Index	Q & Pos Facts	Neg Facts
15323.	Q: Where is the player number for the US Women's National Team displayed on their full uniform? Title = Hope in San Jose Description = A: Jersey, shorts Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Uniform, Uniforms of the British Army, Germany women's national football team, Red coat (military uniform), India women's national cricket team, Uniforms of the United States Navy, Mess dress uniform, Military uniform, United States women's national gymnastics team, Uniforms of the Royal Air Force, Australia women's national cricket team, United States women's national basketball team, Service dress uniform, United States women's national soccer team, Australia women's national soccer team, Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps, Full dress uniform, United States men's national basketball team, Sweden women's national football team, Norway women's national football team Toggle details	Yet, a full dress uniform is sometimes simply called a dress uniform. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Full dress uniform The USA Basketball Women's National Team, commonly known as the United States Women's National Basketball Team, is governed by USA Basketball and competes in FIBA Americas. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) United States women's national basketball team This is the only unit from the Indonesian National Armed Forces which wears red as their full dress uniform. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Red coat (military uniform) The 1979 AFC Women's Championship had a team representing Western Australia, but not the Australian National Team. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Australia women's national soccer team It differs from the full mess dress in a number of ways: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Mess dress uniform Initially the full dress uniform was worn with the service dress cap. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Initially the full dress uniform was worn with the service dress cap. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Full dress uniform The team won another gold medal in the 2008 Olympics, but interest in the Women's National Team had diminished since their performance in the 1999 World Cup. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) United States women's national soccer team As such, full dress uniform is the most formal uniform, followed by the mess dress uniform. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Full dress uniform Therefore, the term dress uniform without prefix typically refers to full dress uniform as described in this article. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Full dress uniform The temperate full dress uniform was introduced in April 1920. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Full dress uniform As such, mess dress uniform is considered less formal than full dress uniform, but more formal than service dress uniform. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mess dress uniform Officers have a somewhat lighter colour on their full dress uniform compared to the troopers. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Full dress uniform In 1956, the Army introduced a blue service dress uniform, based on the full dress blue uniform. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Full dress uniform The Canadian Army's universal full dress uniform includes a scarlet tunic. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Red coat (military uniform) The wearing of the full dress uniform was suspended just prior to the outbreak of World War II. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The Story of the U.S. Women's Soccer Team – 2005 HBO documentary --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States women's national soccer team The introduction of women into the Corps doubled the number of uniforms, as women had an equivalent for every male uniform. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The Dress uniform (PDU) of the National Armed Forces consists of several categories which are: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Full dress uniform In 1960, full dress uniform was reintroduced in the form of Ceremonial Day Dress. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Full dress uniform The full mess dress is thus the equivalent of full dress uniform for units which don't have their unit-specific full dress uniform traditions. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mess dress uniform These rules also apply to the IDF dress uniform. Because of the small number of uniforms required they are bespoke tailored for the specific officer. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mess dress uniform Today the blue-grey full dress uniform is no longer worn, except in a modified form by RAF bandsmen. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Initially the full dress uniform was worn with the service dress cap. However, in 1921 a new form of head-dress was introduced. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The USA Basketball Women's National Team, commonly known as the United States Women's National Basketball Team, is governed by USA Basketball and competes in FIBA Americas. The team is by far the most successful in international women's basketball, winning eight out of ten Olympic tournaments it had entered. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States women's national basketball team As such, service dress uniform is considered less formal than both full dress uniform and mess dress uniform, but more formal than casual wear combat uniform. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Service dress uniform In the Army, only bands and schools have a complete full dress (grande tenue) uniform. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Full dress uniform Initially the full dress uniform was worn with the service dress cap. However, in 1921 a new form of head-dress was introduced. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Full dress uniform Women previously wore a uniform similar to the Service Dress Blue uniform but with a white coat and skirt or trousers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniforms of the United States Navy In October 2012, cost considerations led to the cancellation of the full-scale reintroduction of the uniform, and the uniform was dropped from the Navy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniforms of the United States Navy The footwear for this uniform was full black, round-toed boots (referred to as boondockers), preferably with steel toes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniforms of the United States Navy In April 1920 Air Ministry Weekly Order 332 detailed a full dress uniform. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force She was also the first player in the world to achieve the double of 100 wickets and 1,000 runs in Women's ODIs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Australia women's national cricket team The National Women's Soccer League started in 2013, and provided competitive games as well as opportunities to players on the fringes of the squad. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team The final was also the most watched US-Spanish language broadcast of a FIFA Women's World Cup match in history. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team A narrative nonfiction book covering the entire history of the team from 1985 to 2019 called The National Team: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team In 2005, HBO released a documentary called Dare to Dream: The Story of the U.S. Women's Soccer Team. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team Along with their lawsuit for pay-equity, the US Women’s Soccer players have fought FIFA on policies regarding artificial turf. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team The team won another gold medal in the 2008 Olympics, but interest in the Women's National Team had diminished since their performance in the 1999 World Cup. However, the second women's professional league was created in March 2009, Women's Professional Soccer. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States women's national soccer team Women's National Soccer League (WNSL) – defunct Australian women's national league --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Australia women's national soccer team While full dress uniform is predominantly worn at occasions by commissioned officers and non-commissioned officers, it may also be worn as an optional uniform by some senior enlisted personnel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform The RCAF pipe band's full dress uniform is modelled after the uniforms used by Scottish Highland regiments. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform The remaining parts of the branches tend to apply a variant of the mess dress uniform called "full mess uniform" for formal wear purposes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform Historically, the Royal Air Force regulations permitted the wearing of a full dress uniform in both home and warm-weather variants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform The temperate full dress uniform was introduced in April 1920. It consisted of a single-breasted jacket in blue-grey with a stand-up collar. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform Service dress white includes service ribbons, whereas full dress white includes service ribbons and medals. This uniform is informally called "Chokers", due to the stand-collar. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform The uniforms of the British Army currently exist in twelve categories ranging from ceremonial uniforms to combat dress (with full dress uniform and frock coats listed in addition). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the British Army In addition to the full dress uniform, a scarlet-coloured mess jacket is a part of the authorized mess dress for members of the Canadian Army. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Red coat (military uniform) The uniform was dropped in 1975 by then-Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral James Holloway, in order to reduce the number of items in the officer's seabag. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Navy The grey tunic uniform should be distinguished from the blue or dark green full-dress parade uniform regularly worn on holidays and ceremonies (Russian: парадная форма). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mess dress uniform The numbers represent the year in which the style was introduced. The full mess dress is thus the equivalent of full dress uniform for units which don't have their unit-specific full dress uniform traditions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mess dress uniform There is also a full dress uniform for use by officers in the tropics, officially designated as No.6A Full Ceremonial Dress (Warm Weather Areas). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force " In another shift for the game, the inaugural Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) season was held in the summer of 1996–97. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Australia women's national cricket team In the United States Navy, for example, service dress uniforms are worn for official functions not rising to the level of full dress uniform or mess dress uniform. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Service dress uniform In 2005, HBO released a documentary called Dare to Dream: The Story of the U.S. Women's Soccer Team. In 2013, a documentary about the 1999 World Cup-winning team called The 99ers was produced by former player Julie Foudy and ESPN Films. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States women's national soccer team The phrase "full dress uniform" is often applied in order to distinguish from semi-formal mess dress uniforms, as well as informal service dress uniforms. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform for the Royal Canadian Navy includes a dark navy blue tunic, trousers, and white facings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform Some features of modern full dress uniform worn by both army and navy personnel date from those of the final Czarist period, prior to 1917. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform After the adoption of olive drab and khaki uniforms in 1902, the US Army retained blue uniforms as its full dress until 1917. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform Women wear a uniform similar to female officers and Chiefs, but with silver buttons, and a cover device with a spread eagle and "USN". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform for the Royal Canadian Navy includes a dark navy blue tunic, trousers, and white facings. However, full dress in the Royal Canadian Navy is no longer issued. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform In 1956, the Army introduced a blue service dress uniform, based on the full dress blue uniform. Presently, the Class A Army Service Uniform serves as the U.S. Army's equivalent to full dress. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform The organisation uses a number of uniforms, including a ceremonial one. The affiliated national organisations do not share a standardized ceremonial uniform, known as formal uniform or dress uniform depending on the country. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform The 1992 Dream Team won by an average of 43.8 points (second most, behind the 1956 US team) and the closest a team came to challenging the U.S. was Croatia, which was beaten by 32. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States men's national basketball team In October 2008, five players refused to play in the National Team, making comments that implied playing under Berntsen was too much of a burden, which led to a media outcry. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Norway women's national football team The full dress uniform for cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, also incorporating the scarlet tunic. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Red coat (military uniform) This uniform is informally called "chokers" due to the standing collar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the United States Navy Additionally, this uniform is only prescribed for chiefs and officers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the United States Navy The white combination cap is the prescribed headgear. Women previously wore a uniform similar to the Service Dress Blue uniform but with a white coat and skirt or trousers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the United States Navy The "lesser" (liten) and "full" (stor) mess dress are two uniforms of the Swedish Armed Forces uniform subgroup of "social uniforms" (sällskapsuniformer). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mess dress uniform In April 1920 Air Ministry Weekly Order 332 detailed a full dress uniform. It consisted of a single-breasted jacket in blue-grey with a stand-up collar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Although the uniform was occasionally worn by air officers as late as the 1950s, its use was never officially re-instated. Today the blue-grey full dress uniform is no longer worn, except in a modified form by RAF bandsmen. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The number of tours, both overseas and at home, increased soon thereafter. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Australia women's national cricket team In some parts of some armed forces such as the British Army, service dress uniform may also be used for ceremonial occasions, gradually replacing in this role the full dress uniforms that had preceded them as field uniforms. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Service dress uniform In the United States Navy, for example, service dress uniforms are worn for official functions not rising to the level of full dress uniform or mess dress uniform. They are also commonly worn when travelling in official capacity, or when reporting to a command. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Service dress uniform A narrative nonfiction book covering the entire history of the team from 1985 to 2019 called The National Team: The Inside Story of the Women Who Changed Soccer was named one of Vanity Fair's best books of 2019 and made NPR's 2019 year-end books list. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States women's national soccer team The full dress uniform for officer cadet of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, with minor variation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform of the Chilean Air Force since 2001 has been a medium-blue tunic and trousers, worn with a peaked visor cap. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform The usual full dress uniform of the Chilean Army is based on twentieth-century German feldgrau uniforms; however, several units wear more colorful full dress uniforms. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform The Republican Guard of the National Gendarmerie is the last unit to wear dress uniform as service uniform, as guard of honour detachments are required to wear it while on duty. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform Officers have a somewhat lighter colour on their full dress uniform compared to the troopers. The pickelhaube type helmet is made of nickel-plated steel with brass details and dates back to 1879. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform Mess dress was derived from the shell jacket (infantry) or stable jacket (cavalry): a short, working jacket in full-dress colours, which 19th-century officers paired with a uniform waistcoat for evening wear. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the British Army The uniforms of the British Army currently exist in twelve categories ranging from ceremonial uniforms to combat dress (with full dress uniform and frock coats listed in addition). Uniforms in the British Army are specific to the regiment (or corps) to which a soldier belongs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the British Army However, the women's national team has grown in popularity since winning the World Cup in 2003, as it was chosen as Germany's Sports Team of the Year. As of March 2020, Germany is ranked 2nd in the FIFA Women's World Rankings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Germany women's national football team Goalkeeper Nadine Angerer, who stopped two penalties during the final, was chosen as the tournament's best player. The 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup had Germany again reaching the top four. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Germany women's national football team The trousers for the uniform are flared as "bell bottoms". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Winter Blue uniform was authorized for all ranks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy Ribbons and neckerchief were not worn and the uniform was not authorized for liberty. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform was dropped in 1975 by then-Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral James Holloway, in order to reduce the number of items in the officer's seabag. A revived version of the uniform was announced in 2006 on a test basis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) version of the Mess dress uniform is categorized in the "PDU" (Pakaian Dinas Upacara) or "Full dress uniform" type "II" / PDU --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform These rules also apply to the IDF dress uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform With the general disappearance of full dress uniforms after World War I, mess dress became the most colourful and traditional uniform to be retained by most officers in British and Commonwealth armies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform In 1902, when the U.S. Army adopted its last standing collar blue uniform for full dress, a modified form of civilian tail coat was also introduced for evening dress, worn with a white tie and vest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform This was known as the special uniform for evening wear. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform Due to the tails, it was not considered a mess dress uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform However, the white mess uniform for commissioned and warrant officers was authorized again in 1921. In 1928, wearing of the full range of blue dress uniforms was authorized for all ranks, but only when off duty, and at the expense of the individual. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mess dress uniform Thus the principle ever since followed—uniform coat and variegated facings—was established. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform Most military forces have developed several different uniform types, including combat dress, working dress, service or ordinary duty uniforms and (to a very limited extent) ceremonial full dress. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform The US has medalled in every Olympics and Worlds since 2000. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States women's national gymnastics team The US continued their success in the next quad. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States women's national gymnastics team Today the blue-grey full dress uniform is no longer worn, except in a modified form by RAF bandsmen. This uniform is; from 2012, worn with the peaked cap rather than the busby; and is now referred to as Number 9 Service Dress. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The two teams now compete biennially for the Women's Ashes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Australia women's national cricket team Make runs, take wickets, make the play and do it with a smile on your face.' " In another shift for the game, the inaugural Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) season was held in the summer of 1996–97. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Australia women's national cricket team This battle to eliminate the use of turf in major women’s games heightened around the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup, hosted by Canada; during this tournament, the US Women played 8 of their 10 games on artificial turf. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States women's national soccer team An Australian representative side participated in the 1975 AFC Women's Championship however these games are not recognised as official Australian international fixtures. The participants were the NSW State Team that the organisers had labelled as Australia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Australia women's national soccer team The green service uniform was adapted with a standing collar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The service uniform was designated for ceremonies, garrison, and leave. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps It is also the standard cap badge for all uniform covers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps When wearing the Mess dress uniform, no headdress is worn. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform This uniform is informally called "Chokers", due to the stand-collar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform Presently, the Class A Army Service Uniform serves as the U.S. Army's equivalent to full dress. In November 2018, the U.S. Army announced the dress blue service uniform would be replaced by Army Green service uniforms. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform The team was referred to as the "Dream Team II". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States men's national basketball team The team was commonly referred to as the "Dream Team III". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States men's national basketball team A uniform is a type of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform They are distinguished from the public by the uniform the police wear during overt policing activity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform Usually each country has its own different police uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform In the four major North American sports leagues, one of the two uniforms is almost always predominantly white, and each league except for the National Basketball Association (NBA) has a rule to determine which team should normally wear its white uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform Domestic workers are often required by their employers-managers to wear a uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform The "bush jacket" uniform (in Australia, this is known as the "safari uniform"). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army The trousers had button down belt loops when carrying equipment was not worn, a uniform belt was worn in these loops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army Later that year, they were honoured as the 2003 German Sports Team of the Year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Germany women's national football team Women's football was long met with skepticism in Germany, and official matches were banned by the DFB until 1970. However, the women's national team has grown in popularity since winning the World Cup in 2003, as it was chosen as Germany's Sports Team of the Year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Germany women's national football team Later that year, they were honoured as the 2003 German Sports Team of the Year. Nia Künzer's World Cup winning golden goal was voted Germany's 2003 Goal of the Year, the first time the award was won by a female player. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Germany women's national football team However, none of these examples constituted the national uniform that the red coat was later to become. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red coat (military uniform) The scarlet full-dress tunics of the Royal Marine Light Infantry were abolished in 1923 when the two branches of the Corps were amalgamated and dark blue became the universal uniform colour for both ceremonial and ordinary occasions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red coat (military uniform) The Canadian Army's universal full dress uniform includes a scarlet tunic. Although scarlet is the primary colour of the tunic, its piping is white, and the unit's facing colours appear on the tunic's collar, cuffs, and shoulder straps. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red coat (military uniform) In addition to the full dress uniform, a scarlet-coloured mess jacket is a part of the authorized mess dress for members of the Canadian Army. The full dress uniform for cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, also incorporating the scarlet tunic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red coat (military uniform) This uniform is usually only worn by cadet officers and chief petty officers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Either the all-weather coat or peacoat may be worn with this uniform in cold or inclement weather. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to black tie in usage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to white tie in usage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Navy continues to work to develop a new shipboard working uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy A revived version of the uniform was announced in 2006 on a test basis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Originally it was simply the Service Dress Khaki uniform worn without the coat and tie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform was worn with a combination cover and black shoes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Although naval personnel still retained all the components that made up this uniform, its use was discontinued in 1983. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy "Working grays" were the same uniform worn without the jacket and tie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform was also worn by members of Navy bands regardless of rank. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The footwear for this uniform was full black, round-toed boots (referred to as boondockers), preferably with steel toes. The blue utility jacket was authorized in climates not cold enough as to warrant wearing the black All-Weather Coat. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Mess dress uniform is also known as mess uniform and, more informally, as mess kit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform Colours are those of the historic full dress uniform of the particular branch or service (e.g. medium green with crimson facings for armored cavalry officers, dark blue with red facings for infantry officers). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform Because of the small number of uniforms required they are bespoke tailored for the specific officer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform This uniform was abandoned in the 1990s but reintroduced under President Putin, again for senior generals only. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform There is always a corresponding form of obligatory uniform that may be worn as an alternative (army: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform Individual and unit awards that consist of ribbons only are not worn on the mess uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform Marksmanship and driver/mechanic badges are not worn on the mess uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform This uniform is worn as an equivalent to civilian white tie dress. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform It is classed as no. 4 dress. Colours are those of the historic full dress uniform of the particular branch or service (e.g. medium green with crimson facings for armored cavalry officers, dark blue with red facings for infantry officers). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform This uniform was abandoned in the 1990s but reintroduced under President Putin, again for senior generals only. The grey tunic uniform should be distinguished from the blue or dark green full-dress parade uniform regularly worn on holidays and ceremonies (Russian: парадная форма). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform The "lesser" (liten) and "full" (stor) mess dress are two uniforms of the Swedish Armed Forces uniform subgroup of "social uniforms" (sällskapsuniformer). Aside from mess dress, this group also includes "formal wear" and "society wear". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform In 1902, when the U.S. Army adopted its last standing collar blue uniform for full dress, a modified form of civilian tail coat was also introduced for evening dress, worn with a white tie and vest. This was known as the special uniform for evening wear. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mess dress uniform As such it was sufficiently varied not to rank as "uniform" in the later sense. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform A khaki summer uniform was worn by the entire army. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The Mountain infantry troops retain a more traditional dress uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The modern Indian Army uniform standardises on dun for khaki. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform On 6 June 2006 the US Army announced that its green and white uniforms would be superseded by the Army Blue Uniform as a universal service uniform in the historic colours of dark blue (for tunics) and light blue (for trousers). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Blues, though the second most used uniform, receive far less service than ABUs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The "uniform of the day," when referred to in a military sense, is the designated uniform all military personnel are required to wear on that particular day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform In temperate regions, it is the most formal uniform in use at present. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force It remains essentially unchanged from the service dress uniform adopted in the early 1920s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force RAF service working dress comes in a number of variations: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force This uniform is the same as the British Army's operational uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The Duke wore or carried the full dress headgear rather than the service dress cap. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Although the uniform was occasionally worn by air officers as late as the 1950s, its use was never officially re-instated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Other officers may purchase the uniform at their own expense but few choose to do so. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force This uniform is; from 2012, worn with the peaked cap rather than the busby; and is now referred to as Number 9 Service Dress. There is also a full dress uniform for use by officers in the tropics, officially designated as No.6A Full Ceremonial Dress (Warm Weather Areas). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force In Western dress codes, service dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian suit - sometimes collectively called undress or "dress clothes". As such, service dress uniform is considered less formal than both full dress uniform and mess dress uniform, but more formal than casual wear combat uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Service dress uniform To the team's surprise, the Italians began cheering for the US, which they pronounced as “oosa.” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States women's national soccer team A book about the team's 1999 Women's World Cup campaign, Girls of Summer: The U.S. Women's Soccer Team and How It Changed the World was released in 2001 and in 2020 Netflix announced a film based on the book. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States women's national soccer team It averaged 23 million viewers and higher ratings than the NBA finals and the Stanley Cup finals. The final was also the most watched US-Spanish language broadcast of a FIFA Women's World Cup match in history. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States women's national soccer team In 2008, the Matildas competed in the 2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australia women's national soccer team The participants were the NSW State Team that the organisers had labelled as Australia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australia women's national soccer team In 1926, the standing collar on the service uniform was changed to a rolled-flat collar, but the dress uniform collar remained standing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps In the late 1980s, the full white dress uniform coat was discontinued, though the white dress trousers remain in use as the officer and SNCO summer Blue-white dress and for authorized junior Marines in ceremonies today. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps This uniform has since been replaced with the Blue/White Dress uniform for officers and SNCOs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Women wear pumps in place of shoes, and may wear a skirt in place of slacks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The service uniform consists of green and khaki colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps visiting the White House, except when in a tourist capacity, or on an occasion where another uniform is specified. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Service "A" (or Alpha) is the base uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps There are two types of authorized headwear for the service uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The introduction of women into the Corps doubled the number of uniforms, as women had an equivalent for every male uniform. After the war, female uniforms became close to their male equivalents as women were more closely integrated into the Corps, and the green service uniform was worn year-round as the khaki summer version was discontinued. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform After World War I most full dress uniforms disappeared. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The Argentine Army's full dress uniform is green with a visor cap, epaulettes, sword set and scabbard (for officers), long green pants, a black belt, and black shoes or boots. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform However, full dress in the Royal Canadian Navy is no longer issued. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The Air Force and the Navy do not issue dress uniforms, but on special ceremonies, such as changes of command, military personnel should add swords or daggers and full medals to their service uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Bands of the French Army are permitted to wear special uniform depending on circumstances. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform On representation duty, they often use a 19th c.-style dress uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Each uniform category is worn for different purposes and for certain occasions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform For male Indonesian Navy officers wearing the full dress uniform ("PDUs" I and IA), will always carry his dress sabre wherever he goes, female personnel and officers in the other hand would carry her issued dress uniform purse except for those in command posts which are also entitled to sabres. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Enlisted ratings of the Indonesian Navy (except those in the Marine Corps and Denjaka, which wears the purple beret and special forces operators of KOPASKA that wear the maroon beret) wear US dixie caps with the full dress. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Because of the small number of uniforms required they are tailor made for the specific officer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform In the Swedish Navy, only one ceremonial uniform is still in use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The blue "home service" helmets were not worn as part of the No 1 dress uniform, except by members of some bands or corps of drums which retained their old full dress uniforms, at regimental expense. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform This uniform was superseded by the Blue/White Dress uniform in 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The Military Academy of the Bolivarian Army wears a 19th century-styled Prussian bright blue uniform as the full dress of the Corps of Cadets, with a pickelhaube or peaked cap depending on the year level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The organisation uses a number of uniforms, including a ceremonial one. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Yet, a full dress uniform is sometimes simply called a dress uniform. Although many services use the term dress generically for uniforms, allowing it to refer to more modern service dress ("combat") uniforms with suitable modifiers (e.g. the British Army's obsolete Battle Dress; and the U.S. Army's obsolete Battle Dress Uniform). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Marines wear peaked caps with the dress uniform. Epaulettes are only worn with the dress uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The RCAF pipe band's full dress uniform is modelled after the uniforms used by Scottish Highland regiments. It includes a feather bonnet; air force blue doublet, facings, and pipings; RCAF tartan kilt; and blue garters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. The pith helmet remains in use for ceremonial parade positions only. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform of the Chilean Air Force since 2001 has been a medium-blue tunic and trousers, worn with a peaked visor cap. For parade dress, officers additionally wear a sword belt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform This is called "Tradition Uniform". The Air Force and the Navy do not issue dress uniforms, but on special ceremonies, such as changes of command, military personnel should add swords or daggers and full medals to their service uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Each uniform category is worn for different purposes and for certain occasions. The "PDU I" and "PDU IA" are regarded as "full dress uniforms" which are worn for formal state occasions and when attending ceremonial events of high significance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Because of the small number of uniforms required they are tailor made for the specific officer. Prior to 2016, the dress uniform, the Madei Srad was only worn abroad, either by a military attaché or by senior officers on official state visits. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The uniforms of the Russian Armed Forces were inherited from the Soviet Armed Forces and modified throughout the years. Some features of modern full dress uniform worn by both army and navy personnel date from those of the final Czarist period, prior to 1917. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The remaining parts of the branches tend to apply a variant of the mess dress uniform called "full mess uniform" for formal wear purposes. White spats and belts may also be added to their service dress uniforms for parades or certain ceremonial purposes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The cavalry, including the Swedish Cavalry Band, wear the royal blue uniform of the Life Guard Dragoons (1st Cavalry) from 1895. Officers have a somewhat lighter colour on their full dress uniform compared to the troopers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Historically, the Royal Air Force regulations permitted the wearing of a full dress uniform in both home and warm-weather variants. Although the home wear version of full dress is no longer worn (except in a modified form by RAF bandsmen), the tropical full ceremonial dress continues to be authorised. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform In 1960, full dress uniform was reintroduced in the form of Ceremonial Day Dress. Worn only by limited categories of senior officers this is very similar to the old full dress, but without fringed epaulettes or cuff slashes, and worn with a peaked cap. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Before 1939, this was worn with a white tropical helmet; abolished in 1949, for full dress purposes. Since 1995 this is only regularly issued to officers of the rank of captain and above, all other officers being issued a white bush jacket, but are issued this uniform from stores if ordered to by command. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The USA Basketball Men's National Team, commonly known as the United States men's national basketball team, is the most successful team in international competition, winning medals in all eighteen Olympic tournaments it has entered, including fifteen golds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States men's national basketball team The player with the most caps is Therese Sjögran, with 214. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sweden women's national football team There they lost to the US after extra time, but won the bronze medal after defeating Brazil. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Norway women's national football team They started off losing to the US, but picked up nicely by beating Nigeria and China, the latter by one goal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Norway women's national football team For some organizations, such as police, it may be illegal for non members to wear the uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform The term uniform may be misleading because employees are not always fully uniform in appearance and may not always wear attire provided by the organization, while still representing the organization in their attire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform Most military forces, however, have developed several different uniform types. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform In the United Kingdom, especially in football, the terms "kit" or "strip" (as in 'football kit') are more common (instead of uniform). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform A prison uniform is any uniform worn by individuals incarcerated in a prison, jail or similar facility of detention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform Senior officers, of full colonel rank and above, do not wear a regimental uniform (except when serving in the honorary position of a Colonel of the Regiment); rather, they wear their own 'staff uniform' (which includes a coloured cap band and matching gorget patches in several orders of dress). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army Where full dress is currently not used, the notional colours can be ascertained by the colours of the mess dress; if the regiment in question has not been amalgamated with another. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army Army units participating in the 1953 Coronation wore the new uniform as a temporary issue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army Colours vary greatly from unit to unit but generally match those of the traditional full dress of the regiment or corps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army It is often incorrectly called the "Pattern 37 uniform" from the pattern of web gear and accessories introduced earlier in 1937. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army The uniform was designed for the temperate climate of the United Kingdom or Northern Europe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army This uniform was normally worn with a DPM bush hat; out of the field, regimental headdress was often worn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army From 2009 it began to be replaced by a new Multi-Terrain Pattern (MTP) uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army Women's football was long met with skepticism in Germany, and official matches were banned by the DFB until 1970. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team As of March 2020, Germany is ranked 2nd in the FIFA Women's World Rankings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team In November 1991, Germany participated in the first Women's World Cup in China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team Women's football was first played as an Olympic sport at the 1996 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team Birgit Prinz was honoured as the tournament's best player and top goalscorer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team The 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup had Germany again reaching the top four. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team As the team became more successful, especially after the World Cup win in 2003, the number of spectators rose accordingly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team Under Bisanz, Germany also was runner-up at the 1995 Women's World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team Her biggest success was the 2003 Women's World Cup title. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team They have participated in every Women's World Cup and have a 30–5–9 win–draw–loss record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team The German team has qualified for all Women's Olympic Football Tournaments until 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team The game went to extra time, where Nia Künzer headed the winning golden goal in the 98th minute to claim Germany's first Women's World Cup title. Birgit Prinz was honoured as the tournament's best player and top goalscorer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Germany women's national football team However, some units in the Canadian Army are authorized regimental differences from the Army's universal full dress. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red coat (military uniform) The Tatmadaw has reintroduced red tunics alongside the white ceremonial honor guard uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red coat (military uniform) The Royal Marine Artillery wore dark blue from their creation in 1804. The scarlet full-dress tunics of the Royal Marine Light Infantry were abolished in 1923 when the two branches of the Corps were amalgamated and dark blue became the universal uniform colour for both ceremonial and ordinary occasions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red coat (military uniform) However, women's cricket arrived in India much later; the Women's Cricket Association of India was formed in 1973. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) India women's national cricket team As part of the International Cricket Council's initiative to develop women's cricket, the Women's Cricket Association of India was merged with the Board of Control for Cricket in India in 2006.In 2021, the BCCI announced that Ramesh Powar would become the Head Coach of the Indian Women's Cricket Team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) India women's national cricket team Service dress uniforms are worn for official functions not rising to the level of full or dinner dress. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Ribbons are worn over the left breast pocket in all variations of the service dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Service Dress White uniform had until recently been different for the men's and women's variations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Though rarely used, men can also substitute a tailcoat for the standard dinner dress jacket with this uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Those holding the rank of lieutenant and below have the option of using the Dinner Dress uniform when Dinner Dress Jacket is prescribed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Khakis were authorized aboard submarines in 1931 and as an officer's working uniform on all ships in 1941. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform is also worn by cadet officers and cadet chief petty officers in the Navy Junior ROTC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Officers wear shoulder boards with this uniform, while chiefs wear metal collar insignia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Either the All-Weather Coat, Blue jacket, or Peacoat may be worn with this uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The khaki windbreaker, previously authorized only with the service khaki uniform, was discontinued on 30 September 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform reintroduced a khaki service coat worn with a black necktie and shoulder boards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Like the summer khaki uniform, it was to be worn with high, laced tan leather shoes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy But by the early 1960s, it had become limited to that of a "working uniform" for use on base or aboard ship only. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Exceptionally rarely worn, though authorized with this uniform, was a pith helmet, with a Naval Officer's insignia at the front, above the brim. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Women previously wore a uniform similar to the Service Dress Blue uniform but with a white coat and skirt or trousers. Officer's rank insignia consisted of lacing on the sleeves in the same manner as on the blue uniform, while CPOs wore rank insignia pins on the lapels of the jacket. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to white tie in usage. Additionally, this uniform is only prescribed for chiefs and officers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy In 1995 a tape with the words "U.S. NAVY" began being included above the left breast pocket with embroidered enlisted warfare insignia authorized above it, and an embroidered rating badge. The footwear for this uniform was full black, round-toed boots (referred to as boondockers), preferably with steel toes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Women's mess attire is the same, except that women may wear a skirt instead of trousers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform In keeping with the Israel Defense Forces' doctrine of a People's Army, mess uniform is not worn inside Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform The Norwegian Army has no specific mess uniform, but uses its parade uniform or service uniform as appropriate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform Mess uniform is authorized for all commissioned officers of the Pakistan Army, Air Force and Navy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform With the full mess dress one may also wear braces or a waistcoat in one's branch colours. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform "Society wear" is the service dress uniform, when worn to a black-tie occasion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform The individual officer could wear full dress or either of the evening dress alternatives for social functions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform However, the white mess uniform for commissioned and warrant officers was authorized again in 1921. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform It was replaced by the Army blue mess uniform, which in its modern form closely resembles that of 1911. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform Below, on both sleeves, are long service stripes in place of the shorter stripes used on the service uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform There are three styles of this uniform—dinner dress, dinner dress jacket, and tropical dinner dress. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform Colours are those of the historic full dress uniform of the particular branch or service (e.g. medium green with crimson facings for armored cavalry officers, dark blue with red facings for infantry officers). A white version is authorized for summer wear. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform With the general disappearance of full dress uniforms after World War I, mess dress became the most colourful and traditional uniform to be retained by most officers in British and Commonwealth armies. Immediately after World War II the cheaper "blue patrols" were worn for several years as mess dress, but by 1956 the traditional uniforms had been readopted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform In 1928, wearing of the full range of blue dress uniforms was authorized for all ranks, but only when off duty, and at the expense of the individual. In practice, this meant that only the pre-1917 mess uniform, and to a lesser extent the special evening wear, reappeared in significant numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform It could be worn as either a black tie or white tie combination. Due to the tails, it was not considered a mess dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mess dress uniform Military uniforms differs not only according to military units but tend to also be offered in different levels of formality in accordance with Western dress codes: full dress uniform for formal wear, mess dress uniform for semi-formal wear, service dress uniform for informal wear, and combat uniform (also called "battle/field dress") which would equal casual wear. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Marquis of Louvois, in creating a standing army, had introduced an infantry uniform as a necessary consequence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform However uniform dress was not a feature of navies (officers and marines excepted) until comparatively recent times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform In the early 19th century Royal Navy officers developed a more distinctive form of uniform comprising (in full dress uniform) a cocked hat, dark blue coatee with white collar and cuffs, dark blue or white trousers, or breeches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform There was a khaki version of the Class A dress uniform for summer wear. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Each uniform category consists of different types which usually consists of type I until type IV (four types). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Spanish Army has reintroduced a number of dress uniforms dating back to the pre-1931 Monarchy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Popular disdain among US troops for the beret headgear as part of the "default" headgear for wear with the ACU uniform led to a regulation revision in 2011, with the standard "default" headgear for wear with ACUs now being the ACU patrol cap, which provides a much better degree of sun protection for the eyes). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform This and other features of the historic Prussian Army uniform were generally adopted by the other German States as they fell under Prussian influence before and after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. Bavarians, however, continued to wear light blue and Saxon regiments retained a number of distinctions after the establishment of the German Empire (1871). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Kremlin Regiment has in recent years been issued with a special ceremonial uniform which closely resembles that of the infantry regiments of the Imperial Guard immediately prior to the First World War. Women's uniforms in the Russian Army feature a skirt instead of trousers and a garrison cap instead of a beret or peaked cap. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Women's uniforms in the Russian Army feature a skirt instead of trousers and a garrison cap instead of a beret or peaked cap. Since 1994 the uniform (or its main details) has undergone a series of changes in 1999, 2005, 2010, 2013 and 2017. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Currently, the US team is the reigning World team champion and the reigning Olympic team champion, with the latter named the Final Five. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States women's national gymnastics team In 2013, Simone Biles started her senior career and helped the US dominate the sport through 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States women's national gymnastics team The US continued their success in the next quad. They won another Olympic silver medal in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States women's national gymnastics team The Royal Air Force uniform is the standardised military dress worn by members of the Royal Air Force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The tartan is worn by the RAF's voluntary pipes bands, although not as part of an official RAF uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The olive green uniform continued to be worn until 1924 when it too was replaced by a blue-grey colour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force ranks and insignia form part of the uniform of the Royal Air Force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The Indian Air Force uniform is also of a similar pattern to the RAF uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force The Royal Australian Air Force uniform is in midnight blue, instead of grey-blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force It is analogous to the Army's barrack dress. RAF service working dress comes in a number of variations: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Shelley Nitschke and Lisa Sthalekar proved to be invaluable all-round additions to the team, while Karen Rolton became the first player to score a century in the knockout stage of a Women's Cricket World Cup by making 107 not out in the final against India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australia women's national cricket team Ahead of the 2015 Women's Ashes, Matthew Mott was appointed as the team's new coach. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australia women's national cricket team Adopted at three weeks old by an American family, Sthalekar overcame unlikely odds to become the second woman to take 100 career ODI wickets for Australia. She was also the first player in the world to achieve the double of 100 wickets and 1,000 runs in Women's ODIs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australia women's national cricket team She was also the first player in the world to achieve the double of 100 wickets and 1,000 runs in Women's ODIs. Ahead of the 2013 Women's Ashes, the series structure was changed to a points-based system where matches would include ODIs and T20Is alongside the traditional Test format. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australia women's national cricket team They may be seasonal, with a white uniform worn in summer and darker versions in winter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Service dress uniform The uniform's jacket, trousers, and collared shirt, are coloured in the style of their environmental command. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Service dress uniform A winter uniform similar to British Army No. 2 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Service dress uniform Presently, the Madei Alef uniforms serves as the IDF's service dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Service dress uniform The FIFA Women's World Cup is now the second-most watched FIFA tournament, with only the men's FIFA World Cup attracting more viewership. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States women's national soccer team Along with their lawsuit for pay-equity, the US Women’s Soccer players have fought FIFA on policies regarding artificial turf. This battle to eliminate the use of turf in major women’s games heightened around the 2015 FIFA Women’s World Cup, hosted by Canada; during this tournament, the US Women played 8 of their 10 games on artificial turf. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States women's national soccer team In 2010 the Matildas qualified for the 2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup in China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australia women's national soccer team Also born was the tradition of reporting to a new duty station in the Service "A" uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps A khaki version of the service uniform was adapted as well, for use in summer months. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The Marine Corps dress uniform is an elaborate uniform worn for formal or ceremonial occasions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps It is the only U.S. military uniform that incorporates all three colors of the U.S. flag. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The most recognizable uniform of the Marine Corps is the Blue Dress uniform, often seen in recruiting advertisements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Because the Blue Dress uniform is considered formal wear, Blue Dress "C" and "D" are rarely worn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Since then, it has become the authorized summer dress uniform for all officers and SNCOs (unless they are in formation with personnel who are not authorized to wear the uniform). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps This uniform replaced, in 2000, an all-white uniform, similar in appearance to that of the Navy officer's white dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Like the Blue-White Dress uniform, musicians are not authorized to wear the khaki shirts with the Red-Dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps It is authorized for wear only by officers and SNCOs, and a required uniform item only for senior officers (majors and above). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps reporting for duty onshoreLike the Blue Dress uniform, the service uniform is authorized for wear while on leave or liberty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps To further distinguish the uniform, upon close examination, the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor are visible within the pattern. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Most badges and breast insignia are authorized for wear on the utility uniform, shined or subdued as appropriate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Dress Blue Wool greatcoat, (double breasted with gold buttons), is used only with the Dress Blue uniform --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps There is no maternity dress uniform, while the maternity MCCUU comes in both woodland and desert patterns. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Like any uniform, Marine uniforms have many accoutrements whose symbolism may not be obvious. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Breast insignia, also known as badges, are similarly worn, though individuals have the option of wearing subdued insignia on the utility uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The standing collar of the dress coat is reminiscent of the uniform that earned Marines the nickname "Leatherneck". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Full dress uniforms typically include full-size orders and medals insignia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Although there still exist official patterns for full dress uniforms for each regiment or corps within the British Army, this uniform is seldom issued at public expense, except for units which are often on public duties, such as the Guards Division, Regimental Bands and Corps of Drums, which are bought from the Regiment's allowance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The Indonesian National Armed Forces, Indonesian National Police, and other uniformed institutions of the country have their own types of Dress uniforms known as "PDU", an abbreviation from Pakaian Dinas Upacara literally meaning "ceremonial uniform" in Indonesian; worn during formal occasions and when attending ceremonies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The mess dress uniform is basically the same for the three branches of the armed forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The dress uniform includes a blazer-type jacket, worn with a white shirt, and a tie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The air force uniform is of the same design, but medium blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform This dated back to plain "patrol" uniforms worn by officers before 1914 as an informal "undress" uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Practices do however vary between units and historic items of uniform are more likely to appear where tradition is particularly strong. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Before 1939, this was worn with a white tropical helmet; abolished in 1949, for full dress purposes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Service dress white includes service ribbons, whereas full dress white includes service ribbons and medals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The white uniform is worn with a white belt and silver buckle, and the sleeves come down to the middle of the hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. As such, full dress uniform is the most formal uniform, followed by the mess dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform While full dress uniform is predominantly worn at occasions by commissioned officers and non-commissioned officers, it may also be worn as an optional uniform by some senior enlisted personnel. It is also sometimes worn by members of royal courts, orders of chivalry or certain civilian uniformed services, although some of these may border to court uniforms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Although many services use the term dress generically for uniforms, allowing it to refer to more modern service dress ("combat") uniforms with suitable modifiers (e.g. the British Army's obsolete Battle Dress; and the U.S. Army's obsolete Battle Dress Uniform). Therefore, the term dress uniform without prefix typically refers to full dress uniform as described in this article. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Full dress uniforms for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) consists of a blue plume, where the headdress allows, an air force light blue tunic, trousers and facings. The RCAF pipe band's full dress uniform is modelled after the uniforms used by Scottish Highland regiments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform It includes a feather bonnet; air force blue doublet, facings, and pipings; RCAF tartan kilt; and blue garters. The full dress uniform for the Royal Canadian Navy includes a dark navy blue tunic, trousers, and white facings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform for officer cadet of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, with minor variation. The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The Air Force and the Navy do not issue dress uniforms, but on special ceremonies, such as changes of command, military personnel should add swords or daggers and full medals to their service uniform. Bands of the French Army are permitted to wear special uniform depending on circumstances. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Some features of modern full dress uniform worn by both army and navy personnel date from those of the final Czarist period, prior to 1917. Most notably these include the blue-green shade of the modern army officer's parade and walking out uniform; the dark blue and white dress uniform still worn by sailors; and the ceremonial dress of the Kremlin Regiment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform There are three versions of full dress uniforms in use in the Swedish Army as of the present day, all belonging to the Life Guards. The infantry wears the dark blue uniform of the Svea Life Guards (1st Life Guards) with yellow collar, cuffs and piping which dates back to 1886. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform This order of uniform lasted through the first half of the twentieth century, being placed 'in abeyance' at the onset of the Second World War, and was worn by Prince Philip at the Coronation of Elizabeth II. In 1960, full dress uniform was reintroduced in the form of Ceremonial Day Dress. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Prior to the 20th century, the uniforms of the United States Army were primarily made out of a combination of dark blue wool (for tunics or coats) and light blue (for trousers and breeches). After the adoption of olive drab and khaki uniforms in 1902, the US Army retained blue uniforms as its full dress until 1917. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform After the adoption of olive drab and khaki uniforms in 1902, the US Army retained blue uniforms as its full dress until 1917. The blue full dress ceremonial overcoat was reintroduced in January 1929, and saw alterations to its design in 1936 and 1937, before it was suspended from use in 1943. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The blue uniform features the thirteen button trousers, and has three rows of white piping on the collar and cuffs. Women wear a uniform similar to female officers and Chiefs, but with silver buttons, and a cover device with a spread eagle and "USN". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The Military Academy of the Bolivarian Army wears a 19th century-styled Prussian bright blue uniform as the full dress of the Corps of Cadets, with a pickelhaube or peaked cap depending on the year level. The former is worn by all officers and the senior and junior year cadets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform This was the last time the American Olympic Team consisted of amateur college players. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team All went on to have careers in Europe, with Langdon being named to the Euroleague's All-Decade Team for the 2000s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team The close outcome of 2000 and the humiliating results of 2002 prompted a number of NBA superstars to agree to join the team for the FIBA Americas Championship 2003, dubbed as the Dream Team IV, which the squad was required to participate in to qualify for the 2004 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team The US went undefeated but appeared vulnerable at times in winning five exhibition games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team In a rematch of the 2008 finals, Team USA again narrowly defeated Spain to capture the gold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team In 1989, FIBA modified its rules and allowed USA Basketball to field teams with National Basketball Association players. The first such team, known as the "Dream Team", won the gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, being superior in all matches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team The USA team was so much better than the competition that head coach Chuck Daly did not call a single timeout during the tournament. The 1992 Dream Team won by an average of 43.8 points (second most, behind the 1956 US team) and the closest a team came to challenging the U.S. was Croatia, which was beaten by 32. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national basketball team The team has had less success since the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Norway women's national football team Pellerud saw Norway progress to the 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Norway women's national football team Despite this Norway qualified for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup in China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Norway women's national football team Then in the 2008 Olympics Norway first impressively beat USA, then lost to Japan 1–5 and went out in the quarter finals against Brazil. In October 2008, five players refused to play in the National Team, making comments that implied playing under Berntsen was too much of a burden, which led to a media outcry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Norway women's national football team They are distinguished from the public by the uniform the police wear during overt policing activity. Usually each country has its own different police uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniform In the four major North American sports leagues, one of the two uniforms is almost always predominantly white, and each league except for the National Basketball Association (NBA) has a rule to determine which team should normally wear its white uniform. Customarily, National Football League (NFL) and National Hockey League (NHL) teams wear their color uniforms for home games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniform The "bush jacket" uniform (in Australia, this is known as the "safari uniform"). It is issued to all officers and ORs on posting to a warm-weather station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army Battledress had some drawbacks. The uniform was designed for the temperate climate of the United Kingdom or Northern Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army In January 1902, the British army adopted a universal khaki uniform for home service wear, the Service Dress, after experience with lighter khaki drill in India and South Africa. The traditional scarlet, blue and green uniforms were retained for full dress and off duty "walking out dress" wear. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army They again finished third at both the 2004 and the 2008 Summer Olympics. The German team has qualified for all Women's Olympic Football Tournaments until 2008. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Germany women's national football team The scarlet full-dress tunics of the Royal Marine Light Infantry were abolished in 1923 when the two branches of the Corps were amalgamated and dark blue became the universal uniform colour for both ceremonial and ordinary occasions. Scarlet for the Royal Marines now (2021) survives only in the mess uniform jackets of officers and senior NCOs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Red coat (military uniform) The full dress uniform for cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, also incorporating the scarlet tunic. The dress uniform of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, a federal law enforcement agency, also incorporates elements of a red coat, referred to as the Red Serge. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Red coat (military uniform) Service dress uniforms are worn for official functions not rising to the level of full or dinner dress. They are also commonly worn when traveling in official capacity, or when reporting to a command. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is informally called "chokers" due to the standing collar. The material, formerly cotton, today is a weave of polyester known as "Certified Navy Twill". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy Either the All-Weather Coat, Blue jacket, or Peacoat may be worn with this uniform. While once authorized for junior enlisted, it is now restricted to officers and chiefs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy Later on, through the Vietnam War, the trousers and jacket were often made of light wool or wool-blend fabric as routine access to dry-cleaning facilities became available. The uniform was dropped in 1975 by then-Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral James Holloway, in order to reduce the number of items in the officer's seabag. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform was worn with a combination cover and black shoes. Although naval personnel still retained all the components that made up this uniform, its use was discontinued in 1983. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform was also worn by members of Navy bands regardless of rank. Officer-pattern whites were authorized for CPOs in 1981. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy It is only worn abroad, either by military attachés or by senior officers on official state visits. These rules also apply to the IDF dress uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform This was known as the special uniform for evening wear. At the same time, a mess uniform resembling the British pattern was authorized for less formal evening occasions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform The various blue uniforms ceased to be worn after 1917. However, the white mess uniform for commissioned and warrant officers was authorized again in 1921. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform Marksmanship and driver/mechanic badges are not worn on the mess uniform. Regimental distinctive insignia is worn on the right lapel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform Enlisted members also have the option to wear the semi-formal uniform, essentially an issued service dress with a white shirt substituted for the blue shirt, but many non-commissioned officers elect to purchase a mess dress. Women's mess dress uniforms have a long skirt replacing the trousers and delete the button chain clasp for the coat. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform An additional uniform, formal dress (white tie), is optional for all commissioned officers, but may be prescribed for captains and above. This uniform is worn as an equivalent to civilian white tie dress. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mess dress uniform As such it was sufficiently varied not to rank as "uniform" in the later sense. An elaborate system of colourful standards largely provided unit identification. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The Nationale Volksarmee of the former German Democratic Republic also maintained a stone grey uniform, following the Imperial German tradition. Whereas the newly formed West German Army was clothed in US pattern uniforms from its establishment in 1955, East German units retained high collared tunics, "Stiefelhosen" (bootcut trousers), and "Marschstiefel" (jackboots). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform Each uniform category consists of different types which usually consists of type I until type IV (four types). The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The Russian Army has retained a number of features, such as officers' epaulettes, high boots and long greatcoats with collar patches for all ranks, which can be traced back to Tsarist days. The dress uniform for officers is of the same distinctive blue/green colour as "Tsar's green", worn until 1914. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The new Navy Working Uniform (NWU) is now worn by naval sailors and officers. On 6 June 2006 the US Army announced that its green and white uniforms would be superseded by the Army Blue Uniform as a universal service uniform in the historic colours of dark blue (for tunics) and light blue (for trousers). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform On 6 June 2006 the US Army announced that its green and white uniforms would be superseded by the Army Blue Uniform as a universal service uniform in the historic colours of dark blue (for tunics) and light blue (for trousers). The new service dress was introduced in 2007 and became obligatory for all ranks by 2011. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform Blues, though the second most used uniform, receive far less service than ABUs. Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The "uniform of the day," when referred to in a military sense, is the designated uniform all military personnel are required to wear on that particular day. It is often designated by the senior officer on the base. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The US has medalled in every Olympics and Worlds since 2000. They won their first World gold medal in 2003. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States women's national gymnastics team In temperate regions, it is the most formal uniform in use at present. It remains essentially unchanged from the service dress uniform adopted in the early 1920s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force There is also a full dress uniform for use by officers in the tropics, officially designated as No.6A Full Ceremonial Dress (Warm Weather Areas). It consists of a white tunic with stand collar, matching trousers, blue-grey peaked cap and black leather shoes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the Royal Air Force Australia played their first Test match in 1934–35 against England. The two teams now compete biennially for the Women's Ashes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australia women's national cricket team Australia finished the tournament as runners-up, losing to host nation England in the final. The number of tours, both overseas and at home, increased soon thereafter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australia women's national cricket team They are also commonly worn when travelling in official capacity, or when reporting to a command. They may be seasonal, with a white uniform worn in summer and darker versions in winter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Service dress uniform The uniform's jacket, trousers, and collared shirt, are coloured in the style of their environmental command. A skirt may be used by females members in place of trousers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Service dress uniform The United States qualified for the tournament by winning the inaugural CONCACAF Women's Championship, hosted by Haiti in April 1991, outscoring their opponents 49–0 for the sole CONCACAF berth in the tournament. The team played several exhibition matches abroad against European opponents to prepare for the world championship, while its players quit their regular jobs to train full-time with meager compensation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States women's national soccer team A book about the team's 1999 Women's World Cup campaign, Girls of Summer: The U.S. Women's Soccer Team and How It Changed the World was released in 2001 and in 2020 Netflix announced a film based on the book. In 2005, HBO released a documentary called Dare to Dream: The Story of the U.S. Women's Soccer Team. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States women's national soccer team In 1926, the standing collar on the service uniform was changed to a rolled-flat collar, but the dress uniform collar remained standing. A khaki version of the service uniform was adapted as well, for use in summer months. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps The most recognizable uniform of the Marine Corps is the Blue Dress uniform, often seen in recruiting advertisements. It is often called Dress Blues or simply Blues. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Women wear pumps in place of shoes, and may wear a skirt in place of slacks. A blue boatcloak with a scarlet lining is optional. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps It is authorized for wear only by officers and SNCOs, and a required uniform item only for senior officers (majors and above). It comes in three varieties: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps Full dress uniform or parade dress uniform is the most formal type of uniforms used by military, police, fire and other public uniformed services for official parades, ceremonies, and receptions, including private ones such as marriages and funerals. Full dress uniforms typically include full-size orders and medals insignia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Designs may depend on regiment or service branch (e.g. army, navy, air force, marines). In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The usual full dress uniform of the Chilean Army is based on twentieth-century German feldgrau uniforms; however, several units wear more colorful full dress uniforms. Cadets of the military academy "Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme" wear a Prussian blue uniform with Pickelhaube, based on the uniform worn by the Wilhelmine foot guard regiments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Bands of the French Army are permitted to wear special uniform depending on circumstances. On representation duty, they often use a 19th c.-style dress uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The Republican Guard of the National Gendarmerie is the last unit to wear dress uniform as service uniform, as guard of honour detachments are required to wear it while on duty. The cavalry regiment wear a 19th-century dragoon uniform, with metal helmet and white riding trousers, while the infantry regiments use a high-collared traditional gendarmerie uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Headgear worn is the beret. The air force uniform is of the same design, but medium blue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The blue "home service" helmets were not worn as part of the No 1 dress uniform, except by members of some bands or corps of drums which retained their old full dress uniforms, at regimental expense. English Rifle regiments were amalgamated into the Royal Green Jackets, which continued to wear a dark green dress uniform, and black buttons and belts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Today, with the exceptions noted above, full dress or No 1 Dress uniforms are only held in limited quantities as common stock, and issued only to detachments on occasional special ceremonial occasions. Practices do however vary between units and historic items of uniform are more likely to appear where tradition is particularly strong. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The U.S. Army's uniform regulations also define a class of "special ceremonial units," that are authorized to wear distinct ceremonial regimental uniforms for ceremonies and public duties. They include select U.S. Army band and guard units, including the 3rd Infantry Regiment's Commander-in-Chief's Guard, the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, and some National Guard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform No blood stripes were authorized, and white shoes were worn. This uniform was superseded by the Blue/White Dress uniform in 2000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The USA Basketball Men's National Team, commonly known as the United States men's national basketball team, is the most successful team in international competition, winning medals in all eighteen Olympic tournaments it has entered, including fifteen golds. In the professional era, the team won the Olympic gold medal in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008, 2012, and 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States men's national basketball team The 1992 Dream Team won by an average of 43.8 points (second most, behind the 1956 US team) and the closest a team came to challenging the U.S. was Croatia, which was beaten by 32. Michael Jordan and Scottie Pippen became the first players to win both NBA championship and Olympic gold medal in the same year, having played for the Chicago Bulls. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States men's national basketball team The team was referred to as the "Dream Team II". The third team composed of NBA players participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States men's national basketball team Tournament MVP Kevin Durant broke several Team USA scoring records (most points in a tournament-205, most points in a single game-38, and average points per game-22.8). In addition, Lamar Odom became the first player to win the NBA and FIBA World championships in the same year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States men's national basketball team Norway drew with Brazil, and beat Germany and Japan, proceeding to the semi finals. There they lost to the US after extra time, but won the bronze medal after defeating Brazil. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Norway women's national football team Norway was not among the biggest favourites to win the Sydney Olympics. They started off losing to the US, but picked up nicely by beating Nigeria and China, the latter by one goal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Norway women's national football team
15027.	Q: Do University Church of St Mary the Virgin and Christ Church Cathedral in Oxford both have iron fences next to them? Title = Christ Church Cathedral, exterior, Oxford Description = Title = Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford (3808071800) Description = A: No. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Mary, mother of Jesus, Virgin Group, ChristChurch Cathedral, St Mary-le-Bow, Mary MacKillop, Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos, St. Marys, Georgia, Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, The Virgin Suicides (film), Oxford shoe, Oxford, Mississippi, Christ Church Cathedral, St. Vincent–St. Mary High School, University of Oxford, British Virgin Islands, Mary Magdalene, Fordham University, Canterbury Cathedral, St. Mary Mead, Fordham University Church, Virgin Galactic, The Virgin, Oxford English Dictionary, Christ Church, Oxford, 30 St Mary Axe, Santa Maria Maggiore, Oxford dictionary, Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, The 40-Year-Old Virgin, Christ Church Cathedral (Houston), University, Oxford (cloth), Oxford, Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California), Oxford University Press, Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, Newman University Church, St. Mary's Church, Virgin Records, Canterbury Christ Church University, University Church of St Mary the Virgin, University Baptist Church, Oxford Industries, University Church, Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, Jane the Virgin, List of universities and colleges affiliated with the Churches of Christ, United States Virgin Islands Toggle details	The following have served as Vicar of the University Church of St Mary the Virgin: --- (0.42, 0.0, 0.42) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The University Church of St Mary the Virgin was used for university ceremonies before the construction of the Sheldonian. Christ Church Cathedral uniquely serves as both a college chapel and as a cathedral. --- (0.41, 0.0, 0.41) University of Oxford The University Church of St Mary the Virgin was used for university ceremonies before the construction of the Sheldonian. --- (0.36, 0.0, 0.36) University of Oxford It is also the chapel of Christ Church at the University of Oxford. --- (0.36, 0.0, 0.36) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The University Church of St Mary the Virgin (St Mary's or SMV for short) is an Oxford church situated on the north side of the High Street. --- (0.35, 0.0, 0.35) University Church of St Mary the Virgin Christ Church, Oxford: more information on the College and the Cathedral --- (0.31, 0.0, 0.31) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral of the Anglican diocese of Oxford, which consists of the counties of Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Berkshire. It is also the chapel of Christ Church at the University of Oxford. --- (0.28, 0.0, 0.28) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Christ Church, Oxford The University Church of St Mary the Virgin (St Mary's or SMV for short) is an Oxford church situated on the north side of the High Street. It is the centre from which the University of Oxford grew and its parish consists almost exclusively of university and college buildings. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) University Church of St Mary the Virgin Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford is unique in combining a college chapel and a cathedral in one foundation. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Oxford Although he had previously studied at Oxford University, Bannister was studying at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in London at the time. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Oxford As well as several famous institutions, the town centre is home to Carfax Tower and the University Church of St Mary the Virgin, both of which offer views over the spires of the city. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Oxford Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral of the Anglican diocese of Oxford, which consists of the counties of Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Berkshire. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford It is also the chapel of Christ Church at the University of Oxford. This dual role as cathedral and college chapel is unique in the Church of England. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford In the west porch are stones from Canterbury Cathedral, Christchurch Priory, Tintern Abbey, Glastonbury Abbey, Herod's Temple, St Paul's Cathedral and Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) ChristChurch Cathedral Christ Church Cathedral uniquely serves as both a college chapel and as a cathedral. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) University of Oxford Christ Church Cathedral probably had at least one ringing bell from its foundation. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Christ Church, Oxford It is necessary to go back to Mary if we want to return to that 'truth about Jesus Christ,' 'truth about the Church' and 'truth about man.'" --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Mary, mother of Jesus The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is, without doubt, the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Mary, mother of Jesus In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is believed, and celebrated with her Dormition, where they believe she died. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Mary, mother of Jesus Its formal title is the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Canterbury Cathedral Although he had previously studied at Oxford University, Bannister was studying at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in London at the time. He later returned to Oxford University and became Master of Pembroke College. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Oxford Oxford has numerous major tourist attractions, many belonging to the university and colleges. As well as several famous institutions, the town centre is home to Carfax Tower and the University Church of St Mary the Virgin, both of which offer views over the spires of the city. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Oxford Christ Church Cathedral is one of the smallest cathedrals in the Church of England. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford This form of the name was adopted to avoid confusion with Christ Church, Oxford (one of the Oxford University colleges) and University of Canterbury, in Christchurch, New Zealand. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Canterbury Christ Church University It is popularly known as the Cathedral Church of Christ Marina, and is the oldest Anglican cathedral in the Church of Nigeria. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos Duns Scotus' teaching is commemorated with a monument in the University Church of St. Mary. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) University of Oxford Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Christ Church, Oxford This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Christ Church, Oxford Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! Might get into Loughborough, in a bad year." --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Christ Church, Oxford Queen Mary I of England, and later James I of England, also increased Christ Church's endowment. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Originally the Priory Church of St Frideswide, the building was extended and incorporated into the structure of the Cardinal's College shortly before its refounding as Christ Church in 1546, since when it has functioned as the cathedral of the Diocese of Oxford. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Oxford Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford is unique in combining a college chapel and a cathedral in one foundation. Originally the Priory Church of St Frideswide, the building was extended and incorporated into the structure of the Cardinal's College shortly before its refounding as Christ Church in 1546, since when it has functioned as the cathedral of the Diocese of Oxford. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Oxford Christ Church Picture Gallery holds a collection of over 200 old master paintings. The University also has an archive at the Oxford University Press Museum. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Oxford Canterbury Christ Church Students’ Union is based at the St George's Centre in Canterbury. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Canterbury Christ Church University The pipework and case of this organ are now in St Mary's Church, Penzance, Cornwall. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The Cathedral Church of Christ Marina, Lagos is an Anglican cathedral on Lagos Island, Lagos, Nigeria. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos Iconic university buildings include the Radcliffe Camera, the Sheldonian Theatre used for music concerts, lectures, and university ceremonies, and the Examination Schools, where examinations and some lectures take place. The University Church of St Mary the Virgin was used for university ceremonies before the construction of the Sheldonian. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) University of Oxford Christ Church (Latin: Ædes Christi, the temple or house, ædēs, of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Christ Church, Oxford In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. The cathedral also hosts visiting choirs from time to time during vacations. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Christ Church, Oxford "There is one oddity; Rudge. Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Christ Church, Oxford The triumphal arch is illustrated with magnificent mosaics depicting different scenes of Christ and the Virgin Mary. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Santa Maria Maggiore (See Dean of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin for more on the deans and the preceding priors.) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church Cathedral, Houston is the cathedral church for the Episcopal Diocese of Texas. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) John Wain, undergraduate at St John's and later Professor of Poetry at Oxford University 1973–78. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Oxford As well as several famous institutions, the town centre is home to Carfax Tower and the University Church of St Mary the Virgin, both of which offer views over the spires of the city. Many tourists shop at the historic Covered Market. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Oxford Canterbury Christ Church University (CCCU) is a public university located in Canterbury, Kent, England. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Canterbury Christ Church University By 1843, Newman became disillusioned with Anglicanism and resigned from St Mary's, later joining the Roman Catholic Church. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) University Church of St Mary the Virgin ChristChurch Cathedral, also called Christ Church Cathedral and (rarely) Cathedral Church of Christ, is a deconsecrated Anglican cathedral in the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) ChristChurch Cathedral The origins of the cathedral date back to the plans of the Canterbury Association, which aimed to build a city around a central cathedral and college in the Canterbury region, based on the English model of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) ChristChurch Cathedral There is a cenotaph erected as a memorial of him. It is popularly known as the Cathedral Church of Christ Marina, and is the oldest Anglican cathedral in the Church of Nigeria. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos The cathedral is also used as one of the venues for the graduation ceremonies of the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Canterbury Cathedral Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church, Oxford The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church, Oxford Though nominally claiming Christ Church as his cathedral, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin uses St Mary's in Marlborough Street in Dublin as his pro-cathedral (acting cathedral).Christ Church Cathedral is located in the former heart of medieval Dublin, next to Wood Quay at the end of Lord Edward Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin King Edward VI formally suppressed St Patrick's Cathedral and, on 25 April 1547, its silver, jewels and ornaments were transferred to the dean and chapter of Christ Church. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The cathedral is supported by the voluntary Friends of Christ Church Cathedral, founded in 1929, and working with the cathedral authorities in a variety of ways. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In 1971, the general synod, following prior discussions, created the "Christ Church Cathedral Group of Parishes", uniting what were then four parishes with the cathedral, whose dean is their rector: St Andrew's, St Werburgh's, All Saints (Grangegorman) and St Michan's, St Paul and St Mary. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The school opened in 1986 on the campus of Christ Church Cathedral with a philosophy grounded in the teachings of Maria Montessori. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) Art galleries in Oxford include the Ashmolean Museum, the Christ Church Picture Gallery, and Modern Art Oxford. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Oxford Whether Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, however, although a reference to the death of Mary are made in Munificentissimus Deus. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is believed, and celebrated with her Dormition, where they believe she died. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mary, mother of Jesus On 22 August 2018, an agreement was signed that established a company, Christ Church Cathedral Reinstatement Limited, to reinstate the cathedral. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) ChristChurch Cathedral In February 1990, the Russian Orthodox Church received permission from the Soviet government to rebuild the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour However, the shoes were later named Oxfords after Oxford University. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Oxford shoe Duns Scotus' teaching is commemorated with a monument in the University Church of St. Mary. Religious reformer John Wycliffe was an Oxford scholar, for a time Master of Balliol College. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) University of Oxford [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mary Magdalene Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, it is one of the larger colleges of the University of Oxford with 629 students in 2016. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford The majority are departments of the University of Oxford. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Oxford Canterbury Christ Church University is a member of the Cathedrals Group (officially the Council of Church Universities and Colleges or CCUC). --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Canterbury Christ Church University Each year, for over 20 years, the sports clubs at Canterbury Christ Church University and the University of Kent go head to head in Canterbury Varsity. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Canterbury Christ Church University Located in the grounds of St Patrick's Church, the small yellow cottage now known as Mary MacKillop cottage was originally built as a miner's house around 1870. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Mary MacKillop Oxford has also produced at least 12 saints, 19 English cardinals, and 20 Archbishops of Canterbury, the most recent Archbishop being Rowan Williams, who studied at Wadham College and was later a Canon Professor at Christ Church. Duns Scotus' teaching is commemorated with a monument in the University Church of St. Mary. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) University of Oxford Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church's sister college in the University of Cambridge is Trinity College, Cambridge, founded the same year by Henry VIII. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church, formally titled "The Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Christ in Oxford of the Foundation of King Henry the Eighth", is the only academic institution in the world which is also a cathedral, the seat (cathedra) of the Bishop of Oxford. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Christ Church, Oxford The college choir, however, is always a student-run society, and sings Evensong once a week in term time. In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Christ Church, Oxford The triumphal arch at the head of the nave was at first referred to as the apse arch, but later became known as the triumphal arch. The triumphal arch is illustrated with magnificent mosaics depicting different scenes of Christ and the Virgin Mary. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Santa Maria Maggiore It was finally established by the vice-chancellor, John Fell, Dean of Christ Church, Bishop of Oxford, and Secretary to the Delegates. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Oxford University Press Canterbury Christ Church Students’ Union is based at the St George's Centre in Canterbury. It is a registered charity whose role is to support and represent students studying at Christ Church. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Canterbury Christ Church University However, Calvin firmly rejected the notion that Mary can intercede between Christ and man. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary, mother of Jesus Eastern Orthodox Christianity includes a large number of traditions regarding the Ever-Virgin Mary, the Theotokos. The Orthodox believe that she was and remained a virgin before and after Christ's birth. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary, mother of Jesus In the west porch are stones from Canterbury Cathedral, Christchurch Priory, Tintern Abbey, Glastonbury Abbey, Herod's Temple, St Paul's Cathedral and Christ Church, Oxford. The north wall includes a mural dado of inlaid marble and encaustic tiles, donated by the Cathedral Guild in 1885, which includes fylfot motifs. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) ChristChurch Cathedral The University of Oxford's foundation date is unknown. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) University of Oxford The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford To this day, the acting seat of the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin, St Mary's, is known as a "pro-cathedral" in acknowledgement of the fact that the Holy See claims Christ Church as the rightful seat of the Roman Catholic archbishop. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church became the cathedral of the diocese in 1949. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) Christ Church Cathedral, Houston is the cathedral church for the Episcopal Diocese of Texas. The congregation was established in 1839, when Texas was still an independent republic. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th-century records. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Oxford He later returned to Oxford University and became Master of Pembroke College. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Oxford The University also has an archive at the Oxford University Press Museum. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Oxford The Islamic Azad University also has a campus near Oxford. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Oxford The sweating sickness epidemic in 1517 was particularly devastating to Oxford and Cambridge where it killed half of both cities' populations, including many students and dons. Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford is unique in combining a college chapel and a cathedral in one foundation. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Oxford First among the notable organists of Christ Church Cathedral is the Renaissance composer John Taverner, who was appointed as the first organist by Wolsey in 1526. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Classes were originally held in the priory next to St Martin's Church. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Canterbury Christ Church University St Mary's was the site of the 1555 trial of the Oxford Martyrs, when the bishops Latimer and Ridley and the Archbishop Cranmer, were tried for heresy. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) University Church of St Mary the Virgin These acts may be directed to the Virgin herself, to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and to the Immaculate Conception. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary, mother of Jesus All the member churches of the Anglican Communion affirm in the historic creeds that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, and celebrates the feast days of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary, mother of Jesus Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary, mother of Jesus Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutherans venerate the Virgin Mary. This veneration especially takes the form of prayer for intercession with her Son, Jesus Christ. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary, mother of Jesus There is a long tradition of Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child. The icon of the Virgin Theotokos with Christ is, without doubt, the most venerated icon in the Orthodox Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary, mother of Jesus ChristChurch Cathedral, also called Christ Church Cathedral and (rarely) Cathedral Church of Christ, is a deconsecrated Anglican cathedral in the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. It was built between 1864 and 1904 in the centre of the city, surrounded by Cathedral Square. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) ChristChurch Cathedral In February 1990, the Russian Orthodox Church received permission from the Soviet government to rebuild the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. A temporary cornerstone was laid by the end of the year. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) University of Oxford With the English Reformation and the breaking of communion with the Roman Catholic Church, recusant scholars from Oxford fled to continental Europe, settling especially at the University of Douai. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) University of Oxford The university's professors are collectively referred to as the Statutory Professors of the University of Oxford. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) University of Oxford The University of Oxford is the setting for numerous works of fiction. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) University of Oxford Most of the earliest Church Fathers do not mention Mary Magdalene at all, and those who do mention her usually only discuss her very briefly. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. The rest of the disciples [were offended by it and expressed disapproval]. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene It housed the archbishop's throne, with the altar of St Mary just to the east. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canterbury Cathedral The cathedral is the Regimental Church of the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment. The cathedral is also used as one of the venues for the graduation ceremonies of the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canterbury Cathedral The St Mary Mead of Katherine Grey is in Kent. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) St. Mary Mead Additionally, the Our Lady's Chapel is located in the University Church basement. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Fordham University Church The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford In former times this was done at midnight, signalling the close of all college gates throughout Oxford. Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford According to the Christ Church Cathedral website, in 1562 the nave roof vaulting collapsed and Strongbow's tomb was smashed; the current tomb is a contemporary replacement from Drogheda. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin For most of their common history, both Christ Church and St Patrick's held the status of cathedral for the Dublin diocese, a rare arrangement which only ended following the move to disestablish the Church of Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The consecration and enthronement of the Archbishop of Dublin was to take place at Christ Church – records show that this provision was not always followed, with many archbishops enthroned in both and at least two in St Patrick's only --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The two cathedrals were to act as one, and shared equally in their freedomsThe 1868 Church Commissioners' report proposed making St Patrick's the sole cathedral and reducing Christ Church to a parish church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In 1971, the general synod, following prior discussions, created the "Christ Church Cathedral Group of Parishes", uniting what were then four parishes with the cathedral, whose dean is their rector: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Presently, Christ Church has a baptized membership of more than 3000 communicants. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th-century records. Of the hundreds of aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Oxford Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of University of Oxford. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Oxford University Press The first printer associated with Oxford University was Theoderic Rood. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Oxford University Press Fell's main trustee was the Delegate Henry Aldrich, Dean of Christ Church, who took a keen interest in the decorative work of Oxford's books. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Oxford University Press ChristChurch Cathedral: in New Zealand that was inspired by the Oxford cathedral --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Christ Church Cathedral is one of the smallest cathedrals in the Church of England. The nave, choir, main tower and transepts are late Norman. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford In 1995, the college was awarded the authority by the Privy Council to grant its own degrees for taught courses, upon which the college's name was changed to Canterbury Christ Church University College. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canterbury Christ Church University The Medway campus opened in October 2004 as part of the Universities at Medway partnership, which includes the three universities; Canterbury Christ Church University, the University of Kent and the University of Greenwich. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canterbury Christ Church University It is a registered charity whose role is to support and represent students studying at Christ Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canterbury Christ Church University The influence of the movement spread and affected the practice and spirituality of the Church of England. By 1843, Newman became disillusioned with Anglicanism and resigned from St Mary's, later joining the Roman Catholic Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The Council stated that the Church Fathers "did not hesitate to speak of the holy Virgin as the Mother of God". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary, mother of Jesus Collyridianism had women performing priestly acts, and made bread offerings to the Virgin Mary. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary, mother of Jesus Roman Catholics view Mary as subordinate to Christ, but uniquely so, in that she is seen as above all other creatures. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary, mother of Jesus Collyridianism had women performing priestly acts, and made bread offerings to the Virgin Mary. The group was condemned as heretical by the Roman Catholic Church and was preached against by Epiphanius of Salamis, who wrote about the group in his writings titled Panarion. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary, mother of Jesus Orthodox theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote: "Love and veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the soul of Orthodox piety. A faith in Christ which does not include his mother is another faith, another Christianity from that of the Orthodox church. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary, mother of Jesus The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour (Russian: Храм Христа́ Спаси́теля, tr. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour On 5 December 1931, the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was dynamited and reduced to rubble. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour Oxford is the home of the University of Mississippi, founded in 1848 and commonly known as "Ole Miss". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford, Mississippi Also they [the Cathars] teach in their secret meetings that Mary Magdalene was the wife of Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 22 July. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene And the companion of the saviour [was] Mary Magdalene. [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene The original towers of Christ Church Gate were removed in 1803 and were replaced in 1937. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Canterbury Cathedral Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. Stained glass windows in the cathedral and other buildings are by the Pre-Raphaelite William Morris group with designs by Edward Burne-Jones. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major, feast day --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Maria Maggiore Queen Mary I of England, and later James I of England, also increased Christ Church's endowment. Meanwhile, in 1551, divine service was sung for the first time in Ireland in English instead of Latin. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The school opened in 1986 on the campus of Christ Church Cathedral with a philosophy grounded in the teachings of Maria Montessori. Classrooms include nursery, movement, toddler, primary and kindergarten. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed as an official University sports club in 1921, and traces its history back to a match played against Cambridge in St Moritz, Switzerland in 1885. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford Oxford University Boat Club compete in the world-famous Boat Race. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford In the University's Faculty of Music on St Aldate's is the Bate Collection of Musical Instruments, a collection mostly of instruments from Western classical music, from the medieval period onwards. Christ Church Picture Gallery holds a collection of over 200 old master paintings. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford Art galleries in Oxford include the Ashmolean Museum, the Christ Church Picture Gallery, and Modern Art Oxford. William Turner (aka "Turner of Oxford", 1789–1862), was a watercolourist who painted landscapes in the Oxford area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford The diocese transferred the parish to the Crystal Cathedral campus and renamed it Christ Cathedral Parish. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) He funded schooling at the Press and the endowment of St. Barnabas Church in Oxford. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford University Press The Oxford University Press Museum is located on Great Clarendon Street, Oxford. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Oxford University Press the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. They sing in university term time, at Christmas and Easter, and have an extensive touring and recording programme. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The North Holmes site falls within the St Augustine Abbey element of the Canterbury UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) (the WHS also includes Canterbury Cathedral and St Martin's Church). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Canterbury Christ Church University The station broadcasts shows 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, from two studios, one based at Canterbury Christ Church University's Canterbury Campus and another at the University of Kent. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Canterbury Christ Church University It is the centre from which the University of Oxford grew and its parish consists almost exclusively of university and college buildings. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) University Church of St Mary the Virgin It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutherans venerate the Virgin Mary. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus The Sunday of Orthodoxy directly links the Virgin Mary's identity as Mother of God with icon veneration. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus The Orthodox believe that Mary was instrumental in the growth of Christianity during the life of Jesus, and after his Crucifixion, and Orthodox theologian Sergei Bulgakov has written: "The Virgin Mary is the centre, invisible, but real, of the Apostolic Church." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus This feast is called in older prayer books the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary on 2 February. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus The feast of the St. Mary the Virgin is observed on the traditional day of the Assumption, 15 August. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus Methodists do not have any additional teachings on the Virgin Mary except from what is mentioned in Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus In Isaiah 7:14, it is commonly believed by Christians to be the prophecy of the Virgin Mary referred to in Matthew 1:23. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus The Virgin's popularity increased dramatically from the 12th century, linked to the Vatican's designation of Mary as the mediatrix. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus Virgin birth of Jesus: Mary conceived Jesus by action of the Holy Spirit while remaining a virgin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary "continued a pure and unspotted virgin", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus A faith in Christ which does not include his mother is another faith, another Christianity from that of the Orthodox church. "Although the Catholics and the Orthodox may honor and venerate Mary --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus , they do not view her as divine, nor do they worship her. Roman Catholics view Mary as subordinate to Christ, but uniquely so, in that she is seen as above all other creatures. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus However, she is not considered a "substitute for the One Mediator" who is Christ. " Let Mary be in honor, but let worship be given to the Lord", he wrote. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary, mother of Jesus As ChristChurch Cathedral was inaccessible, Patterson first worked at St Michael and All Angels and then at the Cardboard Cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) ChristChurch Cathedral On 22 August 2018, an agreement was signed that established a company, Christ Church Cathedral Reinstatement Limited, to reinstate the cathedral. Physical works include a combination of repair, restoration and seismic strengthening. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) ChristChurch Cathedral However, on the road from London to Lewes, the mileage is taken from the church door of St Mary-le-Bow. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St Mary-le-Bow Considered the second most important church in the City of London after St Paul's Cathedral, St-Mary-le-Bow was one of the first churches to be rebuilt after the fire by Christopher Wren and his office. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St Mary-le-Bow However, on the road from London to Lewes, the mileage is taken from the church door of St Mary-le-Bow. To note the reference point used, mileposts along the way are marked with the rebus in cast-iron of a bow and four bells. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St Mary-le-Bow Mary Helen MacKillop RSJ (15 January 1842 – 8 August 1909) was an Australian religious sister who has been declared a saint by the Catholic Church, as St Mary of the Cross. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary MacKillop They were based at Kangaroo Point and took the ferry or rowed across the Brisbane River to attend Mass at St Stephen's Cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary MacKillop Oxfords first appeared in Scotland and Ireland, where they are occasionally called Balmorals after Balmoral Castle. However, the shoes were later named Oxfords after Oxford University. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford shoe However, the shoes were later named Oxfords after Oxford University. This shoe style did not appear in North America until the 1800s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford shoe The University of Oxford began to award doctorates for research in the first third of the 20th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University of Oxford Christ Church Picture Gallery holds a collection of over 200 old master paintings. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford The Oxford Union (not to be confused with the Oxford University Student Union) hosts weekly debates and high-profile speakers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University of Oxford Oxford has also produced at least 12 saints, 19 English cardinals, and 20 Archbishops of Canterbury, the most recent Archbishop being Rowan Williams, who studied at Wadham College and was later a Canon Professor at Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University of Oxford The founder of Methodism, John Wesley, studied at Christ Church and was elected a fellow of Lincoln College. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University of Oxford Several of the Caroline Divines e.g. in particular William Laud as President of St. John's and Chancellor of the University, and the Non-Jurors, e.g. Thomas Ken had close Oxford connections. The founder of Methodism, John Wesley, studied at Christ Church and was elected a fellow of Lincoln College. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University of Oxford During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mk 16:9 emphasizes the special role of Mary Magdalene. She is the first to meet the Risen Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, currently Justin Welby, leader of the Church of England and symbolic leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion. Its formal title is the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canterbury Cathedral In that novel, St Mary Mead is home to the book's protagonist Katherine Grey. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Mary Mead They had pages printed by publishers, but no publication agreement was reached; both the Cambridge University Press and the Oxford University Press were approached. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford English Dictionary Then in 1546 the King, who had broken from the Church of Rome and acquired great wealth through the dissolution of the monasteries in England, refounded the college as Christ Church as part of the reorganisation of the Church of England, making the partially demolished priory church the cathedral of the recently created Diocese of Oxford. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford For over four centuries Christ Church admitted men only; the first female students at Christ Church matriculated in 1980. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Midnight has come and the great Christ Church bell And many a lesser bell sound through the room; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The buildings have inspired replicas throughout the world in addition to being featured in films such as Harry Potter and The Golden Compass. This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The adults are made up of lay clerks and choral scholars, or academical clerks. The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. Aside from the director, there is also a sub-organist and two organ scholars. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Phallic architecture, a list of similarly shaped buildings that includes 30 St Mary Axe --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 30 St Mary Axe Christ Church Cathedral, more formally The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, is the cathedral of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the (Anglican) Church of Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church is officially claimed as the seat (cathedra) of both the Church of Ireland and Roman Catholic archbishops of Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church is the only one of the three cathedrals or acting cathedrals which can be seen clearly from the River Liffey. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin This episode ended with a late document of Queen Mary's reign, a deed dated 27 April 1558, comprising a release or receipt by Thomas Leverous, dean, and the chapter of St Patrick's, of the "goods, chattels, musical instruments, etc." belonging to that cathedral and which had been in the possession of the dean and chapter of Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In the 17th century, both parliament and the law courts met in buildings erected alongside Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin As a result, Christ Church is a mixture of surviving medieval and later church building. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin At the west end of the cathedral is a fully integrated stone bridge, leading to the former synod hall, which was built on the site of St Michael's, a prebendal church of Christ Church's which was demolished by Street during his restoration of the cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church had formal precedence, as the mother and senior cathedral of the diocese --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church was to retain the cross, mitre and ring of each deceased Archbishop of Dublin --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The annual consecration of chrism oil for the diocese was to take place at Christ Church --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The dean is appointed by the Archbishop of Dublin and, in an arrangement commenced in 1971, is also incumbent of the Christ Church Cathedral Group of Parishes, the day-to-day care of which is in the hands of a vicar appointed by a special board of patronage. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church has a long musical history, with a well-known cathedral choir and a girls' choir. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin St Andrew's, St Werburgh's, All Saints (Grangegorman) and St Michan's, St Paul and St Mary. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church Cathedral probably had at least one ringing bell from its foundation. By 1440 there were known to be three great bells in the tower; however on 11 March 1597, an accidental gunpowder explosion on one of the nearby quays damaged the tower and caused the bells to crack. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church's first rector was the Rev’d Charles Gillett of Connecticut. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) Christ Church became the cathedral of the diocese in 1949. Presently, Christ Church has a baptized membership of more than 3000 communicants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford On 6 May 1954, Roger Bannister, a 25-year-old medical student, ran the first authenticated sub-four-minute mile at the Iffley Road running track in Oxford. Although he had previously studied at Oxford University, Bannister was studying at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in London at the time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford Charles Williams, editor at Oxford University Press. Oxford appears in the following works: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford The 12-foot-tall (3.7 m) statue of the Virgin Mary is capped by a spiraling canopy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press As a result, his will left the partners' stock and lease in trust to Oxford University, and charged them with keeping together "my founding Materialls of the Press. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press This was named in honour of Oxford University's Chancellor, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press To distinguish the two offices, London books were labelled "Oxford University Press" publications, while those from Oxford were labelled "Clarendon Press" books. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press Since 2001, Oxford University Press has financially supported the Clarendon bursary, a University of Oxford graduate scholarship scheme. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press It was finally established by the vice-chancellor, John Fell, Dean of Christ Church, Bishop of Oxford, and Secretary to the Delegates. Fell regarded Laud as a martyr, and was determined to honour his vision of the Press. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Oxford University Press The college was granted the university status in 2005, which recognised the successful delivery of degree programmes and adopted a new name, Canterbury Christ Church University (CCCU).The Archbishop of Canterbury was later appointed, by virtue of office, as chancellor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canterbury Christ Church University Canterbury Christ Church College (CCCC) was founded in 1962 by the Church of England in order to meet the needs of church schools at a time of teacher shortage. Classes were originally held in the priory next to St Martin's Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canterbury Christ Church University Classes were originally held in the priory next to St Martin's Church. The founding principal was the Revd Frederic Mason. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canterbury Christ Church University The current vicar of St Mary's is the Revd Dr William Lamb. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University Church of St Mary the Virgin During university terms services are enhanced by the choir of the University Church and by many notable visiting preachers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) University Church of St Mary the Virgin In the Catholic Church, Mary is accorded the title "Blessed" (beata, μακάρια) in recognition of her assumption to Heaven and her capacity to intercede on behalf of those who pray to her. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "The Church's devotion to the Blessed Virgin is intrinsic to Christian worship. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus Popes have issued a number of Marian encyclicals and Apostolic Letters to encourage devotions to and the veneration of the Virgin Mary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus Eastern Orthodox Christianity includes a large number of traditions regarding the Ever-Virgin Mary, the Theotokos. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus The Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary is kept in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, on 8 December. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus So you have the picture of God as angry and Christ as judge; Mary shows to Christ her breast and Christ shows his wounds to the wrathful Father. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus The Virgin Mary holds a singularly exalted place in Islam, and she is considered by the Quran to have been the greatest woman in the history of humankind. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus In Egypt, the veneration of Mary had started in the 3rd century and the term "Theotokos" was used by Origen, the Alexandrian Father of the Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus According to Sabrina Higgins, "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus Transformations in visual depictions of the Virgin from the 13th to 15th centuries mirror her "social" standing within the Church as well as in society. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus Orthodox theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote: "Love and veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the soul of Orthodox piety. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus The title "Mother of God" (Theotokos) for Mary was confirmed by the First Council of Ephesus, held at the Church of Mary in 431. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "The Church's devotion to the Blessed Virgin is intrinsic to Christian worship. "For centuries, Catholics have performed acts of consecration and entrustment to Mary at personal, societal and regional levels. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus These acts may be directed to the Virgin herself, to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and to the Immaculate Conception. In Catholic teachings, consecration to Mary does not diminish or substitute the love of God, but enhances it, for all consecration is ultimately made to God. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus Theologian Karl Barth wrote that "the heresy of the Catholic Church is its Mariology". Some early Protestants venerated Mary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus All the member churches of the Anglican Communion affirm in the historic creeds that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, and celebrates the feast days of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple. This feast is called in older prayer books the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary on 2 February. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus She will intercede for me with the Son, and the Son with the Father, who will listen to the Son. So you have the picture of God as angry and Christ as judge; Mary shows to Christ her breast and Christ shows his wounds to the wrathful Father. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary, mother of Jesus During the Henry II period, the church, known as “St Mary de Arcubus”, was rebuilt and was famed for the arches (“bows”) of stone. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary-le-Bow St Mary-le-Bow ministers to the financial industry and livery companies of the City of London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary-le-Bow Through this connection the Rector of St Mary-le-Bow is the Chaplain of the Britain–Australia Society. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary-le-Bow The church with its steeple had been a landmark of London. Considered the second most important church in the City of London after St Paul's Cathedral, St-Mary-le-Bow was one of the first churches to be rebuilt after the fire by Christopher Wren and his office. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary-le-Bow In 1985, the Sisters of St Joseph approached one of Australia's foremost rose growers to develop the Mary MacKillop Rose. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary MacKillop She is the first Australian to be recognised by the Catholic Church as a saint. Mary MacKillop is the patron saint of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary MacKillop It is popularly known as the Cathedral Church of Christ Marina, and is the oldest Anglican cathedral in the Church of Nigeria. At various times in its history, the cathedral was the seat of the archbishop of the Province of West Africa, the seat of the archbishop and primate of All Nigeria and the seat of the archbishop of the Ecclesiastical Province of Lagos. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos In view of the allotment of the site on which the Cathedral of Christ the Savior is located, for the construction of the Palace of Soviets, the said temple should be liquidated and demolished. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour The lower church was consecrated to the Saviour's Transfiguration in 1997, and the completed Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was consecrated on the Transfiguration Day, 19 August 2000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour On 5 December 1931, the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was dynamited and reduced to rubble. It took more than a year to clear the debris from the site. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour Oxfords were derived from the Oxonian, a half-boot with side slits that gained popularity at Oxford University in 1800. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford shoe Oxford is home to the National Center for Natural Products Research at the University of Mississippi's School of Pharmacy. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford, Mississippi After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford As of October 2020, 72 Nobel laureates and more than 50 world leaders have been affiliated with the University of Oxford. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford There are also various collegiate-owned open spaces open to the public, including Bagley Wood and most notably Christ Church Meadow. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The central University's endowment, along with some of the colleges', is managed by the university's wholly owned endowment management office, Oxford University Endowment Management, formed in 2007. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The current campaign, its second, was launched in May 2008 and is entitled "Oxford Thinking – The Campaign for the University of Oxford". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford Oxford University spends over £6 million per year on outreach programs to encourage applicants from underrepresented demographics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The Clarendon Scholarship is principally funded by Oxford University Press in association with colleges and other partnership awards. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The Oxford University Press is the world's second oldest and currently the largest university press by the number of publications. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The University of Oxford's foundation date is unknown. It is known that teaching at Oxford existed in some form as early as 1096, but it is unclear when a university came into being. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford The university's professors are collectively referred to as the Statutory Professors of the University of Oxford. They are particularly influential in the running of the university's graduate programmes. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Oxford Apart from the Crucifixion, Mary was often shown in scenes of the Passion of Jesus, when mentioned in the Gospels, such as the Crucifixion, Christ Carrying the Cross and Noli me --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene [...] Hence she came to be called "the apostle of the Apostles". Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene His intent was to establish St. Joseph's Seminary following the model of Mount Saint Mary's University, of which he was an alumnus. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fordham University The University of Oxford, the only other tertiary institution in the world that uses a belt in its seal, maintains that without its belt, their seal is not official. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fordham University The abbey is part of the World Heritage Site of Canterbury, along with the cathedral and the ancient Church of St Martin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canterbury Cathedral Canterbury Cathedral receives no government or state funding and only occasional grants from English Heritage. It is not funded by the Church of England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canterbury Cathedral The Fordham University Church is a Catholic (Jesuit) church located at Fordham University in the Bronx, New York City. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fordham University Church The six windows in the nave of the University Church depict the Four Evangelists, St. Peter, and St. Paul. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fordham University Church The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford English Dictionary The third edition of the dictionary most likely will appear only in electronic form; the Chief Executive of Oxford University Press has stated that it is unlikely that it will ever be printed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford English Dictionary In 1878, Oxford University Press agreed with Murray to proceed with the massive project; the agreement was formalized the following year. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford English Dictionary The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Sir John Bell and Sir Tim Berners-Lee are both members of the governing body of Christ Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. King Charles I made the Deanery his palace and held his Parliament in the Great Hall during the English Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. The cathedral choir comprises twelve adults and sixteen boys. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The processions began in different parts of the city, but rather than finally converging on St Peter's, who was always the traditional protector of Rome, he instead ordered the processions to converge on Mary Major instead. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Maria Maggiore Christ Church also contains the largest cathedral crypt (63.4m long) in Britain or Ireland, constructed in 1172–1173. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church has a range of historical archives and has arranged for a number of publications over the years, as well as maintaining a website since the 1990s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Many Episcopal churches in Houston and the surrounding area were founded as missions of Christ Church, such as Trinity Church, Houston, founded in 1893. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) Everett Titcomb composed the anthem "Behold Now, Praise the Lord" for the rededication and centennial of Christ Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) "Be it known to all those present and future that we, the citizens of Oxford of the Commune of the City and of the Merchant Guild have given, and by this, our present charter, confirm the donation of the island of Midney with all those things pertaining to it, to the Church of St. Mary at Oseney and to the canons serving God in that place. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford Oxford University Press, a department of the University of Oxford, is based in the city, although it no longer operates its own paper mill and printing house. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford Oxford University (The Blues) and Oxford Brookes University (The Bulls) both compete in the rugby league BUCS university League. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between "town and gown" has often been uneasy – as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford During the First World War, the population of Oxford changed. The number of University members was significantly reduced as students, fellows and staff enlisted. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford There is a senior/adults’ team and a junior/children's team. The Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed as an official University sports club in 1921, and traces its history back to a match played against Cambridge in St Moritz, Switzerland in 1885. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford On June 9, 2012, the diocese announced that the building would be known as "Christ Cathedral" when it became the diocese's new cathedral, and that Fr. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Under the terms, Crystal Cathedral Ministries was allowed to lease most of the campus including the church for up to three years; the diocese offered Crystal Cathedral Ministries a longer-term lease at nearby St. Callistus Church. The diocese transferred the parish to the Crystal Cathedral campus and renamed it Christ Cathedral Parish. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the vice-chancellor known as the delegates of the press. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford University Press The main choir, the Christ Church Cathedral Choir, consists of 12 adults (6 professional "lay-clerks" and 6 student "academical clerks") and 16 choristers (boys aged 7 – 13), and is directed by Steven Grahl. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The Church of Our Lady Seat of Wisdom, also known as Newman University Church or Catholic University Church, is a Catholic church in Dublin, Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Newman University Church In 2009 the university built Christ Church Sports Centre which houses health and fitness facilities for students and staff. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canterbury Christ Church University Rob Beckett – Comedian studied Film, Radio and Television Studies at Christ Church between 2004 and 2007 --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canterbury Christ Church University The campus buildings are largely named after former Archbishops of Canterbury. The North Holmes site falls within the St Augustine Abbey element of the Canterbury UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) (the WHS also includes Canterbury Cathedral and St Martin's Church). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canterbury Christ Church University Following his denunciation of the spiritual apathy and sloth of the senior members of the University in his sermon "Scriptural Christianity" on 24 August 1744, he was never asked to preach there again — "I preached, I suppose, the last time at St Mary's," he wrote in his journal, "Be it so; I have fully delivered my soul. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The Metzler organ replaced this instrument's successor — an organ by J. W. Walker & Sons that was contained in the restored old case, originally by Smith but extensively rebuilt in a 'gothic' style in 1827 by Plowman. The pipework and case of this organ are now in St Mary's Church, Penzance, Cornwall. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The current vicar of St Mary's is the Revd Dr William Lamb. The Revd Susannah Reide is the Precentor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University Church of St Mary the Virgin Developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca, it is given by intramuscular injection, using as a vector the modified chimpanzee adenovirus ChAdOx1. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine The Oxford University and AstraZeneca collaboration was seen as having the potential as being a low-cost vaccine with no onerous storage requirements. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine This document, informally known as the "Seattle Statement", is not formally endorsed by either the Catholic Church or the Anglican Communion, but is viewed by its authors as the beginning of a joint understanding of Mary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus The Church of the Seat of Mary in Palestine was built shortly after the introduction of Marian liturgy at the council of Ephesus, in 456, by a widow named Ikelia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus The Council stated that the Church Fathers "did not hesitate to speak of the holy Virgin as the Mother of God". Some Marian titles have a direct scriptural basis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Not only do Roman Catholics have more theological doctrines and teachings that relate to Mary, but they have more festivals, prayers, devotional, and venerative practices than any other group. The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: "The Church's devotion to the Blessed Virgin is intrinsic to Christian worship. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Five of the twelve Great Feasts in Orthodoxy are dedicated to Mary. The Sunday of Orthodoxy directly links the Virgin Mary's identity as Mother of God with icon veneration. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Mary is not merely the instrument, but the direct positive condition of the Incarnation, its human aspect. Christ could not have been incarnate by some mechanical process, violating human nature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus John Calvin remarked, "It cannot be denied that God in choosing and destining Mary to be the Mother of his Son, granted her the highest honor." However, Calvin firmly rejected the notion that Mary can intercede between Christ and man. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Mary's special position within God's purpose of salvation as "God-bearer" is recognised in a number of ways by some Anglican Christians. All the member churches of the Anglican Communion affirm in the historic creeds that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, and celebrates the feast days of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus The feast of the St. Mary the Virgin is observed on the traditional day of the Assumption, 15 August. The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin is kept on 8 September. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin is kept on 8 September. The Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary is kept in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, on 8 December. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. In addition, some Methodists also hold the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary as a pious opinion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus Similarly Theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote that the Orthodox view Mary as "superior to all created beings" and "ceaselessly pray for her intercession". However, she is not considered a "substitute for the One Mediator" who is Christ. " --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary, mother of Jesus In 1858 the project was approved by the diocese and a design was commissioned from George Gilbert Scott, a prolific British architect known for his Gothic Revival churches and public buildings (he later built St Pancras railway station in London and St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral in Edinburgh). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) ChristChurch Cathedral Mary Helen MacKillop RSJ (15 January 1842 – 8 August 1909) was an Australian religious sister who has been declared a saint by the Catholic Church, as St Mary of the Cross. Of Scottish descent, she was born in Melbourne but is best known for her activities in South Australia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary MacKillop During her time in New Zealand with the Sisters of St Joseph, a school was established in Arrowtown, near Queenstown, South Island. Located in the grounds of St Patrick's Church, the small yellow cottage now known as Mary MacKillop cottage was originally built as a miner's house around 1870. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary MacKillop The meeting decided to build the Palace on the territory of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior: “The place for the construction of the Palace of Soviets to choose the area of the Cathedral of Christ in the mountains. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour In France, Oxfords are known as Richelieu. Oxfords were derived from the Oxonian, a half-boot with side slits that gained popularity at Oxford University in 1800. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford shoe More than 3,000 journalists came to Oxford on September 26, 2008, to cover the first presidential debate of 2008, which was held at the University of Mississippi. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford, Mississippi Downtown Oxford sits on one of these ridges and the University of Mississippi sits on another one, while the main commercial corridors on either side of the city sit in valleys. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford, Mississippi The city operates public transportation under the name Oxford-University Transit (OUT), with bus routes throughout the city and University of Mississippi campus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford, Mississippi He quotes the Oxford University Commissioners in 1852 stating: "The education imparted at Oxford was not such as to conduce to the advancement in life of many persons, except those intended for the ministry." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford The list of distinguished scholars at the University of Oxford is long and includes many who have made major contributions to politics, the sciences, medicine, and literature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a "public university" in the sense that it receives some public money from the government, but it is a "private university" in the sense that it is entirely self-governing and, in theory, could choose to become entirely private by rejecting public funds. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford Oxford is regularly ranked within the top 5 universities in the world and is currently ranked first in the world in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, as well as the Forbes's World University Rankings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford Much attention is given to the termly intercollegiate rowing regattas: Christ Church Regatta, Torpids, and Summer Eights. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in continuous operation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford It is known that teaching at Oxford existed in some form as early as 1096, but it is unclear when a university came into being. It grew quickly from 1167 when English students returned from the University of Paris. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford He quotes the Oxford University Commissioners in 1852 stating: "The education imparted at Oxford was not such as to conduce to the advancement in life of many persons, except those intended for the ministry." Nevertheless, Walpole argued: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford In 1974, Brasenose, Jesus, Wadham, Hertford and St Catherine's became the first previously all-male colleges to admit women. The majority of men's colleges accepted their first female students in 1979, with Christ Church following in 1980, and Oriel becoming the last men's college to admit women in 1985. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford This role incorporates student discipline and complaints, as well as oversight of the university's proceedings. The university's professors are collectively referred to as the Statutory Professors of the University of Oxford. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford Oxford also offers the Clarendon Scholarship which is open to graduate applicants of all nationalities. The Clarendon Scholarship is principally funded by Oxford University Press in association with colleges and other partnership awards. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford In the Faculty of Music on St Aldate's is the Bate Collection of Musical Instruments, a collection mostly of instruments from Western classical music, from the medieval period onwards. Christ Church Picture Gallery holds a collection of over 200 old master paintings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Oxford The literacy rate in the British Virgin Islands is high at 98%.There is a University of the West Indies Open campus in the territory. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British Virgin Islands Mary is likewise portrayed as a reformed prostitute in Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's 1971 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The early notion of Mary Magdalene as a sinner and adulteress was reflected in Western medieval Christian art, where she was the most commonly depicted female figure after the Virgin Mary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene As the swooning Virgin Mary became more common, generally occupying the attention of John, the unrestrained gestures of Magdalene increasingly represented the main display of the grief of the spectators. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America honors Mary Magdalene on July 22 as an Apostle, albeit as a Lesser Festival. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Also they [the Cathars] teach in their secret meetings that Mary Magdalene was the wife of Christ. She was the Samaritan woman to whom He said, "Call thy husband". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Fordham University Press, the university's publishing house and an affiliate of Oxford University Press, primarily publishes humanities and social sciences research. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fordham University Before the English Reformation the cathedral was part of a Benedictine monastic community known as Christ Church, Canterbury, as well as being the seat of the archbishop. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral During the reforms of Dunstan, archbishop from 960 until his death in 988, a Benedictine abbey named Christ Church Priory was added to the cathedral. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral Priors of Christ Church Priory included John of Sittingbourne (elected 1222, previously a monk of the priory) and William Chillenden, (elected 1264, previously monk and treasurer of the priory). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral Included in that campaign was the destruction of the statue of Christ in the Christ Church Gate and the demolition of the wooden gates by a group led by Richard Culmer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral Augustine founded the cathedral in 597 and dedicated it to Jesus Christ, the Holy Saviour. Augustine also founded the Abbey of St Peter and Paul outside the city walls. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral The original towers of Christ Church Gate were removed in 1803 and were replaced in 1937. The statue of Christ was replaced in 1990 with a bronze sculpture of Christ by Klaus Ringwald. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Cathedral St Mary Mead is a fictional village created by popular crime fiction author Dame Agatha Christie. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Mary Mead The neighbourhood of St Mary Mead is served by trains arriving at Paddington railway station, indicating a location west or south-west of London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Mary Mead In the BBC Miss Marple television adaptations the Hampshire village of Nether Wallop was used as the setting for St Mary Mead. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Mary Mead The Fordham University Church was originally built in 1845 as a seminary chapel and parish church for the surrounding community of Old Fordham Village in The Bronx. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fordham University Church In 1896, Bradley moved to Oxford University. Gell continued harassing Murray and Bradley with his business concerns—containing costs and speeding production—to the point where the project's collapse seemed likely. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford English Dictionary Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, it is one of the larger colleges of the University of Oxford with 629 students in 2016. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church consists of the dean and chapter of the cathedral, together with the "Students of Christ Church", who are not junior members but rather the equivalent of the fellows of the other colleges. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. The Dean lives on site in a grand sixteenth-century house in the main quadrangle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Croquet is played in the Masters' Garden in the summer. The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford After plans to build the 92-story Millennium Tower were dropped, 30 St Mary Axe was designed by Norman Foster and Arup Group. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 30 St Mary Axe In obedience to a vision of the Virgin Mary which they had the same night, the couple built a basilica in honour of Mary on the very spot which was covered with snow. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Maria Maggiore The mosaics found in Santa Maria Maggiore are one of the oldest representations of the Virgin Mary in Christian Late Antiquity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Maria Maggiore " The mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave in Santa Maria Maggiore gave a model for the future representations of the Virgin Mary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Maria Maggiore The column in the Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore celebrates the famous icon of the Virgin Mary now enshrined in the Borghese Chapel of the basilica. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Maria Maggiore It is situated in Dublin, Ireland, and is the elder of the capital city's two medieval cathedrals, the other being St Patrick's Cathedral. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In the 1180s, Strongbow and other Norman magnates helped to fund a complete rebuilding of Christ Church, initially a wooden building, in stone, comprising the construction of a choir, choir aisles and transepts, the crypt and chapels to St. Edmund and St. Mary and St. Lô. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In 1539, King Henry VIII converted the priory to a cathedral with a dean and chapter and worked to ensure Christ Church adhered to his new church structure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Street built the adjacent Synod Hall, taking in the last remnant of St Michael and All Angels's Church, including the bell tower. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church is the centre of worship for the united dioceses and holds notable annual events such as the Citizenship Service. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Photographs of the exterior show the extent of the Victorian rebuilding: Archbishop de St Paul's 14th-century cathedral, in particular the "long choir", was almost entirely destroyed. As a result, Christ Church is a mixture of surviving medieval and later church building. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin According to the Christ Church Cathedral website, in 1562 the nave roof vaulting collapsed and Strongbow's tomb was smashed; the current tomb is a contemporary replacement from Drogheda. As is well documented from a number of sources, the tomb of Strongbow was used as the venue for legal agreements from the 16th to the 18th centuries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church's first rector was the Rev’d Charles Gillett of Connecticut. He led the congregation to build its first church building in 1845. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) There was a collegiate or tutorial model based on the system at University of Oxford where teaching and organization was decentralized and knowledge was more of a generalist nature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University The first universities were created in Europe by Catholic Church monks. The University of Bologna (Università di Bologna), founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University In the 19th century, the controversy surrounding the Oxford Movement in the Anglican Church drew attention to the city as a focus of theological thought. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford Companies often draw their teaching staff from the pool of Oxford University students and graduates, and, especially for EFL education, use their Oxford location as a selling point. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford There are two universities in Oxford, the University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University, as well as the specialist further and higher education institution Ruskin College that is an Affiliate of the University of Oxford. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford The University also has an archive at the Oxford University Press Museum. Other museums and galleries in Oxford include Modern Art Oxford, the Museum of Oxford, the Oxford Castle, and The Story Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford The Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed as an official University sports club in 1921, and traces its history back to a match played against Cambridge in St Moritz, Switzerland in 1885. The club currently competes in Checking Division 1 of the British Universities Ice Hockey Association. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford Following the completion of construction, the building was consecrated and formally renamed "Christ Cathedral", the seat of the Diocese of Orange, on July 17, 2019. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The congregation moved to the present Christ Cathedral campus in 1961, erecting a building now known as the Arboretum, designed by architect Richard Neutra, as its initial sanctuary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The series plan was expanded by adding the similarly inexpensive but high-quality "Oxford Church Music" and "Tudor Church Music" (taken over from the Carnegie UK Trust); all these series continue today. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford University Press In 1713, Aldrich also oversaw the Press moving to the Clarendon Building. This was named in honour of Oxford University's Chancellor, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford University Press The Oxford University Press Museum is located on Great Clarendon Street, Oxford. Visits must be booked in advance and are led by a member of the archive staff. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford University Press To distinguish the two offices, London books were labelled "Oxford University Press" publications, while those from Oxford were labelled "Clarendon Press" books. This labelling ceased in the 1970s, when the London office of OUP closed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Oxford University Press In addition to its main Canterbury Campus, the university occupies other sites around the city including Sidney Cooper Gallery, Hall Place Enterprise Centre, Christ Church Sports Centre, Augustine House and the St George's Centre. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Christ Church University Each year, for over 20 years, the sports clubs at Canterbury Christ Church University and the University of Kent go head to head in Canterbury Varsity. In 2018, Varsity sports included football, rugby, lacrosse, netball, volleyball, badminton, swimming, dance, basketball, hockey, tennis and trampolining. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Christ Church University The station holds a Community FM licence and it was the first student-led community radio station to be award this licence. The station broadcasts shows 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, from two studios, one based at Canterbury Christ Church University's Canterbury Campus and another at the University of Kent. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canterbury Christ Church University Early provosts of the college were inducted into their stall in the church, and until 1642 fellows were required to attend services on Sundays and holy days. St Mary's was the site of the 1555 trial of the Oxford Martyrs, when the bishops Latimer and Ridley and the Archbishop Cranmer, were tried for heresy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The University of the Virgin Islands provides higher education leading to associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees, with campuses on St. Thomas and St. Croix. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Virgin Islands Hyppolitus of Thebes says that Mary lived for 11 years after the death of her son Jesus, dying in 41 AD.The earliest extant biographical writing on Mary is Life of the Virgin attributed to the 7th century saint Maximus the Confessor, which portrays her as a key element of the early Christian Church after the death of Jesus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus The Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus has a more central role in Roman Catholic teachings and beliefs than in any other major Christian group. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus The Theotokia (hymns to the Theotokos) are an essential part of the Divine Services in the Eastern Church and their positioning within the liturgical sequence effectively places the Theotokos in the most prominent place after Christ. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Within the Orthodox tradition, the order of the saints begins with: the Theotokos, Angels, Prophets, Apostles, Fathers and Martyrs, giving the Virgin Mary precedence over the angels. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Hear us, Mary, for thy Son so honors thee that he can refuse thee nothing. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus That's the kind of thing this comely bride, the wisdom of reason cooks up: Mary is the mother of Christ, surely Christ will listen to her; Christ is a stern judge, therefore I will call upon St. George and St. Christopher. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary "continued a pure and unspotted virgin", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus According to the 4th century heresiologist Epiphanius of Salamis, the Virgin Mary was worshipped as a mother goddess in the Christian sect of Collyridianism, which was found throughout Arabia sometime during the 300s AD. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus It is included in the two most widely used Christian creeds, which state that Jesus "was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary" (the Nicene Creed, in what is now its familiar form) and the Apostles' Creed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Following Jerome, the Church Fathers interpreted the words translated as "brother" and "sister" as referring to close relatives. The hagiography of Mary and the Holy Family can be contrasted with other material in the Gospels. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus "For centuries, Catholics have performed acts of consecration and entrustment to Mary at personal, societal and regional levels. These acts may be directed to the Virgin herself, to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and to the Immaculate Conception. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus However, Calvin firmly rejected the notion that Mary can intercede between Christ and man. Although Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli honored Mary as the Mother of God in the 16th century, they did so less than Martin Luther. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Methodists do not have any additional teachings on the Virgin Mary except from what is mentioned in Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds. As such, Methodists generally accept the doctrine of the virgin birth, but reject the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus The Virgin Mary holds a singularly exalted place in Islam, and she is considered by the Quran to have been the greatest woman in the history of humankind. The Islamic scripture recounts the Divine Promise given to Mary as being: "Mary! --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus The Middle Ages saw many legends about Mary, her parents, and even her grandparents. The Virgin's popularity increased dramatically from the 12th century, linked to the Vatican's designation of Mary as the mediatrix. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Hence, it was an expression of devotion and glorification to swathe the Virgin in gowns of blue. Transformations in visual depictions of the Virgin from the 13th to 15th centuries mirror her "social" standing within the Church as well as in society. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Roman Catholics view Mary as subordinate to Christ, but uniquely so, in that she is seen as above all other creatures. Similarly Theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote that the Orthodox view Mary as "superior to all created beings" and "ceaselessly pray for her intercession". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus Roman Catholic Church has dogmatically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. Whether Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, however, although a reference to the death of Mary are made in Munificentissimus Deus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary, mother of Jesus In 1858 the project was approved by the diocese and a design was commissioned from George Gilbert Scott, a prolific British architect known for his Gothic Revival churches and public buildings (he later built St Pancras railway station in London and St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral in Edinburgh). Scott never visited Christchurch, but handed over the oversight of the project to Robert Speechly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) ChristChurch Cathedral As ChristChurch Cathedral was inaccessible, Patterson first worked at St Michael and All Angels and then at the Cardboard Cathedral. Patterson died of natural causes on 20 July 2014. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) ChristChurch Cathedral The sound of the bells of St Mary's is prominent in the story of Dick Whittington and His Cat, in which the bells are credited with having persuaded him to turn back from Highgate and remain in London to become Lord Mayor. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St Mary-le-Bow In 1914, a stone from the crypt of St Mary-le-Bow church was placed in Trinity Church, New York, in commemoration of the fact that King William III granted the vestry of Trinity Church the same privileges as St Mary-le-Bow vestry, the forerunner of lower-tier local government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St Mary-le-Bow "On January 16th, 1897, the founder of the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, Mother Mary of the Cross, arrived in Petersburg to take over the school. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary MacKillop As a result, her remains were exhumed and transferred on 27 January 1914 to a vault before the altar of the Virgin Mary in the newly built memorial chapel in Mount Street, North Sydney. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary MacKillop She was canonised on 17 October 2010, during a public ceremony in St Peter's Square at the Vatican. She is the first Australian to be recognised by the Catholic Church as a saint. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary MacKillop For several months, urgent work was carried out to dismantle the building of the temple, the remains of which it was eventually decided to be blown up. On 5 December 1931, the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was dynamited and reduced to rubble. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour Oxfords were derived from the Oxonian, a half-boot with side slits that gained popularity at Oxford University in 1800. Unlike early shoes, Oxfords were cut smaller than the foot. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford shoe University-Oxford Airport is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) northwest of the central business district of Oxford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford, Mississippi L.Q.C. Lamar (1825–1893), U.S. senator and supreme court justice, resided in Oxford, where he served as professor of mathematics at the University of Mississippi, farmed, and practiced law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford, Mississippi There were also 25 women students living at home or with friends in 1879, a group which evolved into the Society of Oxford Home-Students and in 1952 into St Anne's College. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford The majority of men's colleges accepted their first female students in 1979, with Christ Church following in 1980, and Oriel becoming the last men's college to admit women in 1985. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford In 2016, the University of Oxford gave 59% of offers to UK students to students from state schools, while about 93% of all UK pupils and 86% of post-16 UK pupils are educated in state schools. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford With the English Reformation and the breaking of communion with the Roman Catholic Church, recusant scholars from Oxford fled to continental Europe, settling especially at the University of Douai. The method of teaching at Oxford was transformed from the medieval scholastic method to Renaissance education, although institutions associated with the university suffered losses of land and revenues. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford The Oxford Union (not to be confused with the Oxford University Student Union) hosts weekly debates and high-profile speakers. There have historically been elite invitation-only societies such as the Bullingdon Club. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Oxford According to historian Michael Haag, these changes were a quiet admission from the Vatican that the Church's previous teaching of Mary Magdalene as a repentant whore had been wrong. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene According to Robert Kiely, "No figure in the Christian Pantheon except Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and John the Baptist has inspired, provoked, or confounded the imagination of painters more than the Magdalene". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene As Mary of Bethany, she is shown as present at the Resurrection of Lazarus, her brother, and in the scene with Jesus and her sister Martha, which began to be depicted often in the seventeenth century, as in Christ in the House of Martha and Mary by Velázquez. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The Eastern Orthodox Church has never identified Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany or the "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus in Luke 7:36–50 and has always taught that Mary was a virtuous woman her entire life, even before her conversion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene `Abdu'l-Bahá said that Mary traveled to Rome and spoke before the Emperor Tiberius, which is presumably why Pilate was later recalled to Rome for his cruel treatment of the Jews (a tradition also attested to in the Eastern Orthodox Church). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. This event, in a sense, crowns all that has been said previously about Christ entrusting divine truths to women as well as men. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene An afternoon concert is performed at the University Church on the Rose Hill campus, and an evening concert is performed at the St. Paul the Apostle Church adjacent to the Lincoln Center campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fordham University It is not funded by the Church of England. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Cathedral The 1993 excavations revealed that the new western apse was polygonal, and flanked by hexagonal towers, forming a westwork. It housed the archbishop's throne, with the altar of St Mary just to the east. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Cathedral It housed the archbishop's throne, with the altar of St Mary just to the east. At about the same time that the westwork was built, the arcade walls were strengthened and towers added to the eastern corners of the church. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Cathedral Once it has been fully established as Miss Marple's home village, St Mary Mead is supposed to be in South East England, 25 miles (40 kilometres) from London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St. Mary Mead In 1878, Oxford University Press agreed with Murray to proceed with the massive project; the agreement was formalized the following year. 20 years after its conception, the dictionary project finally had a publisher. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford English Dictionary During the 1870s, the Philological Society was concerned with the process of publishing a dictionary with such an immense scope. They had pages printed by publishers, but no publication agreement was reached; both the Cambridge University Press and the Oxford University Press were approached. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford English Dictionary Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings including Tom Tower (designed by Sir Christopher Wren), Tom Quad (the largest quadrangle in Oxford), and the Great Dining Hall which was also the seat of the parliament assembled by King Charles I during the English Civil War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Until the later 19th century, the Students differed from fellows in that they had no governing powers in their own college, as those resided solely with the dean and chapter. The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The college gardens, quadrangles, and meadow are Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford It is now agreed that the present church was built under Celestine I (422–432) not under Pope Sixtus III (432–440), who consecrated the basilica on the 5th of August 434 to the Virgin Mary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Maria Maggiore Church building in Rome in this period, as exemplified in Saint Mary Major, was inspired by the idea of Rome being not just the centre of the world of the Roman Empire, as it was seen in the classical period, but the centre of the Christian world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Maria Maggiore In obedience to a vision of the Virgin Mary which they had the same night, the couple built a basilica in honour of Mary on the very spot which was covered with snow. The legend is first reported only after AD 1000. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Maria Maggiore This work is overseen by the "Honorary Keeper of the Archives" and the "Web and e-mail Editor", along with the honorary secretary of Christ Church Publications, Ltd. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin As Christ Church receives no regular state support, while it welcomes all guests and has a chapel for those who simply wish to pray, there are fees for sightseeing, which can also be paid in combination with the purchase of a ticket for the neighbouring "Dublinia" exhibition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church is officially claimed as the seat (cathedra) of both the Church of Ireland and Roman Catholic archbishops of Dublin. In law, and in fact, it has been the cathedral of only the Church of Ireland's Archbishop of Dublin since the English Reformation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In the 17th century, both parliament and the law courts met in buildings erected alongside Christ Church. King James II himself presided over a state opening of parliament in that location. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The baptistry was built in its place. Street built the adjacent Synod Hall, taking in the last remnant of St Michael and All Angels's Church, including the bell tower. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church also contains the largest cathedral crypt (63.4m long) in Britain or Ireland, constructed in 1172–1173. Having been renovated in the early 2000s, it is now open for visitors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin St Andrew's, St Werburgh's, All Saints (Grangegorman) and St Michan's, St Paul and St Mary. The parishes are overseen day-to-day by a vicar appointed by a special board of patronage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Everett Titcomb composed the anthem "Behold Now, Praise the Lord" for the rededication and centennial of Christ Church. Christ Church became the cathedral of the diocese in 1949. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The first universities in Europe with a form of corporate/guild structure were the University of Bologna (1088), the University of Paris (c.1150, later associated with the Sorbonne), and the University of Oxford (1167). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University There was a collegiate or tutorial model based on the system at University of Oxford where teaching and organization was decentralized and knowledge was more of a generalist nature. There were also universities that combined these models, using the collegiate model but having a centralized organization. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University The city is home to the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world, and has buildings in every style of English architecture from late Anglo-Saxon. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford Other landscape features and places of interest covered include Cutteslowe Park and the mini railway attraction, the University Parks, Hogacre Common Eco Park, numerous sports grounds, Aston's Eyot, St Margaret's Church and well, and Wolvercote Common and community orchard. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Oxford Brookes University. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford It recently built a new research annexe; its staff have been involved with the teaching of anthropology at Oxford since its foundation, when as part of his donation General Augustus Pitt Rivers stipulated that the University establish a lectureship in anthropology. The Museum of the History of Science is housed on Broad St in the world's oldest-surviving purpose-built museum building. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford There are two universities in Oxford, the University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University, as well as the specialist further and higher education institution Ruskin College that is an Affiliate of the University of Oxford. The Islamic Azad University also has a campus near Oxford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford Oxford University Boat Club compete in the world-famous Boat Race. Since 2007 the club has been based at a training facility and boathouse in Wallingford, south of Oxford, after the original boathouse burnt down in 1999. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford The formal dedication Mass was held on July 17, 2019; at that time, Vann solemnly dedicated the former Crystal Cathedral building as Christ Cathedral and the building canonically assumed that name. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) On June 9, 2012, the diocese announced that the building would be known as "Christ Cathedral" when it became the diocese's new cathedral, and that Fr. Christopher Smith will be rector and episcopal vicar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Records of surviving work are few, and Oxford did not put its printing on a firm footing until the 1580s; this succeeded the efforts of Cambridge University, which had obtained a licence for its press in 1534. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford University Press Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. The Press is located on Walton Street, Oxford, opposite Somerville College, in the inner suburb of Jericho. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford University Press By contracting out its printing and binding operations, the modern OUP publishes some 6,000 new titles around the world each year. The first printer associated with Oxford University was Theoderic Rood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford University Press The main choir, the Christ Church Cathedral Choir, consists of 12 adults (6 professional "lay-clerks" and 6 student "academical clerks") and 16 choristers (boys aged 7 – 13), and is directed by Steven Grahl. The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Since September 2019, the Cathedral has also had a choir for girls aged 7-14 called Frideswide Voices. The choristers are drawn from schools around Oxford, and sing evensong once a week. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Canterbury Christ Church College (CCCC) was founded in 1962 by the Church of England in order to meet the needs of church schools at a time of teacher shortage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Christ Church University Canterbury Christ Church is organised into academic faculties that contain schools and centres for teaching and research as well as professional service departments that provide central services --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Christ Church University Christ Church Students' Union also supports over 100 student-led clubs and societies including societies related to courses offered at the university along with cultural, political, recreational and sports societies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Christ Church University The University's Canterbury Campus, at North Holmes Road, is built on land which was once used for orchards and domestic buildings of the adjacent St Augustine's Abbey, part of Canterbury's World Heritage Site. The campus is a low-rise development centred on a courtyard adjacent to the chapel of Christ in Majesty. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Christ Church University Most of these performances are open to the public. In addition to its main Canterbury Campus, the university occupies other sites around the city including Sidney Cooper Gallery, Hall Place Enterprise Centre, Christ Church Sports Centre, Augustine House and the St George's Centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canterbury Christ Church University St Mary's possesses an eccentric baroque porch, designed by Nicholas Stone, facing High Street, and a spire which is claimed by some church historians to be one of the most beautiful in England. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University Church of St Mary the Virgin St Mary's was the site of the 1555 trial of the Oxford Martyrs, when the bishops Latimer and Ridley and the Archbishop Cranmer, were tried for heresy. The martyrs were imprisoned at the former Bocardo Prison near St Michael at the Northgate in Cornmarket Street and subsequently burnt at the stake just outside the city walls to the north. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University Church of St Mary the Virgin There are two Sunday services, at 8:30am and at 10:30 am. During university terms services are enhanced by the choir of the University Church and by many notable visiting preachers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University Church of St Mary the Virgin On 23 November 2020, the first interim data was released by Oxford University and AstraZeneca from the vaccine's ongoing Phase III trials. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine On 25 March 2021, the University of Oxford announced the start of a phase I clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of an intranasal spray method. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine In Christianity, Mary is commonly referred to as the Virgin Mary, in accordance with the belief that the Holy Spirit impregnated her, thereby conceiving her first-born son Jesus miraculously, without sexual relations with her betrothed/husband Joseph, "until her son [Jesus] was born" (Matthew 1:25). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary is a dogma of the Catholic Church, in the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches alike, and is believed as well by the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church, and parts of the Anglican Communion and Continuing Anglican movement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Orthodox believe that she was and remained a virgin before and after Christ's birth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Orthodox does not venerate Mary as conceived immaculate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus For instance, as of the 19th century, following the Oxford Movement, Anglo-Catholics frequently pray the Rosary, the Angelus, Regina caeli, and other litanies and anthems of Mary reminiscent of Catholic practices. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Indeed, shouldn't we also honor the holy mother of Christ? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus God has commanded that we should honor the parents; therefore I will call upon Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Certain Lutheran churches such as the Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church continue to venerate Mary and the saints in the same manner that Roman Catholics do, and hold all Marian dogmas as part of their faith. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus In paintings, Mary is traditionally portrayed in blue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus "Although the Catholics and the Orthodox may honor and venerate Mary --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus However, she is not considered a "substitute for the One Mediator" who is Christ. " --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Let Mary be in honor, but let worship be given to the Lord", he wrote. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Anglican position towards Mary is in general more conciliatory than that of Protestants at large and in a book he wrote about praying with the icons of Mary, Rowan Williams, former archbishop of Canterbury, said: "It is not only that we cannot understand Mary without seeing her as pointing to Christ; we cannot understand Christ without seeing his attention to Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Assumption: Mary was taken bodily into heaven either at, or before, her death. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The term Ever-Virgin (Greek ἀειπάρθενος) is applied in this case, stating that Mary remained a virgin for the remainder of her life, making Jesus her biological and only son, whose conception and birth are held to be miraculous. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Mary has been portrayed in various films and on television, including: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus This veneration especially takes the form of prayer for intercession with her Son, Jesus Christ. Additionally, it includes composing poems and songs in Mary's honor, painting icons or carving statues of her, and conferring titles on Mary that reflect her position among the saints. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus In the Catholic Church, Mary is accorded the title "Blessed" (beata, μακάρια) in recognition of her assumption to Heaven and her capacity to intercede on behalf of those who pray to her. There is a difference between the usage of the term "blessed" as pertaining to Mary and its usage as pertaining to a beatified person. " --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Orthodox believe that she was and remained a virgin before and after Christ's birth. The Theotokia (hymns to the Theotokos) are an essential part of the Divine Services in the Eastern Church and their positioning within the liturgical sequence effectively places the Theotokos in the most prominent place after Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Within the Orthodox tradition, the order of the saints begins with: the Theotokos, Angels, Prophets, Apostles, Fathers and Martyrs, giving the Virgin Mary precedence over the angels. She is also proclaimed as the "Lady of the Angels". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The views of the Church Fathers still play an important role in the shaping of Orthodox Marian perspective. However, the Orthodox views on Mary are mostly doxological, rather than academic: they are expressed in hymns, praise, liturgical poetry, and the veneration of icons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Anglicans also celebrate in the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin on 31 May, though in some provinces the traditional date of 2 July is kept. The feast of the St. Mary the Virgin is observed on the traditional day of the Assumption, 15 August. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary is kept in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, on 8 December. In certain Anglo-Catholic parishes this feast is called the Immaculate Conception. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus For instance, as of the 19th century, following the Oxford Movement, Anglo-Catholics frequently pray the Rosary, the Angelus, Regina caeli, and other litanies and anthems of Mary reminiscent of Catholic practices. Conversely, Low-church Anglicans rarely invoke the Blessed Virgin except in certain hymns, such as the second stanza of Ye Watchers and Ye Holy Ones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus Are we to worship only Christ? Indeed, shouldn't we also honor the holy mother of Christ? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The Council of Ephesus itself was held at a church in Ephesus which had been dedicated to Mary about a hundred years before. The Church of the Seat of Mary in Palestine was built shortly after the introduction of Marian liturgy at the council of Ephesus, in 456, by a widow named Ikelia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The adoption of the mother of Jesus as a virtual goddess may represent a reintroduction of aspects of the worship of Isis. According to Sabrina Higgins, "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus According to Sabrina Higgins, "When looking at images of the Egyptian goddess Isis and those of the Virgin Mary, one may initially observe iconographic similarities. These parallels have led many scholars to suggest that there is a distinct iconographic relationship between Isis and Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus "Although the Catholics and the Orthodox may honor and venerate Mary , they do not view her as divine, nor do they worship her. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The title "Mother of God" (Theotokos) for Mary was confirmed by the First Council of Ephesus, held at the Church of Mary in 431. The Council decreed that Mary is the Mother of God because her son Jesus is one person who is both God and man, divine and human. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus The doctrines of the Assumption or Dormition of Mary relate to her death and bodily assumption to heaven. Roman Catholic Church has dogmatically defined the doctrine of the Assumption, which was done in 1950 by Pope Pius XII in Munificentissimus Deus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary, mother of Jesus It was built between 1864 and 1904 in the centre of the city, surrounded by Cathedral Square. It became the cathedral seat of the Bishop of Christchurch, who is in the New Zealand tikanga of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) ChristChurch Cathedral The Cathedral Square Amendment Ordinance 1859, formalised this change. In 1858 the project was approved by the diocese and a design was commissioned from George Gilbert Scott, a prolific British architect known for his Gothic Revival churches and public buildings (he later built St Pancras railway station in London and St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral in Edinburgh). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) ChristChurch Cathedral There is a memorial in the church to the first Governor in Australia, Admiral Arthur Phillip, who was born in the parish. Through this connection the Rector of St Mary-le-Bow is the Chaplain of the Britain–Australia Society. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St Mary-le-Bow In December 1869, MacKillop and several other sisters travelled to Brisbane to establish the order in Queensland. They were based at Kangaroo Point and took the ferry or rowed across the Brisbane River to attend Mass at St Stephen's Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary MacKillop They were based at Kangaroo Point and took the ferry or rowed across the Brisbane River to attend Mass at St Stephen's Cathedral. Two years later, she was in Port Augusta, South Australia for the same purpose. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary MacKillop Things named for her include the electoral district of MacKillop in South Australia and several MacKillop colleges. In 1985, the Sisters of St Joseph approached one of Australia's foremost rose growers to develop the Mary MacKillop Rose. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary MacKillop On 24 February 1930, the economic department of the OGPU sent a letter to the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee asking to remove the golden domes of the Christ the Saviour Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour The meeting decided to build the Palace on the territory of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior: “The place for the construction of the Palace of Soviets to choose the area of the Cathedral of Christ in the mountains. Moscow with the demolition of the church itself and the necessary expansion of the area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour In this year the Moskva Pool was demolished and the cathedral reconstruction commenced. The lower church was consecrated to the Saviour's Transfiguration in 1997, and the completed Cathedral of Christ the Saviour was consecrated on the Transfiguration Day, 19 August 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour The meaning of "Oxford" and "Balmoral" may vary geographically. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford shoe Oxford shoes are also known by their variation, or style. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford shoe They named it "Oxford", intending to promote it as a center of learning in the Old Southwest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi The city is served by two public school districts, Oxford School District and Lafayette County School District, and by three private schools: Oxford University School, Regents School of Oxford and Magnolia Montessori. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi Oxford is partially the home of the main campus of the University of Mississippi, known as "Ole Miss" (much of the campus is in University, Mississippi, an unincorporated enclave surrounded by the city), and of the Lafayette-Yalobusha Center of Northwest Mississippi Community College. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi The airport is owned by the University of Mississippi. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi As of the 2010 US Census, the population was 18,916; the Census Bureau estimated the city's 2019 population at 28,122. Oxford is the home of the University of Mississippi, founded in 1848 and commonly known as "Ole Miss". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi Bob Dylan wrote a song called "Oxford Town", which was included on his album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan. The song was about the violent events surrounding the admission of James Meredith into the University of Mississippi in 1962. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi University-Oxford Airport is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) northwest of the central business district of Oxford. The airport is owned by the University of Mississippi. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford, Mississippi It is sponsored by the Society of Mary and is associated with the Diocese of Cleveland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School The university was granted a royal charter in 1248 during the reign of King Henry III.After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled from the violence to Cambridge, later forming the University of Cambridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford Most of Oxford's graduate colleges were founded as coeducational establishments in the 20th century, with the exception of St Antony's, which was founded as a men's college in 1950 and began to accept women only in 1962. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford The Sutton Trust maintains that Oxford University and Cambridge University recruit disproportionately from 8 schools which accounted for 1,310 Oxbridge places during three years, contrasted with 1,220 from 2,900 other schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford In 2016, Oxford University announced that it is to run its first free online economics course as part of a "massive open online course" (Mooc) scheme, in partnership with a US online university network. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford Music, drama, and other arts societies exist both at the collegiate level and as university-wide groups, such as the Oxford University Dramatic Society and the Oxford Revue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford Of all the post-war prime ministers, only Gordon Brown was educated at a university other than Oxford (the University of Edinburgh), while Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and John Major never attended a university. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two English ancient universities share many common features and are jointly referred to as Oxbridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford The University of Oxford began to award doctorates for research in the first third of the 20th century. The first Oxford DPhil in mathematics was awarded in 1921.The mid-20th century saw many distinguished continental scholars, displaced by Nazism and communism, relocating to Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford The university was one of the first in the UK to raise money through a major public fundraising campaign, the Campaign for Oxford. The current campaign, its second, was launched in May 2008 and is entitled "Oxford Thinking – The Campaign for the University of Oxford". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford This outside interest reflects the importance of rowing to many of those within the university. Much attention is given to the termly intercollegiate rowing regattas: Christ Church Regatta, Torpids, and Summer Eights. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford John Colet, Christian humanist, Dean of St Paul's, and friend of Erasmus, studied at Magdalen College. Several of the Caroline Divines e.g. in particular William Laud as President of St. John's and Chancellor of the University, and the Non-Jurors, e.g. Thomas Ken had close Oxford connections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford The founder of Methodism, John Wesley, studied at Christ Church and was elected a fellow of Lincoln College. Britain's first woman to be an ordained minister, Constance Coltman, studied at Somerville College. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Oxford The name was later shortened to "the Virgin Islands". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Virgin Islands Only Virgin Islanders are permitted to work as taxi drivers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British Virgin Islands It is extremely common for students from the British Virgin Islands to travel overseas for tertiary education, either to the University of the West Indies, or to colleges and universities in either the United Kingdom, United States or Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British Virgin Islands The narrator commends Mary stating "she spoke this utterance as a woman who understood everything." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene At another point, he tells her, "Well done, Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene His sister, his mother and his companion were each a Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene And the companion of the saviour [was] Mary Magdalene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mary cries tears of joy and, after taking it, she lies down and dies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene I am glad and blythe that St Jerome should say so". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene " Elsewhere it said of the Roman liturgy of July 22 that "it will make mention neither of Mary of Bethany nor of the sinful woman of Luke 7:36–50, but only of Mary Magdalene, the first person to whom Christ appeared after his resurrection". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Other isolated depictions occur, but, from the thirteenth century, additions to the Virgin Mary and John as the spectators at the Crucifixion become more common, with Mary Magdalene as the most frequently found, either kneeling at the foot of the cross clutching the shaft, sometimes kissing Christ's feet, or standing, usually at the left and behind Mary and John, with her arms stretched upwards towards Christ in a gesture of grief, as in a damaged painting by Cimabue in the upper church at Assisi of c. 1290. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exed, "Christ is risen!" --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Because of Mary Magdalene's position as an apostle, though not one of those who became official witnesses to the resurrection, the Catholic Church honoured her by reciting the Gloria on her feast day – the only female saint so honoured apart from Mary, the mother of Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene She is the first to meet the Risen Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The monk and historian Domenico Cavalca (c. 1270 – 1342), citing Jerome, suggested that Mary Magdalene was betrothed to John the Evangelist: "I like to think that the Magdalene was the spouse of John, not affirming it... I am glad and blythe that St Jerome should say so". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Apart from the Crucifixion, Mary was often shown in scenes of the Passion of Jesus, when mentioned in the Gospels, such as the Crucifixion, Christ Carrying the Cross and Noli me Tangere, but usually omitted in other scenes showing the Twelve Apostles, such as the Last Supper. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The Eastern Orthodox Church has never identified Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany or the "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus in Luke 7:36–50 and has always taught that Mary was a virtuous woman her entire life, even before her conversion. They have never celebrated her as a penitent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The campus is home to several structures on the National Register of Historic Places, such as the University Church built in 1845 as a seminary chapel and parish church for the surrounding community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fordham University The campus is home to several structures on the National Register of Historic Places, such as the University Church built in 1845 as a seminary chapel and parish church for the surrounding community. It contains the altar from Old St. Patrick's Cathedral, as well as stained glass windows given to the university by King Louis Philippe I of France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fordham University This was later rededicated to St Augustine himself and was for many centuries the burial place of the successive archbishops. The abbey is part of the World Heritage Site of Canterbury, along with the cathedral and the ancient Church of St Martin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Cathedral Later, in 1343, Prior Hathbrand gave bells dedicated to Jesus and St Dunstan. At this time the bells in campanile were rehung and their names recorded as "Jesus", "Dunstan", "Mary", "Crundale", "Elphy" (Ælfheah) and "Thomas". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Cathedral Miss Marple's St Mary Mead is described in The Murder at the Vicarage as being in the fictional county of Downshire, but in the later novel The Body in the Library Downshire has become Radfordshire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead In the BBC Miss Marple TV adaptation of Nemesis, a letter from Mr Rafiel's solicitors indicate that St Mary Mead is located in the (also fictional) county of Middleshire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead In that novel, St Mary Mead is home to the book's protagonist Katherine Grey. The village was first mentioned in a Miss Marple book in 1930, when it was the setting for the first Marple novel, The Murder at the Vicarage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead The neighbourhood of St Mary Mead is served by trains arriving at Paddington railway station, indicating a location west or south-west of London. It has been suggested that Market Basing is Basingstoke and Danemouth is Bournemouth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead It has been suggested that Market Basing is Basingstoke and Danemouth is Bournemouth. In the BBC Miss Marple television adaptations the Hampshire village of Nether Wallop was used as the setting for St Mary Mead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead In the BBC Miss Marple television adaptations the Hampshire village of Nether Wallop was used as the setting for St Mary Mead. Brackhampton could be Bracknell, just north of Basingstoke. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Mary Mead The Fordham University Church is a Catholic (Jesuit) church located at Fordham University in the Bronx, New York City. Originally constructed in 1845, the church was initially used as a seminary for the community, and later became part of the university in 1859. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fordham University Church –Sh, St, and W–We. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford English Dictionary The University of Waterloo, in Canada, volunteered to design the database. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford English Dictionary A. Walton Litz, an English professor at Princeton University who served on the Oxford University Press advisory council, was quoted in Time as saying "I've never been associated with a project, I've never even heard of a project, that was so incredibly complicated and that met every deadline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford English Dictionary In the late 1870s, Furnivall and Murray met with several publishers about publishing the dictionary. In 1878, Oxford University Press agreed with Murray to proceed with the massive project; the agreement was formalized the following year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford English Dictionary That turned out not to be so, and Philip Gell of the OUP forced the promotion of Murray's assistant Henry Bradley (hired by Murray in 1884), who worked independently in the British Museum in London beginning in 1888. In 1896, Bradley moved to Oxford University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford English Dictionary In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years, the choir have commissioned recorded works by contemporary composers such as John Tavener, William Mathias and Howard Goodall, also patron of Christ Church Music Society. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Prominent philosophers including John Locke, John Rawls, A. J. Ayer, Gilbert Ryle, Michael Dummett, John Searle and Daniel Dennett studied at Christ Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, it is one of the larger colleges of the University of Oxford with 629 students in 2016. It is also among the wealthiest colleges with an endowment of £577.6m as of 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford There is a college lending library that supplements the university libraries (many of which are non-lending). Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford 30 St Mary Axe (known previously as the Swiss Re Building), informally known as The Gherkin, is a commercial skyscraper in London's primary financial district, the City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 30 St Mary Axe Santa Maria Maggiore, one of the first churches built in honour of the Virgin Mary, was erected in the immediate aftermath of the Council of Ephesus of 431, which proclaimed Mary Mother of God. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Maria Maggiore Certainly, the atmosphere that generated the council gave rise also the mosaics that adorn the interior of the dedication: "whatever the precise connection was between council and church it is clear that the planners of the decoration belong to a period of concentrated debates on nature and status of the Virgin and incarnate Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Maria Maggiore The magnificent mosaics of the nave and triumphal arch, seen as "milestones in the depiction" of the Virgin, depict scenes of her life and that of Christ, but also scenes from the Old Testament: Moses striking the Red Sea, and Egyptians drowning in the Red Sea. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Maria Maggiore Another panel is known as the Adoration of the Magi and this mosaic depicts Infant Christ and The Virgin and the arrival of the three wise men, "mosaics illustrating Christ's first coming and his youth covered the triumphal arch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Maria Maggiore Of the four old Celtic Christian churches reputed to have existed around Dublin, only one, dedicated to St. Martin of Tours, lay within the walls of the Viking city, and so Christ Church was one of just two churches for the whole city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin the stocks, formerly in Christ Church Place, made in 1670 and used for the punishment of offenders before the Court of the Dean's Liberty (the small area under the cathedral's exclusive civic authority), moved here in 1870 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Street built the adjacent Synod Hall, taking in the last remnant of St Michael and All Angels's Church, including the bell tower. The synod house is linked to the cathedral by Street's iconic covered footbridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin A firefighter sprayed down the ornately carved rood screen to prevent its destruction, and it survived with only minor damage. Everett Titcomb composed the anthem "Behold Now, Praise the Lord" for the rededication and centennial of Christ Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The earliest universities were developed under the aegis of the Latin Church by papal bull as studia generalia and perhaps from cathedral schools. It is possible, however, that the development of cathedral schools into universities was quite rare, with the University of Paris being an exception. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University There were universities that had a system of faculties whose teaching addressed a very specific curriculum; this model tended to train specialists. There was a collegiate or tutorial model based on the system at University of Oxford where teaching and organization was decentralized and knowledge was more of a generalist nature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University Oxford's second university, Oxford Brookes University, formerly the Oxford School of Art, then Oxford Polytechnic, based at Headington Hill, was given its charter in 1991 and for ten years has been voted the best new university in the UK. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford There is a long history of brewing in Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford The University of Oxford maintains the largest university library system in the UK, and, with over 11 million volumes housed on 120 miles (190 km) of shelving, the Bodleian group is the second-largest library in the UK, after the British Library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford It recently built a new research annexe; its staff have been involved with the teaching of anthropology at Oxford since its foundation, when as part of his donation General Augustus Pitt Rivers stipulated that the University establish a lectureship in anthropology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford In the University's Faculty of Music on St Aldate's is the Bate Collection of Musical Instruments, a collection mostly of instruments from Western classical music, from the medieval period onwards. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford The M40 meets the A34 to the north of Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Lewis Carroll (real name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson), author of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was a Student and Mathematical Lecturer of Christ Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Joseph Haydn was awarded an honorary doctorate by Oxford University in 1791, an event commemorated by three concerts of his music at the Sheldonian Theatre, directed by the composer and from which his Symphony No. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford 92 earned the nickname of the "Oxford" Symphony. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Oxford University Cricket Club is Oxford's most famous club with more than 300 Oxford players gaining international honours, including Colin Cowdrey, Douglas Jardine and Imran Khan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford The presence of the university has also led to Oxford becoming a centre for the education industry. Companies often draw their teaching staff from the pool of Oxford University students and graduates, and, especially for EFL education, use their Oxford location as a selling point. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Oxford is home to many museums, galleries, and collections, most of which are free of admission charges and are major tourist attractions. The majority are departments of the University of Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Oxford Cavaliers, who were formed in 1996, compete at the next level, the Conference League South. Oxford University (The Blues) and Oxford Brookes University (The Bulls) both compete in the rugby league BUCS university League. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford Until 2013, the building was the principal place of worship for Crystal Cathedral Ministries (now Shepherd's Grove), a congregation of the Reformed Church in America, founded in 1955 by Robert H. Schuller. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Under the terms, Crystal Cathedral Ministries was allowed to lease most of the campus including the church for up to three years; the diocese offered Crystal Cathedral Ministries a longer-term lease at nearby St. Callistus Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Church officials said that they had been trying to negotiate payments but after several suits were filed and writs of attachment were granted the church had to declare bankruptcy. The church received offers from a real estate investment group and nearby Chapman University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The shrine of Our Lady of La Vang was installed on the grounds in 2021. The 12-foot-tall (3.7 m) statue of the Virgin Mary is capped by a spiraling canopy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) By this time, Oxford also had a London warehouse for Bible stock in Paternoster Row, and in 1880 its manager Henry Frowde (1841–1927) was given the formal title of Publisher to the University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press "I do not think the University can produce enough books to ruin us," he remarked. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press It is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press. It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the vice-chancellor known as the delegates of the press. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press They are headed by the secretary to the delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press After Rood, printing connected with the university remained sporadic for over half a century. Records of surviving work are few, and Oxford did not put its printing on a firm footing until the 1580s; this succeeded the efforts of Cambridge University, which had obtained a licence for its press in 1534. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press Yate and Jenkins predeceased Fell, leaving him with no obvious heir to oversee the print shop. As a result, his will left the partners' stock and lease in trust to Oxford University, and charged them with keeping together "my founding Materialls of the Press. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press Fell's main trustee was the Delegate Henry Aldrich, Dean of Christ Church, who took a keen interest in the decorative work of Oxford's books. He and his colleagues presided over the end of Parker and Guy's lease, and a new arrangement in 1691 whereby the Stationers leased the whole of Oxford's printing privilege, including its unsold scholarly stock. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press Even so, Combe earned a fortune through his shares in the business and the acquisition and renovation of the bankrupt paper mill at Wolvercote. He funded schooling at the Press and the endowment of St. Barnabas Church in Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press The label "Clarendon Press" took on a new meaning when OUP began publishing books through its London office in the early 20th century. To distinguish the two offices, London books were labelled "Oxford University Press" publications, while those from Oxford were labelled "Clarendon Press" books. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford University Press First among the notable organists of Christ Church Cathedral is the Renaissance composer John Taverner, who was appointed as the first organist by Wolsey in 1526. Other organists (and directors of the choir) have included Basil Harwood, Thomas Armstrong, W. H. Harris, Simon Preston, Francis Grier, Nicholas Cleobury and Stephen Darlington. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford She suggested Virgin – as they were all new to business – like "virgins". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Virgin Records The University's Canterbury Campus, at North Holmes Road, is built on land which was once used for orchards and domestic buildings of the adjacent St Augustine's Abbey, part of Canterbury's World Heritage Site. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Christ Church University In 2000, Canterbury Christ Church acquired the lease of the Sidney Cooper Gallery in Canterbury city centre, originally established as an art school by the noted cattle painter Thomas Sidney Cooper in 1868. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Christ Church University The North Holmes site falls within the St Augustine Abbey element of the Canterbury UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) (the WHS also includes Canterbury Cathedral and St Martin's Church). The university includes an orchard containing local varieties of apple, a physic garden, and the growing of hops that are used to produce an annual brew of green hop beer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Christ Church University It is a registered charity whose role is to support and represent students studying at Christ Church. It offers a range of support and advice services and runs campaigns throughout the academic to promote student health and wellbeing, sustainability and equality and diversity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canterbury Christ Church University In the early days of Oxford University, the church was adopted as the first building of the university, congregation met there from at least 1252, and by the early 13th century it was the seat of university government and was used for lectures and the award of degrees. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University Church of St Mary the Virgin who on Mary I's instructions, spelled out the reasons why he must die. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University Church of St Mary the Virgin This project was cut short by the fall of Laud and the outbreak of the English Civil War, but after the Restoration it was revived and carried through by John Fell, Dean of Christ Church, who commissioned Christopher Wren to erect what became the Sheldonian Theatre. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The vaccine arose from a collaboration between Oxford University's Jenner Institute and Vaccitech, a private company spun off from the university, with financing from Oxford Sciences Innovation, Google Ventures, and Sequoia Capital, among others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine The first batch of the COVID-19 vaccine produced for clinical testing was developed by Oxford University's Jenner Institute and the Oxford Vaccine Group in collaboration with Italian manufacturer Advent Srl located in Pomezia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine Also, AstraZeneca and Serum Institute of India reached a licensing agreement to independently supply 1 billion doses of the Oxford University vaccine to middle- and low-income countries, including India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine Mary also has the highest position in Islam among all women. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus In the Revelation to John,[12:1,5-6] Mary is never explicitly identified as the "woman clothed with the sun". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The New Testament tells little of Mary's early history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Jerome identifies Mary of Clopas as the sister of Mary, mother of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus After about three months, Mary returned to her own house.[Lk 1:56–57] --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Some speculate that the "elect lady" mentioned in 2 John 1:1 might be Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus According to ancient Jewish custom, Mary could have been betrothed at about 12. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus There is a difference between the usage of the term "blessed" as pertaining to Mary and its usage as pertaining to a beatified person. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus In Catholic teachings, consecration to Mary does not diminish or substitute the love of God, but enhances it, for all consecration is ultimately made to God. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Five of the twelve Great Feasts in Orthodoxy are dedicated to Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The Orthodox view Mary as "superior to all created beings", although not divine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus As such, the designation of Saint to Mary as Saint Mary is not appropriate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus While in the temple, Mary was miraculously fed by an angel, until she was 12 years old. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus At that point, an angel told Zachariah to betroth Mary to a widower in Israel, who would be indicated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus More recently, Sergei Bulgakov expressed the Orthodox sentiments towards Mary as follows: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Christ could not have been incarnate by some mechanical process, violating human nature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus They share the belief that Mary is the mother of Jesus and "blessed among women"[Luke 1:42] but they generally do not agree that Mary is to be venerated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Martin Luther wrote that: "Mary is full of grace, proclaimed to be entirely without sin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin is kept on 8 September. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The purpose of the society is to foster devotion to Mary among Anglicans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Historically, there has been enough common ground between Roman Catholics and Anglicans on Marian issues that in 2005, a joint statement called Mary: grace and hope in Christ was produced through ecumenical meetings of Anglicans and Roman Catholic theologians. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus He held fast to the belief that Mary was a perpetual virgin and Mother of God. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Important to him was the belief that Mary and the saints do live on after death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Nontrinitarians, such as Unitarians, Christadelphians, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Latter Day Saints also acknowledge Mary as the biological mother of Jesus Christ, but most reject any immaculate conception and do not recognize Marian titles such as "Mother of God". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus However, the Talmud does not mention Mary by name, and is considerate rather than only polemic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The Islamic scripture recounts the Divine Promise given to Mary as being: "Mary! --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Mary holds a singularly distinguished and honored position among women in the Quran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Then Imran related the story to his wife, Hannah, the mother of Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus When Allah bestowed Jesus to Mary, he fulfilled his promise to Imran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The Baháʼí Faith venerates Mary as the mother of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The Council of Ephesus itself was held at a church in Ephesus which had been dedicated to Mary about a hundred years before. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The cult of Mary was furthered by Queen Theodora in the 6th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Hence, it was an expression of devotion and glorification to swathe the Virgin in gowns of blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Over the centuries, devotion and veneration to Mary has varied greatly among Christian traditions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus A faith in Christ which does not include his mother is another faith, another Christianity from that of the Orthodox church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Similarly, Catholics do not worship Mary as a divine being, but rather "hyper-venerate" her. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The earliest feasts that relate to Mary grew out of the cycle of feasts that celebrated the Nativity of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus There is significant diversity in the Marian doctrines attributed to her primarily by the Catholic Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Dormition: commemorates Mary's "falling asleep" or natural death shortly before her Assumption. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus This doctrine is widely accepted by Christians in general, and the term "Mother of God" had already been used within the oldest known prayer to Mary, the Sub tuum praesidium, which dates to around 250 AD.The Virgin birth of Jesus was an almost universally held belief among Christians from the 2nd until the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Whether Mary died or not is not defined dogmatically, however, although a reference to the death of Mary are made in Munificentissimus Deus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus However, this same phrase in Greek (Μήτηρ Θεοῦ), in the abbreviated form 'ΜΡ ΘΥ', is an indication commonly attached to her image in Byzantine icons. The Council stated that the Church Fathers "did not hesitate to speak of the holy Virgin as the Mother of God". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Subsequently, there are events when Mary is present along with James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas, called Jesus' brothers, and unnamed sisters. Following Jerome, the Church Fathers interpreted the words translated as "brother" and "sister" as referring to close relatives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany. It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus While some Christians such as Catholics and Eastern Orthodox have well established Marian traditions, Protestants at large pay scant attention to Mariological themes. Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutherans venerate the Virgin Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus The months of May and October are traditionally "Marian months" for Roman Catholics; the daily Rosary is encouraged in October and in May Marian devotions take place in many regions. Popes have issued a number of Marian encyclicals and Apostolic Letters to encourage devotions to and the veneration of the Virgin Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus This feast is called in older prayer books the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary on 2 February. The Annunciation of our Lord to the Blessed Virgin on 25 March was from before the time of Bede until the 18th century New Year's Day in England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Prayers and venerative practices vary greatly. For instance, as of the 19th century, following the Oxford Movement, Anglo-Catholics frequently pray the Rosary, the Angelus, Regina caeli, and other litanies and anthems of Mary reminiscent of Catholic practices. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Conversely, Low-church Anglicans rarely invoke the Blessed Virgin except in certain hymns, such as the second stanza of Ye Watchers and Ye Holy Ones. The Anglican Society of Mary was formed in 1931 and maintains chapters in many countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Indeed, shouldn't we also honor the holy mother of Christ? She is the woman who bruised the head of the serpent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus She is the woman who bruised the head of the serpent. Hear us, Mary, for thy Son so honors thee that he can refuse thee nothing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus God has commanded that we should honor the parents; therefore I will call upon Mary. She will intercede for me with the Son, and the Son with the Father, who will listen to the Son. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus As such, Methodists generally accept the doctrine of the virgin birth, but reject the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary "continued a pure and unspotted virgin", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus According to Biblical scholar Bart Ehrman the Hebrew word almah, meaning young woman of childbearing age, was translated into Greek as parthenos, which often, though not always, refers to a young woman who has never had sex. In Isaiah 7:14, it is commonly believed by Christians to be the prophecy of the Virgin Mary referred to in Matthew 1:23. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus In Isaiah 7:14, it is commonly believed by Christians to be the prophecy of the Virgin Mary referred to in Matthew 1:23. While Matthew and Luke give differing versions of the virgin birth, John quotes the uninitiated Philip and the disbelieving Jews gathered at Galilee referring to Joseph as Jesus' father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus According to the 4th century heresiologist Epiphanius of Salamis, the Virgin Mary was worshipped as a mother goddess in the Christian sect of Collyridianism, which was found throughout Arabia sometime during the 300s AD. Collyridianism had women performing priestly acts, and made bread offerings to the Virgin Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary, mother of Jesus Virgin Festival: a North American version of the V Festival --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Group Virgin Sun Airlines: scheduled and charter airline, closed in 2001 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Group It was built between 1864 and 1904 in the centre of the city, surrounded by Cathedral Square. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) ChristChurch Cathedral The Cathedral Square Amendment Ordinance 1859, formalised this change. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) ChristChurch Cathedral He was succeeded as dean by Lynda Patterson, for the first 20 months in an acting position, and she officially succeeded as dean on 1 November 2013, becoming the first woman to serve in that role. As ChristChurch Cathedral was inaccessible, Patterson first worked at St Michael and All Angels and then at the Cardboard Cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) ChristChurch Cathedral St Mary-le-Bow () is a historic church rebuilt after the Great Fire of 1666 by Sir Christopher Wren in the City of London on the main east–west thoroughfare, Cheapside. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary-le-Bow Ordinarily, distances by road from London are now measured from Charing Cross but, before the late 18th century, they were measured from the London Stone in Cannon Street, or the Standard in Cornhill. However, on the road from London to Lewes, the mileage is taken from the church door of St Mary-le-Bow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary-le-Bow St Mary-le-Bow ministers to the financial industry and livery companies of the City of London. Consequently, services feature weekday morning and evening led prayers lasting just a quarter of an hour generally at 08:15 (except Tuesdays) and 17:45. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary-le-Bow She is the first Australian to be recognised by the Catholic Church as a saint. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop Although she continued to be known as "Mary", when she was baptised six weeks later she received the names Maria Ellen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop This made her the first Australian to be recognised as a saint by the Catholic Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop MacKillop adopted the religious name of "Sister Mary of the Cross" and she and Lexie began wearing simple religious habits. The small group began to call themselves the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart and moved to a new house in Grote Street, Adelaide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop MacKillop founded a convent and base for the Sisters of St Joseph in Petersburg on 16 January 1897. "On January 16th, 1897, the founder of the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, Mother Mary of the Cross, arrived in Petersburg to take over the school. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop "On January 16th, 1897, the founder of the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, Mother Mary of the Cross, arrived in Petersburg to take over the school. She was accompanied by fellow Sisters Benizi (who was placed in charge of the school), M. Joseph, Clotilde and Aloysius Joseph. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop After MacKillop's burial, people continually took earth from around her grave. As a result, her remains were exhumed and transferred on 27 January 1914 to a vault before the altar of the Virgin Mary in the newly built memorial chapel in Mount Street, North Sydney. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop As a result, her remains were exhumed and transferred on 27 January 1914 to a vault before the altar of the Virgin Mary in the newly built memorial chapel in Mount Street, North Sydney. The vault was a gift of Joanna Barr Smith, a lifelong friend and admiring Presbyterian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary MacKillop In view of the allotment of the site on which the Cathedral of Christ the Savior is located, for the construction of the Palace of Soviets, the said temple should be liquidated and demolished. Instruct the Presidium of the Moscow Oblast Executive Committee to liquidate (close) the church within ten days ... --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour In the United States, "Balmoral" is often synonymous with "Oxford". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford shoe The meaning of "Oxford" and "Balmoral" may vary geographically. In the United States, "Balmoral" is often synonymous with "Oxford". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford shoe Founded in 1837, it was named after the British university city of Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Thousands of armed "volunteers" flowed into the Oxford area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Founded as a trading post in 1839, Neilson's continues to anchor the Oxford square. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi The University of Mississippi Museum is located on the University of Mississippi's main campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Oxford has had a diverse music scene for many years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi The Lyceum, University of Mississippi, 1848, designed by William Nichols --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi William Faulkner grew up in Oxford and used it as the fictional city of "Jefferson". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Lamar's home in Oxford was restored as a museum in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Order was finally restored to the campus with the early morning arrival of 3,000 nationalized Mississippi National Guard and federal troops, who camped in the city. More than 3,000 journalists came to Oxford on September 26, 2008, to cover the first presidential debate of 2008, which was held at the University of Mississippi. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi Oxford is home to the National Center for Natural Products Research at the University of Mississippi's School of Pharmacy. The Center is the only facility in the United States that is federally licensed to cultivate marijuana for scientific research, and to distribute it to medical marijuana patients. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi The city operates public transportation under the name Oxford-University Transit (OUT), with bus routes throughout the city and University of Mississippi campus. Ole Miss students and faculty ride free upon showing University identification. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi L.Q.C. Lamar (1825–1893), U.S. senator and supreme court justice, resided in Oxford, where he served as professor of mathematics at the University of Mississippi, farmed, and practiced law. He was the son-in-law of university chancellor Augustus Baldwin Longstreet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford, Mississippi St. Mary Parish was founded by Rev. Mahar in 1896. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School St. Mary's athletic teams were formerly known as the Crusaders. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School As of October 2020, 72 Nobel Prize laureates, 3 Fields Medalists, and 6 Turing Award winners have studied, worked, or held visiting fellowships at the University of Oxford, while its alumni have won 160 Olympic medals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford It grew quickly from 1167 when English students returned from the University of Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Another founder, Walter de Merton, a Lord Chancellor of England and afterwards Bishop of Rochester, devised a series of regulations for college life; Merton College thereby became the model for such establishments at Oxford, as well as at the University of Cambridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford This concept of a Bachelor of Science had been adopted at other European universities (London University had implemented it in 1860) but an 1880 proposal at Oxford to replace the classical requirement with a modern language (like German or French) was unsuccessful. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford There are thirty-nine colleges of the University of Oxford (including Reuben College, planned to admit students in 2021) and six permanent private halls (PPHs), each controlling its membership and with its own internal structure and activities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford In common with most British universities, prospective students apply through the UCAS application system, but prospective applicants for the University of Oxford, along with those for medicine, dentistry, and University of Cambridge applicants, must observe an earlier deadline of 15 October. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Oxford also offers the Clarendon Scholarship which is open to graduate applicants of all nationalities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford In the 2018 Complete University Guide, all 38 subjects offered by Oxford rank within the top 10 nationally meaning Oxford was one of only two multi-faculty universities (along with Cambridge) in the UK to have 100% of their subjects in the top 10. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford According to the QS World University Rankings by Subject, the University of Oxford also ranks as number one in the world for four Humanities disciplines: English Language and Literature, Modern Languages, Geography, and History. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford The Oxford University Student Union, formerly better known by its acronym OUSU and now rebranded as Oxford SU, exists to represent students in the university's decision-making, to act as the voice for students in the national higher education policy debate, and to provide direct services to the student body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Reflecting the collegiate nature of the University of Oxford itself, OUSU is both an association of Oxford's more than 21,000 individual students and a federation of the affiliated college common rooms, and other affiliated organisations that represent subsets of the undergraduate and graduate students. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Over 100 Oxford alumni were elected to the House of Commons in 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford At least 30 other international leaders have been educated at Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Several of the Caroline Divines e.g. in particular William Laud as President of St. John's and Chancellor of the University, and the Non-Jurors, e.g. Thomas Ken had close Oxford connections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford By 1989, 533 novels based in Oxford had been identified and the number continues to rise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford He says, "few medical men, few solicitors, few persons intended for commerce or trade, ever dreamed of passing through a university career." He quotes the Oxford University Commissioners in 1852 stating: "The education imparted at Oxford was not such as to conduce to the advancement in life of many persons, except those intended for the ministry." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford The list of distinguished scholars at the University of Oxford is long and includes many who have made major contributions to politics, the sciences, medicine, and literature. As of October 2020, 72 Nobel laureates and more than 50 world leaders have been affiliated with the University of Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford There were also 25 women students living at home or with friends in 1879, a group which evolved into the Society of Oxford Home-Students and in 1952 into St Anne's College. These first three societies for women were followed by St Hugh's (1886) and St Hilda's (1893). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford While the university has a larger annual income and operating budget, the colleges have a larger aggregate endowment: over £4.9bn compared to the university's £1.2bn. The central University's endowment, along with some of the colleges', is managed by the university's wholly owned endowment management office, Oxford University Endowment Management, formed in 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford The central University's endowment, along with some of the colleges', is managed by the university's wholly owned endowment management office, Oxford University Endowment Management, formed in 2007. The university has substantial investments in fossil fuel companies, and in 2014 began consultations on whether it should follow some US universities which have committed to sell off their fossil fuel investments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford In 2016, the University of Oxford gave 59% of offers to UK students to students from state schools, while about 93% of all UK pupils and 86% of post-16 UK pupils are educated in state schools. However, 64% of UK applicants were from state schools and the university notes that state school students apply disproportionately to oversubscribed subjects. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Oxford University spends over £6 million per year on outreach programs to encourage applicants from underrepresented demographics. In 2018 the university's annual admissions report revealed that eight of Oxford's colleges had accepted fewer than three black applicants in the past three years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Much attention is given to the termly intercollegiate rowing regattas: Christ Church Regatta, Torpids, and Summer Eights. A blue is an award given to those who compete at the university team level in certain sports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Most colleges have chapel choirs. Music, drama, and other arts societies exist both at the collegiate level and as university-wide groups, such as the Oxford University Dramatic Society and the Oxford Revue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Music, drama, and other arts societies exist both at the collegiate level and as university-wide groups, such as the Oxford University Dramatic Society and the Oxford Revue. Unlike most other collegiate societies, musical ensembles actively encourage players from other colleges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Festus Mogae (former president of Botswana) was a student at University College. The Burmese democracy activist and Nobel laureate, Aung San Suu Kyi, was a student of St Hugh's College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Religious reformer John Wycliffe was an Oxford scholar, for a time Master of Balliol College. John Colet, Christian humanist, Dean of St Paul's, and friend of Erasmus, studied at Magdalen College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Notable non-fiction works on Oxford include Oxford by Jan Morris. The university is parodied in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series with "Unseen University" and "Brazeneck College" (in reference to Brasenose College). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Oxford Specifics were not provided to the news media as to the amount that would be allocated to the Virgin Islands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British Virgin Islands Virgin Gorda and Anegada have their own smaller airports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British Virgin Islands This college was named after Lavity Stoutt, the first Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands. It is extremely common for students from the British Virgin Islands to travel overseas for tertiary education, either to the University of the West Indies, or to colleges and universities in either the United Kingdom, United States or Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British Virgin Islands Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Because Mary is listed as one of the women who were supporting Jesus's ministry financially, she must have been relatively wealthy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene According to Matthew 28:1–10, Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" went to the tomb. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene These texts were written long after the death of the historical Mary Magdalene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Two of the sayings reference a woman named "Mary", who is generally regarded as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Mary's mention in saying 114, however, has generated considerable controversy: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Mary is the only surviving apocryphal text named after a woman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The text was probably written over a century after the historical Mary Magdalene's death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Unlike in the Gospel of Thomas, where women can only be saved by becoming men, in the Gospel of Mary, they can be saved just as they are. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Andrew the Apostle challenges Mary, insisting, "Say what you think about what she said, but I do not believe the savior said this. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Andrew and Peter's responses are intended to demonstrate that they do not understand Jesus's teachings and that it is really only Mary who truly understands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Then, upon ejaculating, Jesus drank his own semen and told Mary, "Thus we must do, that we may live." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Church Father Origen (c. 184 – c. 253) defended Christianity against this accusation in his apologetic treatise Against Celsus, mentioning Matthew 28:1, which lists Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" both seeing the resurrected Jesus, thus providing a second witness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The sermon also explicitly identifies Mary Magdalene and the other women as "apostles". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Ambrose (c. 340 – 397), by contrast, not only rejected the conflation of Mary Magdalene, Mary of Bethany, and the anointing sinner, but even proposed that the authentic Mary Magdalene herself was, in fact, two separate people: one woman named Mary Magdalene who discovered the empty tomb and a different Mary Magdalene who saw the risen Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Not only John Chrysostom in the East (Matthew, Homily 88), but also Ambrose (De virginitate 3,14; 4,15) in the West, when speaking of Mary Magdalene after the resurrection of Jesus Christ, far from calling her a harlot, suggest she was a virgin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Gregory states that Mary Magdalene was buried in the city of Ephesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Then the governor's wife rises from the dead and tells him that Mary Magdalene has brought her back. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The whole family returns to Marseille, where they meet Mary again in person. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In 1449, King René d'Anjou gave to Angers Cathedral the amphora from Cana in which Jesus changed water to wine, acquiring it from the nuns of Marseilles, who told him that Mary Magdalene had brought it with her from Judea, relating to the legend where she was the jilted bride at the wedding after which John the Evangelist received his calling from Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Luther, whose views on sexuality were much more liberal than those of his fellow reformers, reportedly once joked to a group of friends that "even pious Christ himself" had committed adultery three times: once with Mary Magdalene, once with the Samaritan woman at the well, and once with the adulteress he had let off so easily. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Zwingli demanded for the cult of Mary Magdalene to be abolished and all images of her to be destroyed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Poems about Mary Magdalene's repentance were also popular. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene This portrayal is partially based on the Gnostic Gospel of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The eggs represent new life, and Christ bursting forth from the tomb. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Among Eastern Orthodox Christians this sharing is accompanied by the proclamation "Christ is risen!" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Mk 16:9 emphasizes the special role of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed "sinful woman" was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Unlike in the Gospel of Thomas, where women can only be saved by becoming men, in the Gospel of Mary, they can be saved just as they are. Peter approaches Mary and asks her: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Tell us the words of the Savior which you remember which you know, but we do not, nor have we heard them". Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Did he prefer her to us?" Andrew and Peter's responses are intended to demonstrate that they do not understand Jesus's teachings and that it is really only Mary who truly understands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Upon hearing this, Mary instantly fainted, to which Jesus responded by helping her up and telling her, "O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? " This story was supposedly the basis for the Borborite Eucharist ritual in which they allegedly engaged in orgies and drank semen and menstrual blood as the "body and blood of Christ" respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Among Eastern Orthodox Christians this sharing is accompanied by the proclamation "Christ is risen!" One folk tradition concerning Mary Magdalene says that following the death and resurrection of Jesus, she used her position to gain an invitation to a banquet given by the Roman Emperor Tiberius in Rome. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene One folk tradition concerning Mary Magdalene says that following the death and resurrection of Jesus, she used her position to gain an invitation to a banquet given by the Roman Emperor Tiberius in Rome. When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exed, "Christ is risen!" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Chapter XXVII of the Life of Mary Magdalene attributed to Hrabanus Maurus (c. 780 – 4 February 856) is headed: Ubi Magdalenam Christus ad apostolos mittit apostolam (Wherein Christ sends Magdalene as an apostle to the apostles). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene However the work is actually no earlier than the 12th century. Because of Mary Magdalene's position as an apostle, though not one of those who became official witnesses to the resurrection, the Catholic Church honoured her by reciting the Gloria on her feast day – the only female saint so honoured apart from Mary, the mother of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene She is the first to meet the Risen Christ. [...] Hence she came to be called "the apostle of the Apostles". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Presbyterians honor her as the "apostle to the apostles" and, in the book Methodist Theology, Kenneth Wilson describes her as, "in effect", one of the "first missionaries". Mary Magdalene is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 22 July. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene `Abdu'l-Bahá said that Mary traveled to Rome and spoke before the Emperor Tiberius, which is presumably why Pilate was later recalled to Rome for his cruel treatment of the Jews (a tradition also attested to in the Eastern Orthodox Church). Baháʼís have noted parallels between Mary Magdalene and the Babí heroine-poet Táhirih. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Some of the programs are organized by Fordham itself, such as those in London, United Kingdom; Granada, Spain; and Pretoria, South Africa; while others are operated by partner institutions like Georgetown University, the University of Oxford, and the Council on International Educational Exchange (CIEE). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fordham University Fordham University Press, the university's publishing house and an affiliate of Oxford University Press, primarily publishes humanities and social sciences research. The university also hosts an Undergraduate Research Symposium every year during the spring semester and publishes the Undergraduate Research Journal in conjunction with the symposium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fordham University There has been a choral tradition at Canterbury Cathedral for 1400 years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral They receive scholarships and attend St Edmund's School, Canterbury. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral The library's holdings are included in the online catalogue of the library of the University of Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral The inferior pilgrims and paupers were relegated to the north hall or almonry, just within the gate. Priors of Christ Church Priory included John of Sittingbourne (elected 1222, previously a monk of the priory) and William Chillenden, (elected 1264, previously monk and treasurer of the priory). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral In 1642–1643, during the English Civil War, Puritan iconoclasts caused significant damage during their "cleansing" of the cathedral. Included in that campaign was the destruction of the statue of Christ in the Christ Church Gate and the demolition of the wooden gates by a group led by Richard Culmer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral Included in that campaign was the destruction of the statue of Christ in the Christ Church Gate and the demolition of the wooden gates by a group led by Richard Culmer. The statue would not be replaced until 1990 but the gates were restored in 1660 and a great deal of other repair work started at that time; that would continue until 1704. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canterbury Cathedral However, Christie first described a village of that name prior to Marple's introduction, in the 1928 Hercule Poirot novel The Mystery of the Blue Train. In that novel, St Mary Mead is home to the book's protagonist Katherine Grey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Mary Mead In the BBC Miss Marple TV adaptation of Nemesis, a letter from Mr Rafiel's solicitors indicate that St Mary Mead is located in the (also fictional) county of Middleshire. The St Mary Mead of Katherine Grey is in Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Mary Mead Her telephone number is "three five" on a manual exchange. Once it has been fully established as Miss Marple's home village, St Mary Mead is supposed to be in South East England, 25 miles (40 kilometres) from London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Mary Mead Other towns said to be close by include Brackhampton, Medenham Wells, and Milchester. The neighbourhood of St Mary Mead is served by trains arriving at Paddington railway station, indicating a location west or south-west of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Mary Mead The windows are particularly notable for their connection to a workshop in Sevres, France, where the earliest stages of the Gothic Revival took place. The six windows in the nave of the University Church depict the Four Evangelists, St. Peter, and St. Paul. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fordham University Church In 2017 the LauncherOne business was spun off into Virgin Orbit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Galactic The Virgin Galactic passenger list is posted on a website not associated with Virgin Galactic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Galactic The site lists space tourists who have booked a flight with Virgin Galactic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Galactic Virgin Galactic plans to begin commercial spaceflight service in 2022. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Galactic The dictionary began as a Philological Society project of a small group of intellectuals in London (and unconnected to Oxford University): Richard Chenevix Trench, Herbert Coleridge, and Frederick Furnivall, who were dissatisfied with the existing English dictionaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary The first was that he move from Mill Hill to Oxford, which he did in 1885. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary Also in 1895, the title Oxford English Dictionary was first used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary Thus began the New Oxford English Dictionary (NOED) project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary Under a 1985 agreement, some of this software work was done at the University of Waterloo, Canada, at the Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary, led by Frank Tompa and Gaston Gonnet; this search technology went on to become the basis for the Open Text Corporation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary The Oxford English Dictionary 2 was printed in 20 volumes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary In his review of the 1982 supplement, University of Oxford linguist Roy Harris writes that criticizing the OED is extremely difficult because "one is dealing not just with a dictionary but with a national institution", one that "has become, like the English monarchy, virtually immune from criticism in principle". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to scholars and academic researchers, as well as describing usage in its many variations throughout the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary The online version has been available since 2000, and by April 2014 was receiving over two million visits per month. The third edition of the dictionary most likely will appear only in electronic form; the Chief Executive of Oxford University Press has stated that it is unlikely that it will ever be printed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary They had pages printed by publishers, but no publication agreement was reached; both the Cambridge University Press and the Oxford University Press were approached. The OUP finally agreed in 1879 (after two years of negotiating by Sweet, Furnivall, and Murray) to publish the dictionary and to pay Murray, who was both the editor and the Philological Society president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary The University of Waterloo, in Canada, volunteered to design the database. A. Walton Litz, an English professor at Princeton University who served on the Oxford University Press advisory council, was quoted in Time as saying "I've never been associated with a project, I've never even heard of a project, that was so incredibly complicated and that met every deadline. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford English Dictionary Several of Christ Church's deans achieved high academic distinction, notably Owen under the Commonwealth, Aldrich and Fell in the Restoration period, Jackson and Gaisford in the early 19th century and Liddell in the high Victorian era. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford As well as rooms for accommodation, the buildings of Christ Church include the cathedral, one of the smallest in England, which also acts as the college chapel, a great hall, two libraries, two bars, and separate common rooms for dons, graduates and undergraduates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford "Those twins / Of learning that he [Wolsey] raised in you, Ipswich and Oxford! --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). Other notable alumni include King Edward VII, King William II of the Netherlands, seventeen Archbishops, writers Lewis Carroll (Alice in Wonderland) and W. H. Auden, philosopher John Locke, and scientist Robert Hooke. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Other notable alumni include King Edward VII, King William II of the Netherlands, seventeen Archbishops, writers Lewis Carroll (Alice in Wonderland) and W. H. Auden, philosopher John Locke, and scientist Robert Hooke. Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford A Censor Theologiae is also appointed to act as the dean's deputy; this post is currently held by Professor Ian Watson. The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. The meadow itself is inhabited by English Longhorn cattle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. Most undergraduate tutorials are carried out in the college, though for some specialist subjects undergraduates may be sent to tutors in other colleges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. On occasion, the golfer would win and, on occasion, I would win. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The building stands on the former site of the Baltic Exchange (24-28 St Mary Axe), which was the headquarters of a global marketplace for shipping freight contracts and also soft commodities, and the Chamber of Shipping (30-32 St Mary Axe). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 30 St Mary Axe The United Kingdom government's statutory adviser on the historic environment, English Heritage, and the City of London's governing body, the City of London Corporation, were keen that any redevelopment must restore the Baltic Exchange's old façade onto St Mary Axe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 30 St Mary Axe The site was special because it needed development, it was not on any of the "sight lines" (planning guidance requires that new buildings do not obstruct or detract from the view of St Paul's Cathedral dome when viewed from a number of locations around London), and it had housed the Baltic Exchange. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 30 St Mary Axe 30 St Mary Axe (known previously as the Swiss Re Building), informally known as The Gherkin, is a commercial skyscraper in London's primary financial district, the City of London. It was completed in December 2003 and opened in April 2004. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 30 St Mary Axe This name for the basilica had become popular in the 14th century in connection with a legend that circa the year 352, during "the pontificate of Liberius, a Roman patrician John and his wife, who were without heirs, made a vow to donate their possessions to the Virgin Mary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore St. Mary Major was associated with the Patriarchate of Antioch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore The other panel depicts the Virgin accompanied by five martyrs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore On 5 August, at the height of the Roman summer, snow fell during the night on the summit of the Esquiline Hill. In obedience to a vision of the Virgin Mary which they had the same night, the couple built a basilica in honour of Mary on the very spot which was covered with snow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore Santa Maria Maggiore, one of the first churches built in honour of the Virgin Mary, was erected in the immediate aftermath of the Council of Ephesus of 431, which proclaimed Mary Mother of God. Pope Sixtus III built it to commemorate this decision. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore Pope Sixtus III built it to commemorate this decision. Certainly, the atmosphere that generated the council gave rise also the mosaics that adorn the interior of the dedication: "whatever the precise connection was between council and church it is clear that the planners of the decoration belong to a period of concentrated debates on nature and status of the Virgin and incarnate Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore The column in the Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore celebrates the famous icon of the Virgin Mary now enshrined in the Borghese Chapel of the basilica. It is known as Salus Populi Romani, or Health of the Roman People or Salvation of the Roman People, due to a miracle in which the icon reportedly helped keep plague from the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Maria Maggiore a tabernacle and set of candlesticks which were used when the cathedral last operated (for a very short time) under the "Roman rite", when the Roman Catholic king, James II, having fled England in 1690, came to Ireland to fight for his throne and attended High Mass in the temporary restoration of Christ Church as a Roman Catholic cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin The effects of this blast also damaged the tower nearby of St. Audoen's Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Of the four old Celtic Christian churches reputed to have existed around Dublin, only one, dedicated to St. Martin of Tours, lay within the walls of the Viking city, and so Christ Church was one of just two churches for the whole city. The cathedral was originally staffed by secular clergy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church is the centre of worship for the united dioceses and holds notable annual events such as the Citizenship Service. As the cathedral of the southern province of the Church of Ireland it also hosts ordinations of priests and consecrations of bishops. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin They wrote The 40-Year-Old Virgin together. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The 40-Year-Old Virgin It is the oldest extant congregation in Houston and one of the oldest non-Roman Catholic churches in Texas. Many Episcopal churches in Houston and the surrounding area were founded as missions of Christ Church, such as Trinity Church, Houston, founded in 1893. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral (Houston) The first universities were created in Europe by Catholic Church monks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Southern universities tended to be patterned after the student-controlled model begun at the University of Bologna. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Oxford's status as a liberty obtained from this period until the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In 1790, the Oxford Canal connected the city with Coventry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford During the First World War, the population of Oxford changed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The number of University members was significantly reduced as students, fellows and staff enlisted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford This led to the witticism that "Oxford is the left bank of Cowley". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford has a maritime temperate climate (Köppen: Cfb). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford increasingly has a reputation for being a centre of digital innovation, as epitomized by Digital Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The presence of the university has also led to Oxford becoming a centre for the education industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford As well as expanding the market for Oxford's brewers, railways enabled brewers further from the city to compete for a share of its market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The University of Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world, and one of the most prestigious higher education institutions of the world, averaging nine applications to every available place, and attracting 40% of its academic staff and 17% of undergraduates from overseas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The Oxford to London coach route offers a frequent coach service to London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In the 18th century the Oxford Canal was built to connect Oxford with the Midlands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford A44 – which begins in Oxford, leading past Evesham to Worcester, Hereford and Aberystwyth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford A420 – which also begins in Oxford and leads to Bristol passing Swindon and Chippenham. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The M40 approached Oxford in 1974, leading from London to Waterstock, where the A40 continued to Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In 1997, Oxford played host to Radio 1's Sound City, with acts such as Travis, Bentley Rhythm Ace, Embrace, Spiritualized and DJ Shadow playing in various venues around the city including Oxford Brookes University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The annual Oxfordshire Artweeks is well-represented by artists in Oxford itself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford At the end of the 2015 season, following relegation, the club left Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The Oxford Hockey Club (formed after a merger of City of Oxford HC and Rover Oxford HC in 2011) plays most of its home games on the pitch at Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus and also uses the pitches at Headington Girls' School and Iffley Road. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford Saints is Oxford's senior American Football team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford is also home to the City of Oxford Rowing Club, based near Donnington Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the City of Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford The city is home to the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world, and has buildings in every style of English architecture from late Anglo-Saxon. Oxford's industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing, information technology and science. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In 1002, many Danes were killed in Oxford during the St. Brice's Day massacre ordered by Æthelred the Unready. The skeletons of more than thirty suspected victims were unearthed in 2008 during the course of building work at St John's College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford's second university, Oxford Brookes University, formerly the Oxford School of Art, then Oxford Polytechnic, based at Headington Hill, was given its charter in 1991 and for ten years has been voted the best new university in the UK. It was named to honour the school's founding principal, John Henry Brookes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford University Press, a department of the University of Oxford, is based in the city, although it no longer operates its own paper mill and printing house. The city is also home to the UK operations of Wiley-Blackwell, Elsevier and several smaller publishing houses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In September 2016, it was ranked as the world's number one university, according to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings. Oxford is renowned for its tutorial-based method of teaching, with students attending an average of one one-hour tutorial a week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Oxford Brookes University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Oxford Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Joseph Haydn was awarded an honorary doctorate by Oxford University in 1791, an event commemorated by three concerts of his music at the Sheldonian Theatre, directed by the composer and from which his Symphony No. 92 earned the nickname of the "Oxford" Symphony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Oxford University Cricket Club is Oxford's most famous club with more than 300 Oxford players gaining international honours, including Colin Cowdrey, Douglas Jardine and Imran Khan. Oxfordshire County Cricket Club play in the Minor Counties League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Swann was organist at the Crystal Cathedral from 1982 to 1998. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The sale to the diocese was finalized on February 3, 2012. Under the terms, Crystal Cathedral Ministries was allowed to lease most of the campus including the church for up to three years; the diocese offered Crystal Cathedral Ministries a longer-term lease at nearby St. Callistus Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) Crystal Cathedral Ministries held its final worship service in the Crystal Cathedral building on June 30, 2013. That congregation held its first service at the campus of the former St. Callistus Church, which it renamed Shepherd's Grove, on July 7, 2013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The formal dedication Mass was held on July 17, 2019; at that time, Vann solemnly dedicated the former Crystal Cathedral building as Christ Cathedral and the building canonically assumed that name. A formal celebration event and Pacific Symphony concert was held on July 13, 2019, ahead of the dedication Mass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The London blitz this time was much more intense and the London Business was shifted temporarily to Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press The name continued to be used when OUP moved to its present site in Oxford in 1830. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press The "Oxford Open" model applies to the majority of their journals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the vice-chancellor known as the delegates of the press. They are headed by the secretary to the delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press The first printer associated with Oxford University was Theoderic Rood. A business associate of William Caxton, Rood seems to have brought his own wooden printing press to Oxford from Cologne as a speculative venture, and to have worked in the city between around 1480 and 1483. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press This was named in honour of Oxford University's Chancellor, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon. Oxford lore maintained its construction was funded by proceeds from his book The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England (1702–04). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press Macmillan's contract ended in 1880, and wasn't renewed. By this time, Oxford also had a London warehouse for Bible stock in Paternoster Row, and in 1880 its manager Henry Frowde (1841–1927) was given the formal title of Publisher to the University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press By this time, Oxford also had a London warehouse for Bible stock in Paternoster Row, and in 1880 its manager Henry Frowde (1841–1927) was given the formal title of Publisher to the University. Frowde came from the book trade, not the university, and remained an enigma to many. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford University Press The cathedral was originally the church of St Frideswide's Priory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The site was historically presumed to be the location of the nunnery founded by St Frideswide, the patron saint of Oxford, and the shrine now in the Latin Chapel, originally containing relics translated at the rebuilding in 1180, was the focus of pilgrimage from at least the 12th until the early 16th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford In 1546, Henry VIII transferred to it the recently created See of Oxford from Osney. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The Cathedral Singers consists of volunteers and is currently directed by James Potter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The choristers are drawn from schools around Oxford, and sing evensong once a week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Future Taoiseach John A. Costello married Ida Mary O'Malley in the church in 1919.Since 2016, the church has been stewarded by the University of Notre Dame, which uses the church as a base for the Notre Dame–Newman Center for Faith and Reason; regular masses are still held there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Newman University Church The empty undercroft represents the empty tomb, just as at Westminster Cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Newman University Church The US operations have also taken on the name Virgin Records. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records Virgin Classics was founded in 1988 as part of Virgin Records. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records The Virgin label was distributed in the US by Atlantic from 1973 to 1975. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records In 1986, Virgin Records opened up another American division, Virgin Records America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records Canadian editions of the Dindisc label were issued as Dindisc/Virgin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records After Virgin was acquired by EMI, the publisher was folded into EMI Music Publishing as EMI Virgin Music. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records Virgin Music was renamed BMG VM Music, while Famous Music became BMG FM Music. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records When this Charisma label was retired in 1992, all of its artists were, as before, transferred to Virgin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records Ever! collections under the label name Virgin TV or EMI/Virgin TV. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records Virgin Schallplatten GmbH was the German subsidiary of Virgin Records. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records The first was founded in 1987, Virgin Japan, as a wholly owned Virgin subsidiary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Virgin Records In 1324 Brome founded St Mary Hall and appropriated the church's rectory house, including small tithes, oblations and burial dues for the college, an act confirmed in 1326 by the bishop, Henry Burghersh, after Brome had got Edward II's patronage to refound the college. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The influence of the movement spread and affected the practice and spirituality of the Church of England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin Around the same time, St Thomas chantry, now a vestry, was added. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin St Mary's possesses an eccentric baroque porch, designed by Nicholas Stone, facing High Street, and a spire which is claimed by some church historians to be one of the most beautiful in England. Radcliffe Square lies to the north and to the east is Catte Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin This project was cut short by the fall of Laud and the outbreak of the English Civil War, but after the Restoration it was revived and carried through by John Fell, Dean of Christ Church, who commissioned Christopher Wren to erect what became the Sheldonian Theatre. Thereafter, the church was reserved for religious worship only. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin From the present pulpit John Keble preached the assize sermon of 14 July 1833, which is considered to have started the Oxford Movement, an attempt to revive catholic spirituality in the church and university. The influence of the movement spread and affected the practice and spirituality of the Church of England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University Church of St Mary the Virgin The UK sites are Oxford and Keele with bottling and finishing in Wrexham. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine The Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, codenamed AZD1222, and sold under the brand names Covishield and Vaxzevria among others, is a viral vector vaccine for prevention of COVID-19. Developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca, it is given by intramuscular injection, using as a vector the modified chimpanzee adenovirus ChAdOx1. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine Jane the Virgin received critical acclaim, particularly for its writing and Rodriguez's performance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jane the Virgin Universities and colleges affiliated with the Churches of Christ include these institutions: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of universities and colleges affiliated with the Churches of Christ Like other territories, the U.S. Virgin Islands does not have U.S. senators. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands U.S. citizens thus do not have to clear customs when arriving in the U.S. Virgin Islands, but do when traveling to the mainland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands The U.S. Virgin Islands is the only U.S. jurisdiction that drives on the left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands As of January 2010, specifically assigned codes include 00801–00805 (St Thomas), --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands Christianity is the dominant religion in the U.S. Virgin Islands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands The Virgin Islands Daily News, printed daily on St. Thomas --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands Basketball is one of the popular sports in the Virgin Islands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands Currently, the Virgin Islands are not represented in Caribbean Twenty20 leagues. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Virgin Islands Both the gospels of Matthew and Luke in the New Testament and the Quran describe Mary as a virgin. She is betrothed to Joseph, according to Matthew and Luke. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus The English name "Mary" comes from the Greek Μαρία, a shortened form of the name Μαριάμ. Both Μαρία and Μαριάμ appear in the New Testament. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus The four Catholic dogmas regarding Mary are: her status as Theotokos, or Mother of God; her perpetual virginity; the Immaculate Conception; and her bodily Assumption into heaven. The Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus has a more central role in Roman Catholic teachings and beliefs than in any other major Christian group. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus The Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus has a more central role in Roman Catholic teachings and beliefs than in any other major Christian group. Not only do Roman Catholics have more theological doctrines and teachings that relate to Mary, but they have more festivals, prayers, devotional, and venerative practices than any other group. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus "In the 20th century, both popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI emphasized the Marian focus of the Catholic Church. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI) suggested a redirection of the whole church towards the program of Pope John Paul II in order to ensure an authentic approach to Christology via a return to the "whole truth about Mary," writing: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus As such, the designation of Saint to Mary as Saint Mary is not appropriate. The Orthodox does not venerate Mary as conceived immaculate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Some early Protestants venerated Mary. Martin Luther wrote that: "Mary is full of grace, proclaimed to be entirely without sin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Hear us, Mary, for thy Son so honors thee that he can refuse thee nothing. Here Bernard went too far in his Homilies on the Gospel: Missus est Angelus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Here Bernard went too far in his Homilies on the Gospel: Missus est Angelus. God has commanded that we should honor the parents; therefore I will call upon Mary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus The Latter Day Saint movement's view affirms the virgin birth of Jesus and Christ's divinity, but only as a separate being than God the Father. The Book of Mormon refers to Mary by name in prophecies and describes her as "most beautiful and fair above all other virgins" and as a "precious and chosen vessel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Christian devotion to Mary predates the emergence of a specific Marian liturgical system in the 5th century, following the First Council of Ephesus in 431. In Egypt, the veneration of Mary had started in the 3rd century and the term "Theotokos" was used by Origen, the Alexandrian Father of the Church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus For instance, while Protestants show scant attention to Marian prayers or devotions, of all the saints whom the Orthodox venerate, the most honored is Mary, who is considered "more honorable than the Cherubim and more glorious than the Seraphim". Orthodox theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote: "Love and veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the soul of Orthodox piety. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Let Mary be in honor, but let worship be given to the Lord", he wrote. Similarly, Catholics do not worship Mary as a divine being, but rather "hyper-venerate" her. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus There is significant diversity in the Marian doctrines attributed to her primarily by the Catholic Church. The key Marian doctrines held primarily in Catholicism can be briefly outlined as follows: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Assumption: Mary was taken bodily into heaven either at, or before, her death. The acceptance of these Marian doctrines by Roman Catholics can be summarized as follows: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Catholics believe in the Immaculate Conception of Mary, as proclaimed ex cathedra by Pope Pius IX in 1854, namely that she was filled with grace from the very moment of her conception in her mother's womb and preserved from the stain of original sin. The Latin Church has a liturgical feast by that name, kept on 8 December. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus Orthodox Christians reject the Immaculate Conception dogma principally because their understanding of ancestral sin (the Greek term corresponding to the Latin "original sin") differs from the Augustinian interpretation and that of the Catholic Church. The Perpetual Virginity of Mary asserts Mary's real and perpetual virginity even in the act of giving birth to the Son of God made Man. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary, mother of Jesus The name "Virgin" arose when Richard Branson and Nik Powell formed a record shop. They considered themselves virgins in business. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Group They considered themselves virgins in business. Branson has described the "V" in the logo as an expressive tick, representing the Virgin seal of approval. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Group Virgin Airship and Balloon Company: Operating hot air balloons and airships for advertisers --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Group In May 2012, the Rhodes memorial window depicting St John the Evangelist was recovered from the north wall. The spire reached to 63 metres (207 ft) above Cathedral Square, and public access provided for a good viewpoint over the centre of the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) ChristChurch Cathedral During the Henry II period, the church, known as “St Mary de Arcubus”, was rebuilt and was famed for the arches (“bows”) of stone. At that period the 12 feet 6 inches (3.8 m) high vaulted crypt—although only accessible from within the church—had windows and buttresses visible from the street. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Mary-le-Bow Pope Benedict XVI prayed at her tomb during his visit to Sydney for World Youth Day 2008 and in December 2009 approved the Catholic Church's recognition of a second miracle attributed to her intercession. She was canonised on 17 October 2010, during a public ceremony in St Peter's Square at the Vatican. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary MacKillop In 1985, the Sisters of St Joseph approached one of Australia's foremost rose growers to develop the Mary MacKillop Rose. MacKillop was the subject of the first of the "Inspirational Australians" one dollar coin series, released by the Royal Australian Mint in 2008.Several Australian composers have written sacred music to celebrate MacKillop. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary MacKillop The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour (Russian: Храм Христа́ Спаси́теля, tr. Khram Khristá Spasítelya, IPA: [xram xrʲɪˈsta spɐˈsʲitʲɪlʲə]) is a Russian Orthodox cathedral in Moscow, Russia, on the northern bank of the Moskva River, a few hundred metres southwest of the Kremlin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour In searching for additional sources of revenue and funding, government agencies saw monetary value in religious and historical monuments that had not yet been destroyed or otherwise repurposed for government use. On 24 February 1930, the economic department of the OGPU sent a letter to the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee asking to remove the golden domes of the Christ the Saviour Cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour On July 13, 1931, a meeting of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union was held under the chairmanship of Mikhail Kalinin. The meeting decided to build the Palace on the territory of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior: “The place for the construction of the Palace of Soviets to choose the area of the Cathedral of Christ in the mountains. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of Christ the Saviour During the Civil Rights Movement, Oxford drew national attention in the Ole Miss riot of 1962. State officials, including Governor Ross Barnett, prevented James Meredith, an African American, from enrolling at the University of Mississippi, even after the federal courts had ruled that he be admitted. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford, Mississippi The changes in elevation can be noticed when traveling on the Highway 6 bypass, since the east-west highway tends to transect many of the north-south ridges. Downtown Oxford sits on one of these ridges and the University of Mississippi sits on another one, while the main commercial corridors on either side of the city sit in valleys. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford, Mississippi The song was about the violent events surrounding the admission of James Meredith into the University of Mississippi in 1962. Dylan played a memorable concert at the Tad Smith Coliseum on the Ole Miss campus in November 1990, which opened with a performance of the song Oxford Town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford, Mississippi In 1887 Richard Gilmour, then Bishop of Cleveland, had commissioned Rev. Dr. Thomas F. Mahar, pastor of St. Vincent Church, the oldest Catholic church in Akron, to establish a mission in south Akron. St. Mary Parish was founded by Rev. Mahar in 1896. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School St. Mary Parish was founded by Rev. Mahar in 1896. The high school was founded a year later. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School The high school was founded a year later. St. Mary's athletic teams were formerly known as the Crusaders. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Vincent–St. Mary High School The head of the university had the title of chancellor from at least 1201, and the masters were recognised as a universitas or corporation in 1231. The university was granted a royal charter in 1248 during the reign of King Henry III.After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled from the violence to Cambridge, later forming the University of Cambridge. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford Another founder, Walter de Merton, a Lord Chancellor of England and afterwards Bishop of Rochester, devised a series of regulations for college life; Merton College thereby became the model for such establishments at Oxford, as well as at the University of Cambridge. Thereafter, an increasing number of students lived in colleges rather than in halls and religious houses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford Science students found this particularly burdensome and supported a separate science degree with Greek language study removed from their required courses. This concept of a Bachelor of Science had been adopted at other European universities (London University had implemented it in 1860) but an 1880 proposal at Oxford to replace the classical requirement with a modern language (like German or French) was unsuccessful. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford All of these colleges later became coeducational, starting with Lady Margaret Hall and St Anne's in 1979, and finishing with St Hilda's, which began to accept male students in 2008. In the early 20th century, Oxford and Cambridge were widely perceived to be bastions of male privilege, however the integration of women into Oxford moved forward during the First World War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford There are thirty-nine colleges of the University of Oxford (including Reuben College, planned to admit students in 2021) and six permanent private halls (PPHs), each controlling its membership and with its own internal structure and activities. Not all colleges offer all courses, but they generally cover a broad range of subjects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford The Sutton Trust maintains that Oxford University and Cambridge University recruit disproportionately from 8 schools which accounted for 1,310 Oxbridge places during three years, contrasted with 1,220 from 2,900 other schools. To allow a more personalised judgement of students, who might otherwise apply for both, undergraduate applicants are not permitted to apply to both Oxford and Cambridge in the same year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford From 2015 to 2019, the state proportion of total UK students admitted each year was: 55.6%, 58.0%, 58.2%, 60.5% and 62.3%. Oxford University spends over £6 million per year on outreach programs to encourage applicants from underrepresented demographics. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford The Clarendon Scholarship is principally funded by Oxford University Press in association with colleges and other partnership awards. In 2016, Oxford University announced that it is to run its first free online economics course as part of a "massive open online course" (Mooc) scheme, in partnership with a US online university network. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford In 2016, Oxford University announced that it is to run its first free online economics course as part of a "massive open online course" (Mooc) scheme, in partnership with a US online university network. The course available is called ‘From Poverty to Prosperity: Understanding Economic Development’. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford In the 2018 Complete University Guide, all 38 subjects offered by Oxford rank within the top 10 nationally meaning Oxford was one of only two multi-faculty universities (along with Cambridge) in the UK to have 100% of their subjects in the top 10. Computer Science, Medicine, Philosophy, Politics and Psychology were ranked first in the UK by the guide. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford Computer Science, Medicine, Philosophy, Politics and Psychology were ranked first in the UK by the guide. According to the QS World University Rankings by Subject, the University of Oxford also ranks as number one in the world for four Humanities disciplines: English Language and Literature, Modern Languages, Geography, and History. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford According to the QS World University Rankings by Subject, the University of Oxford also ranks as number one in the world for four Humanities disciplines: English Language and Literature, Modern Languages, Geography, and History. It also ranks 2nd globally for Anthropology, Archaeology, Law, Medicine, Politics & International Studies, and Psychology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford Of all the post-war prime ministers, only Gordon Brown was educated at a university other than Oxford (the University of Edinburgh), while Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and John Major never attended a university. Over 100 Oxford alumni were elected to the House of Commons in 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Oxford The name was later shortened to "the Virgin Islands". The official name of the territory is still simply the "Virgin Islands", but the prefix "British" is often used. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British Virgin Islands Over 90% of the population who indicated a religious affiliation at the 2010 Census were Christian with the largest individual Christian denominations being Methodist (18.1%), Anglican (9.8%), Church of God (10.6%) and Roman Catholic (9.1%). The Constitution of the British Virgin Islands commences with a professed national belief in God. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British Virgin Islands During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. In 1969, the identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the "sinful woman" was removed from the General Roman Calendar by Pope Paul VI, but the view of her as a former prostitute has persisted in popular culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Nonetheless, very little is known about her life. Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. She was never mentioned in any of the Pauline epistles or in any of the general epistles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene According to John 20:11–18, Mary, now alone in the garden outside the tomb, saw two angels sitting where Jesus's body had been. Then the risen Jesus approached her. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene New Testament apocrypha writings mention Mary Magdalene. Some of these writings were cited as scripture by early Christians. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene At another point, he tells her, "Well done, Mary. You are more blessed than all women on earth, because you will be the fullness of fullness and the completion of completion." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene There were three who always walked with the Lord: Mary, his mother, and her sister, and Magdalene, who was called his companion. His sister, his mother and his companion were each a Mary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene The text was probably written over a century after the historical Mary Magdalene's death. The text is not attributed to her and its author is anonymous. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". And she began to speak to them these words: "I", she said, "I saw the Lord in a vision and I said to Him, Lord I saw you today in a vision". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Andrew the Apostle challenges Mary, insisting, "Say what you think about what she said, but I do not believe the savior said this. These teachings are strange ideas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene She whom Luke calls the sinful woman, whom John calls Mary, we believe to be the Mary from whom seven devils were ejected according to Mark. What did these seven devils signify, if not all the vices? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Then the governor's wife rises from the dead and tells him that Mary Magdalene has brought her back. The whole family returns to Marseille, where they meet Mary again in person. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene I am glad and blythe that St Jerome should say so". They were sometimes thought to be the couple at the Wedding at Cana, though the Gospel accounts say nothing of the ceremony being abandoned. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene According to historian Michael Haag, these changes were a quiet admission from the Vatican that the Church's previous teaching of Mary Magdalene as a repentant whore had been wrong. Mary of Bethany's feast day and that of her brother Lazarus is now on July 29, the memorial of their sister Martha. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Mary is likewise portrayed as a reformed prostitute in Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's 1971 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar. In Superstar, Mary describes her sexual attraction to Jesus in the song "I Don't Know How to Love Him", which shocked many of the play's original viewers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene As Gothic painted crucifixions became crowded compositions, the Magdalene became a prominent figure, with a halo and identifiable by her long unbound blonde hair, and usually a bright red dress. As the swooning Virgin Mary became more common, generally occupying the attention of John, the unrestrained gestures of Magdalene increasingly represented the main display of the grief of the spectators. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exed, "Christ is risen!" The Emperor laughed, and said that Christ rising from the dead was as likely as the egg in her hand turning red while she held it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America honors Mary Magdalene on July 22 as an Apostle, albeit as a Lesser Festival. Presbyterians honor her as the "apostle to the apostles" and, in the book Methodist Theology, Kenneth Wilson describes her as, "in effect", one of the "first missionaries". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene In 1839, Hughes, then 42 years old, had purchased the 106-acre Rose Hill Manor farm in the village of Fordham, New York for $29,750. His intent was to establish St. Joseph's Seminary following the model of Mount Saint Mary's University, of which he was an alumnus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fordham University His intent was to establish St. Joseph's Seminary following the model of Mount Saint Mary's University, of which he was an alumnus. "Rose Hill" was the name originally given to the site in 1787 by its owner, Robert Watts, a wealthy New York merchant, in honor of his family's ancestral home in Scotland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fordham University Furthermore, Fordham faculty have conducted research with such institutions as the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and organizations worldwide. Fordham University Press, the university's publishing house and an affiliate of Oxford University Press, primarily publishes humanities and social sciences research. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fordham University Rose Hill is largely made up of nineteenth-century architecture, with some contemporary buildings. The campus is home to several structures on the National Register of Historic Places, such as the University Church built in 1845 as a seminary chapel and parish church for the surrounding community. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fordham University The Festival of Lessons and Carols: The Fordham University Concert Choir presents a series of Nine Lessons and Carols every year during the Christmas season. An afternoon concert is performed at the University Church on the Rose Hill campus, and an evening concert is performed at the St. Paul the Apostle Church adjacent to the Lincoln Center campus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fordham University During the reforms of Dunstan, archbishop from 960 until his death in 988, a Benedictine abbey named Christ Church Priory was added to the cathedral. But the formal establishment as a monastery seems to date only to c. 997 and the community only became fully monastic from Lanfranc's time onwards (with monastic constitutions addressed by him to Prior Henry). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Cathedral It is not funded by the Church of England. The Church Commissioners pay the salary of the dean and two of the residentiary canons only. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Cathedral The Church Commissioners pay the salary of the dean and two of the residentiary canons only. The cathedral is therefore largely self-funded. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Cathedral The boys are aged eight to thirteen. They receive scholarships and attend St Edmund's School, Canterbury. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Cathedral The Virgin Galactic passenger list is posted on a website not associated with Virgin Galactic. The site lists space tourists who have booked a flight with Virgin Galactic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Galactic The first was that he move from Mill Hill to Oxford, which he did in 1885. Murray had his Scriptorium re-erected on his new property. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford English Dictionary A specialized search engine and display software were also needed to access it. Under a 1985 agreement, some of this software work was done at the University of Waterloo, Canada, at the Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary, led by Frank Tompa and Gaston Gonnet; this search technology went on to become the basis for the Open Text Corporation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford English Dictionary It was first published in 1924.In 1998 the New Oxford Dictionary of English (NODE) was published. While also aiming to cover current English, NODE was not based on the OED. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford English Dictionary Several of Christ Church's deans achieved high academic distinction, notably Owen under the Commonwealth, Aldrich and Fell in the Restoration period, Jackson and Gaisford in the early 19th century and Liddell in the high Victorian era. For over four centuries Christ Church admitted men only; the first female students at Christ Church matriculated in 1980. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The present director of music (known as the organist), is Steven Grahl who succeeded Stephen Darlington in September 2018. In recent years, the choir have commissioned recorded works by contemporary composers such as John Tavener, William Mathias and Howard Goodall, also patron of Christ Church Music Society. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford They appeared in Howard Goodall's Big Bangs, broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 in March 2000. Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. The disc featured on BBC Radio 3's In Tune on 26 September 2011 and on Radio 3's Breakfast Show on 27 September that year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. Many of the works were bequeathed by a former member of the college, General John Guise (1682/3-1765), enabling the creation of the first public art gallery in Britain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford As well as rooms for accommodation, the buildings of Christ Church include the cathedral, one of the smallest in England, which also acts as the college chapel, a great hall, two libraries, two bars, and separate common rooms for dons, graduates and undergraduates. There are also gardens and a neighbouring sports ground and boat-house. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford "Those twins / Of learning that he [Wolsey] raised in you, Ipswich and Oxford! one of which fell with him, --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford "By way of light entertainment, I should tell the Committee that it is well known that a match between an archer and a golfer can be fairly close. I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford After plans to build the 92-story Millennium Tower were dropped, 30 St Mary Axe was designed by Norman Foster and Arup Group. It was erected by Skanska; construction started in 2001.The building has become a recognisable landmark of London, and it is one of the city's most widely recognised examples of contemporary architecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 30 St Mary Axe The United Kingdom government's statutory adviser on the historic environment, English Heritage, and the City of London's governing body, the City of London Corporation, were keen that any redevelopment must restore the Baltic Exchange's old façade onto St Mary Axe. The Exchange Hall was a celebrated fixture of the shipping market. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 30 St Mary Axe " The mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave in Santa Maria Maggiore gave a model for the future representations of the Virgin Mary. The influences of these mosaics are rooted in late antique impressionism that could be seen in frescoes, manuscript paintings and many pavement mosaics across villas in Africa, Syria and Sicily during the 5th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Maria Maggiore Under the high altar of the basilica is the Crypt of the Nativity or Bethlehem Crypt, with a crystal reliquary designed by Giuseppe Valadier said to contain wood from the Holy Crib of the nativity of Jesus Christ. Here is the burial place of Saint Jerome, the 4th-century Doctor of the Church who translated the Bible into the Latin language (the Vulgate). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Maria Maggiore St Paul also installed an organ. His works were destroyed by the major rebuilding project in the 1870s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin In 1539, King Henry VIII converted the priory to a cathedral with a dean and chapter and worked to ensure Christ Church adhered to his new church structure. His immediate successor, Edward VI of England, in 1547, provided funds for an increase in cathedral staffing and annual royal funding for the choir school. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church has a range of historical archives and has arranged for a number of publications over the years, as well as maintaining a website since the 1990s. This work is overseen by the "Honorary Keeper of the Archives" and the "Web and e-mail Editor", along with the honorary secretary of Christ Church Publications, Ltd. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin As Christ Church receives no regular state support, while it welcomes all guests and has a chapel for those who simply wish to pray, there are fees for sightseeing, which can also be paid in combination with the purchase of a ticket for the neighbouring "Dublinia" exhibition. There is a gift shop with souvenirs, recordings of cathedral music groups and publications. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin It shows a "pin" or "dot" effect in the texture. Royal Oxford is considered a more formal option. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford (cloth) Royal Oxford is considered a more formal option. It is suited to business or sporty dress codes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford (cloth) Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford The skeletons of more than thirty suspected victims were unearthed in 2008 during the course of building work at St John's College. The ‘massacre’ was a contributing factor to King Sweyn I of Denmark’s invasion of England in 1003 and the sacking of Oxford by the Danes in 1004.Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford The city is served by the M40 motorway, which connects London to Birmingham. The M40 approached Oxford in 1974, leading from London to Waterstock, where the A40 continued to Oxford. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford Tradition has it that George Frideric Handel performed there, though there is little evidence. Joseph Haydn was awarded an honorary doctorate by Oxford University in 1791, an event commemorated by three concerts of his music at the Sheldonian Theatre, directed by the composer and from which his Symphony No. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford In 1997, Oxford played host to Radio 1's Sound City, with acts such as Travis, Bentley Rhythm Ace, Embrace, Spiritualized and DJ Shadow playing in various venues around the city including Oxford Brookes University. It is also home to several brass bands, notably the City of Oxford Silver Band, founded in 1887. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford There are several hockey clubs based in Oxford. The Oxford Hockey Club (formed after a merger of City of Oxford HC and Rover Oxford HC in 2011) plays most of its home games on the pitch at Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus and also uses the pitches at Headington Girls' School and Iffley Road. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford The building has one of the largest musical instruments in the world, the Hazel Wright Memorial Organ. Until 2013, the building was the principal place of worship for Crystal Cathedral Ministries (now Shepherd's Grove), a congregation of the Reformed Church in America, founded in 1955 by Robert H. Schuller. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) The congregation moved to the present Christ Cathedral campus in 1961, erecting a building now known as the Arboretum, designed by architect Richard Neutra, as its initial sanctuary. In 1968, the congregation completed the Tower of Hope to provide office and classroom space but continued growth led to the need for a new sanctuary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) That congregation held its first service at the campus of the former St. Callistus Church, which it renamed Shepherd's Grove, on July 7, 2013. The new location is 12921 Lewis Street at Garden Grove Boulevard, one mile south of the Crystal Cathedral building. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California) He funded schooling at the Press and the endowment of St. Barnabas Church in Oxford. Combe's wealth also extended to becoming the first patron of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, and he and his wife Martha bought most of the group's early work, including The Light of the World by William Holman Hunt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford University Press "I do not think the University can produce enough books to ruin us," he remarked. His efforts were helped by the efficiency of the print shop. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford University Press The cathedral was originally the church of St Frideswide's Priory. The site was historically presumed to be the location of the nunnery founded by St Frideswide, the patron saint of Oxford, and the shrine now in the Latin Chapel, originally containing relics translated at the rebuilding in 1180, was the focus of pilgrimage from at least the 12th until the early 16th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford The choristers are drawn from schools around Oxford, and sing evensong once a week. The choir is directed by Helen Smee. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford Groundbreaking took place on the site of the gardens of 87 St Stephen's Green in May 1855. It was founded by John Henry Newman for the newly-founded Catholic University of Ireland, and designed by John Hungerford Pollen (senior) in a Byzantine Revival style, due to Newman's dislike of Gothic architecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Newman University Church The Virgin label was distributed in the US by Atlantic from 1973 to 1975. During this period, 14 albums were issued. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Records Album in the World... Ever! collections under the label name Virgin TV or EMI/Virgin TV. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Virgin Records The inauguration of the university and the installation of Rowan Williams as chancellor took place in a ceremony at Canterbury Cathedral in December 2005.In 2007, the university attracted publicity due to its controversial policy forbidding civil partnership ceremonies to take place at its properties. This decision by the university's governing body has since been reversed and in 2018, the University sponsored Pride Canterbury. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Christ Church University In 2000, Canterbury Christ Church acquired the lease of the Sidney Cooper Gallery in Canterbury city centre, originally established as an art school by the noted cattle painter Thomas Sidney Cooper in 1868. Art students moved into the building in December 2002, taking it back to its original use as an art school. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Christ Church University In 2009 the university built Christ Church Sports Centre which houses health and fitness facilities for students and staff. The centre includes facilities for a variety of sports including cricket, volleyball, badminton, football and netball, an exercise studio, a climbing wall and a gym. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canterbury Christ Church University Developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca, it is given by intramuscular injection, using as a vector the modified chimpanzee adenovirus ChAdOx1. Studies carried out in 2020 showed that the efficacy of the vaccine is 76.0% at preventing symptomatic COVID-19 beginning at 22 days following the first dose and 81.3% after the second dose. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine On 23 November 2020, the first interim data was released by Oxford University and AstraZeneca from the vaccine's ongoing Phase III trials. The interim data reported a 70% efficacy, based on combined results of 62% and 90% from different groups of participants who were given different dosages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine The United States Virgin Islands Department of Education serves as the territory's education agency, and has two school districts: St. Thomas-St. John School District and St. Croix School District. The University of the Virgin Islands provides higher education leading to associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees, with campuses on St. Thomas and St. Croix. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Virgin Islands
3646.	Q: Were the concentric circles on the curling field at the 2014 winter olympics the same colors as those at the 2010 winter olympics? Title = Women's tournament curling, 2014 Winter Olympics, Round robin.JPG Description = Title = 2010 Winter Olympics - Curling - Women - GBR-SWE Description = A: no Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Concentric Circles (Chris Potter album), Colors (film), Complementary colors, 2010 Winter Olympics, Three Colours trilogy, Mitsuboshi Colors, Circle (2015 film), Colors of noise, Analogous colors, 1988 Winter Olympics, 2026 Winter Olympics, Conformal cyclic cosmology, List of Crayola crayon colors, Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics, Inferno (Dante), Ice hockey at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament, Colors II, Independent Olympic Participants at the 2014 Winter Olympics, Concentric objects, Magic circle (mathematics), 2014 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympic Games, Web colors, Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics, 2022 Winter Olympics, Sonic Colors, 2030 Winter Olympics, 2014 Winter Olympics medal table, Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics, Stone circle, Rainbow, Carcassonne, Concentric zone model, 1980 Winter Olympics, Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics, 2018 Winter Olympics, Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament, 2010 Winter Olympics medal table Toggle details	However, circles in three-dimensional space may be concentric, and have the same radius as each other, but nevertheless be different circles. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Concentric objects As a result, the same logic applies as to colors produced by light. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Complementary colors More generally, every two great circles on a sphere are concentric with each other and with the sphere. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Concentric objects Each two circles in the pencil are concentric, and have different radii. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Concentric objects Burials have been found at all excavated concentric stone circles: both inhumations and cremations. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stone circle This theory states that the concentric circles are based on the amount that people will pay for the land. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Concentric zone model The ripples formed by dropping a small object into still water naturally form an expanding system of concentric circles. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Concentric objects However, circles in three-dimensional space may be concentric, and have the same radius as each other, but nevertheless be different circles. For example, two different meridians of a terrestrial globe are concentric with each other and with the globe of the earth (approximated as a sphere). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Concentric objects In terms of complementary/opposite colors, this model gives exactly the same result as using the RGB model. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Complementary colors It includes eight standard colors, eight pearl versions of the same colors, and the same eight colors with silver glitter. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of Crayola crayon colors In the Euclidean plane, two circles that are concentric necessarily have different radii from each other. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Concentric objects In terms of complementary/opposite colors, this model gives exactly the same result as using the RGB model. Black is added when needed to make the colors darker. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Complementary colors Fifty people awaken in a darkened room, arranged in two concentric circles around a giant gloomy black dome. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Circle (2015 film) The circles are concentric, representing a gradual increase in wickedness, and culminating at the centre of the earth, where Satan is held in bondage. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Inferno (Dante) In geometry, two or more objects are said to be concentric, coaxal, or coaxial when they share the same center or axis. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric objects The region of the plane between two concentric circles is an annulus, and analogously the region of space between two concentric spheres is a spherical shell. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric objects Every two disjoint circles, and every hyperbolic pencil of circles, may be transformed into a set of concentric circles by a Möbius transformation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric objects Evenly spaced circles on the targets used in target archery or similar sports provide another familiar example of concentric circles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric objects Each two circles in the pencil are concentric, and have different radii. Every point in the plane, except for the shared center, belongs to exactly one of the circles in the pencil. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric objects Notice that the colors named in the report use different color values than the web colors of the same name. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Web colors Burials have been found at all excavated concentric stone circles: both inhumations and cremations. The burnt remains have been found either within an urn or placed directly in the earth. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stone circle If the rays of light coming from a farther light source reflect to any point on axis of the concave mirror, they form concentric circles in that point. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rainbow This theory states that the concentric circles are based on the amount that people will pay for the land. This value is based on the profits that are obtainable from maintaining a business on that land. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concentric zone model Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics Color printing, like painting, also uses subtractive colors, but the complementary colors are different from those used in painting. As a result, the same logic applies as to colors produced by light. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Complementary colors Circles, regular polygons and regular polyhedra, and spheres may be concentric to one another (sharing the same center point), as may cylinders (sharing the same central axis). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concentric objects For example, two different meridians of a terrestrial globe are concentric with each other and with the globe of the earth (approximated as a sphere). More generally, every two great circles on a sphere are concentric with each other and with the sphere. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concentric objects For a given point c in the plane, the set of all circles having c as their center forms a pencil of circles. Each two circles in the pencil are concentric, and have different radii. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concentric objects One of his magic circles was constructed from 33 natural numbers from 1 to 33 arranged on four concentric circles, with 9 at the center. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Magic circle (mathematics) The format was the same as 2010; there were three groups of 4 to determine seeding, with four rounds of elimination games. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Burgess's work helped generate the bid rent curve. This theory states that the concentric circles are based on the amount that people will pay for the land. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concentric zone model Having a high-key analogous color scheme can give a piece a stimulating shimmer that pleases the eye, making everything seem the same color at first until approach. The colors are pure and aren't affected by their complements which grab attention. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Analogous colors Three groups have independently attempted to reproduce these results, but found that the detection of the concentric anomalies was not statistically significant, in that no more concentric circles appeared in the data than in Lambda-CDM simulations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Conformal cyclic cosmology Virgil proceeds to guide Dante through the nine circles of Hell. The circles are concentric, representing a gradual increase in wickedness, and culminating at the centre of the earth, where Satan is held in bondage. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Inferno (Dante) Every point in the plane, except for the shared center, belongs to exactly one of the circles in the pencil. Every two disjoint circles, and every hyperbolic pencil of circles, may be transformed into a set of concentric circles by a Möbius transformation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concentric objects The ripples formed by dropping a small object into still water naturally form an expanding system of concentric circles. Evenly spaced circles on the targets used in target archery or similar sports provide another familiar example of concentric circles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concentric objects The number of multiple entries was the same as usual for the World Championships; countries who earned multiple spots to the Olympics also earned multiple spots to the 2010 World Figure Skating Championships. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics A concentric stone circle is a type of prehistoric monument consisting of a circular or oval arrangement of two or more stone circles set within one another. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stone circle He thinks that such sites in Cumbria are analogous to the kerbs that surround some chamber tombs. Burials have been found at all excavated concentric stone circles: both inhumations and cremations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stone circle When it is supposed that the sun as a farther light source, the eye of viewer as a point on the axis of mirror and a cloud as a reflecting surface, then it can be observed the concentric circles are forming on the axis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rainbow Complementary colors may also be called "opposite colors". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Complementary colors Black is added when needed to make the colors darker. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Complementary colors As a result, the same logic applies as to colors produced by light. Color printing uses the CMYK color model, making colors by overprinting cyan, magenta, yellow, and black ink. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Complementary colors In printing the most common complementary colors are magenta–green, yellow–blue, and cyan–red. In terms of complementary/opposite colors, this model gives exactly the same result as using the RGB model. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Complementary colors However, the statistical significance of the claimed detection has since been disputed. Three groups have independently attempted to reproduce these results, but found that the detection of the concentric anomalies was not statistically significant, in that no more concentric circles appeared in the data than in Lambda-CDM simulations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Conformal cyclic cosmology The region of the plane between two concentric circles is an annulus, and analogously the region of space between two concentric spheres is a spherical shell. For a given point c in the plane, the set of all circles having c as their center forms a pencil of circles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Concentric objects It is the arrangement of natural numbers on circles where the sum of the numbers on each circle and the sum of numbers on diameter are identical. One of his magic circles was constructed from 33 natural numbers from 1 to 33 arranged on four concentric circles, with 9 at the center. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Magic circle (mathematics) The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, were a winter multi-sport event held in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table This suggests that stone circles were constructed for ceremonies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stone circle Unlike a double rainbow that consists of two separate and concentric rainbow arcs, the very rare twinned rainbow appears as two rainbow arcs that split from a single base. The colours in the second bow, rather than reversing as in a secondary rainbow, appear in the same order as the primary rainbow. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rainbow This was South Korea's third consecutive bid for the Winter Olympics, having been defeated by Vancouver and Sochi respectively in the final rounds of voting for the 2010 and 2014 Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those two colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Complementary colors The effect that colors have upon each other had been noted since antiquity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Complementary colors He also found that it was possible to create virtually any other color by modifying the intensity of these colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Complementary colors Other scientists looked more closely at the use of complementary colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Complementary colors There were a number of events that were proposed to be included in the 2010 Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Winter Olympics 82 National Olympic Committees (NOC) entered teams in the 2010 Winter Olympics. Cayman Islands, Colombia, Ghana, Montenegro, Pakistan, Peru and Serbia made their winter Olympic debuts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Winter Olympics On October 9, 2017, the IOC announced that three positive doping cases had been found from their re-analysis programme from the 2010 games. All three cases belonged to the same athlete, whose identity was not released at the time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Winter Olympics The colors are pure and aren't affected by their complements which grab attention. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Analogous colors Before 1988, Canada was not a winter sports power. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1988 Winter Olympics In 2010, Penrose and Vahe Gurzadyan published a preprint of a paper claiming that observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the BOOMERanG experiment contained an excess of concentric circles compared to simulations based on the standard Lambda-CDM model of cosmology, quoting a 6-sigma significance of the result. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Conformal cyclic cosmology Four of the colors are named after four of the standard colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors Also, one of the colors is named before a Metallic FX color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors The 30 crayons all consisted of regular Crayola colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors Only four of the colors were available in the U.K. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors The 16 crayons all consisted of regular Crayola colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors The hex triplets below are representative of the colors produced by the named crayons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors The colors are from the standard list of crayon colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors It contains eight eXtreme colors, eight metallic colors, and eight rainbow colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors One of the new colors, Hot Magenta, shared a name with one of the original colors, now Razzle Dazzle Rose. For some reason, two of the original eight fluorescent crayons have the same color as two of the newer crayons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors For some reason, two of the original eight fluorescent crayons have the same color as two of the newer crayons. In 1992, the fluorescent colors were added to the new No. 96 box, becoming part of the standard lineup. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors The colors' hexadecimal values are currently unknown. The names of the colors are listed below: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Crayola crayon colors We told them we didn't have the directives for winter sports at that time, but they had to know it was coming. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics In the poem, Hell is depicted as nine concentric circles of torment located within the Earth; it is the "realm ... of those who have rejected spiritual values by yielding to bestial appetites or violence, or by perverting their human intellect to fraud or malice against their fellowmen". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Inferno (Dante) I wrote lyrics in the same way, but they felt new. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Colors II By Euler's theorem in geometry on the distance between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle, two concentric circles (with that distance being zero) are the circumcircle and incircle of a triangle if and only if the radius of one is twice the radius of the other, in which case the triangle is equilateral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concentric objects The circumcircle and the incircle of a regular n-gon, and the regular n-gon itself, are concentric. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concentric objects The same can be said of a regular polyhedron's insphere, midsphere and circumsphere. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concentric objects In geometry, two or more objects are said to be concentric, coaxal, or coaxial when they share the same center or axis. Circles, regular polygons and regular polyhedra, and spheres may be concentric to one another (sharing the same center point), as may cylinders (sharing the same central axis). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concentric objects Johannes Kepler's Mysterium Cosmographicum envisioned a cosmological system formed by concentric regular polyhedra and spheres. Concentric circles are also found in diopter sights, a type of mechanic sights commonly found on target rifles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concentric objects XXII Olimpiyskiye zimniye igry) and commonly known as Sochi 2014, was an international winter multi-sport event that was held from 7 to 23 February 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics The breakdown of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics costs === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics User agents vary in the fidelity with which they represent the specified colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Web colors These colors were chosen specifically because they matched the palettes selected by various browser applications. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Web colors The following table shows all of the "web-safe" colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Web colors For those placing above 16th, the placement rank was the same as the placement score. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics There are approximately 1,300 stone circles in Britain and Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stone circle Ancient stone circles are found throughout the Horn of Africa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stone circle The circles of stone are believed to mark associated graves. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stone circle For the same reason, moonbows are often perceived as white and may be thought of as monochrome. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rainbow Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. Since then, South Korea made great progress in preparing to host the Winter Olympics and succeeded in hosting the 2018 Olympics after three challenges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics The 2010 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXI Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, from February 12 to February 28. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Winter Olympics medal table Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors The complement of any primary color can be made by combining the two other primary colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors In the RGB model, the primary colors are red, green, and blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors Color printing, like painting, also uses subtractive colors, but the complementary colors are different from those used in painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors Goethe also proposed several sets of complementary colors which "demanded" each other. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors At about the same time that Goethe was publishing his theory, a British physicist, doctor and Egyptologist, Thomas Young (1773–1829), showed by experiments that it was not necessary to use all the colors of spectrum to create white light; it could be done by combining the light of just three colors; red, green, and blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors This discovery was the foundation of additive colors, and of the RGB color model. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors This discovery led to the system used today to create colors on a computer or television display. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors At about the same time as Young discovered additive colors, another British scientist, David Brewster (1781–1868), the inventor of the kaleidoscope, proposed a competing theory that the true primary colors were red, yellow, and blue, and that the true complementary pairs were red–green, blue–orange, and yellow–purple. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors Monet was familiar with the science of complementary colors, and used them with enthusiasm. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors the primary colors seem more brilliant when they are in contrast with their complementary colors". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors This also extends to other fields such as contrasting colors in logos and retail display. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those two colors. Complementary colors may also be called "opposite colors". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Complementary colors Vancouver faced two other finalists shortlisted that same February: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics She would also be banned from the next Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, in 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics All three cases belonged to the same athlete, whose identity was not released at the time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics It was inspired by the 1957 drama 12 Angry Men and was shot in 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Circle (2015 film) Principal photography began in February 2014 and lasted two weeks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Circle (2015 film) There are also many colors used without precise definitions (or as synonyms for formally defined colors), sometimes with multiple definitions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Colors of noise The table below represents all of the colors found in regular Crayola assortments from 1903 to the present. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors Four of the colors are included in the regular 96-count crayon box. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors In the table, the background approximates the primary color and the text is in the two supporting colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors Although the names of these crayons were new, all but one of the colors were borrowed from Crayola's fluorescent crayons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors However, it did not contain any color names. The hex triplets below are representative of the colors produced by the named crayons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors They are nearly half the size of large twistable crayons. The colors' hexadecimal values are shown below. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors The colors' hexadecimal values are shown below. The colors are from the standard list of crayon colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Crayola crayon colors Canada hosted and participated in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics Canada was allowed a team of 19 skiers, which was announced on 27 January 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics The 11 athlete team was announced on 22 January 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics Participants were decided at the 2010 Canadian Figure Skating Championships. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics The full 18 athlete team was announced on 25 January 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics We told them we didn't have the directives for winter sports at that time, but they had to know it was coming. … We let them know it would be a harder issue than before." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics Virgil proceeds to guide Dante through the nine circles of Hell. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Inferno (Dante) The circles are concentric, representing a gradual increase in wickedness, and culminating at the centre of the earth, where Satan is held in bondage. The sinners of each circle are punished for eternity in a fashion fitting their crimes: each punishment is a contrapasso, a symbolic instance of poetic justice. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Inferno (Dante) For a given point c in the plane, the set of all circles having c as their center forms a pencil of circles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concentric objects Every point in the plane, except for the shared center, belongs to exactly one of the circles in the pencil. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concentric objects Yang Hui magic eight circles in a square === --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Magic circle (mathematics) Yang Hui Magic Nine circles in a square === --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Magic circle (mathematics) Each number, with 16 added, was placed at the intersection symmetric about the centre of the circles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Magic circle (mathematics) The 2014 Winter Olympics were the most expensive Games in the history of the Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics It is also the first time that an Olympic Park has been built for hosting winter games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics Laura and Rosa Khutor electrical substations were completed in November 2010 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics (Russian: XXII Олимпийские зимние игры, tr. XXII Olimpiyskiye zimniye igry) and commonly known as Sochi 2014, was an international winter multi-sport event that was held from 7 to 23 February 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics Sochi 2014 is the 12th straight Olympics to outlaw smoking; all Sochi venues, Olympic Park bars and restaurants and public areas were smoke-free during the Games. It is also the first time that an Olympic Park has been built for hosting winter games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The 1992 Winter Games were the last to be held in the same year as the Summer Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The Games took place from 7 to 23 February 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games In contrast the 2014 games had large cost due to most installations had to be built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The Olympic Charter limits winter sports to "those ... which are practised on snow or ice." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Both the 2006 and 2010 Games, which were hosted in countries where large cities are located close to suitable mountain regions, had lower costs since more venues, hotels and transport infrastructure already existed. In contrast the 2014 games had large cost due to most installations had to be built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Web colors are colors used in displaying web pages on the World Wide Web, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors Thus web colors specify colors in the 24-bit RGB color scheme. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors The number of colors that can be represented by this system is 166 or 2563 or 224 = 16,777,216. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors These colors were standardized by SVG 1.0, and are accepted by SVG Full user agents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors This means that the list of colors found in X11 (e.g., in /usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt) should not directly be used to choose colors for the web. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors In the mid-1990s, many displays were only capable of displaying 256 colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Web colors The tournament featured 12 countries, 9 qualifying through the IIHF World Ranking, and 3 through subsequent qualifying tournaments. The format was the same as 2010; there were three groups of 4 to determine seeding, with four rounds of elimination games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics The format was the same as 2010; there were three groups of 4 to determine seeding, with four rounds of elimination games. Each group winner received a bye into the second round, along with the best second place team while the remaining eight teams played a qualification game. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Sonic Colors is a 2010 platform game published by Sega. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sonic Colors Vancouver, Canada; site of the 2010 Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2030 Winter Olympics set a world record for three triple Axels in the same competition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics The majority of the country qualification took place at the 2009 World Figure Skating Championships, where countries qualified up to three entries in each discipline. The number of multiple entries was the same as usual for the World Championships; countries who earned multiple spots to the Olympics also earned multiple spots to the 2010 World Figure Skating Championships. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics Recumbent stone circles are a variation containing a single large stone placed on its side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle Scottish recumbent circles are usually flanked by the two largest of the standing stones immediately on either side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle Irish axial stone circles are found in Cork and Kerry counties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle Alternatively, they may be replicas of earlier timber circles rebuilt in stone, especially the examples in Wessex. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle Small stone circles here surround two enclosed platform monuments, which are set together. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle Some sites do not contain evidence of human dwelling. This suggests that stone circles were constructed for ceremonies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle A concentric stone circle is a type of prehistoric monument consisting of a circular or oval arrangement of two or more stone circles set within one another. They were in use from the late Neolithic to the end of the early Bronze Age and are found in England and Scotland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stone circle All raindrops refract and reflect the sunlight in the same way, but only the light from some raindrops reaches the observer's eye. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rainbow The five events took place between 6–22 February 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics He also pointed out how Sotnikova had her component scores boosted compared to her previous programs Michael Weiss, a two-time world bronze medalist, wrote "couldn't disagree more that Yuna and Sotnikova had basically same Component marks?..in Both short & long? Home field inflation." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics The record was previously held by the USA who won 37 medals in Vancouver in 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics This was South Korea's third consecutive bid for the Winter Olympics, having been defeated by Vancouver and Sochi respectively in the final rounds of voting for the 2010 and 2014 Games. Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics The IIHF selected 14 referees and 14 linesmen to work the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The IIHF selected 14 referees and 14 linesmen to work the 2014 Winter Olympics. They were the following: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The complement of any primary color can be made by combining the two other primary colors. For example, to achieve the complement of yellow (a primary color) one could combine red and blue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Complementary colors The result would be purple, which appears directly across from yellow on the color wheel. Continuing with the color wheel model, one could then combine yellow and purple, which essentially means that all three primary colors would be present at once. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Complementary colors Complementary colors can create some striking optical effects. The shadow of an object appears to contain some of the complementary color of the object. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Complementary colors This also extends to other fields such as contrasting colors in logos and retail display. When placed next to each other, complements make each other appear brighter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Complementary colors The colors are pure and aren't affected by their complements which grab attention. This was commonly used in impressionism by artists such as Monet, Pissarro, and Degas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Analogous colors In 1980, "Light Blue" was discontinued and replaced with Black. The colors' hexadecimal values are currently unknown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors Four of the colors are named after four of the standard colors. Also, one of the colors is named before a Metallic FX color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors Also, one of the colors is named before a Metallic FX color. The colors' hexadecimal values are currently unknown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors In 1990, Crayola released Silver Swirls, a pack of 24 silvery colors. The colors' hexadecimal values are approximated below. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors However, it did not contain any color names in North America. Only four of the colors were available in the U.K. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors None of the crayons were named after or given the scent of foods. The 16 crayons all consisted of regular Crayola colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors The Silly Scents Crayons are produced by Crayola in a 16-pack. The 16 crayons all consisted of regular Crayola colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Crayola crayon colors [...] We got directives on the summer uniforms two years ago, and we shared it then with the winter sports. We told them we didn't have the directives for winter sports at that time, but they had to know it was coming. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics The Inferno describes Dante's journey through Hell, guided by the ancient Roman poet Virgil. In the poem, Hell is depicted as nine concentric circles of torment located within the Earth; it is the "realm ... of those who have rejected spiritual values by yielding to bestial appetites or violence, or by perverting their human intellect to fraud or malice against their fellowmen". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Inferno (Dante) It is described as "a part where no thing gleams". They find their way hindered by the serpentine Minos, who judges all of those condemned for active, deliberately willed sin to one of the lower circles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Inferno (Dante) With last year, I was in a perfect position to do that. I wrote lyrics in the same way, but they felt new. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Colors II I wrote lyrics in the same way, but they felt new. It was more of a real-world concept by virtue of making a continuation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Colors II XXII Olimpiyskiye zimniye igry) and commonly known as Sochi 2014, was an international winter multi-sport event that was held from 7 to 23 February 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Opening rounds in certain events were held on 6 February 2014, the day before the opening ceremony. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Winter Olympics "Official website" (in Russian, English, and French). Archived from the original on 1 August 2014. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Winter Olympics Archived from the original on 1 August 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2015.CS1 maint: bot: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Winter Olympics These colors were standardized by SVG 1.0, and are accepted by SVG Full user agents. They are not part of SVG Tiny. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Web colors In the mid-1990s, many displays were only capable of displaying 256 colors. These may be dictated by the hardware or changeable by a "color table". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Web colors These colors were chosen specifically because they matched the palettes selected by various browser applications. There were not very different palettes in use in different browsers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Web colors Some browsers and devices do not support colors. For these displays or blind and colorblind users, Web content depending on colors can be unusable or difficult to use. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Web colors The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, were a winter multi-sport event held in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February. A total of 2,873 athletes from 88 nations participated in 98 events in 7 sports across 15 different disciplines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table Scottish recumbent circles are usually flanked by the two largest of the standing stones immediately on either side. These are known as 'flankers'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stone circle Small stone circles here surround two enclosed platform monuments, which are set together. The circles of stone are believed to mark associated graves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stone circle Rainbows can be full circles. However, the observer normally sees only an arc formed by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the Sun to the observer's eye. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rainbow All raindrops refract and reflect the sunlight in the same way, but only the light from some raindrops reaches the observer's eye. This light is what constitutes the rainbow for that observer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rainbow The colours in the second bow, rather than reversing as in a secondary rainbow, appear in the same order as the primary rainbow. A "normal" secondary rainbow may be present as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rainbow In his Maqala fi al-Hala wa Qaws Quzah (On the Rainbow and Halo), al-Haytham "explained the formation of rainbow as an image, which forms at a concave mirror. If the rays of light coming from a farther light source reflect to any point on axis of the concave mirror, they form concentric circles in that point. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rainbow
6890.	Q: Which fungus more closely resembles a shellfish; Entoloma hochstetteri or Pleurotus ostreatus? Title = Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom), gills from below. Sycamore tree host Description = Title = Entoloma hochstetteri Description = A: Pleurotus ostreatus Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Entoloma cetratum, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Entoloma sinuatum, Entoloma moongum, Pleurotus ostreatus, Reischek's parakeet, Omphalotus nidiformis, South Island takahē, Entoloma sordidulum, Powelliphanta hochstetteri, Pleurotus eryngii, Entoloma alboumbonatum, Entoloma, Trema orientalis, Hochstetter's frog, Hexathele hochstetteri, Pleurotus, Rangitoto Range, Pleurotus djamor, List of Entoloma species, Liarea hochstetteri, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Entoloma holoconiotum, Pleurotus cornucopiae, New Zealand fifty-dollar note, Entoloma hochstetteri, Entoloma abortivum, Olea hochstetteri, Pleurotus dryinus, Helophilus hochstetteri, Pleurotus pulmonarius Toggle details	Whether Entoloma hochstetteri is poisonous or not is unknown. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma alboumbonatum is an inedible species of fungus in the agaric genus Entoloma. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Entoloma alboumbonatum Pleurotus is not considered to be a bracket fungus, and most of the species are monomitic (with a soft consistency). --- (0.17, 0.11, 0.06000000000000001) Pleurotus In 1976 Egon Horak combined Entoloma hochstetteri and Entoloma aeruginosum from Japan with Entoloma virescens, first described from the Bonin Islands in Japan. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma hochstetteri has a small delicate epigeous (above-ground) fruit body (basidiocarp). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma moongum is a South Australian species of fungus in the large agaric genus Entoloma (subgenus Leptonia). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Entoloma moongum Entoloma hochstetteri is common in forests throughout New Zealand, where it grows on soil among litter in broadleaf/podocarp forest. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Entoloma hochstetteri On the back was the kōkako (blue wattled crow) and the sky-blue mushroom (Entoloma hochstetteri), and in the background is Pureora Forest Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New Zealand fifty-dollar note Entoloma hochstetteri, also known as the blue pinkgill, sky-blue mushroom or similar names, is a species of mushroom that is native to New Zealand. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Entoloma hochstetteri The blue colouring of the fruit body is due to three azulene pigments. Whether Entoloma hochstetteri is poisonous or not is unknown. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma hochstetteri is common in forests throughout New Zealand, where it grows on soil among litter in broadleaf/podocarp forest. It fruits in January to July. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Entoloma hochstetteri This rhodopolioid clade lay within a crown Entoloma clade. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Entoloma sinuatum Entoloma alboumbonatum is an inedible species of fungus in the agaric genus Entoloma. Found in the United States, it was described by mycologist Lexemuel Ray Hesler in 1967. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Entoloma alboumbonatum In 1976 Egon Horak combined Entoloma hochstetteri and Entoloma aeruginosum from Japan with Entoloma virescens, first described from the Bonin Islands in Japan. In 1989 S. Dhancholia recorded E. hochstetteri in India. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Entoloma hochstetteri It is a white-rot wood-decay fungus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pleurotus ostreatus Common names include ghost fungus and Australian glow fungus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Omphalotus nidiformis Entoloma sordidulum is a mushroom found in North America. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Entoloma sordidulum In the case of Entoloma, the term refers to mushrooms with the hem turned inside. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Entoloma This is an incomplete list of species in the genus Entoloma. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Entoloma species Entoloma holoconiotum is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Entoloma holoconiotum It is named after the German-Austrian naturalist Ferdinand von Hochstetter. In 1976 Egon Horak combined Entoloma hochstetteri and Entoloma aeruginosum from Japan with Entoloma virescens, first described from the Bonin Islands in Japan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma hochstetteri has a small delicate epigeous (above-ground) fruit body (basidiocarp). The cap may be up to 4 cm (1.4 in) in diameter and conical in shape. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Entoloma hochstetteri H. hochstetteri is often seen on flowers collecting pollen and nectar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Helophilus hochstetteri Entoloma cetratum is a common, inedible mushroom of the genus Entoloma. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Entoloma cetratum Quélet himself, who was poisoned by the fungus, called it the miller's purge, akin to another common name of false miller. Within the large genus Entoloma, which contains around 1500 species, E. sinuatum has been classically placed in the section Entoloma within the subgenus Entoloma, as it is the type species of the genus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Entoloma sinuatum First described scientifically in 1844, the fungus has been known by several names in its taxonomic history. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Omphalotus nidiformis Miller notes that the colours and shades of the ghost fungus most closely resemble this species. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Omphalotus nidiformis Most entolomas are very difficult to identify, but Entoloma abortivum is edible. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Entoloma In 1989 S. Dhancholia recorded E. hochstetteri in India. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Entoloma hochstetteri The golden oyster mushroom, like other species of oyster mushroom, is a wood-decay fungus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pleurotus citrinopileatus Some guidebooks refer to it by its older scientific names of Entoloma lividum or Rhodophyllus sinuatus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sinuatum The largest mushroom of the genus of pink-spored fungi known as Entoloma, it is also the type species. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sinuatum Quélet himself, who was poisoned by the fungus, called it the miller's purge, akin to another common name of false miller. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sinuatum Entoloma sinuatum is fairly common and widespread across North America as far south as Arizona. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sinuatum This fungus has been cited as being responsible for 10% of all mushroom poisonings in Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sinuatum The fruit bodies of the ghost fungus can be found on dead or diseased wood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Omphalotus nidiformis The gills are the most luminescent part of the fungus, emitting a greenish light that fades with age. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Omphalotus nidiformis Entoloma sordidulum is a mushroom found in North America. Rhodophyllus sordidulus is a synonym. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma sordidulum The specific name hochstetteri is in honor of Ferdinand von Hochstetter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Powelliphanta hochstetteri Entoloma is a large genus of terrestrial pink-gilled mushrooms, with about 1,000 species. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma Hexethele hochstetteri was first was described by the Austrian arachnologist Anton Ausserer in 1871, and placed in his newly created genus Hexethele. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hexathele hochstetteri Entoloma ferreri (T.J. Baroni, Perd.-Sánch. & S.A. Cantrell) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Entoloma species The design also featured a tukutuku pattern known as poutama (stairway to heaven) that is found at Porourangi meeting house. On the back was the kōkako (blue wattled crow) and the sky-blue mushroom (Entoloma hochstetteri), and in the background is Pureora Forest Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New Zealand fifty-dollar note With E. hochstetteri's inclusion, this makes it the only banknote in the world which features a mushroom on it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma hochstetteri Although many members of the genus Entoloma are poisonous, the toxicity of this species is unknown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma hochstetteri Entoloma hochstetteri, also known as the blue pinkgill, sky-blue mushroom or similar names, is a species of mushroom that is native to New Zealand. The small mushroom is a distinctive all-blue colour, while the gills have a slight reddish tint from the spores. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma hochstetteri Caution should be used in identifying the species before eating (similar species such as Entoloma sinuatum being poisonous). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Entoloma abortivum The original definition of this fungus as Agaricus dryinus was made by Persoon in 1800. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pleurotus dryinus Helophilus hochstetteri, commonly called the metallic blue hoverfly is a native hoverfly of New Zealand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Helophilus hochstetteri Entoloma cetratum is a common, inedible mushroom of the genus Entoloma. It is mostly found from May, in coniferous forest, among moss. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma cetratum Thus Entoloma sinuatum, which Fries had sanctioned, still had to be used for the species described by Quélet even though Bulliard's name was the older one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma sinuatum He however later changed his mind on this issue, combining again his own Entoloma eulividum and E. sinuatum, so that Persoon's name is now universally recognised. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma sinuatum Within the large genus Entoloma, which contains around 1500 species, E. sinuatum has been classically placed in the section Entoloma within the subgenus Entoloma, as it is the type species of the genus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma sinuatum The element was also found in high levels in the humus-rich substrate. Entoloma sinuatum also accumulates arsenic-containing compounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma sinuatum Omphalotus nidiformis, or ghost fungus, is a gilled basidiomycete mushroom most notable for its bioluminescent properties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis The fungus is both saprotrophic and parasitic, and its fruit bodies are generally found growing in overlapping clusters on a wide variety of dead or dying trees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis The ghost fungus was initially described in 1844 by English naturalist Miles Joseph Berkeley as Agaricus nidiformis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis He wrote "when this fungus was laid on a newspaper, it emitted by night a phosphorescent light, enabling us to read the words around it; and it continued to do so for several nights with gradually decreasing intensity as the plant dried up." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis He found the cream-coloured form to be strongly luminescent—the brightest of any fungus in the genus—with the cap, stipe and gills all glowing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis The fungus infiltrates the heartwood of the tree via a breach in its bark, either by a branch falling, damage from insects or mistletoe, or by mechanical damage from logging. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis Nearly a century ago, Cleland and Edwin Cheel suggested that even though the fungus was of "no great economic importance", "it would be advisable to destroy it by burning wherever found. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis Lampas is derived from the Greek lampas/λαμπας 'torch'. Common names include ghost fungus and Australian glow fungus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Omphalotus nidiformis Hexathele hochstetteri, commonly known as the banded tunnelweb spider, is a spider in the family Hexathelidae, found only in New Zealand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hexathele hochstetteri It is these six spinnerets that ultimately distinguish Hexathele hochstetteri from other genera of Hexathelidae, such as Porrhothele, as they only have four spinnerets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hexathele hochstetteri This is an incomplete list of species in the genus Entoloma. According to a standard reference book, the genus contains about 1000 species. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Entoloma species Entoloma virescens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) E. Horak ex Courtec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Entoloma species A similar mushroom is found in Australia and amateur mycologists differ as to whether it is E. hochstetteri, E. virescens or a separate species. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Entoloma hochstetteri Some guidebooks refer to it by its older scientific names of Entoloma lividum or Rhodophyllus sinuatus. The largest mushroom of the genus of pink-spored fungi known as Entoloma, it is also the type species. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma sinuatum It is a saprotroph that acts as a primary decomposer of wood, especially deciduous trees, and beech trees in particular. It is a white-rot wood-decay fungus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pleurotus ostreatus First described scientifically in 1844, the fungus has been known by several names in its taxonomic history. It was assigned its current name by Orson K. Miller, Jr. in 1994. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Omphalotus nidiformis He found the cream-coloured form to be strongly luminescent—the brightest of any fungus in the genus—with the cap, stipe and gills all glowing. The brown form was generally fainter, with its luminescence restricted to the gills. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Omphalotus nidiformis He described it according to the shell only, which geologist German Ferdinand von Hochstetter had brought from the New Zealand. The specific name hochstetteri is in honor of Ferdinand von Hochstetter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Powelliphanta hochstetteri E. rhodopolium has been found to contain significant quantities of the mycotoxin muscarine. Most entolomas are very difficult to identify, but Entoloma abortivum is edible. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma They also have an orange-brown carapace, and six spinnerets. It is these six spinnerets that ultimately distinguish Hexathele hochstetteri from other genera of Hexathelidae, such as Porrhothele, as they only have four spinnerets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hexathele hochstetteri Entoloma ferreri (T.J. Baroni, Perd.-Sánch. & S.A. Cantrell) Noordel. & Co-David --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Entoloma species Entoloma holoconiotum is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. It was originally described as Nolanea holoconiota by David Largent and Harry Thiers in 1972. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma holoconiotum It is also featured on the New Zealand fifty-dollar note. With E. hochstetteri's inclusion, this makes it the only banknote in the world which features a mushroom on it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma hochstetteri It fruits in January to July. It was also reported from India in 1989 and from Australia, though it is unclear whether these are the same species or whether E. hochstetteri is endemic to New Zealand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma hochstetteri Although many members of the genus Entoloma are poisonous, the toxicity of this species is unknown. It has been investigated to see if its blue colouring might be manufactured as a food dye. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Entoloma hochstetteri
4753.	Q: What word can be found on the top floor of the building at 1801 California Street in Denver Colorado? Title = 1801 California Street in Denver Colorado Description = A: Qwest Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Mechanical floor, Bob Denver, Rorke Denver, Denver Nuggets, Denver (disambiguation), Denver Pyle, Denver Hume, Sampoong Department Store collapse, Denver Broncos, John Denver, Storey, Tips from the Top Floor, Gevora Hotel, Floor, Penthouse apartment, Penthouse, Denver, Denver International Airport, On the Floor, List of tallest buildings Toggle details	height to top of any part of the building. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) List of tallest buildings In the Philippines, the word "storey" itself is spelled in the British manner and is used to describe the total number of floors in a certain building, while the word "floor" is more commonly used when referring to a certain level. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Storey His father flew to California in a friend's jet to retrieve him, and Denver reluctantly returned to complete his schooling. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) John Denver He adopted the surname 'Denver' after the capital of his favorite state, Colorado. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) John Denver The floors can be reached by six elevators, three of which reach the top of the building. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Gevora Hotel Some former Broncos work in radio, KKFN and KDFD in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Denver Broncos Senator Nancy Todd said, "John Denver to me is an icon of what Colorado is". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) John Denver In all English-speaking countries the storeys in a building are counted in the same way: a "seven-storey building" is unambiguous, although the top floor would be called "6th floor" in Britain and "7th floor" in America. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Storey Cardinal numbers usually follow the word "floor" (i.e. floor 1, floor 2, or floor 3). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Storey In all English-speaking countries the storeys in a building are counted in the same way: a "seven-storey building" is unambiguous, although the top floor would be called "6th floor" in Britain and "7th floor" in America. Mezzanines may or may not be counted as storeys. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Storey The 12th floor has a skyway that connects the hotel to the parking garage building. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Gevora Hotel The top floor houses a spa, while the rooftop offers views and features two pools. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Gevora Hotel The Denver County Court is an integrated Colorado County Court and Municipal Court and is managed by Denver instead of the state. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Denver The Bank of Manhattan Building (i.e. 40 Wall Street) employed only a short spire and was 282.5 m (927 ft) tall and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of tallest buildings In some buildings they are clustered in groups that divide the building into blocks, in others they are spread evenly through the structure, while in others still they are mostly concentrated at the top. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mechanical floor Mechanical floors are generally counted in the building's floor numbering (this is required by some building codes) but are accessed only by service elevators. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mechanical floor Mechanical floors also contain communication and control systems that service the building and sometimes outbound communications, such as through a large rooftop antenna (which is also physically held in place inside the top-floor mechanical levels). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mechanical floor COMSAT bought the NHL's Quebec Nordiques in 1995 and moved them to Denver as the Colorado Avalanche. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Denver Nuggets Weintraub insisted on a reissue of the track and began a radio airplay campaign that started in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) John Denver The floors can be reached by six elevators, three of which reach the top of the building. The latter elevators travel with a speed of 16 mph (26 km/h) and can reach the highest floor in 38 seconds. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Gevora Hotel The name penthouse is derived from apentis, an Old French word meaning "attached building" or "appendage". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Penthouse apartment Denver and Colorado Springs hosted the 1962 World Ice Hockey Championships. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Denver This led to a rivalry between the Bank of Manhattan Building and the Chrysler Building. The Bank of Manhattan Building (i.e. 40 Wall Street) employed only a short spire and was 282.5 m (927 ft) tall and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of tallest buildings As a rule of thumb, skyscrapers require a mechanical floor for every 10 tenant floors (10%) although this percentage can vary widely (see examples below). In some buildings they are clustered in groups that divide the building into blocks, in others they are spread evenly through the structure, while in others still they are mostly concentrated at the top. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mechanical floor On the morning of June 29, the number of cracks in the area increased dramatically, prompting managers to close parts of the top floor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sampoong Department Store collapse On the morning of June 29, the number of cracks in the area increased dramatically, prompting managers to close parts of the top floor. The store management failed to shut the building down or issue formal evacuation orders, as the number of customers in the building was unusually high, and it did not want to lose the day's revenue. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sampoong Department Store collapse Worse still, the number of steel reinforcement bars embedded into the concrete was 8, not the required 16, which gave the building only half its needed strength. Steel reinforcements intended to strengthen the concrete floor were placed 10 cm from the top instead of 5 cm, decreasing the structure's strength by about another 20%. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sampoong Department Store collapse On April 21, 2011, Denver became the first inductee into the Colorado Music Hall of Fame. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Denver On October 24, 2014, Denver was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Denver He lived in Aspen for much of his life, and he was known for his love of Colorado. In 1974, Denver was named poet laureate of the state. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Denver He learned to play well enough to perform at local clubs by the time he was in college. He adopted the surname 'Denver' after the capital of his favorite state, Colorado. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Denver If planta baja is ever used it means the ground-level floor (although primer piso is used mainly for indoor areas, while planta baja is also used for areas outside the building). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey A few buildings in the United States and Canada have both a "first floor" (usually the main floor of the building) and a "ground floor" below it. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey M or MZ may also be used to designate a mezzanine level, when it is not counted as a separate floor in the building's numbering scheme. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey In some US buildings, the label G on the elevator may stand for the building's "Garage", which need not be located on the "Ground" floor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey A storey (British English) or story (American English) is any level part of a building with a floor that could be used by people (for living, work, storage, recreation, etc.). Plurals for the word are storeys (UK) and stories (US). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey In some US buildings, the label G on the elevator may stand for the building's "Garage", which need not be located on the "Ground" floor. Sometimes GR might be used instead. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Storey Gevora Hotel has plans to add two new restaurants including one on its top floor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gevora Hotel The 12th floor has a skyway that connects the hotel to the parking garage building. The main pool facility is located on top of that building and has a main pool with a length of 80 ft (25 m), a kids' pool, a hot tub, and a pool bar. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gevora Hotel A penthouse is an apartment or unit on the highest floor of an apartment building, condominium, hotel or tower. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Penthouse apartment For example: the top floor penthouse of Robert A. M. Stern’s 15 Central Park West 20-story apartment building in New York has the following amenities: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Penthouse apartment Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. State of Colorado. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver Denver, Colorado, is at the top of the list of 2017 Best Places to Live, according to U.S. News & World Report, landing a place in the top two in terms of affordability and quality of lifestyle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver The Denver area has 2 Chinese newspapers, the Chinese American Post and the Colorado Chinese News. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver Larimer Street, named after William Larimer Jr., the founder of Denver, which is in the heart of LoDo, is the oldest street in Denver. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver Metro Denver highway conditions can be accessed on the Colorado Department of Transportation website Traffic Conditions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver With its newfound importance, Denver City shortened its name to Denver. On August 1, 1876, Colorado was admitted to the Union. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Denver Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of tallest buildings A mechanical floor, mechanical penthouse, mechanical layer or mechanical level is a story of a high-rise building that is dedicated to mechanical and electronics equipment. " --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mechanical floor Since nearly all elevators require machine rooms above the last floor they service, mechanical floors are often used to divide shafts that are stacked on top of each other to save space. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mechanical floor On most building designs this is a simple "box" on the roof, on others it is concealed inside a decorative spire. A consequence of this is that if the topmost mechanical floors are counted in the total, there can be no such thing as a true "top-floor office" in a skyscraper with this design. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mechanical floor A fifth floor was originally planned to house a roller skating rink, added later to comply with zoning regulations that prevented the entire building from being used as a department store. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sampoong Department Store collapse Steel reinforcements intended to strengthen the concrete floor were placed 10 cm from the top instead of 5 cm, decreasing the structure's strength by about another 20%. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sampoong Department Store collapse Those factors, along with the addition of a fifth floor including restaurants and heavy restaurant equipment, all contributed to the building's eventual failure. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sampoong Department Store collapse The team is headquartered in Dove Valley, Colorado and plays home games at Empower Field at Mile High in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver Broncos After the success of "Rocky Mountain High", inspired by a camping trip with Annie and some friends, Denver bought a residence in Aspen, Colorado. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Denver Upon the announcement of Denver's death, Colorado Governor Roy Romer ordered all state flags to be lowered to half-staff in his honor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Denver The terms floor, level, or deck are used in a similar way, except that it is usual to talk of a "14-storey building", but "the 14th floor". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Storey The words storey and floor exclude levels of the building that are not covered by a roof, such as the terrace on the rooftops of many buildings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Storey In the United States, the first floor and ground floor are usually equivalent, being at ground level, and may also be called the "lobby" or "main floor" to indicate the entrance to the building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Storey In the grammar of the respective languages, the numbers precede the word "floor", and are cardinals rather than ordinals, so they would translate literally as "1 floor, 2 floor" (etc.), rather than "1st floor, 2nd floor", or "floor 1, floor 2". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Storey The floor above the third would be numbered as the fifth, and so on. This is because of tetraphobia: in many varieties of Chinese, the pronunciation of the word for "four" is very similar to the pronunciation of the word for "die". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Storey It has 528 rooms spread over 75 floors and a number of facilities including restaurants and a pool on top of its parking garage building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gevora Hotel The main building of the Gevora Hotel sits on a square 100-by-100-foot (30 m × 30 m) plot and climbs 75 floors to a height of 906 ft (276.3 m), which is the height of the top floor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gevora Hotel The 75 floors the building has include a mezzanine located above the first floor and three mechanical floors (labeled 11, 42, and 73). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gevora Hotel The Colorado Territory was created on February 28, 1861, Arapahoe County was formed on November 1, 1861, and Denver City was incorporated on November 7, 1861. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver On October 31, 1937, Continental Airlines, now United Airlines, moved its headquarters to Stapleton Airport in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver At the federal level, Denver is the heart of Colorado's 1st congressional district, which includes all of Denver and parts of Arapahoe County. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver He was subsequently elected to three terms (1975–87) as Colorado governor. Denver explored a potential bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, but no bid was submitted. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver The Colorado Avalanche joined in 1995, after relocating from Quebec City. While in Denver, they have won two Stanley Cups in 1996 and in 2001. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Denver This height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance to the highest occupied floor within the building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of tallest buildings A consequence of this is that if the topmost mechanical floors are counted in the total, there can be no such thing as a true "top-floor office" in a skyscraper with this design. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mechanical floor Since nearly all elevators require machine rooms above the last floor they service, mechanical floors are often used to divide shafts that are stacked on top of each other to save space. A transfer level or skylobby is sometimes placed just below those floors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mechanical floor Elevators that reach the top tenant floor also require overhead machine rooms; those are sometimes put into full-size mechanical floors but most often into a mechanical penthouse, which can also contain communications gear and window-washing equipment. On most building designs this is a simple "box" on the roof, on others it is concealed inside a decorative spire. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mechanical floor Denver was born in Saratoga, California on October 26, 1973 and graduated in 1996 from Syracuse University with a Bachelor of Arts degree and joined the U.S Navy shortly afterwards. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rorke Denver In a Wall Street Journal article, Denver stated: "I witnessed the exceptional performance of SEAL, Army, and Marine snipers on the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rorke Denver COMSAT bought the NHL's Quebec Nordiques in 1995 and moved them to Denver as the Colorado Avalanche. However, its diversification into sports ownership was proving a drain on the company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver Nuggets An exhibition of over 40 never-before-seen photographs taken by Denver debuted at the Leon Gallery in Denver, Colorado in 2014.Denver was also an avid skier and golfer, but his principal interest was in flying. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Denver On September 24, 2007, the California Friends of John Denver and The Windstar Foundation unveiled a bronze plaque near the spot where his plane went down. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Denver Weintraub insisted on a reissue of the track and began a radio airplay campaign that started in Denver, Colorado. Denver's career flourished thereafter, and he had a series of hits over the next four years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Denver After the success of "Rocky Mountain High", inspired by a camping trip with Annie and some friends, Denver bought a residence in Aspen, Colorado. He lived in Aspen continuously until his death. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Denver A storey (British English) or story (American English) is any level part of a building with a floor that could be used by people (for living, work, storage, recreation, etc.). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey For example, in the Polish language there is a clear distinction: the word parter means ground floor and piętro means a floor above the parter, usually with an ordinal: 1st piętro, 2nd piętro etc. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey In the event more than one floor could hold be considered main floor, such as when a building has exits on more than one floor, a relatively common solution is to simply have no star and have other indications to indicate a main floor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey A penthouse is a luxury apartment on the topmost storey of a building. A basement is a storey below the main or ground floor; the first (or only) basement of a home is also called the lower ground floor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey In the United States, the first floor and ground floor are usually equivalent, being at ground level, and may also be called the "lobby" or "main floor" to indicate the entrance to the building. The story just above it is the second floor, and so on. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey However, even when the ground floor button is marked with a letter, some digital position indicators may show 0 when the lift / elevator is on that floor. If the building also contains floors below ground, negative numbers are common. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey For example, in the Polish language there is a clear distinction: the word parter means ground floor and piętro means a floor above the parter, usually with an ordinal: 1st piętro, 2nd piętro etc. Therefore, a parter is the zeroth piętro. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey In the event more than one floor could hold be considered main floor, such as when a building has exits on more than one floor, a relatively common solution is to simply have no star and have other indications to indicate a main floor. A less commonly used solution has more than one star. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Storey The tip of the building is located above this crown at a height of 1,174 ft (357.8 m), 5 feet (1.5 m) above the architectural top. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The main pool facility is located on top of that building and has a main pool with a length of 80 ft (25 m), a kids' pool, a hot tub, and a pool bar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The main building of the Gevora Hotel sits on a square 100-by-100-foot (30 m × 30 m) plot and climbs 75 floors to a height of 906 ft (276.3 m), which is the height of the top floor. To stabilize the narrow structure, a deep foundation was used. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The 75 floors the building has include a mezzanine located above the first floor and three mechanical floors (labeled 11, 42, and 73). An additional two floors are located in the basement. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The main structure consists of concrete and steel and is covered in a glass facade, that includes gold-tinted elements. The floors can be reached by six elevators, three of which reach the top of the building. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The mezzanine floor above is occupied by the all-day international restaurant Gevora Kitchen. The 12th floor has a skyway that connects the hotel to the parking garage building. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel The top floor houses a spa, while the rooftop offers views and features two pools. Gevora Hotel has plans to add two new restaurants including one on its top floor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gevora Hotel Recently, luxury high rise apartment buildings have begun to designate multiple units on the entire top residential floor or multiple higher residential floors including the top floor as penthouse apartments, and outfit them to include ultra-luxury fixtures, finishes, and designs which are different from all other residential floors of the building. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Penthouse apartment A penthouse is an apartment or unit on the highest floor of an apartment building, condominium, hotel or tower. Penthouses are typically differentiated from other apartments by luxury features. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Penthouse apartment The metropolitan area surrounding Denver represents a majority of the population and economic activity in the Front Range region, the area where an estimated 85% of Colorado's population lives. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver It is best known for its green and red chile sauce, Colorado burrito, Southwest (Denver) omelette, breakfast burrito, empanadas, chiles rellenos, and tamales. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver Three major public schools constitute the Auraria Campus: the University of Colorado Denver, Metropolitan State University of Denver, and Community College of Denver. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver There are also several alternative or localized newspapers published in Denver, including the Westword, Law Week Colorado, Out Front Colorado and the Intermountain Jewish News. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver SH 470 was intended to be I-470 and built with federal highway funds, but the funding was redirected to complete conversion of downtown Denver's 16th Street to a pedestrian mall. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver Trains stop in Denver at historic Union Station, where travelers can access RTD's 16th Street Free MallRide or use light rail to tour the city. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver Denver, Colorado, is at the top of the list of 2017 Best Places to Live, according to U.S. News & World Report, landing a place in the top two in terms of affordability and quality of lifestyle. According to the 2010 United States Census, the racial composition of Denver was as follows: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver Denver has been home to two National Hockey League teams. The Colorado Rockies played from 1976 to 1982, but became the New Jersey Devils. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver The Denver Department of Safety oversees three branches: the Denver Police Department, Denver Fire Department, and Denver Sheriff Department. The Denver County Court is an integrated Colorado County Court and Municipal Court and is managed by Denver instead of the state. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver RTD also operates the University of Colorado A Line, a commuter rail line that runs between the airport and Denver Union Station in downtown Denver. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Denver International Airport In contrast, the Chrysler Building employed a very large 38.1 m (125 ft) spire secretly assembled inside the building to claim the title of world's tallest building with a total height of 318.9 m (1,046 ft), although it had a lower top occupied floor and a shorter height when both buildings' spires were excluded. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of tallest buildings Elevators that reach the top tenant floor also require overhead machine rooms; those are sometimes put into full-size mechanical floors but most often into a mechanical penthouse, which can also contain communications gear and window-washing equipment. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mechanical floor This layout is usually reflected in the internal elevator zoning. Since nearly all elevators require machine rooms above the last floor they service, mechanical floors are often used to divide shafts that are stacked on top of each other to save space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mechanical floor On February 7, 1971, Denver was arrested in Anderson, California for possession of marijuana and drug paraphernalia in his car and pleaded no contest for a reduced sentence of a $250 fine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bob Denver After agreeing to name Denver resident and former NBA player Vince Boryla as general manager, Trindle moved his team to Denver as the Denver Larks, named after Colorado's state bird. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Nuggets The team's struggles in the late 1990s were due in part to ownership instability. COMSAT bought the NHL's Quebec Nordiques in 1995 and moved them to Denver as the Colorado Avalanche. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Nuggets However, Lee himself left the building safely before the collapse occurred. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sampoong Department Store collapse When the store started to produce cracking sounds at about 5:52 p.m., workers began to sound alarms and evacuate the building, but it was too late: the roof gave way, and the air conditioning units crashed through into the already-overloaded fifth floor. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sampoong Department Store collapse A fifth floor was originally planned to house a roller skating rink, added later to comply with zoning regulations that prevented the entire building from being used as a department store. However, Lee Joon changed the plan for the fifth floor to include eight restaurants instead. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sampoong Department Store collapse Further investigation revealed that the building was built with incorrect application of a technique called "flat slab construction". Reinforced concrete buildings are often built by using columns and beams, with the floor slab supported over the full length of the beams. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sampoong Department Store collapse Those factors, along with the addition of a fifth floor including restaurants and heavy restaurant equipment, all contributed to the building's eventual failure. The original building design would have been more than twice as strong as needed to remain erect. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sampoong Department Store collapse The animated television show South Park, set in Park County, often mentions the Denver Broncos; show creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone both grew up in Colorado as devout Broncos fans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Broncos Fort Worth was a distressing experience for Denver, and in his third year of high school, he drove his father's car to California to visit family friends and begin his music career. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver I didn't agree' with this assessment, Kragen said, but he reluctantly turned Denver down anyway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver Denver was not legally permitted to fly at the time of the crash. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver On September 23, 2007, nearly ten years after Denver's death, his brother Ron witnessed the dedication of a plaque placed near the crash site in Pacific Grove, California. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver He adopted the surname 'Denver' after the capital of his favorite state, Colorado. He decided to change his name when Randy Sparks, founder of the New Christy Minstrels, suggested that 'Deutschendorf' would not fit comfortably on a marquee. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver They lived in Edina, Minnesota, from 1968 to 1971. After the success of "Rocky Mountain High", inspired by a camping trip with Annie and some friends, Denver bought a residence in Aspen, Colorado. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver An exhibition of over 40 never-before-seen photographs taken by Denver debuted at the Leon Gallery in Denver, Colorado in 2014.Denver was also an avid skier and golfer, but his principal interest was in flying. His love of flying was second only to his love of music. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Denver A mezzanine, in particular, is typically a floor halfway between. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey The story just above it is the second floor, and so on. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey The floor above the third would be numbered as the fifth, and so on. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey In countries that use the European system, the ground floor is either marked 0, or with the initial letter of the local word for ground floor (G, E, etc.), successive floors are then marked 1, 2, etc. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey Storeys within a building need not be all the same height—often the lobby is taller, for example. Additionally, higher levels may have less floor area than the ones beneath them (e.g., the Sears Tower). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey In other countries, including Chile, Colombia and Peru, the ground floor is called primer piso (first floor). If planta baja is ever used it means the ground-level floor (although primer piso is used mainly for indoor areas, while planta baja is also used for areas outside the building). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey Cardinal numbers usually follow the word "floor" (i.e. floor 1, floor 2, or floor 3). Both systems are standardized, as TCVN 9245-1:2012 and TCVN 6003-1:2012 (ISO 4157-1:1998), respectively. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey A few buildings in the United States and Canada have both a "first floor" (usually the main floor of the building) and a "ground floor" below it. This typically happens when both floors have street-level entrances, as is often the case for hillside buildings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Storey To stabilize the narrow structure, a deep foundation was used. The 75 floors the building has include a mezzanine located above the first floor and three mechanical floors (labeled 11, 42, and 73). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gevora Hotel These structures do not have to occupy the entire roof deck. Recently, luxury high rise apartment buildings have begun to designate multiple units on the entire top residential floor or multiple higher residential floors including the top floor as penthouse apartments, and outfit them to include ultra-luxury fixtures, finishes, and designs which are different from all other residential floors of the building. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Penthouse apartment On August 10–15, 1993, Denver hosted the Catholic Church's 6th World Youth Day, which was attended by an estimated 500,000, making it the largest gathering in Colorado history. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Denver has been known historically as the Queen City of the Plains and the Queen City of the West, because of its important role in the agricultural industry of the High Plains region in eastern Colorado and along the foothills of the Colorado Front Range. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Several well-known companies originated in or have relocated to Denver. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Denver does not currently have resources to fully fund this plan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver The Colorado Department of Transportation runs Bustang, a bus system that offers weekday and weekend service connecting Denver with Grand Junction, Colorado Springs, Fort Collins and Gunnison. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver The Colorado Territory was created on February 28, 1861, Arapahoe County was formed on November 1, 1861, and Denver City was incorporated on November 7, 1861. Denver City served as the Arapahoe County Seat from 1861 until consolidation in 1902. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver It features hands-on and interactive exhibits, artifacts and programs about Colorado history. It was named in 2013 by True West Magazine as one of the top-ten "must see" history museums in the country. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver Denver submitted the winning bid to host the 1976 Winter Olympics but subsequently withdrew, giving it the dubious distinction of being the only city to back out after having won its bid to host the Olympics. Denver and Colorado Springs hosted the 1962 World Ice Hockey Championships. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver The A Line, sometimes called the East Rail Line, and under a sponsorship agreement called "University of Colorado A Line", connects passengers between downtown Denver and Denver International Airport in about 37 minutes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Denver International Airport The club must have this vibe, where you get on the floor and everybody's bringing it", he added. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) On the Floor They pointed out that the observation deck in the Bank of Manhattan Building was nearly 30 m (98 ft) above the top floor in the Chrysler Building, whose surpassing spire was strictly ornamental and inaccessible. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of tallest buildings height to top of any part of the building. Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, changes to which would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of tallest buildings Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae. This led to a rivalry between the Bank of Manhattan Building and the Chrysler Building. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of tallest buildings A mechanical floor, mechanical penthouse, mechanical layer or mechanical level is a story of a high-rise building that is dedicated to mechanical and electronics equipment. " Mechanical" is the most commonly used term, but words such as utility, technical, service, and plant are also used. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mechanical floor Denver was born on January 9, 1935, in New Rochelle, New York, and raised in Brownwood, Texas. He graduated from Loyola University in Los Angeles, California, with a degree in political science. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bob Denver He is now serving as a Commander for the United States Navy Reserve. In a Wall Street Journal article, Denver stated: "I witnessed the exceptional performance of SEAL, Army, and Marine snipers on the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rorke Denver In a Wall Street Journal article, Denver stated: "I witnessed the exceptional performance of SEAL, Army, and Marine snipers on the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan. They struck psychological fear in our enemies and protected countless lives. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rorke Denver Denver improved to 36–46, just missing the playoffs that year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Nuggets Denver won both games and tied the series at 2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Nuggets Denver struggled, causing Issel to resign as coach partway into the season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Nuggets Denver rebounded and earned the 8th seed again in the playoffs, finishing 41–41. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Nuggets League commissioner George Mikan suggested moving the team to Denver. After agreeing to name Denver resident and former NBA player Vince Boryla as general manager, Trindle moved his team to Denver as the Denver Larks, named after Colorado's state bird. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Nuggets In April 1995, cracks began to appear in the ceiling of the south wing's fifth floor, but the only response by Lee and his management staff involved moving merchandise and stores from the top floor to the basement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sampoong Department Store collapse The reduced diameter concentrated the load on a smaller area of the slab, leading to an eventual puncturing of it. Those factors, along with the addition of a fifth floor including restaurants and heavy restaurant equipment, all contributed to the building's eventual failure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sampoong Department Store collapse Denver recorded and released approximately 300 songs, about 200 of which he composed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver He lived in Aspen for much of his life, and he was known for his love of Colorado. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver In 1974, Denver was named poet laureate of the state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver made several copies and gave them out as presents for Christmas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver In the mid-1970s, Denver became outspoken in politics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver worked as both a performer and a skiing commentator, as skiing was another of his enthusiasms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver once said, "I'll tell you the best thing about me. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Following the property settlement, Denver nearly choked Martell. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver and Delaney separated in 1991 and divorced in 1993. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver was a pilot with over 2,700 hours of experience. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Fort Worth was a distressing experience for Denver, and in his third year of high school, he drove his father's car to California to visit family friends and begin his music career. His father flew to California in a friend's jet to retrieve him, and Denver reluctantly returned to complete his schooling. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Its success was due in part to the efforts of his new manager, future Hollywood producer Jerry Weintraub, who signed Denver in 1970. Weintraub insisted on a reissue of the track and began a radio airplay campaign that started in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Denver's first marriage was to Annie Martell of St. Peter, Minnesota. She was the subject of his hit "Annie's Song", which he composed in only ten minutes as he sat on a Colorado ski lift after the couple had an argument. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Senator Bob Hagedorn, who sponsored the proposal, defended the song as having nothing to do with drugs, but rather everything to do with sharing with friends the euphoria of experiencing the beauty of Colorado's mountain vistas. Senator Nancy Todd said, "John Denver to me is an icon of what Colorado is". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver On April 21, 2011, Denver became the first inductee into the Colorado Music Hall of Fame. A benefit concert was held at Broomfield's 1stBank Center and hosted by Olivia Newton-John. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver The John Denver Spirit statue is a 2002 bronze sculpture statue by artist Sue DiCicco that was financed by Denver's fans. It is at the Colorado Music Hall of Fame at Red Rocks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Denver Floor numbering is the numbering scheme used for a building's floors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey The next floor up is assigned the number 1 and is the first floor, and so on. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey If there is only one ground floor, it is called prizemlje. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey 2F then corresponds to the "ground floor", 3F to the "first floor", and so on. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey Therefore, the words "ground floor" and "first floor" are interchangeable. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey In the Filipino language, both "floor" and "storey" are called "palapag". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey To emphasise this difference, buildings in Hawaii use"level" rather than "floor". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey This halves any building costs associated with elevator shaft doors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey There may also be a storage floor called "Cellar" below Lower Ground. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey Its next level is 5th level to continue with its floor numbering. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storey The building was designed by the architecture and engineering firm Eng. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel After the main structure was finished, the building was fully clad and the crown was installed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel The building was initially planned as a residential tower, but was converted into a hotel during construction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel Al Attar Electromechanical Engineering (MEP).After the groundwork was laid in 2005, the tower rose between the spring of 2006 and the summer of 2008, when the top floors were reached. One new floor was added every five days. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel Finally, the spaces in between were filled. After the main structure was finished, the building was fully clad and the crown was installed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel The tip of the building is located above this crown at a height of 1,174 ft (357.8 m), 5 feet (1.5 m) above the architectural top. A parking garage building with thirteen floors is situated to the east of the main building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gevora Hotel A floor is the bottom surface of a room or vehicle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor Where a special floor structure like a floating floor is laid upon another floor then both may be referred to as subfloors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor Special floor structures are used for a number of purposes: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor Nightingale floor makes a noise when an intruder walks on it --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor Both terms are used interchangeably but floor covering refers more to loose-laid materials. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor The floor of one level typically also holds the ceiling of the level below (if any). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Floor Architecturally it refers specifically to a structure on the roof of a building that is set back from its outer walls. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Penthouse apartment With its newfound importance, Denver City shortened its name to Denver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver On August 1, 1876, Colorado was admitted to the Union. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Between the 1880s and 1930s, Denver's floriculture industry developed and thrived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In 1970, Denver was selected to host the 1976 Winter Olympics to coincide with Colorado's centennial celebration, but in November 1972, Colorado voters struck down ballot initiatives allocating public funds to pay for the high costs of the games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver He was subsequently elected to three terms (1975–87) as Colorado governor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver also has a number of neighborhoods not reflected in the administrative boundaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In fact, Denver has received 3 of the top 10 costliest hailstorms in United States history, which occurred on July 11, 1990; July 20, 2009; and May 8, 2017 respectively. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denverites is a term used for residents of Denver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In 1973 Re/Max made Denver its headquarters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver and the metropolitan areas around it continued to support culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver The Colorado Avalanche joined in 1995, after relocating from Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In 2018, the Denver Bandits were established as the first professional football team for women in Colorado and will be a part of the initial season for the Women's National Football Conference (WNFC) in 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In federal elections, Denver is a Democratic stronghold. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Programming on KRMA is rebroadcast to four other stations throughout Colorado. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver The Denver Boot, a car-disabling device, was first used in Denver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver is primarily served by the interstate freeways I-25 and I-70. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver It continues west through Utah and Nevada to Bishop, California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver U.S. Route 87 runs north and south and through Denver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver also has a nearly complete beltway known as "the 470's". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Denver, operating its California Zephyr multiple times every week in both directions between Chicago and Emeryville, California, across the bay from San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In 2017 the Colorado legislature reinvigorated studies of passenger rail service along the Front Range, potentially connecting Denver to Fort Collins and Pueblo, or further to Amtrak connections in Cheyenne, Wyoming and Trinidad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Since then, Denver has established relationships with additional sister cities: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Without the 80249 zip code (47.3 sq mi, 8,407 residents) near the airport, the average density increases to around 5,470 per square mile. Denver, Colorado, is at the top of the list of 2017 Best Places to Live, according to U.S. News & World Report, landing a place in the top two in terms of affordability and quality of lifestyle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver In 2005, a $310.7 million expansion for the Colorado Convention Center was completed, doubling its size. The hope was the center's expansion would elevate the city to one of the top 10 cities in the nation for holding a convention. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Every September the Denver Mart, at 451 E. 58th Avenue, hosts a gem and mineral show. The state history museum, History Colorado Center, opened in April 2012. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver It was named in 2013 by True West Magazine as one of the top-ten "must see" history museums in the country. History Colorado's Byers-Evans House Museum and the Molly Brown House are nearby. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver is also famous for its dedication to New Mexican cuisine and the chile. It is best known for its green and red chile sauce, Colorado burrito, Southwest (Denver) omelette, breakfast burrito, empanadas, chiles rellenos, and tamales. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Chinese hot pot (huo guo) and Korean BBQ restaurants have been growing in popularity. The Denver area has 2 Chinese newspapers, the Chinese American Post and the Colorado Chinese News. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver The Denver area has 2 Chinese newspapers, the Chinese American Post and the Colorado Chinese News. Denver has long been a place tolerant of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver At the federal level, Denver is the heart of Colorado's 1st congressional district, which includes all of Denver and parts of Arapahoe County. It is the most Democratic district in the Mountain West and has been in Democratic hands for all but two terms since 1933. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Denver's many colleges and universities range in age and study programs. Three major public schools constitute the Auraria Campus: the University of Colorado Denver, Metropolitan State University of Denver, and Community College of Denver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver US 6 follows the alignment of 6th Avenue west of I-25, and connects downtown Denver to the west-central suburbs of Golden and Lakewood. It continues west through Utah and Nevada to Bishop, California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Denver Some skyscrapers have narrow building cores that require stabilization to prevent collapse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mechanical floor Rather it emphasizes the functional layout of the building by dividing it neatly into equal blocks, mirroring the layout of the elevators and offices inside. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mechanical floor Floors 92–100 contain "communications equipment" and so are not typically counted as mechanical since they do not service the building itself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mechanical floor Mechanical floors are generally counted in the building's floor numbering (this is required by some building codes) but are accessed only by service elevators. Some zoning regulations exclude mechanical floors from a building's maximum square footage calculation permitting a significant increase in building sizes; this is the case in New York City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mechanical floor Most of Denver's acting career was in television, though he also appeared in several films and on Broadway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bob Denver Other films in which Denver appeared include Who's Minding the Mint? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bob Denver Denver was awarded the Bronze Star with “V” for valorous action in combat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rorke Denver In 2012, Denver starred in the war film Act of Valor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rorke Denver Denver was born in Saratoga, California on October 26, 1973 and graduated in 1996 from Syracuse University with a Bachelor of Arts degree and joined the U.S Navy shortly afterwards. He graduated from University of San Diego with a Master’s Degree in Global Business Leadership. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rorke Denver Denver is married to Tracy Lynn Myers. They have 2 children. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rorke Denver The Denver Nuggets are an American professional basketball team based in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets League commissioner George Mikan suggested moving the team to Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets It was Denver's fifth straight first-round loss. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets They lost the series 4–2, ending Denver's longest playoff run in team history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets For the full season-by-season history, see List of Denver Nuggets seasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets After agreeing to name Denver resident and former NBA player Vince Boryla as general manager, Trindle moved his team to Denver as the Denver Larks, named after Colorado's state bird. The Trindle group was severely undercapitalized, leading Mikan to order the Larks to post a $100,000 performance bond or lose the franchise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Nuggets Marilee and Denver divorced in 1970. In 1983, Pyle married Tippie Johnston. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Pyle This involved cutting away a number of support columns to install escalators, and the addition of a fifth floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse However, Lee Joon changed the plan for the fifth floor to include eight restaurants instead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse The construction company tasked with completing the extension advised that the structure would not support another floor, but was promptly fired, with another company being hired to complete the project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse Around then, it was realized that collapse of the building was inevitable, and an emergency board meeting was held. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse Once the investigation focused on structural failure, it was initially believed the building's poorly-laid foundation and the unstable ground that it was built on, both led to the failure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse "Flat slab construction" does not use beams but supports the floor slab directly on the columns. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse The area of floor around the columns must be reinforced in order to carry the load; if the columns are too narrow, they can punch through the slab. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse The original building design would have been more than twice as strong as needed to remain erect. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sampoong Department Store collapse The Denver Broncos are a professional American football franchise based in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Broncos For most of their history, the Denver Broncos played in Mile High Stadium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Broncos Constantly being the new kid was troubling for the introverted Denver, and he grew up always feeling as though he should be somewhere else, but never knowing where that 'right' place was. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver At age 11, Denver received an acoustic guitar from his grandmother. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Denver's career flourished thereafter, and he had a series of hits over the next four years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Denver later told Arthur Tobier, when the latter transcribed his autobiography, "I'd bend my principles to support something he wanted of me. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1979, Denver performed "Rhymes & Reasons" at the Music for UNICEF Concert. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Denver had a keen interest in solutions to world hunger. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1983 and 1984, Denver hosted the annual Grammy Awards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1985, Denver asked to participate in the singing of "We Are the World", but was turned down. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver For instance, Denver described how he was censored for "Rocky Mountain High", which was misconstrued as a drug song. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Settling at Denver's home in Aspen, the couple had a daughter, Jesse Belle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1993, Denver pleaded guilty to a drunken driving charge and was placed on probation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver He told Denver that there was "less than half in the right tank and less than a quarter in the left tank". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver He then provided Denver with an inspection mirror so he could look over his shoulder at the fuel gauges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver The NTSB interviewed 20 witnesses about Denver's last flight. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Funeral services were held at Faith Presbyterian Church in Aurora, Colorado, on October 17, 1997, officiated by Pastor Les Felker, a retired Air Force chaplain, after which Denver's remains were cremated and his ashes scattered in the Rocky Mountains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Permission was finally granted in 1999, but the project was put on hold at the request of Denver's family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver The final disc has two-hour-long documentaries made by Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver It is at the Colorado Music Hall of Fame at Red Rocks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver The band's albums were released on Denver's Windsong Records (later known as Windstar Records) label. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1974, Denver was named poet laureate of the state. The Colorado state legislature also adopted "Rocky Mountain High" as one of its two state songs in 2007, and West Virginia did the same for "Take Me Home, Country Roads" in 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver The family later moved to Carswell AFB in Fort Worth, Texas, where Denver graduated from Arlington Heights High School. Fort Worth was a distressing experience for Denver, and in his third year of high school, he drove his father's car to California to visit family friends and begin his music career. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver In 1997, Denver filmed an episode for the television series Nature, centering on the natural wonders that inspired many of his best-loved songs. His last song, "Yellowstone, Coming Home", composed while rafting along the Colorado River with his son and young daughter, is included. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver He then provided Denver with an inspection mirror so he could look over his shoulder at the fuel gauges. The mirror was later recovered in the wreckage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver The New York Post wrote, "An overachiever like John Denver couldn't have been this boring". On September 23, 2007, nearly ten years after Denver's death, his brother Ron witnessed the dedication of a plaque placed near the crash site in Pacific Grove, California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Denver Plurals for the word are storeys (UK) and stories (US). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Storeys within a building need not be all the same height—often the lobby is taller, for example. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey A penthouse is a luxury apartment on the topmost storey of a building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Each scheme has further variations depending on how one refers to the ground floor and the subterranean levels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey In many countries in Europe, the "first floor" is the second level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey The "first floor" can therefore be two or three levels above ground level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey In Brazil the ground floor is called térreo and the next floor is primeiro andar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Some buildings in Singapore do use SL (Street Level) for ground level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey In the UK, the lower of these floors would be called the "lower ground floor", while the upper would be called either the "upper ground floor" or simply the "ground floor". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey This was done partly for aesthetics, and partly to allow access between the lower level and the street without going through the main floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey There are some cases of odd floor numbering systems in the Philippines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey The parking floor actually serves the Upper Ground Floor of the resort. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey In some instances, buildings may omit the thirteenth floor in their floor numbering because of common superstition surrounding this number. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey If the building also contains floors below ground, negative numbers are common. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Typically one uses the floor number with one or two extra digits appended to identify the room within the floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Letters may be used, instead of digits, to identify the room within the floor—such as 21E instead of 215. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey For example, in a building with floors labelled G, M, 1, 2, ..., 11 and 12, the fourth room in each of those floors could be numbered 104, 114, 124, 134, ..., 224 and 234, respectively—with an offset of 110 in the floor numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey This trick is sometimes used to make the floor number slightly less obvious, e.g. for security or marketing reasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey But a very common form for buildings with three apartments per floor is, Esq.-Frt./Fte. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey These universal rules simplify finding an apartment in a building, particularly for blind people, who do not need to ask where a given apartment is. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey In other places, ground floor and first floor are synonymous, leading to conflicting numbering of floors depending between different national varieties of English. The words storey and floor exclude levels of the building that are not covered by a roof, such as the terrace on the rooftops of many buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey To emphasise this difference, buildings in Hawaii use"level" rather than "floor". Thus, Lepo papa = --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey This halves any building costs associated with elevator shaft doors. Where the total traffic necessitates a second lift the alternate floors strategy is sometimes still applied, not only for the doorway reduction but also, provisionally upon the passengers preferring no particular floor beyond capacity, it tends toward halving the total delay imposed by the stops en-route. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey An offset may be used to accommodate unnumbered floors. For example, in a building with floors labelled G, M, 1, 2, ..., 11 and 12, the fourth room in each of those floors could be numbered 104, 114, 124, 134, ..., 224 and 234, respectively—with an offset of 110 in the floor numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Storey Construction of the building started in 2005 with Al Attar Properties as developer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel After its completion, it was revealed that the building would be a hotel with the name "Gevora Hotel". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The Gevora Hotel consists of a main hotel building and a parking garage building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel A parking garage building with thirteen floors is situated to the east of the main building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel Besides serving as a car park, the building also houses some of the hotel's facilities on its roof including a pool. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The four-star Gevora Hotel is entered through the lobby on the first floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The mezzanine floor above is occupied by the all-day international restaurant Gevora Kitchen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The four-star hotel opened in February 2018 after a construction period of twelve years. It has 528 rooms spread over 75 floors and a number of facilities including restaurants and a pool on top of its parking garage building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel A pyramid-shaped crown-like structure with a gold color and lattice pattern sits upon the roof. The tip of the building is located above this crown at a height of 1,174 ft (357.8 m), 5 feet (1.5 m) above the architectural top. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The 12th floor also features a meeting room, a gift shop, and a fitness center with separate facilities for men and women, containing a sauna and a steam room. The top floor houses a spa, while the rooftop offers views and features two pools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gevora Hotel The levels of a building are often referred to as floors, although a more proper term is storey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor Sprung floor, improves the performance and safety of athletes and dancers --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor Floor covering is a term to generically describe any material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor Flooring is the general term for a permanent or temporary covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor The under slab cast girders are used especially if it the slab be used structurally, i.e., to support part of the building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor Where the floor is over the basement or crawlspace, utilities may instead be run under the joists, making the installation less expensive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor A gym floor cover can be used to reduce the need to satisfy incompatible requirements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor The correct method to clean one type of floor can often damage another, so it is important to use the correct treatment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Floor The name penthouse is derived from apentis, an Old French word meaning "attached building" or "appendage". The modern spelling is influenced by a 16th-century folk etymology that combines the Middle French word for "slope" (pente) with the English noun house. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Penthouse apartment Denver is named after James W. Denver, a governor of the Kansas Territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver This was the first historical settlement in what was later to become the city of Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The site of these first towns is now occupied by Confluence Park near downtown Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The transcontinental railroad passed a daunting 100 miles away, but citizens mobilized to build a railroad to connect Denver to it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Finally linked to the rest of the nation by rail, Denver prospered as a service and supply center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver By 1890, Denver had grown to be the second-largest city west of Omaha, Nebraska. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In 1900, whites represented 96.8% of Denver's population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Many African Americans first came as workers on the railroad, which had a terminus in Denver, and began to settle there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The City and County of Denver came into being on that date and was separated from Arapahoe and Adams Counties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver It presents risks to building the envisioned Jefferson Parkway, which would complete Denver's automotive beltway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver explored a potential bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, but no bid was submitted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In 2010, Denver adopted a comprehensive update of its zoning code. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver has hosted the Democratic National Convention twice, in 1908 and again in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver residents use the terms "north", "south", "east", and "west". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver However, the average density throughout most Denver neighborhoods tends to be higher. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver According to the 2010 United States Census, the racial composition of Denver was as follows: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver MediaNews Group purchased the Denver Post in 1987; the company is based in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The Shane Company sold its first diamond jewelry in 1971 in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver was built up considerably during this time with the construction of many new downtown skyscrapers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Chipotle Mexican Grill, Quiznos, and Smashburger were founded and headquartered in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In the 1880s Horace Tabor built Denver's first opera house. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver It features hands-on and interactive exhibits, artifacts and programs about Colorado history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver and surrounding cities are home to a large number of local and national breweries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver is also famous for its dedication to New Mexican cuisine and the chile. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver has been home to two National Hockey League teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The Colorado Rockies played from 1976 to 1982, but became the New Jersey Devils. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver While in Denver, they have won two Stanley Cups in 1996 and in 2001. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The Major League Soccer team Colorado Rapids play in Dick's Sporting Goods Park, an 18,000-seat soccer-specific stadium opened for the 2007 MLS season in the Denver suburb of Commerce City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In 2006, Denver established a Major League Lacrosse team, the Denver Outlaws. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver also has 29 recreation centers providing places and programming for resident's recreation and relaxation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In addition to the parks within Denver, the city acquired land for mountain parks starting in the 1911s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver has a strong mayor/weak city council government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver During the 1960s and 1970s, Denver was one of the centers of the Chicano Movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver Public Schools (DPS) is the public school system in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver's many colleges and universities range in age and study programs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver For a list of radio stations, see Radio Stations in Colorado. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In 2018, electric scooter services began to place scooters in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Interstate 25 runs north–south from New Mexico through Denver to Wyoming --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The average amount of time people spend commuting on public transit in Denver and Boulder, Colorado—for example, to and from work, on a weekday—is 77 minutes; 31% of public transit riders ride for more than 2 hours every day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In the past, Denver has been home to several other airports that are no longer operational. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. State of Colorado. It is located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver In 1970, Denver was selected to host the 1976 Winter Olympics to coincide with Colorado's centennial celebration, but in November 1972, Colorado voters struck down ballot initiatives allocating public funds to pay for the high costs of the games. They were moved to Innsbruck, Austria. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver It promoted the city on the national, political, and socioeconomic stage. On August 10–15, 1993, Denver hosted the Catholic Church's 6th World Youth Day, which was attended by an estimated 500,000, making it the largest gathering in Colorado history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver has been known historically as the Queen City of the Plains and the Queen City of the West, because of its important role in the agricultural industry of the High Plains region in eastern Colorado and along the foothills of the Colorado Front Range. Several U.S. Navy ships have been named USS Denver in honor of the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver On October 31, 1937, Continental Airlines, now United Airlines, moved its headquarters to Stapleton Airport in Denver, Colorado. Robert F. Six arranged to have the headquarters moved to Denver from El Paso, Texas because Six believed that the airline should have its headquarters in a large city with a potential base of customers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Geography also allows Denver to have a considerable government presence, with many federal agencies based or having offices in the Denver area. Along with federal agencies come many companies based on US defense and space projects, and more jobs are brought to the city by virtue of its being the capital of the state of Colorado. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The hope was the center's expansion would elevate the city to one of the top 10 cities in the nation for holding a convention. Denver's position near the mineral-rich Rocky Mountains encouraged mining and energy companies to spring up in the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver It is best known for its green and red chile sauce, Colorado burrito, Southwest (Denver) omelette, breakfast burrito, empanadas, chiles rellenos, and tamales. Denver is also well known for other types of food such as Rocky Mountain oysters, rainbow trout, and the Denver sandwich. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver The city has swung heavily to the Democrats since the 1980s; Ronald Reagan is the last Republican to garner even 40 percent of the city's vote. At the federal level, Denver is the heart of Colorado's 1st congressional district, which includes all of Denver and parts of Arapahoe County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Three major public schools constitute the Auraria Campus: the University of Colorado Denver, Metropolitan State University of Denver, and Community College of Denver. The private University of Denver was the first institution of higher learning in the city and was founded in 1864. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver There are also a few vestiges of the old grid system in the normal grid, such as Park Avenue, Morrison Road, and Speer Boulevard. Larimer Street, named after William Larimer Jr., the founder of Denver, which is in the heart of LoDo, is the oldest street in Denver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver SH 470 was intended to be I-470 and built with federal highway funds, but the funding was redirected to complete conversion of downtown Denver's 16th Street to a pedestrian mall. As a result, construction was delayed until 1980 after state and local legislation was passed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Denver, operating its California Zephyr multiple times every week in both directions between Chicago and Emeryville, California, across the bay from San Francisco. The service usually runs daily but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the service was cut by Amtrak. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver's early years as a major train hub of the west are still very visible today. Trains stop in Denver at historic Union Station, where travelers can access RTD's 16th Street Free MallRide or use light rail to tour the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Trains stop in Denver at historic Union Station, where travelers can access RTD's 16th Street Free MallRide or use light rail to tour the city. Union Station will also serve as the main juncture for rail travel in the metro area, at the completion of FasTracks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver International Airport (IATA: DEN, ICAO: KDEN), commonly known as DIA or DEN, serves as the primary airport for the Front Range Urban Corridor surrounding Denver. DIA is 18.6 miles (30 km) east-northeast of the Colorado State Capitol. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver Denver International Airport (IATA: DEN, ICAO: KDEN, FAA LID: DEN), locally known as DIA, is an international airport in the Western United States, primarily serving metropolitan Denver, Colorado, as well as the greater Front Range Urban Corridor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver International Airport With over 35,000 employees, the airport is the largest employer in Colorado. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver International Airport Denver has traditionally been home to one of the busier airports in the United States because of its location. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver International Airport The A Line, sometimes called the East Rail Line, and under a sponsorship agreement called "University of Colorado A Line", connects passengers between downtown Denver and Denver International Airport in about 37 minutes. The line connects to RTD's rail service that runs throughout the metro area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Denver International Airport "On the Floor" also debuted at the top of the R&B Singles Chart. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) On the Floor It's just about having a good time, getting all sweaty, and it's all about the music and leaving it on the dance floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) On the Floor height to top of roof (removed as category in November 2009); and --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of tallest buildings Upset by Chrysler's victory, Shreve & Lamb, the consulting architects of the Bank of Manhattan Building, wrote a newspaper article claiming that their building was actually the tallest, since it contained the world's highest usable floor, at 255 m (837 ft). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of tallest buildings However, this measurement includes extensions that are easily added, removed, and modified from a building and are independent of the overall structure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of tallest buildings The Petronas Towers, with their spires, are thus ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest point. Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of tallest buildings They pointed out that the observation deck in the Bank of Manhattan Building was nearly 30 m (98 ft) above the top floor in the Chrysler Building, whose surpassing spire was strictly ornamental and inaccessible. The Burj Khalifa currently tops the list by some margin, regardless of which criterion is applied. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of tallest buildings Some sources erroneously mention 12 floors, in groups of 3, due to the height of the vents (actually the ceilings there were higher) and because levels 44 and 78 were skylobbies which in many buildings sit directly on top of the mechanical floors. However the twin towers had one occupied office floor under each skylobby, accessible through escalators. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mechanical floor Denver now speaks for conferences and conventions nationwide. In December 2014, Denver was the keynote speaker for the US Lacrosse Convention. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rorke Denver After dropping the first two games of the five-game set in Seattle, the series returned to Denver. Denver won both games and tied the series at 2. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Nuggets List of the last five seasons completed by the Nuggets. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Denver Nuggets seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Nuggets They had sons David and Tony in 1956 and 1957, respectively. Marilee and Denver divorced in 1970. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Pyle In April 1995, cracks began to appear in the ceiling of the south wing's fifth floor, but the only response by Lee and his management staff involved moving merchandise and stores from the top floor to the basement. On the morning of June 29, the number of cracks in the area increased dramatically, prompting managers to close parts of the top floor. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sampoong Department Store collapse The directors suggested to Lee that all customers should be evacuated, but Lee angrily refused to do so for fear of revenue losses. However, Lee himself left the building safely before the collapse occurred. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sampoong Department Store collapse Reinforced concrete buildings are often built by using columns and beams, with the floor slab supported over the full length of the beams. "Flat slab construction" does not use beams but supports the floor slab directly on the columns. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sampoong Department Store collapse "Flat slab construction" does not use beams but supports the floor slab directly on the columns. The area of floor around the columns must be reinforced in order to carry the load; if the columns are too narrow, they can punch through the slab. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sampoong Department Store collapse The original building design would have been more than twice as strong as needed to remain erect. As it is, the flawed structure managed to stand for almost five years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sampoong Department Store collapse The Broncos compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division. The team is headquartered in Dove Valley, Colorado and plays home games at Empower Field at Mile High in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Broncos Many former Broncos are now in broadcasting, including Shannon Sharpe, Mark Schlereth, Alfred Williams, Tom Jackson, Ed McCaffrey, Brian Griese, David Diaz-Infante, Terrell Davis and Brandon Stokley. Some former Broncos work in radio, KKFN and KDFD in Denver, Colorado. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Broncos At age 11, Denver received an acoustic guitar from his grandmother. He learned to play well enough to perform at local clubs by the time he was in college. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver was also a guest star on The Muppet Show, the beginning of the lifelong friendship between Denver and Jim Henson that spawned two Christmas television specials with the Muppets. He also tried acting, appearing in "The Colorado Cattle Caper" episode of the McCloud television movie in February 1974. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver In 1979, Denver performed "Rhymes & Reasons" at the Music for UNICEF Concert. Royalties from the concert performances were donated to UNICEF. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver His father taught him to fly in the mid-1970s, which led to their reconciliation. In 1980, Denver and his father, by then a lieutenant colonel, co-hosted an award-winning television special, --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver For instance, Denver described how he was censored for "Rocky Mountain High", which was misconstrued as a drug song. Denver also toured Russia in 1985. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver His last song, "Yellowstone, Coming Home", composed while rafting along the Colorado River with his son and young daughter, is included. In the summer of 1997, shortly before his death, Denver recorded a children's train album for Sony Wonder, All Aboard!, produced by longtime friend Roger Nichols. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver once said, "I'll tell you the best thing about me. I'm some guy's dad; I'm some little gal's dad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Following the property settlement, Denver nearly choked Martell. He cut their marital bed in half with a chainsaw. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Settling at Denver's home in Aspen, the couple had a daughter, Jesse Belle. Denver and Delaney separated in 1991 and divorced in 1993. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Reports stated wind gusts caught the plane, causing it to spin around and sustain extensive damage. Denver was unharmed by the incident. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver died on the afternoon of October 12, 1997, when his light homebuilt aircraft, a Rutan Long-EZ with registration number N555JD, crashed into Monterey Bay near Pacific Grove, California, while making a series of touch-and-go landings at the nearby Monterey Peninsula Airport. He was the plane's only occupant. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver was not legally permitted to fly at the time of the crash. In previous years, he had several arrests for drunk driving. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver The mechanic said that he told Denver that the fuel sight gauges were visible only to the rear cockpit occupant. Denver had asked how much fuel was shown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver had asked how much fuel was shown. He told Denver that there was "less than half in the right tank and less than a quarter in the left tank". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver The mirror was later recovered in the wreckage. Denver said that he would use the autopilot in flight to hold the airplane level while he turned the fuel selector valve. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Denver said that he would use the autopilot in flight to hold the airplane level while he turned the fuel selector valve. He turned down an offer to refuel, saying that he would be flying for about an hour. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver He turned down an offer to refuel, saying that he would be flying for about an hour. The NTSB interviewed 20 witnesses about Denver's last flight. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Funeral services were held at Faith Presbyterian Church in Aurora, Colorado, on October 17, 1997, officiated by Pastor Les Felker, a retired Air Force chaplain, after which Denver's remains were cremated and his ashes scattered in the Rocky Mountains. Further tributes were made at the following Grammy and Country Music Association Awards. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver On September 24, 2007, the California Friends of John Denver and The Windstar Foundation unveiled a bronze plaque near the spot where his plane went down. The site had been marked by a driftwood log carved by Jeffrey Pine with Denver's name, but fears that the memorial could be washed out to sea sparked the campaign for a more permanent memorial. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Denver Floor numbering is the numbering scheme used for a building's floors. There are two major schemes in use across the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Storey The next level is sometimes called "principal". The "first floor" can therefore be two or three levels above ground level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Storey The parking floor actually serves the Upper Ground Floor of the resort. Its next level is 5th level to continue with its floor numbering. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Storey (Frente, en: Front - for the apartment located between left and right)-Dto. These universal rules simplify finding an apartment in a building, particularly for blind people, who do not need to ask where a given apartment is. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Storey When a new floor was constructed, first the staircase and elevator shafts were erected, followed by the outer walls and their surrounding beams. Finally, the spaces in between were filled. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gevora Hotel After the main structure was finished, the building was fully clad and the crown was installed. The building was initially planned as a residential tower, but was converted into a hotel during construction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gevora Hotel The building was initially planned as a residential tower, but was converted into a hotel during construction. It was completed in 2017 after twelve years of construction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gevora Hotel The four-star Gevora Hotel is entered through the lobby on the first floor. The lobby is decorated using marble and gold-colored elements. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gevora Hotel Flooring is the general term for a permanent or temporary covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering. Both terms are used interchangeably but floor covering refers more to loose-laid materials. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Floor In modern buildings, there are numerous services provided via ducts or wires underneath the floor or above the ceiling. The floor of one level typically also holds the ceiling of the level below (if any). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Floor Floating floors can reduce this problem. Concrete floors are usually so massive they do not have this problem, but they are also much more expensive to construct and must meet more stringent building requirements due to their weight. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Floor The flooring may need protection sometimes. A gym floor cover can be used to reduce the need to satisfy incompatible requirements. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Floor Floors are also treated to protect or beautify the surface. The correct method to clean one type of floor can often damage another, so it is important to use the correct treatment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Floor Architecturally it refers specifically to a structure on the roof of a building that is set back from its outer walls. These structures do not have to occupy the entire roof deck. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Penthouse apartment The metropolitan area surrounding Denver represents a majority of the population and economic activity in the Front Range region, the area where an estimated 85% of Colorado's population lives. The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek and the South Platte River, approximately 12 mi (19 km) east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Between the 1880s and 1930s, Denver's floriculture industry developed and thrived. This period became known locally as the Carnation Gold Rush. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver The Avalanche and Nuggets have played at Ball Arena (formerly known as Pepsi Center) since 1999. The Major League Soccer team Colorado Rapids play in Dick's Sporting Goods Park, an 18,000-seat soccer-specific stadium opened for the 2007 MLS season in the Denver suburb of Commerce City. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver The Major League Soccer team Colorado Rapids play in Dick's Sporting Goods Park, an 18,000-seat soccer-specific stadium opened for the 2007 MLS season in the Denver suburb of Commerce City. The Rapids won the MLS Cup in 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver They also won in 2016 and 2018. The Colorado Mammoth of the National Lacrosse League play at Ball Arena. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver There are also several alternative or localized newspapers published in Denver, including the Westword, Law Week Colorado, Out Front Colorado and the Intermountain Jewish News. Denver is home to multiple regional magazines such as 5280, which takes its name from the city's mile-high elevation (5,280 feet or 1,609 meters). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver The League of American Bicyclists rated Colorado as the sixth most bicycle-friendly state in the nation for 2014. This is due in large part to Front Range cities like Boulder, Fort Collins and Denver placing an emphasis on legislation, programs and infrastructure developments that promote cycling as a mode of transportation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Denver averaged 1.62 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver It continues west through Utah and Nevada to Bishop, California. To the east, it continues as far as Provincetown, on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver US 85 also travels through Denver. This Highway is often used as an alternate route to Castle Rock instead of taking Interstate 25. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver U.S. Route 87 runs north and south and through Denver. It's concurrent with I-25 the entire length in the state. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Amtrak Thruway service operated by private bus companies links the Denver station with Rocky Mountain points. In 2017 the Colorado legislature reinvigorated studies of passenger rail service along the Front Range, potentially connecting Denver to Fort Collins and Pueblo, or further to Amtrak connections in Cheyenne, Wyoming and Trinidad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver In 2017 the Colorado legislature reinvigorated studies of passenger rail service along the Front Range, potentially connecting Denver to Fort Collins and Pueblo, or further to Amtrak connections in Cheyenne, Wyoming and Trinidad. At Albuquerque, New Mexico, Denver Thruway connections are made daily with the Amtrak Southwest Chief. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver Scheduled bus service is also available to points such as Fort Collins, and van services stretch into Nebraska, Wyoming, and Colorado summer and ski resort areas. Amtrak offers a Fly-Rail plan for ticketing with United Airlines for trips into scenic areas in the Western U.S. via a Denver stopover. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Denver International Airport On the Floor" thus became Lopez's seventh top-five hit in the United States. It is the first single since " --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) On the Floor It's just about having a good time, getting all sweaty, and it's all about the music and leaving it on the dance floor. I don't want to say what the video is, but that's the type of dancers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) On the Floor
22758.	Q: What animals are present in the painting Place St. Augustin by Jean-Francois Raffaelli? Title = Place St. Augustin by Jean-Francois Raffaelli, French, undated, oil on canvas - Huntington Museum of Art - DSC05451.JPG Description = A: Horses and a dog. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Rafaeli, Impressionism, Georges Clemenceau, Saint Augustin Basilica, Italians in France, St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church, Saint-Augustin, Paris, Raffaelli, Saint-Augustin, Côte-Nord, Quebec, Saint-Augustin (Paris Métro), Saint-Augustin, The Yellow House, Realism (arts), The Frick Pittsburgh, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Augustin Robespierre, Augustin Legrand, Jean-François Raffaëlli, Augustine of Hippo, Harry F. Sinclair House Toggle details	Satisfied with the design, Fletcher commissioned a painting of his residence from Jean-François Raffaëlli. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Harry F. Sinclair House Satisfied with the design, Fletcher commissioned a painting of his residence from Jean-François Raffaëlli. Fletcher died at the house in 1917. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Harry F. Sinclair House Named after Place Saint-Augustin (itself named after Saint-Augustin church, the station opened on 27 May 1923 with the line's extension from Trocadéro. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint-Augustin (Paris Métro) Van Gogh indicated that the restaurant where he used to have his meals was in the building painted pink, close to the left edge of the painting (28 Place Lamartine). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Yellow House He seems to have left a few hours before or the day after and was not present when Fréron took revenge on the population. When he returned to Paris, Augustin decided not to move in with Charlotte; they were no longer on speaking terms. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Augustin Robespierre The Église Saint-Augustin de Paris (Church of St. Augustine) is a Catholic church located at 46 boulevard Malesherbes in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint-Augustin, Paris Named after Place Saint-Augustin (itself named after Saint-Augustin church, the station opened on 27 May 1923 with the line's extension from Trocadéro. It is located in the 8th arrondissement. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint-Augustin (Paris Métro) Established as a mission church in 1829, by mixed-race freedman Nicolas Augustin Metoyer, St. Augustine is celebrated as the first church in Louisiana to be built by and for free people of color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church it is clear that illusionism was highly valued in painting. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Realism (arts) It was replaced by the present-day church building, which was completed in 1917. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church A oil painting titled, Papa Augustin Metoyer (c. 1836), featuring a portrait of Nicolas Augustin Metoyer posing in a Prince Albert coat and swath of green fabric, this paining has hung in the church since the 1970s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church This painting had been part of the Melrose Planation and went up for auction in the 1970s, the pastor of the church brought the oldest descendants of Nicolas Augustin Metoyer to the auction and they pleaded to be allowed to purchase the painting for the Isle Brevelle community and for display in the church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church Raffaelli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Raffaelli By 1986, Saint-Augustin had 833 inhabitants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint-Augustin, Côte-Nord, Quebec Saint-Augustin (French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃t‿oɡystɛ̃]) is a station on Line 9 of the Paris Métro. Named after Place Saint-Augustin (itself named after Saint-Augustin church, the station opened on 27 May 1923 with the line's extension from Trocadéro. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint-Augustin (Paris Métro) Van Gogh indicated that the restaurant where he used to have his meals was in the building painted pink, close to the left edge of the painting (28 Place Lamartine). It was run by Widow Venissac, who was also Van Gogh's landlady, and who owned several of the other buildings depicted. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Yellow House Cauchy was later shown, by Jean-Victor Poncelet, to be wrong. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Augustin-Louis Cauchy When he returned to Paris, Augustin decided not to move in with Charlotte; they were no longer on speaking terms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Augustin Robespierre On 19 December 1793 Augustin did not take part in the military action, led by Dugommier and Napoleon, which retook Toulon from the British. He seems to have left a few hours before or the day after and was not present when Fréron took revenge on the population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Augustin Robespierre Originally titled Les déclassés, the painting was widely praised at the 1881 exhibit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jean-François Raffaëlli Spelling variations include Refaeli, Raphaeli, Raffaeli, and Raffaelli. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rafaeli Spelling variations include Refaeli, Raphaeli, Raffaeli, and Raffaelli. The name may refer to: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rafaeli Radicals in their time, early Impressionists violated the rules of academic painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impressionism The Impressionists' progress toward a brighter style of painting was gradual. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impressionism Jean Cruppi succeeds Doumergue as Minister of Commerce and Industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Georges Clemenceau The statue of St. Augustine in the basilica contains one of his arm bones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Augustin Basilica Tradition holds that the church was established by Nicolas Augustin Metoyer in 1803 and that services have been held continuously since then. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church When Father Jean Baptiste Blanc consecrated the chapel for religious use (19 July 1829), he reported that it had been "erected on Isle Brevelle on the plantation of Sieur Augustin Metoyer through the care and generosity of the above-named Augustin Metoyer, aided by Louis Metoyer, his brother. ... --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church The said chapel ... having been dedicated to St. Augustine, shall be considered as under the protection of this great doctor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church Its core would be, and still is, St. Augustine Parish on Isle Brevelle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church Established as a mission church in 1829, by mixed-race freedman Nicolas Augustin Metoyer, St. Augustine is celebrated as the first church in Louisiana to be built by and for free people of color. It is among the oldest churches founded and built by and for people of African descent in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church The said chapel ... having been dedicated to St. Augustine, shall be considered as under the protection of this great doctor. " Tradition also describes the role of Augustin's brother Louis (founder of the nearby Melrose Plantation, a National Historic Landmark ), as the chapel's designer and builder. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church The Église Saint-Augustin de Paris (Church of St. Augustine) is a Catholic church located at 46 boulevard Malesherbes in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The church was designed to provide a prominent vista at the end of the boulevard both of which were built during Haussmann's renovation of Paris under the Second French Empire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint-Augustin, Paris Saint-Augustin is a municipality and settlement in Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada, known by its large English-speaking population as St. Augustine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint-Augustin, Côte-Nord, Quebec Intriguingly, having led the development of illusionic painting, still life was to be equally significant in its abandonment in Cubism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Realism (arts) Augustin-Louis Cauchy grew up in the house of a staunch royalist. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Augustin-Louis Cauchy The Cardinal agreed and Augustin Robespierre took up his brother's place studying law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Augustin Robespierre Like his brother Maximilien, Augustin refused to marry Duplay's daughter Éléonore. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Augustin Robespierre He seems to have left a few hours before or the day after and was not present when Fréron took revenge on the population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Augustin Robespierre Early January Augustin Robespierre was shocked at the changed atmosphere in the Jacobin club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Augustin Robespierre The Fletcher House, as it was originally known, was one of several ornate residences on the south side of 79th Street, which had been undeveloped until the end of the 19th century. Satisfied with the design, Fletcher commissioned a painting of his residence from Jean-François Raffaëlli. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harry F. Sinclair House Briand remains Minister of Worship. Jean Cruppi succeeds Doumergue as Minister of Commerce and Industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Georges Clemenceau The statue of St. Augustine in the basilica contains one of his arm bones. It is under the circumscription of the Diocese of Constantine. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Augustin Basilica " Tradition also describes the role of Augustin's brother Louis (founder of the nearby Melrose Plantation, a National Historic Landmark ), as the chapel's designer and builder. The Church of St. Augustine is distinctive among Southern churches of all denominations for its racial role reversals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church A second church burned in the early 1900s. It was replaced by the present-day church building, which was completed in 1917. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church An image of the original church survives as a backdrop in the contemporary oil portrait of its founder that hangs in the church today. A oil painting titled, Papa Augustin Metoyer (c. 1836), featuring a portrait of Nicolas Augustin Metoyer posing in a Prince Albert coat and swath of green fabric, this paining has hung in the church since the 1970s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Augustine Parish (Isle Brevelle) Church In 1893, its post office opened. By 1986, Saint-Augustin had 833 inhabitants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint-Augustin, Côte-Nord, Quebec Initially, Van Gogh titled the painting as The House and its environment (French: La Maison et son entourage). Later he opted for a more meaningful title and called it The Street (French: La Rue), paying homage to a suite of sketches showing streets in Paris, by Jean-François Raffaëlli, and recently published in Le Figaro. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Yellow House Napoleon was promoted into the position of senior gunner at Toulon. On 17 December Augustin stayed in Ollioules. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Augustin Robespierre When he returned to Paris, Augustin decided not to move in with Charlotte; they were no longer on speaking terms. Early January Augustin Robespierre was shocked at the changed atmosphere in the Jacobin club. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Augustin Robespierre Early January Augustin Robespierre was shocked at the changed atmosphere in the Jacobin club. By now the revolutionaries feared one another. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Augustin Robespierre
6444.	Q: Which vehicle sits up higher off the ground, a 2015 Cadillac Escalade ESV or a Ferrari Enzo? Title = Ferrari enzo-terabass Description = Title = '15 Cadillac Escalade ESV Description = A: 2015 Cadillac Escalade ESV Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Cadillac Escalade, Enzo Ferrari, Cadillac CTS, Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina, Chevrolet Tahoe, Enzo Ferrari (automobile), Alfredo Ferrari, Presidential state car (United States), Piero Ferrari, List of Cadillac vehicles, Ferrari FXX, History of Ferrari, Cadillac CT6, Ferrari, Cadillac XT5, Ferrari F140 engine, Imola Circuit, Cadillac, Chevrolet Suburban, GMT K2XX Toggle details	In April 2015, Robert De Niro declared his interest in playing Enzo Ferrari in a biopic. --- (0.21, 0.08, 0.13) Enzo Ferrari The car was named the Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina, and retains the Enzo's drivetrain and vehicle identification number. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Like the Enzo, the car was sold to specially selected existing clients of Ferrari only. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) This pedigree extends through the Enzo Ferrari to the LaFerrari. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Ferrari In August 2015, Christian Bale was reported to be playing Enzo Ferrari but left on January 15, 2016 due to health concerns. --- (0.19, 0.07, 0.12) Enzo Ferrari Enzo Ferrari spent a reserved life, and rarely granted interviews. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Enzo Ferrari In 2002 the first car to be named after him was launched as the Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Enzo Ferrari Enzo Ferrari died in 1988, at the age of 90. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) History of Ferrari Due to this, the Maserati MC12 is sometimes nicknamed the "Second Generation Ferrari Enzo". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The FXX is based on the street-legal flagship Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ferrari FXX It was to be called the F60, continuing on from the F40 and F50, but Ferrari was so pleased with it, they called it the Enzo instead. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ferrari The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ferrari Most components, including the engine, drivetrain, are modified from the original Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The P4/5 has the same engine as the Enzo Ferrari it was built on, a 65° --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The FXX uses some technology demonstrated on the Enzo Ferrari and combines it with new developments from Ferrari and its suppliers. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ferrari FXX In the Enzo Ferrari, it set the record for the most powerful naturally aspirated engine in a road car. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ferrari F140 engine Like the Enzo, the car was sold to specially selected existing clients of Ferrari only. The initial price was €1.3 million. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The FXX is based on the street-legal flagship Enzo Ferrari. Production of the FXX began in 2005. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ferrari FXX 1940 AAC 815 was the first racing car to be designed by Enzo Ferrari, although it was not badged as a Ferrari model. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ferrari The Enzo skipped this rule, although the F60 name was applied to a Ferrari Formula One car and is sometimes attached to the Enzo. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ferrari In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was approached by the Ford Motor Company about a possible buy out. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ferrari Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share, which is currently owned by his son Piero Lardi Ferrari. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ferrari This team was called Scuderia Ferrari (founded by Enzo in 1929) and acted as a racing division for Alfa Romeo. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Enzo Ferrari Enzo Ferrari's strong personality and controversial management style became notorious in 1962. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Enzo Ferrari In August 2015, Christian Bale was reported to be playing Enzo Ferrari but left on January 15, 2016 due to health concerns. In March 2017, Hugh Jackman replaced Bale to play Enzo in Michael Mann's biopic. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari The Enzo's F140 B V12 engine was the first of a new generation for Ferrari. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The car was named the Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina, and retains the Enzo's drivetrain and vehicle identification number. The car was unveiled at the 2006 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance and appeared in the September issue of Car and Driver. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Born to Enzo Ferrari and his wife Laura Dominica Garello, Alfredo was named after his paternal grandfather. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Alfredo Ferrari Piero Ferrari is the son of Enzo Ferrari and his mistress, Lina Lardi (1911-2006). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Piero Ferrari Moreover, during 1937 the first examples of Alfetta 158 were assembled in Modena under Enzo Ferrari's supervision. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) History of Ferrari Enzo Ferrari's strong personality had served his company and racing team, Scuderia Ferrari, well for decades. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) History of Ferrari In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversaw the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari launched before his death later that year. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ferrari In response, Enzo Ferrari and Englebert, the tyre manufacturer, were charged with manslaughter in a lengthy criminal prosecution that was finally dismissed in 1961. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Enzo Ferrari Enzo Ferrari spent a reserved life, and rarely granted interviews. He seldom left Modena and Maranello and never went to any Grands Prix outside of Italy after the 1950s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Enzo Ferrari He witnessed the launch of the Ferrari F40, shortly before his death, which was dedicated as a symbol of his achievements. In 2002 the first car to be named after him was launched as the Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Enzo Ferrari More than 200 components were designed especially for the car. Most components, including the engine, drivetrain, are modified from the original Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The P4/5 has the same engine as the Enzo Ferrari it was built on, a 65° Ferrari F140 B V12. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina He is the second and only living son of Enzo Ferrari, and a 10.00% owner of the Ferrari automotive company of which he is the vice chairman. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Piero Ferrari The FXX uses some technology demonstrated on the Enzo Ferrari and combines it with new developments from Ferrari and its suppliers. However, the car is only a part of the overall FXX program. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ferrari FXX Enzo Ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ferrari On March 12, Enzo Ferrari took the car out for its first test-drive on the open roads. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Ferrari Enzo Ferrari died in 1988, at the age of 90. The last new model he commissioned was the specialist F40. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Ferrari From 2002 to 2004, Ferrari produced the Enzo, their fastest model at the time, which was introduced and named in honor of the company's founder, Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ferrari The circuit is named after Ferrari's late founder, Enzo Ferrari, and his son, Alfredo Dino Ferrari, who died in 1956 at age 24. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Imola Circuit The car was initially an Enzo Ferrari but the owner James Glickenhaus preferred the styling of Ferrari's 1960s race cars, the P Series. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina Glickenhaus purchased the last unsold Enzo Ferrari and upon receipt of the car he took it to Pininfarina to be redesigned similar to his David Piper P4 replica which he also delivered to Pininfarina. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The Ferrari P4/5 can accelerate from 0-100 kilometres per hour (0-62 mph) in 3.0 seconds (0.14 seconds quicker than the Enzo). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina Most components, including the engine, drivetrain, are modified from the original Enzo Ferrari. The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is unchanged from the Enzo from which it was derived. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The Enzo Ferrari, or Type F140, is a 12-cylinder mid-engine sports car named after the company's founder, Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Italian design studio Pininfarina had wanted to make a special one-off sports car based on the Enzo Ferrari flagship and was looking for a backer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Maserati MC12 is a two-seat mid-engine sports car that is a derivative of the Enzo Ferrari developed by Maserati while under the control of Ferrari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Unlike the Enzo, the clients did not take delivery of the car themselves. Rather, it is maintained and kept by Ferrari and available for the client's use on various circuits as arranged by Ferrari and also during private track sessions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Alfredo Ferrari (nicknamed Alfredino or Dino) (1932–1956) was an Italian automotive engineer and the first son of automaker Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Alfredo Ferrari The Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Italy was originally named the "Autodromo Dino Ferrari" in Alfredo's honour, with his father's name added after Enzo's death in 1988. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Alfredo Ferrari The gearbox incorporates the latest developments from Ferrari's F1 program and has a shift time of under 100 milliseconds. The brake pads were also upgraded from the Enzo. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari FXX Ferrari is an Italian company which has produced sports cars since 1947, but traces its roots back to 1929 when Enzo Ferrari formed the Scuderia Ferrari racing team. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Ferrari In 1938 Alfa Romeo brought its racing operation again in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milano and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Ferrari Enzo Ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. The Scuderia bought, prepared and fielded racing cars for gentleman drivers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Ferrari The first Ferrari-badged car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine; Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund Scuderia Ferrari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of a three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari Enzo Ferrari was not initially interested in the idea of producing road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari in 1929, with headquarters in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari (pronounced [skudeˈriːa]) literally means "Ferrari Stable" and is usually used to mean "Team Ferrari." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversaw the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari launched before his death later that year. In 1989, the company was renamed Ferrari S.p.A. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari In 1989, the company was renamed Ferrari S.p.A. From 2002 to 2004, Ferrari produced the Enzo, their fastest model at the time, which was introduced and named in honor of the company's founder, Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S. Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ferrari Ferrari's shakeup, however, proved to be successful. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari It is also popularly joked that Enzo Ferrari had reincarnated as the German footballer, Mesut Özil, as Özil's face bares a great resemblance to that of Ferrari's and also the latter was born in the year 1988, the same year the former had died. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari In 1920, Enzo joined the racing department of Alfa Romeo as a driver. Ferrari won his first Grand Prix in 1923 in Ravenna on the Savio Circuit. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari His death was not made public until two days later, as by Enzo's request, to compensate for the late registration of his birth. He witnessed the launch of the Ferrari F40, shortly before his death, which was dedicated as a symbol of his achievements. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari In 2004, American magazine Sports Car International named the Enzo Ferrari number three on their list of Top Sports Cars of the 2000s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Ferrari decided to use some of the technology developed for the Enzo in a small-scale program to get more feedback from certain customers for use in future car design as well as their racing program. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) h (205 mph) due to engine tuning and less drag coefficient (due to a sharper nose and smoother curves) than the Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Maserati MC12 has the same engine, chassis, and gearbox as the Enzo but the only externally visible component from the Enzo is the windshield. Due to this, the Maserati MC12 is sometimes nicknamed the "Second Generation Ferrari Enzo". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Born to Enzo Ferrari and his wife Laura Dominica Garello, Alfredo was named after his paternal grandfather. Enzo, who at the time was a racing driver for Alfa Romeo, had vowed to stop racing cars if he had a son. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Alfredo Ferrari Enzo, who at the time was a racing driver for Alfa Romeo, had vowed to stop racing cars if he had a son. True to his word, he retired from driving in 1932 and concentrated on racing team management with his newly formed Scuderia Ferrari. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Alfredo Ferrari As divorce was illegal in Italy until 1975, Piero could not be acknowledged as a Ferrari family member until the death of Enzo's estranged wife, Laura, in 1978. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Piero Ferrari In 1988, when Enzo Ferrari died, Piero was the sole heir of the Ferrari family and inherited his father's 10% share of the company and the ownership of the Fiorano Circuit. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Piero Ferrari He is the second and only living son of Enzo Ferrari, and a 10.00% owner of the Ferrari automotive company of which he is the vice chairman. He owns 13.2% of the Ferretti Group. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Piero Ferrari Enzo had met Lina in the late 1930s when she was working at Carrozzerie Orlandi, a coachbuilder company in Modena. The two became romantically involved soon after and continued their relationship until Ferrari's death in 1988. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Piero Ferrari The brake pads were also upgraded from the Enzo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari FXX The Ferrari FXX is a high-performance track-only developmental prototype built by Italian automobile manufacturer Ferrari. The FXX is based on the street-legal flagship Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari FXX On September 6, 1939, Enzo Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the provision that he won't use the Ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Ferrari Enzo Ferrari's strong personality had served his company and racing team, Scuderia Ferrari, well for decades. Internal tensions reached boiling point in November 1961. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Ferrari The vehicle sold for $200,000 at the auction. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cadillac CT6 Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1939 out of the Alfa Romeo race division as Auto Avio Costruzioni, the company built its first car in 1940, and produced its first Ferrari-badged car in 1947. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari In 1938, Alfa Romeo brought its racing operation again in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milan and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department; therefore the Scuderia Ferrari was disbanded. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari Ferrari would win one final title, the 1972 World Championship of Makes before Enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow Scuderia Ferrari to concentrate solely on Formula One. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari From 2002 to 2004, Ferrari produced the Enzo, their fastest model at the time, which was introduced and named in honor of the company's founder, Enzo Ferrari. It was to be called the F60, continuing on from the F40 and F50, but Ferrari was so pleased with it, they called it the Enzo instead. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ferrari The circuit is named after Ferrari's late founder, Enzo Ferrari, and his son, Alfredo Dino Ferrari, who died in 1956 at age 24. The circuit has a FIA Grade One licence. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Imola Circuit Ferrari himself regularly contributed to the magazine for a few years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari The vehicle was driven by John Heinricy during the attempt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cadillac CTS Despite the Enzo's performance and price, the 430 Scuderia (an improved version of Ferrari's standard F430 production car) is capable of lapping the Ferrari test track just 0.1 seconds slower than the Enzo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The core of this program is the Ferrari FXX. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Unlike the Enzo, the clients did not take delivery of the car themselves. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) (186 mph), before decreasing to 5,738 N (1,290 lbf) at top speed. The Enzo's F140 B V12 engine was the first of a new generation for Ferrari. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Ferrari decided to use some of the technology developed for the Enzo in a small-scale program to get more feedback from certain customers for use in future car design as well as their racing program. The core of this program is the Ferrari FXX. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The core of this program is the Ferrari FXX. It was loosely based on the Enzo's design with a highly tuned 6.3-liter version of the Enzo's engine generating a power output of approximately 800 PS (588 kW; 789 hp). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Alfredo Ferrari (nicknamed Alfredino or Dino) (1932–1956) was an Italian automotive engineer and the first son of automaker Enzo Ferrari. He had Duchenne muscular dystrophy and died at the age of 24. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Alfredo Ferrari Piero Ferrari is the son of Enzo Ferrari and his mistress, Lina Lardi (1911-2006). Enzo had met Lina in the late 1930s when she was working at Carrozzerie Orlandi, a coachbuilder company in Modena. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Piero Ferrari The two became romantically involved soon after and continued their relationship until Ferrari's death in 1988. As divorce was illegal in Italy until 1975, Piero could not be acknowledged as a Ferrari family member until the death of Enzo's estranged wife, Laura, in 1978. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Piero Ferrari As divorce was illegal in Italy until 1975, Piero could not be acknowledged as a Ferrari family member until the death of Enzo's estranged wife, Laura, in 1978. In 1990 he legally changed his name from Piero Lardi Ferrari to Piero Ferrari. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Piero Ferrari After they drive the car, the owners are entitled to be debriefed by Ferrari on the car's performance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari FXX At the same time the Scuderia Ferrari was disbanded. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Ferrari In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Ferrari By 1963, Ford tried to buy Ferrari but no agreement was reached. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Ferrari In 1938 Alfa Romeo brought its racing operation again in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milano and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department. At the same time the Scuderia Ferrari was disbanded. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Ferrari The first Ferrari-badged car was the 1947 125 Sport, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine. On March 12, Enzo Ferrari took the car out for its first test-drive on the open roads. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Ferrari In 1943, the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari This platform served Ferrari very well through the 1950s and 1960s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari Historically, Ferrari has also produced flat 12 engines. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari Ferrari has had a long-standing relationship with Shell Oil. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was approached by the Ford Motor Company about a possible buy out. Ford audited Ferrari's assets but legal negotiations and talks were unilaterally cut off by Ferrari when he realized that the deal offered by Ford would not enable him to stay at the helm of the company racing program. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari As the Ford deal fell through, FIAT approached Ferrari with a more flexible proposal and purchased controlling interests in the company in 1969. Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share, which is currently owned by his son Piero Lardi Ferrari. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ferrari The Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari is a race track in the Italian town Imola, 40 kilometres (24.9 mi) east of Bologna. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Imola Circuit It was also produced during the war as a military transport vehicle. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chevrolet Suburban The vehicle could be configured from two- to nine-passenger seating. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chevrolet Suburban Initially displayed on Alfa Romeos, the shield was first seen on a Ferrari in 1947. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari Following Allied bombing of the factory, Ferrari relocated from Modena to Maranello. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari Enzo decided to battle the dominating Alfa Romeos and race with his own team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari In 1953 Ferrari made his only attempt at the Indianapolis 500. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari The "great walkout" came at an especially difficult time for Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari In 1981 Ferrari attempted to revive his team's fortunes by switching to turbo engines. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari He witnessed the launch of the Ferrari F40, shortly before his death, which was dedicated as a symbol of his achievements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari This team was called Scuderia Ferrari (founded by Enzo in 1929) and acted as a racing division for Alfa Romeo. The team was very successful, thanks to the excellent cars, for example the Alfa Romeo P3 and to the talented drivers, like Nuvolari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari won his first world championship Grand Prix with José Froilán González at Silverstone in 1951. The story goes that Enzo cried like a baby when his team finally defeated the mighty Alfetta 159. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari Even if the car would be finished, it was unclear if it could be raced successfully. Ferrari's shakeup, however, proved to be successful. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari As divorce was illegal in Italy until 1975, Piero could only be recognized as Enzo's son after Laura's death in 1978. Piero is currently the vice chairman of the Ferrari company with a 10% share ownership. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is unchanged from the Enzo from which it was derived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The Ferrari P4/5 can accelerate from 0-100 kilometres per hour (0-62 mph) in 3.0 seconds (0.14 seconds quicker than the Enzo). It has a top speed of 233 mph (375 km/h). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The hoods and liftgate panels now are made of aluminum in an effort to reduce vehicle weight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chevrolet Tahoe The Enzo Ferrari generates substantial amounts of downforce, which is achieved by the front underbody flaps, the small adjustable rear spoiler and the rear diffuser working in conjunction, 3,363 newtons (756 lbf) are generated at 200 km/ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Enzo in the test had a broken electronic damper. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) After filming was complete, the Enzo was flown to France to be at the Motor Show. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) This information is used by Ferrari to develop their future sports cars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Ferrari FXX program was continued until 2009 with the Ferrari FXX Evoluzione. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) It was a lightweight version of the Enzo Ferrari that would borrow features from Formula One race cars, using the F430's aluminium space frame on a 104.3-inch (2,650 mm) wheelbase. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Enzo's F140 B V12 engine was the first of a new generation for Ferrari. It is based on the design of the V8 engine found in the Maserati Quattroporte, using the same basic design and 104 mm (4.1 in) bore spacing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Due to this, the Maserati MC12 is sometimes nicknamed the "Second Generation Ferrari Enzo". The MC12 is slower in acceleration (0–100 km/h or 0–62 mph being achieved in 3.8 seconds), has a lower top speed of 330 km/ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) During his time at Ferrari, Alfredo started experiencing health problems. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Alfredo Ferrari The president himself eschewed riding in the vehicle due to his "image as a rough-riding horseman". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Presidential state car (United States) The two became romantically involved soon after and continued their relationship until Ferrari's death in 1988. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piero Ferrari In 1990 he legally changed his name from Piero Lardi Ferrari to Piero Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piero Ferrari Ferrari was awarded the title of Cavaliere del Lavoro in 2004. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piero Ferrari In 1990 he legally changed his name from Piero Lardi Ferrari to Piero Ferrari. Ferrari grew up in Modena. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piero Ferrari Pritchard, Anthony (2009). Ferrari: Men from Maranello. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piero Ferrari The 30th car was retained by Ferrari S.p.A. and presented to Ferrari's F1 World Champion driver, Michael Schumacher, along with an Enzo Ferrari when he retired from Formula One racing at the end of 2006 as a token of appreciation for his achievements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari FXX The Ferrari FXX program continued until 2009 (2007-2009), with the FXX Evoluzione. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari FXX The caveat behind the FXX is only that Ferrari technicians must look over the car "before the car hits the track in any event or private testing session. "The FXX, an evolution of the Enzo in essence, shares some components with the flagship car, but numerous significant developments are unique to the FXX. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari FXX This was the first time a Ferrari-badged car was entered in a race. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari In 1957 the company changed its name to Auto Costruzioni Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari All were tremendous losses to the company, and many thought this might be the end of Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari This "great walkout" came at an especially difficult time for Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari New model investment further up in the Ferrari range also received a boost. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari In addition, Ferrari was now forced to race also at Le Mans, despite concerns that even the modified engine would not last. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari Ferrari then retired from Sports car racing to focus on the railing F1 effort. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari Ferrari celebrated the 70th anniversary of its foundation in 2017. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari In 1935 the Ferrari's workshop designed and built its first race car, the Alfa Romeo Bimotore, taking the first steps on the route to become a car manufacturer. Moreover, during 1937 the first examples of Alfetta 158 were assembled in Modena under Enzo Ferrari's supervision. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari Moreover, during 1937 the first examples of Alfetta 158 were assembled in Modena under Enzo Ferrari's supervision. In 1938 Alfa Romeo brought its racing operation again in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milano and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Ferrari This is the first vehicle to offer a rearview camera mounted in the rearview mirror. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cadillac CT6 Scuderia Ferrari (pronounced [skudeˈriːa]) literally means "Ferrari Stable" and is usually used to mean "Team Ferrari." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari In 1989, the company was renamed Ferrari S.p.A. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari The Ferrari Challenge is a one-make racing series for the Ferrari 458. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Road cars quickly became the bulk of Ferrari sales. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Every Ferrari that comes out of Maranello is built to an individual customer's specification. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update of this philosophy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Mythos. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Millechili. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari The Countess asked Enzo to use this horse on his cars, suggesting that it would bring him good luck. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari The cavallino rampante is the visual symbol of Ferrari. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Roughly thirty Ferrari boutiques exist worldwide, with two owned by Ferrari and the rest operating as franchises. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari There are currently two Ferrari-themed amusement parks in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Adler, Dennis, Ferrari: The Road from Maranello. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari The first Ferrari-badged car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine; Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund Scuderia Ferrari. The Scuderia Ferrari name was resurrected to denote the factory racing cars and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari This pedigree extends through the Enzo Ferrari to the LaFerrari. In February 2019, at the 89th Geneva International Motor Show, Ferrari revealed its latest mid-engine V8 supercar, the F8 Tributo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari Flagship models (aka "halo cars") use the letter F followed by the anniversary in years, such as the F40 and F50. The Enzo skipped this rule, although the F60 name was applied to a Ferrari Formula One car and is sometimes attached to the Enzo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari This engine was derived from the already extant Ferrari/Maserati V8. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari F140 engine The 5998 cc engine, designed for the Enzo, is known within Ferrari as the Tipo F140B, whereas the very similar Tipo F140C engine displaces 5999 cc and was designed for the 599 as the most powerful series-production Ferrari engine, a trend that has continued with the F12 and 812. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ferrari F140 engine It is one of the few major international circuits to run in an anti-clockwise direction. The circuit is named after Ferrari's late founder, Enzo Ferrari, and his son, Alfredo Dino Ferrari, who died in 1956 at age 24. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Imola Circuit The 1970s saw new extremes in vehicle luxury and dimension. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cadillac A 2019 iSeeCars.com study named the Chevrolet Suburban the second-ranked longest-lasting vehicle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chevrolet Suburban It also cited the vehicle's design as "baroque" and summed it up as "a 1960s Brazilian crossover." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chevrolet Suburban A combination of sheet metal and aluminum was used to ensure a more lightweight vehicle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chevrolet Suburban Partway through the model year, the GM was removed from the vehicle's front doors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cadillac Escalade Enzo Ferrari was said to have been born on 18 February 1898 in northern africa, Italy and that his birth was recorded on 19 February because a heavy snowstorm had prevented his father from reporting the birth at the local registry office; in reality, his birth certificate states he was born on 20 February 1898, while the birth's registration took place on 24 February 1898 and was reported by the midwife. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari became severely sick himself in the 1918 flu pandemic and was consequently discharged from the Italian service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Following the family's carpentry business collapse, Ferrari started searching for a job in the car industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari In 1920, Enzo joined the racing department of Alfa Romeo as a driver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari won his first Grand Prix in 1923 in Ravenna on the Savio Circuit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari In 1937 Scuderia Ferrari was dissolved and Ferrari returned to Alfa's raping team, named Alfa Corse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari At the end of the war, Ferrari decided to start making cars bearing his name, and founded Ferrari S.p.A. in 1947. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari The story goes that Enzo cried like a baby when his team finally defeated the mighty Alfetta 159. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari became a joint-stock company, and Fiat took a small share in 1965. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Following the agreement with Fiat, Ferrari stepped down as managing director of the road car division in 1971. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (Montezemolo eventually assumed the presidency of Ferrari in 1992, a post he held until September 2014). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari claimed that Villeneuve's aggressive driving style reminded him of Tazio Nuvolari. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari According to technical director Mauro Forghieri, "When we returned to Maranello, Ferrari was ecstatic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari In 1982, the second turbo-powered Ferrari, the 126C2, showed great promise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Enzo had a second son, Piero, with his mistress Lina Lardi in 1945. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari died on 14 August 1988 in Maranello at the age of 90. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari The P4/5 uses the 6 speed automated manual of the Enzo with black shifting paddles behind the wheel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The car was initially an Enzo Ferrari but the owner James Glickenhaus preferred the styling of Ferrari's 1960s race cars, the P Series. The project cost Glickenhaus US$ 4 million and was officially presented to the public in August 2006 at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elégance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina The Tahoe/Yukon were shorter than the Suburban on which they were based, but shared that vehicle's GMT400 platform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Tahoe The Chevrolet Tahoe Limited was based on the Chevrolet Tahoe SS concept vehicle introduced in 1996 that never made it to production. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Tahoe The updated and redesigned vehicle will move up in its top of the line level trim due to the introduction of the AT4 that was slotted above the SLT level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Tahoe The center of gravity in this vehicle is lower than that of the four-wheel-drive version and the ground clearance is about 1 in (25 mm) less, with a standard rear bumper replacing the tow hitch on civilian Tahoes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Tahoe However, the Enzo Ferrari was described as one of the "Fifty Ugliest Cars of the Past 50 Years", as Bloomberg Businessweek cited its superfluous curves and angles as too flashy, particularly the V-shaped hood, scooped-out doors, and bulbous windshield. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) A track-only variation, the MC12 Corsa was later developed, similar to the Ferrari FXX. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) In 2004, American magazine Sports Car International named the Enzo Ferrari number three on their list of Top Sports Cars of the 2000s. American magazine Motor Trend Classic named the Enzo as number four in their list of the ten "Greatest Ferraris of all time". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The initial price was €1.3 million. Unlike the Enzo, the clients did not take delivery of the car themselves. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Maserati MC12 is a two-seat mid-engine sports car that is a derivative of the Enzo Ferrari developed by Maserati while under the control of Ferrari. It was developed specifically to be homologated for racing in the FIA GT Championship, with a minimum requirement of 25 road versions to be produced before the car could be allowed to compete. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) After his death, Ferrari named the car fitted with the engine that Alfredo was working on at the time of his death "Dino" in his honour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alfredo Ferrari Enzo, who at the time was a racing driver for Alfa Romeo, had vowed to stop racing cars if he had a son. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alfredo Ferrari True to his word, he retired from driving in 1932 and concentrated on racing team management with his newly formed Scuderia Ferrari. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alfredo Ferrari From an early age Enzo groomed Alfredino, "little Alfredo", to be his successor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alfredo Ferrari In 1969 Ferrari started working informally for the family company as an English translator for his father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piero Ferrari In 1989 he was nominated vice chairman by Ferrari's then president Vittorio Ghidella. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piero Ferrari Ferrari was very close to his paternal grandmother, Adalgisa Bisbini (1872-1965). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piero Ferrari Piero Lardi Ferrari (born 22 May 1945) is an Italian billionaire businessman and sport personality. He is the second and only living son of Enzo Ferrari, and a 10.00% owner of the Ferrari automotive company of which he is the vice chairman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piero Ferrari In 1988, when Enzo Ferrari died, Piero was the sole heir of the Ferrari family and inherited his father's 10% share of the company and the ownership of the Fiorano Circuit. In 1989 he was nominated vice chairman by Ferrari's then president Vittorio Ghidella. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piero Ferrari Customers pay GB£2 million, but are only allowed to drive the car on special track days which are approved by Ferrari. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari FXX Ferrari has built 30 cars in total, adding one special edition to the 29 cars that were originally planned. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari FXX The original 29 cars have all been sold to pre-selected past Ferrari customers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari FXX The owners of the FXX also participate in Ferrari's testing and brand development programs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari FXX The Ferrari's monopostos were now sporting the Prancing Horse shield on the engine cover. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari In December 1946 Ferrari released to the press the specifications and drawings of his new car. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari Early in 1969, Fiat S.p.A. took a 50% stake in Ferrari. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari Less positive was the effect on industrial relations at Ferrari's Maranello plant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari Fiat increased its stake in Ferrari to 90% after buying the shares of its founder. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari On September 6, 1939, Enzo Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the provision that he won't use the Ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years. A few days later he founded Auto Avio Costruzioni, headquartered in the facilities of the old Scuderia Ferrari in Modena. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari On March 12, Enzo Ferrari took the car out for its first test-drive on the open roads. Two examples debuted on May 11, 1947 at the Piacenza racing circuit, driven by Franco Cortese and Nino Farina. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Ferrari Ferrari road cars are generally seen as a symbol of speed, luxury and wealth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Ferrari cars are built at the 165,000 square-meter (16.5-hectare) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari In 2014 Ferrari was rated the world's most powerful brand by Brand Finance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Ferrari bought, prepared, and fielded Alfa Romeo racing cars for gentleman drivers, functioning as the racing division of Alfa Romeo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari In 1940, Ferrari produced a race car – the Tipo 815, based on a Fiat platform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari The Scuderia Ferrari name was resurrected to denote the factory racing cars and distinguish them from those fielded by customer teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Scuderia Ferrari has participated in several classes of motorsport, though it is currently only officially involved in Formula One. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari its first Drivers Championship a year later. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Ferrari is the oldest team in the championship, and the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Although Scuderia Ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973, they have occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari In this sense, each vehicle is a unique result of a specific client's desire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari The 1984 288 GTO may be considered the first in the line of Ferrari supercars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Only in the 1973 Daytona 24 Hours, a 365 GTB/4 run by NART (who raced Ferraris in America) ran second, behind a Porsche 911.The various Dino models were named for Enzo's son, Dino Ferrari, and were marketed as Dinos by Ferrari and sold at Ferrari dealers—for all intents and purposes they are Ferraris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari Ferrari has used the cavallino rampante on official company stationery since 1929. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari In 1938, Alfa Romeo brought its racing operation again in-house, forming Alfa Corse in Milan and hired Enzo Ferrari as manager of the new racing department; therefore the Scuderia Ferrari was disbanded. In September 1939, Ferrari left Alfa Romeo under the provision he would not use the Ferrari name in association with races or racing cars for at least four years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari When the championship format changed in 1962, Ferrari earned titles in at least one class each year through to 1965 and then again in 1967. Ferrari would win one final title, the 1972 World Championship of Makes before Enzo decided to leave sports car racing after 1973 and allow Scuderia Ferrari to concentrate solely on Formula One. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of a three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. Therefore, Ferrari 125 S had 1.5 L (1496.77 cc) V12 engine with a unitary displacement of 124.73 cc; whilst S-suffix represented Sport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari The 5998 cc engine, designed for the Enzo, is known within Ferrari as the Tipo F140B, whereas the very similar Tipo F140C engine displaces 5999 cc and was designed for the 599 as the most powerful series-production Ferrari engine, a trend that has continued with the F12 and 812. This engine is also used in Maserati Birdcage 75th. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ferrari F140 engine A dashboard switch allows the vehicle to power all four wheels simultaneously, or the rear wheels only, and allows the low range gearing to be engaged. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Suburban A spare tire relocated beneath the vehicle (instead of in the cargo area as on previous models) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Suburban Although the vehicle has a high GVWR, it is configured to provide a minimal towing capacity and is primarily intended for conversion to an armored vehicle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Suburban It was also produced during the war as a military transport vehicle. Seating for up to eight occupants was available. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Suburban The "great walkout" came at an especially difficult time for Ferrari. At the urging of Chiti, the company was developing a new 250-based model. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari According to technical director Mauro Forghieri, "When we returned to Maranello, Ferrari was ecstatic. I have never seen him so happy for a second place". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari In 1981 Ferrari attempted to revive his team's fortunes by switching to turbo engines. In 1982, the second turbo-powered Ferrari, the 126C2, showed great promise. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari Ferrari died on 14 August 1988 in Maranello at the age of 90. No cause of death was given. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari No cause of death was given. His death was not made public until two days later, as by Enzo's request, to compensate for the late registration of his birth. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari This version be used for all purposes including pursuits and high speed responses. The center of gravity in this vehicle is lower than that of the four-wheel-drive version and the ground clearance is about 1 in (25 mm) less, with a standard rear bumper replacing the tow hitch on civilian Tahoes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Tahoe The center of gravity in this vehicle is lower than that of the four-wheel-drive version and the ground clearance is about 1 in (25 mm) less, with a standard rear bumper replacing the tow hitch on civilian Tahoes. Highway patrol agencies prefer the two-wheel-drive version, where pursuits and long distance responses are more common. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Tahoe Also used are technologies not allowed in F1, such as active aerodynamics and traction control. The Enzo Ferrari generates substantial amounts of downforce, which is achieved by the front underbody flaps, the small adjustable rear spoiler and the rear diffuser working in conjunction, 3,363 newtons (756 lbf) are generated at 200 km/ --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The Enzo Ferrari generates substantial amounts of downforce, which is achieved by the front underbody flaps, the small adjustable rear spoiler and the rear diffuser working in conjunction, 3,363 newtons (756 lbf) are generated at 200 km/ h (124 mph), 7,602 newtons (1,709 lbf) attained at 299 km/h --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) It was driven on a beach by actress Demi Moore. After filming was complete, the Enzo was flown to France to be at the Motor Show. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) The MC12 is slower in acceleration (0–100 km/h or 0–62 mph being achieved in 3.8 seconds), has a lower top speed of 330 km/ h (205 mph) due to engine tuning and less drag coefficient (due to a sharper nose and smoother curves) than the Enzo Ferrari. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) h (205 mph) due to engine tuning and less drag coefficient (due to a sharper nose and smoother curves) than the Enzo Ferrari. However, the MC12 has lapped race tracks faster than the Enzo before, specifically on the UK motoring show Top Gear, and the Nurbürgring Nordschleife (at colder outside temperatures). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) Millechili, Italian for one thousand (mille) kilograms (chili), is the code name for a prototype sports car to be manufactured by Ferrari. It was a lightweight version of the Enzo Ferrari that would borrow features from Formula One race cars, using the F430's aluminium space frame on a 104.3-inch (2,650 mm) wheelbase. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) It was a lightweight version of the Enzo Ferrari that would borrow features from Formula One race cars, using the F430's aluminium space frame on a 104.3-inch (2,650 mm) wheelbase. The hybrid power train utilising a V10 engine used in the car would exceed 610 PS (449 kW; 602 hp). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Enzo Ferrari (automobile) During his time at Ferrari, Alfredo started experiencing health problems. His physical movements gradually became stiff and he was often unable to maintain his balance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Alfredo Ferrari Ferrari grew up in Modena. He became passionate about mechanics by hanging out in a bike repair shop close to his mother's home. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Piero Ferrari In the mid-1980s he became supervisor of the production of road cars, where he helped developing concepts for the low-volume Ferrari F40, Ferrari F50 and LaFerrari. In 1988, when Enzo Ferrari died, Piero was the sole heir of the Ferrari family and inherited his father's 10% share of the company and the ownership of the Fiorano Circuit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Piero Ferrari Customers pay GB£2 million, but are only allowed to drive the car on special track days which are approved by Ferrari. After they drive the car, the owners are entitled to be debriefed by Ferrari on the car's performance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari FXX The FXX may be stored by owners wherever they please. The caveat behind the FXX is only that Ferrari technicians must look over the car "before the car hits the track in any event or private testing session. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari FXX The original 29 cars have all been sold to pre-selected past Ferrari customers. The 30th car was retained by Ferrari S.p.A. and presented to Ferrari's F1 World Champion driver, Michael Schumacher, along with an Enzo Ferrari when he retired from Formula One racing at the end of 2006 as a token of appreciation for his achievements. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari FXX In 1957 the company changed its name to Auto Costruzioni Ferrari. The same year, the Dino marque was introduced. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Ferrari The big V8-powered Shelby Cobra challenged the Ferraris in the early 1960s. By 1963, Ford tried to buy Ferrari but no agreement was reached. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Ferrari The vehicle sold for $200,000 at the auction. The car was "Platinum" trim level and painted Stellar Black Metallic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cadillac CT6 The CT6 uses a rear view mirror camera, which allows the driver to easily see what is behind them via a digital image projected onto the rearview mirror. This is the first vehicle to offer a rearview camera mounted in the rearview mirror. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cadillac CT6 Ferrari S.p.A. (; Italian: [ferˈraːri]) is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1939 out of the Alfa Romeo race division as Auto Avio Costruzioni, the company built its first car in 1940, and produced its first Ferrari-badged car in 1947. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari In 1943, the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the Allies and subsequently rebuilt including works for road car production. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari The Ferrari Challenge is a one-make racing series for the Ferrari 458. The FXX is not road legal and is therefore only used for track events. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari The cavallino rampante is the visual symbol of Ferrari. Cavallino Magazine uses the name, but not the logo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari Adler, Dennis, Ferrari: The Road from Maranello. Random House, 2006. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ferrari The Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari is a race track in the Italian town Imola, 40 kilometres (24.9 mi) east of Bologna. It is one of the few major international circuits to run in an anti-clockwise direction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Imola Circuit A 2018 iSeeCars.com study identified the Chevrolet Suburban as the car that is driven the most each year. A 2019 iSeeCars.com study named the Chevrolet Suburban the second-ranked longest-lasting vehicle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Suburban In recent years, the Suburban has been used as a police truck, fire chief's vehicle, or EMS vehicle. Suburbans are also used as limousines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Suburban Suburbans were built in model years 1941, 1942, and 1946. It was also produced during the war as a military transport vehicle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Suburban A combination of sheet metal and aluminum was used to ensure a more lightweight vehicle. The dashboard and entertainment system have been fleshed out, moving away from the traditional design. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chevrolet Suburban
1832.	Q: Does ivy grow on the front of Princeton's Nassau Hall? Title = Nassua Hall.JPG Description = Title = Princeton University Nassua 2 Description = A: yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey), Nassau Inn, President's House (Princeton University), Nassau Hall, Princeton Cemetery, Princeton University, Nassau Presbyterian Church, History of Princeton University, Nassau, University Cottage Club Toggle details	Starting in 1922, commencement has been held on the front lawn of Nassau Hall when there is good weather. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Princeton University As a result, the building is known as Nassau Hall. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Nassau Hall "At present, Nassau Hall houses Princeton University's administrative offices, including that of the university's president. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Nassau Hall In 1756 the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) opened in Princeton and services were held in Nassau Hall. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Nassau Presbyterian Church Princeton University was founded in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1746 as the College of New Jersey, shortly before moving into the newly built Nassau Hall in Princeton. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) History of Princeton University In 1756, the College moved to its new quarters to Nassau Hall, in Princeton, New Jersey. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) History of Princeton University It was completed in 1756, the same year as Nassau Hall. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) President's House (Princeton University) It depicted a front view of Nassau Hall. It was denominated at the first class rate of 3 cents and was on orange paper. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Nassau Hall Its home in Princeton was Nassau Hall, named for the royal William III of England, a member of the House of Orange-Nassau. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Princeton University Current traditions Princeton students celebrate include the ceremonial bonfire, which takes place on the Cannon Green behind Nassau Hall. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Princeton University Student unrest led to an explosion at the Nassau Hall front door and several other incidents in 1814. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) History of Princeton University Nassau Hall burned down in 1802, in which Smith blamed on rebellious students. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Princeton University In another disaster, fire destroyed Nassau Hall in March 1802. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) History of Princeton University The College of New Jersey, which became Princeton University in 1896, was founded in 1746 and moved to Princeton ten years later on the completion of Nassau Hall. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) George Washington occupied Maclean House in January 1777, during the Battle of Princeton and in 1783 while Congress met in Nassau Hall. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) President's House (Princeton University) The first U.S. commemorative postage stamp printed on colored paper honored Nassau Hall on its bicentennial. It depicted a front view of Nassau Hall. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Nassau Hall Buried in the ground at the center of the lawn south of Nassau Hall is the "Big Cannon," which was left in Princeton by British troops as they fled following the Battle of Princeton. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Princeton University Military occupation and the Battle of Princeton severely damaged the college during the war. In another disaster, fire destroyed Nassau Hall in March 1802. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) History of Princeton University Nassau Hall (or colloquially Old Nassau) is the oldest building at Princeton University in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Nassau Hall In the early years of Princeton University, Nassau Hall accommodated classrooms, a library, a chapel, and residential space for students and faculty. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Nassau Hall "At present, Nassau Hall houses Princeton University's administrative offices, including that of the university's president. Old Nassau refers affectionately to the building and serves as a metonym for the university as a whole. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Nassau Hall The campus expanded steadily around Nassau Hall during the early and middle 19th century. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Princeton University In 1966, Nassau Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Princeton University Since 1911, the front entrance has been flanked by two bronze tigers, a gift of the Princeton Class of 1879, which replaced two lions previously given in 1889. Starting in 1922, commencement has been held on the front lawn of Nassau Hall when there is good weather. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Princeton University Starting in 1922, commencement has been held on the front lawn of Nassau Hall when there is good weather. In 1966, Nassau Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Princeton University During the American Revolutionary War, Nassau Hall was possessed by both British and American forces and suffered considerable damage, especially during the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Nassau Hall From June 30 to November 4, 1783, Princeton was the provisional capital of the United States, and Nassau Hall served as its seat of government. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Nassau Hall The British Redcoats seized control of Nassau Hall in 1776, and American soldiers were forced to fire upon their own building in the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Nassau Hall The result of the battle was a decisive Patriot victory, and Nassau Hall was retaken by the Americans. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Nassau Hall The College did suffer from the Revolution, though, with a depreciated endowment and hefty repair bills for Nassau Hall. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Princeton University A second "Little Cannon" is buried in the lawn in front of nearby Whig Hall. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Princeton University The Princeton University Chapel is located on the north side of campus near Nassau Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Princeton University In 1777, the College became the site for the Battle of Princeton. During the battle, British soldiers briefly occupied Nassau Hall before eventually surrendering to American forces led by General George Washington. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Princeton University A second "Little Cannon" is buried in the lawn in front of nearby Whig Hall. This cannon, which may also have been captured in the Battle of Princeton, was stolen by students of Rutgers University in 1875. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Princeton University In another disaster, fire destroyed Nassau Hall in March 1802. Student unrest led to an explosion at the Nassau Hall front door and several other incidents in 1814. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) History of Princeton University In 1783, the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, with many Founding Fathers staying in the Inn. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Nassau Inn The song Old Nassau was adopted as Princeton University's alma mater (school song) in 1859. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Nassau Hall The cannonball was said to have come from a gun in the artillery company commanded by Alexander Hamilton, who had been rejected by Princeton when he first came to the colonies. The result of the battle was a decisive Patriot victory, and Nassau Hall was retaken by the Americans. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Nassau Hall Princeton Cemetery is located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It is owned by the Nassau Presbyterian Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Princeton Cemetery The first building on campus was Nassau Hall, completed in 1756 and situated on the northern edge of the campus facing Nassau Street. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Princeton University Buried in the ground at the center of the lawn south of Nassau Hall is the "Big Cannon," which was left in Princeton by British troops as they fled following the Battle of Princeton. It remained in Princeton until the War of 1812, when it was taken to New Brunswick. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Princeton University Princeton students partake in a wide variety of campus traditions, both past and present. Current traditions Princeton students celebrate include the ceremonial bonfire, which takes place on the Cannon Green behind Nassau Hall. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Princeton University The Presbyterians of central New Jersey had two places of worship in either Lawrenceville or Kingston. In 1756 the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) opened in Princeton and services were held in Nassau Hall. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Nassau Presbyterian Church Nassau Hall (or colloquially Old Nassau) is the oldest building at Princeton University in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. In 1783 it served as the United States Capitol building for four months. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Nassau Hall During the summer and fall of 1783, the Continental Congress and Washington met in Nassau Hall, making Princeton the country's capital for four months; in Nassau Hall is where Congress learned of the peace treaty between the colonies and the British. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Princeton University Its home in Princeton was Nassau Hall, named for the royal William III of England, a member of the House of Orange-Nassau. Construction took two years to build and was built of stone from a nearby quarry. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Princeton University It was removed to the campus under cover of night by Princeton students in 1838 and buried in its current location in 1840. A second "Little Cannon" is buried in the lawn in front of nearby Whig Hall. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Princeton University Current traditions Princeton students celebrate include the ceremonial bonfire, which takes place on the Cannon Green behind Nassau Hall. It is held only if Princeton beats both Harvard University and Yale University at football in the same season. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Princeton University In 1756 the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) opened in Princeton and services were held in Nassau Hall. A few years later funds were collected to build a church to serve the growing population of students and teachers. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Nassau Presbyterian Church John Gifford took over management of the hotel, renaming it the Nassau Inn, sometimes Nassau Hotel, and hanging a sign depicting Nassau Hall at the entrance. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Nassau Inn The New Jersey Legislature met for the first time in Nassau Hall on August 27, 1776. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Nassau Hall The first U.S. commemorative postage stamp printed on colored paper honored Nassau Hall on its bicentennial. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Nassau Hall In the early years of Princeton University, Nassau Hall accommodated classrooms, a library, a chapel, and residential space for students and faculty. It housed the university's first Department of Psychology, for example. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Nassau Hall Starting in 1869, each graduation class adds a new sprig of ivy to grow up the walls of the building. The first U.S. commemorative postage stamp printed on colored paper honored Nassau Hall on its bicentennial. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Nassau Hall During the battle, British soldiers briefly occupied Nassau Hall before eventually surrendering to American forces led by General George Washington. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Princeton University Under Smith, the student-led Riot of 1807 at Nassau Hall occurred, spurred by underlying distrust of educational reforms by Smith away from the Church. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Princeton University Princeton was chosen for its central location in New Jersey and by strong recommendation by Belcher. Its home in Princeton was Nassau Hall, named for the royal William III of England, a member of the House of Orange-Nassau. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Princeton University Nassau Hall itself served as the capital of the United States in the summer of 1783 and George Washington received the nation's thanks there. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) In 1783, the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, with many Founding Fathers staying in the Inn. Hageman's 1879 history of Princeton relates that Mayor Morford of Princeton insisted that the assembly had met in the Inn, with its ballroom serving as the Court of Chancery. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Nassau Inn From June 30 to November 4, 1783, Princeton was the provisional capital of the United States, and Nassau Hall served as its seat of government. The Congress of the Confederation met in the building's library on the second floor. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Nassau Hall When Nassau Hall burned down again in 1855, Maclean raised funds and used the money to rebuild Nassau Hall and run the university on an austerity budget during the war years. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Princeton University Starting in 1887, the university maintained and staffed a sister college, Evelyn College for Women, in the town of Princeton on Evelyn and Nassau streets. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Princeton University Princeton also has several traditions that have faded into the past. One of the them was Clapper Theft, the act of climbing to the top of Nassau Hall to steal the bell clapper, which rings to signal the start of classes on the first day of the school year. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Princeton University Princeton University was founded in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1746 as the College of New Jersey, shortly before moving into the newly built Nassau Hall in Princeton. In 1783, for about four months Nassau Hall hosted the United States Congress, and many of the students went on to become leaders of the young republic. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of Princeton University In 1756, the College moved to its new quarters to Nassau Hall, in Princeton, New Jersey. Nassau Hall, named to honor King William III, Prince of Orange, of the House of Nassau, was one of the largest buildings in the colonies. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of Princeton University The Nassau Inn is the only full-service hotel in downtown Princeton, New Jersey, United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Nassau Inn The Inn experienced British occupation during the American Revolution and played host to members of the Continental Congress when it met in nearby Nassau Hall. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Nassau Inn At the time it was built in 1756, Nassau Hall was the largest building in colonial New Jersey and the largest academic building in the American colonies. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Nassau Hall The trustees of the College of New Jersey initially suggested that Nassau Hall be called Belcher College in recognition of Governor Jonathan Belcher's interest in the institution. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Princeton University Since 1911, the front entrance has been flanked by two bronze tigers, a gift of the Princeton Class of 1879, which replaced two lions previously given in 1889. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Princeton University "Old Nassau" has been Princeton University's school song since 1859, when it was written that year by freshman Harlan Page Peck. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Princeton University The Nassau Presbyterian Church is a historic congregation located at 61 Nassau Street in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Nassau Presbyterian Church Nassau Hall, named to honor King William III, Prince of Orange, of the House of Nassau, was one of the largest buildings in the colonies. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) History of Princeton University Notable churches within the district include Nassau Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal, Nassau Christian Center, and the Princeton University Chapel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) After his famous crossing of the Delaware and victory at the Battle of Trenton, George Washington led the Continental Army to victory at the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. Nassau Hall itself served as the capital of the United States in the summer of 1783 and George Washington received the nation's thanks there. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) George Washington occupied Maclean House in January 1777, during the Battle of Princeton and in 1783 while Congress met in Nassau Hall. It now serves as the home of the Alumni Association of Princeton University and houses 35 staff, hosts many alumni functions and showcases Princeton memorabilia and a library of Princetoniana. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) President's House (Princeton University) The Congress of the Confederation convened in Nassau Hall for a little more than four months (from June 30, 1783, to November 4, 1783). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Nassau Hall The lyrics were written by Harlan Page Peck, a member of Princeton's class of 1862, and first published in the March 1859 issue of Nassau Literary Magazine. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Nassau Hall It officially became a university in 1896 and was subsequently renamed Princeton University. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University Princeton was ranked first in the 2021 U.S. News rankings. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University Other groups include the Princeton University Orchestra, the flagship symphony orchestra group founded in 1896, and the Princeton Symphony Orchestra, both of which perform at Alexander Hall. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University Princeton also has several traditions that have faded into the past. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University During the battle, British soldiers briefly occupied Nassau Hall before eventually surrendering to American forces led by General George Washington. During the summer and fall of 1783, the Continental Congress and Washington met in Nassau Hall, making Princeton the country's capital for four months; in Nassau Hall is where Congress learned of the peace treaty between the colonies and the British. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University During the summer and fall of 1783, the Continental Congress and Washington met in Nassau Hall, making Princeton the country's capital for four months; in Nassau Hall is where Congress learned of the peace treaty between the colonies and the British. The College did suffer from the Revolution, though, with a depreciated endowment and hefty repair bills for Nassau Hall. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University In 1795, President Samuel Stanhope Smith took office, the first alumnus to become its president. Nassau Hall burned down in 1802, in which Smith blamed on rebellious students. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University Starting in 1887, the university maintained and staffed a sister college, Evelyn College for Women, in the town of Princeton on Evelyn and Nassau streets. It was closed after roughly a decade of operation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University The first building on campus was Nassau Hall, completed in 1756 and situated on the northern edge of the campus facing Nassau Street. The campus expanded steadily around Nassau Hall during the early and middle 19th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Princeton University In 1783, for about four months Nassau Hall hosted the United States Congress, and many of the students went on to become leaders of the young republic. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Princeton University It was completed in 1756, the same year as Nassau Hall. John Witherspoon lived here from 1768 through 1779, during which time he served as a delegate to the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) President's House (Princeton University) The U.S. Department of the Interior designated Nassau Hall a National Historic Landmark in 1960, "signifying its importance in the Revolutionary War and in the history of the United States." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nassau Hall Designed originally by Robert Smith, the building was subsequently remodeled by notable American architects Benjamin Latrobe, after the 1802 fire, and John Notman, after the 1855 fire. In the early years of Princeton University, Nassau Hall accommodated classrooms, a library, a chapel, and residential space for students and faculty. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nassau Hall In 1777, the College became the site for the Battle of Princeton. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University Carnegie hoped the opportunity to take up rowing would inspire Princeton students to forsake football, which he considered "not gentlemanly." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University It remained in Princeton until the War of 1812, when it was taken to New Brunswick. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University The theft ignited the Rutgers-Princeton Cannon War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University (A short-lived Princeton Law School closed in 1852.) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University Princeton's application also requires several writing supplements and a submitted graded written paper. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University One of the them was Clapper Theft, the act of climbing to the top of Nassau Hall to steal the bell clapper, which rings to signal the start of classes on the first day of the school year. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University Maclean took over the presidency in 1854 and led the university through the American Civil War. When Nassau Hall burned down again in 1855, Maclean raised funds and used the money to rebuild Nassau Hall and run the university on an austerity budget during the war years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University When Nassau Hall burned down again in 1855, Maclean raised funds and used the money to rebuild Nassau Hall and run the university on an austerity budget during the war years. With a third of students from the College being from the South, enrollment dropped. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University In 1966, Nassau Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Nowadays, it houses the office of the university president and other administrative offices and remains the symbolic center of the campus. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University The Princeton University Chapel is located on the north side of campus near Nassau Street. It was built between 1924 and 1928 at a cost of $2.3 million, approximately $34.7 million adjusted for inflation in 2020. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Princeton University The newly constructed First Presbyterian Church of Princeton opened in 1766. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nassau Presbyterian Church In 1780 an amended charter declared that the trustees should no longer swear allegiance to the king of England, and in 1783 the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, thus making it the capitol of the United States for a short time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Princeton University Wilson also served as president of Princeton from 1902 to 1910. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Princeton University Woodrow Wilson: Princeton to the Presidency (2008) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Princeton University It first opened at 52 Nassau Street in 1769 in a home built in 1756. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Inn The Nassau Inn is the only full-service hotel in downtown Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It first opened at 52 Nassau Street in 1769 in a home built in 1756. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Inn Christopher and Grace Beekman retired as proprietors of the Inn around the turn of the 19th century. John Gifford took over management of the hotel, renaming it the Nassau Inn, sometimes Nassau Hotel, and hanging a sign depicting Nassau Hall at the entrance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Inn In 2017, the Princeton University Art Museum, in collaboration with the Princeton & Slavery Project, commissioned American artist Titus Kaphar to create a public art piece in front of the President's House. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) President's House (Princeton University) Old Nassau refers affectionately to the building and serves as a metonym for the university as a whole. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Hall It was first issued at Princeton, New Jersey, on September 22, 1956. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Hall In 1783 it served as the United States Capitol building for four months. At the time it was built in 1756, Nassau Hall was the largest building in colonial New Jersey and the largest academic building in the American colonies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Hall Princeton Cemetery is located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton Cemetery It is owned by the Nassau Presbyterian Church. John F. Hageman in his 1878 history of Princeton, New Jersey refers to the cemetery as: "The Westminster Abbey of the United States." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton Cemetery Princeton uses a residential college system and is also known for its upperclassmen eating clubs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Many Princeton scientists would work on the Manhattan Project during the war. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University In 1836 the cannon was returned to Princeton and placed at the eastern end of town. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton's grounds were designed by Beatrix Farrand between 1912 and 1943. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton's operating budget is approximately $2 billion per year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Required independent work is a hallmark of undergraduate education at Princeton. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton has no medical school, law school, business school, or school of education. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton faculty, research scientists, and graduate scientists can participate in research with the lab. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Other publications include The Nassau Literary Review, the second oldest undergraduate literary magazine, the Princeton Tory, a campus journal of conservative thought, --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton is home to a variety of performing arts and music groups. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton's oldest choir is the Glee Club, which began in 1874. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Princeton hosts 37 men's and women's varsity sports. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Construction took two years to build and was built of stone from a nearby quarry. The trustees of the College of New Jersey initially suggested that Nassau Hall be called Belcher College in recognition of Governor Jonathan Belcher's interest in the institution. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University The trustees of the College of New Jersey initially suggested that Nassau Hall be called Belcher College in recognition of Governor Jonathan Belcher's interest in the institution. Although the request was vetoed by the governor, according to myth, Belcher replied: "What a name that would be!" --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Nassau Hall burned down in 1802, in which Smith blamed on rebellious students. The college raised enough funds for reconstruction, as well as the construction of two new buildings, Stanhope Hall and Philosophical Hall, the latter of which no longer stands. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University Under Smith, the student-led Riot of 1807 at Nassau Hall occurred, spurred by underlying distrust of educational reforms by Smith away from the Church. Following Smith's mishandling of the situation, falling enrollment, and faculty resignations, the Trustees of the University offered resignation to Smith, which he accepted. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University The university also owns more than 520 acres (2.1 km2) of property in West Windsor Township, and is where Princeton is planning to construct a graduate student housing complex, which will be known as "Lake Campus North". The first building on campus was Nassau Hall, completed in 1756 and situated on the northern edge of the campus facing Nassau Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University One of the them was Clapper Theft, the act of climbing to the top of Nassau Hall to steal the bell clapper, which rings to signal the start of classes on the first day of the school year. For safety reasons, the clapper has been removed permanently. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University "Old Nassau" has been Princeton University's school song since 1859, when it was written that year by freshman Harlan Page Peck. It was originally published in the Nassau Literary Magazine, where it won the magazine's prize for best college song. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Princeton University The church operates the Princeton Cemetery and is a contributing property to the Princeton Historic District. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nassau Presbyterian Church Military occupation and the Battle of Princeton severely damaged the college during the war. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University In 1812 Princeton Theological Seminary was established as a separate institution. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University In 1902 Woodrow Wilson became Princeton's 13th president. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University Some of the greatest minds of 20th century were associated with Princeton University. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University The original quadrangle—Nassau Hall, the president's house, and two flanking halls—has grown into a 600-acre (2.4 km2) main campus with more than 160 buildings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University Princeton is one of the smallest of the nation's leading research universities. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University Three future U.S. presidents studied at Princeton as undergraduates. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University In 1780 an amended charter declared that the trustees should no longer swear allegiance to the king of England, and in 1783 the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, thus making it the capitol of the United States for a short time. Nine Princeton alumni attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787, more than from any other American or British institution. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Princeton University Princeton's first settlers came in the 1690s, with Quakers settling along the Stony Brook, and the Kingston Mill being built along the Millstone River. The town itself grew up in the early 18th century along an old Indian trail which became Nassau Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) Old Nassau refers affectionately to the building and serves as a metonym for the university as a whole. The U.S. Department of the Interior designated Nassau Hall a National Historic Landmark in 1960, "signifying its importance in the Revolutionary War and in the history of the United States." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Nassau Hall The song Old Nassau was adopted as Princeton University's alma mater (school song) in 1859. The lyrics were written by Harlan Page Peck, a member of Princeton's class of 1862, and first published in the March 1859 issue of Nassau Literary Magazine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Nassau Hall Princeton students embrace a wide variety of traditions from both the path and present. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Patton's administration was marked with great change, for Princeton's enrollment and faculty doubled. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Ambitious seniors were also allowed to undertake independent work, which would eventually shape Princeton's emphasis on undergraduate independent work. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University On October 2, 1913, the Princeton University Graduate College was dedicated. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University They were considered regular students for their year on campus, but were not candidates for a Princeton degree. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University This cannon, which may also have been captured in the Battle of Princeton, was stolen by students of Rutgers University in 1875. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Princeton is a member of the New Jersey Space Grant Consortium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Princeton offers several methods to apply: the Common Application, the Coalition Application, and the QuestBridge Application. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University As a result, Princeton increases financial aid for upperclassmen, and the eating clubs also offer financial assistance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University The Undergraduate Student Government (USG) serves as Princeton's student government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Princeton's Model Congress is the oldest model congress in America. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Princeton also features 15 chaplaincies and multiple religious student groups. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University It is held only if Princeton beats both Harvard University and Yale University at football in the same season. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Writer Selden Edwards and poet W. S. Merwin graduated from Princeton. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University It was originally published in the Nassau Literary Magazine, where it won the magazine's prize for best college song. After an unsuccessful attempt at singing it to Auld Lang Syne's melody, Karl Langlotz, a Princeton professor, wrote the music for it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Princeton University Later in the 20th century, the culture became more liberal, and Princeton became coeducational in 1969 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University Princeton University was founded at Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1746 as the College of New Jersey. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University As Princeton looked toward expansion, Wilson focused on the quality of the individual teaching and learning experience. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University Harvard's actions were based on the fact that games with Princeton had been marred by fights and roughness. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University Princeton's professors form a single faculty that teaches both undergraduate and graduate students. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University Originally an institution devoted to the education of young men, Princeton became coeducational in 1969. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University Noll, Mark A. Princeton and the Republic, 1768-1822: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University The Princeton Graduate School: A History (2nd ed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Princeton University The district encompasses the core parts of the campuses of the Princeton Theological Seminary and Princeton University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) The town itself grew up in the early 18th century along an old Indian trail which became Nassau Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) Its close proximity to Princeton University helps to maintain high occupancy rates at the inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Inn The house also appears on the Princeton University Art Museum's mobile tour of Art and Slavery at Princeton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) President's House (Princeton University) The cannonball was said to have come from a gun in the artillery company commanded by Alexander Hamilton, who had been rejected by Princeton when he first came to the colonies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Hall Starting in 1869, each graduation class adds a new sprig of ivy to grow up the walls of the building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Hall At the time it was built in 1756, Nassau Hall was the largest building in colonial New Jersey and the largest academic building in the American colonies. The university, originally known as the College of New Jersey, held classes for one year in Elizabeth and nine years in Newark before the hall was completed in 1756. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Hall The Congress of the Confederation convened in Nassau Hall for a little more than four months (from June 30, 1783, to November 4, 1783). The normal location in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania had to be vacated because of a mutiny by Continental Army soldiers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Hall Presbyterian minister, second president of Princeton University and father of Aaron Burr --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Cemetery Erling Dorf (1905-1984), Renowned paleobotanist, professor of Geology at Princeton University --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Cemetery Jonathan Edwards (1703–1758), president of Princeton University and Calvinist theologian --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Cemetery Joseph Kargé (1823–1892), Civil War General and Princeton University professor --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton Cemetery Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University In 1756, the college moved again to its present campus in Princeton, New Jersey due to it being too close to New York. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton was chosen for its central location in New Jersey and by strong recommendation by Belcher. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Even so, believing the College wasn't religious enough, he took a prominent role in establishing the Princeton Theological Seminary next door. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University During World War II, Princeton offered an accelerated program for students to graduate early before entering the armed forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Still, Dodds maintained academic standards and would establish the Princeton Program for servicemen, so students could resume their education once discharged. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Carnegie financed the lake's construction in 1906 at the behest of a friend and his brother who were both Princeton alumni. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The Shea Rowing Center on the lake's shore continues to serve as the headquarters for Princeton rowing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University It was removed to the campus under cover of night by Princeton students in 1838 and buried in its current location in 1840. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University A compromise between the presidents of Princeton and Rutgers ended the war and forced the return of the Little Cannon to Princeton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton is a member of the Association of American Universities, the Universities Research Association, and the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The university acquired the hotel and converted it to Princeton Inn College in 1970 as more residence was needed since women were now being admitted. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton ranked fourth for undergrad teaching for 2021, falling from first place in the 2020 rankings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Based on 2018 data, Princeton's National Academy Membership totaled to 126, ranking 9th in the nation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University From 1977 to 1995, Princeton employed an early action program, and in 1996, transitioned to an early decision program. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University In 2017, Princeton ranked as fifth in a list for universities with students with the least amount of debt upon graduating. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton hosts around 500 recognized student organizations and several campus centers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton's WPRB (103.3 FM) radio station is the oldest licensed college radio station in the nation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Arch sings are where a cappella performances are held in one of Princeton's many gothic arches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton students partake in a wide variety of campus traditions, both past and present. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton students also abide by the tradition of never exiting the campus through FitzRandolph Gates until one graduates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University It was originally published in the Nassau Literary Magazine, where it won the magazine's prize for best college song. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton has made significant progress in expanding the diversity of its student body in recent years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton supports organized athletics at three levels: varsity intercollegiate, club intercollegiate, and intramural. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University It also provides "a variety of physical education and recreational programs" for members of the Princeton community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The Princeton administration considered naming the mascot in 2007, but the effort was dropped in the face of alumni opposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton is an NCAA Division I school, with its athletic conference being the Ivy League. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University With its last win being in 2018, Princeton has won 12 Ivy League championships. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Pulitzer prize-winning journalists Barton Gellman and Lorraine Adams are Princeton alumni. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The college raised enough funds for reconstruction, as well as the construction of two new buildings, Stanhope Hall and Philosophical Hall, the latter of which no longer stands. Under Smith, the student-led Riot of 1807 at Nassau Hall occurred, spurred by underlying distrust of educational reforms by Smith away from the Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The campus expanded steadily around Nassau Hall during the early and middle 19th century. The McCosh presidency (1868–88) saw the construction of a number of buildings in the High Victorian Gothic and Romanesque Revival styles, although many of them are now gone, leaving the remaining few to appear out of place. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton's grounds were designed by Beatrix Farrand between 1912 and 1943. Her contributions were most recently recognized with the naming of a courtyard for her. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The comedic scramble Tiger Band was formed in 1919 and plays at halftime shows and other events. Other groups include the Princeton University Orchestra, the flagship symphony orchestra group founded in 1896, and the Princeton Symphony Orchestra, both of which perform at Alexander Hall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Other groups include the Princeton University Orchestra, the flagship symphony orchestra group founded in 1896, and the Princeton Symphony Orchestra, both of which perform at Alexander Hall. A cappella groups are a staple of campus life, with many holding concerts, informal shows, and arch sings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton students also abide by the tradition of never exiting the campus through FitzRandolph Gates until one graduates. According to tradition, anyone who exits campus before their graduation will not graduate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Most undergraduates participate in athletics at some level. Princeton's colors are orange and black. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University Princeton's colors are orange and black. The school's athletes are known as Tigers, and the mascot is a tiger. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Princeton University The Nassau Presbyterian Church is a historic congregation located at 61 Nassau Street in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It has been the home of many important figures in the history of Presbyterianism in the United States as a result of its proximity to Princeton University and the Princeton Theological Seminary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nassau Presbyterian Church This resulted from Princeton's adhering to the conservative Old School wing of the Presbyterian denomination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Complaining that Princeton was dominated by "eating clubs" in which students ate with each other and ignored the professors, he sought to build Oxford-style colleges where students and faculty would eat and talk together. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Wartime changes opened Princeton to the larger world and brought it into the mainstream of American society. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University From their beginnings Harvard, Yale and Princeton restricted the admittance of Jews and other minorities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Liberals sought to make Princeton a modern university that promoted a liberal philosophy of education and liberal theology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Princeton thus ceased being a Presbyterian institution in the 1920s, as symbolized by the building of a great interdenominational chapel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Veblen's skill in securing university funding helped to make the Princeton mathematics department a center of mathematics research. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Princeton's students and faculty share the tradition of educational excellence begun more than 250 years ago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Nassau Hall, named to honor King William III, Prince of Orange, of the House of Nassau, was one of the largest buildings in the colonies. For nearly half a century it housed the entire College—classrooms, dormitories, library, chapel, dining room, and kitchen. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Complaining that Princeton was dominated by "eating clubs" in which students ate with each other and ignored the professors, he sought to build Oxford-style colleges where students and faculty would eat and talk together. He failed—the eating clubs are still there. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Princeton University has produced 29 Nobel laureates. Some of the greatest minds of 20th century were associated with Princeton University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Some of the greatest minds of 20th century were associated with Princeton University. Princeton has also produced several Fields Medallists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Maynard, W. Barksdale. Woodrow Wilson: Princeton to the Presidency (2008) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Woodrow Wilson: Princeton to the Presidency (2008) (ISBN 0300136048 / 978-0300136043) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Princeton University Princeton, and the world-renowned University to which it is home, has played a significant role in 300 years of American history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) Princeton's first settlers came in the 1690s, with Quakers settling along the Stony Brook, and the Kingston Mill being built along the Millstone River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey) Hageman's 1879 history of Princeton relates that Mayor Morford of Princeton insisted that the assembly had met in the Inn, with its ballroom serving as the Court of Chancery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nassau Inn At least five Princeton presidents who occupied the President's House between 1756 and 1822 owned enslaved people who lived and worked in the house. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) President's House (Princeton University) The President's House is the first stop on the Stories of African American Life at Princeton walking tour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) President's House (Princeton University) George Wildman Ball (1909–1994), diplomat (Actually there is no record of his burial in the Princeton Cemetery) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton Cemetery Donald B. Fullerton (1892-1985), missionary and founder of the Princeton Christian Fellowship --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton Cemetery The university is governed by the Trustees of Princeton University and has an endowment of $26.6 billion, the largest endowment per student in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton's second charter made it the first American college where its trustees came from more than one denomination. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University The changes brought about much new faculty and cemented Princeton's academics for the first half of the 20th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Aside from managing Princeton during WWI, Hibben introduced the senior thesis in 1923 as a part of The New Plan of Study. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In 1987, the university changed the gendered lyrics of "Old Nassau" to reflect the school's co-educational student body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Lynden B. Miller was invited to work with him as Princeton's consulting gardening architect, focusing on the 17 gardens that are distributed throughout the campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Though art collection at the university dates back to its very founding, the Princeton University Art Museum wasn't officially established till 1882 by President McCosh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton's 20th and current president is Christopher Eisgruber, who was appointed by the university's board of trustees in 2013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Like most of Princeton's Gothic buildings, they predate the residential college system and were fashioned into colleges from individual dormitories. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In 2003, Princeton broke ground for a sixth college named Whitman College after its principal sponsor, Meg Whitman, who graduated from Princeton in 1977. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Construction finished in 2007, and Whitman College was inaugurated as Princeton's sixth residential college that same year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton has one graduate residential college, known simply as the Graduate College, located beyond Forbes College at the outskirts of campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In October 2013, Princeton President Christopher Eisgruber created a faculty committee to review the deflation policy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In the 2021 Times Higher Education assessment of the world's greatest universities, Princeton was ranked 9th. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In 2011, The Business Journal rated Princeton as the most selective college in the Eastern United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In 2001, expanding on earlier reforms, Princeton became the first university to eliminate the use of loans in financial aid, replacing them with grants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Dating back to 1883, the Princeton Triangle Club is America's oldest touring musical-comedy theater group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University After an unsuccessful attempt at singing it to Auld Lang Syne's melody, Karl Langlotz, a Princeton professor, wrote the music for it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Tiger Transit is the bus system of the university, mostly open to the public and linking university campuses and areas around Princeton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University The median family income of Princeton students is $186,100, with 72% of students coming from the top 20% highest-earning families. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Three years later Wright asked the dean for an explanation on his dismissal and the dean suggested to him that "a member of your race might feel very much alone" at Princeton University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton played against Rutgers University in the first intercollegiate football game in the U.S. on Nov 6, 1869. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University As of 2021, Princeton claims 28 national football championships, which would make it the most of any school, although the NCAA only recognizes 15 of the wins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In 1951, Dick Kazmaier won Princeton its only Heisman Trophy, the last to come from the Ivy League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University During this time, Princeton won 13 Ivy League titles and made 11 NCAA tournament appearances. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Carril introduced the Princeton offense, an offensive strategy that has since been adopted by a number of college and professional basketball teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University In addition to varsity sports, Princeton hosts 37 club sports teams, which are open to all Princeton students of any skill level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University The institution moved to Newark in 1747, and then to the current site nine years later. It officially became a university in 1896 and was subsequently renamed Princeton University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University As a result of a 1979 lawsuit by Sally Frank, Princeton's eating clubs were required to go coeducational in 1991, after an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court was denied. In 1987, the university changed the gendered lyrics of "Old Nassau" to reflect the school's co-educational student body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University It remained in Princeton until the War of 1812, when it was taken to New Brunswick. In 1836 the cannon was returned to Princeton and placed at the eastern end of town. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University This cannon, which may also have been captured in the Battle of Princeton, was stolen by students of Rutgers University in 1875. The theft ignited the Rutgers-Princeton Cannon War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University The theft ignited the Rutgers-Princeton Cannon War. A compromise between the presidents of Princeton and Rutgers ended the war and forced the return of the Little Cannon to Princeton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton has no medical school, law school, business school, or school of education. (A short-lived Princeton Law School closed in 1852.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton was ranked first in the 2021 U.S. News rankings. Princeton ranked fourth for undergrad teaching for 2021, falling from first place in the 2020 rankings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton offers several methods to apply: the Common Application, the Coalition Application, and the QuestBridge Application. Princeton's application also requires several writing supplements and a submitted graded written paper. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Founded in 1876, The Daily Princetonian, otherwise known as The Prince, is the second oldest college daily student newspaper in the United States. Other publications include The Nassau Literary Review, the second oldest undergraduate literary magazine, the Princeton Tory, a campus journal of conservative thought, --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University Princeton is home to a variety of performing arts and music groups. Many of the groups are represented by the Performing Arts Council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Princeton University The decision was made to create a new church out of the two (the Witherspoon Church was invited to the merger but declined) and Nassau Presbyterian Church was chartered in 1973. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nassau Presbyterian Church New Light Presbyterians founded the College of New Jersey, later Princeton University, in 1746 in order to train ministers dedicated to their views. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University John Witherspoon was a prominent evangelical Presbyterian minister in Scotland before becoming the sixth president of Princeton in 1768. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Nine Princeton alumni attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787, more than from any other American or British institution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University In 1926 Harvard entered into an agreement to play football against the University of Michigan instead of Princeton, and that agreement threatened to destroy the 'Big Three' relationship of the time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Liberals favored retaining the religious aspects of the curriculum and, since they came to control Princeton, they were able to maintain those courses along with various institutions that promoted liberal piety. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Oswald Veblen, a leading mathematician and chair of the department, took this approach as Princeton was in the process of transforming itself into a recognized research institution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Rounding out a Century: the Princeton Graduate School, 1969-2000," Princeton University Library Chronicle 2000 61(2): 170–216. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University "The History of Biology at Princeton," Princeton University Library Chronicle 2004 65(2): 161-183 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University The Half-Opened Door: Discrimination and Admissions at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, 1900-1970 (1979). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Locally, Witherspoon was influential in leading the royal colony of New Jersey—a colony initially ambivalent about revolution—toward rebellion. In 1780 an amended charter declared that the trustees should no longer swear allegiance to the king of England, and in 1783 the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, thus making it the capitol of the United States for a short time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University College authorities denounced it as a sign of moral decay. In 1812 Princeton Theological Seminary was established as a separate institution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University The original quadrangle—Nassau Hall, the president's house, and two flanking halls—has grown into a 600-acre (2.4 km2) main campus with more than 160 buildings. The “learned languages”—Latin and Greek—have been joined by many ancient and modern languages and an array of computer dialects. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Princeton University Advertisements for the estate sale described "two negro women, a negro man, and three Negro children" to be sold alongside livestock, furniture, and books. In 2017, the Princeton University Art Museum, in collaboration with the Princeton & Slavery Project, commissioned American artist Titus Kaphar to create a public art piece in front of the President's House. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) President's House (Princeton University) Another cannonball flew through a window in the Faculty Room and "decapitated" King George's portrait. The cannonball was said to have come from a gun in the artillery company commanded by Alexander Hamilton, who had been rejected by Princeton when he first came to the colonies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nassau Hall It was denominated at the first class rate of 3 cents and was on orange paper. It was first issued at Princeton, New Jersey, on September 22, 1956. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nassau Hall Princeton students embrace a wide variety of traditions from both the path and present. The university is a NCAA Division I school and competes in the Ivy League. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University In 1756, the college moved again to its present campus in Princeton, New Jersey due to it being too close to New York. Princeton was chosen for its central location in New Jersey and by strong recommendation by Belcher. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Witherspoon's leadership also brought together politics and religion, and under his presidency, both Witherspoon and the College became influential to the American Revolution and independence. In 1777, the College became the site for the Battle of Princeton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University The changes brought about much new faculty and cemented Princeton's academics for the first half of the 20th century. Due to tightening academic standards, enrollment declined severely until 1907. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Many Princeton scientists would work on the Manhattan Project during the war. During World War II, Princeton offered an accelerated program for students to graduate early before entering the armed forces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Carnegie financed the lake's construction in 1906 at the behest of a friend and his brother who were both Princeton alumni. Carnegie hoped the opportunity to take up rowing would inspire Princeton students to forsake football, which he considered "not gentlemanly." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Carnegie hoped the opportunity to take up rowing would inspire Princeton students to forsake football, which he considered "not gentlemanly." The Shea Rowing Center on the lake's shore continues to serve as the headquarters for Princeton rowing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University In 1836 the cannon was returned to Princeton and placed at the eastern end of town. It was removed to the campus under cover of night by Princeton students in 1838 and buried in its current location in 1840. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University A compromise between the presidents of Princeton and Rutgers ended the war and forced the return of the Little Cannon to Princeton. The protruding cannons are occasionally painted scarlet by Rutgers students who continue the traditional dispute. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Princeton's 20th and current president is Christopher Eisgruber, who was appointed by the university's board of trustees in 2013. The board is responsible for the overall direction of the university. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University The endowment is sustained through the continued donations of its alumni and is maintained by investment advisers. Princeton's operating budget is approximately $2 billion per year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Princeton's operating budget is approximately $2 billion per year. Princeton is a member of the Association of American Universities, the Universities Research Association, and the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Like most of Princeton's Gothic buildings, they predate the residential college system and were fashioned into colleges from individual dormitories. First and Butler, located south of the center of the campus, were built in the 1960s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Required independent work is a hallmark of undergraduate education at Princeton. Students graduate with either the Bachelor of Arts (A.B.) or the Bachelor of Science in Engineering (B.S.E.). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University In 2009, transcripts began including a statement about the policy. In October 2013, Princeton President Christopher Eisgruber created a faculty committee to review the deflation policy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Princeton hosts around 500 recognized student organizations and several campus centers. The Undergraduate Student Government (USG) serves as Princeton's student government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University The Undergraduate Student Government (USG) serves as Princeton's student government. The government is composed of a bicameral elected senate and class government, as well as appointed committees and groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Princeton's Model Congress is the oldest model congress in America. There are several publications on campus and a radio station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Arch sings are where a cappella performances are held in one of Princeton's many gothic arches. The oldest a cappella ensemble is the Nassoons, which were formed in 1941. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University At Reunions, a traditional parade of alumni and their families, known as the "P-rade", process through the campus. Princeton also has several traditions that have faded into the past. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University The student body is considered racially and ethnically diverse, although some students consider there to be social stratification. Princeton has made significant progress in expanding the diversity of its student body in recent years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University It also provides "a variety of physical education and recreational programs" for members of the Princeton community. Most undergraduates participate in athletics at some level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University The school's athletes are known as Tigers, and the mascot is a tiger. The Princeton administration considered naming the mascot in 2007, but the effort was dropped in the face of alumni opposition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Princeton hosts 37 men's and women's varsity sports. Princeton is an NCAA Division I school, with its athletic conference being the Ivy League. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University With its last win being in 2018, Princeton has won 12 Ivy League championships. In 1951, Dick Kazmaier won Princeton its only Heisman Trophy, the last to come from the Ivy League. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University Writer Selden Edwards and poet W. S. Merwin graduated from Princeton. American novelist Jodi Picoult and author David Remnick graduated. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Princeton University A few years later funds were collected to build a church to serve the growing population of students and teachers. The newly constructed First Presbyterian Church of Princeton opened in 1766. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nassau Presbyterian Church The newly constructed First Presbyterian Church of Princeton opened in 1766. John Witherspoon, the President of the College, began his 25 years tenure as pastor of First Church in 1768. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nassau Presbyterian Church During the American Revolution it survived occupation by soldiers from both sides and today bears a cannonball scar from the Battle of Princeton (January 3, 1777). The federal government recognized the historical significance of “Old Nassau” by awarding it national landmark status and by issuing an orange and black commemorative three-cent stamp in celebration of its 1956 bicentennial. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University In 1812 Princeton Theological Seminary was established as a separate institution. College authorities approved, for they were coming to see that specialized training in theology required more attention than they could give. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University Harvard's actions were based on the fact that games with Princeton had been marred by fights and roughness. During the 1930s, the 'Big Three' was restored, and in 1939 it was enlarged to the Ivy League. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University The few books in the Dickinson parlor were the seeds for 55 miles (89 km) of shelving and more than five million volumes in Firestone Library. The original quadrangle—Nassau Hall, the president's house, and two flanking halls—has grown into a 600-acre (2.4 km2) main campus with more than 160 buildings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University Originally an institution devoted to the education of young men, Princeton became coeducational in 1969. Today, approximately 5,000 undergraduates and 2,500 graduate students are enrolled here. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University Bonner, John Tyler. "The History of Biology at Princeton," Princeton University Library Chronicle 2004 65(2): 161-183 --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University Synnott, Marcia Graham. The Half-Opened Door: Discrimination and Admissions at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, 1900-1970 (1979). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University Thorp, Willard et al., eds. The Princeton Graduate School: A History (2nd ed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Princeton University
1314.	Q: Does the original Chick-Fil-A in Atlanta use the same interior table and chairs as the Rock the Guac restaurant in Cocoa Beach, Florida? Title = Wall of photographs, original Chick-fil-A, Atlanta Description = Title = Rock the Guac interior, Cocoa Beach.JPG Description = A: No. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, Folk rock, Chick-fil-A, 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl, Atlanta, Peach Bowl, Cocoa, List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches, Atlanta Hawks, Atlanta Thrashers, Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, Atlanta Braves, Jacksonville, Florida, Alternative rock, Atlanta (TV series), Cocoa Beach, Florida, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Rock On!!, Ford Mustang SVT Cobra, Florida City, Florida, Florida Keys, Guacamole, Atlanta Nagendra, Bumper pool, Ron Jon Surf Shop, Rock music, Folding table, South Cocoa Beach, Florida, Merritt Island Causeway, Jai Vilas Mahal, 1996 Summer Olympics, Miramar Beach, Florida, List of current interior ministers, Tijuana Flats, Rock, Rock, Rock! (film), 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl, Florida, The Rock, Florida (disambiguation), Pensacola, Florida, Surfside, Florida, I Dream of Jeannie, Atlanta Falcons, 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl, Tallahassee, Florida, Cocoa Beach Glass Bank, 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl, Atlanta murders of 1979–1981, Taco trucks on every corner, List of largest lakes of the United States by area, N/A, Dan Cathy, Interior design, Routing Information Protocol, Rock, Rock, Rock! (soundtrack), Indie rock, Salt & Straw, Just Add Magic (TV series), Rock, List of Florida hurricanes, S. Truett Cathy, List of Super Bowl commercials, Florida Man, Dwayne Johnson, Chick-fil-A and LGBT people, Cocoa Beach (horse), Cocoa Beach High School, So Random! Toggle details	Chick-fil-A retains ownership of each restaurant. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A selects the restaurant location and builds it. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Chick-fil-A The Merritt Island Causeway, mostly in Merritt Island, connects Cocoa, Merritt Island, Florida, and Cocoa Beach, Florida. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Merritt Island Causeway Chick-fil-A retains ownership of each restaurant. Chick-fil-A selects the restaurant location and builds it. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chick-fil-A Truett's original, full-service restaurants offer a substantial menu and provide customers a choice of table service, walk-up counter service or a drive-thru window. As of 2012, 6 Chick-fil-A Dwarf House restaurants were operating in the metro Atlanta area. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chick-fil-A Cocoa Beach is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Cocoa Beach, Florida He founded the fast food restaurant chain Chick-fil-A in 1946. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) S. Truett Cathy Cathy began the Chick-fil-A restaurant chain in the Atlanta suburb of Hapeville in 1946 with a restaurant called the Dwarf Grill, whose name arose because of its small size. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) S. Truett Cathy On June 29, 1957, the town of Cocoa Beach incorporated into a city. It sold its water system to Cocoa, Florida and contracted with them to furnish water. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Cocoa Beach, Florida The store specializes in surfing and bodyboarding equipment, and their Cocoa Beach, Florida, store is currently the largest surfing shop in the world. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ron Jon Surf Shop The first Chick-fil-A opened in 1967, in the food court of the Greenbriar Mall, in a suburb of Atlanta. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A is the first quick service restaurant to set forth a plan and commit to serving only poultry raised without antibiotics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A In October 2012, Chick-fil-A invited Hari to meet with company executives at its Atlanta, GA, headquarters. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A As of 2012, 6 Chick-fil-A Dwarf House restaurants were operating in the metro Atlanta area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A These factors are seen as the reason for Chick-fil-A's growth and expansion in the United States. Chick-fil-A retains ownership of each restaurant. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A selects the restaurant location and builds it. Chick-fil-A franchisees need only a $10,000 initial investment to become an operator. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A The corporation also includes one Ron Jon Surf School separately owned and run by Craig Carroll, located in Cocoa Beach, Florida. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ron Jon Surf Shop Hopkins also set Chick-Fil-A/Peach Bowl records for receptions and receiving yards (13 receptions, 191 yards). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl He told the Atlanta Journal-Constitution he has been working with Shane Windmeyer of Campus Pride since 2012. The article noted that WinShape and the Chick-fil-A Foundation had "dramatically" cut donations to groups opposed by same-sex marriage supporters. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Before the "Eat mor Chikin" cows, who debuted in 1995, the chicken that is still featured in the chain's logo was Chick-Fil-A's mascot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A In 2008, Chick-fil-A became the first fast-food restaurant to become completely trans-fat free. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A In 2011, food blogger and activist Vani Hari wrote a post titled "Chick-fil-A or Chemical Fil-A?" on her website, FoodBabe.com. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A This restaurant closed in 2019.In July 2018, Chick-fil-A announced plans to expand within Canada by opening a new restaurant in Toronto, Ontario, in 2019. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A In August 1996, Chick-fil-A opened its first location outside of North America by building a restaurant in Durban, South Africa. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl, first known as the Peach Bowl until 2006 and renamed Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl in 2014, is a college football bowl game played each year in Atlanta, Georgia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A released a statement on July 31, 2012, saying, "We are a restaurant company focused on food, service, and hospitality; our intent is to leave the policy debate over same-sex marriage to the government and political arena. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A The restaurant serves breakfast before transitioning to its lunch and dinner menu. Chick-fil-A also offers customers catered selections from its menu for special events. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A Although it has expanded outward from its original geographic base, most new restaurants are located in Southern suburban areas. Before the "Eat mor Chikin" cows, who debuted in 1995, the chicken that is still featured in the chain's logo was Chick-Fil-A's mascot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A Before the "Eat mor Chikin" cows, who debuted in 1995, the chicken that is still featured in the chain's logo was Chick-Fil-A's mascot. The name of the mascot is Doodles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A, a fast food restaurant chain based in nearby College Park, has sponsored the game since 1997. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Peach Bowl It sold its water system to Cocoa, Florida and contracted with them to furnish water. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cocoa Beach, Florida The crime rate of Cocoa Beach is higher than Florida where chances of becoming a victim is 1 in 232 while in Cocoa Beach it is 1 in 190 people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. The population was 11,539 at the 2018 United States Census. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cocoa Beach, Florida Even the interior was supposed to be the same as in 1999. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra South Cocoa Beach is an unincorporated community between Cocoa Beach and Patrick Space Force Base, in Brevard County, Florida, USA. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) South Cocoa Beach, Florida The 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game held on December 31, 2012, at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and the Tampa Bay Area on the West Coast. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Florida Supervising the selection committee was the Chick-fil-A Bowl Executive Committee, which consisted of representatives from various Atlanta businesses and the Chick-fil-A corporation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl He began doing radio commercials for his father's original Dwarf House restaurant in Hapeville, Georgia in the late 1960s, while he was attending local schools. By that time, his father was establishing additional restaurants around Atlanta and Georgia as he created the franchise chain known as Chick-fil-A. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dan Cathy The article noted that WinShape and the Chick-fil-A Foundation had "dramatically" cut donations to groups opposed by same-sex marriage supporters. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A is about food, and that's it. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people A document released by Chick-fil-A on September 20, 2012 did not mention any organizations opposed to same-sex marriage as being part of Chick-fil-A's donation base. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people A consulting firm projected that the average Chick-fil-A restaurant increased sales by 29.9 percent and had 367 more customers than a typical Wednesday. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Following this discovery, he registered the name Chick-fil-A, Inc. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A states on their site: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A Are requesting that Chick-fil-A, Inc. build at a specified location. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A A Chick-fil-A operated in Edinburgh during Spring 2018. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A At the original Chick-fil-A Dwarf Grill, in addition to the full-size entrances, there is also an extra small-sized front door. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A The name of the mascot is Doodles. In 2008, Chick-fil-A became the first fast-food restaurant to become completely trans-fat free. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl, first known as the Peach Bowl until 2006 and renamed Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl in 2014, is a college football bowl game played each year in Atlanta, Georgia. Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A At the same time, the white population of Atlanta has increased. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atlanta Since 1997, it has been sponsored by Chick-fil-A and is officially known as the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peach Bowl From 2006 to 2013, it was officially referred to as simply the Chick-fil-A Bowl. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peach Bowl The Peach Bowl is an annual college football bowl game played in Atlanta, Georgia since December 1968. Since 1997, it has been sponsored by Chick-fil-A and is officially known as the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peach Bowl The game was originally created as a fund-raiser by the Lions Clubs of Georgia in 1968, but after years of lackluster attendance and revenue, the game was taken over by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce. Chick-fil-A, a fast food restaurant chain based in nearby College Park, has sponsored the game since 1997. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peach Bowl The Town of Cocoa Beach was established on June 5, 1925. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach started its major growth during the 1960s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida The crime index for the Cocoa Beach is 2 in 100. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida The Cocoa Beach Pier, formerly known as the Cape Canaveral Pier, was built in 1962. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida During World War II, Cocoa Beach experienced money shortages for employees, and money to fix roads. In 1944, the town successfully fought a bill introduced in the Florida legislature which would have dissolved the city government. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida The crime rate of Cocoa Beach is higher than Florida where chances of becoming a victim is 1 in 232 while in Cocoa Beach it is 1 in 190 people. Below is the chart for the crime rate of violent nature in Cocoa beach. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach, Florida The 1997 Cobra was available in four exterior colors, as shown in the table below. The interior choices were the same as what was offered in 1996: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Florida City is situated mostly atop a limestone ridge called the Miami Rock Ridge that extends south from present day North Miami Beach to a location in Everglades National Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Florida City, Florida The surface of the table has the same cloth covering as a standard pool table. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bumper pool A wallpaper table (or paste or pasting table) is a long, light folding table used by interior decorators. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Folding table The eastern section is known as the Cocoa Beach Causeway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Merritt Island Causeway Miramar Beach is due east of the city of Destin, Florida. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Miramar Beach, Florida Miramar Beach, Florida is located on the Gulf of Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Miramar Beach, Florida Although the series was set in and around Cape Kennedy, Florida, and Major Nelson lived at 1020 Palm Drive in nearby Cocoa Beach, locales in California were used in place of those in Florida. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) I Dream of Jeannie The 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl was college football bowl game between the Clemson Tigers and the Auburn Tigers played in Atlanta, Georgia on December 31, 2007. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The Cocoa Beach Glass Bank, officially known as The First Federal Savings & Loan Association of Cocoa – Cocoa Beach Branch, was a five-story glass building in Cocoa Beach, Florida. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach Glass Bank Florida State's appearance in the Chick-fil-A Bowl marks a continuance of their streak of active consecutive bowl games to twenty nine. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl It was there that he, along with his brother and business partner Ben, created the chicken sandwich that later became the signature menu item for Chick-fil-A. The original restaurant (since renamed Dwarf House) is still in operation, and the company operates other Dwarf House locations in the metro Atlanta area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) S. Truett Cathy It was there that he, along with his brother and business partner Ben, created the chicken sandwich that later became the signature menu item for Chick-fil-A. The original restaurant (since renamed Dwarf House) is still in operation, and the company operates other Dwarf House locations in the metro Atlanta area. He married Jeannette, and they had three children: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) S. Truett Cathy The plant, located near Cathy's original Dwarf Grill (now Dwarf House), opened one year after the restaurant opened, and Truett regularly served during all three shifts at the plant. Cathy had a Leadership Scholarship program for Chick-fil-A restaurant employees, which has awarded more than $23 million in $1,000 scholarships in the past 35 years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) S. Truett Cathy In June 2012, following a series of public comments opposing same-sex marriage by Dan T. Cathy, Chick-fil-A's chief executive officer, related issues have arisen between the international fast food restaurant and the LGBT community. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A released a statement in July 2012 stating, "Going forward, our intent is to leave the policy debate over same-sex marriage to the government and political arena. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people This change in policy was not confirmed by Chick-fil-A officials. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On November 18, 2019, it was reported that Chick-fil-A will stop donating to the Salvation Army and Fellowship of Christian Athletes, two Christian organizations that oppose same-sex marriage. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Citing safety concerns, Chick-fil-A stopped distributing the toys. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "We are not engaging. Chick-fil-A is about food, and that's it. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Cocoa Beach was named Horse of the Year in Chile. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cocoa Beach (horse) The Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game is an annual series of college football games played on the opening weekend of the NCAA Division I FBS season in Atlanta, Georgia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The Chick-fil-A Kickoff consisted of two games in 2012. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game Chick-fil-A ( chik-fil-AY, a play on the American English pronunciation of "filet") is one of the largest American fast food restaurant chains and the largest whose specialty is chicken sandwiches. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A also offers customers catered selections from its menu for special events. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A In October 2015, the company opened a three-story 5,000 square feet (460 m2) restaurant in Manhattan that became the largest free-standing Chick-fil-A in the country at that time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A franchisees need only a $10,000 initial investment to become an operator. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A remained closed for Super Bowl LIII. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A vigorously protects its intellectual property, sending cease and desist letters to those they think have infringed on their trademarks. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game is an annual early-season college football game played at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia; before 2017, it was played at the Georgia Dome. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A stopped distributing the toys, claiming that unrelated safety concerns had arisen prior to the controversy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A "In response to the controversy, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee initiated a Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day movement to counter a boycott of Chick-fil-A launched by same-sex marriage activists. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A In February 2014, Chick-fil-A announced plans to serve chicken raised without antibiotics in its restaurants nationwide within five years. Chick-fil-A is the first quick service restaurant to set forth a plan and commit to serving only poultry raised without antibiotics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A She asserted that Chick-fil-A sandwiches contained nearly 100 ingredients, including peanut oil with TBHQ. In October 2012, Chick-fil-A invited Hari to meet with company executives at its Atlanta, GA, headquarters. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A In August 1996, Chick-fil-A opened its first location outside of North America by building a restaurant in Durban, South Africa. A second location was opened in Johannesburg in November 1997. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A Truett Cathy opened his first restaurant, The Dwarf Grill – later renamed the Dwarf House – in Hapeville, Georgia, in 1946, and developed the pressure-cooked chicken breast sandwich there. At the original Chick-fil-A Dwarf Grill, in addition to the full-size entrances, there is also an extra small-sized front door. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A The 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and the Louisiana State Tigers played in Atlanta, Georgia on December 31, 2008. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl Since the turn of the 21st century, Atlanta has emerged as a sophisticated restaurant town. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atlanta However, the BCS took two SEC schools in every season for the last nine years of its run, leaving the Chick-Fil-A with the sixth pick from the conference—usually one of the division runners-up. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peach Bowl Since 1997, it has been sponsored by Chick-fil-A and is officially known as the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. From 2006 to 2013, it was officially referred to as simply the Chick-fil-A Bowl. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peach Bowl On June 29, 1957, the town of Cocoa Beach incorporated into a city. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Many of the homes in Cocoa Beach are built on dredged mud and sand from the Banana River. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach's has a humid subtropical climate Köppen climate classification of Cfa. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach is run by a Commission-Manager government, agreed to by its citizens in 1958. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach is a retirement area, with an average age of 56.5. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach is home to the East Coast Surfing Hall of Fame. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida In 2007, Cocoa Beach's median labor force was 6,344. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa beach is safer than 2% cities of United States. The crime rate of Cocoa Beach is higher than Florida where chances of becoming a victim is 1 in 232 while in Cocoa Beach it is 1 in 190 people. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach, Florida The interior choices were the same as what was offered in 1996: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra The 1998 Cobra was available in five exterior colors, as shown in the table below. Chrome Yellow was added midyear on the 1998 Cobra.:41 The interior choices were the same as before: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Florida City is situated mostly atop a limestone ridge called the Miami Rock Ridge that extends south from present day North Miami Beach to a location in Everglades National Park. The ridge, consisting of Miami limestone, serves as the higher ground within the community. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Florida City, Florida Bumper pool is a pocket billiards game played on an octagonal or rectangular table fitted with an array of fixed cushioned obstacles, called bumpers, within the interior of the table surface. The surface of the table has the same cloth covering as a standard pool table. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bumper pool Ron Jon Surf Shop also houses the Cocoa Beach Surf Museum at the Cocoa Beach location. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Jon Surf Shop Another former store in Sawgrass Mills in Sunrise, Florida, closed in 2019. The corporation also includes one Ron Jon Surf School separately owned and run by Craig Carroll, located in Cocoa Beach, Florida. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Jon Surf Shop On May 1, 1917, the first, wooden, bridge opened between Cocoa, Florida, and Merritt Island, Florida, across the Indian River. Soon after this bridge was built, two ideas for a new bridge connecting Merritt Island and Cocoa Beach over the Banana River began circulating. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Merritt Island Causeway In 1894 the Florida East Coast Railway reached West Palm Beach; in 1896 it reached Biscayne Bay near Miami. Numerous other railroads were built all over the interior of the state. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Florida The first few episodes after the pilot (episodes two through eight) used a nonanimated, expository opening narrated by Paul Frees; the narration mentions that Nelson lived in "a mythical town" named Cocoa Beach in "a mythical state called Florida". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) I Dream of Jeannie Cocoa Beach Mayor Joe Morgan presented her an "I Dream of Jeannie Lane" street sign, later installed on a short street off Florida State Road A1A near Lori Wilson Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) I Dream of Jeannie The 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game played at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia, on December 31, 2010, with kickoff at 7:30 p.m. EST. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl Tax records obtained in 2011 showed that Chick-fil-A's operators, the WinShape Foundation, and the Cathy family spent millions of dollars to defeat same-sex marriage initiatives and to provide conversion therapy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dan Cathy Cathy had a Leadership Scholarship program for Chick-fil-A restaurant employees, which has awarded more than $23 million in $1,000 scholarships in the past 35 years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) S. Truett Cathy The WinShape Foundation, a charitable endeavor of Chick-fil-A founder S. Truett Cathy and his family, stated that it would not allow same-sex couples to participate in its marriage retreats. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A gave over $8 million to the WinShape Foundation in 2010. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A announced their expansion to Canada in the city of Toronto. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In response to the controversy, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee initiated a Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day movement to counter a boycott of Chick-fil-A launched by same-sex marriage activists. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people This followed reports that Chick-fil-A's charitable endeavor, the S. Truett Cathy-operated WinShape Foundation, had donated millions of dollars to organizations seen by LGBT activists as hostile to LGBT rights. Activists called for protests and boycotts, while supporters of the restaurant chain and opponents of same-sex marriage ate there in support of the restaurant. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Cocoa Beach was bred by Haras La Obra and owned by Godolphin Racing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach (horse) Cocoa Beach was named Horse of the Year in Chile. She was retired from racing in November 2009. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach (horse) High School (formerly Cocoa Beach High School) is a public junior/senior high school that is a part of the Brevard County Public School System with students in grades seven through twelfth located in Cocoa Beach, Florida. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cocoa Beach High School Alabama returned to the Chick-fil-A Kickoff for the 2009 game, defeating Virginia Tech to begin the 2009 season. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The dual-game idea was first mentioned in the Miami Herald in May 2010, when Gary Stokan, president of the Chick-Fil-A Bowl, told the newspaper that there was the possibility of having Alabama face Miami in a rematch of the 1993 Sugar Bowl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The dual-game idea was first mentioned in the Miami Herald in May 2010, when Gary Stokan, president of the Chick-Fil-A Bowl, told the newspaper that there was the possibility of having Alabama face Miami in a rematch of the 1993 Sugar Bowl. The 2013 edition was a rematch of the 2009 game. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game Chick-fil-A was originally founded as the Dwarf Grill in 1946, changing the name to Dwarf House until rebranding as Chick-fil-A in 1967. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A also is a key sponsor of the SEC and the ACC of college athletics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A These factors are seen as the reason for Chick-fil-A's growth and expansion in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In addition to countless shopping malls and airports, a Chick-fil-A location at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta is closed on Sundays despite the fact that its main tenant, the Atlanta Falcons, plays most of their home games on Sundays. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A She asserted that Chick-fil-A sandwiches contained nearly 100 ingredients, including peanut oil with TBHQ. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A opened its second Toronto location in Yorkdale Shopping Centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In June and July 2012, Chick-fil-A's chief operating officer Dan T. Cathy made several public statements about same-sex marriage, saying that those who "have the audacity to define what marriage is about" were "inviting God's judgment on our nation". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A "In April 2018, Chick-fil-A reportedly continued to donate to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, which opposes gay marriage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In 2017, Chick-fil-A demolished several Dwarf House locations to replace them with Truett's Grill locations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A The full list of menu items and nutrition information can be found on Chick-fil-A's website. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A ( chik-fil-AY, a play on the American English pronunciation of "filet") is one of the largest American fast food restaurant chains and the largest whose specialty is chicken sandwiches. Its headquarters is in College Park, Georgia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In 1961, after 15 years in the fast food business, Cathy found a pressure-fryer that could cook the chicken sandwich in the same amount of time it took to cook a fast-food hamburger. Following this discovery, he registered the name Chick-fil-A, Inc. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Several journalists have provided evidence that Cathy's repeated claim to have "invented the chicken sandwich," referenced in the slogan, is untrue. The first Chick-fil-A opened in 1967, in the food court of the Greenbriar Mall, in a suburb of Atlanta. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A Since 1997, the Atlanta-based company has been the title sponsor of the Peach Bowl, an annual college football bowl game played in Atlanta on New Year's Eve. Chick-fil-A also is a key sponsor of the SEC and the ACC of college athletics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In 2011, food blogger and activist Vani Hari wrote a post titled "Chick-fil-A or Chemical Fil-A?" on her website, FoodBabe.com. She asserted that Chick-fil-A sandwiches contained nearly 100 ingredients, including peanut oil with TBHQ. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A In October 2012, Chick-fil-A invited Hari to meet with company executives at its Atlanta, GA, headquarters. In December 2013, Chick-fil-A notified Hari that it had eliminated the dye Yellow No. 5 and had reduced the sodium content in its chicken soup. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A The company returned to the province of Alberta by opening an outlet at the Calgary International Airport in Calgary in May 2014. This restaurant closed in 2019.In July 2018, Chick-fil-A announced plans to expand within Canada by opening a new restaurant in Toronto, Ontario, in 2019. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game is an annual early-season college football game played at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia; before 2017, it was played at the Georgia Dome. It features two highly ranked teams, one of which has always been from the Southeastern Conference. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A During World War II, Cocoa Beach experienced money shortages for employees, and money to fix roads. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida Many people moved to Cocoa Beach due to jobs connected to the space program and in search of new opportunities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach High School was used as the school in the 2002 movie Race to Space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida The City Commission acts as the legislative branch of the city government, guided by the provisions of the Charter of the City of Cocoa Beach. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida The city owns and runs the Cocoa Beach Country Club, a golf course on the Banana River. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida From north to south, SR A1A enters Cocoa Beach from Cape Canaveral as Atlantic Avenue. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida The crime index for the Cocoa Beach is 2 in 100. Where 100 is safest and 0 is most unsafe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach, Florida The 1995 Cobra was available in the same three exterior paint colors from 1994, as shown in the table below. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Even the interior was supposed to be the same as in 1999. Only two color choices, dark charcoal, and medium parchment, were supposed to be offered again. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra The flagship store in Cocoa Beach is open daily and has over 52,000 square feet of retail space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Jon Surf Shop The corporation also includes one Ron Jon Surf School separately owned and run by Craig Carroll, located in Cocoa Beach, Florida. The company made plans to construct a Surf Park at the location of the Orlando Ron Jon store, but it has since been canceled, due in part that the schematics for the pool were installed backwards. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Jon Surf Shop South Cocoa Beach is located at 28.282°N 80.608°W / 28.282; -80.608. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) South Cocoa Beach, Florida Soon after this bridge was built, two ideas for a new bridge connecting Merritt Island and Cocoa Beach over the Banana River began circulating. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Merritt Island Causeway Cross from Horti Point east to Cocoa Beach. On September 27, 1919, the first route was approved. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Merritt Island Causeway Miramar Beach is a census-designated place (CDP) in Walton County, Florida, United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Miramar Beach, Florida Miramar Beach is due east of the city of Destin, Florida. It is often considered to be part of the greater Destin, Florida area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Miramar Beach, Florida It was modeled after Burrito Brothers, a Mexican restaurant in Gainesville, Florida and funded with $20,000 in borrowed money from Wheeler's family. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tijuana Flats The previous meeting was a 10–7 victory for LSU in the 1996 Chick-fil-A bowl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl This was Clemson's eighth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2007 game against Auburn, where they lost the game, 20–23. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game held on December 31, 2012, at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 45th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2012 Chick-fil-A bowl also marked LSU's first loss to an ACC team since 1955. Hopkins also set Chick-Fil-A/Peach Bowl records for receptions and receiving yards (13 receptions, 191 yards). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl On the east coast of the state, mangroves have normally dominated the coast from Cocoa Beach southward; salt marshes from St. Augustine northward. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Florida From St. Augustine south to Cocoa Beach, the coast fluctuates between the two, depending on the annual weather conditions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Florida Many of the smallest coral islands in the Florida Keys are known to have abundant coconut palms sprouting from coconuts deposited by ocean currents. Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and the Tampa Bay Area on the West Coast. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Florida Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and the Tampa Bay Area on the West Coast. On the east coast of the state, mangroves have normally dominated the coast from Cocoa Beach southward; salt marshes from St. Augustine northward. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Florida The cast and crew only made two visits to Florida's Space Coast, both in 1969. On June 27, a parade in Cocoa Beach escorted Eden and the rest of the cast to Cocoa Beach City Hall, where she was greeted by fans and city officials. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) I Dream of Jeannie On December 2, 2007, Chick-fil-A Bowl representatives selected Clemson to represent the ACC in the 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The preview show, "The 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Preview Show, presented by Russell Athletic" aired on ESPN2, ESPNU, and ESPN Classic, and was produced by Seals Communications Corporation in Atlanta. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl was college football bowl game between the Clemson Tigers and the Auburn Tigers played in Atlanta, Georgia on December 31, 2007. With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 40th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl In 1970, Ramon's closed its restaurant at the Glass Bank, and then that same year Marby's Rainbow Room opened. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cocoa Beach Glass Bank With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 43rd edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. The game featured the No. 23 Florida State Seminoles versus the No. 19 South Carolina Gamecocks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl Samuel Truett Cathy (March 14, 1921 – September 8, 2014) was an American businessman, investor, author, and philanthropist. He founded the fast food restaurant chain Chick-fil-A in 1946. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) S. Truett Cathy Cathy had a Leadership Scholarship program for Chick-fil-A restaurant employees, which has awarded more than $23 million in $1,000 scholarships in the past 35 years. In 1984, Cathy established the WinShape Foundation, named for its mission to shape winners. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) S. Truett Cathy The outcome of the initial controversy was mixed, as Chick-fil-A's sales rose twelve percent to $4.6 billion in the period immediately following the controversy; this was largely attributed to former Governor of Arkansas Mike Huckabee's counter-boycott launched in support of the restaurant. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A officials did state in an internal document that they "will treat every person equally, regardless of sexual orientation". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people " The statement provided by Chick-fil-A was posted on Huckabee's website but the company did not respond to requests for comment. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The company created a new foundation, the Chick-fil-A Foundation, to fund outside groups. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people She said that comment was made because the company was operated by "someone who dislikes 'my lifestyle' as Chick-fil-A CEO Dan Cathy would probably refer to my lesbianism". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A's sales soared 12 percent, to $4.6 billion, in 2012. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The WinShape Foundation, a charitable endeavor of Chick-fil-A founder S. Truett Cathy and his family, stated that it would not allow same-sex couples to participate in its marriage retreats. Chick-fil-A gave over $8 million to the WinShape Foundation in 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people A document released by Chick-fil-A on September 20, 2012 did not mention any organizations opposed to same-sex marriage as being part of Chick-fil-A's donation base. WinShape Marriage will continue to be supported financially, with a stated focus on couple retreats to strengthen marriages. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people I hope it fails". She said that comment was made because the company was operated by "someone who dislikes 'my lifestyle' as Chick-fil-A CEO Dan Cathy would probably refer to my lesbianism". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game is an annual series of college football games played on the opening weekend of the NCAA Division I FBS season in Atlanta, Georgia. Organized by the Peach Bowl, the event coincides with Labor Day weekend in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game Chick-fil-A's business strategy involves a focus on a small menu and on good customer service. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A In addition, an emphasis on customer service has allowed Chick-fil-A to consistently lead the fast food industry in customer satisfaction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A "Chick-fil-A grossed an average of $4.8 million per restaurant in 2016, despite opening only 6 days a week. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A In February 2014, Chick-fil-A announced plans to serve chicken raised without antibiotics in its restaurants nationwide within five years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A In February 2019 Chick-fil-A opened a store on a 12-month pilot scheme in Aviemore, Scotland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A The incident drew criticism from Vermont governor Peter Shumlin, and created backlash against what he termed Chick-fil-A's "corporate bullying. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A After 22 years with The Richards Group, Chick-fil-A switched to McCann New York in 2016. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Classic is a high school basketball tournament held in Columbia, South Carolina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A Its headquarters is in College Park, Georgia. Chick-fil-A was originally founded as the Dwarf Grill in 1946, changing the name to Dwarf House until rebranding as Chick-fil-A in 1967. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A The first Chick-fil-A opened in 1967, in the food court of the Greenbriar Mall, in a suburb of Atlanta. Since 1997, the Atlanta-based company has been the title sponsor of the Peach Bowl, an annual college football bowl game played in Atlanta on New Year's Eve. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A In 2008, Chick-fil-A became the first fast-food restaurant to become completely trans-fat free. In October 2015, the company opened a three-story 5,000 square feet (460 m2) restaurant in Manhattan that became the largest free-standing Chick-fil-A in the country at that time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A Each operator is handpicked and goes through a rigorous training program; the interviews plus training can take months and is not an easy process. Chick-fil-A states on their site: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A The location is open when the Falcons have a Monday night, Thursday night or Saturday home game, as well as non-Sunday home games of Atlanta United FC and other events at the stadium. The Chick-fil-A remained closed for Super Bowl LIII. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A In June and July 2012, Chick-fil-A's chief operating officer Dan T. Cathy made several public statements about same-sex marriage, saying that those who "have the audacity to define what marriage is about" were "inviting God's judgment on our nation". Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 41st edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl Prior to 2006, the Chick-fil-A Bowl (then known as the Peach Bowl) matched the No. 5 team in the SEC versus the No. 3 team in the ACC. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl On December 3, 2008, Chick-fil-A Bowl representatives selected Georgia Tech to represent the ACC in the 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and the Louisiana State Tigers played in Atlanta, Georgia on December 31, 2008. With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 41st edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl At the same time, the white population of Atlanta has increased. Between 2000 and 2010, the proportion of whites in the city had notable growth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta From 2006 until 2013, Chick-fil-A's contract gave it full naming rights and the game was referred to as the Chick-fil-A Bowl as a result. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peach Bowl In 2007, the Chick-fil-A Bowl became the best-attended non-BCS bowl for the previous decade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peach Bowl Also from 2006, the bowl got the fifth overall selection from the SEC (including the BCS). However, the BCS took two SEC schools in every season for the last nine years of its run, leaving the Chick-Fil-A with the sixth pick from the conference—usually one of the division runners-up. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peach Bowl After the city failed to lure the Kansas City A's to Atlanta (the A's ultimately moved to Oakland in 1968), the Braves announced their intention to move to Atlanta for the 1965 season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Braves Paired with the all-navy "A" cap (previously the navy and red "A" cap until 2008), the uniforms are identical to the white home uniforms save for the "Atlanta" script in front. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Braves The "tomahawk A" cap was also retired. In 2019, the Braves reverted to a variation of the original red alternate uniform minus the white piping. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Braves Cocoa Beach's first official meeting was held at the Cocoa Beach Casino on July 27, 1925, and adopted the City Seal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida On May 1, 1942, the German submarine U-109 torpedoed the La Paz off the shore of Cocoa Beach. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida In 1965, Cocoa Beach High School requested that Cocoa Avenue, the street that the school was located on, be renamed Minutemen Boulevard, in honor of the school's mascot, the Minuteman. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida The primary language spoken in Cocoa Beach is English, but 9.8% of the people speak languages other than English at home. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach High SchoolFreedom 7 Elementary school and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High School both are certified International Baccalaureate schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida Freedom 7 Elementary has a primary years program, and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High has both a middle years program and a diploma program. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida Public transportation in Cocoa Beach, Cape Canaveral, and surrounding Brevard County is provided by Space Coast Area Transit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida Dredged material is placed on one of the Thousand Islands, but is now controlled. Many of the homes in Cocoa Beach are built on dredged mud and sand from the Banana River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach is run by a Commission-Manager government, agreed to by its citizens in 1958. The City Commission acts as the legislative branch of the city government, guided by the provisions of the Charter of the City of Cocoa Beach. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida The Cocoa Beach Pier, formerly known as the Cape Canaveral Pier, was built in 1962. An annual Easter Surfing Festival began in 1964. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach, Florida In 1957, Atlanta was the country's ninth-busiest airline airport by flight count and about the same by passenger count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Chrome Yellow was added midyear on the 1998 Cobra.:41 The interior choices were the same as before: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Aside from paint colors, the standard 2000 SVT Cobra was pretty much a carryover of the 1999 model. Even the interior was supposed to be the same as in 1999. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Other than some areas of coastal Miami (Miami Beach), the Florida Keys are the only areas in the continental United States to never report freezing temperatures since settlement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florida Keys The surface of the table has the same cloth covering as a standard pool table. Unlike most types of billiards tables, there are only two pockets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bumper pool In addition to the Ship Bottom and Cocoa Beach stores, Ron Jon also operates stores in Orange Beach, Alabama; Orlando; Key West, Fort Myers, Panama City Beach and Clearwater Beach, Florida; Myrtle Beach, South Carolina; and Ocean City, Maryland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Jon Surf Shop It highlights surfing history and culture from Cocoa Beach, nationally and internationally, and from differing perspectives, including exhibits that feature the history and lore that defines Cocoa Beach as one of the premier surf towns in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Jon Surf Shop Ron Jon Surf Shop is a surfer-style retail store chain founded in 1959 in Ship Bottom, New Jersey by Ron DiMenna. The store specializes in surfing and bodyboarding equipment, and their Cocoa Beach, Florida, store is currently the largest surfing shop in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Jon Surf Shop In addition to the Ship Bottom and Cocoa Beach stores, Ron Jon also operates stores in Orange Beach, Alabama; Orlando; Key West, Fort Myers, Panama City Beach and Clearwater Beach, Florida; Myrtle Beach, South Carolina; and Ocean City, Maryland. There is also a store on Grand Turk. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Jon Surf Shop Rock has been credited with changing attitudes to race by opening up African-American culture to white audiences; but at the same time, rock has been accused of appropriating and exploiting that culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rock music A wallpaper table (or paste or pasting table) is a long, light folding table used by interior decorators. The decorator lays out a strip of wallpaper flat on the table to apply paste so that the wallpaper can then be fixed onto the wall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Folding table On May 1, 1917, the first, wooden, bridge opened between Cocoa, Florida, and Merritt Island, Florida, across the Indian River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Merritt Island Causeway At nearly the same time there were proposals for additional bridges in the area. Cocoa Avenue (now Minuteman Causeway) was proposed to cross to Merritt Island over the Minuteman Causeway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Merritt Island Causeway 12% of Miramar Beach residents were born in Florida, 79% were born out of state, 3% were born outside of the United States and 7% were foreign born. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miramar Beach, Florida Miramar Beach is a census-designated place (CDP) in Walton County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,146 at the 2010 census. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miramar Beach, Florida Miramar Beach, Florida is located on the Gulf of Mexico. It is a beach resort area with a large number of condos and apartments for rent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miramar Beach, Florida There are a number of retirees living in the area and the median age in Miramar Beach is 56. The Florida average is 41. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miramar Beach, Florida The Florida average is 41. In Miramar Beach, 68% of the population over 15 are married, 92% speak English and 3% speak Spanish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miramar Beach, Florida The restaurant was founded in Winter Park, Florida, in 1995 by University of Central Florida graduate Brian Wheeler with US$20,000 in loans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tijuana Flats With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 45th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl marked the third meeting between Clemson and LSU, with LSU holding a 2–0 advantage coming into the game. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl This was LSU's sixth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2008 game against Georgia Tech, where they won the game 38–3. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2012 Chick-fil-A bowl also marked LSU's first loss to an ACC team since 1955. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl This was Clemson's eighth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2007 game against Auburn, where they lost the game, 20–23. Clemson held a 2–5 record in the bowl game coming into the game. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Hopkins also set Chick-Fil-A/Peach Bowl records for receptions and receiving yards (13 receptions, 191 yards). Clemson also set Bowl records for most total first downs by one team (32), offensive plays by one team (100), and held LSU to a Bowl record low for offensive plays by a team (48). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Florida declared its secession from the Union on January 10, 1861, and was one of the seven original Confederate States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florida In 1894 the Florida East Coast Railway reached West Palm Beach; in 1896 it reached Biscayne Bay near Miami. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florida Their ruling affirmed the map previously approved by Leon County Judge Terry Lewis, who had overseen the original trial. It particularly makes changes in South Florida. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florida "If you look at some of those old [episodes], it's supposed to be shot in Cocoa Beach, but in the background you have mountains — the Hollywood Hills," Bill Daily said. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) I Dream of Jeannie On June 27, a parade in Cocoa Beach escorted Eden and the rest of the cast to Cocoa Beach City Hall, where she was greeted by fans and city officials. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) I Dream of Jeannie On August 24, 2012, Cocoa Beach City leaders honored the show with a roadside plaque outside Lori Wilson Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) I Dream of Jeannie Cocoa Beach Mayor Joe Morgan presented her an "I Dream of Jeannie Lane" street sign, later installed on a short street off Florida State Road A1A near Lori Wilson Park. On September 15, 2005, the area held a "We Dream of Jeannie" festival, including a Jeannie lookalike contest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) I Dream of Jeannie With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 40th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The committee would have approximately one month to select the two teams that would attract the most people to the game and generate the largest possible television audience. Supervising the selection committee was the Chick-fil-A Bowl Executive Committee, which consisted of representatives from various Atlanta businesses and the Chick-fil-A corporation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The Cocoa Beach Glass Bank, officially known as The First Federal Savings & Loan Association of Cocoa – Cocoa Beach Branch, was a five-story glass building in Cocoa Beach, Florida. It officially opened in April 1962, and fell into disrepair in the late 1970s after the end of the space race. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach Glass Bank With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 43rd edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl The SEC Eastern Division Champion South Carolina Gamecocks appeared in the Chick-fil-A Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl They also made their first appearance in the Chick-fil-A Bowl, although they do have one Peach Bowl appearance: a 14–3 loss to West Virginia in 1969. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl was a college football bowl game played at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia, on December 31, 2010, with kickoff at 7:30 p.m. EST. With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 43rd edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl The strength of the Seminoles this season has been their defense, which ranks No. 2 in the nation in sacks and No. 17 in tackles for loss. Florida State's appearance in the Chick-fil-A Bowl marks a continuance of their streak of active consecutive bowl games to twenty nine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl He is chairman, president, and CEO of fast-food chain Chick-fil-A, which was founded and expanded by his father, S. Truett Cathy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dan Cathy He began doing radio commercials for his father's original Dwarf House restaurant in Hapeville, Georgia in the late 1960s, while he was attending local schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dan Cathy By that time, his father was establishing additional restaurants around Atlanta and Georgia as he created the franchise chain known as Chick-fil-A. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dan Cathy Cathy said in July 2012 that he opposes same-sex marriage and supports conservative Christian causes. Tax records obtained in 2011 showed that Chick-fil-A's operators, the WinShape Foundation, and the Cathy family spent millions of dollars to defeat same-sex marriage initiatives and to provide conversion therapy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dan Cathy For example, both Cornell University and the University of Florida offer interior design graduate programs in environment and behavior studies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Interior design In November 2013, he retired as both chairman and CEO of Chick-fil-A, leaving his son, Dan Cathy, to assume the roles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) S. Truett Cathy Cathy was closely involved with the sponsorship of the college football bowl game now known as the Chick-fil-A Bowl, but from 1997–2005 known as the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl, and prior to that simply as the Peach Bowl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) S. Truett Cathy The plant, located near Cathy's original Dwarf Grill (now Dwarf House), opened one year after the restaurant opened, and Truett regularly served during all three shifts at the plant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) S. Truett Cathy Activists called for protests and boycotts, while supporters of the restaurant chain and opponents of same-sex marriage ate there in support of the restaurant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In 2017, tax filings showed that the groups supported by Chick-fil-A expanded to include The Salvation Army, which has been seen as counter to LGBTQ rights. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In November 2019, Chick-fil-A announced that it would not make contributions in 2020 to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes and The Salvation Army. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Responding on its official company Facebook page, Chick-fil-A said that support of the PFI retreat had come from a local franchisee, stating "We have determined that one of our independent restaurant operators in Pennsylvania was asked to provide sandwiches to two Art of Marriage video seminars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "Tax filings for 2012 showed that Chick-fil-A created a new foundation, the Chick-fil-A Foundation, to provide grants to outside groups. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "Former Arkansas Governor and FOX News commentator Mike Huckabee claimed on September 21, 2012 that he had "talked earlier today personally with Dan Cathy, CEO of Chick-fil-A about the new reports that Chick-fil-A had capitulated to demands of the supporters of same sex marriage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In 2017, Chick-fil-A is warning all its franchisees against speaking out publicly or getting involved in anything that could blur the line between their private beliefs and their public roles as extensions of the Chick-fil-A brand, the company has said. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people " Moreno received backing from Chicago's Mayor, Rahm Emanuel: "Chick-fil-A values are not Chicago values", Emanuel said in a statement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Not in America, anyway ... what makes this whole situation so weird is that Chick-fil-A President Dan Cathy has always opposed gay marriage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people [Chick-fil-A] to campus", and "Student concerns reflected CFA's history of donating to anti-gay organizations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A released a statement in July 2012 stating, "Going forward, our intent is to leave the policy debate over same-sex marriage to the government and political arena. " In March 2014, tax filings for 2012 showed the group stopped funding all but one organization which had been previously criticized, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people This change in policy was not confirmed by Chick-fil-A officials. Chick-fil-A officials did state in an internal document that they "will treat every person equally, regardless of sexual orientation". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "Former Arkansas Governor and FOX News commentator Mike Huckabee claimed on September 21, 2012 that he had "talked earlier today personally with Dan Cathy, CEO of Chick-fil-A about the new reports that Chick-fil-A had capitulated to demands of the supporters of same sex marriage. This is not true. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The restaurant chain was finalizing a contract to bring it to NU when students protested. Davidson College in North Carolina announced on August 13, 2012 that, in response to a petition which received 500 signatures, the school would stop serving Chick-fil-A on campus at the monthly "After Midnight" events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people At that time, the company confirmed its plan to open 14 others in the Greater Toronto Area over the subsequent five years. On November 18, 2019, it was reported that Chick-fil-A will stop donating to the Salvation Army and Fellowship of Christian Athletes, two Christian organizations that oppose same-sex marriage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Citing safety concerns, Chick-fil-A stopped distributing the toys. A spokeswoman stated the decision had been made on July 19 and was unrelated to the controversy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In response to the controversy, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee initiated a Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day movement to counter a boycott of Chick-fil-A launched by same-sex marriage activists. More than 600,000 people RSVPed on Facebook for Huckabee's appreciation event. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On August 1, 2012, Chick-fil-A restaurants experienced a large show of public support across the nation with the company reporting record-breaking sales. A consulting firm projected that the average Chick-fil-A restaurant increased sales by 29.9 percent and had 367 more customers than a typical Wednesday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people 1973 U.S. High Schools Team Championships in Chicago, Ill, Cocoa Beach placed 17th out of over 60 teams. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach High School High School (formerly Cocoa Beach High School) is a public junior/senior high school that is a part of the Brevard County Public School System with students in grades seven through twelfth located in Cocoa Beach, Florida. Founded in 1964 it is one of two high schools in Brevard county to offer the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cocoa Beach High School The first game, known that year as the Chick-fil-A College Kickoff, was played on August 30, 2008, the opening Saturday of the 2008 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The 2011 edition was the first Chick-fil-A Kickoff to feature a team that was not a member of the ACC or SEC, the two conferences with tie-ins to the Peach Bowl. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The 2015 Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, which moved to CBS that season, returned to a single game with the ACC's Louisville Cardinals taking on the SEC's Auburn Tigers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The 2016 Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, which moved back to ESPN, featured North Carolina and Georgia, both making their second appearances in the kickoff series. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The first game, known that year as the Chick-fil-A College Kickoff, was played on August 30, 2008, the opening Saturday of the 2008 season. Alabama defeated Clemson 34–10. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The 2015 Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, which moved to CBS that season, returned to a single game with the ACC's Louisville Cardinals taking on the SEC's Auburn Tigers. Auburn defeated Louisville, 31–24. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The restaurant is located in Hapeville, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta, and is near the location of the now-demolished Ford Motor Company Atlanta Assembly Plant, for many years a source of many of the restaurant's patrons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A The company's trademarked slogan, "We Didn't Invent the Chicken, Just the Chicken Sandwich," refers to their flagship menu item, the Chick-fil-A chicken sandwich. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A On December 17, 2017, Chick-fil-A broke their tradition and opened on a Sunday to prepare meals for passengers left stranded during the power outage at Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport, and on January 13, 2019, a Chick-fil-A franchise in Mobile, Alabama opened on Sunday to honor a birthday wish of a 14-year-old boy with cerebral palsy and autism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A While other fast food chains often expand their menu offerings to attempt to attract new customers, Chick-fil-A's business model is to remain focused on chicken sandwiches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A In December 2013, Chick-fil-A notified Hari that it had eliminated the dye Yellow No. 5 and had reduced the sodium content in its chicken soup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A In September 1994, Chick-fil-A opened its first location outside of the United States inside a student center food court at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A announced that it would open two other locations in Toronto during 2019, and 12 additional stores in the Greater Toronto Area over the subsequent five years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A On October 10, 2019, Chick-fil-A returned to Europe, with the opening of a store at The Oracle shopping centre in Reading, UK. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A In a November 18, 2019 interview, Chick-fil-A president Tim Tassopoulos said the company would stop donating to The Salvation Army and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Truett's original, full-service restaurants offer a substantial menu and provide customers a choice of table service, walk-up counter service or a drive-thru window. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Similar to the Chick-fil-A Dwarf Houses, these independently owned restaurants offer traditional, sit-down dining and expanded menu selections in a diner-themed dinner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A The name capital A is meant to indicate that their chicken is "grade A top quality". In addition, an emphasis on customer service has allowed Chick-fil-A to consistently lead the fast food industry in customer satisfaction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A In addition, an emphasis on customer service has allowed Chick-fil-A to consistently lead the fast food industry in customer satisfaction. These factors are seen as the reason for Chick-fil-A's growth and expansion in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A franchisees need only a $10,000 initial investment to become an operator. Each operator is handpicked and goes through a rigorous training program; the interviews plus training can take months and is not an easy process. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Are seeking multi-unit franchise opportunities. "Chick-fil-A grossed an average of $4.8 million per restaurant in 2016, despite opening only 6 days a week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A "Chick-fil-A grossed an average of $4.8 million per restaurant in 2016, despite opening only 6 days a week. (Whataburger was second with $2.7 million per restaurant). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A "Chick-fil-A's Sunday closures extend to non-traditional locations. In addition to countless shopping malls and airports, a Chick-fil-A location at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta is closed on Sundays despite the fact that its main tenant, the Atlanta Falcons, plays most of their home games on Sundays. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A remained closed for Super Bowl LIII. On Sundays, the digital signs are flipped and concessionaire Levy Restaurants sells nonbranded food and drinks at the location. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A This restaurant closed in 2019.In July 2018, Chick-fil-A announced plans to expand within Canada by opening a new restaurant in Toronto, Ontario, in 2019. That location opened on September 6, 2019 in the Yonge and Bloor Street area with protesters criticizing the violation of animal rights and the company's "history of supporting anti-LGBTQ causes". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A The cows replaced the chain's old mascot, Doodles, an anthropomorphized chicken who still appears as the C on the logo. Chick-fil-A vigorously protects its intellectual property, sending cease and desist letters to those they think have infringed on their trademarks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A The Chick-fil-A Classic is a high school basketball tournament held in Columbia, South Carolina. The tournament is in its eighth year of operation and features nationally ranked players, and teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A At the original Chick-fil-A Dwarf Grill, in addition to the full-size entrances, there is also an extra small-sized front door. The original Dwarf House in Hapeville, Georgia is open 24 hours a day, six days a week, except on Sundays, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A These items should be available at every franchise location with some locations offering the full menu or close to the full menu. The full list of menu items and nutrition information can be found on Chick-fil-A's website. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A Beginning with the 2006 game, the Chick-fil-A Bowl had purchased the right to select the highest-ranked Atlantic Coast Conference team after representatives from the Bowl Championship Series made their selection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The Chick-fil-A bowl sold all available tickets to the game, making it the 12th consecutive sellout in the combined history of the Peach and Chick-fil-A Bowls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl During the countercultural 1960s, Atlanta hosted the Atlanta International Pop Festival, with the 1969 festival taking place more than a month before Woodstock and featuring many of the same bands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Corporate operations play a major role in Atlanta's economy, as the city claims the nation's third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies. It also hosts the global headquarters of corporations like The Coca-Cola Company, The Home Depot, Delta Air Lines, AT&T Mobility, Chick-fil-A, and UPS. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Other annual college football events include the Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, the Celebration Bowl, the MEAC/SWAC Challenge, and the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl which is one of College Football's major New Year's Six Bowl games and a college football playoff bowl. Atlanta additionally hosted the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Fallon then decided to launch a campaign to persuade the original cast of Saved by the Bell to appear in a reunion special on his show. Dennis Haskins, who portrayed Mr. Belding, was the first to agree to take part in the reunion, and appeared on the show the same night Fallon launched the campaign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches The color switch coincided with the arrival of the NHL's Atlanta Flames, who wore the same colors and shared the same owner as the Hawks; the now-Calgary Flames even added black a few years after the Hawks made the same tweak. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Hawks Bill Veeck had tried to return his St. Louis Browns there earlier the same year (Milwaukee was the original home of that franchise), but his proposal had been voted down by the other American League owners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Braves However, on September 18, the New York Mets' win over the Florida Marlins mathematically eliminated the Braves from winning the NL East, ending the Atlanta Braves' 11-year reign over the NL East. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Braves After the city failed to lure the Kansas City A's to Atlanta (the A's ultimately moved to Oakland in 1968), the Braves announced their intention to move to Atlanta for the 1965 season. However, an injunction filed in Wisconsin kept the Braves in Milwaukee for one final year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Braves The gray road uniforms are the primary road uniform. Paired with the all-navy "A" cap (previously the navy and red "A" cap until 2008), the uniforms are identical to the white home uniforms save for the "Atlanta" script in front. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Braves The average high temperature in the warmest month (July) in Cocoa Beach is 91 °F (33 °C) and the average high in the coolest month (January) is 72 °F (22 °C). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida The Town of Cocoa Beach was established on June 5, 1925. Cocoa Beach's first official meeting was held at the Cocoa Beach Casino on July 27, 1925, and adopted the City Seal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida Establishing regular garbage collection was discussed when the town discovered that the Air Station was having theirs collected. On May 1, 1942, the German submarine U-109 torpedoed the La Paz off the shore of Cocoa Beach. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida On May 1, 1942, the German submarine U-109 torpedoed the La Paz off the shore of Cocoa Beach. The crew was able to beach it with the help of tugs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida The city proposed selling the town dump to the school board for a junior high school, in order to keep students from being bused to Merritt Island. On June 29, 1957, the town of Cocoa Beach incorporated into a city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida It sold its water system to Cocoa, Florida and contracted with them to furnish water. In September 1959, the city voted to add more sidewalks, improve the streets in residential areas as well as the main streets, and to pave more roads. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach started its major growth during the 1960s. There was a 1000% population increase from 1950 to 1960, mainly as a result of the U.S. space program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida The City Commission acts as the legislative branch of the city government, guided by the provisions of the Charter of the City of Cocoa Beach. The City Commission enacts ordinances and resolutions that the City Manager administers as the appointed executive officer of the city government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida The City Commission enacts ordinances and resolutions that the City Manager administers as the appointed executive officer of the city government. The city owns and runs the Cocoa Beach Country Club, a golf course on the Banana River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida The city owns and runs the Cocoa Beach Country Club, a golf course on the Banana River. In 2007, the city had a taxable real estate base of $2.09 billion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida Ron Jon's, a surf shop, receives 2 million visitors a year. Cocoa Beach is home to the East Coast Surfing Hall of Fame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida In 2007, Cocoa Beach's median labor force was 6,344. Of that group, 6,006 were employed and 338 were unemployed, for an unemployment rate of 5.3%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida SR A1A – This is the main road through the city. From north to south, SR A1A enters Cocoa Beach from Cape Canaveral as Atlantic Avenue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach, Florida Eastern was a larger airline than Delta until deregulation in 1978, but Delta was early to adopt the hub-and-spoke route system, with Atlanta as a hub between the Midwest and Florida, giving it an advantage in the Atlanta market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport The 1995 Cobra was available in the same three exterior paint colors from 1994, as shown in the table below. Interior color choices were the same as in 1994: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra The 1996 Cobra was available in four exterior paint colors, as shown in the table below. Interior color choices were the same as before: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra The 2000 Cobra R was only available in one exterior paint color, as shown in the table below. The sole interior color choice was dark charcoal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Bumper pool is a pocket billiards game played on an octagonal or rectangular table fitted with an array of fixed cushioned obstacles, called bumpers, within the interior of the table surface. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bumper pool Ron Jon surf shop has 12 stores nationwide. In addition to the Ship Bottom and Cocoa Beach stores, Ron Jon also operates stores in Orange Beach, Alabama; Orlando; Key West, Fort Myers, Panama City Beach and Clearwater Beach, Florida; Myrtle Beach, South Carolina; and Ocean City, Maryland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Jon Surf Shop Ron Jon Surf Shop also houses the Cocoa Beach Surf Museum at the Cocoa Beach location. This museum contains exhibits highlighting surfing in the East Coast of the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Jon Surf Shop South Cocoa Beach is an unincorporated community between Cocoa Beach and Patrick Space Force Base, in Brevard County, Florida, USA. Subdivisions include Crescent Beach and Orlando Beach, the latter at the intersection of 35th Street and State Road A1A. South Cocoa Beach is located between the causeways of State Road 520 and State Road 404 and in the zip code of 32931. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Cocoa Beach, Florida The present day Minuteman Causeway Boulevard in Cocoa Beach, and Old Causeway Road in Angel City are the remaining ends of the Merritt Island Causeway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Merritt Island Causeway In the 1960s, SR A1A was routed over the eastern causeway from present day SR 520 and SR A1A, to the present day intersection of SR 520 and SR 3 on Merritt Island. The eastern section is known as the Cocoa Beach Causeway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Merritt Island Causeway Although many other localities in Florida have appended "Beach" to their names to distinguish themselves from an adjacent inland or cross-bay municipality – such as Miami Beach, St. Pete Beach, Panama City Beach, Melbourne Beach, Cocoa Beach, and Jacksonville Beach – the city of Miramar, Florida is actually over 450 miles (720 km) away in South Florida. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Miramar Beach, Florida Tijuana Flats was started in Winter Park, Florida. It was modeled after Burrito Brothers, a Mexican restaurant in Gainesville, Florida and funded with $20,000 in borrowed money from Wheeler's family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tijuana Flats It was modeled after Burrito Brothers, a Mexican restaurant in Gainesville, Florida and funded with $20,000 in borrowed money from Wheeler's family. Students from Wheeler's former college made up some of the restaurant's early customers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tijuana Flats This was not the first time the two Tigers have met in the Chick-fil-A Bowl; the 1996 game also pitted them against each other, with LSU topping Clemson by a score of 10–7. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 45th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. The game began at 7:30 p.m. EST and aired on ESPN. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl The 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl marked the third meeting between Clemson and LSU, with LSU holding a 2–0 advantage coming into the game. The previous meeting was a 10–7 victory for LSU in the 1996 Chick-fil-A bowl. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Clemson was less impressive on the defense, however, allowing more than 27 points in half of its games. This was Clemson's eighth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2007 game against Auburn, where they lost the game, 20–23. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Leading LSU's defense was led by linebacker Kevin Minter, who led LSU's defense with 111 tackles. This was LSU's sixth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2008 game against Georgia Tech, where they won the game 38–3. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl This was LSU's sixth Chick-fil-A Bowl; they had previously appeared in the 2008 game against Georgia Tech, where they won the game 38–3. LSU held a 5–0 record in the bowl game coming into the game. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl In 1925, the Seaboard Air Line broke the FEC's southeast Florida monopoly and extended its freight and passenger service to West Palm Beach; two years later it extended passenger service to Miami. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida Hundreds of thousands of Puerto Ricans arrived in Florida after Maria dissipated, with nearly half of them arriving in Orlando and large populations also moving to Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida The fast-growing I-4 corridor area, which runs through Central Florida and connects the cities of Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida NASCAR (headquartered in Daytona Beach) begins all three of its major auto racing series in Florida at Daytona International Speedway in February, featuring the Daytona 500, and ends all three Series in November at Homestead-Miami Speedway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida Florida declared its secession from the Union on January 10, 1861, and was one of the seven original Confederate States. After the Civil War, Florida was restored to the Union on June 25, 1868. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida On the east coast of the state, mangroves have normally dominated the coast from Cocoa Beach southward; salt marshes from St. Augustine northward. From St. Augustine south to Cocoa Beach, the coast fluctuates between the two, depending on the annual weather conditions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida From St. Augustine south to Cocoa Beach, the coast fluctuates between the two, depending on the annual weather conditions. All three mangrove species flower in the spring and early summer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida In the 1980 United States census, the largest ancestry group reported in Florida was English with 2,232,514 Floridians claiming they were of English or mostly English American ancestry. Some of their ancestry went back to the original thirteen colonies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida Florida is a major golf hub. The PGA of America is headquartered in Palm Beach Gardens, the PGA Tour is headquartered in Ponte Vedra Beach, and the LPGA is headquartered in Daytona Beach. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florida Two days after the selections were announced, the game was declared sold out, the 11th consecutive sellout in the combined history of the Peach and Chick-fil-A Bowls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl On December 2, 2007, Chick-fil-A Bowl representatives selected Clemson to represent the ACC in the 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl. A few hours later, Auburn was selected as the second half of the matchup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Following the game, ESPN broadcast a New Year's Eve special, New Year No Limits, which featured action sports athletes in record setting attempts. The preview show, "The 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Preview Show, presented by Russell Athletic" aired on ESPN2, ESPNU, and ESPN Classic, and was produced by Seals Communications Corporation in Atlanta. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The preview show, "The 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Preview Show, presented by Russell Athletic" aired on ESPN2, ESPNU, and ESPN Classic, and was produced by Seals Communications Corporation in Atlanta. It was hosted by Lee Corso and Erin Andrews, along with reporters David Hamilton and Nikky Williams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl In 1970, Ramon's closed its restaurant at the Glass Bank, and then that same year Marby's Rainbow Room opened. But it was proven unpopular that Marby's left the top floor in 1972, and no new tenants took over the top floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cocoa Beach Glass Bank Although FSU has never appeared in the Chick-fil-A Bowl under its current name, it has appeared in two games when it was known as the Peach Bowl, losing the inaugural game in 1968 and winning it in 1983. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl N/A or sometimes n/a is a common abbreviation in tables and lists for the phrase not applicable, not available or no answer. It is used to indicate when information in a certain table cell is not provided, either because it does not apply to a particular case in question or because the answer is not available. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) N/A The Chick-fil-A culture and service tradition in our restaurants is to treat every person with honor, dignity and respect and to serve great food with genuine hospitality." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dan Cathy Modern art does not refer to the era or age of design and is not the same as contemporary design, a term used by interior designers for a shifting group of recent styles and trends. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Interior design Some university programs offer graduate studies in theses and other areas. For example, both Cornell University and the University of Florida offer interior design graduate programs in environment and behavior studies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Interior design If a router receives information from two different neighbouring router that the same network is reachable with the same hop count but via two different routes, the network will be entered into the routing table two times with different next hop routers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Routing Information Protocol Rock, Rock, Rock! is the soundtrack album to the motion picture of the same name and was the first LP ever released by Chess Records labeled LP 1425 and Chuck Berry's first appearance on a long player. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rock, Rock, Rock! (soundtrack) In April 2008, he opened Upscale Pizza in Fayetteville, Georgia. In November 2013, he retired as both chairman and CEO of Chick-fil-A, leaving his son, Dan Cathy, to assume the roles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) S. Truett Cathy In September 2012, The Civil Rights Agenda (TCRA) announced that Chick-fil-A had "ceased donating to organizations that promote discrimination, specifically against LGBT civil rights". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The company turned down several candidates who tried to use Chick-fil-A to bolster their campaigns, according to David Farmer, Chick-fil-A's vice president of menu strategy and development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In an interview with Bisnow in 2019, Chick-fil-A President Tim Tassopoulos said the company will stop donating to charities with anti-LGBT views. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On May 29, 2019, the Federal Aviation Administration's office of civil rights started an investigation on Buffalo Niagara International Airport and San Antonio International Airport for excluding Chick-fil-A from opening a restaurant in their airport because of the company's “long history of supporting and funding anti-LGBTQ organizations.” --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Also according to Moreno, Chick-fil-A included a statement of respect for all people regardless of sexual orientation in an internal document called Chick-fil-A: Who We Are. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On November 3, 2011, New York University's Student Senators Council voted 19 to 4 to retain the Chick-fil-A franchise on campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On February 28, 2012, Northeastern University's Student Senate passed a resolution to cancel plans for a Chick-fil-A franchise on its campus, stating "the student body does not support bringing CFA --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In August 2019, the Toronto Star ran an opinion piece, written by its National Columnist (staff), with the headline "Chick-fil-A is about to open in Toronto. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Upon being presented with petitions demanding that Berenstain Bears be pulled from a Chick-fil-A promotion, HarperCollins issued a statement saying "We have a long history of diversity and inclusiveness and work tirelessly to protect the freedom of expression. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On August 1, 2012, Chick-fil-A restaurants experienced a large show of public support across the nation with the company reporting record-breaking sales. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people These latest sales data are just further proof that all that negative coverage didn't hurt demand for chicken sandwiches among Chick-fil-A's core consumers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On 18 October 2019, it was announced that Chick-fil-A's location at The Oracle, Reading in Reading, Berkshire, the first location in the United Kingdom, would close due to the Oracle not renewing their lease. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "Tax filings for 2012 showed that Chick-fil-A created a new foundation, the Chick-fil-A Foundation, to provide grants to outside groups. It funded only one previously funded group, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The company continues to focus on the fair treatment of all of its customers and employees, but to end confusion gave me this statement. " The statement provided by Chick-fil-A was posted on Huckabee's website but the company did not respond to requests for comment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people " Moreno received backing from Chicago's Mayor, Rahm Emanuel: "Chick-fil-A values are not Chicago values", Emanuel said in a statement. "They disrespect our fellow neighbors and residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people This would be a bad investment, since it would be empty." Also according to Moreno, Chick-fil-A included a statement of respect for all people regardless of sexual orientation in an internal document called Chick-fil-A: Who We Are. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people you don't hand out business licenses based on whether you agree with the political views of the executives. Not in America, anyway ... what makes this whole situation so weird is that Chick-fil-A President Dan Cathy has always opposed gay marriage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Not in America, anyway ... what makes this whole situation so weird is that Chick-fil-A President Dan Cathy has always opposed gay marriage. He's a devout Southern Baptist, just like his father, who founded the company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people [Chick-fil-A] to campus", and "Student concerns reflected CFA's history of donating to anti-gay organizations. " The vote was 31 to 5, with 8 abstaining. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A announced their expansion to Canada in the city of Toronto. This caused a number of boycotts and backlash from Canadians due to the widespread support for LGBT rights in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In August 2019, the Toronto Star ran an opinion piece, written by its National Columnist (staff), with the headline "Chick-fil-A is about to open in Toronto. I hope it fails". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The Chick-fil-A Kickoff consisted of two games in 2012. Tennessee defeated NC State 35–21 on Friday night prior to Clemson defeating Auburn 26–19 in the headliner on Saturday. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game The 2016 Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game, which moved back to ESPN, featured North Carolina and Georgia, both making their second appearances in the kickoff series. The Bulldogs defeated the Tar Heels 33–24 in the final edition of the game played the Georgia Dome. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game Chick-fil-A was originally founded as the Dwarf Grill in 1946, changing the name to Dwarf House until rebranding as Chick-fil-A in 1967. The company operates more than 2,672 restaurants, primarily in the United States with locations in 47 states and the District of Columbia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A also offers customers catered selections from its menu for special events. Many of the company's values are influenced by the Christian religious beliefs of its late founder, S. Truett Cathy, a devout Southern Baptist. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Following this discovery, he registered the name Chick-fil-A, Inc. The company's trademarked slogan, "We Didn't Invent the Chicken, Just the Chicken Sandwich," refers to their flagship menu item, the Chick-fil-A chicken sandwich. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A The company's trademarked slogan, "We Didn't Invent the Chicken, Just the Chicken Sandwich," refers to their flagship menu item, the Chick-fil-A chicken sandwich. Several journalists have provided evidence that Cathy's repeated claim to have "invented the chicken sandwich," referenced in the slogan, is untrue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A also is a key sponsor of the SEC and the ACC of college athletics. During the 1970s and early 1980s, the chain expanded by opening new locations in suburban malls' food courts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A While other fast food chains often expand their menu offerings to attempt to attract new customers, Chick-fil-A's business model is to remain focused on chicken sandwiches. The name capital A is meant to indicate that their chicken is "grade A top quality". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A In December 2012, the FDA announced plans to phase out certain antibiotics in the food production industry. In February 2014, Chick-fil-A announced plans to serve chicken raised without antibiotics in its restaurants nationwide within five years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A In September 1994, Chick-fil-A opened its first location outside of the United States inside a student center food court at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. This location did not perform very well and was closed within two or three years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A announced that it would open two other locations in Toronto during 2019, and 12 additional stores in the Greater Toronto Area over the subsequent five years. Chick-fil-A opened its second Toronto location in Yorkdale Shopping Centre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A A Chick-fil-A operated in Edinburgh during Spring 2018. On October 10, 2019, Chick-fil-A returned to Europe, with the opening of a store at The Oracle shopping centre in Reading, UK. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Chick-fil-A vigorously protects its intellectual property, sending cease and desist letters to those they think have infringed on their trademarks. The corporation has successfully protested at least 30 instances of the use of an "eat more" phrase, saying that the use would cause confusion of the public, dilute the distinctiveness of their intellectual property, and diminish its value. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A After 22 years with The Richards Group, Chick-fil-A switched to McCann New York in 2016. Along with the cows, ads included famous people in history in a campaign called "Chicken for Breakfast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A The tournament is co-sponsored by the Greater Columbia Educational Advancement Foundation (GCEAF), which provides scholarships to high school seniors in the greater Columbia area. Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A "In April 2018, Chick-fil-A reportedly continued to donate to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, which opposes gay marriage. In a November 18, 2019 interview, Chick-fil-A president Tim Tassopoulos said the company would stop donating to The Salvation Army and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A It has a larger dine-in menu than the other Dwarf House locations as well as an animated seven dwarfs display in the back of the restaurant. It was across the street from the former Ford Motor Company factory called Atlanta Assembly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A The second location opened in 2003 in McDonough, Georgia, and a third location opened in 2006 in Griffin, Georgia. Similar to the Chick-fil-A Dwarf Houses, these independently owned restaurants offer traditional, sit-down dining and expanded menu selections in a diner-themed dinner. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A Similar to the Chick-fil-A Dwarf Houses, these independently owned restaurants offer traditional, sit-down dining and expanded menu selections in a diner-themed dinner. In 2017, Chick-fil-A demolished several Dwarf House locations to replace them with Truett's Grill locations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 41st edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. Georgia Tech represented the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), and their competitor was from the Southeastern Conference (SEC). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2008 Chick-fil-A Bowl Prior to 2006, the Chick-fil-A Bowl (then known as the Peach Bowl) matched the No. 5 team in the SEC versus the No. 3 team in the ACC. After the bowl increased its payout to $2.8 million per squad, it then was given the second pick from the ACC, with the Gator Bowl dropping to third. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Despite these improvements, Atlanta lost more than 100,000 residents between 1970 and 1990, over 20% of its population. At the same time, it developed new office space after attracting numerous corporations, with an increasing portion of workers from northern areas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta From 2000 to 2010, the city's black population decreased by 31,678 people, shrinking from 61.4% of the city's population in 2000 to 54.0% in 2010, as the overall population expanded and migrants increased from other areas. At the same time, the white population of Atlanta has increased. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta At the same time, some residents of the city speak in Southern variations of African-American English. Religion in Atlanta, while historically centered on Protestant Christianity, now encompasses many faiths, as a result of the city and metro area's increasingly international population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta Beginning as early as the 1920s, Atlanta emerged as a center for country music, which was brought to the city by migrants from Appalachia. During the countercultural 1960s, Atlanta hosted the Atlanta International Pop Festival, with the 1969 festival taking place more than a month before Woodstock and featuring many of the same bands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta From 2006 until 2013, Chick-fil-A's contract gave it full naming rights and the game was referred to as the Chick-fil-A Bowl as a result. The traditional "Peach Bowl" name was reinstated following the announcement that the bowl would be one of the six College Football Playoff bowls. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peach Bowl As of 2013, the bowl was sold out for 17 straight years, the second-longest streak behind only the Rose Bowl Game. In 2007, the Chick-fil-A Bowl became the best-attended non-BCS bowl for the previous decade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peach Bowl The Atlanta Hawks also selected Kevin Huerter with the 19th pick and Omari Spellman with the 30th pick of the 2018 NBA draft. It was speculated that the Hawks general manager, Travis Schlenk, was following the same plan for a rebuild that he had success with in Golden State. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta Hawks Milwaukee had long been a possible target for relocation. Bill Veeck had tried to return his St. Louis Browns there earlier the same year (Milwaukee was the original home of that franchise), but his proposal had been voted down by the other American League owners. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta Braves The University Gallery is on the campus of the University of North Florida. The Jacksonville Karpeles Manuscript Library Museum is a branch of the world's largest private collection of original manuscripts and documents. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jacksonville, Florida Cocoa Beach's first official meeting was held at the Cocoa Beach Casino on July 27, 1925, and adopted the City Seal. Gus C. Edwards was elected as mayor and served as a commissioner along with J.A. Haisten, and R.Z. Grabel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida In 1961, Ron-Jon opened their first store locally. In 1965, Cocoa Beach High School requested that Cocoa Avenue, the street that the school was located on, be renamed Minutemen Boulevard, in honor of the school's mascot, the Minuteman. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center is located approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of town. Many people moved to Cocoa Beach due to jobs connected to the space program and in search of new opportunities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida The housing market plummeted and some people unable to sell their homes simply abandoned them. Cocoa Beach was the setting for the 1960s sitcom I Dream of Jeannie, although no episodes were actually filmed there, and star Barbara Eden only made two visits during the show's production — both in 1969, for publicity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach High School was used as the school in the 2002 movie Race to Space. In 2002, 69% of the voters capped building height to 45 feet (14 m). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach's has a humid subtropical climate Köppen climate classification of Cfa. This climate features hot and humid summers with frequent tropical downpours and daily thundershowers, and warm, dry, and sunny winters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida Cocoa Beach High SchoolFreedom 7 Elementary school and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High School both are certified International Baccalaureate schools. Freedom 7 Elementary has a primary years program, and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High has both a middle years program and a diploma program. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida From north to south, SR A1A enters Cocoa Beach from Cape Canaveral as Atlantic Avenue. After passing the downtown area and resort area, the road splits into a one-way pair of roads, southbound being named Orlando Avenue, with northbound keeping the name Atlantic Avenue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cocoa Beach, Florida As part of the agreement, the property was renamed Candler Field after its former owner, Coca-Cola tycoon and former Atlanta mayor Asa Candler. The first flight into Candler Field was September 15, 1926, a Florida Airways mail plane flying from Jacksonville, Florida. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport The first flight into Candler Field was September 15, 1926, a Florida Airways mail plane flying from Jacksonville, Florida. In May 1928, Pitcairn Aviation began service to Atlanta, followed in June 1930 by Delta Air Service. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Chicago Midway had 414 weekday departures, including 48 between 12:00 and 2:00 PM. In 1957, Atlanta was the country's ninth-busiest airline airport by flight count and about the same by passenger count. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport In 1957, Atlanta was the country's ninth-busiest airline airport by flight count and about the same by passenger count. In late 1957, work began on a new $21 million terminal, which opened May 3, 1961. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Accessories — The crankshaft pulley diameter decreased by 14% (as compared to the GT) in order to under-drive the alternator, A/C, and smog pump, all to increase power. The water pump pulley also decreased in diameter by the same amount in order to preserve the ratio of pump speed, and thus coolant flow. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra In the table below, the engine code (in bold) is the only unique code that differentiates the SVT Cobra from other Mustangs for the 1993 model year. Notice that the SVT Cobra and Mustang GT hatchback shared the same code for the body style/model number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra In the table below, the engine code (in bold) is the only unique code that differentiates the SVT Cobra from other Mustangs for the 1994 model year. Notice that the SVT Cobra and Mustang GT shared the same codes for the body style/model number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra In the table below, the engine codes (in bold) are the only unique codes that differentiate the SVT Cobra from other Mustangs for the 1995 model year. Notice that the SVT Cobra and Mustang GT shared the same codes for the body style/model number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra The interior choices were the same as what was offered in 1996: black cloth, saddle cloth, black leather, and saddle leather. On Cobra convertibles, the vinyl top was again available in black, saddle, or white, and this convertible top was the same one used on regular Mustang convertibles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ford Mustang SVT Cobra Other than some areas of coastal Miami (Miami Beach), the Florida Keys are the only areas in the continental United States to never report freezing temperatures since settlement. The record low in Key West is 41 °F (5 °C) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida Keys The company made plans to construct a Surf Park at the location of the Orlando Ron Jon store, but it has since been canceled, due in part that the schematics for the pool were installed backwards. The flagship store in Cocoa Beach is open daily and has over 52,000 square feet of retail space. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Jon Surf Shop Rock has been credited with changing attitudes to race by opening up African-American culture to white audiences; but at the same time, rock has been accused of appropriating and exploiting that culture. While rock music has absorbed many influences and introduced Western audiences to different musical traditions, the global spread of rock music has been interpreted as a form of cultural imperialism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rock music The present day Minuteman Causeway Boulevard in Cocoa Beach, and Old Causeway Road in Angel City are the remaining ends of the Merritt Island Causeway. The bridge system composed of the Indian River Bridge and the Banana River Bridge lasted another 18 years, when growth caught up with the bridge system. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Merritt Island Causeway In Miramar Beach, 68% of the population over 15 are married, 92% speak English and 3% speak Spanish. 12% of Miramar Beach residents were born in Florida, 79% were born out of state, 3% were born outside of the United States and 7% were foreign born. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Miramar Beach, Florida Tijuana Flats Tex-Mex is a privately-held American restaurant chain serving Tex-Mex cuisine. It has over 135 locations (117 company owned & 18 franchised) throughout Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, and Indiana. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tijuana Flats The restaurant was founded in Winter Park, Florida, in 1995 by University of Central Florida graduate Brian Wheeler with US$20,000 in loans. The company had 18 locations before expanding out-of-state in 2004. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tijuana Flats Both Tigers accepted an invitation to the game after achieving a 10–2 regular season record. This was not the first time the two Tigers have met in the Chick-fil-A Bowl; the 1996 game also pitted them against each other, with LSU topping Clemson by a score of 10–7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl In addition, Clemson's DeAndre Hopkins set an ACC record for most consecutive game with a touchdown catch, at 10. The 2012 Chick-fil-A bowl also marked LSU's first loss to an ACC team since 1955. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Chick-fil-A Bowl Florida was the principal location of the Seminole Wars (1816–1858), the longest and most extensive of Indian Wars in United States history. Florida declared its secession from the Union on January 10, 1861, and was one of the seven original Confederate States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida In 1884 the South Florida Railroad (later absorbed by Atlantic Coast Line Railroad) opened full service to Tampa. In 1894 the Florida East Coast Railway reached West Palm Beach; in 1896 it reached Biscayne Bay near Miami. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida Until the mid-20th century, Florida was the least populous state in the southern United States. In 1900, its population was only 528,542, of whom nearly 44% were African American, the same proportion as before the Civil War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida In 1900, its population was only 528,542, of whom nearly 44% were African American, the same proportion as before the Civil War. Forty thousand blacks, roughly one-fifth of their 1900 population levels in Florida, left the state in the Great Migration. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida After Hurricane Maria devastated Puerto Rico in September 2017, a large population of Puerto Ricans began moving to Florida to escape the widespread destruction. Hundreds of thousands of Puerto Ricans arrived in Florida after Maria dissipated, with nearly half of them arriving in Orlando and large populations also moving to Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida The Daytona Beach area is similar demographically and the city of Orlando has a large Hispanic population, which has often favored Democrats. Republicans, made up mostly of white conservatives, have dominated throughout much of the rest of Florida, particularly in the more rural and suburban areas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida This is characteristic of its voter base throughout the Deep South. The fast-growing I-4 corridor area, which runs through Central Florida and connects the cities of Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida Drivers between 15 and 19 years of age averaged 364 car crashes a year per ten thousand licensed Florida drivers in 2010. Drivers 70 and older averaged 95 per 10,000 during the same time frame. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida Currently service is only from West Palm Beach to Miami through express intercity service, with a stop at Fort Lauderdale. The complete project is intended to connect Miami and South Florida to Orlando, which requires a new line westward from the coast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida The complete project is intended to connect Miami and South Florida to Orlando, which requires a new line westward from the coast. It partially opened for passenger service between Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach on January 13, 2018, as the only privately owned and operated passenger railroad in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florida On June 27, a parade in Cocoa Beach escorted Eden and the rest of the cast to Cocoa Beach City Hall, where she was greeted by fans and city officials. They were then taken to LC-43 at Cape Canaveral where she pressed a button to launch a Loki-Dart weather rocket. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) I Dream of Jeannie With sponsorship from Chick-fil-A, it was the 40th edition of the game known throughout most of its history as the Peach Bowl. Clemson University represented the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and Auburn University represented the Southeastern Conference (SEC) in the competition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl A few hours later, Auburn was selected as the second half of the matchup. Two days after the selections were announced, the game was declared sold out, the 11th consecutive sellout in the combined history of the Peach and Chick-fil-A Bowls. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl Two days after the selections were announced, the game was declared sold out, the 11th consecutive sellout in the combined history of the Peach and Chick-fil-A Bowls. Clemson was allocated 17,500 tickets for distribution and Auburn was allocated 15,700 --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2007 Chick-fil-A Bowl The overall district grade assigned to the Leon County Schools is "A". Students in the Leon County School District continued to score favorably in comparison to Florida and national averages in the SAT and ACT student assessment tests. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tallahassee, Florida The SEC Eastern Division Champion South Carolina Gamecocks appeared in the Chick-fil-A Bowl. The Gamecocks also entered the game with an impressive 9–4 record after a 7–6 season in 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl Graham, one of the original investigators in these cases, said he doubted that Wayne Williams, the man convicted of two of the killings and blamed for 22 others, was guilty of all of them. On June 21, 2006, the DeKalb County Police dropped its reinvestigation of the Atlanta child murders. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlanta murders of 1979–1981 Daniel Truett Cathy (born March 1, 1953) is an American businessman. He is chairman, president, and CEO of fast-food chain Chick-fil-A, which was founded and expanded by his father, S. Truett Cathy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dan Cathy He is chairman, president, and CEO of fast-food chain Chick-fil-A, which was founded and expanded by his father, S. Truett Cathy. He has a net worth of $7.1 billion as of November 2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dan Cathy This has been the case for more than 60 years. The Chick-fil-A culture and service tradition in our restaurants is to treat every person with honor, dignity and respect and to serve great food with genuine hospitality." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dan Cathy Therefore, a RIPv1 router will in most cases only have one entry for a reachable network, the one with the lowest hop count. If a router receives information from two different neighbouring router that the same network is reachable with the same hop count but via two different routes, the network will be entered into the routing table two times with different next hop routers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Routing Information Protocol If a router receives information from two different neighbouring router that the same network is reachable with the same hop count but via two different routes, the network will be entered into the routing table two times with different next hop routers. The RIPv1 enabled router will then perform what is known as equal-cost load balancing for IP packets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Routing Information Protocol Activists called for protests and boycotts, while supporters of the restaurant chain and opponents of same-sex marriage ate there in support of the restaurant. National political figures both for and against the actions spoke out and some business partners severed ties with the chain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people " In March 2014, tax filings for 2012 showed the group stopped funding all but one organization which had been previously criticized, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. In 2017, tax filings showed that the groups supported by Chick-fil-A expanded to include The Salvation Army, which has been seen as counter to LGBTQ rights. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In 2017, tax filings showed that the groups supported by Chick-fil-A expanded to include The Salvation Army, which has been seen as counter to LGBTQ rights. In November 2019, Chick-fil-A announced that it would not make contributions in 2020 to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes and The Salvation Army. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In November 2019, Chick-fil-A announced that it would not make contributions in 2020 to the Fellowship of Christian Athletes and The Salvation Army. They did not establish any criteria for corporate donations that would rule out future contributions to anti-LGBTQ groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In September 2012, The Civil Rights Agenda (TCRA) announced that Chick-fil-A had "ceased donating to organizations that promote discrimination, specifically against LGBT civil rights". This change in policy was not confirmed by Chick-fil-A officials. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people " The statement provided by Chick-fil-A was posted on Huckabee's website but the company did not respond to requests for comment. In March 2014, new tax filings from 2012 showed that the company had stopped funding all but one organization which had been previously criticized by LGBT activists and supporters but, that group received just $25,390. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In March 2014, new tax filings from 2012 showed that the company had stopped funding all but one organization which had been previously criticized by LGBT activists and supporters but, that group received just $25,390. The company created a new foundation, the Chick-fil-A Foundation, to fund outside groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In 2017, that message extended to politics, in part to keep the brand from being exploited by candidates. The company turned down several candidates who tried to use Chick-fil-A to bolster their campaigns, according to David Farmer, Chick-fil-A's vice president of menu strategy and development. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people The company turned down several candidates who tried to use Chick-fil-A to bolster their campaigns, according to David Farmer, Chick-fil-A's vice president of menu strategy and development. "There are several candidates who would like to use us as a platform," Farmer told Business Insider. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people In an interview with Bisnow in 2019, Chick-fil-A President Tim Tassopoulos said the company will stop donating to charities with anti-LGBT views. The company will instead donate to charities focused on education, homelessness and hunger. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people "They'd have to work with LGBT groups in terms of hiring, and there would have to be a public apology from [Cathy]. " Moreno received backing from Chicago's Mayor, Rahm Emanuel: "Chick-fil-A values are not Chicago values", Emanuel said in a statement. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On November 3, 2011, New York University's Student Senators Council voted 19 to 4 to retain the Chick-fil-A franchise on campus. This vote came before a petition with over 11,000 signatures opposing its presence on campus was sent to the student council. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people On February 28, 2012, Northeastern University's Student Senate passed a resolution to cancel plans for a Chick-fil-A franchise on its campus, stating "the student body does not support bringing CFA [Chick-fil-A] to campus", and "Student concerns reflected CFA's history of donating to anti-gay organizations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Davidson College in North Carolina announced on August 13, 2012 that, in response to a petition which received 500 signatures, the school would stop serving Chick-fil-A on campus at the monthly "After Midnight" events. Other forms of protest occurred. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people This caused a number of boycotts and backlash from Canadians due to the widespread support for LGBT rights in Canada. In August 2019, the Toronto Star ran an opinion piece, written by its National Columnist (staff), with the headline "Chick-fil-A is about to open in Toronto. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people More than 600,000 people RSVPed on Facebook for Huckabee's appreciation event. On August 1, 2012, Chick-fil-A restaurants experienced a large show of public support across the nation with the company reporting record-breaking sales. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people Chick-fil-A's sales soared 12 percent, to $4.6 billion, in 2012. The good fortune follows several years of impressive expansion and strong sales, which have pushed the privately held company's valuation north of $4.5 billion, making billionaires out of its founders ... --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chick-fil-A and LGBT people
23158.	Q: Where is CCCP written on the Orlan-DM spacesuit? Title = 2012-10-23 Orlan-DM Spacesuit anagoria.JPG Description = A: On the left arm. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Tupolev Tu-124, Tupolev Tu-104, Combined Community Codec Pack, Tupolev Tu-134, Aeroflot accidents and incidents, CCCP (disambiguation), CHOBA B CCCP, Soviet Union, Ilyushin Il-76, Tupolev Tu-154 Toggle details	The CCCP is developed and maintained by members of various fansubbing groups. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Combined Community Codec Pack To view a CCCP-approved video, one must simply theoretically uninstall all other codec packs and install the CCCP. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Combined Community Codec Pack CHOBA B CCCP was released as a Live-in-studio-Album. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) CHOBA B CCCP Additionally, unlike many competing packs, CCCP is designed around decoding rather than encoding, and as such doesn't include many video encoders that other packs do. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Combined Community Codec Pack The CCCP is made only for the Microsoft Windows operating system and works with Windows XP/Vista/7/8/10. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Combined Community Codec Pack (Can be played back with CCCP's MPC by installing the official QuickTime software or QuickTime Alternative) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Combined Community Codec Pack CHOBA B CCCP (Russian: Сно́ва в СССР, tr. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) CHOBA B CCCP The CCCP staff recommends to not use On2's included registry patch, but rather turn on or off any necessary codecs within the CCCP settings menu. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Combined Community Codec Pack .rmvb (Can be played back with CCCP's MPC by installing the official RealPlayer software or Real Alternative) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Combined Community Codec Pack In 2006, On2 began recommending the CCCP as a simple decoding solution to feed video and audio to their Flix encoding application. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Combined Community Codec Pack In 2009, the German C't magazine recommended CCCP as the only trustworthy Codec pack available today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Combined Community Codec Pack Note: Installing all of these separately will not have the same effect as installing the CCCP because the Media Player Classic Home Cinema is customized and so are all of the components' settings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Combined Community Codec Pack It thus can potentially avoid problems caused by inappropriate combinations of filters by providing an all-inclusive playback solution. To view a CCCP-approved video, one must simply theoretically uninstall all other codec packs and install the CCCP. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Combined Community Codec Pack To view a CCCP-approved video, one must simply theoretically uninstall all other codec packs and install the CCCP. This philosophy leads to some disadvantages; since many formats are not enabled by default, they have to be manually toggled by the user if needed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Combined Community Codec Pack This philosophy leads to some disadvantages; since many formats are not enabled by default, they have to be manually toggled by the user if needed. Additionally, unlike many competing packs, CCCP is designed around decoding rather than encoding, and as such doesn't include many video encoders that other packs do. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Combined Community Codec Pack CHOBA B CCCP (Russian: Сно́ва в СССР, tr. Snóva v SSSR, IPA: [ˈsnovə ˈv‿ɛsɛsɛsˈɛr], lit. ' --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) CHOBA B CCCP
8448.	Q: What shape are the taillights on the Bugatti Veyron? Title = Bugatti Veyron 16.4 1.JPG Description = A: round Relevant Wikipedia Pages: W16 engine, Nardò Ring, Bugatti, Production car speed record, Bugatti 18/3 Chiron, List of Bugatti vehicles, Bugatti Automobiles, Bugatti Veyron, List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines, Bugatti Chiron Toggle details	The Bugatti Veyron has a total of ten radiators: --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Bugatti Veyron Loris Bicocchi accident in the Bugatti Veyron prototype == --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Nardò Ring The Chiron name was used again on the 2016 successor to the Bugatti Veyron. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bugatti 18/3 Chiron At the end of 2001, Bugatti announced that the car was now officially called the Bugatti Veyron 16.4. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bugatti Automobiles On November 30, 2015, Bugatti announced that the successor to the Veyron would be called the Chiron. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Bugatti Automobiles The standard Bugatti Veyron also won Top Gear's Best Car --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Bugatti Veyron Retrieved 30 December 2009."2006 Bugatti Veyron W16 Engine". --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines Volkswagen Group produces a W16 engine, which has been used in the Bugatti Veyron and Bugatti Chiron since 2005. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) W16 engine This would be the Bugatti 100P, which never flew. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bugatti The Bugatti Veyron was discontinued in late 2014, but special edition models continued to be produced until 2015. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport is a faster, more powerful version of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport, World Record Edition (2010–2011) == --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bugatti Veyron According to Bugatti, "weight was the enemy". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bugatti May responded that the Veyron was very controlled, and only wobbled slightly when the air brake deployed. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport World Record Edition is a version of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport Vitesse is a targa top version of the Veyron Super Sport. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bugatti Veyron The successor to the Bugatti Veyron, the Chiron was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show on 1 March 2016. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bugatti Chiron On 23 February 2015, Bugatti sold its last Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse, which was named La Finale. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bugatti The standard Bugatti Veyron also won Top Gear's Best Car Driven All Year award in 2005. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport is a faster, more powerful version of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4. Production was limited to 30 units. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bugatti Veyron During one of the first secret speed tests on a Bugatti Veyron prototype, driven by Loris Bicocchi, one of the wheels exploded carrying the fender with it. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Nardò Ring After acquiring Messier, Snecma merged Messier and Bugatti into Messier-Bugatti in 1977. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti The Bugatti Chiron is a mid-engined, two-seated sports car, designed by Achim Anscheidt, developed as the successor to the Bugatti Veyron. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Visually, its wedge shape is based on the EB 110. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Automobiles It was named after the racing driver Pierre Veyron. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Veyron In 2008, Bugatti then-CEO Dr Franz-Josef Paefgen confirmed that the Veyron would be replaced by another high-end model by 2012. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Veyron The width is 1,998 mm (78.7 in) and height 1,204 mm (47.4 in). The Bugatti Veyron has a total of ten radiators: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport World Record Edition is a version of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. It is limited to five units. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bugatti Veyron "Photograph of the Bugatti W16 cylinder block" (jpg image). Retrieved 30 December 2009."2006 Bugatti Veyron W16 Engine". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines Development initially lasted until 2001; the EB 16/4 Veyron was given "advanced concept" status in advertising. At the end of 2001, Bugatti announced that the car was now officially called the Bugatti Veyron 16.4. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bugatti Automobiles At the end of 2001, Bugatti announced that the car was now officially called the Bugatti Veyron 16.4. The combination of numbers means 16 cylinders and a fourth design study. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bugatti Automobiles The successor to the Veyron was unveiled in concept form as the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo at the September 2015 Frankfurt Motor Show. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bugatti Veyron W16 engines are rarely produced, with the notable exception of the Volkswagen Group 8.0 WR16 engine that has been used since 2005 in the Bugatti Veyron, Bugatti Chiron and their related models. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) W16 engine Volkswagen Group produces a W16 engine, which has been used in the Bugatti Veyron and Bugatti Chiron since 2005. This engine has a displacement of 8.0 L (488 cu in) and four turbochargers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) W16 engine Ettore Bugatti also designed a successful motorised railcar, the Autorail Bugatti (Autorail Bugatti). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti On 4 July 2010 the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport reached 431.072 km/h (267.856 mph) two-way average. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Production car speed record In late 2021 the company will be acquired by the newly formed Bugatti Rimac company. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Automobiles In 2020, Bugatti delivered 77 vehicles to customers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Automobiles At the time, the Veyron was the most potent and fastest supercar ever built. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Automobiles With the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo, the luxury manufacturer presented a possible new super sports car following the sale of all 450 Veyron. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Automobiles The Veyron includes a sound system designed and built by Burmester Audiosysteme. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron The Veyron can be driven in either semi-automatic or fully-automatic mode. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron The targa top version of the Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4, dubbed the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport, was unveiled at the 2008 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron James May described the Veyron as "our Concorde moment". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron It was named Car of the Decade and best car award (2000–2009) by the BBC television programme Top Gear. The standard Bugatti Veyron also won Top Gear's Best Car --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron (253 mph). May responded that the Veyron was very controlled, and only wobbled slightly when the air brake deployed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron h (258 mph) to protect the tyres from disintegrating. The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport World Record Edition is a version of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. Retrieved 30 December 2009."Bugatti Veyron 16.4 powerplant". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines Production will start in early 2022.This is the next generation supercar of the Bugatti Super Sport series present in Veyron and EB110 series cars. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Chiron The successor to the Bugatti Veyron, the Chiron was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show on 1 March 2016. The car is based on the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo concept car. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bugatti Chiron This speed record has since been beaten by the Bugatti Veyron at Volkswagen Group's private Ehra-Lessien straight line test track in Germany, and hence the CCR only holds the speed record for the Nardò Ring. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nardò Ring Plans were made to list Bugatti shares on international stock exchanges. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Bugatti presented a prototype large saloon called the EB112 in 1993. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Bugatti's liquidators sold Lotus Cars to Proton of Malaysia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti In contrast, the W16 engine in Bugatti Automobile's first production car, the 2005 Veyron EB 16.4 features a four-bank configuration of four cylinders each, totalling sixteen cylinders. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti 18/3 Chiron Since 2000, the Bugatti automobile brand has officially existed as Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S., still abbreviated to Bugatti. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Automobiles In September 2020, it was announced that Volkswagen was preparing to sell its Bugatti luxury brand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Automobiles In July 2021, it was announced that Bugatti Automobiles and Rimac Automobili will be owned by the newly formed Bugatti Rimac. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti is the only automaker to build a W16 engine that produces over 1,500 hp. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Automobiles The Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4 is a mid-engine sports car, designed and developed in France by the Volkswagen Group and Bugatti and manufactured in Molsheim, France, by French automobile manufacturer Bugatti. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron In December 2010, Bugatti began offering prospective buyers the ability to customise exterior and interior colours by using the Veyron 16.4 Configurator application on the marque's official website. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron A replacement transmission for the Veyron costs just over US$120,000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti claims the Veyron will brake from 400 km/h (249 mph) to a standstill in less than 10 seconds, though distance covered in this time will be half a kilometre (third of a mile). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron Later that day, Bugatti's official test driver Pierre Henri Raphanel drove the Super Sport version of the Veyron at the same track to establish the car's top speed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron In series 10, Hammond raced the Veyron against the Eurofighter Typhoon and lost. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Veyron The car is based on the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo concept car. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bugatti Chiron After a long decline, the original incarnation of Bugatti ceased operations in 1952. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Snecma took over Hispano-Suiza in 1968. After acquiring Messier, Snecma merged Messier and Bugatti into Messier-Bugatti in 1977. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti The Bugatti Chiron is a mid-engined, two-seated sports car, designed by Achim Anscheidt, developed as the successor to the Bugatti Veyron. The Chiron was first revealed at the Geneva Motor Show on March 1, 2016. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Bugatti introduced the EB 18/4 at the 1999 Tokyo Motor Show. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles In the 1980s the Bugatti brand was brought back as Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. in Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles In July 2019, Bugatti built the 200th Chiron, as "110 ans Bugatti". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles In July 2018, Bugatti announced that it would build the Divo hypercar, limited to 40 units. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles In the same month, Bugatti reported that 250 vehicles of the Chiron had now been built, exactly half the planned number. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles At the 2015 IAA, the company unveiled a show car of its Vision Gran Turismo project. With the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo, the luxury manufacturer presented a possible new super sports car following the sale of all 450 Veyron. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles With the Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo, the luxury manufacturer presented a possible new super sports car following the sale of all 450 Veyron. The Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo design is intended to recall the racing tradition of the 1920s and 1930s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles On November 30, 2015, Bugatti announced that the successor to the Veyron would be called the Chiron. The name is dedicated to the Monegasque racing driver Louis Chiron, who began his racing career on a Bugatti Type 35 and won several Grand Prix races. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti claims maximum deceleration of 1.3 g on road tyres. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti was reported to produce 300 coupés and 150 roadsters up to the end of 2015. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron He noted that the production cost of a Veyron was GB£5 million, but was sold to customers for just GB£1 million. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron Hammond has stated that he did not use the Veyron's launch control in order to make the race more interesting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4 is a mid-engine sports car, designed and developed in France by the Volkswagen Group and Bugatti and manufactured in Molsheim, France, by French automobile manufacturer Bugatti. It was named after the racing driver Pierre Veyron. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron Several special variants have been produced. In December 2010, Bugatti began offering prospective buyers the ability to customise exterior and interior colours by using the Veyron 16.4 Configurator application on the marque's official website. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron While the F1 was quicker off the line and remained ahead until both cars were travelling at approximately 200 km/h, the Bugatti overtook its competitor from 200 to 300 km/h and emerged the victor. Hammond has stated that he did not use the Veyron's launch control in order to make the race more interesting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Veyron 882 kW (1,199 PS; 1,183 bhp); 1,500 N⋅m (1,106 lbf⋅ft) – in the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport; achieving a top speed of 430 km/h --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines "Photograph of the Bugatti W16 cylinder block" (jpg image). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines Retrieved 25 August 2009."Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport revealed". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines The car shares the name with the 1999 Bugatti 18/3 Chiron concept car. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Chiron Unlike the 300+, the limiter cannot be disabled by Bugatti in the Super Sport for prepared runs. Production will start in early 2022.This is the next generation supercar of the Bugatti Super Sport series present in Veyron and EB110 series cars. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bugatti Chiron During the war Ettore Bugatti was sent away, initially to Milan and later to Paris, but as soon as hostilities had been concluded he returned to his factory at Molsheim. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti The 1924 Bugatti Type 35 is one of the most successful racing cars. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti During the war, Bugatti planned a new factory at Levallois, a northwestern suburb of Paris. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti In the 1960s, Virgil Exner designed a Bugatti as part of his "Revival Cars" project. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Examples of the difficulties faced were shown up in the dispute between Bugatti and Hennessey over which car was the world's fastest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Production car speed record Bugatti built 30 Super Sports (5 of them named World Record Edition). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Production car speed record On 4 July 2010 the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport reached 431.072 km/h (267.856 mph) two-way average. Bugatti built 30 Super Sports (5 of them named World Record Edition). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Production car speed record The Bugatti 18/3 Chiron premiered at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1999. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti 18/3 Chiron This is a list of vehicles produced by Bugatti (under Ettore Bugatti), Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. and Bugatti Automobiles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Bugatti vehicles In January 2021, Bugatti announced that it had increased its operating profit for the third year in a row. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles The formation of the Bugatti Rimac is due to take place in the fourth quarter of 2021. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles Volkswagen designed the final Bugatti concept, the EB 18/4 GT in house. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles At the Paris, Geneva, and Detroit auto shows, Bugatti presented the EB 16/4 Veyron concept car, an all-wheel-drive 16-cylinder car with an engine output of 736 kW (1001 hp). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles The EB 16/4 Veyron has an 8.0-liter engine with four turbochargers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles On June 26, 2010, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport set the world speed record for road-legal production sports cars with a top speed of 431.072 km/h. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles In November 2018, Lego collaborated with Bugatti to design a 1:1 scale Chiron made of Lego bricks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles Limited to 20 units, the edition is dedicated to Bugatti's legendary pilots and works drivers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Automobiles In 2011, the new CEO Wolfgang Dürheimer revealed that the company was planning to produce two models in the future — one a sports car-successor to the Veyron, the other a limousine known as the Bugatti 16C Galibier, which was later cancelled since Bugatti was later then working on a successor to the Veyron, which became the Bugatti Chiron. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Veyron In 2011, Martin Roach's book Bugatti Veyron: A Quest for Perfection – The Story of the Greatest Car in the World took the stance that the car had now become so famous that it is effectively a bona fide celebrity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Veyron The Veyron includes a sound system designed and built by Burmester Audiosysteme. Several special variants have been produced. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Veyron In October 1999, Bugatti unveiled a fourth concept car at the Tokyo Motor Show. The EB 18/4 Veyron was a mid-engine sports car styled in-house under the direction of Hartmut Warkuß. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines Unlike the 300+, the limiter cannot be disabled by Bugatti in the Super Sport for prepared runs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Chiron The car incorporates an exhaust system first introduced on the Bugatti Centodieci in order to further reduce aerodynamic drag. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bugatti Chiron During one of the first secret speed tests on a Bugatti Veyron prototype, driven by Loris Bicocchi, one of the wheels exploded carrying the fender with it. The fender raised and brought the front hood with it which collapsed and smashed the windshield, causing the car to lose control and slamming into the guard rail at a speed of 398 km/h. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nardò Ring In 1998, the Volkswagen Group bought the rights to the Bugatti marque and set up a subsidiary based back in Molsheim, Alsace. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti The little Bugatti Type 10 swept the top four positions at its first race. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Development of a 375 cc supercharged car was stopped when Ettore Bugatti died on 21 August 1947. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Italian entrepreneur Romano Artioli acquired the Bugatti brand in 1987, and established Bugatti Automobili S.p. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Racing car designer Mauro Forghieri served as Bugatti's technical director from 1993 through 1994. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti A model specific to the US market called the "Bugatti America" was in the preparatory stages when the company ceased operations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Musée National de l'Automobile de Mulhouse, home of the Schlumpf Collection of Bugatti cars --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti " 5 days later it was written on its website: "Guinness World Records would like to confirm that Bugatti's record has not been disqualified; the record category is currently under review. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Production car speed record Five days later Bugatti's speed record was confirmed: "Following a thorough review conducted with a number of external experts, Guinness World Records is pleased to announce the confirmation of Bugatti's record of Fastest production car achieved by the Veyron 16.4 Super Sport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Production car speed record In creating a logical successor to the EB110, they had the unique opportunity to style Bugatti's possible flagship model. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti 18/3 Chiron The company produced the EB110 in the 1990s, which put Bugatti back on the modern super-car scene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles Development initially lasted until 2001; the EB 16/4 Veyron was given "advanced concept" status in advertising. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles The Bugatti Vision Gran Turismo design is intended to recall the racing tradition of the 1920s and 1930s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles On November 6, 2015, the first showrooms in Bugatti's new CI look were opened simultaneously. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles On February 29, 2016, Bugatti unveiled its new Chiron hypercar at the Geneva Motor Show. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti is ringing in its 110th anniversary in 2019 with the unique "110ans" edition of the Chiron Sport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles In September 2019, Bugatti will break the 300-mile barrier with a modified Chiron, breaking the top speed record. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles In September, Bugatti presented the special Chiron Sport model "Les Légendes du Ciel." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles The car pays homage to the legendary 'missing' Bugatti Type 57 SC Atlantic of Jean Bugatti. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles At the German Design Award, Bugatti becomes "Winner" in the category "Excellent Architecture - Fair and Exhibition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles Since 2000, the Bugatti automobile brand has officially existed as Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S., still abbreviated to Bugatti. Since then, the company's headquarters have once again been located in Molsheim, France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles This marked the most successful year in the company's history. In 2020, Bugatti delivered 77 vehicles to customers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles The 16C Galibier was unveiled during Celebration of the Centenary of the Marque in Molsheim. The presentation was only for Bugatti customers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles In 2000, the company introduced a new engine concept. At the Paris, Geneva, and Detroit auto shows, Bugatti presented the EB 16/4 Veyron concept car, an all-wheel-drive 16-cylinder car with an engine output of 736 kW (1001 hp). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles At the Paris, Geneva, and Detroit auto shows, Bugatti presented the EB 16/4 Veyron concept car, an all-wheel-drive 16-cylinder car with an engine output of 736 kW (1001 hp). The EB 16/4 Veyron has an 8.0-liter engine with four turbochargers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles It reached a top speed of 407 km/h. At the time, the Veyron was the most potent and fastest supercar ever built. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti changed its corporate design from February 2020. The first showroom with the new look opened in Paris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Automobiles In October 1999, Bugatti unveiled a fourth concept car at the Tokyo Motor Show. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron In 2000, a modified version, the EB 16/4 Veyron, was displayed at motor shows in Detroit, Geneva, and Paris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The "EB" refers to Bugatti founder Ettore Bugatti and the "16.4" refers to the engine's 16 cylinders and quad-turbochargers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The Grand Sport edition was limited to 150 units, with the first 50 going exclusively to registered Bugatti customers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron On 15 April 2013 Bugatti's speed record was confirmed: "Following a thorough review conducted with a number of external experts, Guinness World Records is pleased to announce the confirmation of Bugatti's record of Fastest production car achieved by the Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The commentary focused on Bugatti's "amazing technical achievement" versus the "non-gizmo" racing purity of the F1. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The Veyron also won the award for "Car of the Decade" in Top Gear's end of 2010 award show. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The book follows its author as he attempts to track down and drive the car, along the way interviewing chief designers, test drivers, and the president of Bugatti. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron Murray was impressed with the Veyron's engine and transmission after he test drove one for Road & Track magazine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron In December 2010, Bugatti began offering prospective buyers the ability to customise exterior and interior colours by using the Veyron 16.4 Configurator application on the marque's official website. The Bugatti Veyron was discontinued in late 2014, but special edition models continued to be produced until 2015. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The Veyron can be driven in either semi-automatic or fully-automatic mode. A replacement transmission for the Veyron costs just over US$120,000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron The targa top version of the Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4, dubbed the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport, was unveiled at the 2008 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance. It has extensive reinforcements to compensate for the lack of a standard roof and small changes to the windshield and running lights. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron Volkswagen designed the car merely as a technical exercise. James May described the Veyron as "our Concorde moment". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Veyron Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. 2 February 2006. Archived from the original on 30 July 2013. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines At the 2018 Geneva Motor Show, Bugatti unveiled the track focused version of the Chiron, named the Chiron Sport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron Without the limiter, Bugatti claims that the car can attain a maximum speed in excess of 483 km/h --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron Bugatti will also prepare the cars of owners who want to take the car to its full potential at the Ehra-Lessien test track. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron Unlike the 300+, it does not come with interior stiffening and has more leather in the interior like a typical Bugatti Chiron. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron Bugatti announced a special-edition, the Chiron Noire, celebrating the 1936 Bugatti Type 57SC Coupé --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron The car is named after the Monegasque driver Louis Chiron. The car shares the name with the 1999 Bugatti 18/3 Chiron concept car. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bugatti Chiron Bicocchi received an invoice from the Nardò Technical Center where they said he damaged 1800 meters of guardrail. Bugatti then took charge of the expenditure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nardò Ring The death of Ettore Bugatti in 1947 proved to be the end for the marque, and the death of his son Jean Bugatti in 1939 ensured there was not a successor to lead the factory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Smallest of the three was a "Type 13" with a racing body (constructed by Bugatti themselves) and using a chassis with a 2,000 mm (78.7 in) wheelbase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti The company also enjoyed great success in early Grand Prix motor racing: in 1929 a privately entered Bugatti won the first ever Monaco Grand Prix. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti In the 1930s, Ettore Bugatti got involved in the creation of a racer airplane, hoping to beat the Germans in the Deutsch de la Meurthe prize. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti It was designed by Belgian engineer Louis de Monge who had already applied Bugatti Brescia engines in his "Type 7.5" lifting body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti The death of Ettore Bugatti's son, Jean Bugatti, on 11 August 1939 marked a turning point in the company's fortunes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti The company attempted a comeback under Roland Bugatti in the mid-1950s with the mid-engined Type 251 race car. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Bugatti continued manufacturing airplane parts and was sold to Hispano-Suiza, also a former auto maker turned aircraft supplier, in 1963. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. began assembling its first regular-production vehicle, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 (the 1001 PS super car with an 8-litre W-16 engine with four turbochargers) in September 2005 at the Bugatti Molsheim, France assembly "studio". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti The company also enjoyed great success in early Grand Prix motor racing: in 1929 a privately entered Bugatti won the first ever Monaco Grand Prix. Racing success culminated with driver Jean-Pierre Wimille winning the 24 hours of Le Mans twice (in 1937 with Robert Benoist and 1939 with Pierre Veyron). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Bugatti cars were extremely successful in racing. The little Bugatti Type 10 swept the top four positions at its first race. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti In the 1930s, Ettore Bugatti got involved in the creation of a racer airplane, hoping to beat the Germans in the Deutsch de la Meurthe prize. This would be the Bugatti 100P, which never flew. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti This would be the Bugatti 100P, which never flew. It was designed by Belgian engineer Louis de Monge who had already applied Bugatti Brescia engines in his "Type 7.5" lifting body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti He famously described his arch competitor Bentley's cars as "the world's fastest lorries" for focusing on durability. According to Bugatti, "weight was the enemy". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Five days later Bugatti's speed record was confirmed: "Following a thorough review conducted with a number of external experts, Guinness World Records is pleased to announce the confirmation of Bugatti's record of Fastest production car achieved by the Veyron 16.4 Super Sport. The focus of the review was with respect to what may constitute a modification to a car's standard specification. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Production car speed record The 18/3 Chiron's W18 engine is composed of three banks of six cylinders with a sixty degree offset between each cylinder bank. In contrast, the W16 engine in Bugatti Automobile's first production car, the 2005 Veyron EB 16.4 features a four-bank configuration of four cylinders each, totalling sixteen cylinders. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti 18/3 Chiron The company purchased the 1856 Château Saint Jean, formerly Ettore Bugatti's guest house in Dorlisheim, near Molsheim, and began refurbishing it to serve as the company's headquarters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The newly formed Rimac Group will be a major shareholder with 55% stake in Bugatti Rimac, while Porsche AG will hold 45 % stake as well as 24% stake in Rimac Group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles Production would require new facilities in Molsheim, France, to be refitted, which pushed back potential deliveries until 2015.In 2013, it was announced that the car will never be produced as they wish to focus on a Veyron replacement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The La Voiture Noire (The Black Car) was a special edition car built and sold by Bugatti in 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The experimental vehicle does not represent a show car or a study but a compressed and ready-to-drive extract of all Bugatti's technical knowledge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles Since January 1, 2018, the company has been led by Stephan Winkelmann as President. In late 2021 the company will be acquired by the newly formed Bugatti Rimac company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles In September 2020, it was announced that Volkswagen was preparing to sell its Bugatti luxury brand. Talks were underway with the Croatian company Rimac Automobili. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles In January 2021, Bugatti announced that it had increased its operating profit for the third year in a row. This marked the most successful year in the company's history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles Volkswagen designed the final Bugatti concept, the EB 18/4 GT in house. Bugatti introduced the EB 18/4 at the 1999 Tokyo Motor Show. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The presentation was only for Bugatti customers. The car show in Molsheim showed the car in blue carbon fibre and aluminum parts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The top speed is 420 km/h. Bugatti is the only automaker to build a W16 engine that produces over 1,500 hp. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles The vehicle was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show. In July 2019, Bugatti built the 200th Chiron, as "110 ans Bugatti". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Automobiles In May 1998, Volkswagen AG acquired the rights to use the Bugatti logo and the trade name Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. To succeed the EB 110 model produced under the previous ownership, the automaker quickly released a series of concept cars whose technological advancements would culminate in the form of the Veyron 16.4. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron The EB 18/4 Veyron was a mid-engine sports car styled in-house under the direction of Hartmut Warkuß. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron It uses special Michelin PAX run-flat tyres, designed specifically to accommodate the Veyron's top speed, and cost US$25,000 per set. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron On 10 April 2013, it was written on its website: "Guinness World Records would like to confirm that Bugatti's record has not been disqualified; the record category is currently under review." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron In 2013, Bugatti produced a series of Vitesse dedicated to racing legends, including Jean-Pierre Wimille Jean Bugatti, Meo Costantini, and Ettore Bugatti. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron A Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport Vitesse driven by the Chinese racing driver Anthony Liu at Volkswagen Group's proving grounds in Ehra-Lessien became the fastest open-top production sports car, with a top speed of 408.84 km/h --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron The fact that we have succeeded in reaching 408.84 km/h is a thrill for me, and it reaffirms once again that Bugatti is the leader when it comes to technology in the international automotive industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron All three former presenters of the popular BBC motoring show Top Gear have given the Veyron considerable praise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron While initially skeptical that the Veyron would ever be produced, Jeremy Clarkson later declared the Veyron "the greatest car ever made and the greatest car we will ever see in our lifetime", comparing it to Concorde and S.S. Great Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron While the F1 was quicker off the line and remained ahead until both cars were travelling at approximately 200 km/h, the Bugatti overtook its competitor from 200 to 300 km/h and emerged the victor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron A replacement transmission for the Veyron costs just over US$120,000. It also has permanent all-wheel drive using the Haldex Traction system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron May responded that the Veyron was very controlled, and only wobbled slightly when the air brake deployed. The car's normal top speed is listed at 343 km/h (213 mph). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron On 15 April 2013 Bugatti's speed record was confirmed: "Following a thorough review conducted with a number of external experts, Guinness World Records is pleased to announce the confirmation of Bugatti's record of Fastest production car achieved by the Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. The focus of the review was with respect to what may constitute a modification to a car's standard specification. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron He noted that the production cost of a Veyron was GB£5 million, but was sold to customers for just GB£1 million. Volkswagen designed the car merely as a technical exercise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron But after driving it he called it "a huge achievement". Murray was impressed with the Veyron's engine and transmission after he test drove one for Road & Track magazine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Veyron Archived from the original on 30 July 2013. Retrieved 25 August 2009."Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport revealed". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines The main carry over component from the Veyron is the 7,993 cc (8.0 L) quad-turbocharged W16 engine, though it is heavily updated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron Introduced in February 2019, the 110 Ans Bugatti is a limited edition variant of the Chiron Sport developed to celebrate 110 years of Bugatti. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron On 3 March 2020, Bugatti introduced the Chiron Pur Sport, a handling-focused model which will be limited to 60 units. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron Bugatti also added an extra livery to the Chiron on display to confirm that it was the same car that broke the 0–400–0 km/h record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron During the show, Bugatti also mentioned that during the run, the car accelerated from 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 2.4 seconds, --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron The car was test driven by Andy Wallace, Bugatti's official test driver, at Volkswagen's Ehra-Lessien test track. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron The Bugatti Chiron is a mid-engine two-seater sports car designed and developed in Germany by Bugatti Engineering GmbH and manufactured in Molsheim, France by French automobile manufacturer Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. The successor to the Bugatti Veyron, the Chiron was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show on 1 March 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron Without the limiter, Bugatti claims that the car can attain a maximum speed in excess of 483 km/h (300 mph). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron (300 mph). Bugatti will also prepare the cars of owners who want to take the car to its full potential at the Ehra-Lessien test track. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bugatti Chiron The death of Ettore Bugatti in 1947 proved to be the end for the marque, and the death of his son Jean Bugatti in 1939 ensured there was not a successor to lead the factory. No more than about 8,000 cars were made. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti The little Bugatti Type 10 swept the top four positions at its first race. The 1924 Bugatti Type 35 is one of the most successful racing cars. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Louis Chiron held the most podiums in Bugatti cars, and the modern marque revival Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. named the 1999 Bugatti 18/3 Chiron concept car in his honour. But it was the final racing success at Le Mans that is most remembered—Jean-Pierre Wimille and Pierre Veyron won the 1939 race with just one car and meagre resources. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Bugatti continued manufacturing airplane parts and was sold to Hispano-Suiza, also a former auto maker turned aircraft supplier, in 1963. Snecma took over Hispano-Suiza in 1968. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Poor economic conditions forced the company to fail and operations ceased in September 1995. A model specific to the US market called the "Bugatti America" was in the preparatory stages when the company ceased operations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S. began assembling its first regular-production vehicle, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 (the 1001 PS super car with an 8-litre W-16 engine with four turbochargers) in September 2005 at the Bugatti Molsheim, France assembly "studio". On 23 February 2015, Bugatti sold its last Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse, which was named La Finale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Bugatti built 30 Super Sports (5 of them named World Record Edition). At the time the record was set it was known that the customer cars were electronically limited to 415 km/ --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Production car speed record In the 1980s the Bugatti brand was brought back as Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. in Italy. The company produced the EB110 in the 1990s, which put Bugatti back on the modern super-car scene. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles The company produced the EB110 in the 1990s, which put Bugatti back on the modern super-car scene. The company was then bought by Volkswagen at the end of the 20th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles The EB 16/4 Veyron has an 8.0-liter engine with four turbochargers. It reached a top speed of 407 km/h. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles Finally, production began in September 2005, and annual production was increased to 70 units due to long waiting times. On June 26, 2010, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport set the world speed record for road-legal production sports cars with a top speed of 431.072 km/h. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles On June 26, 2010, the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Super Sport set the world speed record for road-legal production sports cars with a top speed of 431.072 km/h. In August of the same year, this vehicle with 882 kW (1,200 hp) was presented for the first time in Pebble Beach (U.S.). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles In November 2018, Lego collaborated with Bugatti to design a 1:1 scale Chiron made of Lego bricks. The Lego Technic Chiron produces 5.3 horsepower and travels at speeds of up to 20 mph. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti is ringing in its 110th anniversary in 2019 with the unique "110ans" edition of the Chiron Sport. The hypercar adorns the Tricolore inside and out as a nod to France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles Limited to 20 units, the edition is dedicated to Bugatti's legendary pilots and works drivers. Each vehicle costs 2.88 million euros net. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles In July 2018, Bugatti announced that it would build the Divo hypercar, limited to 40 units. The cars, at a net unit price of €5 million, were sold within days. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles The La Voiture Noire (The Black Car) was a special edition car built and sold by Bugatti in 2019. It was presented at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles It was presented at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show. The car pays homage to the legendary 'missing' Bugatti Type 57 SC Atlantic of Jean Bugatti. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles (186 mph) in 13.1 seconds, with the top speed, electronically capped at 380 km/h (240 mph). Visually, its wedge shape is based on the EB 110. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles Visually, its wedge shape is based on the EB 110. The small series, limited to ten vehicles at a unit price of eight million euros, was sold immediately. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles In 2019, the French manufacturer will unveil the titanium brake caliper, the largest printed titanium component in the world. Bugatti digitally unveiled the Bolide in October 2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles Bugatti digitally unveiled the Bolide in October 2020. The experimental vehicle does not represent a show car or a study but a compressed and ready-to-drive extract of all Bugatti's technical knowledge. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles The partner was Groupe Schumacher, founded in 1947 and specializing in supercars and hypercars. In the same month, Bugatti reported that 250 vehicles of the Chiron had now been built, exactly half the planned number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Automobiles The Grand Sport edition was limited to 150 units, with the first 50 going exclusively to registered Bugatti customers. Production began in the second quarter of 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Veyron The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 Grand Sport Vitesse is a targa top version of the Veyron Super Sport. The engine in the Vitesse variant has a maximum power output of 1,200 PS (883 kW; 1,184 bhp) at 6,400 rpm and a maximum torque of 1,500 N⋅m (1,100 lb⋅ft) at 3,000–5,000 rpm. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Veyron Still, we could not let go of the idea of reaching the 400 km/h mark with this car as well. The fact that we have succeeded in reaching 408.84 km/h is a thrill for me, and it reaffirms once again that Bugatti is the leader when it comes to technology in the international automotive industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Veyron As of 6 August 2014, 405 cars have been produced and delivered to customers worldwide, with orders that have already been placed for another 30. Bugatti was reported to produce 300 coupés and 150 roadsters up to the end of 2015. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Veyron The standard version of the 300+ world record car. Unlike the 300+, it does not come with interior stiffening and has more leather in the interior like a typical Bugatti Chiron. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bugatti Chiron
2038.	Q: Do people celebrate with jack o lanterns in Quebec, Canada? Title = 2016-10 Halloween Jack-o-lantern Description = A: yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Quebec, Old Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec sovereignty movement, Canadians, Canada, Quebec Nordiques, Quebec County, Quebec, Order of Canada, Indigenous peoples in Canada, List of postal codes of Canada: T, Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian Armed Forces, Prime Minister of Canada, Laval, Quebec, .quebec, National Assembly of Quebec, Monarchy of Canada, Métis, National Order of Quebec Toggle details	In other words, while the Quebec people vote to stay within Canada, France will officially support the Canadian Confederation the way it is. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Quebec sovereignty movement Prior to this, Ontario and Quebec were united as the Province of Canada. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Provinces and territories of Canada They argue that no annexation of them or their territory to an independent Quebec should take place without their consent, and that if Quebec has the right to leave Canada then the Cree people have the right to choose to keep their territory in Canada. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec universities are among the least expensive in Canada. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Quebec In Quebec, a lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Quebec In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Quebec Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Canada Around 16,500 years ago, the glaciers began melting, allowing people to move south and east into Canada and beyond. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Indigenous peoples in Canada According to Statistics Canada, there were 531,902 people residing in Quebec City proper in 2016, and 800,296 people in the metropolitan area. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Quebec City In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec This industry employs 68,000 people in several regions of Quebec. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec Though Quebec exports much internationally, Quebec's main economic partner remains the rest of Canada. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec This compares with 5.2% in the province of Quebec, and 5.6% for Canada overall. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec City Cree arguments generally do not claim the right to secede from Canada; rather, the Cree see themselves as a people bound to Canada by treaty (see the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement), and as citizens of Canada. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec sovereignty movement The other nine provinces of Canada have generally been opposed to Quebec sovereignty. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec sovereignty movement Canadians (French: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Canadians Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Quebec County, Quebec In 2016, 587,545 people in Canada self-identified as Métis. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Métis The people and their history continue to be extensively studied, especially by scholars in Canada and the United States. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Métis Between 1534 and 1763, Quebec was called Canada and was the most developed colony in New France. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec From the first people who settled on the lands of Quebec, various ethnocultural groups emerged. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec The economy of Quebec represents 20.36% of the total GDP of Canada. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec Some tried to slow the Grande Hémorragie by redirecting people north, which resulted in the founding of many regions in Quebec (ex. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec Additionally, those in favour Canadian federalism denounce Quebec separation as a 'Balkanization' of Canada. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec sovereignty movement In fact, this proposal did result in an increase in support for a sovereign Quebec: polls at the time showed that people were more likely to support independence if Quebec maintained an economic partnership with Canada. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec sovereignty movement In Axis Powers Hetalia, Canada's nightmare features an independent Quebec. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Quebec sovereignty movement For years after Europeans came to Canada, First Nations people were forbidden to practice their ceremonies. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Indigenous peoples in Canada Its façade presents a pantheon representing significant events and people of the history of Quebec. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec (, sometimes ; French: Québec [kebɛk] (listen)) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec Quebec has 78 members of Parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of Canada. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec Quebec law is made up of the Constitution of Canada, the laws of the Quebec Legislature and the rules related to legislating. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when, back then, it was 28% of the population. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec There are also people in Quebec who will naturally speak using Standard Québécois or Joual, both of which are considered sociolects rather than regional accents. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec "As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec There are 37 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec City and its enclaves. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec City Quebec is the only large city in Canada along with Halifax lacking a public greenhouse. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec City With few exceptions (they) wish to enjoy their right to self-government within Canada, not within a sovereign Quebec. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec sovereignty movement In the event of having to compete against Quebec, rather than support it, Canada could easily maintain its well-established links with the United States to prosper in foreign trade. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec sovereignty movement This feeling is exemplified by the statement — "If Canada is divisible, then so is Quebec" made by federalists in 1995 or "If Quebec can separate from Canada, then we can separate from Quebec". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec sovereignty movement Laurentian people of southern Ontario manufactured the oldest pottery excavated to date in Canada. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Indigenous peoples in Canada Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec would have been a nation of 7 million people stuck between two impenetrable protectionist countries. In the event of having to compete against Quebec, rather than support it, Canada could easily maintain its well-established links with the United States to prosper in foreign trade. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Quebec sovereignty movement In other words, while the Quebec people vote to stay within Canada, France will officially support the Canadian Confederation the way it is. Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Quebec sovereignty movement On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly of Quebec voted unanimously to affirm "that the people of Québec form a nation". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec At the level of the Senate of Canada, Quebec is represented by 24 senators, which are appointed on the advice of the prime minister of Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Quebec also has some jurisdiction over criminal law, but in a limited fashion, since the Parliament of Canada is responsible for criminal law. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Today, Canada is estimated to be home to between 32 and 36 regional French accents, 17 of which can be found in Quebec. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Still today, as French's demographic weight on the continent and in Canada continues to decline, Quebec faces the threat of assimilation. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec English made its first appearance in Quebec in 1760, when the British invaded and conquered Canada (New France). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec In the 2016 census, 1,124,020 people declared having an immigrant language as their mother tongue in Quebec. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Quebec produces most of Canada's hydroelectricity and is the 2nd biggest hydroelectricity producer in the world (2019) --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec In Quebec, a lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. From 30 years of age and onwards, the rate is either increasing or stable. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. The vast majority of couples with or without children are property owners. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec Old Quebec (French: Vieux-Québec) is a historic neighbourhood of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Old Quebec Quebec would have been a nation of 7 million people stuck between two impenetrable protectionist countries. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association as originally proposed would have meant that Quebec would become a politically independent state, but would maintain a formal association with Canada — especially regarding economic affairs. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec sovereignty movement Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec sovereignty movement This led to the formation of the Bloc Québécois in Quebec and the invigoration of the Reform Party of Canada in the West. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Canada Common law prevails everywhere except in Quebec, where civil law predominates. Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Canada Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Quebec County, Quebec The isolation of these peoples in Beringia might have lasted 10,000–20,000 years. Around 16,500 years ago, the glaciers began melting, allowing people to move south and east into Canada and beyond. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Indigenous peoples in Canada To assist the Queen in carrying out her official duties on behalf of Canada, she appoints various people to her Canadian household. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Monarchy of Canada During the early colonial era, the border did not exist between Canada and the British colonies and people moved easily back and forth through the area. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Métis Mixed-race people live throughout Canada and the northern United States but only some in the US identify ethnically and culturally as Métis. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Métis Furthermore, unlike in the rest of Canada, law in Quebec is mixed: private law is exercised under a civil-law system, while public law is exercised under a common-law system. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec The citizens of the Province of Canada are free to divide back into two entities, and while Canada West is renamed Ontario, Canada East is renamed Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec They appear to have been supplanted by the Mohawk people. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec Gradually, the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, who represented the people, came more and more into conflict with the superior authority of the Crown and its appointed representatives. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec To favour Quebec during its Quiet Revolution, Canada, through Lester B. Pearson, adopted a policy of open federalism. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec The provincial GDP in 2010 was C$319,348 billion, making Quebec the second largest economy in Canada. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec About 72% of the maple syrup sold on the international market (and 90% of the maple syrup sold in Canada) originates from Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec Quebec's French-speaking populace has the second largest body of folktales in Canada (the first being First Nations). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec Quebec has 78 members of Parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of Canada. They are elected in federal elections. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec As for French-English bilingualism, 44.5% of people in Quebec state that they are bilingual, that is to say, able to conduct a conversation in both French and English. English made its first appearance in Quebec in 1760, when the British invaded and conquered Canada (New France). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec The economy of Quebec represents 20.36% of the total GDP of Canada. Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec According to Statistics Canada, 94.6% of Quebec City's population spoke French as their mother tongue. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec City According to Statistics Canada, there were 531,902 people residing in Quebec City proper in 2016, and 800,296 people in the metropolitan area. Of the former total, 48.2% were male and 51.8% were female. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec City Also in practice, the term "Federalist" was used to define people who stood with and agreed with confederation in other words agreeing that Quebec should not be an independent country. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec sovereignty movement Moreover, many subscribe to the notion that without appropriately recognizing that the people of Quebec are culturally distinct, Quebec will remain chronically disadvantaged in favour of the English-Canadian majority. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec sovereignty movement During this period, the Estates General of French Canada are organized. The stated objective of these Estates General was to consult the French-Canadian people on their constitutional future. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec sovereignty movement Despite another Conscription Crisis in Quebec in 1944, Canada finished the war with a large army and strong economy. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Canada Around 16,500 years ago, the glaciers began melting, allowing people to move south and east into Canada and beyond. The first inhabitants of North America arrived in Canada at least 14,000 years ago. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Indigenous peoples in Canada Ontario and Quebec have always been the two biggest provinces in Canada, with together over 60% of the population at any given time. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Provinces and territories of Canada Because of the warrant accusations in Canada, Riel saw the United States as a safer territory for himself and the Métis people. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Métis In 1791, the Constitutional Act divides the Province of Quebec into the French-speaking Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the English-speaking Upper Canada (now Ontario). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec These last two came from the splitting of the Province of Canada, and used the old borders of Lower Canada for Quebec, and Upper Canada for Ontario. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec This declaration had a profound effect on Quebec by bolstering the burgeoning modern Quebec sovereignty movement and resulting in a political crisis between France and Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec As for French-English bilingualism, 44.5% of people in Quebec state that they are bilingual, that is to say, able to conduct a conversation in both French and English. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec Quebec is the 2nd most important province for tourism in Canada, receiving 21.5% of tourists' spending (2021) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec Quebec has more than 450 biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies which together employ more than 25,000 people and 10,000 highly qualified researchers. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec The Artis and the Gemini Awards gala recognize the personalities of television and radio industry in Quebec and French Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec They are elected in federal elections. At the level of the Senate of Canada, Quebec is represented by 24 senators, which are appointed on the advice of the prime minister of Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec because of the federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. As of 2011, it employs about 50,000 people in 158 companies. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec These international exchanges contribute to the strength of the Quebec economy, most particularly in terms of employment. About 60% of exports are made to outside of Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec In 1867, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the definite capital of the Dominion of Canada, while Quebec City was confirmed as the capital of the newly created province of Quebec. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec City Separatists and Independentists are generally opposed to some aspects of the federal system in Canada and do not believe it can be reformed in a way that could satisfy the needs of Quebec's French-speaking majority. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec sovereignty movement This loss laid the groundwork for the 1995 referendum, which stated that Quebec should offer a new economic and political partnership to Canada before declaring independence. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec sovereignty movement The data on the questions revealed as follows to the first hard line question of "Do you believe that Quebec should become a country separate from Canada?" --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Quebec sovereignty movement Canadians (French: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Canadians Canada also has a sizeable manufacturing sector centred in southern Ontario and Quebec, with automobiles and aeronautics representing particularly important industries. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Canada Traditional First Nations people consider song and dance to be sacred. For years after Europeans came to Canada, First Nations people were forbidden to practice their ceremonies. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Indigenous peoples in Canada The National Assembly of Quebec (French: Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec is the largest province by area, at 1,542,056 km2 (595,391 sq mi), and the second-largest by population, with 8,164,361 people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly adopted a resolution reaffirming that the people of Quebec form a nation, as well as a motion on May 22, 2008, citing: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec A 2014 report by the Fraser Institute indicated that "Relative to its size, Quebec is the most indebted province in Canada by a wide margin". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The Parliament of Canada also influences Quebec private law, in particular through its power over banks, bankruptcy, marriage, divorce and maritime law. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec constitutional law is governed in large part by the Constitution of Canada, in particular by the Constitution Act of 1867, but also by various acts of the Parliament of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces in that French is the only official and preponderant language, while English predominates in the rest of Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec In Quebec, about 42.6% of the population (3,328,725 people) report knowing both languages; this is the highest proportion of bilinguals in any Canadian province. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec According to the 2016 census, 49.1% of people living in Quebec say they can conduct a conversation in English (English as mother tongue or as a second language). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Wendat (spoken by the Huron-Wendat of the Capitale-Nationale)In the 2016 census, 50,895 people in Quebec said they knew at least one indigenous language. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The Premier of Quebec, Bernard Landry, declared at this unveiling that: Between the Québécois people and the Acadian people, there is more than friendship, there is kinship. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Of this number, 76.1% came from Quebec, 12.2% from the rest of Canada, 7.7% from the United States and 4.1% from other countries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Science and technology are key factors in the economic position of Quebec, with more than one million people in Quebec are employed in the science and technology sector. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec From the establishment of Canada in the 16th century up to the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s, the Catholic Church was in charge of the education system of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The archbishop of Quebec, who today is the primate of the Catholic Church of Canada, was once part of the Sovereign Council of New France. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec National Patriots' Day, a statutory holiday in Quebec, celebrates the patriots that fought in the Lower Canada Rebellion against British forces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec In 1867, the Confederation of Canada takes places. The citizens of the Province of Canada are free to divide back into two entities, and while Canada West is renamed Ontario, Canada East is renamed Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. From the first people who settled on the lands of Quebec, various ethnocultural groups emerged. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec ("Long live free Quebec"). This declaration had a profound effect on Quebec by bolstering the burgeoning modern Quebec sovereignty movement and resulting in a political crisis between France and Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly of Quebec voted unanimously to affirm "that the people of Québec form a nation". In 2004, the illegals donations to Option Canada from the federal government to skew the 1995 referendums results towards the NO vote were discovered. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. According to the Constitution of Canada, each of these two government are responsible for enacting law when it falls under their sphere of competence. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. Finally, if the case is of great importance, it could make its way to the top, to the Supreme Court of Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The Parliament of Canada has authority over the courts it has created itself (ex. Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Demographic weight: Quebec accounts for a little under 23% of the Canadian population. Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when, back then, it was 28% of the population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Each community possesses its own social structure, culture and territorial entity. In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec's economy has undergone tremendous changes over the last decade. Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. The knowledge sector represents about 30.9% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The forest industry has slowed in recent years because of the softwood lumber dispute. This industry employs 68,000 people in several regions of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. Since 2015, it now consumes almost exclusively the crude produced in western Canada and the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The industry provides employment to over 400,000 people. These employees work in the more than 29,000 tourism-related businesses in Quebec, most of which are restaurants or hotels. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec "As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. These sites were designated as being of national historic significance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec is the biggest maple syrup producer on the planet. About 72% of the maple syrup sold on the international market (and 90% of the maple syrup sold in Canada) originates from Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec and New Brunswick are the only Canadian provinces that are members of the Francophonie. Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec According to the Government of Canada, the Government of Quebec, and the Geographical Names Board of Canada, the names of Canadian cities and towns have only one official form. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec City The name "Canada" refers to this settlement. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec City A professional basketball team, the Quebec Kebs, played in National Basketball League of Canada in 2011 but folded before the 2012 season. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec City Quebec is the only large city in Canada along with Halifax lacking a public greenhouse. Nonetheless, outside areas known for their public gardens or landscaping include: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec City Children under five accounted for approximately 4.7% of the resident population of Quebec City. This compares with 5.2% in the province of Quebec, and 5.6% for Canada overall. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec City Supporters of sovereignty for Quebec believe that the current relationship between Quebec and the rest of Canada does not reflect Quebec's best social, political and economic development interests. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement Several attempts at reforming the federal system in Canada have thus far failed because of, particularly, the conflicting interests between Quebec's representatives and the other provincial governments' representatives. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement There is also a degree of resistance throughout Quebec and the rest of Canada to re-opening a constitutional debate, in part because of the nature of these failures—not all of which were the result simply of sovereignists and federalists not getting along. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement While opponents of sovereignty were pleased with their referendum victories, most recognized that there are still deep divides within Quebec and problems with the relationship between Quebec and the rest of Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement Polling data showed that 32% of Quebecers believe that Quebec had enough sovereignty and should remain part of Canada, 28% thought they should separate, and 30% say they believe that Quebec does need greater sovereignty but should remain part of Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement "However, the Supreme Court of Canada has ruled in favour of the legality in partitioning Quebec, determining that Quebec is in fact divisible according to the same logic, legalities, and democratic tests that render Canada divisible. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement In the roleplaying game Trinity there are references made to a separatist Quebec nation who in return for independence helped the then formed 'Confederated States of America' take control of Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement The term "independentist" is preferred by some supporters. Also in practice, the term "Federalist" was used to define people who stood with and agreed with confederation in other words agreeing that Quebec should not be an independent country. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement Supporters of sovereignty for Quebec believe that the current relationship between Quebec and the rest of Canada does not reflect Quebec's best social, political and economic development interests. Moreover, many subscribe to the notion that without appropriately recognizing that the people of Quebec are culturally distinct, Quebec will remain chronically disadvantaged in favour of the English-Canadian majority. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement The reason stated was that if Canada decided to boycott Quebec exports after voting for independence, the new country would have to go through difficult economic times, as the barriers to trade between Canada and the United States were then very high. Quebec would have been a nation of 7 million people stuck between two impenetrable protectionist countries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement René Lévesque developed the idea of sovereignty-association to reduce the fear that an independent Quebec would face tough economic times. In fact, this proposal did result in an increase in support for a sovereign Quebec: polls at the time showed that people were more likely to support independence if Quebec maintained an economic partnership with Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canada Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7 million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canada It is also the fastest growing religion in Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canada Canada's culture draws influences from its broad range of constituent nationalities, and policies that promote a "just society" are constitutionally protected. Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canada Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. Multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments, and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Canada Aboriginal people in Canada first interacted with Europeans around 1000 CE, but prolonged contact came after Europeans established permanent settlements in the 17th and 18th centuries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indigenous peoples in Canada The 2016 Canadian Census enumerated 1,673,780 Aboriginal people in Canada, 4.9% of the country's total population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indigenous peoples in Canada There are more reserves in Canada than there are First Nations, which were ceded multiple reserves by treaty. Aboriginal people currently work in a variety of occupations and may live outside their ancestral homes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indigenous peoples in Canada What distinguishes Métis people from everyone else is that they associate themselves with a culture that is distinctly Métis. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Métis In 2016, 587,545 people in Canada self-identified as Métis. They represented 35.1% of the total Aboriginal population and 1.5% of the total Canadian population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Métis The Métis in the U.S. are fewer in number than the neighboring Métis in Canada. During the early colonial era, the border did not exist between Canada and the British colonies and people moved easily back and forth through the area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Métis Among other things, Quebec is well-known for producing nearly 72% of the world's maple syrup, for its comedy, and for making hockey one of the most popular sports in Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Located in the eastern part of Canada, and (from a historical and political perspective) part of Central Canada, Quebec occupies a territory nearly three times the size of France or Texas, and much closer to the size of Alaska. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1867, the Confederation of Canada takes places. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This eventually resulted in enactment of the Quebec Act of 1774. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This lead to the British North America Act, which created the Dominion of Canada and its four founding provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Furthermore, Canada was not threatened by the enemy, who was an ocean away and uninterested in conquering Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Between 1966 and 1969, the Estates General of French Canada confirmed the state of Quebec to be the nation's fundamental political milieu and for it to have the right to self-determination. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Today, Quebec is still subservient to this 1982 constitution despite never having officially consented to it. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1995, in a political spirit influenced by the Commission on the Political and Constitutional Future of Quebec, Jacques Parizeau and his government called a referendum on Quebec's independence from Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is the legislative body of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Parliament of Canada has authority over the courts it has created itself (ex. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This dramatically increased the number of English speakers in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The multimedia sector is also dominated by the province of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec About 60% of exports are made to outside of Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec produces the vast majority of the hydroelectricity in Canada and is, on its own, one of the main hydroelectricity producers of the world, behind only China, Brazil and the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec From the beginning of Canada, and throughout French-Canadian history, catholicism and the Catholic Church have played a preponderant role in the social and political development of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec It was chosen because it blooms around the time of Quebec's Fête nationale. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec From the mid 1800s to the Great Depression, Quebec experienced the Grande Hémorragie ("Great Hemorrhaging"), a massive emigration of 900,000 people from Quebec to New England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1534, Quebec's coasts off the Saint Lawrence River and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence are explored and claimed as French territory by Jacques Cartier. This new land is called Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Gradually, the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, who represented the people, came more and more into conflict with the superior authority of the Crown and its appointed representatives. Starting in 1791, the government of Lower Canada was criticized and contested by the Parti canadien. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec To favour Quebec during its Quiet Revolution, Canada, through Lester B. Pearson, adopted a policy of open federalism. In 1966, the Union Nationale was re-elected and continued on with major reforms. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The lieutenant governor represents the Queen of Canada and acts as the province's head of state. Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is the legislative body of Quebec. It is made up of the lieutenant governor (representative of the Crown) and an elective chamber bearing the name of the National Assembly (representative of the people). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 2012, the annual cost for postsecondary tuition was CA$2,168 (€1,700)—less than half of Canada's average tuition. Quebec universities are among the least expensive in Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec However, because private law is mostly exercised under a civil tradition, case law is also a strong source. Quebec law is made up of the Constitution of Canada, the laws of the Quebec Legislature and the rules related to legislating. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec administrative law is the area of law that governs relations between individuals and the Quebec public administration. Quebec also has some jurisdiction over criminal law, but in a limited fashion, since the Parliament of Canada is responsible for criminal law. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. As of 2019, most international immigrants come from China, India or France. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec English made its first appearance in Quebec in 1760, when the British invaded and conquered Canada (New France). Shortly afterwards, the first English and Scottish merchants came to settle in the cities of Québec City and Montreal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. However, because federal law only recognized children of indigenous fathers until the 1980s, the actual number may be higher. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec is one of North America's leading high-tech players. This vast sector encompassing approximately 7,300 businesses and employ more than 145,000 people. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Protestantism, a practice consisting of reformed catholicism, has been present in Quebec for a long time. From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. Huguenots have been identified in almost all classes of society: settlers, fishermen, daughters of the king, etc. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. In 1987 and 2008, the Francophonie Summit, the annual meeting of heads of states from member states of the Francophonie, took place in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Some tried to slow the Grande Hémorragie by redirecting people north, which resulted in the founding of many regions in Quebec (ex. Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Val-d'Or, etc.) but also in Northeastern Ontario. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Algonquian people had originally named the area Kébec, an Algonquin word meaning "where the river narrows", because the Saint Lawrence River narrows proximate to the promontory of Quebec and its Cape Diamant. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City From 1841 to 1867, the capital of the Province of Canada rotated between Kingston, Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa and Quebec City (from 1852 to 1856 and from 1859 to 1866). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City Before the Royal Military College of Canada was established in 1876, the only French-speaking officer training school was the Quebec City School of Military Instruction, founded in 1864. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City In 2016, 20.6% of the resident population in Quebec City was of retirement age (65 and over for males and females) compared with 16.9% in Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City On 29 January 2017, a university student shot and killed six people with another 17 injured in a mass shooting at the Quebec Islamic Cultural Centre. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City The name "Canada" refers to this settlement. Although the Acadian settlement at Port-Royal was established three years earlier, Quebec came to be known as the cradle of North America's Francophone population. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the French Company of One Hundred Associates. In 1665, there were 550 people in 70 houses living in the city. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City It is the first church in the New World to be raised to a basilica and is the primatial church of Canada. There are 37 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec City and its enclaves. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City In practice, "separatist" and "sovereignist" are terms used to describe individuals wanting the province of Quebec to separate from Canada to become a country of its own; supporters of the movement generally prefer the latter term. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Proponents of the sovereignty movement sometimes suggest that many people in Quebec feel "bad" for believing the constitutional promises that the federal government and Pierre Trudeau made just before the 1980 Quebec referendum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement The type of association between an independent Quebec and the rest of Canada was described as a monetary and customs union as well as joint political institutions to administer the relations between the two countries. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement The reason stated was that if Canada decided to boycott Quebec exports after voting for independence, the new country would have to go through difficult economic times, as the barriers to trade between Canada and the United States were then very high. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement This line of politics led the outspoken Yvon Deschamps to proclaim that what Quebecers want is an independent Quebec inside a strong Canada, thereby comparing the sovereignist movement to a spoiled child that has everything it could desire and still wants more. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Long live Quebec!") and unfurling a banner depicting Sherman as a beaver. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement In practice, "separatist" and "sovereignist" are terms used to describe individuals wanting the province of Quebec to separate from Canada to become a country of its own; supporters of the movement generally prefer the latter term. The term "independentist" is preferred by some supporters. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement This feeling is exemplified by the statement — "If Canada is divisible, then so is Quebec" made by federalists in 1995 or "If Quebec can separate from Canada, then we can separate from Quebec". In contemporary times most mainstream political parties in Quebec deny or refuse to comment on the idea that Quebec can be divided up. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement The French Foreign Office motto concerning Quebec's national question is "non-ingérence et non-indifférence" ("no interference and no indifference"), which epitomizes the official position of the French State. In other words, while the Quebec people vote to stay within Canada, France will officially support the Canadian Confederation the way it is. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. This changed back to the view of the French Foreign Office under Sarkozy's successor, François Hollande. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4 percent. In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canada Common law prevails everywhere except in Quebec, where civil law predominates. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canada Canada has a large number of Universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canada Attempts to accommodate Quebec nationalism constitutionally through the Meech Lake Accord failed in 1990. This led to the formation of the Bloc Québécois in Quebec and the invigoration of the Reform Party of Canada in the West. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Canada Missionary work directed at the Aboriginal people of Canada had been ongoing since the first missionaries arrived in the 1600s, generally from France, some of whom were martyred (Jesuit saints called the "Canadian Martyrs"). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indigenous peoples in Canada The introduction of pottery distinguishes the Woodland culture from the earlier Archaic stage inhabitants. Laurentian people of southern Ontario manufactured the oldest pottery excavated to date in Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indigenous peoples in Canada Traditionally, Indigenous peoples used the materials at hand to make their instruments for centuries before Europeans immigrated to Canada. First Nations people made gourds and animal horns into rattles, which were elaborately carved and brightly painted. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indigenous peoples in Canada The second reduction, in 1927, occurred when a boundary dispute between Canada and the Dominion of Newfoundland saw Labrador increased at Quebec's expense—this land returned to Canada, as part of the province of Newfoundland, in 1949. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Provinces and territories of Canada Ontario and Quebec have always been the two biggest provinces in Canada, with together over 60% of the population at any given time. The population of the West relative to Canada as a whole has steadily grown over time, while that of Atlantic Canada has declined. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Provinces and territories of Canada Prior to this, Ontario and Quebec were united as the Province of Canada. Over the following years, Manitoba (1870), British Columbia (1871), and Prince Edward Island (1873) were added as provinces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Provinces and territories of Canada Members of the National Assembly (MNAs) swear two oaths: one to the Canadian monarch as Quebec's head of state, and a second one to the people of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National Assembly of Quebec Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. Legislators are called MNAs (Members of the National Assembly; French: députés). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National Assembly of Quebec The ruling was upheld by the Quebec Court of Appeal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Monarchy of Canada Canada ... according to their respective laws and customs". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Monarchy of Canada While people of Métis culture or heritage are found across Canada, the traditional Métis "homeland" (areas where Métis populations and culture developed as a distinct ethnicity historically) includes much of the Canadian Prairies. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Métis There is no comprehensive legal definition of Métis status in Canada; this is in contrast to the Indian Act, which creates an Indian Register for all (Status) First Nations people. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Métis It is currently the oldest flag made in Canada that is still in use. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Métis Canadian Métis represent the majority of people who identify as Métis, although there are a number of Métis in the United States. In Canada, the population is 587,545 with 20.5 percent living in Ontario and 19.5 percent in Alberta. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Métis Papers at the conference focused on "becoming Métis" and the role of history in formation of this ethnic group, defined in Canada as having Aboriginal status. The people and their history continue to be extensively studied, especially by scholars in Canada and the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Métis Following the Seven Years' War, however, Quebec became a British colony in the British Empire: first as the Province of Quebec (1763–1791), then Lower Canada (1791–1841), and lastly Canada East (1841–1867), as a result of the Lower Canada Rebellion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In general, the climate of Quebec is cold and humid. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec From 1837 to 1838, the Lower Canada Rebellion occurs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Lower Canada is renamed Canada East and Upper Canada is renamed Canada West. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec This extends the borders of Quebec northward all the way to the Hudson Strait. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Their actions resulted in rebellions in both Lower and Upper Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 1866, the Civil Code of Lower Canada was adopted. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec When World War I broke out, Canada was automatically involved as a Dominion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec During the 2011 Canadian federal elections, the people of Quebec rejected the sovereignist Bloc Quebecois in favour of the federalist and previously minor New Democratic Party (NDP). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec was the last province to abolish its legislative council. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec is a member state of the Canadian federation, as such, its leader is Elizabeth II, who is the incarnation of the Crown of Canada and holder of the government and executive power in the province of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec's national policy covers all areas relating to the Quebec nation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec , Quebec defines itself as a free and democratic state of law. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec possesses a network of three offices, each lead by one station chief, for representing itself and defending its interests in Canada: one in Moncton (for Atlantic Canada), one in Toronto (for Ontario and Western Canada) and one in Ottawa (for the federal government). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec English is not an official language in Quebec law. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec By having ties severed with France, the French spoken in Quebec definitively separated from the French spoken in metropolitan France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Efforts have been made to preserve the primacy of the French language in Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In the 2016 census, where one could note more than one language as their mother tongue, Quebec had 1,171,045 people (14.5% of the population) who reported a mother tongue that was neither French nor English, and 1,060,830 people (13.2% of the population) who did not declare French or English as a mother tongue at all. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Most visible minorities in Quebec live in or near Montreal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec (Stadaconé, today, the city of Quebec), in 1534. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec houses an Acadian community spread out across several regions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec has an advanced, market-based, and open economy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec As of 2011, it employs about 50,000 people in 158 companies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 2008, Québécois exports to other provinces in Canada and abroad totaled 157.3 billion CND$, or 51.8% of Quebec's gross domestic product (GDP). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec However, only 40% of the mineral potential of Quebec is currently known. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Because of this, Quebec has been described as a potential clean energy superpower. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec It is estimated that, in 2010, Quebec welcomed 25.8 million tourists. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec From Quebec's musical repertoire, the song A La Claire Fontaine was the anthem of the New France, Patriots and French Canadian, then replaced by O Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Theatre in Montreal, the Trident Theatre in Quebec City, etc. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Mavis Gallant, born in Quebec, lived in Paris from the 1950s onward. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Today there are over 700 different cheeses in Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Sports in Quebec constitutes an essential dimension of Quebec culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec is often said to possess the most beautiful churches in North America. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Finally, the Great Seal of Quebec is used to authenticate documents issued by the governmnent of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Festivities occur on June 23 and 24 all over Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec and the UK currently share the same head of state. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec He then quickly lost the following election, which established Jacques Parizeau as the new Premier. In 1995, in a political spirit influenced by the Commission on the Political and Constitutional Future of Quebec, Jacques Parizeau and his government called a referendum on Quebec's independence from Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec During the 2011 Canadian federal elections, the people of Quebec rejected the sovereignist Bloc Quebecois in favour of the federalist and previously minor New Democratic Party (NDP). It is thought that this occurred mostly because of dissatisfaction with the Bloc. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec , Quebec defines itself as a free and democratic state of law. On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly adopted a resolution reaffirming that the people of Quebec form a nation, as well as a motion on May 22, 2008, citing: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec constitutional law is the area of law that governs the rules surrounding the Quebec government, the Parliament of Quebec and Quebec's various courts. Quebec constitutional law is governed in large part by the Constitution of Canada, in particular by the Constitution Act of 1867, but also by various acts of the Parliament of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec United States (1,73), New Zealand (1,75), Sweden (1,70), England (1,65), etc.) than other industrialised regions'. In Quebec, a lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces in that French is the only official and preponderant language, while English predominates in the rest of Canada. French is the common language, understood and spoken by 94.46% of the population. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Finally, there are 2 accents that cross provincial borders: the accents of Outaouais-Eastern Ontario (Outaouais) and Témiscouata-Madawaska (Brayon). There are also people in Quebec who will naturally speak using Standard Québécois or Joual, both of which are considered sociolects rather than regional accents. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec After the conquest of 1759, this reality became more brutal for Quebec, which now had to avoid assimilation by the British Empire's regime and survive culturally as well as linguistically. Still today, as French's demographic weight on the continent and in Canada continues to decline, Quebec faces the threat of assimilation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Wendat (spoken by the Huron-Wendat of the Capitale-Nationale)In the 2016 census, 50,895 people in Quebec said they knew at least one indigenous language. Furthermore, 45,570 people declared having an aboriginal language as their mother tongue. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Additionally, 1,195 people who did not have an aboriginal language as their mother tongue reported using an aboriginal language most often at home. In Quebec, most indigenous languages are currently transmitted quite well from one generation to the next with a mother tongue retention rate of 92%.Immigrant languages --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec's economy has traditionally been fuelled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and average productivity. The provincial GDP in 2010 was C$319,348 billion, making Quebec the second largest economy in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec About 60,000 people currently work in computer software development; approximately 12,900 work in over 110 such companies as IBM, CMC, and Matrox. The multimedia sector is also dominated by the province of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec It is estimated that, in 2010, Quebec welcomed 25.8 million tourists. Of this number, 76.1% came from Quebec, 12.2% from the rest of Canada, 7.7% from the United States and 4.1% from other countries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The education system of Quebec differs from those of other Canadian provinces. From the establishment of Canada in the 16th century up to the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s, the Catholic Church was in charge of the education system of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Cinémathèque québécoise has a mandate to promote the film and television heritage of Quebec. Similarly, the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), a federal Crown corporation, provides for the same mission in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Theatre in Montreal, the Trident Theatre in Quebec City, etc. The National Theatre School of Canada and the Conservatoire de musique et d'art dramatique du Québec form the future players. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec About 72% of the maple syrup sold on the international market (and 90% of the maple syrup sold in Canada) originates from Quebec. The province has a long history of developing and perfecting the craft of producing maple syrup, and creating new maple-derived products. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec's French-speaking populace has the second largest body of folktales in Canada (the first being First Nations). The Association Quebecoise des Loisirs Folkloriques is an organization committed to preserving and disseminating Quebec's folklore heritage. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 1658, the apostolic vicariate of Quebec was founded, followed by the Archdiocese of Quebec in 1674. The archbishop of Quebec, who today is the primate of the Catholic Church of Canada, was once part of the Sovereign Council of New France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The area is commonly referred to as "the Old City" or "Quebec's Old City" in English. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Old Quebec The census metropolitan area (CMA) of Quebec City has one of the lowest crime rates in Canada, with 3,193 per 100,000 persons in 2017, only behind Toronto's CMA (3,115). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City Amid fears of another American attack on Quebec City, construction of the Citadelle of Quebec began in 1820. The Americans did not attack Canada after the War of 1812, but the Citadelle continued to house a large British garrison until 1871. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City As of the census of 1790, Montreal surpassed it with 18,000 inhabitants, but Quebec (pop. 14,000) remained the administrative capital of New France. It was then made the capital of Lower Canada by the Constitutional Act of 1791. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City Before the Royal Military College of Canada was established in 1876, the only French-speaking officer training school was the Quebec City School of Military Instruction, founded in 1864. The school was retained at Confederation, in 1867. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City The Quebec Conference on Canadian Confederation was held in the city in 1864. In 1867, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the definite capital of the Dominion of Canada, while Quebec City was confirmed as the capital of the newly created province of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City In Option Québec Lévesque expressly identified the EC as his model for forming a new relationship between sovereign Quebec and the rest of Canada, one that would loosen the political ties while preserving the economic links. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement During this period, the Estates General of French Canada are organized. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement The PQ then began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement The proposal was rejected by 60 percent of the Quebec electorate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement However, the Supreme Court of Canada disagreed when the matter was referred to that body, ruling that the Act is constitutional and, just as Canada is divisible, so is Quebec, a ruling that has significant implications for linguistic and ethnic minorities within Quebec, the bulk of whom have traditionally opposed secession. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada building links with the sovereignist in the 1980s;Sovereignty has very little support among Quebec Anglophones, immigrant communities, and aboriginal First Nations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement There was a feeling amongst the Cree of Northern Quebec, that should the province separate, they would remain part of Canada, and would force the province to return to its pre-1912 boundaries, and re-establish the Ungava district of the Northwest Territories, or a new territory or province created in its place. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement On a later visit to Quebec City she gave a more nuanced position, mentioning a Parliamentary motion recognizing the Québécois as a nation, but also describing 400 years of oppression and resistance of francophones in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement In the mid-1980s, a second movie, Quebec-Canada 1995, depicts a meeting between the president of Quebec and the prime minister of Canada to discuss a crisis involving Quebec military occupations of parts of Ontario and New Brunswick. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Since the United States organized this separation to weaken Anglophone Canada (and the UK by extension) and to aid in the post-war occupation of Canada, the Republic of Quebec operated as a client state of the United States, rather than being truly independent. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Three days earlier, Bourassa, former minister of federalism, had hurriedly changed his tune: "English Canada must understand that... Quebec is, today and forever, a distinct society, free and able to assume its destiny and its development." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? We have had a constitution since before the American revolution." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Professor Peter Russell has said of Aboriginal peoples in Canada: "(they) are not nations that can be yanked out of Canada against their will by a provincial majority.... With few exceptions (they) wish to enjoy their right to self-government within Canada, not within a sovereign Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement The data on the questions revealed as follows to the first hard line question of "Do you believe that Quebec should become a country separate from Canada?" 34% replied yes, 54% said no, and 13% were unsure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement I do not think that Quebec is divisible. And if ever we were to go there, and end up in that situation, I know the question would be asked. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement And if ever we were to go there, and end up in that situation, I know the question would be asked. "However, the Supreme Court of Canada has ruled in favour of the legality in partitioning Quebec, determining that Quebec is in fact divisible according to the same logic, legalities, and democratic tests that render Canada divisible. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Viva la Quebec!" (Spanish for "Long live Sherman! --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Canada's nationality law closely mirrored that of the United Kingdom. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canadians Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada To accommodate the influx of English-speaking Loyalists in Central Canada, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province of Canada into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected legislative assembly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada Socially democratic programs were also instituted, such as Medicare, the Canada Pension Plan, and Canada Student Loans, though provincial governments, particularly Quebec and Alberta, opposed many of these as incursions into their jurisdictions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada The Bank of Canada is the central bank of the country. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada In common with many other developed countries, Canada is experiencing a cost increase due to a demographic shift towards an older population, with more retirees and fewer people of working age. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada Canada spends about 5.3 percent of its GDP on education. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada The national anthem of Canada, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Théodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony, and was officially adopted in 1980. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands, encompassing a total of 1,525,565 people. The Indigenous population in Canada is growing at almost twice the national rate, and four percent of Canada's population claimed an Indigenous identity in 2006. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada Multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments, and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. However, as a whole, Canada is, in theory, a cultural mosaic—a collection of regional ethnic subcultures. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Canada Their brother, Marian, would follow and also sign with Quebec in the summer of 1981. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Nordiques The following year Quebec chose first again, taking Owen Nolan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Nordiques The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec County, Quebec As of January 2020, 7212 people have been appointed to the Order of Canada, including scientists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes, business people, film stars, benefactors, and others. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Order of Canada In 2007, it was revealed that one of the first ever issued insignia of the Order of Canada, a Medal of Service awarded originally to Quebec historian Gustave Lanctot, was put up for sale via e-mail. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Order of Canada Under the Employment Equity Act, Aboriginal people are a designated group along with women, visible minorities, and persons with disabilities; as such, they are neither a visible minority under the Act or in the view of Statistics Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada In the 20th century the Aboriginal population of Canada increased tenfold. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada The urban Indigenous population is the fastest-growing population segment in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada Index of articles related to Indigenous peoples living in Canada --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada The term Eskimo has pejorative connotations in Canada and Greenland. Indigenous peoples in those areas have replaced the term Eskimo with Inuit, though the Yupik of Alaska and Siberia do not consider themselves Inuit, and ethnographers agree they are a distinct people. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada Laurentian people of southern Ontario manufactured the oldest pottery excavated to date in Canada. They created pointed-bottom beakers decorated by a cord marking technique that involved impressing tooth implements into wet clay. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indigenous peoples in Canada List of areas disputed by Canada and the United States --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Provinces and territories of Canada The Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly known as the British North America Act), created Canada, and also created the provinces of Ontario and Quebec by splitting the old Province of Canada into two, based on the old boundaries of Lower Canada and Upper Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Assembly of Quebec Canada is one of the oldest continuing monarchies in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Monarchy of Canada The sovereign acts as a custodian of the Crown's democratic powers and a representation of the "power of the people above government and political parties". Canada is one of the oldest continuing monarchies in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Monarchy of Canada Métis (; Canadian French: [meˈt͡sɪs], European French: [meˈtis]; Michif: [mɪˈtʃɪf]) people in Canada are specific cultural communities who trace their descent to First Nations and European settlers, primarily the French, in the early decades of the colonisation of Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis In 1869, two years after Canadian Confederacy, the Government of Canada exerted its power over the people living in Rupert's Land after it acquired the land in the mid-19th century from the Hudson's Bay Company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis There have been claims made that such a limitation would result in excluding some of the Maritime, Quebec, and Ontario people who cannot obtain citizenship with the Métis National Council because they believe that having a single indigenous ancestor is enough or they do not fit the resident requirement defined by the federally recognized Métis organizations --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis The Métis in the U.S. are fewer in number than the neighboring Métis in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis Indigenous women often served as interpreters and could introduce their men to their people. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis Geneticists estimate that 50 percent of today's population in Western Canada has some Aboriginal ancestry. Most people with more distant ancestry are not part of the Métis ethnicity or culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Métis The following are some notable appointees into the National Order of Quebec: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Order of Quebec As is the case with Alaska, most of the land in Quebec is very sparsely populated. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Lake Mistassini is the largest natural lake in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The tundra covers more than 24% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The taiga covers about 20% of the total area of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec However, in 1774, the Quebec Act more or less restores the lands back to the size they were before the conquest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec However, the Quebec government does not recognize the ruling of this council, resulting in a boundary dispute. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Starting in 1791, the government of Lower Canada was criticized and contested by the Parti canadien. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1844, the capital of the Province of Canada was moved from Kingston to Montreal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec At this point in time, companies rarely recognized the majority language of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Liberal Party of Quebec then returned to power in April 2014. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Between 2020 and 2021, Quebec took measures to protect itself against the COVID-19 pandemic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The lieutenant governor is the Queen's representative within the State of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec More than 2,500 sites in Quebec today are protected areas. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec It establishes the values and foundations on which Quebec society bases its cohesion and its specificity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Quebec premier is part of the Council of the Federation, which allows it to participate proactively in the federation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Agriculture in Quebec has been subject to agricultural zoning regulations since 1978. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Because of these protests, Quebec's tuition fees remain relatively low today. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec law is the set of laws which are applied on the Québécois territory. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec law can be divided into 2 spheres: private law and public law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Finally, Quebec, like the federal government, has tax law power. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Then, in the middle, there is the Superior Court of Quebec, the general court of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The indigenous communities of Quebec have their own police forces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The RCMP has the power to enforce certain federal laws in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 2013, Statistics Canada had estimated the province's population to be 8,155,334. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec because of the federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is the only Canadian province whose population is mainly Francophone; 6,102,210 people (78.1% of the population) recorded it as their sole native language in the 2011 Census, and 6,249,085 (80.0%) recorded that they spoke it most often at home. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Thus, creating the need for the colonists to "unify their patois" ("unite their dialects") and creating Quebec French. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Anglophones in Quebec have several institutions and infrastructural systems. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Three families of aboriginal languages exist in Quebec, which encompass eleven languages. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Furthermore, 45,570 people declared having an aboriginal language as their mother tongue. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The indigenous peoples of Quebec have inhabited the region for several millennia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The credit rating of Quebec is currently Aa2 according to the Moody's agency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's economy has undergone tremendous changes over the last decade. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The knowledge sector represents about 30.9% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec It accounts for 8% of the Quebec's GDP and generate $19.2 billion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is remarkable for the natural resources of its vast territory. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The vast majority (90.5%) of Quebec's forests are publicly owned. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Quebec forest area covers seven degrees of latitude. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Since 2015, it now consumes almost exclusively the crude produced in western Canada and the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Finally, Quebec is the theatre where many international events take place. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has the most registered electric vehicles of any Canadian province (2019) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec ranks among the world leaders in the field of life science. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The education system of Quebec differs from those of other Canadian provinces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Health and social services in Quebec are integrated within the same administration. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is a free and democratic society that abides by the rule of law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Several movie theatres across Quebec ensure the dissemination of Quebec cinema. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is the biggest maple syrup producer on the planet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has produced beer since the beginning of colonization especially with the emergence of spruce beer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is home to a number of unique holidays and traditions not found anywhere else. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1658, the apostolic vicariate of Quebec was founded, followed by the Archdiocese of Quebec in 1674. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec This was because the English immigrants who came to certain regions of Quebec followed this religion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Iris versicolor, the floral emblem of Quebec since 1999. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The snowy owl, the avian emblem of Quebec since 1987. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec It was selected by the Québécois government to symbolize Quebec's winters and northern climate. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The yellow birch, the tree emblem of Quebec since 1993. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec However, the white admiral was never accepted by the Government of Quebec as an official symbol. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec possesses a network of 32 offices in 18 countries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Many of Quebec's national companies have expanded outside of Quebec for various reasons. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In the realm of litterature and international publishing, the Québec Édition group is a committee created by the National Association of Book Editors dedicated to the international influence of French-language publishings from Quebec and Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec It was, finally, confederated with Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in 1867, beginning the Confederation of Canada. Until the early 1960s, the Catholic Church played a large role in the development of social and cultural institutions in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Located in the eastern part of Canada, and (from a historical and political perspective) part of Central Canada, Quebec occupies a territory nearly three times the size of France or Texas, and much closer to the size of Alaska. As is the case with Alaska, most of the land in Quebec is very sparsely populated. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec After the British officially acquired Canada in 1763, King George III reorganized the constitution of Canada using the Royal Proclamation. From this point on, the Canadiens were subordinated to the government of the British Empire and circumscribed to a region of St. Lawrence valley called the Province of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Private law in Quebec affects all relationships between individuals (natural or juridical persons) and is largely under the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Quebec. The Parliament of Canada also influences Quebec private law, in particular through its power over banks, bankruptcy, marriage, divorce and maritime law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec constitutional law is governed in large part by the Constitution of Canada, in particular by the Constitution Act of 1867, but also by various acts of the Parliament of Quebec. Quebec administrative law is the area of law that governs relations between individuals and the Quebec public administration. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec also has some jurisdiction over criminal law, but in a limited fashion, since the Parliament of Canada is responsible for criminal law. Quebec criminal law nevertheless includes a wide range of offenses (road traffic safety (Code de la sécurité routière), Quebec labour law, etc.). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when, back then, it was 28% of the population. In 2018, Quebec's 3 most populated regions are Montreal (2,029,379), Montérégie (1,554,282) and Capitale-Nationale (745,135). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec A considerable number of Quebec residents consider themselves to be bilingual in French and English. In Quebec, about 42.6% of the population (3,328,725 people) report knowing both languages; this is the highest proportion of bilinguals in any Canadian province. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec French is the official language of Quebec. Québécois French is the most widely used variant. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec These anglophones, sometimes called Anglo-Québécois, constitute the second largest linguistic group in Quebec. In addition, in 2001, roughly 50,000 people (0.7% of the population) considered their mother tongue to be both French and English. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Allophones, on the other hand, are increasing sharply in absolute numbers as well as in percentage. According to the 2016 census, 49.1% of people living in Quebec say they can conduct a conversation in English (English as mother tongue or as a second language). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec According to the 2016 census, 49.1% of people living in Quebec say they can conduct a conversation in English (English as mother tongue or as a second language). As for French-English bilingualism, 44.5% of people in Quebec state that they are bilingual, that is to say, able to conduct a conversation in both French and English. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The monument symbolizes and explains the predominant role that the Acadians and their descendants played in the history of Quebec. The Premier of Quebec, Bernard Landry, declared at this unveiling that: Between the Québécois people and the Acadian people, there is more than friendship, there is kinship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec produces the vast majority of the hydroelectricity in Canada and is, on its own, one of the main hydroelectricity producers of the world, behind only China, Brazil and the United States. Because of this, Quebec has been described as a potential clean energy superpower. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Of this number, 76.1% came from Quebec, 12.2% from the rest of Canada, 7.7% from the United States and 4.1% from other countries. Those from other countries mostly came from France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Mexico or Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has more than 450 biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies which together employ more than 25,000 people and 10,000 highly qualified researchers. Montreal is ranked 4th in North America for the number of jobs in the pharmaceutical sector. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec From the establishment of Canada in the 16th century up to the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s, the Catholic Church was in charge of the education system of Quebec. Today, this education system is administered by the government of Quebec's Ministry of Education and Higher Education. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Montreal's cabarets rose to the forefront of the city's cultural life during the Prohibition era of Canada and the United States in the 1920s. The cabarets radically transformed the artistic scene, greatly influencing the live entertainment industry of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec (free Quebec!) by Armand Vaillancourt in San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1977, the Quebec Parliament declared June 24, the day of La Saint-Jean-Baptiste, to be Quebec's National Holiday. La Saint-Jean-Baptiste, or La St-Jean, honours French Canada's patron saint, John the Baptist. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In 1665, there were 550 people in 70 houses living in the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City It was then made the capital of Lower Canada by the Constitutional Act of 1791. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The Quebec Conference on Canadian Confederation was held in the city in 1864. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The Second Quebec Conference was held in 1944, and was attended by Churchill and Roosevelt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The Parliament Building, the meeting place of the Parliament of Quebec, is also near the Citadelle. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The Orleans Island Bridge links Quebec City with pastoral Orleans Island. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City According to the Government of Canada, the Government of Quebec, and the Geographical Names Board of Canada, the names of Canadian cities and towns have only one official form. Thus, Québec is officially spelled with an accented é in both Canadian English and French. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City It was then made the capital of Lower Canada by the Constitutional Act of 1791. From 1841 to 1867, the capital of the Province of Canada rotated between Kingston, Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa and Quebec City (from 1852 to 1856 and from 1859 to 1866). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City Near the Château Frontenac is Notre-Dame de Québec Cathedral, mother church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec. It is the first church in the New World to be raised to a basilica and is the primatial church of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City In 2016, 20.6% of the resident population in Quebec City was of retirement age (65 and over for males and females) compared with 16.9% in Canada. The median age is 43.3 years of age compared to 41.2 years of age for Canada as a whole. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City Still, eight homicides occurred the following year. On 29 January 2017, a university student shot and killed six people with another 17 injured in a mass shooting at the Quebec Islamic Cultural Centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The first, which occurred in 1980, asked whether Quebeckers wished to open constitutional negotiations with the federal government (and other provinces) for the intended purpose of establishing a "sovereignty-association" pact between the province of Quebec and the rest of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement In 1995, after two failed attempts by the Mulroney government to secure Quebec's ratification of amendments to the constitution, the Parti Québécois held a second referendum, though on this occasion the question was whether one wished for the independence of the province of Quebec from the rest of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec sovereignty is politically opposed to the competing ideology of Canadian federalism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement The historical argument for Quebec independence stems from the region's history, as it was conquered by the British in 1760 and ceded to Great Britain in the 1763 Treaty of Paris; French Canadians in Canada were subsumed by waves of British immigrants. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Another rationale is based on resentment of anti-Quebec sentiment. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Many scholars point to historical events as framing the cause for ongoing support for sovereignty in Quebec, while more contemporary politicians may point to the aftermath of more recent developments like the Canada Act of 1982, --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Tension between the francophone, Catholic population of Quebec and the largely Anglophone, Protestant population of the rest of Canada has been a central theme of Canadian history, shaping the early territorial and cultural divisions of the country that persist to this day. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Nonetheless, the constitution is integral to the political and legal systems used in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement The contemporary sovereignty movement is thought to have originated from the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, although the desire for an independent or autonomous French-Canadian state has periodically arisen throughout Quebec's history, notably during the 1837 Lower Canada Rebellion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement In 1979 the PQ began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement The Quiet Revolution in Quebec brought widespread change in the 1960s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association was proposed to the population of Quebec in the 1980 Quebec referendum. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement At the Royal Commission on the Future of Quebec (also known as the Outaouais Commission) in 1995, the Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada made a presentation in which the party leader, Hardial Bains, recommended to the committee that Quebec declare itself as an independent republic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement The lowest support for Yes side came from Mohawk, Cree and Inuit voters in Quebec, some first Nations chiefs asserted their right to self-determination with the Cree being particularly vocal in their right to stay territories within Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Experts debated whether Quebec was a "distinct society" or "unique culture". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion.” --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement The Cree have stated that a unilateral declaration of independence by Quebec would be a violation of fundamental principles of human rights, democracy and consent. If secession were to proceed, the Cree argue that they would seek protection through the Canadian courts as well as asserting Cree jurisdiction over its people and lands. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement If secession were to proceed, the Cree argue that they would seek protection through the Canadian courts as well as asserting Cree jurisdiction over its people and lands. Professor Peter Russell has said of Aboriginal peoples in Canada: "(they) are not nations that can be yanked out of Canada against their will by a provincial majority.... --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Polling data showed that 32% of Quebecers believe that Quebec had enough sovereignty and should remain part of Canada, 28% thought they should separate, and 30% say they believe that Quebec does need greater sovereignty but should remain part of Canada. However the poll did reveal that a majority (79%) of Quebecers still desired to achieve more autonomy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement There is an undercurrent of feeling amongst "ethnic" and "anglo" voters that sometimes surfaces as a desire to separate from Quebec. This would create a new province of Canada, from the southwestern and southern portions of the province (comprising half of Montreal, parts of the Outaouais, the Eastern Townships). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement In the story, the United States has merged with Canada and Mexico to form the Organization of North American Nations (ONAN). Wheelchair-bound Quebec separatists use a video so entertaining it leads to death to accomplish their goals of both Quebec independence and the end of the ONAN. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement (Spanish for "Long live Sherman! Long live Quebec!") and unfurling a banner depicting Sherman as a beaver. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Canada is a multilingual and multicultural society home to people of groups of many different ethnic, religious, and national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians The Government of Canada has also influenced culture with programs, laws, and institutions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians Buddhism first arrived in Canada when Japanese immigrated during the late 19th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians English and French are recognized by the Constitution of Canada as official languages. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands, encompassing a total of 1,525,565 people. The population of Indigenous peoples in Canada is growing at almost twice the national rate, and four percent of Canada's population claimed an indigenous identity in 2006. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority under the Employment Equity Act, and this is the definition that Statistics Canada also uses. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canadians Indigenous peoples in present-day Canada include the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, the last being a mixed-blood people who originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations people married European settlers and subsequently developed their own identity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada After two referendums, Newfoundlanders voted to join Canada in 1949 as a province. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada In 2019, a total of 341,180 immigrants were admitted to Canada, mainly from Asia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984, and is universal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Additionally, Canada is home to many sign languages, some of which are Indigenous. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Canada is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada The Canadian economy boomed during the war as its industries manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union. Despite another Conscription Crisis in Quebec in 1944, Canada finished the war with a large army and strong economy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada This led to the formation of the Bloc Québécois in Quebec and the invigoration of the Reform Party of Canada in the West. A second referendum followed in 1995, in which sovereignty was rejected by a slimmer margin of 50.6 to 49.4 percent. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada The 2016 Canadian Census enumerated a total population of 35,151,728, an increase of around 5.0 percent over the 2011 figure. Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7 million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Canada In 1984–85, Montreal and Quebec battled for the Adams Division championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Nordiques They picked junior star Eric Lindros, even though he had let it be known well in advance that he would never play for Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Nordiques Over the decades, however, a number of Order of Canada insignia have been put up for sale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Order of Canada As of the 2016 census, Indigenous peoples in Canada totalled 1,673,785 people, or 4.9% of the national population, with 977,230 First Nations people, 587,545 Métis, and 65,025 Inuit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada Native Canadians was often used in Canada to differentiate this American term until the 1980s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada For instance, people who were born or grew up in Calgary may call themselves "Calgary natives," as in they are native to that city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada The term Eskimo has pejorative connotations in Canada and Greenland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada In the 13th century, the Thule culture began arriving in Greenland from what is now Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Government of Canada created the policy, commissioned the Treaty Commissioners and ratified the agreements. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada Those people accepted into band membership under band rules may not be status Indians. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada The five-volume, 4,000-page report covered a vast range of issues; its 440 recommendations called for sweeping changes to the interaction between Aboriginal, non-Aboriginal people and the governments in Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada These culture areas correspond closely with physical and ecological regions of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada For the people of the plains, bison hunting was the primary activity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada Aboriginal people currently work in a variety of occupations and may live outside their ancestral homes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada Canada is surrounded north, east, and west with coastline and since the last ice age, Canada has consisted of distinct forest regions. Language contributes to the identity of a people by influencing social life ways and spiritual practices. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada Aboriginal people in Canada first interacted with Europeans around 1000 CE, but prolonged contact came after Europeans established permanent settlements in the 17th and 18th centuries. European written accounts generally recorded friendliness of the First Nations, who profited in trade with Europeans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples was a Royal Commission undertaken by the Government of Canada in 1991 to address issues of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. It assessed past government policies toward Aboriginal people, such as residential schools, and provided policy recommendations to the government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada The 2016 Canadian Census enumerated 1,673,780 Aboriginal people in Canada, 4.9% of the country's total population. This total includes 977,230 First Nations people, 587,545 Métis, and 65,025 Inuit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indigenous peoples in Canada These upper houses were abolished one by one, Quebec's being the last in 1968. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Provinces and territories of Canada The name was changed at the same time Quebec's upper house was abolished. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Provinces and territories of Canada List of prime ministers of Canada by time in office --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prime Minister of Canada The Constitutional Act 1791 created the Parliament of Lower Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec's territory is divided into 125 electoral districts (ridings). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Assembly of Quebec In Canada's provinces, the monarch in right of each is represented by a lieutenant governor. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Monarchy of Canada The following foreign visits have been made by the monarch as the Sovereign of Canada: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Monarchy of Canada Alberta is the only province in Canada with a recognized Métis Nation land base; the eight Métis Nation Settlements, with a population of approximately 5,000 people on 1.25 million acres (5060 km2). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis At the time, it applied generally to French-speaking people who were of partial ethnic French descent. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis Although Métis existed farther west than today's Manitoba, much less is known about the Métis of Northern Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the Aboriginal People of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis Several local, independent Métis organizations have been founded in Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis The remaining 1,565 people were of predominately European, Canadian or American background. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis He then tried to create an international alliance between the Aboriginal and Metis people, which wasn't a success either. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis It is not clear who has the moral and legal authority to define the word "Métis". There is no comprehensive legal definition of Métis status in Canada; this is in contrast to the Indian Act, which creates an Indian Register for all (Status) First Nations people. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis The red flag was the first flag used. It is currently the oldest flag made in Canada that is still in use. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis During the early colonial era, the border did not exist between Canada and the British colonies and people moved easily back and forth through the area. While the two communities come from the same origins, the Canadian Métis have developed further as an ethnic group than in the U.S. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis He was later accused for the Scott Death, a murder case which was decided without a proper trial and by 1874 there was a warrant out for his arrest in Winnipeg. Because of the warrant accusations in Canada, Riel saw the United States as a safer territory for himself and the Métis people. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis Because of the warrant accusations in Canada, Riel saw the United States as a safer territory for himself and the Métis people. The following years led to Riel running from the Canadian government because of the murder convictions and this is when he spent most of his time in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis In the end his main objective was to simply improve the living conditions and rights of the Métis people in the United States. The failed attempts for Riel to defend the Métis community lead to further mental breakdowns and hospitalization, now in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Métis René Lévesque , 23rd Premier of Quebec, appointed posthumously 2008 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Order of Quebec Quebec is also the home of the Québécois, recognized as a nation by both the provincial and federal governments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec It was, finally, confederated with Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in 1867, beginning the Confederation of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's substantial natural resources, notably exploited in hydroelectricity, forestry, and mining, have also long been a mainstay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Mixed forests provide most of Canada's springtime maple syrup crop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec More than 95% of Quebec's territory lies within the Canadian Shield. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec According to the Köppen climate classification, Quebec has three main climate regions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Sea and semi-aquatic birds seen in Quebec are mostly the Canada goose, the double-crested cormorant, the northern gannet, the European herring gull, the great blue heron, the sandhill crane, the Atlantic puffin and the common loon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Canadian boreal forest covers 27% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Most of Quebec's population lives in this area of vegetation, almost entirely along the banks of the Saint Lawrence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Around this time, instructions are issued to the colony of Newfoundland, requiring them to supervise Labrador's coasts, even though Labrador belongs to the Province of Quebec not Newfoundland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The inland border between the jurisdiction of Lower Canada and Newfoundland remains undefined. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec also has sea borders with Nunavut and France (via Saint Pierre and Miquelon). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec On July 3, 1608, with the support of King Henri IV, he founded the Habitation de Québec (now Quebec City) on Cap Diamant and made it the capital of New France and all of its regions (which, at the time, were Acadia, Canada and Plaisance in Newfoundland). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the Compagnie des Cent-Associés. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1690, the Battle of Quebec became the first time Québec's defenses were tested. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This is referenced in O Canada with the passage: “terre de nos aïeux” ("land of our ancestors"). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec However, its military troops failed to defeat the British counteroffensive during its Invasion of Quebec in 1775. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This drastically reduced the Province of Quebec's size; its southwest borders now ended at the Great Lakes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Lower Canada became the francophone and densely populated Canada East, and Upper Canada became the anglophone and sparsely populated Canada West. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The under-represented political weight of Canada East was quickly called into question by debates on Rep by Pop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec, economically weakened, would have to face political competition from Ottawa, the capital of the strongly centralizing federal state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This helped slow the Grande Hémorragie by allowing Quebec to export its finished products to the US instead of its labour force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Afterwards, in 1910, Armand Lavergne passed the Loi Lavergne, the first language legislation in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The conscription protests grew so much that they eventually led to the Quebec riot of 1918.Following the Balfour declaration at the Imperial Conference of 1926, the Statute of Westminster of 1931 was enacted and it confirmed the autonomy of the Dominions - including Canada and its provinces - from the United Kingdom, as well as their free associaton in the Commonwealth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec During the Second Vatican Council, the reform of Quebec's institutions was overseen and supported by the Holy See. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1974, it enacted Bill 22, which made French the official language of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Before then, Quebec was the only province to de facto practice institutional English-French bilinguilism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In the 1980 referendum on sovereignty-association with Canada, 60% of Québécois voted against. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec During the campaign, Pierre Trudeau had stated that a NO vote was a vote for patriation of Canada's constitution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The lieutenant governor represents the Queen of Canada and acts as the province's head of state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Government of Quebec awards an order of merit called the National Order of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Quebec political spectrum includes - among other dimensions - the theme of the political and constitutional status of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's international policy is founded upon the Gérin-Lajoie doctrine, formulated in 1965. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These standards are as strict as those of California (United States), according to the Government of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The population of Quebec seems to be more sensitive to environmental issues than the population of other Canadian provinces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The economic structure of each of these provinces could be one explanation: "Quebec does not produce petroleum, but mainly hydroelectricity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nearly 500,000 people took part in a climate protest on the streets of Montreal in 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec According to the Constitution of Canada, each of these two government are responsible for enacting law when it falls under their sphere of competence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec administrative law is the area of law that governs relations between individuals and the Quebec public administration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In Canada, there is no division of the judicial system as in many other countries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Finally, if the case is of great importance, it could make its way to the top, to the Supreme Court of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The main Québécois courts are the: Quebec Court of Appeal, Superior Court of Quebec and Court of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec First, it is the general court of appeal for première instance judgements in Quebec Law. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This means that it hears appeals coming from the Superior Court, the Court of Quebec and several administrative courts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Civil division also includes the Small claims court of Quebec, a small claims division. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In total, the Quebec judicial system has more than 500 judges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Demographic weight: Quebec accounts for a little under 23% of the Canadian population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 2016, Quebec's median age was 41.2 years old. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Replacement rates being below 2,1 is a something that is becoming the norm across the world, and is already the norm in industrialised regions like Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Demographic growth: In 2019, Quebec registered the highest rate of population growth since 1972 (when quality data began to be recorded), with an increase of 110,000 people, mostly because of the arrival of a high number of non-permanent residents. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In Quebec, couples where both parents work are far more likely to have children than couples where only one parent works or none of them do. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec From 1996 to 2016, the number of people per household has decreased from an average of 2.5 to 2.25. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec A considerable number of Quebec residents consider themselves to be bilingual in French and English. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Then, Quebec French's evolution was affected by the French court due to the arrival of the King's daughters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The British conquest of 1759 turned the evolution of French in Quebec and North America upside down. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These anglophones, sometimes called Anglo-Québécois, constitute the second largest linguistic group in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The term "allophone" is used to refer to people whose mother tongue is neither French nor English. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec We can distinguish two groups of allophones: people who speak indigenous languages, and those who speak so-called immigrant languages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Additionally, 1,195 people who did not have an aboriginal language as their mother tongue reported using an aboriginal language most often at home. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Almost 9% of the population of Quebec belongs to a visible minority group. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The ten Amerindian ethnic groups in Quebec are linked to two linguistic groups. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Because this extension was enacted without the participation of the federal government, the extended Indigenous rights only exist in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The monument symbolizes and explains the predominant role that the Acadians and their descendants played in the history of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec For the 2017-2018 period, Quebec's budget was C$103,7 billion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's economy has traditionally been fuelled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and average productivity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is one of North America's leading high-tech players. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This vast sector encompassing approximately 7,300 businesses and employ more than 145,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These international exchanges contribute to the strength of the Quebec economy, most particularly in terms of employment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The abundance of natural resources gives Quebec an advantageous position on the world market. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Unlike most other regions of the world, Quebec stands out for its use of renewable energy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec As Quebec has few significant deposits of fossil fuels, all hydrocarbons are imported. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is the 3rd most attractive province for investment from the mining industry (2016) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is in 2nd place for child care services (2019) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is in 8th place for the general performance of its healthcare system (2019) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Overall, the province of Quebec count about 125 scientific publications per 100,000 inhabitants in 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Canadian Space Agency was established in Quebec due to its major role in this research field. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Today, this education system is administered by the government of Quebec's Ministry of Education and Higher Education. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Development and security of land transportation in Canada are provided by Transports Québec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Although primarily intended for the transport of goods through companies such as the Canadian National (CN) and the Canadian Pacific (CP), the Quebec railway network is also used by inter-city passengers via Via Rail Canada and Amtrak. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec possess approximately 140 hospitals for general or specialised care (CHSGS). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has developed its own unique culture from its historic New France roots. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The cabarets radically transformed the artistic scene, greatly influencing the live entertainment industry of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec It supports creation, innovation, production, and international exhibits for all cultural fields of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Government of Quebec cites five statements that represent the key values of Québécois society: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The podorythmie is a characteristic of traditional Quebec music and means giving the rhythm with the feet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Being a modern cosmopolitan society, today, all types of music can be found in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The First Nations and the Inuit of Quebec also have their own traditional music. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Currently, the song Gens du pays is by far preferred by many Quebecers to be the national anthem of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Cinémathèque québécoise has a mandate to promote the film and television heritage of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The first to write the history of Quebec, since its discovery, was the historian François-Xavier Garneau. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The regional novel from Quebec is called Terroir novel and is a literary tradition specific to the province. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Montreal School of Fine Arts forms the painters, printmakers and sculptors of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Association Quebecoise des Loisirs Folkloriques is an organization committed to preserving and disseminating Quebec's folklore heritage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nevertheless, Catholicism still represents the beliefs of 75% of the Quebec population in 2011. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Several holy men and women from Quebec have been recognized for their venerable actions and canonized as saints: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Protestantism, a practice consisting of reformed catholicism, has been present in Quebec for a long time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec During the early French Regime, the number of protestant immigrants was estimated to be 1,450 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Jewish community of today, established mainly on the island of Montreal, now numbers about 120,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Je me souviens ("I remember") was first carved under the coat of arms of Quebec's Parliament Building in 1883. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1998, the Montreal Insectarium sponsored a poll to choose an official insect for Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec When it comes to other countries, Quebec usually has associations for specific countries that it is interested in maintaining relationships with. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has a historied relationship with France as it was a part of the French Empire and both regions share a language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Fédération France-Québec and the francophonie are a few of the tools used for relations between Quebec and France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec, like other Canadian provinces, also maintains representatives in some Canadian embassies and consulates general. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec and New Brunswick are the only Canadian provinces that are members of the Francophonie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The earliest immigrants to the Canadian prairies were French Canadians from Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Most Franco-Albertans, Fransaskois and Franco-Manitobans are descended from these emigrants from Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The world of song in Quebec has a modest size and impact at the international level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The popular and long-running song competition Star Académie has created many celebrities, including some that originate from outside of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Québécois French is the local variety, and there are 17 regional accents deriving from it. Among other things, Quebec is well-known for producing nearly 72% of the world's maple syrup, for its comedy, and for making hockey one of the most popular sports in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The combination of rich and easily arable soils and Quebec's relatively warm climate makes this valley the most prolific agricultural area of Quebec province. Mixed forests provide most of Canada's springtime maple syrup crop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The total forest area of Quebec is estimated at 750,300 km2 (289,700 sq mi). From the Abitibi-Témiscamingue to the North Shore, the forest is composed primarily of conifers such as the Abies balsamea, the jack pine, the white spruce, the black spruce and the tamarack. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1783, the Treaty of Paris cedes the territories south of the Great Lakes to the United States which massively reduces the Province of Quebec's size. In 1791, the Constitutional Act divides the Province of Quebec into the French-speaking Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the English-speaking Upper Canada (now Ontario). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Lower Canada is renamed Canada East and Upper Canada is renamed Canada West. In 1867, the Confederation of Canada takes places. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec On July 1, 1867, negotiations took place for a confederation between the colonies of the Province of Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. This lead to the British North America Act, which created the Dominion of Canada and its four founding provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This lead to the British North America Act, which created the Dominion of Canada and its four founding provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario. These last two came from the splitting of the Province of Canada, and used the old borders of Lower Canada for Quebec, and Upper Canada for Ontario. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec When World War I broke out, Canada was automatically involved as a Dominion. Many Canadians voluntarily enlisted to fight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Furthermore, Canada was not threatened by the enemy, who was an ocean away and uninterested in conquering Canada. So, French Canadians saw no reason to fight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This declaration had a profound effect on Quebec by bolstering the burgeoning modern Quebec sovereignty movement and resulting in a political crisis between France and Canada. Following this, various civilian groups developed and acted, sometimes to the point of confronting public authority, for example, the October crisis of 1970. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Between 1966 and 1969, the Estates General of French Canada confirmed the state of Quebec to be the nation's fundamental political milieu and for it to have the right to self-determination. In the 1980 referendum on sovereignty-association with Canada, 60% of Québécois voted against. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The head of government in Quebec is the premier (called premier ministre in French), who leads the largest party in the unicameral National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) from which the Executive Council of Quebec is appointed. The lieutenant governor represents the Queen of Canada and acts as the province's head of state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec It is made up of the lieutenant governor (representative of the Crown) and an elective chamber bearing the name of the National Assembly (representative of the people). Each legislature has a maximum duration of five years, however, barring exceptions, Quebec now conducts fixed-date elections in October every four years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec A 2014 report by the Fraser Institute indicated that "Relative to its size, Quebec is the most indebted province in Canada by a wide margin". Immigration to Quebec is supported by integration programs favouring French, as it is the common language, as well as the principles of pluralism and interculturalism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec universities are among the least expensive in Canada. Part of the reason for this is the relative democratization of higher education implemented during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, when the Quebec government froze tuition fees to a relatively low level and created CEGEPs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Parliament of Canada also influences Quebec private law, in particular through its power over banks, bankruptcy, marriage, divorce and maritime law. The Droit civil du Québec is the primary component of Quebec's private law and is codified in the Civil Code of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec For offenses against provincial or federal laws in Quebec (including the Criminal Code), the Director of Criminal and Penal Prosecutions is responsible for prosecuting offenders in court through Crown attorneys. The Department of Justice of Canada also has the power to prosecute offenders, but only for offenses against specific federal laws (ex. selling narcotics). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 2013, Statistics Canada had estimated the province's population to be 8,155,334. In the 2016 census, Quebec's population had slightly grown from that estimate to 8,164,361 living in 3,531,663 of its 3,858,943 total dwellings, a 3.3% change from its 2011 population of 7,903,001. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec French is the common language, understood and spoken by 94.46% of the population. Quebec is the only Canadian province whose population is mainly Francophone; 6,102,210 people (78.1% of the population) recorded it as their sole native language in the 2011 Census, and 6,249,085 (80.0%) recorded that they spoke it most often at home. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Furthermore, 45,570 people declared having an aboriginal language as their mother tongue. For 38,995 of them, it was the language most frequently spoken at home. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec For 38,995 of them, it was the language most frequently spoken at home. Additionally, 1,195 people who did not have an aboriginal language as their mother tongue reported using an aboriginal language most often at home. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This industry employs 68,000 people in several regions of Quebec. This industry accounted for 3.1% of Quebec's GDP.The agri-food industry plays an important role in the economy of Quebec, with meat and dairy products being the two main sectors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 2008, Québécois exports to other provinces in Canada and abroad totaled 157.3 billion CND$, or 51.8% of Quebec's gross domestic product (GDP). Of this total, 60.4% were international exports, and 39.6% were interprovincial exports. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Over time, Quebec pivots more and more towards renewable energy; in 2017, 47% of all energy came from renewable sources. Quebec produces the vast majority of the hydroelectricity in Canada and is, on its own, one of the main hydroelectricity producers of the world, behind only China, Brazil and the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Science and technology are key factors in the economic position of Quebec, with more than one million people in Quebec are employed in the science and technology sector. In 2007, the Government of Quebec launched the Stratégie québécoise de la recherche et de l'innovation (SQRI) aiming to promote development through research, science and technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec From Quebec's musical repertoire, the song A La Claire Fontaine was the anthem of the New France, Patriots and French Canadian, then replaced by O Canada. Currently, the song Gens du pays is by far preferred by many Quebecers to be the national anthem of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Similarly, the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), a federal Crown corporation, provides for the same mission in Canada. In a similar way, the Association of Film and Television in Quebec (APFTQ) promotes independent production in film and television. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Many of Quebec's artists have been educated in universities' arts faculties and specialized art schools. Notable schools include the Conservatoire de musique et d'art dramatique du Québec, the École nationale de théâtre du Canada and the École nationale de cirque. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The archbishop of Quebec, who today is the primate of the Catholic Church of Canada, was once part of the Sovereign Council of New France. The extraordinary power that the Catholic Church once had in Quebec is reflected in all areas of culture, from language to the fine arts, theater, literature and film. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec While the first synagogue was established in Montreal in 1777, Jews remained a negligible religious group in Quebec until the early 20th century when a wave of Jewish immigrants settled in Montreal. The Jewish community of today, established mainly on the island of Montreal, now numbers about 120,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. Festivities occur on June 23 and 24 all over Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Old Quebec is serviced by Gare du Palais train and bus station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec Old Quebec is 16 km east of Quebec's Jean Lesage International Airport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec Old Quebec (French: Vieux-Québec) is a historic neighbourhood of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Comprising the Upper Town (French: Haute-Ville) and Lower Town (French: Basse-Ville), the area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec It is the eleventh-largest city and the seventh-largest metropolitan area in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec City is one of the oldest European cities in North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City For example, the concept of "in Quebec" is expressed as "à Québec" for the city and "au Québec" for the province. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the French Company of One Hundred Associates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The defeat of the revolutionaries from the south put an end to the hopes that the peoples of Quebec would rise and join the American Revolution so that Canada would join the Continental Congress and become part of the original United States of America along with the other British colonies of continental North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Amid fears of another American attack on Quebec City, construction of the Citadelle of Quebec began in 1820. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City During World War II, two conferences were held in Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The climate of Quebec City is classified as humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfb).Quebec --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City It is the first church in the New World to be raised to a basilica and is the primatial church of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City This was one of several municipal mergers which took place across Quebec on that date. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Children under five accounted for approximately 4.7% of the resident population of Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The median age is 43.3 years of age compared to 41.2 years of age for Canada as a whole. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City It has now replaced the Colisée Pepsi as the main multifunctional arena in Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Carl Girouard, the arrestee, reportedly killed 2 people and hospitalized 5 others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City List of regional county municipalities and equivalent territories in Quebec --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Until the late 18th century Québec was the most populous city in present-day Canada. As of the census of 1790, Montreal surpassed it with 18,000 inhabitants, but Quebec (pop. 14,000) remained the administrative capital of New France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec City has hosted a number of recent sporting events, as well as being shortlisted for the 2002 Winter Olympics city selection. The Special Olympics Canada National Winter Games was held in the city from 26 February to 1 March 2008. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The Special Olympics Canada National Winter Games was held in the city from 26 February to 1 March 2008. Quebec City co-hosted with Halifax, Nova Scotia, the 2008 IIHF World Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City It has seven league titles, won in 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2017. A professional basketball team, the Quebec Kebs, played in National Basketball League of Canada in 2011 but folded before the 2012 season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City contre les incendies de Québec (fire dept.) The census metropolitan area (CMA) of Quebec City has one of the lowest crime rates in Canada, with 3,193 per 100,000 persons in 2017, only behind Toronto's CMA (3,115). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The census metropolitan area (CMA) of Quebec City has one of the lowest crime rates in Canada, with 3,193 per 100,000 persons in 2017, only behind Toronto's CMA (3,115). Exceptionally, no homicide (defined as a criminal death, deliberate or not) was reported in 2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City However, only eighteen months later, the PQ was defeated by the Liberal Party of Quebec in the 2014 election. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement This was a move to recognize that other provinces represent distinct cultural entities, such as the aboriginal population in Canada's Prairies or the people of Newfoundland (which contains significant and culturally distinct French-Canadian, English-Canadian, Irish-Canadian and Aboriginal cultures- and many more). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Regardless of Quebec government's refusal to approve the 1982 constitutional amendment because the promised reforms were not implemented, the amendment went into effect. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec is, today and forever, a distinct society, free and able to assume its destiny and its development." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Although Quebec independence is a political question, cultural concerns are also at the root of the desire for independence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement If secession were to proceed, the Cree argue that they would seek protection through the Canadian courts as well as asserting Cree jurisdiction over its people and lands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The history of the relations between French-Canadians and English-Canadians in Canada has been marked by periods of tension. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The creation of a political and economic association between this new independent state and Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement An English translation of part of the Sovereignty Bill reads, "We, the people of Quebec, declare it our own will to be in full possession of all the powers of a state; to levy all our taxes, to vote on all our laws, to sign all our treaties and to exercise the highest power of all, conceiving, and controlling, by ourselves, our fundamental law." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The stated objective of these Estates General was to consult the French-Canadian people on their constitutional future. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The 1995 referendum question differed from the 1980 question in that the negotiation of an association with Canada was now optional. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement However, The Innu, Attikamek, Algonquin and Abenaki nations did partially support Quebec sovereignty. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement It is widely considered by sovereignists as an illegitimate piece of legislation, who asserted that Quebec alone had the right to determine its terms of secession. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement However, in the 1995 Quebec referendum, in which the sovereignty option was narrowly rejected, the notion of some form of economic association with the rest of Canada was still envisaged (continuing use of the Canadian dollar and military, for example) and was referred to as "Sovereignty-Partnership" (French: souveraineté-partenariat). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement There is an undercurrent of feeling amongst "ethnic" and "anglo" voters that sometimes surfaces as a desire to separate from Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In contemporary times most mainstream political parties in Quebec deny or refuse to comment on the idea that Quebec can be divided up. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Fédération des travailleurs et travailleuses du Québec (Federation of Quebec workers) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement President Bill Clinton, a guest at the garden party, is called away to deal with Quebec 'getting the bomb'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec is an independent country in the 2090s, although it is not mentioned whether it remained an independent entity or seceded from a Canadian union. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Many scholars point to historical events as framing the cause for ongoing support for sovereignty in Quebec, while more contemporary politicians may point to the aftermath of more recent developments like the Canada Act of 1982, the Meech Lake Accord or the Charlottetown Accord --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Proponents of the sovereignty movement sometimes suggest that many people in Quebec feel "bad" for believing the constitutional promises that the federal government and Pierre Trudeau made just before the 1980 Quebec referendum. Those were not delivered on paper or agreed upon in principle by the federal government or the other provincial governments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The type of association between an independent Quebec and the rest of Canada was described as a monetary and customs union as well as joint political institutions to administer the relations between the two countries. The main inspiration for this project was the then-emerging European Community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The main inspiration for this project was the then-emerging European Community. In Option Québec Lévesque expressly identified the EC as his model for forming a new relationship between sovereign Quebec and the rest of Canada, one that would loosen the political ties while preserving the economic links. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association as originally proposed would have meant that Quebec would become a politically independent state, but would maintain a formal association with Canada — especially regarding economic affairs. It was part of the 1976 sovereignist platform which swept the Parti Québécois into power in that year's provincial elections – and included a promise to hold a referendum on sovereignty-association. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The PQ then began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. In addition, joint political institutions would be established to administer these economic arrangements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement However, the Supreme Court of Canada disagreed when the matter was referred to that body, ruling that the Act is constitutional and, just as Canada is divisible, so is Quebec, a ruling that has significant implications for linguistic and ethnic minorities within Quebec, the bulk of whom have traditionally opposed secession. Chrétien considered the legislation among his most significant accomplishments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Canada has also been strongly influenced by its linguistic, geographic, and economic neighbour—the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians The population of Canada has consistently risen, doubling approximately every 40 years, since the establishment of the Canadian Confederation in 1867. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians It can also be granted to a permanent resident who lives in Canada for three out of four years and meets specific requirements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands, encompassing a total of 1,525,565 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada as a nation is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of groups, beliefs and customs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians The first Canadian mosque was constructed in Edmonton, in 1938, when there were approximately 700 Muslims in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians The first Japanese Buddhist temple in Canada was built in Vancouver in 1905. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians Two of Canada's territories give official status to indigenous languages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians Today, Canada has a diverse makeup of nationalities and constitutional protection for policies that promote multiculturalism rather than cultural assimilation. In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and many French-speaking commentators speak of a Quebec culture distinct from English Canadian culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and many French-speaking commentators speak of a Quebec culture distinct from English Canadian culture. However, as a whole, Canada is a cultural mosaic: a collection of several regional, indigenous, and ethnic subcultures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadians Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada It is believed that the first European to explore the east coast of Canada was Norse explorer Leif Erikson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada had established complete sovereignty as an independent country, although the monarch is retained as sovereign. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Attempts to accommodate Quebec nationalism constitutionally through the Meech Lake Accord failed in 1990. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Over half of Canada's landscape is intact and relatively free of human development. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada An emphasis on social justice has been a distinguishing element of Canada's political culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada While the monarchy is the source of authority in Canada, in practice its position is mainly symbolic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country, and consists of written text and unwritten conventions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's peacekeeping role during the 20th century has played a major role in its global image. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada acceded to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1976. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's total military expenditure is expected to reach CA$32.7 billion by 2027. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's military currently has over 3000 personnel deployed overseas, including in Iraq, Ukraine, and the Caribbean Sea. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's economic integration with the United States has increased significantly since World War II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada is one of the few developed nations that are net exporters of energy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Healthcare in Canada is delivered through the provincial and territorial systems of publicly funded health care, informally called Medicare. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada has performed close to, or above the average on the majority of OECD health indicators since the early 2000s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local governments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Education in both English and French is available in most places across Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's national symbols are influenced by natural, historical, and Indigenous sources. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada The maple leaf is depicted on Canada's current and previous flags, and on the Arms of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada's official national sports are ice hockey and lacrosse. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Canada shares several major professional sports leagues with the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada began on January 27, 2020, with wide social and economic disruption. In 2021, the remains of hundreds of Indigenous people were discovered near the former sites of Canadian Indian residential schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Many towns in northern Canada, where agriculture is difficult, are sustainable because of nearby mines or sources of timber. Canada also has a sizeable manufacturing sector centred in southern Ontario and Quebec, with automobiles and aeronautics representing particularly important industries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7 million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase. Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6 million, equivalent to 20.4 percent overall growth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada The earliest, The Bold Canadian, was written in 1812. The national anthem of Canada, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Théodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony, and was officially adopted in 1980. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canada They bought the team after the American Hockey League team, the Quebec Aces moved south to Richmond, Virginia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques They represented Canada at the Izvestia Hockey Tournament in Moscow, finishing last with an 0–3–1 record. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques Quebec City was by far the smallest market in the NHL; at the time, it was dwarfed by the next-smallest market, Winnipeg. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques The only English-language newspaper was the weekly Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. The county seat was Loretteville. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec County, Quebec Deschamps, C.E. (1896). Municipalities and Parishes in the Province of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec County, Quebec By the 1980s, Canada's provinces began to develop their own distinct honours and decorations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of Canada There were originally, in effect, only two ranks to the Order of Canada: Companion and the Medal of Service. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of Canada Decisions of the council and new appointments to and dismissals from the Order of Canada are announced through the Canada Gazette. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of Canada As of January 2020, 7212 people have been appointed to the Order of Canada, including scientists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes, business people, film stars, benefactors, and others. Some have resigned or have been removed from the order, while other appointments have been controversial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of Canada Indigenous Peoples in Canada (also known as Aboriginals or First Peoples) are the indigenous peoples within the boundaries of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Aboriginal peoples is a legal term encompassing all Indigenous Peoples living in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada The first inhabitants of North America arrived in Canada at least 14,000 years ago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada The area holds evidence of early human habitation in Canada dating from about 12,000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Language contributes to the identity of a people by influencing social life ways and spiritual practices. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada These two groups, ancestors of Thule people, were displaced by the Inuit by 1000 CE. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada One account, Ívar Bárðarson, speaks of "small people" with whom the Norsemen fought. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada When Europeans first arrived to Canada they relied on Aboriginal peoples for fur trading skills and survival. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada A 19th-century community of the Métis people, the Anglo-Métis, were referred to as Countryborn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Another focus of the Canadian government was to make the Aboriginal groups of Canada sedentary, as they thought that this would make them easier to assimilate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada In 1995, the Government of Canada announced the Aboriginal Right to Self-Government Policy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Through this process, the decision to enter transfer discussions with Health Canada rests with each community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Indigenous political organizations throughout Canada vary in political standing, viewpoints, and reasons for forming. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada The word Canada itself derives from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word meaning 'village' or 'settlement'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada There are more reserves in Canada than there are First Nations, which were ceded multiple reserves by treaty. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Two of Canada's territories give official status to native languages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Traditionally, Indigenous peoples used the materials at hand to make their instruments for centuries before Europeans immigrated to Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada First Nations people made gourds and animal horns into rattles, which were elaborately carved and brightly painted. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Traditional First Nations people consider song and dance to be sacred. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada National representative bodies of Aboriginal people in Canada include the Assembly of First Nations, the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the Métis National Council, the Native Women's Association of Canada, the National Association of Native Friendship Centres, and the Congress of Aboriginal Peoples. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Across Canada, 56% of Indigenous peoples live in urban areas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada As of the 2016 census, Indigenous peoples in Canada totalled 1,673,785 people, or 4.9% of the national population, with 977,230 First Nations people, 587,545 Métis, and 65,025 Inuit. 7.7% of the population under the age of 14 are of Indigenous descent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Aboriginal peoples is a legal term encompassing all Indigenous Peoples living in Canada. Aboriginal peoples has begun to be considered outdated and is slowly being replaced by the term Indigenous peoples. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada There are indications of contact made before Christopher Columbus between the first peoples and those from other continents. Aboriginal people in Canada first interacted with Europeans around 1000 CE, but prolonged contact came after Europeans established permanent settlements in the 17th and 18th centuries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada It allows bands to define their own membership rules. Those people accepted into band membership under band rules may not be status Indians. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indigenous peoples in Canada Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent sovereignty and have only those powers delegated to them by the federal government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada The majority of Canada's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada–US border. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada Canada's population grew by 5.0% between the 2006 and 2011 censuses. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada The population of the West relative to Canada as a whole has steadily grown over time, while that of Atlantic Canada has declined. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada Yukon lies in the western portion of Northern Canada, while Nunavut is in the east. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada The legislative assemblies use a procedure similar to that of the House of Commons of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada † Quebec's lower house was previously called the "Legislative Assembly" with members titled "Member of the Legislative Assembly". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada The majority of Canada's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada–US border. Its four largest provinces by area (Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta) are also (with Quebec and Ontario switched in order) its most populous; together they account for 86% of the country's population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada However, some provinces such as Saskatchewan, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador have experienced long periods of stagnation or population decline. Ontario and Quebec have always been the two biggest provinces in Canada, with together over 60% of the population at any given time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada This was one of only two provinces in Canadian history to have its size reduced. The second reduction, in 1927, occurred when a boundary dispute between Canada and the Dominion of Newfoundland saw Labrador increased at Quebec's expense—this land returned to Canada, as part of the province of Newfoundland, in 1949. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada In 1922, the French government donated the land used for the Vimy Memorial "freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada the free use of the land exempt from all taxes". The site of the Somme battlefield near Beaumont-Hamel site was purchased in 1921 by the people of the Dominion of Newfoundland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Provinces and territories of Canada 1 Canadian Air Division operations are carried out through eleven wings located across Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadian Armed Forces It is believed that this move was made in order to improve Canada's defence-related NATO reporting metrics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Canadian Armed Forces The prime minister of Canada (French: premier ministre du Canada) is the first minister of the Crown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau is the 23rd and current prime minister of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime Minister of Canada The prime minister also provides advice to the monarch of Canada for the selection of the governor general. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime Minister of Canada After exiting office, former prime ministers of Canada have engaged in various pursuits. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime Minister of Canada After exiting office, former prime ministers of Canada have engaged in various pursuits. Some remained in politics: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime Minister of Canada It is the largest suburb of Montreal, the third-largest city in the province after Montreal and Quebec City, and the thirteenth largest city in Canada with a population of 422,993 in 2016.Laval is geographically separated from the mainland to the north by the Rivière des Mille Îles, and from the Island of Montreal to the south by the Rivière des Prairies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laval, Quebec The only exception is Chomedey in the south, which voted overwhelmingly to not separate in the 1995 Quebec referendum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laval, Quebec .quebec is a regular and non-unique province within Canada, that is not distinct. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) .quebec The National Assembly was formerly the lower house of Quebec's legislature and was then called the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec When used in the plural, "first ministers" in Canada refers collectively to the provincial premiers and the prime minister of Canada). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec elections have also tended to be volatile since the 1970s, producing a large turnover in Assembly seats. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec Members of the National Assembly (MNAs) swear two oaths: one to the Canadian monarch as Quebec's head of state, and a second one to the people of Quebec. Previous Parti Québécois premier René Lévesque added the second oath. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec However, as the sovereign's power stems from the people and the monarch is a constitutional one, he or she does not rule alone, as in an absolute monarchy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monarchy of Canada Canada, meanwhile, is the country of the counter-revolution, which has willingly and successfully retained this source of legitimacy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monarchy of Canada By 2011, both Canadian and British media were referring to "Canada's royal family" or the "Canadian royal family". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monarchy of Canada A number of buildings across Canada are reserved by the Crown for the use of the monarch and her viceroys. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monarchy of Canada That act is said to have entrenched the monarchy in Canada, due to the stringent requirements, as laid out in the amending formula, that must be met in order to alter the monarchy in any way. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monarchy of Canada Michif ([mɪˈtʃɪf]) is the name of the mixed language spoken by the Métis people of Western Canada and adjacent areas of the United States, mostly a mix of Plains Cree with Canadian French noun phrases. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Canadian Métis represent the majority of people who identify as Métis, although there are a number of Métis in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis In Canada, the population is 587,545 with 20.5 percent living in Ontario and 19.5 percent in Alberta. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Most people with more distant ancestry are not part of the Métis ethnicity or culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis This was not the only place where métissage (mixing) between European and Indigenous people occurred. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis (2) In this Act, "Aboriginal Peoples of Canada" includes the Indian, Inuit, and Métis Peoples of Canada.... --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis The Métis National Council broke away from the Native Council of Canada, CAP's predecessor, in 1983. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Indigenous Affairs Canada, the relevant federal ministry, deals with the MNC. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis When Indigenous women married European men, they introduced them to their people and their culture, taught them about the land and its resources, and worked alongside them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis An 1870 census of Manitoba classified the population as follows: 11,963 total people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis These Nations ceded property rights to almost the entire western plains to the Government of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis The Métis flag is one of the oldest patriotic flags originating in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis According to the 2016 Canada Census, a total of 587,545 individuals self-identified as Métis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis In the French colonies, people of mixed Indigenous and French ancestry were referred to by those who spoke French as métis, meaning "mixture". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis This use (of simply meaning "mixed") excludes mixed-race people born of unions in other settings or more recently than about 1870. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Generally speaking, these marriages were happy ones, that lasted and brought together differing groups of people and benefitted the fur trade business. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Riel had a significant impact on the Métis community in Canada, especially in the Manitoba region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Once better decided to change his life by obtaining an American residence and decided to complete the journey of the liberation of the Métis people that he first started in 1869. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis The Métis homeland existed before the implementation of the Canada–U.S. border and continues to exist on both sides of this border today. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis These small villages were squatter's villages along Crown land outside of established villages in the prairies of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis While people of Métis culture or heritage are found across Canada, the traditional Métis "homeland" (areas where Métis populations and culture developed as a distinct ethnicity historically) includes much of the Canadian Prairies. The most commonly known group are the "Red River Métis", centring on southern and central parts of Manitoba along the Red River of the North. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis There is no comprehensive legal definition of Métis status in Canada; this is in contrast to the Indian Act, which creates an Indian Register for all (Status) First Nations people. Some commentators have argued that one of the rights of an Indigenous people is to define its own identity, precluding the need for a government-sanctioned definition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis The Métis flag is one of the oldest patriotic flags originating in Canada. The Métis have two flags. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Mixed-race people live throughout Canada and the northern United States but only some in the US identify ethnically and culturally as Métis. A strong Prairie Métis identity exists in the "homeland" once known as Rupert's Land, which extends south from Canada into North Dakota, especially the land west of the Red River of the North. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Métis Any person born, living, or who has lived in Quebec, save for anyone serving as a Member of the National Assembly of Quebec, is eligible to be nominated and names may be submitted posthumously. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Admission recognizes conspicuous meritorious actions that improve or support Quebec and/or its language and culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Daniel Johnson Jr. , 25th Premier of Quebec, appointed 2008 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Martin Brian Mulroney , 18th Prime Minister of Canada, appointed 2002 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Claire Bonenfant , president of the Quebec Status of Women Council, appointed 1991 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Quebec's official language is French, with 94.6% of the province's population reporting knowledge of the language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The name originally referred to the area around Quebec City where the Saint Lawrence River narrows to a cliff-lined gap. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec has one of the world's largest reserves of fresh water, occupying 12% of its surface. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Saint Lawrence River with its estuary forms the basis of Quebec's development through the centuries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec It is rich in the forestry, mineral and hydro-electric resources that are a mainstay of the Quebec economy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Appalachian region of Quebec has a narrow strip of ancient mountains along the southeastern border of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In between, it covers in Quebec near 800 km (497 mi), from the Montérégie hills to the Gaspé Peninsula. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The main climatic influences are from western and northern Canada and move eastward, and from the southern and central United States that move northward. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The four calendar seasons in Quebec are spring, summer, autumn and winter, with conditions differing by region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is divided into four climatic zones: arctic, subarctic, humid continental and East maritime. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Many more species of land, maritime or avian wildlife are seen in Quebec, but most of the Quebec-specific species and the most commonly seen species are listed above. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Given the geology of the province and its different climates, there is an established number of large areas of vegetation in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The total forest area of Quebec is estimated at 750,300 km2 (289,700 sq mi). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Five days later, the king's lieutenant and Lord of Ramezay concluded the Articles of Capitulation of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec After the British officially acquired Canada in 1763, King George III reorganized the constitution of Canada using the Royal Proclamation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec was established to admit Canadiens - that is to say faithful Catholics - to civil and governmental functions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Upper Canada to the west (predominantly Anglo-Protestant) and Lower Canada to the east (predominantly Franco-Catholic). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This loss caused the Americans to abandon the Saint Lawrence Campaign, their major strategic effort to conquer Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The differences between the two cultural groups of the Province of Canada made it impossible to govern without forming coalition governments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec On July 15, 1867, Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau became Quebec's first Premier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1899, Henri Bourassa vigorously opposed the British government's request for Canada to join the Second Boer War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec When Canada declared war in September 1939, the federal government pledged not to conscript soldiers for overseas service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec As the war went on, more and more English Canadians voiced support for conscription, despite firm opposition from French Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The stark differences between the values of French and English Canada popularized the expression the "Two Solitudes". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Quiet Revolution was particularly characterized by the 1962 Liberal Party's slogan of "Maîtres chez nous" ("Masters of our home"), which, in front of the stranglehold of the Anglo-American conglomerates on the economy and natural resources of Quebec, announced a collective will for freedom of the French-Canadian people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1962, the government of Quebec nationalized its electricity and dismanteled the financial syndicates of Saint Jacques Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1975, it established the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms and the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec After these failed attempts, Daniel Johnson of the Liberal Party of Quebec briefly seized power as the 25th Premier of Quebec in 1994. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec On average, francophones voted 60% YES, while anglophones and immigrants voted 95% NO.In 1998, following the Supreme Court of Canada's decision on the reference relating to the secession of Quebec, the Parliaments of Canada and Quebec defined the legal frameworks within which their respective governments would act concerning another referendum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is founded on the Westminster system, and is both a liberal democracy and a constitutional monarchy with parliamentary regime. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec It is made up of the lieutenant governor (representative of the Crown) and an elective chamber bearing the name of the National Assembly (representative of the people). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Executive Council (or Council of Ministers), chaired by the premier, is the primary body for executive power in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is the only Canadian province that has set up a ministry to exclusively embody the state's powers for matters of international relations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Since 2006, Quebec has adopted a green plan in order to meet the objectives of the Kyoto Protocol regarding climate change. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Automobile manufacturers who sell vehicles in Quebec have to comply with an emission ceiling of 187 g of GHG/km. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Immigration to Quebec is supported by integration programs favouring French, as it is the common language, as well as the principles of pluralism and interculturalism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's health and social services network is administered by the Ministry of Health and Social Services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2012, the annual cost for postsecondary tuition was CA$2,168 (€1,700)—less than half of Canada's average tuition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec However, since the two have always been very influential in Quebec law, with much crossover, the Québécois judicial system is considered to be mixed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec law comes from the four classic sources of law: legislation, case law, doctrine and customary law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Private law in Quebec affects all relationships between individuals (natural or juridical persons) and is largely under the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec constitutional law is the area of law that governs the rules surrounding the Quebec government, the Parliament of Quebec and Quebec's various courts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec At the bottom, there are the municipal courts, tribunal des professions, tribunal des droits de la personne, tribunaux administratifs, Court of Quebec, etc. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Superior Court of Quebec has the inherent power to rule on all cases other than those whose jurisdiction is assigned to another instance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In addition, the Court of Quebec is made up of three chambers: the Youth Division, the Criminal and Penal Division and the Civil Division. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Finally, Quebec has a large number of administrative tribunals responsible for seeing to the application of one or more laws. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec According to Quebec's age pyramid, the most numerous generation is the baby-boomers that are between 54 and 74 years of age. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is unique among the provinces in its overwhelmingly Roman Catholic population, though recently with a low church attendance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec After the conquest of 1759, this reality became more brutal for Quebec, which now had to avoid assimilation by the British Empire's regime and survive culturally as well as linguistically. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Such efforts include: enstating the Charter of the French language, Quebec's participation in the Francophonie since 1971, French immigration to Quebec, etc. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec At the school level, anglophones in Quebec have several school boards grouped together into the Association des commissions scolaire anglophones du Québec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The eleventh indigenous ethnic group in Quebec, the Inuit (or, obsolete, the Eskimos), belong to the Inuit-Aleut family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec An Acadian community in Quebec can be called a "Cadie" or "Petite Cadie", and some cities and villages use the demonym "Cadien". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec There, Québécois and Acadians from all corners of Quebec and other neighbouring lands mingle to celebrate Acadian culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The economy of Quebec is ranked the 37th largest economy in the world just behind Greece and 28th for the GDP per capita. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2008, Quebec imported $178-billion worth of goods and services, or 58.6% of its GDP. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2003, the value of mineral exploitation reached Quebec 3.7 billion Canadian dollars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec More than a million lakes and rivers cover Quebec, occupying 21% of the total area of its territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Over time, Quebec pivots more and more towards renewable energy; in 2017, 47% of all energy came from renewable sources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The tourism industry is a major economic pillar in Quebec, being the 5th largest export class. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These employees work in the more than 29,000 tourism-related businesses in Quebec, most of which are restaurants or hotels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Annually, tourists spend more than $6.7 billion in the different spheres of Quebec's tourism industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec possesses 21 tourism regions and their development is taken care of by an autonomous network of regional tourism associations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The government hoped to create a strong culture of innovation in Quebec for the next decades and to create a sustainable economy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is also active in the development of its energy industries, including renewable energy such as hydropower and wind power. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The contribution of Quebec in science and technology represent approximately 1% of the researches worldwide since the 1980s to 2009. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec All universities in Quebec exist by virtue of laws adopted by the National Assembly of Quebec in 1967 during the Quiet Revolution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec A number of governmental and non-government organizations support cultural activity in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Similarly, the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), a federal Crown corporation, provides for the same mission in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Moulin à paroles traces the great texts that have shaped the history of Quebec since its foundation in 1534 until the era of modernity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Well-known English-language writers from Quebec include Leonard Cohen, Mordecai Richler, and Neil Bissoondath. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Presented outdoors under a tent or in venues similar to the Montreal Casino, the circuses attract large crowds both in Quebec and abroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Strongly influenced by the presence of the Catholic Church, the development of the religious history of Quebec is provided by organizations like the Council of the religious heritage of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is most famous for its Tourtière, Pâté Chinois, Poutine, St. Catherine's taffy among others. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec also produces a great number of high-quality wines including ice wine and ice cider. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Many of Quebec's artists have been educated in universities' arts faculties and specialized art schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Gala les Olivier, in honour of the former humorist Olivier Guimond, rewards the personalities of Quebec comedy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The internationally renowned designers who do business in Quebec are mainly concentrated in Les Cours Mont-Royal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec St-Jean-Baptiste Day is Quebec's national holiday and is one of Quebec's biggest holidays. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The influence of the Church began to wane a hundred years later, when, after the Grande Noirceur, Quebec society was profoundly transformed by the Quiet Revolution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Another important place of worship in Quebec is the anglican Holy Trinity Cathedral, which was erected between 1800 and 1804. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Fleurdelisé replaced the Union Jack on Quebec's Parliament Building on January 21, 1948, and it has flown there ever since. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec International relationships-wise, Quebec's closest partner is the United States of America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is the largest province by area, at 1,542,056 km2 (595,391 sq mi), and the second-largest by population, with 8,164,361 people. Much of the population live in urban areas along the St. Lawrence River, between the most populous city, Montreal, and the province's capital city, Quebec City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In general, the climate of Quebec is cold and humid. The climate of the province is largely determined by its latitude, maritime and elevation influences. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The inland border between the jurisdiction of Lower Canada and Newfoundland remains undefined. From 1837 to 1838, the Lower Canada Rebellion occurs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The citizens of the Province of Canada are free to divide back into two entities, and while Canada West is renamed Ontario, Canada East is renamed Quebec. In 1898, the Canadian Parliament enacts the Quebec Boundary Extension Act of 1898, which gives Quebec a part of Rupert's Land, a territory bought from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1870. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec They appear to have been supplanted by the Mohawk people. At the time of the European explorations of the 1500s, it was known that these ethnocultural groups sometimes traded and/or warred with each other. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These last two came from the splitting of the Province of Canada, and used the old borders of Lower Canada for Quebec, and Upper Canada for Ontario. Since this federal system's constitution was founded on the same principles as that of the United Kingdom's, each of the new provinces was guaranteed sovereign authority in the sphere of its legislative powers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1965, the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism wrote a preliminary report underlining Quebec's distinct character, and promoted open federalism, a political attitude guaranteeing Quebec to a minimum amount of consideration(s). To favour Quebec during its Quiet Revolution, Canada, through Lester B. Pearson, adopted a policy of open federalism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. In that year, the Legislative Council was abolished and the Legislative Assembly was renamed the National Assembly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In that year, the Legislative Council was abolished and the Legislative Assembly was renamed the National Assembly. Quebec was the last province to abolish its legislative council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is founded on the Westminster system, and is both a liberal democracy and a constitutional monarchy with parliamentary regime. Quebec is a member state of the Canadian federation, as such, its leader is Elizabeth II, who is the incarnation of the Crown of Canada and holder of the government and executive power in the province of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The lieutenant governor is the Queen's representative within the State of Quebec. He or she has specific and symbolic powers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's national policy covers all areas relating to the Quebec nation. It establishes the values and foundations on which Quebec society bases its cohesion and its specificity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec the separation of State and religionIn addition , Quebec defines itself as a free and democratic state of law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec By some measures Quebec is the highest taxed province; a 2012 study indicated that "Quebec companies pay 26 per cent more in taxes than the Canadian average". A 2014 report by the Fraser Institute indicated that "Relative to its size, Quebec is the most indebted province in Canada by a wide margin". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec law is the set of laws which are applied on the Québécois territory. Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec However, since the two have always been very influential in Quebec law, with much crossover, the Québécois judicial system is considered to be mixed. The presence of the civil law tradition goes all the way back to the days of New France, when the French king Louis XIV imposed the Custom of Paris in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Legislation is the primary source in Quebec law. However, because private law is mostly exercised under a civil tradition, case law is also a strong source. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Finally, Quebec, like the federal government, has tax law power. Certain portions of Quebec law are considered mixed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec They can also all hear civil, criminal or constitutional law appeals. The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Then, in the middle, there is the Superior Court of Quebec, the general court of Quebec. An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. The main Québécois courts are the: Quebec Court of Appeal, Superior Court of Quebec and Court of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Though they are still uncommon, civil unions are becoming more and more popular. Demographic growth: In 2019, Quebec registered the highest rate of population growth since 1972 (when quality data began to be recorded), with an increase of 110,000 people, mostly because of the arrival of a high number of non-permanent residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec United States, France, Germany, etc.) because of the federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Three families of aboriginal languages exist in Quebec, which encompass eleven languages. Each of these languages belong to and are spoken by members of a specific ethnic group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The multimedia sector is also dominated by the province of Quebec. Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. It also stands for the exploitation of its forest resources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Institut de tourisme et d'hôtellerie du Québec also educates and trains professionals for this field. The industry provides employment to over 400,000 people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Mont Mégantic Observatory was recently equipped with this camera. Quebec ranks among the world leaders in the field of life science. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Les Rendez-vous du cinéma québécois is a festival surrounding the ceremony of the Jutra Awards Night that rewards work and personalities of Quebec cinema. The Artis and the Gemini Awards gala recognize the personalities of television and radio industry in Quebec and French Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Since 2007, the government promotes, with the various players in the field, the conclusion of agreements on the use of property belonging to episcopal factories and corporations to establish "partnerships in financing the restoration and renovation of religious buildings. "As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec It has many similarities with Acadian cuisine. Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. Quebec is often said to possess the most beautiful churches in North America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Iris versicolor, the floral emblem of Quebec since 1999. It was chosen because it blooms around the time of Quebec's Fête nationale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The yellow birch, the tree emblem of Quebec since 1993. It was picked to emphasize the importance Québécois give to the forests. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec On this day, the song "Gens du pays", by Gilles Vigneault, is often heard. This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec National Patriots' Day, a statutory holiday in Quebec, celebrates the patriots that fought in the Lower Canada Rebellion against British forces. Le Vieux de '37 ("The Old Man of '37") is an illustration by Henri Julien that depicts a patriot of this rebellion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In the realm of litterature and international publishing, the Québec Édition group is a committee created by the National Association of Book Editors dedicated to the international influence of French-language publishings from Quebec and Canada. The world of song in Quebec has a modest size and impact at the international level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Saint-Vallier Est Street, previously called Saint-Charles Street, the first paved road in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec The Old Quebec heritage site is located in Quebec City although it is administratively recognized as a part of the borough La Cité-Limoilou. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec It has gained recognition as a part of Quebec's cultural heritage and is also among UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec During 1956, the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada was given the authority to acquire or expropriate any "site, building or other place of national historic interest or significance". The historic district was established following public debates from 1945 to 1965, concerning the preservation of Old Quebec and the restoration of Place Royale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec Quebec City ( (listen) or ; French: Ville de Québec), officially Québec ([kebɛk] (listen)), is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Informally, however, the accent is usually omitted in common usage, so the unofficial form "Quebec City" is used to distinguish the city from the province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City While many of the major cities in Latin America date from the 16th century, among cities in Canada and the U.S., few were created earlier than Quebec City (St. John's, Harbour Grace, Port Royal, St. Augustine, Santa Fe, Jamestown, and Tadoussac). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec was the headquarters of many raids against New England during the four French and Indian Wars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Americans did not attack Canada after the War of 1812, but the Citadelle continued to house a large British garrison until 1871. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Until the late 18th century Québec was the most populous city in present-day Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City was built on the north bank of the Saint Lawrence River, where it narrows and meets the mouth of the Saint-Charles River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Much of the city's notable traditional architecture is located in Vieux-Québec (Old Quebec), within and below the fortifications. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Historically this was the site of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham (1759), a decisive British victory in the Seven Years' War which ended French rule in what would become Canada, and the later Battle of Quebec (1775) during the American Revolutionary War, where the British were able to hold onto its last stronghold in the Northern extent of its North American territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Its bicycle and pedestrian paths then continues all the way to Old Quebec and then along the Saint-Charles River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The historical significance of the park also lies in the former presence of the viceregal Government House of Quebec (1845–1966). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City co-hosted with Halifax, Nova Scotia, the 2008 IIHF World Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Videotron Centre was built with the hope of getting an NHL franchise (relocation or expansion) in Quebec City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City holds the Coop FIS Cross-Country World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Since the 1970s, centre-right parties such as Union Nationale, Crédit social, Conservative Party of Canada (CPC), Action démocratique du Québec and Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ) have been more popular in the Quebec City region than elsewhere in the province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Along with the city's lesser support for Quebec sovereignty, this led political pundits to speculate about a "Quebec City mystery". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Nonetheless, five of the six seats won by the Conservatives in the province were found in the greater Quebec City area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The station is the eastern terminus of the railway's main Quebec City-Windsor Corridor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Port of Quebec is a seaport on the St. Lawrence with facilities in the first, fifth and sixth boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City It is the eleventh-largest city and the seventh-largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is also the second-largest city in the province after Montreal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Algonquian people had originally named the area Kébec, an Algonquin word meaning "where the river narrows", because the Saint Lawrence River narrows proximate to the promontory of Quebec and its Cape Diamant. Explorer Samuel de Champlain founded a French settlement here in 1608, and adopted the Algonquin name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Most jobs in Quebec City are concentrated in public administration, defence, services, commerce, transport and tourism. As the provincial capital, the city benefits from being a regional administrative and services centre: apropos, the provincial government is the largest employer in the city, employing 27,900 people as of 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The project was funded regardless of whether an NHL team arrives. It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City On 29 January 2017, a university student shot and killed six people with another 17 injured in a mass shooting at the Quebec Islamic Cultural Centre. Even after accounting for this event, the CMA of Quebec had the second lowest Crime Severity Index in the country in 2017, at 48.5, after that of Barrie (45.3). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The primary mainstream political vehicle for the movement is the Parti Québécois, which has governed Quebec on multiple occasions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In 2012 it was elected to a minority government, in which its leader, Pauline Marois, became the first female premier of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Perhaps the most significant basis of support for Quebec's sovereignty movement lies in more recent political events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement This event involved a "back-room" deal struck between Trudeau, representing the federal government, and all of the other provinces, save Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement To many in Quebec, the 1982 constitutional amendment without Quebec's approval is still viewed as a historic political wound. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Perceived as trickery in Quebec, the repatriation [sic] of 1982 has placed a time bomb in the political dynamics of this country". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Three days earlier, Bourassa, former minister of federalism, had hurriedly changed his tune: "English Canada must understand that... --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The separatist Parti Québécois-led government of Quebec offered up comment actually taking the side of the Manitoba government, which was opposed to granting those rights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement For a majority of Quebec politicians, whether sovereignist or not, the problem of Quebec's political status is considered unresolved to this day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In 2005 they published their position statement, "Pour un Québec lucide", ("For a lucid Quebec") which details the problems facing Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a Mohawk from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Similarly, the Cree have also asserted for many years that they are a separate people with the right to self-determination recognized under international law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Professor Peter Russell has said of Aboriginal peoples in Canada: "(they) are not nations that can be yanked out of Canada against their will by a provincial majority.... --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereigntism and sovereignty are terms that refer to the modern movement in favour of the political independence of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement He achieved that goal in October 1968 when the MSA held its only national congress in Quebec City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement To the less clear question of "Do you agree that Quebec should become sovereign after having made a formal offer to Canada for a new economic and political partnership within a scope of the bill respecting the future of Quebec?" support for separation increased to 40% yes, the no vote still led with 41%, and the unsure increased to 19%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement They now support Quebec Autonomism: a decentralized view of the Canadian Confederation, and accept the 1995 "No" verdict; --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In the movie, the Parti Québécois has formed the government of Quebec but Premier Gaston Belisle has repeatedly put off its promise to hold a referendum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In the story, the United States has merged with Canada and Mexico to form the Organization of North American Nations (ONAN). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Wheelchair-bound Quebec separatists use a video so entertaining it leads to death to accomplish their goals of both Quebec independence and the end of the ONAN. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In the roleplaying game Shadowrun, Quebec exists as a sovereign nation alongside the United Canadian American States and the Confederated American States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement To many in Quebec, the 1982 constitutional amendment without Quebec's approval is still viewed as a historic political wound. The debate still occasionally rages within the province about the best way to heal the rift and the sovereignty movement derives some degree of support from a belief that healing should take the form of separation from Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Some arguments against sovereignty claim that the movement is illegitimate because of its Eurocentrism which alienates many among Canada's First Nations, as well as the Inuit, and Métis peoples and their sympathizers. This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a Mohawk from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement With few exceptions (they) wish to enjoy their right to self-government within Canada, not within a sovereign Quebec. " International human rights expert Erica-Irene Daes says the change "will leave the most marginalized and excluded of all the world's peoples without a legal, peaceful weapon to press for genuine democracy...." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Concern for this may stem from perception of neo-colonial or eurocentric attitudes in the leadership of former Quebec premiers, such as Robert Bourassa, the self-proclaimed "Conqueror of the North". Additionally, those in favour Canadian federalism denounce Quebec separation as a 'Balkanization' of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In 1979 the PQ began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. In addition, joint political institutions would be established to administer these economic arrangements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association was proposed to the population of Quebec in the 1980 Quebec referendum. The proposal was rejected by 60 percent of the Quebec electorate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The lowest support for Yes side came from Mohawk, Cree and Inuit voters in Quebec, some first Nations chiefs asserted their right to self-determination with the Cree being particularly vocal in their right to stay territories within Canada. More than 96% of the Inuit and Cree voted No in the referendum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Bouchard did not accept his invitation; organizers did not invite Chrétien. Experts debated whether Quebec was a "distinct society" or "unique culture". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion.” --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement En route to the Six Nations, Thomas Bushell and Samuel Stanley of the Royal American Mounted Police discuss the nearby province of Quebec. Stanley muses that, being culturally French, the Québécois people would want to split off from the N.A.U. to become part of the Franco-Spanish Holy Alliance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Statistics Canada projects that, by 2031, nearly one-half of Canadians above the age of 15 will be foreign-born or have one foreign-born parent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians While the first contact with Europeans and indigenous peoples in Canada had occurred a century or more before, the first group of permanent settlers were the French, who founded the New France settlements, in present-day Quebec and Ontario; and Acadia, in present-day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, during the early part of the 17th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Block settlement communities were established throughout western Canada between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Canadian citizenship is typically obtained by birth in Canada or by birth or adoption abroad when at least one biological parent or adoptive parent is a Canadian citizen who was born in Canada or naturalized in Canada (and did not receive citizenship by being born outside of Canada to a Canadian citizen). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Canada resettles over one in 10 of the world's refugees and has one of the highest per-capita immigration rates in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians As of a 2010 report by the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, there were 2.8 million Canadian citizens abroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority under the Employment Equity Act, and this is the definition that Statistics Canada also uses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Canada has been shaped by waves of migration that have combined to form a unique blend of art, cuisine, literature, humour, and music. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians However, as a whole, Canada is a cultural mosaic: a collection of several regional, indigenous, and ethnic subcultures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Multiculturalism in Canada was adopted as the official policy of the government during the premiership of Pierre Trudeau in the 1970s and 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadians Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada's long relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada A highly developed country, Canada has the seventeenth-highest nominal per-capita income globally and the sixteenth-highest ranking in the Human Development Index. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada A period of redress is underway, which started with the appointment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada by the Government of Canada in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain, and the Statute of Westminster 1931 affirmed Canada's independence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Great Depression in Canada during the early 1930s saw an economic downturn, leading to hardship across the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In 1999, Nunavut became Canada's third territory after a series of negotiations with the federal government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada sent troops to Afghanistan in 2001, but declined to join the United States–led invasion of Iraq in 2003. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada began on January 27, 2020, with wide social and economic disruption. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada By land area alone, however, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest proportion of fresh water lakes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada is described as a "full democracy", with a tradition of liberalism, and an egalitarian, moderate political ideology. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada's three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Bank of Canada is the sole authority authorized to issue currency in the form of Canadian bank notes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada is recognized as a middle power for its role in international affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral solutions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada nevertheless has an independent foreign policy, most notably maintaining full relations with Cuba, and declining to officially participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Since then, Canada has been an advocate for multilateralism, making efforts to resolve global issues in collaboration with other nations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In turn, these may be grouped into four main regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The territories, being creatures of the federal government, changes to their role and division of powers may be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada is the world's tenth-largest economy as of 2018, with a nominal GDP of approximately US$1.73 trillion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of CA$22 billion and a trade deficit in services of CA$25 billion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada India, Philippines and China are the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada spans latitudinally from the 83rd parallel north to the 41st parallel north, and approximately 95 percent of the population is found south of the 55th parallel north. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Established in 1663, Université Laval is the oldest post-secondary institution in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Indigenous population in Canada is growing at almost twice the national rate, and four percent of Canada's population claimed an Indigenous identity in 2006. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec allow for both English and French to be spoken in the provincial legislatures, and laws are enacted in both languages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Islam is the largest non-Christian religion in Canada, constituting 3.2 percent of its population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada's culture draws influences from its broad range of constituent nationalities, and policies that promote a "just society" are constitutionally protected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments, and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada However, as a whole, Canada is, in theory, a cultural mosaic—a collection of regional ethnic subcultures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canada's ethnic and cultural diversity are reflected in its literature, with many of its most prominent modern writers focusing on ethnic life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada While a variety of theories have been postulated for the etymological origins of Canada, the name is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement". In 1535, Indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Military Service Act brought in compulsory military service, though it, coupled with disputes over French language schools outside Quebec, deeply alienated Francophone Canadians and temporarily split the Liberal Party. In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain, and the Statute of Westminster 1931 affirmed Canada's independence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The delay underscored Canada's independence. The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In 1999, Nunavut became Canada's third territory after a series of negotiations with the federal government. At the same time, Quebec underwent profound social and economic changes through the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, giving birth to a secular nationalist movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The territorial legislatures also differ structurally from their provincial counterparts. The Bank of Canada is the central bank of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada In common with many other developed countries, Canada is experiencing a cost increase due to a demographic shift towards an older population, with more retirees and fewer people of working age. In 2006, the average age was 39.5 years; within twelve years it had risen to 42.4 years, with a life expectancy of 81.1 years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada Canadian provinces and territories are responsible for education provision. Canada has a large number of Universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada It is also the fastest growing religion in Canada. 1.5 percent of the Canadian population is Hindu and 1.4 percent is Sikh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canada The Quebec Nordiques formed as one of the original World Hockey Association teams in 1972. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques "The Flower" managed only 24 goals in 98 games with Quebec over two seasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques The Nordiques also faced a unique disadvantage due to Quebec City's status as a virtually monolingual francophone city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques Then as now, Quebec City had no privately owned English-language radio stations and only one privately owned English-language television station. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques Contrasting nameplates were used in 1973–74, then the fleur-de-lis symbol was added to the shoulders the following season which was modeled after the flag of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques Aubut intended to change the team's entire look had he won enough financing to keep the Nordiques in Quebec for the 1995–96 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques These are the top-ten point-scorers in Quebec Nordiques history, combining NHL and WHA totals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques excepting the City of Quebec and the parishes of Notre-Dame-de-Quebec and Saint-Roch-de-Québec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec County, Quebec Few have declined entry into the Order of Canada; as of 1997, 1.5 per cent of offered appointments to the order had been refused. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Order of Canada Aubin also pointed to the presence on the council of members of the Royal Society of Canada, an organization into which Somerville was received. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Order of Canada Appointees to the order are recommended by an advisory board and formally inducted by the governor general or the sovereign. As of January 2020, 7212 people have been appointed to the Order of Canada, including scientists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes, business people, film stars, benefactors, and others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Order of Canada Although "Indian" is a term still commonly used in legal documents, the descriptors "Indian" and "Eskimo" have fallen into disuse in Canada, and most consider them to be pejorative. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are some of the earliest known sites of human habitation in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Various laws, treaties, and legislation have been enacted between European immigrants and First Nations across Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada National Indigenous Peoples Day recognizes the cultures and contributions of Indigenous peoples to the history of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada First Nations peoples had settled and established trade routes across what is now Canada by 500 BCE – 1,000 CE. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Aboriginal peoples construe these agreements as being between them and the Crown of Canada through the district's Indian Agent, and not the Cabinet of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada A series of eleven treaties were signed between First Nations in Canada and the reigning Monarch of Canada from 1871 to 1921. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada First Nations people interpreted agreements covered in treaty 8 to last "as long as the sun shines, grass grows and rivers flow." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples was a Royal Commission undertaken by the Government of Canada in 1991 to address issues of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada It assessed past government policies toward Aboriginal people, such as residential schools, and provided policy recommendations to the government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Many places in Canada, both natural features and human habitations, use Indigenous names. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Ottawa, the name of Canada's capital city, comes from the Algonquin language term adawe, meaning 'to trade'. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The day was first celebrated in 1996, after it was proclaimed that year, by then Governor General of Canada Roméo LeBlanc, to be celebrated on June 21 annually. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Aboriginal peoples of Canada encompass diverse ethnic groups with their individual musical traditions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada This total includes 977,230 First Nations people, 587,545 Métis, and 65,025 Inuit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The characteristics of Indigenous culture in Canada included permanent settlements, agriculture, civic and ceremonial architecture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. The Métis culture of mixed blood originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations and Inuit people married Europeans, primarily the French. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Various laws, treaties, and legislation have been enacted between European immigrants and First Nations across Canada. Aboriginal Right to Self-Government provides opportunity to manage historical, cultural, political, health care and economic control aspects within first people's communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada However, two court cases have clarified that Inuit, Métis, and non-status First Nations people, all are covered by the term "Indians" in the Constitution Act, 1867. The first was Re Eskimos in 1939 covering the Inuit, the second being Daniels v. Canada in 2013 which applies to Métis and non-Status First Nations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada In the 13th century, the Thule culture began arriving in Greenland from what is now Canada. Norse accounts are scant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Missionary work directed at the Aboriginal people of Canada had been ongoing since the first missionaries arrived in the 1600s, generally from France, some of whom were martyred (Jesuit saints called the "Canadian Martyrs"). Christianization as government policy became more systematic with the Indian Act in 1876, which would bring new sanctions for those who did not convert to Christianity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Commission issued its final report in November 1996. The five-volume, 4,000-page report covered a vast range of issues; its 440 recommendations called for sweeping changes to the interaction between Aboriginal, non-Aboriginal people and the governments in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The five-volume, 4,000-page report covered a vast range of issues; its 440 recommendations called for sweeping changes to the interaction between Aboriginal, non-Aboriginal people and the governments in Canada. The report "set out a 20-year agenda for change." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada In both of these areas, the salmon was of chief importance. For the people of the plains, bison hunting was the primary activity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Some reserves are within cities, such as the Opawikoscikan Reserve in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Wendake in Quebec City or Enoch Cree Nation 135 in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region. There are more reserves in Canada than there are First Nations, which were ceded multiple reserves by treaty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Under the Employment Equity Act, Aboriginal people are a designated group along with women, visible minorities, and persons with disabilities; as such, they are neither a visible minority under the Act or in the view of Statistics Canada. The 2016 Canadian Census enumerated 1,673,780 Aboriginal people in Canada, 4.9% of the country's total population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada This total includes 977,230 First Nations people, 587,545 Métis, and 65,025 Inuit. National representative bodies of Aboriginal people in Canada include the Assembly of First Nations, the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the Métis National Council, the Native Women's Association of Canada, the National Association of Native Friendship Centres, and the Congress of Aboriginal Peoples. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada In the 20th century the Aboriginal population of Canada increased tenfold. Between 1900 and 1950 the population grew by 29%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada Across Canada, 56% of Indigenous peoples live in urban areas. The urban Indigenous population is the fastest-growing population segment in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indigenous peoples in Canada The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the Government of Canada (the federal government) and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were the original provinces, formed when several British North American colonies federated on July 1, 1867, into the Dominion of Canada and by stages began accruing the indicia of sovereignty from the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada In 1870, the company relinquished its claims for £300,000 ($1.5 million), assigning the vast territory to the Government of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada The Northwest Territories were vast at first, encompassing all of current northern and western Canada, except for the British holdings in the Arctic islands and the Colony of British Columbia; the Territories also included the northern two-thirds of Ontario and Quebec, and almost all of present Manitoba, with the 1870 province of Manitoba originally being confined to a small area in the south of today's province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada The British claims to the Arctic islands were transferred to Canada in 1880, adding to the size of the Northwest Territories. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada The site of the Somme battlefield near Beaumont-Hamel site was purchased in 1921 by the people of the Dominion of Newfoundland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada There are three territories in Canada. Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent sovereignty and have only those powers delegated to them by the federal government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were the original provinces, formed when several British North American colonies federated on July 1, 1867, into the Dominion of Canada and by stages began accruing the indicia of sovereignty from the United Kingdom. Prior to this, Ontario and Quebec were united as the Province of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Provinces and territories of Canada Although the viability of the Canada First Defence Strategy continues to suffer setbacks from challenging and evolving fiscal and other factors, it originally aimed to: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadian Armed Forces Specific element and trade training is conducted at a variety of institutions throughout Canada, and to a lesser extent, the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadian Armed Forces The Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Canadian Armed Forces Laval (English: ; French: [laval] (listen)) is a Canadian city in southwestern Quebec, north of Montreal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laval, Quebec The organisation aims to improve the businesses, culture, tourism, and online identity of Quebec and the Québécois through the .quebec TLD. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) .quebec The application was supported by the Quebec National Assembly and other cultural, technical, and economic institutions in the province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) .quebec The Coalition Avenir Québec currently has the most seats in the Assembly following the 2018 Quebec general election. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The Act of Union created a new Parliament of the Province of Canada, also composed of a Legislative Council and a Legislative Assembly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec That Parliament had jurisdiction over the entire province, with members from Lower Canada and Upper Canada in both houses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The act created a new bicameral Legislature for the province of Quebec, composed of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec Before 1968, there had been various unsuccessful attempts at abolishing the Legislative Council, which was analogous to the Senate of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec Any person holding Canadian citizenship and who has resided in Quebec for at least six months qualifies to be on the electoral list. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The National Assembly was formerly the lower house of Quebec's legislature and was then called the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. In 1968, the upper house, the Legislative Council, was abolished and the remaining house was renamed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The term literally means "first minister". When used in the plural, "first ministers" in Canada refers collectively to the provincial premiers and the prime minister of Canada). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The monarchy of Canada is at the core of Canada's constitutional federal structure and Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada The Queen of Canada (and head of state) has been Elizabeth II since 6 February 1952. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada Canada's constitution is based on the Westminster parliamentary model, wherein the role of the Queen is both legal and practical, but not political. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada The Arms of Her Majesty in Right of Canada are traditionally displayed in Canadian courtrooms, as is a portrait of the sovereign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada A number of awards in Canada are likewise issued in the name of previous or present members of the royal family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada The latter became in 1939 the first reigning monarch of Canada to tour the country (though previous kings had done so before their accession). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada Allegiance is given in reciprocation to the sovereign's Coronation Oath, wherein he or she promises "to govern the Peoples of ... Canada ... according to their respective laws and customs". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monarchy of Canada In Canada, they are considered a distinct culture, and are one of three groups of Canadian Indigenous peoples referenced in the Constitution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Since the late 20th century, Métis in Canada have been recognized as a distinct Indigenous people under the Constitution Act of 1982 and have a population of 587,545 as of 2016.Smaller communities self-identifying as Métis exist in Canada and the United States, such as the Little Shell Tribe of Montana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis In the 16th century, French colonists used the term métis as a noun to refer to people of mixed European and indigenous American parentage in New France (which extended from southern Quebec through the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, thence southward to Mississippi and Alabama). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The definition of the word is often disputed, as some people attempt to use métis in the archaic sense of having an indigenous ancestor or being mixed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Most Métis people today are descendants of unions between generations of Métis individuals and live in urban areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Geneticists estimate that 50 percent of today's population in Western Canada has some Aboriginal ancestry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The Métis did not sign treaties with Canada, with the exception of an adhesion to Treaty 3 in Northwest Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Some commentators have argued that one of the rights of an Indigenous people is to define its own identity, precluding the need for a government-sanctioned definition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The MSGC is the only recognized Métis Government in Canada with prescribed land, power, and jurisdiction via the Métis Settlements Act. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Lowercase 'm' métis refers to those who are of mixed native and other ancestry, recognizing the many people of varied racial ancestry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Being bilingual, these people were able to trade European goods, such as muskets, for the furs and hides at a trading post. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis As of 2018, Métis people were living in Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Montana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The first "Conference on the Métis in North America" was held in Chicago in 1981, after increasing research about this people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis In the end his main objective was to simply improve the living conditions and rights of the Métis people in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The failed attempts for Riel to defend the Métis community lead to further mental breakdowns and hospitalization, now in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Riel wanted the Métis and the Native people of the region to join forces and create a political movement against the provisional government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Métis Rights and Land Claims in Canada" Accessed September 1, 2019, annotated Bibliography --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Since the late 20th century, Métis in Canada have been recognized as a distinct Indigenous people under the Constitution Act of 1982 and have a population of 587,545 as of 2016.Smaller communities self-identifying as Métis exist in Canada and the United States, such as the Little Shell Tribe of Montana. The Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians are recognized as Indian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis The word is a cognate of the Spanish word mestizo and the Portuguese word mestiço. Michif ([mɪˈtʃɪf]) is the name of the mixed language spoken by the Métis people of Western Canada and adjacent areas of the United States, mostly a mix of Plains Cree with Canadian French noun phrases. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Many Canadians have mixed Aboriginal/non-Aboriginal ancestry, but that does not make them Métis or even Aboriginal ... What distinguishes Métis people from everyone else is that they associate themselves with a culture that is distinctly Métis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Métis Upon admission into the Order of Quebec, members are presented with various insignia of the organization—a medallion, miniature, and button. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Order of Quebec The climate of the province is largely determined by its latitude, maritime and elevation influences. According to the Köppen climate classification, Quebec has three main climate regions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Most of central Quebec, ranging from 51 to 58 degrees North has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). Winters are long, very cold, and snowy, and among the coldest in eastern Canada, while summers are warm but very short due to the higher latitude and the greater influence of Arctic air masses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Avian fauna includes birds of prey like the golden eagle, the peregrine falcon, the snowy owl and the bald eagle. Sea and semi-aquatic birds seen in Quebec are mostly the Canada goose, the double-crested cormorant, the northern gannet, the European herring gull, the great blue heron, the sandhill crane, the Atlantic puffin and the common loon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Canadian boreal forest covers 27% of the area of Quebec. The mixed forest is a transition zone between the Canadian boreal forest and deciduous forest. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Most of Quebec's population lives in this area of vegetation, almost entirely along the banks of the Saint Lawrence. Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. The total forest area of Quebec is estimated at 750,300 km2 (289,700 sq mi). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec However, in 1774, the Quebec Act more or less restores the lands back to the size they were before the conquest. Around this time, instructions are issued to the colony of Newfoundland, requiring them to supervise Labrador's coasts, even though Labrador belongs to the Province of Quebec not Newfoundland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From 1837 to 1838, the Lower Canada Rebellion occurs. In 1840, the British Parliament decide that a proper response to the Lower Canada Rebellion is to try to forcefully assimilate the French-speaking Lower Canada by re-fusing Lower Canada and Upper Canada together, creating the Province of Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1840, the British Parliament decide that a proper response to the Lower Canada Rebellion is to try to forcefully assimilate the French-speaking Lower Canada by re-fusing Lower Canada and Upper Canada together, creating the Province of Canada. Lower Canada is renamed Canada East and Upper Canada is renamed Canada West. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From there, they and their descendants then populated the different regions of the continent. The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec On July 3, 1608, with the support of King Henri IV, he founded the Habitation de Québec (now Quebec City) on Cap Diamant and made it the capital of New France and all of its regions (which, at the time, were Acadia, Canada and Plaisance in Newfoundland). The settlement was built as a permanent fur trading outpost. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Many notable battles and exchanges of land took place. In 1690, the Battle of Quebec became the first time Québec's defenses were tested. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The British won on September 13, 1759. Five days later, the king's lieutenant and Lord of Ramezay concluded the Articles of Capitulation of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From this point on, the Canadiens were subordinated to the government of the British Empire and circumscribed to a region of St. Lawrence valley called the Province of Quebec. Canadiens were not happy with British rule. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec They made a Declaration of Independence in 1838, guaranteeing human rights and equality for all citizens without discrimination. Their actions resulted in rebellions in both Lower and Upper Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Lower Canada became the francophone and densely populated Canada East, and Upper Canada became the anglophone and sparsely populated Canada West. This union, unsurprisingly, was the main source of political instability until 1867. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The under-represented political weight of Canada East was quickly called into question by debates on Rep by Pop. In 1844, the capital of the Province of Canada was moved from Kingston to Montreal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This would sow the seeds for the future conscription protests of the World Wars. In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. This helped slow the Grande Hémorragie by allowing Quebec to export its finished products to the US instead of its labour force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec At this point in time, companies rarely recognized the majority language of Quebec. Clerico-nationalists eventually started to fall out of favour in the federal elections of 1911. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Unlike English Canadians, who felt a connection to the British Empire, French Canadians felt no connection to anyone in Europe. Furthermore, Canada was not threatened by the enemy, who was an ocean away and uninterested in conquering Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec There, he adressed a crowd of more than 100,000 Québécois, making a speech and ending it with the exclamation: "Vive le Québec Libre!" ("Long live free Quebec"). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec During the campaign, Pierre Trudeau had stated that a NO vote was a vote for patriation of Canada's constitution. As such, after the referendum, Lévesque went back to Ottawa to start negotiating a new constitution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1995, in a political spirit influenced by the Commission on the Political and Constitutional Future of Quebec, Jacques Parizeau and his government called a referendum on Quebec's independence from Canada. This consultation ended in failure for sovereignists, and therefore in the maintenance of the province within the federation, though the final outcome was very close: 50.6% NO and 49.4% --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec More than 2,500 sites in Quebec today are protected areas. As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. The origins of the lands of the State can be traced back to New France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's forests are essentially public property. The calculation of annual cutting possibilities is the responsibility of the Bureau du forestier en chef. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec When Jean Charest's government decided in 2012 to sharply increase university fees, students protests erupted. Because of these protests, Quebec's tuition fees remain relatively low today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec law comes from the four classic sources of law: legislation, case law, doctrine and customary law. Legislation is the primary source in Quebec law. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec law can be divided into 2 spheres: private law and public law. Private law concerns the relations between individuals, while public law deals with the rules that govern the Québécois government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec For historical reasons, the Droit civil du Québec has been strongly influenced by the civil law of France. Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. Quebec constitutional law is the area of law that governs the rules surrounding the Quebec government, the Parliament of Quebec and Quebec's various courts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. At the bottom, there are the municipal courts, tribunal des professions, tribunal des droits de la personne, tribunaux administratifs, Court of Quebec, etc. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Court of Appeal serves two purposes. First, it is the general court of appeal for première instance judgements in Quebec Law. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This means that it hears appeals coming from the Superior Court, the Court of Quebec and several administrative courts. Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. The Court of Appeal renders more than 1,500 judgments per year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Court of Quebec, the municipal courts, the Human Rights Tribunal and the Professions Tribunal are all courts of first instance, or lower courts. Their powers are limited to the powers that are given to them by the authority which created them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Their powers are limited to the powers that are given to them by the authority which created them. In addition, the Court of Quebec is made up of three chambers: the Youth Division, the Criminal and Penal Division and the Civil Division. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The indigenous communities of Quebec have their own police forces. The RCMP has the power to enforce certain federal laws in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. Switzerland (1,48), Portugal (1,42), Japan (1,36), Italy (1,29), etc.) or lower (ex. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. United States, France, Germany, etc.) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec They generally spoke a variety of regional languages of the Oïl language family. Thus, creating the need for the colonists to "unify their patois" ("unite their dialects") and creating Quebec French. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The British conquest of 1759 turned the evolution of French in Quebec and North America upside down. By having ties severed with France, the French spoken in Quebec definitively separated from the French spoken in metropolitan France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Efforts have been made to preserve the primacy of the French language in Quebec. Such efforts include: enstating the Charter of the French language, Quebec's participation in the Francophonie since 1971, French immigration to Quebec, etc. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The term "allophone" is used to refer to people whose mother tongue is neither French nor English. We can distinguish two groups of allophones: people who speak indigenous languages, and those who speak so-called immigrant languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The indigenous peoples of Quebec have inhabited the region for several millennia. Each community possesses its own social structure, culture and territorial entity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Because this extension was enacted without the participation of the federal government, the extended Indigenous rights only exist in Quebec. In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval. Quebec houses an Acadian community spread out across several regions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. Quebec's economy has traditionally been fuelled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and average productivity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As of 2011, it employs about 50,000 people in 158 companies. The pulp and paper industry generates annual shipments valued at more than $14 billion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec However, only 40% of the mineral potential of Quebec is currently known. In 2003, the value of mineral exploitation reached Quebec 3.7 billion Canadian dollars. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As Quebec has few significant deposits of fossil fuels, all hydrocarbons are imported. Refiners' sourcing strategies have varied over time and have depended on market conditions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Refiners' sourcing strategies have varied over time and have depended on market conditions. In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec 70% of tourism-related businesses are located in or close to Montreal or Québec. It is estimated that, in 2010, Quebec welcomed 25.8 million tourists. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec William Osler, Wilder Penfield, Donald Hebb, Brenda Milner, and others made significant discoveries in medicine, neuroscience and psychology while working at McGill University in Montreal. Quebec has more than 450 biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies which together employ more than 25,000 people and 10,000 highly qualified researchers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Concerning rail transport, Quebec has 6,678 km (4,150 mi) of railways integrated in the large North American network. Although primarily intended for the transport of goods through companies such as the Canadian National (CN) and the Canadian Pacific (CP), the Quebec railway network is also used by inter-city passengers via Via Rail Canada and Amtrak. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec They ensure the distribution of different services on the territories they are assigned to. Quebec possess approximately 140 hospitals for general or specialised care (CHSGS). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is a free and democratic society that abides by the rule of law. The Government of Quebec cites five statements that represent the key values of Québécois society: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Artis and the Gemini Awards gala recognize the personalities of television and radio industry in Quebec and French Canada. The Film Festival of the 3 Americas, Quebec City, the Festival of International Short Film, Saguenay, the World Film Festival and the Festival of New Cinema, Montreal, are other annual events surrounding the film industry in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec by Armand Vaillancourt in San Francisco. The Montreal School of Fine Arts forms the painters, printmakers and sculptors of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec has produced cheese for centuries. Most of the first cheeses were soft cheeses, but after the Conquest of New France, hard cheese began to be created as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec It was at this moment that the monks of La Trappe of Oka began to produce the famous Oka cheese. Today there are over 700 different cheeses in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Sports in Quebec constitutes an essential dimension of Quebec culture. The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. Ice hockey remains the national sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Many were passed on through generations by what French speaking Québécois refer to as Les Raconteurs, or storytellers. Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. The Devil, for instance, appears often as either a person, an animal or monster, or indirectly through Demonic acts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Association Quebecoise des Loisirs Folkloriques is an organization committed to preserving and disseminating Quebec's folklore heritage. It produces a number of publications and recordings, as well as sponsoring other activities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Each new village would build its own church, often being inspired by the churches of Québec and Montreal in the process. These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec With a membership rate of 75% among the Québécois population, Catholicism is the main religion in Quebec, although the traditional practice is followed by 10% of believers in Quebec. From the beginning of Canada, and throughout French-Canadian history, catholicism and the Catholic Church have played a preponderant role in the social and political development of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec During the early French Regime, the number of protestant immigrants was estimated to be 1,450 people. In 1627, protestantism became no longer tolerated in New France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1627, protestantism became no longer tolerated in New France. After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. This was because the English immigrants who came to certain regions of Quebec followed this religion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The snowy owl, the avian emblem of Quebec since 1987. It was selected by the Québécois government to symbolize Quebec's winters and northern climate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Fédération France-Québec and the francophonie are a few of the tools used for relations between Quebec and France. In Paris, a place du Québec was inaugurated in 1980 and renovated in 2011. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In Paris, a place du Québec was inaugurated in 1980 and renovated in 2011. Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. Quebec and the UK currently share the same head of state. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec possesses a network of 32 offices in 18 countries. These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. Quebec, like other Canadian provinces, also maintains representatives in some Canadian embassies and consulates general. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The earliest immigrants to the Canadian prairies were French Canadians from Quebec. These individuals were usually involved in the fur trade and frequented the aboriginals of the area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec These individuals were usually involved in the fur trade and frequented the aboriginals of the area. Most Franco-Albertans, Fransaskois and Franco-Manitobans are descended from these emigrants from Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In addition, in the U.S. state of Florida, 3 Desjardins branches exist to assist Québécois snowbirds. In the realm of litterature and international publishing, the Québec Édition group is a committee created by the National Association of Book Editors dedicated to the international influence of French-language publishings from Quebec and Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As of July 2016 the city had a population of 531,902, and the metropolitan area had a population of 800,296. It is the eleventh-largest city and the seventh-largest metropolitan area in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City In English, the city and the province are officially distinguished by the fact that the province does not have an accented é and the city does. Informally, however, the accent is usually omitted in common usage, so the unofficial form "Quebec City" is used to distinguish the city from the province. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City Quebec was the headquarters of many raids against New England during the four French and Indian Wars. In 1690 the city was attacked by the English, but was successfully defended. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The Americans did not attack Canada after the War of 1812, but the Citadelle continued to house a large British garrison until 1871. It is still in use by the military and is also a tourist attraction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The Second Quebec Conference was held in 1944, and was attended by Churchill and Roosevelt. They took place in the buildings of the Citadelle and at the nearby Château Frontenac. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The climate of Quebec City is classified as humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfb).Quebec City experiences four distinct seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The median age is 43.3 years of age compared to 41.2 years of age for Canada as a whole. In the five years between 2011 and 2016, the population of Quebec City grew by 3%.In 2016, 6.4% of Quebec City residents reported visible minority status, a relatively low figure for a large city; the national average was 22.3%. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The Videotron Centre was built with the hope of getting an NHL franchise (relocation or expansion) in Quebec City. The project was funded regardless of whether an NHL team arrives. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. It has now replaced the Colisée Pepsi as the main multifunctional arena in Quebec City. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City Quebec City holds the Coop FIS Cross-Country World Cup. This is a ski event that welcomes the best of that sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The first, which occurred in 1980, asked whether Quebeckers wished to open constitutional negotiations with the federal government (and other provinces) for the intended purpose of establishing a "sovereignty-association" pact between the province of Quebec and the rest of Canada. Approximately 60% of Quebec's voting public rejected the idea put forth by Parti Québécois leader René Lévesque. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement English-speaking, while New Brunswick is officially bilingual and about one-third Francophone. Another rationale is based on resentment of anti-Quebec sentiment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement With regard to the creation of the sovereignist movement, language issues were but a sub-stratum of larger cultural, social and political differences. Many scholars point to historical events as framing the cause for ongoing support for sovereignty in Quebec, while more contemporary politicians may point to the aftermath of more recent developments like the Canada Act of 1982, --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Regardless of Quebec government's refusal to approve the 1982 constitutional amendment because the promised reforms were not implemented, the amendment went into effect. To many in Quebec, the 1982 constitutional amendment without Quebec's approval is still viewed as a historic political wound. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a Mohawk from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement The creation of a political and economic association between this new independent state and Canada. It was first presented in Lévesque's political manifesto, Option Québec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement The Quiet Revolution in Quebec brought widespread change in the 1960s. Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement At its seventh national convention from June 1 to 3, 1979, the sovereignist adopted their strategy for the coming referendum. The PQ then began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Parizeau promptly advised the Lieutenant Governor to call a new referendum. The 1995 referendum question differed from the 1980 question in that the negotiation of an association with Canada was now optional. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. Do you personally consider that Quebecers form a nation or not?" --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Do you personally consider that Quebecers form a nation or not?" Canadians from every region outside Quebec, non-Francophone Quebecers (62 per cent), Francophone Canadians outside Quebec (77 per cent) all rejected the idea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement In the movie, the Parti Québécois has formed the government of Quebec but Premier Gaston Belisle has repeatedly put off its promise to hold a referendum. International politics forces Belisle's hand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement This is later demonstrated in the series when Québécois soldiers release their US counterparts from occupation duties in Canada during the Second Great War, allowing the United States to focus its military efforts against the Confederacy. The Republic of Quebec in this alternate timeline is in a similar geopolitical situation to the Kingdom of Poland, a German puppet state created as part of Mitteleuropa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Canada's nationality law closely mirrored that of the United Kingdom. Legislation since the mid-20th century represents Canadians' commitment to multilateralism and socioeconomic development. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians Block settlement communities were established throughout western Canada between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some were planned and others were spontaneously created by the settlers themselves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians Some were planned and others were spontaneously created by the settlers themselves. Canada was now receiving a large number of European immigrants, predominantly Italians, Germans, Scandinavians, Dutch, Poles, and Ukrainians. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians The Government of Canada has also influenced culture with programs, laws, and institutions. It has created Crown corporations to promote Canadian culture through media and has also tried to protect Canadian culture by setting legal minimums on Canadian content. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians The first Canadian mosque was constructed in Edmonton, in 1938, when there were approximately 700 Muslims in Canada. Buddhism first arrived in Canada when Japanese immigrated during the late 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians Buddhism first arrived in Canada when Japanese immigrated during the late 19th century. The first Japanese Buddhist temple in Canada was built in Vancouver in 1905. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians There are only 47 speakers of the Inuit sign language Inuktitut. English and French are recognized by the Constitution of Canada as official languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians English and French are recognized by the Constitution of Canada as official languages. All federal government laws are thus enacted in both English and French, with government services available in both languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canadians Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia. By land area alone, however, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest proportion of fresh water lakes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. These ecozones encompass over 80,000 classified species of Canadian wildlife, with an equal number yet to be formally recognized or discovered. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada's three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. The territorial legislatures also differ structurally from their provincial counterparts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada The Bank of Canada is the sole authority authorized to issue currency in the form of Canadian bank notes. The bank does not issue Canadian coins; they are issued by the Royal Canadian Mint. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada The federal Cabinet also appoints justices to superior courts in the provincial and territorial jurisdictions. Common law prevails everywhere except in Quebec, where civil law predominates. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada's total military expenditure is expected to reach CA$32.7 billion by 2027. Canada's military currently has over 3000 personnel deployed overseas, including in Iraq, Ukraine, and the Caribbean Sea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada In 2019, a total of 341,180 immigrants were admitted to Canada, mainly from Asia. India, Philippines and China are the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Healthcare in Canada is delivered through the provincial and territorial systems of publicly funded health care, informally called Medicare. It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984, and is universal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local governments. Education is within provincial jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by the province. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Education is within provincial jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by the province. Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. Education in both English and French is available in most places across Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Education in both English and French is available in most places across Canada. Canadian provinces and territories are responsible for education provision. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada has a large number of Universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. Established in 1663, Université Laval is the oldest post-secondary institution in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada spends about 5.3 percent of its GDP on education. The country invests heavily in tertiary education (more than US$20,000 per student). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. The practice of religion is now generally considered a private matter throughout society and the state. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Islam is the largest non-Christian religion in Canada, constituting 3.2 percent of its population. It is also the fastest growing religion in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. Through their language, art and music, Indigenous peoples continue to influence the Canadian identity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada The use of the maple leaf as a Canadian symbol dates to the early 18th century. The maple leaf is depicted on Canada's current and previous flags, and on the Arms of Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada Material items such as Canadian beer, maple syrup, tuques, canoes, nanaimo bars, butter tarts and the Quebec dish of poutine are defined as uniquely Canadian. Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50¢ piece, the beaver on the nickel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada The national anthem of Canada, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Théodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony, and was officially adopted in 1980. Calixa Lavallée wrote the music, which was a setting of a patriotic poem composed by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Canada It soon became clear Lafleur's best years were far behind him. "The Flower" managed only 24 goals in 98 games with Quebec over two seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques They picked junior star Eric Lindros, even though he had let it be known well in advance that he would never play for Quebec. Among the reasons, Lindros cited distance, lack of marketing potential, and having to speak French. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques There were originally, in effect, only two ranks to the Order of Canada: Companion and the Medal of Service. There was, however, also a third award, the Medal of Courage, meant to recognize acts of gallantry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Order of Canada Decisions of the council and new appointments to and dismissals from the Order of Canada are announced through the Canada Gazette. As of January 2020, the members of the advisory council are: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Order of Canada Indigenous Peoples in Canada (also known as Aboriginals or First Peoples) are the indigenous peoples within the boundaries of Canada. They comprise the First Nations, Inuit and Métis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada Language contributes to the identity of a people by influencing social life ways and spiritual practices. Aboriginal religions developed from anthropomorphism and animism philosophies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada The Central Arctic Inuit lacked the population density to engage in warfare. In the 13th century, the Thule culture began arriving in Greenland from what is now Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada Those people accepted into band membership under band rules may not be status Indians. C-31 clarified that various sections of the Indian Act would apply to band members. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada For the people of the plains, bison hunting was the primary activity. In the subarctic forest, other species such as the moose were more important. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada These musical instruments provide the background for songs, and songs the background for dances. Traditional First Nations people consider song and dance to be sacred. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indigenous peoples in Canada Canada's population grew by 5.0% between the 2006 and 2011 censuses. Except for New Brunswick, all territories and provinces increased in population during this time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Provinces and territories of Canada In 1999, Nunavut was created from the eastern portion of the Northwest Territories. Yukon lies in the western portion of Northern Canada, while Nunavut is in the east. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Provinces and territories of Canada † Quebec's lower house was previously called the "Legislative Assembly" with members titled "Member of the Legislative Assembly". The name was changed at the same time Quebec's upper house was abolished. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Provinces and territories of Canada Even though the building's symmetrical layout with a frontal clock tower in the middle is typical of legislative institutions of British heritage, the architectural style is believed to be unique among parliament buildings found in other Canadian provincial capitals. Its façade presents a pantheon representing significant events and people of the history of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Assembly of Quebec In Canada's provinces, the monarch in right of each is represented by a lieutenant governor. As territories fall under the federal jurisdiction, they each have a commissioner, rather than a lieutenant governor, who represents the federal Crown-in-Council directly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Monarchy of Canada Princess Anne used it again when speaking at Rideau Hall in 2014. By 2011, both Canadian and British media were referring to "Canada's royal family" or the "Canadian royal family". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Monarchy of Canada A number of buildings across Canada are reserved by the Crown for the use of the monarch and her viceroys. Each is called Government House, but may be customarily known by some specific name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Monarchy of Canada The Métis Nation have the homeland in Montana, as well as in Western Canada, that have been separated by the drawing of the U.S.-Canada border at the 49th parallel North. Alberta is the only province in Canada with a recognized Métis Nation land base; the eight Métis Nation Settlements, with a population of approximately 5,000 people on 1.25 million acres (5060 km2). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis But they do not have a federally recognized status in the United States, except as enrolled members of federally recognized tribes. Although Métis existed farther west than today's Manitoba, much less is known about the Métis of Northern Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis Métis heritage (and thereby Aboriginal ancestry) is more common than is generally realized. Geneticists estimate that 50 percent of today's population in Western Canada has some Aboriginal ancestry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis The Métis did not sign treaties with Canada, with the exception of an adhesion to Treaty 3 in Northwest Ontario. This adherence was never implemented by the federal government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis An 1870 census of Manitoba classified the population as follows: 11,963 total people. Of this number 558 were defined as Indians (First Nations). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis There were 5,757 Métis and 4,083 English-speaking Mixed Bloods. The remaining 1,565 people were of predominately European, Canadian or American background. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis The Métis today predominantly speak Canadian English, with Canadian French a strong second language, as well as numerous Aboriginal tongues. Métis French is best preserved in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis Often both sides felt such marriages were beneficial in strengthening the fur trade. Indigenous women often served as interpreters and could introduce their men to their people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis However, because of the lack of desire to cause conflict with the Canadian military the American military rejected his proposition. He then tried to create an international alliance between the Aboriginal and Metis people, which wasn't a success either. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis These small villages were squatter's villages along Crown land outside of established villages in the prairies of Canada. These villages were often burned by local authorities and had to be rebuilt by surviving members of the communities who lived in them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis Barkwell, Lawrence. " Métis Rights and Land Claims in Canada" Accessed September 1, 2019, annotated Bibliography --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Métis Promotion through the grades is possible for both substantive and honorary members. Admission recognizes conspicuous meritorious actions that improve or support Quebec and/or its language and culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Order of Quebec
11529.	Q: What did British actor Kunal Nayyar have sitting next to his name tag at the 2009 Comic-Con? Title = Kunal Nayyar 2 Description = A: A stack of cups. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: New York Comic Con, MCM London Comic Con, Eisner Award, Big Apple Comic Con, Jake Smollett, Comic-Con Paris, Elyes Gabel, Criminal: UK, Comic book convention, Baltimore Comic-Con, Angel Coulby, Kunal Nayyar, Raj Kapoor, Kunal (disambiguation), San Diego Comic-Con, Raj Koothrappali, Ajay Nayyar, Asha Bhosle, Wizard Entertainment, Dr. Cabbie Toggle details	Kunal Nayyar (, kuu-NAHL NY-ər; born 30 April 1981) is a British-Indian actor. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Kunal Nayyar In 2009, the name Kultima was abandoned, the convention then was renamed to Comic-Con on the model of American Comic-Con, an American pioneer culture of comics and science fiction. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Comic-Con Paris The name, as given on its website, is Comic-Con International: San Diego; but it is commonly known simply as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con or "SDCC". --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) San Diego Comic-Con The entire cast of The Middleman sat on the panel for Comic-Con in July 2009. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Jake Smollett In 2009, the Big Apple Comic Con was purchased by Wizard Entertainment; Michael Carbonaro was retained as a senior adviser. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Big Apple Comic Con Rajesh "Raj" Ramayan Koothrappali, Ph.D. is a fictional character on the CBS television series The Big Bang Theory, portrayed by British actor Kunal Nayyar. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Raj Koothrappali It took place for the first time in the exhibition Paris-Nord Villepinte in November 2007. In 2009, the name Kultima was abandoned, the convention then was renamed to Comic-Con on the model of American Comic-Con, an American pioneer culture of comics and science fiction. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Comic-Con Paris In 2009, Wizard World also acquired the Paradise Comics Toronto Comicon. Beginning in 2010, Wizard Entertainment produced a "North American Comic Con" tour. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Comic book convention After participating in the American College Theater Festival, Nayyar decided to become an actor. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Kunal Nayyar Comic-Con International also produces WonderCon, held in Anaheim, and SAM: --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Diego Comic-Con In the past, most sites have not required a Comic-Con badge. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, Comic-Con entered into negotiations with San Diego. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Diego Comic-Con In 2012, the New York Anime festival was absorbed into Comic Con. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) New York Comic Con Other comic-related awards given at the San Diego Comic Con: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Eisner Award In 2015, working with Lionsgate, a video channel was created to host Comic-Con related content. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Diego Comic-Con In season 5, episode six, of the Showtime show Weeds, attendees from Comic-Con 2009 are seen in Silas and Doug's medicinal marijuana club. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Diego Comic-Con There are three types of exhibitors at San Diego Comic Con. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Diego Comic-Con On September 30, 2010, Comic Con announced that they had extended their stay up to 2015. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Diego Comic-Con They then filed a motion in an Arizona Federal Court to strike down San Diego Comic Convention's trademark In 2017, the Salt Lake Comic Con changed its name to FanX Salt Lake Comic Convention (or just FanX). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Diego Comic-Con Ajay Pratap Singh Nayyar (born 21 September 1982) is a British-Indian film, television and stage actor, producer and director. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ajay Nayyar Kids' Day programming was added to the convention on Sunday with the help of Kids's Comic Con. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) New York Comic Con The Eastern Championships of Cosplay have been held at New York Comic Con since 2014. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) New York Comic Con In the following year, 2014, the Eagle Award was presented under its new name — first The Stan Lee Eagle Award and then the True Believer Comic Awards — at the London Film and Comic Con. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) MCM London Comic Con In the following year, 2014, the Eagle Award was presented under its new name — first The Stan Lee Eagle Award and then the True Believer Comic Awards — at the London Film and Comic Con. They have not been awarded since. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) MCM London Comic Con In 2009, the Big Apple Comic Con was purchased by Wizard Entertainment; Michael Carbonaro was retained as a senior adviser. The first show under Wizard was held October 2009 at Pier 94 in Manhattan. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Big Apple Comic Con Jake portrayed Noser, a character derived from Javier Grillo-Marxuach's comic book. The entire cast of The Middleman sat on the panel for Comic-Con in July 2009. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jake Smollett Beginning in 2010, Wizard Entertainment produced a "North American Comic Con" tour. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Comic book convention Don Thompson Award – presented at Motor City Comic Con (1992–1998) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Comic book convention Lulu Award – presented at San Diego Comic-Con International (1997–2009) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Comic book convention The Baltimore Comic-Con is a comic book-oriented fan convention held annually in Baltimore since 2000. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Baltimore Comic-Con Kunal Nayyar (, kuu-NAHL NY-ər; born 30 April 1981) is a British-Indian actor. He is known for portraying Raj Koothrappali on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory (2007–2019), and voicing Vijay on the Nickelodeon animated sitcom Sanjay and Craig (2013–2016). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Kunal Nayyar Like most comic book conventions, Comic-Con features a large floorspace for exhibitors. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Diego Comic-Con Capacity attendance at Comic-Con in 2006 and 2007 has caused crowding issues. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Diego Comic-Con As a result of these negotiations, Comic-Con entered into a contract to stay in San Diego through 2018. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Diego Comic-Con And like most comics conventions, Comic-Con includes an autograph area, as well as the Artists' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches. Despite the name, artists' alleys can include writers and even models. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Diego Comic-Con The New York Anime Festival, previously a separate event created by Reed, was also merged into Comic Con. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New York Comic Con Instead, a virtual event called "New York Comic Con X MCM Comic Con Metaverse" was on those dates. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New York Comic Con Starting in 2010 the New York Anime Festival has been held with the New York Comic Con, bringing the two cultures together. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New York Comic Con Kids' Day programming was added to the convention on Sunday with the help of Kids's Comic Con. The fourth con held in 2009 returned to February and featured a charity art auction to support The Hero Initiative. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New York Comic Con They were held at the MCM London Comic Con each May from 2010 until 2012, after which they were renamed the MCM Award in 2013. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) MCM London Comic Con Big Apple Comic Con (est. 1996 in New York City) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Comic book convention In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, both WonderCon and Dragon Con have been canceled, and San Diego Comic-Con moved their programming online. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Comic book convention Alley Award – presented at Academy Con (1965–1967) and Comic Art Convention (1968–1970) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Comic book convention The 2020 Comic-Con was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for the same dates as a virtual event. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Baltimore Comic-Con The Harvey Awards were held every year at the Baltimore Comic-Con from 2006 to 2016, when they moved to a new venue. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Baltimore Comic-Con Yet, in 2009, the estimated economic impact was criticized for allegedly negatively impacting seasonal businesses outside of Comic-Con, low individual spending estimates of attendees, that a large number of attendees live in San Diego, and that the impact of the convention was more cultural than financial. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con During the 2018 Comic-Con International, one reason stated for why the museum had not yet opened was the need for additional funds. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con The other neighboring hotel, the Marriott Marquis & Marina, also hosts a lot of Comic-Con activity. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In the 21st century, the convention has drawn toy and collectibles designers who sell "Comic-Con Exclusive" products. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con featured at some length in the 2011 movie Paul which stars Simon Pegg and Nick Frost. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con Origin Stories of the San Diego Comic-Con and the Rise of Modern Fandom . --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con The Comic-Con Magazine debuted as Update in July 2005 and mainly focused on the winners of the Eisner Awards. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con The new Comic-Con Magazine features interviews with Comic-Con attendees and complete coverage of the Comic-Con events. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In 2018, it was estimated that nearly 200,000 people will be in Downtown San Diego due to Comic-Con related exhibits and events. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In 2006, Comic-Con, for the first time, had to close registration for a few hours on Saturday to accommodate crowds. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In response, for 2007, Comic-Con introduced a new three-day membership that did not include Saturday. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con Due to the proposed expansion of the convention center, Comic Con extended its contract for San Diego to 2016. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con Other cities, including Los Angeles, began to seek to have Comic-Con move out of San Diego; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con On January 16, 2018, Salt Lake Comic Con filed a motion for a new trial. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con San Diego Comic-Con International is a comic book convention and nonprofit multi-genre entertainment held annually in San Diego, California, United States since 1970. The name, as given on its website, is Comic-Con International: San Diego; but it is commonly known simply as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con or "SDCC". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In an episode of Punk'd, Hilary Swank gets Punk'd after an "attack from talking robot". In season 5, episode six, of the Showtime show Weeds, attendees from Comic-Con 2009 are seen in Silas and Doug's medicinal marijuana club. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, Comic-Con entered into negotiations with San Diego. As a result of these negotiations, Comic-Con entered into a contract to stay in San Diego through 2018. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Diego Comic-Con Rajesh "Raj" Ramayan Koothrappali, Ph.D. is a fictional character on the CBS television series The Big Bang Theory, portrayed by British actor Kunal Nayyar. He is one of the four characters, along with Howard Wolowitz, Sheldon Cooper, and Leonard Hofstadter, to appear in every episode of The Big Bang Theory. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Raj Koothrappali Ajay is the third cousin far removed of the Big Bang Theory actor Kunal Nayyer. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ajay Nayyar In 2009, Wizard World acquired the Big Apple Comic Con, New York City's longest-running comic book, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and pop culture convention. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wizard Entertainment The American Anime Awards, hosted by New York Comic Con, was held on February 24 at the New Yorker Hotel, during the Comic Con. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New York Comic Con Intel Extreme Masters Global Challenge – New York took place in Comic Con 2011. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New York Comic Con Starting in 2010 the New York Anime Festival has been held with the New York Comic Con, bringing the two cultures together. In 2012, the New York Anime festival was absorbed into Comic Con. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New York Comic Con They were held at the MCM London Comic Con each May from 2010 until 2012, after which they were renamed the MCM Award in 2013. In the following year, 2014, the Eagle Award was presented under its new name — first The Stan Lee Eagle Award and then the True Believer Comic Awards — at the London Film and Comic Con. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) MCM London Comic Con The three-day show evolved into San Diego Comic-Con International, and now attracts 130,000 or more attendees. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Comic book convention England has hosted comic book conventions since 1968 (the British Comic Art Convention), but historically had trouble sustaining any one recurring show. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Comic book convention Forbes listed Nayyar as the world's third-highest-paid television actor in 2015 and 2018, with earnings of US$20 million and US$23.5 million, respectively. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kunal Nayyar He started taking acting classes and appeared in several school plays while working on his degree. After participating in the American College Theater Festival, Nayyar decided to become an actor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kunal Nayyar Storytelling Across Media, a conference held in 2016 in San Francisco and beginning in 2018 annually at the Comic-Con Museum in San Diego. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, through a limited liability company, Comic-Con International purchased three buildings in Barrio Logan. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con In season 4 of Beauty and the Geek, an episode was featured where the contestants traveled to Comic-Con 07 and were given a challenge to create their own superheroes. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con 1992-1995 the Con partnered with Dark Horse Comics for an annual San Diego Comic Con Comics giveaway to attendees spotlighting characters published by Dark Horse. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Filmmaker Morgan Spurlock released a 2011 documentary feature film set at the convention, Comic-Con Episode IV: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Since 2015, Conan O'Brien has recorded a week of live shows from Comic-Con at the nearby Spreckels Theatre. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con A large number of exhibitors from art, comics, games, film, TV, and publishing are at Comic-Con. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Concerns have been raised that the event is possibly too large for the San Diego Convention Center, Comic-Con's home through at least 2022. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con A U.S. court ruled in favor of San Diego Comic-Con and awarded $20,000 in damages (albeit not considering the infringement to be willful). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Phoenix Comiccon changed its name to Phoenix Comic Fest as a proactive move to avoid possible legal issues in the wake of this ruling. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con In recent years, these offsite events have no connection to SDCC. In the past, most sites have not required a Comic-Con badge. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Due to the proposed expansion of the convention center, Comic Con extended its contract for San Diego to 2016. In 2014, convention center expansion was halted due to a lawsuit. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con Other cities, including Los Angeles, began to seek to have Comic-Con move out of San Diego; In 2015, Comic-Con entered into negotiations with San Diego. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con As a result of these negotiations, Comic-Con entered into a contract to stay in San Diego through 2018. In 2017 the commitment to San Diego was extended to 2021. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con A U.S. court ruled in favor of San Diego Comic-Con and awarded $20,000 in damages (albeit not considering the infringement to be willful). Phoenix Comiccon changed its name to Phoenix Comic Fest as a proactive move to avoid possible legal issues in the wake of this ruling. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con They then filed a motion in an Arizona Federal Court to strike down San Diego Comic Convention's trademark In 2017, the Salt Lake Comic Con changed its name to FanX Salt Lake Comic Convention (or just FanX). On January 16, 2018, Salt Lake Comic Con filed a motion for a new trial. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Diego Comic-Con At Howard's bachelor party, Raj mentions that he and Howard had a threesome at Comic-Con with an overweight woman in a Sailor Moon costume. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Raj Koothrappali In 2009, Wizard canceled the Texas event and postponed the Los Angeles convention. In 2009, Wizard World acquired the Big Apple Comic Con, New York City's longest-running comic book, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and pop culture convention. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wizard Entertainment Dr. Cabbie is a 2014 romantic comedy film that stars Kunal Nayyar, Vinay Virmani, and Adrianne Palicki. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dr. Cabbie ReedPop and New York Comic Con were founded by Greg Topalian, former senior vice president of Reed Exhibitions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New York Comic Con Stan Lee was awarded the inaugural New York Comics Legend Award at the Times Square Virgin Megastore before the Comic Con. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New York Comic Con With this addition, attendance at New York Comic Con grew to over 130,000, which placed the attendance of the convention on par with San Diego Comic-Con for the first time ever. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New York Comic Con Produced by Reed Exhibitions, the people behind New York Comic Con, the inaugural event was held from December 7 through December 9, 2007. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New York Comic Con The New York Anime Festival, previously a separate event created by Reed, was also merged into Comic Con. Registration for the combined events was 190 percent ahead of 2009's numbers, convention space was increased by an additional 40 percent, and the anime festival was moved to the lower level of the Javits. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New York Comic Con The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention, the longest-running comic book/speculative fiction/pop culture convention in New York City. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Big Apple Comic Con In 2009, Michael Carbonaro established his own independent one-day convention known as the New York Comic Book Marketplace which ran annually through 2014. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Big Apple Comic Con Comic Con Paris, or previously known as Kultima and Comic-Con', is a French multi-genre entertainment and comic convention held annually in Paris, Île-de-France, France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic-Con Paris In September 2020, Sophie Okonedo, Kit Harington, Sharon Horgan and Kunal Nayyar were announced as guest stars for the second season. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Criminal: UK San Diego Comic-Con International, a multigenre entertainment and comic convention held annually in San Diego since 1970, is the standard bearer for U.S. comic-cons. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention On August 1–3, 1970, Shel Dorf produced the Golden State Comic-Con, held at the U.S. Grant Hotel, in San Diego. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention (The 1995 show was the last comic book convention held at the Javits Center until the New York Comic Con in 2006.) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention Comics-only conventions emerged in response to the sprawling pop culture-focused conventions epitomized by Wizard Entertainment, San Diego Comic Con International, and the New York Comic Con. " --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention Wizard Fan Awards – presented at Dragon Con (1993), Philadelphia Comic Book Spectacular (1994), and Chicago Comicon (1995–2006) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention As of 2020, however, England is host to two long-running, large annual conventions — the MCM London Comic Con (est. 2002) and the London Film and Comic Con (est. 2004). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention England has hosted comic book conventions since 1968 (the British Comic Art Convention), but historically had trouble sustaining any one recurring show. As of 2020, however, England is host to two long-running, large annual conventions — the MCM London Comic Con (est. 2002) and the London Film and Comic Con (est. 2004). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Comic book convention From 5 May to 29 June 2015, Nayyar performed in an off-Broadway production, The Spoils, written by and starring actor Jesse Eisenberg. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kunal Nayyar After participating in the American College Theater Festival, Nayyar decided to become an actor. He then attended Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he received a Master of Fine Arts in acting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kunal Nayyar Comic-Con International is a non-profit organization, and proceeds of the event go to funding it, as well as SAM: Storytelling Across Media and WonderCon. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con And like most comics conventions, Comic-Con includes an autograph area, as well as the Artists' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con Academics and comic industry professionals annually hold the Comics Arts Conference at Comic-Con, presenting scholarly studies on comics as a medium. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con The seed of the Comic-Con Magazine was a short one-shot issue of The Spirit, based on Comic-Con and sold exclusively in 1976 at the San Diego Comic-Con International. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con When it came back, it was as Comic-Con Magazine, which not only covered San Diego Comic-Con International, but also WonderCon and the Alternative Press Expo, more commonly known as APE (which the con owned through 2014). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con This sellout has given rise to the new phenomenon of Comic-Con memberships being scalped for exorbitant prices on websites such as eBay and Craigslist. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con In April 2008, David Glanzer, Comic-Con's director of marketing and public relations, commented on the organization's desire to remain in San Diego: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con International announced that 4-day passes for the 2014 convention (July 24–27) would no longer be available and only single days would be sold. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con The convention has an estimated annual regional economic impact of more than $140 million. Yet, in 2009, the estimated economic impact was criticized for allegedly negatively impacting seasonal businesses outside of Comic-Con, low individual spending estimates of attendees, that a large number of attendees live in San Diego, and that the impact of the convention was more cultural than financial. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con Yet, in 2009, the estimated economic impact was criticized for allegedly negatively impacting seasonal businesses outside of Comic-Con, low individual spending estimates of attendees, that a large number of attendees live in San Diego, and that the impact of the convention was more cultural than financial. The estimated economic impact of that year's convention was $180 million. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con The convention logo was designed by Richard Bruning and Josh Beatman in 1995. In 2015, working with Lionsgate, a video channel was created to host Comic-Con related content. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con Nearly a year after acquiring the lease, the museum was not yet open. During the 2018 Comic-Con International, one reason stated for why the museum had not yet opened was the need for additional funds. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con Filmmaker Morgan Spurlock released a 2011 documentary feature film set at the convention, Comic-Con Episode IV: A Fan's Hope. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con The Comic-Con Magazine debuted as Update in July 2005 and mainly focused on the winners of the Eisner Awards. The last Update issue appeared in July 2008; then it went on hiatus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con However, there are some official offsite events that require a badge. In 2018, it was estimated that nearly 200,000 people will be in Downtown San Diego due to Comic-Con related exhibits and events. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con In response, for 2007, Comic-Con introduced a new three-day membership that did not include Saturday. Nevertheless, the 2007 show went on to sell out Saturday, as well as Friday and Sunday for the first time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Diego Comic-Con They have what Nayyar calls a "bromance". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Raj Koothrappali He reflects upon these fantasies by observing that he is "definitely not gay". At Howard's bachelor party, Raj mentions that he and Howard had a threesome at Comic-Con with an overweight woman in a Sailor Moon costume. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Raj Koothrappali After 1959, she was emotionally and professionally involved with Nayyar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Asha Bhosle Wizard gave up the New York market after 2013 due to the dominance of the New York Comic Con, produced by ReedPop, a division of Reed Exhibitions and Reed Elsevier. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wizard Entertainment In 2009, Wizard World also acquired the Paradise Comics Toronto Comicon. Wizard Entertainment's 2010 North American Comic Con tour included city stops in Toronto, Anaheim, Philadelphia, Chicago, New York City, Austin, and Boston. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wizard Entertainment Dr. Cabbie is a 2014 romantic comedy film that stars Kunal Nayyar, Vinay Virmani, and Adrianne Palicki. An Indo-Canadian co-production, the film is directed by Jean-François Pouliot and co-produced by Bollywood actor, Salman Khan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dr. Cabbie The fourth con held in 2009 returned to February and featured a charity art auction to support The Hero Initiative. Due to scheduling conflicts with the Javits Center for spring dates and the creation of the Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo by Reed, New York Comic Con was moved to October for Halloween starting in 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New York Comic Con However, in August, the event's organizers announced the cancellation of their in-person event, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Instead, a virtual event called "New York Comic Con X MCM Comic Con Metaverse" was on those dates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New York Comic Con Instead, a virtual event called "New York Comic Con X MCM Comic Con Metaverse" was on those dates. Tickets to the 2020 in-person event had not gone on sale prior to its cancellation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New York Comic Con The MCM London Comic Con (formerly known as the London MCM Expo) is a speculative fiction fan convention held in the London Borough of Newham twice yearly, usually on the last weekend in May and October. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) MCM London Comic Con The Eagle Awards were founded in 1977 and were the longest-running fan-voted awards for the comic industry. They were held at the MCM London Comic Con each May from 2010 until 2012, after which they were renamed the MCM Award in 2013. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) MCM London Comic Con Though not branded as a "Big Apple Convention" and not affiliated with Wizard World, some might consider the next iteration of the Big Apple Comic Con to have been held on March 31, 2012, at the Penn Plaza Pavilion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Big Apple Comic Con During its heyday from 2001 to 2008, the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year, with a large three-day "national" convention held in November, usually held at the Penn Plaza Pavilion. The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013, but is now back in the hands of Carbonaro. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Big Apple Comic Con In 2014, the name "Big Apple Convention" was revived by Carbonaro for a show scheduled for March 7, 2015. The Big Apple Comic Convention has continued yearly since then, the latest show April 14–15, 2018. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Big Apple Comic Con In 2020, he joined the cast of an upcoming thriller Suspicion (upcoming TV series) on Apple TV+ based on the Israeli thriller TV series False Flag (TV series), alongside Uma Thurman and Kunal Nayyar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Elyes Gabel In 1966, comic book conventions continued to evolve and expand, The July 23–24 New York Comicon (not to be confused with the later New York Comic Con) was held at the Park Sheraton Hotel, in New York. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Comic book convention As a substitute event, comic book retailer Michael Carbonaro and others on the spur of the moment mounted the first Big Apple Comic Con, now a long-running show. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Comic book convention Comic Arts Brooklyn (CAB) (formerly known as Brooklyn Comics and Graphics Fest [BCGF]), Brooklyn, New York (2009–present) – produced by the retailer Desert Island Comics --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Comic book convention From 1984 to c. 1994, a trade fair called the "San Diego Comic Book Expo" was held in association with the San Diego Comic-Con; David Scroggy was the organizer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con According to Forbes, the convention is the "largest convention of its kind in the world;" Publishers Weekly wrote "Comic-Con International: San Diego is the largest show in North America;" it is also the largest convention held in San Diego. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con In 2018 Comic-Con International purchased a 29,000-square-foot (2,700 m2) office in San Diego's Little Italy neighborhood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con International has served as the setting for Mark Hamill's Comic Book: The Movie, and for an episode of the HBO television series Entourage, the latter of which, while set at the event, was not filmed there. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, the Food Network series Cake Masters had an episode where Duff Goldman presented a cake at Comic-Con to the cast of Fantastic Four. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con The podcast is a six-part mini-series chronicling the birth and evolution of the San Diego Comic-Con, and is told by over 50 of the original contributors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con The fourth issue of Comic-Con Magazine was a hybrid with Comic-Con's Souvenir Book with cover art by Alex Ross, in full color and exclusive to Comic-Con attendees. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con International also produces WonderCon, held in Anaheim, and SAM: Storytelling Across Media, a conference held in 2016 in San Francisco and beginning in 2018 annually at the Comic-Con Museum in San Diego. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, working with Lionsgate, a video channel was created to host Comic-Con related content. In 2015, through a limited liability company, Comic-Con International purchased three buildings in Barrio Logan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con The other neighboring hotel, the Marriott Marquis & Marina, also hosts a lot of Comic-Con activity. Among other things, the hotel serves as the anime headquarters and is where the nighttime films are shown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con The convention also featured prominently as a setting for the Numb3rs episode "Graphic". In season 4 of Beauty and the Geek, an episode was featured where the contestants traveled to Comic-Con 07 and were given a challenge to create their own superheroes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con There are three types of exhibitors at San Diego Comic Con. Inside the convention center, which requires a badge to visit during the convention, includes artists alley and the main exhibitor hall. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con In 2006, Comic-Con, for the first time, had to close registration for a few hours on Saturday to accommodate crowds. In response, for 2007, Comic-Con introduced a new three-day membership that did not include Saturday. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con Mark Evanier on his blog News from ME noted as of November 9, 2009, that all 4-day passes for the 2010 show had already been sold out. On February 23, 2010, The Orange County Register reported that the larger Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim would be making a bid to become the new home of Comic-Con starting in 2013. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con Phoenix Comiccon changed its name to Phoenix Comic Fest as a proactive move to avoid possible legal issues in the wake of this ruling. They then filed a motion in an Arizona Federal Court to strike down San Diego Comic Convention's trademark In 2017, the Salt Lake Comic Con changed its name to FanX Salt Lake Comic Convention (or just FanX). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Diego Comic-Con This was changed when Nayyar won the role, because he was "so Indian". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Raj Koothrappali In 2009, Wizard World acquired the Big Apple Comic Con, New York City's longest-running comic book, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and pop culture convention. Wizard gave up the New York market after 2013 due to the dominance of the New York Comic Con, produced by ReedPop, a division of Reed Exhibitions and Reed Elsevier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wizard Entertainment Due to scheduling conflicts with the Javits Center for spring dates and the creation of the Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo by Reed, New York Comic Con was moved to October for Halloween starting in 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New York Comic Con Crowding was a problem in the Artists Alley, which was off the main convention floor, causing it to be moved to the main floor for 2008. The American Anime Awards, hosted by New York Comic Con, was held on February 24 at the New Yorker Hotel, during the Comic Con. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New York Comic Con This changed in 2013, when single day Thursday passes were put on sale for the first time. With this addition, attendance at New York Comic Con grew to over 130,000, which placed the attendance of the convention on par with San Diego Comic-Con for the first time ever. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New York Comic Con Produced by Reed Exhibitions, the people behind New York Comic Con, the inaugural event was held from December 7 through December 9, 2007. Starting in 2010 the New York Anime Festival has been held with the New York Comic Con, bringing the two cultures together. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New York Comic Con There have occasionally been exceptions to this, such as May 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) MCM London Comic Con The MCM London Comic Con has a large floor-space for dealer stands and exhibitors which include media companies such as film studios and TV stations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) MCM London Comic Con The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to a six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals and presented at the annual San Diego Comic-Con held in July, usually on Friday night. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eisner Award During its heyday from 2001 to 2008, the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year, with a large three-day "national" convention held in November, usually held at the Penn Plaza Pavilion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Big Apple Comic Con The festival was created in 2007 under the name of Kultima. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic-Con Paris Criminal: UK (or Criminal: United Kingdom) is a British police procedural anthology series created by George Kay and Jim Field Smith, starring David Tennant, Kit Harington, Hayley Atwell, Lee Ingleby, Sophie Okonedo, Kunal Nayyar, Clare-Hope Ashitey and Youssef Kerkour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Criminal: UK The first season consisted of 12 total episodes, with three episodes each set in four countries and filmed in local languages: Criminal: France, Criminal: Spain, Criminal: Germany, and Criminal: UK.The second season received two nominations at the 2021 British Academy Television Awards: Best Supporting Actor for Kunal Nayyar and Best Supporting Actress for Sophie Okonedo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Criminal: UK Many conventions have award presentations relating to comics (such as the Eisner Awards, which have been presented at San Diego Comic-Con International since 1988; or the Harvey Awards, which have been presented at a variety of venues also since 1988). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention In England, Phil Clarke produced Comicon '68 (British Comic Art Convention) at the Midland Hotel, Birmingham, from August 30 to September 2, 1968. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention By 2013, Wizard conventions included Portland Comic Con, St. Louis Comic Con, Philadelphia Comic Con, NYC Experience, Chicago Comic Con, Ohio Comic Con, Nashville Comic Con, Austin Comic Con, and New Orleans Comic Con. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention In addition to the Wizard-run conventions, Comic-Con International runs the San Diego Comic-Con International, WonderCon, and formerly ran the Alternative Press Expo; while Reed Exhibitions runs the New York Comic Con and the Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention The Eisner Award has been presented at San Diego Comic-Con International since 1988; while the Harvey Awards, also inaugurated in 1988 and after being presented at many different venues for much of their life, have been presented at the Baltimore Comic-Con since 2006. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention Eagle Awards – presented at British Comic Art Convention (1977–1979), London Comic Mart (1983), Birmingham Comic Art Show (1984, 1986), United Kingdom Comic Art Convention (UKCAC) (1987–1990), Comic Festival (2000, 2002), Comic Expo (2004, 2006–2008), London MCM Expo (2010–2012), and London Film and Comic Con (Eagles rebranded as "True Believer Comic Awards") (2014) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention San Diego Comic-Con International, a multigenre entertainment and comic convention held annually in San Diego since 1970, is the standard bearer for U.S. comic-cons. According to Forbes, the convention is the "largest convention of its kind in the world;" and is also the largest convention held in San Diego. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention As befitting a convention run by the Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors, the Alley Awards were presented at all three Academy Cons. The 1965 Academy Con also featured one of the first recorded "superhero masquerades," or costume contests. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Comic book convention The Harvey Awards were held every year at the Baltimore Comic-Con from 2006 to 2016, when they moved to a new venue. The Harvey Awards were replaced with the creation of the Mike Wieringo Comic Book Industry Awards, or Ringo Awards", beginning with the September 2017 convention. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Baltimore Comic-Con San Diego Comic-Con International is a comic book convention and nonprofit multi-genre entertainment held annually in San Diego, California, United States since 1970. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Since 1974, Comic-Con has bestowed its annual Inkpot Award on guests and persons of interest in the popular arts industries, as well as on members of Comic-Con's board of directors and the Convention committee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con " In a Rolling Stone article about the origins of Comic-Con, it noted the work of Krueger, who handled early business matters, and worked to get the event to be organized by a non-profit organization. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con In 2017, the organization acquired a lease to the Federal Building in Balboa Park, originally built for the California Pacific International Exposition and previously occupied by the San Diego Hall of Champions, with the intention of opening a Comic-Con Museum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Despite availability of COVID-19 vaccines, the organizers assessed that it was still premature and unsafe to hold an in-person event at SDCC's full scale on the originally-scheduled dates, and that Comic-Con International was exploring the possibility of holding a smaller in-person spin-off event later in the year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Despite the name, artists' alleys can include writers and even models. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con 72 of The Invincible Iron Man (January 1975) was set at the July–August 1974 Comic-Con at the El Cortez Hotel and featured cameos by a few of the special guests. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con is mentioned in the long-running CBS geek-targeted sitcom The Big Bang Theory in several episodes, and in NBC's Chuck in the episode "Chuck Versus the Sandworm", as an event the characters enjoy attending. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Writer Robert Salkowitz also used the 2011 Comic-Con as a backdrop for his book Comic-Con and the Business of Pop Culture, an analysis of the comics industry's 21st-century dilemmas and what the future may hold. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con Magazine, formerly known as Update, is the official magazine of San Diego Comic-Con International, WonderCon, and SAM: Storytelling Across Media, published free by San Diego Comic-Con International in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con On February 23, 2010, The Orange County Register reported that the larger Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim would be making a bid to become the new home of Comic-Con starting in 2013. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con During the 2018 Comic-Con International, one reason stated for why the museum had not yet opened was the need for additional funds. Organizers are hoping to raise $25 million with a target opening date of late 2020 or 2022. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Like most comic book conventions, Comic-Con features a large floorspace for exhibitors. These include media companies such as movie studios and TV networks, as well as comic-book dealers and collectibles merchants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con In season 4 of Beauty and the Geek, an episode was featured where the contestants traveled to Comic-Con 07 and were given a challenge to create their own superheroes. In an episode of Punk'd, Hilary Swank gets Punk'd after an "attack from talking robot". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con In 2020, SiriusXM in association with Stitcher started production on COMIC-CON BEGINS: Origin Stories of the San Diego Comic-Con and the Rise of Modern Fandom . --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con The last Update issue appeared in July 2008; then it went on hiatus. When it came back, it was as Comic-Con Magazine, which not only covered San Diego Comic-Con International, but also WonderCon and the Alternative Press Expo, more commonly known as APE (which the con owned through 2014). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con When it came back, it was as Comic-Con Magazine, which not only covered San Diego Comic-Con International, but also WonderCon and the Alternative Press Expo, more commonly known as APE (which the con owned through 2014). The new Comic-Con Magazine features interviews with Comic-Con attendees and complete coverage of the Comic-Con events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con In the past, most sites have not required a Comic-Con badge. In 2017, one example was a virtual reality and immersive set based on the movie Blade Runner 2049. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Capacity attendance at Comic-Con in 2006 and 2007 has caused crowding issues. Concerns have been raised that the event is possibly too large for the San Diego Convention Center, Comic-Con's home through at least 2022. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con In 2008, all memberships were sold out before the convention for the first time. This sellout has given rise to the new phenomenon of Comic-Con memberships being scalped for exorbitant prices on websites such as eBay and Craigslist. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Diego Comic-Con Bhosle's father was an actor and classical singer on --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Asha Bhosle Nayyar's future collaboration with Bhosle also resulted in success. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Asha Bhosle Wizard Entertainment's 2010 North American Comic Con tour included city stops in Toronto, Anaheim, Philadelphia, Chicago, New York City, Austin, and Boston. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wizard Entertainment Wizard's 2013 conventions included Portland Comic Con, St. Louis Comic Con, Philadelphia Comic Con, NYC Experience, Chicago Comic Con, Ohio Comic Con, Nashville Comic Con, Austin Comic Con, and New Orleans Comic Con. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wizard Entertainment The New York Comic Con is an annual New York City fan convention dedicated to Western comics, graphic novels, anime, manga, video games, cosplay, toys, movies, and television. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con The New York Comic Con is a for-profit event produced and managed by ReedPop, a division of Reed Exhibitions and Reed Elsevier, and is not affiliated with the long running non-profit San Diego Comic-Con, nor the Big Apple Convention, later known as the Big Apple Comic-Con, owned by Wizard Entertainment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con The New York Comic Con is an annual New York City fan convention dedicated to Western comics, graphic novels, anime, manga, video games, cosplay, toys, movies, and television. It was first held in 2006. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con ReedPop is involved with other events, including Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo (C2E2) and PAX Dev/PAX East/PAX Prime. ReedPop and New York Comic Con were founded by Greg Topalian, former senior vice president of Reed Exhibitions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con The American Anime Awards, hosted by New York Comic Con, was held on February 24 at the New Yorker Hotel, during the Comic Con. The third con held in 2008 moved to April, continued to grow (expanding space by 50%), and occupied most of the main level in the Javits Center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con Stan Lee was awarded the inaugural New York Comics Legend Award at the Times Square Virgin Megastore before the Comic Con. Kids' Day programming was added to the convention on Sunday with the help of Kids's Comic Con. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con Due to scheduling conflicts with the Javits Center for spring dates and the creation of the Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo by Reed, New York Comic Con was moved to October for Halloween starting in 2010. The New York Anime Festival, previously a separate event created by Reed, was also merged into Comic Con. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con Intel Extreme Masters Global Challenge – New York took place in Comic Con 2011. It featured eSport tournaments for games such as StarCraft II, League of Legends, and Counter-Strike. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New York Comic Con The MCM London Comic Con has a large floor-space for dealer stands and exhibitors which include media companies such as film studios and TV stations. There is also a theatre space that includes a large stage with projection monitors on either side and seating for approximately 1,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) MCM London Comic Con The Eisner Awards include the Comic Industry's Hall of Fame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eisner Award The Eisner Award ceremony has been held at the San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991.In 2006, it was announced that the archives of the Eisner Awards would be housed at the James Branch Cabell Library of Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eisner Award The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013, but is now back in the hands of Carbonaro. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Apple Comic Con Along with panels, seminars, and workshops with comic book professionals, the Big Apple Comic Con often features previews of upcoming films, and such evening events as the costume contest overseen by "Captain Zorikh" Zorikh Lequidre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Apple Comic Con 2009 was also the final year there were multiple Big Apple Conventions held. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Apple Comic Con By 2011, Reed Exhibitions' New York Comic Con, held annually at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, had become the dominant New York City-area comic convention, and was taking away from the appeal of the Big Apple Comic Con. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Apple Comic Con David Tennant, Hayley Atwell and Youssef Kerkour were featured as the Accused in season one. In September 2020, Sophie Okonedo, Kit Harington, Sharon Horgan and Kunal Nayyar were announced as guest stars for the second season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Criminal: UK Taking over for the Academy Con, Brooklyn native and school teacher Phil Seuling hosted the International Convention of Comic Book Art at the Statler Hilton Hotel in New York City on July 4–7. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention The British Comicon ran annually, variously in Birmingham, London, and Sheffield, until 1981. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention HeroesCon is one of the largest independent comic book conventions still operating; during the heyday of the Dallas Fantasy Fair, it was one of the largest comics conventions in the country, third in attendance behind the San Diego Comic-Con and the Chicago Comicon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention In 2009, Wizard World also acquired the Paradise Comics Toronto Comicon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wizard Entertainment Comic book conventions were traditionally run and staffed by volunteers, though venues may require certain activities to be contracted out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention Comic book conventions typically feature official guests or guests of honor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention Goethe Awards/Comic Fan Art Awards – presented at Comic Art Convention (1971–1974) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention CAC ran annually (occasionally in Philadelphia) over Independence Day weekend, until 1983. In England, Phil Clarke produced Comicon '68 (British Comic Art Convention) at the Midland Hotel, Birmingham, from August 30 to September 2, 1968. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention HeroesCon is one of the largest independent comic book conventions still operating; during the heyday of the Dallas Fantasy Fair, it was one of the largest comics conventions in the country, third in attendance behind the San Diego Comic-Con and the Chicago Comicon. (The Dallas Fantasy Fair went defunct in 1995.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention From 1993–1995, Great Eastern hosted two New York City shows annually at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. (The 1995 show was the last comic book convention held at the Javits Center until the New York Comic Con in 2006.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention As a substitute event, comic book retailer Michael Carbonaro and others on the spur of the moment mounted the first Big Apple Comic Con, now a long-running show. Greenberg and Great Eastern Conventions disappeared from the fan convention circuit from that moment forward --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention Toronto, Anaheim, Philadelphia, Chicago, New York City, Austin, and Boston. By 2013, Wizard conventions included Portland Comic Con, St. Louis Comic Con, Philadelphia Comic Con, NYC Experience, Chicago Comic Con, Ohio Comic Con, Nashville Comic Con, Austin Comic Con, and New Orleans Comic Con. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention Many fans are students and have little discretionary income, so hotel and convention fees are important factors. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, both WonderCon and Dragon Con have been canceled, and San Diego Comic-Con moved their programming online. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention The Eisner Award has been presented at San Diego Comic-Con International since 1988; while the Harvey Awards, also inaugurated in 1988 and after being presented at many different venues for much of their life, have been presented at the Baltimore Comic-Con since 2006. The following is a list of conventions and the award presentations they host (or formerly hosted): --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Comic book convention Nayyar was born in Hounslow, West London to a family of Indian immigrants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kunal Nayyar After graduating, Nayyar found work doing American television ads and plays on the London stage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kunal Nayyar Nayyar voiced Gupta in Ice Age: Continental Drift in 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kunal Nayyar From 5 May to 29 June 2015, Nayyar performed in an off-Broadway production, The Spoils, written by and starring actor Jesse Eisenberg. Nayyar played Kalyan, a Nepalese student and roommate of the protagonist Ben, played by Eisenberg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kunal Nayyar A film he had shot and completed in 1982 titled Chor Mandali in which he appeared opposite fellow veteran actor Ashok Kumar remained unreleased due to a legal dispute. His last acting role was a cameo appearance in a 1984 released British made-for-television film titled Kim. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Raj Kapoor Following the initial gathering, Dorf's first three-day San Diego comics convention, the Golden State Comic-Con, drew 300 people and was held at the U.S. Grant Hotel from August 1–3, 1970. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Richard Alf, chairman in 1971, has noted an early factor in the Con's growth was an effort "to expand the Comic-Con [organizing] committee base by networking with other fandoms such as the Society for Creative Anachronism and the Mythopoeic Society, among others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con The evenings include events such as awards ceremonies, the annual Masquerade costume contest, and the Comic-Con International Independent Film Festival, which showcases shorts and feature-length movies that do not have distribution or distribution deals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con also served as an excuse for the fictional characters Seth Cohen and Ryan Atwood's trip to Tijuana, Mexico in episode 7 ("The Escape") of the first season of TV series The O.C. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con If I Want To", an episode of the 2011 season of The Real World: San Diego, the cast attends Comic-Con made up as zombies in order to pass out promotional flyers for the House of Blues, where they worked as part of their season work assignment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con In 2014, San Diego Comic-Con sent a cease and desist order to the organizers Salt Lake Comic Con, asserting that "Comic-Con" and "Comic-Con International" were registered trademarks of the convention, and that use of the term "comic con" in any form was trademark infringement as it implies an unauthorized association with San Diego Comic-Con. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Since 1974, Comic-Con has bestowed its annual Inkpot Award on guests and persons of interest in the popular arts industries, as well as on members of Comic-Con's board of directors and the Convention committee. It is also the home of the Will Eisner Awards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con (We found a lot of talent and strength through diversity). " In a Rolling Stone article about the origins of Comic-Con, it noted the work of Krueger, who handled early business matters, and worked to get the event to be organized by a non-profit organization. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con According to Forbes, the convention is the "largest convention of its kind in the world;" Publishers Weekly wrote "Comic-Con International: San Diego is the largest show in North America;" it is also the largest convention held in San Diego. The convention has an estimated annual regional economic impact of more than $140 million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con International is a non-profit organization, and proceeds of the event go to funding it, as well as SAM: Storytelling Across Media and WonderCon. The convention logo was designed by Richard Bruning and Josh Beatman in 1995. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con In 2015, through a limited liability company, Comic-Con International purchased three buildings in Barrio Logan. In 2018 Comic-Con International purchased a 29,000-square-foot (2,700 m2) office in San Diego's Little Italy neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con In 2017, the organization acquired a lease to the Federal Building in Balboa Park, originally built for the California Pacific International Exposition and previously occupied by the San Diego Hall of Champions, with the intention of opening a Comic-Con Museum. By October 2017, the organization began to hire staff for the museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con (January 1984), Lobo Convention Special ([September] 1993) and Fanboys Vs Zombies. 1992-1995 the Con partnered with Dark Horse Comics for an annual San Diego Comic Con Comics giveaway to attendees spotlighting characters published by Dark Horse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con A Fan's Hope. Writer Robert Salkowitz also used the 2011 Comic-Con as a backdrop for his book Comic-Con and the Business of Pop Culture, an analysis of the comics industry's 21st-century dilemmas and what the future may hold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Since 2015, Conan O'Brien has recorded a week of live shows from Comic-Con at the nearby Spreckels Theatre. In 2015, the Food Network series Cake Masters had an episode where Duff Goldman presented a cake at Comic-Con to the cast of Fantastic Four. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Origin Stories of the San Diego Comic-Con and the Rise of Modern Fandom . The podcast is a six-part mini-series chronicling the birth and evolution of the San Diego Comic-Con, and is told by over 50 of the original contributors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con The seed of the Comic-Con Magazine was a short one-shot issue of The Spirit, based on Comic-Con and sold exclusively in 1976 at the San Diego Comic-Con International. The Comic-Con Magazine debuted as Update in July 2005 and mainly focused on the winners of the Eisner Awards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con The new Comic-Con Magazine features interviews with Comic-Con attendees and complete coverage of the Comic-Con events. The fourth issue of Comic-Con Magazine was a hybrid with Comic-Con's Souvenir Book with cover art by Alex Ross, in full color and exclusive to Comic-Con attendees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Concerns have been raised that the event is possibly too large for the San Diego Convention Center, Comic-Con's home through at least 2022. In 2006, Comic-Con, for the first time, had to close registration for a few hours on Saturday to accommodate crowds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con On February 23, 2010, The Orange County Register reported that the larger Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim would be making a bid to become the new home of Comic-Con starting in 2013. On September 30, 2010, Comic Con announced that they had extended their stay up to 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con On September 30, 2010, Comic Con announced that they had extended their stay up to 2015. The North County Times reported on July 26, 2010, that 4-day passes with access to Preview night for the 2011 Convention had sold out two hours before the 2010 convention closed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con The plan would also add a second tower to the Hilton Bayfront hotel, adding 500 rooms adjacent to the Convention Center. Due to the proposed expansion of the convention center, Comic Con extended its contract for San Diego to 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Diego Comic-Con Raj is Howard's best friend. They have what Nayyar calls a "bromance". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Raj Koothrappali Originally the character was called "Dave", and was an American born to Indian parents. This was changed when Nayyar won the role, because he was "so Indian". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Raj Koothrappali O. P. Nayyar gave Asha a break in C.I.D. (1956). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle Bhosle and Nayyar had a professional and personal parting of ways in the 1970s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle Nayyar first met Asha in 1952, at the music recording of Chham Chhama Chham. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle On being asked the reason for their parting, O. P. Nayyar once said, "I know astrology very well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle Some say that Lata had once criticised Asha's relationship with O. P. Nayyar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle This widened the rift between the two sisters and O. P. Nayyar also decided that he would never work with Lata. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Asha Bhosle In 2009, Wizard canceled the Texas event and postponed the Los Angeles convention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wizard Entertainment Wizard gave up the New York market after 2013 due to the dominance of the New York Comic Con, produced by ReedPop, a division of Reed Exhibitions and Reed Elsevier. The Big Apple con is now back in the hands of its founder, Michael Carbonaro. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wizard Entertainment The third con held in 2008 moved to April, continued to grow (expanding space by 50%), and occupied most of the main level in the Javits Center. Stan Lee was awarded the inaugural New York Comics Legend Award at the Times Square Virgin Megastore before the Comic Con. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) New York Comic Con The New York Anime Festival was an anime and manga convention held annually from 2007 to 2011 at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center on the West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Produced by Reed Exhibitions, the people behind New York Comic Con, the inaugural event was held from December 7 through December 9, 2007. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) New York Comic Con The convention is held twice each year, usually on the last full weekend of May and October. There have occasionally been exceptions to this, such as May 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) MCM London Comic Con The previous administrator, Dave Olbrich, left the position, and Jackie Estrada has been the award administrator since 1990. The Eisner Award ceremony has been held at the San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991.In 2006, it was announced that the archives of the Eisner Awards would be housed at the James Branch Cabell Library of Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eisner Award The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention, the longest-running comic book/speculative fiction/pop culture convention in New York City. It was started by retailer Michael "Mike Carbo" Carbonaro in March 1996 in the basement of the St. Paul the Apostle Church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Big Apple Comic Con By 2011, Reed Exhibitions' New York Comic Con, held annually at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, had become the dominant New York City-area comic convention, and was taking away from the appeal of the Big Apple Comic Con. Wizard sat out 2012 and held a new "Wizard World New York City Experience" show on June 28–30, 2013. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Big Apple Comic Con Though not branded as a "Big Apple Convention" and not affiliated with Wizard World, some might consider the next iteration of the Big Apple Comic Con to have been held on March 31, 2012, at the Penn Plaza Pavilion. It was Michael Carbonaro's third New York Comic Book Marketplace, and announced as Carbonaro's final convention. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Big Apple Comic Con In 1968, two important conventions had their start. Taking over for the Academy Con, Brooklyn native and school teacher Phil Seuling hosted the International Convention of Comic Book Art at the Statler Hilton Hotel in New York City on July 4–7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention Taking over for the Academy Con, Brooklyn native and school teacher Phil Seuling hosted the International Convention of Comic Book Art at the Statler Hilton Hotel in New York City on July 4–7. The guests of honor were Stan Lee and Burne Hogarth. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention In England, Phil Clarke produced Comicon '68 (British Comic Art Convention) at the Midland Hotel, Birmingham, from August 30 to September 2, 1968. "Member"-guests include Alan Moore, Paul Neary, Jim Baikie, Steve Moore, and Nick Landau; there were 70 attendees. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention Major comics-related news events were often broken at annual conventions: examples include the news that Jack Kirby was defecting from Marvel to DC, and DC's announcement that it was reviving Captain Marvel. On August 1–3, 1970, Shel Dorf produced the Golden State Comic-Con, held at the U.S. Grant Hotel, in San Diego. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention Official guests were Forrest J. Ackerman, Ray Bradbury, Jack Kirby, Bob Stevens, and A. E. van Vogt, and it drew 300 people. The three-day show evolved into San Diego Comic-Con International, and now attracts 130,000 or more attendees. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention The three-day show evolved into San Diego Comic-Con International, and now attracts 130,000 or more attendees. The Creation Convention debuted in 1971, organized by 14-year-old Queens schoolboys Adam Malin and Gary Berman, and held over Thanksgiving weekend at the New Yorker Hotel, in New York City. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention Both the Heroes Convention and the multigenre Dallas Fantasy Fair debuted in 1982. HeroesCon is one of the largest independent comic book conventions still operating; during the heyday of the Dallas Fantasy Fair, it was one of the largest comics conventions in the country, third in attendance behind the San Diego Comic-Con and the Chicago Comicon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention (The 1995 show was the last comic book convention held at the Javits Center until the New York Comic Con in 2006.) Great Eastern also ran shows in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Oregon, Minnesota, Texas, and South Florida. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Comic book convention A scavenger hunt is also associated with the Yearbook, where attendees who get a pre-defined number of contributor autographs receive prints that were not part of the book, featuring characters from that year's theme by other attending artists. The 2020 Comic-Con was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for the same dates as a virtual event. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Baltimore Comic-Con Continental Drift (2012), The Scribbler (2014), Dr. Cabbie (2014), Consumed (2015), Trolls (2016), and Sweetness in the Belly (2019). Forbes listed Nayyar as the world's third-highest-paid television actor in 2015 and 2018, with earnings of US$20 million and US$23.5 million, respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kunal Nayyar During the same year he completed the shooting of his first film, Dr. Cabbie, produced by Bollywood actor Salman Khan. From 5 May to 29 June 2015, Nayyar performed in an off-Broadway production, The Spoils, written by and starring actor Jesse Eisenberg. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kunal Nayyar Storytelling Across Media, a conference held in 2016 in San Francisco and beginning in 2018 annually at the Comic-Con Museum in San Diego. Since 1974, Comic-Con has bestowed its annual Inkpot Award on guests and persons of interest in the popular arts industries, as well as on members of Comic-Con's board of directors and the Convention committee. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con Richard Alf, chairman in 1971, has noted an early factor in the Con's growth was an effort "to expand the Comic-Con [organizing] committee base by networking with other fandoms such as the Society for Creative Anachronism and the Mythopoeic Society, among others. (We found a lot of talent and strength through diversity). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con The convention is organized by a panel of 13 board members, 16 to 20 full-time and part-time workers, and 80 volunteers who assist via committees. Comic-Con International is a non-profit organization, and proceeds of the event go to funding it, as well as SAM: Storytelling Across Media and WonderCon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con These include media companies such as movie studios and TV networks, as well as comic-book dealers and collectibles merchants. And like most comics conventions, Comic-Con includes an autograph area, as well as the Artists' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con The two biggest are Ballroom 20, which seats approximately 4,900; and Hall H, which seats just over 6,100.The neighboring Hilton Bayfront is also used, with its main ballroom (Indigo) seating up to 2,600. The other neighboring hotel, the Marriott Marquis & Marina, also hosts a lot of Comic-Con activity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con Comic-Con also served as an excuse for the fictional characters Seth Cohen and Ryan Atwood's trip to Tijuana, Mexico in episode 7 ("The Escape") of the first season of TV series The O.C. The convention also featured prominently as a setting for the Numb3rs episode "Graphic". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con In "It's My Party and I'll Bang If I Want To", an episode of the 2011 season of The Real World: San Diego, the cast attends Comic-Con made up as zombies in order to pass out promotional flyers for the House of Blues, where they worked as part of their season work assignment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con Writer Robert Salkowitz also used the 2011 Comic-Con as a backdrop for his book Comic-Con and the Business of Pop Culture, an analysis of the comics industry's 21st-century dilemmas and what the future may hold. Since 2015, Conan O'Brien has recorded a week of live shows from Comic-Con at the nearby Spreckels Theatre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con This sellout has given rise to the new phenomenon of Comic-Con memberships being scalped for exorbitant prices on websites such as eBay and Craigslist. In April 2008, David Glanzer, Comic-Con's director of marketing and public relations, commented on the organization's desire to remain in San Diego: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con The North County Times reported on July 26, 2010, that 4-day passes with access to Preview night for the 2011 Convention had sold out two hours before the 2010 convention closed. Comic-Con International announced that 4-day passes for the 2014 convention (July 24–27) would no longer be available and only single days would be sold. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Diego Comic-Con At Howard's bachelor party, Raj mentions that he and Howard had a threesome at Comic-Con with an overweight woman in a Sailor Moon costume. In the season six episode, "The Tangible Affection Proof", Raj and Stuart, put together a party at the store for lonely single people on Valentine's Day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Raj Koothrappali He also wrote and directed this film. In 2009 he had an uncredited role in the Hannah Montana film as the concert guy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ajay Nayyar However, it was the success of Naya Daur (1957) that made the duo very popular. After 1959, she was emotionally and professionally involved with Nayyar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Asha Bhosle It is not clear what made them part their ways. On being asked the reason for their parting, O. P. Nayyar once said, "I know astrology very well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Asha Bhosle On being asked the reason for their parting, O. P. Nayyar once said, "I know astrology very well. I knew that one day I had to part with her. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Asha Bhosle Some say that Lata had once criticised Asha's relationship with O. P. Nayyar. This widened the rift between the two sisters and O. P. Nayyar also decided that he would never work with Lata. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Asha Bhosle
21468.	Q: What jewel is the girl wearing in the painting Lucie Leon at the Piano by Berthe Morisot? Title = Lucie Leon at the Piano by Berthe Morisot, 1892, private collection Description = A: A bracelet. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Impressionism, Tack piano, Renzo Piano, Indian River (Florida), Lucie Dreyfus, Lucie Jones, St. Lucie Inlet Preserve State Park, The Balcony (Manet), Berthe Morisot, Édouard Manet, Fort Pierce, Florida, Mary Cassatt, Piano Piano Kid, Piano Man, A Tale of Two Cities, Nino Frank, Musée d'Orsay, Piano, piano, The Piano Lesson, Piano, Eugène Manet, Treasure Coast, Lucie Bigelow Rosen, The Piano Guys, Marie Trintignant, The Piano, The Piano Teacher (film), Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets, Berthe Morisot with a Fan, Edma Morisot Toggle details	Berthe Morisot with a Fan is an 1874 painting by Édouard Manet. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Berthe Morisot with a Fan Morisot often posed for Manet and there are several portrait painting of Morisot such as Repose (Portrait of Berthe Morisot) and Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Berthe Morisot Piano makers overcome this by polishing, painting, and decorating the plate. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Piano Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets (French: Berthe Morisot au bouquet de violettes) is an 1872 oil painting by Édouard Manet. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets The painting, sometimes known as Portrait of Berthe Morisot, Berthe Morisot in a black hat or Young woman in a black hat, is in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Berthe Morisot (1841–1895) who participated in all Impressionist exhibitions except in 1879 --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Impressionism During this period, Morisot still found oil painting difficult, and worked mostly in watercolor. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Berthe Morisot Berthe Morisot developed a close relationship with Édouard Manet from 1868, but they could not be married. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Eugène Manet Valéry compared Manet's painting to Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring: "I do not rank anything in Manet's work higher than a certain portrait of Berthe Morisot dated 1872". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Berthe Morisot with a Fan is an 1874 painting by Édouard Manet. It is the last of twelve portraits Manet produced of Berthe Morisot between 1868 and 1874, painted just after her marriage to the painter's brother Eugène, after which she no longer posed for him. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Berthe Morisot with a Fan When Morisot expressed her interests in plein-air painting, Guichard sent her to follow Corot and Oudinot. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Berthe Morisot Correspondence between Morisot and Édouard Manet shows warm affection, and Manet gave her an easel as a Christmas present. Morisot often posed for Manet and there are several portrait painting of Morisot such as Repose (Portrait of Berthe Morisot) and Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Berthe Morisot Piano makers overcome this by polishing, painting, and decorating the plate. Plates often include the manufacturer's ornamental medallion. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Piano Morisot herself acquired the painting in 1894, paying 5,100 francs in the sale of Duret's collection. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets The painting, sometimes known as Portrait of Berthe Morisot, Berthe Morisot in a black hat or Young woman in a black hat, is in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. Manet also created an etching and two lithographs of the same composition. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Behind Berthe Morisot was Edma Morisot. " A portrait of Berthe by Edma, from 1863, is probably the earliest surviving picture of Berthe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Edma Morisot Letters between the sisters show a loving relationship, underscored by Berthe's regret at the distance between them and Edma's withdrawal from painting. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Berthe Morisot Having become more confident about oil painting, Morisot worked in oil, watercolor and pastel at the same time, as Degas did. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Berthe Morisot "In 2019, the Musée d'Orsay devoted a temporary exhibition to Berthe Morisot to pay tribute to her work. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Berthe Morisot They already had one female member, artist Berthe Morisot, who became Cassatt's friend and colleague. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Cassatt "In her crucial, formative years," Berthe "depended most of all on her sister. Behind Berthe Morisot was Edma Morisot. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Edma Morisot The four most well known, namely, Mary Cassatt, Eva Gonzalès, Marie Bracquemond, and Berthe Morisot, are, and were, often referred to as the 'Women Impressionists'. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Impressionism It depicts four figures on a balcony, one of whom is sitting: the painter Berthe Morisot, who married Manet's brother Eugène in 1874. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Balcony (Manet) The Balcony (French: Le balcon) is an 1868-69 oil painting by the French painter Édouard Manet. It depicts four figures on a balcony, one of whom is sitting: the painter Berthe Morisot, who married Manet's brother Eugène in 1874. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Balcony (Manet) When Morisot expressed her interests in plein-air painting, Guichard sent her to follow Corot and Oudinot. Painting outdoors, she used watercolors which are easy to carry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Berthe Morisot Manet stayed away from Paris, perhaps, until after the semaine sanglante: in a letter to Berthe Morisot at Cherbourg (10 June 1871) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Édouard Manet Manet became the friend and colleague of Morisot in 1868. She is credited with convincing Manet to attempt plein air painting, which she had been practicing since she was introduced to it by another friend of hers, Camille Corot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Édouard Manet Including an extremely large piece of metal in a piano is potentially an aesthetic handicap. Piano makers overcome this by polishing, painting, and decorating the plate. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Piano Lucie was part of a ten-person theremin ensemble rehearsing for their debut at the Carnegie Hall with Leon Theremin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Lucie Bigelow Rosen It depicts fellow painter Berthe Morisot dressed in black mourning dress, with a barely visible bouquet of violets. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Manet made a similar painting of Morisot in mourning dress in 1874, after the death of her father, Edmé Tiburce Morisot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets (French: Berthe Morisot au bouquet de violettes) is an 1872 oil painting by Édouard Manet. It depicts fellow painter Berthe Morisot dressed in black mourning dress, with a barely visible bouquet of violets. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets It depicts fellow painter Berthe Morisot dressed in black mourning dress, with a barely visible bouquet of violets. The painting, sometimes known as Portrait of Berthe Morisot, Berthe Morisot in a black hat or Young woman in a black hat, is in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets In 1863, when Corot became too busy to continue to instruct them, Edma and Berthe came under the tutelage of another Barbican painting, Achille François Oudinot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Edma Morisot Berthe Morisot and Julie Manet, c.1888–1890, drypoint, 18.42 x 13.49 cm, Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot Letters between the sisters show a loving relationship, underscored by Berthe's regret at the distance between them and Edma's withdrawal from painting. Edma wholeheartedly supported Berthe's continued work and their families always remained close. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot During this period, she drew mostly ancient classical figures. When Morisot expressed her interests in plein-air painting, Guichard sent her to follow Corot and Oudinot. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot Morisot often posed for Manet and there are several portrait painting of Morisot such as Repose (Portrait of Berthe Morisot) and Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet. Morisot died on March 2, 1895, in Paris, of pneumonia contracted while attending to her daughter Julie's similar illness, and thus making her an orphan at the age of 16. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot She was described by Gustave Geffroy as one of "les trois grandes dames" (the three great ladies) of Impressionism alongside Marie Bracquemond and Berthe Morisot. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Cassatt He did not achieve the high reputation of his older brother Édouard Manet or his wife Berthe Morisot, and devoted much of his efforts to supporting his wife's career. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Eugène Manet This painting was one of several portraits of a black-clad Morisot by Manet between 1872 and 1874: others show her with a pink shoe, with a fan, and veiled. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Manet sold or gave the painting to collector and art critic Théodore Duret. Morisot herself acquired the painting in 1894, paying 5,100 francs in the sale of Duret's collection. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets It is the last of twelve portraits Manet produced of Berthe Morisot between 1868 and 1874, painted just after her marriage to the painter's brother Eugène, after which she no longer posed for him. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Berthe Morisot with a Fan Edma Morisot (French: [mɔʁizo]; Marie Edma Caroline Morisot-Pontillon; 1839–1921) was a French artist and the older sister of the Impressionist painter Berthe Morisot. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Edma Morisot After 1885, drawing began to dominate in Morisot's works. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Berthe Morisot Morisot painted what she experienced on a daily basis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Berthe Morisot During this period, Morisot still found oil painting difficult, and worked mostly in watercolor. Her choice of colors is rather restrained; however, the delicate repetition of hues renders a balanced effect. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Berthe Morisot Responding to the experiments conducted by Manet and Edgar Degas, Morisot used barely tinted whites to harmonize the paintings. Like Degas, she played with three media simultaneously in one painting: watercolor, pastel, and oil paints. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Berthe Morisot He was influenced by the Impressionists, especially Monet and Morisot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Édouard Manet Manet stayed away from Paris, perhaps, until after the semaine sanglante: in a letter to Berthe Morisot at Cherbourg (10 June 1871) he writes, "We came back to Paris a few days ago..." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Édouard Manet She is fiercely loyal to Lucie and to England. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie Manette has been noted as resembling Ternan physically. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) A Tale of Two Cities Berthe Morisot developed a close relationship with Édouard Manet from 1868, but they could not be married. Instead, she married his brother Eugène in Passy on 22 December 1874 (sometimes described as a marriage of convenience). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Eugène Manet It is the last of twelve portraits Manet produced of Berthe Morisot between 1868 and 1874, painted just after her marriage to the painter's brother Eugène, after which she no longer posed for him. It shows her dressed in mourning for her father but wearing an engagement ring. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Berthe Morisot with a Fan The Morisot sisters soon tired of copying the old masters, and in 1860 they began to study with the Barbizon painter Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, who taught them to paint en plein air. In 1863, when Corot became too busy to continue to instruct them, Edma and Berthe came under the tutelage of another Barbican painting, Achille François Oudinot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Edma Morisot In 1863, when Corot became too busy to continue to instruct them, Edma and Berthe came under the tutelage of another Barbican painting, Achille François Oudinot. The sisters later broke with Oudinot on acrimonious terms, and they later referred to Corot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Edma Morisot "Cities should not be dull and repetitive", Piano declared. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Renzo Piano This was the first portrait of Morisot by Manet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Balcony (Manet) The painting was not well received when it was exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1869. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Balcony (Manet) " The press considered the painting as "discordant". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Balcony (Manet) It depicts four figures on a balcony, one of whom is sitting: the painter Berthe Morisot, who married Manet's brother Eugène in 1874. In the centre is the painter Jean Baptiste Antoine Guillemet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Balcony (Manet) At that time, Morisot also became interested in pastel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Berthe Morisot Morisot's works are almost always small in scale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Berthe Morisot Having become more confident about oil painting, Morisot worked in oil, watercolor and pastel at the same time, as Degas did. She painted very quickly but did much sketching as preparation, so she could paint "a mouth, eyes, and a nose with a single brushstroke." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Berthe Morisot The supposed grand-niece of the painter Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Morisot had her first painting accepted in the Salon de Paris in 1864, and she continued to show in the salon for the next ten years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Édouard Manet Darnay's uncle had kidnapped and raped a peasant girl. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) A Tale of Two Cities However, Lucie genuinely cares about Carton's welfare and defends him when he is criticised by others. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) A Tale of Two Cities That dreadful woman seems to throw a shadow on me," remarks Lucie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) A Tale of Two Cities Édouard Manet – 34 paintings including Olympia, The Balcony, Berthe Morisot With a Bouquet of Violets, The Luncheon on the Grass, The Fifer, The Reading --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Musée d'Orsay A Romare Bearden painting, The Piano Lesson, inspired Wilson to write a play featuring a strong female character to confront African-American history, paralleling Troy in earlier Fences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Piano Lesson He was survived by his wife and daughter; Morisot herself died in 1895. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Eugène Manet According to Armand Forreau's 1925 biography of Berthe Morisot, Guichard is said to have warned their mother: "With natures like those of your daughters my teaching will not confer the meagre talent of genteel accomplishment, they will become painters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Edma Morisot The Impressionists' progress toward a brighter style of painting was gradual. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impressionism Piano was born in Genoa, Italy, into a family of builders. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano The media dubbed the style of the building as "high-tech", but this was later disputed by Piano. " --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano But he noted particularly Piano's masterful control of light within the building: "... --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano This was Piano's first project in Spain and had some controversy over its location. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano In 1998, Piano won the Pritzker Prize, often considered the Nobel Prize of architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano Piano founded the Renzo Piano Building Workshop (RPBW) in 1981. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renzo Piano The Indian River continues southward to St. Lucie Inlet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian River (Florida) In Dreyfus (1930, Germany) Lucie Dreyfus was played by Grete Mosheim. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lucie Dreyfus The three characters, who were all friends of Manet, seem to be disconnected from each other: while Berthe Morisot, on the left, looks like a romantic and inaccessible heroine, the young violinist Fanny Claus and the painter Antoine Guillemet seem to display indifference. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Balcony (Manet) Manet kept the painting until his death in 1883, hanging it near his painting of Olympia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Balcony (Manet) Berthe Marie Pauline Morisot (French: [bɛʁt mɔʁizo]; January 14, 1841 – March 2, 1895) was a French painter and a member of the circle of painters in Paris who became known as the Impressionists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot The family moved to Paris in 1852, when Morisot was a child. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Morisot and her sisters initially started taking lessons so that they could each make a drawing for their father for his birthday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Edma wholeheartedly supported Berthe's continued work and their families always remained close. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Edma wrote "… I am often with you in thought, dear Berthe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot After several months, Morisot began to take classes taught by Guichard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Morisot put her emphasis on the clarification of the form and lines during this period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Morisot creates a sense of space and depth through the use of color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Later in her career Morisot worked with more ambitious themes, such as nudes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot As her skill and style improved, many began to rethink their opinion toward Morisot. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot It was commonplace for daughters of bourgeois families to receive art education, so Berthe and her sisters Yves and Edma were taught privately by Geoffroy-Alphonse Chocarne and Joseph Guichard. Morisot and her sisters initially started taking lessons so that they could each make a drawing for their father for his birthday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Morisot and her sisters initially started taking lessons so that they could each make a drawing for their father for his birthday. In 1857 Guichard, who ran a school for girls in Rue des Moulins, introduced Berthe and Edma to the Louvre gallery where from 1858 they learned by copying paintings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot As art students, Berthe and Edma worked closely together until 1869, when Edma married Adolphe Pontillon, a naval officer, moved to Cherbourg, and had less time to paint. Letters between the sisters show a loving relationship, underscored by Berthe's regret at the distance between them and Edma's withdrawal from painting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Edma wrote "… I am often with you in thought, dear Berthe. I’m in your studio --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Painting outdoors, she used watercolors which are easy to carry. At that time, Morisot also became interested in pastel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot After 1885, drawing began to dominate in Morisot's works. Morisot actively experimented with charcoals and color pencils. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot Manet embarked on the canvas after being challenged to give the Salon a nude painting to display. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet According to Antonin Proust, "only the precautions taken by the administration prevented the painting being punctured and torn" by offended viewers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet Her son, Leon Leenhoff, whose father may have been either of the Manets, posed often for Manet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet Manet became the friend and colleague of Morisot in 1868. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet Next to her is a little girl with her back to the painter, watching a train pass beneath them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet It was adopted by the Impressionists, and became the prevalent method of painting in oils for generations that followed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet He was influenced by the Impressionists, especially Monet and Morisot. Their influence is seen in Manet's use of lighter colors: after the early 1870s he made less use of dark backgrounds but retained his distinctive use of black, uncharacteristic of Impressionist painting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet In his absence his friends added his name to the "Fédération des artistes" (see: Courbet) of the Paris Commune. Manet stayed away from Paris, perhaps, until after the semaine sanglante: in a letter to Berthe Morisot at Cherbourg (10 June 1871) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Édouard Manet Henry Bacon, a friend of the Cassatts, thought that the Impressionists were so radical that they were "afflicted with some hitherto unknown disease of the eye". They already had one female member, artist Berthe Morisot, who became Cassatt's friend and colleague. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Cassatt Lucie believes her father to be dead, so she faints at the news that he is alive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities In London, Carton confesses his love to Lucie, but quickly recognises that she cannot love him in return. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities Darnay asks for Dr Manette's permission to wed Lucie, and he agrees. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities He visits Lorry and warns him that Lucie and her family must be ready to flee the next day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities Meanwhile, Madame Defarge goes to Lucie's lodgings, hoping to apprehend her and her daughter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities He and Lucie Manette fall deeply in love, they marry, and she gives birth to a daughter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) A Tale of Two Cities It houses the largest collection of Impressionist and post-Impressionist masterpieces in the world, by painters including Berthe Morisot, Monet, Manet, Degas, Renoir, Cézanne, Seurat, Sisley, Gauguin, and Van Gogh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Musée d'Orsay The Piano Lesson received the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Piano Lesson Piano tuners have to use their ear to "stretch" the tuning of a piano to make it sound in tune. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Piano Port St. Lucie is designated as the principal city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Treasure Coast The Piano Teacher (French: La Pianiste, lit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Piano Teacher (film) He returned to painting later in 1871, and returned to Paris after the defeat of the Paris Commune in May 1871. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Manet painted Morisot with black eyes, although her eyes were actually green. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Manet sold or gave the painting to collector and art critic Théodore Duret. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Morisot herself acquired the painting in 1894, paying 5,100 francs in the sale of Duret's collection. After her death in 1895, it was kept by her daughter Julie until her own death in 1966, and then it was in the collection of her son (Morisot's grandson) Clément Rouart. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Edma Morisot was born in 1839 in Valenciennes, France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edma Morisot According to Armand Forreau's 1925 biography of Berthe Morisot, Guichard is said to have warned their mother: "With natures like those of your daughters my teaching will not confer the meagre talent of genteel accomplishment, they will become painters. Do you have any idea what that means? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edma Morisot Radicals in their time, early Impressionists violated the rules of academic painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impressionism The Académie was the preserver of traditional French painting standards of content and style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impressionism Piano wrote in The Disobedience of the Architect (2004) that he tried to match his architecture to the personality of a city. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano Piano's plan called for "a group of volumes under a single roof, a little like a village. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano The building is Piano's first ever residential structure in New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano "In 2006, Piano was selected by TIME as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano In 2004, he became head of the Renzo Piano Foundation, dedicated to the promotion of the architectural profession. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano But he noted particularly Piano's masterful control of light within the building: "... it is the light that most people will notice.... --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renzo Piano David Hadamard, Lucie's father, was a diamond merchant in Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Dreyfus In one of them, Lucie met Alfred Dreyfus, a classmate of her cousin Paul Hadamard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Dreyfus Lucie visited her husband daily in Parisian prisons and then on the Île de Ré. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Dreyfus In The Life of Emile Zola (1937), Lucie was played by Gale Sondergaard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Dreyfus In the 1958 film I Accuse!, Lucie was played by Viveca Lindfors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Dreyfus Lucie was also a part of Cardiff's own Scout and Guide Gang Show. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Jones St. Lucie Inlet Preserve State Park at Florida State Parks --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Lucie Inlet Preserve State Park Just behind the railings, there are a hydrangea in a ceramic pot, and a dog with a ball below Morisot's chair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Balcony (Manet) On his death in 1894, Caillebotte's will left the painting, with other works, to the French state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Balcony (Manet) The three characters, who were all friends of Manet, seem to be disconnected from each other: while Berthe Morisot, on the left, looks like a romantic and inaccessible heroine, the young violinist Fanny Claus and the painter Antoine Guillemet seem to display indifference. The boy in the background is probably Manet's son, Léon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Balcony (Manet) In 1864, Morisot exhibited for the first time in the highly esteemed Salon de Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot Morisot started to use the technique of squaring and the medium of tracing paper to transcribe her drawing to the canvas exactly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot By employing this new method, Morisot was able to create compositions with more complicated interaction between figures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot In her large painting, The Cherry Tree, colors are more vivid but are still used to emphasize form. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot Responding to the experiments conducted by Manet and Edgar Degas, Morisot used barely tinted whites to harmonize the paintings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot Instead of portraying the public space and the society, Morisot preferred private, intimate scenes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot By the introduction of Manet, Morisot was married to Édouard's brother, Eugène Manet in 1874. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot His uncle, Edmond Fournier, encouraged him to pursue painting and took young Manet to the Louvre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet The Tempest is an enigmatic painting featuring a fully dressed man and a nude woman in a rural setting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet The painting is also reminiscent of Francisco Goya's painting The Nude Maja (1800). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet In 1852, Leenhoff gave birth, out of wedlock, to a son, Leon Koella Leenhoff. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet She is credited with convincing Manet to attempt plein air painting, which she had been practicing since she was introduced to it by another friend of hers, Camille Corot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet it is a truly charming experience to contemplate this luminous and serious painting which interprets nature with a gentle brutality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet Novel at the time, this method made possible the completion of a painting in a single sitting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet Using his favorite model in his last painting of her, a fellow painter, Victorine Meurent, also the model for Olympia and the Luncheon on the Grass, sits before an iron fence holding a sleeping puppy and an open book in her lap. Next to her is a little girl with her back to the painter, watching a train pass beneath them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Édouard Manet Fort Pierce is served by the St. Lucie Transportation Planning Organization (TPO). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fort Pierce, Florida She was described by Gustave Geffroy as one of "les trois grandes dames" (the three great ladies) of Impressionism alongside Marie Bracquemond and Berthe Morisot. In 1879, Diego Martelli compared her to Degas, as they both sought to depict movement, light, and design in the most modern sense. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Cassatt He returns to sanity before their return from honeymoon, and the whole incident is kept secret from Lucie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Carton, though he seldom visits, is accepted as a close friend and becomes a special favourite of little Lucie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie's father; when the book opens, he has just been released after a ghastly 18 years as a prisoner in the Bastille. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Jarvis Lorry suggests that marrying Lucie would be unwise and Stryver, after thinking it over, talks himself out of it, later marrying a rich widow instead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie Manette is the light, as represented literally by her name; and Madame Defarge is darkness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Both Lucie and Mr Lorry feel the dark threat that is Madame Defarge. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Change places with him, and would you have been looked at by those blue eyes [belonging to Lucie Manette] as he was, and commiserated by that agitated face as he was? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie believes her father to be dead, so she faints at the news that he is alive. Lorry takes her to France for a reunion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities Darnay's uncle had kidnapped and raped a peasant girl. Her brother, first hiding his remaining younger sister, had gone to confront the uncle, who ran him through with his sword. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Tale of Two Cities The Piano Lesson is a 1987 play by American playwright August Wilson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Piano Lesson A Romare Bearden painting, The Piano Lesson, inspired Wilson to write a play featuring a strong female character to confront African-American history, paralleling Troy in earlier Fences. However, on finishing his play, Wilson found the ending to stray from the empowered female character as well as from the question regarding self-worth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Piano Lesson The Crown and Schubert Piano Company also produced a four-pedal piano. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Piano Manet and Morisot had one daughter, Julie Manet, born on 14 November 1878. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eugène Manet By 1938 Leon Theremin needed money to return to Russia and, according to the Rosen's daughter Anne Stern, Walter offered him ten thousand dollars to create a new machine for Lucie together with all technical papers and rights to produce more for personal use only. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Bigelow Rosen After Walter died in 1951, Lucie expanded the musical performances they had both started in 1940 into the Caramoor festival. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Bigelow Rosen In 1913 Lucie disappeared from her mother's home in London, resulting in a much publicized search involving Scotland Yard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Bigelow Rosen Lucie was part of a ten-person theremin ensemble rehearsing for their debut at the Carnegie Hall with Leon Theremin. Sometime afterward, the Rosens offered Theremin the use of their 37 West Fifty-fourth Street townhouse at low rent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lucie Bigelow Rosen When Haneke told her he would not direct The Piano Teacher without her, Huppert skimmed the screenplay and realized its potential. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Piano Teacher (film) She was the grand-niece of Fragonard, and also a painter; Morisot and Manet influenced each other's work. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets The violet flowers are barely perceptible where the neckline of Morisot's dress dips towards her chest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Valéry knew the painting well: he was married to Morisot's niece, Jeannie Gobillard, the daughter of Morisot's sister Yves and her husband Theodore Gobillard, and so he also related by marriage to Manet; indeed, his wedding in 1900 was a double celebration at the same time as the marriage of Morisot's daughter Julie Manet to Ernest Rouart. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets It entered Morisot's own collection, possibly directly from the artist, before being donated to the French state in 1999. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Berthe Morisot with a Fan "In her crucial, formative years," Berthe "depended most of all on her sister. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edma Morisot " A portrait of Berthe by Edma, from 1863, is probably the earliest surviving picture of Berthe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edma Morisot Edma Morisot was included in the 2018 exhibit Women in Paris 1850-1900. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edma Morisot The Banana River flows into the Indian River on the island's south side. The Indian River continues southward to St. Lucie Inlet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian River (Florida) David Hadamard, Lucie's father, was a diamond merchant in Paris. The couple organized many receptions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lucie Dreyfus The couple organized many receptions. In one of them, Lucie met Alfred Dreyfus, a classmate of her cousin Paul Hadamard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lucie Dreyfus In one of them, Lucie met Alfred Dreyfus, a classmate of her cousin Paul Hadamard. The couple became engaged during the winter of 1889–1890. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lucie Dreyfus Lucie visited her husband daily in Parisian prisons and then on the Île de Ré. She has an important correspondence with her husband, even when he is exiled to Devil's Island. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lucie Dreyfus Just behind the railings, there are a hydrangea in a ceramic pot, and a dog with a ball below Morisot's chair. This was the first portrait of Morisot by Manet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Balcony (Manet) Edma wholeheartedly supported Berthe's continued work and their families always remained close. Edma wrote "… I am often with you in thought, dear Berthe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot After several months, Morisot began to take classes taught by Guichard. During this period, she drew mostly ancient classical figures. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot Morisot actively experimented with charcoals and color pencils. Her reviving interest in drawing was motivated by her Impressionist friends, who are known for blurring forms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot Her reviving interest in drawing was motivated by her Impressionist friends, who are known for blurring forms. Morisot put her emphasis on the clarification of the form and lines during this period. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot Morisot put her emphasis on the clarification of the form and lines during this period. In addition, she was influenced by photography and Japonisme. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot She also worked in oil paint, watercolors, and pastel simultaneously, and sketched using various drawing media. Morisot's works are almost always small in scale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot " She chose to exhibit under her full maiden name instead of using a pseudonym or her married name. As her skill and style improved, many began to rethink their opinion toward Morisot. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot This list is incomplete, you can help by expanding it with certified entries. This limited selection is based in part on the book Berthe Morisot by Charles F. Stuckey, William P. Scott and Susan G. Lindsay, which is in turn drawn from the 1961 catalogue by Marie-Louise Bataille, Rouaart Denis and Georges Wildenstein. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot This limited selection is based in part on the book Berthe Morisot by Charles F. Stuckey, William P. Scott and Susan G. Lindsay, which is in turn drawn from the 1961 catalogue by Marie-Louise Bataille, Rouaart Denis and Georges Wildenstein. There are variations between the dates of execution, first showing and purchase. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot In February 2013, Morisot became the highest priced female artist, when After Lunch (1881), a portrait of a young redhead in a straw hat and purple dress, sold for $10.9 million at a Christie's auction. The painting achieved roughly three times its upper estimate, exceeding the $10.7 million for a sculpture by Louise Bourgeois in 2012. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot She also may have been Auguste's mistress. In 1852, Leenhoff gave birth, out of wedlock, to a son, Leon Koella Leenhoff. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Édouard Manet Manet painted his wife in The Reading, among other paintings. Her son, Leon Leenhoff, whose father may have been either of the Manets, posed often for Manet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Édouard Manet She is credited with convincing Manet to attempt plein air painting, which she had been practicing since she was introduced to it by another friend of hers, Camille Corot. They had a reciprocating relationship and Manet incorporated some of her techniques into his paintings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Édouard Manet Then, as I said, there is such a surprisingly elegant awkwardness ... it is a truly charming experience to contemplate this luminous and serious painting which interprets nature with a gentle brutality. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Édouard Manet Lorry and Lucie find him in a small garret where he spends much of his time distractedly and obsessionally making shoes – a skill he learned in prison. Lorry and Lucie take him back to England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Carton nevertheless promises to "embrace any sacrifice for you and for those dear to you". Darnay asks for Dr Manette's permission to wed Lucie, and he agrees. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Lorry finds a second home with them. Carton, though he seldom visits, is accepted as a close friend and becomes a special favourite of little Lucie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities He visits Lorry and warns him that Lucie and her family must be ready to flee the next day. He extracts a promise that Lorry and the family will be waiting for him in the carriage at 2 pm, ready to leave the very instant he returns. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Meanwhile, Madame Defarge goes to Lucie's lodgings, hoping to apprehend her and her daughter. There she finds Miss Pross, who is waiting for Jerry so they can follow the family out of Paris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities However, he is not truly in love with her and in fact treats her condescendingly. Jarvis Lorry suggests that marrying Lucie would be unwise and Stryver, after thinking it over, talks himself out of it, later marrying a rich widow instead. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie Manette is the light, as represented literally by her name; and Madame Defarge is darkness. Darkness represents uncertainty, fear, and peril. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Both Lucie and Mr Lorry feel the dark threat that is Madame Defarge. " That dreadful woman seems to throw a shadow on me," remarks Lucie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities That dreadful woman seems to throw a shadow on me," remarks Lucie. Although Mr Lorry tries to comfort her, "the shadow of the manner of these Defarges was dark upon himself". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Lucie Manette has been noted as resembling Ternan physically. After starring in a play by Wilkie Collins titled The Frozen Deep, Dickens was first inspired to write Tale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities A good reason for talking to a man, that he shows you what you have fallen away from and what you might have been! Change places with him, and would you have been looked at by those blue eyes [belonging to Lucie Manette] as he was, and commiserated by that agitated face as he was? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities Change places with him, and would you have been looked at by those blue eyes [belonging to Lucie Manette] as he was, and commiserated by that agitated face as he was? Come on, and have it out in plain words! --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) A Tale of Two Cities The museum holds mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1914, including paintings, sculptures, furniture, and photography. It houses the largest collection of Impressionist and post-Impressionist masterpieces in the world, by painters including Berthe Morisot, Monet, Manet, Degas, Renoir, Cézanne, Seurat, Sisley, Gauguin, and Van Gogh. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Musée d'Orsay The Port St. Lucie, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of Martin and St. Lucie counties. Port St. Lucie is designated as the principal city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Treasure Coast They shared a common passion in art and culture, especially Italian, making frequent European trips and collecting works of art for their Caramoor estate that they developed from 1929 to 1939.By 1930 Lucie was part of a ten-person theremin ensemble rehearsing for their debut at the Carnegie Hall with Leon Theremin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lucie Bigelow Rosen When Haneke told her he would not direct The Piano Teacher without her, Huppert skimmed the screenplay and realized its potential. She said she had studied piano as a child, quitting when she was 15, but began playing again for the film. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Piano Teacher (film) He was unable to paint while he was serving, and left Paris after the city surrendered at the end of January 1871. He returned to painting later in 1871, and returned to Paris after the defeat of the Paris Commune in May 1871. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets Manet painted Morisot with black eyes, although her eyes were actually green. The dark costume and eyes may allude to Manet's impression that she looked Spanish. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets " A portrait of Berthe by Edma, from 1863, is probably the earliest surviving picture of Berthe. The two sisters were known to travel together, exhibit together, and often painted side by side. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Edma Morisot
16454.	Q: What is the middle color of the left-most flag hanging from the front of the Embassy of Azerbaijan in London? Title = Azerbaijani Embassy, Kensington Court, London (25th September 2014) Description = A: red Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Embassy of the United States, Beijing, Iranian Embassy siege, Baku, The Embassy (band), Eye color, Embassy of the United States, New Delhi, London Hammer, Wimbledon, London, United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade, The Mall, London, Azerbaijanis, Azerbaijani, Peach (color), London–Edinburgh–London, City of London, Azerbaijan (Iran), List of cities in Azerbaijan, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, Color gradient, 1998 United States embassy bombings, Azerbaijan, Color wheel, The Embassy, List of diplomatic missions of the United States, Greater London, .london, Color, Impossible color, Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan, Olive (color), London Underground, Embassy of the United States, Baghdad, Color blindness, Olive skin, Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, London Bridge, Violet (color), London, Embassy of the United States, Kabul Toggle details	Some 250,000 people from Azerbaijan were killed on the front. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Azerbaijan The City, like most of central London, is well served by buses, including night buses. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) City of London However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Color blindness Within days Azerbaijan announced the capture of dozens of villages on the southern front. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Drab is an older color name, from the middle of the 16th century. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Olive (color) Cockney is an accent heard across London, mainly spoken by working-class and lower-middle class Londoners. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) London This was the same flag that had flown over the U.S. Embassy in Kabul that day when it closed in 1989. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Embassy of the United States, Kabul Similarly, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) London Members of the University of London have their own admissions procedures, and most award their own degrees. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) London The outer top circle of the HSV cylinder – or the outer middle circle of the HSL cylinder – can be thought of as a color wheel. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Color wheel In the middle of the eleventh century, the Seljuq dynasty overthrew Arab rule and established an empire that encompassed most of Southwest Asia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Azerbaijanis Azerbaijan was taken over by the Kurdish Daisam and the Sallarid Marzuban, the latter united it with Arran, Shirvan, and most of Eastern Armenia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Azerbaijan (Iran) The ceasefire quickly broke down and the Azerbaijani advance continued. Within days Azerbaijan announced the capture of dozens of villages on the southern front. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Approximately 681,000 people with over 100,000 of them women, went to the front, while the total population of Azerbaijan was 3.4 million at the time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Azerbaijan Some 250,000 people from Azerbaijan were killed on the front. More than 130 Azerbaijanis were named Heroes of the Soviet Union. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Azerbaijan While most humans are trichromatic (having three types of color receptors), many animals, known as tetrachromats, have four types. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, and there are only 29 stations south of the River Thames. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Underground Color blindness may make some educational activities more difficult. However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness Policies of de-Stalinization and improvement after the 1950s led to better education and welfare conditions for most of Azerbaijan. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic According to Oan Ali Mohammed, suppression of the Arab sovereignty movement was the spark that led to his desire to attack the Iranian Embassy in London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Iranian Embassy siege However, OCA2 gene polymorphism, close to proximal 5′ regulatory region, explains most human eye-color variation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Eye color In those with milder forms of albinism, the color of the iris is typically blue but can vary from blue to brown. In severe forms of albinism, there is no pigment on the back of the iris, and light from inside the eye can pass through the iris to the front. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Eye color Like the color apricot, the color peach is paler than most actual peach fruits and seems to have been formulated (like the color apricot) primarily to create a pastel palette of colors for interior design. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peach (color) It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) City of London Within days Azerbaijan announced the capture of dozens of villages on the southern front. A second ceasefire attempt midnight 17 October 2020 was also ignored. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war According to Article 23 of the Constitution, the state symbols of the Azerbaijan Republic are the flag, the coat of arms, and the national anthem. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Azerbaijan Approximately 681,000 people with over 100,000 of them women, went to the front, while the total population of Azerbaijan was 3.4 million at the time. Some 250,000 people from Azerbaijan were killed on the front. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Azerbaijan The City of London has no state schools, just two independent schools. Haringey and Kensington and Chelsea have the most people that pass no GCSEs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London Some objects not only reflect light, but also transmit light or emit light themselves, which also contributes to the color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color The first recorded use of olive drab as a color name in English was in 1892. Drab is an older color name, from the middle of the 16th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Olive (color) In 1933, most of London's underground railways, tramway and bus services were merged to form the London Passenger Transport Board, which used the London Transport brand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Underground In almost all cases, color blind people retain blue–yellow discrimination, and most color blind individuals are anomalous trichromats rather than complete dichromats. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness London, also referred to as Greater London, is one of nine regions of England and the top-level subdivision covering most of the city's metropolis. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London The average price for properties in Kensington and Chelsea is over £2 million with a similarly high outlay in most of central London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Transport for London is now the statutory corporation responsible for most aspects of the transport system in Greater London, and is run by a board and a commissioner appointed by the Mayor of London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London It has no specific geographical correlate, although it is also traditionally defined as the standard speech used in London and south-eastern England. It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. Additionally, various other airports also serve London, catering primarily to general aviation flights. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London As of 2011, 1,000 black cabs are ordered by Baku Taxi Company, and as part of a programme originally announced by the Transport Ministry of Azerbaijan, there is a plan to introduce London cabs into Baku. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Baku This name may also be substituted for "peachy." Like the color apricot, the color peach is paler than most actual peach fruits and seems to have been formulated (like the color apricot) primarily to create a pastel palette of colors for interior design. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peach (color) It owns land beyond its boundaries, including open spaces (parks, forests and commons) in and around Greater London, including most of Epping Forest and Hampstead Heath. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London The Corporation oversees the running of the Bridge House Trust, which maintains London Bridge, Blackfriars Bridge, Southwark Bridge, Tower Bridge and the Millennium Bridge. The City's flag flies over Tower Bridge, although neither footing is in the City. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London This opened the gateway for the Muslims to enter Azerbaijan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan (Iran) By the end of the war in 1813 and the resulting Treaty of Gulistan, Qajar Iran was forced to cede Georgia, most of the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan, and Dagestan to Russia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan (Iran) After the declared ceasefire, the President of Artsakh admitted Azerbaijan had been able to achieve some success, moving the front deep into Artsakh territory; the Armenian Prime Minister announced that Armenian forces had conducted a "partial retreat". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Later in 1990, the Supreme Council of the Azerbaijan SSR dropped the words "Soviet Socialist" from the title, adopted the "Declaration of Sovereignty of the Azerbaijan Republic" and restored the flag of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic as the state flag. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan This means they use more biocapacity than Azerbaijan contains. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan That leads to the formation of subtropical climate on most foothills and plains of the country. Meanwhile, plains and foothills are characterized by high solar radiation rates.9 out of 11 existing climate zones are present in Azerbaijan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan The Greater London Built-up Area is used in some national statistics and is a measure of most of the continuous urban area, and includes areas outside the administrative region. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London The same can be said for Italian and French Londoners whose communities have been here for centuries (the French Embassy estimates there are between 300,000 and 400,000 French citizens living in the UK, with "a huge majority of them living in London"). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London London is a draw for UK graduates from all over the UK. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London These include some species of spiders, most marsupials, birds, reptiles, and many species of fish. Other species are sensitive to only two axes of color or do not perceive color at all; these are called dichromats and monochromats respectively. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color Similarly, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. This is used to reproduce color scenes in photography, printing, television, and other media. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color Drab is an older color name, from the middle of the 16th century. It refers to a dull light brown color, the color of cloth made from undyed homespun wool. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olive (color) Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. People with total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be uncomfortable in bright environments and have decreased visual acuity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Policies of de-Stalinization and improvement after the 1950s led to better education and welfare conditions for most of Azerbaijan. This also coincided with the period of rapid urbanization and industrialization. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic London then grew slowly until about 950, after which activity increased dramatically. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Both are controlled by the City of London Corporation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Cockney is an accent heard across London, mainly spoken by working-class and lower-middle class Londoners. It is mainly attributed to the East End and wider East London, having originated there in the eighteenth century, although it has been suggested that the Cockney style of speech is much older. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Later that month, The Marines from this Unit were the first Marines to raise the US Flag since the embassy was closed in 1989. This was the same flag that had flown over the U.S. Embassy in Kabul that day when it closed in 1989. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Embassy of the United States, Kabul Mate selection and traits that have been linked to iris color == --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Eye color Even people with the lightest blue eyes, with no melanin on the front of the iris at all, have dark brown coloration on the back of it, to prevent light from scattering around inside the eye. In those with milder forms of albinism, the color of the iris is typically blue but can vary from blue to brown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Eye color The Embassy is headed by the U.S. Ambassador to India. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Embassy of the United States, New Delhi The Embassy is headed by the U.S. Ambassador to India. The embassy complex is situated on a 28-acre plot of land in Chanakyapuri, the diplomatic enclave of New Delhi, where most of the embassies are located. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Embassy of the United States, New Delhi Immediately thereafter, the Iranian government regained control of Iranian Azerbaijan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijanis Azerbaijan began the twentieth century with institutions based upon those of Russia and the Soviet Union, with an official policy of atheism and strict state control over most aspects of society. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijanis In Azerbaijan, women were granted the right to vote in 1917. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijanis In Azerbaijan, the veil was abandoned during the Soviet period. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijanis In the middle of the eleventh century, the Seljuq dynasty overthrew Arab rule and established an empire that encompassed most of Southwest Asia. The Seljuk period marked the influx of Oghuz nomads into the region. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijanis In 1381, the Peasants' Revolt affected London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London They are independent extra-parochial areas, historically not governed by the City of London Corporation (and are today regarded as local authorities for most purposes) and equally outside the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Bishop of London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London In some factories and major companies in Azerbaijan include: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan (Iran) In the Azerbaijan region, the population consists mainly of Azeris. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan (Iran) Here is a list and map of roads that pass through Azerbaijan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan (Iran) After the declared ceasefire, the President of Artsakh admitted Azerbaijan had been able to achieve some success, moving the front deep into Artsakh territory; the Armenian Prime Minister announced that Armenian forces had conducted a "partial retreat". The ceasefire quickly broke down and the Azerbaijani advance continued. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Since the beginning of the conflict, both Armenia and Azerbaijan declared martial law, limiting the freedom of speech. Meanwhile, a new law came into effect since October 2020 in Armenia, which prohibits negative coverage of the situation at the front. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war A color gradient is also known as a color ramp or a color progression. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color gradient Azerbaijan is also an observer state of the WTO. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan As a result, Azerbaijan is running a biocapacity deficit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan The film industry in Azerbaijan dates back to 1898. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Azerbaijan They make use of the trichromatic model of color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel This type of color matching is known as metameric matching. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel The HSL and HSV color spaces are simple geometric transformations of the RGB cube into cylindrical form. The outer top circle of the HSV cylinder – or the outer middle circle of the HSL cylinder – can be thought of as a color wheel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel The London postal district does not cover all of Greater London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London The science of color is sometimes called chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color While most humans are trichromatic (having three types of color receptors), many animals, known as tetrachromats, have four types. These include some species of spiders, most marsupials, birds, reptiles, and many species of fish. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color The ability to see color also decreases in old age. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness This form of color blindness is not sex-linked. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Total color blindness is defined as the inability to see color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The color's name is derived from the violet flower. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Violet (color) The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London In writing, "London" is, on occasion, colloquially contracted to "LDN". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London You find no man, at all intellectual, who is willing to leave London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London One way to get an idea of their relative importance is to look at relative amounts of office space: Greater London had 27 million m2 of office space in 2001, and the City contains the most space, with 8 million m2 of office space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Cycling has become an increasingly popular way to get around London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The local authorities are the councils of the 32 London boroughs and the City of London Corporation. They are responsible for most local services, such as local planning, schools, social services, local roads and refuse collection. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London is a major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world. Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The Iranian Embassy siege took place from 30 April to 5 May 1980, after a group of six armed men stormed the Iranian embassy on Prince's Gate in South Kensington, London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Iranian Embassy siege At approximately 20:00, Oan became agitated by noises coming from the Ethiopian Embassy next door. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Iranian Embassy siege A few minutes later, Lavasani's body was dumped out of the front door. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Iranian Embassy siege Because it is accepted by the British government that he would be executed or tortured, he cannot be deported to Iran; he now lives in south London, having assumed another identity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Iranian Embassy siege The city is the scientific, cultural, and industrial centre of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Baku Shortly after this, Baku was proclaimed the new capital of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Baku Baku is the seat of the Catholic Apostolic Prefecture of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Baku The result was a bit more contemplative than we were used to, although with some typical Embassy-sounds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Embassy (band) The genetics and inheritance of eye color in humans is complicated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color So far, as many as 15 genes have been associated with eye color inheritance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Some of the eye-color genes include OCA2 and HERC2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Eye color is an inherited trait influenced by more than one gene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Others have attempted to set objective standards of color comparison. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Green irises, for example, have some yellow and the blue structural color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Eye color in non-human animals is regulated differently. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Because melanocyte cells continually produce pigment, in theory eye color can be changed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color As with blue eyes, the color of green eyes does not result simply from the pigmentation of the iris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Hazel eyes often appear to shift in color from a brown to a green. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color Eye color outside of the iris may also be symptomatic of disease. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color In those with milder forms of albinism, the color of the iris is typically blue but can vary from blue to brown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color The genetics of eye color are so complex that almost any parent-child combination of eye colors can occur. However, OCA2 gene polymorphism, close to proximal 5′ regulatory region, explains most human eye-color variation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Eye color However, despite pockets of continued resistance, the majority of the inhabitants of Azerbaijan converted to Islam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis According to Soviet scholars, the Turkicization of Azerbaijan was largely completed during the Ilkhanid period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis It has also been hypothesized that the population of Iranian Azerbaijan was predominantly Persian-speaking before the Oghuz arrived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis The Udi language, still spoken in Azerbaijan, may be a remnant of the Albanians' language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis The vast majority of Azerbaijanis live in the Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis Approximately 9.1 million Azerbaijanis are found in the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis There were also protests held in front of Iranian embassies in Istanbul and Baku. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis Abortion is available on demand in the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis "Azerbaijani film and television are largely broadcast in Azerbaijan with limited outlets in Iran. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis Chess is another popular pastime in the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis Azerbaijan began the twentieth century with institutions based upon those of Russia and the Soviet Union, with an official policy of atheism and strict state control over most aspects of society. Since independence, there is a secular system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijanis Riders headed first north to Edinburgh and back, then south to London and back. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London–Edinburgh–London The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London This wider usage of London is documented as far back as 1888, when the County of London was created. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Bridges under the jurisdiction of the City include London Bridge and Blackfriars Bridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London London came top in the Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index, published in 2008. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London London's insurance sector continues to be based in the area, particularly in Lime Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The arrival of the railways and the Tube meant that London could expand over a much greater area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City's population fell rapidly in the 19th century and through most of the 20th century, as people moved outwards in all directions to London's vast suburbs, and many residential buildings were demolished to make way for office blocks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The Museum of London is based there, as are a number of other services provided by the Corporation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Only electors who are Freemen of the City of London are eligible to stand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City's flag flies over Tower Bridge, although neither footing is in the City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Today it is part of the London Borough of Southwark. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The Tower of London has always been outside the City and comes under the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London It then turns south-west, crossing the Minories so as to exclude the Tower of London, and then reaches the river. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City relies upon stations in the surrounding London boroughs to support it at some incidents. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London It also ranked highest within the Greater London area for the percentage of people with no religion and people who are employed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Thameslink services call at Farringdon, City Thameslink, and London Blackfriars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London All stations in the City are in London fare zone 1. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The College of Law has its London campus in Moorgate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London They are independent extra-parochial areas, historically not governed by the City of London Corporation (and are today regarded as local authorities for most purposes) and equally outside the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Bishop of London. They are within the boundaries and liberties of the City, but can be thought of as independent enclaves. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Within the City, the Corporation owns and runs both Smithfield Market and Leadenhall Market. It owns land beyond its boundaries, including open spaces (parks, forests and commons) in and around Greater London, including most of Epping Forest and Hampstead Heath. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City, like most of central London, is well served by buses, including night buses. Two bus stations are in the City, at Aldgate on the eastern boundary with Tower Hamlets, and at Liverpool Street by the railway station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Rustam himself was born in Azerbaijan and led the Sasanian army into battle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) The Muslims then invaded Azerbaijan and captured Isfandiyar, the son of Farrukhzad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) Muslims settled in Azerbaijan as they did in many parts of Iran. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) In 1136, Azerbaijan fell to the Atabakan-e-Azerbaijan and Atabakan-e-Maragheh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) It shares borders with the Republic of Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, and Iraq. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) Azerbaijanis in both Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan are mostly Shiite Muslims. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) Many poets that came from Azerbaijan wrote poetry in both Persian and Azerbaijani. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) This airplane company is in Azerbaijan with Eram Air. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) It crosses Lake Urmia and connects East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) Rustam himself was born in Azerbaijan and led the Sasanian army into battle. He is also mentioned in the Shahnameh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) This opened the gateway for the Muslims to enter Azerbaijan. The Muslims then invaded Azerbaijan and captured Isfandiyar, the son of Farrukhzad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan (Iran) Turkey provided military support to Azerbaijan, although the extent of this support has been disputed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The government of Azerbaijan denied the involvement of foreign fighters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war On the morning of the seventh day, Azerbaijan launched a major offensive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The peace agreement and the end of the war was seen as a victory and was widely celebrated in Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war During the conflict, the government of Azerbaijan did not reveal the number of its military casualties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Russia had sought to maintain good relations with Azerbaijan and had sold weapons to both parties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war According to Forbes, Azerbaijan had adequately prepared itself for tomorrow's war rather than a repeat of yesterday's war. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Another suicide drone, the Turkish-made STM Kargu, was also reportedly used by Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Concerns were raised about the security of the petroleum industry in Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The Presidential Administration of Azerbaijan also confirmed that the cemetery was shelled in the morning. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan had officially accused the Armenian side of ill-treating the Azerbaijani POWs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The same day, the Armenian MoFA stated that the Turkish Air Force had carried out provocative flights along the front between the forces of the Republic of Artsakh and Azerbaijan, including providing air support to the Azerbaijani army. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war On 27 September 2020, Azerbaijan accused Armenian forces of a "willful and deliberate" attack on the front line and of targeting civilian areas, alleging a "gross violation of international humanitarian law". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war He added that Azerbaijan would restore its cities and destroyed mosques and accused Armenia of distorting history. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Subsequently, Tsurkov detailed the recruitment, by the Hamza Division and Sultan Murad and Sultan Suleyman Shah Brigades, of at least a thousand mercenaries to Azerbaijan, including civilians with no fighting experience who had been informed they would be guarding oil facilities but were then sent to the front. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan stated that Armenia employed Serbian weapons, alleged to have been transported via Georgia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Meanwhile, a new law came into effect since October 2020 in Armenia, which prohibits negative coverage of the situation at the front. Restrictions have been reported on the work of international journalists in Azerbaijan, with no corresponding restrictions reported in Nagorno-Karabakh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The colors produced by a gradient vary continuously with position, producing smooth color transitions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color gradient The appearance of a gradient not only varies by the color themselves, but also by the color space the calculation is performed in. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color gradient Azerbaijan is a developing country and ranks 87th on the Human Development Index. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan " Many Russians and Armenians left and fled Azerbaijan as refugees during the 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is home to a wide variety of landscapes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The rest of Azerbaijan's terrain consists of plains and lowlands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The hydrography of Azerbaijan basically belongs to the Caspian Sea basin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The Kura and Aras are the major rivers in Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan 66 percent of the species growing in the whole Caucasus can be found in Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The Cabinet of Azerbaijan consists primarily of the prime minister, his deputies, and ministers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's system of governance nominally can be called two-tiered. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has placed a particular emphasis on its "special relationship" with Turkey. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is an active member of international coalitions fighting international terrorism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Moreover, Azerbaijan includes the Autonomous Republic (muxtar respublika) of Nakhchivan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The Azerbaijan National Guard is a further paramilitary force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's defense budget for 2013 is $3.7 billion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan By 2012 the GDP of Azerbaijan had increased 20-fold from its 1995 level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The history of the oil industry of Azerbaijan dates back to the ancient period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Access to biocapacity in Azerbaijan is less than world average. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has the largest agricultural basin in the region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Tourism is an important part of the economy of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan These activities are regulated by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan In 2011 Azerbaijan saw a migration of −1.14/1,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is considered the most secular Muslim-majority country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Music of Azerbaijan builds on folk traditions that reach back nearly a thousand years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is an enthusiastic participant in the Eurovision Song Contest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan In fact, Azerbaijan was among the first countries involved in cinematography. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The Constitution of Azerbaijan claims to guarantee freedom of speech, but this is denied in practice. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Some critical journalists have been arrested for their coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The game is very popular in Azerbaijan and is widely played among the local public. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan A fifth of all Azerbaijanis fought in the Second World War from 1941 to 1945. Approximately 681,000 people with over 100,000 of them women, went to the front, while the total population of Azerbaijan was 3.4 million at the time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The Kura and Aras are the major rivers in Azerbaijan. They run through the Kura-Aras Lowland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan According to Article 23 of the Constitution, the state symbols of the Azerbaijan Republic are the flag, the coat of arms, and the national anthem. The state power in Azerbaijan is limited only by law for internal issues, but international affairs are also limited by international agreements' provisions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan This means they use more biocapacity than Azerbaijan contains. As a result, Azerbaijan is running a biocapacity deficit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan The color circle is used for, among other purposes, illustrating additive color mixture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel The color circle is a useful tool for examining these illusions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel A basic color scheme uses two colors that look appealing together. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Tetrad colors can be found by putting a square or rectangle on the color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel An analogous color scheme is made up of colors next to each other on the wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Triadic colors are colors that are evenly across from each other, in a triangle over the color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel A Royal Commission on London Government was set up to consider the issue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The London Traffic Act 1924 was a result of the Commission. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The majority of Greater London forms the London low emission zone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London It consists of an elected assembly, the London Assembly, and an executive head, the Mayor of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The current Mayor (not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London) is Sadiq Khan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The City of London forms part of the City and East constituency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The London region does not have city status granted by the Crown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Greater London is officially divided for some purposes, with varying definitions, into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Greater London is divided into 32 London Boroughs, each governed by a London Borough council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London All London Borough councils belong to the London Councils association. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Within the City of London are the liberties of Middle Temple and Inner Temple. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Figures here are for Greater London in its 2001 boundaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The introduction of comprehensive schools, directed by Circular 10/65 in 1965, was mostly followed in Greater London; however, 19 grammar schools have been retained in some Outer London boroughs, with Sutton having the most with five, followed by Bexley with four and others in five other boroughs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The City of London has no state schools, just two independent schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Haringey and Kensington and Chelsea have the most people that pass no GCSEs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Some London boroughs need more good sixth form colleges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The University of London has 20 federated colleges and schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London University College London (UCL) and King's College London (KCL). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London In 2018 the estimated population surpassed 9 million. The Greater London Built-up Area is used in some national statistics and is a measure of most of the continuous urban area, and includes areas outside the administrative region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London London and Partners, which promotes the city, said that .london would carry a premium because of its exclusivity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) .london In each such class the members are called metamers of the color in question. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color This theory has been supported by neurobiology, and accounts for the structure of our subjective color experience. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Colors observed during that period will appear to lack the color component detected by the desensitized photoreceptors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The different color response of different devices can be problematic if not properly managed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The color that a surface displays comes from the parts of the visible spectrum that are not absorbed and therefore remain visible. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Structural color is studied in the field of thin-film optics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The opponent color theory suggests that there are three opponent channels: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color Although they cannot be seen, imaginary colors are often found in the mathematical descriptions that define color spaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color Any additive mixture of two real colors is also a real color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color By mixing any three colors, one can therefore create any color contained in the triangle they describe—this is called the gamut formed by those three colors, which are called primary colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color Claimed evidence for the ability to see colors not in the color space = --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color Some observers indicated that although they were aware that what they were viewing was a color (that is, the field was not achromatic), they were unable to name or describe the color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color One of these observers was an artist with large color vocabulary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color On the new division of economic regions in the Republic of Azerbaijan". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan As a result of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, most of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding districts came under the occupation of ethnic Armenian forces. The self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) also controlled a large part of southwestern Azerbaijan outside Nagorno-Karabakh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan As a color word in the English language, it appears in late Middle English. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olive (color) Displayed at right is the web color dark olive green. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olive (color) Black olive is a color in the RAL color matching system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olive (color) The color "black olive" is a representation of the color of black olives. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olive (color) The day-to-day running of the corporation is left to the Commissioner of Transport for London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The London Underground was used by 1.357 billion passengers in 2017/2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The words "London Transport" were added inside the ring, above and below the bar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground Art on the Underground was launched in 2000 to revive London Underground as a patron of the arts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground In 1933, most of London's underground railways, tramway and bus services were merged to form the London Passenger Transport Board, which used the London Transport brand. The Waterloo & City Railway, which was by then in the ownership of the main line Southern Railway, remained with its existing owners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Dichromats usually know they have a color vision problem, and it can affect their daily lives. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Anomalous trichromacy is the least serious type of color deficiency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some may not even be aware that their color perception is in any way different from normal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness As of 2012, sunglasses that notch out color wavelengths are available commercially. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness This will still cause problems for those with monochromatic color blindness, but it is still something worth considering. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Inability to distinguish color does not necessarily preclude the ability to become a celebrated artist. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness After independence, the Republic of Azerbaijan decided to switch back to a modified Latin script. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijani language In Iran, it is spoken mainly in East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Zanjan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijani language The Constitution of the Azerbaijan SSR ceased to exist in 1995, upon the adoption of the new Constitution of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic From its founding it was officially known as the Azerbaijan Socialist Soviet Republic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Upon independence, it was renamed to the Republic of Azerbaijan (or Azerbaijani Republic) in 1991. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Apart from the Oil Rocks, Azerbaijan's first offshore oil field was opened in the early 1950s. Policies of de-Stalinization and improvement after the 1950s led to better education and welfare conditions for most of Azerbaijan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic It carries the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge London Bridge was the one bridge not subsequently stripped of the illuminations, which are regularly switched on at night. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge London Bridge station is also served by National Rail. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge The first recorded use as a color name in English was in 1370. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) It is also used by the Hopi Indians of Arizona to color ritual objects. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) Prior to Perkin's discovery, mauve was a color which only the aristocracy and rich could afford to wear. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) A European poll in 2000 showed it was the color most commonly associated with vanity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) As a color that rarely exists in nature, and a color which by its nature attracts attention, it is seen as a color of individualism and extravagance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) Violet flowers and their color became symbolically associated with lesbian love. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violet (color) London is one of the world's most important global cities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London accounts for 13.4% of the U.K. population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded that Alfred "refounded" London in 886. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London By the end of the Tudor period in 1603, London was still very compact. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London then overtook Amsterdam as the leading international financial centre. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London No, Sir, when a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The London Air Ambulance charity operates in conjunction with the LAS where required. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The ministerial post of minister for London was created in 1994. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The current Minister for London is Paul Scully MP. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Funding cuts to police in London are likely to have contributed to this, though other factors are also involved. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Greater London boundary has been aligned to the M25 motorway in places. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London More recently, Greater London has been defined as a region of England and in this context is known as London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Historically London grew up at the lowest bridging point on the Thames. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Since the Victorian era the Thames has been extensively embanked, and many of its London tributaries now flow underground. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb ). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Records for atmospheric pressure have been kept at London since 1692. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London During the period 1991–2001 a net 726,000 immigrants arrived in London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has traditionally been Christian, and has a large number of churches, particularly in the City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has some of the highest real estate prices in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Around 325,000 people were employed in financial services in London until mid-2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London Heathrow Airport, in Hillingdon, West London, was for many years the busiest airport in the world for international traffic, and is the major hub of the nation's flag carrier, British Airways. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London also has convenient rail connections with airports out of Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London In 1988, the coach station was purchased by London Transport which then became Transport for London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Since June 2008, Transport for London has completely owned and operated Tramlink. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The A1 and M1 connect London to Leeds, and Newcastle and Edinburgh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London A number of world-leading education institutions are based in London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Leisure is a major part of the London economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has been the setting for many works of literature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has played a significant role in the film industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London West London includes expensive residential areas where properties can sell for tens of millions of pounds. The average price for properties in Kensington and Chelsea is over £2 million with a similarly high outlay in most of central London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London This OP would only be used during daylight hours after this point to turn away everyone trying to gain entry to the Embassy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Embassy of the United States, Kabul The Embassy of the United States in Beijing is the diplomatic mission of the United States in China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Embassy of the United States, Beijing In the resulting firefight, a police officer, most of the hostage-takers, and all of the hostages were killed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Iranian Embassy siege The ensuing negotiations between Harris, Oan, and the police took up most of the morning, and Cramer was eventually released at 11:15. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Iranian Embassy siege In addition, he was honoured with the Freedom of the City of London and in a motion in the House of Commons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Iranian Embassy siege According to Oan Ali Mohammed, suppression of the Arab sovereignty movement was the spark that led to his desire to attack the Iranian Embassy in London. The plan was inspired by the Iran hostage crisis in which supporters of the revolution held the staff of the American embassy in Tehran hostage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Iranian Embassy siege The Shirvan era greatly influenced Baku and the remainder of present-day Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Baku By article 48 of its Constitution, Azerbaijan is a secular state and ensures religious freedom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Baku Baku Puppet Theatre (formally Azerbaijan State Puppet Theatre named after Abdulla Shaig) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Baku Throughout history the transport system of Baku used the now-defunct horsecars, trams and narrow gauge railways. As of 2011, 1,000 black cabs are ordered by Baku Taxi Company, and as part of a programme originally announced by the Transport Ministry of Azerbaijan, there is a plan to introduce London cabs into Baku. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Baku As of 2011, 1,000 black cabs are ordered by Baku Taxi Company, and as part of a programme originally announced by the Transport Ministry of Azerbaijan, there is a plan to introduce London cabs into Baku. The move was part of £16 million agreement between Manganese Bronze subsidiary LTI Limited and Baku Taxi Company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Baku Humans and other animals have many phenotypic variations in eye color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color The genetics of eye color are so complex that almost any parent-child combination of eye colors can occur. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color Other genes implicated in eye color variation are SLC24A4 and TYR. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color People of European descent show the greatest variety in eye color of any population worldwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color (e.g., the amount and kind of illumination, as well as the hue of the surrounding environment), so does the perception of eye color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color Adult eye color is usually established between 3 and 6 months of age, though this can be later. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color The human eye consists of two types of light and color receptors in the Retina. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color The result is a "Tyndall blue" structural color that varies with external lighting conditions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color Brown is by far the most common eye color, with approximately 79% of people in the world having it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color Alternatively, it has been suggested that gray and blue eyes might differ in the concentration of melanin at the front of the stroma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color Although hazel mostly consists of brown and green, the dominant color in the eye can either be brown/gold or green. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color In general, any sudden changes in the color of the sclera should be addressed by a medical professional. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color On occasion, a difference in eye color is caused by blood staining the iris after injury. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color So far, as many as 15 genes have been associated with eye color inheritance. Some of the eye-color genes include OCA2 and HERC2. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eye color In 1983, Baugh's Creation Evidence Museum, purchased the hammeraround 1983 and began to promote it as ‘the London Artifact’. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Hammer The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wimbledon, London Using this process, the individual mistakenly determined that the building which we now know to be the Chinese Embassy was the FDSP headquarters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade They comprise the largest ethnic group in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the second-largest ethnic group in neighboring Iran and Georgia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis The world's largest number of ethnic Azerbaijanis live in Iran, followed by the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis The Safavids, who rose from around Ardabil in Iranian Azerbaijan and lasted until 1722, established the foundations of the modern Iranian state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis Indeed the Iranians were enthusiastically welcomed by the people of Azerbaijan, who strongly preferred domination by Tehran rather than Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis The Turkish speakers of Azerbaijan (q.v.) are mainly descended from the earlier Iranian speakers, several pockets of whom still exist in the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis A subsequent study also suggested 33% Central Asian contribution to Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis As of 1996, around 38% of Azerbaijan's roughly 8,000,000 population spoke Russian fluently. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis An unknown number of Azerbaijanis in the Republic of Azerbaijan have no religious affiliation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis Approximately 9.1 million Azerbaijanis are found in the Republic of Azerbaijan. A diaspora of over a million is spread throughout the rest of the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis The literacy rate is very high, and is estimated at 99.5%. Azerbaijan began the twentieth century with institutions based upon those of Russia and the Soviet Union, with an official policy of atheism and strict state control over most aspects of society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijanis Peach is a color that is named for the pale color of the interior flesh of the peach fruit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peach (color) The color peach approximates the color of the interior flesh of that variety of peaches known as white peaches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peach (color) The first recorded use of peach as a color name in English was in 1588. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peach (color) The inaugural ride did not start in London, but in Doncaster, the home town of the organiser. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London–Edinburgh–London Riders set out from Cheshunt, on the northern outskirts of London, or from Thorne, close to the original Doncaster start. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London–Edinburgh–London The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London (an office separate from, and much older than, the Mayor of London). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Although not within the City, the adjacent Tower of London is part of its old defensive perimeter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Romans built the London Wall some time between AD 190 and 225. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Romans built a bridge across the river, as early as AD 50, near to today's London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The refortified Anglo-Saxon settlement was known as Lundenburh ("London Fort", a borough). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Following the Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror marched on London, reaching as far as Southwark, but failed to get across London Bridge or to defeat the Londoners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London In the 1630s the Crown sought to have the Corporation of the City of London extend its jurisdiction to surrounding areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Expansion continued and became more rapid by the beginning of the 19th century, with London growing in all directions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Since then the City is a minority (in terms of population and area) of the Cities of London and Westminster. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The chief executive of the Corporation holds the ancient office of Town Clerk of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London However the boundaries of the City of London no longer coincide with the old city wall, as the City expanded its jurisdiction slightly over time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Other visible sections are at St Alphage, and there are two sections near the Tower of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Between them ran the Walbrook, one of the many "lost" rivers or streams of London (another is the Fleet). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London There were 1,814 incidents attended in the City in 2006/2007—the lowest in Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Tower of London is not in the City, but is a notable visitor attraction which brings tourists to the southeast of the City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City is well served by the London Underground ("tube") and National Rail networks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Destinations include Canary Wharf business district and London City Airport ().The --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Elizabeth line (Crossrail) will run east-west underneath the City of London once it opens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London London Blackfriars - Thameslink services and some Southeastern services to South East London and Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London London Cannon Street - Southeastern services to South East London and Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Cycling infrastructure in the City is maintained by the City of London Corporation and Transport for London (TfL). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Sandander Cycles and Beryl bike sharing systems operate in the City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London It owns land beyond its boundaries, including open spaces (parks, forests and commons) in and around Greater London, including most of Epping Forest and Hampstead Heath. The Corporation owns Old Spitalfields Market and Billingsgate Fish Market, in the neighbouring London Borough of Tower Hamlets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Today it is part of the London Borough of Southwark. The Tower of London has always been outside the City and comes under the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The following bridges, listed west to east (downstream), cross the River Thames: Blackfriars Bridge, Blackfriars Railway Bridge, Millennium Bridge (footbridge), Southwark Bridge, Cannon Street Railway Bridge and London Bridge; Tower Bridge is not in the City. The City, like most of central London, is well served by buses, including night buses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Iranian Azerbaijan includes three northwestern Iranian provinces: West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan and Ardabil. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Isfandiyar then promised, in return for his life, that he would agree to surrender his estates in Azerbaijan and aid the Muslims in defeating his brother, Bahram. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) A pact was drawn up according to which Azerbaijan was surrendered to Caliph Umar on usual terms of paying the annual Jizya. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) After 1502, Azerbaijan became the chief bulwark and military base of the Safavids. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) With the advent of the Qajars, Azerbaijan became the traditional residence of the heirs-apparent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) The Mugan plain is a plain located between Iran and the southern part of the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Of the 86 members of Assembly of Experts, 11 are representative of the Azerbaijan region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Several Iranian Army and Sepah divisions and brigades are based in Azerbaijan, including: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) The economy in Iranian Azerbaijan is based on Heavy industries, food industries, agriculture, and handicraft. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Iranian Azerbaijan has two free trade zones designated to promote international trade: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) More than fifty percent of entire Iranian food exports are carried from Iranian Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Iranian Azerbaijan is one of the richest and most densely populated regions of Iran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) The majority of Azerbaijanis in Azerbaijan are followers of Twelver Shia Islam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) According to the population census of 2012, the four provinces of East Azerbaijan (2012 pop. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Nine historical sites in Azerbaijan have been designated as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Azeri style is a style (sabk) of architecture when categorizing Iranian architecture development in Azerbaijan history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) In cities, towns, and villages of Iranian Azerbaijan ashiks entertain audiences in coffeehouses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Azerbaijan is connected to the rest of Iranian railways through a line that connects Tabriz to Tehran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) The railway started from Jolfa, a city on the border of Iran and the modern Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) The battle was fierce, but the Sasanian troops lost during the battle. This opened the gateway for the Muslims to enter Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) After the revolt of Babak Khorramdin, who was a Zoroastrian of neo-Mazdakite background, the Abbasid caliphate's grip on Azerbaijan weakened, allowing native dynasties to rise in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan was taken over by the Kurdish Daisam and the Sallarid Marzuban, the latter united it with Arran, Shirvan, and most of Eastern Armenia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) By the end of the war in 1813 and the resulting Treaty of Gulistan, Qajar Iran was forced to cede Georgia, most of the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan, and Dagestan to Russia. The only Caucasian territories remaining in Iranian hands were what is now Armenia, the Nakhichevan Khanate, and the Talysh Khanate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Wool, carpets, and metalware are also produced. In some factories and major companies in Azerbaijan include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Urmia Lake Bridge is a bridge in region. It crosses Lake Urmia and connects East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan (Iran) Azerbaijan will also gain transport communication to its Nakhchivan exclave bordering Turkey and Iran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijani: Qırx dörd günlük müharibə) in both Armenia and Azerbaijan, as well as the international media. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war During the Soviet era, the predominantly Armenian-populated region was governed as an autonomous oblast within the Azerbaijan SSR. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war It also featured the deployment of cluster munitions, which are banned by the majority of the international community but not by Armenia or Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Both Armenia and Azerbaijan used cluster munitions against civilian areas outside of the conflict zone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan announced the capture of Jabrayil on 9 October 2020 and Füzuli on 17 October 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Since the beginning of the conflict, both Armenia and Azerbaijan declared martial law, limiting the freedom of speech. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Restrictions have been reported on the work of international journalists in Azerbaijan, with no corresponding restrictions reported in Nagorno-Karabakh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Protesting Israeli arms sales to Azerbaijan, Armenia has recalled its ambassador to Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Meanwhile, Azerbaijan Railways also announced its plans to rebuild the rail line connecting Stepanakert to Yevlakh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war In April 2021, Azerbaijan opened a Military Trophy Park featuring items from the conflict. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Also, the Armenian authorities had stated that about 60 Armenian servicemen were captured by Azerbaijan as prisoners of war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war On 11 January, Azerbaijan stated that 2,853 of its soldiers had been killed during the war, while another 50 went missing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Turkey has also been the guarantor of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, an exclave of Azerbaijan, since 1921. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Turkey provided military support to Azerbaijan, including military experts and Syrian mercenaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Armenia built its own drones, but these were greatly inferior to Turkish and Israeli drones possessed by Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Musayev was returned to Azerbaijan on 15 December as part of the POW exchange deal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war He then added that "the repeated use of cluster munitions by Azerbaijan should cease immediately as their continued use serves to heighten the danger for civilians for years to come". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan stated that the Armenian side attacked first, prompting an Azerbaijani counter-offensive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war According to Troianovski and Gall, in this ultimatum, Russia stated that if Azerbaijan did not cease its operations after seizing control of Shusha, it will intervene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war It stated that Arab-majority Syrian rebel groups had in fact refused to send their fighters to Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan's president initially stated that Georgia had not allowed the transportation of weapons through its territory and thanked Georgia, as a partner and friend. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan stated that the Armenian side attacked first, prompting an Azerbaijani counter-offensive. On 27 September 2020, Azerbaijan accused Armenian forces of a "willful and deliberate" attack on the front line and of targeting civilian areas, alleging a "gross violation of international humanitarian law". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war An axial color gradient (sometimes also called a linear color gradient) is specified by two points, and a color at each point. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color gradient A radial gradient is specified as a circle that has one color at the edge and another at the center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color gradient Conic or conical gradients are gradients with color transitions rotated around a center point (rather than radiating from the center). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color gradient Example conic gradients include pie charts and color wheels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color gradient ColorMeasures an online tool to enable you to mathematically analyze the properties of a colormap in multiple color spaces --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color gradient Russia now actively tried to gain possession of the Caucasus region which was, for the most part, in the hands of Iran. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan According to the 1970 census, there were 510,000 ethnic Russians and 484,000 Armenians in Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The coup was averted, resulting in the killing of the latter and disbanding of Azerbaijan's OMON units. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Both the armed forces of Azerbaijan and Armenia reported military and civilian casualties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Nearly half of all the mud volcanoes on Earth are concentrated in Azerbaijan, these volcanoes were also among nominees for the New7Wonders of Nature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has several islands along the Caspian sea, mostly located in the Baku Archipelago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Since the independence of Azerbaijan in 1991, the Azerbaijani government has taken measures to preserve the environment of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's diverse landscape affects the ways air masses enter the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan That leads to the formation of subtropical climate on most foothills and plains of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Artificial rivers (canals) and ponds are a part of Azerbaijan's water systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's flora consists of more than 4,500 species of higher plants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The most recent country to recognize Azerbaijan was Bahrain, on 6 November 1996. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan was one of the first countries to offer support after the September 11 attacks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is an active member of NATO's Partnership for Peace program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan As of 2021, Azerbaijan had 126,000 active personnel in its armed forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has deployed 151 of its Peacekeeping Forces in Iraq and another 184 in Afghanistan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The defense budget of Azerbaijan for 2011 was set at US$3.1 billion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Two-thirds of Azerbaijan is rich in oil and natural gas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The government of Azerbaijan has set the development of Azerbaijan as an elite tourist destination as a top priority. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan E-visa – for a visit of foreigners of visa-required countries to the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is also an important economic hub in the transportation of raw materials. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan also plays a major role in the EU-sponsored Silk Road Project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Under article 48 of its Constitution, Azerbaijan is a secular state and ensures religious freedom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Mugham, meykhana and ashiq art are among the many musical traditions of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan made its debut appearance at the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Modern literature in Azerbaijan is based on the Shirvani dialect mainly, while in Iran it is based on the Tabrizi one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Each of these types of decorative art, evidence of the endowments of the Azerbaijan nation, is very much in favor here. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has been since ancient times known as a center of a large variety of crafts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Voice of America are banned in Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan the severe deterioration of human rights in Azerbaijan over the past few years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Sadly Azerbaijan has been allowed to get away with unprecedented levels of repression and in the process almost wipe out its civil society'. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The structural formation of Azerbaijan's political system was completed by the adoption of the new Constitution on 12 November 1995. According to Article 23 of the Constitution, the state symbols of the Azerbaijan Republic are the flag, the coat of arms, and the national anthem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has the largest agricultural basin in the region. About 54.9 percent of Azerbaijan is agricultural land. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan The film industry in Azerbaijan dates back to 1898. In fact, Azerbaijan was among the first countries involved in cinematography. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Others classify various color wheels as color disc, color chart, and color scale varieties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Intermediate and interior points of color wheels and circles represent color mixtures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel In his book Opticks, Isaac Newton presented a color circle to illustrate the relations between these colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Thus, Newton's color circle is a predecessor of the modern, horseshoe-shaped CIE color diagram. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel These often contain only blocks of color rather than the gradation between tones that is characteristic of the color circle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel A number of interactive color wheel applications are available both on the Internet and as desktop applications. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel In color theory, a color scheme is the choice of colors used in design for a range of media. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Color schemes are logical combinations of colors on the color wheel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Tetradic color palettes use four colors, a pair of complementary color pairs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Color schemes are used to create style and appeal. Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. For example, blue and orange. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Greater London is a ceremonial county of England that makes up the majority of the London region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In terms of ceremonial counties, London is divided into the small City of London and the much wider Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Greater London Arterial Road Programme was devised between 1913 and 1916. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Greater London Authority, London Assembly and the directly elected Mayor of London were created in 2000 by the Greater London Authority Act 1999. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In 2000, the outer boundary of the Metropolitan Police District was re-aligned to the Greater London boundary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Greater London is under the strategic local governance of the Greater London Authority (GLA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Mayor of London is a directly elected politician who, along with the London Assembly, is responsible for the strategic government of Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London For elections to the London Assembly, London is divided into 14 constituencies, each formed from two or three boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The term "London" usually refers to region or to the conurbation, but not often to the ancient, tiny City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London According to Eurostat, London has been the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London London has been a focus for immigration for centuries, whether as a place of safety or for economic reasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The United Kingdom has traditionally been Christian, and London has a large number of churches, particularly in the City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London London is home to sizeable Hindu, Sikh, Muslim and Jewish communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The majority of British Jews live in London, with significant communities in Stamford Hill (the most Orthodox Jewish area outside New York City and Israel) and St. John's Wood, Golders Green, and Edgware in North London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In inner London, private schools always get the best results and are larger in number. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Overall at GCSE in 2009, Greater London had the best results for regions of England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Greater London is generally a prosperous region, and prosperous areas generally have good GCSE results. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The two main constituents of the University of London are (in order of total funding) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Imperial College was part of the University of London until 2007, and is now an independent university. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The London region does not have city status granted by the Crown. The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The introduction of comprehensive schools, directed by Circular 10/65 in 1965, was mostly followed in Greater London; however, 19 grammar schools have been retained in some Outer London boroughs, with Sutton having the most with five, followed by Bexley with four and others in five other boroughs. In these boroughs the state schools outperform the (relatively few) independent schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London .london is a top-level domain (TLD) for London, England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) .london Newton's conception included a seventh color, indigo, between blue and violet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The color of an object depends on both the physics of the object in its environment and the characteristics of the perceiving eye and brain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Opaque objects that do not reflect specularly (which tend to have rough surfaces) have their color determined by which wavelengths of light they scatter strongly (with the light that is not scattered being absorbed). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color If they also absorb (or reflect) light of various wavelengths differentially, they appear tinted with a color determined by the nature of that absorption (or that reflectance). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Light, no matter how complex its composition of wavelengths, is reduced to three color components by the eye. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the human color space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Some kinds of color deficiency are caused by anomalies in the number or nature of cones in the retina. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color These include some species of spiders, most marsupials, birds, reptiles, and many species of fish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Other species are sensitive to only two axes of color or do not perceive color at all; these are called dichromats and monochromats respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color This was studied by Edwin H. Land in the 1970s and led to his retinex theory of color constancy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The field of color psychology attempts to identify the effects of color on human emotion and activity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Many such sources can still effectively produce a spectral color, as the eye cannot distinguish them from single-wavelength sources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color This is used to reproduce color scenes in photography, printing, television, and other media. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Because of this, and because the primaries in color printing systems generally are not pure themselves, the colors reproduced are never perfectly saturated spectral colors, and so spectral colors cannot be matched exactly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Another problem with color reproduction systems is connected with the acquisition devices, like cameras or scanners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The characteristics of the color sensors in the devices are often very far from the characteristics of the receptors in the human eye. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Additive color is light created by mixing together light of two or more different colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color When a pigment or ink is added, wavelengths are absorbed or "subtracted" from white light, so light of another color reaches the eye. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Color wheel: an illustrative organization of color hues in a circle that shows relationships. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Colorfulness, chroma, purity, or saturation: how "intense" or "concentrated" a color is. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color These terms, and others related to light and color are internationally agreed upon and published in the CIE Lighting Vocabulary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Hue: the color's direction from white, for example in a color wheel or chromaticity diagram. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Value, brightness, lightness, or luminosity: how light or dark a color is. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Introduction of a new color is often an allegory intending to deliver additional information to the reader. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color The Colors of Space (1963) mentions "the eighth color" made visible during the FTL travel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color In the show, pleurigloss is described as "the color of when a soldier comes home from war and sees his dog for the first time." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Spectral color – Color evoked by a single wavelength of light in the visible spectrum --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color By mixing any three colors, one can therefore create any color contained in the triangle they describe—this is called the gamut formed by those three colors, which are called primary colors. Any colors outside of this triangle cannot be obtained by mixing the chosen primaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Azerbaijan is administratively divided into 66 districts (rayon) and 7 cities (şəhər) that are subordinate to the Republic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan Additionally, the districts of Azerbaijan are grouped into 14 Economic Regions (İqtisadi Rayon). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan On July 7, 2021, the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev signed Decree " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan The Autonomous Oblast was abolished on 26 November 1991, by the Parliament of the Azerbaijan SSR. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan regained control of some of these districts following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan The list below is for the main part of Azerbaijan, excluding the districts of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan Olive is a dark yellowish-green color, like that of unripe or green olives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) The first recorded use of olivine as a color name in English was in 1912. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) The first recorded use of olive drab as a color name in English was in 1892. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) It refers to a dull light brown color, the color of cloth made from undyed homespun wool. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) This is one of the colors in the RAL color matching system, a color system widely used in Europe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) The RAL color list originated in 1927, and it reached its present form in 1961. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) Black olive is a color in the RAL color matching system. It is designated as RAL 6015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olive (color) A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs, incorporating the first bullseye symbol, outside stations in Central London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground In 1962, the British Transport Commission was abolished, and the London Transport Executive was renamed the London Transport Board, reporting directly to the Minister of Transport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Also during the 1960s, the Victoria line was dug under central London and, unlike the earlier tunnels, did not follow the roads above. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Transport for London (TfL) was created in 2000 as the integrated body responsible for London's transport system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground TfL eventually replaced London Regional Transport, and discontinued the use of the London Transport brand in favour of its own brand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Lewisham used to be served by the East London line (stations at New Cross and New Cross Gate). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground In the years since the first parts of the London Underground opened, many stations and routes have been closed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The Bakerloo line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The Central line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The Piccadilly line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Between 1948 and 1957 the word "Underground" in the bar was replaced by "London Transport". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The London Underground Film Office received over 200 requests to film in 2000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 has a single-player level named Mind The Gap where most of the level takes place between the dockyards and Westminster while the player and a team of SAS attempt to take down terrorists attempting to escape using the London Underground via a hijacked train. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Despite its name, only 45% of the system is under the ground: much of the network in the outer environs of London is on the surface. In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, and there are only 29 stations south of the River Thames. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground USINT, however, was not housed in the building the Embassy had occupied prior to 1967, as that building had been taken over and made into the Iraqi Ministry of Foreign Affairs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Embassy of the United States, Baghdad According to the Department of State, this funding was all that was needed for construction of the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Embassy of the United States, Baghdad Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness is a rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electroretinogram, and electrooculogram. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Red–green color blindness can be caused by ethambutol, a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Because the Ishihara color test contains only numerals, it may not be useful in diagnosing young children, who have not yet learned to use numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This test allows 30% of color deficient individuals, whose deficiency is not too severe, to pass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Many mobile and computer applications have been developed to help color blind individual to view better differentiate between colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Color codes present particular problems for those with color deficiencies as they are often difficult or impossible for them to perceive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Designers need to take into account that color-blindness is highly sensitive to differences in material. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness However, there is a claim that there is no firm evidence that color deficiency did cause the collision, or that it might have not been the sole cause. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some jurisdictions restrict the issuance of pilot credentials to persons who suffer from color blindness for this reason. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some tentative evidence finds that color blind people are better at penetrating certain color camouflages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness In World War II, color blind observers were used to penetrate camouflage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness They may apply to the FAA to take a specialized test, administered by the FAA. Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Modern literature in the Republic of Azerbaijan is based on the Shirvani dialect mainly, while in Iranian Azerbaijan it is based on the Tabrizi dialect. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijani language North Azerbaijani, or Northern Azerbaijani, is the official language of the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijani language Turkish soap operas are very popular with Azeris in both Iran and Azerbaijan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijani language The current official name was retained after the new Constitution of Azerbaijan was adopted in 1995. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic The previously independent Nakhcivan SSR would also become an autonomous ASSR within Azerbaijan by the Treaty of Kars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia then became union Republics of the Soviet Union directly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic In 1942 Azerbaijan also became the second-largest tea producer of the Soviet Army. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic According to the Constitution Azerbaijan SSR in 1937, the legislative body switched to a new phase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Madatov, G. Azerbaijan During the Great Patriotic War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan has become a member of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Azerbaijan has a large agricultural basin. About 54.9 percent of Azerbaijan is agricultural land. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic This was preceded by a succession of timber bridges, the first of which was built by the Roman founders of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge The London tornado of 1091 destroyed it, also damaging St Mary-le-Bow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge Henry II created a monastic guild, the "Brethren of the Bridge", to oversee all work on London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge In 1212, perhaps the greatest of the early fires of London broke out, spreading as far as the chapel and trapping many people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge The Great Fire of London destroyed the bridge's waterwheels, preventing them from pumping water to fight the fire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge While this work was underway, a temporary wooden bridge was constructed to the west of London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge On 3 June 2017, London Bridge was the target of a terrorist attack. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge English composer Eric Coates wrote a march about London Bridge in 1934. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge Cobalt violet is the only truly lightfast violet pigment with relatively strong color saturation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violet (color) Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890) was an avid student of color theory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violet (color) In the Ascended Master Teachings, the color violet is used to represent the Ascended Master St. Germain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violet (color) Black was no longer used, since it was the color of mourning outside the church, and was felt to be inappropriate in a religious ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violet (color) London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has been a major settlement for two millennia, and was originally called Londinium, which was founded by the Romans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Thirty-one additional boroughs north and south of the river also comprise modern London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London And in 2020, London had the second-highest number of billionaires of any city in Europe, after Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has numerous museums, galleries, libraries and sporting events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The London Underground is the oldest rapid transit system in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London At its height in the 2nd century, Roman London had a population of around 60,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London For most purposes this was Westminster, although the royal treasury, having been moved from Winchester, came to rest in the Tower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London became the principal North Sea port, with migrants arriving from England and abroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Rebuilding took over ten years and was supervised by Robert Hooke as Surveyor of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 1700s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London This was borne out of London's ever-increasing role as a major international financial centre during the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Thames Barrier was completed in the 1980s to protect London against tidal surges from the North Sea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London To celebrate the start of the 21st century, the Millennium Dome, London Eye and Millennium Bridge were constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The administration of London is formed of two tiers: a citywide, strategic tier and a local tier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The mayor's statutory planning strategy is published as the London Plan, which was most recently revised in 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The local authorities are the councils of the 32 London boroughs and the City of London Corporation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Since 1965 Greater London has been divided into 32 London boroughs in addition to the ancient City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The West End is London's main entertainment and shopping district, attracting tourists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's buildings are too diverse to be characterised by any particular architectural style, partly because of their varying ages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Monument in the City of London provides views of the surrounding area while commemorating the Great Fire of London, which originated nearby. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's wetland areas support nationally important populations of many water birds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London About 69% of children born in London in 2015 had at least one parent who was born abroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The table to the right shows the most common countries of birth of London residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The 2011 census showed that 36.7 per cent of Greater London's population were born outside the UK. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London is also home to 44 Hindu temples, including the BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The community set up the London Jewish Forum in 2006 in response to the growing significance of devolved London Government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London For many bankers established in Amsterdam (e.g. Hope, Baring), this was only time to move to London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has over 480 overseas banks, more than any other city in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Because of its prominent global role, London's economy had been affected by the financial crisis of 2007–2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London As of 2016 London was the world top city destination as ranked by TripAdvisor users. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Additionally, various other airports also serve London, catering primarily to general aviation flights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London South London, particularly, has a high concentration of railways as it has fewer Underground lines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London With the need for more rail capacity in London, Crossrail is expected to open in 2021. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Most of this cargo passes through the Port of Tilbury, outside the boundary of Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has river boat services on the Thames known as Thames Clippers, which offer both commuter and tourist boat services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London With a few exceptions, motorists are required to pay to drive within a defined zone encompassing much of central London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London A 2014 PricewaterhouseCoopers report termed London the global capital of higher education. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London offers a great variety of cuisine as a result of its ethnically diverse population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The literary centres of London have traditionally been hilly Hampstead and (since the early 20th century) Bloomsbury. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Also of significance is Letitia Elizabeth Landon's Calendar of the London Seasons (1834). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London In 2017, London hosted the World Championships in Athletics for the first time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London You find no man, at all intellectual, who is willing to leave London. No, Sir, when a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Beyond this is the vast London commuter belt. Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The average price for properties in Kensington and Chelsea is over £2 million with a similarly high outlay in most of central London. The East End is the area closest to the original Port of London, known for its high immigrant population, as well as for being one of the poorest areas in London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London One way to get an idea of their relative importance is to look at relative amounts of office space: Greater London had 27 million m2 of office space in 2001, and the City contains the most space, with 8 million m2 of office space. London has some of the highest real estate prices in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London Heathrow Airport, in Hillingdon, West London, was for many years the busiest airport in the world for international traffic, and is the major hub of the nation's flag carrier, British Airways. In March 2008 its fifth terminal was opened. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Embassy of the United States in Beijing is the diplomatic mission of the United States in China. It serves as the administrative office of the United States Ambassador to China. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Embassy of the United States, Beijing The oil-rich area had become the source of much of Iran's wealth, having been developed by multi-national companies during the reign of the Shah. According to Oan Ali Mohammed, suppression of the Arab sovereignty movement was the spark that led to his desire to attack the Iranian Embassy in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Iranian Embassy siege The police negotiator refused the request, instead telling Harris to persuade Oan to release Cramer. The ensuing negotiations between Harris, Oan, and the police took up most of the morning, and Cramer was eventually released at 11:15. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Iranian Embassy siege Oan announced that a hostage had been killed, and the rest would die in 30 minutes unless his demands were met. A few minutes later, Lavasani's body was dumped out of the front door. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Iranian Embassy siege Officially, about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baku is the sole metropolis in Azerbaijan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Baku The city is the scientific, cultural, and industrial centre of Azerbaijan. Many sizeable Azerbaijani institutions have their headquarters there. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Baku This pogrom became known as the "September Days". Shortly after this, Baku was proclaimed the new capital of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Baku The genetics and inheritance of eye color in humans is complicated. So far, as many as 15 genes have been associated with eye color inheritance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color Eye color is an inherited trait influenced by more than one gene. These genes are sought using associations to small changes in the genes themselves and in neighboring genes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color Green irises, for example, have some yellow and the blue structural color. Brown irises contain more or less melanin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color As the perception of color depends on viewing conditions (e.g., the amount and kind of illumination, as well as the hue of the surrounding environment), so does the perception of eye color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color Because melanocyte cells continually produce pigment, in theory eye color can be changed. Adult eye color is usually established between 3 and 6 months of age, though this can be later. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color Hazel eyes often appear to shift in color from a brown to a green. Although hazel mostly consists of brown and green, the dominant color in the eye can either be brown/gold or green. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color A blue coloration of the sclera may also be symptomatic of disease. In general, any sudden changes in the color of the sclera should be addressed by a medical professional. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eye color They comprise the largest ethnic group in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the second-largest ethnic group in neighboring Iran and Georgia. The world's largest number of ethnic Azerbaijanis live in Iran, followed by the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijanis Between 8 and 18.5 million Azerbaijanis live in Iran, mainly in the northwestern provinces. Approximately 9.1 million Azerbaijanis are found in the Republic of Azerbaijan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijanis In Azerbaijan, the veil was abandoned during the Soviet period. Women are under-represented in elective office but have attained high positions in parliament. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijanis An unknown number of Azerbaijanis in the Republic of Azerbaijan have no religious affiliation. Many describe themselves as Shia Muslims. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijanis Peach is a color that is named for the pale color of the interior flesh of the peach fruit. This name may also be substituted for "peachy." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peach (color) The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City. London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. This wider usage of London is documented as far back as 1888, when the County of London was created. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The City was burnt severely on a number of occasions, the worst being in 1123 and in the Great Fire of London in 1666. Both of these fires were referred to as the Great Fire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Inner Temple and Middle Temple (which neighbour each other) are two of the few remaining liberties, an old name for a geographic division. They are independent extra-parochial areas, historically not governed by the City of London Corporation (and are today regarded as local authorities for most purposes) and equally outside the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Bishop of London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The DLR links the City directly to the East End. Destinations include Canary Wharf business district and London City Airport ().The --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Swan Lane Pier, just upstream of London Bridge, is proposed to be replaced and upgraded for regular passenger services, planned to take place in 2012–2015. Before then, Tower Pier is to be extended. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The Muslims then invaded Azerbaijan and captured Isfandiyar, the son of Farrukhzad. Isfandiyar then promised, in return for his life, that he would agree to surrender his estates in Azerbaijan and aid the Muslims in defeating his brother, Bahram. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Isfandiyar then promised, in return for his life, that he would agree to surrender his estates in Azerbaijan and aid the Muslims in defeating his brother, Bahram. Bahram was then defeated and sued for peace. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Bahram was then defeated and sued for peace. A pact was drawn up according to which Azerbaijan was surrendered to Caliph Umar on usual terms of paying the annual Jizya. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Azad Khan was defeated however by Erekle II. With the advent of the Qajars, Azerbaijan became the traditional residence of the heirs-apparent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) It shares borders with the Republic of Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, and Iraq. There are 17 rivers and two lakes in the region. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Most of the biggest rivers in Azerbaijan flow into either Urmia Lake or the Caspian Sea (both of which are endorheic). Some of the major rivers are: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Iranian Azerbaijan has two free trade zones designated to promote international trade: Aras Free Zone and Maku Free Zone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) According to the population census of 2012, the four provinces of East Azerbaijan (2012 pop. 3,724,620), West Azarbaijan (2012 pop. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Many poets that came from Azerbaijan wrote poetry in both Persian and Azerbaijani. Renowned poets in Azerbaijani language are Nasimi, Shah Ismail --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) Its main base is Tabriz International Airport. This airplane company is in Azerbaijan with Eram Air. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan (Iran) A second ceasefire attempt midnight 17 October 2020 was also ignored. Azerbaijan announced the capture of Jabrayil on 9 October 2020 and Füzuli on 17 October 2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war As of 2 November 2020, the Azerbaijani authorities has stated that the conflict had displaced approximately 40,000 people in Azerbaijan. Seven journalists have been injured. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war This was confirmed by local journalists, Dozhd, and the Human Rights Watch. The Presidential Administration of Azerbaijan also confirmed that the cemetery was shelled in the morning. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijan had officially accused the Armenian side of ill-treating the Azerbaijani POWs. Several Azerbaijani POWs, in interviews with the Azerbaijani media outlets, had stated that they were tortured by their Armenian captors until being transferred back to Azerbaijan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war On 30 September 2020, Pashinyan stated that Armenia was considering officially recognizing the Republic of Artsakh as an independent territory. The same day, the Armenian MoFA stated that the Turkish Air Force had carried out provocative flights along the front between the forces of the Republic of Artsakh and Azerbaijan, including providing air support to the Azerbaijani army. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The same day, the Armenian MoFA stated that the Turkish Air Force had carried out provocative flights along the front between the forces of the Republic of Artsakh and Azerbaijan, including providing air support to the Azerbaijani army. On 1 October 2020, the President of Artsakh, Arayik Harutyunyan, stated that Armenians needed to prepare for a long-term war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war A color gradient is also known as a color ramp or a color progression. In assigning colors to a set of values, a gradient is a continuous colormap, a type of color scheme. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color gradient An axial color gradient (sometimes also called a linear color gradient) is specified by two points, and a color at each point. The colors along the line through those points are calculated using linear interpolation, then extended perpendicular to that line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color gradient A radial gradient is specified as a circle that has one color at the edge and another at the center. Colors are calculated by linear interpolation based on distance from the center. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color gradient The appearance of a gradient not only varies by the color themselves, but also by the color space the calculation is performed in. The problem usually becomes important for two reasons: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color gradient It is one of the founding members of GUAM, the CIS, and the OPCW. Azerbaijan is also an observer state of the WTO. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Following Qajar Iran's loss in the 1804–1813 war, it was forced to concede suzerainty over most of the khanates, along with Georgia and Dagestan to the Russian Empire, per the Treaty of Gulistan. The area to the north of the river Aras, amongst which territory lies the contemporary Republic of Azerbaijan, was Iranian territory until Russia occupied it in the 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan " Many Russians and Armenians left and fled Azerbaijan as refugees during the 1990s. According to the 1970 census, there were 510,000 ethnic Russians and 484,000 Armenians in Azerbaijan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan All big water reservoirs are built on Kur. The hydrography of Azerbaijan basically belongs to the Caspian Sea basin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan The Cabinet of Azerbaijan consists primarily of the prime minister, his deputies, and ministers. The president does not have the right to dissolve the National Assembly but has the right to veto its decisions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Moreover, Azerbaijan includes the Autonomous Republic (muxtar respublika) of Nakhchivan. The President of Azerbaijan appoints the governors of these units, while the government of Nakhchivan is elected and approved by the parliament of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan In 2016 Azerbaijan used 2.1 global hectares of biocapacity per person – their ecological footprint of consumption. This means they use more biocapacity than Azerbaijan contains. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan About 54.9 percent of Azerbaijan is agricultural land. At the beginning of 2007 there were 4,755,100 hectares of utilized agricultural area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Tourism is an important part of the economy of Azerbaijan. The country was a well-known tourist spot in the 1980s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan A significant factor restricting population growth is a high level of migration. In 2011 Azerbaijan saw a migration of −1.14/1,000 people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is considered the most secular Muslim-majority country. Around 97% of the population are Muslims. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is an enthusiastic participant in the Eurovision Song Contest. Azerbaijan made its debut appearance at the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Free Europe/Radio Liberty and Voice of America are banned in Azerbaijan. Discrimination against LGBT people in Azerbaijan is widespread. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Backgammon also plays a major role in Azerbaijani culture. The game is very popular in Azerbaijan and is widely played among the local public. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan The game is very popular in Azerbaijan and is widely played among the local public. There are also different variations of backgammon developed and analyzed by Azerbaijani experts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Second, find the barycenter of these differently weighted colors. Third, interpret the radial distance (from the center of the circle to the barycenter) as the saturation of the color, and the azimuthal position on the circle as the hue of the color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Color schemes are logical combinations of colors on the color wheel. Color schemes are used to create style and appeal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. A basic color scheme uses two colors that look appealing together. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. For example, light blue, indigo, and cyan blue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel For example, light blue, indigo, and cyan blue. Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel For example, blue and orange. Triadic colors are colors that are evenly across from each other, in a triangle over the color wheel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel It consists of an elected assembly, the London Assembly, and an executive head, the Mayor of London. The current Mayor (not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London) is Sadiq Khan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. For the purposes of the Lieutenancies Act 1997, this area is defined as a county. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London That small area is often referred to as "the City" or "the Square Mile" and it forms the main financial district. Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. Greater London is officially divided for some purposes, with varying definitions, into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Figures here are for Greater London in its 2001 boundaries. Figures before 1971 have been reconstructed by the Office for National Statistics based on past censuses to fit the 2001 boundaries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Although Kingston upon Thames gets the best GCSE results in England, at A-level it is not even above average. Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. It has only one independent school. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London University College London (UCL) and King's College London (KCL). Imperial College was part of the University of London until 2007, and is now an independent university. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Opaque objects that do not reflect specularly (which tend to have rough surfaces) have their color determined by which wavelengths of light they scatter strongly (with the light that is not scattered being absorbed). If objects scatter all wavelengths with roughly equal strength, they appear white. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Objects that transmit light are either translucent (scattering the transmitted light) or transparent (not scattering the transmitted light). If they also absorb (or reflect) light of various wavelengths differentially, they appear tinted with a color determined by the nature of that absorption (or that reflectance). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color For a few seconds after the light ceases, they will continue to signal less strongly than they otherwise would. Colors observed during that period will appear to lack the color component detected by the desensitized photoreceptors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Because of this, and because the primaries in color printing systems generally are not pure themselves, the colors reproduced are never perfectly saturated spectral colors, and so spectral colors cannot be matched exactly. However, natural scenes rarely contain fully saturated colors, thus such scenes can usually be approximated well by these systems. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color However, natural scenes rarely contain fully saturated colors, thus such scenes can usually be approximated well by these systems. The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. The CIE chromaticity diagram can be used to describe the gamut. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Structural color is studied in the field of thin-film optics. The most ordered or the most changeable structural colors are iridescent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color These terms, and others related to light and color are internationally agreed upon and published in the CIE Lighting Vocabulary. More readily available texts on colorimetry also define and explain these terms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Although they cannot be seen, imaginary colors are often found in the mathematical descriptions that define color spaces. Any additive mixture of two real colors is also a real color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Impossible color Some observers indicated that although they were aware that what they were viewing was a color (that is, the field was not achromatic), they were unable to name or describe the color. One of these observers was an artist with large color vocabulary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Impossible color The self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) also controlled a large part of southwestern Azerbaijan outside Nagorno-Karabakh. The Azerbaijani districts completely or partially in the NKR are noted in the list. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan As a color word in the English language, it appears in late Middle English. Shaded toward gray, it becomes olive drab. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olive (color) A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs, incorporating the first bullseye symbol, outside stations in Central London. At the time, the term Underground was selected from three other proposed names; 'Tube' and 'Electric' were both officially rejected. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground As of 2017, the Underground serves 270 stations. Sixteen Underground stations are outside London region, eight on the Metropolitan line and eight on the Central line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground Lewisham used to be served by the East London line (stations at New Cross and New Cross Gate). The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground The line operates under traditional signalling and does not use Automatic Train Operation. The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. There is no cure for color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness There is no cure for color blindness. Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change the teaching method to accommodate the condition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. They are called anomalous trichromats. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This gene does not have any neighbor whose DNA sequence is similar. Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. They are forms of visual agnosia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness They are forms of visual agnosia. Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This is achieved using an LMS color space. After analyzing what colors are confusing, daltonization algorithms can be used to create a color filter for people with color blindness to notice some color differences more easily. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. They will then receive a new medical certificate with the restriction removed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness In Iran, the Persian word for Azerbaijani is borrowed as Torki "Turkic". In Iran, it is spoken mainly in East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Zanjan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijani language Upon independence, it was renamed to the Republic of Azerbaijan (or Azerbaijani Republic) in 1991. The current official name was retained after the new Constitution of Azerbaijan was adopted in 1995. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic About 54.9 percent of Azerbaijan is agricultural land. At the beginning of 2007, there were 4,755,100 hectares of utilized agricultural area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Violet light has a wavelength between approximately 380 and 435 nanometers. The color's name is derived from the violet flower. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violet (color) Prior to Perkin's discovery, mauve was a color which only the aristocracy and rich could afford to wear. Perkin developed an industrial process, built a factory, and produced the dye by the ton, so almost anyone could wear mauve. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violet (color) A European poll in 2000 showed it was the color most commonly associated with vanity. As a color that rarely exists in nature, and a color which by its nature attracts attention, it is seen as a color of individualism and extravagance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violet (color) Thirty-one additional boroughs north and south of the river also comprise modern London. The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. London is one of the world's most important global cities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Peter Schrijver has specifically suggested, on these grounds, that the name originally meant 'place that floods (periodically, tidally)'. Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. In writing, "London" is, on occasion, colloquially contracted to "LDN". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London London then grew slowly until about 950, after which activity increased dramatically. By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 1700s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The ministerial post of minister for London was created in 1994. The current Minister for London is Paul Scully MP. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London. Crime figures are made available nationally at Local Authority and Ward level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Since the Victorian era the Thames has been extensively embanked, and many of its London tributaries now flow underground. The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. London's skyscrapers, such as 30 St Mary Axe, Tower 42, the Broadgate Tower and One Canada Square, are mostly in the two financial districts, the City of London and Canary Wharf. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the city. Many national newspapers are edited in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London As of 2016 London was the world top city destination as ranked by TripAdvisor users. In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. The top 10 most visited attractions were: (with visits per venue) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Cycling has become an increasingly popular way to get around London. The launch of a bicycle hire scheme in July 2010 was successful and generally well received. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London With a few exceptions, motorists are required to pay to drive within a defined zone encompassing much of central London. Motorists who are residents of the defined zone can buy a greatly reduced season pass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London
18496.	Q: Does the bridge in the painting Summer, Lake Ontario have more or fewer pillars in the water than the bridge in the painting Chateau Navarre, near Evreux, Normandy? Title = Cropsey, Jasper Francis - Summer, Lake Ontario - Google Art Project Description = Title = John Sell Cotman - Chateau Navarre, near Evreux, Normandy - Google Art Project Description = A: More. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Lake Ontario, Balsam Lake (Ontario), Allahabad Pillar, The Pillars of the Earth (miniseries), Five Pillars of Islam, Pillars of Ashoka, House of Évreux, Jeanne d'Albret, The Harvesters (painting), Marie of Évreux, List of shipwrecks in the Great Lakes, Red Lake, Ontario, Louis X of France, Henry IV of France, Hylas and the Nymphs (painting), List of ports on the Great Lakes, List of lakes of Ontario, Stony Lake (Ontario), Count of Évreux, ALM Évreux Basket, The Pillars of the Earth, Painting, Louis, Count of Évreux, Body painting, The Pioneer (painting), Évreux, The Joy of Painting, List of cities on the Great Lakes, History of painting, Room and pillar mining, Clos Lucé, Ontario, Mauryan art, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, Indian Summer (painting), Évreux-Fauville Air Base, Göbekli Tepe, Olympics (1984 painting), Summer (disambiguation), Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Margaret of Valois, Château de Meudon, Henriette Lorimier, Catherine de' Medici, Joan of Évreux, Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne, Pillarisation, Amaury III de Montfort, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Évreux Cathedral Toggle details	Today, Lake Ontario has recovered some of its pristine quality; for example, walleye, a fish species considered as a marker of clean water, are now found. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Lake Ontario Presqu'ile, on the north shore of Lake Ontario, is particularly significant in this regard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Lake Ontario Today, Lake Ontario has recovered some of its pristine quality; for example, walleye, a fish species considered as a marker of clean water, are now found. However, regional airshed pollution remains a concern. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Lake Ontario Each painting started with criss-cross strokes, that appeared to be nothing more than the smudges of color. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Joy of Painting The province is named after Lake Ontario, a term thought to be derived from Ontarí:io, a Huron (Wyandot) word meaning "great lake", or possibly skanadario, which means "beautiful water" in the Iroquoian languages. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ontario However, the Americans eventually gained control of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ontario Niagara-on-the-Lake is a town in Ontario, Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Niagara-on-the-Lake Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario Like the other Great Lakes, Lake Ontario used to have an important commercial fishery. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario For example, the Lake sturgeon, a large, slow-growing fish, was once an abundant species in Lake Ontario. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario Invasive species are a problem for Lake Ontario, particularly lamprey and zebra mussels. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario Over 2 million people live in Lake Ontario's American watershed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario Ontario Lacus, a hydrocarbon lake on Saturn's moon Titan named after Lake Ontario --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario Like the other Great Lakes, Lake Ontario used to have an important commercial fishery. It has been largely destroyed, mostly by overfishing. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario It has been largely destroyed, mostly by overfishing. For example, the Lake sturgeon, a large, slow-growing fish, was once an abundant species in Lake Ontario. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Ontario One of its islands, Fairy Lake Island, encloses another small body of water: Fairy Lake. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stony Lake (Ontario) Like most lakes in Ontario, Stony Lake was created during and after the last ice age. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stony Lake (Ontario) A water skiing scene in the movie contains several scenes of the Lake. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stony Lake (Ontario) Watercolor is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-soluble vehicle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Painting Carolingian and Ottonian art also survives mostly in manuscripts, although some wall-painting remain, and more are documented. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of painting The province is named after Lake Ontario, a term thought to be derived from Ontarí:io, a Huron (Wyandot) word meaning "great lake", or possibly skanadario, which means "beautiful water" in the Iroquoian languages. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ontario Geophysical surveys indicate that there are 16 more, enclosing up to eight pillars each, amounting to nearly 200 pillars in all. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Göbekli Tepe The painting is still displayed at Josephine's Chateau de la Malmaison to this day. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henriette Lorimier These societies were (and in some areas, still are) "vertically" divided into two or more groups known as pillars (Dutch: zuilen). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Pillarisation In the 15th century, the Iroquois drove out the Huron from southern Ontario and settled the northern shores of Lake Ontario. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Ontario Close to 9 million people, or over a quarter of Canada's population, live within the watershed of Lake Ontario. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Ontario The Rideau Canal, also for pleasure boats, connects Lake Ontario at Kingston to the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Ontario. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Ontario Lake Ontario is the site of several major commercial ports including the Port of Toronto and the Port of Hamilton. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Ontario Balsam Lake is a lake in the City of Kawartha Lakes in Central Ontario, Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Balsam Lake (Ontario) There are over 250,000 lakes in Ontario, all of which contain around 20% of the world's fresh water supply. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of lakes of Ontario Stoney Lake (also called Stony Lake) is a lake in Peterborough County in Central Ontario, Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stony Lake (Ontario) Stoney Lake is located in Peterborough County nearly two hours northeast of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stony Lake (Ontario) One of its islands, Fairy Lake Island, encloses another small body of water: Fairy Lake. Fairy Lake is surrounded by private property. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stony Lake (Ontario) Gouache is a water-based paint consisting of pigment and other materials designed to be used in an opaque painting method. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Painting Each painting started with criss-cross strokes, that appeared to be nothing more than the smudges of color. As he added more criss-cross strokes, the blotches transformed into intricate paintings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Joy of Painting By 1700, the Iroquois had been driven out or left the area that would become Ontario and the Mississaugas of the Ojibwa had settled the north shore of Lake Ontario. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ontario Meanwhile, Ontario's numerous waterways aided travel and transportation into the interior and supplied water power for development. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ontario Although it was a historical subject, Jeanne de Navarre did not demonstrate the "noblesse de style" required of a history painting, and thus did not threaten the status quo. " --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henriette Lorimier Niagara-on-the-Lake is in the Niagara Region of Ontario and is the only town in Canada that has a lord mayor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Niagara-on-the-Lake Niagara-on-the-Lake has been rated among the best places to retire in Ontario according to Comfort Life, a publication for seniors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Niagara-on-the-Lake A long shoreline along Lake Ontario results in more moderate temperatures than neighbouring cities, as well as seasonal lag. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Niagara-on-the-Lake Algae are the basis of the open water food web, with Lake Trout and Walleye as the apex predators. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario The Trent-Severn Waterway for pleasure boats connects Lake Ontario at the Bay of Quinte to Georgian Bay (Lake Huron) via Lake Simcoe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. It is surrounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the U.S. state of New York, whose water boundaries meet in the middle of the lake. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario Cleanup has been accomplished through better treatment plants, tighter environmental regulations, deindustrialization and increased public awareness. Today, Lake Ontario has recovered some of its pristine quality; for example, walleye, a fish species considered as a marker of clean water, are now found. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario Populations in the Oswego River are being actively managed for recovery. Invasive species are a problem for Lake Ontario, particularly lamprey and zebra mussels. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario In some winters, the area between Oswego and Pulaski may receive twenty or more feet (600 cm) of snowfall. Also impacted by lake-effect snow is the Tug Hill Plateau, an area of elevated land about 20 miles (32 km) east of Lake Ontario. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario Also impacted by lake-effect snow is the Tug Hill Plateau, an area of elevated land about 20 miles (32 km) east of Lake Ontario. The "Hill", as it is often referred to, typically receives more snow than any other region in the eastern United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Ontario By 1936, Red Lake's Howey Bay airport was the busiest in the world, with more flights landing and taking off per hour than any other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Red Lake, Ontario Red Lake is located at the northern terminus of Highway 105, and is the northernmost town in Ontario that is located on a primary King's Highway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Red Lake, Ontario Today, Red Lake Airport is a "mini-hub" facilitating travel to and from all northern communities in Northwestern Ontario. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Red Lake, Ontario International FallsThe other port is in Ontario and it is Fort Frances. Manitoba, Canada also touches Lake of the Woods --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of ports on the Great Lakes The water ski team from Cypress Gardens, Florida has stayed at the Irwin Inn and practiced on the lake in front of the inn. Canadian rock band Rush, started work on the album Moving Pictures began in August 1980 at Stoney Lake, Ontario. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stony Lake (Ontario) Finger-painting with watercolor paints originated in China. Watercolor pencils (water-soluble color pencils) may be used either wet or dry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Painting Other Iroquois, also displaced from New York were resettled in 1784 at the Six Nations reserve at the west end of Lake Ontario. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ontario The province harnessed its water power to generate hydro-electric power and created the state-controlled Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, later Ontario Hydro. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ontario By 1700, the Iroquois had been driven out or left the area that would become Ontario and the Mississaugas of the Ojibwa had settled the north shore of Lake Ontario. The remaining Huron settled north of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ontario Indian Summer (Polish: Babie lato) is an 1875 oil painting by Polish Realist painter Józef Chełmoński. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Summer (painting) Four such circular structures have been unearthed so far. Geophysical surveys indicate that there are 16 more, enclosing up to eight pillars each, amounting to nearly 200 pillars in all. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Göbekli Tepe These societies were (and in some areas, still are) "vertically" divided into two or more groups known as pillars (Dutch: zuilen). The best-known examples of this have historically occurred in the Netherlands and Belgium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pillarisation It is located on the Niagara Peninsula at the point where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario, across the river from New York, United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Niagara-on-the-Lake Niagara-on-the-Lake is home to the oldest Catholic church and the second-oldest Anglican church in Ontario and the oldest surviving golf course in North America. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Niagara-on-the-Lake Niagara-on-the-Lake is in the Niagara Region of Ontario and is the only town in Canada that has a lord mayor. It has a population of 17,511 (2016). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Niagara-on-the-Lake The Niagara Region has the second-highest percentage of seniors in Ontario. Niagara-on-the-Lake has been rated among the best places to retire in Ontario according to Comfort Life, a publication for seniors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Niagara-on-the-Lake It is surrounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the U.S. state of New York, whose water boundaries meet in the middle of the lake. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario The last in the Great Lakes chain, Lake Ontario serves as the outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River, comprising the eastern end of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Major rivers draining into Lake Ontario include the Niagara River, Don River, Humber River, Trent River, Cataraqui River, Genesee River, Oswego River, Black River, Little Salmon River, and the Salmon River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario The Great Lakes watershed is a region of high biodiversity, and Lake Ontario is important for its diversity of birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, and plants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Some Lake Ontario areas of concern include the Oswego River and Rochester Embayment on the American side, and Hamilton Harbour and Toronto on the Canadian side. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario As the Seaway Trail is posted on the U.S. side only, Lake Ontario is the only of the five Great Lakes to have no posted bi-national circle tour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario In the 15th century, the Iroquois drove out the Huron from southern Ontario and settled the northern shores of Lake Ontario. When the Iroquois withdrew and the Anishnabeg / Ojibwa / Mississaugas moved in from the north to southern Ontario, they retained the Iroquois name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Invasive species are a problem for Lake Ontario, particularly lamprey and zebra mussels. Lamprey are being controlled by poisoning in the juvenile stage in the streams where they breed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Today only recreational fishing activities exist. Lake Ontario is the site of several major commercial ports including the Port of Toronto and the Port of Hamilton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Lake Ontario is the site of several major commercial ports including the Port of Toronto and the Port of Hamilton. Hamilton Harbour is the location of major steel production facilities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lake Ontario Anna d'Este described Jeanne during this period in a letter she wrote to a friend: "The Queen of Navarre is here, not in very good health but very courageous. She is wearing more pearls than ever". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jeanne d'Albret The town acts as a cargo, passenger, and tourism hub for Northwestern Ontario. With Pickle Lake, Red Lake services over twenty northern fly-in communities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red Lake, Ontario With Pickle Lake, Red Lake services over twenty northern fly-in communities. Today, Red Lake Airport is a "mini-hub" facilitating travel to and from all northern communities in Northwestern Ontario. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Red Lake, Ontario Hylas's position forces the viewer's focus onto the nymphs in the water and the lack of reference to his relationship with Hercules emphasizes that the narrative of the painting is not about Hylas's experiences, but about the sinister nature of the nymphs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hylas and the Nymphs (painting) This is an incomplete list of lakes in Ontario, a province of Canada. There are over 250,000 lakes in Ontario, all of which contain around 20% of the world's fresh water supply. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of lakes of Ontario Canadian rock band Rush, started work on the album Moving Pictures began in August 1980 at Stoney Lake, Ontario. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stony Lake (Ontario) A water skiing scene in the movie contains several scenes of the Lake. The 2003 remake of the film The In-laws was shot on Stoney Lake. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stony Lake (Ontario) In Italy, the Rabarama Skin Art Festival (held every year during the Summer and Autumn, with a tour in the major Italian cities), is a different event focused on the artistic side of body painting, highlighting the emotional impact of the painted body in a live performance more than the decorative and technical aspects of it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Body painting Hands and faces can be marbled temporarily for events such as festivals, using a painting process similar to traditional paper marbling, in which paint is floated on water and transferred to a person's skin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Body painting As he added more criss-cross strokes, the blotches transformed into intricate paintings. While painting, he instructed viewers regarding the techniques that he was using, he was telling stories about the "happy little clouds", and "happy little trees", that he was creating. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Joy of Painting This is a list of cities on the Great Lakes of the United States and Canada, arranged by the body of water on which they are located. Cities with more than 100,000 population are in bold, major cities are italicized. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of cities on the Great Lakes Early Filipino painting can be found in red slip (clay mixed with water) designs embellished on the ritual pottery of the Philippines such as the acclaimed Manunggul Jar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of painting Morris Louis was an important pioneer in advanced Color Field painting, his work can serve as a bridge between abstract expressionism, Color Field painting, and minimal art. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of painting These are most famous for their abstract decoration, although figures, and sometimes scenes, were also depicted, especially in Evangelist portraits. Carolingian and Ottonian art also survives mostly in manuscripts, although some wall-painting remain, and more are documented. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of painting Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario (near Windsor and Detroit, Michigan) that is the southernmost extent of Canada's mainland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario The largest population centres in Ontario are Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, Kitchener, London and Oshawa which all have more than 300,000 inhabitants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario Apple orchards are a common sight along the southern shore of Nottawasaga Bay (part of Georgian Bay) near Collingwood and along the northern shore of Lake Ontario near Cobourg. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario Other Iroquois, also displaced from New York were resettled in 1784 at the Six Nations reserve at the west end of Lake Ontario. The Mississaugas, displaced by European settlements, would later move to Six Nations also. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario However, the Americans eventually gained control of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. The 1813 Battle of York saw American troops defeat the garrison at the Upper Canada capital of York. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario Meanwhile, Ontario's numerous waterways aided travel and transportation into the interior and supplied water power for development. As the population increased, so did the industries and transportation networks, which in turn led to further development. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario The province harnessed its water power to generate hydro-electric power and created the state-controlled Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, later Ontario Hydro. The availability of cheap electric power further facilitated the development of industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario Construction employed more than 6.5% of the province's work force in June 2011. Ontario's steel industry was once centred in Hamilton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ontario In contrast, based on studies of the construction of monuments such as Stonehenge, Banning calculated that 7–14 people could have moved the pillars using just ropes and water or another lubricant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Göbekli Tepe Olympics is a painting created by American artists Jean-Michel Basquiat and Andy Warhol in 1984. The artwork was a commemoration of the 1984 Summer Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympics (1984 painting) Niagara-on-the-Lake is important in the history of Canada: it served as the first capital of the province of Upper Canada, the predecessor of Ontario, and was called Newark from 1792 to 1797. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Niagara-on-the-Lake Niagara-on-the-Lake can be reached by Queen Elizabeth Way, a highway that stretches to Fort Erie to the south, Hamilton to the west and curves around Lake Ontario to Toronto. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Niagara-on-the-Lake Niagara-on-the-Lake is a town in Ontario, Canada. It is located on the Niagara Peninsula at the point where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario, across the river from New York, United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Niagara-on-the-Lake Lake Ontario is the easternmost of the Great Lakes and the smallest in surface area (7,340 sq mi, 18,960 km2), although it exceeds Lake Erie in volume (393 cu mi, 1,639 km3). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario Also impacted by lake-effect snow is the Tug Hill Plateau, an area of elevated land about 20 miles (32 km) east of Lake Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario Nearly all of Lake Ontario's islands are on the eastern and northeastern shores, between the Prince Edward County headland and the lake's outlet at Kingston, underlain by the basement rock found throughout the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario It is surrounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the U.S. state of New York, whose water boundaries meet in the middle of the lake. Ontario, Canada's most populous province, was named for the lake. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario Its primary inlet is the Niagara River from Lake Erie. The last in the Great Lakes chain, Lake Ontario serves as the outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River, comprising the eastern end of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario The last in the Great Lakes chain, Lake Ontario serves as the outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River, comprising the eastern end of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. It is the only Great Lake not to border the state of Michigan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario These sand bars are often associated with large wetlands, which support large numbers of plant and animal species, as well as providing important rest areas for migratory birds. Presqu'ile, on the north shore of Lake Ontario, is particularly significant in this regard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario The lake was a border between the Huron people and the Iroquois Confederacy in the pre-Columbian era. In the 15th century, the Iroquois drove out the Huron from southern Ontario and settled the northern shores of Lake Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario The open water is less affected by shoreline features, such as wetlands, and more affected by nutrient levels that control the production of algae. Algae are the basis of the open water food web, with Lake Trout and Walleye as the apex predators. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario A Remedial Action Plan has been developed for each area. Some Lake Ontario areas of concern include the Oswego River and Rochester Embayment on the American side, and Hamilton Harbour and Toronto on the Canadian side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario Close to 9 million people, or over a quarter of Canada's population, live within the watershed of Lake Ontario. The American shore is largely rural, with the exception of Rochester and the much smaller ports at Oswego and Sackets Harbor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Ontario The lake is the highest point of the Trent–Severn Waterway at 256.3 metres (841 ft); from here, the waterway descends to Georgian Bay in the northwest, and to Lake Ontario in the southeast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Balsam Lake (Ontario) Balsam Lake is a lake in the City of Kawartha Lakes in Central Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin, is one of the lakes of the Kawartha Lakes, and is at the summit of the Trent–Severn Waterway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Balsam Lake (Ontario) Complete standing pillars, or pillars with Ashokan inscriptions === --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pillars of Ashoka Jeanne was the last active ruler of Navarre. Her son inherited her kingdom, but as he was constantly leading the Huguenot forces, he entrusted the government of Béarn to his sister, Catherine de Bourbon, who held the regency for more than two decades. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jeanne d'Albret By 1936, Red Lake's Howey Bay airport was the busiest in the world, with more flights landing and taking off per hour than any other. By 1941, the Howey Mine had produced 421,592 ounces of gold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red Lake, Ontario Today, Red Lake Airport is a "mini-hub" facilitating travel to and from all northern communities in Northwestern Ontario. Four airway companies take advantage of Red Lake's close proximity to the northern communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red Lake, Ontario Margaret would be imprisoned at Chateau Gaillard, where she died. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Louis X of France In English he is most often referred to as Henry of Navarre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry IV of France The painting depicts a moment from the Greek and Roman legend of the tragic youth Hylas, based on accounts by Ovid and other ancient writers, in which the enraptured Hylas is abducted by Naiads (female water nymphs) while seeking drinking water. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hylas and the Nymphs (painting) Hylas is being enticed to enter the water, from which he will not return. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hylas and the Nymphs (painting) Stoney Lake (also called Stony Lake) is a lake in Peterborough County in Central Ontario, Canada. There are three interconnected lakes (Upper Stoney Lake to the northeast, Stony Lake in the centre, and Clear Lake to the southwest) which together are known as Stony or Stoney Lake. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stony Lake (Ontario) The film Cheaper by the Dozen 2 was shot at Mark Kennedy's property on the lake at Burleigh Falls. A water skiing scene in the movie contains several scenes of the Lake. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stony Lake (Ontario) The 2003 remake of the film The In-laws was shot on Stoney Lake. The water ski team from Cypress Gardens, Florida has stayed at the Irwin Inn and practiced on the lake in front of the inn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stony Lake (Ontario) Depending on how much the paint is diluted (with water) or modified with acrylic gels, media, or pastes, the finished acrylic painting can resemble a watercolor or an oil painting, or have its own unique characteristics not attainable with other media. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Buon fresco technique consists of painting in pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster, for which the Italian word for plaster, intonaco, is used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Like all watermedia, it is diluted with water. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Tempera, also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed with a water-soluble binder medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Buon fresco technique consists of painting in pigment mixed with water on a thin layer of wet, fresh lime mortar or plaster, for which the Italian word for plaster, intonaco, is used. A secco painting, in contrast, is done on dry plaster (secco is "dry" in Italian). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Tempera, also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigment mixed with a water-soluble binder medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size). Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Painting Body painting that is limited to the face is known as "face painting". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Body painting The painting is still displayed in its original frame; the frame may have been resurfaced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Pioneer (painting) Surely this could not be called a successful painting? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of painting He briefly gave up painting to focus on organizing miners in Jalisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of painting The size of the pillars is determined by calculation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Room and pillar mining These include Rainy River, Pigeon River, Lake Superior, St. Marys River, Lake Huron, St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, Detroit River, Lake Erie, Niagara River, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario In the northeastern parts of Ontario, extending south as far as Kirkland Lake, the cold waters of Hudson Bay depress summer temperatures, making it cooler than other locations at similar latitudes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario Tourism contributes heavily to the economy of Central Ontario, peaking during the summer months owing to the abundance of fresh water recreation and wilderness found there in reasonable proximity to the major urban centres. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario (near Windsor and Detroit, Michigan) that is the southernmost extent of Canada's mainland. Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario From 1634 to 1640, Hurons were devastated by European infectious diseases, such as measles and smallpox, to which they had no immunity. By 1700, the Iroquois had been driven out or left the area that would become Ontario and the Mississaugas of the Ojibwa had settled the north shore of Lake Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario The British also set up reserves in Ontario for the Mohawks who had fought for the British and had lost their land in New York state. Other Iroquois, also displaced from New York were resettled in 1784 at the Six Nations reserve at the west end of Lake Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario Ontario's steel industry was once centred in Hamilton. Hamilton harbour, which can be seen from the QEW Skyway bridge, is an industrial wasteland; U.S. Steel-owned Stelco announced in the autumn of 2013 that it would close in 2014, with the loss of 875 jobs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ontario These pillars were mainly erected in the Gangetic plains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mauryan art The scene depicted in the painting was perceived as too realistic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Summer (painting) Indian Summer was meant by Chełmoński to represent the power of the countryside and the vitality of its inhabitants. In 1894, the painting was purchased by art collector Ignacy Korwin-Milewski and in 1929 it was acquired the National Museum in Warsaw. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Summer (painting) Geophysical surveys indicate that there are 16 more, enclosing up to eight pillars each, amounting to nearly 200 pillars in all. The slabs were transported from bedrock pits located approximately 100 metres (330 ft) from the hilltop, with workers using flint points to cut through the limestone bedrock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Göbekli Tepe The painting depicts Jeanne of Évreux-Navarre, daughter of Charles II (King of Navarre) and widow of Jean V of Montfort Duke of Brittany who died in 1399 and whose third spouse she was. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henriette Lorimier Although it was a historical subject, Jeanne de Navarre did not demonstrate the "noblesse de style" required of a history painting, and thus did not threaten the status quo. " Jeanne de Navarre" was described as a lesson for all mothers because the Duchess is shown fulfilling the duty of instructing her son in filial piety. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henriette Lorimier The Protestants looked for leadership first to Antoine de Bourbon, King of Navarre, the First Prince of the Blood, and then, with more success, to his brother, Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, who backed a plot to overthrow the Guises by force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catherine de' Medici Pillarisation (from the Dutch: verzuiling) is the politico-denominational segregation of a society, or the separation of a society into groups by religion and associated political beliefs. These societies were (and in some areas, still are) "vertically" divided into two or more groups known as pillars (Dutch: zuilen). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pillarisation Niagara-on-the-Lake is within the federal electoral district of Niagara Falls, currently represented in the House of Commons of Canada by Tony Baldinelli, and the provincial electoral district of provincial electoral district of Niagara Falls, represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario by Wayne Gates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Niagara-on-the-Lake It is located on the Niagara Peninsula at the point where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario, across the river from New York, United States. Niagara-on-the-Lake is in the Niagara Region of Ontario and is the only town in Canada that has a lord mayor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Niagara-on-the-Lake Lake Ontario is the easternmost of the Great Lakes and the smallest in surface area (7,340 sq mi, 18,960 km2), although it exceeds Lake Erie in volume (393 cu mi, 1,639 km3). It is the 13th largest lake in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The lake also has an important freshwater fishery, although it has been negatively affected by factors including overfishing, water pollution and invasive species. Baymouth bars built by prevailing winds and currents have created a significant number of lagoons and sheltered harbors, mostly near (but not limited to) Prince Edward County, Ontario, and the easternmost shores. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The Great Lakes watershed is a region of high biodiversity, and Lake Ontario is important for its diversity of birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, and plants. Many of these special species are associated with shorelines, particularly sand dunes, lagoons, and wetlands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario Some Lake Ontario areas of concern include the Oswego River and Rochester Embayment on the American side, and Hamilton Harbour and Toronto on the Canadian side. By the 1960s and 1970s, the increased pollution caused frequent algal blooms to occur in the summer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario Ports on the Canadian side include St. Catharines, Oshawa, Cobourg and Kingston, near the St. Lawrence River outlet. Close to 9 million people, or over a quarter of Canada's population, live within the watershed of Lake Ontario. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The city of Syracuse is 40 miles (64 km) inland, connected to the lake by the New York State Canal System. Over 2 million people live in Lake Ontario's American watershed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The Trent-Severn Waterway for pleasure boats connects Lake Ontario at the Bay of Quinte to Georgian Bay (Lake Huron) via Lake Simcoe. The Oswego Canal connects the lake at Oswego to the New York State Canal System, with outlets to the Hudson River, Lake Erie, and Lake Champlain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The Oswego Canal connects the lake at Oswego to the New York State Canal System, with outlets to the Hudson River, Lake Erie, and Lake Champlain. The Rideau Canal, also for pleasure boats, connects Lake Ontario at Kingston to the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Ontario. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The Great Lakes Circle Tour and Seaway Trail are designated scenic road systems connecting all of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. As the Seaway Trail is posted on the U.S. side only, Lake Ontario is the only of the five Great Lakes to have no posted bi-national circle tour. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lake Ontario The primary inflows are the Gull River at the north and the Staples River at the southwest. The lake is the highest point of the Trent–Severn Waterway at 256.3 metres (841 ft); from here, the waterway descends to Georgian Bay in the northwest, and to Lake Ontario in the southeast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Balsam Lake (Ontario) Her son inherited her kingdom, but as he was constantly leading the Huguenot forces, he entrusted the government of Béarn to his sister, Catherine de Bourbon, who held the regency for more than two decades. In 1620, Jeanne's grandson Louis XIII annexed Navarre to the French crown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jeanne d'Albret The town experienced a sudden surge of economic, industrial and population growth with the development of the gold mines. By 1936, Red Lake's Howey Bay airport was the busiest in the world, with more flights landing and taking off per hour than any other. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Red Lake, Ontario During the journey, Hylas was sent to find fresh water. He found a pond occupied by Naiads, and they lured Hylas into the water and he disappeared. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hylas and the Nymphs (painting) There are only three ports on Lake of the Woods. Two are both in Minnesota, and they are: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of ports on the Great Lakes Salmon trout are no longer evident, but islands and shoals are everywhere. Today, Stoney Lake represents the classic Ontario ‘cottage country’, enjoyed by its many seasonal residents, by an increasing number of year-round residents, by boaters using the Trent-Severn Waterway, sport fishermen and many others. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stony Lake (Ontario) Canadian rock band Rush, started work on the album Moving Pictures began in August 1980 at Stoney Lake, Ontario. Country singer Ronnie Hawkins also owned an estate on the lake until he sold it in late 2017 for $3.98 million. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stony Lake (Ontario) Acrylic paints can be diluted with water, but become water-resistant when dry. Depending on how much the paint is diluted (with water) or modified with acrylic gels, media, or pastes, the finished acrylic painting can resemble a watercolor or an oil painting, or have its own unique characteristics not attainable with other media. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Painting Depending on how much the paint is diluted (with water) or modified with acrylic gels, media, or pastes, the finished acrylic painting can resemble a watercolor or an oil painting, or have its own unique characteristics not attainable with other media. The main practical difference between most acrylics and oil paints is the inherent drying time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Painting Watercolor is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-soluble vehicle. The traditional and most common support for watercolor paintings is paper; other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum or leather, fabric, wood and canvas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Painting Gouache is a water-based paint consisting of pigment and other materials designed to be used in an opaque painting method. Gouache differs from watercolor in that the particles are larger, the ratio of pigment to water is much higher, and an additional, inert, white pigment such as chalk is also present. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Painting Body painting that is limited to the face is known as "face painting". Body painting is also referred to as (a form of) "temporary tattoo". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Body painting Hands and faces can be marbled temporarily for events such as festivals, using a painting process similar to traditional paper marbling, in which paint is floated on water and transferred to a person's skin. Unlike the traditional oil-based technique for paper, neon or ultraviolet reactive colours are typically used, and the paint is water-based and non-toxic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Body painting Early Filipino painting can be found in red slip (clay mixed with water) designs embellished on the ritual pottery of the Philippines such as the acclaimed Manunggul Jar. Evidence of Philippine pottery-making dated as early as 6000 BC has been found in Sanga-sanga Cave, Sulu and Laurente Cave, Cagayan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of painting Geometric abstraction, Op art, hard-edge painting, Color Field painting and minimal painting, were some interrelated directions for advanced abstract painting as well as some other new movements. Morris Louis was an important pioneer in advanced Color Field painting, his work can serve as a bridge between abstract expressionism, Color Field painting, and minimal art. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of painting To prevent this from happening, the mine is divided up into areas or panels. Pillars known as barrier pillars separate the panels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Room and pillar mining The effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontario's climate is classified as humid continental. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario American troops in the War of 1812 invaded Upper Canada across the Niagara River and the Detroit River, but were defeated and pushed back by the British, Canadian fencibles and militias, and First Nations warriors. However, the Americans eventually gained control of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario Mineral exploitation accelerated in the late 19th century, leading to the rise of important mining centres in the northeast, such as Sudbury, Cobalt and Timmins. The province harnessed its water power to generate hydro-electric power and created the state-controlled Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, later Ontario Hydro. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario With a land area of 908,607.67 km2 (350,815.38 sq mi), it had a population density of 14.8/km2 (38.3/sq mi) in 2016. The largest population centres in Ontario are Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, Kitchener, London and Oshawa which all have more than 300,000 inhabitants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario IT is also important in the Waterloo Region, where the headquarters of BlackBerry is located. Tourism contributes heavily to the economy of Central Ontario, peaking during the summer months owing to the abundance of fresh water recreation and wilderness found there in reasonable proximity to the major urban centres. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario Tourism contributes heavily to the economy of Central Ontario, peaking during the summer months owing to the abundance of fresh water recreation and wilderness found there in reasonable proximity to the major urban centres. At other times of the year, hunting, skiing and snowmobiling are popular. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario Apple orchards are a common sight along the southern shore of Nottawasaga Bay (part of Georgian Bay) near Collingwood and along the northern shore of Lake Ontario near Cobourg. Tobacco production, centred in Norfolk County, has decreased, allowing an increase in alternative crops such as hazelnuts and ginseng. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ontario Indian Summer (Polish: Babie lato) is an 1875 oil painting by Polish Realist painter Józef Chełmoński. It is considered one of the artist's most acclaimed works and is currently displayed at the National Museum in Warsaw, Poland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Summer (painting) These estimates underpin their interpretation that the site was built by a large, nonresident workforce, coerced or enticed there by a small religious elite. In contrast, based on studies of the construction of monuments such as Stonehenge, Banning calculated that 7–14 people could have moved the pillars using just ropes and water or another lubricant. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Göbekli Tepe Another painting by Coypel, The Annunciation, completes the set. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Château de Meudon The painting depicts Jeanne of Évreux-Navarre, daughter of Charles II (King of Navarre) and widow of Jean V of Montfort Duke of Brittany who died in 1399 and whose third spouse she was. She is here with her second son, Arthur, future Duke of Brittany. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henriette Lorimier Today, Niagara-on-the-Lake draws tourists with its quaint colonial-style buildings, the Shaw Festival, Fort George, wineries, an outlet mall on the highway, and its proximity to Niagara Falls. The Niagara Region has the second-highest percentage of seniors in Ontario. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Niagara-on-the-Lake Snowfall is moderate, averaging around 3 feet (92 cm) per year, which is one of lowest yearly snowfall totals received in all of Ontario. A long shoreline along Lake Ontario results in more moderate temperatures than neighbouring cities, as well as seasonal lag. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Niagara-on-the-Lake
0.	Q: What is floating in the pond around Bethesda Fountain? Title = Central Park 12.JPG Description = A: Lilypads Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, Bethesda, Maryland, Bethesda, Angels in America (miniseries), Central Park, Emma Stebbins, Pool of Bethesda, Fountain, Cherry Hill Fountain, Central Park Mall Toggle details	By the 1970s, Bethesda Fountain was completely dry. --- (0.4, 0.0, 0.4) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Stebbins is best known for Angel of the Waters, which sits atop of Bethesda Fountain. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Emma Stebbins It is located just to the west of Bethesda Fountain, enclosed in a circular plaza in Cherry Hill. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Cherry Hill Fountain Bethesda is a very wealthy and well-educated area. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, the USS Maine National Monument, and the Bow Bridge were also rehabilitated. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Central Park Terrace Drive is at 72nd Street and connects West and East Drives, passing over Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Central Park The upper level of the Terrace was mostly built by 1867, by which time the Fountain's figures were being cast in bronze. The Bethesda Fountain was officially completed in 1873. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain The pond was originally part of the Croton receiving reservoir. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Central Park She was best known for her work Angel of the Waters (1873), also known as Bethesda Fountain, located on the Bethesda Terrace in Central Park, New York. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Emma Stebbins The Organ Fountain fell into ruins, but it was recently restored and plays music again. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Fountain In 1864, the stonework of Bethesda Terrace was completed except for minor details, and the Central Park commission hired a sculptor to design the figures for the Fountain. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda Fountain is the central feature on the lower level of the terrace, constructed between 1859 and 1864, which is enclosed within two elliptical balustrades. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Only three major structures were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both later demolished, and the Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Central Park By the 1970s, Bethesda Fountain was completely dry. However, the fountain was restored in 1980-1981 by the Central Park Conservancy as the first part of its plan to renovate Central Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain As an unincorporated community, Bethesda has no official boundaries. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bethesda, Maryland Filming was done primarily at Kaufman Astoria Studios, New York City, with important scenes at Bethesda Fountain in Central Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Angels in America (miniseries) It started refurbishing the ceiling tiles of the Bethesda Arcade, which was completed in 2007. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Central Park Fountain Park, Fountain Hills, Arizona (1970). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Fountain Bethesda Terrace and Fountain are two architectural features overlooking the southern shore of the Lake in New York City's Central Park. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Two other scenic drives cross the park horizontally. Terrace Drive is at 72nd Street and connects West and East Drives, passing over Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Central Park Cherry Hill Fountain is a water fountain in New York City's Central Park. It is located just to the west of Bethesda Fountain, enclosed in a circular plaza in Cherry Hill. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Cherry Hill Fountain By the end of 1861, work on Bethesda Terrace was well underway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda did not develop beyond a small crossroads village through the 19th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bethesda, Maryland Software company Bethesda Softworks was originally located in Bethesda, but moved to Rockville, in 1990. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bethesda, Maryland Its largest feature is the Pulitzer Fountain, which was completed in 1916 along with the plaza itself. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Central Park The Sheep Meadow, which reopened the following year, was the first landscape to be restored. Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, the USS Maine National Monument, and the Bow Bridge were also rehabilitated. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Central Park The most famous feature of the garden was the great Organ Fountain. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fountain The mall, leading to Bethesda Fountain, provides the only purely formal feature in the naturalistic original plan of Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux for Central Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Central Park Mall Bethesda Terrace and Fountain form the northern end of the Central Park Mall, the only formal feature in the park's original blueprint, the Greensward Plan. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain The stonework to be installed in the terrace arrived in 1862, and the masonry of the fountain was installed by 1863. In 1864, the stonework of Bethesda Terrace was completed except for minor details, and the Central Park commission hired a sculptor to design the figures for the Fountain. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain In 1864, the stonework of Bethesda Terrace was completed except for minor details, and the Central Park commission hired a sculptor to design the figures for the Fountain. The upper level of the Terrace was mostly built by 1867, by which time the Fountain's figures were being cast in bronze. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Tobacco farming was the primary way of life in Bethesda throughout the 1700s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bethesda, Maryland The Discovery Channel also had its headquarters in Bethesda before relocating to Silver Spring in 2004. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bethesda, Maryland Terrace Drive is at 72nd Street and connects West and East Drives, passing over Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. The 102nd Street Crossing, further north near the street of the same name, is a former carriage drive connecting West and East Drives. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Central Park Stebbins is best known for Angel of the Waters, which sits atop of Bethesda Fountain. Rumors of nepotism surrounded the project because Stebbins’ brother was the chairman of Central Park's Committee on Statuary, Fountains and Architectural Structure. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Emma Stebbins The Pool of Bethesda was sometimes identified by commentators with the modern so-called Fountain of the Virgin, in the Kidron Valley, not far from the Pool of Siloam, or alternatively with the Birket Israel, a pool near the mouth of the valley, which runs into the Kidron south of St. Stephen's Gate. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Pool of Bethesda He also restored and put back into service some of the city's oldest fountains, such as the Medici Fountain. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fountain Construction and design of the Crown Fountain cost US$17 million. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fountain King Fahd's Fountain (1985) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fountain The upper level of the Terrace was mostly built by 1867, by which time the Fountain's figures were being cast in bronze. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda Terrace and Fountain are two architectural features overlooking the southern shore of the Lake in New York City's Central Park. The fountain, with its Angel of the Waters statue, is located in the center of the terrace. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda Fountain is the central feature on the lower level of the terrace, constructed between 1859 and 1864, which is enclosed within two elliptical balustrades. The pool is centered by a fountain sculpture designed by Emma Stebbins in 1868 and unveiled in 1873. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda is located in a region populated by the Piscataway and Nacotchtank tribes at the time of European colonization. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland A streetcar line was established in 1890 and suburbanization increased in the early 1900s, and Bethesda began to grow in population. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland This recent growth has been vigorous following the expansion of Metrorail with a station in Bethesda in 1984. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland Citizen's Neighborhood Coalition award for the Most Beautiful Place in Bethesda --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland Circa 2022 the school plans to open a new preschool and elementary campus in Bethesda. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland The WJLS maintains its school office in North Bethesda, adjacent to Garrett Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bethesda, Maryland The Turtle Pond, a man-made pond, is at the southern edge of the Great Lawn. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Central Park Angel of the Waters (1873), by Emma Stebbins, is the centerpiece of Bethesda Fountain, the first large public sculpture commission for an American woman, and the only statue included in the original park design. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Central Park When the American Civil War began in 1861, the park commissioners decided to continue building Central Park, since significant parts of the park had already been completed. Only three major structures were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both later demolished, and the Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Central Park Only three major structures were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both later demolished, and the Bethesda Terrace and Fountain. By late 1861, the park south of 72nd Street had been completed, except for various fences. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Central Park He commissioned the architect Leon Battista Alberti to build a wall fountain where the Trevi Fountain is now located. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fountain Some, like the Vaillancourt Fountain in San Francisco (1971), were pure works of sculpture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fountain Fountains with a lower source, such as the Trevi Fountain, could only have water pour downwards. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fountain The architect of the Trevi Fountain placed it below street level to make the flow of water seem more dramatic. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fountain The Dubai Fountain, opened in 2009 next to Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest building. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fountain Bethesda Terrace's two levels are united by two grand staircases and a lesser one that passes under Terrace Drive. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain In April 2009, Forbes ranked Bethesda second on its list of "America's Most Livable Cities". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bethesda, Maryland The Montgomery County Ride On bus system also has several routes through Bethesda. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda Circulator, a free loop bus that operates Monday-Saturday and covers most of downtown Bethesda. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bethesda, Maryland Michael Kindzierski served as Lead Architect for the project, which kicked off in 2000. Awards for Bethesda Row include: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bethesda, Maryland Special effects in the series were by Richard Edlund (Star Wars trilogy), who created the two important Angel visitation sequences, as well as the opening sequence wherein the angel at the Bethesda Fountain opens its eyes in the end, signifying her "coming to life". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Angels in America (miniseries) The shooting started in May 2002, and after a 137-day schedule, ended in January 2003. Filming was done primarily at Kaufman Astoria Studios, New York City, with important scenes at Bethesda Fountain in Central Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Angels in America (miniseries) The Trevi Fountain is the largest and most spectacular of Rome's fountains, designed to glorify the three different Popes who created it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fountain The highest fountain today in the King Fahd's Fountain in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fountain Fountain is an interactive fountain and video sculpture feature in Chicago's Millennium Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fountain Only two major structures besides the Bethesda Terrace were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both demolished. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda Terrace and Fountain form the northern end of the Central Park Mall, the only formal feature in the park's original blueprint, the Greensward Plan. Construction of the terrace and fountain occurred during the American Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain It takes its name from a local church, the Bethesda Meeting House (1820, rebuilt 1849), which in turn took its name from Jerusalem's Pool of Bethesda. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland The settlement was renamed in 1871 by postmaster Robert Franck after the Bethesda Meeting House, a Presbyterian church built in 1820. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland In 1852, the postmaster general established a post office in Bethesda and appointed Rev. A. R. Smith its first postmaster. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland The branch had a storage yard there and multiple sidings that served the industries in Bethesda in the early 20th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland In recent years, Bethesda has consolidated as the major urban core and employment center of southwestern Montgomery County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland According to the 2000 Census, Bethesda was the best-educated city in the United States of America with a population of 50,000 or more. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda has two farmers markets, the Montgomery Farm Woman's Cooperative Market and the Bethesda Central Farmer's Market. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda is the home of Congressional Country Club, which is recognized as one of the most prestigious private country clubs in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland Downtown Bethesda is managed by the Bethesda Urban Partnership, a non-profit organization established in 1994 by Montgomery County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bethesda, Maryland Filming was done primarily at Kaufman Astoria Studios, New York City, with important scenes at Bethesda Fountain in Central Park. The Heaven sequence was shot at Hadrian's Villa, the Roman archaeological complex at Tivoli, Italy, dating early 2nd century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Angels in America (miniseries) the Pool, a pond within the North Woods fed by drinking water, and the Loch, a small stream with three cascades that winds through the North Woods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Central Park Bethesda Terrace connects to Central Park Mall, a landscaped walkway and the only formal feature in the Greensward Plan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Central Park The Turtle Pond, a man-made pond, is at the southern edge of the Great Lawn. The pond was originally part of the Croton receiving reservoir. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Central Park The Fountain of Progress gave its show three times each evening, for twenty minutes, with a series of different colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fountain Following the ideas of Hero of Alexandria, the Fountain of the Owl used a series of bronze pipes like flutes to make the sound of birds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fountain Cherry Hill Fountain is a water fountain in New York City's Central Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cherry Hill Fountain The Central Park Mall is a pedestrian esplanade in Central Park, in Manhattan, New York City. The mall, leading to Bethesda Fountain, provides the only purely formal feature in the naturalistic original plan of Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux for Central Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Central Park Mall By the end of 1861, work on Bethesda Terrace was well underway. The stonework to be installed in the terrace arrived in 1862, and the masonry of the fountain was installed by 1863. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, located just northwest of Washington, D.C. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Henry Darnall (1645–1711) surveyed a 710-acre (290-hectare) area in 1694 which became the first land grant in Bethesda. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland The area commonly known as "Downtown Bethesda" is centered at the intersection of Wisconsin Avenue, Old Georgetown Road and East-West Highway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland This intersection is approximately two and one-half miles from Washington, DC's western boundary, making Bethesda a close-in suburb of Washington. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland In 2009, Self magazine ranked Bethesda as the second healthiest place for women in the country, a year after ranking it number one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda is also home of the exclusive Burning Tree Club, Bethesda Country Club, and the Bethesda Big Train, a summer collegiate baseball team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Retail stores include an Apple Store, Amazon Books, Anthropologie, and popular bagel store Bethesda Bagels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda did not develop beyond a small crossroads village through the 19th century. It consisted then of a blacksmith shop, a church and school, and a few houses and stores. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda is a very wealthy and well-educated area. According to the 2000 Census, Bethesda was the best-educated city in the United States of America with a population of 50,000 or more. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Software company Bethesda Softworks was originally located in Bethesda, but moved to Rockville, in 1990. The Discovery Channel also had its headquarters in Bethesda before relocating to Silver Spring in 2004. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bethesda, Maryland Special effects in the series were by Richard Edlund (Star Wars trilogy), who created the two important Angel visitation sequences, as well as the opening sequence wherein the angel at the Bethesda Fountain opens its eyes in the end, signifying her "coming to life". Costumer Martin Izquierdo was hired to design functioning wings for Thompson's Angel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angels in America (miniseries) The Conservancy assumed much of the park's operations in early 1998.Renovations continued through the first decade of the 21st century, and a project to restore the pond was commenced in 2000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park Directly facing the southeastern shore of the Lake is a bi-level hall called Bethesda Terrace, which contains an elaborate fountain on its lower level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, the USS Maine National Monument, and the Bow Bridge were also rehabilitated. By then, the Conservancy was engaged in design efforts and long-term restoration planning, and in 1981, Davis and Barlow announced a 10-year, $100 million "Central Park Management and Restoration Plan". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park It started refurbishing the ceiling tiles of the Bethesda Arcade, which was completed in 2007. Soon after, the Central Park Conservancy began restoring the Ramble and Lake, in a project that was completed in 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park It is fed by two interconnected water features: the Pool, a pond within the North Woods fed by drinking water, and the Loch, a small stream with three cascades that winds through the North Woods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park The pond was originally part of the Croton receiving reservoir. The receiving reservoir was drained starting in 1930, and the dry reservoir bed was temporarily used as a homeless encampment when filling stopped during the Great Depression. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park Alice in Wonderland Margaret Delacorte Memorial (1959), a sculpture of Alice, is at Conservatory Water. Angel of the Waters (1873), by Emma Stebbins, is the centerpiece of Bethesda Fountain, the first large public sculpture commission for an American woman, and the only statue included in the original park design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Central Park Emma Stebbins (1 September 1815 - 25 October 1882) was an American sculptor and the first woman to receive a public art commission from New York City. She was best known for her work Angel of the Waters (1873), also known as Bethesda Fountain, located on the Bethesda Terrace in Central Park, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Emma Stebbins One surviving example is the Fountain of Tears (1764) at the Bakhchisarai Palace, in Crimea; which was made famous by a poem of Alexander Pushkin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain The aqueduct he restored, with modifications and extensions, eventually supplied water to the Trevi Fountain and the famous baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Cosimo built an aqueduct large enough for the first continually-running fountain in Florence, the Fountain of Neptune in the Piazza della Signoria (1560–1567). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Another fountain innovation of the 19th century was the illuminated fountain: The Bartholdi Fountain at the Philadelphia Exposition of 1876 was illuminated by gas lamps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Those fountains with a high source of water, such as the Triton Fountain, could shoot water 16 feet (4.9 m) in air. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain The Great Fountain in Herrenhausen Gardens at Hanover was based on ideas of Gottfried Leibniz conceived in 1694 and was inaugurated in 1719 during the visit of George I. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Port Fountain (2006) in Karachi, Pakistan, rises to height of 190 meters (620 feet) making it the fourth tallest fountain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain which were created between 1550 and 1572. Following the ideas of Hero of Alexandria, the Fountain of the Owl used a series of bronze pipes like flutes to make the sound of birds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain The organ also imitates the sound of trumpets, the sound of cannon, and the sound of muskets, made by the sudden fall of water ... The Organ Fountain fell into ruins, but it was recently restored and plays music again. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Fountains with a lower source, such as the Trevi Fountain, could only have water pour downwards. The architect of the Trevi Fountain placed it below street level to make the flow of water seem more dramatic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Fountain Park, Fountain Hills, Arizona (1970). Can reach 171 meters (561 feet) when all three pumps are operating, but normally runs at 91 meters (300 feet). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fountain Construction of the terrace and fountain occurred during the American Civil War. Only two major structures besides the Bethesda Terrace were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both demolished. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Only two major structures besides the Bethesda Terrace were completed during the Civil War: the Music Stand and the Casino restaurant, both demolished. By the end of 1861, work on Bethesda Terrace was well underway. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bethesda Terrace and Fountain Bethesda is located in a region populated by the Piscataway and Nacotchtank tribes at the time of European colonization. Fur trader Henry Fleet became the first European to visit the area, reaching it by sailing up the Potomac River. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bethesda, Maryland Tobacco farming was the primary way of life in Bethesda throughout the 1700s. The city avoided seeing action during the Revolutionary War, although it became a supply region for the fledgling Continental Navy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bethesda, Maryland The university consists of the F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, a medical school, and the Graduate School of Nursing, a nursing school. National Intelligence University is also in Bethesda. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bethesda, Maryland It was decommissioned in 1993 and renamed after Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis the following year, after her death. The Turtle Pond, a man-made pond, is at the southern edge of the Great Lawn. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Central Park He also decided to revive the Roman custom of marking the arrival point of an aqueduct with a mostra, a grand commemorative fountain. He commissioned the architect Leon Battista Alberti to build a wall fountain where the Trevi Fountain is now located. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain After World War II, fountains in the United States became more varied in form. Some, like the Vaillancourt Fountain in San Francisco (1971), were pure works of sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain According to Popp, the sheet of water is "a metaphor for the constant flow of information from which we cannot escape."Crown Fountain is an interactive fountain and video sculpture feature in Chicago's Millennium Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain Fountain is an interactive fountain and video sculpture feature in Chicago's Millennium Park. Designed by Catalan artist Jaume Plensa, it opened in July 2004. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain Following the ideas of Hero of Alexandria, the Fountain of the Owl used a series of bronze pipes like flutes to make the sound of birds. The most famous feature of the garden was the great Organ Fountain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain Those fountains with a high source of water, such as the Triton Fountain, could shoot water 16 feet (4.9 m) in air. Fountains with a lower source, such as the Trevi Fountain, could only have water pour downwards. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fountain
18038.	Q: What piece of jewelry is the lady in Mangbetu coiffure, photo de Kazimierz Zagórski, 1928-1938 wearing? Title = Mangbetu coiffure de Kazimierz Zagórski (cropped) Description = A: Ear ring and a necklace Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Kazimierz Dolny, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Project Riese, Kazimierz, Włodzimierz Zagórski (general), Casimir III the Great, Zagorski Štrukli, Mambele, Witold Zagórski, Central Sudanic languages, Kazimierz Węgrzyn, Asoa people, Mangbetu people, Włodzimierz Zagórski, Casey Siemaszko, Wojciech Zagórski, Voiced labiodental flap, Mangbetu language, Mangbetu Pottery, How I Unleashed World War II, Polish Legions in World War I, Kazimierz (disambiguation), Casimir, Poland men's national basketball team, 104th Company of Syndicalists, Nilo-Saharan languages, Mangbetu, Kazimierz Fabrycy, Mangbetu languages, Jerzy Zagórski, Casimir Zagourski, Edmund Zagorski, Zhytomyr, Casimir Pulaski, Kazimierz Deyna, Zagórski, African art Toggle details	Casimir Zagourski (Polish: Kazimierz Zagórski), pioneering photographer of Central African peoples and customs --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Casimir Wojciech Cacko-Zagórski (6 August 1928 – 29 April 2016) was a Polish film and theatre actor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wojciech Zagórski Casimir Ostoja Zagourski (in Polish Kazimierz Zagórski) (1883–1944) was a pioneering photographer of Central African peoples and customs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Casimir Zagourski In March 1923, the Minister to Military Affairs, General Kazimierz Sosnkowski, called Zagórski up from the reserves and appointed him Chief of the Military Production Department to the Army. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Włodzimierz Zagórski (general) Not only that, but there are also some Jews moving to Kazimierz from Israel and America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kazimierz Those denounced by Zagórski were transferred to another internment camp in Havelberg, where they were brutally treated, and even tortured. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Włodzimierz Zagórski (general) Zagórski was supposed to meet with Marshal of Poland Józef --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Włodzimierz Zagórski (general) The Mangbetu are known for their highly developed art and music. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangbetu people The Mangbetu stood out to European colonists because of their elongated heads. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangbetu people It is spoken by the Mangbetu people of northeastern Congo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangbetu language Occasionally this sculpted figure is a Mangbetu women with the traditional. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangbetu Pottery The nuns changed its name to Kazimierz, in honor of the prince. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Dolny For the first time, the name Kazimierz appears in chronicles in 1249. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Dolny In 1628, Franciscan friars settled in Kazimierz, building a monastery and expanding the church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Dolny Kazimierz Wielki University is a public university founded in 1968. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz The boundaries of Kazimierz are defined by an old island in the Vistula river. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Three early medieval settlements are known to have existed on the island defining Kazimierz. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Kazimierz with Krakow, is having a small growth in Jewish population recently. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz After Kazimierz was incorporated into Krakow, the town hall lost its function. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Zagórski was accused to have had allegedly flown missions and personally bombed Piłsudski's force despite there being no evidence for these accusations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Włodzimierz Zagórski (general) In March 1923, the Minister to Military Affairs, General Kazimierz Sosnkowski, called Zagórski up from the reserves and appointed him Chief of the Military Production Department to the Army. On November 1, 1923, he was promoted to Colonel in the Staff of Generals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Włodzimierz Zagórski (general) Zagórski died on 30 June 2016, at the age of 85. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Witold Zagórski The language is called kingbetu in the regional language of Lingala, but the Mangbetu call it nemangbetu. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mangbetu people One instrument associated with and named after them is the Mangbetu harp or guitar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mangbetu people The Mangbetu live in association with the Asua Pygmies, and their languages are closely related. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mangbetu language Wojciech Zagórski – the Turk enrolling on the German ship --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) How I Unleashed World War II Kazimierz Górecki, Polish sprint canoer who competed in the mid-1970s --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Casimir Even as a student Kazimierz flung himself into activities of the Polish independence movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kazimierz Fabrycy Blench (2000) considers Lombi to be part of the Mangbetu dialect continuum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mangbetu languages Kazimierz Zagórski (1883 Żytomierz – 1944 Leopoldville, Kongo), Polish photographer active in central Africa 1924–44, author of the "L'Afrique qui disparait", former Colonel of the tsar Air Force --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Zhytomyr Masks are a piece of the animist confidence of the Yoruba individuals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) African art The nuns changed its name to Kazimierz, in honor of the prince. For the first time, the name Kazimierz appears in chronicles in 1249. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kazimierz Dolny Kazimierz Wielki University is a public university founded in 1968. As the university expanded, its organization structure and name changed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz There was also a much smaller island upstream of Kazimierz known as the “Tatar Island” after the Tatar cemetery there. This smaller island has since washed away. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kazimierz Not only that, but there are also some Jews moving to Kazimierz from Israel and America. Kazimierz with Krakow, is having a small growth in Jewish population recently. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kazimierz The Mangbetu are known for their highly developed art and music. One instrument associated with and named after them is the Mangbetu harp or guitar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangbetu people The Mangbetu stood out to European colonists because of their elongated heads. Traditionally, babies' heads were wrapped tightly with cloth in order to give them this distinctive appearance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangbetu people It is spoken by the Mangbetu people of northeastern Congo. It, or its speakers, are also known as Amangbetu, Kingbetu, Mambetto. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangbetu language Occasionally this sculpted figure is a Mangbetu women with the traditional. The handles of these pots are sometimes molded and shaped into animal or human parts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangbetu Pottery Blench (2000) considers Lombi to be part of the Mangbetu dialect continuum. Asoa is spoken by Pygmies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangbetu languages
2446.	Q: What surrounds the base of the Seattle Space Needle? Title = Seattle Space Needle in October 2013.png Description = Title = Space Needle, Seattle, Washington, April 2012.JPG Description = A: Trees. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Seattle Center, Lego Architecture, Safeco Plaza (Seattle), Needle, Angry Birds Space, Space Needle, SkyCity, Space Needle (disambiguation), Seattle International Film Festival, Letter (message) Toggle details	The Space Needle is an observation tower in Seattle, Washington, United States. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Space Needle The Space Needle is often used in establishing shots as an economical means to tell the audience the setting is Seattle. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Space Needle The operator's console was located in the base of the Space Needle, completely enclosed in glass to allow observation of the musician playing the instrument. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Space Needle SkyCity (originally known as the Eye of the Needle) was a revolving restaurant and bar situated atop the Space Needle in Seattle, Washington. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) SkyCity The proposed Space Needle had no pre-selected site. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Space Needle While this level had been part of the original plans for the Space Needle, it was not built until this time. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Space Needle The Space Needle has been involved in practical jokes, especially those on April Fools' Day. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Space Needle As a visual symbol of Seattle, the Space Needle has been incorporated into the logos of NBA, WNBA, MLS ,and NHL professional sports teams. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Space Needle The Space Needle is an observation tower in Seattle, Washington, United States. Considered to be an icon of the city and the Pacific Northwest, it has been designated a Seattle landmark. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Space Needle The operator's console was located in the base of the Space Needle, completely enclosed in glass to allow observation of the musician playing the instrument. It was also capable of being played from a roll, like a player piano. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Space Needle Since 1985, the Seattle International Film Festival has awarded the Golden Space Needle award each year to the festival's most popular movie. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Seattle International Film Festival Space Needle, an official city landmark, featuring an observation deck and revolving restaurant --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Seattle Center The Space Needle will not sustain serious structural damage during earthquakes of magnitudes below 9.1. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Space Needle A radio broadcast studio was built on the observation level of the Space Needle in 1963. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Space Needle The proposed Space Needle had no pre-selected site. Since it was not financed by the city, land had to be purchased within the fairgrounds. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Space Needle Called the Legacy Light or Skybeam, it is powered by lamps that total 85 million candela shining skyward from the top of the Space Needle to honor national holidays and special occasions in Seattle. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Space Needle Upon completion, the Space Needle was the tallest building in the western United States, replacing the Smith Tower in downtown Seattle as the tallest building west of the Mississippi since 1914. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Space Needle It dwarfed Smith Tower, which had been the tallest building in the Downtown area since 1914, and edged out the Space Needle (finished in 1962) in Seattle Center by 25 ft (7.6 m). --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) The earthquake stability of the Space Needle was ensured when a hole was dug 30 ft (9.1 m) --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Space Needle Golden Space Needle (Best Film) and SIFF Awards for Best Short and Documentary === --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Seattle International Film Festival The Wheedle has since become a fixture of Seattle. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Space Needle Every year on New Year's Eve, the Space Needle celebrates with a fireworks show at midnight that is synchronized to music. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Space Needle Since 1985, the Seattle International Film Festival has awarded the Golden Space Needle award each year to the festival's most popular movie. Ballots are cast by audience members at the end of each movie. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Seattle International Film Festival Within the 'Landmark Series' are models of the Sears Tower (21000), John Hancock Center (21001), the Empire State Building (21002), and the Seattle Space Needle (21003). --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Lego Architecture For the launch of the game, Rovio partnered with wireless carrier T-Mobile to erect a 300-foot tall contraption, with a 35-foot tall red bird resting in it at the Seattle Space Needle to make it look like a slingshot. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Angry Birds Space As a visual symbol of Seattle, the Space Needle has been incorporated into the logos of NBA, WNBA, MLS ,and NHL professional sports teams. The Space Needle has been involved in practical jokes, especially those on April Fools' Day. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Space Needle The building is occasionally referred to by locals as "The Box the Space Needle Came In", in reference to the city landmark nearby. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) The Space Needle was once the tallest structure west of the Mississippi River, standing at 605 ft (184 m). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Space Needle In 1977 Bagley, Skinner and Clapp sold their interest to Howard Wright who now controls it under the name of Space Needle Corporation. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Space Needle In May 2008, the Space Needle received its first professional cleaning since the opening of the 1962 World's Fair. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Space Needle Who Shagged Me made an absurdist visual gag conflating another icon of Seattle, Starbucks, with the tower, showing the coffee chains's name written across the Space Needle's saucer placing the villain Doctor Evil's base of operations there after his henchman Number 2 shifted the organization's resources toward the coffee company. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Space Needle As a symbol of the Pacific Northwest, the Space Needle has made numerous appearances in films, TV shows, and other works of fiction. The Space Needle is often used in establishing shots as an economical means to tell the audience the setting is Seattle. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Space Needle Its landmark feature is the 605-foot (184 m) tall Space Needle, which at the time of its completion was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River. Seattle Center is located just north of Belltown in the Uptown neighborhood. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Seattle Center Unlike many other similar structures, such as the CN Tower in Toronto, the Space Needle is not used for broadcasting purposes. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Space Needle An imitation carillon (using recordings of bells, rather than live bells) was installed in the Space Needle, and played several times a day during the World's Fair. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Space Needle On May 19, 2007, the Space Needle welcomed its 45 millionth visitor, who received a free trip for two to Paris. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Space Needle Every year on New Year's Eve, the Space Needle celebrates with a fireworks show at midnight that is synchronized to music. Alberto Navarro, a fireworks artist from Bellevue, is the lead architect of the show, which is viewed by thousands from the Seattle Center grounds. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Space Needle The tower was also destroyed in the TV miniseries 10.5 when a 7.9 earthquake hits Seattle. The miniseries mistakenly portrays the Needle as crumbling concrete, though the structure is actually made of steel and designed to withstand up to a 9.0 earthquake. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Space Needle It dwarfed Smith Tower, which had been the tallest building in the Downtown area since 1914, and edged out the Space Needle (finished in 1962) in Seattle Center by 25 ft (7.6 m). It remained the tallest structure in the city for sixteen years, until the Columbia Center was completed in 1985. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) The Space Needle was built to withstand wind speeds of 200 mph (320 km/h), double the requirements in the building code of 1962. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Space Needle In 1974, author Stephen Cosgrove's children's book Wheedle on the Needle imagined a furry creature called the Wheedle who lived on top of the Space Needle and caused its light to flash. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Space Needle Paul D. Baker was the first person to jump from the Space Needle in a successful suicide attempt on March 4, 1974. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Space Needle As a symbol of the Pacific Northwest, the Space Needle has made numerous appearances in films, TV shows, and other works of fiction. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Space Needle Seattle Center is located just north of Belltown in the Uptown neighborhood. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Seattle Center It was demolished and the site is being redeveloped as the future home of Seattle Opera. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Seattle Center By the beginning of 2009, six sets had been released in the range, under two 'series'. Within the 'Landmark Series' are models of the Sears Tower (21000), John Hancock Center (21001), the Empire State Building (21002), and the Seattle Space Needle (21003). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Lego Architecture The building is occasionally referred to by locals as "The Box the Space Needle Came In", in reference to the city landmark nearby. Safeco Plaza was completed in 1969 by the Howard S. Wright Construction Company for Seattle First National Bank. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) The Space Needle features an observation deck 520 ft (160 m) above ground, providing views of the downtown Seattle skyline, the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, Elliott Bay, and various islands in Puget Sound. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle The architecture of the Space Needle is the result of a compromise between the designs of two men, Edward E. Carlson and John Graham, Jr. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle At approximately 605 ft (184 m), the Space Needle was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River at the time it was built by Howard S. Wright Construction Co., but is now dwarfed by other structures along the Seattle skyline, among them the Columbia Center, at 967 ft (295 m). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle Its closing quatrain is: There's a Wheedle on the Needle / --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle In 2002, a real estate consultant in Bellevue proposed the construction of five smaller replicas of the Space Needle around the city to promote tourism, though the proposal has not yet materialized. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle Nisqually earthquake jolted the Needle enough in 2001 for water to slosh out of the toilets in the restrooms. The Space Needle will not sustain serious structural damage during earthquakes of magnitudes below 9.1. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle On December 31, 1999, a powerful beam of light was unveiled for the first time. Called the Legacy Light or Skybeam, it is powered by lamps that total 85 million candela shining skyward from the top of the Space Needle to honor national holidays and special occasions in Seattle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle During the course of the Fair nearly 20,000 people a day rode the elevators to the Observation Deck. Upon completion, the Space Needle was the tallest building in the western United States, replacing the Smith Tower in downtown Seattle as the tallest building west of the Mississippi since 1914. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle Its closing quatrain is: There's a Wheedle on the Needle / I know just what you're thinking / --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle You'll see his red nose blinking. The Wheedle has since become a fixture of Seattle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle In 1982, the SkyLine level was added at the height of 100 ft (30 m). While this level had been part of the original plans for the Space Needle, it was not built until this time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle While this level had been part of the original plans for the Space Needle, it was not built until this time. Today, the SkyLine Banquet Facility can accommodate groups of 20–360 people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle In the 1999 film Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me made an absurdist visual gag conflating another icon of Seattle, Starbucks, with the tower, showing the coffee chains's name written across the Space Needle's saucer placing the villain Doctor Evil's base of operations there after his henchman Number 2 shifted the organization's resources toward the coffee company. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Space Needle Its landmark feature is the 605-foot (184 m) tall Space Needle, which at the time of its completion was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Seattle Center Safeco Plaza was completed in 1969 by the Howard S. Wright Construction Company for Seattle First National Bank. It dwarfed Smith Tower, which had been the tallest building in the Downtown area since 1914, and edged out the Space Needle (finished in 1962) in Seattle Center by 25 ft (7.6 m). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) Angry Birds Space was released on March 22, 2012. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Angry Birds Space Like in Angry Birds Rio, Angry Birds Space features boss fights. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Angry Birds Space These are unlocked by getting 100% on each level using the Space Eagles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Angry Birds Space Considered to be an icon of the city and the Pacific Northwest, it has been designated a Seattle landmark. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle Visitors can reach the top of the Space Needle by elevators that travel at 10 mph (16 km/h), completing the ascent in 41 seconds (they are slowed to 5 mph (8.0 km/h) on windy days). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle Also made to withstand Category 5 hurricane-force winds, the Space Needle sways only 1 in (25 mm) per 10 mph (16 km/h) of wind speed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle For decades, the hovering disk of the Space Needle was home to two restaurants 500 ft (150 m) above the ground: the Space Needle Restaurant, which was originally named Eye of the Needle, and Emerald Suite. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle In 2015, public radio station KPLU 88.5 FM reported in the news story "Proposed Development To 'Assimilate' Seattle's Landmark Space Needle?" that a permit application (Notice of Proposed Land Use Action) had been submitted "to construct a 666 unit cube to assimilate" the landmark. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle Nearly 20,000 people a day used its elevators during the event. The Space Needle was once the tallest structure west of the Mississippi River, standing at 605 ft (184 m). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle Called the Legacy Light or Skybeam, it is powered by lamps that total 85 million candela shining skyward from the top of the Space Needle to honor national holidays and special occasions in Seattle. The concept of this beam was derived from the official 1962 World's Fair poster, which depicted such a light source although none was incorporated into the original design. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle In 1974, author Stephen Cosgrove's children's book Wheedle on the Needle imagined a furry creature called the Wheedle who lived on top of the Space Needle and caused its light to flash. Its closing quatrain is: There's a Wheedle on the Needle / --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Space Needle The restaurant was closed in September 2017 for the $100 million "The Century Project" renovation at the Space Needle, with plans for the dining area to be outfitted with a clear glass floor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) SkyCity Seattle Center hosts many cultural, music and arts festivals. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Seattle Center Vertebrae 1968 by Henry Moore which is owned by the Seattle Art Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) Nisqually earthquake jolted the Needle enough in 2001 for water to slosh out of the toilets in the restrooms. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle No detergents were used in consideration of the Seattle Center and the Museum of Pop Culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle The tower was also destroyed in the TV miniseries 10.5 when a 7.9 earthquake hits Seattle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle The miniseries mistakenly portrays the Needle as crumbling concrete, though the structure is actually made of steel and designed to withstand up to a 9.0 earthquake. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle It also has 25 lightning rods. The Space Needle features an observation deck 520 ft (160 m) above ground, providing views of the downtown Seattle skyline, the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, Elliott Bay, and various islands in Puget Sound. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle Victor Steinbrueck introduced the hourglass profile of the tower. The Space Needle was built to withstand wind speeds of 200 mph (320 km/h), double the requirements in the building code of 1962. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle The Needle was privately financed and built by the Pentagram Corporation, consisting of Bagley Wright, contractor Howard S. Wright, architect John Graham, Ned Skinner, and Norton Clapp. In 1977 Bagley, Skinner and Clapp sold their interest to Howard Wright who now controls it under the name of Space Needle Corporation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle In 1977 Bagley, Skinner and Clapp sold their interest to Howard Wright who now controls it under the name of Space Needle Corporation. The earthquake stability of the Space Needle was ensured when a hole was dug 30 ft (9.1 m) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle The earthquake stability of the Space Needle was ensured when a hole was dug 30 ft (9.1 m) deep and 120 ft (37 m) across, and 467 concrete trucks took one full day to fill it. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Space Needle SIFF currently has year round programming for four screens in Seattle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Seattle International Film Festival There is a long history of consecutive plans for physical revision of Seattle Center. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Seattle Center It is developed and published by Rovio Entertainment. Angry Birds Space was released on March 22, 2012. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Angry Birds Space With paint colors named Orbital Olive for the body, Astronaut White for the legs, Re-entry Red for the saucer, and Galaxy Gold for the roof, the Space Needle was finished in less than one year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle In 1989, KING-TV's Almost Live! reported that the Space Needle had collapsed, causing panicked people to call emergency services and forcing the station to apologize afterwards; the incident was compared to the 1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds, which caused nationwide panic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle A radio broadcast studio was built on the observation level of the Space Needle in 1963. It was used for morning broadcasts by Radio KING and its sister TV station KING-TV from July 1963 to May 1966, and KIRO Radio from 1966 to 1974. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle On May 19, 2007, the Space Needle welcomed its 45 millionth visitor, who received a free trip for two to Paris. In May 2008, the Space Needle received its first professional cleaning since the opening of the 1962 World's Fair. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle Four of them were part of an authorized promotion in 1996, and the other two were arrested. Paul D. Baker was the first person to jump from the Space Needle in a successful suicide attempt on March 4, 1974. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle Paul D. Baker was the first person to jump from the Space Needle in a successful suicide attempt on March 4, 1974. Mary Lucille Wolf also jumped from the tower that year, on May 25. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Space Needle The restaurant was closed in September 2017 for the $100 million "The Century Project" renovation at the Space Needle, with plans for the dining area to be outfitted with a clear glass floor. The glass floor would enable diners to view the city below them and also the mechanics that operate the revolving floor. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) SkyCity However, in 2008, the festival was back to being entirely in Seattle, and had a slight decrease in the number of feature films. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Seattle International Film Festival Shortly after the 2011 festival, SIFF moved its operations to the SIFF Film Center on the Seattle Center campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Seattle International Film Festival Seattle Center is an arts, educational, tourism and entertainment center in Seattle, Washington, United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Pacific Science Center, home of an IMAX Theater and Seattle Laser Dome --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Seattle Repertory Theatre, home of the Bagley Wright Theatre, the Leo Kreielsheimer Theatre, and the PONCHO Forum --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Center Theatre, home of the Seattle Shakespeare Company and Book-It Repertory Theatre --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Originally opened as the Seattle Center Coliseum in 1962, it was rebuilt in 1995 as KeyArena and renovated in 2020 as Climate Pledge Arena. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Spanning an area of 74 acres (30 ha), it was originally built for the 1962 World's Fair. Its landmark feature is the 605-foot (184 m) tall Space Needle, which at the time of its completion was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle Center Angry Birds Space is a physics-based puzzle game and the fifth game in the Angry Birds video game series. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Angry Birds Space In February 2012, Rovio announced a new game in the Angry Birds series to be called Angry Birds Space. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Angry Birds Space Disc jockey Bobby Wooten of country music station KAYO-AM lived in an apartment built adjacent to the Space Needle's broadcast studio for six months in 1974, which required a permit variance from the city government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle A renovation of the top of the Space Needle began in the summer of 2017, to add an all-glass floor to the restaurant, and replace the observation platform windows with floor-to-ceiling glass panels to more closely match the 1962 original concept sketches, as well as upgrades and updates to the internal systems. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle The Space Needle will not sustain serious structural damage during earthquakes of magnitudes below 9.1. Also made to withstand Category 5 hurricane-force winds, the Space Needle sways only 1 in (25 mm) per 10 mph (16 km/h) of wind speed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle For decades, the hovering disk of the Space Needle was home to two restaurants 500 ft (150 m) above the ground: the Space Needle Restaurant, which was originally named Eye of the Needle, and Emerald Suite. These were closed in 2000 to make way for SkyCity, a larger restaurant that features Pacific Northwest cuisine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle The 2020 fireworks display was canceled because of high winds, with a laser light show being used at midnight instead. In 2002, a real estate consultant in Bellevue proposed the construction of five smaller replicas of the Space Needle around the city to promote tourism, though the proposal has not yet materialized. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle In 2002, a real estate consultant in Bellevue proposed the construction of five smaller replicas of the Space Needle around the city to promote tourism, though the proposal has not yet materialized. On May 19, 2007, the Space Needle welcomed its 45 millionth visitor, who received a free trip for two to Paris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle No detergents were used in consideration of the Seattle Center and the Museum of Pop Culture. As part of the celebration of its 50th anniversary, the Needle was painted "Galaxy Gold" in April 2012, the same color used when the needle was originally constructed for the 1962 World's Fair. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Space Needle Previous winners of the Golden Space Needle include Whale Rider for 2003, Trainspotting for 1996, Kiss of the Spider Woman for 1985 and Boyhood for 2015, the latter two being the only films to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture and win the Golden Space Needle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle International Film Festival SIFF utilizes all three of the Uptown's three screens for year-round programming. SIFF currently has year round programming for four screens in Seattle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Seattle International Film Festival Before the 1962 World's Fair, the building was an armory. Seattle Center Armory is an official city landmark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Seattle Center Seattle Center Armory is an official city landmark. A piece of the Berlin Wall is in the food atrium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Seattle Center Safeco Plaza was completed in 1969 by the Howard S. Wright Construction Company for Seattle First National Bank. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) The property also houses a sculpture titled Three Piece Sculpture: Vertebrae 1968 by Henry Moore which is owned by the Seattle Art Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Safeco Plaza (Seattle) Angry Birds Space launched on March 22, 2012, and features elements from the preceding Angry Birds games as well as new gameplay mechanics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angry Birds Space On November 1, Angry Birds Space was updated to complete "Red Planet" and added one Space Eagle bonus level for each episode. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angry Birds Space On March 7, 2013, rock legendary Slash made his own music for the Angry Birds Space theme. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angry Birds Space Angry Birds Space is a physics-based puzzle game and the fifth game in the Angry Birds video game series. It is developed and published by Rovio Entertainment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angry Birds Space Some pigs are in space bubbles, and when the birds break them, they will freeze and smash unless they get into a gravity field. Like in Angry Birds Rio, Angry Birds Space features boss fights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angry Birds Space Located in the Lower Queen Anne neighborhood, it was built in the Seattle Center for the 1962 World's Fair, which drew over 2.3 million visitors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle A 1962 Seattle World's Fair poster showed a grand spiral entryway leading to the elevator that was ultimately omitted from final building plans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle Edward F. Carlson, chairman of the 1962 World's Fair in Seattle, had an idea for erecting a tower with a restaurant at the World's Fair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle It became the mascot of the Seattle SuperSonics National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise, who played in nearby KeyArena (originally known as the Seattle Center Coliseum). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle Alberto Navarro, a fireworks artist from Bellevue, is the lead architect of the show, which is viewed by thousands from the Seattle Center grounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle This temporary makeover, intended to last through the summer, is not the Needle's first: it had the University of Washington (UW) Huskies football team logo painted after the team won the 1992 Rose Bowl, appeared as a giant "Wheel of Fortune" in 1995, was painted crimson after Washington State won the Apple Cup, and has been seen in Seattle SuperSonics colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle Visitors can reach the top of the Space Needle by elevators that travel at 10 mph (16 km/h), completing the ascent in 41 seconds (they are slowed to 5 mph (8.0 km/h) on windy days). On April 19, 1999, the city's Landmarks Preservation Board designated the tower a historic landmark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle With paint colors named Orbital Olive for the body, Astronaut White for the legs, Re-entry Red for the saucer, and Galaxy Gold for the roof, the Space Needle was finished in less than one year. It was completed in April 1962 at a cost of $4.5 million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle In May 2008, the Space Needle received its first professional cleaning since the opening of the 1962 World's Fair. The monument was pressure washed by Kärcher with water at a pressure of 2,900 psi (20,000 kPa) and a temperature of 194 °F (90 °C). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Space Needle The Seattle International Film Festival (SIFF), held annually in Seattle, Washington since 1976, is among the top film festivals in North America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Seattle International Film Festival In May 2014 it was announced that SIFF had purchased the Uptown Theater, and would be leasing and renovating the Egyptian Theater (abandoned roughly a year earlier by Landmark Theatres) from Seattle Central College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Seattle International Film Festival Mercer Arena, formerly a sports, concert, and opera venue before sitting dormant for several years. It was demolished and the site is being redeveloped as the future home of Seattle Opera. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Seattle Center Angry Birds Space was released on March 22, 2012. The game was featured in NASA videos and the game features NASA spacecraft that when found unlock unique levels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Angry Birds Space In February 2012, Rovio announced a new game in the Angry Birds series to be called Angry Birds Space. Angry Birds Space launched on March 22, 2012, and features elements from the preceding Angry Birds games as well as new gameplay mechanics. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Angry Birds Space The Wheedle has since become a fixture of Seattle. It became the mascot of the Seattle SuperSonics National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise, who played in nearby KeyArena (originally known as the Seattle Center Coliseum). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Space Needle Ballots are cast by audience members at the end of each movie. Previous winners of the Golden Space Needle include Whale Rider for 2003, Trainspotting for 1996, Kiss of the Spider Woman for 1985 and Boyhood for 2015, the latter two being the only films to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture and win the Golden Space Needle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Seattle International Film Festival
23962.	Q: Which Christmas tree has the ornament on it with the greater number of pointed ends, the Christmas-tree decoration on the old Horne's department store, Pittsburgh or the Christmas tree in Riverside Centre, Brisbane, Australia 2016? Title = Christmas tree in Riverside Centre, Brisbane, Australia 2016 Description = Title = Horne's Christmas Tree, 2019-12-05, 01 Description = A: Christmas tree in Riverside Centre, Brisbane, Australia 2016 Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Filene's, Sponge spicule, Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, Climate of Brisbane, Prime number, Order of Australia, Brisbane Road, Barking, London, Liberal Party of Australia, Riverside Centre, Brisbane, Christmas tree (disambiguation), Australia national soccer team, Hook, Marshall Field's, Christmas Tree Farm, Microfilament, Christmas lights, Jai Vilas Mahal, Joseph Horne Company, Monroeville Mall, UEFA Euro 1980, List of facial hairstyles, Greater London, MasterChef Australia (series 12), North Division (NHL), Arrow (symbol), The Mysteries of Pittsburgh, MasterChef Australia, Schistocyte, University of Pittsburgh, Western Australia, Brisbane Skytower, Brisbane, Pittsburgh International Airport, Erith, Riverside Park, Montreal, States and territories of Australia, The Twelve Days of Christmas (song), Boston Christmas Tree, Rich's (department store), Brisbane Broncos, Macy's, Australia (continent), 2004 Copa América, Barking Riverside, Greater-than sign, Pittsburgh, Shadyside (Pittsburgh), Christmas Tree Shops, Pittsburgh Pirates, Pittsburgh Penguins, Hecht's, List of tallest buildings in Brisbane, Taiyuan Riverside Sports Centre Gymnasium, Pittsburgh Steelers, Season structure of the NHL, Riverside Studios, Christmas, Brisbane Airport, List of tallest buildings and structures in Greater Manchester, Christmas tree, Lightning rod, Christmas controversies, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 2032 Summer Olympics, South East Queensland, Stanley Cup playoffs, Christmas tree cultivation, PPG Industries, Harry Seidler, Number, City of Brisbane, Burdines, Football (ball), Kaufmann's, Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree, Aluminum Christmas tree, Brisbane Lions, Australia, Queensland, Isle of Wight, Benjamin Horne, Bunchosia argentea Toggle details	Soon after Horne bought the Eaton Co., the Joseph Horne Company became a leading Pittsburgh department store. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Joseph Horne Company The Joseph Horne Company, often referred to simply as Joseph Horne's or Horne's, was an iconic, regional department store chain based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Joseph Horne Company This caused some anger among Pittsburgh shoppers, as Horne's was the oldest store in the city and had been a 145-year-old Pittsburgh tradition. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Joseph Horne Company Kaufmann's was a department store that originated in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Kaufmann's The flagship Horne's Department Store in Pittsburgh was the city's first department store, and remained its only one until the founding of Kaufmann's in 1871. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Joseph Horne Company The Joseph Horne Company, often referred to simply as Joseph Horne's or Horne's, was an iconic, regional department store chain based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The store was one of the oldest in the country being founded on February 22, 1849, but was often overlooked as it maintained only a regional presence. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Joseph Horne Company This caused some anger among Pittsburgh shoppers, as Horne's was the oldest store in the city and had been a 145-year-old Pittsburgh tradition. After its closure the company was often praised for surviving 145 years with only a maximum of 15 stores. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Joseph Horne Company His middle and last names are based on department store owner Joseph Horne, founder of Horne's in Pittsburgh where Mark Frost is from, while his and his brother Jerry's first names are based on the ice cream brand Ben & Jerry's. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Benjamin Horne is defined as the number of primes not greater than --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Prime number Soon after Horne bought the Eaton Co., the Joseph Horne Company became a leading Pittsburgh department store. In 1879, he constructed a new central location at Penn Avenue and Stanwix Street in Downtown Pittsburgh, a seven-story landmark which was the first department store in the city's downtown. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Joseph Horne Company In 1994, Federated Department Stores acquired the remaining ten Horne's stores and merged them with its Lazarus division, completely ceasing all operations of any store under the Horne's name by August 29, 1994. This caused some anger among Pittsburgh shoppers, as Horne's was the oldest store in the city and had been a 145-year-old Pittsburgh tradition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Joseph Horne Company Well beyond Pittsburgh, Horne's became a part of popular culture. Artist Andy Warhol worked at a Horne's location in the store's display department as a summer job in 1947.The television series Twin Peaks referenced a fictional Horne's store and owner, Ben Joseph Horne, which were inspired by the real Horne's. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Joseph Horne Company Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Pittsburgh By then, Burdines had grown into a full-fledged department store and continued expanding. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Burdines It was the first store to offer revolving credit and the first department store to use escalators. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Marshall Field's Well beyond Pittsburgh, Horne's became a part of popular culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Joseph Horne Company In 1879, he constructed a new central location at Penn Avenue and Stanwix Street in Downtown Pittsburgh, a seven-story landmark which was the first department store in the city's downtown. The building still stands to this day and several Horne's signs remains on the building as they do at the former Pittsburgh rival Kaufmann's on Smithfield Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Joseph Horne Company Schistocytes are typically irregularly shaped, jagged, and have two pointed ends. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Schistocyte Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Pittsburgh The greater number of points earned in games between the tied clubs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanley Cup playoffs At one point, the building was the largest department store in Pittsburgh with twelve retail floors, and spanning an entire downtown city block. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kaufmann's With this reorganization, the Filene's nameplate replaced the Hartford-based G. Fox & Co. in 1992 and Steiger's in 1994; the store assumed control of the Pittsburgh-based department store chain Kaufmann's in 2002. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Filene's A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prime number greater than 2 is prime because any such number can be expressed as the product --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prime number In 1879, he constructed a new central location at Penn Avenue and Stanwix Street in Downtown Pittsburgh, a seven-story landmark which was the first department store in the city's downtown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company Two years later, the Arkansas-based department store chain Dillard's and Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. agreed to acquire Horne's, with plans of combining it with another recent acquisition for Dillard's — the Ohio-based Higbee's store chain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company The store bore the Horne's name until August 29, 1994 when it became Lazarus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company Artist Andy Warhol worked at a Horne's location in the store's display department as a summer job in 1947.The television series Twin Peaks referenced a fictional Horne's store and owner, Ben Joseph Horne, which were inspired by the real Horne's. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company This was Horne's most notable appearance, as in addition to the location, the store's name appeared. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company Artist Andy Warhol worked at a Horne's location in the store's display department as a summer job in 1947.The television series Twin Peaks referenced a fictional Horne's store and owner, Ben Joseph Horne, which were inspired by the real Horne's. Series co-creator Mark Frost attended Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company The Pittsburgh flagship store was the site of the 1987 erotic thriller, Lady Beware, which starred Diane Lane as a window designer employed there. This was Horne's most notable appearance, as in addition to the location, the store's name appeared. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Joseph Horne Company Pittsburgh ranked 15th of the 69 places in the number of residents 25 years or older who completed a high school degree, at 84.7%.The metro area has shown greater residential racial integration during the last 30 years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pittsburgh Pittsburgh has the greatest number of bars per capita in the nation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pittsburgh At one point, the building was the largest department store in Pittsburgh with twelve retail floors, and spanning an entire downtown city block. It eventually reached 13 floors and covered 1.2 million square feet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kaufmann's In addition to the Great Northern, Ben owns and runs Horne's, the town's only department store, and One Eyed Jacks, a casino/brothel just over the Canada–United States border. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Benjamin Horne Filene's (originally Filene’s Sons and Co.) was an American department store chain; it was founded by William Filene in 1881. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filene's Jordan Marsh, another Boston-based department store chain acquired by Federated and replaced by Macy's --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filene's A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime number A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prime number In 1887, Harry Gordon Selfridge, (1858–1947), was appointed to lead the retail store and headed it as it evolved into a modern department store. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marshall Field's Among the "firsts" by Marshall Field's was the concept of the department store tea room. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marshall Field's Marshall Field's book department in the State Street store was legendary; it pioneered the concept of the "book signing." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marshall Field's As a result of ATP hydrolysis, filaments elongate approximately 10 times faster at their barbed ends than their pointed ends. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Microfilament Two years later, the Arkansas-based department store chain Dillard's and Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. agreed to acquire Horne's, with plans of combining it with another recent acquisition for Dillard's — the Ohio-based Higbee's store chain. The deal was canceled abruptly, resulting in several years of litigation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Joseph Horne Company The store had four entrances — two on Stanwix Street, and two on Penn Avenue and contained 630,000 square feet (59,000 m2) of selling space, making it the city's second largest department store. The store bore the Horne's name until August 29, 1994 when it became Lazarus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Joseph Horne Company This was Horne's most notable appearance, as in addition to the location, the store's name appeared. Diane Lane's character worked at Horne's proudly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Joseph Horne Company On February 7, 2015, a juvenile later identified as 17-year-old Tarod Thornhill entered the men's department on the lower level of Macy's department store about 7:30 p.m. and shot his intended target and two bystanders, leaving two with critical injuries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monroeville Mall Monroeville Mall's original anchor tenants at its opening in May 1969 were the Pittsburgh-based Joseph Horne Company, Gimbels, and JCPenney. A freestanding Montgomery Ward store would also arrive in the 1970s, however it would close by the mid-1980s as part of a restructuring plan at the time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Monroeville Mall It was Chabon's first novel, which he began writing as a 21-year-old undergraduate at the University of Pittsburgh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Mysteries of Pittsburgh In 1901 Rich's became a true department store when they divided like merchandise into separated sections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rich's (department store) The open-air mall shared space with the other major Atlanta department store, Davison's. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rich's (department store) By this time, Rich's was the leading regional department store in the country, though it remained largely unknown by the general public outside of Georgia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rich's (department store) As of 2015, Macy's was the largest U.S. department store company by retail sales. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Macy's This resulted in a round department store on 90 percent of the lot, with a small privately owned house on the corner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Macy's In mathematical writing, the greater-than sign is typically placed between two values being compared and signifies that the first number is greater than the second number. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater-than sign Pittsburgh's Wiz Khalifa is a recent artist to have a number one record. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pittsburgh The Pittsburgh Penguins presently acknowledge an affiliation with a number of inductees to the Hockey Hall of Fame. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pittsburgh Penguins The greater number of regulation wins only (used since the 2019–20 NHL season, reflected by the RW statistic). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanley Cup playoffs The greater number of goals for (used since the 2019–20 NHL season, reflected by the GF statistic). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanley Cup playoffs A prime number, often shortened to just prime, is an integer greater than 1 that is not the product of two smaller positive integers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Number William died in 1911, and his other son, Roddy, took over the chain. By then, Burdines had grown into a full-fledged department store and continued expanding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Burdines By then, Burdines had grown into a full-fledged department store and continued expanding. The land-boom of the 1920s helped the store launch its first branch in Miami Beach. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Burdines or with more pointed ends: used in gridiron footballThe precise shape and construction of footballs is typically specified as part of the rules and regulations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Football (ball) In the late 1920s, Edgar G. Kaufmann commissioned a redesign of the main floor of the department store. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's In the first half of the 20th century, the store was owned by Edgar J. Kaufmann. For a time Kaufmann's was the most prominent of seven department stores in downtown Pittsburgh which included: Kaufmann & Baer, founded by cousins of the original 'Kaufmann's' founders (became Gimbel Brothers in 1925); --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's For a time Kaufmann's was the most prominent of seven department stores in downtown Pittsburgh which included: Kaufmann & Baer, founded by cousins of the original 'Kaufmann's' founders (became Gimbel Brothers in 1925); Horne's; Boggs & Buhl; Frank & Seder's, Rosenbaum's, and Boggs & Buhl of Allegheny Center. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's Isaac, Ludwig and Nathan Kaufmann partnered with Morris and Julius Baer to start a new department store, Kaufmann & Baer Co.. They built the 13 story, 700,000 square foot building at the corner of Sixth and Smithfield in downtown Pittsburgh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's Local architect Benno Janssen and his partner William Cocken rose to the challenge to complete the project. At one point, the building was the largest department store in Pittsburgh with twelve retail floors, and spanning an entire downtown city block. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's With the expansion of the store in 1913, the current clock was installed. The clock is a Pittsburgh icon, and is often featured in visual materials representing and marketing the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kaufmann's Edward and Lincoln were two of the best known businessmen in America and were responsible for converting their father’s clothing store into one of the largest department stores in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filene's In 1908 Edward Filene opened the automatic bargain annex or Filene's Basement as a way to sell excess merchandise from the upstairs department store. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filene's By 1929 Filene’s expanded the main building, converting the block around Washington, Summer, Hawley and Franklin streets into one department store. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filene's Federated sold Filene's to The May Department Stores Company, and spun off Filene's Basement into a separate company, in 1988. With this reorganization, the Filene's nameplate replaced the Hartford-based G. Fox & Co. in 1992 and Steiger's in 1994; the store assumed control of the Pittsburgh-based department store chain Kaufmann's in 2002. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filene's These include Goldbach's conjecture, that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes, and the twin prime conjecture, that there are infinitely many pairs of primes having just one even number between them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number A natural number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc.) is called a prime number (or a prime) if it is greater than 1 and cannot be written as the product of two smaller natural numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number For example, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic would need to be rephrased in terms of factorizations into primes greater than 1, because every number would have multiple factorizations with different numbers of copies of 1. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1, involve 5 itself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number Chen's theorem says that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime (the product of two primes). Also, any even integer greater than 10 can be written as the sum of six primes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number Also, any even integer greater than 10 can be written as the sum of six primes. The branch of number theory studying such questions is called additive number theory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prime number Marshall Field's (officially Marshall Field & Company) was a department store in Chicago, Illinois, founded in the 19th century that grew to become a large chain before being acquired by Macy's, Inc in 2005. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshall Field's Meanwhile, the Singer company had speculatively built a new, even larger, six-story building on the ruins of their old 1873 store, which, after some contention, was personally bought by Field and Leiter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshall Field's In 2004 Target Corporation sold the Marshall Field's chain to May Co., thereby exiting the department store business entirely. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshall Field's With approximately two million square feet of available floor space, the building is the second-largest department store in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshall Field's It was the first store to offer revolving credit and the first department store to use escalators. Marshall Field's book department in the State Street store was legendary; it pioneered the concept of the "book signing." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshall Field's In 1891, at age 65, Horne sold the wholesale side of his company's operations to the Pittsburgh Dry Goods Company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company The building still stands to this day and several Horne's signs remains on the building as they do at the former Pittsburgh rival Kaufmann's on Smithfield Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company In 1994, Federated Department Stores acquired the remaining ten Horne's stores and merged them with its Lazarus division, completely ceasing all operations of any store under the Horne's name by August 29, 1994. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company Several years after the closing of the last Horne's stores, several signs remain at the historic downtown flagship store building, each bearing the Horne's name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company The Pittsburgh flagship store was the site of the 1987 erotic thriller, Lady Beware, which starred Diane Lane as a window designer employed there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company Soon, Joseph moved to the F.H. Eaton store, and became a partner. He bought the business in 1849, at age 23, renaming it The Joseph Horne Company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company The store bore the Horne's name until August 29, 1994 when it became Lazarus. Lazarus only remained in the building for one year before closing the store and building a new location on Fifth Avenue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company Horne's also appeared in movies, including the Monroeville Mall location, which was shown in George A. Romero's 1978 movie Dawn of the Dead. The Pittsburgh flagship store was the site of the 1987 erotic thriller, Lady Beware, which starred Diane Lane as a window designer employed there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Joseph Horne Company Monroeville Mall's original anchor tenants at its opening in May 1969 were the Pittsburgh-based Joseph Horne Company, Gimbels, and JCPenney. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monroeville Mall On Tuesday, May 13, 1969, the 1,130,000-square-foot (105,000 m2) Monroeville Mall opened its doors with Gimbels and Joseph Horne Co. at opposite ends and JCPenney in the middle. The five and dime G. C. Murphy store provided a lower-price alternative for shoppers on the lower level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monroeville Mall The court at the Horne's end of the mall had a large, circular fountain, surrounded by a seating area. The store selection in the mall ranged from high fashion to hardware. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monroeville Mall On February 7, 2015, a juvenile later identified as 17-year-old Tarod Thornhill entered the men's department on the lower level of Macy's department store about 7:30 p.m. and shot his intended target and two bystanders, leaving two with critical injuries. Victims were sent to nearby Forbes Hospital. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Monroeville Mall Southwest is currently the airport's largest carrier by number of passengers, and in 2021 a Southwest vice president reiterated that the airline was committed to Pittsburgh and considering expansion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh International Airport The renovation will eliminate the need for the tram and increase the number of parking spaces. Officials emphasized that the renovations would make the airport more suited to Pittsburgh, rather than to US Airways. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh International Airport Macy's (originally R. H. Macy & Co.) is an American department store chain founded in 1858 by Rowland Hussey Macy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Macy's It became a division of the Cincinnati-based Federated Department Stores in 1994, through which it is affiliated with the Bloomingdale's department store chain; the holding company was renamed Macy's, Inc. in 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Macy's Macy's announced it had sold the former flagship store of Kaufmann's in Downtown Pittsburgh for redevelopment, closing the location after 128 years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Macy's In February 2017, the Hudson's Bay Company made an overture to Macy's for a potential takeover of the struggling department store. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Macy's Pittsburgh's 116-year-old film industry accelerated after the 2006 passage of the Pennsylvania Film Production Tax Credit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh Pittsburgh ranked 15th of the 69 places in the number of residents 25 years or older who completed a high school degree, at 84.7%.The metro area has shown greater residential racial integration during the last 30 years. The 2010 census ranked 18 other U.S. metros as having greater black-white segregation, while 32 other U.S. metros rank higher for black-white isolation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh Before the 1890 season, almost all of the Alleghenys' best players bolted to the Players' League's Pittsburgh Burghers. The Players' League collapsed after the season, and the players were allowed to go back to their old clubs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh Pirates The NHL's Pittsburgh Pirates used old Pittsburgh Police uniforms, beginning the black and gold color tradition in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh Penguins In 1947 they opened a large three-story department store in Silver Spring, Maryland, just north of Washington, D.C. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hecht's It cost $6.5 million to construct the 300,000-square-foot (28,000 m2) store and it was the largest suburban department store on the east coast at that time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hecht's In 1970, the year they moved into Three Rivers Stadium and the year of the AFL–NFL merger, the Pittsburgh Steelers were one of three old-guard NFL teams to switch to the newly formed American Football Conference (the others being the Cleveland Browns and the Baltimore Colts), in order to equalize the number of teams in the two conferences of the newly merged league. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pittsburgh Steelers The greater number of regulation and overtime wins, excluding shootouts (used since the 2010–11 NHL season, reflected by the ROW statistic). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanley Cup playoffs If two clubs are tied, and have not played an equal number of home games against each other, the points earned and available in the first game played in the city of the club that had the greater number of home games in games between the two are not included. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanley Cup playoffs An even number is an integer that is "evenly divisible" by two, that is divisible by two without remainder; an odd number is an integer that is not even. (The old-fashioned term "evenly divisible" is now almost always shortened to "divisible".) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Number (The old-fashioned term "evenly divisible" is now almost always shortened to "divisible".) Any odd number n may be constructed by the formula n = 2k + 1, for a suitable integer k. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Number Palm Beach GardensIn 1971, the Burdines store in Dadeland Mall became the largest suburban department store south of New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Burdines In 2015, Macy's closed and sold the iconic Pittsburgh store for redevelopment as part of the company's ongoing reorganization of its owned properties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kaufmann's Kaufmann's was founded in Pittsburgh in 1871 by brothers Morris, Jacob, and Isaac Kaufmann as a small South Side men's store. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kaufmann's Isaac, Ludwig and Nathan Kaufmann partnered with Morris and Julius Baer to start a new department store, Kaufmann & Baer Co.. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kaufmann's Designed by architect Charles Bickel, the Kaufmann's flagship store was built in 1887 at 400 Fifth Avenue in downtown Pittsburgh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kaufmann's Following the purchase by Macy's in 2006, USA Today ran an article about the regional chains merging into Macy's which featured memories from Pittsburgh residents about the store and the clock: "As girls in their best dresses and Mary Jane shoes, they rode streetcars downtown to the 11-story Kaufmann's department store here. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kaufmann's Although William Filene is credited with creating Filene’s, it was his sons, Edward Filene and Abraham Lincoln Filene, who expanded the business greatly. Edward and Lincoln were two of the best known businessmen in America and were responsible for converting their father’s clothing store into one of the largest department stores in the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Filene's In 1908 Edward Filene opened the automatic bargain annex or Filene's Basement as a way to sell excess merchandise from the upstairs department store. He also developed an automatic mark-down schedule to reduce the price of merchandise, used thereafter for decades. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Filene's By 1929 Filene’s expanded the main building, converting the block around Washington, Summer, Hawley and Franklin streets into one department store. Filene's is also a founding member of the International Association of department stores in 1928, which is still active as of today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Filene's Several historical questions regarding prime numbers are still unsolved. These include Goldbach's conjecture, that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes, and the twin prime conjecture, that there are infinitely many pairs of primes having just one even number between them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Prime number A natural number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc.) is called a prime number (or a prime) if it is greater than 1 and cannot be written as the product of two smaller natural numbers. The numbers greater than 1 that are not prime are called composite numbers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Prime number In 2004 Target Corporation sold the Marshall Field's chain to May Co., thereby exiting the department store business entirely. It was hoped that aligning with the May Company instead of the discounter Target would "let Field's be Field's" and allow it to recapture its former cachet and upper-class customer base. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marshall Field's The building was designated a Chicago Landmark on November 1, 2005. With approximately two million square feet of available floor space, the building is the second-largest department store in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marshall Field's Among the "firsts" by Marshall Field's was the concept of the department store tea room. In the 19th century, ladies shopping downtown returned home for lunch; having lunch at a downtown restaurant unescorted by a gentleman was not considered ladylike. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marshall Field's The company was the first to introduce the concept of the personal shopper, and that service was provided without charge in every Field's store, right up to the chain's last days under the Marshall Field's name. It was the first store to offer revolving credit and the first department store to use escalators. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marshall Field's As a result of ATP hydrolysis, filaments elongate approximately 10 times faster at their barbed ends than their pointed ends. At steady-state, the polymerization rate at the barbed end matches the depolymerization rate at the pointed end, and microfilaments are said to be treadmilling. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Microfilament The family left its ancestral village in 1726, however it has continued to preserve its Maratha heritage. On special occasions, the Scindia family members still wear the Maratha style (Shineshahi pagdi) turban which uses 60 meters of Chanderi silk, with pointed ends. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jai Vilas Mahal On special occasions, the Scindia family members still wear the Maratha style (Shineshahi pagdi) turban which uses 60 meters of Chanderi silk, with pointed ends. An exhibit at the museam explains the intricate steps involved in wrapping the special turban. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jai Vilas Mahal He bought the business in 1849, at age 23, renaming it The Joseph Horne Company. He joined forces with Christian B. Shea and A. P. Burchfield, whose families intermarried and entered the business, and brought an elegance to this emporium that has never been equaled in Pittsburgh. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Joseph Horne Company In 1891, at age 65, Horne sold the wholesale side of his company's operations to the Pittsburgh Dry Goods Company. He married twice — first to Mary Elizabeth Shea, later to Emma Galway — and sired numerous children. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Joseph Horne Company Shea was involved with both halves of the family business — retail (Joseph Horne Co. Department Store) and wholesale (Pittsburgh Dry Goods Company). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Joseph Horne Company The Joseph Horne Company, owned by the New York City-based Associated Dry Goods Corporation, operated in Monroeville Mall until 1994. It would be renovated and expanded, utilizing the store's unused third floor, over the course of its operation through the years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Monroeville Mall A schistocyte or schizocyte (from Greek schistos for "divided" and kytos for "hollow" or "cell") is a fragmented part of a red blood cell. Schistocytes are typically irregularly shaped, jagged, and have two pointed ends. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Schistocyte Schistocytes are typically irregularly shaped, jagged, and have two pointed ends. Several microangiopathic diseases, including disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic microangiopathies, generate fibrin strands that sever red blood cells as they try to move past a thrombus, creating schistocytes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Schistocyte The university is the namesake of the Pittsburgh School, which was founded by Wilfrid Sellars, a significant figure in analytic philosophy. Current notable faculty in the philosophy department include John McDowell, Robert Brandom, and Nicholas Rescher. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Pittsburgh In 1987, with the financial backing of USAir (then the dominant carrier in Pittsburgh), work commenced on a billion-dollar expansion. On 1 October 1992, the new complex opened, with operations having been transferred overnight from the old terminal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh International Airport Riders had a bird's-eye view of the toy department below. In 1965, it was moved to the roof of the store where a second monorail was added and the duo became known as the Pink Pig Flyers (receiving the names of Priscilla and Percival in the 1970s). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rich's (department store) It became a division of the Cincinnati-based Federated Department Stores in 1994, through which it is affiliated with the Bloomingdale's department store chain; the holding company was renamed Macy's, Inc. in 2007. As of 2015, Macy's was the largest U.S. department store company by retail sales. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Macy's In the 1960s, Macy's built a store on Queens Boulevard in Elmhurst, in the New York City borough of Queens. This resulted in a round department store on 90 percent of the lot, with a small privately owned house on the corner. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Macy's Unrelated to the store closings, on July 13, 2015 Macy's announced it had sold the former flagship store of Kaufmann's in Downtown Pittsburgh for redevelopment, closing the location after 128 years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Macy's The widely adopted form of two equal-length strokes connecting in an acute angle at the right, >, has been found in documents dated as far back as the 1560s. In mathematical writing, the greater-than sign is typically placed between two values being compared and signifies that the first number is greater than the second number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater-than sign In mathematical writing, the greater-than sign is typically placed between two values being compared and signifies that the first number is greater than the second number. Examples of typical usage include 1.5 > 1 and 1 > −2. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater-than sign By 1815, Pittsburgh was producing significant quantities of iron, brass, tin, and glass. On March 18, 1816, the 46-year-old local government became a city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh The cost of a comprehensive flood control program for the region has been estimated at a prohibitive $50 billion. Pittsburgh has the greatest number of bars per capita in the nation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh Ellsworth has a number of restaurants such as Stack’d, Umi, Con Alma, Senyai Thai and Soba. Ellsworth also features two of Pittsburgh's gay and gay friendly bars, Element and 5801. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Shadyside (Pittsburgh) Along with the league-wide retired number of 42, there are nine retired Pirates jersey numbers to date. As of June 12, 2019, Bill Mazeroski is the lone survivor of the Pittsburgh Pirates whose numbers are retired. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh Pirates The NHL's Pittsburgh Pirates used old Pittsburgh Police uniforms, beginning the black and gold color tradition in the city. This remained unchanged until the 1992–93 season, when the team unveiled new uniforms and introduced the "flying penguin" logo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh Penguins The Pittsburgh Penguins presently acknowledge an affiliation with a number of inductees to the Hockey Hall of Fame. Inductees affiliated with the Penguins include 14 former players and five builders of the sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pittsburgh Penguins In 1947 they opened a large three-story department store in Silver Spring, Maryland, just north of Washington, D.C. The wisdom of this move was initially questioned; however, within a few years, more room was needed, and a fourth story was added to the building. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hecht's All measurements are, by their nature, approximations, and always have a margin of error. Thus 123.456 is considered an approximation of any real number greater or equal to 1234555/10000 and strictly less than 1234565/10000 (rounding to 3 decimals), or of any real number greater or equal to 123456/1000 and strictly less than 123457/1000 (truncation after the 3. decimal). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Number Thus 123.456 is considered an approximation of any real number greater or equal to 1234555/10000 and strictly less than 1234565/10000 (rounding to 3 decimals), or of any real number greater or equal to 123456/1000 and strictly less than 123457/1000 (truncation after the 3. decimal). Digits that suggest a greater accuracy than the measurement itself does, should be removed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Number A prime number, often shortened to just prime, is an integer greater than 1 that is not the product of two smaller positive integers. The first few prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Number Burdines (English: } bur-DYNZ) was an American chain of department stores operating in the state of Florida, headquartered in Miami. The original store opened in Bartow, Florida in 1896 as a carriage-trade shop. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Burdines In 1913, Morris Kaufmann and his son Edgar bought out the other family members and incorporated Kaufmanns. Isaac, Ludwig and Nathan Kaufmann partnered with Morris and Julius Baer to start a new department store, Kaufmann & Baer Co.. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kaufmann's They built the 13 story, 700,000 square foot building at the corner of Sixth and Smithfield in downtown Pittsburgh. The store opened on March 18, 1914, advertising that there was "no connection with any other store". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kaufmann's In the late 1920s, Edgar G. Kaufmann commissioned a redesign of the main floor of the department store. Local architect Benno Janssen and his partner William Cocken rose to the challenge to complete the project. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kaufmann's
22220.	Q: Is the Civil War Monument soldier in Woodstock, Vermont wearing the same uniform as Peter T. Washburn wore? Title = Civil War Memorial in Tribou Park, Woodstock, Vermont Description = Title = Peter T Washburn Description = A: No Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Burlington, Vermont, Governor Washburn, 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment, 2022 United States Senate election in Vermont, Uniform module, Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis), Chris Washburn, Military uniform, 2022 Vermont gubernatorial election, Civil War Unknowns Monument, Woonsocket Civil War Monument, List of towns in Vermont, University of Vermont, Woodstock School, 1870 Vermont gubernatorial election, Woodstock (disambiguation), Peter T. Washburn, Uniforms of the British Army, Woodstock, Vermont, Uniforms of the United States Army, Uniforms of the United States Navy, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Brattleboro, Vermont, Vermont National Guard, 1869 Vermont gubernatorial election, Woodstock 50, Woodstock (song), Vermont Republic, Barre, Vermont, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, Woodstock, Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland), Civil War Monument (Denver), Woodstock (Peanuts), Montpelier, Vermont, Vermont, Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945), Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Woodstock (film), Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington), Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia), Woodstock '99, Ann Eliza Smith, Woodstock '94, Star Trek uniforms, Full dress uniform, George Whitman Hendee, Uniform space, Army Service Uniform, Woodstock, New York Toggle details	Militia Captain Peter T. Washburn of Woodstock, later Adjutant General and Governor of Vermont, was appointed lieutenant colonel. --- (0.28, 0.0, 0.28) 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment During the Civil War era, army uniforms were relatively simple. Typically, the same uniform served as a garrison uniform and as a combat uniform. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Army Service Uniform The monument is made out of granite and is topped with a statue of a Civil War soldier. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Woonsocket Civil War Monument Peter Thacher Washburn (September 7, 1814 – February 7, 1870) was a Vermont lawyer, politician and soldier. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Peter T. Washburn The memorial is also known as the Civil War Memorial, Soldier's Monument, and Civil War Soldier. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Civil War Monument (Denver) Originally known as the Confederate Monument, it was dedicated in 1875 to honor Confederate soldiers who died during the Civil War. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) In 1861, Washburn's unit was mustered into federal service for the American Civil War as Company B, 1st Vermont Infantry. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Peter T. Washburn Women's Monument to those who kept up the responsibilities of farms and businesses during the Civil War (1904) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of Confederate monuments and memorials During the Civil War Peter T. Washburn, Baxter's successor, earned accolades for bringing order to the process of recruiting, equipping, training and transporting recruits for the Union Army, working with Norwich University to develop a process that was later adopted by other Union states. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Vermont National Guard He particularly thanked Vermont veterans of the Civil War for their performance at the Battle of Cedar Creek. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Montpelier, Vermont The Woonsocket Civil War Monument is a historic site at Monument Square in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Woonsocket Civil War Monument A Civil War bugler stands in uniform holding a bugle to his mouth with his proper right hand. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) List of Confederate monuments and memorials During the American Civil War, Vermont sent 33,288 men into United States service. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Vermont Washburn, who served as governor from 1869 until his death in 1870, had served in the Union Army early in the Civil War, and then spent the rest of the conflict as Adjutant General of the Vermont Militia. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Ann Eliza Smith Militia Captain Peter T. Washburn of Woodstock, later Adjutant General and Governor of Vermont, was appointed lieutenant colonel. Among the officers was future Governor Roswell Farnham and future Medal of Honor recipient William Y. W. Ripley. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment The beginnings of uniform are therefore to be found in truly national armies, in the Indelta of Gustavus Adolphus, and the English armies of the English Civil War. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Military uniform The Civil War Unknowns Monument is a burial vault and memorial honoring unidentified dead from the American Civil War. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Civil War Unknowns Monument The monument is made out of granite and is topped with a statue of a Civil War soldier. The names of the battles in which Woonsocket soldiers fought are inscribed on the monument. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Woonsocket Civil War Monument In keeping with the "Mountain Rule", incumbent Republican George W. Hendee, who had succeeded to the governorship at the death of Peter T. Washburn, did not run for election to a full term as Governor of Vermont. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 1870 Vermont gubernatorial election A veteran of the American Civil War, he was elected Governor of Vermont as a Republican in 1869, and was the first Vermont Governor to die in office. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Peter T. Washburn Frederick Holbrook (1813–1909) was an agriculturist, politician, and the 27th Governor of Vermont during the Civil War. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Brattleboro, Vermont Republican candidate Peter T. Washburn, who had served in the Vermont House of Representatives and as Adjutant General of the Vermont Militia, defeated Democratic candidate Homer W. Heaton, a former member of the Vermont House, to succeed him. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 1869 Vermont gubernatorial election In 1870, Governor Peter T. Washburn, who had served as adjutant general of the Vermont Militia during the war, recognized her efforts and presented her with an honorary commission as a lieutenant colonel on his military staff. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ann Eliza Smith The Civil War Monument was a statue of a Civil War cavalryman by Jack Howland, installed outside the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Civil War Monument (Denver) On February 7, 1870, Governor Peter T. Washburn died; Hendee succeeded to the governorship, and his oath of office was administered by Justice Benjamin H. Steele of the Vermont Supreme Court. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) George Whitman Hendee Typically, the same uniform served as a garrison uniform and as a combat uniform. Combat soldiers in the American Civil War wore a standard dark blue coat, just like personnel in garrisons or in army offices and headquarters. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Army Service Uniform The Civil War Unknowns Monument was the inspiration for Montgomery Meigs' own tomb, also located at Arlington National Cemetery. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Civil War Unknowns Monument He represented Woodstock in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1853 to 1855. Washburn was also involved in civic causes, including becoming active in the temperance movement. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Peter T. Washburn A Civil War bugler stands in uniform holding a bugle to his mouth with his proper right hand. He holds a sword in his proper left hand at his side. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of Confederate monuments and memorials After the Civil War, successive Vermont Adjutants General initiated efforts to obtain benefits for Vermont's Civil War veterans, including establishment of the Vermont Soldiers' Home. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Vermont National Guard Kent County Civil War Monument, Grand Rapids, American (White) Bronze Company 1885 --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials The memorial is also known as the Civil War Memorial, Soldier's Monument, and Civil War Soldier. The work was dedicated on July 24, 1909 after being cast by the Bureau Brothers. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Civil War Monument (Denver) He developed as a national leader and later promoted Radical Republican goals after the American Civil War. While the Whig Party shriveled, and the Republican Party emerged, Vermont supported Republican candidates. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Vermont This included the relocation of the two busts to Laurel Grove Cemetery and renaming the monument from "Confederate Monument" to "Civil War Memorial". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) Typically, the same uniform served as a garrison uniform and as a combat uniform. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Army Service Uniform The 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment was a three months' infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment K – RutlandCaptain John W. Phelps, of Brattleboro, an 1836 graduate of the United States Military Academy, and a 23-year veteran of the regular army, was chosen to command the regiment and commissioned as a colonel. Militia Captain Peter T. Washburn of Woodstock, later Adjutant General and Governor of Vermont, was appointed lieutenant colonel. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment The Woonsocket Civil War Monument is a historic site at Monument Square in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. It was built to memorialize thirty-nine fallen soldiers from Woonsocket who took part in the Civil War. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Woonsocket Civil War Monument Built in 1868 by James G. Batterson, this Civil War memorial was the first Civil War monument constructed in Rhode Island. The monument is made out of granite and is topped with a statue of a Civil War soldier. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Woonsocket Civil War Monument The 1870 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on September 6, 1870. In keeping with the "Mountain Rule", incumbent Republican George W. Hendee, who had succeeded to the governorship at the death of Peter T. Washburn, did not run for election to a full term as Governor of Vermont. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1870 Vermont gubernatorial election In addition to pursuing a political career, Washburn was active in the Vermont Militia; he was commander of a regiment with the rank of colonel in the late 1830s and early 1840s, and organized a company in anticipation of the American Civil War, which he commanded as a captain. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Peter T. Washburn Washburn had served as colonel of a Vermont militia regiment from 1837 until 1841, and in 1857 he organized the Woodstock Light Infantry company, which he commanded as a captain. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Peter T. Washburn Washburn died in Woodstock on February 7, 1870. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Peter T. Washburn Nevertheless, monuments and memorials continued to be dedicated shortly after the American Civil War. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Corsicana: Call to Arms (Confederate Soldiers' Monument), by Louis Amateis (1907), Navarro County Courthouse. A Civil War bugler stands in uniform holding a bugle to his mouth with his proper right hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Kinsley Civil War Monument, in Hillside Cemetery, Kinsley, Kansas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Edwards County --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials There is also a monument to him and another monument to Union Civil War soldiers fighting for him. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials The oldest surviving memorial to the Civil War, 1862. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials The Civil War Monument was a statue of a Civil War cavalryman by Jack Howland, installed outside the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. The memorial is also known as the Civil War Memorial, Soldier's Monument, and Civil War Soldier. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Civil War Monument (Denver) He particularly thanked Vermont veterans of the Civil War for their performance at the Battle of Cedar Creek. In 1875, a large fire destroyed many downtown buildings. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Montpelier, Vermont During the American Civil War, Vermont sent 33,288 men into United States service. 5,224 Vermonters (more than 15 percent) were killed. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Vermont Two additional statues honoring notable Confederate army officers surround the monument, which is protected by a fence. Originally known as the Confederate Monument, it was dedicated in 1875 to honor Confederate soldiers who died during the Civil War. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) In keeping with the "Mountain Rule", incumbent Republican George W. Hendee, who had succeeded to the governorship at the death of Peter T. Washburn, did not run for election to a full term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate John W. Stewart defeated Democratic candidate Homer W. Heaton to succeed Hendee. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 1870 Vermont gubernatorial election Washburn was a native of Lynn, Massachusetts, and was raised in Ludlow, Vermont. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Peter T. Washburn He represented Woodstock in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1853 to 1855. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Peter T. Washburn "Working grays" were the same uniform worn without the jacket and tie. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Uniforms of the United States Navy Other Confederate monuments are located on Civil War battlefields. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Erected in 1877–1878 to commemorate the naval deaths at sea during the Civil War. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The "Rebel" nickname remained, but other ties to the Civil War disappeared. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of Confederate monuments and memorials H. H. Baxter, Vermont's adjutant general in the late 1850s and early 1860s, was commended for taking measures to prepare the militia for mobilization in anticipation of the Civil War. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Vermont National Guard There is also a monument to him and another monument to Union Civil War soldiers fighting for him. The monument was erected in 1917. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials It sent a significant contingent of soldiers to participate in the American Civil War. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Vermont Abolitionist Thaddeus Stevens was born in Vermont and later represented a district in Pennsylvania in Congress. He developed as a national leader and later promoted Radical Republican goals after the American Civil War. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Vermont Throughout the series, men and women wear the same type of uniform. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Star Trek uniforms During the Civil War Hendee served as a deputy provost marshal. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) George Whitman Hendee On February 7, 1870, Governor Peter T. Washburn died; Hendee succeeded to the governorship, and his oath of office was administered by Justice Benjamin H. Steele of the Vermont Supreme Court. He completed the remainder of Washburn's term, which ended on October 3, 1870, but did not run for a full term in 1870. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) George Whitman Hendee During the Civil War era, army uniforms were relatively simple. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Army Service Uniform The 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment was a three months' infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the eastern theater, in and around Fortress Monroe, Virginia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment In particular, M and its injective hull E(M) always have the same uniform dimension. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniform module Many times after the Civil War suggestions were made to build a monument honoring Indiana's Civil War veterans. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In 1918 a museum opened in the basement of the monument with equipment and artifacts from the Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) There is a popular myth that the historic red coat of the English soldier was adopted for the same reason (in fact, blood does show as a dark stain on red clothing and the British red coat originated as a historical accident, possibly as a result of the relative cheapness of madder red dyes at the time of the English Civil War in the mid-17th century). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Military uniform But uniformity of clothing was not to be expected so long as the "enlistment" system prevailed and soldiers were taken in and dismissed at the beginning and end of every campaign. The beginnings of uniform are therefore to be found in truly national armies, in the Indelta of Gustavus Adolphus, and the English armies of the English Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Military uniform Arlington Estate's history changed forever with the outbreak of the American Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civil War Unknowns Monument That year, Meigs decided to build a monument to Civil War dead in the center of "the Grove". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civil War Unknowns Monument It was built to memorialize thirty-nine fallen soldiers from Woonsocket who took part in the Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Woonsocket Civil War Monument From 1840 to 1842, Washburn served as Assistant Clerk of the Vermont House of Representatives. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Peter T. Washburn From 1840 to 1842, Washburn served as Assistant Clerk of the Vermont House of Representatives. In 1844, Washburn moved to Woodstock and formed a partnership with Charles P. Marsh, which they maintained until Washburn's death in 1870. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Peter T. Washburn Prior to the English Civil War of 1642–51 the only significant instances of uniform dress in British military culture occurred in small bodyguard units, notably the Yeoman of the Guard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uniforms of the British Army Woodstock is crossed by U.S. Route 4, Vermont Route 12 and Vermont Route 106. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Woodstock, Vermont The idea that the soldier statues always faced north was found to be untrue and that the soldiers usually faced the same direction as the courthouse. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Peace Monument, also known as the Naval Monument or Civil War Sailors Monument, stands on the grounds of the United States Capitol in Peace Circle at First Street, N.W., and Pennsylvania Avenue. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials It honors him for specific reasons, including his role in promoting peace and reunion after the Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The memorial and the cemetery are along the Florida Civil War Heritage Trail. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The current state flag started appearing after the Civil War as a form of reconciliation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials White Settlement: Texas Civil War Museum, opened 2006. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Frederick Holbrook (1813–1909) was an agriculturist, politician, and the 27th Governor of Vermont during the Civil War. The Deacon John Holbrook House, built in 1825 by Governor Holbrook's father, John Holbrook still stands at 80 Linden Street. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Brattleboro, Vermont During the Civil War, the Vermont militia was formed into the 1st Vermont Brigade and 2nd Vermont Brigade and served most notably in the battles of Gettysburg (July 1863), Wilderness (May 1864), and Cedar Creek (October 1864). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont National Guard Vermont National Guard units were deployed to Germany during the Korean War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont National Guard In 1898 the 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment mustered there for the Spanish–American War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont National Guard This is a list of American Civil War monuments and memorials associated with the Union. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Erected by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War, Department of California. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Corydon: Corydon Battle Site is a memorial to both sides that fought in the Civil War Battle of Corydon. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Baxter Springs Civil War Monument erected in 1886 after Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) post collected more than 7,000 signatures from former soldiers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Dayton Memorial Hall, which commemorates the Civil War as well as other wars --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Colored Soldiers Monument, Frankfort's Green Hill Cemetery. One of the relatively few monuments to black soldiers that participated in the American Civil War, 1924. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Their manager Peter Grant stated: "I said no because at Woodstock we'd have just been another band on the bill." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Woodstock The Cuyahoga County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument is a major Civil War monument in Cleveland, Ohio, honoring the more than 9,000 individuals from Cuyahoga County who served the Union throughout the war. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) It was designed by architect and Civil War veteran Levi Scofield, who also created the monument's sculptures. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Prominent Civil War historian James McPherson spoke at the event. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) As part of the original designs of the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Monument, the flower beds surrounding the structure were decorated with the insignias of the corps badges used throughout the Civil War, as well as various other military imagery. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Woodstock's bird friends are the same species, so they are all bad flyers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Woodstock (Peanuts) He developed as a national leader and later promoted Radical Republican goals after the American Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont In September 2009, Vermont became the fourth state in which same-sex couples could marry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont In 1860 it voted for Abraham Lincoln, giving him the largest margin of victory of any state. During the American Civil War, Vermont sent 33,288 men into United States service. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vermont At least one unknown soldier has been identified by DNA analysis. This was an airman from the Vietnam War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier The Civil War Memorial in Savannah, Georgia is a monument honoring soldiers who died during the American Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) Originally known as the Confederate Monument, it was dedicated in 1875 to honor Confederate soldiers who died during the Civil War. Following the Unite the Right rally (in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017), the city of Savannah renamed and rededicated the structure in 2018. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) On February 14, these recommendations were adopted by the city council. This included the relocation of the two busts to Laurel Grove Cemetery and renaming the monument from "Confederate Monument" to "Civil War Memorial". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) In 1842, she married J. Gregory Smith, who served as Governor during the Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ann Eliza Smith Peter Gabriel headlined the North Stage on the last night and closed Woodstock '94. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Woodstock '94 Enlisted trainees wear the same uniform, except with a red undershirt instead of a black one. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Star Trek uniforms The mess dress uniform is basically the same for the three branches of the armed forces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform The air force uniform is of the same design, but medium blue. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Full dress uniform Hendee served as State's Attorney for Lamoille County in 1858 and 1859, and as member of the Vermont House of Representatives in 1861 and 1862. During the Civil War Hendee served as a deputy provost marshal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) George Whitman Hendee Brewster also designed the third astragal with the dates 1861 and 1865, the Civil War's beginning and ending dates. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) It was reinstalled on the southeast side of the monument, around 1899, to represent Indiana's role in American Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The monument also houses the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum and a gift shop. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The Imperial Guard Division had a light grey uniform with the same branch colours as the line. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Military uniform The dress uniform for officers is of the same distinctive blue/green colour as "Tsar's green", worn until 1914. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Military uniform The University of Vermont was founded as a private university in 1791, the same year Vermont became the 14th U.S. state. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Vermont In 1844, Washburn moved to Woodstock and formed a partnership with Charles P. Marsh, which they maintained until Washburn's death in 1870. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peter T. Washburn Also in 1844, Washburn was elected reporter of decisions of the Vermont Supreme Court, a position he held for eight years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peter T. Washburn In addition to resuming his law practice, Washburn was an organizer of the Woodstock Railroad Company, of which he was elected president. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peter T. Washburn In 1839, Washburn was married to Almira E. Ferris (1816-1848) of Swanton, Vermont. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Peter T. Washburn As a rule, the same basic design and colour of uniform is worn by all ranks of the same regiment (albeit often with increased embellishment for higher ranks). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the British Army Woodstock is the shire town (county seat) of Windsor County, Vermont, United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock, Vermont Vermont Translines operates a daily intercity bus route between Rutland and Lebanon, stopping in Woodstock along the way. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock, Vermont First Congregational Church of Woodstock, Vermont, the historic church of Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock, Vermont The Ottauquechee River flows through the town. Woodstock is crossed by U.S. Route 4, Vermont Route 12 and Vermont Route 106. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock, Vermont The original Revolutionary War enlisted uniform jacket was dark blue with state-specific facing colors. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Army 1957: Women's army blue uniform same cut as 1951 Taupe-121 uniform. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Army 1962: Women's army blue same as army green uniform, with new service hat. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Army Before World War II, the band's uniform was a grey variation of the standard dress blue uniform. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Army The white mess uniform is similar, but features a white mess jacket and black high-waisted trousers instead. The trousers are the same for all ranks. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Army The initial uniform pattern was the same as the officers' service dress white uniform tunic and trousers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Navy During World War II and the Korean War, ribbons were also authorized with this uniform, making it a de facto "service uniform" or "liberty uniform," authorized for wear off base. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniforms of the United States Navy " They were erected without the consent or even input of Southern African Americans, who remembered the Civil War far differently, and who had no interest in honoring those who fought to keep them enslaved. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Another wave of monument construction coincided with the Civil Rights Movement and the American Civil War Centennial. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The northern states that remained part of the Union, and the western states that were largely settled after the Civil War, have few or no memorials to the Confederacy. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Monument consists of a statue of a single Confederate soldier and a roster of the men who served in the Jackson Guards and the slaves who supported them. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Corydon: Corydon Battle Site is a memorial to both sides that fought in the Battle of Corydon, the only Civil War battle in Indiana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Now it holds battle reenactments and demonstrations of Civil War era Confederate life at its annual Civil War Weekend. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials According to the UDC it holds a collection of artifacts from Civil War soldiers of Columbus and Colorado County. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Peace Monument, also known as the Naval Monument or Civil War Sailors Monument, stands on the grounds of the United States Capitol in Peace Circle at First Street, N.W., and Pennsylvania Avenue. Erected in 1877–1878 to commemorate the naval deaths at sea during the Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The current state flag started appearing after the Civil War as a form of reconciliation. The flag became official in 1904. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Miss Southern Belle became Tascosa Belle. The "Rebel" nickname remained, but other ties to the Civil War disappeared. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Tony Blackburn, who had the breakfast show on Radio 1, played 'Woodstock' and kept playing it and other DJs started doing the same." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock (song) The settlers in Vermont, who sought independence from New York, justified their constitution on the same basis as the first state constitutions of the former colonies: authority is derived from the people. As historian Christian Fritz notes in American Sovereigns: The People and America's Constitutional Tradition before the Civil War: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Vermont Republic According to Kansas Civil War Monuments and Memorials, there are 105 counties in Kansas most have a monument to Union soldiers of the Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Many were funded by GAR posts or Sons of Union Civil War Veterans, today the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials One of the relatively few monuments to black soldiers that participated in the American Civil War, 1924. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Maj. Gen. James G. Blunt during Civil War 1862. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Daughters of Union Veterans Civil War Memorial, City View Cemetery, Salem --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials American Civil War Memorial, in Old Calton Burial Ground, in Edinburgh, Scotland --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials This is a list of American Civil War monuments and memorials associated with the Union. Monuments and memorials are listed below alphabetically by state. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials McPherson, Kansas and McPherson County are named after Union General James McPherson. There is also a monument to him and another monument to Union Civil War soldiers fighting for him. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Led Zeppelin were asked to perform. Their manager Peter Grant stated: "I said no because at Woodstock we'd have just been another band on the bill." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock As did Civil War veteran, current Ohio governor, and future president William McKinley. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The bronze panels include life-size depictions of allegorical scenes relating to the Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The bronze medallions are affixed to the inner wall above the bronze panels and depict notable Ohioans associated with the Civil War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) As this work progressed, Elizabeth Scofield, the wife of Levi T. Scofield, was tasked with compiling the names of the veterans who would be honored in marble. Due to the fact that the State of Ohio did not complete its official roster of Civil War veterans until the mid 1890s, the names of those who served from the county had to be obtained manually. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Woodstock's bird friends are the same species, so they are all bad flyers. Once, Woodstock and his bird friends wanted to go hiking to the summit of "Point Lobos". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Woodstock (Peanuts) In 2009, Vermont became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage, unforced by court challenge or ruling. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Vermont The number of cattle in Vermont had declined by 40%; however, milk production has doubled in the same period due to tripling the production per cow. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Vermont The Civil War Memorial in Savannah, Georgia is a monument honoring soldiers who died during the American Civil War. Located in Forsyth Park, it consists of a 48 foot (15 m) tall shaft topped with a bronze statue of a Confederate soldier. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) During the Civil War, she coordinated a response to the Confederate raid on St. Albans on October 19, 1864. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ann Eliza Smith " I raised my eyes in astonishment claiming solemnly, "My God, is this a military Station. War in northern Vermont. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ann Eliza Smith Headgear worn is the beret. The air force uniform is of the same design, but medium blue. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Full dress uniform However, different metric spaces can have the same uniform structure (trivial example is provided by a constant multiple of a metric). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uniform space The town was organized in 1785.The War of 1812 was unpopular in Vermont and New England, which had numerous trading ties with Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Burlington, Vermont On September 5, 1901, Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt spoke to a Civil War fraternal group in Burlington. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Burlington, Vermont Peter Welch, member of the US House of Representatives from Vermont’s at large congressional district (2007-present) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 United States Senate election in Vermont In 1918 a museum opened in the basement of the monument with equipment and artifacts from the Civil War. Floodlights were added to the monument's surrounding candelabra in 1928. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The staircase contains 331 steps. The monument also houses the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum and a gift shop. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The monument also houses the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum and a gift shop. In 2019, 369,104 guests visited the monument. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) It should, however, be remembered that a soldier had to march, parade, fight and sometimes sleep in the same garment and that such extras as greatcoats or working clothes were seldom issued until the end of the century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Military uniform This and other features of the historic Prussian Army uniform were generally adopted by the other German States as they fell under Prussian influence before and after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Military uniform The dress uniform for officers is of the same distinctive blue/green colour as "Tsar's green", worn until 1914. The Kremlin Regiment has in recent years been issued with a special ceremonial uniform which closely resembles that of the infantry regiments of the Imperial Guard immediately prior to the First World War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Military uniform Built in 1868 by James G. Batterson, this Civil War memorial was the first Civil War monument constructed in Rhode Island. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Woonsocket Civil War Monument Washburn's company was federalized in 1861 as part of the 1st Vermont Infantry; he was commissioned as the regiment's lieutenant colonel and second-in-command. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peter T. Washburn Washburn also took charge of Vermont's response following the October 1864 St. Albans Raid by Confederate soldiers based in Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peter T. Washburn Washburn was a native of Lynn, Massachusetts, and was raised in Ludlow, Vermont. he graduated from Dartmouth College in 1835, and taught school while studying law. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peter T. Washburn Washburn was one of the organizers of the Reunion Society of Vermont Officers and delivered the keynote address at the society's 1868 annual meeting. In addition to resuming his law practice, Washburn was an organizer of the Woodstock Railroad Company, of which he was elected president. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peter T. Washburn In addition to resuming his law practice, Washburn was an organizer of the Woodstock Railroad Company, of which he was elected president. He also served on the board of directors for the Rutland and Woodstock Railroad. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Peter T. Washburn The Army has a tradition of blue uniforms dating to the Revolutionary War, and the blue uniform returns to its previous position as a formal dress and ceremonial uniform. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniforms of the United States Army According to Civil War historian Judith Giesberg, professor of history at Villanova University, "White supremacy is really what these statues represent. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Liberty ship #8, named for Jefferson DavisSeveral ships named for Confederate leaders fell into Union hands during the Civil War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials An August 2017 meeting of the Florida League of Mayors was devoted to the topic of what to do with Civil War monuments. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Civil War Memorial in memory of the three thousand Confederate soldiers of Lincoln County (1906) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Mount Olivet Cemetery had a burial and memorial area established by a ladies group shortly after the Civil War which became known as Confederate Circle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Corydon: Corydon Battle Site is a memorial to both sides that fought in the Battle of Corydon, the only Civil War battle in Indiana. It contains Corydon's Civil War Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Confederate monuments and memorials However, Vermonters were also willing to work with the British colonies when it suited them, and several early Vermont settlers served as militia in the French and Indian War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard In Vermont's pre-Revolutionary War days, the legislature or committee of safety would generally call out the militia as needed, its members would elect their leaders, and the legislature or committee of safety would confirm them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard The Vermont adjutant general's office was marked in the 1820s and 1830s by efforts to reenergize the militia after interest started to lapse following the War of 1812. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard In the late 1890s, the Adjutant General of Vermont was responsible for preparing Vermont units to take part in the Spanish–American War (1898). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard During World War I (1917–1918), Vermont National Guard units served with the 26th Infantry Division (a.k.a. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard During World War II (1941–1945), Vermont National Guard units served with the 43rd Infantry Division (a.k.a. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard Campbell also received credit for successfully deploying the Vermont National Guard during the Korean War, organizing the Vermont Air National Guard, modernizing armories, and converting Vermont units from Infantry to Armor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard In 1898 the 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment mustered there for the Spanish–American War. In 1900 the Vermont National Guard took possession. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont National Guard Civil War Monuments in Washington, D.C., includes monuments to 16 Union generals, admirals and others --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials U Street (WMATA station), which contains "African-American Civil War Memorial/Cardozo" in its subtitle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Grant County, Kansas is a county in Kansas named after Ulysses S. Grant, commanding general of Union Army during the Civil War, 1888 --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Cattaraugus County Civil War Memorial and Historical Building, Little Valley, NY (1914) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Many were funded by GAR posts or Sons of Union Civil War Veterans, today the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War. Monuments and memorials in Kansas include: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Fort Blunt: abandoned old Fort Gibson, renamed for Maj. Gen. James G. Blunt during Civil War 1862. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials On October 22, 1879, a meeting of Civil War veterans took place in Cleveland, wherein an idea to build a monument was proposed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Due to the fact that the State of Ohio did not complete its official roster of Civil War veterans until the mid 1890s, the names of those who served from the county had to be obtained manually. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Above the bronze panels on the inner walls are a series of medallions which depict notable military figures from throughout the Civil War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) It was designed by architect and Civil War veteran Levi Scofield, who also created the monument's sculptures. The monument is regularly open to the public, free of charge. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Ten thousand people turned out to greet Major General Philip Sheridan when he visited to address the fourth annual meeting of Vermont former Union officers. He particularly thanked Vermont veterans of the Civil War for their performance at the Battle of Cedar Creek. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Montpelier, Vermont During the mid-19th century, Vermont was a strong source of abolitionist sentiment, although it was also tied to King Cotton through the development of textile mills in the region, which relied on southern cotton. It sent a significant contingent of soldiers to participate in the American Civil War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont The number of cattle in Vermont had declined by 40%; however, milk production has doubled in the same period due to tripling the production per cow. While milk production rose, Vermont's market share declined. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vermont Following World War I, a movement arose to commemorate these soldiers with a single tomb, containing the body of one such unidentified soldier. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier In 1963, a regulation was enacted that allowed the badge to be worn as a permanent part of the military uniform, even after the soldier's completion of duty at the Tomb of the Unknowns. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) A bronze plaque was also to be added that would read, “This memorial was originally erected in 1875 to the Confederate dead, redesigned in 1879, and rededicated in 2018 to all the dead of the American Civil War.”On --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) On the afternoon of October 19, 1864, the northernmost land event of the Civil War occurred, the St. Albans Raid. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ann Eliza Smith Under Washburn's direction, units of the militia had attempted to pursue the Confederate raiders, and later patrolled the border with Canada to ensure there were no further efforts to conduct Confederate activities in Vermont. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ann Eliza Smith Unlike the previous uniform, it was the same color regardless of the wearer's division, save for colored bands on the lower sleeves like the standard uniform. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Star Trek uniforms Captains also had the option of a more casual uniform vest of the same basic design, though the violet-gray extended much lower. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Star Trek uniforms Enlisted trainees wear the same uniform, except with a red undershirt instead of a black one. (Star Trek II). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Star Trek uniforms Some military units, including the Chacabuco and Rancagua regiments, wear a uniform from the War of the Pacific during parades, with kepis as headdress. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform The ground forces uniform is dark green, with a single-breasted, three-buttoned jacket and tie of the same colour. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Full dress uniform If the family of pseudometrics is finite, it can be seen that the same uniform structure is defined by a single pseudometric, namely the upper envelope sup fi of the family. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Uniform space Because of the widespread use of army surplus clothing after World War II, a fresh, distinct uniform was seen as needed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Army Service Uniform In January 2013, Vermont governor Peter Shumlin proposed extending the Ethan Allen Express from Rutland, Vermont, to Burlington's Union Station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Burlington, Vermont As Indianapolis grew and developed during and after the Civil War, the area became a popular meeting place for mass gatherings, public rallies, and celebrations of wartime victories. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The park remained vacant until 1884, when a bronze statue of Oliver P. Morton, Indiana's Civil War-era governor, was erected at its center. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The Army, Navy, and Air Force basically have the same regulations for the uniform, but differ in terms of color and certain designs which represent their respective branches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform The Kremlin Regiment has in recent years been issued with a special ceremonial uniform which closely resembles that of the infantry regiments of the Imperial Guard immediately prior to the First World War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform Aside from ABUs, the most common uniform to be worn would be dress blues, which incorporate a light navy blue for bottoms, and the same shade to match the top jacket. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform The Imperial Guard Division had a light grey uniform with the same branch colours as the line. A khaki summer uniform was worn by the entire army. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform The University of Vermont was founded as a private university in 1791, the same year Vermont became the 14th U.S. state. The university enrolled its first students 10 years later. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Vermont Washburn was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, on September 7, 1814, the son of Judge Reuben and Hannah Blaney (Thacher) Washburn of Cavendish, Vermont. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Peter T. Washburn Washburn also commanded five companies of the 1st Vermont and five from the 4th Massachusetts infantry at the Battle of Big Bethel on June 10, 1861. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Peter T. Washburn Washburn was one of the organizers of the Reunion Society of Vermont Officers and delivered the keynote address at the society's 1868 annual meeting. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Peter T. Washburn He was admitted to the bar in 1838, and practiced law, first in Ludlow and then in Woodstock, while also becoming active in politics as a Whig. In addition to campaigning for Whigs including William Henry Harrison, Washburn held elected and appointed offices, including Reporter of Decisions for the Vermont Supreme Court and member of the Vermont House of Representatives. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Peter T. Washburn Of the more than 34,000 men Vermont provided to the Union, only 75 were unaccounted for after the war. In 1866, Washburn declined reelection as adjutant general. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Peter T. Washburn Woodstock is the shire town (county seat) of Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 3,048. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Woodstock, Vermont Woodstock is crossed by U.S. Route 4, Vermont Route 12 and Vermont Route 106. Interstate 89 does not pass through the town, it is served by exit 1 in nearby Quechee. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Woodstock, Vermont It is easily accessible via car or plane to Rutland or Lebanon Airports. Vermont Translines operates a daily intercity bus route between Rutland and Lebanon, stopping in Woodstock along the way. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Woodstock, Vermont In late 2018, a new version based on the "pinks and greens" officers' service uniform worn in World War II and the Korean War was announced. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Army This same uniform is worn without the black shakos hat and with the gray or white peaked service cap depending on the season when not parading but still required for formal events. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Army The Oregon Civil Defense Force (OSDF) also fields a pipe band that wears a modified Highland uniform, including kilt and sporran, authorized by the Oregon Military Department. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Army Officer's rank insignia consisted of lacing on the sleeves in the same manner as on the blue uniform, while CPOs wore rank insignia pins on the lapels of the jacket. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy Due to its near-black color, it was called the "Johnny Cash" uniform (a reference to the song/album Man in Black by the singer of the same name). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy This short-lived uniform for officers and CPOs was only authorized from 1943–49, but was a common sight on the East Coast and in the Atlantic/European Theater during World War II. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy Females are authorized to wear the same over-blouse as junior enlisted sailors. The uniform is also worn by cadet officers and cadet chief petty officers in the Navy Junior ROTC. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the United States Navy The antebellum home of Robert E. Lee during the Civil War, Arlington House, in Arlington County, Virginia, overlooks Arlington National Cemetery. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Weld Central Senior High School and Weld Central Middle School share the Weld Central Rebel, a Civil-war-era-soldier which used to appear with depictions of Confederate flags. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials An adjacent 20-foot flagpole and inscribed granite block dedicated to Civil War veterans buried there was erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 2005. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The settlement of Idaho coincided with the Civil War and settlers from Southern states memorialized the Confederacy with the names of several towns and natural features. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The state flag of Maryland features the red-and-white Crossland Banner, the unofficial state flag of Maryland used by secessionists and Confederates during the American Civil War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Since by state law it cannot be removed, the city of Franklin, with "broad support", wants to install historic markers "depicting the experience of the African-Americans before, during, and after the Civil War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Soldiers dominated courthouse grounds, while obelisks account for nearly half of cemetery monuments. The idea that the soldier statues always faced north was found to be untrue and that the soldiers usually faced the same direction as the courthouse. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The idea that the soldier statues always faced north was found to be untrue and that the soldiers usually faced the same direction as the courthouse. He noted that the monuments were "remarkably diverse" with "only a few instances of repetition of inscriptions". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The NPS describes the property as "the nation's memorial to Robert E. Lee. It honors him for specific reasons, including his role in promoting peace and reunion after the Civil War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Newport: Jackson Guards Memorial, built in 1914. Monument consists of a statue of a single Confederate soldier and a roster of the men who served in the Jackson Guards and the slaves who supported them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Last Confederate War Widow, Oaklawn Cemetery, erected after her death in 1985. The memorial and the cemetery are along the Florida Civil War Heritage Trail. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Johnson and his staff oversaw the construction of 12 new armories and the modernizing and reorganizing of the Vermont National Guard after World War I. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont National Guard In 1945 the State Reservation was permanently renamed Camp Johnson to honor Herbert T. Johnson, the adjutant general who led Vermont's military during and in between the world wars, and Vermont's second longest-serving adjutant general. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont National Guard In Vermont's pre-Revolutionary War days, the legislature or committee of safety would generally call out the militia as needed, its members would elect their leaders, and the legislature or committee of safety would confirm them. On occasion, the elections by members were not ratified. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont National Guard During World War I (1917–1918), Vermont National Guard units served with the 26th Infantry Division (a.k.a. the "Yankee" Division). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont National Guard "Woodstock" was one of the few Déjà Vu tracks where Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young all performed their parts in the same session. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Woodstock (song) But our managers, who were excellent, hired a PR, a songplugger. Tony Blackburn, who had the breakfast show on Radio 1, played 'Woodstock' and kept playing it and other DJs started doing the same." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Woodstock (song) As historian Christian Fritz notes in American Sovereigns: The People and America's Constitutional Tradition before the Civil War: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont Republic The stone was erected in the 2000s by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War Camp Negley Post of Tucson and the Burnside Post of Tombstone. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Abraham Lincoln Statue and Park, Clermont, dedicated June 19, 1903, erected in memory of Civil War soldiers and sailors --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Sac City Monument Square Historic District, Sac CityGeneral Sherman Hall; honors service of William T. Sherman 1892 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Baxter Springs Civil War Monument erected in 1886 after Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) post collected more than 7,000 signatures from former soldiers. The monument is located in the Soldier's Lot of the Baxter Springs Cemetery, and is dedicated to the 132 soldiers who died in the Battle of Baxter Springs October 8, 1863. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials From 1889 to 1891, the Commission produced copies of these lists to be disseminated to Civil War veterans and Grand Army of the Republic posts for corrections and verification. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) In September 1901, 36 years after the conclusion of the Civil War, Cleveland hosted the 35th National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The capital of the shaft features militaristic imagery and the bands that wrap around the mid-portion of the shaft have inscribed on them the names of major battles of the Civil War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The Cuyahoga County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument is a major Civil War monument in Cleveland, Ohio, honoring the more than 9,000 individuals from Cuyahoga County who served the Union throughout the war. It was dedicated on July 4, 1894 and is located on the southeast quadrant of Public Square in Downtown Cleveland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Former Ohio governor Joseph Foraker spoke at the event. As did Civil War veteran, current Ohio governor, and future president William McKinley. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Prominent Civil War historian James McPherson spoke at the event. Ohio Governor George V. Voinovich also attended the ceremony. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Areas in Vermont administered by the National Park Service include the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park (in Woodstock) and the Appalachian National Scenic Trail. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont In Baker v. Vermont (1999), the Vermont Supreme Court ruled that, under the Constitution of Vermont, the state must either allow same-sex marriage or provide a separate but equal status for them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont In July 2000, Vermont became the first state to introduce civil unions. In 2009, Vermont became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage, unforced by court challenge or ruling. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont In September 2009, Vermont became the fourth state in which same-sex couples could marry. The previous three were Massachusetts, Connecticut, Iowa. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vermont Upon leaving the duty, the badge was returned and reissued to incoming soldiers. In 1963, a regulation was enacted that allowed the badge to be worn as a permanent part of the military uniform, even after the soldier's completion of duty at the Tomb of the Unknowns. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) Silence was relocated to the Confederate section of Laurel Grove Cemetery, while Judgment was sent to Thomasville, Georgia to be used as part of that town's Civil War memorial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) On June 18, 2020, the Savannah–Chatham County Historic Site and Monument Commission held a special meeting on the subject of the Civil War Memorial and passed a motion to send a letter in support of the task force recommendations and necessary budget allocations to the city council. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) She was president of the board of managers for the Vermont woman's exhibit at the Centennial Exposition of 1876, at Philadelphia, and was frequently chosen in similar capacities as a representative of Vermont women. During the Civil War, she coordinated a response to the Confederate raid on St. Albans on October 19, 1864. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ann Eliza Smith "Late in the evening our door bell rang and a soldier enquired for the lady of the house. I answered the summons and saw a tall man in military uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ann Eliza Smith The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform The dress white and blue uniforms are both of the traditional "sailor suit" or crackerjack type for men, and women wear the same as summertime dress white uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform The ground forces uniform is dark green, with a single-breasted, three-buttoned jacket and tie of the same colour. Headgear worn is the beret. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Full dress uniform Compared to a general topological space the existence of the uniform structure makes possible the comparison of sizes of neighbourhoods: V[x] and V[y] are considered to be of the "same size". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniform space However, different metric spaces can have the same uniform structure (trivial example is provided by a constant multiple of a metric). This uniform structure produces also equivalent definitions of uniform continuity and completeness for metric spaces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniform space In the early days of the U.S. Army, the uniform worn in combat was essentially the same as that worn for everyday duties, as was the common practice with most armies of the time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Army Service Uniform Combat soldiers in the American Civil War wore a standard dark blue coat, just like personnel in garrisons or in army offices and headquarters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Army Service Uniform The "Vermont Brewers Festival" had 9,600 attendees in 2009, and the "Giant Pumpkin Regatta and Festival" had 5,000 attendees that same year; Saturday Night Live satirized the event. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Burlington, Vermont On September 5, 1901, Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt spoke to a Civil War fraternal group in Burlington. Nine days later, he became President of the United States when President McKinley died. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Burlington, Vermont If N is a submodule of M, then u.dim(N) ≤ u.dim(M) with equality exactly when N is an essential submodule of M. In particular, M and its injective hull E(M) always have the same uniform dimension. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform module The monument's original purpose was to honor Hoosiers who were veterans of the American Civil War; however, it is also a tribute to Indiana's soldiers who served during the American Revolutionary War, territorial conflicts that partially led to the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, and the Spanish–American War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) Franklin Simmons, an American sculptor living in Rome, Italy, and a noted sculptor of other Civil War memorial statues, created the statue of Morton, which was surrounded by an iron fence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In 1872 William H. English addressed a group of Civil War veterans and expressed his support for a monument at Crown Hill, but a bill introduced in the state legislature failed to pass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) When construction began on the new monument, the statue of Morton was removed from its original site. It was reinstalled on the southeast side of the monument, around 1899, to represent Indiana's role in American Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) It was reinstalled on the southeast side of the monument, around 1899, to represent Indiana's role in American Civil War. In 1895 Mahoney received a commission to create three additional sculptures to represent Indiana's role in earlier conflicts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) For example, most U.S. servicemen now wear camouflage utilities for daily duty and all but the most formal occasions-whereas in the past the service uniform would be worn unless a soldier was engaged in a dirty or physical task. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Only during the Second Boer War in 1902, did the entire British Army standardise on dun for Service Dress including the British Indian Army. The modern Indian Army uniform standardises on dun for khaki. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. The Army, Navy, and Air Force basically have the same regulations for the uniform, but differ in terms of color and certain designs which represent their respective branches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Its flower beds and paths had been trampled out of existence by troops and pack animals, and some of its trees had been cut down. That year, Meigs decided to build a monument to Civil War dead in the center of "the Grove". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Civil War Unknowns Monument It was built to memorialize thirty-nine fallen soldiers from Woonsocket who took part in the Civil War. Built in 1868 by James G. Batterson, this Civil War memorial was the first Civil War monument constructed in Rhode Island. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woonsocket Civil War Monument In addition to campaigning for Whigs including William Henry Harrison, Washburn held elected and appointed offices, including Reporter of Decisions for the Vermont Supreme Court and member of the Vermont House of Representatives. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn In October 1861, the Vermont General Assembly elected Washburn to succeed Horace Henry Baxter as Adjutant General and Inspector General of the state militia with the rank of brigadier general. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn Under Washburn's leadership, the adjutant general's office compiled 300 bound volumes of commander's reports, accounts and other records pertaining to service members from Vermont who took part in the war. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn Washburn was also involved in civic causes, including becoming active in the temperance movement. He became active in the Republican Party in 1855; he was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention, and served as chairman of the Vermont delegation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn Washburn also commanded five companies of the 1st Vermont and five from the 4th Massachusetts infantry at the Battle of Big Bethel on June 10, 1861. He was mustered out with his regiment on August 15, 1861. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn He was succeeded by William Wells. Washburn was one of the organizers of the Reunion Society of Vermont Officers and delivered the keynote address at the society's 1868 annual meeting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Peter T. Washburn As issued in the 1991 Gulf War, this uniform was identical to the No. 9 DPM tropical uniform, except for the multi-tone desert camouflage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army Other than these royal bodyguards, there was no standing English Army before the English Civil War, only the permanent, but part-time, Militia for home defence and temporary forces raised for expeditions abroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army During the Civil War the Parliamentary New Model Army adopted a fairly standardized pattern of red clothing, a practice which continued with the small regular English Army of the Restoration period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army The uniforms of the British Army currently exist in twelve categories ranging from ceremonial uniforms to combat dress (with full dress uniform and frock coats listed in addition). Uniforms in the British Army are specific to the regiment (or corps) to which a soldier belongs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the British Army Woodstock has the 20th highest per-capita income of Vermont towns as reported by the United States Census, and a high percentage of homes owned by non-residents. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, Vermont Rybczynsk points out that there is no zoning in Woodstock, and "buildings with different functions sat – and still sit today – side by side on the same streets", with practical exceptions such as the slaughterhouse and the gasworks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, Vermont The Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park is located in Woodstock, and is the only unit of the United States National Park System in Vermont (except for the Appalachian Trail). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, Vermont The town was incorporated in 1837.Although the Revolution slowed settlement, Woodstock developed rapidly once the war ended in 1783. The Vermont General Assembly met here in 1807 before moving the next year to the new capital at Montpelier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, Vermont The original Revolutionary War enlisted uniform jacket was dark blue with state-specific facing colors. This was worn with a white waistcoat and breeches and black shoes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Army From 2010 to 2020, a blue uniform was used as the daily wear service uniform. The Army has a tradition of blue uniforms dating to the Revolutionary War, and the blue uniform returns to its previous position as a formal dress and ceremonial uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Army The Army has a tradition of blue uniforms dating to the Revolutionary War, and the blue uniform returns to its previous position as a formal dress and ceremonial uniform. It had replaced in daily wear the previous green service uniform used by all officers and enlisted personnel introduced in 1956. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Army This same uniform is worn without the black shakos hat and with the gray or white peaked service cap depending on the season when not parading but still required for formal events. For evening formal events, no headgear is worn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Army This uniform is informally called "chokers" due to the standing collar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Additionally, this uniform is only prescribed for chiefs and officers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy All prisoners, regardless of their military branch wear the same uniform, with a dark blue variant for pre-trial confinement and a khaki one for post-trial confinement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Dungarees were the junior enlisted (E1-E6) working uniform worn from 1913 through the 1990s; through World War II dungarees with a garrison or combination cover were also worn by CPOs engaged in dirty jobs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Winter Blue uniform was authorized for all ranks. Due to its near-black color, it was called the "Johnny Cash" uniform (a reference to the song/album Man in Black by the singer of the same name). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The initial uniform pattern was the same as the officers' service dress white uniform tunic and trousers. Like the summer khaki uniform, it was to be worn with high, laced tan leather shoes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy Officers' shoulder boards were likewise gray, with stars/corps insignia and rank stripes in black. "Working grays" were the same uniform worn without the jacket and tie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the United States Navy The following is a list of Confederate monuments and memorials that were established as public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials It also does not include post-Civil War white supremacists, such as North Carolina Governor Charles Aycock and Mississippi Governor James K. Vardaman. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials In addition to monuments to the Union and Confederate honorees, the Monument Movement saw the placement of Revolutionary War Monuments for the 100th of the American Revolution from 1876 to 1883. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Bradford County (1861), named for Captain Richard Bradford, who was killed in the Battle of Santa Rosa Island, becoming the first Confederate officer from Florida to die during the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Louisiana State University is home of the LSU Tigers (1896) and Lady Tigers teams also known as the Fighting Tigers named for the Louisiana Tigers, several Confederate Civil War regiments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The following is a list of Confederate monuments and memorials that were established as public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. Many monuments and memorials have been or are being removed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials After the war, Robert E. Lee said on several occasions that he was opposed to any monuments, as they would, in his opinion, "keep open the sores of war". Nevertheless, monuments and memorials continued to be dedicated shortly after the American Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Other Confederate monuments are located on Civil War battlefields. Many Confederate monuments are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, either separately or as contributing objects within listings of courthouses or historic districts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Companies looking to capitalize on this opportunity often sold nearly identical copies of monuments to both the North and South. Another wave of monument construction coincided with the Civil Rights Movement and the American Civil War Centennial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Nearly 300 monuments and statues are in Georgia, Virginia, or North Carolina. The northern states that remained part of the Union, and the western states that were largely settled after the Civil War, have few or no memorials to the Confederacy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Liberty ship #8, named for Jefferson DavisSeveral ships named for Confederate leaders fell into Union hands during the Civil War. The Union Navy retained the names of these ships while turning their guns against the Confederacy: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Weld Central Senior High School and Weld Central Middle School share the Weld Central Rebel, a Civil-war-era-soldier which used to appear with depictions of Confederate flags. School teams are named Rebels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Erected 1935 by United Daughters of the Confederacy but dedicated to soldiers of all wars. An adjacent 20-foot flagpole and inscribed granite block dedicated to Civil War veterans buried there was erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 2005. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Flag of Maryland (1904). The state flag of Maryland features the red-and-white Crossland Banner, the unofficial state flag of Maryland used by secessionists and Confederates during the American Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The state flag of Maryland features the red-and-white Crossland Banner, the unofficial state flag of Maryland used by secessionists and Confederates during the American Civil War. The current state flag started appearing after the Civil War as a form of reconciliation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Curated by UDC, which purchased the building from the town in 1926, when its water system was modernized and the unneeded tower building put up for sale. According to the UDC it holds a collection of artifacts from Civil War soldiers of Columbus and Colorado County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials According to the UDC it holds a collection of artifacts from Civil War soldiers of Columbus and Colorado County. It is a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, dedicated, according to UDC, to the veterans of all wars, although the museum holds only Confederate artifacts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials White Settlement: Texas Civil War Museum, opened 2006. It is pro-Confederacy, and the UDC has permanently one of the three seats on its board. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Brattleboro is represented at the national level by Senators Bernie Sanders and Patrick Leahy, and by Rep. Peter Welch, who also represents Vermont's entire at-large federal congressional district. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Brattleboro, Vermont H. H. Baxter, Vermont's adjutant general in the late 1850s and early 1860s, was commended for taking measures to prepare the militia for mobilization in anticipation of the Civil War. At the outbreak of hostilities his office oversaw recruiting, equipping and training of federal volunteers, and mustered in the first Vermonters activated for wartime service, the 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont National Guard Herbert Johnson became acting adjutant general in 1917 when the incumbent resigned to join the regular army for World War I; then adjutant general in 1919. He served for 24 years, and remained Vermont's longest-serving adjutant general. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont National Guard Several Vermont National Guard organizations were activated for Operation Desert Storm, including the 131st Engineer Company, which served in Southwest Asia. The 131st Engineer Company had also been activated for federal service during the Vietnam War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont National Guard The settlers in Vermont, who sought independence from New York, justified their constitution on the same basis as the first state constitutions of the former colonies: authority is derived from the people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont Republic 4 Civil War Cannon; "whether it was idle curiosity or absence of thought that caused Phil Schaller to fire one of the cannon to awaken the town on July 4, 1895, one will never know. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials A small flagstone that commemorates the 18 California Volunteers Union veterans and one colored troop buried in the cemetery. Erected by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War, Department of California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials According to Kansas Civil War Monuments and Memorials, there are 105 counties in Kansas most have a monument to Union soldiers of the Civil War. Many were funded by GAR posts or Sons of Union Civil War Veterans, today the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Woodstock was conceived as a profit-making venture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock She would later compose the song "Woodstock" inspired by what she saw on television. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock Melanie Safka's 1970 song, "Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)", recalls the experience of both her Woodstock performance and her participation in the 1969 Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock The bronze statuary groupings stand atop Berea sandstone pedestals and depict scenes featuring the four branches of the armed forces at the time of the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) James Barnett – Highest Ranking Officer from Cuyahoga County during the Civil War, Businessman, and Philanthropist – Tablet 27, North Door Bust --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) It was dedicated on July 4, 1894 and is located on the southeast quadrant of Public Square in Downtown Cleveland. It was designed by architect and Civil War veteran Levi Scofield, who also created the monument's sculptures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Shakarian became a trustee of the monument in 2011.The monument's centennial was celebrated on 2 July 1994 with a large ceremony. Prominent Civil War historian James McPherson spoke at the event. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The inner walls, which surround the base of the large granite shaft, feature four large bronze panels. The bronze panels include life-size depictions of allegorical scenes relating to the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The bronze panels include life-size depictions of allegorical scenes relating to the Civil War. Above the bronze panels on the inner walls are a series of medallions which depict notable military figures from throughout the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) He is named after the Woodstock festival of 1969. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock (Peanuts) By the end of this four-strip sequence, Snoopy, in character as the World War I Flying Ace, learns that the bird is his new mechanic, Woodstock's first supporting role. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock (Peanuts) At first, Woodstock refused to use it, so Snoopy forced the issue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock (Peanuts) Once, he and Snoopy stopped speaking to each other because of Snoopy's practice of reading War and Peace one word per day. When told that Woodstock was being attacked by the cat next door, Snoopy immediately rushed to his aid, getting clobbered in the process (what the cat was attacking ended up being a yellow glove). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock (Peanuts) Ultimately, a group of settlers with New Hampshire land grant titles established the Vermont Republic in 1777 as an independent state during the American Revolutionary War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont The same held true in 2012, when Obama carried Vermont 67% of the vote to 31% for Romney, and in 2016, when Hillary Clinton won with 57% of the vote to 30% for Donald Trump. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont Donna Tartt's novel The Secret History is a story set mostly in a fictitious town of Hampden, Vermont, and college of the same name, where several students conspire to murder a classmate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont The battles of Bennington and Saratoga together are recognized as the turning point in the Revolutionary War because they were the first major defeat of a British army. The anniversary of the battle is still celebrated in Vermont as a legal holiday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont In 2009, Vermont became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage, unforced by court challenge or ruling. Since the late 20th century, Abenaki peoples in Vermont lobbied for recognition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont 80% of open land is controlled by dairy farms. The number of cattle in Vermont had declined by 40%; however, milk production has doubled in the same period due to tripling the production per cow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont Vermont's two Senators are Democrat Patrick Leahy, the longest-serving member of the Senate, and independent Bernie Sanders. The state is represented by an at-large member of the House, Democrat Peter Welch, who succeeded Sanders in 2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vermont Vehicle crews in North Africa wore the same olive tropical uniform as the infantry, including collar Litzen; many tankers pinned their skull insignia to their lapels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) The first known monument of an unknown soldier is Landsoldaten ("The Valiant Private Soldier") (1849), from the First Schleswig War, in Fredericia, Denmark. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Throughout history, many soldiers have died in war with their remains being unidentified. Following World War I, a movement arose to commemorate these soldiers with a single tomb, containing the body of one such unidentified soldier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier At the same time, a similar concern grew in France. In November 1916, a local officer of Le Souvenir français proposed the idea of burying "an unknown soldier" in the Panthéon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Here it was crated, then shipped to Vermont on February 8. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) This effectively delayed the implementation of most of the task force's recommendations. On June 18, 2020, the Savannah–Chatham County Historic Site and Monument Commission held a special meeting on the subject of the Civil War Memorial and passed a motion to send a letter in support of the task force recommendations and necessary budget allocations to the city council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) Before World War I, most armed forces of the world retained uniforms of this type that were usually more colourful and elaborate than the ordinary duty (known as undress), or the active service dress uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform Yet, a full dress uniform is sometimes simply called a dress uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform This order of uniform lasted through the first half of the twentieth century, being placed 'in abeyance' at the onset of the Second World War, and was worn by Prince Philip at the Coronation of Elizabeth II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The dress uniform includes a blazer-type jacket, worn with a white shirt, and a tie. The ground forces uniform is dark green, with a single-breasted, three-buttoned jacket and tie of the same colour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform The air force uniform is of the same design, but medium blue. The naval uniform has a darker blue, double-breasted, six-buttoned jacket, with gold-coloured rank insignia on the cuffs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Full dress uniform During the Civil War Hendee served as a deputy provost marshal. (Provost marshals were appointed for each state and Congressional district by the federal government, and were responsible for supervising conscription and recruiting activities.) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) George Whitman Hendee They all consist of a space equipped with a uniform structure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform space An isomorphism between uniform spaces is called a uniform isomorphism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform space This uniform structure on M generates the usual metric space topology on M. However, different metric spaces can have the same uniform structure (trivial example is provided by a constant multiple of a metric). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniform space The 1899 Army Uniform Regulations provided for a cotton khaki uniform for field service, drawing on the experience of the Spanish–American War when both blue and khaki clothing had been worn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Army Service Uniform The Art Students League of New York's summer school was in Woodstock from 1906 until 1922, and again after World War II, from 1947 until 1979. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, New York The Art Students League of New York's summer school was in Woodstock from 1906 until 1922, and again after World War II, from 1947 until 1979. The Woodstock School of Art has been operating since 1980. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woodstock, New York Vermont voters supported the Federalist Party, which opposed the war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Burlington, Vermont The Vermont City Marathon has drawn thousands of competitors annually. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Burlington, Vermont The town was organized in 1785.The War of 1812 was unpopular in Vermont and New England, which had numerous trading ties with Canada. Neither Vermont nor other New England states provided militia units or financial support. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Burlington, Vermont A ring may be called a right (left) uniform ring if it is uniform as a right (left) module over itself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform module In the literature, uniform dimension is also referred to as simply the dimension of a module or the rank of a module. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform module Uniserial modules are uniform, and uniform modules are necessarily directly indecomposable. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform module When speaking of the uniform dimension of a ring, it is necessary to specify whether u.dim(RR) or rather u.dim(RR) is being measured. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform module In addition to its commemorative statuary and fountains, made primarily of oolitic limestone and bronze, the basement of the monument contains the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum, a museum of Indiana history during the American Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) No progress was made on the monument until August 1875, when George J. Langsdale, a newspaper editor of the Greencastle Banner, presented a plan for a memorial during the first reunion of Civil War veterans, which was held in Indianapolis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) It was torn down in 1857, and the site became a vacant lot. As Indianapolis grew and developed during and after the Civil War, the area became a popular meeting place for mass gatherings, public rallies, and celebrations of wartime victories. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) As Indianapolis grew and developed during and after the Civil War, the area became a popular meeting place for mass gatherings, public rallies, and celebrations of wartime victories. In 1867 the site was cleaned up, fenced, and designated as the city's Circle Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In 1867 the site was cleaned up, fenced, and designated as the city's Circle Park. The park remained vacant until 1884, when a bronze statue of Oliver P. Morton, Indiana's Civil War-era governor, was erected at its center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) Many times after the Civil War suggestions were made to build a monument honoring Indiana's Civil War veterans. The first proposal was made on April 1, 1862, when an anonymous editorial in the Indianapolis Daily Journal suggested a monument be erected in Circle Park; however, no action was taken. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In 1867 governor Morton suggested a monument be erected on the highest point in Crown Hill Cemetery, but nothing came of it. In 1872 William H. English addressed a group of Civil War veterans and expressed his support for a monument at Crown Hill, but a bill introduced in the state legislature failed to pass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) No progress was made on the monument until August 1875, when George J. Langsdale, a newspaper editor of the Greencastle Banner, presented a plan for a memorial during the first reunion of Civil War veterans, which was held in Indianapolis. Langsdale's idea was favorably received and a monument association was formed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) Brewster, an American sculptor from Cleveland, Ohio, created the second astragal with a naval theme that includes a portrait relief of Admiral David Farragut. Brewster also designed the third astragal with the dates 1861 and 1865, the Civil War's beginning and ending dates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) Before a nationally televised audience, Washburn scored 26 points as the Wolfpack upset the then-ranked #1 Tar Heels 76-65.Washburn's case was one of many detailed by Peter Golenbock in his book, Personal Fouls, that effectively ended Valvano's career in 1990. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chris Washburn Shields were painted in unique patterns to indicate which cohort a soldier was from. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Thus the principle ever since followed—uniform coat and variegated facings—was established. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform As such it was sufficiently varied not to rank as "uniform" in the later sense. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform A khaki summer uniform was worn by the entire army. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform New uniforms were issued with surprising frequency in some 18th-century armies (once a year in the British service). It should, however, be remembered that a soldier had to march, parade, fight and sometimes sleep in the same garment and that such extras as greatcoats or working clothes were seldom issued until the end of the century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform German infantry generally wore the dark "Prussian blue" of the previous two centuries. This and other features of the historic Prussian Army uniform were generally adopted by the other German States as they fell under Prussian influence before and after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform A Soviet soldier would, for example be distinguishable from his German opponent by his general outline, even in the fog of battle. British, American, Japanese and French uniforms still retained some distinctive features, even as they became more and more utilitarian in the course of the War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Aside from ABUs, the most common uniform to be worn would be dress blues, which incorporate a light navy blue for bottoms, and the same shade to match the top jacket. Underneath the top jacket either a long sleeve or short sleeve sky blue shirt may be worn with a tie or neck tab whenever wearing the top jacket. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. The Mess Uniform uses the same pants and jacket as dress blues, but with a white under-shirt, bow tie and cumberband, and the same black dress shoes(). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Arlington Estate's history changed forever with the outbreak of the American Civil War. Robert E. Lee resigned from the United States Army on April 20, 1861, and took command of Virginia's armed forces on April 23. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civil War Unknowns Monument That year, Meigs decided to build a monument to Civil War dead in the center of "the Grove". U.S. Army troops were dispatched to investigate every battlefield within a 35-mile (56 km) radius of the city of Washington, D.C. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civil War Unknowns Monument Woodstock was founded in 1854 and has been on its current campus since 1856. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock School In 2004, Woodstock celebrated 150 years of its journey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock School His family moved to Vermont in 1817 and settled in Ludlow, Vermont in 1825. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn In 1866, Washburn declined reelection as adjutant general. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn He also served on the board of directors for the Rutland and Woodstock Railroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn He was interred at River Street Cemetery in Woodstock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn Washburn's company was federalized in 1861 as part of the 1st Vermont Infantry; he was commissioned as the regiment's lieutenant colonel and second-in-command. He became the de facto commander after John W. Phelps was promoted to command of a brigade, and he led the regiment during its participation in the Battle of Big Bethel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn Washburn was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, on September 7, 1814, the son of Judge Reuben and Hannah Blaney (Thacher) Washburn of Cavendish, Vermont. His family moved to Vermont in 1817 and settled in Ludlow, Vermont in 1825. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn In 1839, Washburn was married to Almira E. Ferris (1816-1848) of Swanton, Vermont. In 1849, he married Almira P. Hopkins (1816-1910) of Glens Falls, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Peter T. Washburn The "bush jacket" uniform (in Australia, this is known as the "safari uniform"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army Scotland, which remained independent from England until the 1707 Acts of Union created the Kingdom of Great Britain, also raised a standing Scottish Army after the English Civil War (known in Scotland and Ireland as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms), which merged with the English Army in 1707 to create the British Army. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army As issued in the 1991 Gulf War, this uniform was identical to the No. 9 DPM tropical uniform, except for the multi-tone desert camouflage. This was quickly replaced with a two-tone desert version of DPM camouflage (the base colour and one other). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army During the Civil War the Parliamentary New Model Army adopted a fairly standardized pattern of red clothing, a practice which continued with the small regular English Army of the Restoration period. The Scottish Army initially appears to have issued grey uniforms but began to imitate English Army practice by adopting red uniforms from the 1680s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the British Army It includes the villages of South Woodstock, Taftsville, and Woodstock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, Vermont They built the Woodstock Inn, a center point for the town. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, Vermont The economy is now largely driven by tourism. Woodstock has the 20th highest per-capita income of Vermont towns as reported by the United States Census, and a high percentage of homes owned by non-residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, Vermont Rybczynsk points out that there is no zoning in Woodstock, and "buildings with different functions sat – and still sit today – side by side on the same streets", with practical exceptions such as the slaughterhouse and the gasworks. The Rockefellers have had an enormous impact on the overall character of the town as it exists today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, Vermont From 1810, the uniform changed to follow European trends. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army The uniform was released on October 1, 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army The current garrison service uniform is known as the "Army Green Service Uniform". In late 2018, a new version based on the "pinks and greens" officers' service uniform worn in World War II and the Korean War was announced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army In the 1950s "Pershing's Own" briefly wore a yellow and black uniform known as "the Lion Tamer" due to its resemblance to a circus costume. Before World War II, the band's uniform was a grey variation of the standard dress blue uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army Winter parade dress is similar to spring parade dress, though trousers are colored cadet gray instead of white. This same uniform is worn without the black shakos hat and with the gray or white peaked service cap depending on the season when not parading but still required for formal events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army These uniforms are patterned on collegiate tartans instead of the U.S. Army tartan. The Oregon Civil Defense Force (OSDF) also fields a pipe band that wears a modified Highland uniform, including kilt and sporran, authorized by the Oregon Military Department. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Army This uniform is usually only worn by cadet officers and chief petty officers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The trousers for the uniform are flared as "bell bottoms". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to black tie in usage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to white tie in usage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Females are authorized to wear the same over-blouse as junior enlisted sailors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Navy continues to work to develop a new shipboard working uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy A revived version of the uniform was announced in 2006 on a test basis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The Winter Blue uniform was authorized for all ranks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Originally it was simply the Service Dress Khaki uniform worn without the coat and tie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The uniform was worn with a combination cover and black shoes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform was also worn by members of Navy bands regardless of rank. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Ribbons and neckerchief were not worn and the uniform was not authorized for liberty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Though rarely used, men can also substitute a tailcoat for the standard dinner dress jacket with this uniform. The female version is substantially the same as Dinner Dress Blue Jacket, but substitutes the mother-of-pearl studs and cuff links for gold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy The female version is substantially the same as Dinner Dress Blue Jacket, but substitutes the mother-of-pearl studs and cuff links for gold. This uniform is equivalent to white tie in usage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the United States Navy Levy County (1845), named for David Levy Yulee, a Florida businessman, senator, and strong supporter of slavery, who withdrew from the U.S. Senate in 1861 and served nine months in prison after the Civil War for supporting the Confederacy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Hemming Park/Hemming Plaza (1899) renamed in honor of Civil War veteran Charles C. Hemming, after he installed a 62-foot (19 m)-tall Confederate monument in the park in 1898. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Dexter: Frenchman's Spring Monument (1996). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Monument to the "Loyal Women of the Old South". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Obion: Obion Veterans Memorial, honoring those who were killed in service and were MIA-POW in Civil War, World Wars I & II, Korea, Vietnam, Desert Storm, Afghanistan and Iraq (2006) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Gonzales: Confederate Soldiers' Monument, Confederate Square. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials In 1865, at the end of the American Civil War, a substantial number of Southerners left the South; many moved to other parts of the United States, such as the American West, but a few left the country entirely. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The public display in the United States of Confederate monuments, memorials and symbols has been and continues to be controversial. The following is a list of Confederate monuments and memorials that were established as public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials " They were erected without the consent or even input of Southern African Americans, who remembered the Civil War far differently, and who had no interest in honoring those who fought to keep them enslaved. According to Civil War historian Judith Giesberg, professor of history at Villanova University, "White supremacy is really what these statues represent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials According to Civil War historian Judith Giesberg, professor of history at Villanova University, "White supremacy is really what these statues represent. " Some monuments were also meant to beautify cities as part of the City Beautiful movement, although this was secondary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Another wave of monument construction coincided with the Civil Rights Movement and the American Civil War Centennial. At least thirty-two Confederate monuments were dedicated between 2000 and 2017, including at least 7 re-dedications. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The antebellum home of Robert E. Lee during the Civil War, Arlington House, in Arlington County, Virginia, overlooks Arlington National Cemetery. A National Park Service (NPS) memorial, the estate became the site of Arlington National Cemetery in part to ensure that Lee could never return to his home. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials As of 24 June 2020, there are at least 63 public spaces with Confederate monuments in Florida. An August 2017 meeting of the Florida League of Mayors was devoted to the topic of what to do with Civil War monuments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The settlement of Idaho coincided with the Civil War and settlers from Southern states memorialized the Confederacy with the names of several towns and natural features. As of June 24, 2020, there are at least three public spaces with Confederate monuments in Idaho. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Hempstead: The Liendo Plantation was a center for Confederate recruiting efforts and held Union prisoners during the war. Now it holds battle reenactments and demonstrations of Civil War era Confederate life at its annual Civil War Weekend. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Confederate monuments and memorials In 1744, what became known as King George's War broke out, lasting until 1748. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Brattleboro, Vermont The Vermont National Guard is composed of the Vermont Army National Guard and the Vermont Air National Guard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard Settlers relied on the militia almost from the moment they began moving into Vermont in the mid-1700s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard After Allen's release, he returned to Vermont and was appointed commander of the reorganized militia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard After Vermont attained statehood, its militia was organized into several divisions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard In the late 1830s the Vermont Legislature began to reenergize its military. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard He served for 24 years, and remained Vermont's longest-serving adjutant general. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard Johnson and his successor, Murdoch Campbell, received accolades for organizing the volunteer Vermont State Guard that performed many state duties while National Guard soldiers were deployed in the European and Pacific Theaters during World War II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard The individuals known to have served as Vermont's adjutant general include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard The Vermont Air Guard has used F-16s since 1986. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard During World War II (1941–1945), Vermont National Guard units served with the 43rd Infantry Division (a.k.a. the "Winged Victory" Division) in the Pacific Theater of War, notably in the Solomons and on Luzon in the Philippines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard The 131st Engineer Company had also been activated for federal service during the Vietnam War. In 1997 the Vermont National Guard made history when Martha Rainville became the first woman to ever serve as a state adjutant general. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard In 1894 the Vermont General Assembly authorized purchase of a portion of Fort Ethan Allen for use as a National Guard training site. In 1898 the 1st Vermont Infantry Regiment mustered there for the Spanish–American War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard It was later named for successive Governors, and used for both individual and unit training and as a staging area for mobilizations. In 1945 the State Reservation was permanently renamed Camp Johnson to honor Herbert T. Johnson, the adjutant general who led Vermont's military during and in between the world wars, and Vermont's second longest-serving adjutant general. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont National Guard The same day, CID Entertainment announced it would also be pulling out of the festival. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock 50 Woodstock 50 would have been reduced from three days to one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock 50 "Woodstock" is a popular song written by Joni Mitchell. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (song) March 4 is celebrated in Vermont as Vermont Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Republic The Constitution of Vermont was drafted and ratified at Elijah West's Windsor Tavern in 1777. The settlers in Vermont, who sought independence from New York, justified their constitution on the same basis as the first state constitutions of the former colonies: authority is derived from the people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Republic Battle of Tebb's Bend Monument, near Campbellsville. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials Wheeling Soldier and Sailors Monument, dedicated in 1883. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials For many years this system was collectively referred to as the Woodstock Bins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock "I deliberately broke the group up before Woodstock," Beck said. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock Spirit also declined an invitation to play, as they already had shows planned and wanted to play those instead, not knowing how big Woodstock would be. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock A year later, Woodstock 2 was released as a 2-LP album. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock Efforts were undertaken to forge a link between Bethel and Woodstock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock Kornfeld later made an appearance in Woodstock with the event's promoters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock Woodstock still acts as an economic engine for the local economy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock "I deliberately broke the group up before Woodstock," Beck said. "I didn't want it to be preserved. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock Wadleigh strove to make the film as much about the hippies as the music, listening to their feelings about compelling events contemporaneous with the festival (such as the Vietnam War), as well as the views of the townspeople. Woodstock received the Academy Award for Documentary Feature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock This established the Monument Commission's control over the Southeast Quadrant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Another Union soldier is seen aiming his carbine southward. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) A large temporary arch was constructed partially on the Southeast quadrant for the event. In September 1901, 36 years after the conclusion of the Civil War, Cleveland hosted the 35th National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The figure, which is wearing a military frock coat and holding a sword and a shield, is oriented northward. The capital of the shaft features militaristic imagery and the bands that wrap around the mid-portion of the shaft have inscribed on them the names of major battles of the Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) The capital of the shaft features militaristic imagery and the bands that wrap around the mid-portion of the shaft have inscribed on them the names of major battles of the Civil War. The four flag poles that anchor the corners of the building are set in embellishments meant to resemble stacked cannon balls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Above the bronze panels on the inner walls are a series of medallions which depict notable military figures from throughout the Civil War. Above the memorial tablets on the outer walls sit a series of busts which depict notable individuals from Cuyahoga County who died as a result of their service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Woodstock is a bird who is Snoopy's best friend. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Woodstock is a small and good-hearted yellow bird. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) When asked where he learned to pilot, Woodstock replied (speaking in his usual chicken scratches, but translated), "Nam." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) In another instance, Woodstock discovers a "strange creature" in his nest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Another strip has Snoopy once again try to determine what species Woodstock belongs to. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Snoopy would dictate things to Woodstock and Woodstock would do the things that secretaries do, making fun of them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Woodstock then cries and Snoopy hugs him and apologizes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Despite being a bird, Woodstock is a very poor flyer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) Another strip has Snoopy once again try to determine what species Woodstock belongs to. Snoopy theorizes Woodstock might be an eagle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock (Peanuts) The Vermont College of Fine Arts is located in the municipality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Montpelier, Vermont In the days following the flood, Vermont was widely praised for its recovery efforts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Montpelier, Vermont Montpelier is located in the north-central area of Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Montpelier, Vermont However, there is a McDonald's location in nearby Berlin, Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Montpelier, Vermont The Vermont Republic abolished slavery before any of the other states. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont This was the first seismic event noted in Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont With the end of the war, new settlers arrived in Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont The anniversary of the battle is still celebrated in Vermont as a legal holiday. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Under the Act "To Secure Freedom to All Persons Within This State," slavery was officially banned by state law on November 25, 1858, less than three years before the American Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont While the Whig Party shriveled, and the Republican Party emerged, Vermont supported Republican candidates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont is the seventh coldest state in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont is in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont While milk production rose, Vermont's market share declined. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Today, most of Vermont's forests are secondary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont For lack of demand, Vermont's forests are growing twice as fast as they are being cut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont As of 2006, there were 305,000 workers in Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont is the largest producer of slate in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont This puts Vermont 11th-best in the nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont's main mode of travel is by automobile. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont In 2009, Vermont was ranked second in the nation for safety. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont All county services are directly funded by the state of Vermont. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Since 1992, Vermont has voted for the Democrat in every Presidential election. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont In 2013, Vermont became the 17th state to decriminalize marijuana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont has voted Democratic in every presidential election since. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont The Vermont Symphony Orchestra is supported by the state and performs throughout the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont In 2011 Vermont residents were ranked as the healthiest in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Vermont was ranked as the 12th happiest state in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont The following were either born in Vermont or resided there for a substantial period during their lives and whose names are widely known. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont The Green Mountain Boys militia protected the interests of the established New Hampshire land grant settlers against the newly arrived settlers with land titles granted by New York. Ultimately, a group of settlers with New Hampshire land grant titles established the Vermont Republic in 1777 as an independent state during the American Revolutionary War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont Ultimately, a group of settlers with New Hampshire land grant titles established the Vermont Republic in 1777 as an independent state during the American Revolutionary War. The Vermont Republic abolished slavery before any of the other states. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont U.S. Route 5 runs a north–south path in eastern Vermont from the Massachusetts state line to the Canada-U.S. border. U.S. Route 5 is a surface road that runs parallel to I-91 for its entire length in the state, and serves nearly all the same towns. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont In April 2009, the state legislature overrode governor Jim Douglas's veto to allow same-sex marriage, becoming the first state in the nation to legalize same-sex marriage through legislation. In September 2009, Vermont became the fourth state in which same-sex couples could marry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vermont The Luftwaffe tropical uniform differed significantly from the Army version. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) In about 1942 the Army regularized the practice: depots began issuing an official hot-weather four-pocket field uniform of feldbluse cut but made of the same reed-green HBT material. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) At the same time, a similar concern grew in France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier At least one unknown soldier has been identified by DNA analysis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier The United Kingdom Victoria Cross was placed with the soldier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) The Unknowns of World War II and Korea == --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) They have a separate uniform (without rank) that is worn when they actually guard the Unknowns or are "posted." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) Additionally, they would have to provide an assessment on the feasibility and advisability of repairing rather than replacing the Tomb Monument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) During the ceremony, the World War I Unknown was awarded the Victoria Cross by Admiral of the Fleet Lord Beatty, on behalf of King George V of the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom Victoria Cross was placed with the soldier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) Many felt the statue was too ornate to represent the common soldier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) According to Branch, the attire presented a soldier, "as he looked when he marched and fought, and not when he danced and fluted at home". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) On May 22, 1879, Confederate Soldier was hoisted atop the shaft, with Silence and Judgment removed from the monument. Silence was relocated to the Confederate section of Laurel Grove Cemetery, while Judgment was sent to Thomasville, Georgia to be used as part of that town's Civil War memorial. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia) I answered the summons and saw a tall man in military uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ann Eliza Smith Under Washburn's direction, units of the militia had attempted to pursue the Confederate raiders, and later patrolled the border with Canada to ensure there were no further efforts to conduct Confederate activities in Vermont. Smith wrote of her personal reminiscences of the St. Albans Raid in The Vermonter:— --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ann Eliza Smith Later in the set they would all dress up as Jimi Hendrix had at the original Woodstock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock '94 The Original Series, the uniform underwent another redesign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Star Trek uniforms Enlisted personnel wear a one-piece red jumpsuit in a similar color to the officer uniform, with tan shoulders and upper chest and black undershirts. Enlisted trainees wear the same uniform, except with a red undershirt instead of a black one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Star Trek uniforms The division colors for command and operations switched from those used in Enterprise and TOS while the division color for science stayed the same. In early episodes some crew members can be seen wearing a tunic version of the uniform with bare legs and boots ("skant"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Star Trek uniforms Unlike the previous uniform, it was the same color regardless of the wearer's division, save for colored bands on the lower sleeves like the standard uniform. It also appeared in the DS9 episode "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Star Trek uniforms It also appeared in the DS9 episode "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges". Captains also had the option of a more casual uniform vest of the same basic design, though the violet-gray extended much lower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Star Trek uniforms In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform When wearing the Mess dress uniform, no headdress is worn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform When (khaki) Battle Dress (BD) uniforms, which had a short blouse instead of a tunic, were adopted immediately before the Second World War, the older khaki Service Dress became a smart uniform for wear on the streets, and on moderately formal occasions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Initially the full dress uniform was worn with the service dress cap. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform This uniform was superseded by the Blue/White Dress uniform in 2000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform This uniform is informally called "Chokers", due to the stand-collar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. As such, full dress uniform is the most formal uniform, followed by the mess dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Marines wear peaked caps with the dress uniform. Epaulettes are only worn with the dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. The pith helmet remains in use for ceremonial parade positions only. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform While the "PDU IV" uniform is worn for occasions such as: Change of Command ceremonies, attending a passing out parade, and worn by military judges in the court. The mess dress uniform is basically the same for the three branches of the armed forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Full dress uniform Hendee was elected Lieutenant Governor of Vermont in 1869. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) George Whitman Hendee There are three equivalent definitions for a uniform space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space is a uniform structure (or a uniformity) if it satisfies the following axioms: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space If P <* Q and P is a uniform cover, then Q is also a uniform cover. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space These uniform covers form a uniform space as in the second definition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space The topology defined by a uniform structure is said to be induced by the uniformity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space Moreover, i(X) is always Hausdorff; it is called the Hausdorff uniform space associated with X. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space Every metric space (M, d) can be considered as a uniform space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space A fundamental system of entourages of this uniformity is provided by the set of finite intersections of entourages of the uniformities defined by the individual pseudometrics fi. If the family of pseudometrics is finite, it can be seen that the same uniform structure is defined by a single pseudometric, namely the upper envelope sup fi of the family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space This can be proved with a recursive use of the existence of a "half-size" entourage. Compared to a general topological space the existence of the uniform structure makes possible the comparison of sizes of neighbourhoods: V[x] and V[y] are considered to be of the "same size". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniform space These uniforms remained in use through the Korean War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform The Army requires officers to purchase and maintain the blue service uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform On Veterans Day 2018, the Army announced that a new Army Green Service Uniform, based on the "pinks and greens" officers' service uniform worn in World War II and the Korean War, would be introduced as the everyday service uniform for all ranks starting in 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform In the early days of the U.S. Army, the uniform worn in combat was essentially the same as that worn for everyday duties, as was the common practice with most armies of the time. This changed in modern times, as field uniforms were developed which were more suited for battle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform Combat soldiers in the American Civil War wore a standard dark blue coat, just like personnel in garrisons or in army offices and headquarters. Uniform standards were relaxed during the war years, especially on campaign, as conditions demanded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform Uniform standards were relaxed during the war years, especially on campaign, as conditions demanded. The 1899 Army Uniform Regulations provided for a cotton khaki uniform for field service, drawing on the experience of the Spanish–American War when both blue and khaki clothing had been worn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform A summer service uniform of khaki cotton shirt and trousers also was issued, but was used only for garrison wear as the herringbone twill utility uniform became the preferred warm weather field uniform. These uniforms remained in use through the Korean War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform Because of the widespread use of army surplus clothing after World War II, a fresh, distinct uniform was seen as needed. In 1954, the Army introduced a new, all-ranks, Army Green shade 44 "Class A" service uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Army Service Uniform Ever since, Woodstock has been considered an active artists colony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, New York Byrdcliffe forever changed the cultural landscape of the Town of Woodstock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, New York The Woodstock School of Art has been operating since 1980. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Woodstock, New York In the summer of 1775, settlers began clearing land and built two or three log huts, but the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War delayed permanent settlement until after its conclusion. The town was organized in 1785.The War of 1812 was unpopular in Vermont and New England, which had numerous trading ties with Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Burlington, Vermont The "Vermont Brewers Festival" had 9,600 attendees in 2009, and the "Giant Pumpkin Regatta and Festival" had 5,000 attendees that same year; Saturday Night Live satirized the event. One of the largest year-round farmers' markets in the state of Vermont is located in the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Burlington, Vermont Burlington is the media center of northern and central Vermont. It is served by: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Burlington, Vermont In January 2013, Vermont governor Peter Shumlin proposed extending the Ethan Allen Express from Rutland, Vermont, to Burlington's Union Station. The proposal would create a regional rail corridor connecting Albany (New York), Saratoga Springs (New York), Rutland, and Burlington, which have combined metro populations of around 1.25 million inhabitants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Burlington, Vermont An observation deck is accessible by stairs or elevator from the interior. In addition to its commemorative statuary and fountains, made primarily of oolitic limestone and bronze, the basement of the monument contains the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum, a museum of Indiana history during the American Civil War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In addition to its commemorative statuary and fountains, made primarily of oolitic limestone and bronze, the basement of the monument contains the Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum, a museum of Indiana history during the American Civil War. At the time of the monument's dedication in 1902, its cost was $598,318. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) The park remained vacant until 1884, when a bronze statue of Oliver P. Morton, Indiana's Civil War-era governor, was erected at its center. Franklin Simmons, an American sculptor living in Rome, Italy, and a noted sculptor of other Civil War memorial statues, created the statue of Morton, which was surrounded by an iron fence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) Franklin Simmons, an American sculptor living in Rome, Italy, and a noted sculptor of other Civil War memorial statues, created the statue of Morton, which was surrounded by an iron fence. Dedication ceremonies took place on June 15, 1884, with Indiana governor Conrad Baker presiding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) In 1893 the circle was renamed Monument Place. The cost to complete the monument was $598,318. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis) This included features which can still be recognised in the Class I uniform of ratings in the modern Royal Navy - notably the wide blue collar with white tapes, a black neckerchief, white lanyard and blue or white jumper. The flared "bell bottom" trousers disappeared after the Second World War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform This and other features of the historic Prussian Army uniform were generally adopted by the other German States as they fell under Prussian influence before and after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. Bavarians, however, continued to wear light blue and Saxon regiments retained a number of distinctions after the establishment of the German Empire (1871). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform From 1910 the Imperial Chinese Army adopted dark blue uniforms of Japanese style with coloured facings of red, white, or yellow to distinguish the different branches. The Imperial Guard Division had a light grey uniform with the same branch colours as the line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform Uniforms of varying shades of khaki and grey were universal in the Second World War but the cut and outline appearance of the different armies still made identification in the field relatively straight forward. A Soviet soldier would, for example be distinguishable from his German opponent by his general outline, even in the fog of battle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The Russian Army has retained a number of features, such as officers' epaulettes, high boots and long greatcoats with collar patches for all ranks, which can be traced back to Tsarist days. The dress uniform for officers is of the same distinctive blue/green colour as "Tsar's green", worn until 1914. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The Kremlin Regiment has in recent years been issued with a special ceremonial uniform which closely resembles that of the infantry regiments of the Imperial Guard immediately prior to the First World War. Women's uniforms in the Russian Army feature a skirt instead of trousers and a garrison cap instead of a beret or peaked cap. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform In recent decades, many militaries around the world have gradually simplified the range of uniforms issued. For example, most U.S. servicemen now wear camouflage utilities for daily duty and all but the most formal occasions-whereas in the past the service uniform would be worn unless a soldier was engaged in a dirty or physical task. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The purpose of the colors and patterns in this uniform serve to help one blend into the concrete-like color of the flight line on which the uniform is most often worn outside. Aside from ABUs, the most common uniform to be worn would be dress blues, which incorporate a light navy blue for bottoms, and the same shade to match the top jacket. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The state responded by organizing the Frontier Cavalry and deploying it to patrol the Canadian border with Vermont and New York, and Vermont's contingent included two companies, one based in Burlington, and one in St. Albans. Washburn issued a militia commission to Ann Eliza Smith, the wife of Governor J. Gregory Smith. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peter T. Washburn Washburn recognized her heroism by appointing her as a brevet lieutenant colonel on the adjutant general's military staff. Under Washburn's leadership, the adjutant general's office compiled 300 bound volumes of commander's reports, accounts and other records pertaining to service members from Vermont who took part in the war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peter T. Washburn Under Washburn's leadership, the adjutant general's office compiled 300 bound volumes of commander's reports, accounts and other records pertaining to service members from Vermont who took part in the war. Of the more than 34,000 men Vermont provided to the Union, only 75 were unaccounted for after the war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peter T. Washburn In 1866, Washburn declined reelection as adjutant general. He was succeeded by William Wells. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Peter T. Washburn This order of dress dates back to white drill uniforms worn for "hot-weather" ceremonial and off-duty wear in India prior to World War I.Since the 1970s this order has consisted of the same white tunic but is now worn with coloured No. 1 dress trousers. Head-dress, footwear and badges are generally as for No. 1 dress. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army In 1938, the British Army adopted a revolutionary and practical type of uniform for combat known as Battledress; it was widely copied and adapted by armies around the world. During the Second World War a handful of British units adopted camouflage-patterned clothes, for example the Airborne Forces' Denison smock and the windproof suit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army During the Second World War a handful of British units adopted camouflage-patterned clothes, for example the Airborne Forces' Denison smock and the windproof suit. In the late 1960s, the Disruptive Pattern Material (DPM) camouflage uniform was adopted across the whole of the British Army. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the British Army Woodstock has the 20th highest per-capita income of Vermont towns as reported by the United States Census, and a high percentage of homes owned by non-residents. The town's central square, called the Green, is bordered by restored late Georgian, Federal Style, and Greek Revival houses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock, Vermont Vermont Translines operates a daily intercity bus route between Rutland and Lebanon, stopping in Woodstock along the way. The closest regular public transportation hubs are in White River Junction (12 miles (19 km) east) and Rutland (48 miles (77 km) west). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock, Vermont The Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park is located in Woodstock, and is the only unit of the United States National Park System in Vermont (except for the Appalachian Trail). The park preserves the site where Frederick Billings established a managed forest and a progressive dairy farm. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock, Vermont General officers wear pants of the same color as the jacket, with two ½–inch, gold-colored braids, spaced ½ inch apart. Current stated uniform regulation for mess dress is that all other officers and enlisted personnel wear lighter blue trousers with a single 1 ½ inch, gold-colored braid. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Army Women previously wore a uniform similar to the Service Dress Blue uniform but with a white coat and skirt or trousers. Officer's rank insignia consisted of lacing on the sleeves in the same manner as on the blue uniform, while CPOs wore rank insignia pins on the lapels of the jacket. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy This uniform is equivalent to white tie in usage. Additionally, this uniform is only prescribed for chiefs and officers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy Prisoners in the custody of Navy shore correctional facilities are required to wear a special uniform, instead of their regular working uniform. All prisoners, regardless of their military branch wear the same uniform, with a dark blue variant for pre-trial confinement and a khaki one for post-trial confinement. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy Later on, through the Vietnam War, the trousers and jacket were often made of light wool or wool-blend fabric as routine access to dry-cleaning facilities became available. The uniform was dropped in 1975 by then-Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral James Holloway, in order to reduce the number of items in the officer's seabag. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy "Working grays" were the same uniform worn without the jacket and tie. The gray uniform was introduced by then-Chief of Naval Operations Ernest King, who thought khaki was more appropriate to land forces; Admiral Chester W. Nimitz disliked it and discouraged its wear in the Pacific Fleet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the United States Navy It honors him for specific reasons, including his role in promoting peace and reunion after the Civil War. In a larger sense it exists as a place of study and contemplation of the meaning of some of the most difficult aspects of American History: military service; sacrifice; citizenship; duty; loyalty; slavery and freedom. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Monument consists of a statue of a single Confederate soldier and a roster of the men who served in the Jackson Guards and the slaves who supported them. The only Confederate monument in Arkansas built entirely with funds raised by private subscription, although it was built on a prominent piece of land donated by the city of Hot Springs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Columbia: Confederate Monument (1935). Relocated to the Centralia Battlefield in September, 2015. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Beaumont: "Our Confederate Soldiers" Monument (1912). Removed in June 2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Gonzales: Confederate Soldiers' Monument, Confederate Square. Dedicated on June 3, 1909. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials Bunker Hill, West Virginia: Monument marking the death of Brig.-Gen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials In 1865, at the end of the American Civil War, a substantial number of Southerners left the South; many moved to other parts of the United States, such as the American West, but a few left the country entirely. The most popular country of Southerners emigration was Brazil, which still allowed slavery and wanted to encourage cotton production. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Confederate monuments and memorials The Vermont National Guard is composed of the Vermont Army National Guard and the Vermont Air National Guard. Together, they are collectively known as the Green Mountain Boys. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont National Guard Since most Vermonters had obtained land grants from New Hampshire's governor, they relied on the militia to resist attempts by the government of New York to exert control over the grants. However, Vermonters were also willing to work with the British colonies when it suited them, and several early Vermont settlers served as militia in the French and Indian War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont National Guard Johnson and his staff oversaw the construction of 12 new armories and the modernizing and reorganizing of the Vermont National Guard after World War I. Johnson also advocated improved relations between the regular army and the National Guard, including the standardization of training and unit organizations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont National Guard "Woodstock" was one of the few Déjà Vu tracks where Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young all performed their parts in the same session. Later the original lead vocal by Stephen Stills was partly replaced with a later vocal recorded by Stills, who recalled: "I replaced one and a half verses that were excruciatingly out of tune." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (song) Woodstock' was the first and most exciting. It's still opening new doors to this day." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (song) A small stone with a Grand Army of the Republic medal on the front of it honors the dead Union veterans within the cemetery. The stone was erected in the 2000s by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War Camp Negley Post of Tucson and the Burnside Post of Tombstone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials 4 Civil War Cannon; "whether it was idle curiosity or absence of thought that caused Phil Schaller to fire one of the cannon to awaken the town on July 4, 1895, one will never know. The force of the cannon fire broke all the windows on the south side of the court house and many windows in the Main Street business district. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials The Jeff Beck Group disbanded prior to Woodstock. "I deliberately broke the group up before Woodstock," Beck said. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock The Byrds were invited but chose not to participate, believing that Woodstock would be no different from any of the other music festivals that summer. There were also concerns about money. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock Unlike Bethel, the town of Woodstock made several efforts to capitalize on its connection. Bethel's stance eventually changed and the town began to embrace the festival. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock Bethel's stance eventually changed and the town began to embrace the festival. Efforts were undertaken to forge a link between Bethel and Woodstock. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock In early 1890, artists, models, and other artisans began the work of designing the proposed sculptural elements under the direction of Levi T. Scofield. Maquettes of all of the exterior statuaries as well as various architectural features were produced for review and approval by the Monument Commission. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Due to the fact that the State of Ohio did not complete its official roster of Civil War veterans until the mid 1890s, the names of those who served from the county had to be obtained manually. Using the incomplete records of the Adjutant General of the State of Ohio, Elizabeth Scofield compiled preliminary lists of eligible veterans. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) Using the incomplete records of the Adjutant General of the State of Ohio, Elizabeth Scofield compiled preliminary lists of eligible veterans. From 1889 to 1891, the Commission produced copies of these lists to be disseminated to Civil War veterans and Grand Army of the Republic posts for corrections and verification. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) In September 1901, 36 years after the conclusion of the Civil War, Cleveland hosted the 35th National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. This was the second time Cleveland hosted the National Encampment, the first being the 6th National Encampment which occurred between May 8 and 9, 1872. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland) For all of Woodstock's acumen and talent, he is physically a very poor flyer, which has been a character trait since he first appeared. He flutters around erratically, often upside down, and frequently crashes into things. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Snoopy theorizes Woodstock might be an eagle. Since Snoopy has heard somewhere that eagles are capable of lifting a small child, he suggests Woodstock try that with Linus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Woodstock was not yet even Woodstock. He was Snoopy's secretary, because by then I had also started to have Snoopy do a little bit of writing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) But if Woodstock was Snoopy's secretary, it would most likely mean that this little bird was a girl. Well, having her be a girl spoiled the little relationship between Snoopy and the bird. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Snoopy finally gives up trying to figure it out, and says, "For all I know, you're a duck!" Woodstock then cries and Snoopy hugs him and apologizes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Woodstock then cries and Snoopy hugs him and apologizes. Despite being a bird, Woodstock is a very poor flyer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Despite being a bird, Woodstock is a very poor flyer. It may be because of his small wings, or may be because, due to his mother abandoning him, Snoopy had to teach him to fly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woodstock (Peanuts) Vermont's economic activity of $34 billion in 2018 ranked 52nd on the list of U.S. states and territories by GDP (every state plus Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico were larger), but 34th in GDP per capita. In 2000, the state legislature was the first to recognize civil unions for same-sex couples. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont The wine industry in Vermont started in 1985. As of 2007, there were 14 wineries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont In 2009, the state attained a high of 361,290 workers. As of 2006, there were 305,000 workers in Vermont. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont As of 2006, there were 305,000 workers in Vermont. Eleven percent of these are unionized. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont Summer visitors tour resort towns like Stowe, Manchester, Quechee, Wilmington and Woodstock. The effects of global warming have been predicted to shorten the length of the ski season across Vermont, which would continue the contraction and consolidation of the ski industry in Vermont and threaten individual ski businesses and communities that rely on ski tourism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont This puts Vermont 11th-best in the nation. Most states have a higher bias. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont U.S. Route 4 runs east–west across south-central Vermont from Fair Haven (on the New York state line) to White River Junction (on the New Hampshire state line). U.S. Route 4 also connects the city of Rutland and the towns of Killington and Woodstock. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont Each utility pays a share of transmitting power over these lines. Vermont's share is about 4.5%. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont In 2009, Vermont was ranked second in the nation for safety. Crime statistics on violence were used for the criteria. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont Only Obama's birth state of Hawaii and Washington, D.C. were stronger Democratic victories. The same held true in 2012, when Obama carried Vermont 67% of the vote to 31% for Romney, and in 2016, when Hillary Clinton won with 57% of the vote to 30% for Donald Trump. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont The state stood first in New England. In 2011 Vermont residents were ranked as the healthiest in the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vermont The calf-high pull-on jackboot had been the traditional footwear of the German soldier for generations. The Wehrmacht boot was little different from that of World War I: made of brown pebbled leather (blackened with polish), with hobnailed leather soles and heel-irons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) Officers frequently wore old-style (altere Art) "crusher" peaked caps. Vehicle crews in North Africa wore the same olive tropical uniform as the infantry, including collar Litzen; many tankers pinned their skull insignia to their lapels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) The M40 Tropical tunics of the Afrikakorps, later authorized for summer field wear in Southern Europe, were basically the same cut as the standard army uniform but with open collar and lapels, and made of a medium-weight olive-drab cotton twill which in service faded to khaki. Also olive were the shirt and the seldom-worn necktie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) In about 1942 the Army regularized the practice: depots began issuing an official hot-weather four-pocket field uniform of feldbluse cut but made of the same reed-green HBT material. For the enlisted Heer, these were usually worn with collar insignia and national eagle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniforms of the German Army (1935–1945) On March 4, 1921, the United States Congress approved the burial of an unidentified American serviceman from World War I in the plaza of the new Memorial Amphitheater. On November 11, 1921, the unknown soldier brought back from France was interred below a three-level marble tomb. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington) In the TNG episode "All Good Things...", an alternate timeline showed a uniform with the full color shirt (including shoulders). The same colors were used and the rank insignia would be shown above the right breast over a black line which cut off the shoulder area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Star Trek uniforms Division colors follow the original TOS scheme, with command and flight control officers wearing gold piping, engineering, communications, and security officers wearing red piping, and medical and science officers (including linguists) wearing blue piping. Throughout the series, men and women wear the same type of uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Star Trek uniforms Designs may depend on regiment or service branch (e.g. army, navy, air force, marines). In Western dress codes, full dress uniform is a permitted supplementary alternative equivalent to the civilian white tie for evening wear or morning dress for day wear – sometimes collectively called full dress – although military uniforms are the same for day and evening wear. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The full dress uniform for officer cadet of the Royal Military College of Canada is similar to the universal full dress uniform of the Canadian Army, with minor variation. The full dress uniform used by the Royal Military College has remained essentially the same since the institution's founding in 1876, although the pillbox hat has replaced the shako. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Cadets of the military academy "Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme" wear a Prussian blue uniform with Pickelhaube, based on the uniform worn by the Wilhelmine foot guard regiments. Some military units, including the Chacabuco and Rancagua regiments, wear a uniform from the War of the Pacific during parades, with kepis as headdress. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform In the form adopted after World War II, most regiments were distinguished only by coloured piping on the shoulder straps, coloured hat bands, buttons and badges. However Scottish regiments retained their kilts or trews as well as the distinctive doublets (in "piper green" or dark blue) of the former scarlet uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform This order of uniform lasted through the first half of the twentieth century, being placed 'in abeyance' at the onset of the Second World War, and was worn by Prince Philip at the Coronation of Elizabeth II. In 1960, full dress uniform was reintroduced in the form of Ceremonial Day Dress. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Dress Blue "D" is the dress blue uniform worn with the short sleeve khaki shirt (without coat). Service ribbons and badges may be wornAll the blue uniforms have the same trousers, cover, and black shoes, with the exception of general officers who wear dark blue trousers in the same color as the coat. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform Naval enlisted personnel ranked Petty Officer First Class, E-6, and below also have seasonal uniforms. The dress white and blue uniforms are both of the traditional "sailor suit" or crackerjack type for men, and women wear the same as summertime dress white uniform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The dress white and blue uniforms are both of the traditional "sailor suit" or crackerjack type for men, and women wear the same as summertime dress white uniform. It consists of a pullover shirt, called a jumper, with a V-neck going to a square collar flap, a black neckerchief, and bell-bottomed trousers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Full dress uniform The topology defined by a uniform structure is said to be induced by the uniformity. A uniform structure on a topological space is compatible with the topology if the topology defined by the uniform structure coincides with the original topology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniform space Uniform spaces with uniform maps form a category. An isomorphism between uniform spaces is called a uniform isomorphism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniform space Every metric space (M, d) can be considered as a uniform space. Indeed, since a metric is a fortiori a pseudometric, the pseudometric definition furnishes M with a uniform structure. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Uniform space On Veterans Day 2018, the Army announced that a new Army Green Service Uniform, based on the "pinks and greens" officers' service uniform worn in World War II and the Korean War, would be introduced as the everyday service uniform for all ranks starting in 2020. The uniform became available to soldiers in mid-2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Army Service Uniform The blue service uniform is worn with a white shirt, a black four-in-hand necktie for males or black neck tab for females, and black leather shoes. Headwear includes a matching service cap with branch-of-service colors on the hat band or a beret, with black remaining the default color unless the soldier is authorized a distinctive colored beret. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Army Service Uniform
6447.	Q: What colored scarf is included in Galician Traditional Clothes? Title = 2014-10-18 - Galician Traditional Clothes - Vigo - Spain10.JPG Description = A: Red Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Coco (folklore), One Less Lonely Girl, Santiago de Compostela Cathedral, Breeches, Bonfires of Saint John, Court dress, Trasgu, Hasidic Judaism, James the Great, Evil eye, D. B. Cooper, Hat, Ukrainian nobility of Galicia, Cultural appropriation, Janis Joplin, Wilbur and Wilma, Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces, Murder of Rocío Wanninkhof, Stole (vestment), Woggle Toggle details	He then posts a sign beside the washer that he found her missing scarf. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) One Less Lonely Girl One of the products is a cranberry colored scarf, the same color as a shirt Bieber wore in the music video. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) One Less Lonely Girl One day while he is waiting for his clothes and is tuning his guitar, she drops a scarf, and he picks it up. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) One Less Lonely Girl A long sash at the same colour that the scarf --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bonfires of Saint John The girl comes back the next day however he is not there. He then posts a sign beside the washer that he found her missing scarf. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) One Less Lonely Girl The "One Less Lonely Girl" phrase spawned several products from Bieber's official store to have the coined phrase on them. One of the products is a cranberry colored scarf, the same color as a shirt Bieber wore in the music video. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) One Less Lonely Girl However, the hat remains on Wilbur, and Wilma wears a cardinal-colored bow. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilbur and Wilma Early Scouts tied a knot in their neckerchief (scarf) to fasten it around the neck. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Woggle One of the products is a cranberry colored scarf, the same color as a shirt Bieber wore in the music video. One end of the scarf has a patch with the "One Less Lonely Girl" phrase on it and the other end has a signature by Bieber. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) One Less Lonely Girl Legal professionals in court wear a black robe with colored elements. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Court dress The most ubiquitous is the shtreimel, which is seen especially among Galician and Hungarian sects like Satmar or Belz. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hasidic Judaism The Model 40 uniform abolished the colored or black velvet collars. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces According to the Real Academia Española, the word coco derives from the Galician and Portuguese côco [ˈko.ku], which means "coconut". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Coco (folklore) He leads the girl on a scavenger hunt for the scarf, posting signs with pictures of him on them around the town to encourage her to go on a date with him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) One Less Lonely Girl The sculptures in this portico were a reference point for Galician sculpture until the 15th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santiago de Compostela Cathedral What follows is a summary of Galician traditions surrounding St. John's festival in relation to these three elements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bonfires of Saint John QCs and judges wear long scarf-like ties (known as falls) instead of bands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Court dress In Chinese it is called 邪惡之眼 (Traditional Chinese characters) / 邪恶之眼 (Simplified Chinese characters) (xié è zhī yǎn, literally "evil eye") or simply 邪眼 (xié yǎn). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Evil eye There are other accessories such as the necktie, a light blue scarf and a sabre that complete the uniform. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces The summer version is lighter and almost entirely white colored, with black and golden shoulder pads. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces The most likely origin for the stole, however, is to be connected with the scarf of office among Imperial officials in the Roman Empire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stole (vestment) A stole/scarf/tippet is worn in the Unitarian Universalist religion by some ministers during weekly services. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stole (vestment) It [the scarf] may be fastened at the throat by a knot or woggle, which is some form of ring made of cord, metal or bone, or anything you like. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Woggle One end of the scarf has a patch with the "One Less Lonely Girl" phrase on it and the other end has a signature by Bieber. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) One Less Lonely Girl Tamar Antai of MTV Buzzworthy called the scarf "boundsly adorable" and "a total bargain for less loneliness". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) One Less Lonely Girl He then posts a sign beside the washer that he found her missing scarf. He leads the girl on a scavenger hunt for the scarf, posting signs with pictures of him on them around the town to encourage her to go on a date with him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) One Less Lonely Girl The Obradoiro square in front of the façade alludes to the workshop (obradoiro, in Galician) of stonemasons who worked on the square during the construction of the cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santiago de Compostela Cathedral Breeches are still worn by many Hasidic men, particularly those of Galician or Hungarian origin, such as Satmar and Sanz --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Breeches In some Hasidic groups, such as Satmar, women may wear two headcoverings – a wig and a scarf, or a wig and a hat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hasidic Judaism One of the most contentious issues in this respect was Zionism; the Ruzhin dynasties were quite favourably disposed toward it, while Hungarian and Galician courts reviled it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hasidic Judaism In Galician, it is called "meigallo", from meiga, "witch" (and maybe -allo, diminutive or aumentative suffix; or contracted with either ollo, "eye"; or allo, "garlic"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Evil eye Denis Zubrytsky, first Ukrainian historian in Galicia and major figure in the Galician Russophile movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ukrainian nobility of Galicia In the "Tell Mama" video shown on MTV in the 1980s, Joplin wore a psychedelically colored, loose-fitting costume and feathers in her hair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Janis Joplin Another trademark was her flamboyant hair styles, which often included colored streaks, and accessories such as scarves, beads, and feathers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Janis Joplin The summer uniform is composed of a short-sleeved white shirt, worn with another white T-shirt underneath, both of which are tucked into the classical-cut white trousers and tightened by a belt with a golden colored buckle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uniforms of the Italian Armed Forces According to the Real Academia Española, the word coco derives from the Galician and Portuguese côco [ˈko.ku], which means "coconut". The word coco is used in colloquial speech to refer to the human head in Spanish. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Coco (folklore) The most ubiquitous is the shtreimel, which is seen especially among Galician and Hungarian sects like Satmar or Belz. A taller spodik is donned by Polish dynasties such as Ger. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hasidic Judaism This aroused some negative feelings by the peasants. Russophiles attempted to exploit the differences between nobles and peasants, and there was a stronger tendency to support ideological Russophilia among the nobility than among the general Galician population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ukrainian nobility of Galicia A stole/scarf/tippet is worn in the Unitarian Universalist religion by some ministers during weekly services. The garment is a symbol of ministry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stole (vestment) Early Scouts tied a knot in their neckerchief (scarf) to fasten it around the neck. In the United States, experiments were made with rings made from bone, rope or wood. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Woggle
19925.	Q: What is one thing that the Beskid Museum and the Museum of Natural History have in common? Title = Exhibit Museum of Natural History, Ann Arbor - IMG 9055.JPG Description = Title = Beskid Museum - exhibits 39.JPG Description = A: Some of their exhibits are not encased . Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Moravian-Silesian Beskids, Forked tongue, Unix philosophy, Nowy Sącz, The One Thing (song), The One Thing (book), .museum, Natural science, Museum of Folk Architecture, Sanok, Metropolitan Museum of Art, The One Thing (album), Natural history museum, Natural History Museum, Natural history of disease, Natural History (Pliny), The Museum (album), One Thing (One Direction song), One True Thing, One Thing Right, Silesian Beskids, Ludwik Konarzewski-junior, Museum, The Museum of Everything (museum), Timeline of natural history, Night at the Museum (franchise), Natural history, Forbidden City, One Thing, Museum (disambiguation), No One Saw a Thing, BBC Natural History Unit filmography, The Museum of Innocence (museum), FSM Beskid, Wisła, Natural History Museum, London, American Museum of Natural History, Gorals, Night at the Museum, Sucha Beskidzka, Museum of Cieszyn Silesia Toggle details	The Natural History Museum's main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Natural History Museum, London Carnegie paid £2,000 for the casting, copying the original held at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Natural History Museum, London Write programs that do one thing and do it well. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Unix philosophy Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Unix philosophy Although commonly referred to as the Natural History Museum, it was officially known as British Museum (Natural History) until 1992, despite legal separation from the British Museum itself in 1963. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Natural History Museum, London This teleological view of nature was common in antiquity and is crucial to the understanding of the Natural History. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Natural History (Pliny) The Natural History was one of the first ancient European texts to be printed, in Venice in 1469. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Natural History (Pliny) The museum also publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) American Museum of Natural History The novel Murder at the Museum of Natural History, by Michael Jahn (1994), features the museum. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) American Museum of Natural History The Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation is the oldest in Latvia and the whole of the Baltics, and one of the oldest in Europe. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Museum Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, the Natural History Museum does not charge an admission fee. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Natural History Museum, London His changes led Bill Bryson to write that "by making the Natural History Museum an institution for everyone, Owen transformed our expectations of what museums are for". --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Natural History Museum, London Only with the Museums and Galleries Act 1992 did the museum's formal title finally change to the Natural History Museum. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Natural History Museum, London Since May 2001, the Natural History Museum admission has been free for some events and permanent exhibitions. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Natural History Museum, London Andy Day's CBeebies shows, Andy's Dinosaur Adventures and Andy's Prehistoric Adventures are filmed in the Natural History Museum. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Natural History Museum, London The museum is featured in the How I Met Your Mother episode Natural History, although it is renamed the Natural History Museum. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) American Museum of Natural History Ricky Gervais as Dr. McPhee, the curator of the Museum of Natural History and Larry's boss. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Night at the Museum This is the Unix philosophy: Write programs that do one thing and do it well. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Unix philosophy Even after the opening, the Natural History Museum legally remained a department of the British Museum with the formal name British Museum (Natural History), usually abbreviated in the scientific literature as B.M.(N.H.). --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Natural History Museum, London In 1989 the museum publicly re-branded itself as the Natural History Museum and stopped using the title British Museum (Natural History) on its advertising and its books for general readers. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a natural history museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Natural History Museum, London It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. The Natural History Museum's main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Natural History Museum, London Cecil Fredricks, an elderly security guard about to retire from the American Museum of Natural History, hires Larry despite his unpromising résumé. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Night at the Museum Pliny's Natural History was written alongside other substantial works (which have since been lost). --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Natural History (Pliny) His nephew, Pliny the Younger, described the method that Pliny used to write the Natural History: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Natural History (Pliny) This teleological view of nature was common in antiquity and is crucial to the understanding of the Natural History. The components of nature are not just described in and for themselves, but also with a view to their role in human life. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Natural History (Pliny) When Larry Daley (Ben Stiller), a divorced father who was having trouble finding a job, applies for a job at the American Museum of Natural History, he is assigned as a night guard. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Night at the Museum (franchise) In 2007, the museum announced that the name would be changed to the Natural History Museum at Tring, though the older name, the Walter Rothschild Zoological Museum, is still in widespread use. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Natural History Museum, London On a smaller scale, expeditions continue into the present. The museum also publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) American Museum of Natural History "Museum officials at the American Museum of Natural History have credited the film for increasing the number of visitors during the holiday season by almost 20%. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Night at the Museum Cecil Fredricks, an elderly security guard about to retire from the American Museum of Natural History, hires Larry despite his unpromising résumé. The museum, which is rapidly losing money, plans to replace Cecil and his two colleagues Gus and Reginald with one guard. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Night at the Museum The phrase "speaks with a forked tongue" means to deliberately say one thing and mean another or, to be hypocritical, or act in a duplicitous manner. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Forked tongue One of the concepts it illustrates is "time blocking", which means that one should focus on only their one thing during a given amount of time. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) The One Thing (book) The Natural History is encyclopaedic in scope, but its format is unlike a modern encyclopaedia. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Natural History (Pliny) George speaks to Ellen of how much he loved Kate, considering her his muse, his "one true thing." --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) One True Thing An example is the Ozurgeti History Museum, an ethnographic museum in Georgia. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Museum According to one of the researchers, "If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe." --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Timeline of natural history The Natural History Museum's own mineralogy displays remain largely unchanged as an example of the 19th-century display techniques of the Waterhouse building. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Natural History Museum, London Since May 2001, the Natural History Museum admission has been free for some events and permanent exhibitions. However, there are certain temporary exhibits and shows that require a fee. --- (0.17, 0.07, 0.1) Natural History Museum, London Museum Lane immediately to the north provides disabled access to the museum. A connecting bridge between the Natural History and Science museums closed to the public in the late 1990s. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Natural History Museum, London An episode of Mad About You, titled "Natural History", is set in the museum. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) American Museum of Natural History The Natural History was one of the first ancient European texts to be printed, in Venice in 1469. Philemon Holland's English translation of 1601 has influenced literature ever since. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Natural History (Pliny) The Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation is the oldest in Latvia and the whole of the Baltics, and one of the oldest in Europe. It was founded and opened to public in 1773 by the Riga Town Council as Himsel Museum. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Museum Although commonly referred to as the Natural History Museum, it was officially known as British Museum (Natural History) until 1992, despite legal separation from the British Museum itself in 1963. Originating from collections within the British Museum, the landmark Alfred Waterhouse building was built and opened by 1881 and later incorporated the Geological Museum. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Natural History Museum, London The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH) is a natural history museum on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) American Museum of Natural History In the episode Top Chef: All-Stars, "Night at the Museum", both the Quickfire Challenge and Elimination Challenge required the chef contestants to cook at the American Museum of Natural History. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) American Museum of Natural History Ben Stiller as Lawrence "Larry" Daley, a night-shift security guard at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Night at the Museum Natural history of disease is one of the major elements of descriptive epidemiology. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural history of disease The Natural History (Latin: Naturalis Historia) is a work by Pliny the Elder. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History (Pliny) Pliny's purpose in writing the Natural History was to cover all learning and art so far as they are connected with nature or draw their materials from nature. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History (Pliny) Pliny had gone to investigate the strange cloud – "shaped like an umbrella pine", according to his nephew – rising from the mountain. The Natural History was one of the first ancient European texts to be printed, in Venice in 1469. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History (Pliny) A connecting bridge between the Natural History and Science museums closed to the public in the late 1990s. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a natural history museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History Museum, London In 1989 the museum publicly re-branded itself as the Natural History Museum and stopped using the title British Museum (Natural History) on its advertising and its books for general readers. Only with the Museums and Galleries Act 1992 did the museum's formal title finally change to the Natural History Museum. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History Museum, London The NHM took ownership in 1938. In 2007, the museum announced that the name would be changed to the Natural History Museum at Tring, though the older name, the Walter Rothschild Zoological Museum, is still in widespread use. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Natural History Museum, London The mission statement of the American Museum of Natural History is: "To discover, interpret, and disseminate—through scientific research and education—knowledge about human cultures, the natural world, and the universe." --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) American Museum of Natural History Make each program do one thing well. To do a new job, build afresh rather than complicate old programs by adding new "features". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Unix philosophy One of the concepts it illustrates is "time blocking", which means that one should focus on only their one thing during a given amount of time. It also suggests that readers should schedule time to reflect, plan, and even relax. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) The One Thing (book) The Metropolitan Museum owns one of the world's largest collection of works of art of the Islamic world. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Metropolitan Museum of Art Amateur collectors and natural history entrepreneurs played an important role in building the world's large natural history collections, such as the Natural History Museum, London, and the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Natural history The Natural History Museum Library contains extensive books, journals, manuscripts, and artwork collections linked to the work and research of the scientific departments; access to the library is by appointment only. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Natural History Museum, London Finally, with the passing of the British Museum Act 1963, the British Museum (Natural History) became an independent museum with its own board of trustees, although – despite a proposed amendment to the act in the House of Lords – the former name was retained. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Natural History Museum, London His proposal, backed by his powerful sponsors, won the support of the Governor of New York, John Thompson Hoffman, who signed a bill officially creating the American Museum of Natural History on April 6, 1869. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) American Museum of Natural History Paul Milstein was a real estate developer, business leader and philanthropist and Irma Milstein is a long-time Board member of the American Museum of Natural History. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) American Museum of Natural History It tells the story of a divorced father who applies for a job as a night watchman at New York City's American Museum of Natural History and subsequently discovers that the exhibits, animated by a magical Egyptian artifact, come to life at night. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Night at the Museum The building featured in the film, which was constructed on a sound stage in Burnaby, British Columbia, is based on the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, external shots of which were used in the movie. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Night at the Museum The Natural History is generally divided into the organic plants and animals and the inorganic matter, although there are frequent digressions in each section. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Natural History (Pliny) Carnegie paid £2,000 for the casting, copying the original held at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. The pieces were sent to London in 36 crates, and on 12 May 1905, the exhibit was unveiled to great public and media interest. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Natural History Museum, London In one thing Apelles stood out, namely, knowing when he had put enough work into a painting, a salutary warning that too much effort can be counterproductive. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Natural History (Pliny) A major section of the Natural History, Books XX to XXIX, discusses matters related to medicine, especially plants that yield useful drugs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Natural History (Pliny) Today the Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation collections number more than 500 000 items, systematised in about 80 collections. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Museum The Museo del Prado in Madrid was founded in 1785 by Charles III of Spain, originally to house the Natural History Cabinet. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Museum Santa Cruz Museum of Art and History (MAH), which currently hosts collaborative Pop Up Museums around Santa Cruz County. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Museum University of Louisiana in Lafayette has also created a mobile museum as part of the graduate program in History. The project is called Museum on the Move. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Museum This is a chronological list of selected television programmes and feature films produced or co-produced by the BBC Natural History Unit since its inception in 1957. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) BBC Natural History Unit filmography Wisła is also the home of the Beskid Museum displaying agricultural tools, folk costumes and goatskin bagpipes from the surrounding region. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wisła Many of these faults were corrected by the palaeontologist Richard Owen, appointed Superintendent of the natural history departments of the British Museum in 1856. His changes led Bill Bryson to write that "by making the Natural History Museum an institution for everyone, Owen transformed our expectations of what museums are for". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Natural History Museum, London The cast was given as a gift by the Scottish-American industrialist Andrew Carnegie, after a discussion with King Edward VII, then a keen trustee of the British Museum. Carnegie paid £2,000 for the casting, copying the original held at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Natural History Museum, London In 2010, a six-part BBC documentary series was filmed at the museum entitled Museum of Life exploring the history and behind the scenes aspects of the museum. Since May 2001, the Natural History Museum admission has been free for some events and permanent exhibitions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Natural History Museum, London In 1976, animal rights activist Henry Spira led a campaign against vivisection on cats that the American Museum of Natural History had been conducting for 20 years, intended to research the impact of certain types of mutilation on the sex lives of cats. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) American Museum of Natural History The museum was the setting for the 1970 novel The Great Dinosaur Robbery by David Forrest, but was not featured in the film adaptation One of Our Dinosaurs Is Missing, which was set in the Natural History Museum in London, England. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) American Museum of Natural History The AMNH is featured in the video game Grand Theft Auto IV and Episodes from Liberty City expansions The Lost and Damned and The Ballad of Gay Tony where it is known as the Liberty State Natural History Museum. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) American Museum of Natural History Bickmore, a one-time student of zoologist Louis Agassiz, lobbied tirelessly for years for the establishment of a natural history museum in New York. His proposal, backed by his powerful sponsors, won the support of the Governor of New York, John Thompson Hoffman, who signed a bill officially creating the American Museum of Natural History on April 6, 1869. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) American Museum of Natural History Apart from the permanent exhibition At the Crossroads of History and Culture, the Museum offers temporary exhibitions of varied themes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History provides a one thousand year overview of Greek art from 1000 BCE to 1 CE. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Metropolitan Museum of Art Again, the First World Congress on the Preservation and Conservation of Natural History Collections took place in Madrid, from 10 May 1992 to 15 May 1992. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural history museum After an initial survey of cosmology and geography, Pliny starts his treatment of animals with the human race, "for whose sake great Nature appears to have created all other things". This teleological view of nature was common in antiquity and is crucial to the understanding of the Natural History. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural History (Pliny) The Natural History consists of 37 books. Pliny devised a summarium, or list of contents, at the beginning of the work that was later interpreted by modern printers as a table of contents. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural History (Pliny) The Natural History is generally divided into the organic plants and animals and the inorganic matter, although there are frequent digressions in each section. The encyclopedia also notes the uses made of all of these by the Romans. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural History (Pliny) The British Museum was described by one of their delegates as a 'hakubutsukan', a 'house of extensive things' – this would eventually become accepted as the equivalent word for 'museum' in Japan and China. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Museum Many specialized museums have been established such as the National LGBT Museum in New York City and the National Women's History Museum planned for the National Mall. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Museum The Museo del Prado in Madrid was founded in 1785 by Charles III of Spain, originally to house the Natural History Cabinet. Later, the building was converted into the new Royal Museum of Paintings and Sculptures, opened to the public in 1819, with the aim of showing the works of art belonging to the Spanish Crown. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Museum The Palace Museum has one of the largest collections of mechanical timepieces of the 18th and 19th centuries in the world, with more than 1,000 pieces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Forbidden City It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural History Museum, London The museum's galleries were completely rebuilt and relaunched in 1996 as The Earth Galleries, with the other exhibitions in the Waterhouse building retitled The Life Galleries. The Natural History Museum's own mineralogy displays remain largely unchanged as an example of the 19th-century display techniques of the Waterhouse building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Natural History Museum, London There is a low-level floor direct access into the museum via the 81st Street–Museum of Natural History subway station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line at the south end of the upper platform (where uptown trains arrive). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) American Museum of Natural History The hall was renovated once again in 2003, this time with environmentalism and conservation being the main focal points. Paul Milstein was a real estate developer, business leader and philanthropist and Irma Milstein is a long-time Board member of the American Museum of Natural History. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) American Museum of Natural History In 1976, animal rights activist Henry Spira led a campaign against vivisection on cats that the American Museum of Natural History had been conducting for 20 years, intended to research the impact of certain types of mutilation on the sex lives of cats. The museum halted the research in 1977. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) American Museum of Natural History The branches of the Museum are located in the following places: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia Apart from the permanent exhibition At the Crossroads of History and Culture, the Museum offers temporary exhibitions of varied themes. The branches of the Museum are located in the following places: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia For instance, the book suggests that readers should engage in four hours of work on their "ONE thing" each day. The authors cite economist Vilfredo Pareto as one of the inspirations behind this philosophy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The One Thing (book) The third section of the book discusses "Extraordinary Results", which details how to make the above principles actionable. One of the concepts it illustrates is "time blocking", which means that one should focus on only their one thing during a given amount of time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The One Thing (book) The Rural Architecture Museum of Sanok (Polish: Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku) is one of the biggest open-air museums in Poland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Museum of Folk Architecture, Sanok Knowledge of the natural history of disease ranks alongside causal understanding in importance for disease prevention and control. Natural history of disease is one of the major elements of descriptive epidemiology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural history of disease Pliny's Natural History became a model for later encyclopedias and scholarly works as a result of its breadth of subject matter, its referencing of original authors, and its index. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History (Pliny) "As full of variety as nature itself", stated Pliny's nephew, Pliny the Younger, and this verdict largely explains the appeal of the Natural History since Pliny's death in the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History (Pliny) He describes comets, noting that only Aristotle has recorded seeing more than one at once. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History (Pliny) Paula Findlen, writing in the Cambridge History of Science, asserts that Natural history was an ancient form of scientific knowledge, most closely associated with the writings of the Roman encyclopedist Pliny the Elder ... --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History (Pliny) Pliny's Natural History was written alongside other substantial works (which have since been lost). Pliny (AD 23–79) combined his scholarly activities with a busy career as an imperial administrator for the emperor Vespasian. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History (Pliny) George speaks to Ellen of how much he loved Kate, considering her his muse, his "one true thing." Ellen is explaining to her father how to plant the daffodil bulbs and he is helping, foreshadowing, it seems, their reconciliation based on mutual long overdue appreciation of Kate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) One True Thing The only thing he doesn't screw up is the love he's somehow found while being such a rascal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) One Thing Right The works of Ludwik Konarzewski Jr. are part of the collections of the following institutions: The Museum of the History of Katowice (Muzeum Historii Katowic), The Beskid Museum in Wisła (Muzeum Beskidzkie w Wiśle) and in the artist’s house and studio in Istebna in Cieszyn Silesia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwik Konarzewski-junior Some seek to reach a wide audience, such as a national or state museum, while some museums have specific audiences, like the LDS Church History Museum or local history organizations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Museum Nothing remains of it except books written by himself, which are now in the library of the National Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Museum Notable museums include the Natural History Museum in London, the Oxford University Museum of Natural History in Oxford, the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris, the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, and the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Museum "Remains of biotic life" were found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. According to one of the researchers, "If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Timeline of natural history Natural history encompasses scientific research but is not limited to it. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural history A brief synopsis of pre-1957 radio and television programmes on a natural history theme made by the BBC is given in the History section of the main BBC Natural History Unit article. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BBC Natural History Unit filmography It is also known for being the home town of ski jumper Adam Małysz. Wisła is also the home of the Beskid Museum displaying agricultural tools, folk costumes and goatskin bagpipes from the surrounding region. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wisła one of only 12 found and generally accepted by palaeontologists to be the oldest known bird --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum Library contains extensive books, journals, manuscripts, and artwork collections linked to the work and research of the scientific departments; access to the library is by appointment only. The museum is recognised as the pre-eminent centre of natural history and research of related fields in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Natural History Museum, London As the "New York Museum of Natural History", the museum is a favorite setting in many Douglas Preston and Lincoln Child novels, including Relic (1995), Reliquary (1997), The Cabinet of Curiosities (2002), and The Book of the Dead (2007). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) American Museum of Natural History The museum also publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. In 1976, animal rights activist Henry Spira led a campaign against vivisection on cats that the American Museum of Natural History had been conducting for 20 years, intended to research the impact of certain types of mutilation on the sex lives of cats. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) American Museum of Natural History The building featured in the film, which was constructed on a sound stage in Burnaby, British Columbia, is based on the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, external shots of which were used in the movie. Trainers spent several weeks training Crystal, who plays the troublemaking monkey Dexter, to slap and bite Stiller in the film. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Night at the Museum "Museum officials at the American Museum of Natural History have credited the film for increasing the number of visitors during the holiday season by almost 20%. According to a museum official, between December 22, 2006, and January 2, 2007, there were 50,000 more visitors than during the same period the prior year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Night at the Museum Natural Sciences (Cambridge), for the Tripos at the University of Cambridge --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Natural science In 2009 Michael Gross published The Secret History of the Moguls and the Money That Made the Metropolitan Museum, an unauthorized social history, and the museum bookstore declined to sell it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Metropolitan Museum of Art Isidore of Seville's Etymologiae (The Etymologies, c. 600–625) quotes from Pliny 45 times in Book XII alone; Books XII, XIII and XIV are all based largely on the Natural History. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Natural History (Pliny) These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Museum The Pop-Up Museum of Queer History – a series of pop-up museum events held at various sites across the United States focusing on the history and stories of local LGBT communities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Museum Museum purposes vary from institution to institution. Some favor education over conservation, or vice versa. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Museum The Museum of Everything exhibited at the Kunsthal in Rotterdam in 2016. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Museum of Everything (museum) The Museum of Everything presents works by hundreds of artists, including: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Museum of Everything (museum) Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009) === --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Night at the Museum (franchise) Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb (2014) === --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Night at the Museum (franchise) The Palace Museum was then established in the Forbidden City in 1925. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Forbidden City Of these, the Pavilion of the Rain of Flowers is one of the most important. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Forbidden City The Palace Museum has one of the largest collections of mechanical timepieces of the 18th and 19th centuries in the world, with more than 1,000 pieces. The collection contains both Chinese- and foreign-made pieces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Forbidden City While all seven Beskid prototypes were slated for destruction, six were saved. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) FSM Beskid Dr George Shaw (Keeper of Natural History 1806–1813) sold many specimens to the Royal College of Surgeons and had periodic cremations of material in the grounds of the museum. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Natural History Museum, London The real fossil had yet to be mounted, as the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh was still being constructed to house it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Natural History Museum, London It attempts to show how vast and varied the oceans are while encouraging common themes throughout. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) American Museum of Natural History AMNH has a full-time scientific staff of 225, sponsors over 120 special field expeditions each year, and averages about five million visits annually. The mission statement of the American Museum of Natural History is: "To discover, interpret, and disseminate—through scientific research and education—knowledge about human cultures, the natural world, and the universe." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) American Museum of Natural History Teddy helps Larry by restoring order, but only for one night. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Night at the Museum McPhee gives him one more chance, saying if anything else funny happens, it's over. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Night at the Museum The Scientific Library of the Museum of Cieszyn Silesia = --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia The Museum organises museum classes related to the following areas of science: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia A common behavioral characteristic that has evolved in those with forked tongues is that they tend to be wide foragers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Forked tongue In 1936, the Museum of Sącz Land was opened in the restored royal castle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nowy Sącz Next thing we knew we had a top 40 hit in America and were opening for Adam Ant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The One Thing (song) The book discusses the value of simplifying one's workload by focusing on the one most important task in any given project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The One Thing (book) The authors cite economist Vilfredo Pareto as one of the inspirations behind this philosophy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The One Thing (book) Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural science "I don't see what one's interpretation of Aristotle has to do with the teaching of the faith," he wrote in 1271. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural science Natural philosophers came to view nature increasingly as a mechanism that could be taken apart and understood, much like a complex clock. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural science That includes objects we can see with our naked eyes. Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural science The entrance to the Museum is across the bridge over the river San (Rybicki street). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum of Folk Architecture, Sanok The main building at 1000 Fifth Avenue, along the Museum Mile on the eastern edge of Central Park in Manhattan's Upper East Side, is by area one of the world's largest art galleries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Metropolitan Museum of Art The Museum of Costume Art was founded by Aline Bernstein and Irene Lewisohn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Metropolitan Museum of Art After his death in 1969, the Robert Lehman Foundation donated close to 3,000 works of art to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Housed in the Robert Lehman Wing, which opened to the public in 1975 and largely financed by the Lehman Foundation, the museum has called it "one of the most extraordinary private art collections ever assembled in the United States". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Metropolitan Museum of Art Organised by the League of Nations, the first International Museography Congress happened in Madrid in 1934. Again, the First World Congress on the Preservation and Conservation of Natural History Collections took place in Madrid, from 10 May 1992 to 15 May 1992. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural history museum He acknowledges his obligations to his predecessors: "To own up to those who were the means of one's own achievements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History (Pliny) I remember that one of his friends, when the reader pronounced a word wrongly, checked him and made him read it again, and my uncle said to him, "Did you not catch the meaning? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History (Pliny) He refers to using one hard mineral to scratch another, presaging the Mohs hardness scale. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History (Pliny) The Natural History is encyclopaedic in scope, but its format is unlike a modern encyclopaedia. However, it does have structure: Pliny uses Aristotle's division of nature (animal, vegetable, mineral) to recreate the natural world in literary form. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History (Pliny) "As full of variety as nature itself", stated Pliny's nephew, Pliny the Younger, and this verdict largely explains the appeal of the Natural History since Pliny's death in the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79. Pliny had gone to investigate the strange cloud – "shaped like an umbrella pine", according to his nephew – rising from the mountain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History (Pliny) As both tracks had elusive attributes, the trio decided to merge the two into one song. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) One Thing (One Direction song) From a visitor or community perspective, the purpose can also depend on one's point of view. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The British Museum in London, was founded in 1753 and opened to the public in 1759. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum It was founded and opened to public in 1773 by the Riga Town Council as Himsel Museum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Indian Museum, Kolkata, established in 1814 is the oldest museum in India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Educator – Museum educators are responsible for educating museum audiences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Museum creation begins with a museum plan, created through a museum planning process. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Some, such as the Western Australian Museum, exhibit maritime archaeological materials. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum This Museum has also developed a 'museum-without-walls' through a series of underwater wreck trails. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Another early public museum was the British Museum in London, which opened to the public in 1759. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The Czartoryski Museum in Kraków was established in 1796 by Princess Izabela Czartoryska. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The Brooklyn Children's Museum was established in 1899 by the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Others choose one particular narrative, usually the one deemed most historically significant, and restore the home to that particular period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago is a very popular museum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The National Museum of Crime & Punishment explores the science of solving crimes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Japan first encountered Western museum institutions when it participated in Europe's World's Fairs in the 1860s. The British Museum was described by one of their delegates as a 'hakubutsukan', a 'house of extensive things' – this would eventually become accepted as the equivalent word for 'museum' in Japan and China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Europe Association of Children's Museum (HO!E), established in 1994, with member institutions in 34 countries as of 2007. Many museums that are members of ACM offer reciprocal memberships, allowing members of one museum to visit all the others for free. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum Many specialized museums have been established such as the National LGBT Museum in New York City and the National Women's History Museum planned for the National Mall. The majority of museums across the country that tell state and local history also follow this example. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum The Museum of Everything staged its first exhibition in London in October 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Museum of Everything (museum) The Museum of Everything was an Official Participant in the 2013 Venice Biennale. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Museum of Everything (museum) The Museum of Everything exhibited at the Museum of Old and New Art in 2017. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Museum of Everything (museum) Supercontinent Columbia forms, one of whose fragments being Nena. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Timeline of natural history Quetzalcoatlus, one of the largest flying animals to ever live, first appears in the fossil record. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Timeline of natural history Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again (2021) === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Night at the Museum (franchise) The Palace Museum holds 340,000 pieces of ceramics and porcelain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Forbidden City A significant part of the collection is ceremonial bronzeware from the imperial court. The Palace Museum has one of the largest collections of mechanical timepieces of the 18th and 19th centuries in the world, with more than 1,000 pieces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Forbidden City This is a chronological list of selected television programmes and feature films produced or co-produced by the BBC Natural History Unit since its inception in 1957. It is not intended to be exhaustive given the large amount of material the Unit has produced in its history, but it does capture all the major TV series and films for which it has gained recognition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BBC Natural History Unit filmography It consists of a series of displays, each corresponding to one of the 83 chapters in the novel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Museum of Innocence (museum) Wisła is also home to Wisła Castle – one of the official residences of the President of Poland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wisła In collaboration with the BBC's Natural History Unit (holder of the largest archive of natural history footage) the Attenborough Studio—named after the broadcaster Sir David Attenborough—provides a multimedia environment for educational events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History Museum, London The Natural History museum combines the museum's life and earth science collections with specialist expertise in "taxonomy, systematics, biodiversity, natural resources, planetary science, evolution and informatics" to tackle scientific questions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History Museum, London Museum Lane immediately to the north provides disabled access to the museum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History Museum, London Dr George Shaw (Keeper of Natural History 1806–1813) sold many specimens to the Royal College of Surgeons and had periodic cremations of material in the grounds of the museum. His successors also applied to the trustees for permission to destroy decayed specimens. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History Museum, London First specimen of Archaeopteryx ever discovered, one of only 12 found and generally accepted by palaeontologists to be the oldest known bird --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Natural History Museum, London Campbell would be involved, in one capacity or another, with several other subsequent expeditions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) American Museum of Natural History The 1914 popular silent cartoon Gertie the Dinosaur was set in the Museum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) American Museum of Natural History The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH) is a natural history museum on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. In Theodore Roosevelt Park, across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 26 interconnected buildings housing 45 permanent exhibition halls, in addition to a planetarium and a library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) American Museum of Natural History Paul Milstein was a real estate developer, business leader and philanthropist and Irma Milstein is a long-time Board member of the American Museum of Natural History. The 2003 renovation included refurbishment of the famous blue whale, suspended high above the 19,000 square foot (1,750 m2) exhibit floor, and updating of the 1930s and 1960s dioramas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) American Museum of Natural History The museum is at 79th Street and Central Park West, accessible via the B and ​C trains of the New York City Subway. There is a low-level floor direct access into the museum via the 81st Street–Museum of Natural History subway station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line at the south end of the upper platform (where uptown trains arrive). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) American Museum of Natural History Jed and Octavius crash their remote-controlled Hummer at one point, but return heroically and surprisingly unharmed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Night at the Museum The Museum of Cieszyn Silesia (Polish: Muzeum Śląska Cieszyńskiego) in Cieszyn is one of the oldest public museums in Central Europe and the oldest public museum in Poland, set up by father Leopold Jan Szersznik in 1802. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia The Museum of Cieszyn Silesia is the main organiser of the Cieszyn Night of Museums. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia A common behavioral characteristic that has evolved in those with forked tongues is that they tend to be wide foragers. Hummingbirds also have tongues that split at the tip. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forked tongue Patrick Volkerding, the project lead of Slackware Linux, invoked this design principle in a criticism of the systemd architecture, stating that, "attempting to control services, sockets, devices, mounts, etc., all within one daemon flies in the face of the Unix concept of doing one thing and doing it well." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Unix philosophy The vast majority of user programs were never affected because they did not handle or experience signals other than SIGINT and would die right away if one was raised. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Unix philosophy MKS Beskid Nowy Sącz – a handball team, playing in the Polish First Division --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nowy Sącz For instance, the book suggests that readers should engage in four hours of work on their "ONE thing" each day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The One Thing (book) According to the book, this means that engaging in the one most important task will be more likely to produce the desired results without any extraneous effort. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The One Thing (book) While the title is easily marketable I felt the insight was really profound and one of those books I'll definitely need to reference throughout my journey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The One Thing (book) It was also voted one of the Top 100 Business Books of All Time on Goodreads. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The One Thing (book) Physics embodies the study of the fundamental constituents of the universe, the forces and interactions they exert on one another, and the results produced by these interactions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural science Natural phenomena such as earthquakes and eclipses were explained increasingly in the context of nature itself instead of being attributed to angry gods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural science In his History of Animals, he described the inner workings of 110 species, including the stingray, catfish and bee. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural science Natural philosophy appeared in a wide range of forms, from treatises to encyclopedias to commentaries on Aristotle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural science The Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in 1870 to bring art and art education to the American people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art The first curator was Albert Lythgoe, who directed several Egyptian excavations for the Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art The Met's Department of Arms and Armor is one of the museum's most popular collections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art The Greek and Roman Art department page provides a department overview and links to collection highlights and digital assets. The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History provides a one thousand year overview of Greek art from 1000 BCE to 1 CE. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History provides a one thousand year overview of Greek art from 1000 BCE to 1 CE. More than 33,000 Greek and Roman objects can be referenced in the Met Digital Collection via a search engine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum owns one of the world's largest collection of works of art of the Islamic world. The collection also includes artifacts and works of art of cultural and secular origin from the time period indicated by the rise of Islam predominantly from the Near East and in contrast to the Ancient Near Eastern collections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Metropolitan Museum of Art A dual arrangement of museums was pioneered by J. Edward Gray, who worked with the British Museum in the 1860s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural history museum Natural history museums became a story of our world, telling different organisms narratives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural history museum Botany is handled in Books XII to XVIII, with Theophrastus as one of Pliny's sources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) "The Italian author Italo Calvino, in his 1991 book Why Read the Classics?, wrote that while people often consult Pliny's Natural History for facts and curiosities, he is an author who "deserves an extended read, for the measured movement of his prose, which is enlivened by his admiration for everything that exists and his respect for the infinite diversity of all phenomena". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) Greek historian Herodotus (whose history was a broad mixture of myths, legends, and facts), but Pliny made them better known. "As full of variety as nature itself", stated Pliny's nephew, Pliny the Younger, and this verdict largely explains the appeal of the Natural History since Pliny's death in the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) He cites Posidonius's estimate that the moon is 230,000 miles away. He describes comets, noting that only Aristotle has recorded seeing more than one at once. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) A major section of the Natural History, Books XX to XXIX, discusses matters related to medicine, especially plants that yield useful drugs. Pliny lists over 900 drugs, compared to 600 in Dioscorides's De Materia Medica, 550 in Theophrastus, and 650 in Galen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) Paula Findlen, writing in the Cambridge History of Science, asserts that Natural history was an ancient form of scientific knowledge, most closely associated with the writings of the Roman encyclopedist Pliny the Elder ... His loquacious and witty Historia naturalis offered an expansive definition of this subject. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History (Pliny) The lyrical story is that of a man who lies, steals and always gets himself in trouble. The only thing he doesn't screw up is the love he's somehow found while being such a rascal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) One Thing Right Silesian Beskids (Polish: Beskid Śląski, Czech: Slezské Beskydy, German: Schlesische Beskiden) is one of the Beskids mountain ranges in Outer Western Carpathians in southern Silesian Voivodeship, Poland and the eastern Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Silesian Beskids For example, in the 1970s, the Canada Science and Technology Museum favored education over preservation of their objects. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Hermitage Museum was founded in 1764 by Catherine the Great and has been open to the public since 1852. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Teylers Museum in Haarlem (The Netherlands) established in 1778 and is the oldest Dutch museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Louvre Museum in Paris (France), also a former royal palace, opened to the public in 1793. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Charleston Museum was established in 1773 thereby making it the first museum in the Southern United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum When the British Museum opened to the public in 1759, it was a concern that large crowds could damage the artifacts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum After the house of Medici was extinguished, the art treasures remained in Florence, forming one of the first modern museums. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The idea behind the Brooklyn Children's Museum implicitly acknowledged that existing American museums were not designed with children in mind. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The beginnings of the living history museum can be traced back to 1873 with the opening of the Skansen Museum near Stockholm, Sweden. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum Museums, like the Mütter Museum, added medical instruments and equipment to their collections to preserve and teach the history of the medical profession. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum University of Louisiana in Lafayette has also created a mobile museum as part of the graduate program in History. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The first one was King Oscar II's collection near Oslo in Norway, opened in 1881. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Corning Museum of Glass is devoted to the art, history, and science of glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The Great American Dollhouse Museum in Danville, Kentucky, depicts American social history in miniature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum Some seek to reach a wide audience, such as a national or state museum, while some museums have specific audiences, like the LDS Church History Museum or local history organizations. Generally speaking, museums collect objects of significance that comply with their mission statement for conservation and display. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum The rich and diverse collections of the museum originated from an art and natural sciences collection of Nikolaus von Himsel (1729–1764), a Riga doctor. Today the Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation collections number more than 500 000 items, systematised in about 80 collections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum Meiosis and sexual reproduction are present in single-celled eukaryotes, and possibly in the common ancestor of all eukaryotes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Timeline of natural history Long-necked sauropod dinosaurs and Coelophysis, one of the earliest theropod dinosaurs, evolve. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Timeline of natural history Earliest species of Triceratops. Quetzalcoatlus, one of the largest flying animals to ever live, first appears in the fossil record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Timeline of natural history In October 2020, the film was officially titled Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Night at the Museum (franchise) Natural history begins with Aristotle and other ancient philosophers who analyzed the diversity of the natural world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural history It was widely read for more than 1,500 years until supplanted in the Renaissance, making it one of the longest-lasting of all natural history books. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural history The museum which is based in these buildings is known as the "Palace Museum" (Chinese: 故宫博物院; pinyin: Gùgōng Bówùyùan). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forbidden City A common myth states that there are 9,999 rooms including antechambers, based on oral tradition, and it is not supported by survey evidence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forbidden City From 1933, the threat of Japanese invasion forced the evacuation of the most important parts of the Museum's collection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forbidden City Of the 13,491 boxes of evacuated artefacts, 2,972 boxes are now housed in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forbidden City Jade has a unique place in Chinese culture. The Museum's collection includes some 30,000 pieces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Forbidden City On 17 May 2014, the museum was announced as the winner of the 2014 European Museum of the Year Award. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Museum of Innocence (museum) Team was lead by Wiesław Wiatrak who later used Beskid as his daily car and finally passed it to museum in Kraków. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) FSM Beskid However, it is also suggested that Beskid was in fact a back-up measure if licensing talks were unsuccessful; finally Fiat Cinquecento was produced in FSM. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) FSM Beskid After issuing the Patent of Toleration in 1781, they subsequently organized a local Lutheran parish as one of over ten in the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wisła Originating from collections within the British Museum, the landmark Alfred Waterhouse building was built and opened by 1881 and later incorporated the Geological Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History Museum, London A petition to the Chancellor of the Exchequer was made in 1866, signed by the heads of the Royal, Linnean and Zoological societies as well as naturalists including Darwin, Wallace and Huxley, asking that the museum gain independence from the board of the British Museum, and heated discussions on the matter continued for nearly one hundred years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History Museum, London Latrobe nugget, one of the largest known clusters of cubic gold crystals --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History Museum, London Most of the Sloane collection had disappeared by the early decades of the nineteenth century. Dr George Shaw (Keeper of Natural History 1806–1813) sold many specimens to the Royal College of Surgeons and had periodic cremations of material in the grounds of the museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Natural History Museum, London Osborn consolidated the museum's expansion, developing it into one of the world's foremost natural history museums. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) American Museum of Natural History Although Chapman was not the first to create museum dioramas, he was responsible for many of the innovations that would separate and eventually define the dioramas in the American Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) American Museum of Natural History The museum in the film Night at the Museum (2006) is based on a 1993 book that was set at the AMNH (The Night at the Museum). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) American Museum of Natural History The museum, which is rapidly losing money, plans to replace Cecil and his two colleagues Gus and Reginald with one guard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Night at the Museum As Larry deals with Dexter and the warring miniatures, one of the Neanderthals notices a trash fire through the open window and leaps out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Night at the Museum Night at the Museum had its premiere in New York City on December 17, 2006. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Night at the Museum While Larry is dealing with the fire, Dexter unlocks and opens a window. As Larry deals with Dexter and the warring miniatures, one of the Neanderthals notices a trash fire through the open window and leaps out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Night at the Museum The set comes from the collection initiated by Oskar Weismann, the creator of the Town Museum set up in 1901. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia The Scientific Library of the Museum of Cieszyn Silesia was set up as a museum library along with the creation of the museum in 1901. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia In 1960 the Museum donated a part of its collection to a newly set up branch of the Silesian Library (currently Książnica Cieszyńska). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia In September in the courtyard of the Museum and the Park of Peace a cyclical outdoor event is organised. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia In 1936, the Museum of Sącz Land was opened in the restored royal castle. Nowy Sącz had a population of around 34,000 in 1939. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nowy Sącz The Rural Architecture Museum of Sanok (Polish: Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku) is one of the biggest open-air museums in Poland. It was established in 1958 by Aleksander Rybicki and contains 200 buildings which have been relocated from different areas of Sanok Land (Low Beskids, Pogórze Bukowskie, Doły Jasielsko Sanockie). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum of Folk Architecture, Sanok Its permanent collection contains over two million works, divided among 17 curatorial departments. The main building at 1000 Fifth Avenue, along the Museum Mile on the eastern edge of Central Park in Manhattan's Upper East Side, is by area one of the world's largest art galleries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Metropolitan Museum of Art The first curator was Albert Lythgoe, who directed several Egyptian excavations for the Museum. Since 2013 the curator has been Diana Craig Patch. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Metropolitan Museum of Art Natural history museums became a story of our world, telling different organisms narratives. Use of dual arrangement was quickly adopted and advocated by many across the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural history museum After dinner a book would be read aloud, and he would take notes in a cursory way. I remember that one of his friends, when the reader pronounced a word wrongly, checked him and made him read it again, and my uncle said to him, "Did you not catch the meaning? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History (Pliny) I remember that one of his friends, when the reader pronounced a word wrongly, checked him and made him read it again, and my uncle said to him, "Did you not catch the meaning? " When his friend said "yes," he remarked, "Why then did you make him turn back? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History (Pliny) Perhaps it refers to glass imitations of jewellery gemstones. He refers to using one hard mineral to scratch another, presaging the Mohs hardness scale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History (Pliny) He refers to using one hard mineral to scratch another, presaging the Mohs hardness scale. Diamond sits at the top of the series because, Pliny says, it will scratch all other minerals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History (Pliny) Isidore of Seville's Etymologiae (The Etymologies, c. 600–625) quotes from Pliny 45 times in Book XII alone; Books XII, XIII and XIV are all based largely on the Natural History. Through Isidore, Vincent of Beauvais's Speculum Maius (The Great Mirror, c. 1235–1264) also used Pliny as a source for his own work. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History (Pliny) Some favor education over conservation, or vice versa. For example, in the 1970s, the Canada Science and Technology Museum favored education over preservation of their objects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum For example, in the 1970s, the Canada Science and Technology Museum favored education over preservation of their objects. They displayed objects as well as their functions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Rumphius built a botanical museum in Ambon in 1662, making it the oldest recorded museum in Indonesia. Nothing remains of it except books written by himself, which are now in the library of the National Museum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Nothing remains of it except books written by himself, which are now in the library of the National Museum. Its successor was the Batavia Society of Art and Science, established on 24 April 1778. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum The Charleston Museum was established in 1773 thereby making it the first museum in the Southern United States. It did not open to the public until 1824. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Indian Museum, Kolkata, established in 1814 is the oldest museum in India. It has a collection of 102,646 artifacts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum It could be difficult to gain entrance. When the British Museum opened to the public in 1759, it was a concern that large crowds could damage the artifacts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Museum creation begins with a museum plan, created through a museum planning process. The process involves identifying the museum's vision and the resources, organization and experiences needed to realize this vision. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Others display artifacts found in archaeological sites inside buildings. Some, such as the Western Australian Museum, exhibit maritime archaeological materials. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Some, such as the Western Australian Museum, exhibit maritime archaeological materials. These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. This Museum has also developed a 'museum-without-walls' through a series of underwater wreck trails. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Cancun Underwater Museum, or the Subaquatic Sculpture Museum, in Mexico is the largest underwater museum in the world. There are now about 500 images in the underwater museum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum The Brooklyn Children's Museum was established in 1899 by the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. It is often regarded as the first children's museum in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum It is often regarded as the first children's museum in the United States. The idea behind the Brooklyn Children's Museum implicitly acknowledged that existing American museums were not designed with children in mind. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum Museums in cities like Charleston, South Carolina must interact with a broader heritage tourism industry where the history of the majority population is traditionally privileged over the minority. Many specialized museums have been established such as the National LGBT Museum in New York City and the National Women's History Museum planned for the National Mall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum The first one was King Oscar II's collection near Oslo in Norway, opened in 1881. In 1907, it was incorporated into the Norsk Folkemuseum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum The Corning Museum of Glass is devoted to the art, history, and science of glass. The National Museum of Crime & Punishment explores the science of solving crimes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum c. 1,800 Ma – Statherian Period starts. Supercontinent Columbia forms, one of whose fragments being Nena. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Timeline of natural history The project will release as a Disney+ exclusive film. In October 2020, the film was officially titled Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Night at the Museum (franchise) In October 2020, the film was officially titled Night at the Museum: Kahmunrah Rises Again. The project will be CGI-animated and is scheduled to be released in 2021. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Night at the Museum (franchise) Natural history encompasses scientific research but is not limited to it. It involves the systematic study of any category of natural objects or organisms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural history Today, the site is most commonly known in Chinese as Gùgōng (故宫), which means the "Former Palace". The museum which is based in these buildings is known as the "Palace Museum" (Chinese: 故宫博物院; pinyin: Gùgōng Bówùyùan). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Forbidden City Buddhist iconography also proliferated in the interior decorations of many buildings. Of these, the Pavilion of the Rain of Flowers is one of the most important. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Forbidden City The Palace Museum holds 340,000 pieces of ceramics and porcelain. These include imperial collections from the Tang dynasty and the Song dynasty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Forbidden City The Museum's collection includes some 30,000 pieces. The pre-Yuan dynasty part of the collection includes several pieces famed throughout history. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Forbidden City While all seven Beskid prototypes were slated for destruction, six were saved. One was used for crash test, and remaining six are located in various institutions in Poland: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) FSM Beskid In collaboration with the BBC's Natural History Unit (holder of the largest archive of natural history footage) the Attenborough Studio—named after the broadcaster Sir David Attenborough—provides a multimedia environment for educational events. The studio holds regular lectures and demonstrations, including free Nature Live talks on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Natural History Museum, London Teddy helps Larry by restoring order, but only for one night. In the process, Larry finds out that Teddy has a crush on Sacagawea, but without the confidence to go talk to her through her glass display. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Night at the Museum McPhee gives him one more chance, saying if anything else funny happens, it's over. Larry then offers Rebecca a meeting with Sacagawea, but she believes that he is mocking her and the museum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Night at the Museum Jed and Octavius crash their remote-controlled Hummer at one point, but return heroically and surprisingly unharmed. Teddy is fixed by Sacagawea with warm wax. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Night at the Museum Part of the collection are illustrations of the ethnographic collection of the Silesian Museum, derived from the Polish Ethographical Society in Cieszyn. Another part of the collection is approx. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia In September in the courtyard of the Museum and the Park of Peace a cyclical outdoor event is organised. It is called: Cieszyn layer cake – that is to say what is this tradition all about? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Museum of Cieszyn Silesia
9290.	Q: How many wings do Emperor Dragonfly and Acisoma panorpoides dragonfly have? Title = Emperor-Dragonfly-(8).JPG Description = Title = Acisoma panorpoides by kadavoor.JPG Description = A: four Relevant Wikipedia Pages: On Eagle's Wings, Hummingbird, Emperor (dragonfly), List of least concern arthropods, Emperor Jimmu, List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka, Super Wings, Paul McCartney and Wings, Angel wings, Wings (1990 TV series), Archaeopteryx, Acisoma variegatum, List of Odonata species of India, Acisoma panorpoides, List of Odonata species of Great Britain, List of dragonflies of Menorca, Cotswold Water Park, Odonata of the Dang, Gujarat, List of Odonata of Kerala, Four-spotted chaser, Wings of Desire, Australian emperor, Dragonfly, List of least concern insects, Anax (dragonfly), Acisoma, Sexual reproduction, Secret of the Wings, Acisoma inflatum, Detroit Red Wings Toggle details	Dragonfly wings behave highly dynamically during flight, flexing and twisting during each beat. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Dragonfly Some families appear to use special mechanisms, as for example the Libellulidae which take off rapidly, their wings beginning pointed far forward and twisted almost vertically. Dragonfly wings behave highly dynamically during flight, flexing and twisting during each beat. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dragonfly Acisoma panorpoides, the Asian pintail, trumpet tail, or grizzled pintail, is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Acisoma panorpoides During rest, they do not expand their wings; the wings are folded over the abdomen or slightly spread. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka He was praying fervently and the image of wings came to his mind. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paul McCartney and Wings Common to many European cuisines, angel wings and have been incorporated into other regional cuisines (such as American cuisine) by immigrant populations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Angel wings Here, the wings are discarded and the prey usually ingested head first. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dragonfly Some media incorrectly attributed the phrase to Emperor Jimmu. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Emperor Jimmu The eyes are closer together in dragonflies, and their wings are held broadly opened from the body. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka Some aeshnids such as the brown hawker (Aeshna grandis) have translucent, pale yellow wings. Dragonfly nymphs are usually a well-camouflaged blend of dull brown, green, and grey. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dragonfly Tink researches on sparkling wings but finds the page incomplete. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Secret of the Wings The film was released theatrically in many countries and grossed $51,507,647 worldwide. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Secret of the Wings A mosquito then tried to steal Jimmu's royal blood but since Jimmu was a god incarnate Emperor, akitsumikami (現御神), a dragonfly killed the mosquito. Japan thus received its classical name the Dragonfly Islands, akitsushima (秋津島). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Emperor Jimmu There are 65 Dragonfly species can be found in Sri Lanka. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka In the various national cuisines, angel wings are referred to as: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Angel wings In the United States, many ethnic bakeries in the cities of Cleveland, Chicago, Buffalo, and Detroit make angel wings, and they are especially popular during the holidays of Easter and Christmas. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Angel wings During those holidays, some bakeries require people to pre-order their angel wings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Angel wings In the United States, many ethnic bakeries in the cities of Cleveland, Chicago, Buffalo, and Detroit make angel wings, and they are especially popular during the holidays of Easter and Christmas. During those holidays, some bakeries require people to pre-order their angel wings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Angel wings but some are C. erythraea which occurs in many of the same locations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of dragonflies of Menorca Even though the city is densely populated, many of the people are isolated or estranged from their loved ones. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wings of Desire The eyes are yellow-green. The leading edges of the wings are yellow. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Australian emperor Dragonfly vision is thought to be like slow motion for humans. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dragonfly Dragonfly wings behave highly dynamically during flight, flexing and twisting during each beat. Among the variables are wing curvature, length and speed of stroke, angle of attack, forward/back position of wing, and phase relative to the other wings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dragonfly Akitu is an old word for dragonfly, so one interpretation of Akitsushima is "Dragonfly Island". This is attributed to a legend in which Japan's mythical founder, Emperor Jimmu, was bitten by a mosquito, which was then eaten by a dragonfly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dragonfly Having her wings tucked inside her coat, Tink is unable to fly and nearly falls but is saved by Dewey. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Secret of the Wings After a while, the machine starts running out of ice and Peri’s wings begin to wilt. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Secret of the Wings As she approaches Peri and her friends, Tink’s wings freeze and she crash lands. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Secret of the Wings Before she can investigate further, Fawn pulls her back. Tink researches on sparkling wings but finds the page incomplete. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Secret of the Wings The Emperor's posthumous name literally means "divine might" or "god-warrior". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Emperor Jimmu The skin splits down the back, they emerge and inflate their wings and abdomen to gain their adult form. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka The eyes are closer together in dragonflies, and their wings are held broadly opened from the body. They are robust in nature. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka He was praying fervently and the image of wings came to his mind. He decided to name his new band "Wings". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paul McCartney and Wings The feather studied was most probably a dorsal covert, which would have partly covered the primary feathers on the wings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Archaeopteryx The thorax bears two pairs of wings and three pairs of legs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dragonfly The veins carry haemolymph, which is analogous to blood in vertebrates, and carries out many similar functions, but which also serves a hydraulic function to expand the body between nymphal stages (instars) and to expand and stiffen the wings after the adult emerges from the final nymphal stage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dragonfly The wings of dragonflies are generally clear, apart from the dark veins and pterostigmata. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dragonfly Some families appear to use special mechanisms, as for example the Libellulidae which take off rapidly, their wings beginning pointed far forward and twisted almost vertically. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dragonfly Acisoma is a small genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Acisoma Another winter fairy rushes into the room, and Tink notices her wings sparkling like her own. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Secret of the Wings They are known as hummingbirds because of the humming sound created by their beating wings, which flap at high frequencies audible to humans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hummingbird Hummingbirds can see wavelengths into the near-ultraviolet, but hummingbird-pollinated flowers do not reflect these wavelengths as many insect-pollinated flowers do. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hummingbird Though many die during their first year of life, especially in the vulnerable period between hatching and fledging, those that survive may occasionally live a decade or more. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hummingbird To serve courtship and territorial competition, many male hummingbirds have plumage with bright, varied coloration resulting both from pigmentation in the feathers and from prismal cells within the top layers of feathers of the head, gorget, breast, back and wings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hummingbird The last of these, Kamu-yamato Iware-biko no mikoto, became Emperor Jimmu. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Emperor Jimmu Japan thus received its classical name the Dragonfly Islands, akitsushima (秋津島). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Emperor Jimmu The sites at which these monuments were erected are known as Emperor Jimmu Sacred Historical Sites. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Emperor Jimmu Whenever there is difficulty, which is often because Jett is incompetent, he will call his best friend "super wings" to help! --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Super Wings Specializing in many missions and many problems, they help Jett in situations that involve stuck people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Super Wings In Bulgaria, angel wings are called kukurini, and are only found in Bansko, south-east Bulgaria. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Angel wings Archaeopteryx wings were relatively large, which would have resulted in a low stall speed and reduced turning radius. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Archaeopteryx Acisoma variegatum, the slender pintail is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Acisoma variegatum Two-spotted Dragonfly Epitheca bimaculata was reported from Leicestershire in 2002 – see Parr (2003).2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Odonata species of Great Britain Patches of nettle and thistle attract many butterflies and teasel attracts brimstones and encourages goldfinches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cotswold Water Park Dragonflies (suborder Anisoptera) are heavy-bodied, strong-flying insects that hold their wings horizontally both in flight and at rest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly The wings are long, veined, and membranous, narrower at the tip and wider at the base. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly In most large species of dragonflies, the wings of females are shorter and broader than those of males. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Dragonfly nymphs vary in form with species, and are loosely classed into claspers, sprawlers, hiders, and burrowers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Dragonfly nymphs are usually a well-camouflaged blend of dull brown, green, and grey. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Some dragonflies signal ownership with striking colours on the face, abdomen, legs, or wings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Curling back upwards, it completes its emergence, swallowing air, which plumps out its body, and pumping haemolymph into its wings, which causes them to expand to their full extent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly The wings are powered directly, unlike most families of insects, with the flight muscles attached to the wing bases. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Early in the morning, they may choose to perch in a vertical position with the wings outstretched, while in the middle of the day, a horizontal stance may be chosen. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Dragonfly can see in all 360 degrees around it and nearly 80 percent of the insect's brain is dedicated to its sight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly With the destruction of rainforest habitats, many of these species are in danger of becoming extinct before they have even been named. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly This is attributed to a legend in which Japan's mythical founder, Emperor Jimmu, was bitten by a mosquito, which was then eaten by a dragonfly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly A large prey item is subdued by being bitten on the head and is carried by the legs to a perch. Here, the wings are discarded and the prey usually ingested head first. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dragonfly Out of curiosity, Tink ignores Fawn’s warnings, crosses over, and her wings start to sparkle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Secret of the Wings Tucking her wings in a coat, Tinker Bell hides in a shipment of snowflake baskets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Secret of the Wings Sometime later, the warm fairies are now able to cross over into the border by having their wings frosted and the two sisters never have to be apart again. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Secret of the Wings Out of curiosity, Tink ignores Fawn’s warnings, crosses over, and her wings start to sparkle. Before she can investigate further, Fawn pulls her back. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Secret of the Wings Acisoma inflatum, the stout pintail is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Acisoma inflatum The giant hummingbird's wings beat as few as 12/sec and the wings of typical hummingbirds beat up to 80/sec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hummingbird Hummingbirds eat many small meals and consume around half their weight in nectar (twice their weight in nectar, if the nectar is 25% sugar) each day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hummingbird Malacostraca includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, woodlice, and many others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of least concern arthropods A mosquito then tried to steal Jimmu's royal blood but since Jimmu was a god incarnate Emperor, akitsumikami (現御神), a dragonfly killed the mosquito. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Emperor Jimmu There are major 2 types of odonates in the world; they are dragonflies and damselflies. The eyes are closer together in dragonflies, and their wings are held broadly opened from the body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka In contrast, damselflies are delicately built small odonates, with well separated compound eyes. During rest, they do not expand their wings; the wings are folded over the abdomen or slightly spread. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka When Jett works with the Wild Team, he gains a set of diving masks and a pair of turboprops on his wings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Super Wings He likes to fly around the world to help children deliver packages. Whenever there is difficulty, which is often because Jett is incompetent, he will call his best friend "super wings" to help! --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Super Wings Angel wings are a traditional sweet crisp pastry made out of dough that has been shaped into thin twisted ribbons, deep-fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar. Common to many European cuisines, angel wings and have been incorporated into other regional cuisines (such as American cuisine) by immigrant populations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angel wings In Bulgaria, angel wings are called kukurini, and are only found in Bansko, south-east Bulgaria. They are typically sprinkled with powdered sugar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Angel wings Bunny Mather: played by Laura Innes, Lowell's wife flirts with nearly every man she encounters, and has sex with many of them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wings (1990 TV series) Archaeopteryx was roughly the size of a raven, with broad wings that were rounded at the ends and a long tail compared to its body length. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Archaeopteryx As in the wings of modern birds, the flight feathers of Archaeopteryx were somewhat asymmetrical and the tail feathers were rather broad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Archaeopteryx This implies that the wings and tail were used for lift generation, but it is unclear whether Archaeopteryx was capable of flapping flight or simply a glider. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Archaeopteryx However, since the mid-1990s, the number of these colonies has increased and many have continued to be present from year-to-year, so this species is now better regarded as a successful colonist. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Odonata species of Great Britain Blue aeshna are frequently seen in late summer but there are not many positive identifications of either species on record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of dragonflies of Menorca The emperor dragonfly visits occasionally. Patches of nettle and thistle attract many butterflies and teasel attracts brimstones and encourages goldfinches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cotswold Water Park The leading edges of the wings are yellow. The insect habitually hunts fairly slowly, patrolling up and down like other hawkers, with short bursts at high speed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian emperor The general body plan is similar to that of an adult, but the nymph lacks wings and reproductive organs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Some aeshnids such as the brown hawker (Aeshna grandis) have translucent, pale yellow wings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Another method of warming up used by some larger dragonflies is wing-whirring, a rapid vibration of the wings that causes heat to be generated in the flight muscles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Some species have dark patches on the wings which can provide shade for the body, and a few use the obelisk posture to avoid overheating. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Akitu is an old word for dragonfly, so one interpretation of Akitsushima is "Dragonfly Island". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly The hindwings are broader than the forewings and the venation is different at the base. The veins carry haemolymph, which is analogous to blood in vertebrates, and carries out many similar functions, but which also serves a hydraulic function to expand the body between nymphal stages (instars) and to expand and stiffen the wings after the adult emerges from the final nymphal stage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Here, the wings are discarded and the prey usually ingested head first. A dragonfly may consume as much as a fifth of its body weight in prey per day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly Dragonfly vision is thought to be like slow motion for humans. Dragonflies see faster than we do; they see around 200 images per second. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly However, the majority of species live in tropical areas and have been little studied. With the destruction of rainforest habitats, many of these species are in danger of becoming extinct before they have even been named. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dragonfly After fertilization, and the formation of a zygote, and varying degrees of development, in many species the eggs are deposited outside the female; while in others, they develop further within the female and are born live. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sexual reproduction As the sisters say goodbye, Tink and Peri’s wings touch and, in a flash, Tinker Bell’s wing heals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Secret of the Wings Tink researches on sparkling wings but finds the page incomplete. Another fairy tells her the book’s author, the Keeper, lives in the Winter Woods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Secret of the Wings Tink secretly follows to the library and spots the Keeper, Dewey. Another winter fairy rushes into the room, and Tink notices her wings sparkling like her own. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Secret of the Wings At Peri’s home, Tink builds a fire which eventually causes the floor to melt and crumble beneath them. Having her wings tucked inside her coat, Tink is unable to fly and nearly falls but is saved by Dewey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Secret of the Wings Having her wings tucked inside her coat, Tink is unable to fly and nearly falls but is saved by Dewey. He advises that it is too dangerous for them to be together and the sisters pretend to say goodbye at the border but promise to meet again. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Secret of the Wings Distribution overlaps with the similar Acisoma variegatum (slender pintail) in southern and eastern Africa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Acisoma inflatum The Detroit Red Wings acknowledge an affiliation with many inductees to the Hockey Hall of Fame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Detroit Red Wings According to the Kojiki, Jimmu died when he was 126 years old. The Emperor's posthumous name literally means "divine might" or "god-warrior". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Emperor Jimmu Some media incorrectly attributed the phrase to Emperor Jimmu. For the 1940 Kigensetsu celebration, marking the supposed 2,600th anniversary of Jimmu's enthronement, the Peace Tower was constructed in Miyazaki. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Emperor Jimmu The nymphs moult repeatedly, at the last moult climbing out of the water to undergo metamorphosis. The skin splits down the back, they emerge and inflate their wings and abdomen to gain their adult form. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Odonata species of Sri Lanka When Jett works with the Wild Team, he gains a set of diving masks and a pair of turboprops on his wings. They were removed in Season 5. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Super Wings The feather was determined to be black throughout, with heavier pigmentation in the distal tip. The feather studied was most probably a dorsal covert, which would have partly covered the primary feathers on the wings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Archaeopteryx The feather studied was most probably a dorsal covert, which would have partly covered the primary feathers on the wings. The study does not mean that Archaeopteryx was entirely black, but suggests that it had some black colouration which included the coverts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Archaeopteryx fairly commonMost darters seen in Menorca with a very red colouring are S. fonscolombii but some are C. erythraea which occurs in many of the same locations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of dragonflies of Menorca but some are C. erythraea which occurs in many of the same locations. On close observation these two species can be told apart as they have quite different body shapes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of dragonflies of Menorca Patches of nettle and thistle attract many butterflies and teasel attracts brimstones and encourages goldfinches. The site is of interest to birdwatchers throughout the year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cotswold Water Park The thorax bears two pairs of wings and three pairs of legs. The wings are long, veined, and membranous, narrower at the tip and wider at the base. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly The wings are long, veined, and membranous, narrower at the tip and wider at the base. The hindwings are broader than the forewings and the venation is different at the base. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly In most large species of dragonflies, the wings of females are shorter and broader than those of males. The legs are rarely used for walking, but are used to catch and hold prey, for perching, and for climbing on plants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly Landmarks may reduce the costs of territory establishment, or might serve as a spatial reference. Some dragonflies signal ownership with striking colours on the face, abdomen, legs, or wings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly Being cold-blooded, they can raise their temperature by basking in the sun. Early in the morning, they may choose to perch in a vertical position with the wings outstretched, while in the middle of the day, a horizontal stance may be chosen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly Dragonflies see faster than we do; they see around 200 images per second. Dragonfly can see in all 360 degrees around it and nearly 80 percent of the insect's brain is dedicated to its sight. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly This is attributed to a legend in which Japan's mythical founder, Emperor Jimmu, was bitten by a mosquito, which was then eaten by a dragonfly. In Europe, dragonflies have often been seen as sinister. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dragonfly Another winter fairy rushes into the room, and Tink notices her wings sparkling like her own. Tink and the other fairy, Periwinkle, notice each other and it is revealed that they were born from the same laugh, making them sisters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings With the machine keeping her cool, Peri crosses over and Tink introduces her to her friends and shows her the warm side of Pixie Hollow. After a while, the machine starts running out of ice and Peri’s wings begin to wilt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings After a while, the machine starts running out of ice and Peri’s wings begin to wilt. Tink and her friends rush her to the border where they meet Lord Milori, who takes Peri back to the woods. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings Trying to think of what to do, Tink notices that a Periwinkle flower that Peri had covered in frost is still alive and flies to the Winter Woods. As she approaches Peri and her friends, Tink’s wings freeze and she crash lands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings As she approaches Peri and her friends, Tink’s wings freeze and she crash lands. Peri’s friends explain that frost keeps the warm air inside like a blanket and they return to the pixie dust tree to cover it in frost. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings However, Tink reveals that she broke a wing when she flew to the woods earlier. As the sisters say goodbye, Tink and Peri’s wings touch and, in a flash, Tinker Bell’s wing heals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Secret of the Wings
15597.	Q: Was there ever a time when horses were allowed on Grafton Street in Dublin, Ireland? Title = Woolworths's Grafton Street, Dublin in 1946 (cropped) Description = A: yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Bewley's, Irish language, Great Famine (Ireland), Dion Dublin, Republic of Ireland, Grafton, Northern Ireland, Madeline Mulqueen, Grafton Street, Grafton Street School, Irish mythology, Dublin Airport, Milton Keynes grid road system, Ireland, Molly Malone, Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency), Dublin Core, Northern Ireland national football team, United Kingdom, Dublin Murders, Kingdom of Dublin, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton, Irish people, Allie Sherlock, Thom McGinty, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, County Dublin, Easter Rising Toggle details	She has performed frequently on Grafton Street, Dublin. --- (0.5, 0.0, 0.5) Allie Sherlock The company has operated a café on Dublin's Grafton Street since 1927. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Bewley's The Duke of Grafton owned land in what was then countryside near Dublin, Ireland, which later became part of the city. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton She appeared on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in 2018. She has performed frequently on Grafton Street, Dublin. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Allie Sherlock Over time, the settlers in Dublin became increasingly Gaelicized. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Kingdom of Dublin A country lane on this land eventually developed into Grafton Street, one of Dublin's main streets. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton The Duke of Grafton owned land in what was then countryside near Dublin, Ireland, which later became part of the city. A country lane on this land eventually developed into Grafton Street, one of Dublin's main streets. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton The road network in Ireland is primarily focused on Dublin. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Dublin Additionally, Dublin also contains Ireland's 3rd (Dublin Zoo), --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) County Dublin All major roads in Ireland are managed by Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII), which is headquartered in Parkgate Street, Dublin 8. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) County Dublin Originally placed at the bottom of Grafton Street in Dublin, this statue is known colloquially as "The Tart with the Cart" or "The Trollop With The Scallop(s)". --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Molly Malone The Corporation of Dublin sent a memorial to the Queen, "praying her" to call Parliament together early (Parliament was at this time prorogued), and to recommend the requisition of some public money for public works, especially railways in Ireland. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Great Famine (Ireland) Noel Purcell made the song "Dublin Saunter" well known; it includes the line "Grafton Street's a wonderland, there's magic in the air". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Grafton Street At that time, airlines were allowed to fly direct to the US from Dublin without having to match these with any to/from Shannon. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Dublin Airport Hot Press dubbed him "Ireland's most famous street performer and an integral part of Grafton Street life for well over a decade". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Thom McGinty Sixty percent of Ireland's Asian population lives in Dublin. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Dublin Historically, County Dublin was the epicentre of Protestantism in Ireland outside of Ulster. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) County Dublin County Dublin receives by far the most overseas tourists of any county in Ireland. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) County Dublin Dublin is also Ireland's most popular destination for domestic tourists. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) County Dublin They attempted to seize neighbouring Dublin Castle, the heart of British rule in Ireland. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Easter Rising Following a campaign by many, including the then Mayor of Dublin, Catherine Byrne, the café on Grafton Street, which had closed, was reopened, including its small performance area. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Grafton Street Bagatelle, an Irish rock band in the 1970s refer to Grafton Street in their song "Summer in Dublin"; "And young people walking down Grafton Street, everyone looking so well". --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Grafton Street A country lane on this land eventually developed into Grafton Street, one of Dublin's main streets. Grafton Alley in Cork, close to where he was shot, also bears his name. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton Dublin city centre is a popular shopping destination for both locals and tourists. The city has numerous shopping districts, particularly around Grafton Street and Henry Street. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Dublin The flagship Grafton Street café was opened by Ernest Bewley in 1927. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bewley's In 2010 they employed around 800 people worldwide, although 140 jobs were lost in early 2015 with the closure of the Bewley's Oriental Cafe on Grafton Street in Dublin. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bewley's The company has operated a café on Dublin's Grafton Street since 1927. Sometimes described as a "Dublin landmark", this outlet was closed between November 2004 and May 2005 for refurbishment and restoration. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bewley's The Enterprise service, which runs jointly with Northern Ireland Railways, connects Dublin and Belfast. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Republic of Ireland In October 2012, Mulqueen was assaulted in the Grafton Street branch of McDonald's. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Madeline Mulqueen Grafton Street (Irish: Sráid Grafton) is one of the two principal shopping streets in Dublin city centre, the other being Henry Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Grafton Street DUB, ICAO: EIDW) is an international airport serving Dublin, Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Dublin Airport In July 2014, it was placed outside the Dublin Tourist Office on Suffolk Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Molly Malone The name "The Diceman" came from one of McGinty's employers, The Diceman Games Shop that was located, first, in an arcade on Grafton Street, Dublin, and then on South Anne Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Thom McGinty Slavery in Ireland and Dublin reached its pinnacle in the 9th and 10th centuries. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Dublin The city has numerous shopping districts, particularly around Grafton Street and Henry Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Dublin In 1907, the Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Trinity College Dublin Dublin city is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, as well as the largest city on the island of Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) County Dublin With just 6.5% of Dublin under forest, it is the 6th least forested county in Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) County Dublin The Dublin Region is a NUTS Level III region of Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) County Dublin Additionally, 42.8% of Ireland's multiracial population lives within County Dublin. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) County Dublin County Dublin has the oldest and most extensive transportation infrastructure in Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) County Dublin Command of British forces had passed from Lowe to General John Maxwell, who arrived in Dublin just in time to take the surrender. Maxwell was made temporary military governor of Ireland. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Easter Rising The Grafton Street premises closed again for more extensive refurbishment works from February 2015. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bewley's By 1999, the company operated more than twenty cafes in Ireland and six overseas. In 2010 they employed around 800 people worldwide, although 140 jobs were lost in early 2015 with the closure of the Bewley's Oriental Cafe on Grafton Street in Dublin. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bewley's Ireland has produced champion horses such as Galileo, Montjeu, and Sea the Stars. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Republic of Ireland Hodges Figgis first bookshop was at 104 Grafton Street, opening in 1797. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Grafton Street The pedestrianisation of Grafton Street was first trialled in September 1971 for a period of 4 weeks. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Grafton Street Dido features a track entitled "Grafton Street" on her album Safe Trip Home. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Grafton Street The Grafton Street School is a historic school at 311 Grafton Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Grafton Street School Most of these routes have since been discontinued as the development of the motorway network in Ireland has resulted in significant reductions in travelling time by road. Aer Lingus has continued with the remaining Dublin–UK flights. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Dublin Airport Actor Alan Stanford proposed in 2005 that Grafton Street should have a statue of the performer. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Thom McGinty Hot Press dubbed him "Ireland's most famous street performer and an integral part of Grafton Street life for well over a decade". The Irish Independent labelled McGinty a "Dublin institution", as well as a "gay icon"–a viewpoint echoed by The Irish Times. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Thom McGinty Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Dublin As the capital city, Dublin is the seat of the national parliament of Ireland, the Oireachtas. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin There were still native Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Dublin Approximately 20.5% of Ireland's population lives within County Dublin (27% if only the Republic of Ireland is counted). --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin Additionally, Dublin has more people than the combined populations of Ireland's 16 smallest counties. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin County Dublin is home to around 58 percent of Ireland's Romanian community. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin This is primarily due to Dublin city's status as Ireland's largest city and its transportation hub. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin Dublin has been in 21 All-Ireland hurling finals, winning just 6, the most recent of which was in 1938. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) County Dublin A life-size bronze statue of Dublin musician Phil Lynott was unveiled on Harry Street, off Grafton Street near the Stephen's Green end, in August 2005. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Grafton Street In 1712, Dublin Corporation funded a project for the building of a crown causeway. Grafton Street began as a laneway connecting College Green to St Stephen's Green, which was developed and widened in the early 1700s. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Grafton Street The domestic routes, with the exception of Dublin-Shannon, were taken over by Aer Arann. Most of these routes have since been discontinued as the development of the motorway network in Ireland has resulted in significant reductions in travelling time by road. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Dublin Airport A statue representing Molly Malone was unveiled on Grafton Street by then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Ben Briscoe, during the 1988 Dublin Millennium celebrations, when 13 June was declared to be Molly Malone Day. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Molly Malone Ireland had no significant sources of coal, the fuel of the time, and Dublin was not a centre of ship manufacturing, the other main driver of industrial development in Britain and Ireland. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Dublin St Stephen's Green is adjacent to one of Dublin's main shopping streets, Grafton Street, and to a shopping centre named after it, while on its surrounding streets are the offices of a number of public bodies. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Dublin Three branches of the National Museum of Ireland are located in Dublin: Archaeology in Kildare Street, Decorative Arts and History in Collins Barracks and Natural History in Merrion Street. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Dublin There were still an appreciable number of Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Irish language Grafton Street began as a laneway connecting College Green to St Stephen's Green, which was developed and widened in the early 1700s. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Grafton Street Buskers, including musicians, poets and mime artists, commonly perform to the shopping crowds on Grafton Street. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Grafton Street American singer-songwriter Nanci Griffith wrote and recorded a song called "On Grafton Street". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Grafton Street It closed in 1824. Hodges Figgis first bookshop was at 104 Grafton Street, opening in 1797. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Grafton Street The stopover requirement disappeared completely in 2008. At that time, airlines were allowed to fly direct to the US from Dublin without having to match these with any to/from Shannon. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin Airport A version of the Magna Carta (the Great Charter of Ireland), substituting Dublin for London and the Irish Church for, the English church at the time, the Catholic Church, was published in 1216 and the Parliament of Ireland was founded in 1297. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ireland As the small Kingdom of Dublin, the city grew, and it became Ireland's principal settlement following the Norman invasion. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin Around this time, the county of the City of Dublin was established along with certain liberties adjacent to the city proper. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin The majority of these are provided by Dublin Bus, with a modest number having been transferred to Go Ahead Ireland in 2018. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin Dublin Airport is the 11th busiest in the European Union, and by far the busiest airport on the island of Ireland. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin The University of Dublin is the oldest university in Ireland, dating from the 16th century, and is located in the city centre. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin Dublin is also home to the Royal Irish Academy, membership of which is considered Ireland's highest academic honour. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin There were still native Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. Though the number of Irish speakers declined throughout Ireland in the 19th century, the end of the century saw a Gaelic revival, centred in Dublin and accompanied by renewed literary activity. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Dublin While there was no formal ban on Catholics attending Trinity at that time, the Catholic hierarchy in Ireland discouraged them from enrolling. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Trinity College Dublin Heron appealed to the Courts which issued a writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Trinity College Dublin Dublin was the first county in Ireland to be shired after the Norman Conquest in the late 12th century. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) County Dublin Dublin's sheltered location makes it the driest place in Ireland, receiving only about half the rainfall of the west coast. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) County Dublin Just over one fifth (20.8 percent) of County Dublin's population was born outside of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) County Dublin The Dublin and Kingstown Railway, opened in December 1834, was Ireland's first railway line. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) County Dublin All major roads in Ireland are managed by Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII), which is headquartered in Parkgate Street, Dublin 8. As of 2019, there were over 550,000 cars registered in County Dublin, accounting for 25.3% of all cars registered in the State. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) County Dublin Ultimately, in November 2017, Bewley's Grafton Street was reopened after the "1000 day" multimillion-euro refurbishment. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bewley's The Grafton Street building had once housed Whyte's Academy, a school whose pupils included the Duke of Wellington and Robert Emmet. By 1999, the company operated more than twenty cafes in Ireland and six overseas. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bewley's Racing takes place at courses at The Curragh Racecourse in County Kildare, Leopardstown Racecourse just outside Dublin, and Galway. Ireland has produced champion horses such as Galileo, Montjeu, and Sea the Stars. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Republic of Ireland It moved to its current location in Dawson Street in 1920.As part of a wider set of proposals to rename a number of Dublin streets in 1921, it was proposed that Grafton Street be renamed Grattan Street in a report by the Dublin Corporation street naming committee. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Grafton Street By the 1960s, Grafton Street had become congested, with the street full of cars and buses, causing serious pollution. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Grafton Street Grafton Street is mentioned in Ed Sheeran's song "Galway Girl" on his album ÷ (2017). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Grafton Street Most of these routes have since been discontinued as the development of the motorway network in Ireland has resulted in significant reductions in travelling time by road. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Airport With the success of Ireland's 'Celtic Tiger' economy, Dublin Airport saw growth in the 1990s and 2000s. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Airport DUB, ICAO: EIDW) is an international airport serving Dublin, Ireland. It is operated by DAA (formerly Dublin Airport Authority). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Airport Originally placed at the bottom of Grafton Street in Dublin, this statue is known colloquially as "The Tart with the Cart" or "The Trollop With The Scallop(s)". The statue portrays Molly as a busty young woman in 17th-century dress. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Molly Malone Vikings invaded the territory around Dublin in the 9th century, establishing the Norse Kingdom of Dublin, the earliest and longest-lasting Norse kingdom in Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Kingdom of Dublin Under their rule, Dublin became the biggest slave port in Western Europe. Over time, the settlers in Dublin became increasingly Gaelicized. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Kingdom of Dublin His coffin was carried the length of Grafton Street by his friends past a large crowd, and was accompanied by long and sustained applause. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Thom McGinty Dublin was also a victim of the Northern Irish Troubles, although during this 30-year conflict, violence mainly occurred within Northern Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Dublin's sheltered location on the east coast makes it the driest place in Ireland, receiving only about half the rainfall of the west coast. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Dublin Business School (DBS) is Ireland's largest private third level institution with over 9,000 students located on Aungier Street, and Griffith College Dublin has its main facility in Portobello. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin Ireland's biggest libraries and literary museums are found in Dublin, including the National Print Museum of Ireland and National Library of Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin The Great Ireland Run takes place in Dublin's Phoenix Park in mid-April. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Dublin In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College, Dublin, of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Trinity College Dublin Dublin University A.F.C., founded in 1883, is the oldest surviving association football club in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Trinity College Dublin Dublin is the third smallest of Ireland's 32 counties by area, and the largest in terms of population. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Due to the urban heat island effect, Dublin city has the warmest summertime nights in Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin With an area of just 922 km2 (356 sq mi), Dublin is by far the most densely populated county in Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Under Ireland's National Planning Framework, these towns are considered part of the Dublin Metropolitan Area (DMA). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Dublin is the most urbanised county in Ireland, with 97.75% of its residents residing in urban areas as of 2016. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin IDA Ireland, the state agency responsible for attracting foreign direct investment, was founded in Dublin in 1949. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin According to Fáilte Ireland, in 2017 Dublin received nearly 6 million overseas tourists, and just under 1.5 million domestic tourists. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Despite having the smallest farmed area of any county, Dublin is one of Ireland's major agricultural producers. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Dublin is the largest producer of fruit and vegetables in Ireland, the third largest producer of oilseed rape and has the fifth largest fishing industry. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin In terms of college acceptance rates, gaelcholáistí are consistently the best performing schools in Dublin, and among the best performing in Ireland. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Dublin has won the All-Ireland on 30 occasions, including a record 6 in a row from 2015 to 2020. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Despite their historic dominance in Dublin, Faughs have never won an All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin The current route was built in various sections over the course of 27 years, from 1983 to 2010. All major roads in Ireland are managed by Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII), which is headquartered in Parkgate Street, Dublin 8. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) County Dublin Command of British forces had passed from Lowe to General John Maxwell, who arrived in Dublin just in time to take the surrender. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Easter Rising The Grafton Street building had once housed Whyte's Academy, a school whose pupils included the Duke of Wellington and Robert Emmet. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bewley's In 2010 they employed around 800 people worldwide, although 140 jobs were lost in early 2015 with the closure of the Bewley's Oriental Cafe on Grafton Street in Dublin. In May 2018, Bewley's launched 100% recyclable cups. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bewley's The economy of Northern Ireland was the most industrialised in Ireland at the time of partition, but declined as a result of the political and social turmoil of the Troubles. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Northern Ireland At the time of its creation, Northern Ireland's population was two-thirds Protestant and one-third Catholic. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Northern Ireland The British did not inform the Government of Northern Ireland that they had made the offer to the Dublin government, and de Valera's rejection was not publicised until 1970. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Northern Ireland The county boundaries still appear on Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland Maps and the Philip's Street Atlases, among others. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Northern Ireland At the north end of Grafton Street is the Provost's House, Trinity College, home to the head of the college. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Grafton Street In late 2004, it was announced that it would be closing before Christmas, along with its Westmoreland Street café, putting 243 jobs at risk. Following a campaign by many, including the then Mayor of Dublin, Catherine Byrne, the café on Grafton Street, which had closed, was reopened, including its small performance area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Grafton Street Following a campaign by many, including the then Mayor of Dublin, Catherine Byrne, the café on Grafton Street, which had closed, was reopened, including its small performance area. Buskers, including musicians, poets and mime artists, commonly perform to the shopping crowds on Grafton Street. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Grafton Street The Grafton Street School is located in central eastern Worcester, on the north side of Grafton Street (Massachusetts Route 122). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Grafton Street School Due to World War II, which was known as The Emergency in Ireland, services were severely restricted at Dublin Airport until late 1945. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Dublin Airport In 1782, Poynings' Law was repealed, giving Ireland legislative independence from Great Britain for the first time since 1495. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ireland Most of Ireland's gas comes through interconnectors between Twynholm in Scotland and Ballylumford, County Antrim and Loughshinny, County Dublin. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ireland Molly is commemorated in a statue commissioned by Jurys Hotel Group and designed by Jeanne Rynhart, erected to celebrate the city's first millennium in 1988. Originally placed at the bottom of Grafton Street in Dublin, this statue is known colloquially as "The Tart with the Cart" or "The Trollop With The Scallop(s)". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Molly Malone Historically, a number of Irish writers, living at a time when all of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom, also spent much of their working lives in England. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United Kingdom Over time, the settlers in Dublin became increasingly Gaelicized. They began to exhibit a great deal of Gaelic and Norse cultural syncretism, and are often referred to as Norse-Gaels. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Kingdom of Dublin The Dublin region is the economic centre of Ireland, and was at the forefront of the country's economic expansion during the Celtic Tiger period. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Dublin Around this time, the county of the City of Dublin was established along with certain liberties adjacent to the city proper. This continued down to 1840 when the barony of Dublin City was separated from the barony of Dublin. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Dublin The majority of these are provided by Dublin Bus, with a modest number having been transferred to Go Ahead Ireland in 2018. A number of smaller companies also operate. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Dublin Dublin is the oldest county in Ireland, and was the first part of the island to be shired following the Norman invasion in the late 1100s. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin Dublin has the highest proportion of international residents of any county in Ireland, with around 21% of the county's population being born outside of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin In 1353 the dispute was settled by Pope Innocent VI, who proclaimed that the Archbishop of Dublin was Primate of Ireland, while the Archbishop of Armagh was titled Primate of All Ireland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin Dublin Airport is Ireland's largest airport, and 32.9 million passengers passed through it in 2019, making it Europe's 12th-busiest airport. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin In 2018, Nord Anglia International School Dublin opened in Leopardstown, becoming the most expensive private school in Ireland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin These two distinct titles were replicated in the Church of Ireland following the Reformation. Historically, County Dublin was the epicentre of Protestantism in Ireland outside of Ulster. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin The IFSC has since expanded into a 37.8-hectare site centred around the Dublin Docklands. As of 2020, over €1.8 trillion of funds are administered from Ireland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) County Dublin Bewley's themselves operated a number of other branches in Dublin City Centre, including Fleet Street/Westmoreland Street (now a TGI Fridays); Mary Street and a short-term branch on South Great Georges Street during the refurbishment of the Grafton Street location. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bewley's Branches also existed in Terminal 1 at Dublin Airport in some Waterstones stores and in Arnotts department store A stained glass window by artist Jim Fitzpatrick from the Mary Street branch was stored and then transferred to the remaining Grafton Street branch. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bewley's Ireland had been used to pasture cows for centuries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Great Famine (Ireland) Once introduced in Ireland and Europe, blight spread rapidly. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Great Famine (Ireland) He suggested that, if Ireland had a domestic Parliament, the ports would be thrown open and the abundant crops raised in Ireland would be kept for the people of Ireland, as the Dublin parliament had done during the food shortages of the 1780s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Great Famine (Ireland) Ireland did not reapply when the rules were altered to permit republics to join. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Republic of Ireland Áras an Uachtaráin is the official residence of the President of Ireland, while the houses of the Oireachtas meet at Leinster House in Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Republic of Ireland The history of Irish theatre begins with the expansion of the English administration in Dublin during the early 17th century, and since then, Ireland has significantly contributed to English drama. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Republic of Ireland The economy of Northern Ireland was the most industrialised in Ireland at the time of partition, but declined as a result of the political and social turmoil of the Troubles. Its economy has grown significantly since the late 1990s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Northern Ireland In October 2012, Mulqueen was assaulted in the Grafton Street branch of McDonald's. She had come to the defence of a member of staff during a dispute with a customer about payment. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Madeline Mulqueen Originally a fashionable residential street, the character of Grafton Street changed after it was connected to the Carlisle Bridge and formed part of a cross-city route. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street This was portrayed in the opening scene of the 2006 film Once, starring Glen Hansard of The Frames, a former Grafton Street busker. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street There is a line in the poem "On Raglan Road" by the poet Patrick Kavanagh: "On Grafton Street in November we tripped lightly along the ledge"' --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street Grafton Street began as a laneway connecting College Green to St Stephen's Green, which was developed and widened in the early 1700s. From its inception, it was a mixture of residential and commercial. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street It moved to its current location in Dawson Street in 1920.As part of a wider set of proposals to rename a number of Dublin streets in 1921, it was proposed that Grafton Street be renamed Grattan Street in a report by the Dublin Corporation street naming committee. This new naming scheme was not implemented. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street Dido features a track entitled "Grafton Street" on her album Safe Trip Home. This song is a tribute to Dido's deceased father, who was Irish. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grafton Street Dublin Airport continued to expand rapidly in the 1990s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport In 1993, a major milestone for the airport was the signing of a new United States – Ireland bilateral agreement which allowed airlines to operate some direct transatlantic services for the first time to/from Dublin Airport instead of touching down en route at Shannon Airport on the west coast of Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport The Government of Ireland, owner of Dublin Airport, and the Dublin Airport Authority, its operator, have long sought to connect Dublin with East Asia by direct air service. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport is served by a large network of bus and coach routes, serving both the wider Dublin area and intercity links to the rest of Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport Due to World War II, which was known as The Emergency in Ireland, services were severely restricted at Dublin Airport until late 1945. The only international scheduled routes operated during this time were by Aer Lingus to Liverpool (and for a period to Manchester's Barton Aerodrome). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport At that time, airlines were allowed to fly direct to the US from Dublin without having to match these with any to/from Shannon. It was expected that this would result in a huge increase in services between Dublin and the US and Aer Lingus has identified 16 destinations that it would like to serve directly from Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Airport The road then crosses the V6 Grafton Street and runs along the southern edge of Central Milton Keynes and Campbell Park before passing Willen Lake. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Milton Keynes grid road system Its southern end is to the north of Fenny Stratford, at a roundabout where it meets V6 Grafton Street and H10 Bletcham Way. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Milton Keynes grid road system Yet, for political and financial reasons Ireland has been too small to provide a living to many musicians, so the names of the better-known Irish composers of this time belong to emigrants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ireland Both also referred to their respective teams as Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ireland The Vikings were involved in establishing most of the major coastal settlements in Ireland: Dublin, Limerick, Cork, Wexford, Waterford, as well as other smaller settlements. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ireland Dublin, with over 1 million residents in the Greater Dublin Area, is the largest city on the island. Belfast, with 579,726 residents, is the largest city in Northern Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ireland "Molly Malone" (also known as "Cockles and Mussels" or "In Dublin's Fair City") is a popular song set in Dublin, Ireland, which has become its unofficial anthem. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Molly Malone "The statue was later removed and kept in storage to make way for the new Luas tracks. In July 2014, it was placed outside the Dublin Tourist Office on Suffolk Street. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Molly Malone Northern Ireland is also referred to as a "province". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Kingdom Ireland 'was justly styled a "Nation of Annalists"'. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Irish people During the 1980s and early 1990s, he became well-known and popular for performances on Grafton Street where he worked as a mime artist or otherwise performed in costume, to advertise the Diceman shop. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Thom McGinty McGinty, who was of Scottish-Irish nationality, was considered an honorary Dubliner despite his Glasgow accent and origins. Hot Press dubbed him "Ireland's most famous street performer and an integral part of Grafton Street life for well over a decade". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Thom McGinty The union of Great Britain with most of Ulster was renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and is known by this name to the present time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Dublin (, locally ; Irish: Baile Átha Cliath [ˈbˠalʲə aːhə ˈclʲiə; ˌbʲlʲaː ˈclʲiə]) is the capital and largest city of Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin The vast majority of Dublin's most notable architecture dates from this period – Temple Bar and the areas around the Four Courts and the Custom House, and Grafton Street, are some of the few remaining parts of Dublin that were not affected by the wave of Georgian reconstruction and maintained their medieval character. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Since 1997, the landscape of Dublin has changed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Dublin Connolly to Dublin Port can be reached via Amiens Street, Dublin into Store Street or by Luas via Busáras where Dublin Bus operates services to the Ferry Terminal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Dublin is the largest centre of education in Ireland, and is home to four universities and a number of other higher education institutions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin This area is sometimes known as the Dublin Region. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Dublin has several mid-range venues that host live music throughout the week, including Whelans and Vicar Street. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Dublin is the centre of both media and communications in Ireland, with many newspapers, radio stations, television stations and telephone companies based there. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Though the number of Irish speakers declined throughout Ireland in the 19th century, the end of the century saw a Gaelic revival, centred in Dublin and accompanied by renewed literary activity. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin In response to Strongbow's successful invasion, King Henry II of England affirmed his ultimate sovereignty by mounting a larger invasion in 1171 and pronounced himself Lord of Ireland. Around this time, the county of the City of Dublin was established along with certain liberties adjacent to the city proper. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, it became the capital of the Irish Free State (1922–1937) and now is the capital of Ireland. One of the memorials to commemorate that time is the Garden of Remembrance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin The Institute of International and European Affairs is also in Dublin. Dublin Business School (DBS) is Ireland's largest private third level institution with over 9,000 students located on Aungier Street, and Griffith College Dublin has its main facility in Portobello. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin Scribal activity in Irish persisted in Dublin right through the 18th century. There were still native Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Dublin The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977 and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College, Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Trinity College Dublin These restrictions were lifted by an Act of Parliament in 1873. While there was no formal ban on Catholics attending Trinity at that time, the Catholic hierarchy in Ireland discouraged them from enrolling. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Trinity College Dublin Dublin is Ireland's most populous county, with over 1.345 million residents as of 2016 - approximately 27% of the Republic of Ireland's total population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin The northern half of Dublin (Fingal) is characterised by flat, fertile plains, and is one of Ireland's major agricultural hubs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin During the late summer and early autumn, Dublin can experience Atlantic storms, which bring strong winds and torrential rain to Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin There also still exists a sheriff appointed for County Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin All other Christian denominations including Church of Ireland, Eastern Orthodox, Presbyterian and Methodist accounted for 7.0 percent of Dublin's population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin By 2019, Dublin was reportedly the 17th most congested city in the world, and had the 5th highest average commute time in the European Union. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin It serves as the centre of both Dublin and Ireland's motorway network, and most of the national primary roads to other cities begin at the M50 and radiate outwards. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Further south, areas like Dún Laoghaire, Dalkey and Killiney have long been some of Dublin's most affluent areas, and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown consistently has the highest average house prices in Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Most of Ireland's international flights transit through Dublin Airport, and the vast majority of passenger ferry arrivals dock at Dublin Port. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin As of 2019, 4 of the top 10 fee-paying tourist attractions in Ireland are located within County Dublin, as well as 5 of the top 10 free attractions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Dublin Pride is an annual pride parade held on the last Saturday of June and is Ireland's largest public LGBT event. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Dublin city is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, as well as the largest city on the island of Ireland. Roughly 9 out of every 10 people in County Dublin lives within Dublin city and its suburbs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Dublin is the third smallest of Ireland's 32 counties by area, and the largest in terms of population. It is the third-smallest of Leinster's 12 counties in size and the largest by population. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin In contrast with the Atlantic Coast, the east coast of Ireland has relatively few islands. County Dublin has the highest concentration of islands on the Irish east coast. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland. There are 1,090 townlands in Dublin, of which 88 are historic town boundaries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Of those born in the UK, 76.3 percent were born in Britain, and the remaining 23.7 percent were born in Northern Ireland. Between 2011 and 2016, the number of UK-born residents living in Dublin declined by 1.8 percent. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Despite being an EU member since 2007, Ireland had restrictions on the number of Romanians who could emigrate to the country until 2012. The removal of the restrictions was followed by a significant increase in the number of Romanians living in Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Dublin Port was originally located along the Liffey, but gradually moved towards the coast over the centuries as vessel size increased. It is today the largest and busiest port in Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin County Dublin receives by far the most overseas tourists of any county in Ireland. This is primarily due to Dublin city's status as Ireland's largest city and its transportation hub. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin This is primarily due to Dublin city's status as Ireland's largest city and its transportation hub. Dublin is also Ireland's most popular destination for domestic tourists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin Dublin is also Ireland's most popular destination for domestic tourists. According to Fáilte Ireland, in 2017 Dublin received nearly 6 million overseas tourists, and just under 1.5 million domestic tourists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) County Dublin They marched to the General Post Office (GPO) on O'Connell Street, Dublin's main thoroughfare, occupied the building and hoisted two republican flags. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising Partly as a result of the police withdrawal, a wave of looting broke out in the city centre, especially in the area of O'Connell Street (still officially called "Sackville Street" at the time). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising The 90th anniversary was celebrated with a military parade in Dublin on Easter Sunday, 2006, attended by the President of Ireland, the Taoiseach and the Lord Mayor of Dublin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising When the Irish Volunteers smuggled rifles into Dublin, the British Army attempted to stop them and shot into a crowd of civilians. By 1914, Ireland seemed to be on the brink of a civil war. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising A contingent under Seán Connolly occupied Dublin City Hall and adjacent buildings. They attempted to seize neighbouring Dublin Castle, the heart of British rule in Ireland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising Three unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police were shot dead on the first day of the Rising and their Commissioner pulled them off the streets. Partly as a result of the police withdrawal, a wave of looting broke out in the city centre, especially in the area of O'Connell Street (still officially called "Sackville Street" at the time). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Easter Rising In May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, management informed staff that the Grafton Street café would close permanently "in the coming weeks", leading to the loss of 110 jobs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bewley's In 2007, its lease was challenged by the landlord, Ickendel Limited, after extensive works were carried out without landlord consent. The Grafton Street premises closed again for more extensive refurbishment works from February 2015. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bewley's The potato blight returned to Europe in 1879 but, by this time, the Land War (one of the largest agrarian movements to take place in 19th-century Europe) had begun in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Great Famine (Ireland) Such expressions of national pride coincide with a general notion in Ireland at the time to be entitled to government relief and with some individuals and committees from Ireland going on fundraising missions to England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Great Famine (Ireland) United won the league that season for the first time since 1967, but Dublin failed to make the 10 Premier League appearances required to automatically gain a title winner's medal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dion Dublin This turned out to be Dublin's last cap for his country. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dion Dublin However, since 2014, Ireland has experienced increased economic activity. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Republic of Ireland As such, Ireland's GDP and GNP should no longer be used. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Republic of Ireland Alcoholic drinks associated with Ireland include Poitín and the world-famous Guinness, which is a dry stout that originated in the brewery of Arthur Guinness at St. James's Gate in Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Republic of Ireland At the time, a declaration of a republic terminated Commonwealth membership. This rule was changed 10 days after Ireland declared itself a republic, with the London Declaration of 28 April 1949. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Republic of Ireland Ireland seemed to be on the brink of civil war. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland It would divide Ireland into two self-governing UK territories: the six northeastern counties (Northern Ireland) being ruled from Belfast, and the other twenty-six counties (Southern Ireland) being ruled from Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland The population of Northern Ireland has risen yearly since 1978. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland They are also, with similar exceptions, entitled to be citizens of Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland's border was drawn to give it "a decisive Protestant majority". At the time of its creation, Northern Ireland's population was two-thirds Protestant and one-third Catholic. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland Since 1995, the Ireland rugby union team has used a specially commissioned song, "Ireland's Call" as the team's anthem. The Irish national anthem is also played at Dublin home matches, being the anthem of the host country. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland In 2008, Grafton Street was the fifth most expensive main shopping street in the world, at €5,621/m2/year, and the thirteenth most expensive main shopping street in the world in 2016 at approx €3,300/m2/year. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street Glen Hansard – ex-Grafton Street busker, Academy Award winner and frontman of The Frames and The Swell Season --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street In the song "Before the Worst" performed by The Script, Grafton Street is mentioned in the lyrics; "It was Grafton Street on a rainy night, I was down on one knee and you were mine for life". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street Grafton Street (Irish: Sráid Grafton) is one of the two principal shopping streets in Dublin city centre, the other being Henry Street. It runs from St Stephen's Green in the south (at the highest point of the street) to College Green in the north (to the lowest point). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street The street was developed from a then-existing country lane by the Dawson family, after whom the parallel Dawson Street is named, in 1708. In 1712, Dublin Corporation funded a project for the building of a crown causeway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street During this time, it became known for prostitution; in the 1870s, 1,500 prostitutes were reputed to work in the street. The English Grammar School was founded at No. 75 Grafton Street in 1758, by Samuel Whyte, first cousin in law of the actor and impresario Thomas Sheridan. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street Hodges Figgis first bookshop was at 104 Grafton Street, opening in 1797. It moved to its current location in Dawson Street in 1920.As part of a wider set of proposals to rename a number of Dublin streets in 1921, it was proposed that Grafton Street be renamed Grattan Street in a report by the Dublin Corporation street naming committee. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grafton Street It is operated by DAA (formerly Dublin Airport Authority). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport During 2013, passenger numbers at Dublin Airport were above the 20 million mark for the first time since 2009 with a 5.6% increase year on year. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport In 2015, Ethiopian Airlines began serving Dublin from Addis Ababa, thus inaugurating the first direct air link between Ireland and Sub-Saharan Africa. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport The Shannon Airport Authority and the Cork Airport Authority had separate boards of directors and were authorised under the Act to prepare business plans, which may have in time lead to their full separation from the Dublin Airport Authority. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport also welcomes more than one million passengers per annum from Northern Ireland and is a key international gateway for overseas visitors to Northern Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport (Irish: Aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath) (IATA: DUB, ICAO: EIDW) is an international airport serving Dublin, Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Airport It begins at V4 Watling Street, at Fairfields, bridges over the A5 and the West Coast Main Line (WCML), then joins the V6 Grafton Street at Bradville. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Milton Keynes grid road system The H10 Bletcham Way starts as a dual carriageway at the three-way Granby Roundabout with the V6 Grafton Street and V4 Watling Street at Denbigh. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Milton Keynes grid road system The V6 Grafton Street is a major local road in Milton Keynes key to the layout and urban form of the 'new city'. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Milton Keynes grid road system This defined the Irish state as the Lordship of Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland However, it was not until 1949 that the state was declared, officially, to be the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland About 400 species of birds have been recorded in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland People have lived in Ireland for over 9,000 years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland There is now a network of urban Irish speakers in both the Republic and Northern Ireland, especially in Dublin and Belfast, with the children of such Irish speakers sometimes attending Irish-medium schools (Gaelscoil). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland English in Ireland was first introduced during the Norman invasion. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland Multi-city regions on the island of Ireland include the Dublin-Belfast corridor (3.3 m) and Cork-Limerick-Galway corridor (1 m). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland In his later work, Geography, Ptolemy refers to Ireland as Iouernia and to Great Britain as Albion. These 'new' names were likely to have been the local names for the islands at the time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland The German intelligence was also active in Ireland. Its operations ended in September 1941 when police made arrests based on surveillance carried out on the key diplomatic legations in Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland City status in Ireland is decided by legislative or royal charter. Dublin, with over 1 million residents in the Greater Dublin Area, is the largest city on the island. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ireland In Dublin City where the girls they are so pretty, --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Molly Malone Each Dublin Core element is optional and may be repeated. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Core In 1920, Ireland was partitioned into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland national football team Amid these political upheavals, a rival football association, the Football Association of Ireland, emerged in Dublin in 1921 and organised a separate league and international team. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland national football team Given the time that is needed to build a new stadium, in the absence of significant work improving Windsor Park, it seemed to be likely that Northern Ireland might be forced to play their home games at a venue outside Northern Ireland for a period. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northern Ireland national football team The Fingal area north of Dublin was named after the Norse who lived there. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kingdom of Dublin Vikings invaded the territory around Dublin in the 9th century, establishing the Norse Kingdom of Dublin, the earliest and longest-lasting Norse kingdom in Ireland. Its territory corresponded to most of present-day County Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kingdom of Dublin Traditional histories assert that the Romans never attempted to conquer Ireland, although it may have been considered. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Irish people His first public performances in Dublin were as the "Dandelion Clown" at the Dandelion Market, a former bohemian market on St. Stephen's Green. During the 1980s and early 1990s, he became well-known and popular for performances on Grafton Street where he worked as a mime artist or otherwise performed in costume, to advertise the Diceman shop. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Thom McGinty Actor Alan Stanford proposed in 2005 that Grafton Street should have a statue of the performer. A song called "Diceman" was released by Rocky de Valera and the Gravediggers in 2007. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Thom McGinty It was a time of prosperity, population growth and better health, except in Ireland where over one million deaths were caused by a terrible famine when the potato crop failed in the 1840s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Government did little to help the starving poor in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Dublin was established as a Viking settlement in the 10th century and, despite a number of attacks by the native Irish, it remained largely under Viking control until the Norman invasion of Ireland was launched from Wales in 1169. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin It was upon the death of Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn in early 1166 that Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht, proceeded to Dublin and was inaugurated King of Ireland without opposition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin This continued down to 1840 when the barony of Dublin City was separated from the barony of Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Since 2001, both baronies have been redesignated as the City of Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin Castle, which became the centre of Anglo-Norman power in Ireland, was founded in 1204 as a major defensive work on the orders of King John of England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin A Loyalist paramilitary group, the Ulster Volunteer Force, bombed the city during this time – notably in an atrocity known as the Dublin and Monaghan bombings in which 34 people died, mainly in central Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin is situated at the mouth of the River Liffey and encompasses a land area of approximately 117.8 square kilometres (45.5 sq mi) in east-central Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin The National University of Ireland (NUI) has its seat in Dublin, which is also the location of the associated constituent university of University College Dublin (UCD), which has over 30,000 students. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Founded in 1854, it is now the largest university in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin County Dublin is home for 13 of the senior rugby union clubs in Ireland including 5 of the 10 sides in the top division 1A. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin According to some historians, part of the city's early economic growth is attributed to a trade in slaves. Slavery in Ireland and Dublin reached its pinnacle in the 9th and 10th centuries. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin was also a victim of the Northern Irish Troubles, although during this 30-year conflict, violence mainly occurred within Northern Ireland. A Loyalist paramilitary group, the Ulster Volunteer Force, bombed the city during this time – notably in an atrocity known as the Dublin and Monaghan bombings in which 34 people died, mainly in central Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin As the capital city, Dublin is the seat of the national parliament of Ireland, the Oireachtas. It is composed of the President of Ireland, Seanad Éireann as the upper house, and Dáil Éireann as the lower house. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin The residence of the President of Ireland (Áras an Uachtaráin), which was built in 1751, is located in the park. The park is also home to Dublin Zoo, Ashtown Castle, and the official residence of the United States Ambassador. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin As of 2017, approximately 874,400 people were employed in the Greater Dublin Area. Around 60% of people who are employed in Ireland's financial, ICT, and professional sectors are located in this area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin is served by a network of nearly 200 bus routes which cover the city and suburbs. The majority of these are provided by Dublin Bus, with a modest number having been transferred to Go Ahead Ireland in 2018. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin Business School (DBS) is Ireland's largest private third level institution with over 9,000 students located on Aungier Street, and Griffith College Dublin has its main facility in Portobello. There are also smaller specialised colleges, including The Gaiety School of Acting. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Dublin is home to a greater proportion of newer arrivals than any other part of the country. Sixty percent of Ireland's Asian population lives in Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin RTÉ is Ireland's national state broadcaster, and is based in Donnybrook. Fair City is RTÉ's soap opera, located in the fictional Dublin suburb of Carraigstown. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin The Dublin Marathon has been run since 1980 at the end of October. The Women's Mini Marathon has been run since 1983 on the first Monday in June, which is also a bank holiday in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin It is said to be the largest all female event of its kind in the world. The Great Ireland Run takes place in Dublin's Phoenix Park in mid-April. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin The Great Ireland Run takes place in Dublin's Phoenix Park in mid-April. The Dublin area hosts greyhound racing at Shelbourne Park and horse racing at Leopardstown. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dublin Heron had previously been examined and, on merit, declared a scholar of the college but had not been allowed to take up his place due to his Catholic religion. Heron appealed to the Courts which issued a writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trinity College Dublin In April 1900, Queen Victoria visited College Green in Dublin. Women were admitted to Trinity College as full members for the first time in 1904. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trinity College Dublin There are now two such Catholic chaplains. In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College, Dublin, of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trinity College Dublin Dublin University Football Club, founded in 1854, plays rugby union and is the world's oldest documented "football club". Dublin University A.F.C., founded in 1883, is the oldest surviving association football club in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trinity College Dublin Lambay Island, at 250 hectares (620 acres), is the largest island off Ireland's east coast and the easternmost point of County Dublin. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin In terms of total numbers, Dublin has the largest non-white population Ireland, with an estimated 109,732 residents, accounting for 8.3% of the county's population. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin For centuries, the Primacy of Ireland was disputed between Dublin, the social and political capital of Ireland, and Armagh, site of Saint Patrick's main church, which was founded in 445 AD. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin The Dublin Region, which is conterminous with County Dublin, has the largest and most highly developed economy in Ireland, accounting for over two-fifths of national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin In 2017, average disposable income per person in Dublin was €23,864, or 115.2% of the national average (€20,714), the highest of any county in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Dublin has 810 individual farms with an average size of 47.6 ha (118 acres), the largest average farm size of any county in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin The Deerfield Residence, also in Phoenix Park, is the official residence of the United States Ambassador to Ireland, while Glencairn House in south Dublin is used as the British Ambassador's residence. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Dublin is among the most socially liberal places in Ireland, and popular sentiment on issues such as LGBT rights, abortion and divorce has often foreran the rest of the island. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin In 1987, Dublin Senator David Norris took the Irish government to the European Court of Human Rights (see Norris v. Ireland) over the criminalisation of homosexual acts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Dublin has two ODI cricket grounds in Castle Avenue and Malahide Cricket Club Ground, and the Phoenix Cricket Club, founded in 1830, is the oldest in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Forest cover extends to over 6,000 hectares (15,000 acres) within the county, nearly all of which is located in the Dublin Mountains. With just 6.5% of Dublin under forest, it is the 6th least forested county in Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin The Dublin Region is a NUTS Level III region of Ireland. The region is one of eight regions of the Republic of Ireland for the purposes of Eurostat statistics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin As of 2016, Dublin has over twice the population of Antrim and two and a half times the population of Cork. Approximately 20.5% of Ireland's population lives within County Dublin (27% if only the Republic of Ireland is counted). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Approximately 20.5% of Ireland's population lives within County Dublin (27% if only the Republic of Ireland is counted). Additionally, Dublin has more people than the combined populations of Ireland's 16 smallest counties. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Prior to the 2000s, the UK was historically the largest single source of non-nationals living in Dublin. Of those born in the UK, 76.3 percent were born in Britain, and the remaining 23.7 percent were born in Northern Ireland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin As of 2016, the fastest growing major immigrant group in Dublin was Romanians. Despite being an EU member since 2007, Ireland had restrictions on the number of Romanians who could emigrate to the country until 2012. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin County Dublin has the oldest and most extensive transportation infrastructure in Ireland. The Dublin and Kingstown Railway, opened in December 1834, was Ireland's first railway line. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin The Dublin and Kingstown Railway, opened in December 1834, was Ireland's first railway line. The line, which ran from Westland Row to Dún Laoghaire, was originally intended to be used for cargo. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin At the time of its establishment, the SEZ had the lowest corporate tax rate in the EU. The IFSC has since expanded into a 37.8-hectare site centred around the Dublin Docklands. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin Dublin is the dominant force of Leinster football, with 59 Leinster Senior Championship wins. Nationally, the county is second only to Kerry for All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) County Dublin His plan was to "bottle up the British garrison and divert the British from concentrating on Dublin". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Easter Rising They attempted to seize neighbouring Dublin Castle, the heart of British rule in Ireland. As they approached the gate a lone and unarmed police sentry, James O'Brien, attempted to stop them and was shot dead by Connolly. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Easter Rising That afternoon Pearse walked out into O'Connell Street with a small escort and stood in front of Nelson's Pillar. As a large crowd gathered, he read out a 'manifesto to the citizens of Dublin,' calling on them to support the Rising. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Easter Rising The flagship Grafton Street café was opened by Ernest Bewley in 1927. The Grafton Street building had once housed Whyte's Academy, a school whose pupils included the Duke of Wellington and Robert Emmet. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bewley's The Grafton Street premises closed again for more extensive refurbishment works from February 2015. By October 2015, Bewley's announced that the length of the closure would extend, and by mid-2016, the date of reopening had been pushed back to the end of 2016. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bewley's In May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, management informed staff that the Grafton Street café would close permanently "in the coming weeks", leading to the loss of 110 jobs. However, in late July 2020, it was announced that it would re-open on a phased basis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bewley's In English in Ireland the language is normally referred to as "Irish", but also sometimes as "Gaelic". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish language Between 1921 and 1972, Northern Ireland had devolved government. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish language In 1657 the English colonists in Dublin presented a petition to the Municipal Council complaining that in Dublin itself "there is Irish commonly and usually spoken". There is contemporary evidence of the use of Irish in other urban areas at the time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish language As of 2019 there are 37 such primary schools in Dublin alone. It has been suggested that Ireland's towns and cities are acquiring a critical mass of Irish speakers, reflected in the expansion of Irish language media. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish language The potato was introduced to Ireland as a garden crop of the gentry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) The landed proprietors in Ireland were held in Britain to have created the conditions that led to the famine. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) The population of Ireland was increasing no faster than that of England, which suffered no equivalent catastrophe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) Some scholars estimate that the population of Ireland was reduced by 20–25%. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) But potatoes failed in like manner all over Europe; yet there was no famine save in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) He suggested that, if Ireland had a domestic Parliament, the ports would be thrown open and the abundant crops raised in Ireland would be kept for the people of Ireland, as the Dublin parliament had done during the food shortages of the 1780s. O'Connell maintained that only an Irish parliament would provide both food and employment for the people. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Famine (Ireland) United won the league that season for the first time since 1967, but Dublin failed to make the 10 Premier League appearances required to automatically gain a title winner's medal. However, he was given a medal as a result of special dispensation from the Premier League. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dion Dublin At the time, a declaration of a republic terminated Commonwealth membership. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Ireland is one of the least forested countries in Europe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Gaelic tradition expanded and became the dominant form over time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Opera Ireland produces large-scale operas in Dublin, the Opera Theatre Company tours its chamber-style operas throughout the country, and the annual Wexford Opera Festival, which promotes lesser-known operas, takes place during October and November. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Ireland has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since 1965. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Ireland has long been associated with thatched roof cottages, though these are nowadays considered quaint. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland They are administered by the Gaelic Athletics Association on an all-Ireland basis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland The state shares many symbols with the island of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Ireland's Dominion status was terminated with the passage of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948, which came into force on 18 April 1949 and declared that the state was a republic. At the time, a declaration of a republic terminated Commonwealth membership. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Seanad Éireann (Senate) and Dáil Éireann (House of Representatives). Áras an Uachtaráin is the official residence of the President of Ireland, while the houses of the Oireachtas meet at Leinster House in Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland In 2015, 4.5 million people took the route, at that time, the world's second-busiest. Aer Lingus is the flag carrier of Ireland, although Ryanair is the country's largest airline. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Republic of Ireland Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in several areas. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland It aimed to destabilize Northern Ireland and bring about an end to partition, but ended in failure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland It often refers to the Northern Ireland national football team. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland With Iarnród Éireann (Irish Rail), Northern Ireland Railways co-operates in providing the joint Enterprise service between Dublin Connolly and Lanyon Place. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland As a result of the Agreement, the Constitution of the Republic of Ireland was amended. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland Neither government, however, extends its citizenship to all persons born in Northern Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland Almost 2,000 murals have been documented in Northern Ireland since the 1970s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland The Ireland cricket team represents both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland Of the four, football is the most popular in Northern Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland As a result of the video, Mulqueen became the most googled woman in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Madeline Mulqueen This new name was first proposed by a columnist in The Irishman newspaper in 1862.Ernest Bewley opened Bewley's Oriental Café on Grafton Street in 1927, on the site of Whyte's Academy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Grafton Street Grafton Street is mentioned several times in James Joyce's Dubliners and in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the scene of the meeting between Stephen and Emma. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Grafton Street The pedestrianisation of Grafton Street was first trialled in September 1971 for a period of 4 weeks. After prolonged delays, it was made permanent in 1982, and then repaved in 1988 along with new street lighting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Grafton Street The Grafton Street School is a historic school at 311 Grafton Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The school consists of two buildings, built in 1879 and 1899, that feature high-quality Late Victorian architecture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Grafton Street School These tales and themes have continued to be developed over time in the living folklore of the country, but the main themes and characters have remained largely consistent. With the arrival of Christianity in Ireland, the first manuscripts preserved many of these tales in medieval Irish literature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish mythology A decision was made that a civil airport should replace Baldonnel as Dublin's airport. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport Aer Lingus has continued with the remaining Dublin–UK flights. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport In August 2019, Dublin Airport was chosen for the Special Achievement in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) award for its use of mapping software from ESRI Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport In August 2019, however, Hainan Airlines withdrew from Dublin entirely. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport The following airlines operature scheduled cargo services at Dublin Airport: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport There is no direct rail connection to Dublin Airport. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport During 2012, this increase continued with passenger numbers growing by 1.9%. During 2013, passenger numbers at Dublin Airport were above the 20 million mark for the first time since 2009 with a 5.6% increase year on year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Airport Subsequently it bridges both the A5 and the WCML railway. The road then crosses the V6 Grafton Street and runs along the southern edge of Central Milton Keynes and Campbell Park before passing Willen Lake. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Milton Keynes grid road system Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland These raids added to a pattern of raiding and endemic warfare that was already deep-seated in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland Ireland is now one of the least forested countries in Europe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland Music has been in evidence in Ireland since prehistoric times. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland Horse racing and greyhound racing are both popular in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland Three golfers from Northern Ireland have been particularly successful. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland Below is a comparison of the regional GDP on the island of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland In 1782, Poynings' Law was repealed, giving Ireland legislative independence from Great Britain for the first time since 1495. The British government, however, still retained the right to nominate the government of Ireland without the consent of the Irish parliament. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland In the Republic of Ireland, counties form the basis of the system of local government. Counties Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Tipperary have been broken up into smaller administrative areas. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland There is now a network of urban Irish speakers in both the Republic and Northern Ireland, especially in Dublin and Belfast, with the children of such Irish speakers sometimes attending Irish-medium schools (Gaelscoil). It has been argued that they tend to be more highly educated than monolingual English speakers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ireland The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI), which formulates the Dublin --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Core There is no prescribed order in Dublin Core for presenting or using the elements. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Core The change in policy produced dividends as Ireland won 1–0. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northern Ireland national football team Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Kingdom The actual location of the longphort of Dublin is still a hotly debated issue. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kingdom of Dublin Grafton Alley in Cork, close to where he was shot, also bears his name. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton The terms Irish and Ireland are probably derived from the goddess Ériu. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish people Ireland was then home to 3,171,697 Catholics, about a third of whom attended the Congress. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish people The 31st International Eucharistic Congress was held in Dublin in 1932, that year being the supposed 1,500th anniversary of Saint Patrick's arrival. Ireland was then home to 3,171,697 Catholics, about a third of whom attended the Congress. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Irish people McGinty died on 20 February 1995 after a sudden decline, aged 42. His coffin was carried the length of Grafton Street by his friends past a large crowd, and was accompanied by long and sustained applause. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Thom McGinty His coffin was carried the length of Grafton Street by his friends past a large crowd, and was accompanied by long and sustained applause. In 1997, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, Brendan Lynch, renamed a corner of Meeting House Square in Temple Bar as "The Diceman's Corner", where a plaque commemorates him. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Thom McGinty At one point it even seemed the Army might refuse orders dealing with Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Military service was optional; there was no conscription in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Sinn Féin won the 1918 general elections in Ireland and in keeping with their policy of abstention did not send its elected MPs to Westminster, deciding to set up its own separatist parliament in Dublin; Dáil Éireann. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Parliament in Dublin would discriminate or retaliate against them, impose Roman Catholic doctrine, and impose tariffs on industry. While most of Ireland was primarily agricultural, six of the counties in Ulster were the location of heavy industry and would be affected by any tariff barriers imposed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland It is bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The Tudor conquest of Ireland in the 16th century spelt a new era for Dublin, with the city enjoying a renewed prominence as the centre of administrative rule in an Ireland where English control and settlement had become much more extensive. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin One of the memorials to commemorate that time is the Garden of Remembrance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin A "Real Time Passenger Information" system was introduced at Dublin Bus bus stops in 2012 in which signs relay display the projected time of the next buses' arrival based on its GPS position. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The Institute of International and European Affairs is also in Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Together, the four areas form the traditional County Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The same area is also home to a number of smaller museums such as Number 29 on Fitzwilliam Street and the Little Museum of Dublin on St. Stephen's Green. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Dublin was shortlisted to be World Design Capital 2014. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin There are many pubs across the city centre, with the area around St. Stephen's Green and Grafton Street, especially Harcourt Street, Camden Street, Wexford Street and Leeson Street, the location of many nightclubs and pubs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The Dublin Marathon has been run since 1980 at the end of October. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where and when Dublin originated, with a settlement established by the Gaels during or before the 7th century AD, and a second, Viking, settlement, following. As the small Kingdom of Dublin, the city grew, and it became Ireland's principal settlement following the Norman invasion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin As the small Kingdom of Dublin, the city grew, and it became Ireland's principal settlement following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire after the Acts of Union in 1800. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire after the Acts of Union in 1800. Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The city played no major role in the Industrial Revolution, but remained the centre of administration and a transport hub for most of the island. Ireland had no significant sources of coal, the fuel of the time, and Dublin was not a centre of ship manufacturing, the other main driver of industrial development in Britain and Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Ireland had no significant sources of coal, the fuel of the time, and Dublin was not a centre of ship manufacturing, the other main driver of industrial development in Britain and Ireland. Belfast developed faster than Dublin during this period on a mixture of international trade, factory-based linen cloth production and shipbuilding. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Dublin is the largest centre of education in Ireland, and is home to four universities and a number of other higher education institutions. It was the European Capital of Science in 2012. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin The National University of Ireland (NUI) has its seat in Dublin, which is also the location of the associated constituent university of University College Dublin (UCD), which has over 30,000 students. Founded in 1854, it is now the largest university in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Private galleries in Dublin include Green on Red Gallery, Kerlin Gallery, Kevin Kavanagh Gallery and Mother's Tankstation. Three branches of the National Museum of Ireland are located in Dublin: Archaeology in Kildare Street, Decorative Arts and History in Collins Barracks and Natural History in Merrion Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Dublin is the centre of both media and communications in Ireland, with many newspapers, radio stations, television stations and telephone companies based there. RTÉ is Ireland's national state broadcaster, and is based in Donnybrook. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dublin Trinity College (Irish: Coláiste na Tríonóide), officially the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin, a research university located in Dublin, Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin "The ban" despite its longevity, is associated in the popular mind with Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid as he was made responsible for enforcing the ban from 1956 until it was rescinded by the Catholic Bishops of Ireland in 1970, shortly before McQuaid's retirement. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin Ultimately this episode led to the creation of the National University of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin Trinity College is today in the centre of Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin The provost also enjoys a special status in the University of Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin Until 1609 there were about 51 Scholars at any one time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trinity College Dublin The county was formerly administered by Dublin City Council and Dublin County Council. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin The Liffey, at 125 kilometres (78 mi) in length, is the 8th longest river in Ireland, and rises near Tonduff in County Wicklow, reaching the Irish Sea at the Dublin Docklands. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Dublin was the county worst-affected by Hurricane Charley in 1986. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin The regional capital is Dublin City which is also the national capital. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin In discussing the legislation to dissolve Dublin County Council, Avril Doyle TD said, "The Bill before us today effectively abolishes County Dublin, and as one born and bred in these parts of Ireland I find it rather strange that we in this House are abolishing County Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin This discrepancy can arise for a variety of factors, such as people born in Northern Ireland claiming Irish citizenship rather than UK citizenship, Irish people born in the UK who now live in Dublin, British people who have become natural citizens, and foreign residents of Dublin who were born in the UK but are not UK citizens. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Dublin and its hinterland has been a Christian diocese since 1028. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin As of 2018, Dublin also had the highest Human Development Index in Ireland at 0.963, placing it among the most developed places in the world in terms of life expectancy, education and per capita income. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin As of 2020, over €1.8 trillion of funds are administered from Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin It is today the largest and busiest port in Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin The top free attractions in Dublin are the National Gallery of Ireland, the National Botanic Gardens, the National Museum of Ireland and the Irish Museum of Modern Art, all of which receive over half a million visitors per year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Four Dublin football teams have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship; St Vincents, Kilmacud Crokes, UCD and Ballyboden St Enda's. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Although a small county in size, Dublin contains one third of Leinster's 168 golf courses, and three-time major winner Pádraig Harrington is from Rathfarnham. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Dublin is Ireland's most populous county, with over 1.345 million residents as of 2016 - approximately 27% of the Republic of Ireland's total population. Dublin city is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, as well as the largest city on the island of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin With just 6.5% of Dublin under forest, it is the 6th least forested county in Ireland. Much of the county is drained by the River Liffey and two of its main tributaries, the River Tolka in north Dublin and the River Dodder in south Dublin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin During the late summer and early autumn, Dublin can experience Atlantic storms, which bring strong winds and torrential rain to Ireland. Dublin was the county worst-affected by Hurricane Charley in 1986. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin They rank equally as first level local administrative units of the NUTS 3 Dublin Region for Eurostat purposes. There are 34 LAU 1 entities in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin All other Christian denominations including Church of Ireland, Eastern Orthodox, Presbyterian and Methodist accounted for 7.0 percent of Dublin's population. Together, all denominations of Christianity accounted for 75.9 percent of the county's population. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin In 1353 the dispute was settled by Pope Innocent VI, who proclaimed that the Archbishop of Dublin was Primate of Ireland, while the Archbishop of Armagh was titled Primate of All Ireland. These two distinct titles were replicated in the Church of Ireland following the Reformation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Historically, County Dublin was the epicentre of Protestantism in Ireland outside of Ulster. Records from the 1891 census show that the county was 21.4 percent Protestant towards the end of the 19th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin As of 2020, over €1.8 trillion of funds are administered from Ireland. There was renewed interest in Dublin's financial services sector in the wake of the UK's vote to withdraw from the European Union in 2016. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Numerous LGBT events and venues are now located within the county. Dublin Pride is an annual pride parade held on the last Saturday of June and is Ireland's largest public LGBT event. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin Dublin Pride is an annual pride parade held on the last Saturday of June and is Ireland's largest public LGBT event. In 2018, an estimated 60,000 people attended. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin The county has seen less success in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, ranking joint-fifth alongside Wexford. Dublin has been in 21 All-Ireland hurling finals, winning just 6, the most recent of which was in 1938. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) County Dublin By 1914, Ireland seemed to be on the brink of a civil war. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising It was widely believed at the time that the war would not last more than a few months. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising Casement also left for Ireland aboard the German submarine U-19. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising The rebels' plan was to hold Dublin city centre. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising By the time British reinforcements arrived in the west, the Rising there had already disintegrated. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising " At the same time, CIÉ, the Republic of Ireland's railway operator, renamed several of its major stations after republicans who played key roles in the Easter Rising. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising It was widely believed at the time that the war would not last more than a few months. On 14 September 1915 an Order in Council was made under the Suspensory Act to suspend the Government of Ireland Act until 18 March 1916. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising They marched to the General Post Office (GPO) on O'Connell Street, Dublin's main thoroughfare, occupied the building and hoisted two republican flags. Pearse stood outside and read the Proclamation of the Irish Republic. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising Sporadic fighting, therefore, continued until Sunday, when word of the surrender was got to the other rebel garrisons. Command of British forces had passed from Lowe to General John Maxwell, who arrived in Dublin just in time to take the surrender. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Easter Rising By October 2015, Bewley's announced that the length of the closure would extend, and by mid-2016, the date of reopening had been pushed back to the end of 2016. Ultimately, in November 2017, Bewley's Grafton Street was reopened after the "1000 day" multimillion-euro refurbishment. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bewley's These writings have been found throughout Ireland and the west coast of Great Britain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language Irish was not marginal to Ireland's modernisation in the 19th century, as often assumed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language There is, however, a growing body of Irish speakers in urban areas, particularly in Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language In the 16th and 17th centuries it was widespread even in Dublin and the Pale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language Scribal activity in Irish persisted in Dublin right through the 18th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin By the 1930s Dublin had a lively literary life in Irish. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language As of 2019 there are 37 such primary schools in Dublin alone. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language In County Dublin itself the general rule was to place the stress on the initial vowel of words. With time it appears that the forms of the dative case took over the other case endings in the plural (a tendency found to a lesser extent in other dialects). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish language Landlords in Ireland often used their powers without compunction, and tenants lived in dread of them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) The Mansion House Committee in Dublin, to which hundreds of letters were directed from all over Ireland, claimed on 19 November 1845 to have ascertained beyond the shadow of a doubt that "considerably more than one-third of the entire of the potato crop ... has been already destroyed". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) The famine marked the beginning of the depopulation of Ireland in the 19th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) In the following decade, it spread uncontrollably across Asia, through Europe, and into Britain, finally reaching Ireland in 1849. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) Among the memorials in Ireland are the National Famine Museum and Strokestown Park House in County Roscommon; the Irish Famine Exhibition in Dublin; the Jeanie Johnston: An Irish Famine Story, Dublin; EPIC --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) The Celtic grazing lands of ... Ireland had been used to pasture cows for centuries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) In the modern era, this name, while loosely translated as "the hard-time", is always denoted with a capital letter to express its specific historic meaning. The period of the potato blight in Ireland from 1845 to 1851 was full of political confrontation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Famine (Ireland) However, his new club recognised that Dublin had greater potential as a striker. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin During the 1988–89 season, Dublin was then loaned out for a short spell to Barnet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin However, the injury did not end Dublin's career and he was back in action three months later. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin Having regained his fitness, Dublin remained on the Villa Park payroll until 2002. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin It marked a return, almost 20 years after leaving, for Dublin to the club where he began his career. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin Since retiring from football, Dublin has worked in the media as a pundit for Sky Sports. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin In July 2021, Dublin returned to Cambridge United after being appointed as a director. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dion Dublin It was officially declared a republic in 1949, following the Republic of Ireland Act 1948. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland One of Europe's major financial hubs is centred around Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland As well as "Ireland", "Éire" or "the Republic of Ireland", the state is also referred to as "the Republic", "Southern Ireland" or "the South". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland After a week of heavy fighting, primarily in Dublin, the surviving rebels were forced to surrender their positions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Ireland is a constitutional republic with a parliamentary system of government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Ireland has been a member state of the European Union since 1973. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Healthcare in Ireland is provided by both public and private healthcare providers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Well known Irish poets include Patrick Kavanagh, Thomas McCarthy, Dermot Bolger, and Nobel Prize in Literature laureates William Butler Yeats and Seamus Heaney (born in Northern Ireland but resided in Dublin). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The BBC's Northern Irish division is widely available in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Boxing is Ireland's most successful sport at an Olympic level. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of gender equality. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe, and second most charitable in the world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The flag of Ireland is a tricolour of green, white and orange. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The arms of Ireland originate as the arms of the monarchs of Ireland and was recorded as the arms of the King of Ireland in the 12th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland At the time, joining the UN involved a commitment to using force to deter aggression by one state against another if the UN thought it was necessary. Interest towards membership of the European Communities (EC) developed in Ireland during the 1950s, with consideration also given to membership of the European Free Trade Area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The military includes the Reserve Defence Forces (Army Reserve and Naval Service Reserve) for part-time reservists. Ireland's special forces include the Army Ranger Wing, which trains and operates with international special operations units. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The London to Dublin air route is the ninth busiest international air route in the world, and also the busiest international air route in Europe, with 14,500 flights between the two in 2017. In 2015, 4.5 million people took the route, at that time, the world's second-busiest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland Dublin is the centre of the network with two main stations, Heuston station and Connolly station, linking to the country's cities and main towns. The Enterprise service, which runs jointly with Northern Ireland Railways, connects Dublin and Belfast. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Republic of Ireland The creation of Northern Ireland was accompanied by violence both in defence of and against partition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland In response, unionists vowed to prevent Irish Home Rule, from Conservative and Unionist Party leaders such as Bonar Law and Dublin-based barrister Sir Edward Carson to militant working class unionists in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland It came into force on 3 May 1921, partitioning Ireland and creating Northern Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland's border was drawn to give it "a decisive Protestant majority". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland law developed from Irish law that existed before the partition of Ireland in 1921. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland There is no generally accepted term to describe what Northern Ireland is: province, region, country or something else. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland This has been noted as a problem by several writers on Northern Ireland, with no generally recommended solution. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland can also be simply described as "part of the UK", including by UK government offices. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland In the past, calls have been made for Northern Ireland's name to be changed to Ulster. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland The phrase is seen as a lighthearted way to refer to Northern Ireland, based as it is on regional pronunciation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland The population of Northern Ireland is almost entirely white (98.2%). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland English is spoken as a first language by almost all of the Northern Ireland population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland The Irish language (Irish: an Ghaeilge), or Gaelic, is a native language of Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Ulster Scots comprises varieties of the Scots language spoken in Northern Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland shares both the culture of Ireland and the culture of the United Kingdom. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Since the end of the Troubles, Northern Ireland has witnessed rising numbers of tourists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland The state-owned Channel 4 and the privately owned Channel 5 also broadcast in Northern Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland Passenger railways are operated by Northern Ireland Railways. With Iarnród Éireann (Irish Rail), Northern Ireland Railways co-operates in providing the joint Enterprise service between Dublin Connolly and Lanyon Place. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland The Irish national anthem is also played at Dublin home matches, being the anthem of the host country. Northern Irish murals have become well-known features of Northern Ireland, depicting past and present events and documenting peace and cultural diversity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland During this time, it became known for prostitution; in the 1870s, 1,500 prostitutes were reputed to work in the street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street The English Grammar School was founded at No. 75 Grafton Street in 1758, by Samuel Whyte, first cousin in law of the actor and impresario Thomas Sheridan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street Originally a fashionable residential street, the character of Grafton Street changed after it was connected to the Carlisle Bridge and formed part of a cross-city route. It suffered from dilapidation and prostitution through the 19th century, with several run-down buildings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street The street was named after Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, the illegitimate grandson of King Charles II who owned land in the area. The street was developed from a then-existing country lane by the Dawson family, after whom the parallel Dawson Street is named, in 1708. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street This new naming scheme was not implemented. This new name was first proposed by a columnist in The Irishman newspaper in 1862.Ernest Bewley opened Bewley's Oriental Café on Grafton Street in 1927, on the site of Whyte's Academy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street 14 retains the window pattern of an early Dutch Billy house. At the north end of Grafton Street is the Provost's House, Trinity College, home to the head of the college. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grafton Street Irish mythology is the mythology of the island of Ireland that has been preserved in the oral tradition, and later in the manuscripts of early Celtic Christianity. These tales and themes have continued to be developed over time in the living folklore of the country, but the main themes and characters have remained largely consistent. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish mythology Throughout the 1950s Dublin Airport expanded with virtually uninterrupted traffic growth. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Airport Airlines still had to provide an equal number of flights either to or through Shannon as to Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Airport In addition, Emirates has served Dublin from Dubai since January 2012. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Airport During 2013, passenger numbers at Dublin Airport were above the 20 million mark for the first time since 2009 with a 5.6% increase year on year. During 2014, this positive trend continued with an 8% increase over 2013. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport is served by a large network of bus and coach routes, serving both the wider Dublin area and intercity links to the rest of Ireland. More than 700 buses a day service Dublin Airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Airport The V4 Watling Street is part of the longer national Watling Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Milton Keynes grid road system Three important routes run roughly east-west through CMK: Avebury Boulevard, Midsummer Boulevard and Silbury Boulevard, running east from V6 Grafton Street and traversing V7 Saxon Street, to stop just short of the V8 Marlborough Street cutting. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Milton Keynes grid road system It begins at V4 Watling Street, at Fairfields, bridges over the A5 and the West Coast Main Line (WCML), then joins the V6 Grafton Street at Bradville. Among others, its route serves the Milton Keynes Museum. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Milton Keynes grid road system Its southern end is to the north of Fenny Stratford, at a roundabout where it meets V6 Grafton Street and H10 Bletcham Way. The original alignment continues south from here as Denbigh Rd, regaining its identity at a roundabout with V7 Saxon Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Milton Keynes grid road system Much of Ireland was woodland until the end of the Middle Ages. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The theory holds that there were four separate Celtic invasions of Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland These 'new' names were likely to have been the local names for the islands at the time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The Vikings were involved in establishing most of the major coastal settlements in Ireland: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland Conscription was not extended to Northern Ireland, and roughly an equal number volunteered from Northern Ireland as volunteered from the south. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The substance of the Agreement (formally referred to as the Belfast Agreement) was later endorsed by referendums in both parts of Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland Twenty-six of these counties are in the Republic of Ireland, and six are in Northern Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland City status in Ireland is decided by legislative or royal charter. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The population of Ireland collapsed dramatically during the second half of the 19th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The playwright and poet Oscar Wilde, noted for his epigrams, was born in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland Ireland has nine universities, seven in the Republic of Ireland and two in Northern Ireland, including Trinity College, Dublin and the University College Dublin, as well as numerous third-level colleges and institutes and a branch of the Open University, the Open University in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland The population soared in the latter part of this century and the architectural legacy of Georgian Ireland was built. In 1782, Poynings' Law was repealed, giving Ireland legislative independence from Great Britain for the first time since 1495. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ireland She is typically represented as a hawker by day and part-time prostitute by night. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Molly Malone The constituency incorporates the entirety of the former Dublin South-East constituency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) Use Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder only when using Qualified Dublin Core. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Core The Irish FA continued to organise its national team on an all-Ireland basis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland national football team Northern Ireland also qualified for the 1982 World Cup. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland national football team For the all-time record of the national team against opposing nations, see the team's all-time record page --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland national football team In 1923, at a time when the home nations had withdrawn from FIFA, the FAI was recognised by FIFA as the governing body of the Irish Free State on the condition that it changed its name to the Football Association of the Irish Free State. The Irish FA continued to organise its national team on an all-Ireland basis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northern Ireland national football team From the union with Ireland to the end of the First World War == --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom Others have chosen to live and work in the UK without taking up British citizenship, such as Ezra Pound. Historically, a number of Irish writers, living at a time when all of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom, also spent much of their working lives in England. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom Historically, a number of Irish writers, living at a time when all of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom, also spent much of their working lives in England. These include Oscar Wilde, Bram Stoker and George Bernard Shaw. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom Filming commenced in 2018 in Belfast and Dublin and continued in Dublin to late February 2019. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Murders Its territory corresponded to most of present-day County Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kingdom of Dublin Dublin (Skere) to the north. The Fingal area north of Dublin was named after the Norse who lived there. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kingdom of Dublin At the time of his marriage, Henry FitzRoy was created Baron Sudbury, Viscount Ipswich, and Earl of Euston. In 1675 he was created Duke of Grafton, and Charles II made him a Knight of the Garter in 1680. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton Ireland has been inhabited for about 33,000 years according to archaeological studies (see Prehistoric Ireland). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish people The British government produced little aid, only sending raw corn known as 'Peel's Brimstone' to Ireland. It was known by this name after the British Prime Minister at the time, Robert Peel, and the fact that many Irish weren't aware on how to cook corn. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Irish people The Famine is remembered in Ireland to this day as oppression by the British Empire. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland For the first time the growing industrial cities had representation in Parliament. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Cottiers (or farm labourers) were largely wiped out during what is known in Ireland as the "Great Hunger". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland O'Connell's campaign was hampered by the limited scope of the franchise in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Cabinet decided that the 1914 Act should be brought into operation immediately and a Government established in Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland It was a time of prosperity, population growth and better health, except in Ireland where over one million deaths were caused by a terrible famine when the potato crop failed in the 1840s. The Government did little to help the starving poor in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The issue was a source of contention throughout Ireland, as a significant majority of Unionists (largely but not exclusively based in Ulster), opposed Home Rule, fearing that a Catholic Nationalist ("Rome Rule") Parliament in Dublin would discriminate or retaliate against them, impose Roman Catholic doctrine, and impose tariffs on industry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland This treaty created a division in Irish nationalism and resulted in the Irish Civil War. The union of Great Britain with most of Ulster was renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and is known by this name to the present time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Viking settlement of about 841, Dyflin, and a Gaelic settlement, Áth Cliath ("ford of hurdles") further up river, at the present day Father Mathew Bridge (also known as Dublin Bridge), at the bottom of Church Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin In 1930, the boundaries were extended by the Local Government (Dublin) Act. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Dublin has many landmarks and monuments dating back hundreds of years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin It replaces Nelson's Pillar and is intended to mark Dublin's place in the 21st century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin As of 2017, approximately 874,400 people were employed in the Greater Dublin Area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The tunnel connects Dublin Port and the M1 motorway close to Dublin Airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The 2011 Census showed that 5.9 percent of commuters in Dublin cycled. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The National College of Ireland (NCI) is also based in Dublin, as well as the Economic and Social Research Institute, a social science research institute, on Sir John Rogerson's Quay, and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin RTÉ is Ireland's national state broadcaster, and is based in Donnybrook. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Croke Park is the largest sport stadium in Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The Dublin Irish-speaking cohort is supported by a number of Irish-medium schools. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin This continued down to 1840 when the barony of Dublin City was separated from the barony of Dublin. Since 2001, both baronies have been redesignated as the City of Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Since 1997, the landscape of Dublin has changed. The city was at the forefront of Ireland's economic expansion during the Celtic Tiger period, with private sector and state development of housing, transport and business. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The road network in Ireland is primarily focused on Dublin. The M50 motorway, a semi-ring road which runs around the south, west and north of the city, connects important national primary routes to the rest of the country. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin In 2014, Dublin Airport was the 18th busiest airport in Europe, serving over 21 million passengers. By 2016 this increased to 27.9 million passengers passing through the airport, establishing an all-time record supported by growth in both short- and long-haul networks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin It is situated in the city centre, on College Green, and has over 18,000 students. The National University of Ireland (NUI) has its seat in Dublin, which is also the location of the associated constituent university of University College Dublin (UCD), which has over 30,000 students. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Sixty percent of Ireland's Asian population lives in Dublin. Over 15% of Dublin's population was foreign-born in 2006.The capital attracts the largest proportion of non-Catholic migrants from other countries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Three branches of the National Museum of Ireland are located in Dublin: Archaeology in Kildare Street, Decorative Arts and History in Collins Barracks and Natural History in Merrion Street. The same area is also home to a number of smaller museums such as Number 29 on Fitzwilliam Street and the Little Museum of Dublin on St. Stephen's Green. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Dublin has several mid-range venues that host live music throughout the week, including Whelans and Vicar Street. The 3Arena venue in the Dublin Docklands plays host to visiting global performers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The city has numerous shopping districts, particularly around Grafton Street and Henry Street. The city centre is also the location of large department stores, including Arnotts, Brown Thomas and (prior to its 2015 closure) Clerys. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin Though the number of Irish speakers declined throughout Ireland in the 19th century, the end of the century saw a Gaelic revival, centred in Dublin and accompanied by renewed literary activity. This was the harbinger of a steady renewal of urban Irish, though with new characteristics of its own. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dublin The Provost's House sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that the House is actually on Grafton Street, one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin Heron appealed to the Courts which issued a writ of mandamus requiring the case to be adjudicated by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Primate of Ireland. The decision of Richard Whately and John George de la Poer Beresford was that Heron would remain excluded from Scholarship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin For the period from 1904 to 1907, women from Oxford and Cambridge came to Trinity College to receive their ad eundem degree and were known as Steamboat ladies. In 1907, the Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin In 1907, the Chief Secretary for Ireland proposed the reconstitution of the University of Dublin. A "Dublin University Defence Committee" was created and was successful in campaigning against any change to the status quo, while the Catholic bishops' rejection of the idea ensured its failure among the Catholic population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin In the late 1960s, there was a proposal for University College, Dublin, of the National University of Ireland, to become a constituent college of a newly reconstituted University of Dublin. This plan, suggested by Brian Lenihan and Donogh O'Malley, was dropped after opposition by Trinity College students. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin This arrangement was discontinued in 1998 when the DIT obtained degree-granting powers of its own. The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977 and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College, Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Trinity College Dublin County Dublin (Irish: Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath or Contae Átha Cliath) is one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, located on the island's east coast, within the province of Leinster. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As a result, Dublin is one of four counties in Ireland with a different name origin for both Irish and English - the others being Wexford, Waterford and Wicklow, whose English names are also derived from Old Norse. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin There are 34 LAU 1 entities in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The immigrant population of Dublin is mainly from other European countries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As of 2016, the fastest growing major immigrant group in Dublin was Romanians. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin According to the 2016 census, Dublin city is the least religious local authority in Ireland, with 18.1 percent of the population declaring themselves non-religious, followed closely by Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and Galway city (17.1 percent). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin These two distinct titles were replicated in the Church of Ireland following the Reformation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As of 2016, there were 554,554 people living within Dublin city centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin There are six commuter lines in Dublin, which are managed by Iarnród Éireann. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Five of these lines serve as routes between Dublin and towns across the GDA and beyond. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As Ireland's most populous county, Dublin has the highest total household income in the country, at an estimated €46.8 billion in 2017 - higher than the Border, Midlands, West and South-East regions combined. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The IFSC has since expanded into a 37.8-hectare site centred around the Dublin Docklands. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Dublin hosts the headquarters of some of Ireland's largest multinational corporations, including 14 of the 20 companies which make up the ISEQ 20 index - those with the highest trading volume and market capitalisation of all Irish Stock Exchange listed companies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The county is located within the Dublin constituency for elections to the European Parliament. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Once the centuries-long seat of the British government's administration in Ireland, Dublin Castle is now only used for ceremonial purposes, such as policy launches, hosting of State visits, and the inauguration of the president. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The Dublin county board is the governing body for Gaelic games within the county. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Six League of Ireland football clubs are based within County Dublin; Bohemians F.C., Shamrock Rovers, St Patrick's Athletic, University College Dublin, Shelbourne and Cabinteely. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Dublin was the first county in Ireland to be shired after the Norman Conquest in the late 12th century. The Normans captured the Kingdom of Dublin from its Norse-Gael rulers, and the name was used as the basis for the county's official Anglo-Norman (and later English) name. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As the prevailing wind direction in Ireland is from the south and west, the Wicklow Mountains create a rain shadow over much of the county. Dublin's sheltered location makes it the driest place in Ireland, receiving only about half the rainfall of the west coast. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Dublin's sheltered location makes it the driest place in Ireland, receiving only about half the rainfall of the west coast. Ringsend in the south of Dublin city records the lowest rainfall in the country, with an average annual precipitation of 683 mm (27 in). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Between 2011 and 2016, international migration produced a net increase of 25,261 people. Dublin has the highest proportion of international residents of any county in Ireland, with around 21% of the county's population being born outside of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin In terms of total numbers, Dublin has the largest non-white population Ireland, with an estimated 109,732 residents, accounting for 8.3% of the county's population. Nearly half (44.7 percent) of Ireland's black residents live within the county. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Conversely, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown in the south of the county has one of Ireland's lowest percentages of black residents, with only 0.67% of the population identifying as black in 2016. Additionally, 42.8% of Ireland's multiracial population lives within County Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Dublin and its hinterland has been a Christian diocese since 1028. For centuries, the Primacy of Ireland was disputed between Dublin, the social and political capital of Ireland, and Armagh, site of Saint Patrick's main church, which was founded in 445 AD. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Under CSO classification, an "Urban Area" is a town with a population greater than 1,500. Dublin is the most urbanised county in Ireland, with 97.75% of its residents residing in urban areas as of 2016. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin As of 2019, there were over 550,000 cars registered in County Dublin, accounting for 25.3% of all cars registered in the State. Due to the county's small area and high degree of urbanisation, there is a preference for "D" registered used cars throughout Ireland, as they are considered to have undergone less wear and tear. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin A Dún Laoghaire to Holyhead ferry was formerly operated by Stena Line, but the route was closed in 2015. Dublin Airport is Ireland's largest airport, and 32.9 million passengers passed through it in 2019, making it Europe's 12th-busiest airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Further south, areas like Dún Laoghaire, Dalkey and Killiney have long been some of Dublin's most affluent areas, and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown consistently has the highest average house prices in Ireland. This has resulted in a perceived socio-economic divide in Dublin, between the generally less affluent "Northside" and the wealthier "Southside". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Most of Ireland's international flights transit through Dublin Airport, and the vast majority of passenger ferry arrivals dock at Dublin Port. In 2019, the port also facilitated 158 cruise ship arrivals. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The tourism industry in the county is worth approximately €2.3 billion per year. As of 2019, 4 of the top 10 fee-paying tourist attractions in Ireland are located within County Dublin, as well as 5 of the top 10 free attractions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin The Guinness Storehouse at St. James's Gate is Ireland's most visited tourist attraction, receiving 1.7 million visitors in 2019, and over 20 million total visits since 2000. Additionally, Dublin also contains Ireland's 3rd (Dublin Zoo), --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Despite having the smallest farmed area of any county, Dublin is one of Ireland's major agricultural producers. Dublin is the largest producer of fruit and vegetables in Ireland, the third largest producer of oilseed rape and has the fifth largest fishing industry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin It is composed of the President of Ireland, Seanad Éireann as the upper house, and Dáil Éireann as the lower house. Both houses of the Oireachtas meet in Leinster House, a former ducal palace on Kildare Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) County Dublin Elsewhere in Dublin, the fighting mainly consisted of sniping and long-range gun battles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising The shelling and resulting fires left parts of central Dublin in ruins. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising Shortly before midday, the rebels began to seize important sites in central Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising As a large crowd gathered, he read out a 'manifesto to the citizens of Dublin,' calling on them to support the Rising. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising The railway line at Blanchardstown was bombed to prevent a troop train reaching Dublin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising Ashe's men camped at Kilsalaghan near Dublin until they received orders to surrender on Saturday. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising The other incident was the 'North King Street Massacre'. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising The report, published on 26 June, was critical of the Dublin administration, saying that "Ireland for several years had been administered on the principle that it was safer and more expedient to leave the law in abeyance if collision with any faction of the Irish people could thereby be avoided. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising Heavy fighting occurred at the rebel-held positions around the Grand Canal as these troops advanced towards Dublin. More than 1,000 Sherwood Foresters were repeatedly caught in a cross-fire trying to cross the canal at Mount Street Bridge. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Easter Rising Bewley's is an Irish hot beverage company, located in Dublin and founded in 1840, which operates internationally. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bewley's The Bewley family were Quakers who originated in Cumberland and moved to Ireland in the 17th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bewley's By 1999, the company operated more than twenty cafes in Ireland and six overseas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bewley's The Bewley family subsequently expanded into the coffee trade and in the late 19th century, they opened cafes in South Great George's Street in 1894, and Westmoreland Street in 1896. The flagship Grafton Street café was opened by Ernest Bewley in 1927. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bewley's Ultimately, in November 2017, Bewley's Grafton Street was reopened after the "1000 day" multimillion-euro refurbishment. In May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, management informed staff that the Grafton Street café would close permanently "in the coming weeks", leading to the loss of 110 jobs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bewley's The modern-day areas of Ireland where Irish is still spoken daily as a first language are collectively known as the Gaeltacht. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Gaeilge also has a wider meaning, which includes the Gaelic of Scotland and the Isle of Man, as well as of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Others prefer to follow the practice of the language itself and to use the mother-term Gaelic even when speaking only of the language as used in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Exemptions are made from this requirement for students born outside of the Republic of Ireland, those who were born in the Republic but completed primary education outside it, and students diagnosed with dyslexia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language There are rural areas of Ireland where Irish is still spoken daily to some extent as a first language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Up until that time most emigrants spoke Irish as their first language, though English was establishing itself as the primary language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language The Irish census of 1851 showed that there were still a number of older speakers in County Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language In County Dublin itself the general rule was to place the stress on the initial vowel of words. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language In 1655 several local dignitaries were ordered to oversee a lecture in Irish to be given in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin There is contemporary evidence of the use of Irish in other urban areas at the time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language The 19th century saw a reduction in the number of Dublin's Irish speakers, in keeping with the trend elsewhere. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Its rules are followed by most schools in Ireland, though schools in and near Irish-speaking regions also use the local dialect. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Early Modern Irish, dating from the 13th century, was the basis of the literary language of both Ireland and Gaelic-speaking Scotland. Modern Irish, as attested in the work of such writers as Geoffrey Keating, may be said to date from the 17th century, and was the medium of popular literature from that time on. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language There were still an appreciable number of Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. In other urban centres the descendants of medieval Anglo-Norman settlers, the so-called Old English, were Irish-speaking or bilingual by the 16th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish language Since the Acts of Union in January 1801, Ireland had been part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Furthermore, a disproportionate share of the potatoes grown in Ireland were of a single variety, the Irish Lumper. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Eventually, cows took over much of Ireland, leaving the native population virtually dependent on the potato for survival. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Widespread failures throughout Ireland occurred in 1836, 1837, 1839, 1841, and 1844. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) He said that repeal of the Act of Union was a necessity and Ireland's only hope. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) When Ireland had experienced food shortages in 1782–83, ports were closed to keep Irish-grown food in Ireland to feed the hungry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) He further suggested that in Ireland no one ever asked alms or favours of any kind from England or any other nation, but that it was England herself that begged for Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) In total, 118 vessels sailed from the US to Ireland with relief goods valued at $545,145. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) This would heavily influence the city's identity and culture in the coming years, earning it the nickname of "Ireland's second capital". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Detailed statistics of the population of Ireland since 1841 are available at Irish population analysis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Of the nutritional deficiency diseases, the most commonly experienced were starvation and marasmus, as well as a condition at the time called dropsy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) The concluding attack on a population incapacitated by famine was delivered by Asiatic cholera, which had visited Ireland briefly in the 1830s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) John Mitchel, one of the leaders of the Young Ireland Movement, wrote in 1860: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) The National Famine Commemoration Day is observed annually in Ireland, usually on a Sunday in May. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Highland Potato Famine (an agrarian crisis which existed in Scotland at the same time) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) When Ireland had experienced food shortages in 1782–83, ports were closed to keep Irish-grown food in Ireland to feed the hungry. Irish food prices promptly dropped. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Among the memorials in Ireland are the National Famine Museum and Strokestown Park House in County Roscommon; the Irish Famine Exhibition in Dublin; the Jeanie Johnston: An Irish Famine Story, Dublin; EPIC The Irish Emigration Museum, Dublin; and the Doagh Famine Village in County Donegal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Famine (Ireland) Dublin is also an amateur percussionist, and invented a percussion instrument called "The Dube". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin The goal against Oldham was the only competitive goal that Dublin scored for United at Old Trafford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin During this season, Blackburn manager Roy Hodgson tabled a bid which Dublin rejected. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin During the 2005–06 season, Dublin lost his place as the team's main striker, but continued to appear as a defender. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin By the time he had recovered, however, United had signed Eric Cantona and the Frenchman was firmly established as first choice strike partner to Mark Hughes. United won the league that season for the first time since 1967, but Dublin failed to make the 10 Premier League appearances required to automatically gain a title winner's medal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin This turned out to be Dublin's last cap for his country. He won four caps for England but did not score any goals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dion Dublin The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern side of the island. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland is a member of the European Union and is a founding member of the Council of Europe and the OECD. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Constitution of Ireland, adopted in 1937, provides that "the name of the State is Éire, or, in the English language, Ireland". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland " The 1948 Act does not name the state as "Republic of Ireland", because to have done so would have put it in conflict with the Constitution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Although the constitution established the office of President of Ireland, the question over whether Ireland was a republic remained open. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland remained neutral during World War II, a period it described as The Emergency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland At the time, joining the UN involved a commitment to using force to deter aggression by one state against another if the UN thought it was necessary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Atlantic Ocean and the warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Oireachtas is the bicameral national parliament composed of the President of Ireland and the two Houses of the Oireachtas: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland has a common law legal system with a written constitution that provides for a parliamentary democracy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland In 2017, Ireland signed the United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The country officially exited recession in 2010, assisted by a growth in exports from US multinationals in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Having implemented budget cuts, reforms and sold assets, Ireland was again able to access debt markets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Since then, Ireland has been able to sell long term bonds at record rates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Central Bank of Ireland introduced a new statistic, "modified GNI" (or GNI*), to remove these distortions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Tourism in Ireland contributes about 4% of GDP and is a significant source of employment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland That could provide for Ireland's entire energy needs for up to 13 years, when it is developed in 2015/16. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland In 2015, 4.5 million people took the route, at that time, the world's second-busiest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Dublin's public transport network includes the DART, Luas, Dublin Bus, and dublinbikes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The population of Ireland stood at 4,588,252 in 2011, an increase of 8.2% since 2006. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland has three levels of education: primary, secondary and higher education. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Religious freedom is constitutionally provided for in Ireland, and the country's constitution has been secular since 1973. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Church of Ireland, at 2.7% of the population, is the second largest Christian denomination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland's patron saints are Saint Patrick, Saint Bridget and Saint Columba. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland has made a significant contribution to world literature in both the English and Irish languages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland As the Romans never conquered Ireland, architecture of Greco-Roman origin is extremely rare. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Georgian townhouses produced streets of singular distinction, particularly in Dublin, Limerick and Cork. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Other developments include the regeneration of Ballymun and an urban extension of Dublin at Adamstown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland regulates the practice of architecture in the state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Subscription-based television providers operating in Ireland include Virgin Media and Sky. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Gaelic football and hurling are the traditional sports of Ireland as well as most popular spectator sports. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Although the League of Ireland is the national league, the English Premier League is the most popular among the public. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Golf is another popular sport in Ireland, with over 300 courses countrywide. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Baseball and basketball are also emerging sports in Ireland, both of which have an international team representing the island of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Contraception was controlled in Ireland until 1979, however, the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularised society. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Recycling in Ireland is carried out extensively, and Ireland has the second highest rate of packaging recycling in the European Union. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland In 2015 Ireland became the second country in the world to introduce plain cigarette packaging. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland These symbols are used by state institutions as well as private bodies in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Today, they are the personal arms of the President of Ireland whilst he or she is in office and are flown as the presidential standard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland (Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] (listen)), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern side of the island. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Around 40% of the country's population of 5 million people resides in the Greater Dublin Area. The sovereign state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland which is part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland One of Europe's major financial hubs is centred around Dublin. Ireland ranks among the top ten wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita, although this has been partially ascribed to distortions caused by the tax inversion practices of some multinationals, operating in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955, after having been denied membership because of its neutral stance during the Second World War and not supporting the Allied cause. At the time, joining the UN involved a commitment to using force to deter aggression by one state against another if the UN thought it was necessary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland GNI* is 30% below GDP (or, GDP is 143% of GNI). As such, Ireland's GDP and GNP should no longer be used. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Dublin's public transport network includes the DART, Luas, Dublin Bus, and dublinbikes. Motorways, national primary roads and national secondary roads are managed by Transport Infrastructure Ireland, while regional roads and local roads are managed by the local authorities in each of their respective areas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Ireland also has three opera organisations. Opera Ireland produces large-scale operas in Dublin, the Opera Theatre Company tours its chamber-style operas throughout the country, and the annual Wexford Opera Festival, which promotes lesser-known operas, takes place during October and November. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Popular everyday beverages among the Irish include tea and coffee. Alcoholic drinks associated with Ireland include Poitín and the world-famous Guinness, which is a dry stout that originated in the brewery of Arthur Guinness at St. James's Gate in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Some of Ireland's highest performers in athletics have competed at the Olympic Games, such as Eamonn Coghlan and Sonia O'Sullivan. The annual Dublin Marathon and Dublin Women's Mini Marathon are two of the most popular athletics events in the country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland The annual Dublin Marathon and Dublin Women's Mini Marathon are two of the most popular athletics events in the country. Rugby league is represented by the Ireland national rugby league team and administered by Rugby League Ireland (who are full member of the Rugby League European Federation) on an all-Ireland basis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Republic of Ireland Located in the northeast of the island of Ireland, Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The majority of Northern Ireland's population were unionists, who wanted to remain within the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland In the following decades, Northern Ireland had an unbroken series of Unionist Party governments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland competes separately at the Commonwealth Games, and people from Northern Ireland may compete for either Great Britain or Ireland at the Olympic Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The region that is now Northern Ireland was long inhabited by native Gaels who were Irish-speaking and Catholic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was formed in 1801 and governed from London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Both would have a shared Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, who would appoint both governments and a Council of Ireland, which the British government intended to evolve into an all-Ireland parliament. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The Act received royal assent that December, becoming the Government of Ireland Act 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Shortly afterwards, the Boundary Commission was established to decide on the border between the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland However, its elected members often protested by abstaining from the Northern Ireland parliament, and many nationalists did not vote in parliamentary elections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland In 1973, Northern Ireland held a referendum to determine if it should remain in the United Kingdom, or be part of a united Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland At the same time, the British Government recognised for the first time, as part of the prospective, the so-called "Irish dimension": the principle that the people of the island of Ireland as a whole have the right, without any outside interference, to solve the issues between North and South by mutual consent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland It established a devolved power-sharing government within Northern Ireland, which must consist of both unionist and nationalist parties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Many Catholics however, generally aspire to a United Ireland or are less certain about how to solve the constitutional question. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Protestants have a slight majority in Northern Ireland, according to the latest Northern Ireland Census. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The Northern Ireland Office is led by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, who sits in the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland is a common law jurisdiction and its common law is similar to that in England and Wales. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland However, there are important differences in law and procedure between Northern Ireland and England and Wales. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Owing in part to the way in which the United Kingdom, and Northern Ireland, came into being, there is no legally defined term to describe what Northern Ireland 'is'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland There is also no uniform or guiding way to refer to Northern Ireland amongst the agencies of the UK government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Many people inside and outside Northern Ireland use other names for Northern Ireland, depending on their point of view. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The most notable example is whether Northern Ireland's second largest city should be called "Derry" or "Londonderry". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Ulster, strictly speaking, refers to the province of Ulster, of which six of nine historical counties are in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland This proposal was formally considered by the Government of Northern Ireland in 1937 and by the UK Government in 1949 but no change was made. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland North of Ireland – used to avoid using the name given by the British-enacted Government of Ireland Act 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The Six Counties (na Sé Chontae) – the Republic of Ireland is similarly described as the Twenty-Six Counties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The largest island of Northern Ireland is Rathlin, off the north Antrim coast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland In the 2011 census in Northern Ireland respondents gave their national identity as follows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The position in UK nationality law is that most of those born in Northern Ireland are UK nationals, whether or not they so choose. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The dialect of English spoken in Northern Ireland shows influence from the lowland Scots language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Use of the Irish language in Northern Ireland today is politically sensitive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The most common sign language in Northern Ireland is Northern Ireland Sign Language (NISL). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Parades are a prominent feature of Northern Ireland society, more so than in the rest of Ireland or in Britain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland This red saltire on a white field was used to represent Ireland in the flag of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Since 1995, the Ireland rugby union team has used a specially commissioned song, "Ireland's Call" as the team's anthem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The Irish national anthem is also played at Dublin home matches, being the anthem of the host country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland In Northern Ireland, sport is popular and important in the lives of many people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Sports tend to be organised on an all-Ireland basis, with a single team for the whole island. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The highest level of competition within Northern Ireland are the NIFL Premiership and the NIFL Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland However, many players from Northern Ireland compete with clubs in England and Scotland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Perhaps Northern Ireland's most notable successes in professional sport have come in golf. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The highest-ranked Northern Ireland professional on the world circuit presently is Mark Allen from Antrim. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland 356 species of marine algae have been recorded in the north-east of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The BBC has a division called BBC Northern Ireland with headquarters in Belfast and operates BBC One Northern Ireland and BBC Two Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland In response, unionists vowed to prevent Irish Home Rule, from Conservative and Unionist Party leaders such as Bonar Law and Dublin-based barrister Sir Edward Carson to militant working class unionists in Ireland. This sparked the Home Rule Crisis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Meanwhile, the Fourth Home Rule Bill passed through the British parliament in 1920. It would divide Ireland into two self-governing UK territories: the six northeastern counties (Northern Ireland) being ruled from Belfast, and the other twenty-six counties (Southern Ireland) being ruled from Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland The most common sign language in Northern Ireland is Northern Ireland Sign Language (NISL). However, because in the past Catholic families tended to send their deaf children to schools in Dublin where Irish Sign Language (ISL) is commonly used, ISL is still common among many older deaf people from Catholic families. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland Mulqueen lives in Dublin. She is engaged to Irish actor Jack Reynor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madeline Mulqueen The street was developed from a then-existing country lane by the Dawson family, after whom the parallel Dawson Street is named, in 1708. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street In 1712, Dublin Corporation funded a project for the building of a crown causeway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street The North end of the street, between Nassau Street and College Green, is not pedestrianised. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street The northern end of the street was the former location of the Molly Malone statue, a well-known tourist attraction and meeting-place, which was moved from Grafton Street to nearby Suffolk Street in 2014, to make way for an extension to the Luas tram system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street This new name was first proposed by a columnist in The Irishman newspaper in 1862.Ernest Bewley opened Bewley's Oriental Café on Grafton Street in 1927, on the site of Whyte's Academy. It became a popular place for locals and travellers to meet and socialise. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street Buskers, including musicians, poets and mime artists, commonly perform to the shopping crowds on Grafton Street. This was portrayed in the opening scene of the 2006 film Once, starring Glen Hansard of The Frames, a former Grafton Street busker. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street The property is bounded on the west by Fay Street and on the east by Wall Street, and includes two buildings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grafton Street School These tales and themes have continued to be developed over time in the living folklore of the country, but the main themes and characters have remained largely consistent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish mythology They also argue that the material culture depicted in the stories is generally closer to that of the time of their composition than to that of the distant past. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish mythology If the Mythological Cycle represents a Golden Age, the Ulster Cycle is Ireland's Heroic Age. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish mythology Dublin Airport (Irish: Aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath) (IATA: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The inaugural flight from Dublin took place on 19 January 1940 to Liverpool. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport In 1947, KLM started the first European flights to Dublin with a service to Amsterdam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport In 1971, Aer Lingus took delivery of two new Boeing 747 aircraft; the first one arrived in March and, shortly afterwards, performed a flyover above O'Connell Street in Dublin on Saint Patrick's Day; a third Boeing 747 was delivered later that decade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The growth which was anticipated at Dublin's airport (and provided for through heavy investment by the airport and Aer Lingus) during the 1970s did not materialise immediately. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The domestic routes, with the exception of Dublin-Shannon, were taken over by Aer Arann. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport is one of only two airports in Europe, and three outside the Americas, with United States border preclearance services for US-bound passengers (the other airports are Ireland's Shannon Airport and one in the United Arab Emirates). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport All assets and liabilities previously owned by Aer Rianta were transferred to Dublin Airport Authority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport In 2016 it was confirmed that Garda Armed Support Units (ASU) would be deployed overtly to patrol Dublin Airport and Dublin Port full-time on foot inside terminal buildings and via vehicles outside and surrounding the perimeter to counter the rising threat of terrorist attacks in Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport A runway of this length would allow direct flights from Dublin to the Far East. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport More than 700 buses a day service Dublin Airport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport In Dublin city, Dublin Bus is the main provider of transport to and from the airport operating Airlink Express routes 747 and 757 to the city centre terminus of Busáras and the railway stations of Dublin Connolly and Dublin Heuston, as well as to Merrion Square and Camden Street, respectively. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport Dublin Coach links Dundrum and Red Cow Luas to Dublin Airport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The Government of Ireland, owner of Dublin Airport, and the Dublin Airport Authority, its operator, have long sought to connect Dublin with East Asia by direct air service. Their plans were realized in 2018 when Cathay Pacific launched 4 weekly direct flights between Dublin and Hong Kong. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The State Airports Act 2004 also established new airport authorities at Shannon and Cork Airports. The Shannon Airport Authority and the Cork Airport Authority had separate boards of directors and were authorised under the Act to prepare business plans, which may have in time lead to their full separation from the Dublin Airport Authority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport The Shannon Airport Authority and the Cork Airport Authority had separate boards of directors and were authorised under the Act to prepare business plans, which may have in time lead to their full separation from the Dublin Airport Authority. Following a decision by the Irish Government, Shannon Airport became a separate publicly owned airport on 31 December 2012. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport also welcomes more than one million passengers per annum from Northern Ireland and is a key international gateway for overseas visitors to Northern Ireland. , whose largest airport is less than a quarter the size of Dublin in terms of passenger numbers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Airport It is sometimes locally referred to as the A5(D), for 'diversion', to distinguish it from the 'old A5' which is now V4 Watling Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Milton Keynes grid road system The route continues on as Fen Street in Broughton (the former A5130 road). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Milton Keynes grid road system The H9 Groveway is partly dual-carriageway, running from the major roundabout junction with the A5 and V6 Grafton Street and terminating between Brinklow and Wavendon Gate, at a roundabout junction with Newport Road, the A421 and the H8 Standing Way. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Milton Keynes grid road system It remains like this for two grid stretches before the A4146 turns off onto the V11 Tongwell Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Milton Keynes grid road system Three important routes run roughly east-west through CMK: Avebury Boulevard, Midsummer Boulevard and Silbury Boulevard, running east from V6 Grafton Street and traversing V7 Saxon Street, to stop just short of the V8 Marlborough Street cutting. Unlike the grid network, the roads in CMK are strictly rectilinear. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Milton Keynes grid road system Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland As of 2016, 4.8 million lived in the Republic of Ireland, and 1.8 million in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The geography of Ireland comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland There are twenty-six extant land mammal species native to Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland With the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland During the last glacial period, and until about 10,000 BC, most of Ireland was periodically covered in ice. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Since 2021, the earliest evidence of human activity in Ireland is dated to 33,000 years ago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Later, Laighin tribes from Armorica (present-day Brittany) were said to have invaded Ireland and Britain more or less simultaneously. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Lastly, the Milesians (Gaels) were said to have reached Ireland from either northern Iberia or southern Gaul. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The earliest written records of Ireland come from classical Greco-Roman geographers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The Romans referred to Ireland by this name too in its Latinised form, Hibernia, or Scotia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Ptolemy records sixteen nations inhabiting every part of Ireland in 100 AD. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The relationship between the Roman Empire and the kingdoms of ancient Ireland is unclear. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Dublin, Limerick, Cork, Wexford, Waterford, as well as other smaller settlements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland In 1171, Henry arrived in Ireland in order to review the general progress of the expedition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland This church levy, called Peter's Pence, is extant in Ireland as a voluntary donation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland When Henry's successor died unexpectedly in 1199, John inherited the crown of England and retained the Lordship of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The religious struggles of the 17th century left a deep sectarian division in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The population soared in the latter part of this century and the architectural legacy of Georgian Ireland was built. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The British government, however, still retained the right to nominate the government of Ireland without the consent of the Irish parliament. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The Great Famine of 1845–1851 devastated Ireland, as in those years Ireland's population fell by one-third. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland By the end of the decade, half of all immigration to the United States was from Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The Act was passed but with the "temporary" exclusion of the six counties of Ulster that would become Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland A minority, approximately 13,000, retained the Irish Volunteers' name and opposed Ireland's involvement in the war. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Northern Ireland elects 18 of the UK House of Commons' 650 MPs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The Northern Ireland Secretary is a cabinet-level post in the British government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Ireland and Great Britain, together with many nearby smaller islands, are known collectively as the British Isles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Overall, Ireland has a mild but changeable oceanic climate with few extremes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Ireland is sometimes affected by heatwaves, most recently in 1995, 2003, 2006, 2013 and 2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland There are 55 mammal species in Ireland, and of them only 26 land mammal species are considered native to Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland 32% of Ireland's greenhouse gas emissions are correlated to agriculture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland About 4% of the Republic's population and about 14% of the Northern Ireland population describe themselves as of no religion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland In a system that developed between the 13th and 17th centuries, Ireland has 32 traditional counties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The six counties that constitute Northern Ireland are all in the province of Ulster (which has nine counties in total). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland As such, Ulster is often used as a synonym for Northern Ireland, although the two are not coterminous. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland In the Republic of Ireland, counties form the basis of the system of local government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Belfast, with 579,726 residents, is the largest city in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland With growing prosperity since the last decade of the 20th century, Ireland became a destination for immigrants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland A quarter of births (24 percent) in 2009 were to mothers born outside Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The two official languages of the Republic of Ireland are Irish and English. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland It was spoken by a few peasants and merchants brought over from England, and was largely replaced by Irish before the Tudor conquest of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Shelta, the language of the nomadic Irish Travellers is native to Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Ireland has made a large contribution to world literature in all its branches, both in Irish and English. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The All-Ireland Football Final is the most watched event in the sporting calendar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Soccer is the most widely played team game on the island and the most popular in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Today the southern association is known as the Football Association of Ireland (FAI). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The island is noted for the breeding and training of race horses and is also a large exporter of racing dogs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Ireland has won more medals in boxing than in any other Olympic sport. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland An example of this new cuisine is "Dublin Lawyer": lobster cooked in whiskey and cream. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Stout, a kind of porter beer, particularly Guinness, is typically associated with Ireland, although historically it was more closely associated with London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Cider, particularly Magners (marketed in the Republic of Ireland as Bulmers), is also a popular drink. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland 16th and 17th centuries: confiscation and redistribution of land in the Plantations of Ireland --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Achill Island lies off the coast of County Mayo and is Ireland's largest island. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland For much of their existence, electricity networks in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were entirely separate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland About 400 species of birds have been recorded in Ireland. Many of these are migratory, including the barn swallow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Counties Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Tipperary have been broken up into smaller administrative areas. However, they are still treated as counties for cultural and some official purposes, for example, postal addresses and by the Ordnance Survey Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland In the 19th century, public concerts provided access to classical music to all classes of society. Yet, for political and financial reasons Ireland has been too small to provide a living to many musicians, so the names of the better-known Irish composers of this time belong to emigrants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland The headquarters of the GAA (and the main stadium) is located at the 82,500 capacity Croke Park in north Dublin. Many major GAA games are played there, including the semi-finals and finals of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Historically important monastic sites include Glendalough and Clonmacnoise, which are maintained as national monuments in the Republic of Ireland. The Dublin region receives the most tourists and is home to several of the most popular attractions such as the Guinness Storehouse and Book of Kells. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland As with electricity, the natural gas distribution network is also now all-island, with a pipeline linking Gormanston, County Meath, and Ballyclare, County Antrim. Most of Ireland's gas comes through interconnectors between Twynholm in Scotland and Ballylumford, County Antrim and Loughshinny, County Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland Most of Ireland's gas comes through interconnectors between Twynholm in Scotland and Ballylumford, County Antrim and Loughshinny, County Dublin. Supplies come from the Corrib Gas Field, off the coast of County Mayo, with a decreasing supply coming from the Kinsale gas field off the County Cork coast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ireland There is no evidence that the song is based on a real woman in the 17th century or any other time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Molly Malone Her low-cut dress and large breasts were justified on the grounds that as "women breastfed publicly in Molly's time, breasts were popped out all over the place. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Molly Malone The constituency was named Dublin Bay South for "reasons of symmetry", with the Dublin Bay North constituency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) Dublin Bay South has been called "one of the most liberal constituencies in the country" as well as "one of the wealthiest". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) The Constituency Commission proposed in its 2012 report that at the next general election a new constituency called Dublin Bay South be created. The report proposed changes to the constituencies of Ireland so as to reduce the total number of TDs from 166 to 158.It was established by the Electoral (Amendment) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) "Dublin" refers to Dublin, Ohio, USA where the schema originated during the 1995 invitational OCLC/NCSA Metadata Workshop, hosted by the OCLC (known at that time as Online Computer Library Center), a library consortium based in Dublin, and the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core In 1999, the first Dublin Core encoding standard was in HTML. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core The Dublin Core standard originally included two levels: Simple and Qualified. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core Date – "A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core The DCMI Metadata Terms lists the current set of the Dublin Core vocabulary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core Syntax choices for metadata expressed with the Dublin Core elements depend on context. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Core The Northern Ireland national football team represents Northern Ireland in international association football. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team In 1884, Ireland competed in the inaugural British Home Championship and lost all three games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team In 1953 FIFA ruled neither team could be referred to as Ireland, decreeing that the FAI team be officially designated as the Republic of Ireland, while the IFA team was to become Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team Until the 1950s, the major competition for Northern Ireland/Ireland was the British Home Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team A small element of Northern Ireland's support was, in the past, regarded as sectarian. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team The following players have been called up to the Northern Ireland squad during the last 12 months. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team The following is a chart of the yearly averages of Northern Ireland's FIFA ranking. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team Sky Sports currently have the rights to show all of Northern Ireland's competitive international fixtures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team In 1922, Southern Ireland gained independence as the Irish Free State, later to become a republic under the name of Ireland. Amid these political upheavals, a rival football association, the Football Association of Ireland, emerged in Dublin in 1921 and organised a separate league and international team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northern Ireland national football team By the time of the Great Exhibition of 1851, Britain was described as the "workshop of the world". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Local councils are made up of elected councillors, of whom there are 1,223; they are paid a part-time salary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom The Northern Ireland Executive and Assembly have powers similar to those devolved to Scotland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom Both English law, which applies in England and Wales, and Northern Ireland law are based on common-law principles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom Railways in Northern Ireland are operated by NI Railways, a subsidiary of state-owned Translink. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom Between 1815 and 1930, around 11.4 million people emigrated from Britain and 7.3 million from Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom The English playwright and poet William Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest dramatist of all time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom Sport governing bodies in England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland organise and regulate the game separately. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom Dublin Murders is a crime drama television series created by Sarah Phelps. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Murders It is from this date onward that historians get references to ship fortresses or longphorts being established in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kingdom of Dublin Under their rule, Dublin became the biggest slave port in Western Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kingdom of Dublin In 988, Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill led the initial Gaelic conquest of Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kingdom of Dublin In 1675 he was created Duke of Grafton, and Charles II made him a Knight of the Garter in 1680. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton At King James II's coronation, Grafton was Lord High Constable. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton For most of Ireland's recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people (see Gaelic Ireland). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people From the 9th century, small numbers of Vikings settled in Ireland, becoming the Norse-Gaels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people Historically, emigration from Ireland has been the result of conflict, famine and economic issues. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people During the past 33,000 years of inhabitation, Ireland has witnessed some different peoples arrive on its shores. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people On this voyage, he circumnavigated and visited a considerable part of modern-day Great Britain and Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people The character is almost certainly a mere personification of a supposed migration by a group or groups from Iberia to Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people The Plantation of Ulster began around that time, with native Irish displaced from the land, perhaps to form a nomadic population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people In the Icelandic Laxdœla saga, for example, "even slaves are highborn, descended from the kings of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people The remaining six counties in the northeast remained in the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people In Northern Ireland, where almost 50% of the population is Protestant, there has also been a decline in attendances. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people History and geography have placed Ireland in a very special location between America and Europe... --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people As a clan-based society, genealogy was all important. Ireland 'was justly styled a "Nation of Annalists"'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Irish people There is another plaque dedicated to him in Tralee, on the footpath in Denny Street at the corner of Castle Street where he performed during the Rose of Tralee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thom McGinty The Catholic started to organise in Ireland, threatening instability or even civil war, and the moderates in Parliament emancipated them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Wellington's success was based on the 44 peers elected from Scotland and Ireland, whose election he controlled. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Parnell's movement campaigned for "Home Rule", by which they meant that Ireland would govern itself as a region within the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Parliament in Dublin would discriminate or retaliate against them, impose Roman Catholic doctrine, and impose tariffs on industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Cabinet decided that the 1914 Act should be brought into operation immediately and a Government established in Dublin. Negotiations were stalemated as Ulster mobilised. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Sinn Féin won the 1918 general elections in Ireland and in keeping with their policy of abstention did not send its elected MPs to Westminster, deciding to set up its own separatist parliament in Dublin; Dáil Éireann. The British government attempted to suppress this parliament and the Irish War of Independence followed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The population of the Greater Dublin Area was 1,904,806 per the 2016 census. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicised as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements which later became the modern Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library within Dublin Castle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin In 1759, the Guinness brewery was founded; and would eventually grow to become the largest brewery in the world and the largest employer in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Following the partition of Ireland in 1922, it became the capital of the Irish Free State (1922–1937) and now is the capital of Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin From 1842, the boundaries of the city were comprehended by the baronies of Dublin City and the Barony of Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin It is presided over by the Lord Mayor, who is elected for a yearly term and resides in Dublin's Mansion House. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin It is composed of the President of Ireland, Seanad Éireann as the upper house, and Dáil Éireann as the lower house. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The old Irish Houses of Parliament of the Kingdom of Ireland are located in College Green. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin These winds can affect Dublin, but due to its easterly location, it is least affected compared to other parts of the country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin One of Dublin's newest monuments is the Spire of Dublin, officially entitled the "Monument of Light. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The residence of the President of Ireland (Áras an Uachtaráin), which was built in 1751, is located in the park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin is served by a network of nearly 200 bus routes which cover the city and suburbs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Heuston and Connolly stations are the two main railway termini in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin Airport (owned and operated by DAA) is located north of Dublin city, near Swords in the administrative county of Fingal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The Irish public administration and management training centre has its base in Dublin, the Institute of Public Administration provides a range of undergraduate and post graduate awards via the National University of Ireland and in some instances, Queen's University Belfast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The County Dublin population was 1,273,069 and that of the Greater Dublin Area 1,904,806. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The area's population is expanding rapidly, and it is estimated by the Central Statistics Office that it will reach 2.1 million by 2020.After World War Two, Italians were by far the largest immigrant group in both Dublin and Ireland and became synonymous with the catering and restaurant landscape. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The Guardian noted that Dublin's independent and underground arts flourished during the economic recession of c.2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The 3Arena venue in the Dublin Docklands plays host to visiting global performers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin city centre is a popular shopping destination for both locals and tourists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin County Dublin is home to six League of Ireland association football (soccer) clubs; Bohemians F.C., Shamrock Rovers, St Patrick's Athletic, University College Dublin, Shelbourne and Cabinteely. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The Dublin area hosts greyhound racing at Shelbourne Park and horse racing at Leopardstown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin city council has an International Relations Unit, established in 2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin (, locally ; Irish: Baile Átha Cliath [ˈbˠalʲə aːhə ˈclʲiə; ˌbʲlʲaː ˈclʲiə]) is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Situated on a bay on the east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey, it lies within the province of Leinster. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Slavery in Ireland and Dublin reached its pinnacle in the 9th and 10th centuries. Prisoners from slave raids and kidnappings, which captured men, women and children, brought revenue to the Gaelic Irish Sea raiders, as well as to the Vikings who had initiated the practice. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin It is composed of the President of Ireland, Seanad Éireann as the upper house, and Dáil Éireann as the lower house. The President resides in Áras an Uachtaráin in Phoenix Park, while both houses of the Oireachtas meet in Leinster House, a former ducal palace on Kildare Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin One of Dublin's newest monuments is the Spire of Dublin, officially entitled the "Monument of Light. " It is a 121.2-metre (398 ft) conical spire made of stainless steel, located on O'Connell Street where it meets Henry Street and North Earl Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin " It is a 121.2-metre (398 ft) conical spire made of stainless steel, located on O'Connell Street where it meets Henry Street and North Earl Street. It replaces Nelson's Pillar and is intended to mark Dublin's place in the 21st century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The Dublin region is the economic centre of Ireland, and was at the forefront of the country's economic expansion during the Celtic Tiger period. In 2009, Dublin was listed as the fourth richest city in the world by purchasing power and 10th richest by personal income. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin There are several different levels of fares, which apply on most services. A "Real Time Passenger Information" system was introduced at Dublin Bus bus stops in 2012 in which signs relay display the projected time of the next buses' arrival based on its GPS position. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Dublin Airport (owned and operated by DAA) is located north of Dublin city, near Swords in the administrative county of Fingal. The headquarters of Ireland's flag carrier Aer Lingus and regional airline CityJet are located there, and those of low-cost carrier Ryanair nearby. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin The University of Dublin is the oldest university in Ireland, dating from the 16th century, and is located in the city centre. Its sole constituent college, Trinity College (TCD), was established by Royal Charter in 1592 under Elizabeth I. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Together, the four areas form the traditional County Dublin. This area is sometimes known as the Dublin Region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin Ireland's biggest libraries and literary museums are found in Dublin, including the National Print Museum of Ireland and National Library of Ireland. In July 2010, Dublin was named as a UNESCO City of Literature, joining Edinburgh, Melbourne and Iowa City with the permanent title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dublin It is one of the seven ancient universities of Britain and Ireland, as well as Ireland's oldest surviving university. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin The library itself receives more than half a million visitors per year, making it the most important one in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin The Engineering School was established in 1842 and was one of the first of its kind in Ireland and Britain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin In April 1900, Queen Victoria visited College Green in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin Women were admitted to Trinity College as full members for the first time in 1904. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin From 1975, the Colleges of Technology that now form the Dublin Institute of Technology had their degrees conferred by the University of Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin The Library of Trinity College is the largest research library in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin This includes the first Ordnance Surveys of Ireland, conducted in the early 19th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin The terms "University of Dublin" and "Trinity College" are generally considered synonymous for all practical purposes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin However, as time passed it became customary that the appointments were only made after taking soundings of college opinion, which meant mostly the views of the Board. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin There were seven Senior Fellows, defined as those seven fellows that had served longest, Fellowship at that time being for life, unless resigned. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin At that time there were, as well as the Senior Fellows, two elected representatives of those Professors that were not Fellows and elected representatives of the Junior Fellows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin Election to become a scholar of Trinity Dublin is widely regarded as "the most prestigious undergraduate award in the country". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin The dentistry program offered by the Dublin Dental University Hospital is ranked 51–75 in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin Trinity News, is Ireland's oldest student newspaper, having been founded in 1953. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin There is a long-standing rivalry with nearby University College Dublin, which is largely friendly in nature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin Originally, Trinity was established outside the city walls of Dublin in the buildings of the outlawed Catholic Augustinian Priory of All Hallows. Trinity College was set up in part to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland, and as a result was the university of the Protestant Ascendancy for much of its history. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin "The ban" despite its longevity, is associated in the popular mind with Archbishop of Dublin John Charles McQuaid as he was made responsible for enforcing the ban from 1956 until it was rescinded by the Catholic Bishops of Ireland in 1970, shortly before McQuaid's retirement. Prior to 1956, it was the responsibility of the local Bishop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trinity College Dublin Roughly 9 out of every 10 people in County Dublin lives within Dublin city and its suburbs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin County Dublin is named after the city of Dublin, which is an anglicisation of its Old Norse name Dyflin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The city was founded in the 9th century AD by Viking settlers, who established the Kingdom of Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin This tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, to the rear of Dublin Castle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The city centre is generally very low-lying, and many areas of coastal Dublin are at or near sea-level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Where the mountains extend into County Dublin, they are known locally as the Dublin Mountains (Sléibhte Bhaile Átha Cliath). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The oldest rocks in Dublin are the Cambrian shales located on Howth Head, which were laid down ca. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin This is now exposed at the surface from the Dublin Mountains to the coastal areas of Dún Laoghaire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin is in a maritime temperate oceanic region according to Köppen climate classification. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin In contrast with the Atlantic Coast, the east coast of Ireland has relatively few islands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin County Dublin has the highest concentration of islands on the Irish east coast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Further out lies Rockabill, which is Dublin's most isolated island, at about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) offshore. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin There are 1,090 townlands in Dublin, of which 88 are historic town boundaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The largest rural townland in Dublin is 2,797 acres (Caastlekelly). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The latest Ordnance Survey Ireland "Discovery Series" (Third Edition 2005) 1:50,000 map of the Dublin Region, Sheet 50, shows the boundaries of the city and three surrounding counties of the region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Despite the legal status of the Dublin Region, the term "County Dublin" is still in common usage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Many organisations and sporting teams continue to organise on a "County Dublin" or "Dublin Region" basis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin As of 2016, Dublin has over twice the population of Antrim and two and a half times the population of Cork. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin As of 2016, approximately 25.8% (305,996) of Dubliners were living outside of County Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin There are 880,457 Dublin natives living within the county, accounting for 66.8% of the population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Of those born in the UK, 76.3 percent were born in Britain, and the remaining 23.7 percent were born in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Between 2011 and 2016, the number of UK-born residents living in Dublin declined by 1.8 percent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Following its accession to the EU, the Polish quickly became the fastest growing immigrant community in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The removal of the restrictions was followed by a significant increase in the number of Romanians living in Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The number of Brazilians living in Dublin increased by 48.5 percent between 2011 and 2016, primarily driven by Ireland's participation in the Brazilian government's Ciência sem Fronteiras programme, which sees thousands of Brazilian students come to study in Ireland each year, many of whom remain in the country afterwards. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin In August 2020, the first dedicated Hindu temple in Ireland was built in Walkinstown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin According to the Central Statistics Office, in 2016 the population of County Dublin self-identified as: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Nearly half (44.7 percent) of Ireland's black residents live within the county. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin While small in percentage terms, County Dublin contains over half of Ireland's Hindu (58.4 percent), Jewish (56.3 percent) and Eastern Orthodox (52.1%) residents, and just under half of its Islamic (47.3 percent) and Buddhist (44.0 percent) residents. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin As of 2019, there were over 550,000 cars registered in County Dublin, accounting for 25.3% of all cars registered in the State. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin In nominal terms, Dublin's economy is larger than roughly 140 sovereign states. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin residents were the highest per capita tax contributors in the State, returning a total of €15.1 billion in taxes in 2017.Many of Ireland's most prominent political, educational, cultural and media centres are concentrated south of the River Liffey in Dublin city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin This has resulted in a perceived socio-economic divide in Dublin, between the generally less affluent "Northside" and the wealthier "Southside". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin At the time of its establishment, the SEZ had the lowest corporate tax rate in the EU. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The economy of Dublin benefits from substantial amounts of both indigenous and foreign investment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin has four power plants, all of which are concentrated in the docklands area of Dublin city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin Port was originally located along the Liffey, but gradually moved towards the coast over the centuries as vessel size increased. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin It handles 50% of the Republic of Ireland's trade, and receives 60% of all vessel arrivals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Currently, there are no official plans to move the port elsewhere, and the Dublin Port Company strongly opposes relocation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The majority of Dublin's forests are owned by the national forestry company, Coillte. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin In Ireland, spending on education is controlled by the government and the allocation of funds is decided each year in the annual budget. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The majority of private secondary schools in Dublin are still single sex, and continue to have religious patronages with either congregations of the Catholic Church (Spiritans, Sisters of Loreto, Jesuits) or Protestant denominations (Church of Ireland, Presbyterian). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Several of Dublin's largest third level institutions and their associated abbreviations are listed below: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Representatives from seven constituencies were present, one of which was the Dublin City constituency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin While proceedings of the Irish Parliament were well-documented, many of the records from this time were lost during the shelling of the Four Courts in July 1922.Following the Act of Union 1801, Dublin was represented in Westminister through three constituencies from 1801 to 1885 - Dublin City, Dublin County and the University of Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin In 2018, over 75.5% of voters in County Dublin voted to repeal the amendment, compared with 66.4% nationally. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin This was a first for the long-time dominant party of Irish politics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin is the dominant force of Leinster football, with 59 Leinster Senior Championship wins. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Bohemians are Ireland's second oldest club currently playing football, after Belfast's --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin County Dublin (Irish: Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath or Contae Átha Cliath) is one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, located on the island's east coast, within the province of Leinster. The county was formerly administered by Dublin City Council and Dublin County Council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Fingal is also perhaps the flattest region in Ireland, with the low-lying Naul Hills rising to a maximum height of just 176 metres (577 ft).Dublin is bounded to the south by the Wicklow Mountains. Where the mountains extend into County Dublin, they are known locally as the Dublin Mountains (Sléibhte Bhaile Átha Cliath). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Further out lies Rockabill, which is Dublin's most isolated island, at about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) offshore. Lambay Island, at 250 hectares (620 acres), is the largest island off Ireland's east coast and the easternmost point of County Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin As of the 2016 Census, the population of Dublin was 1,345,402, a 5.7% increase since the 2011 Census. The county's population first surpassed 1 million in 1981, and is projected to reach between 1.5 million and 1.7 million by 2031.Dublin is Ireland's most populous county, a position it has held since the 1901 Census, when it overtook County Cork. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The county's population first surpassed 1 million in 1981, and is projected to reach between 1.5 million and 1.7 million by 2031.Dublin is Ireland's most populous county, a position it has held since the 1901 Census, when it overtook County Cork. As of 2016, Dublin has over twice the population of Antrim and two and a half times the population of Cork. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin With an area of just 922 km2 (356 sq mi), Dublin is by far the most densely populated county in Ireland. The population density of the county is 1,459 people per square kilometre - nearly 7 times higher than Ireland's second most densely populated county, County Down in Northern Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Just over one fifth (20.8 percent) of County Dublin's population was born outside of the Republic of Ireland. In 2016, Fingal had the highest percentage of non-nationals in Dublin (23.2 percent), and South Dublin had the lowest (17.5 percent). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin After the 2008 Irish economic downturn, as many as 3,000 Poles left Ireland each month. Despite this, Poles still account for roughly one quarter of Dublin's EU foreign residents, and are the largest non-national group in the county, as well as the second largest foreign-born group. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The five-year period from 2011 to 2016 saw a 67.7 percent increase in the number of Romanians living in Dublin, who are now the county's third largest foreign national group. County Dublin is home to around 58 percent of Ireland's Romanian community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The M50 is a 45.5 km (28 mile) orbital motorway around Dublin city, and is the busiest motorway in the country. It serves as the centre of both Dublin and Ireland's motorway network, and most of the national primary roads to other cities begin at the M50 and radiate outwards. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin It serves as the centre of both Dublin and Ireland's motorway network, and most of the national primary roads to other cities begin at the M50 and radiate outwards. The current route was built in various sections over the course of 27 years, from 1983 to 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Due to the county's small area and high degree of urbanisation, there is a preference for "D" registered used cars throughout Ireland, as they are considered to have undergone less wear and tear. For international travel, around 1.7 million passengers travel by ferry through Dublin Port each year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin According to Fáilte Ireland, in 2017 Dublin received nearly 6 million overseas tourists, and just under 1.5 million domestic tourists. Most of Ireland's international flights transit through Dublin Airport, and the vast majority of passenger ferry arrivals dock at Dublin Port. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin has 810 individual farms with an average size of 47.6 ha (118 acres), the largest average farm size of any county in Ireland. Roughly 9,400 people within the county are directly employed in either agriculture or the food and drink processing industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin There are 34 gaelscoileanna and 10 gaelcholáistí (Irish-language secondary schools) in the county, with a total of 12,950 students as of 2018. In terms of college acceptance rates, gaelcholáistí are consistently the best performing schools in Dublin, and among the best performing in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The county is located within the Dublin constituency for elections to the European Parliament. The constituency has four seats. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin is among the most socially liberal places in Ireland, and popular sentiment on issues such as LGBT rights, abortion and divorce has often foreran the rest of the island. Referendums held on these issues have consistently received much stronger support within Dublin, particularly the south of the county, than the majority of the country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin As a result of the economic crisis, centre-right Fianna Fáil failed to gain a single seat in Dublin in the 2011 general election. This was a first for the long-time dominant party of Irish politics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin This was a first for the long-time dominant party of Irish politics. The party regained a footing in 7 of the 11 Dublin constituencies in 2020, and were also the largest party in Dublin City, Fingal and South Dublin in the 2019 local elections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Dublin is the second most successful hurling county in Leinster after Kilkenny, albeit a distant second, with 24 Leinster hurling titles. The county has seen less success in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, ranking joint-fifth alongside Wexford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Four Dublin football teams have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship; St Vincents, Kilmacud Crokes, UCD and Ballyboden St Enda's. Despite their historic dominance in Dublin, Faughs have never won an All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin Despite their historic dominance in Dublin, Faughs have never won an All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship. Since the early 2010s, Dalkey's Cuala have been the county's main hurling force, and the club won back-to-back All-Ireland's in 2017 and 2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin However, the club currently only plays rugby union. Bohemians are Ireland's second oldest club currently playing football, after Belfast's --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) County Dublin The Irish Volunteers' stated goal was "to secure and to maintain the rights and liberties common to all the people of Ireland". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising When the Irish Volunteers smuggled rifles into Dublin, the British Army attempted to stop them and shot into a crowd of civilians. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising This seemed to be averted in August of that year by the outbreak of the First World War, and Ireland's involvement in it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Nevertheless, on 18 September 1914 the Government of Ireland Act 1914 was enacted and placed on the statute book, but the Suspensory Act was passed at the same time, which deferred Irish Home Rule for one year, with powers for it to be suspended for further periods of six months so long as the war continued. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Casement also attempted to recruit an Irish Brigade, made up of Irish prisoners of war, which would be armed and sent to Ireland to join the uprising. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Together, Plunkett and Casement presented a plan (the 'Ireland Report') in which a German expeditionary force would land on the west coast of Ireland, while a rising in Dublin diverted the British forces so that the Germans, with the help of local Volunteers, could secure the line of the River Shannon, before advancing on the capital. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising His body was sent to Ireland for burial in Glasnevin Cemetery, with the Volunteers in charge of arrangements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Westland Row and Harcourt Street railway stations were occupied, though the latter only briefly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising A contingent under Seán Connolly occupied Dublin City Hall and adjacent buildings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising City Hall was taken from the rebel unit that had attacked Dublin Castle on Tuesday morning. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Reinforcements were sent to Dublin from Britain and disembarked at Kingstown on the morning of Wednesday 26 April. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Heavy fighting occurred at the rebel-held positions around the Grand Canal as these troops advanced towards Dublin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising The South Dublin Union was a large complex of buildings and there was vicious fighting around and inside the buildings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising These instances of British troops killing Irish civilians would later be highly controversial in Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising At their Sheares Street headquarters, some of the Volunteers engaged in a standoff with British forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising In Fingal (north County Dublin), about 60 Volunteers mobilised near Swords. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Asquith had warned Maxwell that "a large number of executions would […] sow the seeds of lasting trouble in Ireland". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising He claimed that "the rebels wore no uniform" and that the people of North King Street were rebel sympathisers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising James Stephens, who was in Dublin during the week, thought, "None of these people were prepared for Insurrection. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Dublin businessman and Quaker James G. Douglas, for example, hitherto a Home Ruler, wrote that his political outlook changed radically during the course of the Rising because of the British military occupation of the city and that he became convinced that parliamentary methods would not be enough to expel the British from Ireland. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Ireland's first commemorative coin was also issued in 1966 to pay tribute to the Easter Rising. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising The information was passed to the Under-Secretary for Ireland, Sir Matthew Nathan, on 17 April, but without revealing its source and Nathan was doubtful about its accuracy. When news reached Dublin of the capture of the Aud and the arrest of Casement, Nathan conferred with the Lord Lieutenant, Lord Wimborne. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising In the south, around 1,200 Volunteers commanded by Tomás Mac Curtain mustered on the Sunday in Cork, but they dispersed on Wednesday after receiving nine contradictory orders by dispatch from the Volunteer leadership in Dublin. At their Sheares Street headquarters, some of the Volunteers engaged in a standoff with British forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising The railway line at Blanchardstown was bombed to prevent a troop train reaching Dublin. This derailed a cattle train, which had been sent ahead of the troop train. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Ashe let them go after warning them not to fight against the Irish Republic again. Ashe's men camped at Kilsalaghan near Dublin until they received orders to surrender on Saturday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising The report, published on 26 June, was critical of the Dublin administration, saying that "Ireland for several years had been administered on the principle that it was safer and more expedient to leave the law in abeyance if collision with any faction of the Irish people could thereby be avoided. " Birrell and Nathan had resigned immediately after the Rising. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising " At the same time, CIÉ, the Republic of Ireland's railway operator, renamed several of its major stations after republicans who played key roles in the Easter Rising. Ireland's first commemorative coin was also issued in 1966 to pay tribute to the Easter Rising. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising The 90th anniversary was celebrated with a military parade in Dublin on Easter Sunday, 2006, attended by the President of Ireland, the Taoiseach and the Lord Mayor of Dublin. There is now an annual ceremony at Easter attended by relatives of those who fought, by the President, the Taoiseach, ministers, senators and TDs, and by usually large and respectful crowds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Easter Rising Sometimes described as a "Dublin landmark", this outlet was closed between November 2004 and May 2005 for refurbishment and restoration. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bewley's Irish originated on the island of Ireland and was the population's first language until the late 18th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language By the 10th century, Old Irish had evolved into Middle Irish, which was spoken throughout Ireland, Isle of Man and parts of Scotland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Down to the time of the Great Famine and even afterwards, the language was in use by all classes, Irish being an urban as well as a rural language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Irish is recognised by the Constitution of Ireland as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland (English being the other official language). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language In 2007, filmmaker Manchán Magan found few speakers and some incredulity while speaking only Irish in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Gweedore (Gaoth Dobhair), County Donegal, is the largest Gaeltacht parish in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Before the partition of Ireland in 1921, Irish was recognised as a school subject and as "Celtic" in some third level institutions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language The decline of Irish in Ireland and a slowing of emigration helped to ensure a decline in the language abroad, along with natural attrition in the host countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Historically, Connacht Irish represents the westernmost remnant of a dialect area which once stretched from east to west across the centre of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language These regions contain all of Ulster's communities where Irish has been spoken in an unbroken line back to when the language was the dominant language of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Examples are the placenames Crooksling (Cnoc Slinne) in County Dublin and Crukeen (Cnoicín) in Carlow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language The Pale (An Pháil) was an area around late medieval Dublin under the control of the English government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language In 1657 the English colonists in Dublin presented a petition to the Municipal Council complaining that in Dublin itself "there is Irish commonly and usually spoken". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin It has been suggested that Ireland's towns and cities are acquiring a critical mass of Irish speakers, reflected in the expansion of Irish language media. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language This flight also affected Britain. Up until that time most emigrants spoke Irish as their first language, though English was establishing itself as the primary language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Westmeath 17%The language saw its most rapid initial decline in counties Dublin, Kildare, Laois, Wexford, and Wicklow. In recent years, County Wicklow has been noted as having the lowest percentage of Irish speakers of any county in Ireland, with only 0.14% of its population claiming to have passable knowledge of the language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language An outstanding example was Muiris Ó Gormáin (Maurice Gorman), a prolific producer of manuscripts who advertised his services (in English) in Faulkner's Dublin Journal. There were still an appreciable number of Irish speakers in County Dublin at the time of the 1851 census. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish language Executive power lay in the hands of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Chief Secretary for Ireland, who were appointed by the British government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The rents from Ireland were generally spent elsewhere; an estimated £6,000,000 was remitted out of Ireland in 1842.The ability of middlemen was measured by the rent income they could contrive to extract from tenants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) This was the system that forced Ireland's peasantry into monoculture since only the potato could be grown in sufficient quantity to meet nutritional needs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) On 11 September, the Freeman's Journal reported on "the appearance of what is called 'cholera' in potatoes in Ireland, especially in the north". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) In the modern era, this name, while loosely translated as "the hard-time", is always denoted with a capital letter to express its specific historic meaning. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The period of the potato blight in Ireland from 1845 to 1851 was full of political confrontation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) Due to poor weather conditions, the first shipment did not arrive in Ireland until the beginning of February 1846. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) In the 5 May 2020, issue of the Dublin Review of Books, Editor Maurice Earls wrote: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) He expressed the view that the resources of Ireland were still abundantly adequate to maintain the population, and that, until those resources had been utterly exhausted, he hoped that there was no one in "Ireland who will so degrade himself as to ask the aid of a subscription from England". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) " The Crime and Outrage Act was passed in December 1847 as a compromise, and additional troops were sent to Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) However, during the worst of the famine, emigration reached somewhere around 250,000 in one year alone, with western Ireland seeing the most emigrants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The emigrants would send remittances (reaching a total of £1,404,000 by 1851) back to family in Ireland, which, in turn, allowed another member of their family to leave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) By the 1830s, they were seen as overly simplistic, and Ireland's problems were seen "less as an excess of population than as a lack of capital investment". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) When you have three million people at one stage receiving soup from soup kitchens right across Ireland in their locality." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The Irish Emigration Museum, Dublin; and the Doagh Famine Village in County Donegal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The potato blight returned to Europe in 1879 but, by this time, the Land War (one of the largest agrarian movements to take place in 19th-century Europe) had begun in Ireland. The movement, organized by the Land League, continued the political campaign for the Three Fs which was issued in 1850 by the Tenant Right League during the Great Famine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The Mansion House Committee in Dublin, to which hundreds of letters were directed from all over Ireland, claimed on 19 November 1845 to have ascertained beyond the shadow of a doubt that "considerably more than one-third of the entire of the potato crop ... has been already destroyed". In 1846, three-quarters of the harvest was lost to blight. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The landed proprietors in Ireland were held in Britain to have created the conditions that led to the famine. However, it was asserted that the British parliament since the Act of Union of 1800 was partly to blame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) In the following decade, it spread uncontrollably across Asia, through Europe, and into Britain, finally reaching Ireland in 1849. Some scholars estimate that the population of Ireland was reduced by 20–25%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) The English, indeed, call the famine a "dispensation of Providence"; and ascribe it entirely to the blight on potatoes. But potatoes failed in like manner all over Europe; yet there was no famine save in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) But potatoes failed in like manner all over Europe; yet there was no famine save in Ireland. The British account of the matter, then, is first, a fraud; second, a blasphemy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Famine (Ireland) While at school in Leicestershire, Dublin played for several Leicestershire youth teams including Wigston Fields and Thurmaston Magpies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin Dublin was something of a surprise purchase for United, after Ferguson had tried to sign Alan Shearer from Southampton but lost out to Blackburn Rovers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin Dublin would remain a United player for another nine months, but never managed to claim a regular place in the first team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin In his time there, he scored two goals, against Stockport County, and Grimsby Town in five league matches to help them into the play-offs where despite Dublin's goal in the first leg of the semi final, Millwall lost to Birmingham City 2–1 on aggregate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin At Celtic, Dublin achieved double success, with Scottish League Cup and Scottish Premier League winner's medals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin Despite one or two decent performances for the Parkhead outfit, Dublin was released by Strachan in May 2006. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin On 20 September 2006, Norwich City announced that Dublin had joined them until the end of the 2006–07 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin When he was taken off in the 66th minute, Dublin received a standing ovation from both sets of supporters and players, and referee Mark Clattenburg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dion Dublin Around 40% of the country's population of 5 million people resides in the Greater Dublin Area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The sovereign state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland which is part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland In 1937, a new constitution was adopted, in which the state was named "Ireland" and effectively became a republic, with an elected non-executive president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland A developed country, Ireland performs well in several national performance metrics including healthcare, economic freedom and freedom of the press. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The 1922 state, comprising 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland, was "styled and known as the Irish Free State". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 states, "It is hereby declared that the description of the State shall be the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The Declaration was mainly a restatement of the 1916 Proclamation with the additional provision that Ireland was no longer a part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland During the intervening period, the powers of the Parliament of the Irish Free State and Executive Council of the Irish Free State did not extend to Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland It did so by making an address to the King requesting, "that the powers of the Parliament and Government of the Irish Free State shall no longer extend to Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland This rule was changed 10 days after Ireland declared itself a republic, with the London Declaration of 28 April 1949. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland As the United Kingdom intended on EC membership, Ireland applied for membership in July 1961 due to the substantial economic linkages with the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland However, the founding EC members remained skeptical regarding Ireland's economic capacity, neutrality, and unattractive protectionist policy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Southwestern areas experience the most rainfall as a result of south westerly winds, while Dublin receives the least. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Michael D. Higgins became the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011.The --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland's citizenship laws relate to "the island of Ireland", including islands and seas, thereby extending them to Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland It is small but well equipped, with almost 10,000 full-time military personnel and over 2,000 in reserve. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The military includes the Reserve Defence Forces (Army Reserve and Naval Service Reserve) for part-time reservists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland's special forces include the Army Ranger Wing, which trains and operates with international special operations units. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland This is particularly relevant in Ireland's small globalised economy, as GDP includes income from non-Irish owned companies, which flows out of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland adopted the euro currency in 2002 along with eleven other EU member states. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The "multinational tax schemes" foreign firms use in Ireland materially distort Irish economic statistics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland's successful "low-tax" economy opens it to accusations of being a "corporate tax haven", and led to it being "blacklisted"by Brazil. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Although multinational corporations dominate Ireland's export sector, exports from other sources also contribute significantly to the national income. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland ESB, Bord Gáis Energy and Airtricity are the three main electricity and gas suppliers in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Aer Lingus is the flag carrier of Ireland, although Ryanair is the country's largest airline. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland At the time of the 2016 census, the number of non-Irish nationals was recorded at 535,475. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The following is a list of functional urban areas in Ireland (as defined by the OECD) and their approximate populations as of 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland As a result of immigration, Polish is the most widely spoken language in Ireland after English, with Irish as the third most spoken. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland In 2011, it was reported that weekly Mass attendance in Dublin was just 18%, with it being even lower among younger generations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland's culture was for centuries predominantly Gaelic, and it remains one of the six principal Celtic nations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland has also produced many internationally known artists in other genres, such as rock, pop, jazz, and blues. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The Republic of Ireland national football team plays at international level and is administered by the Football Association of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The annual Dublin Marathon and Dublin Women's Mini Marathon are two of the most popular athletics events in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland reached the quarter finals of the 2000 Rugby League World Cup as well as reaching the semi finals in the 2008 Rugby League World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The Irish Elite League is a domestic competition for rugby league teams in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The profile of Australian rules football has increased in Ireland due to the International rules series that take place annually between Australia and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Despite the above measures to discourage tobacco use, smoking rates in Ireland remain at approximately 15.4% as of 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The harp symbol is used extensively by the state to mark official documents, Irish coinage and on the seal of the President of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The Enterprise service, which runs jointly with Northern Ireland Railways, connects Dublin and Belfast. The whole of Ireland's mainline network operates on track with a gauge of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), which is unique in Europe and has resulted in distinct rolling stock designs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The whole of Ireland's mainline network operates on track with a gauge of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), which is unique in Europe and has resulted in distinct rolling stock designs. Dublin's public transport network includes the DART, Luas, Dublin Bus, and dublinbikes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland's patron saints are Saint Patrick, Saint Bridget and Saint Columba. Saint Patrick is the only one commonly recognised as the patron saint. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland The history of Irish theatre begins with the expansion of the English administration in Dublin during the early 17th century, and since then, Ireland has significantly contributed to English drama. In its early history, theatrical productions in Ireland tended to serve political purposes, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland In its early history, theatrical productions in Ireland tended to serve political purposes, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged. Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Alcoholic drinks associated with Ireland include Poitín and the world-famous Guinness, which is a dry stout that originated in the brewery of Arthur Guinness at St. James's Gate in Dublin. Irish whiskey is also popular throughout the country and comes in various forms, including single malt, single grain, and blended whiskey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland They are administered by the Gaelic Athletics Association on an all-Ireland basis. Other Gaelic games organised by the association include Gaelic handball and rounders. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of gender equality. In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe, and second most charitable in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Republic of Ireland In many sports, the island of Ireland fields a single team, with the Northern Ireland national football team being an exception to this. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland During the 16th century English conquest of Ireland, Ulster was the province most resistant to English control. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Further Protestant victories in the Williamite-Jacobite War (1688–91) solidified Anglican Protestant rule in the Kingdom of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland It sought to ensure Home Rule was implemented, and it smuggled its own weapons into Ireland a few months after the Ulster Volunteers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The crisis was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, and Ireland's involvement in it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland During 1920–22, in what became Northern Ireland, partition was accompanied by violence "in defence or opposition to the new settlement". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The IRA carried out attacks on British forces in the north-east, but was less active than in the south of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland A truce between British forces and the IRA was established on 11 July 1921, ending the fighting in most of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland For its first fifty years, Northern Ireland had an unbroken series of Unionist Party governments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland In 1965, Northern Ireland's Prime Minister Terence O'Neill met the Taoiseach, Seán Lemass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland As a consequence of the worsening security situation, autonomous regional government for Northern Ireland was suspended in 1972. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland This aspect was also central to the Belfast Agreement which was signed in 1998 and ratified by referendums held simultaneously in both Northern Ireland and the Republic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Most of the population of Northern Ireland are at least nominally Christian, mostly Roman Catholic and Protestant denominations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The make-up of the Northern Ireland Assembly reflects the appeals of the various parties within the population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland On all other governmental matters, the Executive together with the 90-member Assembly may legislate for and govern Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The Northern Ireland Office represents the UK government in Northern Ireland on reserved matters and represents Northern Ireland's interests within the UK Government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Choice of language and nomenclature in Northern Ireland often reveals the cultural, ethnic and religious identity of the speaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Many media outlets in the Republic use "North of Ireland" (or simply "the North"), as well as the "Six Counties". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The term "Ulster" is widely used by unionists and the British press as shorthand for Northern Ireland, and is also favoured by Ulster nationalists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The Province refers to the historic Irish province of Ulster but today is used by some as shorthand for Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Some of the users of these terms contend that using the official name of the region would imply acceptance of the legitimacy of the Government of Ireland Act. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The Executive wishes to gain taxation powers from London, to align Northern Ireland's corporation tax rate with the that of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland As in all of the UK, the economy of Northern Ireland was negatively impacted by the lockdowns and travel restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland has underdeveloped transport infrastructure, with most infrastructure concentrated around Greater Belfast, Greater Derry and Craigavon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Major seaports at Larne and Belfast carry passengers and freight between Great Britain and Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Main railway lines linking to and from Belfast Great Victoria Street railway station and Lanyon Place railway station are: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland European route E01 runs from Larne through the island of Ireland, Spain and Portugal to Seville. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland This constitutes just under 3% of the population of the UK (62 million) and just over 28% of the population of the island of Ireland (6.3 million). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland People born in Northern Ireland are, with some exceptions, deemed by UK law to be citizens of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Ulster is one of the four professional provincial teams in Ireland and competes in the Pro14 and European Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland These nine county teams participate in the Ulster Senior Football Championship, Ulster Senior Hurling Championship, All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The sport is governed locally by the Northern Ireland Billiards and Snooker Association who run regular ranking tournaments and competitions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland As Counties Londonderry, Antrim and Down are the only three counties of Northern Ireland with a shoreline this will apply to all Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland All Northern Ireland viewers must obtain a UK TV licence to watch live television transmissions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The BBC has two regional radio stations which broadcast in Northern Ireland, BBC Radio Ulster and BBC Radio Foyle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Besides the UK and Irish national newspapers, there are three main regional newspapers published in Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland At the time of its creation, Northern Ireland's population was two-thirds Protestant and one-third Catholic. Most Protestants were unionists/loyalists who sought to maintain Northern Ireland as a part of the United Kingdom, while most Catholics were Irish nationalists/republicans who sought a united independent Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Some authors choose this word but note that it is "unsatisfactory". Northern Ireland can also be simply described as "part of the UK", including by UK government offices. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The phrase is seen as a lighthearted way to refer to Northern Ireland, based as it is on regional pronunciation. It often refers to the Northern Ireland national football team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland People born in Northern Ireland are, with some exceptions, deemed by UK law to be citizens of the United Kingdom. They are also, with similar exceptions, entitled to be citizens of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland Gaelic games include Gaelic football, hurling (and camogie), handball and rounders. Of the four, football is the most popular in Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland The ITV franchise in Northern Ireland is UTV. The state-owned Channel 4 and the privately owned Channel 5 also broadcast in Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland It was largely rebuilt in the late 1700s, following the completion of Carlisle Bridge (now O'Connell Bridge) in 1758, spanning the River Liffey, Grafton Street part of an important north-south thoroughfare, as well the widening and rebuilding which took place as part of the Wide Streets Commission from 1841. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grafton Street In late 2004, it was announced that it would be closing before Christmas, along with its Westmoreland Street café, putting 243 jobs at risk. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grafton Street Irish mythology is the mythology of the island of Ireland that has been preserved in the oral tradition, and later in the manuscripts of early Celtic Christianity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish mythology With the arrival of Christianity in Ireland, the first manuscripts preserved many of these tales in medieval Irish literature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish mythology Lebor Gabála Érenn is a pseudo-history of Ireland, tracing the ancestry of the Irish back to before Noah. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish mythology While we may suspect a few characters, such as Medb or Cú Roí, of once being deities, and Cú Chulainn in particular displays superhuman prowess, the characters are mortal and associated with a specific time and place. If the Mythological Cycle represents a Golden Age, the Ulster Cycle is Ireland's Heroic Age. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish mythology In 1983 Aer Lingus opened its 'Aer Lingus Commuter' division which took delivery of Shorts, Saab AB and Fokker turboprop aircraft to open regular daily domestic services to and from Ireland's smaller regional airports for the first time, as well as to serve existing routes to smaller regional airports in the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport It was expected that this would result in a huge increase in services between Dublin and the US and Aer Lingus has identified 16 destinations that it would like to serve directly from Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport As of August 2019, there are services to 31 intercontinental destinations from Dublin Airport (not including Anatolia). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport A total of 22 cities in North America are connected directly to Dublin Airport by seven airlines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport In July 2013, the Dublin Airport Authority was officially renamed "DAA plc" by the Irish Government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport The rename was principally to remove the "Dublin" and "Authority" elements of the name which were seen to have little relevance to the overall functions of DAA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport , whose largest airport is less than a quarter the size of Dublin in terms of passenger numbers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport For many years, it was expected that Iarnród Éireann would extend the Dublin Area Rapid Transit (DART) to serve the airport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport Dublin Airport continued to expand rapidly in the 1990s. Pier A, which had been the first extension to the old terminal building, was significantly extended. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport With the success of Ireland's 'Celtic Tiger' economy, Dublin Airport saw growth in the 1990s and 2000s. This demand was driven by an increased demand for business travel to and from the country, together with an increase in inward tourism and a surge in demand for foreign holidays and city breaks from the Irish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport A total of 22 cities in North America are connected directly to Dublin Airport by seven airlines. In 2015, Ethiopian Airlines began serving Dublin from Addis Ababa, thus inaugurating the first direct air link between Ireland and Sub-Saharan Africa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport A record 8.9 million people travelled between Dublin Airport and Britain during 2015, which was a 14% increase on the previous year. Dublin Airport also welcomes more than one million passengers per annum from Northern Ireland and is a key international gateway for overseas visitors to Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport In 2016 it was confirmed that Garda Armed Support Units (ASU) would be deployed overtly to patrol Dublin Airport and Dublin Port full-time on foot inside terminal buildings and via vehicles outside and surrounding the perimeter to counter the rising threat of terrorist attacks in Europe. The decision was made as a direct result of the 2016 Brussels bombings in Belgium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport A runway of this length would allow direct flights from Dublin to the Far East. The runway was expected to cost in the region of €300 million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Airport It starts in the western district of Grange Farm, crosses Linford Wood and ends formally at V11 Tongwell Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system V1 Snellshall Street begins at Whitney and ends at Tattenhoe in the south west of Milton Keynes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system The original alignment continues south from here as Denbigh Rd, regaining its identity at a roundabout with V7 Saxon Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system The V5 Great Monks Street runs from Wolverton Mill to Great Holm and Two Mile Ash. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system The V8 Marlborough Street (B4034) runs from Stantonbury to Mount Farm in Denbigh East. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system Part of this route has been downgraded into a densely built, slow-speed, mixed mode "City Street", despite some local opposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system The H10 Bletcham Way starts as a dual carriageway at the three-way Granby Roundabout with the V6 Grafton Street and V4 Watling Street at Denbigh. A short distance after this point it reduces to single carriageway as it passes the industrial estates of Mount Farm and Fenny Lock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system From here it reverts to being dual carriageway and takes on the designation of A4146. It remains like this for two grid stretches before the A4146 turns off onto the V11 Tongwell Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system Its northern end is just south of Stony Stratford, at a junction with H1 Ridgeway; the route north to Old Stratford (Northamptonshire) continues as Queen Eleanor Street (the Stony Stratford bypass). Its southern end is to the north of Fenny Stratford, at a roundabout where it meets V6 Grafton Street and H10 Bletcham Way. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milton Keynes grid road system Geopolitically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The names Ireland and Éire derive from Old Irish Ériu, a goddess in Irish mythology first recorded in the ninth century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Sea levels were lower and Ireland, like Great Britain, formed part of continental Europe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland By 16,000 BC, rising sea levels caused by ice melting caused Ireland to become separated from Great Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland In his later work, Geography, Ptolemy refers to Ireland as Iouernia and to Great Britain as Albion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The same chronicle records that Saint Patrick, Ireland's best known patron saint, arrived the following year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland In turn, Henry accepted the title of Lord of Ireland which Henry conferred on his younger son, John Lackland, in 1185. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland From the mid-14th century, after the Black Death, Norman settlements in Ireland went into a period of decline. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The title of King of Ireland was re-created in 1542 by Henry VIII, the then King of England, of the Tudor dynasty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland English rule was reinforced and expanded in Ireland during the latter part of the 16th century, leading to the Tudor conquest of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Its operations ended in September 1941 when police made arrests based on surveillance carried out on the key diplomatic legations in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The Northern Ireland government requested the British Army to aid the police and protect the Irish Nationalist population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, an independent state, and Northern Ireland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The Republic of Ireland is a parliamentary democracy based on the British model, with a written constitution and a popularly elected president who has mostly ceremonial powers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom with a local executive and assembly which exercise devolved powers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Ireland is located in the north-west of Europe, between latitudes 51° and 56° N, and longitudes 11° and 5° --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland To the west is the northern Atlantic Ocean and to the south is the Celtic Sea, which lies between Ireland and Brittany, in France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland As the term British Isles is controversial in relation to Ireland, the alternate term Britain and Ireland is often used as a neutral term for the islands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland In common with the rest of Europe, Ireland experienced unusually cold weather during the winter of 2010-11. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland There are no snakes in Ireland, and only one species of reptile (the common lizard) is native to the island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Phytogeographically, Ireland belongs to the Atlantic European province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The population of Ireland rose rapidly from the 16th century until the mid-19th century, interrupted briefly by the Famine of 1740–41, which killed roughly two fifths of the island's population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The largest denomination is Roman Catholicism, representing over 73% for the island (and about 87% of the Republic of Ireland). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Counties Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Tipperary have been broken up into smaller administrative areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland However, they are still treated as counties for cultural and some official purposes, for example, postal addresses and by the Ordnance Survey Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Dublin, with over 1 million residents in the Greater Dublin Area, is the largest city on the island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The sport is also the most notable exception where the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland field separate international teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The headquarters of the GAA (and the main stadium) is located at the 82,500 capacity Croke Park in north Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The game has been played in an organised fashion in Ireland since the 1870s, with Cliftonville F.C. in Belfast being Ireland's oldest club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland However, both the IFA and FAI continued to select their teams from the whole of Ireland, with some players earning international caps for matches with both teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Across Ireland, there is significant interest in the English and, to a lesser extent, Scottish soccer leagues. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Ireland also hosted games during the 1991 and the 1999 Rugby World Cups (including a quarter-final). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Harrington became the first European to win the PGA Championship in 78 years and was the first winner from Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Ireland once dominated the world's market for whiskey, producing 90% of the world's whiskey at the start of the 20th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Historically important monastic sites include Glendalough and Clonmacnoise, which are maintained as national monuments in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The situation in Northern Ireland is complicated by the issue of private companies not supplying Northern Ireland Electricity with enough power. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Ireland has an ancient industry based on peat (known locally as "turf") as a source of energy for home fires. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland However, because of the ecological importance of peatlands in storing carbon and their rarity, the EU is attempting to protect this habitat by fining Ireland for digging up peat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland These raids added to a pattern of raiding and endemic warfare that was already deep-seated in Ireland. The Vikings were involved in establishing most of the major coastal settlements in Ireland: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland This defined the Irish state as the Lordship of Ireland. When Henry's successor died unexpectedly in 1199, John inherited the crown of England and retained the Lordship of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The Protestant and Catholic communities in Northern Ireland voted largely along sectarian lines, meaning that the government of Northern Ireland (elected by "first-past-the-post" from 1929) was controlled by the Ulster Unionist Party. Over time, the minority Catholic community felt increasingly alienated with further disaffection fuelled by practices such as gerrymandering and discrimination in housing and employment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Members of the government are chosen from both the Dáil and the upper house of parliament, the Seanad. Its capital is Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Twenty-six of these counties are in the Republic of Ireland, and six are in Northern Ireland. The six counties that constitute Northern Ireland are all in the province of Ulster (which has nine counties in total). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The two official languages of the Republic of Ireland are Irish and English. Each language has produced noteworthy literature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland In 1921, following an incident in which, despite an earlier promise, the IFA moved an Irish Cup semi-final replay from Dublin to Belfast, Dublin-based clubs broke away to form the Football Association of the Irish Free State. Today the southern association is known as the Football Association of Ireland (FAI). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland However, both the IFA and FAI continued to select their teams from the whole of Ireland, with some players earning international caps for matches with both teams. Both also referred to their respective teams as Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland Horse racing and greyhound racing are both popular in Ireland. There are frequent horse race meetings and greyhound stadiums are well-attended. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ireland The song tells the fictional tale of a fishwife who plied her trade on the streets of Dublin and died young, of a fever. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Molly Malone Many such "Molly" Malones were born in Dublin over the centuries, but no evidence connects any of them to the events in the song. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Molly Malone Other than this name and the fact that she lives in Howth, near Dublin, this song bears no resemblance to Molly Malone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Molly Malone Territory from Dublin South-Central, centred on Terenure and Harold's Cross, was added to the new constituency. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2013. The constituency incorporates the entirety of the former Dublin South-East constituency. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) The constituency was named Dublin Bay South for "reasons of symmetry", with the Dublin Bay North constituency. The 2013 Act defines the constituency as: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) Full information on element definitions and term relationships can be found in the Dublin Core Metadata Registry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Core Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder are elements, but not part of the Simple Dublin Core 15 elements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Core The EPUB e-book format uses Dublin Core metadata in the OPF file. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Core Type – "The nature or genre of the resource". Each Dublin Core element is optional and may be repeated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Core Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder are elements, but not part of the Simple Dublin Core 15 elements. Use Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder only when using Qualified Dublin Core. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Core The Football Association of Ireland (FAI) organises the separate Republic of Ireland national football team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team Ireland did not win their first game until 19 February 1887, a 4–1 win over Wales in Belfast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team In 1922, Southern Ireland gained independence as the Irish Free State, later to become a republic under the name of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team Between 1928 and 1946, the IFA were not affiliated to FIFA and the two Ireland teams co-existed, never competing in the same competition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team Five days later, they drew 1–1 with Honduras, which was a disappointment, and many believed had doomed Northern Ireland's chances of advancing in the competition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team The Green and White Army is the name given to the fans that follow the Northern Ireland national football team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team From 2008–2013, BBC Northern Ireland held the rights to highlights of all of Northern Ireland's home international qualifiers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northern Ireland national football team The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The Acts of Union 1800 united the kingdom of Great Britain and the kingdom of Ireland in 1801, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Although the United Kingdom is a sovereign country, England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are also widely referred to as countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom With regard to Northern Ireland, the descriptive name used "can be controversial, with the choice often revealing one's political preferences". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The BBC historically preferred to use "Britain" as shorthand only for Great Britain, though the present style guide does not take a position except that "Great Britain" excludes Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Wales was fully incorporated into the Kingdom of England, and Ireland was constituted as a kingdom in personal union with the English crown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Social reform and home rule for Ireland were important domestic issues after 1900. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The UK does not have a codified constitution and constitutional matters are not among the powers devolved to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Indeed, in 1972, the UK Parliament unilaterally prorogued the Parliament of Northern Ireland, setting a precedent relevant to contemporary devolved institutions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Today the UK has three distinct systems of law: English law, Northern Ireland law and Scots law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom In the final quarter of 2008, the UK economy officially entered recession for the first time since 1991. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom In Northern Ireland water and sewerage services are also provided by a single public entity, Northern Ireland Water. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The Church in Wales was disestablished in 1920 and, as the Church of Ireland was disestablished in 1870 before the partition of Ireland, there is no established church in Northern Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The Great Famine in Ireland, then part of the United Kingdom, resulted in perhaps a million people migrating to Great Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom The 20th-century English crime writer Agatha Christie is the best-selling novelist of all time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland usually compete as separate countries in international competitions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Scotland, England (and Wales), and Ireland (including Northern Ireland) have competed at the Cricket World Cup, with England winning the tournament in 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Northern Ireland is also referred to as a "province". With regard to Northern Ireland, the descriptive name used "can be controversial, with the choice often revealing one's political preferences". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom Norse rulers of Dublin were often co-kings, and occasionally also Kings of Jórvík in what is now Yorkshire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin As a result, the founding of Dublin is counted by some from the year 988, although a village had existed on the site of Dublin nearly a thousand years earlier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin Coins were minted in Dublin by about 995, and on Mann by about 1025.In the mid-11th century, the Kingdom of Leinster began exerting influence over Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin Though the last king of Dublin was killed by the Norman conquerors of Dublin in 1171, the population of the city retained their distinctiveness for some generations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin Its territory corresponded to most of present-day County Dublin. The Norse referred to the kingdom as Dyflin, which is derived from Irish --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin It may be safe to assume that the Vikings first over-wintered in 840–841 AD. The actual location of the longphort of Dublin is still a hotly debated issue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kingdom of Dublin At the time of his marriage, Henry FitzRoy was created Baron Sudbury, Viscount Ipswich, and Earl of Euston. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton FitzRoy died in Ireland in 1690 of a wound received at the storming of Cork while leading William's forces, aged 27. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton Today, Ireland is made up of the Republic of Ireland (an independent state) and the smaller Northern Ireland (a part of the United Kingdom). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people The people of Northern Ireland hold various national identities including British, Irish, Northern Irish or some combination thereof. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people The ancient peoples of Ireland—such as the creators of the Céide Fields and Newgrange—are almost unknown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people Other Latin names for people from Ireland in Classic and Mediaeval sources include Attacotti and Gael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people One legend states that the Irish were descended from one Míl Espáine, whose sons supposedly conquered Ireland around 1000 BC or later. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people Irish Travellers are an ethnic people of Ireland, a DNA study found they originally descended from the general Irish population, however they are now very distinct from it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people Since the time of Charlemagne, Irish scholars had a considerable presence in the Frankish court, where they were renowned for their learning. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people The influx of Viking raiders and traders in the 9th and 10th centuries resulted in the founding of many of Ireland's most important towns, including Cork, Dublin, Limerick, and Waterford (earlier Gaelic settlements on these sites did not approach the urban nature of the subsequent Norse trading ports). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people For a comparatively small population of about 6 million people, Ireland made an enormous contribution to literature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people The British government produced little aid, only sending raw corn known as 'Peel's Brimstone' to Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people There are many statues and memorials in Dublin, New York and other cities in memory of the famine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people This brought a further question for the future of Irish identity; whether Ireland was "closer to Boston than to Berlin:" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people They were composed of over seven thousand volunteers, mainly Napoleonic War veterans from Great Britain and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people During the 18th and 19th centuries, 300,000 free emigrants and 45,000 convicts left Ireland to settle in Australia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people The Australian embassy in Dublin states that up to thirty percent of the population claim some degree of Irish ancestry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people Many died, others made their way to the United States and other destinations, some returned to Ireland, a few remained and prospered. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people Traditional histories assert that the Romans never attempted to conquer Ireland, although it may have been considered. The Irish were not, however, cut off from Europe; they frequently raided the Roman territories, and also maintained trade links. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Irish people He appeared in various plays and films, and through his work promoted political causes including gay rights in Ireland; he has been dubbed a "gay icon". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thom McGinty The Irish Independent labelled McGinty a "Dublin institution", as well as a "gay icon"–a viewpoint echoed by The Irish Times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thom McGinty A plaque in memory of McGinty was unveiled at the Baltinglass courthouse during the Baltinglass Street Festival on 27 August 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thom McGinty The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state that existed between 1801 and 1922. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland It was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland into a unified state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Northern Ireland remained part of the Union, and the state was renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The British government's fear of an independent Ireland siding against them with the French resulted in the decision to unite the two countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The era of reform came in a time of peace, guaranteed in considerable part by the overwhelming power of the Royal Navy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The trend of emigration would continue in Ireland for decades and Ireland's population has never recovered to its pre-famine levels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The great Reform Act of 1832 came at a time of intense public and elite anxiety and broke the logjam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Catholic emancipation came in 1829, which removed the most substantial restrictions on Roman Catholics in Great Britain and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The next Russo-Ottoman war in 1877 led to another European intervention, although this time at the negotiating table. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Part of the agreement which led to the 1800 Act of Union stipulated that the Penal Laws in Ireland were to be repealed and Catholic emancipation granted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Ireland was no closer to home rule by the mid-19th century, and rebellions in 1848 and 1867 failed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The wider the franchise was expanded, the better anti-Union parties were able to do in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Irish MPs would no longer vote in Westminster but would have their own separate Dublin parliament, which would control domestic issues. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Conservative government also felt that the demands in Ireland could be satisfied by helping the Catholics purchase their farms from Protestant owners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Reforms passed as a result included the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 and the Land Purchase (Ireland) Act 1903. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland London's attempted solution was the establishment of two Irish parliaments to pave the way for the Fourth Home Rule Bill, enacted as the Government of Ireland Act 1920 while also attempting to defeat Sinn Féin and the Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) which by this time was operating under the remit of Dáil Éireann. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland On 6 December 1922, Ireland formed a new dominion named the Irish Free State. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Until 1927, the monarch's royal title included the words "of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The words "United Kingdom" were restored to the monarch's title in 1953 with the reference to "Ireland" replaced with a reference to "Northern Ireland". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Catholic started to organise in Ireland, threatening instability or even civil war, and the moderates in Parliament emancipated them. The Nonconformists were similarly freed from their restrictions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Cottiers (or farm labourers) were largely wiped out during what is known in Ireland as the "Great Hunger". A significant minority elected Unionists, who championed the Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Gladstone introduced a Second Home Rule Bill in 1893, which this time was passed by the Commons, but was defeated in the Conservative-dominated House of Lords. The Conservatives came to power until 1906 and Home Rule was a dead issue, but the subsidised sale of farm land greatly reduced the Protestant presence in Ireland south of Ulster. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Suddenly war with Germany broke out and home rule was suspended for the duration. Military service was optional; there was no conscription in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The old Irish Party collapsed and a new political force, Sinn Féin which called for force to achieve its goals, united Irish nationalists. Sinn Féin won the 1918 general elections in Ireland and in keeping with their policy of abstention did not send its elected MPs to Westminster, deciding to set up its own separatist parliament in Dublin; Dáil Éireann. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland It has an urban area population of 1,173,179, while the population of the Dublin Region (traditional County Dublin) as of 2016 was 1,347,359. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin There is archaeological debate regarding precisely where and when Dublin originated, with a settlement established by the Gaels during or before the 7th century AD, and a second, Viking, settlement, following. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin is an historical and contemporary centre for Irish education, arts and culture, administration and industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from County Dublin show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin prospered as a trade centre, despite an attempt by King Robert I of Scotland to capture the city in 1317. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Large parts of Georgian Dublin were demolished or substantially redeveloped in the mid-20th century during a boom in office building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Dublin City Manager is responsible for implementing City Council decisions but also has considerable executive power. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin In some tourism and real-estate marketing contexts, inner Dublin is sometimes divided into a number of "quarters" or districts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Old Library of Trinity College, Dublin, holding the Book of Kells, is one of the city's most visited sites. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Poolbeg Towers are also landmark features of Dublin, and visible from various spots around the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The park is also home to Dublin Zoo, Ashtown Castle, and the official residence of the United States Ambassador. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin In 2009, Dublin was listed as the fourth richest city in the world by purchasing power and 10th richest by personal income. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Around 60% of people who are employed in Ireland's financial, ICT, and professional sectors are located in this area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The presence of these companies has driven economic expansion in the city and led to Dublin sometimes being referred to as the "Tech Capital of Europe". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Financial services have also become important to the city since the establishment of Dublin's International Financial Services Centre in 1987. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Irish Stock Exchange (ISEQ), Internet Neutral Exchange (INEX) and Irish Enterprise Exchange (IEX) are also located in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin has been positioned as one of the main cities vying to host Financial Services companies hoping to retain access to the Eurozone after Brexit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The same index showed a fall to 15th in 2015, and Dublin was outside the top 20 in 2017. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublinbikes is a self-service bicycle rental scheme which has been in operation in Dublin since 2009. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin In 2014, Dublin Airport was the 18th busiest airport in Europe, serving over 21 million passengers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin is home to a greater proportion of newer arrivals than any other part of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin is home to the National College of Art and Design, which dates from 1746, and Dublin Institute of Design, founded in 1991. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin also has many dramatic, musical and operatic companies, including Festival Productions, Lyric Opera Productions, the Pioneers' Musical & Dramatic Society, the Glasnevin Musical Society, Third Day Chorale, Second Age Theatre Company, Opera Theatre Company and Opera Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Taoiseach Enda Kenny was quoted to say that Dublin "would be an ideal candidate to host the World Design Capital in 2014". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Fair City is RTÉ's soap opera, located in the fictional Dublin suburb of Carraigstown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Virgin Media Television, eir Sport, MTV Ireland and Sky News are also based in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Dublin GAA team plays most of their home league hurling games at Parnell Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Leinster Lightning play their home inter-provincial matches in Dublin at College Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Women's Mini Marathon has been run since 1983 on the first Monday in June, which is also a bank holiday in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The Dublin Horse Show takes place at the RDS, which hosted the Show Jumping World Championships in 1982. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The National Aquatic Centre in Blanchardstown is Ireland's largest indoor water leisure facility. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin was traditionally a city of two languages, English and Irish, a situation found also in the area around it, The Pale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The Viking settlement of about 841, Dyflin, and a Gaelic settlement, Áth Cliath ("ford of hurdles") further up river, at the present day Father Mathew Bridge (also known as Dublin Bridge), at the bottom of Church Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin Castle, which became the centre of Anglo-Norman power in Ireland, was founded in 1204 as a major defensive work on the orders of King John of England. Following the appointment of the first Lord Mayor of Dublin in 1229, the city expanded and had a population of 8,000 by the end of the 13th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The city was at the forefront of Ireland's economic expansion during the Celtic Tiger period, with private sector and state development of housing, transport and business. Following an economic decline during the Great Recession, Dublin has rebounded and as of 2017 has close to full employment, but has a significant problem with housing supply in both the city and surrounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin In 1930, the boundaries were extended by the Local Government (Dublin) Act. Later, in 1953, the boundaries were again extended by the Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation Act. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin is situated at the mouth of the River Liffey and encompasses a land area of approximately 117.8 square kilometres (45.5 sq mi) in east-central Ireland. It is bordered by the Dublin Mountains, a low mountain range and sub range of the Wicklow Mountains, to the south and surrounded by flat farmland to the north and west. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Around 60% of people who are employed in Ireland's financial, ICT, and professional sectors are located in this area. A number of Dublin's traditional industries, such as food processing, textile manufacturing, brewing, and distilling have gradually declined, although Guinness has been brewed at the St. James's Gate Brewery since 1759. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The airport offers a short and medium-haul network, domestic services to regional airports in Ireland, and long-haul services to the United States, Canada, the Middle East and Hong Kong. Dublin Airport is the 11th busiest in the European Union, and by far the busiest airport on the island of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The National College of Art and Design (NCAD) provides education and research in art, design and media. The National College of Ireland (NCI) is also based in Dublin, as well as the Economic and Social Research Institute, a social science research institute, on Sir John Rogerson's Quay, and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The County Dublin population was 1,273,069 and that of the Greater Dublin Area 1,904,806. The area's population is expanding rapidly, and it is estimated by the Central Statistics Office that it will reach 2.1 million by 2020.After World War Two, Italians were by far the largest immigrant group in both Dublin and Ireland and became synonymous with the catering and restaurant landscape. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Other renowned writers include J. M. Synge, Seán O'Casey, Brendan Behan, Maeve Binchy, John Banville and Roddy Doyle. Ireland's biggest libraries and literary museums are found in Dublin, including the National Print Museum of Ireland and National Library of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin The same area is also home to a number of smaller museums such as Number 29 on Fitzwilliam Street and the Little Museum of Dublin on St. Stephen's Green. Dublin is home to the National College of Art and Design, which dates from 1746, and Dublin Institute of Design, founded in 1991. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Dublin was shortlisted to be World Design Capital 2014. Taoiseach Enda Kenny was quoted to say that Dublin "would be an ideal candidate to host the World Design Capital in 2014". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dublin Originally, Trinity was established outside the city walls of Dublin in the buildings of the outlawed Catholic Augustinian Priory of All Hallows. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin At the same time, the Trinity College authorities invited the appointment of a Catholic chaplain to be based in the college. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin is a legal deposit library (as per Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003) for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and has a similar standing in Irish law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The college is therefore legally entitled to a copy of every book published in Great Britain and Ireland and consequently receives over 100,000 new items every year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Also incorporating the Long Room, the Old Library receives 600,000 visitors per year, making it the third most visited tourist destination in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The Glucksman Library contains half a million printed maps, the largest collection of cartographic materials in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The Trinity Enterprise Centre is home to companies from Dublin's university research sector. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Trinity Monday was appointed as the day when all future elections to Fellowship and Scholarship would be announced (at this time Trinity Monday was always celebrated on the Monday after the feast of the Holy Trinity). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin So candidates had no new material to read, 'but they had to submit to a very searching examination on the fairly lengthy list of classical texts which they were supposed by this time to have mastered'. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Dublin University Football Club, founded in 1854, plays rugby union and is the world's oldest documented "football club". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The Dublin University Fencing Club has won a total of 43 titles in 66 years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Trinity News, on the other hand, is Ireland's oldest student newspaper, launched in 1953. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The School of Pharmacy was established in 1977 and around the same time, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was transferred to University College, Dublin in exchange for its Dental School. Student numbers increased sharply during the 1980s and 1990s, with total enrolment more than doubling, leading to pressure on resources and subsequent investment programme. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin The Library of Trinity College is the largest research library in Ireland. As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin is a legal deposit library (as per Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003) for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and has a similar standing in Irish law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin A huge building, it originally towered over the university and city after its completion. Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Also incorporating the Long Room, the Old Library receives 600,000 visitors per year, making it the third most visited tourist destination in Dublin. In the 18th century, the college received the Brian Boru harp, one of the three surviving medieval Gaelic harps, and a national symbol of Ireland, which is now housed in the library. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Originally the Board consisted of the Provost and Senior Fellows only. There were seven Senior Fellows, defined as those seven fellows that had served longest, Fellowship at that time being for life, unless resigned. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Dublin University A.F.C., founded in 1883, is the oldest surviving association football club in the Republic of Ireland. The Dublin University Hockey Club was founded in 1893, and the Dublin University Harriers and Athletic Club in 1885.The newest club in the university is the American football team, who were accepted into the Irish American Football League (IAFL) in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trinity College Dublin Dublin shares a border with three counties - Meath to the north and west, Kildare to the west and Wicklow to the south. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Forest cover extends to over 6,000 hectares (15,000 acres) within the county, nearly all of which is located in the Dublin Mountains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin It caused severe flooding, especially along the River Dodder, and is reputed to be the worst flood event in Dublin's history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The last boundary change of a barony in Dublin was in 1842, when the barony of Balrothery was divided into Balrothery East and Balrothery West. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The region is one of eight regions of the Republic of Ireland for the purposes of Eurostat statistics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin There are four local authorities whose remit collectively encompasses the geographic area of the county and city of Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin These are Dublin City Council, South Dublin County Council, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council and Fingal County Council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin As of the 2016 Census, the population of Dublin was 1,345,402, a 5.7% increase since the 2011 Census. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin People born within Dublin comprise 28% of the population of Meath, 31% of Kildare and 35% of Wicklow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin People born in other Irish counties living within Dublin account for roughly 12.4% of the population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin In 2019, there were 17,682 births within the county, and the average age of a first time mother was 31. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Prior to the 2000s, the UK was historically the largest single source of non-nationals living in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin After the 2008 Irish economic downturn, as many as 3,000 Poles left Ireland each month. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Despite being an EU member since 2007, Ireland had restrictions on the number of Romanians who could emigrate to the country until 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Outside of Europe, Brazil and India are the largest and fastest growing sources of foreign residents in Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin However, as the continuous built-up area extends beyond the city boundaries, the term "Dublin city and suburbs" is commonly employed when referring to the actual extent of Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin city and suburbs is a CSO-designated urban area which includes the densely populated contiguous built-up area which surrounds Dublin city centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The GDA consists of County Dublin and its three neighboring counties, Meath, Kildare and Wicklow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Public transport in Dublin was managed by the Dublin Transportation Office until 2009, when it was replaced by the National Transport Authority (NTA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The sixth route, known as Dublin Area Rapid Transit (DART), is electrified and serves only Dublin and northern Wicklow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The newest addition to Dublin's public transport network is a tram system called the Luas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin It was operated by the Dublin United Transport Company (DUTC) and was very advanced for its day, with near-full electrification from 1901. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Further declines in passenger numbers were driven in part by a belief at the time that trams were outdated and archaic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin Bus is the county's largest bus operator, carrying 138 million passengers in 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin A proposed sub-surface track known as MetroLink aims to improve Dublin's transport network, and is due to be completed in 2027. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin For international travel, around 1.7 million passengers travel by ferry through Dublin Port each year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin , Pobal HP revealed that there was a much higher concentration of below average, disadvantaged and very disadvantaged areas in west Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin By the 18th-century, Dublin was a bustling maritime city and large-scale engineering projects were undertaken to enhance the port's capacity, such as the Great South Wall, which was the largest sea wall in the world at the time of its construction in 1715. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Since the 2000s, there have been calls to relocate Dublin Port out of the city and free up its land for residential and commercial development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Rural County Dublin is considered a peri-urban region, where an urban environment transitions into a rural one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The county has a small forestry industry that is based almost entirely in the upland areas of south County Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin In 1954, Tayto Crisps were established in Coolock and developed into cultural phenomenon throughout much of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin There are hundreds of primary and secondary schools within County Dublin, most of which are English-language schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Newcastle, in the west of the county, and Dublin University, which was a university constituency covering Trinity College, were created in 1613. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Of the fifteen people to have held the office of Taoiseach since 1922, more than half were either born or raised within County Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Both houses of the Oireachtas meet in Leinster House, a former ducal palace on Kildare Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Referendums held on these issues have consistently received much stronger support within Dublin, particularly the south of the county, than the majority of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin is a dual county in Gaelic games, and it competes at a similar level in both hurling/camogie and Gaelic football. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Nationally, the county is second only to Kerry for All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin In hurling, the Dublin hurling team currently compete in Division 1B of the National Hurling League and in the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin is the second most successful hurling county in Leinster after Kilkenny, albeit a distant second, with 24 Leinster hurling titles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Within the county, Gaelic football and hurling clubs compete in the Dublin Senior Football Championship and the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship, which were both established in 1887. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin While Gaelic games are the most watched sport in Dublin, association football is the most widely played, and there are over 200 amateur football clubs in County Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The Dublin University Football Club, founded in 1854, are technically the world's oldest extant football club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin County Dublin is home to 13 of the senior rugby union clubs in Ireland, including 5 of the 10 sides in the top division 1A.Other popular sports in the county include: cricket, hockey, golf, tennis, athletics and equestrian activities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The Ireland women's national field hockey team made it to the 2018 World Cup final, and many of the players on that team were from Dublin clubs, such as UCD, Old Alex, Loreto, Monkstown, Muckross and Railway Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin For various statistical and local government purposes, the county's four local authorities are collectively referred to as the Dublin Region, with which County Dublin is co-extensive. Dublin is Ireland's most populous county, with over 1.345 million residents as of 2016 - approximately 27% of the Republic of Ireland's total population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The county's east coast is punctuated by several bays and inlets, including Rogerstown Estuary, Broadmeadow Estuary, Baldoyle Bay and most prominently, Dublin Bay. The northern half of Dublin (Fingal) is characterised by flat, fertile plains, and is one of Ireland's major agricultural hubs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin However, in modern Irish, the region was named after the Gaelic settlement of Baile Átha Cliath or simply Áth Cliath. As a result, Dublin is one of four counties in Ireland with a different name origin for both Irish and English - the others being Wexford, Waterford and Wicklow, whose English names are also derived from Old Norse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Consequently, Fingal is significantly larger than the other three local authorities and covers about 49.5% of County Dublin's land area. Fingal is also perhaps the flattest region in Ireland, with the low-lying Naul Hills rising to a maximum height of just 176 metres (577 ft).Dublin is bounded to the south by the Wicklow Mountains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The mountains are a popular amenity area, with Two Rock, Three Rock, Tibradden and Montpelier Hill being among the most heavily foot-falled hiking destinations in Ireland. Forest cover extends to over 6,000 hectares (15,000 acres) within the county, nearly all of which is located in the Dublin Mountains. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Due to the urban heat island effect, Dublin city has the warmest summertime nights in Ireland. The average minimum temperature at Merrion Square in July is 13.5 °C (56.3 °F), similar to London and Berlin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Lambay Island, at 250 hectares (620 acres), is the largest island off Ireland's east coast and the easternmost point of County Dublin. Lambay supports one of the largest seabird colonies in Ireland and, curiously, also supports a population of non-native Red-necked wallabies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin There are 1,090 townlands in Dublin, of which 88 are historic town boundaries. These town boundaries are registered as their own townlands and are much larger than rural townlands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin It is co-extensive with the old county. The regional capital is Dublin City which is also the national capital. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The regional capital is Dublin City which is also the national capital. The latest Ordnance Survey Ireland "Discovery Series" (Third Edition 2005) 1:50,000 map of the Dublin Region, Sheet 50, shows the boundaries of the city and three surrounding counties of the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The largest religious denomination by both number of adherents and as a percentage of Dublin's population in 2016 was the Roman Catholic Church, with 68.9 percent. All other Christian denominations including Church of Ireland, Eastern Orthodox, Presbyterian and Methodist accounted for 7.0 percent of Dublin's population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Together, all denominations of Christianity accounted for 75.9 percent of the county's population. According to the 2016 census, Dublin city is the least religious local authority in Ireland, with 18.1 percent of the population declaring themselves non-religious, followed closely by Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and Galway city (17.1 percent). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin While small in percentage terms, County Dublin contains over half of Ireland's Hindu (58.4 percent), Jewish (56.3 percent) and Eastern Orthodox (52.1%) residents, and just under half of its Islamic (47.3 percent) and Buddhist (44.0 percent) residents. Dublin and its hinterland has been a Christian diocese since 1028. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin As the city proper does not extend beyond Dublin Airport, the towns of "North County Dublin" such as Swords, Lusk, Rush and Malahide are not considered part of the city, and are recorded by the CSO as separate settlements. Under Ireland's National Planning Framework, these towns are considered part of the Dublin Metropolitan Area (DMA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Under Ireland's National Planning Framework, these towns are considered part of the Dublin Metropolitan Area (DMA). The DMA also includes towns outside of the county, such as Naas, Leixlip and Maynooth in County Kildare, and Bray and Greystones in County Wicklow, but does not include Balbriggan or Skerries, which are located in the far north of County Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin There are six commuter lines in Dublin, which are managed by Iarnród Éireann. Five of these lines serve as routes between Dublin and towns across the GDA and beyond. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Consequently, by 2017 Hugh Creegan, deputy chief of the NTA, stated that there had been a "chronic underinvestment in public transport for more than a decade". By 2019, Dublin was reportedly the 17th most congested city in the world, and had the 5th highest average commute time in the European Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The Dublin Region, which is conterminous with County Dublin, has the largest and most highly developed economy in Ireland, accounting for over two-fifths of national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Central Statistics Office estimates that the GDP of the Dublin Region in 2018 was €139.14 billion ($160 billion / £123 billion at 2018 exchange rates). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The county's GDP per capita is €103,248 ($118,694 / £91,345), one of the highest regional GDPs per capita in the EU. As of 2018, Dublin also had the highest Human Development Index in Ireland at 0.963, placing it among the most developed places in the world in terms of life expectancy, education and per capita income. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The economy is centered on financial services, the pharmaceuticals and biotechnology industries, information technology, logistics and storage, professional services, agriculture and tourism. IDA Ireland, the state agency responsible for attracting foreign direct investment, was founded in Dublin in 1949. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin It handles 50% of the Republic of Ireland's trade, and receives 60% of all vessel arrivals. Dublin Port occupies an area of 259 ha (640 acres) in one of the most expensive places in the country, with an estimated price per acre of around €10 million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Currently, there are no official plans to move the port elsewhere, and the Dublin Port Company strongly opposes relocation. Dublin hosts the headquarters of some of Ireland's largest multinational corporations, including 14 of the 20 companies which make up the ISEQ 20 index - those with the highest trading volume and market capitalisation of all Irish Stock Exchange listed companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin As of 2019, 4 of the top 10 fee-paying tourist attractions in Ireland are located within County Dublin, as well as 5 of the top 10 free attractions. The Guinness Storehouse at St. James's Gate is Ireland's most visited tourist attraction, receiving 1.7 million visitors in 2019, and over 20 million total visits since 2000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin (Book of Kells) and 6th (St Patrick's Cathedral) most visited fee-paying attractions. The top free attractions in Dublin are the National Gallery of Ireland, the National Botanic Gardens, the National Museum of Ireland and the Irish Museum of Modern Art, all of which receive over half a million visitors per year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin is the largest producer of fruit and vegetables in Ireland, the third largest producer of oilseed rape and has the fifth largest fishing industry. Fingal alone produces 55% of Ireland's fresh produce, including soft fruits and berries, apples, lettuces, peppers, asparagus, potatoes, onions, and carrots. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Fingal alone produces 55% of Ireland's fresh produce, including soft fruits and berries, apples, lettuces, peppers, asparagus, potatoes, onions, and carrots. As of 2020, the Irish Farmers' Association estimates that the total value of Dublin's agricultural produce is €205 million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Newer private schools which cater for the Leaving Cert cycle such as the Institute of Education and Ashfield College are generally non-denominational and co-educational. In 2018, Nord Anglia International School Dublin opened in Leopardstown, becoming the most expensive private school in Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin St Vincents based in Marino and Faughs based in Templeogue are by far the most successful clubs in Dublin, with 29 football and 31 hurling titles respectively. Four Dublin football teams have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship; St Vincents, Kilmacud Crokes, UCD and Ballyboden St Enda's. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Shortly after its completion, the Aviva Stadium hosted the 2011 UEFA Europa League Final. Six League of Ireland football clubs are based within County Dublin; Bohemians F.C., Shamrock Rovers, St Patrick's Athletic, University College Dublin, Shelbourne and Cabinteely. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Dublin has two ODI cricket grounds in Castle Avenue and Malahide Cricket Club Ground, and the Phoenix Cricket Club, founded in 1830, is the oldest in Ireland. As with many other sporting organisations in the county, the Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club is one of the world's oldest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin Field hockey, particularly women's field hockey, is becoming increasingly popular within the county. The Ireland women's national field hockey team made it to the 2018 World Cup final, and many of the players on that team were from Dublin clubs, such as UCD, Old Alex, Loreto, Monkstown, Muckross and Railway Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) County Dublin The Irish Home Rule movement sought to achieve self-government for Ireland, within the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising When news reached Dublin of the capture of the Aud and the arrest of Casement, Nathan conferred with the Lord Lieutenant, Lord Wimborne. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising By the time Birrell cabled his reply authorising the action, at noon on Monday 24 April 1916, the Rising had already begun. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising The 4th battalion, under Éamonn Ceannt, occupied the South Dublin Union and the distillery on Marrowbone Lane. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising The railway line was cut at Fairview and the line was damaged by bombs at Amiens Street, Broadstone, Kingsbridge and Lansdowne Road. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising British forces initially put their efforts into securing the approaches to Dublin Castle and isolating the rebel headquarters, which they believed was in Liberty Hall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising That afternoon Pearse walked out into O'Connell Street with a small escort and stood in front of Nelson's Pillar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising The rebels had failed to take either of Dublin's two main railway stations or either of its ports, at Dublin Port and Kingstown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Despite there being alternative routes across the canal nearby, General Lowe ordered repeated frontal assaults on the Mount Street position. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising The only large-scale engagement of the Rising, outside Dublin city, was at Ashbourne, County Meath. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Volunteer contingents also mobilised nearby in counties Meath and Louth but proved unable to link up with the North Dublin unit until after it had surrendered. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising British families came to Dublin Castle in May 1916 to reclaim the bodies of British soldiers, and funerals were arranged. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising When Major Sir Francis Vane learned of the killings he telephoned his superiors in Dublin Castle, but no action was taken. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising A €2 coin was also issued by Ireland in 2016, featuring the statue of Hibernia above the GPO, to commemorate the Rising's centenary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Elsewhere in Dublin, the fighting mainly consisted of sniping and long-range gun battles. The main rebel positions were gradually surrounded and bombarded with artillery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Casement also attempted to recruit an Irish Brigade, made up of Irish prisoners of war, which would be armed and sent to Ireland to join the uprising. However, only 56 men volunteered. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Casement also left for Ireland aboard the German submarine U-19. He was disappointed with the level of support offered by the Germans and he intended to stop or at least postpone the rising. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising However, several hundred Volunteers joined the Rising after it began. Shortly before midday, the rebels began to seize important sites in central Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Shortly before midday, the rebels began to seize important sites in central Dublin. The rebels' plan was to hold Dublin city centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising This was the headquarters battalion, and it also included Commander-in-Chief Patrick Pearse, as well as Tom Clarke, Seán Mac Diarmada and Joseph Plunkett. They marched to the General Post Office (GPO) on O'Connell Street, Dublin's main thoroughfare, occupied the building and hoisted two republican flags. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising They also damaged railway lines and cut telegraph wires. The railway line at Blanchardstown was bombed to prevent a troop train reaching Dublin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Many went home and were arrested following the Rising, while others, including Mellows, went "on the run". By the time British reinforcements arrived in the west, the Rising there had already disintegrated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising James Stephens, who was in Dublin during the week, thought, "None of these people were prepared for Insurrection. The thing had been sprung on them so suddenly they were unable to take sides. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Easter Rising Gaeilge also has a wider meaning, which includes the Gaelic of Scotland and the Isle of Man, as well as of Ireland. When required by the context, these are distinguished as Gaeilge na hAlban, Gaeilge Mhanann and Gaeilge na hÉireann respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language These writings have been found throughout Ireland and the west coast of Great Britain. Primitive Irish transitioned into Old Irish through the 5th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language Irish is recognised by the Constitution of Ireland as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland (English being the other official language). Despite this, almost all government business and debates are conducted in English. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language He was unable to accomplish some everyday tasks, as portrayed in his documentary No Béarla. There is, however, a growing body of Irish speakers in urban areas, particularly in Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language There are rural areas of Ireland where Irish is still spoken daily to some extent as a first language. These regions are known individually and collectively as the Gaeltacht (plural Gaeltachtaí). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language Before the partition of Ireland in 1921, Irish was recognised as a school subject and as "Celtic" in some third level institutions. Between 1921 and 1972, Northern Ireland had devolved government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language Irish was spoken as a community language in Irish towns and cities down to the 19th century. In the 16th and 17th centuries it was widespread even in Dublin and the Pale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish language Some landlords visited their property only once or twice in a lifetime, if ever. The rents from Ireland were generally spent elsewhere; an estimated £6,000,000 was remitted out of Ireland in 1842.The ability of middlemen was measured by the rent income they could contrive to extract from tenants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) These reports were extensively covered in Irish newspapers. On 11 September, the Freeman's Journal reported on "the appearance of what is called 'cholera' in potatoes in Ireland, especially in the north". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) O'Connell maintained that only an Irish parliament would provide both food and employment for the people. He said that repeal of the Act of Union was a necessity and Ireland's only hope. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) In addition, Irish populations became prevalent in some American mining communities. The famine marked the beginning of the depopulation of Ireland in the 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) By the 1830s, they were seen as overly simplistic, and Ireland's problems were seen "less as an excess of population than as a lack of capital investment". The population of Ireland was increasing no faster than that of England, which suffered no equivalent catastrophe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) The diseases that badly affected the population fell into two categories: famine-induced diseases and diseases of nutritional deficiency. Of the nutritional deficiency diseases, the most commonly experienced were starvation and marasmus, as well as a condition at the time called dropsy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) The concluding attack on a population incapacitated by famine was delivered by Asiatic cholera, which had visited Ireland briefly in the 1830s. In the following decade, it spread uncontrollably across Asia, through Europe, and into Britain, finally reaching Ireland in 1849. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Famine (Ireland) However, his new club recognised that Dublin had greater potential as a striker. His prolific goalscoring helped United to successive promotions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dion Dublin His prolific goalscoring helped United to successive promotions. During the 1988–89 season, Dublin was then loaned out for a short spell to Barnet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dion Dublin On 20 September 2006, Norwich City announced that Dublin had joined them until the end of the 2006–07 season. It marked a return, almost 20 years after leaving, for Dublin to the club where he began his career. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dion Dublin It marked a return, almost 20 years after leaving, for Dublin to the club where he began his career. He made his debut on 23 September 2006 when he came on as substitute against Plymouth Argyle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dion Dublin On 18 November, he started in the 2–0 friendly win against the Czech Republic at Wembley Stadium. This turned out to be Dublin's last cap for his country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dion Dublin It was officially declared a republic in 1949, following the Republic of Ireland Act 1948. Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. It joined the European Communities (EC), the predecessor of the European Union, in 1973. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland As well as "Ireland", "Éire" or "the Republic of Ireland", the state is also referred to as "the Republic", "Southern Ireland" or "the South". In an Irish republican context it is often referred to as "the Free State" or "the 26 Counties". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland This commenced on 24 April 1916 with the declaration of independence. After a week of heavy fighting, primarily in Dublin, the surviving rebels were forced to surrender their positions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland After a week of heavy fighting, primarily in Dublin, the surviving rebels were forced to surrender their positions. The majority were imprisoned but fifteen of the prisoners (including most of the leaders) were executed as traitors to the UK. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland This rule was changed 10 days after Ireland declared itself a republic, with the London Declaration of 28 April 1949. Ireland did not reapply when the rules were altered to permit republics to join. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland The Atlantic Ocean and the warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. Temperatures differ regionally, with central and eastern areas tending to be more extreme. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Ireland is a constitutional republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Oireachtas is the bicameral national parliament composed of the President of Ireland and the two Houses of the Oireachtas: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland The Irish Naval Service is Ireland's navy, and operates eight patrol ships, and smaller numbers of inflatable boats and training vessels, and has armed boarding parties capable of seizing a ship and a special unit of frogmen. The military includes the Reserve Defence Forces (Army Reserve and Naval Service Reserve) for part-time reservists. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Having implemented budget cuts, reforms and sold assets, Ireland was again able to access debt markets. Since then, Ireland has been able to sell long term bonds at record rates. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland The Central Bank of Ireland introduced a new statistic, "modified GNI" (or GNI*), to remove these distortions. GNI* is 30% below GDP (or, GDP is 143% of GNI). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Healthcare in Ireland is provided by both public and private healthcare providers. The Minister for Health has responsibility for setting overall health service policy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Ireland has three levels of education: primary, secondary and higher education. The education systems are largely under the direction of the Government via the Minister for Education. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland There are approximately 3,300 primary schools in Ireland. The vast majority (92%) are under the patronage of the Catholic Church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Well known Irish poets include Patrick Kavanagh, Thomas McCarthy, Dermot Bolger, and Nobel Prize in Literature laureates William Butler Yeats and Seamus Heaney (born in Northern Ireland but resided in Dublin). Prominent writers in the Irish language are Pádraic Ó Conaire, Máirtín Ó Cadhain, Séamus Ó Grianna, and Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage. However, most Irish playwrights went abroad to establish themselves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland It has occasionally been blended with styles such as rock and roll and punk rock. Ireland has also produced many internationally known artists in other genres, such as rock, pop, jazz, and blues. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland There are a number of classical music ensembles around the country, such as the RTÉ Performing Groups. Ireland also has three opera organisations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Ireland has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since 1965. Its first win was in 1970, when Dana won with All Kinds of Everything. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland As the Romans never conquered Ireland, architecture of Greco-Roman origin is extremely rare. The country instead had an extended period of Iron Age architecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Following the Restoration, palladianism and rococo, particularly country houses, swept through Ireland under the initiative of Edward Lovett Pearce, with the Houses of Parliament being the most significant. With the erection of buildings such as The Custom House, Four Courts, General Post Office and King's Inns, the neoclassical and Georgian styles flourished, especially in Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Gaelic football and hurling are the traditional sports of Ireland as well as most popular spectator sports. They are administered by the Gaelic Athletics Association on an all-Ireland basis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe, and second most charitable in the world. Contraception was controlled in Ireland until 1979, however, the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularised society. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland Contraception was controlled in Ireland until 1979, however, the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularised society. A constitutional ban on divorce was lifted following a referendum in 1995. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Republic of Ireland The majority of Northern Ireland's population were unionists, who wanted to remain within the United Kingdom. They were generally the Protestant descendants of colonists from Great Britain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The 1998 Good Friday Agreement was a major step in the peace process, including paramilitary disarmament and security normalisation, although sectarianism and segregation remain major social problems, and sporadic violence has continued. The economy of Northern Ireland was the most industrialised in Ireland at the time of partition, but declined as a result of the political and social turmoil of the Troubles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The Liberal government was dependent on Nationalist support, and the Parliament Act 1911 prevented the House of Lords from blocking the bill indefinitely. In response, unionists vowed to prevent Irish Home Rule, from Conservative and Unionist Party leaders such as Bonar Law and Dublin-based barrister Sir Edward Carson to militant working class unionists in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Irish nationalists had also formed a paramilitary organisation, the Irish Volunteers. It sought to ensure Home Rule was implemented, and it smuggled its own weapons into Ireland a few months after the Ulster Volunteers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland It sought to ensure Home Rule was implemented, and it smuggled its own weapons into Ireland a few months after the Ulster Volunteers. Ireland seemed to be on the brink of civil war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The Act received royal assent that December, becoming the Government of Ireland Act 1920. It came into force on 3 May 1921, partitioning Ireland and creating Northern Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland It came into force on 3 May 1921, partitioning Ireland and creating Northern Ireland. Elections to the Northern parliament were held on 24 May, in which Unionists won most seats. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland It aimed to destabilize Northern Ireland and bring about an end to partition, but ended in failure. In 1965, Northern Ireland's Prime Minister Terence O'Neill met the Taoiseach, Seán Lemass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The latter statement was key to winning support for the agreement from nationalists. It established a devolved power-sharing government within Northern Ireland, which must consist of both unionist and nationalist parties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Many Catholics however, generally aspire to a United Ireland or are less certain about how to solve the constitutional question. Protestants have a slight majority in Northern Ireland, according to the latest Northern Ireland Census. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland law developed from Irish law that existed before the partition of Ireland in 1921. Northern Ireland is a common law jurisdiction and its common law is similar to that in England and Wales. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Northern Ireland is a common law jurisdiction and its common law is similar to that in England and Wales. However, there are important differences in law and procedure between Northern Ireland and England and Wales. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland There is no generally accepted term to describe what Northern Ireland is: province, region, country or something else. The choice of term can be controversial and can reveal the writer's political preferences. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The choice of term can be controversial and can reveal the writer's political preferences. This has been noted as a problem by several writers on Northern Ireland, with no generally recommended solution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland This has been noted as a problem by several writers on Northern Ireland, with no generally recommended solution. Owing in part to the way in which the United Kingdom, and Northern Ireland, came into being, there is no legally defined term to describe what Northern Ireland 'is'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Owing in part to the way in which the United Kingdom, and Northern Ireland, came into being, there is no legally defined term to describe what Northern Ireland 'is'. There is also no uniform or guiding way to refer to Northern Ireland amongst the agencies of the UK government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Many media outlets in the Republic use "North of Ireland" (or simply "the North"), as well as the "Six Counties". The New York Times has also used "the North". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The term "Ulster" is widely used by unionists and the British press as shorthand for Northern Ireland, and is also favoured by Ulster nationalists. In the past, calls have been made for Northern Ireland's name to be changed to Ulster. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland In the past, calls have been made for Northern Ireland's name to be changed to Ulster. This proposal was formally considered by the Government of Northern Ireland in 1937 and by the UK Government in 1949 but no change was made. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland As in all of the UK, the economy of Northern Ireland was negatively impacted by the lockdowns and travel restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The tourism and hospitality industry was particularly hard hit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland With Iarnród Éireann (Irish Rail), Northern Ireland Railways co-operates in providing the joint Enterprise service between Dublin Connolly and Lanyon Place. The whole of Ireland has a mainline railway network with a gauge of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), which is unique in Europe and has resulted in distinct rolling stock designs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The population of Northern Ireland has risen yearly since 1978. The population in 2011 was 1.8 million, having grown 7.5% over the previous decade from just under 1.7 million in 2001. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The population of Northern Ireland is almost entirely white (98.2%). In 2011, 88.8% of the population were born in Northern Ireland, with 4.5% born elsewhere in the United Kingdom, and 2.9% born in the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland These figures were largely unchanged from the 1998 results. People born in Northern Ireland are, with some exceptions, deemed by UK law to be citizens of the United Kingdom. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland They are also, with similar exceptions, entitled to be citizens of Ireland. This entitlement was reaffirmed in the 1998 Good Friday Agreement between the British and Irish governments, which provides that: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Neither government, however, extends its citizenship to all persons born in Northern Ireland. Both governments exclude some people born in Northern Ireland, in particular persons born without one parent who is a British or Irish citizen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Ulster Scots comprises varieties of the Scots language spoken in Northern Ireland. For a native English speaker, "[Ulster Scots] is comparatively accessible, and even at its most intense can be understood fairly easily with the help of a glossary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland There is often tension when these activities take place near Catholic neighbourhoods, which sometimes leads to violence. Since the end of the Troubles, Northern Ireland has witnessed rising numbers of tourists. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland This red saltire on a white field was used to represent Ireland in the flag of the United Kingdom. It is still used by some British army regiments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Northern Irish murals have become well-known features of Northern Ireland, depicting past and present events and documenting peace and cultural diversity. Almost 2,000 murals have been documented in Northern Ireland since the 1970s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The highest level of competition within Northern Ireland are the NIFL Premiership and the NIFL Championship. However, many players from Northern Ireland compete with clubs in England and Scotland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Ulster is one of the four professional provincial teams in Ireland and competes in the Pro14 and European Cup. It won the European Cup in 1999. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Ireland men's side has played in the Cricket World Cup and T20 World Cup and has won the ICC Intercontinental Cup four times. The women's side has played in the Women's World Cup. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The wrestling promotion features championships, former WWE superstars and local independent wrestlers. Events and IPPV's throughout Northern Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland As Counties Londonderry, Antrim and Down are the only three counties of Northern Ireland with a shoreline this will apply to all Northern Ireland. 77 species are considered rare having been recorded rarely. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The state-owned Channel 4 and the privately owned Channel 5 also broadcast in Northern Ireland. Access is available to satellite and cable services. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland Besides the UK and Irish national newspapers, there are three main regional newspapers published in Northern Ireland. These are the Belfast Telegraph, the Irish News and the News Letter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland The English Grammar School was founded at No. 75 Grafton Street in 1758, by Samuel Whyte, first cousin in law of the actor and impresario Thomas Sheridan. Students included Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Robert Emmet, Thomas Moore and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grafton Street It became a popular place for locals and travellers to meet and socialise. In late 2004, it was announced that it would be closing before Christmas, along with its Westmoreland Street café, putting 243 jobs at risk. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grafton Street Throughout the 1950s Dublin Airport expanded with virtually uninterrupted traffic growth. Runway extensions and terminal enhancements were carried out to deal with the influx of traffic and passengers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport The advent of wide-body aircraft posed opportunities and challenges for aviation. In 1971, Aer Lingus took delivery of two new Boeing 747 aircraft; the first one arrived in March and, shortly afterwards, performed a flyover above O'Connell Street in Dublin on Saint Patrick's Day; a third Boeing 747 was delivered later that decade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport Aer Lingus Commuter has since been re-absorbed into the main company. The domestic routes, with the exception of Dublin-Shannon, were taken over by Aer Arann. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport Long-haul passenger numbers increased by 4% to almost 5.2 million, while Short-haul traffic increased by 5% to 27.7 million. In August 2019, Dublin Airport was chosen for the Special Achievement in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) award for its use of mapping software from ESRI Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport In August 2019, Dublin Airport was chosen for the Special Achievement in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) award for its use of mapping software from ESRI Ireland. Due to the pandemic and its impact, the airport lost 115 routes, as in January 2021, it scheduled flights to just 85 cities, down from 200 before the crisis began. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport More than 700 buses a day service Dublin Airport. In Dublin city, Dublin Bus is the main provider of transport to and from the airport operating Airlink Express routes 747 and 757 to the city centre terminus of Busáras and the railway stations of Dublin Connolly and Dublin Heuston, as well as to Merrion Square and Camden Street, respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport Bray, Blackrock, Dún Laoghaire Killiney and Sandymount. Dublin Coach links Dundrum and Red Cow Luas to Dublin Airport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Airport The road then crosses the V6 Grafton Street and runs along the southern edge of Central Milton Keynes and Campbell Park before passing Willen Lake. After this it passes the original Milton Keynes village and then curves up to meet the A509, briefly becoming the A4146.The H7 Chaffron Way is one of the longest grid roads but is a single carriageway for the entirety of its route. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Milton Keynes grid road system The route was initially considered to be a de facto V12. Part of this route has been downgraded into a densely built, slow-speed, mixed mode "City Street", despite some local opposition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Milton Keynes grid road system Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s. This subsided following a political agreement in 1998. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland By 16,000 BC, rising sea levels caused by ice melting caused Ireland to become separated from Great Britain. Later, around 6000 BC, Great Britain became separated from continental Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The theory holds that there were four separate Celtic invasions of Ireland. The Priteni were said to be the first, followed by the Belgae from northern Gaul and Britain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The Priteni were said to be the first, followed by the Belgae from northern Gaul and Britain. Later, Laighin tribes from Armorica (present-day Brittany) were said to have invaded Ireland and Britain more or less simultaneously. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland These 'new' names were likely to have been the local names for the islands at the time. The earlier names, in contrast, were likely to have been coined before direct contact with local peoples was made. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The Romans referred to Ireland by this name too in its Latinised form, Hibernia, or Scotia. Ptolemy records sixteen nations inhabiting every part of Ireland in 100 AD. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Ptolemy records sixteen nations inhabiting every part of Ireland in 100 AD. The relationship between the Roman Empire and the kingdoms of ancient Ireland is unclear. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland From the 9th century, waves of Viking raiders plundered Irish monasteries and towns. These raids added to a pattern of raiding and endemic warfare that was already deep-seated in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland In 1171, Henry arrived in Ireland in order to review the general progress of the expedition. He wanted to re-exert royal authority over the invasion which was expanding beyond his control. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland In turn, Henry accepted the title of Lord of Ireland which Henry conferred on his younger son, John Lackland, in 1185. This defined the Irish state as the Lordship of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The Act was passed but with the "temporary" exclusion of the six counties of Ulster that would become Northern Ireland. Before it could be implemented, however, the Act was suspended for the duration of the First World War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland This completed a process of gradual separation from the British Empire that governments had pursued since independence. However, it was not until 1949 that the state was declared, officially, to be the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Ireland and Great Britain, together with many nearby smaller islands, are known collectively as the British Isles. As the term British Isles is controversial in relation to Ireland, the alternate term Britain and Ireland is often used as a neutral term for the islands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Some previously extinct birds, such as the golden eagle, have been reintroduced after decades of extirpation. Ireland is now one of the least forested countries in Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Ireland's largest religious group is Christianity. The largest denomination is Roman Catholicism, representing over 73% for the island (and about 87% of the Republic of Ireland). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The island has a small Jewish community. About 4% of the Republic's population and about 14% of the Northern Ireland population describe themselves as of no religion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland In a system that developed between the 13th and 17th centuries, Ireland has 32 traditional counties. Twenty-six of these counties are in the Republic of Ireland, and six are in Northern Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The six counties that constitute Northern Ireland are all in the province of Ulster (which has nine counties in total). As such, Ulster is often used as a synonym for Northern Ireland, although the two are not coterminous. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland As such, Ulster is often used as a synonym for Northern Ireland, although the two are not coterminous. In the Republic of Ireland, counties form the basis of the system of local government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Belfast, with 579,726 residents, is the largest city in Northern Ireland. City status does not directly equate with population size. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The population of Ireland collapsed dramatically during the second half of the 19th century. A population of over 8 million in 1841 was reduced to slightly more than 4 million by 1921. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland English in Ireland was first introduced during the Norman invasion. It was spoken by a few peasants and merchants brought over from England, and was largely replaced by Irish before the Tudor conquest of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland It was spoken by a few peasants and merchants brought over from England, and was largely replaced by Irish before the Tudor conquest of Ireland. It was introduced as the official language with the Tudor and Cromwellian conquests. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Edith Somerville and Violet Florence Martin. The playwright and poet Oscar Wilde, noted for his epigrams, was born in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The All-Ireland Football Final is the most watched event in the sporting calendar. Soccer is the most widely played team game on the island and the most popular in Northern Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland There are frequent horse race meetings and greyhound stadiums are well-attended. The island is noted for the breeding and training of race horses and is also a large exporter of racing dogs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Ireland has won more medals in boxing than in any other Olympic sport. Boxing is governed by the Irish Athletic Boxing Association. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland He successfully defended his title in July 2008 before going on to win the PGA Championship in August. Harrington became the first European to win the PGA Championship in 78 years and was the first winner from Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Harrington became the first European to win the PGA Championship in 78 years and was the first winner from Ireland. Three golfers from Northern Ireland have been particularly successful. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Stout, a kind of porter beer, particularly Guinness, is typically associated with Ireland, although historically it was more closely associated with London. Porter remains very popular, although it has lost sales since the mid-20th century to lager. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Porter remains very popular, although it has lost sales since the mid-20th century to lager. Cider, particularly Magners (marketed in the Republic of Ireland as Bulmers), is also a popular drink. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland Cider, particularly Magners (marketed in the Republic of Ireland as Bulmers), is also a popular drink. Red lemonade, a soft-drink, is consumed on its own and as a mixer, particularly with whiskey. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland The island operates as a single market for electricity. For much of their existence, electricity networks in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were entirely separate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland For much of their existence, electricity networks in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were entirely separate. Both networks were designed and constructed independently post-partition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ireland In the late 20th century, a legend grew up that there was a historical Molly, who lived in the 17th century. She is typically represented as a hawker by day and part-time prostitute by night. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Molly Malone She is typically represented as a hawker by day and part-time prostitute by night. In contrast, she has also been portrayed as one of the few chaste female street hawkers of her day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Molly Malone The constituency incorporates the entirety of the former Dublin South-East constituency. Territory from Dublin South-Central, centred on Terenure and Harold's Cross, was added to the new constituency. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) Territory from Dublin South-Central, centred on Terenure and Harold's Cross, was added to the new constituency. The constituency was named Dublin Bay South for "reasons of symmetry", with the Dublin Bay North constituency. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Bay South (Dáil constituency) Starting in 2000, the Dublin Core community focused on "application profiles" – the idea that metadata records would use Dublin Core together with other specialized vocabularies to meet particular implementation requirements. During that time, the World Wide Web Consortium's work on a generic data model for metadata, the Resource Description Framework (RDF), was maturing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core During that time, the World Wide Web Consortium's work on a generic data model for metadata, the Resource Description Framework (RDF), was maturing. As part of an extended set of DCMI metadata terms, Dublin Core became one of the most popular vocabularies for use with RDF, more recently in the context of the linked data movement. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core Each Dublin Core element is optional and may be repeated. The DCMI has established standard ways to refine elements and encourage the use of encoding and vocabulary schemes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core The DCMI has established standard ways to refine elements and encourage the use of encoding and vocabulary schemes. There is no prescribed order in Dublin Core for presenting or using the elements. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core On the "archive form" web page for WebCite it says, in part: "Metadata (optional): These are Dublin Core elements. [...]". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core Use Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder only when using Qualified Dublin Core. DCMI also maintains a small, general vocabulary recommended for use within the element Type. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core The DCMI Metadata Terms lists the current set of the Dublin Core vocabulary. This set includes the fifteen terms of the DCMES (in italic), as well as the qualified terms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Core In 1920, Ireland was partitioned into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. In 1922, Southern Ireland gained independence as the Irish Free State, later to become a republic under the name of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland national football team After complaints from the FAI, FIFA intervened and restricted players' eligibility based on the political border. In 1953 FIFA ruled neither team could be referred to as Ireland, decreeing that the FAI team be officially designated as the Republic of Ireland, while the IFA team was to become Northern Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland national football team Northern Ireland also qualified for the 1982 World Cup. Their opening game was against Yugoslavia at La Romareda stadium in Zaragoza. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland national football team The game finished goalless. Five days later, they drew 1–1 with Honduras, which was a disappointment, and many believed had doomed Northern Ireland's chances of advancing in the competition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northern Ireland national football team The Irish Free State became independent, initially with Dominion status in 1922, and unambiguously independent in 1931. Northern Ireland remained part of the United Kingdom. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom Northern Ireland remained part of the United Kingdom. The 1928 Act widened suffrage by giving women electoral equality with men. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom The Northern Ireland Executive and Assembly have powers similar to those devolved to Scotland. The Executive is led by a diarchy representing unionist and nationalist members of the Assembly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom In Scotland water and sewerage services are provided by a single public company, Scottish Water. In Northern Ireland water and sewerage services are also provided by a single public entity, Northern Ireland Water. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom The United Kingdom has experienced successive waves of migration. The Great Famine in Ireland, then part of the United Kingdom, resulted in perhaps a million people migrating to Great Britain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom It is from this date onward that historians get references to ship fortresses or longphorts being established in Ireland. It may be safe to assume that the Vikings first over-wintered in 840–841 AD. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kingdom of Dublin The actual location of the longphort of Dublin is still a hotly debated issue. Norse rulers of Dublin were often co-kings, and occasionally also Kings of Jórvík in what is now Yorkshire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kingdom of Dublin FitzRoy died in Ireland in 1690 of a wound received at the storming of Cork while leading William's forces, aged 27. His body was returned to England for burial. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton Ireland has been inhabited for about 33,000 years according to archaeological studies (see Prehistoric Ireland). For most of Ireland's recorded history, the Irish have been primarily a Gaelic people (see Gaelic Ireland). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people The ancient peoples of Ireland—such as the creators of the Céide Fields and Newgrange—are almost unknown. Neither their languages nor the terms they used to describe themselves have survived. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people The character is almost certainly a mere personification of a supposed migration by a group or groups from Iberia to Ireland. It is from this that the Irish were, as late as the 1800s, popularly known as "Milesian". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people One Roman historian records that the Irish people were divided into "sixteen different nations" or tribes. Traditional histories assert that the Romans never attempted to conquer Ireland, although it may have been considered. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people For a comparatively small population of about 6 million people, Ireland made an enormous contribution to literature. Irish literature encompasses the Irish and English languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people Soup kitchens were set up but made little difference. The British government produced little aid, only sending raw corn known as 'Peel's Brimstone' to Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people Ireland was then home to 3,171,697 Catholics, about a third of whom attended the Congress. It was noted in Time Magazine that the Congress' special theme would be "the Faith of the Irish". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people Venezuelans called them the Albion Legion. They were composed of over seven thousand volunteers, mainly Napoleonic War veterans from Great Britain and Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Irish people The Government did little to help the starving poor in Ireland. Along with the 1 million deaths, another 1 million would emigrate in a few short years, mostly to Britain and to the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The trend of emigration would continue in Ireland for decades and Ireland's population has never recovered to its pre-famine levels. The Irish language was almost wiped out. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland O'Connell's campaign was hampered by the limited scope of the franchise in Ireland. The wider the franchise was expanded, the better anti-Union parties were able to do in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Military service was optional; there was no conscription in Ireland. Large numbers of both Protestant and Catholic young men volunteered to fight Germany. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Overnight there was a movement away from home rule and toward Irish independence. The Cabinet decided that the 1914 Act should be brought into operation immediately and a Government established in Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Until 1927, the monarch's royal title included the words "of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland". In 1927, the words "United Kingdom" were removed from the royal title so that the monarch was instead styled as "King/Queen of Great Britain, Ireland... --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland [and other places]". The words "United Kingdom" were restored to the monarch's title in 1953 with the reference to "Ireland" replaced with a reference to "Northern Ireland". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Situated on a bay on the east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey, it lies within the province of Leinster. It is bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b, rendering Duḃlinn or Duiḃlinn. Those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin This pool was finally fully infilled during the early 18th century, as the city grew. The Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library within Dublin Castle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Large parts of Georgian Dublin were demolished or substantially redeveloped in the mid-20th century during a boom in office building. After this boom, the recessions of the 1970s and 1980s slowed down the pace of building. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin From 1842, the boundaries of the city were comprehended by the baronies of Dublin City and the Barony of Dublin. In 1930, the boundaries were extended by the Local Government (Dublin) Act. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Strong Atlantic winds are most common in autumn. These winds can affect Dublin, but due to its easterly location, it is least affected compared to other parts of the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin These winds can affect Dublin, but due to its easterly location, it is least affected compared to other parts of the country. However, in winter, easterly winds render the city colder and more prone to snow showers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin The park is also home to Dublin Zoo, Ashtown Castle, and the official residence of the United States Ambassador. Music concerts are also sometimes held in the park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin The tunnel connects Dublin Port and the M1 motorway close to Dublin Airport. The city is also surrounded by an inner and outer orbital route. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Dublin Connolly is connected by bus to Dublin Port and ferries run by Irish Ferries and Stena Line to Holyhead for connecting trains on the North Wales Coast Line to Chester, Crewe and London Euston. Dublin Connolly to Dublin Port can be reached via Amiens Street, Dublin into Store Street or by Luas via Busáras where Dublin Bus operates services to the Ferry Terminal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin There are also smaller specialised colleges, including The Gaiety School of Acting. The Irish public administration and management training centre has its base in Dublin, the Institute of Public Administration provides a range of undergraduate and post graduate awards via the National University of Ireland and in some instances, Queen's University Belfast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin This area is sometimes known as the Dublin Region. The population of the administrative area controlled by the City Council was 554,554 in the 2016 census, while the population of the urban area was 1,173,179. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin The Guardian noted that Dublin's independent and underground arts flourished during the economic recession of c.2010. Dublin also has many dramatic, musical and operatic companies, including Festival Productions, Lyric Opera Productions, the Pioneers' Musical & Dramatic Society, the Glasnevin Musical Society, Third Day Chorale, Second Age Theatre Company, Opera Theatre Company and Opera Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Croke Park is the largest sport stadium in Ireland. The headquarters of the Gaelic Athletic Association, it has a capacity of 82,300. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin The first Irish side to reach the group stages of a European competition (2011–12 UEFA Europa League group stage) are Shamrock Rovers, who play at Tallaght Stadium in South Dublin. Bohemian F.C play at Dalymount Park, the oldest football stadium in the country, and home ground for the Ireland football team from 1904 to the 1970s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin Bohemian F.C play at Dalymount Park, the oldest football stadium in the country, and home ground for the Ireland football team from 1904 to the 1970s. St Patrick's Athletic play at Richmond Park; University College Dublin at the UCD Bowl in Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown; and Shelbourne at Tolka Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin They form part of an urban Irish-speaking cohort which is generally better-educated than monoglot English speakers. The Dublin Irish-speaking cohort is supported by a number of Irish-medium schools. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dublin At the same time, the Trinity College authorities invited the appointment of a Catholic chaplain to be based in the college. There are now two such Catholic chaplains. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin From 1975, the Colleges of Technology that now form the Dublin Institute of Technology had their degrees conferred by the University of Dublin. This arrangement was discontinued in 1998 when the DIT obtained degree-granting powers of its own. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin The Provost's House sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that the House is actually on Grafton Street, one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. The Douglas Hyde Gallery, a contemporary art gallery, is located in the college as is the Samuel Beckett Theatre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin Until 1609 there were about 51 Scholars at any one time. A figure of seventy was permanently fixed in the revising Letters Patent of Charles I in 1637. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin There are two rival student newspapers: The University Times and Trinity News. Trinity News, is Ireland's oldest student newspaper, having been founded in 1953. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin There is a long-standing rivalry with nearby University College Dublin, which is largely friendly in nature. Every year, Colours events are contested between the sporting clubs of each University. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trinity College Dublin Kippure, on the Dublin-Wicklow border, is the county's highest mountain, at 757 metres (2,484 ft) above sea level. The mountains are a popular amenity area, with Two Rock, Three Rock, Tibradden and Montpelier Hill being among the most heavily foot-falled hiking destinations in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Much of the county is drained by the River Liffey and two of its main tributaries, the River Tolka in north Dublin and the River Dodder in south Dublin. The Liffey, at 125 kilometres (78 mi) in length, is the 8th longest river in Ireland, and rises near Tonduff in County Wicklow, reaching the Irish Sea at the Dublin Docklands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The Liffey, at 125 kilometres (78 mi) in length, is the 8th longest river in Ireland, and rises near Tonduff in County Wicklow, reaching the Irish Sea at the Dublin Docklands. The Liffey cuts through the centre of Dublin city, and the resultant Northside-Southside divide is an often used social, economic and linguistic distinction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin In Merrion Square, the coldest month is February, with an average minimum temperature of 2.7 °C (36.9 °F), and the hottest month is July, with an average maximum temperature of 20.2 °C (68.4 °F). Due to the urban heat island effect, Dublin city has the warmest summertime nights in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin As a temperate coastal county, snow is relatively uncommon in lowland areas; however, Dublin is particularly vulnerable to heavy snowfall on rare occasions where cold, dry easterly winds dominate during the winter. During the late summer and early autumn, Dublin can experience Atlantic storms, which bring strong winds and torrential rain to Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Dublin was the county worst-affected by Hurricane Charley in 1986. It caused severe flooding, especially along the River Dodder, and is reputed to be the worst flood event in Dublin's history. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin It caused severe flooding, especially along the River Dodder, and is reputed to be the worst flood event in Dublin's history. Rainfall records were shattered across the county. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The largest rural townland in Dublin is 2,797 acres (Caastlekelly). The average size of a townland in the county (excluding towns) is 205 acres. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The region is one of eight regions of the Republic of Ireland for the purposes of Eurostat statistics. Its NUTS code is IE061. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The latest Ordnance Survey Ireland "Discovery Series" (Third Edition 2005) 1:50,000 map of the Dublin Region, Sheet 50, shows the boundaries of the city and three surrounding counties of the region. Extremities of the Dublin Region, in the north and south of the region, appear in other sheets of the series, 43 and 56 respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Despite the legal status of the Dublin Region, the term "County Dublin" is still in common usage. Many organisations and sporting teams continue to organise on a "County Dublin" or "Dublin Region" basis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin "Although Constituency Commissions must avoid breaching county boundaries when delineating Dáil constituencies, the three new counties in Dublin are excepted. There also still exists a sheriff appointed for County Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin There are 880,457 Dublin natives living within the county, accounting for 66.8% of the population. People born in other Irish counties living within Dublin account for roughly 12.4% of the population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Following its accession to the EU, the Polish quickly became the fastest growing immigrant community in Dublin. Just 188 Poles had applied for Irish work permits in 1999. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin By 2006 this number had grown to 93,787. After the 2008 Irish economic downturn, as many as 3,000 Poles left Ireland each month. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin This encompasses the central suburbs of the city, extending as far south as Terenure and Donnybrook; as far north as Ballymun and Donaghmede; and as far west as Ballyfermot. As of 2016, there were 554,554 people living within Dublin city centre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin As of 2016, there were 554,554 people living within Dublin city centre. However, as the continuous built-up area extends beyond the city boundaries, the term "Dublin city and suburbs" is commonly employed when referring to the actual extent of Dublin. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Dublin is the most urbanised county in Ireland, with 97.75% of its residents residing in urban areas as of 2016. Of Dublin's three non-city local authorities, Fingal has the highest proportion of people living in rural areas (7.9%), while Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown has the lowest (1.19%). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin By 2019, Dublin was reportedly the 17th most congested city in the world, and had the 5th highest average commute time in the European Union. The Luas and rail network regularly experience significant overcrowding and delays during peak hours, and in 2019 Iarnród Éireann was widely ridiculed for asking commuters to "stagger morning journeys" to alleviate the problem. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin It is today the largest and busiest port in Ireland. It handles 50% of the Republic of Ireland's trade, and receives 60% of all vessel arrivals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Numerous Irish and multinational food and drink companies are either based in Dublin or have facilities within the county, including Mondelez, Coca-Cola, Mars, Diageo, Kellogg's, Danone, Ornua, Pernod Ricard and Glanbia. In 1954, Tayto Crisps were established in Coolock and developed into cultural phenomenon throughout much of the Republic of Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin In 1954, Tayto Crisps were established in Coolock and developed into cultural phenomenon throughout much of the Republic of Ireland. Its operations and headquarters have since moved to neighbouring County Meath. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin This has resulted in a growing movement towards non-denominational and co-educational schools in the county. The majority of private secondary schools in Dublin are still single sex, and continue to have religious patronages with either congregations of the Catholic Church (Spiritans, Sisters of Loreto, Jesuits) or Protestant denominations (Church of Ireland, Presbyterian). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin In 2018, Nord Anglia International School Dublin opened in Leopardstown, becoming the most expensive private school in Ireland. As of 2020–21, four of Dublin's third level institutions are listed in the Top 500 of either the Times Higher Education Rankings or the QS World Rankings, placing them amongst the top 2% of all third level institutions in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Much like Áras an Uachtaráin, many of the grand estate homes of the former aristocracy were re-purposed for State use in the 20th century. The Deerfield Residence, also in Phoenix Park, is the official residence of the United States Ambassador to Ireland, while Glencairn House in south Dublin is used as the British Ambassador's residence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The Deerfield Residence, also in Phoenix Park, is the official residence of the United States Ambassador to Ireland, while Glencairn House in south Dublin is used as the British Ambassador's residence. Farmleigh House, one of the Guinness family residences, was acquired by the government in 1999 for use as the official Irish state guest house. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin In 1987, Dublin Senator David Norris took the Irish government to the European Court of Human Rights (see Norris v. Ireland) over the criminalisation of homosexual acts. In 1988, the Court ruled that the law criminalising same sex activities was contrary to the European Convention on Human Rights, in particular Article 8 which protects the right to respect for private life. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Dublin is a dual county in Gaelic games, and it competes at a similar level in both hurling/camogie and Gaelic football. The Dublin county board is the governing body for Gaelic games within the county. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin The Dublin University Football Club, founded in 1854, are technically the world's oldest extant football club. However, the club currently only plays rugby union. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Dublin houses the national stadium for both boxing (National Stadium) and basketball (National Basketball Arena), and the city hosted the 2003 Special Olympics. Although a small county in size, Dublin contains one third of Leinster's 168 golf courses, and three-time major winner Pádraig Harrington is from Rathfarnham. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) County Dublin Others were caught in the crossfire during firefights between the British and the rebels. The shelling and resulting fires left parts of central Dublin in ruins. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising Its leader was Eoin MacNeill, who was not an IRB member. The Irish Volunteers' stated goal was "to secure and to maintain the rights and liberties common to all the people of Ireland". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising British Army officers threatened to resign if they were ordered to take action against the UVF. When the Irish Volunteers smuggled rifles into Dublin, the British Army attempted to stop them and shot into a crowd of civilians. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising By 1914, Ireland seemed to be on the brink of a civil war. This seemed to be averted in August of that year by the outbreak of the First World War, and Ireland's involvement in it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising He persuaded the Germans to announce their support for Irish independence in November 1914. Casement also attempted to recruit an Irish Brigade, made up of Irish prisoners of war, which would be armed and sent to Ireland to join the uprising. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising His body was sent to Ireland for burial in Glasnevin Cemetery, with the Volunteers in charge of arrangements. Huge crowds lined the route and gathered at the graveside. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising It was loaded with 20,000 rifles, one million rounds of ammunition, and explosives. Casement also left for Ireland aboard the German submarine U-19. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising They took over a wireless telegraph station and sent out a radio broadcast in Morse code, announcing that an Irish Republic had been declared. This was the first radio broadcast in Ireland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising This was the first radio broadcast in Ireland. Elsewhere, some of the headquarters battalion under Michael Mallin occupied St Stephen's Green, where they dug trenches and barricaded the surrounding roads. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising She is believed to have been the first civilian killed in the Rising. Three unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police were shot dead on the first day of the Rising and their Commissioner pulled them off the streets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising After a fierce firefight, the rebels withdrew. That afternoon Pearse walked out into O'Connell Street with a small escort and stood in front of Nelson's Pillar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising The South Dublin Union was a large complex of buildings and there was vicious fighting around and inside the buildings. Cathal Brugha, a rebel officer, distinguished himself in this action and was badly wounded. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising This derailed a cattle train, which had been sent ahead of the troop train. The only large-scale engagement of the Rising, outside Dublin city, was at Ashbourne, County Meath. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising Ashe's men camped at Kilsalaghan near Dublin until they received orders to surrender on Saturday. The Fingal Battalion's tactics during the Rising foreshadowed those of the IRA during the War of Independence that followed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising In County Galway, 600–700 Volunteers mobilised on Tuesday under Liam Mellows. His plan was to "bottle up the British garrison and divert the British from concentrating on Dublin". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising The British Army suffered their biggest losses in the Battle of Mount Street Bridge on Wednesday, when at least 30 soldiers were killed. The rebels also suffered their biggest losses on that day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising Major Vane was discharged "owing to his action in the Skeffington murder case". The other incident was the 'North King Street Massacre'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising Maxwell attempted to excuse the killings and argued that the rebels were ultimately responsible. He claimed that "the rebels wore no uniform" and that the people of North King Street were rebel sympathisers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising At first, many Dubliners were bewildered by the outbreak of the Rising. James Stephens, who was in Dublin during the week, thought, "None of these people were prepared for Insurrection. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising Roibéárd Ó Faracháin, head of programming said, "While still seeking historical truth, the emphasis will be on homage, on salutation. " At the same time, CIÉ, the Republic of Ireland's railway operator, renamed several of its major stations after republicans who played key roles in the Easter Rising. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Easter Rising
20117.	Q: What kind of hat did JBL wear as he was introducing Ron Simmons? Title = Flickr - simononly - WWE Hall of Fame 2012 - Ron Simmons Description = A: Cowboy hat. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: The Great American Bash (2005), Starrcade (1992), John Layfield, Ron Simmons, SummerSlam (2004), Judgment Day (2004), JBL (disambiguation), JBL Paragon, Butch Reed, SuperBrawl II, Ron Simmons (politician), JBL, Clash of the Champions, The Great American Bash (2004), Japan Basketball League, Doom (professional wrestling), Halloween Havoc (1991), Acolytes Protection Agency, WrestleWar (1991), Armageddon (2004) Toggle details	In reality, the WWE had decided to stop using Ron Simmons as an on-air performer. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) John Layfield Doom was unmasked as Ron Simmons and Butch Reed. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Clash of the Champions This turned Bradshaw heel. In reality, the WWE had decided to stop using Ron Simmons as an on-air performer. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) John Layfield WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2012) – Faarooq (as Ron Simmons) --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Acolytes Protection Agency OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Ron Simmons --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) John Layfield In reality, the WWE had decided to stop using Ron Simmons as an on-air performer. He was initially released, but he was later re-hired to work behind the scenes in the WWE under various roles. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) John Layfield WCW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Ron Simmons --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Butch Reed The Skyscrapers were disqualified for bringing a chair into the ring. Doom was unmasked as Ron Simmons and Butch Reed. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Clash of the Champions Doom was a professional wrestling tag team composed of Ron Simmons and Butch Reed. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Doom (professional wrestling) Long would appear in Simmons' corner occasionally after Ron became WCW World Heavyweight Champion in August 1992. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Doom (professional wrestling) Ron Simmons was considered one of Florida State's greatest recruiting victories when he signed out of high school. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ron Simmons Ranked #91 of the 100 best tag teams during the PWI Years with Ron Simmons in 2003. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Butch Reed Simmons's escaping the Master Lock, was not recognized. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ron Simmons JBL pinned Booker and Eddie, who both kicked out. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Armageddon (2004) Around this time, Ron Simmons began wrestling under his real name, as the terrorist group Al-Qaeda had a training camp called Al-Faarooq. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ron Simmons The feud culminated at SuperBrawl I where Ron Simmons pinned Butch Reed in a Steel cage match (referred to as a "Thunder-Doom" cage match). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Doom (professional wrestling) Ron Simmons and Eddie Gilbert had originally lost to the Sheepherders in the semi-finals but the decision was reversed when the Sheepherders signed with the World Wrestling Federation. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Clash of the Champions After the PPV, Reed left the company allowing Ron Simmons to focus on other opponents while Teddy Long turned face and started to manage other talent in WCW. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Doom (professional wrestling) After the match Reed and Long turned on their longtime partner Ron Simmons, ending Doom as a team and allowing Ron Simmons to become a "face" in the eyes of the fans. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) WrestleWar (1991) After the match, JBL successfully attacked Batista by executing a clothesline. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Great American Bash (2005) The feud between Batista and JBL continued after the Bash. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Great American Bash (2005) Ron Simmons was originally scheduled to defend the WCW World Heavyweight Championship against Rick Rude, but Rude was injured in the weeks prior to the show and had to be replaced by "Dr. Death" Steve Williams instead. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Starrcade (1992) He began referring to himself as John "Bradshaw" Layfield, or JBL. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Layfield JBL retained the title with some help from Heidenreich. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Layfield On the January 19, 2015 episode of Raw, JBL, along with Ron Simmons (a fellow member of The Acolytes Protection Agency), the New World Order and The New Age Outlaws attacked The Ascension and then, JBL would perform a Clothesline from Hell on Viktor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) John Layfield Simmons won the match when the referee, Ron's future manager Teddy Long made a fast count (Long was fired (kayfabe) as referee by Jim Herd immediately following this match). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ron Simmons Simmons later teamed up with Butch Reed to form Doom. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ron Simmons After the match, Undertaker came out and challenged JBL to a match at SummerSlam. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) SummerSlam (2004) Immediately, JBL and Undertaker started the match outside of the ring. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) SummerSlam (2004) II.On January 1, Sting and Ron Simmons defeated Rick Rude and Cactus Jack after Jack lost when his ally Abdullah the Butcher accidentally hit him with the kendo stick. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) SuperBrawl II The feud between Ron Simmons and Cactus Jack continued after SuperBrawl as Jack joined forces with Mr. Hughes to feud with Simmons and his new ally Junkyard Dog. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) SuperBrawl II Next, Ron Simmons took on Cactus Jack. Near the end of the match, Jack climbed the top rope and dived off the turnbuckle to perform an aerial move on Simmons but Simmons countered with a powerslam for the win. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) SuperBrawl II The D175 remained in the JBL catalog through the 1970s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) JBL In 1948, Marquardt took over operation of JBL. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) JBL Ric Flair and Butch Reed both won coin tosses to determine who would represent their respective teams, while their respective partners Arn Anderson and Ron Simmons remained at ringside. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Clash of the Champions Doom was unmasked as Ron Simmons and Butch Reed. In the main event Arn Anderson pinned The Dragonmaster after a DDT. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Clash of the Champions Guerrero attempted to jump over JBL and touch the remaining turnbuckle, but was unsuccessful; he splashed himself and JBL into the turnbuckle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Great American Bash (2004) The main event was a two out of three falls match, in which Lex Luger defended the WCW World Heavyweight Championship against Ron Simmons. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Halloween Havoc (1991) The Acolytes Protection Agency (APA) was a professional wrestling tag team who consisted of Bradshaw (John Layfield) and Faarooq (Ron Simmons). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Acolytes Protection Agency Before the match began, JBL announced that if he lost the match he would leave professional wrestling forever. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Armageddon (2004) As the match began, JBL retreated as the other three fought each other. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Armageddon (2004) JBL was victorious in the match, but Long announced that he was still not the champion. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2005) Batista appeared, and as JBL fled the scene, performed a spinebuster on Jordan. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2005) After the match Batista gave JBL and Jordan a Batista Bomb. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2005) After claiming he would not be defending the title at SummerSlam, The Undertaker challenged JBL for the title. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Layfield After the match, Undertaker chokeslammed JBL through the roof of his limousine. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Layfield That episode saw Weber accidentally shoot JBL with a tranquilizer gun. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Layfield At No Mercy, JBL defeated Mysterio in a rematch. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Layfield Punk refused, not wanting to risk compromising his beliefs, before throwing the drink in JBL's face. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) John Layfield In 2012, Simmons was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ron Simmons The real Undertaker came out shortly afterwards and attacked JBL, until Orlando Jordan came out to help him. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) SummerSlam (2004) General Manager, screwed Guerrero and declared JBL the winner. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) SummerSlam (2004) Undertaker was disqualified after the referee saw him hit JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL retained the title. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) SummerSlam (2004) Guerrero attacked JBL with a low blow whilst the referee was distracted. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Judgment Day (2004) II.On January 1, Sting and Ron Simmons defeated Rick Rude and Cactus Jack after Jack lost when his ally Abdullah the Butcher accidentally hit him with the kendo stick. This ignited a feud between Jack and Butcher. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) SuperBrawl II The Midnight Express beat Bob Orton, Jr. and Butch Reed in the first round while the Samoan Swat Team beat Ranger Ross and Ron Simmons. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Clash of the Champions Earlier on the show, Vader's team got rid of Barbarian, and Vader injured Simmons. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Clash of the Champions Guerrero executed a dropkick on JBL and attempted to touch the fourth again but JBL held him back and took the advantage. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL threw Guerrero into a broadcast table and executed a powerbomb through the broadcast table. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL won the match and retained the title after Undertaker was disqualified for hitting JBL with the title belt. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Great American Bash (2004) The teams that played in JBL's last season in 2012–13 were: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Japan Basketball League The main event was a two out of three falls match, in which Lex Luger defended the WCW World Heavyweight Championship against Ron Simmons. Luger defeated Simmons to retain the title. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Halloween Havoc (1991) JBL executed a Clothesline from Hell on Booker to retain the title. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Armageddon (2004) Batista then used the chair to hit Jordan and JBL, and JBL was declared the winner, via disqualification. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Great American Bash (2005) At SummerSlam, Batista defeated JBL to retain the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Great American Bash (2005) Around this time, JBL hired Orlando Jordan to help him in title matches. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield Though JBL held the title for many months, most title matches were won controversially. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield JBL later stated that he did not have a formal contract with Long going into the match and that he did not intend to leave SmackDown!. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield Jericho was disqualified in their match at the Royal Rumble after hitting JBL with a chair. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield JBL later revealed to McMahon that Hornswoggle was Finlay's storyline son, not McMahon's. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield On March 31, 2012 Layfield inducted his former tag team partner and real life best friend Ron Simmons into the 2012 WWE Hall of Fame. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield In July, JBL was retired as NXT general manager and succeeded by William Regal. On the January 19, 2015 episode of Raw, JBL, along with Ron Simmons (a fellow member of The Acolytes Protection Agency), the New World Order and The New Age Outlaws attacked The Ascension and then, JBL would perform a Clothesline from Hell on Viktor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) John Layfield Simmons occasionally competed on WWE Heat, taking on jobbers from the town in which the show is being taped. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Simmons The APA teamed together until 2002, when Faarooq was drafted to the SmackDown! brand. Around this time, Ron Simmons began wrestling under his real name, as the terrorist group Al-Qaeda had a training camp called Al-Faarooq. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Simmons Orlando Jordan passed JBL the title belt, which JBL used to hit Undertaker with. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) SummerSlam (2004) At No Mercy, JBL retained the title after interference by Heidenreich. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) SummerSlam (2004) , Guerrero was arrested after he destroyed JBL's limousine, and JBL defeated Guerrero's friend Rey Mysterio. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Judgment Day (2004) After Guerrero collided with the referee, JBL hit Guerrero with a steel chair, causing Guerrero to bleed profusely, and the steel steps. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Judgment Day (2004) JBL attempted a second Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero but Guerrero avoided, colliding with the referee. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Judgment Day (2004) JBL retrieved a steel chair, distracting the referee and allowing JBL to retrieve the title belt. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Judgment Day (2004) Guerrero struck JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL won the match by disqualification but Guerrero retained the title. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Judgment Day (2004) It is based on a diffusion principle developed by Richard Ranger as consultant to JBL. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) JBL Paragon Teddy Long sided with Butch Reed as the former Doom partners engaged in a short but intense feud. The feud culminated at SuperBrawl I where Ron Simmons pinned Butch Reed in a Steel cage match (referred to as a "Thunder-Doom" cage match). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Doom (professional wrestling) Simmons served on the Appropriations Committee in 2017 and on the Transportation Committee in 2015 and 2017. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons voted against term limits for certain state officials. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ron Simmons (politician) Originally, it was scheduled to be Sting, Dustin Rhodes, Ron Simmons, and Van Hammer against Big Van Vader, Barry Windham, The Barbarian, and Rick Rude; due to injuries, Hammer and Rude dropped out and Orndorff took Rude's place. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Clash of the Champions Guerrero went on to touch three turnbuckles but was unable to touch the fourth as JBL held him back. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL defeated The Undertaker and concluded their storyline after interference from Heidenreich. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Great American Bash (2004) The 2012–13 season was the last JBL season as JBL teams joined the NBL. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Japan Basketball League Doom was a professional wrestling tag team composed of Ron Simmons and Butch Reed. They teamed from 1989 to 1991 in the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and World Championship Wrestling (WCW). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Doom (professional wrestling) At Survivor Series, JBL faced Booker for the WWE Championship. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Armageddon (2004) JBL and Jordan won the match following interference from the Basham Brothers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Armageddon (2004) When the match was over, Undertaker came out and attacked JBL's cabinet followed by executing a Tombstone Piledriver to JBL. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Armageddon (2004) The stipulation was if The Cabinet interfered in the match then JBL would be stripped of the title. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker executed a Last Ride through a broadcast table on JBL. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Armageddon (2004) JBL won the match after Batista was disqualified, but did not win the title because a championship can only be won via pinfall or submission. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Great American Bash (2005) Jordan interfered by attempting to hit Batista with a folding chair, but Batista grabbed the chair from him. Batista then used the chair to hit Jordan and JBL, and JBL was declared the winner, via disqualification. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Great American Bash (2005) As a result, Batista retained the title. After the match Batista gave JBL and Jordan a Batista Bomb. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Great American Bash (2005) At SummerSlam, JBL won the match by disqualification after Undertaker hit him with the title belt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield During JBL's time as WWE Champion, he employed a stable named "The Cabinet". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield Amy Weber was also a member, being JBL's image consultant, but later left WWE. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield WWE explained Weber's absence by saying that JBL fired her after an episode of SmackDown! taped in Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield JBL lost the WWE Championship to John Cena at WrestleMania 21. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield JBL returned and feuded with Benoit, defeating him for his United States Championship at WrestleMania 22. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield JBL, while still United States Champion, challenged for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield This angle was used to give JBL time off wrestling due to his serious back injury. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield In his final column on the website, JBL wrote, "I have also come to believe that you can't fight father time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield After Vince whipped Hornswoggle with his belt, JBL attacked Finlay from behind and handcuffed him to the top rope. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield After Mr. McMahon left the ring, JBL proceeded to beat Hornswoggle throwing him against the sides of the cage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield During the feud, JBL insulted Punk's straight-edge lifestyle, calling it "boring". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield In July, JBL was retired as NXT general manager and succeeded by William Regal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John Layfield Simmons won the raffle and defeated Vader with a snap scoop powerslam to win the championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons He continued to feud with Cactus Jack, with Jack bringing in The Barbarian to challenge Simmons at Halloween Havoc. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons Simmons retired from his in-ring career, accusing Bradshaw of not being a faithful friend in storyline. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons On the September 10, 2007 episode of Raw, Simmons was attacked by Marella. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons At the end of each match, Simmons held a microphone, pulling it toward and away from his mouth while the crowd cheered him until he eventually uttered his catchphrase. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons After Layfield hit Slater with the Clothesline from Hell, Simmons took to the microphone exclaiming "Damn!" --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons Undertaker executed a chokeslam to JBL through the roof of JBL's limousine, leading to JBL being taken out of the arena on a stretcher. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) SummerSlam (2004) Undertaker won the match via disqualification following interference from JBL; as a result, JBL retained the title. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) SummerSlam (2004) Immediately, JBL and Undertaker started the match outside of the ring. Mid-match, the referee was knocked out. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) SummerSlam (2004) Orlando Jordan passed JBL the title belt, which JBL used to hit Undertaker with. Undertaker was disqualified after the referee saw him hit JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL retained the title. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) SummerSlam (2004) JBL performed a Back Body Drop onto a broadcast table on Guerrero. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Judgment Day (2004) After the match, Guerrero attacked JBL with a steel chair and attacked JBL until officials separated the two. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Judgment Day (2004) The "Paragon" is the product with the longest production run of all JBL loudspeakers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) JBL Paragon Ranger elaborates on the JBL-Ranger Radial Refraction system of stereophonic reproduction thus: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) JBL Paragon After the Freebirds left the ring, Reed turned on Simmons and beat him up; this turned Simmons face and ended the team of Doom forever. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Butch Reed The son of public school teachers, Simmons was raised in southern Arkansas. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) In 1991, Simmons co-founded Retirement Advisors of America from which he recently retired as its Chairman of the Board. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons also serves as Chairman of the Board for Texas Mutual Insurance Company. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons inserted an amendment in a bill by Representative Chris Paddie R- --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons voted in favor the bill to prohibit texting while driving passed the House, 97-45. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons co-sponsored the measure to forbid the state from engaging in the enforcement of federal regulations of firearms. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ron Simmons (politician) JBL is an American company that manufactures audio equipment, including loudspeakers and headphones. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) JBL JBL is owned by Harman International Industries, a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) JBL The ring-radiator drivers are also known as "JBL bullets" because of their distinctive shape. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) JBL Ron Simmons and Eddie Gilbert had originally lost to the Sheepherders in the semi-finals but the decision was reversed when the Sheepherders signed with the World Wrestling Federation. Ivan Koloff pinned Paul Jones after hitting him with Jones’ own illegal object. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Clash of the Champions The Midnight Express beat Bob Orton, Jr. and Butch Reed in the first round while the Samoan Swat Team beat Ranger Ross and Ron Simmons. This match is one of the first the Steiner Brothers had together. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Clash of the Champions Originally, it was scheduled to be Sting, Dustin Rhodes, Ron Simmons, and Van Hammer against Big Van Vader, Barry Windham, The Barbarian, and Rick Rude; due to injuries, Hammer and Rude dropped out and Orndorff took Rude's place. Earlier on the show, Vader's team got rid of Barbarian, and Vader injured Simmons. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Clash of the Champions JBL won the match and the WWE Championship after touching all four turnbuckles in succession. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Great American Bash (2004) One preplanned move in the match saw Guerrero hit JBL with a steel chair, which caused JBL to bleed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Great American Bash (2004) The Japan Basketball League (JBL) was a professional basketball league in Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Japan Basketball League The Japan Basketball League was formed after the JBL Super League, which was held from 2001 to 2007, was disbanded. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Japan Basketball League Simmons had been with JCP for a while teaming with Eddie Gilbert but had not achieved much notoriety. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Doom (professional wrestling) After the Freebirds left the ring Reed turned on Simmons and beat him up, turning Simmons face and supposedly ended the team of Doom forever. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Doom (professional wrestling) Both Reed and Simmons appeared at Long's bachelor party and both were ushers in the wedding. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Doom (professional wrestling) The angle covered Simmons's real-life retirement from professional wrestling. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Acolytes Protection Agency In the semi-main event The Freebirds (Jimmy Garvin and Michael Hayes) defeated Doom (Butch Reed and Ron Simmons) to win the WCW World Tag Team Championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) WrestleWar (1991) JBL won the match and retained the title after hitting Booker with the WWE Championship belt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) Long announced that The Cabinet would not be at ringside and if they interfered in the match then JBL would be stripped of the WWE Championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker performed a side slam on JBL and threw Booker T over the barricade. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) JBL performed a JBL Bomb onto a broadcast table and an Elbow Drop through the table on Booker. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) After the pay-per-view, the feud between JBL, Undertaker, Guerrero, and Booker slowly died down. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) JBL pinned Booker and Eddie, who both kicked out. Heidenreich pulled Undertaker from the ring and applied a cobra clutch on Undertaker. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Armageddon (2004) The main event was between Batista and JBL (managed by Orlando Jordan) for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2005) JBL won a rematch in a steel cage two weeks later, again with Angle's assistance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield JBL won the match by disqualification, after Batista hit JBL with a steel chair, but since a title does not change hands by disqualification, Batista retained the title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield On the September 16 episode of SmackDown!, JBL lost to Rey Mysterio. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield His next opponent was Bobby Lashley, whom JBL defeated at No Way Out. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield This was leading to their title match at Judgment Day, which Mysterio won and retained the title by pinning JBL after a frog splash. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield Minutes later, an infuriated JBL kicked Jericho in the head, leading to a disqualification victory for Jericho meaning that Orton retained the title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield On March 29, JBL inducted the Brisco Brothers into the WWE Hall of Fame. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield JBL's next on-screen rivalry was with CM Punk, the reigning World Heavyweight Champion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield Throughout late 2008 and early 2009, JBL had a short rivalry with Shawn Michaels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield On July 23 Layfield returned with Simmons at Raw 1000 as the APA, after being called for protection by Lita. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield JBL was also part of the commentary team at WWE pay-per-views and commentated at WrestleMania 29. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield On September 12, 2013, JBL was named Commissioner of NXT, replacing Dusty Rhodes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield Having been on commentary the whole broadcast, JBL left the commentator's table when his number (#24) came up. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield After claiming he would not be defending the title at SummerSlam, The Undertaker challenged JBL for the title. Around this time, JBL hired Orlando Jordan to help him in title matches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield At SummerSlam, JBL won the match by disqualification after Undertaker hit him with the title belt. After the match, Undertaker chokeslammed JBL through the roof of his limousine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield JBL retained the title with some help from Heidenreich. Though JBL held the title for many months, most title matches were won controversially. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield WWE explained Weber's absence by saying that JBL fired her after an episode of SmackDown! taped in Japan. That episode saw Weber accidentally shoot JBL with a tranquilizer gun. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield He hired Jillian Hall to "fix" his career. At No Mercy, JBL defeated Mysterio in a rematch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John Layfield In 1979 Simmons finished ninth in the Heisman voting behind the winner, Charles White of USC. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Simmons teamed with Steve Williams at the 3rd Annual Jim Crockett Sr. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons They were defeated in the opening round by Mike Rotunda and Kevin Sullivan when Simmons was hit with a foreign object. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Subsequently, Doom broke up, with Simmons turning face and feuding with Reed, defeating him in a cage match at the very first SuperBrawl. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Afterwards, Simmons was relegated to mid-card status, eventually becoming a bitter heel who felt like the fans abandoned him after he lost the championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons In the spring of 1994, Simmons was working for WCW without being signed to a contract, also Simmons was briefly managed by Sherri Martel during this time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Simmons appeared in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from late 1994 to early 1995. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Simmons started his first feud with Ahmed Johnson before shortening his ring name to Faarooq. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons It was assumed that the APA was fired, but Heyman told Bradshaw he was allowed to stay. Simmons retired from his in-ring career, accusing Bradshaw of not being a faithful friend in storyline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons Simmons also feuded with Santino Marella. On the September 10, 2007 episode of Raw, Simmons was attacked by Marella. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons On the July 22 episode of SmackDown!, JBL defeated a jobber to retain the title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) SummerSlam (2004) On the August 5 episode of SmackDown!, as JBL called out Undertaker, a midget wrestler came out and began to imitate the real Undertaker. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) SummerSlam (2004) A member of the recently disbanded APA, JBL interfered in the match and turned heel by attacking Guerrero with a Clothesline from Hell. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) JBL performed a Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero as another referee counted the pinfall for a two count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) JBL performed a JBL Bomb on Guerrero and the original referee counted the pinfall for a two count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) JBL performed a Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero as another referee counted the pinfall for a two count. JBL attempted a second Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero but Guerrero avoided, colliding with the referee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) Guerrero attempted a Frog Splash but JBL avoided. JBL retrieved a steel chair, distracting the referee and allowing JBL to retrieve the title belt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) JBL retrieved a steel chair, distracting the referee and allowing JBL to retrieve the title belt. Guerrero attacked JBL with a low blow whilst the referee was distracted. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) Guerrero attacked JBL with a low blow whilst the referee was distracted. Guerrero struck JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL won the match by disqualification but Guerrero retained the title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Judgment Day (2004) Wolf, who would later become president and chief executive of JBL, was initially asked to produce a shell version for dealers' shops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL Paragon Self powered Paragons and Metregons employing the JBL SE-408S stereo amplifier were optional. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL Paragon The feud culminated at SuperBrawl I where Ron Simmons pinned Butch Reed in a Steel cage match (referred to as a "Thunder-Doom" cage match). After the PPV, Reed left the company for a short while only to return in 1992 siding with The Barbarian and Cactus Jack. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Butch Reed This would lead to Simmons and Jack competing in several tag team matches for the next one month. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) SuperBrawl II On the February 8 episode of Worldwide, it was announced that Simmons would face Jack in a match at SuperBrawl --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) SuperBrawl II The feud between Ron Simmons and Cactus Jack continued after SuperBrawl as Jack joined forces with Mr. Hughes to feud with Simmons and his new ally Junkyard Dog. A tag team match was supposed to take place between the two teams at WrestleWar but Jack attacked JYD before the match rendering him unable to compete and Simmons defeated Hughes in a singles match. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) SuperBrawl II Ronald Ellis Simmons, known as Ron Simmons (born September 21, 1960) is an investment advisor from Carrollton, Texas, who is a former member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 65 in suburban southeastern Denton County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) Mendoza ran unsuccessfully against Simmons in the 2012 general election as the nominee that year of the Green Party. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons lost his bid for a fourth term in the general election held on November 6, 2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons and his wife are active members at Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) In 2018, NARAL Pro-Choice Texas gave Simmons a 0 rating. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons also joint authored legislation with Chairman Joe Pickett to increase funding for transportation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) NARAL Pro-Choice Texas and Equality Texas each rated Simmons 0 percent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) The son of public school teachers, Simmons was raised in southern Arkansas. He studied at Southern Arkansas University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) He studied at Southern Arkansas University. Simmons is married to the former Lisa Dickson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ron Simmons (politician) After Lansing's contract expired in 1946, he left Altec Lansing and founded Lansing Sound in which later the name changed to "James B. Lansing Sound" and was further shortened to "JBL Sound". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL Arnold saw JBL as an opportunity to sell Alnico V magnetic materials into a new market. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL The company then passed into the hands of Bill Thomas, JBL's vice-president. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL JBL engineers Ed May and Bart N. Locanthi created these designs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL In 1955 the brand name JBL was introduced to resolve ongoing disputes with Altec Lansing Corporation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL In 1969, Thomas sold JBL to the Jervis Corporation (later renamed "Harman International"), headed by Sidney Harman. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL The JBL L-100 and 4310 control monitors were popular home speakers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL 1969 – JBL components deliver sound at Woodstock and many other rock festivals --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL The D175 remained in the JBL catalog through the 1970s. Both of these were near-copies of Altec Lansing products. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL In 1948, Marquardt took over operation of JBL. In 1949, Marquardt was purchased by General Tire Company. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) JBL The bout was originally scheduled as Rhodes and Dick Murdoch vs Al Perez and Ron Garvin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Clash of the Champions Stan Lane pinned Samu after the Road Warriors ran in and attacked the Samoan Swat Team while the referee was knocked out. The Midnight Express beat Bob Orton, Jr. and Butch Reed in the first round while the Samoan Swat Team beat Ranger Ross and Ron Simmons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Clash of the Champions Guerrero was at first declared the winner, but General Manager Kurt Angle came out and showed that JBL had touched the final turnbuckle before Guerrero. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) At Judgment Day, JBL defeated Guerrero by disqualification after Guerrero hit JBL with the WWE Championship belt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL began feuding with The Undertaker following the event, and the two faced off for the WWE Championship at SummerSlam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) Following the conclusion of his title match against JBL at the event, Eddie Guerrero began to feud with Kurt Angle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) Guerrero went on to touch three turnbuckles but was unable to touch the fourth as JBL held him back. Guerrero executed a dropkick on JBL and attempted to touch the fourth again but JBL held him back and took the advantage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) Guerrero executed a dropkick on JBL and attempted to touch the fourth again but JBL held him back and took the advantage. JBL threw Guerrero into a broadcast table and executed a powerbomb through the broadcast table. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) In the end, each man had touched three turnbuckles and were vying for the fourth. Guerrero attempted to jump over JBL and touch the remaining turnbuckle, but was unsuccessful; he splashed himself and JBL into the turnbuckle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) Guerrero attempted to jump over JBL and touch the remaining turnbuckle, but was unsuccessful; he splashed himself and JBL into the turnbuckle. Guerrero was declared the winner, as it appeared he had touched all four turnbuckles first, but SmackDown! --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Great American Bash (2004) After the match, Reed and Simmons started brawling, causing NJPW and WCW stars to separate them, indicating Doom was no more. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Doom (professional wrestling) The feud culminated at SuperBrawl I where Ron Simmons pinned Butch Reed in a Steel cage match (referred to as a "Thunder-Doom" cage match). After the PPV, Reed left the company allowing Ron Simmons to focus on other opponents while Teddy Long turned face and started to manage other talent in WCW. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Doom (professional wrestling) Both Reed and Simmons appeared at Long's bachelor party and both were ushers in the wedding. At both occasions, Doom was mentioned. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Doom (professional wrestling) Layfield attacked Slater with a Clothesline from Hell, and after the match, Simmons simply said his trademark catchphrase, "Damn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Acolytes Protection Agency JBL tried to Powerbomb Undertaker through a broadcast table but Undertaker countered with a back body drop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) Guerrero hit Undertaker with the ladder and executed a frog splash off the ladder but JBL pulled the referee out of the ring. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) At Survivor Series, JBL faced Booker for the WWE Championship. Before the match began, JBL announced that if he lost the match he would leave professional wrestling forever. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) Before the match began, JBL announced that if he lost the match he would leave professional wrestling forever. JBL won the match and retained the title after hitting Booker with the WWE Championship belt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) The stipulation was if The Cabinet interfered in the match then JBL would be stripped of the title. As the match began, JBL retreated as the other three fought each other. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker chokeslammed the other three and attempted a Tombstone Piledriver but Heidenreich attacked him. JBL pinned Booker and Eddie, who both kicked out. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) Heidenreich pulled Undertaker from the ring and applied a cobra clutch on Undertaker. JBL executed a Clothesline from Hell on Booker to retain the title. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Armageddon (2004) The main event was Batista defending the World Heavyweight Championship against John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2005) Batista appeared, and as JBL fled the scene, performed a spinebuster on Jordan. The event also featured a feud between Rey Mysterio and Eddie Guerrero. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2005) The main event was between Batista and JBL (managed by Orlando Jordan) for the World Heavyweight Championship. Jordan interfered by attempting to hit Batista with a folding chair, but Batista grabbed the chair from him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2005) Ron Simmons was originally scheduled to defend the WCW World Heavyweight Championship against Rick Rude, but Rude was injured in the weeks prior to the show and had to be replaced by "Dr. Death" Steve Williams instead. The "King of Cable" tournament was an eight-man tournament conducted to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of wrestling airing on TBS Superstation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Starrcade (1992) Layfield rose to prominence in WWE (then the World Wrestling Federation, WWF) during its Attitude Era under the ring name Bradshaw, during which time he became a three-time WWF Tag Team Champion with Ron "Faarooq" Simmons as part of the Acolyte Protection Agency (APA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield At Judgment Day, JBL defeated Guerrero via disqualification in a match for the WWE Championship, but since a title cannot change hands by disqualification, Guerrero retained the title. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield At Survivor Series, JBL defeated Booker T to retain his WWE Championship by hitting Booker in the face with the title belt when the referee was knocked out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield JBL and Batista then met in a match at The Great American Bash for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield At SummerSlam, Batista defeated JBL in a No Holds Barred match to retain the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield JBL lost another rematch with Batista on the September 9 episode of SmackDown! in a Texas Bullrope match, ending the feud. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield In early 2006, JBL started a feud with The Boogeyman who scared him many times in the new year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield JBL tried to weaken then champion Rey Mysterio in the weeks leading up to his title match as Mysterio faced off against any opponent of JBL's choosing, capitalizing on Mysterio claiming that he was "a man of his word," and would take on anyone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield JBL teamed with Mr. Kennedy and King Booker against The Brothers of Destruction (Kane and The Undertaker), and Batista. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield During this match, Randy Orton whipped a charging Chris Jericho over the announcer table where JBL was situated, and in the heat of the match, Jericho "pushed" JBL out of the way. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On the December 17, 2007 episode of Raw, JBL announced that he would resume his wrestling career in response to a challenge made by Jericho. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On the December 21 episode of SmackDown!, JBL gave his farewell address from SmackDown!, officially marking his return to Raw on December 31. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Cena defeated JBL at Judgment Day and then at One Night Stand in a First Blood match. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield JBL faced Punk for the World Heavyweight Championship at SummerSlam, which he would lose after Punk hit him with his finishing move, the Go 2 Sleep. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield At No Mercy, JBL was defeated by Batista in a #1 Contender's match for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Michaels had lost his family's personal savings due to the global financial crisis and would later become JBL's employee at Armageddon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On April 1, 2013, JBL became the third commentator for Raw alongside Michael Cole and Jerry Lawler. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield However, JBL was quickly eliminated by Roman Reigns while trying to hand his jacket to Michael Cole, and resumed his role as commentator for the rest of the broadcast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On April 22, Newsweek reported that Ranallo and WWE "mutually agreed to part ways", and Ranallo released a statement in which he said his departure had "nothing to do with JBL". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Favorite Web Show of the Year (2013) – with Michael Cole and Renee Young for The JBL and Cole Show --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Around this time, JBL hired Orlando Jordan to help him in title matches. At SummerSlam, JBL won the match by disqualification after Undertaker hit him with the title belt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Amy Weber was also a member, being JBL's image consultant, but later left WWE. WWE explained Weber's absence by saying that JBL fired her after an episode of SmackDown! taped in Japan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On the September 16 episode of SmackDown!, JBL lost to Rey Mysterio. He hired Jillian Hall to "fix" his career. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield When he lost, the crowd at the arena began to sing "Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye". JBL later stated that he did not have a formal contract with Long going into the match and that he did not intend to leave SmackDown!. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield After Mr. McMahon left the ring, JBL proceeded to beat Hornswoggle throwing him against the sides of the cage. JBL later revealed to McMahon that Hornswoggle was Finlay's storyline son, not McMahon's. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Jericho went on to win the match and the World Heavyweight Championship. At No Mercy, JBL was defeated by Batista in a #1 Contender's match for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield On March 31, 2012 Layfield inducted his former tag team partner and real life best friend Ron Simmons into the 2012 WWE Hall of Fame. On July 23 Layfield returned with Simmons at Raw 1000 as the APA, after being called for protection by Lita. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John Layfield Ronald Simmons (born May 15, 1958) is an American retired professional wrestler and football player. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Born in Perry, Georgia, Simmons attended Warner Robins High School, where he played football as a tight end and linebacker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons In 1988, Simmons's jersey (number 50) was retired by FSU, the third time a number has been retired in school history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Simmons was inducted into the Orange Bowl Hall of Fame for his accomplishments while playing at Florida State, and he was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Five days later on a house show in Los Angeles Simmons defeated a young Rodney Anoa'i --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Simmons spent the first half of 1992 feuding with Cactus Jack, whom he defeated via pinfall at SuperBrawl II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Simmons competed in the European Cup Tournament, winning his 1st round match against Marcus Bagwell but lost the next round to Sting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons In reality, Simmons, who had been planning to retire due to his health and age and become a backstage agent for the company, was let go the day this angle aired on SmackDown!. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons On the September 24, 2007, edition of Raw, Simmons returned to the ring and defeated Santino Marella by countout after Marella left the ring and walked out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons On Raw's 800th episode on November 3, 2008 Simmons interrupted wrestlers, who were dancing in the ring, with his catchphrase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons In 2014, Simmons made several appearances for Maryland Championship Wrestling's "Autumn Armageddon" tour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Simmons later teamed up with Butch Reed to form Doom. In the beginning, the members of Doom were masked and only known as Doom #1 and Doom #2, managed by Woman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Simmons held the title for five months. He continued to feud with Cactus Jack, with Jack bringing in The Barbarian to challenge Simmons at Halloween Havoc. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons After being dumped from the Nation, Faarooq feuded with The Rock but failed to win the Intercontinental title. Simmons then teamed briefly with 2 Cold Scorpio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons Around this time, Ron Simmons began wrestling under his real name, as the terrorist group Al-Qaeda had a training camp called Al-Faarooq. Simmons had a brief heel run when he teamed with Reverend D-Von until he left television in December 2002, but in June 2003 he returned to WWE with Bradshaw and the APA reunited. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons On the August 12 episode of SmackDown!, Undertaker defeated Jordan by disqualification after JBL interfered and executed a Clothesline from Hell on Undertaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) On the July 15 episode of SmackDown!, JBL defeated Guerrero in a Steel Cage match to retain the title. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) Towards the end of the match, El Gran Luchadore (portrayed by Angle) interfered, giving JBL enough time to escape the cage and win the match. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) The following match was for the WWE Championship between John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) and The Undertaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) The next few weeks on SmackDown!, JBL wore a neck brace, to signify that he was recuperating from Undertaker's chokeslam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) On the August 26 episode of SmackDown!, Orlando Jordan defended the WWE Championship for JBL against The Undertaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) On the July 22 episode of SmackDown!, JBL defeated a jobber to retain the title. After the match, Undertaker came out and challenged JBL to a match at SummerSlam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) After the match, Undertaker came out and challenged JBL to a match at SummerSlam. On the August 5 episode of SmackDown!, as JBL called out Undertaker, a midget wrestler came out and began to imitate the real Undertaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) On the August 5 episode of SmackDown!, as JBL called out Undertaker, a midget wrestler came out and began to imitate the real Undertaker. The real Undertaker came out shortly afterwards and attacked JBL, until Orlando Jordan came out to help him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) The following match was for the WWE Championship between John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) and The Undertaker. Immediately, JBL and Undertaker started the match outside of the ring. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) Mid-match, the referee was knocked out. Orlando Jordan passed JBL the title belt, which JBL used to hit Undertaker with. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) Undertaker was disqualified after the referee saw him hit JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL retained the title. Undertaker executed a chokeslam to JBL through the roof of JBL's limousine, leading to JBL being taken out of the arena on a stretcher. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SummerSlam (2004) On the April 29 episode of SmackDown!, JBL cut a promo about Guerrero's ancestors, saying they were illegal immigrants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) In the main event, Eddie Guerrero defended the WWE Championship against John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) On the May 13 episode of SmackDown! , Guerrero was arrested after he destroyed JBL's limousine, and JBL defeated Guerrero's friend Rey Mysterio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) JBL performed a Back Body Drop onto a broadcast table on Guerrero. After Guerrero collided with the referee, JBL hit Guerrero with a steel chair, causing Guerrero to bleed profusely, and the steel steps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) After Guerrero collided with the referee, JBL hit Guerrero with a steel chair, causing Guerrero to bleed profusely, and the steel steps. JBL performed a Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero as another referee counted the pinfall for a two count. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) JBL attempted a second Clothesline from Hell on Guerrero but Guerrero avoided, colliding with the referee. JBL performed a JBL Bomb on Guerrero and the original referee counted the pinfall for a two count. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) JBL performed a JBL Bomb on Guerrero and the original referee counted the pinfall for a two count. Guerrero attempted a Frog Splash but JBL avoided. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) Guerrero struck JBL with the title belt, meaning JBL won the match by disqualification but Guerrero retained the title. After the match, Guerrero attacked JBL with a steel chair and attacked JBL until officials separated the two. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Judgment Day (2004) As the flagship JBL product, it cost $1,830 (£650) – equivalent to more than $15,000 in 2013 terms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL Paragon The "Paragon" is the product with the longest production run of all JBL loudspeakers. It was produced continually until it was discontinued in 1983, when it was replaced by a product line named "Everest". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL Paragon He played college football at the University of Central Missouri, was a star in Mid-South Wrestling and had high-profile tag team matches in the World Wrestling Federation (such as the first Survivor Series main event) and World Championship Wrestling (where he held the championship with Ron Simmons, as Doom). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Butch Reed On the January 19 episode of Main Event, Simmons defeated Jack via disqualification after Zbyszko interfered and Butcher made the save for Simmons to brawl with Jack and Zbyszko. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SuperBrawl II Near the end of the match, Jack climbed the top rope and dived off the turnbuckle to perform an aerial move on Simmons but Simmons countered with a powerslam for the win. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) SuperBrawl II Simmons won his third term in the state House in the November 8, 2016, general election. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons opposed the bill to establish a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons and his wife have three children. Simmons and his wife are active members at Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons served on the Appropriations Committee in 2017 and on the Transportation Committee in 2015 and 2017. He was the Chairman of the Sub Committee on Long Term Transportation Funding in 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ron Simmons (politician) The 1970s saw JBL become a household brand, starting with the famous L-100, which was the best-selling loudspeaker model of any company to that time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL The 1970s were also a time of major JBL expansion in the professional audio field from their studio monitors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL By 1977, more recording studios were using JBL monitors than all other brands combined, according to a Billboard survey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL To test speaker drivers, JBL in Glendale and Northridge used the roof as an outdoor equivalent to an anechoic chamber. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL Over the next two decades, JBL went more mass-market with their consumer (Northridge) line of loudspeakers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL JBL became a prominent supplier to the tour sound industry, their loudspeakers being employed by touring rock acts and music festivals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL JBL products were the basis for the development of THX loudspeaker standard, which resulted in JBL becoming a popular cinema loudspeaker manufacturer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL 1955 – Leo Fender integrates the D-130 model in their amplifiers, thus starting the entry of JBL into professional music --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL 1962 – JBL creates the first 2-way studio monitor, using a high-frequency motor lens --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) JBL This was the finals of the tournament to crown new United States Tag Team champions, the titles were vacated when the Midnight Express won the NWA World Tag Team titles in September. Ron Simmons and Eddie Gilbert had originally lost to the Sheepherders in the semi-finals but the decision was reversed when the Sheepherders signed with the World Wrestling Federation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clash of the Champions Ric Flair and Butch Reed both won coin tosses to determine who would represent their respective teams, while their respective partners Arn Anderson and Ron Simmons remained at ringside. Since Flair won, Flair and Anderson earned a rematch against Doom for the NWA World Tag Team titles at Starrcade and Teddy Long had to be Flair's chauffeur for a day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clash of the Champions This was 2 Cold Scorpio's debut in WCW. Simmons' original partner Robbie Walker was injured. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clash of the Champions Earlier on the show, Vader's team got rid of Barbarian, and Vader injured Simmons. Cactus Jack came in during the match, siding with Sting and Rhodes, thus turning face. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clash of the Champions Another primary feud heading into the event was between Eddie Guerrero and John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) over the WWE Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) On the June 3 episode of SmackDown!, JBL announced that his match against Guerrero would be a Texas Bullrope match. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) At Judgment Day, JBL defeated Guerrero by disqualification after Guerrero hit JBL with the WWE Championship belt. Since a championship cannot be lost via countout or disqualification, Guerrero retained the title. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) One preplanned move in the match saw Guerrero hit JBL with a steel chair, which caused JBL to bleed. Guerrero went on to touch three turnbuckles but was unable to touch the fourth as JBL held him back. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL threw Guerrero into a broadcast table and executed a powerbomb through the broadcast table. In the end, each man had touched three turnbuckles and were vying for the fourth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL began feuding with The Undertaker following the event, and the two faced off for the WWE Championship at SummerSlam. JBL won the match and retained the title after Undertaker was disqualified for hitting JBL with the title belt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Great American Bash (2004) It made up the top-tier of basketball in Japan alongside the bj league, Japan's other basketball competition, with no promotion and relegation between bj and the JBL. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Japan Basketball League The JBL was composed of two divisions, the JBL (Division 1, formerly JBL Super League) and the JBL2 (Division 2, formerly Japan League). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Japan Basketball League Bradshaw returned as an active wrestler in 2007, on the Raw brand, while Simmons began cutting promos with his trademark catchphrase, "Damn!". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Acolytes Protection Agency The Acolytes Protection Agency (APA) was a professional wrestling tag team who consisted of Bradshaw (John Layfield) and Faarooq (Ron Simmons). They wrestled for the American promotion World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/E) between October 1998 and March 2004. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Acolytes Protection Agency While Bradshaw stayed, Faarooq left in disgust. The angle covered Simmons's real-life retirement from professional wrestling. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Acolytes Protection Agency JBL went to feud with the Big Show and Kurt Angle over the WWE Championship, which would end at No Way Out. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) Cena went on to win the WWE Championship from JBL at WrestleMania, and held the title until January 2006, even after being drafted to the Raw brand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) JBL and Jordan won the match following interference from the Basham Brothers. When the match was over, Undertaker came out and attacked JBL's cabinet followed by executing a Tombstone Piledriver to JBL. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker, Booker and Guerrero won the match. Long announced that The Cabinet would not be at ringside and if they interfered in the match then JBL would be stripped of the WWE Championship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) As the match began, JBL retreated as the other three fought each other. Undertaker performed a side slam on JBL and threw Booker T over the barricade. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) JBL performed a JBL Bomb onto a broadcast table and an Elbow Drop through the table on Booker. Undertaker executed a Last Ride through a broadcast table on JBL. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker executed a Last Ride through a broadcast table on JBL. Guerrero executed two frog splashes on Undertaker but Undertaker sat up. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) Guerrero executed two frog splashes on Undertaker but Undertaker sat up. Guerrero hit Undertaker with the ladder and executed a frog splash off the ladder but JBL pulled the referee out of the ring. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Armageddon (2004) JBL won the match after Batista was disqualified, but did not win the title because a championship can only be won via pinfall or submission. One of the featured matches on the undercard was Rey Mysterio versus Eddie Guerrero, which Mysterio won by pinfall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Great American Bash (2005) On the July 14 episode of SmackDown!, Batista defeated Orlando Jordan in a standard match after performing a Batista Bomb. After the match, JBL successfully attacked Batista by executing a clothesline. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Great American Bash (2005) Afterward, Michelle stripped Melina and then removed her own clothes, as well. The main event was between Batista and JBL (managed by Orlando Jordan) for the World Heavyweight Championship. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Great American Bash (2005) He is also employed by Northeast Securities as its Senior Vice President. Layfield rose to prominence in WWE (then the World Wrestling Federation, WWF) during its Attitude Era under the ring name Bradshaw, during which time he became a three-time WWF Tag Team Champion with Ron "Faarooq" Simmons as part of the Acolyte Protection Agency (APA). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield He began referring to himself as John "Bradshaw" Layfield, or JBL. His finishing move's name was part of the overhaul, becoming the Clothesline From Wall Street until he later changed it back to its original name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield JBL won a rematch in a steel cage two weeks later, again with Angle's assistance. After claiming he would not be defending the title at SummerSlam, The Undertaker challenged JBL for the title. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield At No Mercy, JBL defeated Mysterio in a rematch. In early 2006, JBL started a feud with The Boogeyman who scared him many times in the new year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield In early 2006, JBL started a feud with The Boogeyman who scared him many times in the new year. The two had a match at the Royal Rumble, which the Boogeyman won. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield The two had a match at the Royal Rumble, which the Boogeyman won. His next opponent was Bobby Lashley, whom JBL defeated at No Way Out. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield JBL later stated that he did not have a formal contract with Long going into the match and that he did not intend to leave SmackDown!. This angle was used to give JBL time off wrestling due to his serious back injury. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield Layfield noted in a commentary on TheStreet.com that he was retiring from in-ring competition for good. In his final column on the website, JBL wrote, "I have also come to believe that you can't fight father time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield In his final column on the website, JBL wrote, "I have also come to believe that you can't fight father time. A broken back suffered in a match in England, compounded by a herniated and bulged disc, finally made me realize my career as a professional wrestler was over. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield Jericho was disqualified in their match at the Royal Rumble after hitting JBL with a chair. The duo battled in a rematch on the February 11 episode of Raw, which Jericho won. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield After Vince whipped Hornswoggle with his belt, JBL attacked Finlay from behind and handcuffed him to the top rope. After Mr. McMahon left the ring, JBL proceeded to beat Hornswoggle throwing him against the sides of the cage. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield JBL later revealed to McMahon that Hornswoggle was Finlay's storyline son, not McMahon's. On March 29, JBL inducted the Brisco Brothers into the WWE Hall of Fame. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield JBL's next on-screen rivalry was with CM Punk, the reigning World Heavyweight Champion. During the feud, JBL insulted Punk's straight-edge lifestyle, calling it "boring". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield Punk refused, not wanting to risk compromising his beliefs, before throwing the drink in JBL's face. JBL faced Punk for the World Heavyweight Championship at SummerSlam, which he would lose after Punk hit him with his finishing move, the Go 2 Sleep. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield On July 23 Layfield returned with Simmons at Raw 1000 as the APA, after being called for protection by Lita. After a Clothesline from Hell, Lita defeated Heath Slater. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield Angered WWE fans subsequently called on WWE to fire Layfield. On April 22, Newsweek reported that Ranallo and WWE "mutually agreed to part ways", and Ranallo released a statement in which he said his departure had "nothing to do with JBL". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John Layfield Ron Simmons was considered one of Florida State's greatest recruiting victories when he signed out of high school. Simmons played four years (1977–1980) as a defensive nose guard at FSU under coach Bobby Bowden (whom Simmons described as "a second father"), earning Consensus All-America honors in 1979 and 1980. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons WCW President Bill Watts responded by holding a raffle to determine the number one contender. Simmons won the raffle and defeated Vader with a snap scoop powerslam to win the championship. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons By defeating Vader, Simmons became the first recognized African American WCW World Heavyweight Champion and the second African American wrestler to win a World Heavyweight title. Simmons held the title for five months. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons Simmons competed in the European Cup Tournament, winning his 1st round match against Marcus Bagwell but lost the next round to Sting. He would go on to feud with Sting and Bagwell, mostly competing in tag matches. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons Simmons's escaping the Master Lock, was not recognized. On the July 27, 2007 edition of SmackDown!, Simmons was named the best man for Theodore Long and Kristal's wedding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons On the September 10, 2007 episode of Raw, Simmons was attacked by Marella. On the September 24, 2007, edition of Raw, Simmons returned to the ring and defeated Santino Marella by countout after Marella left the ring and walked out. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons Simmons occasionally competed on WWE Heat, taking on jobbers from the town in which the show is being taped. At the end of each match, Simmons held a microphone, pulling it toward and away from his mouth while the crowd cheered him until he eventually uttered his catchphrase. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons In 2012, Simmons was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame. In 2014, Simmons made several appearances for Maryland Championship Wrestling's "Autumn Armageddon" tour. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons The real Undertaker came out shortly afterwards and attacked JBL, until Orlando Jordan came out to help him. On the August 12 episode of SmackDown!, Undertaker defeated Jordan by disqualification after JBL interfered and executed a Clothesline from Hell on Undertaker. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) SummerSlam (2004) General Manager, screwed Guerrero and declared JBL the winner. On the July 15 episode of SmackDown!, JBL defeated Guerrero in a Steel Cage match to retain the title. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) SummerSlam (2004) Towards the end of the match, El Gran Luchadore (portrayed by Angle) interfered, giving JBL enough time to escape the cage and win the match. After the match ended, Guerrero attacked El Gran Luchadore and pulled off his mask, revealing him to be Angle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) SummerSlam (2004) On the February 8 episode of Worldwide, it was announced that Windham and Rhodes would take on Steve Austin and Larry Zbyszko in a tag team match at SuperBrawl II.On January 1, Sting and Ron Simmons defeated Rick Rude and Cactus Jack after Jack lost when his ally Abdullah the Butcher accidentally hit him with the kendo stick. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) SuperBrawl II This ignited a feud between Jack and Butcher. On the January 19 episode of Main Event, Simmons defeated Jack via disqualification after Zbyszko interfered and Butcher made the save for Simmons to brawl with Jack and Zbyszko. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) SuperBrawl II Simmons and his wife are active members at Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano. He is a former deacon at First Baptist Church of Dallas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons (politician) In 2018, NARAL Pro-Choice Texas gave Simmons a 0 rating. Simmons served on the Appropriations Committee in 2017 and on the Transportation Committee in 2015 and 2017. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons (politician) He co-sponsored the successful bill to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. Simmons voted in favor the bill to prohibit texting while driving passed the House, 97-45. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons (politician) Simmons voted in favor the bill to prohibit texting while driving passed the House, 97-45. He voted to require testing for narcotics of those individuals receiving unemployment compensation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons (politician) He backed the redistricting bills for the state House, the Texas Senate, and the United States House of Representatives. Simmons voted against term limits for certain state officials. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ron Simmons (politician) JBL won the match and retained the title after Undertaker was disqualified for hitting JBL with the title belt. The two faced off again at No Mercy in a Last Ride match, in which the objective is to place your opponent in a hearse and drive out of the arena. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Great American Bash (2004) JBL defeated The Undertaker and concluded their storyline after interference from Heidenreich. Following the conclusion of his title match against JBL at the event, Eddie Guerrero began to feud with Kurt Angle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Great American Bash (2004) The Japan Basketball League (JBL) was a professional basketball league in Japan. It made up the top-tier of basketball in Japan alongside the bj league, Japan's other basketball competition, with no promotion and relegation between bj and the JBL. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Japan Basketball League Doom was briefly reunited on WWE's SmackDown on a few occasions that involved Teddy Long's wedding. Both Reed and Simmons appeared at Long's bachelor party and both were ushers in the wedding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Doom (professional wrestling) In the semi-main event The Freebirds (Jimmy Garvin and Michael Hayes) defeated Doom (Butch Reed and Ron Simmons) to win the WCW World Tag Team Championship. After the match Reed and Long turned on their longtime partner Ron Simmons, ending Doom as a team and allowing Ron Simmons to become a "face" in the eyes of the fans. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) WrestleWar (1991) Undertaker performed a side slam on JBL and threw Booker T over the barricade. JBL tried to Powerbomb Undertaker through a broadcast table but Undertaker countered with a back body drop. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Armageddon (2004) JBL tried to Powerbomb Undertaker through a broadcast table but Undertaker countered with a back body drop. Undertaker executed Old School on Booker and a guillotine leg drop on Guerrero. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Armageddon (2004) Undertaker executed Old School on Booker and a guillotine leg drop on Guerrero. JBL performed a JBL Bomb onto a broadcast table and an Elbow Drop through the table on Booker. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Armageddon (2004) Guerrero hit Undertaker with the ladder and executed a frog splash off the ladder but JBL pulled the referee out of the ring. Undertaker chokeslammed the other three and attempted a Tombstone Piledriver but Heidenreich attacked him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Armageddon (2004)
18407.	Q: Is the roof of the will-call ticket booth at the Atlanta Motor Speedway, Henry County, Georgia flat or pointed? Title = Atlanta Motor Speedway, Gate 15, Will Call Tickets building.JPG Description = A: Pointed. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Henry County, Tennessee, Henry County, Georgia, 2021 Quaker State 400, Quaker State 400 (Atlanta), Henry County, Henry County, Ohio, Henry County, Indiana, Henry County, Kentucky, Henry County, Virginia, Atlanta 500 Classic, Speedway Motorsports, Henry County, Alabama, Texas Motor Speedway, Fr8Auctions 200, Henry County, Illinois, EchoPark 250, Atlanta Speedway Airport, Atlanta Motor Speedway, Patrick Henry, Credit Karma Money 250 Toggle details	It is home to the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton. The Henry County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. --- (0.26, 0.0, 0.26) Henry County, Georgia Henry County is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA metropolitan statistical area. It is home to the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Henry County, Georgia Atlanta Motor Speedway is located in Henry County and hosts an annual NASCAR race and many other events throughout the year, including the 2021 Publix Atlanta Marathon, which moved to the Speedway premises. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Henry County, Georgia It is home to the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Henry County, Georgia Atlanta Motor Speedway (formerly Atlanta International Raceway) is a track in Hampton, Georgia, 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) 2021 Quaker State 400 The track layout is similar to Atlanta Motor Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Texas Motor Speedway In 2013, the county changed the facility’s name from Atlanta South Regional Airport to Henry County Airport, and again in 2017 to Atlanta Speedway Airport, due to its location across the street from Atlanta Motor Speedway, where Turns 1 and 2 overlook the runway. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Atlanta Speedway Airport The Credit Karma Money 250 is a NASCAR Xfinity Series race at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Credit Karma Money 250 Henry County is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Henry County, Georgia National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Georgia --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Henry County, Georgia In 1990, Smith began to acquire additional speedway properties beginning with Atlanta Motor Speedway. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Speedway Motorsports The 2021 Quaker State 400 was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on July 11, 2021, at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2021 Quaker State 400 The track layout is similar to Atlanta Motor Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway. The track is owned by Speedway Motorsports, Inc. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Texas Motor Speedway The EchoPark 250 is a NASCAR Xfinity Series stock car race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia, a few miles south of Atlanta. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) EchoPark 250 The north end of Clayton County has part of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, thus Tara Field served general aviation, especially for the Atlanta Motor Speedway immediately next to it. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Atlanta Speedway Airport The project was complete in time for the Labor Day race at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Atlanta Speedway Airport Henry County is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA metropolitan statistical area. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Henry County, Georgia The Atlanta 500 Classic was an Indy Racing League event held at the Atlanta Motor Speedway from 1998 until 2001. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Atlanta 500 Classic In 1990, Smith began to acquire additional speedway properties beginning with Atlanta Motor Speedway. As he did with Charlotte, Smith began expanding seating and facilities at Atlanta. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Speedway Motorsports Atlanta Motor Speedway (formerly Atlanta International Raceway) is a 1.54-mile race track in Hampton, Georgia, United States, 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Atlanta Motor Speedway Henry County, Georgia was created by the Georgia State Legislature in 1821 from land acquired from the Creek Indian Nation by the First Treaty of Indian Springs. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Henry County, Georgia Henry County is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. Per the 2010 census, the population of Henry County is 203,922. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Henry County, Georgia The county was named for Patrick Henry. Henry County is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA metropolitan statistical area. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Henry County, Georgia Atlanta Motor Speedway (formerly Atlanta International Raceway) is a track in Hampton, Georgia, 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta. It is a 1.54-mile (2.48 km) quad-oval track with a seating capacity of 111,000. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2021 Quaker State 400 The Quaker State 400 presented by Walmart is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race that was run annually each March at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia from 1960 to 2010 and as a July race since 2021. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) In August 2010, Atlanta Motor Speedway announced that they would no longer run the spring race, instead choosing to focus on the Labor Day weekend race at the track beginning in 2011. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) 1960: The first race at Atlanta International Raceway (now Atlanta Motor Speedway) was won by Bobby Johns in a 1960 Pontiac. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) It is owned by the Henry County Airport Authority. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Henry County, Ohio It appears this came at the expense of SMI-owned Atlanta Motor Speedway, which dropped from two races to one on the 2011 Sprint Cup schedule. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Speedway Motorsports It was announced in September 2020 that Kentucky Speedway would not return for the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series schedule, and its date would be given back to Atlanta Motor Speedway. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Speedway Motorsports Henry County was formed before Alabama was organized as a state. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Henry County, Alabama Texas Motor Speedway is a speedway located in the northernmost portion of the U.S. city of Fort Worth, Texas – the portion located in Denton County, Texas. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Texas Motor Speedway Atlanta Speedway Airport (ICAO: KHMP, FAA LID: HMP)(formerly 4A7), is a public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) west of the central business district of Hampton, a city in Henry County, Georgia, United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atlanta Speedway Airport It is not near most of that county, except for its very small southern tip. The north end of Clayton County has part of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, thus Tara Field served general aviation, especially for the Atlanta Motor Speedway immediately next to it. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atlanta Speedway Airport The north end of Clayton County has part of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, thus Tara Field served general aviation, especially for the Atlanta Motor Speedway immediately next to it. At its July 12, 2011, meeting, the Clayton County Board of Commissioners voted to sell the airport to Henry County in a deal worth $17.7 million. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atlanta Speedway Airport In late 2015 Atlanta Motor Speedway announced that they would install SAFER barrier around the whole of the outside and large portions of the inside around the track. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atlanta Motor Speedway In early September 2004, Atlanta Motor Speedway found another use: it became a shelter for evacuees from Florida fleeing Hurricane Frances. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atlanta Motor Speedway From 1984 to 2004, Henry County was a Republican stronghold, consistent with several Atlanta suburbs, as well as other suburban areas across the country. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Henry County, Georgia Strong margins in Henry County and other Atlanta suburbs were vital to Republicans' performance, offsetting strongly Democratic Black voters in Atlanta proper. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Henry County, Georgia Henry County has been called "The Cradle of the Wiregrass". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Henry County, Alabama Texas Motor Speedway is a quad-oval design, where the front straightaway juts outward slightly. The track layout is similar to Atlanta Motor Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Texas Motor Speedway The EchoPark 250 is a NASCAR Xfinity Series stock car race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia, a few miles south of Atlanta. This race has long served as Atlanta's lone Busch/Nationwide Series date, and has been shuffled around the schedule several times. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) EchoPark 250 It was also known as Henry County Airport from 2013 to 2017. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atlanta Speedway Airport Henry County paid just $2.7 million toward the purchase price, with the Federal Aviation Administration and the Georgia Department of Transportation funding the balance of $15 million. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atlanta Speedway Airport In 2004 and 2005, the similarly designed Texas Motor Speedway saw slightly faster qualifying times, and as the tracks' respective racing surfaces have worn, qualifying speeds at Texas have become consistently faster than at Atlanta. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atlanta Motor Speedway Henry County comprises the Paris, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Tennessee Per the 2010 census, the population of Henry County is 203,922. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia The Henry County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia In 1995, Henry County was the sixth-fastest-growing county in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia In the beginning Henry County was a virgin wilderness, having just been ceded from the Creek Nation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia Prior to 1984, Henry County had a presidential voting pattern typical of any other Solid South county in Georgia, consistently awarding landslide margins to Democrats. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia Local public schools are operated by the Henry County Schools. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Georgia The race was 500.5 miles (805.5 km) in length. In August 2010, Atlanta Motor Speedway announced that they would no longer run the spring race, instead choosing to focus on the Labor Day weekend race at the track beginning in 2011. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Ohio Henry County is part of Indiana's 6th congressional district; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Virginia In 1790, Patrick Henry County was split again: the western part became Patrick County and the rest remained Henry County. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Virginia The company's headquarters are located at Charlotte Motor Speedway, just north of Charlotte, NC in Concord, NC. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Speedway Motorsports Much of Henry County was within the Alabama wiregrass region. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Alabama After Houston County was formed in 1903, Henry County had become the smallest in geographic area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Alabama The white majority keeps Henry County as a predominately Republican county. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Alabama Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in Henry County, Alabama --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Alabama The white majority keeps Henry County as a predominately Republican county. The last Democratic presidential candidate to carry the county was favorite son Jimmy Carter of Georgia in 1980. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Alabama Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Illinois Henry County was formed on January 13, 1825 out of Fulton County, Illinois. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Henry County, Illinois Although the airport is located in Henry County, it was owned and operated by Clayton County to the north from 1992 until 2011. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Speedway Airport The airport was renamed Atlanta South Regional Airport, which was approved by the airport board of commissioners in December 2011, and was approved by the GDOT and the FAA before it went into effect. It was also known as Henry County Airport from 2013 to 2017. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Speedway Airport 2021 will mark a return to two NASCAR Cup Series weekends, but also because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the Speedway, in Henry County, has been able to host events traditionally held in Fulton County. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Motor Speedway American Flat Track would move the Atlanta round from Dixie Speedway to the Speedway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Motor Speedway Atlanta Motor Speedway (formerly Atlanta International Raceway) is a 1.54-mile race track in Hampton, Georgia, United States, 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta. It has annually hosted NASCAR Cup Series stock car races since its inauguration in 1960. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Motor Speedway 2021 will mark a return to two NASCAR Cup Series weekends, but also because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the Speedway, in Henry County, has been able to host events traditionally held in Fulton County. In November 2020, the Atlanta Track Club announced that the Publix Atlanta Marathon would move from downtown Atlanta to the Speedway premises. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlanta Motor Speedway Henry was born in Hanover County, Virginia, and was for the most part educated at home. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Patrick Henry The freeholders of Henry County soon thereafter sent its eponym to the House of Delegates. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Patrick Henry The Credit Karma Money 250 is a NASCAR Xfinity Series race at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. It was introduced in 2021 as a support event to the NASCAR Cup Series' Quaker State 400.The race is one of two Xfinity dates at Atlanta along with the EchoPark 250 in the spring. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Credit Karma Money 250 National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Tennessee --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Tennessee The Henry County Board of Commissioners is responsible for administering county government to residents. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Georgia Henry County operates its own reservation-based transit service for use by county residents. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Georgia The Henry Herald and the Henry County Times are the local county news print media. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Georgia Per the 2010 census, the population of Henry County is 203,922. The county seat is McDonough. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Georgia The 2021 Quaker State 400 was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on July 11, 2021, at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. Contested over 260 laps on the 1.54-mile-long (2.48 km) asphalt quad-oval intermediate speedway, it was the 21st race of the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series season. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2021 Quaker State 400 Prior to 1912, Henry County was a stronghold Democratic county in presidential elections. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Ohio National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Ohio --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Ohio Henry County is a county located in east central Indiana, United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is the main setting of the novel Raintree County by Ross Lockridge, Jr. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Indiana National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Indiana --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Indiana Henry County collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Kentucky National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Kentucky --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Kentucky Henry County is part of the Martinsville, VA Micropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Virginia As an independent city since 1928, Martinsville is not part of Henry County, but exists as an enclave, surrounded by the county. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Virginia National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Virginia --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Virginia Later AAA and USAC races were held at Lakewood Speedway, a dirt oval in Atlanta. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atlanta 500 Classic SMI was finally victorious in their pursuit, with Kentucky Speedway receiving its inaugural Sprint Cup race on July 9, 2011. It appears this came at the expense of SMI-owned Atlanta Motor Speedway, which dropped from two races to one on the 2011 Sprint Cup schedule. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Speedway Motorsports It appears this came at the expense of SMI-owned Atlanta Motor Speedway, which dropped from two races to one on the 2011 Sprint Cup schedule. It was announced in September 2020 that Kentucky Speedway would not return for the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series schedule, and its date would be given back to Atlanta Motor Speedway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Speedway Motorsports Henry County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Henry County is part of the Dothan, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama The area that includes Henry County had historically been occupied by people of the Lower Creek Confederacy, who now prefer to be known as the Muscogee. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Henry County was established on December 13, 1819 by the Alabama Territorial Legislature. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama The sixth was Bullock County, which was created with the southern tip of the county indirectly coming from Old Henry. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama The last county was Houston County; 72% of its land area was carved from Henry. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Henry County elected Democrat Dexter Grimsley to represent it in the Alabama House of Representatives. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Alabama --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Henry County was formed before Alabama was organized as a state. Abbeville was designated as the county seat in 1833. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Henry County has been called "The Cradle of the Wiregrass". She is The Mother of nine other counties. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Alabama Texas Motor Speedway is a quad-oval design, where the front straightaway juts outward slightly. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Texas Motor Speedway SMI's customary track naming convention had planned to have the "Motor Speedway" as part of the name. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Texas Motor Speedway National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Illinois --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Henry County, Illinois He sold Scotchtown in 1777, and moved to Leatherwood Plantation in Henry County, which the General Assembly had just created and named for him. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Patrick Henry Henry was in Richmond for the autumn legislative session as delegate for Prince Edward County. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Patrick Henry In Henry's will, he left his estates and his 67 slaves to be divided between his wife and his six sons. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Patrick Henry A plaque placed by the Daughters of the American Revolution marks the site of Leatherwood, in Henry County. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Patrick Henry Henry County is a county located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and is considered part of West Tennessee. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Tennessee The county is named for the Virginia orator Patrick Henry. Henry County comprises the Paris, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Tennessee The Henry County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1995, Henry County was the sixth-fastest-growing county in the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Georgia In August 2010, Atlanta Motor Speedway announced that they would no longer run the spring race, instead choosing to focus on the Labor Day weekend race at the track beginning in 2011. The end of the Atlanta 500 permitted the addition of a race at Kentucky Speedway starting in 2011, primarily from litigation by Kentucky's former owners and a settlement of that trial. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 28,215. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Ohio Henry County was formed in 1822 from the Delaware New Purchase resulting from the Treaty of St. Mary's in 1818. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is a county located in east central Indiana, United States. As of 2010, the population was 49,462. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky bordering the Kentucky River. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Kentucky The county was founded in 1798 from portions of Shelby County. It was named for the statesman and governor of Virginia Patrick Henry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Kentucky The new county was initially named Patrick Henry County in honor of Patrick Henry, who was then serving as the first Governor of Virginia, and some of whose relatives had settled in the area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Virginia During the War of 1812, the 64th Virginia Militia, under Captain Graves, was formed in 1815 from Henry County. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Virginia "During the American Civil War, the 42nd Virginia Infantry was formed in part from Henry County volunteers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Virginia Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 54,151. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Virginia Bruton Smith began building SMI in the 1950s when he worked as a race promoter and eventually built Charlotte Motor Speedway in 1959. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports In 1996, SMI began to quickly expand, acquiring two additional facilities; Bristol Motor Speedway and Sonoma Raceway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports A year later, the company finished construction of the $250 million, 150,000 seat Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports In 1999 SMI outbid rival International Speedway Corporation (ISC) to purchase Las Vegas Motor Speedway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports SMI purchased North Wilkesboro Speedway and New Hampshire Motor Speedway in 2007, and in 2008 purchased Kentucky Speedway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports SMI closed North Carolina Speedway and moved the track's final race date to Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Speedway Motorsports Between 1763 and 1783, the area that is now Henry County, Alabama was under the jurisdiction of the colony of British West Florida. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Alabama When Barbour County was created, Henry County gained a small parcel of land from the White Oak Creek area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Alabama Much of Henry County was within the Alabama wiregrass region. Henry County was established on December 13, 1819 by the Alabama Territorial Legislature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Alabama December 6, 1866 - The sixth was Bullock County, which was created with the southern tip of the county indirectly coming from Old Henry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Alabama 2011 (spring): First scheduled night event in Cup Series history at Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Texas Motor Speedway On June 14, 1997 Texas Motor Speedway hosted the Fruit of the Loom CountryFest for an estimated 185,000 spectators. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Texas Motor Speedway Henry County is included in the Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Illinois The incoming "Yankee" settlers made Henry County culturally similar to early New England culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Illinois Henry County's political history is fairly typical of many Yankee-settled rural counties in Illinois. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Henry County, Illinois The Henry County Board of Commissioners agreed to the purchase at a meeting on July 13, 2011, and the sale was completed in August 2011. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atlanta Speedway Airport The Henry County Board of Commissioners agreed to the purchase at a meeting on July 13, 2011, and the sale was completed in August 2011. Henry County paid just $2.7 million toward the purchase price, with the Federal Aviation Administration and the Georgia Department of Transportation funding the balance of $15 million. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atlanta Speedway Airport In November 2020, the Atlanta Track Club announced that the Publix Atlanta Marathon would move from downtown Atlanta to the Speedway premises. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atlanta Motor Speedway Henry was born on the family farm, Studley, in Hanover County in the Colony of Virginia, on May 29, 1736. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry The Henry family moved to a new house on his Louisa County property, probably in late 1765, and lived there until 1769, when he returned to Hanover County. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry According to George Mason, a former burgess from Fairfax County, who joined the committee in the work, Henry took the lead. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry Henry sold his property in Prince Edward County in 1792, moving with his family to Long Island, a plantation in Campbell County. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry The freeholders of Henry County soon thereafter sent its eponym to the House of Delegates. But within weeks, health problems recurred, causing his return to Leatherwood. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry He was buried at Red Hill. In Henry's will, he left his estates and his 67 slaves to be divided between his wife and his six sons. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Patrick Henry The Creek Indians left their mark through place names, a few small Indian Mounds scattered around the County and through the arrowheads and broken pottery which can be found throughout Henry County. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Georgia From 1984 to 2004, Henry County was a Republican stronghold, consistent with several Atlanta suburbs, as well as other suburban areas across the country. Strong margins in Henry County and other Atlanta suburbs were vital to Republicans' performance, offsetting strongly Democratic Black voters in Atlanta proper. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Georgia Henry County operates its own reservation-based transit service for use by county residents. In addition, Xpress, a regional commuter bus service operated by the Georgia Regional Transportation Authority, serves park-and-ride lots in Stockbridge, Hampton, and McDonough. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Georgia The end of the Atlanta 500 permitted the addition of a race at Kentucky Speedway starting in 2011, primarily from litigation by Kentucky's former owners and a settlement of that trial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) On September 30, 2020, Speedway Motorsports announced Kentucky would lose its Cup race and the event be moved back to Atlanta, to be held July 11, 2021. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) Henry County is part of Indiana's 6th congressional district; Indiana Senate district 28; and Indiana House of Representatives districts 54 and 56. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Indiana It was named for the statesman and governor of Virginia Patrick Henry. Henry County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Kentucky The county was established in 1777 when it was carved from Pittsylvania County. The new county was initially named Patrick Henry County in honor of Patrick Henry, who was then serving as the first Governor of Virginia, and some of whose relatives had settled in the area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Virginia The company's purchases and closures of the tracks in order to obtain a second NASCAR date for Texas Motor Speedway led to the Ferko lawsuit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports SMI moved one of North Wilkesboro Speedway's dates to Texas Motor Speedway and Bob Bahre moved the second date to his facility. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports On November 2, 2007, SMI announced the purchase of New Hampshire International Speedway from Bob Bahre, and renamed the facility New Hampshire Motor Speedway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports The company's headquarters are located at Charlotte Motor Speedway, just north of Charlotte, NC in Concord, NC. Speedway Motorsports owns nine racing facilities with a combined seating capacity of approximately 885,000. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports Speedway Motorsports didn't officially incorporate until 1994. Bruton Smith began building SMI in the 1950s when he worked as a race promoter and eventually built Charlotte Motor Speedway in 1959. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports Texas Motor Speedway, Inc. OtherSpeedway Systems LLC d/b/a Finish Line Events --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Speedway Motorsports December 28, 1868 - The eighth county to be created was Geneva County which was formed, in part, from Henry, Dale and Coffee counties. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama Henry County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2010 census, its population was 17,302. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama The former river port served Abbeville on the Chattahoochee River. Much of Henry County was within the Alabama wiregrass region. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama The area was ceded by the Creek Indian Nation in 1814 under the Treaty of Fort Jackson. Henry County was formed before Alabama was organized as a state. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama February 9, 1903 - The last county was Houston County; 72% of its land area was carved from Henry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama The last county was Houston County; 72% of its land area was carved from Henry. The balance came from Dale and Geneva counties. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Alabama Texas Motor Speedway is home to the Cup Series' Autotrader EchoPark Automotive 500, as well as the exhibition NASCAR --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Texas Motor Speedway Jeff Burton (1997) and Dale Earnhardt, Jr (2000) both earned their first Cup win at Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Texas Motor Speedway On June 21, 1997 Texas Motor Speedway hosted the Blockbuster Rock Fest where an estimated 385,000 fans bought tickets and attended. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Texas Motor Speedway The Traxxas TORC Series held the series' first off-road racing event in 2009 at Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Texas Motor Speedway Henry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. The 2010 United States Census, listed its population at 50,486. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Henry County, Illinois Although the airport is located in Henry County, it was owned and operated by Clayton County to the north from 1992 until 2011. It is not near most of that county, except for its very small southern tip. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Speedway Airport The 2009 move from an October race date to Labor Day weekend was also accompanied by a change in start time, marking the first NASCAR Cup Series under the lights at Atlanta Motor Speedway and the return of Labor Day weekend NASCAR racing to the Southern United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Motor Speedway Atlanta Motor Speedway has also opened their campgrounds to evacuees of Hurricane Irma in 2017, Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael in 2018, and Hurricane Dorian in 2019.In 2005, the speedway received heavy damage on the evening of July 6, caused by an F2 tornado spawned from the remains of Hurricane Cindy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Motor Speedway Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter once worked as a ticket taker at the track, and attended several races there as Georgia governor and as U.S. president. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Motor Speedway The track hosted a NASCAR Cup Series race weekend annually on Labor Day weekend from 2009 to 2014. The 2009 move from an October race date to Labor Day weekend was also accompanied by a change in start time, marking the first NASCAR Cup Series under the lights at Atlanta Motor Speedway and the return of Labor Day weekend NASCAR racing to the Southern United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Motor Speedway In early September 2004, Atlanta Motor Speedway found another use: it became a shelter for evacuees from Florida fleeing Hurricane Frances. While there were no indoor facilities available, visitors waited out the extremely slow-moving storm parked in their recreational vehicles, after creeping along for hours in traffic on nearby Interstate 75. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atlanta Motor Speedway In 1765, William Johnson, the brother of Thomas Johnson (who had been one of Henry's clients in the Parson's Cause), resigned as burgess for Louisa County. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Patrick Henry Henry had departed for Philadelphia, having been elected a delegate to the Second Continental Congress, but a messenger caught up with him before he left Hanover County, and he returned to take command of the local militia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Patrick Henry Turning down an offer from President Adams to make him an envoy to France, Henry was elected as delegate from Charlotte County on March 4, 1799. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Patrick Henry She brought 12 slaves with her, adding to the 30 Patrick Henry already had. He sold Scotchtown in 1777, and moved to Leatherwood Plantation in Henry County, which the General Assembly had just created and named for him. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Patrick Henry Henry County is a county located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and is considered part of West Tennessee. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,330. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Tennessee Jesse Johnson, son of John Johnson and great-grandfather of U.S. President Lyndon Baines Johnson, was a "first settler" of Henry County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Georgia In the beginning Henry County was a virgin wilderness, having just been ceded from the Creek Nation. Prior to 1821, the Creeks and a few trappers and traders were the only residents of this area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Georgia Prior to 1984, Henry County had a presidential voting pattern typical of any other Solid South county in Georgia, consistently awarding landslide margins to Democrats. In 1920, it was one of three counties in the state (alongside Bleckley and Columbia) to give 100% of the vote to Democratic nominee James M. Cox. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Georgia Strong margins in Henry County and other Atlanta suburbs were vital to Republicans' performance, offsetting strongly Democratic Black voters in Atlanta proper. Republican dominance peaked in 1988, when George H.W. Bush won 71.11% of the vote to Michael Dukakis' 28.41%, a 42.7% margin of victory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Georgia Rick Allen, Jeff Burton, Steve Letarte and 2004 Atlanta winner Dale Earnhardt Jr. called the race from the broadcast booth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2021 Quaker State 400 Henry County has a three-member Board of County Commissioners that oversee the various county departments, similar to 85 of the other 88 Ohio counties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Ohio Henry County has a three-member Board of County Commissioners that oversee the various county departments, similar to 85 of the other 88 Ohio counties. Henry County's elected officials include: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Ohio The county seat and largest and only city is New Castle. Henry County is the main setting of the novel Raintree County by Ross Lockridge, Jr. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Indiana Henry County was formed in 1822 from the Delaware New Purchase resulting from the Treaty of St. Mary's in 1818. It was named for Patriot Patrick Henry, governor of Virginia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Indiana Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county. Henry County is part of Indiana's 6th congressional district; --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Indiana Henry County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Since the 1990s, it has become an increasingly important exurb, especially as land prices have become higher in neighboring Oldham County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Kentucky Captain Robert Hairston, a noted politician in the Colony of Virginia, owned Marrowbone plantation, commanded a militia company and served as Henry County's first high sheriff. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Virginia During the War of 1812, the 64th Virginia Militia, under Captain Graves, was formed in 1815 from Henry County. Benjamin Dyer was a lieutenant, then later a captain, of the 5th company of the 64th Virginia Militia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Virginia In 1996, the company purchased half interest in North Wilkesboro Speedway in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina along with Bob Bahre of New Hampshire International Speedway (now New Hampshire Motor Speedway). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Speedway Motorsports Bruton Smith began building SMI in the 1950s when he worked as a race promoter and eventually built Charlotte Motor Speedway in 1959. Smith left the racing business in the early 1960s to pursue other business ventures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Speedway Motorsports In 2004, as a result of the Ferko lawsuit, SMI gained ownership of the North Carolina Speedway in Rockingham, North Carolina. SMI closed North Carolina Speedway and moved the track's final race date to Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Speedway Motorsports Henry County is among the 805 counties where lynchings took place that is memorialized in the new National Memorial for Peace and Justice, which opened in April 2018 in Montgomery, Alabama. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Alabama In 1968, Henry County voted for the independent candidate, Alabama governor George Wallace, giving Republican Richard Nixon only 1.59 percent of the county's vote. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Alabama The county was named for Patrick Henry (1736–1799), famous orator and Governor of Virginia. Henry County is part of the Dothan, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Alabama The area that includes Henry County had historically been occupied by people of the Lower Creek Confederacy, who now prefer to be known as the Muscogee. It was occupied for thousands of years before that by varying cultures of indigenous peoples who settled primarily along the waterways. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Alabama Henry County was established on December 13, 1819 by the Alabama Territorial Legislature. The area was ceded by the Creek Indian Nation in 1814 under the Treaty of Fort Jackson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Alabama On October 13, 2000, Tony Roper was racing in the Craftsman Truck Series O'Reilly 400 at Texas Motor Speedway when he attempted to pass Steve Grissom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway In 2014, Texas Motor Speedway did not sell tickets on the backstretch for either of its NASCAR Cup Series races, reducing the seating capacity of the track to 112,552. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway The first annual Christian alt-rock festival FortyFest was held at the Texas Motor Speedway "Little Texas" facility in August 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway Texas Motor Speedway is a speedway located in the northernmost portion of the U.S. city of Fort Worth, Texas – the portion located in Denton County, Texas. The reconfigured track measures 1.44 miles (2.32 km) with banked 20° in turns 1 and 2 and banked 24° in turns 3 and 4. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway Texas Motor Speedway is home to the Cup Series' Autotrader EchoPark Automotive 500, as well as the exhibition NASCAR All-Star Race. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway For a short time during construction in September 1996, the track's name was changed to Texas International Raceway. SMI's customary track naming convention had planned to have the "Motor Speedway" as part of the name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Texas Motor Speedway The Fr8Auctions 200 is a NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway from 2004 until 2012, and returned to the schedule in 2015 as part of the Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 weekend, where the track held a same-day doubleheader with the NASCAR Xfinity Series' EchoPark 250. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fr8Auctions 200 Its county seat is Cambridge. Henry County is included in the Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Henry County, Illinois It was known as Clayton County Airport – Tara Field, which was the name still used by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) until 2011. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Speedway Airport At its July 12, 2011, meeting, the Clayton County Board of Commissioners voted to sell the airport to Henry County in a deal worth $17.7 million. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Speedway Airport The Henry County Board of Commissioners voted Tuesday, December 4, 2012, to move forward with the runway expansion project, which extended the runway to 5,500 feet and widened it by 25 feet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Speedway Airport The track was used as a filming location for the 2017 heist comedy film Logan Lucky as a stand-in for Charlotte Motor Speedway for some scenes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Motor Speedway Atlanta Motor Speedway has also opened their campgrounds to evacuees of Hurricane Irma in 2017, Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael in 2018, and Hurricane Dorian in 2019.In 2005, the speedway received heavy damage on the evening of July 6, caused by an F2 tornado spawned from the remains of Hurricane Cindy. Roofs and facades were torn off buildings and the scoring pylon was toppled. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlanta Motor Speedway Settling in Hanover County in about 1732, John Henry married Sarah Winston Syme, a wealthy widow from a prominent local family of English ancestry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Henry was chosen as one of seven delegates, tying for second place with Washington, burgess for Fairfax County, both receiving three votes less than Randolph. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Hanover County elected Henry as a delegate to the Second Virginia Convention, which convened at St. John's Episcopal Church in the town of Richmond on March 20, 1775. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Madison believed that Henry took the position for family reasons—his wife and children were likely quite happy to be in Richmond rather than in remote Henry County—but the cost was Henry's bill as Madison got it postponed to the following year and eventually defeated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Disinclined to return to distant Leatherwood after his time as governor ended in November 1786, Henry hoped to purchase land in Hanover County but bought property in Prince Edward County instead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry In 1794 Henry purchased Red Hill near Brookneal, Virginia in Charlotte County, where he and his family lived much of the year, though they moved to Long Island in the "sickly season". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Henry was born in Hanover County, Virginia, and was for the most part educated at home. After an unsuccessful venture running a store, and assisting his father-in-law at Hanover Tavern, Henry became a lawyer through self-study. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry There was then no academy in Hanover County, and he was tutored at home by his father. The young Henry engaged in the typical recreations of the times, such as music and dancing, and was particularly fond of hunting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry According to George Mason, a former burgess from Fairfax County, who joined the committee in the work, Henry took the lead. Mason and Henry would form a close political relationship that would last until Mason's death in 1792. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Dunmore's actions outraged many Virginians. Henry had departed for Philadelphia, having been elected a delegate to the Second Continental Congress, but a messenger caught up with him before he left Hanover County, and he returned to take command of the local militia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Henry was in Richmond for the autumn legislative session as delegate for Prince Edward County. While thanking Washington for presiding in Philadelphia and for sending the document, he said of it, "I have to lament that I cannot bring my Mind to accord with the proposed Constitution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry In Henry's will, he left his estates and his 67 slaves to be divided between his wife and his six sons. He did not free any slaves, despite his speeches against enslavement by tyrants and despite his various comments opposing the institution of slavery itself. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry The site of his birthplace, which burned in 1807 and is now reduced to archaeological remains, is also preserved; it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A plaque placed by the Daughters of the American Revolution marks the site of Leatherwood, in Henry County. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry A plaque placed by the Daughters of the American Revolution marks the site of Leatherwood, in Henry County. Henry helped found Hampden-Sydney College, believing that "every free state" should promote "useful knowledge amongst its citizens". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Patrick Henry Henry County comprises the Paris, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area. West Tennessee lands and commodity culture were associated with the lowlands and delta of the Mississippi River, which created fertile areas that supported cotton culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Tennessee Henry's original land area was much larger than it is today, stretching from near Indian Springs (present-day Indian Springs State Park) in the south to the Chattahoochee River near Sandy Springs in the north; encompassing most of present-day Metropolitan Atlanta. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Georgia The first Republican to win Henry County was Richard Nixon in 1972, doing so with 77.93% of the vote, though it returned to the Democratic column when native Georgian Jimmy Carter won it in 1976 and 1980. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Georgia Prior to 1821, the Creeks and a few trappers and traders were the only residents of this area. The Creek Indians left their mark through place names, a few small Indian Mounds scattered around the County and through the arrowheads and broken pottery which can be found throughout Henry County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Georgia Jesse Johnson, son of John Johnson and great-grandfather of U.S. President Lyndon Baines Johnson, was a "first settler" of Henry County. He was a prosperous farmer, the second sheriff (1822–1835), and judge, before he moved to Texas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Georgia The Henry County Board of Commissioners is responsible for administering county government to residents. Four commissioners are elected by voters in individual districts, while the commission chairman is elected countywide and serves as the county's chief executive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Georgia NBC Sports covered the race on the television side. Rick Allen, Jeff Burton, Steve Letarte and 2004 Atlanta winner Dale Earnhardt Jr. called the race from the broadcast booth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2021 Quaker State 400 Henry County Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) east of the central business district of Napoleon, Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Ohio Prior to 1912, Henry County was a stronghold Democratic county in presidential elections. From 1912 to 1936, it was a bellwether county, but starting with the 1940 election, it has become a Republican stronghold with Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 being the lone Democrat to win since then. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Ohio Henry County Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) east of the central business district of Napoleon, Ohio. It is owned by the Henry County Airport Authority. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Ohio The county was established in 1777 when it was carved from Pittsylvania County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Virginia In 1902, the Henry County Historical Society was incorporated at Martinsville with its first officers being John W. Carter, J. Harrison Spencer and C. B. Bryant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Virginia He was 1st Cpl. in Captain Brice Edward's Company, 64th Regiment, Virginia Militia. "During the American Civil War, the 42nd Virginia Infantry was formed in part from Henry County volunteers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Virginia That same year, SMI sold the naming rights of its flagship Charlotte Motor Speedway to Lowe's, a $35 million deal that would last until 2009.Until 1999, Speedway Motorsports was the top track owner in the motorsports industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports In 1996, SMI began to quickly expand, acquiring two additional facilities; Bristol Motor Speedway and Sonoma Raceway. A year later, the company finished construction of the $250 million, 150,000 seat Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports A year later, the company finished construction of the $250 million, 150,000 seat Texas Motor Speedway. Between 1993 and 1998, SMI had increased its total seating capacity from 176,000 to 551,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports Between 1993 and 1998, SMI had increased its total seating capacity from 176,000 to 551,000. In 1999 SMI outbid rival International Speedway Corporation (ISC) to purchase Las Vegas Motor Speedway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports In 1999 SMI outbid rival International Speedway Corporation (ISC) to purchase Las Vegas Motor Speedway. Smith had outbid ISC by $15 million to make a total $215 million purchase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports SMI purchased North Wilkesboro Speedway and New Hampshire Motor Speedway in 2007, and in 2008 purchased Kentucky Speedway. Today SMI owns nine racing facilities, eight of which are used to host major racing series including NASCAR, IndyCar and NHRA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports SMI has a history of purchasing tracks to obtain NASCAR race dates. The company's purchases and closures of the tracks in order to obtain a second NASCAR date for Texas Motor Speedway led to the Ferko lawsuit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Speedway Motorsports After Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, it took over this area. Between 1763 and 1783, the area that is now Henry County, Alabama was under the jurisdiction of the colony of British West Florida. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Alabama Between 1763 and 1783, the area that is now Henry County, Alabama was under the jurisdiction of the colony of British West Florida. The United States acquired it from Britain after gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Alabama December 18, 1832 - The fourth county to be created was Barbour County which was formed, in part, from Pike County. When Barbour County was created, Henry County gained a small parcel of land from the White Oak Creek area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Alabama Texas Motor Speedway made an unsuccessful overture to move the annual Texas-Oklahoma rivalry football game from the Cotton Bowl to the infield of the modern racing facility in 2004. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Texas Motor Speedway SMI's customary track naming convention had planned to have the "Motor Speedway" as part of the name. However, in August 1996, a small quarter-mile dirt raceway in Alvin, Texas (now known as Texas Thunder Speedway) had filed suit to use the name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Texas Motor Speedway Ongoing classes and events are held regularly at the facility, such as the Texas Driving Experience and Team Texas. The Traxxas TORC Series held the series' first off-road racing event in 2009 at Texas Motor Speedway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Texas Motor Speedway The Traxxas TORC Series held the series' first off-road racing event in 2009 at Texas Motor Speedway. The 0.4 mile clay oval at the facility was transformed by adding jumps and whoops. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Texas Motor Speedway In 1964, when the Republican Party nominated the Southern-oriented Barry Goldwater, Henry County voted Democratic for the first time since 1852, but as was typical for Yankee counties it returned to the Republicans with the selection of the more moderate Richard Nixon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Illinois Henry County was formed on January 13, 1825 out of Fulton County, Illinois. It is named for Patrick Henry, Revolutionary War firebrand and champion of individual rights, to whom the slogan "give me liberty, or give me death" is attributed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Illinois Henry County's political history is fairly typical of many Yankee-settled rural counties in Illinois. After being largely Democratic in its first few elections, the county turned powerfully Republican for the 110 years following the formation of that party. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Henry County, Illinois At its July 12, 2011, meeting, the Clayton County Board of Commissioners voted to sell the airport to Henry County in a deal worth $17.7 million. The Henry County Board of Commissioners agreed to the purchase at a meeting on July 13, 2011, and the sale was completed in August 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Speedway Airport The venue was bought by Speedway Motorsports in 1990. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Motor Speedway This race would be known as the Atlanta Super TT. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Motor Speedway The track was featured in the 1982 Kenny Rogers movie Six Pack. Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter once worked as a ticket taker at the track, and attended several races there as Georgia governor and as U.S. president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Motor Speedway The track was used as a filming location for the 2017 heist comedy film Logan Lucky as a stand-in for Charlotte Motor Speedway for some scenes. The outside barriers were repainted yellow to resemble those of the Charlotte track. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlanta Motor Speedway The answer from the few who knew him was, it is Patrick Henry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry After the birth of their sixth child in 1771, Patrick's wife Sarah Shelton Henry began to exhibit symptoms of mental illness, and one reason for the move from Louisa County to Scotchtown was so they could be near family members. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Although Dunmore issued a proclamation against "a certain Patrick Henry, of the County of Hanover, and a Number of his deluded Followers", 15 county committees quickly approved Henry's action, and when he finally departed for Philadelphia, he was escorted to the Potomac by militia who lined the shore, cheering, as his ferry pulled away. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry moved to organize his regiment, and had no difficulty recruiting men. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry When the draft was debated, Henry, at the request of a young delegate from Orange County, James Madison, produced an amendment changing Mason's call for religious tolerance to one requiring full freedom of worship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry rode with the troops, though he did not lead them, and they were generally successful in suppressing the resistance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry But on learning Henry was with the group, she decided it must be all right, and offered them the best she had. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry also introduced legislation to permit Loyalists to return to Virginia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry During this time, Henry and his family lived at "Salisbury", in Chesterfield County, about 13 miles (21 km) from Richmond in open country that he rented, though he had an official residence close to the Virginia Capitol, which was then under construction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry refused the appointment, alleging it would be difficult financially. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry The tributes to Henry upon his death were many. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Several of Henry's homes are recognized for their association with him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Patrick Henry shared his name with his uncle, an Anglican minister, and until the elder Patrick's death in 1777 often went as Patrick Henry Jr. Henry attended a local school until about the age of 10. There was then no academy in Hanover County, and he was tutored at home by his father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry The Henry family moved to a new house on his Louisa County property, probably in late 1765, and lived there until 1769, when he returned to Hanover County. His law practice remained strong until the courts under royal authority closed in 1774. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry In 1773, Henry came into conflict with the royal governor, John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore. The governor, appointed in 1771, had sent British soldiers to Pittsylvania County to aid in apprehending a gang of counterfeiters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Who is it?' The answer from the few who knew him was, it is Patrick Henry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Hanover County elected Henry as a delegate to the Second Virginia Convention, which convened at St. John's Episcopal Church in the town of Richmond on March 20, 1775. Richmond was selected as better protected from royal authority. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry did not sit in the Fourth Virginia Convention which met in December 1775, as he was ineligible because of his military commission. Once he was again a civilian, the freeholders of Hanover County in April 1776 elected him to the fifth convention, to meet the following month. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Henry was appointed to a committee under the leadership of Archibald Cary. Much of the work fell to the final appointee to the committee, George Mason of Fairfax County, who did not arrive in Williamsburg until May 18, delayed by illness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry He sold Scotchtown in 1777, and moved to Leatherwood Plantation in Henry County, which the General Assembly had just created and named for him. When Washington and his troops encamped at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777–1778, Henry arranged for livestock and other food to be sent to their relief. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry When Governor Jefferson sent a note to him in early 1780, Henry replied with gratitude, complaining of his isolation, and wrote of his many concerns about the state of affairs, as the war continued. The freeholders of Henry County soon thereafter sent its eponym to the House of Delegates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry After the raid, he took refuge at his farm in Bedford County, and Virginia had no governor for ten days. Several legislators complained of Jefferson's actions and called for an inquiry into the conduct of the executive (Jefferson and his council), and Henry was among those who took the lead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Madison believed that Henry took the position for family reasons—his wife and children were likely quite happy to be in Richmond rather than in remote Henry County—but the cost was Henry's bill as Madison got it postponed to the following year and eventually defeated. Instead, Madison got Jefferson's Statute for Religious Freedom through the legislature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry It was, generally, more placid than his first. During this time, Henry and his family lived at "Salisbury", in Chesterfield County, about 13 miles (21 km) from Richmond in open country that he rented, though he had an official residence close to the Virginia Capitol, which was then under construction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry A former delegate, Arthur Campbell, wanted to join Virginia's adjacent Washington County as part of the scheme in 1785. Henry had Campbell removed as a militia officer and from his other county offices, as well as ousting Campbell's supporters, replacing them with residents of known loyalty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Disinclined to return to distant Leatherwood after his time as governor ended in November 1786, Henry hoped to purchase land in Hanover County but bought property in Prince Edward County instead. Hampden-Sydney College, which he had helped found in 1775, is located in that county, and Henry enrolled his sons there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry When the Philadelphia convention adjourned in September 1787, its president, Washington, returned home and immediately sent a copy of the new Constitution to Henry, recommending he support it. Henry was in Richmond for the autumn legislative session as delegate for Prince Edward County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Patrick Henry Its county seat is Paris. The county is named for the Virginia orator Patrick Henry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry County, Tennessee The county seat is McDonough. The county was named for Patrick Henry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry County, Georgia Rick Allen, Jeff Burton, Steve Letarte and 2004 Atlanta winner Dale Earnhardt Jr. called the race from the broadcast booth. Dave Burns, Marty Snider and Dillon Welch handled the pit road duties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2021 Quaker State 400 On September 30, 2020, Speedway Motorsports announced Kentucky would lose its Cup race and the event be moved back to Atlanta, to be held July 11, 2021. The race will only be 400 miles (260 laps), owing to Shell's prior sponsorship agreements and the first since 1966 to be held at the track at 400.4 miles (644.4 km). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quaker State 400 (Atlanta) As of the 2010 census, the population was 54,151. The county seat is usually identified as Martinsville; however, the administration building (where county offices are located and where the board of supervisors holds meetings), county courthouse, Henry County Sheriff's Office and its jail are located on Kings Mountain Road (SR 174) in Collinsville. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry County, Virginia "During the American Civil War, the 42nd Virginia Infantry was formed in part from Henry County volunteers. Its state senator, Christopher Y. Thomas, owned Henry's former Leatherwood plantation and would later briefly serve in the U.S. House of Representatives after the war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry County, Virginia Smith incorporated Speedway Motorsports in December 1994, and on February 24, 1995 took the company public by offering shares of stock, debuting at $18 per share. In 1996, SMI began to quickly expand, acquiring two additional facilities; Bristol Motor Speedway and Sonoma Raceway. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Speedway Motorsports Smith had outbid ISC by $15 million to make a total $215 million purchase. That same year, SMI sold the naming rights of its flagship Charlotte Motor Speedway to Lowe's, a $35 million deal that would last until 2009.Until 1999, Speedway Motorsports was the top track owner in the motorsports industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Speedway Motorsports That same year, SMI sold the naming rights of its flagship Charlotte Motor Speedway to Lowe's, a $35 million deal that would last until 2009.Until 1999, Speedway Motorsports was the top track owner in the motorsports industry. That year, International Speedway Corporation, then the second largest track owner, acquired Penske Motorsports, then the third largest track owner. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Speedway Motorsports In 1996, the company purchased half interest in North Wilkesboro Speedway in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina along with Bob Bahre of New Hampshire International Speedway (now New Hampshire Motor Speedway). SMI moved one of North Wilkesboro Speedway's dates to Texas Motor Speedway and Bob Bahre moved the second date to his facility. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Speedway Motorsports In 1968, Henry County voted for the independent candidate, Alabama governor George Wallace, giving Republican Richard Nixon only 1.59 percent of the county's vote. Henry County elected Democrat Dexter Grimsley to represent it in the Alabama House of Representatives. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Henry County, Alabama The reconfigured track measures 1.44 miles (2.32 km) with banked 20° in turns 1 and 2 and banked 24° in turns 3 and 4. Texas Motor Speedway is a quad-oval design, where the front straightaway juts outward slightly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Texas Motor Speedway On October 13, 2000, Tony Roper was racing in the Craftsman Truck Series O'Reilly 400 at Texas Motor Speedway when he attempted to pass Steve Grissom. However, another truck veered up the racetrack in the tri-oval, forcing Roper to evade, turning him into Grissom's front bumper. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Texas Motor Speedway The Panasonic screen, nicknamed "Big Hoss", is 218 feet (66 m) wide and 94.6 feet (28.8 m) tall. In 2014, Texas Motor Speedway did not sell tickets on the backstretch for either of its NASCAR Cup Series races, reducing the seating capacity of the track to 112,552. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Texas Motor Speedway Henry was born on the family farm, Studley, in Hanover County in the Colony of Virginia, on May 29, 1736. His father was John Henry, an immigrant from Aberdeenshire, Scotland, who had attended King's College, University of Aberdeen, there before emigrating to Virginia in the 1720s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry His father was John Henry, an immigrant from Aberdeenshire, Scotland, who had attended King's College, University of Aberdeen, there before emigrating to Virginia in the 1720s. Settling in Hanover County in about 1732, John Henry married Sarah Winston Syme, a wealthy widow from a prominent local family of English ancestry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Five clergymen then brought suit for back pay, cases known as the Parson's Cause; of them, only the Reverend James Maury was successful, and a jury was to be empaneled in Hanover County on December 1, 1763 to fix damages. Henry was engaged as counsel by Maury's parish vestry for this hearing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry In the wake of the Parson's Cause, Henry began to gain a following in backwoods Virginia, because of his oratory defending the liberties of the common people, and thanks to his friendly manner. He boosted his standing further in 1764 by representing Nathaniel West Dandridge, elected for Hanover County, in an election contest before the Burgesses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry lost the case, but met influential members on the Committee of Privileges and Elections, such as Richard Henry Lee, Peyton Randolph and George Wythe. In 1765, William Johnson, the brother of Thomas Johnson (who had been one of Henry's clients in the Parson's Cause), resigned as burgess for Louisa County. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry In 1765, William Johnson, the brother of Thomas Johnson (who had been one of Henry's clients in the Parson's Cause), resigned as burgess for Louisa County. As Henry owned land in the county (acquired from his father to settle a loan), he was eligible to be a candidate, and he won the seat in May 1765. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry In the late 1760s and early 1770s, Henry spent more time concentrating on his personal affairs, though he advanced in standing within the Burgesses, serving on powerful committees. The Henry family moved to a new house on his Louisa County property, probably in late 1765, and lived there until 1769, when he returned to Hanover County. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry foresaw the potential of the Ohio Valley and was involved in schemes to found settlements. Income from land deals in 1771 enabled him to buy Scotchtown, a large plantation in Hanover County, which he purchased from John Payne, the father of Dolley Madison—she lived there for a brief time as a child. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry The Burgesses were sitting when in 1774, word came that Parliament had voted to close the port of Boston in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, and several burgesses, including Henry, convened at the Raleigh Tavern to formulate a response. According to George Mason, a former burgess from Fairfax County, who joined the committee in the work, Henry took the lead. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Divided between those who wanted separation from Britain and those who still hoped for some accommodation, it met for a week; one major decision was the election of delegates to a Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Henry was chosen as one of seven delegates, tying for second place with Washington, burgess for Fairfax County, both receiving three votes less than Randolph. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry The petition was rejected in London. After the birth of their sixth child in 1771, Patrick's wife Sarah Shelton Henry began to exhibit symptoms of mental illness, and one reason for the move from Louisa County to Scotchtown was so they could be near family members. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry moved to organize his regiment, and had no difficulty recruiting men. As commander, he organized a navy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry When the draft was debated, Henry, at the request of a young delegate from Orange County, James Madison, produced an amendment changing Mason's call for religious tolerance to one requiring full freedom of worship. This was seen as a threat to Virginia's established religion, Anglicanism, and did not pass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry was elected to a second one-year term without opposition, and took the oath on July 2, 1777. On October 9 at Scotchtown, he married Dorothea Dandridge, daughter of his old client, Nathaniel West Dandridge of Hanover County. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry refused the appointment, alleging it would be difficult financially. One legend is that when Henry was asked why he had not gone, he replied, "I smelt a rat. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry sold his property in Prince Edward County in 1792, moving with his family to Long Island, a plantation in Campbell County. In 1794 Henry purchased Red Hill near Brookneal, Virginia in Charlotte County, where he and his family lived much of the year, though they moved to Long Island in the "sickly season". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Henry was under considerable pressure from Virginia Federalists to return to politics, but it was not until former president Washington urged him to run for the legislature in early 1799 that Henry gave in. Turning down an offer from President Adams to make him an envoy to France, Henry was elected as delegate from Charlotte County on March 4, 1799. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Turning down an offer from President Adams to make him an envoy to France, Henry was elected as delegate from Charlotte County on March 4, 1799. The legislature had no immediate session scheduled, so he returned to Red Hill, and never left again, dying there of stomach cancer at his home on June 6, 1799. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Kukla, Jon (2017). Patrick Henry: Champion of Liberty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry McCants, David A. (1990). Patrick Henry, the Orator. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Patrick Henry, the Orator. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry Patrick Henry: Patriot in the Making. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Patrick Henry
3861.	Q: What color does the top of the spires on the roof of the Park Inn emit? Title = Berlin-Park-Inn-Hotel Sonnenaufgang Description = A: Red Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Madonna Inn, INN, Dual Spires, South Park, Roof, National park, Mansard roof, Slay the Spire, Days Inn, The Spire, Color temperature, The Aeronaut's Windlass, Upstream Color, Top, bottom, switch (BDSM), Inn, Amusement park, 'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It), Roofer, Indium nitride, The Roof Is on Fire, List of national parks of the United States, In Living Color, Karlsson-on-the-Roof, Color commentator, RGBA color model, Hip roof, Holiday Inn, National Park Service, Park, Premier Inn, Stonewall riots, Gleaming Spires, CMY color model, Impossible color, Falling Inn Love, Oxford, Villa Park, Celtic Park, Color blindness, Dylann Roof, Goodison Park, Fiddler on the Roof, Nick Spires, Spire, Spires (disambiguation), The Roof, Park (disambiguation), Desert Inn, Church House (Presbyterian Church in Ireland), The Room on the Roof Toggle details	The Desert Inn became known for its "opulence" and top-notch service. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Desert Inn In the UK, the top four motorway services operators have Days Inn hotels. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Days Inn A half-hip, clipped-gable or jerkin head roof has a gable, but the upper point of the gable is replaced by a small hip, squaring off the top of the gable. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hip roof The first Premier Inn in Dubai to open was a 300-room hotel at Dubai Investment Park. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Premier Inn This enables on-screen color to more closely match printed color. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color temperature The term "color" is not used or translated. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color commentator In the 1960s, Holiday Inn began franchising and opening campgrounds under the Holiday Inn Trav-L-Park brand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Holiday Inn The Celtic Park main stand had a similar feature to Ibrox, however, in the pedimented roof gable over the press box. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Celtic Park A roof was built over the eastern "Rangers End" terrace in 1967, using the same design as the Rangers End at Hampden Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Celtic Park It uses K, black ink, since C, M, and Y inks are translucent and will only produce a gray color when laid on top of each other. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) CMY color model A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Spire Sidney Korshak was one of its early investors. The Desert Inn became known for its "opulence" and top-notch service. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Desert Inn are the color temperatures of the look-up isotherms and i is chosen --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color temperature , other color indices can be used as well. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color temperature The flatter the roof, the more likely this will happen. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hip roof Several intact fragments of the famous sign have been restored and relit, mostly the Holiday Inn top section of the sign and the marquee box. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Holiday Inn Reminds me of the menu at a Holiday Inn...' --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Holiday Inn In the 1960s, Holiday Inn began franchising and opening campgrounds under the Holiday Inn Trav-L-Park brand. These recreational campgrounds were listed in the Holiday Inn directories. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Holiday Inn In mid-1962, £40,000 was spent on a roof for the Holte End, the first to provide cover for the ordinary terrace fans at Villa Park since 1922. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Villa Park A new roof was erected over the Main Stand in 1971, which cost £250,000. It was supported by a "goalpost" framework, with the top girder measuring 97.5 metres long. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Celtic Park Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness The motion to purchase Goodison Park was passed unanimously. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Goodison Park They may also be tiled or shingled. Clad spires can take a variety of shapes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Spire The Desert Inn became known for its "opulence" and top-notch service. The first manager of the Desert Inn had previously worked as the manager at the Clift Hotel in San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Desert Inn In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof Old English hrof "roof, ceiling, top, summit; heaven, sky," also figuratively, "highest point of something," from Proto-Germanic *khrofam (cf. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof A person that specializes in roof construction is called a roofer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof Because of this, jurisdictions which use the International Building Code prohibit the installation of new roofing on top of an existing roof that has two or more applications of any type of roof covering; the existing roofing material must be removed before installing a new roof. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof To shed water i.e., prevent water from standing on the roof surface. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof mounting on an existing roof, e.g. solar panel on a tile roof. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Roof These sources are assigned what is known as a correlated color temperature (CCT). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color temperature The color balance may need to be corrected during printing to achieve a neutral color print. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color temperature The term does not define what RGB color space is being used. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) RGBA color model A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hip roof A half-hip, clipped-gable or jerkin head roof has a gable, but the upper point of the gable is replaced by a small hip, squaring off the top of the gable. The lower edge of the half-hip may have a gutter which leads back on to the remainder of the roof on one or both sides. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hip roof Several intact fragments of the famous sign have been restored and relit, mostly the Holiday Inn top section of the sign and the marquee box. In 2006, a complete sign was found. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Holiday Inn The chain started trading in 1987 as Travel Inn. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Premier Inn The northern "Hayshed" terrace, which became known as the "Jungle", was concreted in 1966 and a new roof was erected. A roof was built over the eastern "Rangers End" terrace in 1967, using the same design as the Rangers End at Hampden Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Celtic Park The ability to see color also decreases in old age. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness This form of color blindness is not sex-linked. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Total color blindness is defined as the inability to see color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Everton have played at Goodison Park for all but 4 of their 106 league seasons, giving Goodison Park the distinction of hosting more top-flight games than any other ground in England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Goodison Park Whilst at Goodison Park the club has had one of the highest average attendances in the country. The stadium has only had six seasons where Everton FC has not been amongst the top ten highest attendances in the country. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Goodison Park The remaining towers of the Desert Inn were imploded in 2004. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Desert Inn The Desert Inn's most famous guest, businessman Howard Hughes, arrived on Thanksgiving Day 1966, renting the hotel's entire top two floors. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Desert Inn Instead of leaving, Hughes started negotiations to buy the Desert Inn. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Desert Inn A roof is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temperature, and wind. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof A roof may also provide additional living space, for example, a roof garden. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof Timber lends itself to a great variety of roof shapes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof The slate roof is often considered the best type of roofing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof A slate roof may last 75 to 150 years, and even longer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof The water repelled by the roof during a rainstorm is potentially damaging to the building that the roof protects. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Roof For example, Sequoia National Park and Glacier National Park are commonly referred to as “Sequoia Park” and “Glacier Park” respectively. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National park Days Inn and Days Inn & Suites – Full- or limited-service. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Days Inn Both of the cited standards specify a 6500 K color temperature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color temperature A top filling the dominant role is not necessarily a dominant, and vice versa, and a bottom is not necessarily submissive. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) The top may sometimes even be the partner who is following instructions, i.e., they top when, and in the manner, requested by the bottom. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) The roof, the roof, the roof is on fire!We don't need no water—Let the motherfucker burn!Burn, motherfucker, burn! --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Roof Is on Fire Karlsson is quite mischievous, eating all the food, scaring some robbers and walking/flying across the roof. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Karlsson-on-the-Roof A sports color commentator customarily works alongside the play-by-play broadcaster. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color commentator The triangular faces of the roof are called the hip ends, and they are bounded by the hips themselves. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hip roof A steeper pitched hip roof tends to cause the wind to stall as it goes over the roof, breaking up the effect. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hip roof These recreational campgrounds were listed in the Holiday Inn directories. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Holiday Inn The Gulf/Holiday Inn arrangement ended around 1982. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Holiday Inn Another intact and operating Holiday Inn Great Sign is at The Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan, and yet another is with a private collector in Park Hills, Kentucky. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Holiday Inn In 2006 it was announced that Holiday Inn Select hotels would be discontinued. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Holiday Inn Premier Inn stated that this was due to its rooms being "popular". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Premier Inn The joint venture identified three sites in Dubai, creating more than 800 new rooms. The first Premier Inn in Dubai to open was a 300-room hotel at Dubai Investment Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Premier Inn The first Premier Inn in Dubai to open was a 300-room hotel at Dubai Investment Park. A similar size hotel at Dubai Airport, and a 220-room hotel at Dubai Silicon Oasis on Emirates Road, were opened. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Premier Inn Inspector Pine had intended to close and dismantle the Stonewall Inn that night. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall riots It's about time we did something to assert ourselves" and visited the open Stonewall Inn for the first time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall riots The Stonewall Inn lasted only a few weeks after the riot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall riots The designation, which followed transfer of city parkland to the federal government, protects Christopher Park and adjacent areas totaling more than seven acres; the Stonewall Inn is within the boundaries of the monument but remains privately owned. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall riots Almost everything in the Stonewall Inn was broken. Inspector Pine had intended to close and dismantle the Stonewall Inn that night. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall riots The opponent color theory suggests that there are three opponent channels: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Impossible color Claimed evidence for the ability to see colors not in the color space = --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Impossible color If projected expansions were completed, the capacity of Villa Park would increase to around 50,000. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Villa Park Celtic Park was an oval stadium, but has been converted to a rectangular stadium. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Celtic Park This stand, which cost £35,000 and provided 4,800 seats, was smaller and less ornate than the Main Stand at Ibrox. The Celtic Park main stand had a similar feature to Ibrox, however, in the pedimented roof gable over the press box. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Celtic Park In September 2011, Celtic started a feasibility study into creating a safe standing section in Celtic Park. Although there is a law in England preventing top-flight clubs from having standing sections, no such law exists in Scotland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Celtic Park Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness As of 2012, sunglasses that notch out color wavelengths are available commercially. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness This will still cause problems for those with monochromatic color blindness, but it is still something worth considering. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Inability to distinguish color does not necessarily preclude the ability to become a celebrated artist. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness The Goodison Park dugouts were the first in England. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goodison Park The name of the stand was originally the Stanley Park End but it is commonly referred to as the Park End. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goodison Park The Park End has the smallest capacity at Goodison Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goodison Park The other is situated between the Bullens Road and Park End. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goodison Park Gradually, spires became taller, slimmer, and more complex in form. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire The western spires of Lichfield Cathedral are an example. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire On the ridge of the roof on top of the crossing (the intersection of the nave and the transepts) of a church, flèches were typically light, delicate, timber-framed constructions with a metallic sheath of lead or copper. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire This is a four-sided tower topped with a pyramidal roof. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire The architecture of the spires blends entirely with the tower, making them difficult to separate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire The church is the tallest cathedral anywhere and has the tallest pair of spires. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spire It was situated between Desert Inn Road and Sands Avenue. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Desert Inn Today, the Wynn and Encore are now where the Desert Inn once stood. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Desert Inn At the Desert Inn was recorded at the hotel in February 1971. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Desert Inn Portions of Ocean's 11 were shot at the Desert Inn. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Desert Inn At Mr.Kapoor's house he is given a room on the roof. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Room on the Roof South Park features a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) South Park The construction of a roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to highest point. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof While this method is faster, it does not allow the roof sheathing to be inspected and water damage, often associated with worn shingles, to be repaired. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof The casting and firing of roof tiles is an industry that is often associated with brickworks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating caused by the sun. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof Flat roof of adobe dwellings generally have a very slight slope. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof In general, the pitch of the roof is proportional to the amount of precipitation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof Newer systems include solar shingles which generate electricity as well as cover the roof. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof A roof is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temperature, and wind. A roof is part of the building envelope. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof A roof assembly has more than one function. It may provide any or all of the following functions: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roof Days Inn is a hotel chain headquartered in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Days Inn Roadchef have Days Inn Hotels at most of their sites. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Days Inn Raymond Davis published a paper on "correlated color temperature" (his term). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color temperature Curled or rotten shingles, missing shingles, and blistering are all signs that roof needs attention. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Roofer A color commentator or expert commentator is a sports commentator who assists the play-by-play commentator, typically by filling in when play is not in progress. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color commentator The term color refers to levity and insight provided by a secondary announcer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color commentator In the United Kingdom, the term "color commentator" is largely unknown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color commentator It also does not state whether or not the colors are premultiplied by the alpha value, and if they are it does not state what color space that premultiplication was done in. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) RGBA color model Thus, a hipped roof house has no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hip roof A hip roof on a rectangular plan has four faces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hip roof A hip roof is self-bracing, requiring less diagonal bracing than a gable roof. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hip roof When wind flows over a shallow sloped hip roof, the roof can behave like an airplane wing. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hip roof The first relaunched Holiday Inn opened in the U.S. in spring 2008. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Holiday Inn Holiday Inn – This is the most recognizable tier of service. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Holiday Inn Holiday Inn Resort (called Holiday Inn Sunspree Resort from 1991 to 2007) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Holiday Inn 2011: Saguaro National Park, Tucson, Arizona. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Park Service The company was established by Whitbread as Travel Inn in 1987, to compete with Travelodge. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Premier Inn Premier Inn accounts for 70% of Whitbread's earnings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Premier Inn In 2007, Premier Inn entered Ireland, when it took over the Tulip Inn in Swords. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Premier Inn As of 2019, Premier Inn is currently pursuing an expansion in Dublin and has bought four sites in the city centre and Docklands area including at Aungiers Street, Castleforbes Business Park, Gloucester Street South and Jervis Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Premier Inn Some in the crowd were hospitalized, and four police officers were injured. Almost everything in the Stonewall Inn was broken. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall riots Isn't that great!... It's about time we did something to assert ourselves" and visited the open Stonewall Inn for the first time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall riots CMYK refers to the four inks used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key. It uses K, black ink, since C, M, and Y inks are translucent and will only produce a gray color when laid on top of each other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) CMY color model Although they cannot be seen, imaginary colors are often found in the mathematical descriptions that define color spaces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Impossible color Any additive mixture of two real colors is also a real color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Impossible color By mixing any three colors, one can therefore create any color contained in the triangle they describe—this is called the gamut formed by those three colors, which are called primary colors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Impossible color Some observers indicated that although they were aware that what they were viewing was a color (that is, the field was not achromatic), they were unable to name or describe the color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Impossible color One of these observers was an artist with large color vocabulary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Impossible color She enters a contest to "Win an Inn" in the New Zealand countryside and actually wins it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Falling Inn Love The old barrel-shaped roof on the Witton Lane Stand, the only remaining feature of the 1897 Villa Park, was removed in the summer of 1963 and replaced with a plain sloping roof in the same style as the Holte End. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Villa Park Villa Park has 42,785 seats split between four stands. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Villa Park Villa Park has been the venue for several Cup competitions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Villa Park Celtic was formed in 1887 and the first Celtic Park opened in Parkhead in 1888. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park It was an elongated oval shape, similar to Hampden Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park A new roof was erected over the Main Stand in 1971, which cost £250,000. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park It was supported by a "goalpost" framework, with the top girder measuring 97.5 metres long. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park Although the Main Stand had been modernised, terracing was still predominant at Celtic Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park A roof was built over the eastern "Rangers End" terrace in 1967, using the same design as the Rangers End at Hampden Park. All of this work meant that Celtic had more covered terracing than any other stadium in Britain, except Wembley. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Celtic Park However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Dichromats usually know they have a color vision problem, and it can affect their daily lives. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Anomalous trichromacy is the least serious type of color deficiency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Some may not even be aware that their color perception is in any way different from normal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness In the eastern provinces of Canada horizontally mounted traffic lights are generally differentiated by shape to facilitate identification for those with color blindness. In the United States, this is not done by shape but by position, as the red light is always on the left if the light is horizontal, or on top if the light is vertical. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The stadium was named Goodison Park because the length of the site was built against Goodison Road. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Goodison Park Few changes were made until 1963 when the rear of the Paddock was seated and an overhanging roof was added. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Goodison Park Of the 17 created, only Goodison Park, Ibrox and Fratton Park retain these trusses. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Goodison Park The five highest attendances for Everton at Goodison Park are: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Goodison Park Eusébio later stated that "Goodison Park is for me the best stadium in my life". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Goodison Park Small or short spires are known as spikes, spirelets, or flèches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spire The original name was Wilbur Clark's Desert Inn. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Desert Inn He was the only boss who would agree to have his picture taken". The Desert Inn's most famous guest, businessman Howard Hughes, arrived on Thanksgiving Day 1966, renting the hotel's entire top two floors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Desert Inn The Madonna Inn is a motel in San Luis Obispo, California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn The predominant exterior color is pink, which extends to the lamp posts and trash cans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn Demand was sufficient to expand to forty rooms in 1959, and the Inn facility was constructed in 1960. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn Reportedly, when the architect Richard Neutra stayed at the Inn, he asked Alex Madonna about the design: "Alex, you didn't have an architect here, did you? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn In May 1966, the Inn's original units were burned to the ground in a fire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn By 1982, the Madonna Inn was already well-known, and Alex Madonna was quoted as saying, "Anybody can build one room and a thousand like it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn Reportedly, when the architect Richard Neutra stayed at the Inn, he asked Alex Madonna about the design: "Alex, you didn't have an architect here, did you? It's just as well you didn't because you couldn't have captured all the details if you had to draw them out. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Madonna Inn Since its debut on August 13, 1997, 309 episodes of South Park have been broadcast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park "South Park was the first weekly program to be rated TV-MA, and is generally intended for adult audiences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park South Park was in danger of being canceled before it even aired when the show fared poorly with test audiences, particularly with women. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park Parker and Stone voice most of the male South Park characters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park Parker says that the varying uses of music is of utmost importance to South Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park In 2004, Channel 4 voted South Park the third-greatest cartoon of all time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park Isaac Hayes, a Scientologist, later quit South Park because of his objection to the episode. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park A South Park pinball machine was released in 1999 by Sega Pinball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Park The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof This part of the roof shows great variation dependent upon availability of material. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof Often, the first part of a slate roof to fail is the fixing nails; they corrode, allowing the slates to slip. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof Water standing on the roof surface increases the live load on the roof structure, which is a safety issue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof There are also solar systems available that generate hot water or hot air and which can also act as a roof covering. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof More complex systems may carry out all of these functions: generate electricity, recover thermal energy, and also act as a roof covering. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof integration in a flat roof membrane using heat welding, e.g. PVC. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof mounting on a flat roof with a construction and additional weight to prevent uplift from wind. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof An alternative method is to install another layer directly over the worn layer. While this method is faster, it does not allow the roof sheathing to be inspected and water damage, often associated with worn shingles, to be repaired. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof The slate roof is often considered the best type of roofing. A slate roof may last 75 to 150 years, and even longer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating caused by the sun. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof The water repelled by the roof during a rainstorm is potentially damaging to the building that the roof protects. If it runs down the walls, it may seep into the mortar or through panels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roof Victoria Falls National Park, Zimbabwe: IUCN III – National Monument --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National park Banff National Park became Canada's first national park in 1885. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National park Park rangers also have fire fighting responsibilities and execute search and rescue missions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National park The earliest known example of a mansard roof is credited to Pierre Lescot on part of the Louvre built around 1550. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mansard roof The height was only measured up to the cornice line, making any living space contained in a mansard roof exempt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mansard roof A 1902 revision of the law permitted building three or even four storeys within such a roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mansard roof The roof of two Victorian Railways hopper wagons resembled a mansard roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mansard roof The Australian Commonwealth Railways CL class locomotive also has a mansard roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mansard roof The approach for players to progress through the spires with branching pathways and random events was inspired by FTL: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Slay the Spire Day founded Days Inn on Tybee Island, Georgia, in 1970. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Days Inn When the first Days Inn opened, Day could not find maid service, so he had his children make up the rooms' beds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Days Inn Welcome Break brought the Days Inn brand to the UK under licence from the US company. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Days Inn Extra Services has Days Inn hotels at most of their sites. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Days Inn The fact that "warm" lighting in this sense actually has a "cooler" color temperature often leads to confusion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature For lighting building interiors, it is often important to take into account the color temperature of illumination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature In fishkeeping, color temperature has different functions and foci in the various branches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature In freshwater aquaria, color temperature is generally of concern only for producing a more attractive display. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature This is equivalent to an increase of color temperature with water depth in this spectral range. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature In digital photography, the term color temperature sometimes refers to remapping of color values to simulate variations in ambient color temperature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Photographic emulsion film does not respond to lighting color identically to the human retina or visual perception. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Matching the sensitivity of the film to the color temperature of the light source is one way to balance color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Color negative film is almost always daylight-balanced, since it is assumed that color can be adjusted in printing (with limitations, see above). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Filters on a camera lens, or color gels over the light source(s) may be used to correct color balance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature In the desktop publishing industry, it is important to know a monitor's color temperature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Common monitor color temperatures, along with matching standard illuminants in parentheses, are as follows: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Designations such as D50 are used to help classify color temperatures of light tables and viewing booths. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature When viewing a color slide at a light table, it is important that the light be balanced properly so that the colors are not shifted towards the red or blue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Current versions of ATSC explicitly call for the color temperature data to be included in the data stream, but old versions of ATSC allowed this data to be omitted. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Cinematographers also work closely with set designers and lighting crews to achieve the desired color effects. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Lighting designers sometimes select filters by color temperature, commonly to match light that is theoretically white. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature Color temperature may also be a factor when selecting lamps, since each is likely to have a different color temperature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature The color temperature (as well as the correlated color temperature defined above) may differ largely from the effective temperature given by the radiative flux of the stellar surface. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature This enables on-screen color to more closely match printed color. Common monitor color temperatures, along with matching standard illuminants in parentheses, are as follows: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color temperature The orchids eventually turn the same color blue and are collected by farmers, who sell the plants in the neighborhood where the Thief operates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Upstream Color A service top is a person who applies sensation or control to a bottom, but does so at the bottom's explicit instructions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) The main difference between a dominant and a top is that the dominant ostensibly does not follow instructions, although they are limited by what the submissive is willing to do. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) For bottoms who are not submissive, the bottom is most often the partner who is giving instructions—the top typically tops when, and in the manner, requested by the bottom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) In contrast, the top/bottom relationship is more commonly marked by mutual respect and support. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) Examples are Comfort Inn, Days Inn, Holiday Inn, Knights Inn, and Premier Inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Inn Coney Island also featured Luna Park (1903) and Dreamland (1904). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Amusement park In 1964, Steeplechase Park, once the king of all amusement parks, closed down for good. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Amusement park A roofer, roof mechanic, or roofing contractor is a tradesperson who specializes in roof construction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roofer In Australia, this type of carpenter is called a roof carpenter and the term roofer refers to someone who installs the roof cladding (tiles, tin, etc.). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Roofer List of areas in the United States National Park System --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of national parks of the United States List of the United States National Park System official units --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of national parks of the United States Karlsson is quite mischievous, eating all the food, scaring some robbers and walking/flying across the roof. He often gets Lillebror into trouble, as Karlsson usually disappears just before Lillebror's family arrives leaving him to answer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Karlsson-on-the-Roof The color analyst and main commentator will often exchange comments freely throughout the broadcast, when the main commentator is not describing the action. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color commentator While it is sometimes described as a color space, it is actually a three-channel RGB color model supplemented with a fourth alpha channel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) RGBA color model In cases where the alpha is not used this can be shortened to 6 digits RRGGBB, this is why it was chosen to put the alpha in the top bits. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) RGBA color model The term does not define what RGB color space is being used. It also does not state whether or not the colors are premultiplied by the alpha value, and if they are it does not state what color space that premultiplication was done in. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) RGBA color model If the roof slopes are less than 35 degrees from horizontal, the roof will be subject to uplift. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof The East Asian hip-and-gable roof is similar in concept to the gablet roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof Both the gablet roof and the half-hipped roof are intermediate between the gabled and fully hipped types: the gablet roof has a gable above a hip, while a half-hipped roof has a hip above a gable. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof A roof with equally hipped pitches on a square or regular polygonal plan having a pyramidal or almost pyramidal form. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof A pointed roof seen on a spire or a tower, oriented so that it has four gable ends. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof A tented roof is a type of polygonal hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak or intersection. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof They have the advantage of giving a compact, solid appearance to a structure. The roof pitch (slope) may vary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof The flatter the roof, the more likely this will happen. A steeper pitched hip roof tends to cause the wind to stall as it goes over the roof, breaking up the effect. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hip roof Most Holiday Inn Resorts are located in high-leisure-tourism markets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn Holiday Inn Club Vacations – These are resorts aimed at families and are only based in the U.S. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn Although originally called "Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza", the Crowne Plaza division was separated from Holiday Inn in 1994 to form a distinctive brand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn Holiday Inn Magazine was a monthly publication for guests during the 1970s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn The hotel used a logo similar to the old Holiday Inn logo from the 1970s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn The Holiday Inn Corporation directory referred to the hotel as "not part of this Holiday Inn system". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holiday Inn Yellowstone National Park was created as the first national park in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Death Valley National Park has an active mine legislated within its boundaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Appomattox Court House National Historical Park was created in 1940. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service George Rogers Clark National Historical Park was dedicated in 1936. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service The National Park System received over 327 million recreation visits in 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Park rangers trained in providing walks, talks, and educational programs to the public frequently conduct such programs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Many scouts have completed their eagle projects in a National Park helping preserve the resources, while furthering the scouting experience. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service The National Park System offers numerous accessible camping opportunities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service At many Park Service sites a bookstore is operated by a non-profit cooperating association. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service The Water Association made the national parks one of its top lobbying targets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Park visitation grew 64 percent between 1979 and 2015.The 10 most-visited units of the National Park System handle over 28 percent of the overall visits. The top 10 percent of parks (41) handle 62.8 percent of all visits, leaving the remaining more than 380 units to accommodate 37.2 percent of visits. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Park Service Park design is influenced by the intended purpose and audience, as well as by the available land features. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Park Australia's Royal National Park, established in 1879, was the world's second officially established national park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Park The creation of Princes Park showed great foresight and introduced a number of highly influential ideas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Park Frederick Law Olmsted visited Birkenhead Park in 1850 and praised its qualities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Park In 2005, Premier Travel Inn opened its 500th hotel in Hemel Hempstead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Premier Inn In July 2015, the 700th Premier Inn was opened in Kingston-upon-Thames, London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Premier Inn Premier Inn offer bus transfers to and from Dublin Airport, which is nearby. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Premier Inn After Travel Inn and Premier Lodge merged, animated adverts were used to advertise the merger. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Premier Inn Zip by Premier Inn is lower-priced. Some rooms do not have windows and there is a simplified food and drink service. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Premier Inn As was common for gay bars at the time, the Stonewall Inn was owned by the Mafia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots Visitors to the Stonewall Inn in 1969 were greeted by a bouncer who inspected them through a peephole in the door. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots Many people sat on stoops or gathered nearby in Christopher Park throughout the morning, dazed in disbelief at what had transpired. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots All day Saturday, June 28, people came to stare at the burned and blackened Stonewall Inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots " Others found the closing of the Stonewall Inn, termed a "sleaze joint", as advantageous to the Village. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots The second Stonewall Day was held on Friday, June 28, 2019, outside the Stonewall Inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots The Stonewall Inn lasted only a few weeks after the riot. By October 1969 it was up for rent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall riots Mixing of dyes is used to reproduce a gamut of colors, the resultant color from this layer is predicted by multiplying (not subtracting) the absorbance profiles of the dyes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) CMY color model This is essentially opposite to the additive color model, particularly the RGB color model, that applies to lights whose color depends directly on the light. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) CMY color model CMYK refers to the four inks used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) CMY color model Introduction of a new color is often an allegory intending to deliver additional information to the reader. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color The Colors of Space (1963) mentions "the eighth color" made visible during the FTL travel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color In the show, pleurigloss is described as "the color of when a soldier comes home from war and sees his dog for the first time." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color Spectral color – Color evoked by a single wavelength of light in the visible spectrum --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color By mixing any three colors, one can therefore create any color contained in the triangle they describe—this is called the gamut formed by those three colors, which are called primary colors. Any colors outside of this triangle cannot be obtained by mixing the chosen primaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Impossible color An attractive financial offer to buy the Inn is organized by Dean with a Melbourne investment company. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Falling Inn Love The Oxford Science Park was established in 1990, and the Begbroke Science Park, owned by the university, lies north of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Oxford The Aston Lower Grounds, later renamed Villa Park, was not the first home of --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park Rinder turned to the renowned architect Archibald Leitch to design a new Villa Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park By December it was fully operational and had a capacity of 13,501 seats, bringing the Villa Park capacity to 40,310. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park The next development at Villa Park was the Trinity Road Stand in 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park The roof is a variant of the "King Truss" system and the front third slopes slightly forward. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park Villa Park has been a venue for musicians from multiple genres as well as preachers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park The first patients were vaccinated at Villa Park on 4 February 2021. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park Villa Park is within a short distance of two mainline railway stations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park The floodlights were first used in November 1958 for a friendly match against the Scottish side Heart of Midlothian. In mid-1962, £40,000 was spent on a roof for the Holte End, the first to provide cover for the ordinary terrace fans at Villa Park since 1922. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Villa Park The new Celtic Park was opened on 20 August 1892 with a match against Renton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park The northern "Hayshed" terrace, which became known as the "Jungle", was concreted in 1966 and a new roof was erected. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park To save at least £1 million of additional steelwork, fourteen internal pillars were installed to support the roof. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park A completed two-tier bowl stadium would give Celtic Park a capacity of nearly 75,000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park Celtic Park also hosted both national cup finals during the 2013–14 season for this reason. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park During one such event at Celtic Park, a demonstration of trench warfare was carried out. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park Fans travelling to Celtic Park also use Bellgrove and Bridgeton stations, which are both approximately one mile away. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park It was supported by a "goalpost" framework, with the top girder measuring 97.5 metres long. The design was flawed, however, as the roof provided little shelter to the paddock seats, and retractable columns had to be installed to provide stability in case of high winds or heavy snow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Celtic Park Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness The red is blood red, the amber is yellow and the green is a bluish color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness is a rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electroretinogram, and electrooculogram. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Both "protans" and "deutans" (of which the deutans are by far the most common) are known as "red–green color-blind". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Because the Ishihara color test contains only numerals, it may not be useful in diagnosing young children, who have not yet learned to use numbers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness This test allows 30% of color deficient individuals, whose deficiency is not too severe, to pass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red–green color coding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness They are collectively referred to as "red–green color blindness", though the term is an over-simplification and is somewhat misleading. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Many mobile and computer applications have been developed to help color blind individual to view better differentiate between colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Color codes present particular problems for those with color deficiencies as they are often difficult or impossible for them to perceive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Designers need to take into account that color-blindness is highly sensitive to differences in material. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Designers should also note that red–blue and yellow–blue color combinations are generally safe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness However, there is a claim that there is no firm evidence that color deficiency did cause the collision, or that it might have not been the sole cause. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some jurisdictions restrict the issuance of pilot credentials to persons who suffer from color blindness for this reason. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some tentative evidence finds that color blind people are better at penetrating certain color camouflages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness In World War II, color blind observers were used to penetrate camouflage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness They may apply to the FAA to take a specialized test, administered by the FAA. Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Goodison Park is a football stadium in the Walton area of Liverpool, England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park It was announced at a general meeting on 22 March 1895 that the club could finally afford to buy Goodison Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Goodison Park is the only stadium with two complete trusses designed by Leitch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park The Paddock, the Park End terrace and the Gwladys Street terrace, known as 'the Ground', were standing and had to be replaced. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park The single tiered stand broke from the multi-tiered tradition of Goodison Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park During the structure's development, fans were able to watch matches by climbing trees in neighbouring Stanley Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park By the 1990s the club had demolished virtually the whole street and this coincided with the redevelopment of the Park End stand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Whilst at Goodison Park the club has had one of the highest average attendances in the country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Source:The five lowest attendances for Everton at Goodison Park are: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Goodison Park hosted five games during the 1966 FIFA World Cup. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Goodison Park has played host to England on eight occasions during the Home Championships. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park This was in the Lancashire Cup Final in 1948.Goodison Park is used as a venue for weddings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park The Goodison Park structure was built in stages. In the summer of 1895 a new Bullens Road stand was built and a roof placed on the original Goodison Road stand but only after five directors, including Chairman, George Mahon had resigned over what was described in the club minutes as 'acute administrative difficulties'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Everton has staged more top-flight football games than any other club in England, eight more seasons than second placed Aston Villa. Everton have played at Goodison Park for all but 4 of their 106 league seasons, giving Goodison Park the distinction of hosting more top-flight games than any other ground in England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Everton have played at Goodison Park for all but 4 of their 106 league seasons, giving Goodison Park the distinction of hosting more top-flight games than any other ground in England. Goodison is the only English club ground to have hosted a FIFA World Cup semi final. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goodison Park Crown spires have a fully exposed structure of arches not unlike the arches of a mediaeval European crown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire In general, the term applies to considerably larger and more refined spires than the name Hertfordshire spike. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire The roofs of splay-foot spires open out and flatten off at their base, creating eaves above the tower supporting the spire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire Complex spires: These are stone spires that combine both masonry and openwork elements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire Some such spires were constructed in the Gothic style, such as the north spire of Chartres Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire Pyramidal spires, which may be of low profile, rising to a height not much greater than its width, or, more rarely, of high profile. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire The combined tower-spires are 157 meters (515 feet) high. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire The 119 metre pair of spires of Uppsala Cathedral are the tallest in Scandinavia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spire The Desert Inn was the first hotel in Las Vegas to feature a fountain at the entrance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The Desert Inn opened formally on April 24, 1950, at a two-day gala which was heavily publicized nationally. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The first manager of the Desert Inn had previously worked as the manager at the Clift Hotel in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The property was sold to ITT Sheraton in 1993 for $160 million and renamed the Sheraton Desert Inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The Desert Inn celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 24, 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn Wynn closed the Desert Inn at 2:00 a.m. on August 28, 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The 18-hole, par-72 Desert Inn Golf Club opened in 1952. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn Additional homes were added to the Desert Inn Country Club Estates from the 1960s on. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn Almost every major star of the latter half of the 20th century played at the Desert Inn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn Noël Coward performed at the Inn on one occasion for an entire month. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn The remaining towers of the Desert Inn were imploded in 2004. Today, the Wynn and Encore are now where the Desert Inn once stood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Desert Inn By 1982, the Madonna Inn was already well-known, and Alex Madonna was quoted as saying, "Anybody can build one room and a thousand like it. It's more economical. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Madonna Inn Parker and Stone developed South Park from two animated short films both titled The Spirit of Christmas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park The second short became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to South Park's production. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park In 2013, TV Guide ranked South Park the tenth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park South Park debuted with "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe" on August 13, 1997. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park The schedule also allows South Park to both stay more topical and respond more quickly to specific current events than other satiric animated shows. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park In July 2015, South Park was renewed through 2019; extending the show through season 23 with 307 episodes overall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park During South Park's earliest seasons, several high-profile celebrities inquired about guest-starring on the show. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Broadcast syndication rights to South Park were acquired by Debmar-Mercury and Tribune Entertainment in 2003 and 2004 respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Complete seasons of South Park have been regularly released on their entirety on DVD since 2002, with season twenty-three being the most recently released. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park In September 2009, a South Park Studios website with streaming episodes was launched in the UK and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Following the announcement every episode remained available for free on the South Park Studios website, using the Hulu player. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park During the spring of 1998, eight of the ten highest-rated shows on basic cable were South Park episodes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park The success of South Park prompted more cable companies to carry Comedy Central and led it to its becoming one of the fastest-growing cable channels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Political commentator Andrew Sullivan dubbed the group South Park Republicans, or South Park conservatives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Parker and Stone are uncomfortable with the idea of themselves or South Park being assigned any kind of partisan classification. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park Parker said he rejects the "South Park Republican" and "South Park conservative" labels, feeling that either tag implies that one only adheres to strictly conservative or liberal viewpoints. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park South Park parodied Scientology in a short that aired as part of the 2000 MTV Movie Awards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Park There are two parts to a roof: its supporting structure and its outer skin, or uppermost weatherproof layer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof In countries that use bamboo extensively, the flexibility of the material causes a distinctive curving line to the roof, characteristic of Oriental architecture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof However, slate roofs are often expensive to install – in the US, for example, a slate roof may have the same cost as the rest of the house. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof Most modern commercial/industrial roof assemblies incorporate insulation boards or batt insulation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof The large area of a roof repels a lot of water, which must be directed in some suitable way, so that it does not cause damage or inconvenience. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof The longhouses of Papua New Guinea, for example, being roof-dominated architecture, the high roofs sweeping almost to the ground. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof For this reason most buildings have a system in place to protect the walls of a building from most of the roof water. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof Timber lends itself to a great variety of roof shapes. The timber structure can fulfil an aesthetic as well as practical function, when left exposed to view. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof To shed water i.e., prevent water from standing on the roof surface. Water standing on the roof surface increases the live load on the roof structure, which is a safety issue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof Newer systems include solar shingles which generate electricity as well as cover the roof. There are also solar systems available that generate hot water or hot air and which can also act as a roof covering. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Roof Vitosha National Park, Bulgaria: IUCN IV – Habitat Management Area --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park New Forest National Park, United Kingdom: IUCN V – Protected Landscape --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park In 1872, Yellowstone National Park was established as the United States' first national park, being also the world's first national park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park The United Kingdom designated its first national park, Peak District National Park, in 1951. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park Of the 423 sites managed by the National Park Service of the United States, only 61 carry the designation of National Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park The smallest official national park in the world is Isles des Madeleines National Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park Swiss National Park, Switzerland: IUCN Ia – Strict Nature Reserve --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park People living near a national park will often omit the word “national” from the name of the park. For example, Sequoia National Park and Glacier National Park are commonly referred to as “Sequoia Park” and “Glacier Park” respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National park The upper slope of the roof may not be visible from street level when viewed from close proximity to the building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof Mansard in Europe (France, Germany and elsewhere) also means the attic or garret space itself, not just the roof shape and is often used in Europe to mean a gambrel roof. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof The gambrel roof style, commonly seen in barns in North America, is a close cousin of the mansard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof However, the mansard is a curb hip roof, with slopes on all sides of the building, and the gambrel is a curb gable roof, with slopes on only two sides. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof (The curb is a horizontal, heavy timber directly under the intersection of the two roof surfaces.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof In the French language, mansarde can be a term for the style of roof, or for the garret living space, or attic, directly within it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mansard roof As of December 31, 2018, Days Inn includes 1,728 locations worldwide with 137,678 rooms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Days Inn Days Inn was one of the first hotel chains to offer discounts to senior citizens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Days Inn Days Inn and Moto Hospitality have experimented with two hotels at Wetherby and Winchester Services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Days Inn Extra Services has Days Inn hotels at most of their sites. They are operated by Welcome Break. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Days Inn Days Inn and Days Inn & Suites – Full- or limited-service. Some properties are only rooms; others have rooms mixed with suites. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Days Inn The color temperature of a light source is the temperature of an ideal black-body radiator that radiates light of a color comparable to that of the light source. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature CCT is the color temperature of a black-body radiator which to human color perception most closely matches the light from the lamp. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Here feedback loop systems are used, for example with color sensors, to actively monitor and control the color output of multiple color mixing LEDs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature In a saltwater/reef aquarium, color temperature is an essential part of tank health. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Photographic film is made for specific light sources (most commonly daylight film and tungsten film), and, used properly, will create a neutral color print. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Color transparency film, being the final artefact in the process, has to be matched to the light source or filters must be used to correct color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature However, they are ineffective with sources such as fluorescent or discharge lamps, whose light varies in color and may be harder to correct for. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Digital cameras, web graphics, DVDs, etc., are normally designed for a 6500 K color temperature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Most cameras also have an automatic white balance function that attempts to determine the color of the light and correct accordingly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature Video camera operators can white-balance objects that are not white, downplaying the color of the object used for white-balancing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature "Those for which the spectral distribution of energy is such that the color can be matched only approximately by a stimulus of the Planckian form of spectral distribution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature The first verified the findings of Priest, Davis, and Judd, with a paper on sensitivity to change in color temperature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature The CIE recommends that "The concept of correlated color temperature should not be used if the chromaticity of the test source differs more than [ --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature The inverse calculation, from color temperature to corresponding chromaticity coordinates, is discussed in Planckian locus § Approximation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature In astronomy, the color temperature is defined by the local slope of the SPD at a given wavelength, or, in practice, a wavelength range. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature For example, the color temperature of an A0V star is about 15000 K compared to an effective temperature of about 9500 K. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature This means that the emitted radiation does not follow the form of a black-body spectrum. These sources are assigned what is known as a correlated color temperature (CCT). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature An object that appears to the observer to be white may turn out to be very blue or orange in a photograph. The color balance may need to be corrected during printing to achieve a neutral color print. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature A black body can be described by its temperature and produces light of a particular hue, as depicted above. This set of colors is called color temperature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature , other color indices can be used as well. The color temperature (as well as the correlated color temperature defined above) may differ largely from the effective temperature given by the radiative flux of the stellar surface. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color temperature The surface of their world is a place of horrors, full of dangerous beasts which occasionally make their way into the spires. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Aeronaut's Windlass Many distinguish top/bottom from dominant/submissive by seeing top/bottom as an expression of physical power, while dominant/submissive is an expression of psychological power. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) The main difference between a dominant and a top is that the dominant ostensibly does not follow instructions, although they are limited by what the submissive is willing to do. The top may sometimes even be the partner who is following instructions, i.e., they top when, and in the manner, requested by the bottom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) Somers installed two others in Asbury Park, New Jersey and Coney Island, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Amusement park Founded in 1925, the original Kiddie Park is located in San Antonio, Texas and is still in operation today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Amusement park Because of its long history, Knott's Berry Farm currently claims to be "America's First Theme Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Amusement park In 2012, the cover version was used in a commercial for Hewlett-Packard's color printers, which aired in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 'Tain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It) The title of the series was inspired by the NBC announcement of broadcasts being presented "in living color" during the 1960s, prior to mainstream color television. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) In Living Color The first episode was watched by 22.7 million people, making it the 29th top show for the week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) In Living Color In American motorsports coverage, there may be as many as two color commentators in the booth for a given broadcast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color commentator The term color refers to levity and insight provided by a secondary announcer. A sports color commentator customarily works alongside the play-by-play broadcaster. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color commentator In computer graphics, pixels encoding the RGBA color space information must be stored in computer memory (or in files on disk). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) RGBA color model This layout became popular when 24-bit color (and 32-bit RGBA) was introduced on personal computers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) RGBA color model It also does not state whether or not the colors are premultiplied by the alpha value, and if they are it does not state what color space that premultiplication was done in. This means more information than just "RGBA" is needed to determine how to handle an image. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) RGBA color model Hip roofs are more difficult to construct than a gabled roof, requiring more complex systems of rafters or trusses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof However, for a hurricane region, the roof also has to be steep-sloped; at least 35 degrees from horizontal or steeper in slope is preferred. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof Greater than 35 degrees, and not only does wind blowing over it encounter a stalling effect, but the roof is actually held down on the wall plate by the wind pressure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof This type simplifies the construction of the roof; no girder trusses are required, but it still has level walls and consistent eaves. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof The lower edge of the half-hip may have a gutter which leads back on to the remainder of the roof on one or both sides. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof Each ridge is central over the rectangle of the building below it. The triangular faces of the roof are called the hip ends, and they are bounded by the hips themselves. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof The triangular faces of the roof are called the hip ends, and they are bounded by the hips themselves. The "hips" and hip rafters sit on an external corner of the building and rise to the ridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hip roof Holiday Inn is a British brand of hotels, and a subsidiary of InterContinental Hotels Group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn At the time Holiday Inn's corporate headquarters was in a converted plumbing shed owned by Johnson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn In the years during which Trailways was a subsidiary of Holiday Inn, television commercials for Holiday Inn frequently showed a Trailways bus stopping at a Holiday Inn hotel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn Although still a healthy company, changing business conditions and demographics saw Holiday Inn lose its market dominance in the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn In 1990, Bass launched Holiday Inn Express, a complementary brand in the limited service segment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn In 1999, the hotel that changed into the Nickelodeon Suites Resort Orlando in 2005, opened, called "Holiday Inn". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn The first of these prototype hotels, the Holiday Inn Gwinnett Center, was built in Duluth, Georgia, in 2003. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn The Who were banned from a Holiday Inn due to substantial property destruction by the band, especially Keith Moon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn The concurrent use proceeding resumed for the Myrtle Beach hotel, which continued to operate as "Holiday Inn", although it was required to use a distinctly different font. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn An intact sign that came from a Las Vegas location stands outside of the American Sign Museum in Cincinnati, Ohio. Another intact and operating Holiday Inn Great Sign is at The Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan, and yet another is with a private collector in Park Hills, Kentucky. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn Jimmy Buffett mentions the chain in his song "Cheeseburger in Paradise", '... Reminds me of the menu at a Holiday Inn...' --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn The Holiday Inn Corporation directory referred to the hotel as "not part of this Holiday Inn system". The hotel also owned the holidayinn.com domain, which forced the much larger corporation to use holiday-inn.com. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holiday Inn The National Park System includes all properties managed by the National Park Service, which have a wide variety of titles or designations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service The largest unit is Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service Most areas of the National Park System do not charge entrance fees and are completely supported by tax dollars, although some of the most popular areas do charge entrance fees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service Additional funds come from the Federal Land Highway Administration for the construction and repair of Park roads. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service Park will monitor mercury, lead, DDT, and other contaminants in six parks on the Great Lakes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service They range from the Web Ranger on-line program to many programs in each National Park Unit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service In 2012, the National Park Service reported that over 221,000 volunteers contributed about 6.4 million hours annually. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service Rocky Mountain National Park, in Estes Park, In August 2012 489 species were identified. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service 2013: Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, in New Orleans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service Biscayne National Park, Miami, Florida. 810 species were identified during this 24-hr event. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service In 2015, the International Bottled Water Association stated the NPS was "leaving sugary drinks as a primary alternative", even though the Park Service provides water stations to refill bottles, "encouraging visitors to hydrate for free". The Water Association made the national parks one of its top lobbying targets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Park Service This was closely followed by Princes Park in the Liverpool suburb of Toxteth, laid out to the designs of Joseph Paxton from 1842 and opened in 1843. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Park The latter was commenced in 1843 with the help of public finance and deployed the ideas he pioneered at Princes Park on a more expansive scale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Park Another early public park is the Peel Park, Salford, England opened on August 22, 1846. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Park Whitbread bought Premier Lodge in 2004 and merged it with Travel Inn to form the current business under the name "Premier Travel Inn", which was then shortened to "Premier Inn". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn In early 2006, Premier Travel Inn purchased 11 Holiday Inn hotels in England and Wales. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Premier Travel Inn started to launch a new bedroom design during this year to move away from the differences of "Travel Inn" and "Premier Lodge". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Premier Inn have sold off some of their smaller hotels (which had fewer than 30 rooms) to Good Night Inns. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn In 2016, Premier Inn launched its first hotel in the German market – Frankfurt Messe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Hub by Premier Inn is a city centre format with in-room technology such as tablets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Whitbread renamed every hotel "Premier Travel Inn". In 2005, Premier Travel Inn opened its 500th hotel in Hemel Hempstead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Premier Inn offer bus transfers to and from Dublin Airport, which is nearby. As of 2019, Premier Inn is currently pursuing an expansion in Dublin and has bought four sites in the city centre and Docklands area including at Aungiers Street, Castleforbes Business Park, Gloucester Street South and Jervis Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Premier Inn Younger homeless adolescent males, who slept in nearby Christopher Park, would often try to get in so customers would buy them drinks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall riots The march in New York covered 51 blocks, from Christopher Street to Central Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall riots Before the rebellion at the Stonewall Inn, homosexuals were, as historians Dudley Clendinen and Adam Nagourney write: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall riots The official commemoration was themed as a rally, in reference to the original rallies in front of Stonewall Inn in 1969. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall riots The CMY color model itself does not define what is meant by cyan, magenta and yellow colorimetrically, and so the results of mixing them are not specified as absolute, but relative to the primary colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) CMY color model When the exact chromaticities of the cyan, magenta, and yellow primaries are defined, the color model then becomes an absolute color space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) CMY color model If, for example, M cones could be excited alone, this would make the brain see an imaginary color greener than any physically possible green. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color See page Gamut for more information about the color range available on display devices. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color A chimerical color is an imaginary color that can be seen temporarily by looking steadily at a strong color until some of the cone cells become fatigued, temporarily changing their color sensitivities, and then looking at a markedly different color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color This led them to propose a "soft-wired model of cortical color opponency", in which populations of neurons compete to fire and in which the "losing" neurons go completely silent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Bastard color: in theatre lighting, typically in a color gel, a color blended with small amounts of complementary colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color False-color image – Methods of visualizing information by translating to colors, an image that depicts an object in colors that differ from those that a visible-colors-only photograph would show. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Tetrachromacy – Type of color vision with four types of cone cells, having four primary colors --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Although they cannot be seen, imaginary colors are often found in the mathematical descriptions that define color spaces. Any additive mixture of two real colors is also a real color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Some observers indicated that although they were aware that what they were viewing was a color (that is, the field was not achromatic), they were unable to name or describe the color. One of these observers was an artist with large color vocabulary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Impossible color Much of the original car factories at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s, and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Athol Williams, South African poet, postgraduate at Hertford and Regent's Park from 2015 to 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Oxford Villa Park is a football stadium in Aston, Birmingham, England, with a seating capacity of 42,749. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park In 1999, the last final of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup took place at Villa Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park This was the first stage in plans drawn up by Villa director Frederick Rinder that saw the capacity of Villa Park increased to 104,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Villa Park remained in much the same state for another 30 years, with no major developments until the late 1950s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park " Work on the ground was completed by April 1940, and the stand was immediately mothballed as Villa Park switched to its wartime role. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Instead, the decision was taken to build a new stand consisting of two tiers, just four years after construction of the new roof. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park The Holte End is the most renowned stand at Villa Park amongst home and away team supporters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Although much larger than the other stands, the stand has roughly the same roof level as the other three sides. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park The oldest stand at Villa Park is the North Stand, formerly known as the Witton End, completed in 1977. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park The 2012 Community Shield was held at Villa Park instead of Wembley due to Olympic Games at the stadium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Park was chosen as the venue for two pool matches in the 2015 Rugby World Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Though Villa Park was originally chosen to host the Rugby Sevens competition, the event will now be held at the Ricoh Arena. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park On 2 February 2021, it was announced that Villa Park will be used as a regional COVID-19 vaccination centre by the NHS. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Villa Park Celtic Park is the home stadium of Celtic Football Club, in the Parkhead area of Glasgow, Scotland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic Park has been used as a venue for Scotland internationals and Cup Finals when Hampden Park has been unavailable. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic Park hosted the opening ceremony of the 2014 Commonwealth Games and has also been used for concerts by the Who and U2. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic played its first match on 28 May 1888 at Celtic Park, against Rangers, which Celtic won 5–2. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park A roof was built over the back of the western "Celtic End" terrace in 1957, while floodlights were installed in 1959. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park In 1986, £1 million was spent on replacing the western terrace roof with a replica of the eastern terrace, which had been designed nearly twenty years earlier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park McCann quickly discarded the Cambuslang scheme and instead started plans to bring Celtic Park into compliance with the Taylor Report. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic played their home games at Hampden Park during the 1994–95 season, which cost the club £500,000 in rent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park This third phase added another 13,006 seats, bringing the total capacity of the new Celtic Park to 60,411. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Translucent sheets were added to the Main Stand roof in 1998, to allow more sunlight to reach the pitch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park The plans were approved in September 2017.Celtic have considered the possibility of increasing the capacity of Celtic Park by redeveloping the Main Stand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park In September 2011, Celtic started a feasibility study into creating a safe standing section in Celtic Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Although there is a law in England preventing top-flight clubs from having standing sections, no such law exists in Scotland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Before the First World War, Celtic Park was a multi-event venue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Paul McCartney planned a Celtic Park date in his 2003 Back in the World tour, but it was cancelled. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic Park was used for the opening ceremony of the 2014 Commonwealth Games opened by Queen Elizabeth II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Between 1897 and 1964, Celtic Park was served by the eponymous Parkhead Stadium railway station. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic Park sits adjacent to the A74 (London Road), near to the M74 and M8 motorways. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park The new Glasgow East End Regeneration Route, which links the two motorways, runs close by Celtic Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park The regulations in the Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975 reduced the capacity of Celtic Park to 56,500, but the club then increased the terracing to raise capacity to 67,000. In 1986, £1 million was spent on replacing the western terrace roof with a replica of the eastern terrace, which had been designed nearly twenty years earlier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park Celtic Park was an oval stadium, but has been converted to a rectangular stadium. It is intended to create an enclosed and intimidating atmosphere for big games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Celtic Park People with total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be uncomfortable in bright environments and have decreased visual acuity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Dichromats tend to learn to use texture and shape clues and so may be able to penetrate camouflage that has been designed to deceive individuals with normal color vision. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness In the eastern provinces of Canada horizontally mounted traffic lights are generally differentiated by shape to facilitate identification for those with color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness In the United States, this is not done by shape but by position, as the red light is always on the left if the light is horizontal, or on top if the light is vertical. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Acquired: Diseases, drugs (e.g., hydroxychloroquine), and chemicals such as styrene or organic solvents may cause color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Monochromacy occurs when two or all three of the cone pigments are missing and color and lightness vision is reduced to one dimension. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Cone monochromacy can also be a result of having more than one type of dichromatic color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness retinitis pigmentosa(initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness).Inherited color blindness can be congenital (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Color blindness always pertains to the cone photoreceptors in retinas, as it is the cones that detect the color frequencies of light. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness An estimated 2–3% of women have two slightly different red color cones and can be considered tetrachromats. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The Ishihara color test, which consists of a series of pictures of colored spots, is the test most often used to diagnose red–green color deficiencies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Besides the Ishihara color test, the US Navy and US Army also allow testing with the Farnsworth Lantern Test. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The patient is asked to arrange a set of colored caps or chips to form a gradual transition of color between two anchor caps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Most clinical tests are designed to be fast, simple, and effective at identifying broad categories of color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red–green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The gene for red–green color blindness is transmitted from a color blind male to all his daughters, who are usually heterozygote carriers and are thus unaffected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Protanomaly is a fairly rare form of color blindness, making up about 1% of the male population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness After analyzing what colors are confusing, daltonization algorithms can be used to create a color filter for people with color blindness to notice some color differences more easily. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Because of Dalton's work, the general condition has been called daltonism, although it usually refers specifically to red–green color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Following the crash, Professor Alarik Frithiof Holmgren, a physiologist, investigated and concluded that the color blindness of the engineer (who had died) had caused the crash. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness While many aspects of aviation depend on color coding, only a few of them are critical enough to be interfered with by some milder types of color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Restrictions may be partial, allowing color-blind persons to obtain certification but with restrictions, or total, in which case color-blind persons are not permitted to obtain piloting credentials at all. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Such findings may give an evolutionary reason for the high rate of red–green color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness There is also a study suggesting that people with some types of color blindness can distinguish colors that people with normal color vision are not able to distinguish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. There is no cure for color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness There is no cure for color blindness. Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change the teaching method to accommodate the condition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The red is blood red, the amber is yellow and the green is a bluish color. Most British road traffic lights are mounted vertically on a black rectangle with a white border (forming a "sighting board") and so dichromats can more easily look for the position of the light within the rectangle—top, middle or bottom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness They are collectively referred to as "red–green color blindness", though the term is an over-simplification and is somewhat misleading. Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. They are called anomalous trichromats. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This gene does not have any neighbor whose DNA sequence is similar. Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. They are forms of visual agnosia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness They are forms of visual agnosia. Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. They will then receive a new medical certificate with the restriction removed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness By this time the redrawing of political boundaries put Walton, and hence Goodison Park, inside the City of Liverpool. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Goodison Park featured in the filming of The Golden Vision, a BBC film made for television. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Behind the goal at the north end of Goodison Park, the Gwladys Street Stand is divided into Upper Gwladys and Lower Gwladys. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The area around Goodison Park when built was a dense area full of terraced housing, and Goodison Avenue behind the Park End stand was no different. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park One of the players to live there, Dixie Dean later had a statue erected in his honour near the Park End on Walton Lane. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The church is synonymous with the football club and a wooden church structure was in place when Goodison Park was originally built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The church can be seen from the Park End and Bullens Road and has featured prominently over the years as a backdrop during live televised matches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The proposed stadium would have had a retractable roof enabling it to be used for concerts and chairman Bill Kenwright had hoped to have it ready for the 2005–06 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Goodison Park is located two miles (3 km) north of Liverpool City Centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The stadium has only had six seasons where Everton FC has not been amongst the top ten highest attendances in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Despite being purposefully built for Everton F.C. to play football, Goodison Park has hosted many other types of events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Goodison Park became the first Football League ground to hold an FA Cup Final, in 1894. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park An estimated 53,000 attended the match, at a time when the average gate at Goodison Park in 1919–20 was near 29,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Portugal's Eusébio won the tournament's Golden Boot scoring nine goals, six of them at Goodison Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park In Garrincha's 50 caps for Brazil, the only defeat he experienced was in the game versus Hungary at Goodison Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Two years after construction, Goodison Park was chosen by the Football Association to host the final of the FA Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park During World War Two, an American forces baseball league was based at Goodison Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The Liverpool Trojans and Formby Cardinals were the last two teams to play baseball at Goodison Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The motion to purchase Goodison Park was passed unanimously. Dr. Baxter also lent the club £5,000 to redeem the mortgage early at a rate of 3½%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Of the 17 created, only Goodison Park, Ibrox and Fratton Park retain these trusses. Everton constructed covered dugouts in 1931. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park The stadium has only had six seasons where Everton FC has not been amongst the top ten highest attendances in the country. The highest average attendance in the club's history has been 51,603 (1962–63) and the lowest was 13,230 (1892–93) which was recorded in Goodison Park's first year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goodison Park Conical stone spires: These are usually found on circular towers and turrets, usually of small diameter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire Masonry spires: These are found on medieval and revival churches and cathedrals, generally with towers that are square in plan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire While masonry spires on a tower of small plan may be pyramidal, spires on towers of large plan are generally octagonal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire Other spires of this sort include the south spire of Chartres Cathedral, and the spires of Norwich Cathedral, Chichester Cathedral and Oxford Cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire The former solution is known as a broach spire. Small or short spires are known as spikes, spirelets, or flèches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire Crown spires have a fully exposed structure of arches not unlike the arches of a mediaeval European crown. The spire itself is supported by buttress structures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire In particular, the spirelets often built atop the crossings of major churches in mediaeval French Gothic architecture are called flèches. On the ridge of the roof on top of the crossing (the intersection of the nave and the transepts) of a church, flèches were typically light, delicate, timber-framed constructions with a metallic sheath of lead or copper. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire On the ridge of the roof on top of the crossing (the intersection of the nave and the transepts) of a church, flèches were typically light, delicate, timber-framed constructions with a metallic sheath of lead or copper. They are often richly decorated with architectural and sculptural embellishments: tracery, crockets, and miniature buttresses serve to adorn the flèche. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire The architecture of the spires blends entirely with the tower, making them difficult to separate. The combined tower-spires are 157 meters (515 feet) high. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spire The resort would eventually be renamed Desert Inn and was called the "D.I." by Las Vegas locals and regular guests. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn The bell captain of the Desert Inn, Jack Butler, remembered Clark: "Wilbur was the greatest guy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn Summa sold the hotel to Kirk Kerkorian and the Tracinda Corporation in 1986, and it became known as the MGM Desert Inn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn The 14-story Augusta Tower became the Desert Inn's main tower when it was completed in 1978. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn Frank Sinatra made his Las Vegas debut at the Desert Inn on September 13, 1951. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn In 1954, after a performance at the Desert Inn, Betty Hutton announced one of her several retirements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn The Desert Inn saw its last commercial use in the 2001 film Rush Hour 2, shortly before it was imploded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn The Desert Inn's most famous guest, businessman Howard Hughes, arrived on Thanksgiving Day 1966, renting the hotel's entire top two floors. After staying past his initial ten-day reservation, he was asked to leave in December so that the resort could accommodate the high rollers who were expected for New Year's Eve. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn Bobby Darin's famous album Live! At the Desert Inn was recorded at the hotel in February 1971. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Desert Inn At Mr.Kapoor's house he is given a room on the roof. Mr.Kapoor is a dunkard, who has a beautiful wife,Meena Kapoor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Room on the Roof The Madonna Inn is a motel in San Luis Obispo, California. Opened for business in 1958, it quickly became a landmark on the Central Coast of California. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Madonna Inn In May 1966, the Inn's original units were burned to the ground in a fire. It reopened a year later, and by the end of the decade, all of the rooms had been rebuilt in manner for which they are known today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Madonna Inn The following program contains coarse language and due to its content it should not be viewed by anyone. "South Park was the first weekly program to be rated TV-MA, and is generally intended for adult audiences. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Park A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof Old English hrof "roof, ceiling, top, summit; heaven, sky," also figuratively, "highest point of something," from Proto-Germanic *khrofam (cf. Dutch roef "deckhouse, cabin, coffin-lid," Middle High German rof "penthouse," Old Norse hrof "boat shed"). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof The construction of a roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to highest point. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dry regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof The shape of roofs differs greatly from region to region. The main factors which influence the shape of roofs are the climate and the materials available for roof structure and the outer covering. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof There are two parts to a roof: its supporting structure and its outer skin, or uppermost weatherproof layer. In a minority of buildings, the outer layer is also a self-supporting structure. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof A slate roof may last 75 to 150 years, and even longer. However, slate roofs are often expensive to install – in the US, for example, a slate roof may have the same cost as the rest of the house. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof Often, the first part of a slate roof to fail is the fixing nails; they corrode, allowing the slates to slip. In the UK, this condition is known as "nail sickness". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof To provide thermal insulation. Most modern commercial/industrial roof assemblies incorporate insulation boards or batt insulation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outer layer. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof For this reason most buildings have a system in place to protect the walls of a building from most of the roof water. Overhanging eaves are commonly employed for this purpose. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Roof Banff National Park became Canada's first national park in 1885. New Zealand established Tongariro National Park in 1887. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National park In the 1960s and 1970s, a modernised form of mansard roof, sometimes with deep, narrow windows, became popular for both residential and commercial architecture in many areas of the United States. In many cases, these are not true mansard roofs but flat on top, the sloped façade providing a way to conceal heating, ventilation and air-conditioning equipment from view. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mansard roof The roof of two Victorian Railways hopper wagons resembled a mansard roof. The Australian Commonwealth Railways CL class locomotive also has a mansard roof. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mansard roof Day founded Days Inn on Tybee Island, Georgia, in 1970. He proposed the idea as a means of using a piece of land he owned on the island. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Days Inn He proposed the idea as a means of using a piece of land he owned on the island. When the first Days Inn opened, Day could not find maid service, so he had his children make up the rooms' beds. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Days Inn These sources are assigned what is known as a correlated color temperature (CCT). CCT is the color temperature of a black-body radiator which to human color perception most closely matches the light from the lamp. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature In freshwater aquaria, color temperature is generally of concern only for producing a more attractive display. Lights tend to be designed to produce an attractive spectrum, sometimes with secondary attention paid to keeping the plants in the aquaria alive. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature However, they are ineffective with sources such as fluorescent or discharge lamps, whose light varies in color and may be harder to correct for. Because this light is often greenish, a magenta filter may correct it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature Color matching software, such as Apple's ColorSync for Mac OS, measures a monitor's color temperature and then adjusts its settings accordingly. This enables on-screen color to more closely match printed color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature In this case, current versions of ATSC cite default colorimetry standards depending on the format. Both of the cited standards specify a 6500 K color temperature. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature "Those for which the spectral distribution of energy is such that the color can be matched only approximately by a stimulus of the Planckian form of spectral distribution. "Several important developments occurred in 1931. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color temperature A switch is someone who participates in BDSM activities sometimes as a top and other times as a bottom or (in the case of dominance and submission) sometimes as a dominant and other times as a submissive. This is sometimes referred to as being versatile. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) Similarly, a submissive might not be a bottom; they may enjoy taking orders from a dominant without receiving any physical stimulation. For bottoms who are not submissive, the bottom is most often the partner who is giving instructions—the top typically tops when, and in the manner, requested by the bottom. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Top, bottom, switch (BDSM) The first permanent enclosed entertainment area, regulated by a single company, was founded in Coney Island in 1895: Sea Lion Park at Coney Island in Brooklyn. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Amusement park Sea Lion Park at Coney Island in Brooklyn. This park was one of the first to charge admission to get into the park in addition to sell tickets for rides within the park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Amusement park Many would be taken out by the wrecking ball to make way for suburban housing and development. In 1964, Steeplechase Park, once the king of all amusement parks, closed down for good. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Amusement park Because of its long history, Knott's Berry Farm currently claims to be "America's First Theme Park. " Knott's Berry Farm is now owned by Cedar Fair Entertainment Company. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Amusement park Color commentators are often former athletes or coaches of the sport being broadcast. The term color refers to levity and insight provided by a secondary announcer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color commentator RGBA stands for red green blue alpha. While it is sometimes described as a color space, it is actually a three-channel RGB color model supplemented with a fourth alpha channel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) RGBA color model Consequently, red + green yields yellow. In cases where the alpha is not used this can be shortened to 6 digits RRGGBB, this is why it was chosen to put the alpha in the top bits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) RGBA color model In cases where the alpha is not used this can be shortened to 6 digits RRGGBB, this is why it was chosen to put the alpha in the top bits. Depending on the context a 0x or a number sign (#) is put before the hex digits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) RGBA color model A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. Hip roofs on houses could have two triangular sides and two trapezoidal ones. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hip roof A hip roof on a rectangular plan has four faces. They are almost always at the same pitch or slope, which makes them symmetrical about the centerlines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hip roof Hip roofs are more difficult to construct than a gabled roof, requiring more complex systems of rafters or trusses. Hip roofs can be constructed on a wide variety of plan shapes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hip roof In the years during which Trailways was a subsidiary of Holiday Inn, television commercials for Holiday Inn frequently showed a Trailways bus stopping at a Holiday Inn hotel. Wilson retired from Holiday Inn in 1979. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holiday Inn Wilson retired from Holiday Inn in 1979. As of 2014, Wilson's family still operates hotels as part of the Kemmons Wilson Companies of Memphis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holiday Inn Holiday Inn Club Vacations – These are resorts aimed at families and are only based in the U.S. The accommodations are mostly villas and suites. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holiday Inn The hotel used a logo similar to the old Holiday Inn logo from the 1970s. The Holiday Inn Corporation directory referred to the hotel as "not part of this Holiday Inn system". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holiday Inn Death Valley National Park has an active mine legislated within its boundaries. Such irregularities would not be found in other parks unless specifically provided for with exceptions by the legislation that created them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Park Service Appomattox Court House National Historical Park was created in 1940. George Rogers Clark National Historical Park was dedicated in 1936. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Park Service The NPS offers a variety of youth oriented programs. They range from the Web Ranger on-line program to many programs in each National Park Unit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Park Service 2013: Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, in New Orleans. May 17–18, 2013 in the park's Barataria Preserve. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Park Service Park design is influenced by the intended purpose and audience, as well as by the available land features. A park intended to provide recreation for children may include a playground. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Park The first officially designated national park was Mackinac Island, gazetted in 1875. Australia's Royal National Park, established in 1879, was the world's second officially established national park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Park The company was established by Whitbread as Travel Inn in 1987, to compete with Travelodge. Whitbread bought Premier Lodge in 2004 and merged it with Travel Inn to form the current business under the name "Premier Travel Inn", which was then shortened to "Premier Inn". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn Whitbread bought Premier Lodge in 2004 and merged it with Travel Inn to form the current business under the name "Premier Travel Inn", which was then shortened to "Premier Inn". Premier Inn accounts for 70% of Whitbread's earnings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn The chain started trading in 1987 as Travel Inn. The first site to open was next to "The Watermill" Beefeater restaurant in Basildon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn Premier Travel Inn started to launch a new bedroom design during this year to move away from the differences of "Travel Inn" and "Premier Lodge". Until then rooms had remained as they had been before and new hotels were designed as "Travel Inns". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn The hotels were converted to Premier Inns. In April 2008, Whitbread announced a £100 million expansion of Premier Inn in London over the following three years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn In July 2015, the 700th Premier Inn was opened in Kingston-upon-Thames, London. The company plans to operate 85,000 bedrooms in the UK by 2020. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn In 2007, Premier Inn entered Ireland, when it took over the Tulip Inn in Swords. Premier Inn offer bus transfers to and from Dublin Airport, which is nearby. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn Hub by Premier Inn is a city centre format with in-room technology such as tablets. Zip by Premier Inn is lower-priced. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn Premier Inn stated that this was due to its rooms being "popular". Online and digital promotion now drive a significant proportion of bookings made for the brand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Premier Inn "By 4:00 a.m., the streets had nearly been cleared. Many people sat on stoops or gathered nearby in Christopher Park throughout the morning, dazed in disbelief at what had transpired. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall riots It's about time we did something to assert ourselves" and visited the open Stonewall Inn for the first time. While walking home, he declared to Lucian Truscott, "You know, the guys there were so beautiful—they've lost that wounded look that fags all had 10 years ago." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall riots On June 23, 2015, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission unanimously approved the designation of the Stonewall Inn as a city landmark, making it the first landmark honored for its role in the fight for gay rights. On June 24, 2016, President Obama announced the establishment of the Stonewall National Monument site to be administered by the National Park Service. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall riots On June 24, 2016, President Obama announced the establishment of the Stonewall National Monument site to be administered by the National Park Service. The designation, which followed transfer of city parkland to the federal government, protects Christopher Park and adjacent areas totaling more than seven acres; the Stonewall Inn is within the boundaries of the monument but remains privately owned. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall riots The designation, which followed transfer of city parkland to the federal government, protects Christopher Park and adjacent areas totaling more than seven acres; the Stonewall Inn is within the boundaries of the monument but remains privately owned. The National Park Foundation formed a new nonprofit organization to raise funds for a ranger station and interpretive exhibits for the monument. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall riots Any additive mixture of two real colors is also a real color. When colors are displayed in the CIE 1931 XYZ color space, additive mixture results in color along the line between the colors being mixed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Impossible color Hyperbolic colors: these are impossibly highly saturated. For example, to see "hyperbolic orange": staring at bright cyan causes an orange afterimage, then on looking at orange, the resulting orange afterimage seen against the orange background may cause an orange color purer than the purest orange color that can be made by any normally-seen light. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Impossible color One of these observers was an artist with large color vocabulary. Other observers of the novel hues described the first stimulus as a reddish-green. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Impossible color Dean shows up unexpectedly from the US after Charlotte invites him via text using Gabriela's phone. An attractive financial offer to buy the Inn is organized by Dean with a Melbourne investment company. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Falling Inn Love The university established Isis Innovation in 1987 to promote technology transfer. The Oxford Science Park was established in 1990, and the Begbroke Science Park, owned by the university, lies north of the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Oxford The next development at Villa Park was the Trinity Road Stand in 2000. It had stood since 1922 and seen several renovations and additions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Villa Park A previous owner, Randy Lerner, expressed his support for increasing the capacity as average attendances increased. If projected expansions were completed, the capacity of Villa Park would increase to around 50,000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Villa Park Sixteen international matches have been hosted at the stadium in total. Villa Park has been the venue for several Cup competitions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Villa Park Celtic was formed in 1887 and the first Celtic Park opened in Parkhead in 1888. The club moved to the current site in 1892, after the rental charge was greatly increased on the first. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park Its opening game was a match between Hibernian and Cowlairs. Celtic played its first match on 28 May 1888 at Celtic Park, against Rangers, which Celtic won 5–2. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park It was an elongated oval shape, similar to Hampden Park. A running track and concrete cycling track were also constructed around the periphery of the pitch. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park They were first used on 12 October, in a friendly match against Wolves. The northern "Hayshed" terrace, which became known as the "Jungle", was concreted in 1966 and a new roof was erected. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park A further 3,900 seats were installed in the Main Stand paddock area in 1971. A new roof was erected over the Main Stand in 1971, which cost £250,000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park Part of the upper tier is cantilevered over the graveyard. To save at least £1 million of additional steelwork, fourteen internal pillars were installed to support the roof. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park Celtic Park sits adjacent to the A74 (London Road), near to the M74 and M8 motorways. Visitors to the ground travelling by car can park in the surrounding streets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celtic Park Color blindness may make some educational activities more difficult. However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: The red is blood red, the amber is yellow and the green is a bluish color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness is a rare, hereditary color vision deficiency affecting blue–green and yellow–red/pink hue discrimination. It is related to chromosome 7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness They comprise about 8% of human males and 0.6% of females of Northern European ancestry. Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red–green color coding. Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red–green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Anomalous trichromacy is the least serious type of color deficiency. People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Protanomaly is a fairly rare form of color blindness, making up about 1% of the male population. Both protanomaly and deuteranomaly are carried on the X chromosome. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The short-wavelength pigment is shifted towards the green area of the spectrum. This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. Therefore, it is equally prevalent in both male and female populations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. Monochromats possess a complete inability to distinguish any colors and perceive only variations in brightness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This is achieved using an LMS color space. After analyzing what colors are confusing, daltonization algorithms can be used to create a color filter for people with color blindness to notice some color differences more easily. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. In Romania, there is an ongoing campaign to remove the legal restrictions that prohibit colorblind citizens from getting drivers' licenses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". For this test an FAA inspector will meet the pilot at an airport with an operating control tower. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness For this test an FAA inspector will meet the pilot at an airport with an operating control tower. The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The upper tier was seated, with terracing below, a part of the ground called The Paddock. Few changes were made until 1963 when the rear of the Paddock was seated and an overhanging roof was added. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park Goodison Park is the only stadium with two complete trusses designed by Leitch. Of the 17 created, only Goodison Park, Ibrox and Fratton Park retain these trusses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park At the south end of the ground, behind one goal, the Park End Stand backs onto Walton Lane which borders Stanley Park. The name of the stand was originally the Stanley Park End but it is commonly referred to as the Park End. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park The name of the stand was originally the Stanley Park End but it is commonly referred to as the Park End. The single tiered stand broke from the multi-tiered tradition of Goodison Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park The single tiered stand broke from the multi-tiered tradition of Goodison Park. The Park End has the smallest capacity at Goodison Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park The Park End has the smallest capacity at Goodison Park. The current layout of the stand was opened on 17 September 1994 with a capacity of 5,750. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park It was opened by David Hunt, a Member of Parliament. During the structure's development, fans were able to watch matches by climbing trees in neighbouring Stanley Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park During the structure's development, fans were able to watch matches by climbing trees in neighbouring Stanley Park. In the late 1970s and 1980s the stand accommodated the away fans. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park The area around Goodison Park when built was a dense area full of terraced housing, and Goodison Avenue behind the Park End stand was no different. Oddly housing was built right into the stand itself (as shown on old photographs of Goodison and in programmes). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park An estimated 53,000 attended the match, at a time when the average gate at Goodison Park in 1919–20 was near 29,000. Dick, Kerr's Ladies won 4–0. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park Portugal's Eusébio won the tournament's Golden Boot scoring nine goals, six of them at Goodison Park. Eusébio later stated that "Goodison Park is for me the best stadium in my life". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Goodison Park While masonry spires on a tower of small plan may be pyramidal, spires on towers of large plan are generally octagonal. The spire is supported on stone squinches which span the corners of the tower, making an octagonal plan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spire The combined tower-spires are 157 meters (515 feet) high. The church is the tallest cathedral anywhere and has the tallest pair of spires. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spire The bell captain of the Desert Inn, Jack Butler, remembered Clark: "Wilbur was the greatest guy. Without him this town never would've got off the ground. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Desert Inn The Desert Inn was the first hotel in Las Vegas to feature a fountain at the entrance. A "Dancing Waters" show involved the fountain jets choreographed to music. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Desert Inn For six bucks you got a filet mignon dinner and me". Noël Coward performed at the Inn on one occasion for an entire month. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Desert Inn David, an ad man, proposes a campaign centered around the generosity of the casino in his case, replete with a jingle: "The Desert Inn has heart... The Desert Inn has heart." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Desert Inn He runs away from his home and lives with his friend Somi, who gets him a job as an English teacher for Kishen (Mr.Kapoor's son). At Mr.Kapoor's house he is given a room on the roof. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Room on the Roof
6065.	Q: What weapon is the devil holding in St. Michael the Archangel statue (at Saint Michael Church, Fort Loramie, Ohio)? Title = Saint Michael Church (Fort Loramie, Ohio) - St. Michael the Archangel statue Description = A: A trident Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Ohio River, Uriel, Ohio, Saint Michael in the Catholic Church, Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula, Cleveland, Lake Loramie State Park, Saint Michael, Barbados, Ohio City, Ohio, Cincinnati, Treaty of Greenville, Prayer to Saint Michael, Chaplet of Saint Michael, Raphael (archangel), Northwest Territory, Gabriel, List of OHSAA basketball champions, St Michael's Mount, Miami and Erie Canal, Cronos (film), Castel Sant'Angelo, Michael (archangel), List of cities in Ohio, Ohio State Route 362, Church of Saint Michael (Olomouc), Ohio State University, St. Michael, Minnesota, Order of St Michael and St George, Fort Loramie, Ohio, Michaelmas, Hősök tere, List of forts in the United States, The Oh in Ohio, Jerahmeel (archangel), Fort Loramie High School, Ohio-class submarine, Columbus, Ohio, Northwest Central Conference, St Michael (brand), Saint Michaels, Maryland, Church of Saint Michael, Vienna, St. Michael's Church, Selaphiel Toggle details	Dedicated to the Archangel Michael, St. Michael's Church is located at Michaelerplatz across from St. Michael's Gate at the Hofburg Palace. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna The Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic devotional scapular associated with Saint Michael. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel by Pope Leo XIII: Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) Prayer to Saint Michael And finally, Saint Michael is the Guardian of the Church. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Prayer to Saint Michael "Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Prayer to Saint Michael Saint Michael the Archangel who is always in the presence of God. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Prayer to Saint Michael This might mean that St. Michael now occupies the position once held by Lucifer, rising from his post of Archangel. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church SR 362 begins at the northern edge of the business district in Fort Loramie. After passing the St. Michael's Catholic Church and several houses and business, the highway goes east out of town and enters farmland. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Ohio State Route 362 Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel by Pope Leo XIII: --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Prayer to Saint Michael Catholics often refer to Michael as "Holy Michael, the Archangel" or "Saint Michael", a title that does not indicate canonisation. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Michael (archangel) The Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel (CSMA), also known as the Michaelite Fathers, is a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church founded in 1897. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Michael (archangel) Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel in Gamu, Isabela, Philippines --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Michael (archangel) After passing the St. Michael's Catholic Church and several houses and business, the highway goes east out of town and enters farmland. After turning north at the intersection with Fort Loramie–Swanders Road, SR 362 passes a picnic area. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Ohio State Route 362 Media related to Church of Saint Michael (Olomouc) at Wikimedia Commons --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Church of Saint Michael (Olomouc) The city took its name from St. Michael Roman Catholic Church. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) St. Michael, Minnesota Saint Michael's Church (German: Michaelerkirche) is one of the oldest churches in Vienna, Austria, and also one of its few remaining Romanesque buildings. Dedicated to the Archangel Michael, St. Michael's Church is located at Michaelerplatz across from St. Michael's Gate at the Hofburg Palace. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna Saint Michael has long been recognized as the protector and guardian of the Church itself and the angel of the Blessed Sacrament. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael the Archangel you were the first to love God, first to obey God, first to serve God, and the first to defend the Throne of the Most High God. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Prayer to Saint Michael The city took its name from St. Michael Roman Catholic Church. St. Michael was incorporated in 1890. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) St. Michael, Minnesota Dedicated to the Archangel Michael, St. Michael's Church is located at Michaelerplatz across from St. Michael's Gate at the Hofburg Palace. St. Michael's used to be the parish church of the Imperial Court, when it was called Zum heiligen Michael. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna e.g., Pope Boniface IV dedicated Saint Michael's Church in Rome on that day in 610. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is viewed as the commander of the Army of God. From the time of the apostles, he has been invoked and honored as the protector of the Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic devotional scapular associated with Saint Michael. Pope Pius IX gave to this scapular his blessing, but it was first formally approved under Pope Leo XIII who sanctioned the Archconfraternity of the Scapular of Saint Michael. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Opus Sanctorum Angelorum presents the following prayer as an Act of Consecration to Saint Michael the Archangel: --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Prayer to Saint Michael Prior to 1878, the Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel could be worn as part of a Roman Catholic Archconfraternity. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Michael (archangel) Prior to 1878, the Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel could be worn as part of a Roman Catholic Archconfraternity. Presently, enrollment is authorized as this holy scapular remains as one of the 18 approved by the Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Michael (archangel) At Garabandal, the apparitions of the Archangel Michael were mainly reported as announcing the arrivals of the Virgin Mary. The Catholic Church has neither approved nor condemned the Garabandal apparitions. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Michael (archangel) Its patron saints, as the name suggests, are St. Michael the Archangel, and St. George, patron saint of England. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Order of St Michael and St George Saint Michael the Archangel is referenced in the Old Testament and has been part of Christian teachings since the earliest times. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael the Archangel who is always in the presence of God. Three times blessed Prince of the Heavenly Host. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Prayer to Saint Michael Antónia d'Astónaco was a Portuguese Carmelite nun who reported a private revelation by Saint Michael the Archangel. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chaplet of Saint Michael In 1536 Montelupo also created a marble statue of Saint Michael holding his sword after the 590 plague (as described above) to surmount the Castel. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Castel Sant'Angelo In Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran systems of faith, he is called Saint Michael the Archangel and Saint Michael. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Michael (archangel) In the Oriental Orthodox faith he is called Saint Michael the Taxiarch. In many Protestant denominations, he is referred to as Archangel Michael. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Michael (archangel) Fort Loramie High School is a public high school in Fort Loramie, Ohio in Shelby County. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Fort Loramie High School The Church of St. Uriel the Archangel in Sea Girt, New Jersey is a testimony to Anglicans' devotion to Uriel. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Uriel Lake Loramie State Park is a public recreation area located on the northeast side of Fort Loramie, Ohio. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Lake Loramie State Park Frank Marshall, Anglican Dean of Barbados, based at the Cathedral Church of Saint Michael and All Angels in Saint Michael --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Saint Michael, Barbados The Prayer to Saint Michael the Archangel usually refers to one specific Catholic prayer to Michael the Archangel, among the various prayers in existence that are addressed to him. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Prayer to Saint Michael Saint Michael the Archangel you were the first to love God, first to obey God, first to serve God, and the first to defend the Throne of the Most High God. You have promised to exercise your unlimited power in favor of those that honor you. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Prayer to Saint Michael The Archangel Michael promised to whoever would pray this Chaplet: --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Powers may the Lord protect our souls against the snares and temptations of the devil. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chaplet of Saint Michael Pray for us, O glorious St. Michael, Prince of the Church of Jesus Christ, that we may be made worthy of His promises. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chaplet of Saint Michael John of God Catholic Church in Chicago, IL, was disassembled, moved and reassembled as St. Raphael the Archangel Church in Mill Creek, IL. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Raphael (archangel) Catholics often refer to Michael as "Holy Michael, the Archangel" or "Saint Michael", a title that does not indicate canonisation. He is generally referred to in Christian litanies as "Saint Michael", as in the Litany of the Saints. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Michael (archangel) After passing the St. Michael's Catholic Church and several houses and business, the highway goes east out of town and enters farmland. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ohio State Route 362 Church of Saint Michael (Czech: Kostel svatého Michala) is a Roman Catholic church in Olomouc, Czech Republic. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Church of Saint Michael (Olomouc) A post office called St. Michael has been in operation since 1858. The city took its name from St. Michael Roman Catholic Church. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) St. Michael, Minnesota Canal boats hauled the limestone for the foundation of St. Michael’s Church, built by German Catholic settlers starting in 1849. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Fort Loramie, Ohio In the Roman Catholic Church on 29 September only three Archangels are celebrated: Saint Michael, Saint Gabriel, and Saint Raphael. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Michaelmas "Saint Michael the archangel, defend us in battle. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is often portrayed in art with scales. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael the Archangel is referenced in the Old Testament and has been part of Christian teachings since the earliest times. In Catholic writings and traditions he acts as the defender of the Church and chief opponent of Satan, and assists people at the hour of death. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael's third role is weighing peoples' merits (hence the saint is often depicted holding scales) on Judgment Day. And finally, Saint Michael is the Guardian of the Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The tradition of Michael as prince-protector of the Jewish people was adopted by the Christian Church. Saint Michael has long been recognized as the protector and guardian of the Church itself and the angel of the Blessed Sacrament. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In its "supplication and exorcism that may be used in special circumstances affecting the Church", it includes, for optional use, the 1902 prayer to Saint Michael and also allows it to be replaced by another prayer better known by the people (pp. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Prayer to Saint Michael Half an hour later he had written the Saint Michael prayer. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Prayer to Saint Michael Praying the chaplet is said to provide the assistance from Saint Michael the Archangel and the company of one angel from each of the nine celestial choirs when approaching Holy Communion. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chaplet of Saint Michael The chaplet concludes with a prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chaplet of Saint Michael That lock is the only working lock in the state of Ohio. The northern portion of the towpath (from Fort Loramie to Delphos and beyond) is used as a hiking trail. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Miami and Erie Canal In his fourth role, Saint Michael, the special patron of the Chosen People in the Old Testament, is also the guardian of the Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michael (archangel) In the calendar of the Church of England diocese of Truro, 8 May is the feast of St. Michael, Protector of Cornwall. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michael (archangel) After the evangelisation of Germany, where mountains were often dedicated to pagan gods, Christians placed many mountains under the patronage of the Archangel, and numerous mountain chapels of St. Michael appeared all over Germany. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michael (archangel) In Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran systems of faith, he is called Saint Michael the Archangel and Saint Michael. In the Oriental Orthodox faith he is called Saint Michael the Taxiarch. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michael (archangel) An Anglican sisterhood dedicated to Saint Michael under the title of the Community of St Michael and All Angels was founded in 1851. The Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel (CSMA), also known as the Michaelite Fathers, is a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church founded in 1897. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michael (archangel) (Latin for "Token of a better age"). Its patron saints, as the name suggests, are St. Michael the Archangel, and St. George, patron saint of England. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Order of St Michael and St George In the fifth century, a basilica near Rome was dedicated in honour of Saint Michael the Archangel on 30 September, beginning with celebrations on the eve of that day. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Michaelmas Saint Michael's Church (German: Michaelerkirche) is one of the oldest churches in Vienna, Austria, and also one of its few remaining Romanesque buildings. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna The Melkite Catholic Church additionally venerates the Archangel Raguel. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is viewed as the commander of the Army of God. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The cult of St. Michael was widespread in the British Isles during the Middle Ages. Legends include a number of reported appearances of Saint Michael, where sanctuaries or churches were later built or dedicated to him. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church And many churches that honor Saint Michael are dedicated on the 29th of September, e.g., Pope Boniface IV dedicated Saint Michael's Church in Rome on that day in 610. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Prayer to Saint Michael the Archangel usually refers to one specific Catholic prayer to Michael the Archangel, among the various prayers in existence that are addressed to him. It falls within the realm of prayers on spiritual warfare. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Prayer to Saint Michael Sometime in the 1750s, d'Astónaco said that the Archangel Michael had indicated in an apparition that he would like to be honored, and God glorified, by the praying of nine special invocations. These nine invocations correspond to invocations to the nine choirs of angels and origins the Chaplet of Saint Michael. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chaplet of Saint Michael In many Protestant denominations, he is referred to as Archangel Michael. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Michael (archangel) While in the Serbian Orthodox Church Saint Sava has a special role as the establisher of its autocephaly and the largest Belgrade church is devoted to him, the capital Belgrade's Orthodox cathedral, the see church of the patriarch, is devoted to Archangel Michael (in Serbian: Арханђел Михаило / Arhanđel Mihailo). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Michael (archangel) For this reason, Michael is often depicted holding scales. In his fourth role, Saint Michael, the special patron of the Chosen People in the Old Testament, is also the guardian of the Church. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Michael (archangel) Fort Loramie is a village in Shelby County, Ohio, United States, along Loramie Creek, a tributary of the Great Miami River in southwestern Ohio. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Fort Loramie, Ohio During the War of 1812, Fort Loramie served as a supply depot for forts in northern Ohio, and as a waystation for expeditions against the British in Michigan and Canada. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Fort Loramie, Ohio In 1911, the name of the town was changed to Fort Loramie. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Fort Loramie, Ohio In Anglican and Episcopal tradition, there are three or four archangels in its calendar for 29 September feast for St. Michael and All Angels: namely Michael, Gabriel and Raphael, and often, Uriel. In the Roman Catholic Church on 29 September only three Archangels are celebrated: Saint Michael, Saint Gabriel, and Saint Raphael. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Michaelmas The Anglican intercessional prayer to Saint Uriel the Archangel is as follows; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uriel He is celebrated in the Anglican liturgical calendars on the Feast of the Archangels. The Church of St. Uriel the Archangel in Sea Girt, New Jersey is a testimony to Anglicans' devotion to Uriel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Uriel In Roman Catholicism Saint Michael has four distinct roles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Noted hagiographer Alban Butler, defined the role of Saint Michael: "Who is like God?" was the cry of Archangel Michael when he smote the rebel Lucifer in the conflict of the heavenly hosts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is one of the angels presumed present at the hour of death. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church This role of Saint Michael was depicted by Michelangelo on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The earliest indications of a cult of St. Michael occur in the Near East. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Gregory reportedly saw a vision of Saint Michael atop the Mausoleum of Hadrian. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church (Castle of the Holy Angel) in honor of St. Michael. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Legends include a number of reported appearances of Saint Michael, where sanctuaries or churches were later built or dedicated to him. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Monasteries such as Mont Saint-Michel off the coast of Normandy, France, and Skellig Michael, off the coast of County Kerry, Ireland, dedicated to the Archangel are examples of these. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church St. Bernard of Clairvaux recommended the invocation of Saint Michael at times of temptation and sorrow: "Whenever any grievous temptation or vehement sorrow oppresses thee, invoke thy guardian, thy leader, cry out to him, and say, 'Lord, save us, lest we perish!'"St. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church And many churches that honor Saint Michael are dedicated on the 29th of September, --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael symbolizes the victory of good over evil, and he has been widely represented in art through the ages. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Within the hierarchy of the angels, at the highest level, St. Michael is a princely seraph, an angel of supreme power and the leader of God's army. This might mean that St. Michael now occupies the position once held by Lucifer, rising from his post of Archangel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Because most monastic islands lie close to land, they were viewed as forts holding demons at a distance against attacks on the Church. Monasteries such as Mont Saint-Michel off the coast of Normandy, France, and Skellig Michael, off the coast of County Kerry, Ireland, dedicated to the Archangel are examples of these. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A chapel dedicated to Saint Michael was probably built on the Treurenberg hill as early as the 9th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula A statue commemorating his achievement can be found in Downtown Cleveland at Fort Washington Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cleveland The parish of St. Michael is one of eleven parishes of Barbados. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael, Barbados This is the meeting point of the parishes of St. George, St. Michael, and St. Thomas. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Saint Michael, Barbados From there, the line ran west-southwest to near present-day Fort Loramie on a branch of the Great Miami River. From there, the line ran west-northwest to Fort Recovery on the Wabash River near the present-day boundary between Ohio and Indiana. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Treaty of Greenville Other prayers to Saint Michael have also been officially approved and printed on prayer cards. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Prayer to Saint Michael God's greatest champion, St Michael the Archangel protect us! --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Prayer to Saint Michael Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the devil; May God rebuke him, we humbly pray; And do thou, O Prince of the Heavenly Host, by the power of God, thrust into hell Satan and all evil spirits who wander through the world for the ruin of souls. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Prayer to Saint Michael "Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the devil; May God rebuke him, we humbly pray; And do thou, O Prince of the Heavenly Host, by the power of God, thrust into hell Satan and all evil spirits who wander through the world for the ruin of souls. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Prayer to Saint Michael The Chaplet of Saint Michael the Archangel, also called the Rosary of the Angels is a chaplet resulting from a reported private revelation by the Archangel Michael to the Portuguese Carmelite nun Antónia de Astónaco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chaplet of Saint Michael These nine invocations correspond to invocations to the nine choirs of angels and origins the Chaplet of Saint Michael. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chaplet of Saint Michael Almighty and Everlasting God, Who, by a prodigy of goodness and a merciful desire for the salvation of all men, has appointed the most glorious Archangel St. Michael Prince of Your Church, make us worthy, we ask You, to be delivered from all our enemies, that none of them may harass us at the hour of death, but that we may be conducted by him into Your Presence. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chaplet of Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)6. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Powers may the Lord protect our souls against the snares and temptations of the devil. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chaplet of Saint Michael In 1969 the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with the feast of the archangels St. Michael and St. Raphael. The Church of England has also adopted the 29 September date, known as Michaelmas. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gabriel Leo X built a chapel with a Madonna by Raffaello da Montelupo. In 1536 Montelupo also created a marble statue of Saint Michael holding his sword after the 590 plague (as described above) to surmount the Castel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Castel Sant'Angelo In the Oriental Orthodox faith he is called Saint Michael the Taxiarch. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) This contributed to the standard iconography that developed of Archangel Michael as a warrior saint slaying a dragon. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) He is generally referred to in Christian litanies as "Saint Michael", as in the Litany of the Saints. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Saint Michael was revered by the military orders of knights during the Middle Ages. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) A number of feasts dedicated to Archangel Michael are celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox throughout the year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) The day is also considered the feast of Saints Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael, in the General Roman Calendar and the Feast of Saint Michael and All Angels according to the Church of England. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Apart from his being a patron of warriors, the sick and the suffering also consider Archangel Michael their patron saint. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) The Canons Regular of the Order of St Michael the Archangel (OSM) are an Order of professed religious within the Anglican Church in North America, the North American component of the Anglican realignment movement. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) At Garabandal, the apparitions of the Archangel Michael were mainly reported as announcing the arrivals of the Virgin Mary. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Pfarrei Brixen St. Michael with the White Tower, Brixen, Italy --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula, in Brussels, Belgium --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) In the 4th century, Saint Basil the Great's homily (De Angelis) placed Saint Michael over all the angels. He was called "Archangel" because he heralds other angels, the title Ἀρχαγγέλος (archangelos) being used of him in Jude 1:9. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) In his fourth role, Saint Michael, the special patron of the Chosen People in the Old Testament, is also the guardian of the Church. Saint Michael was revered by the military orders of knights during the Middle Ages. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) The place of Michael in the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is as a saintly intercessor. He is the one who presents to God the prayers of the just, who accompanies the souls of the dead to heaven, who defeats the devil. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) In the calendar of the Church of England diocese of Truro, 8 May is the feast of St. Michael, Protector of Cornwall. The archangel Michael is one of the three patron saints of Cornwall. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Based on the legend of his 8th-century apparition at Mont-Saint-Michel, France, the Archangel is the patron of mariners in this famous sanctuary. After the evangelisation of Germany, where mountains were often dedicated to pagan gods, Christians placed many mountains under the patronage of the Archangel, and numerous mountain chapels of St. Michael appeared all over Germany. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) The Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel (CSMA), also known as the Michaelite Fathers, is a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church founded in 1897. The Canons Regular of the Order of St Michael the Archangel (OSM) are an Order of professed religious within the Anglican Church in North America, the North American component of the Anglican realignment movement. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) The Canons Regular of the Order of St Michael the Archangel (OSM) are an Order of professed religious within the Anglican Church in North America, the North American component of the Anglican realignment movement. In the United States military Saint Michael is considered to be a patron of paratroopers and, in particular, the 82nd Airborne Division. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michael (archangel) Church of Saint Michael (Czech: Kostel svatého Michala) is a Roman Catholic church in Olomouc, Czech Republic. It is one of the most important landmarks of the city. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Saint Michael (Olomouc) A post office called St. Michael has been in operation since 1858. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Michael, Minnesota The history is also tracked by the St. Michael Historical Society, whose mission is "to collect, preserve and share the history of the City of St. Michael." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Michael, Minnesota St. Michael is part of St. Michael–Albertville Independent School District#885. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Michael, Minnesota Caleb Truax – Professional boxer; born in Osseo and resides in St. Michael. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Michael, Minnesota This is Dame Commander of St. Michael and St George (DCMG). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Order of St Michael and St George Its patron saints, as the name suggests, are St. Michael the Archangel, and St. George, patron saint of England. One of its primary symbols is that of St Michael trampling over and subduing Satan in battle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Order of St Michael and St George Fort Loramie is a village in Shelby County, Ohio, United States, along Loramie Creek, a tributary of the Great Miami River in southwestern Ohio. It is 42 mi. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fort Loramie, Ohio Between 1836 and 1841, the Miami and Erie Canal was built intersecting the town. Canal boats hauled the limestone for the foundation of St. Michael’s Church, built by German Catholic settlers starting in 1849. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fort Loramie, Ohio Canal boats hauled the limestone for the foundation of St. Michael’s Church, built by German Catholic settlers starting in 1849. A log church building from 1838 had preceded the stone and brick church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fort Loramie, Ohio In the fifth century, a basilica near Rome was dedicated in honour of Saint Michael the Archangel on 30 September, beginning with celebrations on the eve of that day. 29 September is now kept in honour of Saint Michael and all Angels throughout some western churches. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Michaelmas Fort St. Mary's (in 1812, Fort Barbee was erected on the same site) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of forts in the United States It is the only high school in the Fort Loramie School district. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fort Loramie High School The Board of Education for the Fort Loramie Schools consists of five people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fort Loramie High School St. Michael's is famous for its Michaelergruft, a large crypt located underneath the church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ohio River Carrying the cup, he and the Archangel Michael rushed into the world and sprinkled it all over Ethiopia, in every place where a drop of blood fell a church was built. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Uriel Secondly, he is the Christian angel of death: at the hour of death, Saint Michael descends and gives each person the chance to redeem oneself before passing. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is the traditional prototype of the spiritual warrior, a paradigm extended to other warrior saints. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The tradition of Michael as prince-protector of the Jewish people was adopted by the Christian Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The cult of St. Michael was widespread in the British Isles during the Middle Ages. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Devotions to Saint Michael have a large Catholic following, and a number of churches are dedicated to him worldwide. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Roman Catholic devotions to Saint Michael have been expressed in a variety of forms, including a chaplet and scapular. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Pope Leo XIII added a Prayer to Saint Michael to the Leonine Prayers in 1886. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Like any other novena, the novenas to Saint Michael are prayed on nine consecutive days. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Through the centuries, Catholic devotions to Saint Michael have resulted in a number of poems and hymns. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In some depictions, the Latin phrase Quis ut Deus? can be seen on the shield of Saint Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church "Saint Michael the archangel, defend us in battle. Be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the Devil. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Their feast day is on November 8. The Melkite Catholic Church additionally venerates the Archangel Raguel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church He subsequently renamed the Mausoleum Castel Sant'Angelo (Castle of the Holy Angel) in honor of St. Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The patron saints of the church, Saint Michael and Saint Gudula, are also the patron saints of the City of Brussels. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula Lake Loramie State Park Map Ohio Department of Natural Resource --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Lake Loramie State Park The Needham's Point Lighthouse is located in Needham's Point, Saint Michael, behind the new Hilton Barbados Hotel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael, Barbados with Christ Church: – Starts from the meeting point of the parishes of St. George, St. Michael, and Christ Church and proceeds southerly along the plantation track and the boundary between the residential developments called Fort George Heights and Kent House to the boundary junction with public road called Highway R. Then it moves westerly along Highway R to its junction at Wildey with the Airport to West Coast Highway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michael, Barbados General David Ziegler succeeded General St. Clair in command at Fort Washington. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cincinnati Fort Greenville was abandoned in 1796; it would be another 12 years before the settlement of Greenville, Ohio, was founded on the site. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Treaty of Greenville In reality, it was only in 1884 that the Pope instituted the Leonine Prayers, still at that time without the prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Prayer to Saint Michael In 1999, the Holy See issued a revised version of its Rite of Exorcism. In its "supplication and exorcism that may be used in special circumstances affecting the Church", it includes, for optional use, the 1902 prayer to Saint Michael and also allows it to be replaced by another prayer better known by the people (pp. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Prayer to Saint Michael You have promised to exercise your unlimited power in favor of those that honor you. God's greatest champion, St Michael the Archangel protect us! --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Prayer to Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Virtues may the Lord preserve us from evil and falling into temptation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chaplet of Saint Michael Praying the chaplet is said to provide the assistance from Saint Michael the Archangel and the company of one angel from each of the nine celestial choirs when approaching Holy Communion. In addition, for those who would recite the Chaplet daily, he promised his continual assistance and that of all the holy angels during life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chaplet of Saint Michael In October 1791 as an advance post for his campaign, Fort Jefferson (Ohio), was built under his direction. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northwest Territory Fort Washington, Ohio, summer 1789 (later relocated and became the Newport Barracks, KY) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northwest Territory Fort Frye, Ohio, January–February 1791 (not a U.S. military garrison) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northwest Territory Fort Defiance, Ohio, August 1794 (Battle of Fallen Timbers, August 1794) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Northwest Territory Thus ended its association with Mont St Michel, and any connection with Looe Island (dedicated to the Archangel Michael). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Michael's Mount The northern portion of the towpath (from Fort Loramie to Delphos and beyond) is used as a hiking trail. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Miami and Erie Canal In 1536 Montelupo also created a marble statue of Saint Michael holding his sword after the 590 plague (as described above) to surmount the Castel. Later Paul III built a rich apartment, to ensure that in any future siege the pope had an appropriate place to stay. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Castel Sant'Angelo In the 4th century, Saint Basil the Great's homily (De Angelis) placed Saint Michael over all the angels. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) In Roman Catholic teachings, Saint Michael has four main roles or offices. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) In this role Michael descends at the hour of death, and gives each soul the chance to redeem itself before passing; thus consternating the devil and his minions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Roman Catholicism includes traditions such as the Prayer to Saint Michael, which specifically asks for the faithful to be "defended" by the saint. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) The Chaplet of Saint Michael consists of nine salutations, one for each choir of angels. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Archangel Michael is mentioned in a number of Eastern Orthodox hymns and prayer, and his icons are widely used within Eastern Orthodox churches. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) The place of Michael in the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is as a saintly intercessor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Michael continues to be recognizedamong Protestants by key churches dedicated to him, e.g., St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg and St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim, each of which is of the Lutheran Church and has appeared in the Bundesländer series of €2 commemorative coins for 2008 and 2014 respectively. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) These nine invocations correspond to invocations to the nine choirs of angels and origins the famous Chaplet of Saint Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) In Christian art, Archangel Michael may be depicted alone or with other angels such as Gabriel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Sacra di San Michele (Saint Michael's Abbey), near Turin, Italy --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Basilica of St Michael the Archangel, Pensacola, Florida, United States --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) Apart from his being a patron of warriors, the sick and the suffering also consider Archangel Michael their patron saint. Based on the legend of his 8th-century apparition at Mont-Saint-Michel, France, the Archangel is the patron of mariners in this famous sanctuary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michael (archangel) SR 362 begins at the northern edge of the business district in Fort Loramie. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ohio State Route 362 After turning north at the intersection with Fort Loramie–Swanders Road, SR 362 passes a picnic area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ohio State Route 362 St. Michael is a city in eastern Wright County, Minnesota, United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St. Michael, Minnesota There is also a private Catholic school in St. Michael for grades K–8, including preschool. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St. Michael, Minnesota Dick Bremer – sports broadcaster for the Minnesota Twins; resides in St. Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St. Michael, Minnesota Fort Loramie has a public library, a branch of Shelby County Libraries. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fort Loramie, Ohio Most of the early settlers were German. In 1911, the name of the town was changed to Fort Loramie. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fort Loramie, Ohio In Christian angelology, the Archangel Michael is the greatest of all the angels and is honored for defeating Lucifer in the war in heaven. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michaelmas 29 September is now kept in honour of Saint Michael and all Angels throughout some western churches. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michaelmas It is said that when St Michael expelled Lucifer, the devil, from heaven, he fell from the skies and landed in a prickly blackberry bush. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michaelmas In the Roman Catholic Church on 29 September only three Archangels are celebrated: Saint Michael, Saint Gabriel, and Saint Raphael. Their feasts were unified in one common day during the second half of the 20th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Michaelmas Fort Hayes, originally Columbus Arsenal, an Ohio Militia depot20th century forts --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of forts in the United States Saint Michaels, also known as St. Michaels, is a town in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michaels, Maryland Norman Johnson Stewart, Sr., artist, was a resident of St. Michael's. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michaels, Maryland He taught model ship building classes at the St. Michael's Maritime Museum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Michaels, Maryland St. Michael's used to be the parish church of the Imperial Court, when it was called Zum heiligen Michael. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna Short-lived, special-purpose forts included Fort Steuben (Ohio), Fort Finney (Indiana), Fort Finney (Ohio) and Fort Gower (Ohio). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ohio River Territorial surveyors from Fort Steuben began surveying an area of eastern Ohio called the Seven Ranges at about the same time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ohio The Shawnees may have absorbed the Fort Ancient people. It is also possible that the Monongahela held no land in Ohio during the Colonial Era. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ohio Saint Michael's third role is weighing peoples' merits (hence the saint is often depicted holding scales) on Judgment Day. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael defeats Satan two times, first when he ejects Satan from Paradise, and then in the final battle of the end times when the Antichrist will be defeated by him. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In Catholic tradition, on Judgment Day Saint Michael weighs souls based on their deeds during their life on earth. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is also the guardian angel of the pope and has been invoked as the patron and guardian angel of many countries as well as specific professions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Greek, Syrian, and Coptic Churches had venerated St. Michael since at least the early sixth century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Michael the Archangel is the patron saint of grocers, mariners, paratroopers, police officers, and military personnel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael's feast day of September 29 has been solemnly celebrated in many locations since the fifth century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A prayer to St. Michael for protection is found in the Carmina Gadelica, collected by Alexander Carmichael in the Gaelic-speaking regions of Scotland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Pope Pius IX gave to this scapular his blessing, but it was first formally approved under Pope Leo XIII who sanctioned the Archconfraternity of the Scapular of Saint Michael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A prayer to Saint Michael is included in the Rite of Exorcism in the Roman Ritual, and was retained, in edited form, in the 1999 revision of the rite. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Depictions of Saint Michael often portray the scene where Satan, or the fallen angels, are helpless below the sword or spear of a triumphant Saint Michael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In Roman Catholicism Saint Michael has four distinct roles. First, he is the Enemy of Satan and the fallen angels. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is one of the angels presumed present at the hour of death. Traditionally, he is charged to assist the dying and accompany them to their particular judgment, where he serves as an advocate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Gregory reportedly saw a vision of Saint Michael atop the Mausoleum of Hadrian. The archangel sheathed his sword, suggesting to the pope that the peril was ended. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The role of Saint Michael as protector and guardian has also led to the design of statues that depict him, and the construction of Churches and monasteries at specific locations. Because most monastic islands lie close to land, they were viewed as forts holding demons at a distance against attacks on the Church. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Francis of Assisi was especially devoted to Saint Michael and would fast for about forty days from the feast of the Assumption (August 15) to Saint Michael's feast day on September 29. Some Franciscan communities continue to observe the period from August 15 to September 29 as "St. Michael's Lent", a time of fasting and prayer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A chapel dedicated to Saint Michael was probably built on the Treurenberg hill as early as the 9th century. In the 11th century, it was replaced by a Romanesque church. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula In 1949, Lake Loramie was turned over the Division of Parks and Recreation of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Loramie State Park Lake Loramie State Park is a public recreation area located on the northeast side of Fort Loramie, Ohio. It occupies 407 acres (165 ha) on 1,655-acre (670 ha) Lake Loramie and is operated by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lake Loramie State Park Other major infrastructure in St. Michael is the international seaport of Barbados—the Deep Water Harbour. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael, Barbados Kayla Foods Int'l (Barbados) Inc., an international division of Yogen Früz, is located in Saint Michael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michael, Barbados The treaty redefined with slight modifications the boundaries in Ohio established previously by the Treaty of Fort McIntosh in 1785 and reasserted in the Treaty of Fort Harmar in 1789. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Treaty of Greenville From there, the line ran west-southwest to near present-day Fort Loramie on a branch of the Great Miami River. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Treaty of Greenville The Book of Revelation refers to this same battle, recalling before our eyes the image of St Michael the Archangel (cf. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Prayer to Saint Michael The exorcism formula, with its incorporated prayer to Saint Michael, was inserted into the 1898 edition of the Roman Ritual. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Prayer to Saint Michael And I render due respect for your Holy Will so harmoniously united to the Holy Will of Jesus and the Holy Will of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the good of mankind. Saint Michael the Archangel you were the first to love God, first to obey God, first to serve God, and the first to defend the Throne of the Most High God. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Prayer to Saint Michael Sometime in the 1750s, d'Astónaco said that the Archangel Michael had indicated in an apparition that he would like to be honored, and God glorified, by the praying of nine special invocations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Seraphim may the Lord make us worthy to burn with the fire of perfect charity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Dominions may the Lord give us grace to govern our senses and overcome any unruly passions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Principalities may God fill our souls with a true spirit of obedience. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Angels may the Lord grant us to be protected by them in this mortal life and conducted in the life to come to Heaven. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael The Chaplet of Saint Michael the Archangel, also called the Rosary of the Angels is a chaplet resulting from a reported private revelation by the Archangel Michael to the Portuguese Carmelite nun Antónia de Astónaco. The chaplet was approved by Pope Pius IX in 1851. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chaplet of Saint Michael The little statue of St. Raphael that accompanied Da Gama on the voyage is now in the Naval Museum in Lisbon. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Raphael (archangel) St. Raphael's Church, Huccaby, Hexworthy, Dartmoor National Park, Devon, England --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Raphael (archangel) A Federalist, St. Clair hoped to see two states made of the old Ohio Country to increase Federalist power in Congress. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Northwest Territory In 1969 the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with the feast of the archangels St. Michael and St. Raphael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gabriel Dominion (2014) – Gabriel, portrayed by Carl Beukes, is the series antagonist, who plans to kill the Archangel Michael and annihilate humanity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gabriel The feast of Saint Gabriel was included by Pope Benedict XV in the General Roman Calendar in 1921, for celebration on 24 March. In 1969 the day was officially transferred to 29 September for celebration in conjunction with the feast of the archangels St. Michael and St. Raphael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gabriel There are popular claims of a tradition that the Archangel Michael appeared before local fishermen on the mount in the 5th century AD,. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St Michael's Mount On the canal's southern end, a drained section is located in St. Bernard, Ohio's Ludlow Park, where the canal bed is still visible. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Miami and Erie Canal The canal remains in water (and navigable for canoes or kayaks) in the rural region between Delphos and St. Marys, Ohio. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Miami and Erie Canal In the 6th century, the growth of devotions to Michael in the Western Church was expressed by the feasts dedicated to him, as recorded in the Leonine Sacramentary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) The feast of the Appearing of S. Michael the Archangel is observed by Anglo-Catholics on 8 May. From medieval times until 1960 it was also observed on that day in the Roman Catholic Church; the feast commemorates the archangel's apparition on Mount Gargano in Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) Thus Michael was the natural patron of the first chivalric order of France, the Order of Saint Michael of 1469. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) An Anglican sisterhood dedicated to Saint Michael under the title of the Community of St Michael and All Angels was founded in 1851. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) In the United States military Saint Michael is considered to be a patron of paratroopers and, in particular, the 82nd Airborne Division. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) There is a late-5th-century legend in Cornwall, UK that the Archangel appeared to fishermen on St Michael's Mount. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) The Michaelion was a magnificent church and in time became a model for hundreds of other churches in Eastern Christianity; these spread devotions to the Archangel. In the 4th century, Saint Basil the Great's homily (De Angelis) placed Saint Michael over all the angels. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) In this role Michael descends at the hour of death, and gives each soul the chance to redeem itself before passing; thus consternating the devil and his minions. Catholic prayers often refer to this role of Michael. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) A number of feasts dedicated to Archangel Michael are celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox throughout the year. Archangel Michael is mentioned in a number of Eastern Orthodox hymns and prayer, and his icons are widely used within Eastern Orthodox churches. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) In the General Roman Calendar, the Anglican Calendar of Saints, and the Lutheran Calendar of Saints, the archangel's feast is celebrated on Michaelmas Day, 29 September. The day is also considered the feast of Saints Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael, in the General Roman Calendar and the Feast of Saint Michael and All Angels according to the Church of England. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) In the British honours system, a chivalric order founded in 1818 is also named for these two saints, the Order of St Michael and St George. Prior to 1878, the Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel could be worn as part of a Roman Catholic Archconfraternity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) The city of Arkhangelsk in Russia is named for the Archangel. Ukraine and its capital Kyiv also consider Michael their patron saint and protector. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michael (archangel) St. Michael is a northwestern Suburb of the Minneapolis- St Paul “Twin Cities” metropolitan area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Michael, Minnesota The St. Michael–Albertville school colors are royal blue and gold and the mascot is the Knight. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Michael, Minnesota Fort Loramie has one public high school, Fort Loramie High School, and one public grade school, Fort Loramie Elementary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fort Loramie, Ohio Fort Loramie is served by local daily newspaper, the Sidney Daily News, along with a few weekly newspapers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fort Loramie, Ohio The custom of baking a special bread or cake, called Sruthan Mhìcheil (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈs̪t̪ɾu.an ˈviːçal]), St Michael's bannock, or Michaelmas Bannock on the eve of the Feast of Saint Michael the Archangel probably originated in the Hebrides. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michaelmas Because Saint Michael is the patron of some North American police officers, Michaelmas may also be a Blue Mass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michaelmas However, the same can also be said for members of the United States military, children, and several of St. Michael's other patronages. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michaelmas Because Saint Michael is the patron of some North American police officers, Michaelmas may also be a Blue Mass. However, the same can also be said for members of the United States military, children, and several of St. Michael's other patronages. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Michaelmas Students in grades K-6 attend the Fort Loramie Elementary School which is located at 35 Elm Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fort Loramie High School It is the only high school in the Fort Loramie School district. The high school is located at 600 East Park Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fort Loramie High School His home was on Talbot Street. He taught model ship building classes at the St. Michael's Maritime Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Saint Michaels, Maryland Selaphiel is often seen as the Patron Saint of prayer and worship for members of the Eastern Orthodox Church and some Catholic traditions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Selaphiel After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. There, some continued on up the Missouri River, some up the Mississippi, and some farther west over land routes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio River It is also possible that the Monongahela held no land in Ohio during the Colonial Era. The Mississippian Culture were close to and traded extensively with the Fort Ancient people. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio Within the hierarchy of the angels, at the highest level, St. Michael is a princely seraph, an angel of supreme power and the leader of God's army. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Jude 1:9, "Yet the archangel Michael, when he argued with the devil in a dispute over the body of Moses, did not venture to pronounce a reviling judgment upon him but said, 'May the Lord rebuke you!'" --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In this depiction, angels hold up two books: the smaller book held by Saint Michael records the names of the blessed, while the larger book is a list of the damned. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church These include Monte Gargano in Italy early in the 6th century where the Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo, the oldest shrine in Western Europe, is dedicated to Saint Michael. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The role of Saint Michael as protector and guardian has also led to the design of statues that depict him, and the construction of Churches and monasteries at specific locations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Some Franciscan communities continue to observe the period from August 15 to September 29 as "St. Michael's Lent", a time of fasting and prayer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In editions of the Roman Missal before 1970, Saint Michael was mentioned in the Confiteor as recited by the priest and again in the altar server's response at Mass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church , the General Roman Calendar had not one but two feasts of Saint Michael, one on 29 September, the other on 8 May. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A large number of Roman Catholic churches around the globe are dedicated to Saint Michael, from Hammerfest, Norway, to Oeste Catarinense in Brazil. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Chaplet of Saint Michael is a chaplet attributed to a private revelation by Saint Michael to the Portuguese Carmelite nun Antónia d'Astónaco in 1751. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church At the Benedictine Metten Abbey dedicated to Saint Michael the exorcism formula Vade Retro Satana was discovered in the 17th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The phrase means "Who is like God?" and Saint Michael asks it scornfully as he slays Satan, represented as a dragon, or a man-like figure, at times with wings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church He defeated Satan and ejected him from Paradise and will achieve victory at the hour of the final battle with Satan. Secondly, he is the Christian angel of death: at the hour of death, Saint Michael descends and gives each person the chance to redeem oneself before passing. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In Catholic tradition, on Judgment Day Saint Michael weighs souls based on their deeds during their life on earth. Saint Michael is often portrayed in art with scales. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church "Of all the angels, Michael was by far the most important in the Middle Ages." The earliest indications of a cult of St. Michael occur in the Near East. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael's feast day of September 29 has been solemnly celebrated in many locations since the fifth century. And many churches that honor Saint Michael are dedicated on the 29th of September, --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Roman Catholic devotions to Saint Michael have been expressed in a variety of forms, including a chaplet and scapular. A number of prayers, novenas, and hymns are directed to him. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church It is dedicated to St. Michael and St. Gudula, the patron saints of the City of Brussels, and is considered to be one of the finest examples of Brabantine Gothic architecture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula It occupies 407 acres (165 ha) on 1,655-acre (670 ha) Lake Loramie and is operated by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lake Loramie State Park Saint Michael has survived by name as one of the original six parishes created in 1629 by Governor Sir William Tufton. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael, Barbados with St. George: – Starting from the meeting point of the parishes of St. George, St. Michael, and Christ Church and proceeding in a westerly and northerly direction along the plantation track to its junction at Lower Burney with the public road Highway 5; then westerly along Highway 5 to its junction at Mapp Hill and the public road Haynes Hill. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michael, Barbados It was signed at Fort Greenville, now Greenville, Ohio, on August 3, 1795, following the Native American loss at the Battle of Fallen Timbers a year earlier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Treaty of Greenville From there, the line ran west-northwest to Fort Recovery on the Wabash River near the present-day boundary between Ohio and Indiana. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Treaty of Greenville From Fort Recovery, the line ran south-southwest to the Ohio River at a point opposite the mouth of the Kentucky River in present-day Carrollton, Kentucky. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Treaty of Greenville In 1886, Pope Leo XIII added a Prayer to Saint Michael to the Leonine Prayers, which he had directed to be prayed after Low Mass two years earlier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prayer to Saint Michael Pope Leo XIII certainly had this picture in mind when, at the end of the last century, he brought in, throughout the Church, a special prayer to St Michael: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prayer to Saint Michael In a later version, the vision is said to have occurred not in 1880, but on 13 October 1884, the year in which the Leonine Prayers were instituted but without the Prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prayer to Saint Michael In reality, it was only in 1884 that the Pope instituted the Leonine Prayers, still at that time without the prayer to Saint Michael. A year later, a German writer, Fr. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Prayer to Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Cherubim may the Lord grant us the grace to leave the ways of sin and run in the paths of Christian perfection. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Thrones may the Lord infuse into our hearts a true and sincere spirit of humility. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chaplet of Saint Michael These nine invocations correspond to invocations to the nine choirs of angels and origins the Chaplet of Saint Michael. The prayers were approved by Pope Pius IX in 1851. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chaplet of Saint Michael These are followed by four Our Fathers, honoring Saints Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and the Guardian Angel. The chaplet concludes with a prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chaplet of Saint Michael Located in present-day Darke County in far western Ohio, the fort was built of wood and intended primarily as a supply depot; accordingly, it was originally named Fort Deposit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Territory The first Ohio Constitution provided for a weak governor and a strong legislature, in part a reaction to St. Clair's method of governance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Territory Lafayette, Greene Ville, Recovery, Adams, Definance, Deposit, Wayne, Loramie, Piqua, and St. Mary's. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Territory The Northwest Territory's first governor, Arthur St. Clair, sought to end Native American claims to Ohio land and thus clear the way for white settlement. In 1789, he succeeded in getting certain Native Americans to sign the Treaty of Fort Harmar, but many native leaders had not been invited to participate in the negotiations or had refused to do so. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Territory General Anthony Wayne, during his Ohio Country campaign 1792-95, built or rebuilt 10 such forts: forts (in order by date) Lafayette, Greene Ville, Recovery, Adams, Definance, Deposit, Wayne, Loramie, Piqua, and St. Mary's. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Territory The only other named angels in the New Testament are Michael the Archangel (in Jude 1:9) and Abaddon (in Revelation 9:11). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gabriel Some studies indicate that any rise in ocean waters as well as existing natural erosion would put some of the Cornwall coast at risk, including St. Michael's Mount. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St Michael's Mount Because Ohio is not entirely flat, the system of locks had to be designed to act as a staircase so boats could navigate the difference in elevation. To supply water for the canal, manmade reservoirs such as Grand Lake St. Marys and Lake Loramie in Shelby County were constructed, along with several feeder canals. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Miami and Erie Canal Legend holds that the Archangel Michael appeared atop the mausoleum, sheathing his sword as a sign of the end of the plague of 590, thus lending the castle its present name. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Castel Sant'Angelo In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Saint Michael's principal feast day is 8 November (those that use the Julian calendar celebrate it on what in the Gregorian calendar is now 21 November), honouring him along with the rest of the "Bodiless Powers of Heaven" (i.e. angels) as their Supreme Commander, and the Miracle at Chonae is commemorated on 6 September. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) In late medieval Christianity, Michael, together with Saint George, became the patron saint of chivalry and is now also considered the patron saint of police officers, paramedics and the military. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) Based on the legend of his 8th-century apparition at Mont-Saint-Michel, France, the Archangel is the patron of mariners in this famous sanctuary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) In his second role, Michael is the angel of death, carrying the souls of all the deceased to heaven. In this role Michael descends at the hour of death, and gives each soul the chance to redeem itself before passing; thus consternating the devil and his minions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) Saint Michael was revered by the military orders of knights during the Middle Ages. The names of villages around the Bay of Biscay express that history. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) In contemporary times they are referred to by the term of "Bodiless Powers". A number of feasts dedicated to Archangel Michael are celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox throughout the year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Michael (archangel) Its southern terminus is in Fort Loramie at the intersection of North Main Street (SR 66) and Elm Street. near the northern edge of Fort Loramie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio State Route 362 SR 362 then runs about 1.1 miles (1.8 km) east, then turns north at its intersection with Fort Loramie–Swanders Road (which continues east). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio State Route 362 This segment ran 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Fort Loramie-Swanders Road north to the vicinity of Filburns Island. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio State Route 362 Between 1955 and 1957, the discontinuous segment to Filburns Island was removed from the route and the southern terminus was moved to downtown Fort Loramie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio State Route 362 The highway is not a part of the National Highway System. SR 362 begins at the northern edge of the business district in Fort Loramie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ohio State Route 362 The fort stood on the portage between St. Mary's River and Loramie Creek a half mile north of the present town. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fort Loramie, Ohio On April 10, 2015, The Cross County Conference announced that they added Fort Loramie as a football-only member starting in 2017. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Northwest Central Conference Saint Michaels, also known as St. Michaels, is a town in Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,029 at the 2010 census. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Saint Michaels, Maryland Above the entrance, on top of the pediment, resting on Doric columns by Antonio Beduzzi, stands a group with winged angels and St. Michael slaying Lucifer (1725). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna The 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix with several tribes opened Kentucky to colonial settlement and established the Ohio River as a southern boundary for American Indian territory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio River Forts along the Ohio river include Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania), Fort McIntosh (Pennsylvania), Fort Randolph (West Virginia), Fort Henry (West Virginia), Fort Harmar (Ohio), Fort Washington (Ohio), and Fort Nelson (Kentucky). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio River Because the Ohio River flowed westward, it became a convenient means of westward movement by pioneers traveling from western Pennsylvania. After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio River Carrying the cup, he and the Archangel Michael rushed into the world and sprinkled it all over Ethiopia, in every place where a drop of blood fell a church was built. Thus Uriel is often depicted carrying a chalice filled with the blood of Christ in Ethiopian Orthodox iconography. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Uriel A widely used "Prayer to Saint Michael" was brought into official use by Pope Leo XIII in 1886 and was recommended by Pope John Paul II in 1994. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Pope Benedict XVI urged the bishops he was ordaining to take Michael as a model in making room in the world for God, countering denials of him and thus defending humankind's greatness, and in acting as "true guardian angels" of the Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Early in the 8th century, Saint Michael reportedly appeared three times to Saint Aubert, the bishop of Avranches in Normandy, France, and instructed him to build a church on the small island now known as Mont Saint-Michel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Francis of Assisi was especially devoted to Saint Michael and would fast for about forty days from the feast of the Assumption (August 15) to Saint Michael's feast day on September 29. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church "Te Splendor" to Saint Michael (which derives its name from the fact that in Latin it begins with Te splendor et virtus Patris) is published in the Raccolta collection of prayers with indulgences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Secondly, he is the Christian angel of death: at the hour of death, Saint Michael descends and gives each person the chance to redeem oneself before passing. Saint Michael's third role is weighing peoples' merits (hence the saint is often depicted holding scales) on Judgment Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Saint Michael is the traditional prototype of the spiritual warrior, a paradigm extended to other warrior saints. This conflict against evil may at times be viewed as an interior battle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The earliest indications of a cult of St. Michael occur in the Near East. The emperor Constantine built the Michaelion at Chalcedon on the site of an earlier temple. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Greek, Syrian, and Coptic Churches had venerated St. Michael since at least the early sixth century. The cult of St. Michael was widespread in the British Isles during the Middle Ages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula serves as the co-cathedral of the Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels, the Primate of Belgium, who is currently Archbishop Jozef De Kesel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula This key link between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes connected it to the Atlantic Ocean via the Erie Canal and Hudson River, and later via the Saint Lawrence Seaway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cleveland It grew rapidly after the 1832 completion of the Ohio and Erie Canal. This key link between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes connected it to the Atlantic Ocean via the Erie Canal and Hudson River, and later via the Saint Lawrence Seaway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cleveland He participated in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, where he achieved international fame by winning four gold medals. A statue commemorating his achievement can be found in Downtown Cleveland at Fort Washington Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cleveland There were also other forts along the Great Lakes, such as Fort Miamis and other forts in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio that the British had agreed to cede to the United States in the 1783 Treaty of Paris but had yet to evacuate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Treaty of Greenville The treaty redefined with slight modifications the boundaries in Ohio established previously by the Treaty of Fort McIntosh in 1785 and reasserted in the Treaty of Fort Harmar in 1789. In particular, the western boundary, which formerly ran northwesterly to the Maumee River, now ran southerly to the Ohio River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Treaty of Greenville The line continued down the Tuscarawas to Fort Laurens, near present-day Bolivar. From there, the line ran west-southwest to near present-day Fort Loramie on a branch of the Great Miami River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Treaty of Greenville The prayer's opening words are similar to the Alleluia verse for Saint Michael’s feasts on 8 May and 29 September in the Roman Missal of the time, which ran: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prayer to Saint Michael A quite different prayer to Saint Michael was included in an exorcism formula published in the 1890−1891 edition of Acta Sanctae Sedis for use by bishops and by those priests authorized to perform exorcisms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prayer to Saint Michael Oh most noble Prince of the Angelic Hierarchies, valorous warrior of Almighty God and zealous lover of His glory, terror of the rebellious angels, and love and delight of all the just angels, my beloved Archangel Saint Michael, desiring to be numbered among your devoted servants, I, today offer and consecrate myself to you, and place myself, my family, and all I possess under your most powerful protection. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prayer to Saint Michael The first to appear in print was in a 1933 German Sunday newspaper article, which stated that, as a result of the vision, shortly after 1880 Leo ordered the prayer to Saint Michael to be recited. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prayer to Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Archangels may the Lord give us perseverance in faith and in all good works in order that we may attain the glory of Heaven. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Seraphim may the Lord make us worthy to burn with the fire of perfect charity. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)4. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Dominions may the Lord give us grace to govern our senses and overcome any unruly passions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Dominions may the Lord give us grace to govern our senses and overcome any unruly passions. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)5. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)5. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Virtues may the Lord preserve us from evil and falling into temptation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Virtues may the Lord preserve us from evil and falling into temptation. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)6. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael (Our Father, Three Hail Marys)7. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Principalities may God fill our souls with a true spirit of obedience. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)9. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Angels may the Lord grant us to be protected by them in this mortal life and conducted in the life to come to Heaven. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chaplet of Saint Michael San Rafael, Vecindario, Santa Lucia de Tirajana Gran CanariaThe Arcangelo Raffaello youth confraternity functioned in Florence, Italy from its founding in 1411 to its suppression in 1785.St. John of God Catholic Church in Chicago, IL, was disassembled, moved and reassembled as St. Raphael the Archangel Church in Mill Creek, IL. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Raphael (archangel) A council held in 1785 at Fort Detroit declared that the confederacy would deal jointly with the United States, forbade individual tribes from dealing directly with the United States, and declared the Ohio River as the boundary between their lands and those of the American settlers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory The Northwest Territory's first governor, Arthur St. Clair, sought to end Native American claims to Ohio land and thus clear the way for white settlement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory In mid 1794, the British built Fort Miamis near what is today Toledo, Ohio, to forestall Wayne's putative advance on the British stronghold at Detroit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory The Continental Congress' title to the lands north of the Ohio River was derived from the Treaty of Paris (1783), the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, and the cessions of four states. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory Its original boundaries claimed all land north of the Ohio River between the Great Miami River and Little Miami River as far north as Standing Stone Fork (now Loramie Creek), just north of present-day Piqua. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory He led a punitive expedition involving two Regular Army regiments and some militia. In October 1791 as an advance post for his campaign, Fort Jefferson (Ohio), was built under his direction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory Lafayette, Greene Ville, Recovery, Adams, Definance, Deposit, Wayne, Loramie, Piqua, and St. Mary's. Early settlements were outside or nearby forts: Clarksville, Vincennes, Kaskaskia (French), Losantiville, and the Ohio Company settlements at Marietta and Waterford/Beverly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Northwest Territory The Ethiopian Church celebrates his feast on 28 December, with a sizeable number of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to "Saint Gabriel" in Kulubi on that day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gabriel Baltimore's "Little Italy" has for over 80 years hosted an annual "end of summer" St. Gabriel Festival that features a procession with a statue of the saint carried through the streets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gabriel The only other named angels in the New Testament are Michael the Archangel (in Jude 1:9) and Abaddon (in Revelation 9:11). Gabriel is not called an archangel in the Bible. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gabriel Various sources state that the earthquake of 1275 destroyed the original Priory Church, although this may be a misunderstanding of the term "St Michael's on the Mount" which referred to the church of St Michael atop Glastonbury Tor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St Michael's Mount There are popular claims of a tradition that the Archangel Michael appeared before local fishermen on the mount in the 5th century AD,. But in fact this is a modern myth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St Michael's Mount To supply water for the canal, manmade reservoirs such as Grand Lake St. Marys and Lake Loramie in Shelby County were constructed, along with several feeder canals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Miami and Erie Canal In Russia, many monasteries, cathedrals, court and merchant churches are dedicated to the Chief Commander Michael; most Russian cities have a church or chapel dedicated to the Archangel Michael. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) In the 19th Century, Charles Haddon Spurgeon stated that Jesus is "the true Michael" and “the only Archangel”, and that he is God the Son, and co-equal to the Father. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) They believe that name "Michael" signifies "One Who Is Like God" and that as the "Archangel" or "chief or head of the angels" he led the angels and thus the statement in Revelation 12:7–9 identifies Jesus as Michael. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) Archangel Michael was also mentioned in the older Greek Magical Papyri (circa 2nd century BC–400 AD), only in these set of texts he goes under the title of a deity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) Since the 14th century, Saint Michael has been the patron saint of Dumfries in Scotland, where a church dedicated to him was built at the southern end of the town, on a mound overlooking the River Nith. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) The Tridentine Calendar included a feast of the apparition on 8 May, the date of the 663 victory over the Greek Neapolitans that the Lombards of Manfredonia attributed to Saint Michael. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) According to Roman legends, Archangel Michael appeared with a sword over the mausoleum of Hadrian while a devastating plague persisted in Rome, in apparent answer to the prayers of Pope Gregory --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) According to Norman legend, Michael is said to have appeared to St Aubert, Bishop of Avranches, in 708, giving instruction to build a church on the rocky islet now known as Mont Saint-Michel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) The iconography of Michael slaying a serpent goes back to the early 4th century, when Emperor Constantine defeated Licinius at the Battle of Adrianople in 324 AD, not far from the Michaelion, a church dedicated to Archangel Michael. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) A similar painting, this time with the Archangel Michael himself slaying a serpent, then became a major art piece at the Michaelion and eventually lead to the standard iconography of Archangel Michael as a warrior saint. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) The Book of Revelation (12:7–9) describes a war in heaven in which Michael, being stronger, defeats Satan. After the conflict, Satan is thrown to Earth along with the fallen angels, where he ("that ancient serpent called the devil") still tries to "lead the whole world astray". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) After the conflict, Satan is thrown to Earth along with the fallen angels, where he ("that ancient serpent called the devil") still tries to "lead the whole world astray". In the Epistle of Jude 1:9, Michael is referred to as an "archangel" when he again confronts Satan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) Accordingly, after Satan fell, Michael was appointed to the function Satan served when he was still one of the noble angels. A painting of the Archangel slaying a serpent became a major art piece at the Michaelion after Constantine defeated Licinius near there in 324. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) A painting of the Archangel slaying a serpent became a major art piece at the Michaelion after Constantine defeated Licinius near there in 324. This contributed to the standard iconography that developed of Archangel Michael as a warrior saint slaying a dragon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) This role also was why he was considered the patron saint of a number of cities and countries. Roman Catholicism includes traditions such as the Prayer to Saint Michael, which specifically asks for the faithful to be "defended" by the saint. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) Roman Catholicism includes traditions such as the Prayer to Saint Michael, which specifically asks for the faithful to be "defended" by the saint. The Chaplet of Saint Michael consists of nine salutations, one for each choir of angels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) Archangel Michael is mentioned in a number of Eastern Orthodox hymns and prayer, and his icons are widely used within Eastern Orthodox churches. In many Eastern Orthodox icons, Christ is accompanied by a number of angels, Michael being a predominant figure among them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) The archangel Michael is one of the three patron saints of Cornwall. The feast of the Appearing of S. Michael the Archangel is observed by Anglo-Catholics on 8 May. From medieval times until 1960 it was also observed on that day in the Roman Catholic Church; the feast commemorates the archangel's apparition on Mount Gargano in Italy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) These nine invocations correspond to invocations to the nine choirs of angels and origins the famous Chaplet of Saint Michael. This private revelation and prayers were approved by Pope Pius IX in 1851.From 1961 to 1965, four young schoolgirls had reported several apparitions of Archangel Michael in the small village of Garabandal, Spain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michael (archangel) This route started at Fort Loramie-Swanders Road (modern-day County Road 27) and traveled north to the intersection of Main Street and First Street in Minster. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio State Route 362 It serves to connect Lake Loramie State Park with SR 66. Its southern terminus is in Fort Loramie at the intersection of North Main Street (SR 66) and Elm Street. near the northern edge of Fort Loramie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio State Route 362 After turning north at the intersection with Fort Loramie–Swanders Road, SR 362 passes a picnic area. It then crosses onto Crawford Island where the campgrounds and beach for Lake Loramie State Park are located. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio State Route 362 Between 1955 and 1957, the discontinuous segment to Filburns Island was removed from the route and the southern terminus was moved to downtown Fort Loramie. Since then, no major changes have occurred to the routing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio State Route 362 Michael V. Drake, former chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, became the 15th president of the Ohio State University on June 30, 2014. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ohio State University St. Michael is a northwestern Suburb of the Minneapolis- St Paul “Twin Cities” metropolitan area. The population was 16,399 at the 2010 census. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Michael, Minnesota A complete history of the city, ‘’Faith, Family and Farming’’, was written by Bob Zahler. The history is also tracked by the St. Michael Historical Society, whose mission is "to collect, preserve and share the history of the City of St. Michael." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Michael, Minnesota St. Michael is part of St. Michael–Albertville Independent School District#885. The St. Michael–Albertville school colors are royal blue and gold and the mascot is the Knight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Michael, Minnesota The St. Michael–Albertville school colors are royal blue and gold and the mascot is the Knight. The district consists of seven schools and two alternative academies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Michael, Minnesota Prior to 2011, the devil was portrayed with black skin while St Michael was shown as being white; this was changed that year to show both with same skin color, although St Michael's wings were changed from being multi-color to being pure white. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of St Michael and St George The original home of the Order was the Palace of St. Michael and St. George in Corfu, the residence of the Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands and the seat of the Ionian Senate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of St Michael and St George Both sexes use the same post-nominal initials, except that there is a distinctly female form of Knight Commander of St Michael and St George. This is Dame Commander of St. Michael and St George (DCMG). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Order of St Michael and St George Fort Loramie is known for its annual three-day-long festival in the summer, the Country Concert, which attracts thousands of people from around the United States and Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fort Loramie, Ohio In Yorkshire, it is said that the devil spat on them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michaelmas The custom of baking a special bread or cake, called Sruthan Mhìcheil (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈs̪t̪ɾu.an ˈviːçal]), St Michael's bannock, or Michaelmas Bannock on the eve of the Feast of Saint Michael the Archangel probably originated in the Hebrides. The bread was made from equal parts of barley, oats, and rye without using any metal implements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michaelmas Folklore in the British Isles suggests that Michaelmas day is the last day that blackberries can be picked. It is said that when St Michael expelled Lucifer, the devil, from heaven, he fell from the skies and landed in a prickly blackberry bush. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michaelmas It is said that when St Michael expelled Lucifer, the devil, from heaven, he fell from the skies and landed in a prickly blackberry bush. Satan cursed the fruit, scorched them with his fiery breath, stamped, spat and urinated on them, so that they would be unfit for eating. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Michaelmas St. Michael's is famous for its Michaelergruft, a large crypt located underneath the church. Aristocrats were able to access their family crypts through marble slabs marked with their coats of arms in the church floor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna O Pure and Holy Archangel St. Selaphiel (Sealtiel), thou dost bow before the Almighty Lord offering angelic salutations of praise and thanksgiving. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Selaphiel O Pure and Holy Archangel St. Selaphiel (Sealtiel), thou dost bow before the Almighty Lord offering angelic salutations of praise and thanksgiving. Guide us in our prayer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Selaphiel in 1776 the British military engineer John Montrésor created a map of the river showing the strategic location of Fort Pitt, including specific navigational information about the Ohio River's rapids and tributaries in that area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio River The bedrock of the Ohio Valley was mostly set during this time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio River At the Council of Rome of 745, Pope St. Zachary, intending to clarify the Church's teaching on the subject of angels and curb a tendency toward angel worship, condemned obsession with angelic intervention and angelolatry, but reaffirmed the approval of the practice of the reverence of angels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uriel He is recognized as the Patron Saint of the Sacrament of Confirmation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uriel According to the Homily, at the time of the Crucifixion of Jesus, Uriel dipped his wing in the blood and water flowing from Christ's flank and filled a cup with it. Carrying the cup, he and the Archangel Michael rushed into the world and sprinkled it all over Ethiopia, in every place where a drop of blood fell a church was built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uriel This synod struck many angels' names from the list of those eligible for veneration in the Church of Rome, including Uriel. Only the reverence of the archangels mentioned in the recognised Catholic canon of scriptures, namely Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael, remained licit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Uriel Ohio's southern border is defined by the Ohio River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio The rivers in the northern part of the state drain into the northern Atlantic Ocean via Lake Erie and the St. Lawrence River, and the rivers in the southern part of the state drain into the Gulf of Mexico via the Ohio River and then the Mississippi. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio The Shawnees may have absorbed the Fort Ancient people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio Ohio's per capita income stands at $34,874. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio The executive branch is headed by the governor of Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio No Republican has ever won the presidency without winning Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio Only Michael is called an archangel in the Bible. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church From the time of the apostles, he has been invoked and honored as the protector of the Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Another notable structure is that of St Michael's Mount, located in Mounts Bay, near Penzance, Cornwall – a stunning island castle that resembles Mont Saint-Michel, and can only be reached on foot at low tide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church (Through the intercession of Blessed Michael the Archangel, standing at the right hand of the altar of incense, and of all his elect, may the Lord kindly bless this incense and accept it as a savour of sweetness).Until Pope John XXIII revised it in 1960 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Scripture describes him as "one of the chief princes" and the leader of heaven's forces in their triumph over the powers of hell. Saint Michael defeats Satan two times, first when he ejects Satan from Paradise, and then in the final battle of the end times when the Antichrist will be defeated by him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church This role of Saint Michael was depicted by Michelangelo on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. In this depiction, angels hold up two books: the smaller book held by Saint Michael records the names of the blessed, while the larger book is a list of the damned. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Identification of St Michael with the gift of healing can be seen in Gregory the Great leading a devotional procession in 590 when the city of Rome was afflicted with a plague that killed his predecessor. Gregory reportedly saw a vision of Saint Michael atop the Mausoleum of Hadrian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Legends include a number of reported appearances of Saint Michael, where sanctuaries or churches were later built or dedicated to him. These include Monte Gargano in Italy early in the 6th century where the Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo, the oldest shrine in Western Europe, is dedicated to Saint Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Several healings were reported when the church was being built and Mont Saint-Michel still remains a Catholic pilgrimage site. The role of Saint Michael as protector and guardian has also led to the design of statues that depict him, and the construction of Churches and monasteries at specific locations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Depictions of Saint Michael often portray the scene where Satan, or the fallen angels, are helpless below the sword or spear of a triumphant Saint Michael. In some depictions, the Latin phrase Quis ut Deus? can be seen on the shield of Saint Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In some depictions, the Latin phrase Quis ut Deus? can be seen on the shield of Saint Michael. The phrase means "Who is like God?" and Saint Michael asks it scornfully as he slays Satan, represented as a dragon, or a man-like figure, at times with wings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In 1047, Lambert II, Count of Leuven, and his wife Oda of Verdun, founded a chapter in this church, and organised the transportation to it of the relics of the martyr Saint Gudula, which were housed before then in Saint Gaugericus' Church on Saint-Géry Island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula Cleveland's landmark ecclesiastical architecture includes the historic Old Stone Church in downtown Cleveland and the onion domed St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral in Tremont, along with myriad ethnically inspired Roman Catholic churches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cleveland Both are Democrats, two of four representing Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cleveland This key link between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes connected it to the Atlantic Ocean via the Erie Canal and Hudson River, and later via the Saint Lawrence Seaway. Its products could reach markets on the Gulf of Mexico via the Mississippi River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cleveland Lake Loramie was constructed in 1844–45 as a storage reservoir supplying water to the Miami-Erie Canal system. In 1949, Lake Loramie was turned over the Division of Parks and Recreation of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lake Loramie State Park The parish of St. Michael is one of eleven parishes of Barbados. It has a land area of 39 km2 (15 sq mi) and is found at the southwest portion of the island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael, Barbados Bridgetown is the centre of commercial activity in Barbados, as well as a central hub for the public transport network. Other major infrastructure in St. Michael is the international seaport of Barbados—the Deep Water Harbour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael, Barbados Under Barbados's historical vestry system, the main parish church (St Michael's Cathedral) is sited in St Michael's Row in Bridgetown. The cathedral replaced the former parish church that was located at the site of St Mary's Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael, Barbados The cathedral replaced the former parish church that was located at the site of St Mary's Church. St Michael's Cathedral was elevated to cathedral status under Bishop Coleridge, who arrived in Barbados in 1825 to head the newly created Diocese of Barbados and the Leeward Islands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Michael, Barbados In 1811, the introduction of steamboats on the Ohio River opened up the city's trade to more rapid shipping, and the city established commercial ties with St. Louis, Missouri, and New Orleans downriver. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cincinnati Xavier University, one of three Roman Catholic colleges along with Chatfield College and Mount St. Joseph University, was at one time affiliated with The Athenaeum of Ohio, the seminary of the Cincinnati Archdiocese. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cincinnati A painting commemorating the treaty hangs in the Ohio Statehouse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Treaty of Greenville From there, the line ran west-northwest to Fort Recovery on the Wabash River near the present-day boundary between Ohio and Indiana. From Fort Recovery, the line ran south-southwest to the Ohio River at a point opposite the mouth of the Kentucky River in present-day Carrollton, Kentucky. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Treaty of Greenville Variant English translations include: "Holy Michael", "Saint Michael", "defend us in battle", "malice and snares", "may God rebuke him", "thrust into hell", "all evil spirits", "prowl about the world seeking the ruin", and "roam throughout the world seeking the ruin". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael On 29 September 2018, Pope Francis asked Catholics everywhere to pray the Rosary each day during the following month of October and to conclude it with the ancient prayer "Sub tuum praesidium" and the Leonine prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael He asked them "to pray that the Holy Mother of God place the Church beneath her protective mantle: to preserve her from the attacks by the devil, the great accuser, and at the same time to make her more aware of the faults, the errors and the abuses committed in the present and in the past, and committed to combating without any hesitation, so that evil may not prevail". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael In 1902, a year and a half before the death of Pope Leo XIII, a new edition of the Roman Ritual considerably shortened the exorcism formula as a whole and in particular the prayer to Saint Michael within it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael An article in the Roman journal Ephemerides Liturgicae (V. LXIX, pages 54–60) in 1955 gave an account in Latin and Italian of how the Saint Michael prayer (in the Leonine Prayers) originated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael Several variants of this story are told. The first to appear in print was in a 1933 German Sunday newspaper article, which stated that, as a result of the vision, shortly after 1880 Leo ordered the prayer to Saint Michael to be recited. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael The first to appear in print was in a 1933 German Sunday newspaper article, which stated that, as a result of the vision, shortly after 1880 Leo ordered the prayer to Saint Michael to be recited. In reality, it was only in 1884 that the Pope instituted the Leonine Prayers, still at that time without the prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer to Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)2. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Cherubim may the Lord grant us the grace to leave the ways of sin and run in the paths of Christian perfection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Cherubim may the Lord grant us the grace to leave the ways of sin and run in the paths of Christian perfection. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)3. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)3. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Thrones may the Lord infuse into our hearts a true and sincere spirit of humility. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Thrones may the Lord infuse into our hearts a true and sincere spirit of humility. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)4. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael (Our Father, Three Hail Marys)8. By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Archangels may the Lord give us perseverance in faith and in all good works in order that we may attain the glory of Heaven. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Archangels may the Lord give us perseverance in faith and in all good works in order that we may attain the glory of Heaven. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)9. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael By the intercession of St. Michael and the celestial Choir of Angels may the Lord grant us to be protected by them in this mortal life and conducted in the life to come to Heaven. Amen.(Our Father, Three Hail Marys)(Four Our Fathers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chaplet of Saint Michael When the flotilla reached the Cape of Good Hope on October 22, the sailors disembarked and erected a column in the archangel's honor. The little statue of St. Raphael that accompanied Da Gama on the voyage is now in the Naval Museum in Lisbon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Raphael (archangel) Saint John of God, founder of the Hospital order that bears his name, is also said to have received visitations from Saint Raphael, who encouraged and instructed him. In tribute to this, many of the Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God's facilities are called “Raphael Centers” to this day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Raphael (archangel) The first U.S. military garrisons in the territory were Fort Patrick Henry, Vincennes, Indiana (1779), Fort Clark at Falls of the Ohio, Indiana (1783), and Fort Harmar in Ohio (1785). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory Under the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which created the Northwest Territory, General St. Clair was appointed governor. When the territory was divided in 1800, he briefly served as governor of the Northwest Territory remnant that included Ohio, the eastern half of Michigan, and a sliver of southeastern Indiana called "The Gore." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory St. Clair formally established the government on July 15, 1788, at Marietta. In 1790, he renamed the settlement of Losantiville Cincinnati, after the Society of the Cincinnati, and moved the administrative and military center to Fort Washington. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory In October 1791 as an advance post for his campaign, Fort Jefferson (Ohio), was built under his direction. Located in present-day Darke County in far western Ohio, the fort was built of wood and intended primarily as a supply depot; accordingly, it was originally named Fort Deposit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory In mid 1794, the British built Fort Miamis near what is today Toledo, Ohio, to forestall Wayne's putative advance on the British stronghold at Detroit. The final battle of Wayne's campaign occurred within the scope of this fort. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory A Federalist, St. Clair hoped to see two states made of the old Ohio Country to increase Federalist power in Congress. He was resented by Ohio Democratic-Republicans for his apparent partisanship, high-handedness and arrogance in office. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Territory She is associated with the Veil weapon Enoch uses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gabriel In the first passage the angel identified himself as Gabriel, but in the second it is Luke who identified him as Gabriel. The only other named angels in the New Testament are Michael the Archangel (in Jude 1:9) and Abaddon (in Revelation 9:11). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gabriel During the 6th century, before a castle was built, according to legend, the island St. Michael's Mount sits upon was once home to an 18-foot giant named Cormoran, who lived in a cave with his ill-gotten treasures obtained by terrorizing local towns and villages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount St. Michael's Mount is the setting for "The Secrets of Winter," a murder mystery written by Nicola Upson featuring the detectives Archie Penrose and Upson's fictionalized version of the author Josephine Tey, published in 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount Subsequently it ceased to be a priory, but was reduced to being a secular chapel which was given to the Abbess and Convent of Syon at Isleworth, Middlesex, in 1424. Thus ended its association with Mont St Michel, and any connection with Looe Island (dedicated to the Archangel Michael). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount Thus ended its association with Mont St Michel, and any connection with Looe Island (dedicated to the Archangel Michael). It was a destination for pilgrims, whose devotions were encouraged by an indulgence granted by Pope Gregory in the 11th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount The monastic buildings were built during the 12th century. Various sources state that the earthquake of 1275 destroyed the original Priory Church, although this may be a misunderstanding of the term "St Michael's on the Mount" which referred to the church of St Michael atop Glastonbury Tor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount Repairs were completed in March 2016 following damage from the 2014 winter storms. Some studies indicate that any rise in ocean waters as well as existing natural erosion would put some of the Cornwall coast at risk, including St. Michael's Mount. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Michael's Mount That lock is the only working lock in the state of Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Miami and Erie Canal To supply water for the canal, manmade reservoirs such as Grand Lake St. Marys and Lake Loramie in Shelby County were constructed, along with several feeder canals. Indian Lake in Logan County was greatly enlarged to provide a steadier supply of water for the Sidney feeder canal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Miami and Erie Canal The canal remains in water (and navigable for canoes or kayaks) in the rural region between Delphos and St. Marys, Ohio. South of St. Mary's, it has degraded to form a shallow ditch in most places, with some ruined locks remaining. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Miami and Erie Canal Michael (Hebrew: [mixaˈʔel]; Hebrew: מִיכָאֵל‎, romanized: Mīḳā'ēl, lit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) In the Epistle of Jude, Michael is specifically referred to as "the archangel Michael". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) But appeal to Michael seems to have been more common in ancient times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Michael is also said to have destroyed the army of Sennacherib. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Catholic prayers often refer to this role of Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) For this reason, Michael is often depicted holding scales. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also known informally as Latter-day Saints or Mormons) believe that Michael is Adam, the Ancient of Days (Dan. 7), a prince, and the patriarch of the human family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) From the tears of Michael, angels are created. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) The French occultist Eliphas Levi, the German philosopher Franz von Baader, and the Theosophist Louis Claude de St. Martin spoke of 1879 as the year in which Michael overcame the dragon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) The city of Arkhangelsk in Russia is named for the Archangel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) A Portuguese Carmelite nun, Antónia d'Astónaco, reported an apparition and private revelation of the Archangel Michael who had told to this devoted Servant of God, in 1751, that he would like to be honored, and God glorified, by the praying of nine special invocations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) This private revelation and prayers were approved by Pope Pius IX in 1851.From 1961 to 1965, four young schoolgirls had reported several apparitions of Archangel Michael in the small village of Garabandal, Spain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) The Catholic Church has neither approved nor condemned the Garabandal apparitions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) This contributed to the standard iconography that developed of Archangel Michael as a warrior saint slaying a dragon. The Michaelion was a magnificent church and in time became a model for hundreds of other churches in Eastern Christianity; these spread devotions to the Archangel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) In the 6th century, the growth of devotions to Michael in the Western Church was expressed by the feasts dedicated to him, as recorded in the Leonine Sacramentary. The 7th-century Gelasian Sacramentary included the feast "S. Michaelis Archangeli", as did the 8th-century Gregorian Sacramentary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) He is generally referred to in Christian litanies as "Saint Michael", as in the Litany of the Saints. In the shortened version of this litany used in the Easter Vigil, he alone of the angels and archangels is mentioned by name, omitting saints Gabriel and Raphael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) In the shortened version of this litany used in the Easter Vigil, he alone of the angels and archangels is mentioned by name, omitting saints Gabriel and Raphael. In Roman Catholic teachings, Saint Michael has four main roles or offices. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) In Roman Catholic teachings, Saint Michael has four main roles or offices. His first role is the leader of the Army of God and the leader of heaven's forces in their triumph over the powers of hell. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) The Word was then born incarnate as Jesus. They believe that name "Michael" signifies "One Who Is Like God" and that as the "Archangel" or "chief or head of the angels" he led the angels and thus the statement in Revelation 12:7–9 identifies Jesus as Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Instead, the Archangel Raphael rules over Mercury (and the second Heaven, which is listed as Raquie). The switch between solar and mercurial associations for Michael and Raphael happens all throughout the Solomonic grimoire tradition, changing practically from book to book depending on the influences and derivations of previous grimoires each is based on. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Thus Michael was the natural patron of the first chivalric order of France, the Order of Saint Michael of 1469. In the British honours system, a chivalric order founded in 1818 is also named for these two saints, the Order of St Michael and St George. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) Ukraine and its capital Kyiv also consider Michael their patron saint and protector. Since the 14th century, Saint Michael has been the patron saint of Dumfries in Scotland, where a church dedicated to him was built at the southern end of the town, on a mound overlooking the River Nith. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) There is a late-5th-century legend in Cornwall, UK that the Archangel appeared to fishermen on St Michael's Mount. According to author Richard Freeman Johnson, this legend is likely a nationalistic twist to a myth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) According to Roman legends, Archangel Michael appeared with a sword over the mausoleum of Hadrian while a devastating plague persisted in Rome, in apparent answer to the prayers of Pope Gregory I the Great (c. 590–604) that the plague should cease. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) He may be standing over a serpent, a dragon, or the defeated figure of Satan, whom he sometimes pierces with a lance. The iconography of Michael slaying a serpent goes back to the early 4th century, when Emperor Constantine defeated Licinius at the Battle of Adrianople in 324 AD, not far from the Michaelion, a church dedicated to Archangel Michael. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michael (archangel) There are currently 247 municipalities in Ohio considered to be cities in Ohio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of cities in Ohio State Route 362 (SR 362) is a 4.56-mile (7.34 km) north–south state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Ohio. It serves to connect Lake Loramie State Park with SR 66. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State Route 362 This route started at Fort Loramie-Swanders Road (modern-day County Road 27) and traveled north to the intersection of Main Street and First Street in Minster. By 1934, the route had been formally designated SR 362. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State Route 362 A second, unconnected segment of SR 362 was designated in 1937 on the southern side of Lake Loramie. This segment ran 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Fort Loramie-Swanders Road north to the vicinity of Filburns Island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State Route 362 This segment ran 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Fort Loramie-Swanders Road north to the vicinity of Filburns Island. Between 1955 and 1957, the discontinuous segment to Filburns Island was removed from the route and the southern terminus was moved to downtown Fort Loramie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State Route 362 At its eastern end, it is anchored by the Ohio Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State University USG seeks to outreach to and work for the students at Ohio State. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio State University The seven schools include St. Michael-Albertville High School (Grades 9–12), St. Michael–Albertville Middle School East (Grades 5–8), St. Michael–Albertville Middle School West (Grades 5–8), St. Michael Elementary School (Grades 1–4), Fieldstone Elementary School (Grades 1–4), Big Woods Elementary School (Grades 1–4), and Albertville Primary School (Kindergarten). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Michael, Minnesota St. Michael is a city in eastern Wright County, Minnesota, United States. St. Michael is a northwestern Suburb of the Minneapolis- St Paul “Twin Cities” metropolitan area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Michael, Minnesota St. Michael was incorporated in 1890. The Corner Bar, a restaurant in service since 1897, was on 10 Main Street South downtown which shut down January 9, 2020 and was razed on Friday, August 14, 2020. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Michael, Minnesota The two academies are Page Academy (Middle School alternative) and the Knights' Academy (High School alternative). There is also a private Catholic school in St. Michael for grades K–8, including preschool. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Michael, Minnesota Matt Spaeth – American football tight end for the Pittsburgh Steelers and Chicago Bears of the NFL. St. Michael–Albertville High School alumni. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Michael, Minnesota The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later King George IV, while he was acting as regent for his father, King George III. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Order of St Michael and St George Fort Loramie was established as a fur trading post in 1769 by Pierre-Louis de Lorimier (usually anglicized to Peter Loramie), a French-Canadian fur trader, British Indian agent and Shawnee agitator, and his father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fort Loramie, Ohio The fort stood on the portage between St. Mary's River and Loramie Creek a half mile north of the present town. It was used as one of the demarcation points in the Treaty of Greenville Aug., 1795. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fort Loramie, Ohio Boys born on this day were often christened Michael or Micheál. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michaelmas In Anglican and Episcopal tradition, there are three or four archangels in its calendar for 29 September feast for St. Michael and All Angels: namely Michael, Gabriel and Raphael, and often, Uriel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michaelmas Michaelmas has been one of the four quarter days of the financial, judicial, and academic year. In Christian angelology, the Archangel Michael is the greatest of all the angels and is honored for defeating Lucifer in the war in heaven. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Michaelmas Fort King George, re-constructed fort, now --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of forts in the United States The Ohio class is to be gradually replaced by the Columbia class beginning in 2031. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ohio-class submarine The future of the third statue, at the Ohio Statehouse, will be discussed in a meeting on July 16.The city was the first of eight cities offered the 360 ft (110 m) Birth of the New World statue, in 1993. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Columbus, Ohio Federal offices include the Joseph P. Kinneary U.S. Courthouse, one of several courts for the District Court for the Southern District of Ohio, after moving from 121 E. State St. in 1934. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Columbus, Ohio It houses the Ohio House of Representatives and Ohio Senate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Columbus, Ohio The station was also a stop along the Pennsylvania Railroad, the New York Central Railroad, the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the Norfolk and Western Railway, the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Columbus, Ohio On April 10, 2015, The Cross County Conference announced that they added Fort Loramie as a football-only member starting in 2017. 2016 will be their last season competing in the NWCC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Northwest Central Conference Saint Selaphiel the Archangel or Saint Sealtiel, Selatiel (Aramaic צלתיאל Tzelathiel "Prayer of God", Heb. שאלתיאל Shealtiel), sometimes identified with Salathiel from the Second Book of Esdras. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Selaphiel Selaphiel is often seen as the Patron Saint of prayer and worship for members of the Eastern Orthodox Church and some Catholic traditions. In some Orthodox traditions, he is said to help people interpret dreams, break addictions, protect children, preside over exorcisms, and rule over music in heaven. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Selaphiel The 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix with several tribes opened Kentucky to colonial settlement and established the Ohio River as a southern boundary for American Indian territory. In 1774 the Quebec Act restored the land east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River to Quebec, in effect making the Ohio the southern boundary of Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio River During the Revolutionary War. in 1776 the British military engineer John Montrésor created a map of the river showing the strategic location of Fort Pitt, including specific navigational information about the Ohio River's rapids and tributaries in that area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio River The modern Ohio River flows within segments of the ancient Teays. The ancient rivers were rearranged or consumed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio River The Hopewell disappeared from the Ohio Valley about 600 AD. The Mississippian Culture rose as the Hopewell Culture declined. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio Many Siouan-speaking peoples from the plains and east coast claim them as ancestors and say they lived throughout the Ohio region until approximately the 13th century. There were three other cultures contemporaneous with the Mississippians: the Fort Ancient people, the Whittlesey Focus people and the Monongahela Culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio Their origins are unknown. The Shawnees may have absorbed the Fort Ancient people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio Following the Ohio Company, the Miami Company (also referred to as the "Symmes Purchase") claimed the southwestern section, and the Connecticut Land Company surveyed and settled the Connecticut Western Reserve in present-day Northeast Ohio. Territorial surveyors from Fort Steuben began surveying an area of eastern Ohio called the Seven Ranges at about the same time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio A widely used "Prayer to Saint Michael" was brought into official use by Pope Leo XIII in 1886 and was recommended by Pope John Paul II in 1994. The feast day of the archangels Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael is December 1st, as this was, non-coincidentally, the day of birth of all three archangels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church They belong to Him because they were created through and for Him. "Catholic tradition calls Michael, Gabriel and Raphael archangels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Only Michael is called an archangel in the Bible. The feast of these angels is celebrated on September 29. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church And when Antichrist shall have set up his kingdom on earth, it is St Michael who will unfurl once more the standard of the cross, sound the last trumpet, bind together the false prophet and the beast and hurl them for all eternity into the burning pool. Saint Michael is the traditional prototype of the spiritual warrior, a paradigm extended to other warrior saints. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church (Castle of the Holy Angel) in honor of St. Michael. The Visio Sancti Pauli, written in the late fourth or early fifth century, presents St Michael as an advocate for sinners, guarantor of rain, and thus a patron of agriculture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The Visio Sancti Pauli, written in the late fourth or early fifth century, presents St Michael as an advocate for sinners, guarantor of rain, and thus a patron of agriculture. The Greek, Syrian, and Coptic Churches had venerated St. Michael since at least the early sixth century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church Early in the 8th century, Saint Michael reportedly appeared three times to Saint Aubert, the bishop of Avranches in Normandy, France, and instructed him to build a church on the small island now known as Mont Saint-Michel. Several healings were reported when the church was being built and Mont Saint-Michel still remains a Catholic pilgrimage site. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A large number of Roman Catholic churches around the globe are dedicated to Saint Michael, from Hammerfest, Norway, to Oeste Catarinense in Brazil. Saint Michael's feast day of September 29 has been solemnly celebrated in many locations since the fifth century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church A prayer to Saint Michael is included in the Rite of Exorcism in the Roman Ritual, and was retained, in edited form, in the 1999 revision of the rite. At the Benedictine Metten Abbey dedicated to Saint Michael the exorcism formula Vade Retro Satana was discovered in the 17th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church The phrase means "Who is like God?" and Saint Michael asks it scornfully as he slays Satan, represented as a dragon, or a man-like figure, at times with wings. The original meaning of the name Michael gave rise to the Latin phrase Quis ut Deus? which can be seen on his artistic portrayals of Michael defeating Satan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael in the Catholic Church In the 11th century, it was replaced by a Romanesque church. In 1047, Lambert II, Count of Leuven, and his wife Oda of Verdun, founded a chapter in this church, and organised the transportation to it of the relics of the martyr Saint Gudula, which were housed before then in Saint Gaugericus' Church on Saint-Géry Island. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula A statue commemorating his achievement can be found in Downtown Cleveland at Fort Washington Park. A statue of another famous Cleveland athlete, Irish American World Featherweight boxing champion Johnny Kilbane, stands in the city's Battery Park on the West Side. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cleveland It has a land area of 39 km2 (15 sq mi) and is found at the southwest portion of the island. Saint Michael has survived by name as one of the original six parishes created in 1629 by Governor Sir William Tufton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael, Barbados Other major infrastructure in St. Michael is the international seaport of Barbados—the Deep Water Harbour. Therein, a number of cruise ships arrive and depart including various lines such as Royal Caribbean and Cunard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Michael, Barbados On January 4, 1790, St. Clair changed the name of the settlement to honor the Society of the Cincinnati. In 1811, the introduction of steamboats on the Ohio River opened up the city's trade to more rapid shipping, and the city established commercial ties with St. Louis, Missouri, and New Orleans downriver. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cincinnati In 1811, the introduction of steamboats on the Ohio River opened up the city's trade to more rapid shipping, and the city established commercial ties with St. Louis, Missouri, and New Orleans downriver. Cincinnati was incorporated as a city on March 1, 1819. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cincinnati Most of Cincinnati's longtime residents have kinships rooted throughout the Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana tristate and deeper. The first Methodist class came about in 1798, city residents for years already inspired by the Methodist circuit preachers; among Methodist institutes were The Christ Hospital as well as projects of the German Methodist Church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cincinnati It was signed at Fort Greenville, now Greenville, Ohio, on August 3, 1795, following the Native American loss at the Battle of Fallen Timbers a year earlier. It ended the Northwest Indian War in the Ohio Country, limited Indian Country to northwestern Ohio, and began the practice of annual payments following the land concessions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Treaty of Greenville From Fort Recovery, the line ran south-southwest to the Ohio River at a point opposite the mouth of the Kentucky River in present-day Carrollton, Kentucky. Rufus Putnam, who had been appointed by George Washington as surveyor general of the United States, surveyed and marked the Treaty Line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Treaty of Greenville There were also other forts along the Great Lakes, such as Fort Miamis and other forts in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio that the British had agreed to cede to the United States in the 1783 Treaty of Paris but had yet to evacuate. In Indiana, there was the Vincennes Tract, Clark's Grant, and the settlement at Ouiatenon to protect. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Treaty of Greenville May prayer strengthen us for the spiritual battle that the Letter to the Ephesians speaks of: "Be strong in the Lord and in the strength of his might" (Ephesians 6:10). The Book of Revelation refers to this same battle, recalling before our eyes the image of St Michael the Archangel (cf. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Prayer to Saint Michael The story is also found in Carl Vogl's 1935 Begone Satan: A Soul-Stirring Account of Diabolical Possession in Iowa. In a later version, the vision is said to have occurred not in 1880, but on 13 October 1884, the year in which the Leonine Prayers were instituted but without the Prayer to Saint Michael. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Prayer to Saint Michael In tribute to this, many of the Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God's facilities are called “Raphael Centers” to this day. The 18th century Neapolitan nun, Saint Maria Francesca of the Five Wounds is also said to have seen apparitions of Raphael. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Raphael (archangel) Congress passed the Proclamation of 1783, which recognized Native American rights to the land. A council held in 1785 at Fort Detroit declared that the confederacy would deal jointly with the United States, forbade individual tribes from dealing directly with the United States, and declared the Ohio River as the boundary between their lands and those of the American settlers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northwest Territory The same proclamation officially changed Cincinnati's name from Losantiville into its present form. Its original boundaries claimed all land north of the Ohio River between the Great Miami River and Little Miami River as far north as Standing Stone Fork (now Loramie Creek), just north of present-day Piqua. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northwest Territory Belmont County was proclaimed September 7, 1801, formed out of Washington and Jefferson counties, with its seat at St. Clairsville. The Northwest Territory ceased to exist upon Ohio statehood on March 1, 1803; the lands in Ohio that were previously part of Wayne County but not included in Trumbull County reverted to an unorganized status until new counties could be formed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Northwest Territory The Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates his feast on 13 Paoni, 22 Koiak and 26 Paoni. The Ethiopian Church celebrates his feast on 28 December, with a sizeable number of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to "Saint Gabriel" in Kulubi on that day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gabriel Various sources state that the earthquake of 1275 destroyed the original Priory Church, although this may be a misunderstanding of the term "St Michael's on the Mount" which referred to the church of St Michael atop Glastonbury Tor. Syon Abbey, a monastery of the Bridgettine Order, acquired the Mount in 1424. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Michael's Mount In prehistoric times, St Michael's Mount may have been a port for the tin trade, and Gavin de Beer made a case for it to be identified with the "tin port" Ictis/Ictin mentioned by Posidonius. There are popular claims of a tradition that the Archangel Michael appeared before local fishermen on the mount in the 5th century AD,. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Michael's Mount But appeal to Michael seems to have been more common in ancient times. Jeremiah addresses a prayer to him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) In his third role, he weighs souls in his perfectly balanced scales. For this reason, Michael is often depicted holding scales. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) In many Eastern Orthodox icons, Christ is accompanied by a number of angels, Michael being a predominant figure among them. In Russia, many monasteries, cathedrals, court and merchant churches are dedicated to the Chief Commander Michael; most Russian cities have a church or chapel dedicated to the Archangel Michael. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) for even before them, the Jewish commentators, such as Wetstein, Surenhusius, etc. In the 19th Century, Charles Haddon Spurgeon stated that Jesus is "the true Michael" and “the only Archangel”, and that he is God the Son, and co-equal to the Father. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) In the 19th Century, Charles Haddon Spurgeon stated that Jesus is "the true Michael" and “the only Archangel”, and that he is God the Son, and co-equal to the Father. Within Anglicanism, the controversial bishop Robert Clayton (died 1758) proposed that Michael was the Logos and Gabriel the Holy Spirit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) From the tears of Michael, angels are created. Such angels are the helpers of Michael. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) Later in the 15th century, Jean Molinet glorified the primordial feat of arms of the archangel as "the first deed of knighthood and chivalrous prowess that was ever achieved." Thus Michael was the natural patron of the first chivalric order of France, the Order of Saint Michael of 1469. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) Since the 14th century, Saint Michael has been the patron saint of Dumfries in Scotland, where a church dedicated to him was built at the southern end of the town, on a mound overlooking the River Nith. An Anglican sisterhood dedicated to Saint Michael under the title of the Community of St Michael and All Angels was founded in 1851. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) In the United States military Saint Michael is considered to be a patron of paratroopers and, in particular, the 82nd Airborne Division. One of the first battles where the unit first was combat christened is the Battle of Saint-Mihiel during World War I. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) The Orthodox Church celebrates the Miracle at Chonae on September 6. The pious legend surrounding the event states that John the Apostle, when preaching nearby, foretold the appearance of Michael at Cheretopa near Lake Salda, where a healing spring appeared soon after the Apostle left; in gratitude for the healing of his daughter, one pilgrim built a church on the site. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) The Tridentine Calendar included a feast of the apparition on 8 May, the date of the 663 victory over the Greek Neapolitans that the Lombards of Manfredonia attributed to Saint Michael. The feast remained in the Roman liturgical calendar until removed in the revision of Pope John XXIII. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) According to Norman legend, Michael is said to have appeared to St Aubert, Bishop of Avranches, in 708, giving instruction to build a church on the rocky islet now known as Mont Saint-Michel. In 960 the Duke of Normandy commissioned a Benedictine abbey on the mount, and it remains a major pilgrimage site. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) This private revelation and prayers were approved by Pope Pius IX in 1851.From 1961 to 1965, four young schoolgirls had reported several apparitions of Archangel Michael in the small village of Garabandal, Spain. At Garabandal, the apparitions of the Archangel Michael were mainly reported as announcing the arrivals of the Virgin Mary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) In Christian art, Archangel Michael may be depicted alone or with other angels such as Gabriel. Some depictions with Gabriel date back to the 8th century, e.g. the stone casket at Notre Dame de Mortain church in France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) The iconography of Michael slaying a serpent goes back to the early 4th century, when Emperor Constantine defeated Licinius at the Battle of Adrianople in 324 AD, not far from the Michaelion, a church dedicated to Archangel Michael. Constantine felt that Licinius was an agent of Satan and associated him with the serpent described in the Book of Revelation (12:9). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michael (archangel) Its southern terminus is in Fort Loramie at the intersection of North Main Street (SR 66) and Elm Street. near the northern edge of Fort Loramie. SR 362 then runs about 1.1 miles (1.8 km) east, then turns north at its intersection with Fort Loramie–Swanders Road (which continues east). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio State Route 362 In 1932, an unnumbered state highway following the general route of the modern-day SR 362 was established on the west side of Lake Loramie. This route started at Fort Loramie-Swanders Road (modern-day County Road 27) and traveled north to the intersection of Main Street and First Street in Minster. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio State Route 362 The trend particularly began under former university administrator William Kirwan in 1998, who set out to greatly increase the quality of applicants and make the university an elite academic university. Michael V. Drake, former chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, became the 15th president of the Ohio State University on June 30, 2014. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio State University Michael V. Drake, former chancellor of the University of California, Irvine, became the 15th president of the Ohio State University on June 30, 2014. He announced on November 21, 2019, that he would retire at the end of the 2019–2020 academic year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ohio State University The original home of the Order was the Palace of St. Michael and St. George in Corfu, the residence of the Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands and the seat of the Ionian Senate. Since 1906, the Order's chapel has been in St Paul's Cathedral in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Order of St Michael and St George Fort Loramie was established as a fur trading post in 1769 by Pierre-Louis de Lorimier (usually anglicized to Peter Loramie), a French-Canadian fur trader, British Indian agent and Shawnee agitator, and his father. The Shawnee used the trading post as a staging area for attacks against Americans during the Revolutionary War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fort Loramie, Ohio According to an old legend, blackberries should not be picked after this date (see above). In Yorkshire, it is said that the devil spat on them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Michaelmas The present façade was built in 1792 in a Neoclassical style by Ernest Koch, a typical style for the reign of emperor Joseph II. Above the entrance, on top of the pediment, resting on Doric columns by Antonio Beduzzi, stands a group with winged angels and St. Michael slaying Lucifer (1725). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna Above the entrance, on top of the pediment, resting on Doric columns by Antonio Beduzzi, stands a group with winged angels and St. Michael slaying Lucifer (1725). These sculptural figures were executed by the Italian sculptor Lorenzo Mattielli, who also sculpted the Hercules figures at the Hofburg entrance, just opposite the church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of Saint Michael, Vienna Saint Selaphiel the Archangel or Saint Sealtiel, Selatiel (Aramaic צלתיאל Tzelathiel "Prayer of God", Heb. שאלתיאל Shealtiel), sometimes identified with Salathiel from the Second Book of Esdras. He is one of the seven archangels in the Byzantine Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Selaphiel
3617.	Q: Does the Rosario Cathedral or the Gokarnatheshwara Temple have writing in a higher spot on the building? Title = Rosario Cathedral Description = Title = Gokarnatheshwara Temple 7042008 Description = A: Rosario Cathedral. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary, Spot (fish), Rosario, Santa Fe, Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore, Spot contract, Our Lady of Rosary Cathedral, Mangalore, Kudroli, Our Lady of the Rosary, Estelí, Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Pompei, SPOT (satellite), Liver spot, Great Red Spot, Mangalore, Spot welding, Gokarnanatheshwara Temple, Rosario Livatino, Arago spot, Leaf spot, See Spot Run, GameSpot, Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral, Santos Toggle details	Aluminium alloys can be spot welded, but their much higher thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity requires higher welding currents. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Spot welding This kind of transaction is referred to as a spot transaction or simply spot. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spot contract It is also a historic place as the ruler, Tippu Sultan has his fort just a couple of kilometers away known as Sultan Battery. Kudroli is also famous for Gokarnatheshwara Temple. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kudroli Kudroli is also famous for Gokarnatheshwara Temple. This temple was built by a great devotee (of lord Shiva) and businessman called H. Coragappa in the year 1912. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kudroli The open circuit voltage from the transformer is higher than this, typically in the 5 to 22 volt range. The resistance of the weld spot changes as it flows and liquefies. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spot welding Aluminium alloys can be spot welded, but their much higher thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity requires higher welding currents. This requires larger, more powerful, and more expensive welding transformers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spot welding Bloodworms are the ideal bait when fishing for spot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spot (fish) The settlement price (or rate) is called spot price (or spot rate). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spot contract The spot welding process tends to harden the material, causing it to warp. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spot welding The interior of the spot has less heat conducted away, so it melts first. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spot welding Spot welding can be easily identified on many sheet metal goods, such as metal buckets. Aluminium alloys can be spot welded, but their much higher thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity requires higher welding currents. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spot welding The list can go on for some time however these are some of the most known predators of the spot fish. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot (fish) During summer, it moves to water with a higher salinity, and then it moves offshore once autumn begins, and the water begins to cool. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot (fish) Standard settlement dates are calculated from the spot date. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot contract In contrast, a perishable or soft commodity does not allow this arbitrage – the cost of storage is effectively higher than the expected future price of the commodity. As a result, spot prices will reflect current supply and demand, not future price movements. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot contract Such cells might then aggregate into a spot with an irregular shape. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Liver spot It is not known how long the spot will last, or whether the change is a result of normal fluctuations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Red Spot It was no longer present as of 1994, although a similar spot had appeared farther to the north. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Red Spot Mangaladevi Temple attracts devotees from all over the country during Navaratri. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mangalore Forcing a large current through the spot will melt the metal and form the weld. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot welding Electrodes used in spot welding can vary greatly with different applications. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot welding The resistance of the weld spot changes as it flows and liquefies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spot welding These conditions together explain why the bright spot is not encountered in everyday life. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Arago spot Another is to probe aberrations in laser beams by using the spot's sensitivity to beam aberrations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Arago spot As the economy of Argentina recovers, the capacity of the taxi fleet has been strained by higher usage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rosario, Santa Fe The spot date may be different for different types of financial transactions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract A transaction which has settlement after the spot date is called a forward or a forward contract. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract For example, a one-month foreign exchange forward settles one month after the spot date. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract A spot rate curve displays these rates over various maturities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract The terminology is consistent with the above, in that the spot rate is related to the forward rate analogously. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract Other settlement dates are also possible. Standard settlement dates are calculated from the spot date. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot contract Whether the original spot dissipated and reformed, whether it faded, or if the observational record was simply poor is unknown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Red Spot The upper atmosphere above the storm, however, has substantially higher temperatures than the rest of the planet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Red Spot Though winds around the edge of the spot peak at about 432 km/h --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Red Spot Another feature of spot welding is that the energy delivered to the spot can be controlled to produce reliable welds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding The equipment used in the spot welding process consists of tool holders and electrodes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding Both water and a brine solution may be used as coolants in spot welding mechanisms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding The fast motion in spot welding can be observed with high speed photography. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding The perimeter of the spot will conduct away much heat and keep the perimeter at a lower temperature. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding Resistance spot welding generates no bright arc, so UV protection is not required. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding The cells are joined by spot welding thin nickel straps to the battery terminals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding The spot welding process tends to harden the material, causing it to warp. This reduces the material's fatigue strength, and may stretch the material as well as anneal it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spot welding However, with the laser sources available today, it is undemanding to perform an Arago-spot experiment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot In astronomy, the Arago spot can also be observed in the strongly defocussed image of a star in a Newtonian telescope. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot Arago later noted that the phenomenon (later known as "Poisson's spot" or the "spot of Arago") had already been observed by Delisle and Maraldi a century earlier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot Furthermore, this means that the Arago spot is present even just a few obstacle diameters behind the disc. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot The following images show the radial intensity distribution of the simulated Arago spot images above: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot From an extended source the Arago spot is only affected marginally, since one can interpret the Arago spot as a point-spread function. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot Note, that the 100 μm edge corrugation almost completely removes the central bright spot. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arago spot Knowing the disease cycle of each microbial agent also helps in managing leaf spot disease. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Plant material can also be the cause of leaf spot disease. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Thiabendazole is used to treat leaf spot diseases of turf and ornamentals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Both fenarimol and nuarimol are pyrimidines that also treats leaf spot disease. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Diversity in plant species has also been found to reduce the prevalence of leaf spot disease. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Fungicides should be used only when necessary, and if applied, early before the leaf spot disease progresses. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot Alternaria leaf spot, a plant fungal disease caused by Alternaria alternata --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leaf spot I believe CNET intends to soften the site's tone and push for higher scores to make advertisers happy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) GameSpot The assembly is installed in the Room "Oscar Claudio Caprile", located in the heart of the magnificent building that is shaped like a comet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe As a result, spot prices will reflect current supply and demand, not future price movements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract In finance, the spot date of a transaction is the normal settlement day when the transaction is done today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract In the foreign exchange market, spot is normally two banking days forward for the currency pair traded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract A spot rate is the interest rate for a specific maturity, which is to be used for discounting the cash flows which occur at that date. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract spot rates are thus estimated from these prices via the bootstrapping method, and the result is the spot rate curve for the securities in question. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract In finance, the spot date of a transaction is the normal settlement day when the transaction is done today. This kind of transaction is referred to as a spot transaction or simply spot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot contract Much more convincing is Giovanni Cassini's description of a "permanent spot" the following year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot A minor mystery concerns a Jovian spot depicted in a 1711 canvas by Donato Creti, which is exhibited in the Vatican. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot The spot is confined by a modest eastward jet stream to its south and a very strong westward one to its north. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot The rotation period of the spot has decreased with time, perhaps as a direct result of its steady reduction in size. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot Despite this, however, the spot has "lapped" the planet in System II at least 10 times since the early nineteenth century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot Its visibility is apparently coupled to the SEB; when the belt is bright white, the spot tends to be dark, and when it is dark, the spot is usually light. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Red Spot The amount of heat (energy) delivered to the spot is determined by the resistance between the electrodes and the magnitude and duration of the current. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding The goal is to apply enough energy so that a portion of material within the spot melts without having the entire spot melt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding If the welding current is applied too long, the entire spot melts, the material runs out or otherwise fails, and the "weld" becomes a hole. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding The open circuit voltage from the transformer is higher than this, typically in the 5 to 22 volt range. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding Electrodes used in spot welding can vary greatly with different applications. Each tool style has a different purpose. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding The perimeter of the spot will conduct away much heat and keep the perimeter at a lower temperature. The interior of the spot has less heat conducted away, so it melts first. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spot welding This results in a bright spot at the shadow's center, where geometrical optics and particle theories of light predict that there should be no light at all. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot The original Arago spot experiment was carried out a decade later and was the deciding experiment on the question of whether light is a particle or a wave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot Since the Arago spot is not easily observed in everyday situations, Poisson interpreted it as an absurd result and that it should disprove Fresnel's theory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot He succeeded in observing the predicted spot, which convinced most scientists of the wave nature of light and gave Fresnel the win. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot For an ideal point source, the intensity of the Arago spot equals that of the undisturbed wave front. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot At the same time the intensity of the Arago spot is reduced with respect to the intensity of the undisturbed wave front. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot This means that a small amount of surface roughness of the circular object can completely cancel out the bright spot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot Beside the demonstration of wave-behavior, the Arago spot also has a few other applications. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot One of the ideas is to use the Arago spot as a straight line reference in alignment systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arago spot Other forms of leaf spot diseases include leaf rust, downy mildew and blights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leaf spot For example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci is known to cause angular leaf spot of cucumber, Pseudomonas syringae pv. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leaf spot Accurate identification of leaf spot disease is needed as to distinguish signs of illness from damage done by herbicides. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leaf spot An example is Xanthomanos vesicatoria, which causes bacterial spot of tomato and pepper, that is now resistant to streptomycin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leaf spot Susceptibility to leaf spot disease can occur due to insufficient or excessive fertilising of plants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leaf spot One inmate calls him "Music Man", and he threatens, in a higher voice, "I'm gonna catch you in the yard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) See Spot Run One inmate calls him "Music Man", and he threatens, in a higher voice, "I'm gonna catch you in the yard. We're gonna settle this man to man!". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) See Spot Run Their diet consists largely of organic detritus, small crustaceans, and worms. Bloodworms are the ideal bait when fishing for spot. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot (fish) It lives in the estuaries and bays until spring, when it migrates to the deeper waters that it spawns in. During summer, it moves to water with a higher salinity, and then it moves offshore once autumn begins, and the water begins to cool. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot (fish) Some belong to radio-taxi companies and can be reserved by telephone; others only in the streets. As the economy of Argentina recovers, the capacity of the taxi fleet has been strained by higher usage. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe As a result, spot prices will reflect current supply and demand, not future price movements. Spot prices can therefore be quite volatile and move independently from forward prices. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot contract Standard settlement dates are calculated from the spot date. For example, a one-month foreign exchange forward settles one month after the spot date. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot contract At the present rate of reduction, it would become circular by 2040. It is not known how long the spot will last, or whether the change is a result of normal fluctuations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Red Spot The equipment used in the spot welding process consists of tool holders and electrodes. The tool holders function as a mechanism to hold the electrodes firmly in place and also support optional water hoses that cool the electrodes during welding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot welding The interior of the spot has less heat conducted away, so it melts first. If the welding current is applied too long, the entire spot melts, the material runs out or otherwise fails, and the "weld" becomes a hole. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot welding The resistance of the weld spot changes as it flows and liquefies. Modern welding equipment can monitor and adjust the weld in real-time to ensure a consistent weld. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot welding The cells are joined by spot welding thin nickel straps to the battery terminals. Spot welding can keep the battery from getting too hot, as might happen if conventional soldering were done. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spot welding The Gokarnanatheshwara Temple, otherwise known as Kudroli Sri Gokarnanatha Kshetra, is in the Kudroli area of Mangalore in Karnataka, India. It was consecrated by Narayana Guru. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gokarnanatheshwara Temple These conditions together explain why the bright spot is not encountered in everyday life. However, with the laser sources available today, it is undemanding to perform an Arago-spot experiment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot However, with the laser sources available today, it is undemanding to perform an Arago-spot experiment. In astronomy, the Arago spot can also be observed in the strongly defocussed image of a star in a Newtonian telescope. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot The original Arago spot experiment was carried out a decade later and was the deciding experiment on the question of whether light is a particle or a wave. It is thus an example of an experimentum crucis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot b is the distance between circular object and screen. The following images show the radial intensity distribution of the simulated Arago spot images above: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot Note that this is only the case if the source is close to an ideal point source. From an extended source the Arago spot is only affected marginally, since one can interpret the Arago spot as a point-spread function. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot From an extended source the Arago spot is only affected marginally, since one can interpret the Arago spot as a point-spread function. Therefore, the image of the extended source only becomes washed out due to the convolution with the point-spread function, but it does not decrease in over all intensity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot Another is to probe aberrations in laser beams by using the spot's sensitivity to beam aberrations. Finally, the aragoscope has been proposed as a method for dramatically improving the diffraction-limited resolution of space-based telescopes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arago spot Splashing water can also spread pathogens from the soil to leaf and amongst leaves. Plant material can also be the cause of leaf spot disease. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Leaf spot Plant material can also be the cause of leaf spot disease. These include infected seeds, transplants and discarded culls and leaves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Leaf spot Thiabendazole is used to treat leaf spot diseases of turf and ornamentals. Both fenarimol and nuarimol are pyrimidines that also treats leaf spot disease. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Leaf spot Susceptibility to leaf spot disease can occur due to insufficient or excessive fertilising of plants. Checking plants periodically for any signs and symptoms of disease is also good practice. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Leaf spot
1061.	Q: What color umbrellas are outside the Newloon Moon Supermarket in Chinatown? Title = New Loon Moon Supermarket, Chinatown, W1 (7008074065) Description = A: White Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Chinatown, Chinatown, Manhattan, Detective Chinatown, Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, Chinatown, Los Angeles, Chinatown, San Francisco, Chinatown, Houston, Chinatown, My Chinatown, Chinatown (1974 film), Detective Chinatown 3 Toggle details	The Chinatown in Manchester is located in central Manchester. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chinatown However, commercial activity is not concentrated evenly through Chinatown. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chinatown, Manhattan From the early 1910s, Chinatown began to decline. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chinatown, Los Angeles The Chinatown is located on a mostly treeless plain. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chinatown, Houston Chinatown isn't a docudrama, it's a fiction. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chinatown (1974 film) Nowadays, Sydney's Chinatown is centered on Dixon Street. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown The Chinatown of Adelaide was originally built in the 1960s and was renovated in the 1980s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown There was funky China men from funky Chinatown ..." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown The Chinatown grew and became more oriented toward families due to the lifting of restrictions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown is in the process of becoming an entirely new place. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, Los Angeles Events that have been held or are planned in Los Angeles's Chinatown include: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, Los Angeles Plans to relocate Chinatown predated the earthquake several years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, San Francisco San Francisco Chinatown's annual Autumn Moon Festival celebrates seasonal change and the opportunity to give thanks to a bountiful summer harvest. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, San Francisco The clientele of this Chinatown tends to be middle class. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, Houston "Chinatown, My Chinatown" has been recorded by numerous artists. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chinatown, My Chinatown Since it started in Omaha, that city had a notable Chinatown for almost a century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown The London Chinatown Chinese Association is active in Chinatown, London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown Although the term "Chinatown" was first used in Asia, it is not derived from a Chinese language. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown In Canada, Vancouver's Chinatown is the country's largest. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown Notable Chinatowns also exist in Chinatown, Lima, Peru. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown In 2000, most of Chinatown's residents came from Asia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Manhattan By 2007, luxury condominiums began to spread from SoHo into Chinatown. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Manhattan Previously, Chinatown was noted for its crowded tenements and primarily Chinese residents. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Manhattan In August 2011, a new branch of New York Supermarket opened on Mott Street in the central district of grocery and food shopping of Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown was gradually demolished, leaving many businesses without a place to do business and forcing some to close. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Los Angeles The neighborhood that has become Chinatown was formerly Sonoratown and then Little Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Los Angeles Chinatown has served as the setting for many Hollywood films. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Los Angeles The conclusion of the film Chinatown was filmed on Spring Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Los Angeles The movie Rush Hour was filmed on location in Chinatown. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Los Angeles By then, 5,000 residents had returned, of the estimated 30,000 that lived in Chinatown prior to the quake. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, San Francisco To the Chinese in Chinatown, she became an icon of the war years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, San Francisco The organization advocates and provides services to San Francisco's Chinatown. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, San Francisco The new Chinatown is served by two school districts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Houston A portion is served by Albright Middle, outside Chinatown. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown, Houston When they reach the Chinatown address, the police are already there and detain Gittes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown (1974 film) But there are echoes of Mullholland's aqueduct project in Chinatown.... --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown (1974 film) , Chinatown was 78th among critics and 91st among directors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chinatown (1974 film) Binondo in Manila, established in 1594, is recognized as the world's oldest Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown This contrasts with narrower definitions, where the term only described Chinatown in a city setting. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown "In British publications before the 1890s, "Chinatown" appeared mainly in connection with California. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown The Chinatown in Liverpool is the oldest Chinese community in Europe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown The Chinese gangs controlled certain territories of Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan There was a lot of Cantonese resentment against Fuzhou immigrants arriving into Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan However, the Fuzhou part of Chinatown caters less to tourists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan In 2016, the oldest continuously run business in Manhattan’s Chinatown was up for sale: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan In Chinatown, more than 300 Chinese restaurants provide employment. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan PS 130 Hernando De Soto is located in Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Manhattan 1UP.com gave it an A-, saying that "from the start, Chinatown Wars looks impressive". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars In 2000 AsianWeek said that the Los Angeles Chinatown was "troubled. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Los Angeles Two of Chinatown's restaurants highlight the history and diversity of this neighborhood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Los Angeles Within Chinatown there are two major north–south thoroughfares. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, San Francisco A major focal point in Chinatown is Portsmouth Square. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, San Francisco When the earthquake destroyed Chinatown's wooden tenements, it also dealt a blow to the tongs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, San Francisco By 1947, Chinatown established itself as a central tourist destination and a rapidly developing community. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, San Francisco The first businesses of the new Houston Chinatown opened in 1983. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Houston In addition Sneed Elementary School, outside Chinatown, serves a portion of Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Houston Owens Middle School is a zoned intermediate school in Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Houston Budewig, Miller, and Youngblood, outside Chinatown, serve portions of Chinatown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Houston Middle schools in Chinatown include Alief Middle, Killough, and O'Donnell. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown, Houston Instead, Towne asked for $25,000 from Evans to write his own story, Chinatown, to which Evans agreed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chinatown (1974 film) It was initially referred to as a Chinatown but was subsequently renamed due to the influx of non-Chinese Asian Americans who opened businesses there. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown In 2012, Tijuana's Chinatown formed as a result of availability of direct flights to China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown A recent study also suggests that the demographic change is also driven by gentrification of what were previously Chinatown neighborhoods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown Construction of these red arches is often financed by local financial contributions from the Chinatown community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown In Chicago's Chinatown, the On Leong Merchants Association was active. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown By 1869, "Chinatown had acquired its full modern meaning all over the U.S. and Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown All traces of Chinatown and China Alley there have disappeared, despite a once large and prosperous community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown Sydney's main Chinatown centers on Sussex Street in the Sydney downtown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown Berlin, Germany has one established Chinatown in the area around Kantstrasse of Charlottenburg in the West. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown The Chinatown in London was established in the Limehouse district in the late 19th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown The Chinatown of Adelaide was originally built in the 1960s and was renovated in the 1980s. It is located near Adelaide Central Market and the Adelaide Bus Station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown Manhattan's Chinatown is also one of the oldest Chinese ethnic enclaves. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Although a Business Improvement District has been identified for support, Chinatown has no officially defined borders, but they have been commonly considered to be approximated by the following streets: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Ah Ken is claimed to have arrived in the area during the 1850s; he is the first Chinese person credited as having permanently immigrated to Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan However, since the 2010s, gentrification has been setting into the Chinatown neighborhood including the Little Fuzhou enclave. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan The increasing Fuzhou influx had shifted into the Brooklyn Chinatown in the Sunset Park section of Brooklyn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan This shift replaces the Cantonese population throughout Brooklyn's Sunset Park Chinatown significantly more rapidly than in Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Despite the more recently emerged large Fuzhou population, many of the Chinese businesses in Chinatown are still Cantonese owned. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Lum started the "W.O.W. Project", which hopes to "preserve Chinatown’s creative scene through art and activism". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan A Chinatown business improvement district was established in 2011 despite opposition from business owners in the community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Many of the Chinese restaurant menus in the U.S. are printed in Chinatown, Manhattan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan The Chinese American experience has been documented at the Museum of Chinese in America in Manhattan's Chinatown since 1980. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan The housing stock of Chinatown is still mostly composed of cramped tenement buildings, some of which are over 100 years old. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan In the past, Chinatown had Chinese movie theaters that provided entertainment to the Chinese population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown is patrolled by the 5th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 19 Elizabeth Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown and the Lower East Side have a low population of residents who are uninsured. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan For every supermarket in Chinatown and the Lower East Side, there are 18 bodegas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan The United States Postal Service operates two post offices in Chinatown: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan PS 124, The Yung Wing School is located in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan All streets in Chinatown have Chinese names as well, which are noted on bilingual street signs in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Geographically, much of the growth occurred in neighborhoods to the north. The Chinatown grew and became more oriented toward families due to the lifting of restrictions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan The neighborhood is home to several large Chinese supermarkets. In August 2011, a new branch of New York Supermarket opened on Mott Street in the central district of grocery and food shopping of Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Manhattan Another sequel, Detective Chinatown 3, was released on 12 February 2021. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Detective Chinatown Chinatown Wars is an action-adventure game set in an open world environment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Chinatown Wars was released on iPhone and iPod Touch on 17 January 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Chinatown Wars received the Best Handheld Game award. However, the version was not specified. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars A separate commercial center, known as "New Chinatown," opened for business in 1938. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles Chinatown can refer to one of three locations near downtown Los Angeles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles What is now known as Old Chinatown refers to the original location on Alameda and Macy (1880s–1933). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles Residents were evicted to make room for Union Station without a plan for the relocation of the Chinatown community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles A remnant of Old Chinatown persisted into the early 1950s, situated between Union Station and the Old Plaza. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles Others preferred the New Chinatown project, considered less distorted by the stereotyping lens of Hollywood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles Metro Plaza Hotel was opened in the southwest corner of Chinatown in the early 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Los Angeles There are two public housing projects in Chinatown, Ping Yuen and North Ping Yuen. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco The white customers' patronization of Chinatown prostitutes was more extensive than gambling. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco By the 1870s and further established in the 1880s and 1890s, Chinatown's exotic, infamous reputation began to attract tourists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco By the early 1880s, the term Tong war was being popularly used to describe these periods of violence in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco The next morning, all of Chinatown was quarantined, with policemen preventing "Asiatics" (people of Asian heritage) from either entering or leaving. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco The Chinatown neighborhood was completely destroyed in the 1906 earthquake and fire that leveled most of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco The reconstruction of Chinatown was completed more or less in 1908, a year ahead of the rest of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco During the Great Depression, many nightclubs and cocktail bars were started in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco This ruling allowed the enlargement of Chinatown and an increase in the Chinese population of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco Other notorious acts of violence have taken place in Chinatown since 1977. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco As Chinatown's tourist industry suffered, the entire area's once stable economy suffered. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco By 1958, the festival queen had been formally expanded into the pageant of "Miss Chinatown U.S.A". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco Modern rail service will return at Chinatown station upon completion of the Central Subway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco The tunnel currently serves to connect Chinatown with Russian Hill and Van Ness Avenue to the west. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, San Francisco Chinatown (Chinese: 華埠 or 中國城) is a community in Southwest Houston, Texas, United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston In 2004 Nancy Sarnoff of the Houston Chronicle described it as a westward shift for Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston The Bellaire Chinatown has many "retail condos," shopping centers in which spaces are owned instead of leased. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston Southwestern National Bank has its headquarters in Chinatown and Greater Sharpstown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston MetroCorp Bancshares and subsidiary MetroBank previously had their headquarters in Chinatown and in Greater Sharpstown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston In addition the magnet school Alief Kerr High School is in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston Strake Jesuit College Preparatory and Saint Agnes Academy are in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston Many Chinese holidays are celebrated in the Chinatown area with official events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston The Chinatown is located on a mostly treeless plain. The community is between Westchase and the City of Sugar Land. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, Houston By the time "Chinatown, My Chinatown" became a national hit in 1915, the two were no longer collaborating. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown, My Chinatown Gittes arranges for the women to flee to Mexico and instructs Evelyn to meet him at her butler's home in Chinatown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown (1974 film) Lawrence Walsh, one of Gittes's associates, tells him: "Forget it, Jake. It's Chinatown." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chinatown (1974 film) It is a sequel to Detective Chinatown 2 (2018) and is the third installment in the Detective Chinatown series. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Detective Chinatown 3 Areas known as "Chinatown" exist throughout the world, including Europe, North America, South America, Asia, Africa and Australasia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The Chinatown centered on Yaowarat Road in Bangkok, Thailand, was founded at the same time as the city itself, in 1782. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The Chinatown in San Francisco is one of the largest in North America and the oldest north of Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The first Chinatown in London was located in the Limehouse area of the East End of London at the start of the 20th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected tourism and business in Chinatown, San Francisco and Chinatown, Chicago, as well as others worldwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown For example, the Chinatown in Philadelphia has a sizeable non-Chinese population residing within the community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Mahale Chiniha, the Chinatown in Iran, contains many buildings that were constructed in the Chinese architectural style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Chinatown, Paris has an institution in the Association des Résidents en France d'origine indochinoise --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The Vietnamese term for Chinatown is Khu người Hoa (Chinese district) or phố Tàu (Chinese street). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown In Japanese, the term "chūkagai" (中華街, literally "Chinese Street") is the translation used for Yokohama and Nagasaki Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Derrick Avenue in Cyrildene, Johannesburg, hosts South Africa's largest Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The oldest Chinatown in the Americas is in Mexico City and dates back to at least the early 17th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Melbourne's Chinatown originated during the Victorian gold rush in 1851, and is notable as the oldest Chinatown in Australia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown It has also been claimed to be the longest continuously running Chinese community outside of Asia, but only because the 1906 San Francisco earthquake all but destroyed the Chinatown in San Francisco in California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown It stretches from Central Station in the east to Darling Harbour in the west, and is Australia's largest Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown There is Chinatown, London, England as well as major Chinatowns in Birmingham, Liverpool, Newcastle, and Manchester. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The martial arts actor Bruce Lee is well known as a person who was born in the Chinatown of San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown San Francisco's Chinatown - Tin How Temple (天后古廟), Ma-Tsu Temple (美國舊金山媽祖廟朝聖宮) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Yangon Chinatown - Kheng Hock Keong (慶福宮) & Guanyin Gumiao Temple (觀音古廟) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Kuala Lumpur Chinatown - Sin Sze Si Ya Temple (仙四師爺廟) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown The Chinatown in London was established in the Limehouse district in the late 19th century. The Chinatown in Manchester is located in central Manchester. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown Columbus Park, the only park in Chinatown, was built on what was once the center of the infamous Five Points neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan As a result, Manhattan's Chinatown and Brooklyn's emerging Chinatown were able to continue retaining its traditional, almost-exclusive Cantonese society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan However, there was already a small and slow-growing Fuzhou immigrant population in Manhattan's Chinatown since the 1970s-80s in the eastern section of Chinatown east of the Bowery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Not only did the Fuzhou immigration influx establish a new portion of Manhattan's Chinatown, they contributed significantly in maintaining the Chinese population in the neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Chinatown was 47,844, a change of -4,531 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan As of 2017, the median household income in Community District 3 was $39,584, though the median income in Chinatown individually was $68,657. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan The Cantonese dominated western section of Chinatown also continues to be the main busy Chinese business district. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Unlike most other urban Chinatowns, Manhattan's Chinatown is both a residential area as well as commercial area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan While some projects have targeted the Chinese community, the development of luxury housing has increased Chinatown's economic and cultural diversity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan In addition Mandarin began to eclipse Cantonese as the predominant Chinese dialect in New York's Chinatown during the period. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan The western half of Chinatown (the original Cantonese Chinatown), known as Little Hong Kong/Guangdong, is still relatively active. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan However, the eastern/southern part of Chinatown, known as Little Fuzhou, has become primarily residential, and thus, the most primarily affected by the decline in business. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan The September 11, 2001 attacks caused a decline in business for stores and restaurants in Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown was adversely affected by the attacks; being so physically close to Ground Zero, Chinatown saw a very slow return of tourism and business. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Just a block away from New York Supermarket, is a Hong Kong Supermarket located on the corner of Elizabeth and Hester Streets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan In addition, Pearl River Mart, which opened in 1971, has become one of the more notable family-owned stores in Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan By 2007, luxury condominiums began to spread from SoHo into Chinatown. Previously, Chinatown was noted for its crowded tenements and primarily Chinese residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan In addition, high-income professionals are moving into the area and patronizing Chinese businesses. However, commercial activity is not concentrated evenly through Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan In 2016, the oldest continuously run business in Manhattan’s Chinatown was up for sale: Wing on Wo and Co, established in 1890. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan The enclave's many restaurants also support the tourism industry. In Chinatown, more than 300 Chinese restaurants provide employment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan In August 2011, a new branch of New York Supermarket opened on Mott Street in the central district of grocery and food shopping of Manhattan's Chinatown. Just a block away from New York Supermarket, is a Hong Kong Supermarket located on the corner of Elizabeth and Hester Streets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Just a block away from New York Supermarket, is a Hong Kong Supermarket located on the corner of Elizabeth and Hester Streets. These two supermarkets are among the largest Chinese supermarkets carrying all different food varieties within the long-time established Cantonese community in the western section of Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan Chinatown is located within two primary ZIP Codes. The area east of Bowery is part of 10002, while the area west of Bowery is part of 10013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Manhattan A sequel, titled Detective Chinatown 2, was released in February 2018, and a third film was released in February 2021. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Detective Chinatown In the credits, Qin and Tang are called to New York, where they must solve another case in Detective Chinatown 2. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Detective Chinatown Xiao Yang as Kon Tai (Chinese: 坤泰)A police sergeant of Chinatown police department. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Detective Chinatown According to Nintendo World Report, Chinatown Wars contains over 900,000 lines of "hand-optimized" code. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars On 13 October 2013, Chinatown Wars was removed from the App Store with no statement given by Rockstar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Chinatown Wars was nominated for Game of the Year by Nintendo Power, as well as Nintendo DS Game of the Year, Best Nintendo DS Graphics, and Best Adventure Game. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Chinatown Wars continues the series' tradition of controversy because of a drug dealing minigame that includes heroin and ecstasy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars The first Chinatown, centered on Alameda and Macy Streets (now Cesar Chavez Avenue), was established in 1880. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Reaching its heyday from 1890 to 1910, Chinatown grew to approximately fifteen streets and alleys containing some two hundred buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Seven years passed before an acceptable relocation proposal was put into place, situating a new Chinatown in its present location. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Though lacking the hustle and bustle of San Francisco's Chinatown, Los Angeles' version has charms of its own." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Traditional Chinese restaurants that have remained are being joined by a variety of new restaurants as the opportunities Chinatown offers is recognized by additional restaurateurs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles The Firecracker Run and Fun Walk• Mid-autumn Moon Festival --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles It is said that a stroll down Old Chinatown Plaza has many rewards, including recognizing many other locations that are used in filmmaking and television production. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Many welcomed the economic opportunity the project provided. Others preferred the New Chinatown project, considered less distorted by the stereotyping lens of Hollywood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Chinatown has served as the setting for many Hollywood films. The conclusion of the film Chinatown was filmed on Spring Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Los Angeles Chinatown is an enclave that continues to retain its own customs, languages, places of worship, social clubs, and identity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Recent immigrants, many of whom are elderly, opt to live in Chinatown because of the availability of affordable housing and their familiarity with the culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco In the 1970s, the population density in Chinatown was seven times the San Francisco average. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Many of the Chinese immigrants who managed to accumulate wealth while living in Chinatown move to the Richmond District, the Sunset District, or the suburbs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco The San Francisco Police Department established its so-called Chinatown Squad in the 1880s, consisting of six patrolmen led by a sergeant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco "The fire had full sway, and Chinatown, for the removal of which many a scheme has been devised, is but a memory." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco The representatives, "acting unofficially", stated "the only way to remove the Chinese from the old Chinatown would be to give them a place elsewhere that would be acceptable for their purpose, when they might be willing to move. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Ironically, plans to relocate Chinatown failed in the end because restrictive housing covenants in other areas of the city prohibited Chinese from settling elsewhere. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco In any event, the ability to rebuild in their old Chinatown quarters was the first significant victory for the Chinese community in Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco By June 10, 1906, twelve Chinese businesses were opened in Chinatown, including a couple of cafes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco While the city's proposals to relocate Chinatown failed, the directive of rebuilding Chinatown into an attractive district along orientalized and stereotyped conceptions still gained traction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Criminal tongs continued on until the 1920s, when legitimate Chinese merchants and a more capable Chinatown Squad under Sgt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Tension began to arise between businesses in Chinatown seeking to modernize and city planning committees seeking to maintain the "Oriental" look of the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Similar to the post-earthquake discussion, Chinatown remained a contested space for conflicting visions of the area's development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco San Francisco artist Frank Wong created miniature dioramas that depict Chinatown during the 1930s and 1940s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco Now, Chinatown has established itself as the top tourist site in the city even as the area remains contested by forces of economic and social development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco The 49-Mile Scenic Drive is routed through Chinatown, with particular attention paid to the corner of Grant and Clay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco By then, 5,000 residents had returned, of the estimated 30,000 that lived in Chinatown prior to the quake. When the earthquake destroyed Chinatown's wooden tenements, it also dealt a blow to the tongs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco The Chinese were no longer a problem for the city; they were forgotten. By 1947, Chinatown established itself as a central tourist destination and a rapidly developing community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco San Francisco Chinatown's annual Autumn Moon Festival celebrates seasonal change and the opportunity to give thanks to a bountiful summer harvest. The Moon Festival is popularly celebrated throughout China and surrounding countries each year, with local bazaars, entertainment, and mooncakes, a pastry filled with sweet bean paste and egg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, San Francisco In 2005 Christy Chang, a tour operator who operated tours into Chinatown, said, "This area is not just Chinatown anymore. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston The Bellaire Chinatown is about 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Downtown Houston. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston The businesses within the new Chinatown include a mall, supermarkets, shopping centers, restaurants, and bakeries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston Two Houston City Council districts, F and J, serve the new Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston Robert Lee, an executive vice president of MetroBank, said, "They call it the Wall Street of Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston Oak Park Campus) on 67 acres of land in Chinatown and in the Westchase district. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston First National is now known as Golden Bank. Southwestern National Bank has its headquarters in Chinatown and Greater Sharpstown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston Middle schools in Chinatown include Alief Middle, Killough, and O'Donnell. A portion is served by Albright Middle, outside Chinatown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown, Houston Chinatown is set in 1937 and portrays the manipulation of a critical municipal resource—water—by a cadre of shadowy oligarchs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown (1974 film) Gittes arranges for the women to flee to Mexico and instructs Evelyn to meet him at her butler's home in Chinatown. He summons Cross to the Mulwray home to settle their deal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown (1974 film) Cross has Mulvihill take the bifocals at gunpoint, and they force Gittes to drive them to the women. When they reach the Chinatown address, the police are already there and detain Gittes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown (1974 film) When they reach the Chinatown address, the police are already there and detain Gittes. When Cross approaches Katherine, Evelyn shoots him in the arm and starts to drive away with Katherine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chinatown (1974 film) One example includes Asiatown in Cleveland, Ohio. It was initially referred to as a Chinatown but was subsequently renamed due to the influx of non-Chinese Asian Americans who opened businesses there. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown Construction of these red arches is often financed by local financial contributions from the Chinatown community. Some of these structures span an entire intersection, and some are smaller in height and width. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown The London Chinatown Chinese Association is active in Chinatown, London. Chinatown, Paris has an institution in the Association des Résidents en France d'origine indochinoise --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown In Canada, Vancouver's Chinatown is the country's largest. The oldest Chinatown in the Americas is in Mexico City and dates back to at least the early 17th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown Estimates widely vary on the number of Chinese descendants in Latin America. Notable Chinatowns also exist in Chinatown, Lima, Peru. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown It extends between the corners of Swanston and Exhibition Streets. Melbourne's Chinatown originated during the Victorian gold rush in 1851, and is notable as the oldest Chinatown in Australia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown Chinatowns have also been mentioned in the song "Kung Fu Fighting" by Carl Douglas whose song lyrics says "... There was funky China men from funky Chinatown ..." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown There was funky China men from funky Chinatown ..." The martial arts actor Bruce Lee is well known as a person who was born in the Chinatown of San Francisco. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown The increasing Fuzhou influx had shifted into the Brooklyn Chinatown in the Sunset Park section of Brooklyn. This shift replaces the Cantonese population throughout Brooklyn's Sunset Park Chinatown significantly more rapidly than in Manhattan's Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan Due to the Fuzhou immigrants having no legal status and inability to speak Cantonese, many were denied jobs in Chinatown as a result, causing many of them to resort to crimes. There was a lot of Cantonese resentment against Fuzhou immigrants arriving into Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan In 2000, most of Chinatown's residents came from Asia. That year, the number of residents was 84,840, and 66% of them were Asian. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Chinatown was 47,844, a change of -4,531 (-9.5%) from the 52,375 counted in 2000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan Previously, Chinatown was noted for its crowded tenements and primarily Chinese residents. While some projects have targeted the Chinese community, the development of luxury housing has increased Chinatown's economic and cultural diversity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan However, commercial activity is not concentrated evenly through Chinatown. The western half of Chinatown (the original Cantonese Chinatown), known as Little Hong Kong/Guangdong, is still relatively active. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan However, the area's economy, as well as tourism, have rebounded since then. A Chinatown business improvement district was established in 2011 despite opposition from business owners in the community. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan These two supermarkets are among the largest Chinese supermarkets carrying all different food varieties within the long-time established Cantonese community in the western section of Manhattan's Chinatown. A Hong Kong Supermarket at East Broadway and Pike Street burned down in 2009 and plans to construct a 91-room Marriott Hotel in its place resulted in community protests. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan The area east of Bowery is part of 10002, while the area west of Bowery is part of 10013. The United States Postal Service operates two post offices in Chinatown: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan PS 124, The Yung Wing School is located in Chinatown. It was named after Yung Wing, the first Chinese person to study at Yale University. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan It was named after Yung Wing, the first Chinese person to study at Yale University. PS 130 Hernando De Soto is located in Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Manhattan It was released in China on 31 December 2015. A sequel, titled Detective Chinatown 2, was released in February 2018, and a third film was released in February 2021. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Detective Chinatown At the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards, Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars received the Best Handheld Game award. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Game of the Year, DS Game of the Year, and Action Game of the Year, winning DS Game of the Year. Chinatown Wars was nominated for Game of the Year by Nintendo Power, as well as Nintendo DS Game of the Year, Best Nintendo DS Graphics, and Best Adventure Game. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars Chinatown can refer to one of three locations near downtown Los Angeles. What is now known as Old Chinatown refers to the original location on Alameda and Macy (1880s–1933). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Los Angeles But laws prohibiting most Chinese from citizenship and property ownership, as well as legislation curtailing immigration, inhibited future growth. From the early 1910s, Chinatown began to decline. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Los Angeles The neighborhood that has become Chinatown was formerly Sonoratown and then Little Italy. In the early 20th century, Italian immigrants settled in the area north of the Old Plaza. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Los Angeles From the mid-1870s, turf battles sprang up over competing criminal enterprises. By the early 1880s, the term Tong war was being popularly used to describe these periods of violence in Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco The San Francisco Police Department established its so-called Chinatown Squad in the 1880s, consisting of six patrolmen led by a sergeant. However, the Squad was ineffective largely by design. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco "The fire had full sway, and Chinatown, for the removal of which many a scheme has been devised, is but a memory." Oakland Tribune, April, 1906. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco Visitors perceived the area as a "ghetto" taking their commercial business elsewhere. As Chinatown's tourist industry suffered, the entire area's once stable economy suffered. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco In 1994, around 120 queer Asian Americans joined the annual parade, which was the first time that Asian American queer community had appeared in public and gained acceptance from Chinese-American society. San Francisco Chinatown's annual Autumn Moon Festival celebrates seasonal change and the opportunity to give thanks to a bountiful summer harvest. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco These plans did not materialize due to the highway revolts at the time. The tunnel currently serves to connect Chinatown with Russian Hill and Van Ness Avenue to the west. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, San Francisco The businesses within the new Chinatown include a mall, supermarkets, shopping centers, restaurants, and bakeries. The street signs have Chinese characters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston The Bellaire Chinatown has many "retail condos," shopping centers in which spaces are owned instead of leased. Many East Asian people prefer to own shopping places instead of renting them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Two Houston City Council districts, F and J, serve the new Chinatown. District J was created to allow Hispanics to more easily elect representatives who cater to them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston MetroCorp Bancshares and subsidiary MetroBank previously had their headquarters in Chinatown and in Greater Sharpstown. Halliburton previously operated the Houston Office (a.k.a. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Halliburton previously operated the Houston Office (a.k.a. Oak Park Campus) on 67 acres of land in Chinatown and in the Westchase district. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston In addition Sneed Elementary School, outside Chinatown, serves a portion of Chinatown. Bilingual students zoned to Chancellor attend Youens, and bilingual students zoned to Mahanay attend Hearne. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Bilingual students zoned to Chancellor attend Youens, and bilingual students zoned to Mahanay attend Hearne. Owens Middle School is a zoned intermediate school in Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Owens Middle School is a zoned intermediate school in Chinatown. Budewig, Miller, and Youngblood, outside Chinatown, serve portions of Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Budewig, Miller, and Youngblood, outside Chinatown, serve portions of Chinatown. Middle schools in Chinatown include Alief Middle, Killough, and O'Donnell. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown, Houston Chinatown is set in 1938, not 1905. The Mullholland-like figure—"Hollis Mulwray"—isn't the chief architect of the project, but rather its strongest opponent, who must be discredited and murdered. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown (1974 film) Mulwray is against the "Alto Vallejo Dam" because it's unsafe, not because it's stealing water from somebody else.... But there are echoes of Mullholland's aqueduct project in Chinatown.... --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown (1974 film) But there are echoes of Mullholland's aqueduct project in Chinatown.... Mullholland's project enriched its promoters through insider land deals in the San Fernando Valley, just like the dam project in Chinatown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chinatown (1974 film) It is a sequel to Detective Chinatown 2 (2018) and is the third installment in the Detective Chinatown series. It was released on 12 February 2021. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Detective Chinatown 3
19347.	Q: What shape is the base around the sculpture in Daley Plaza in Chicago? Title = Daley Plaza 060716 Description = A: Square. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Eternal flame, Chicago (franchise), Chicago Lawn, Chicago, Looptopia, Chicago Tribune, Chicago Picasso, Farhad Khoiee-Abbasi, Chicago Cubs, Chicago Christmas Tree, Richard J. Daley, The Lake House (film), South Chicago, Chicago, Chicago, Richard J. Daley Center, Chicago Blackhawks, Chicago (band), Daley, University of Chicago, Chicago Med Toggle details	Visitors to Daley Plaza can often be seen climbing on and sliding down the base of the sculpture. --- (0.57, 0.0, 0.57) Chicago Picasso The Chicago Picasso (often just The Picasso) is an untitled monumental sculpture by Pablo Picasso in Daley Plaza in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Chicago Picasso Publicly accessible, it is known for its inviting jungle gym-like characteristics. Visitors to Daley Plaza can often be seen climbing on and sliding down the base of the sculpture. --- (0.31, 0.0, 0.31) Chicago Picasso I put a representation of his head on a statue that I created for Daley Plaza in Chicago and I do think of him sometimes while I am in my studio. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Chicago Picasso Beginning with Christmas 1966 the official Chicago Christmas tree was placed in Civic Center Plaza, now known as Daley Plaza. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Chicago Christmas Tree Daley held that position until being elected Chicago's mayor. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Richard J. Daley Adjacent to the Richard J. Daley Plaza is the landmark Chicago City Hall. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Richard J. Daley Center Daley Plaza, alternate name for the Richard J. Daley Center in the city of Chicago, Illinois --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Daley Historically, the tree was located in Grant Park and Daley Plaza. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Chicago Christmas Tree Daley was first elected mayor, Chicago's 48th, in 1955. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Richard J. Daley Meanwhile, in 2006, Alex has gone to Daley Plaza to look for Kate. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) The Lake House (film) He is elegant, with graceful proportions, and I love the way he moves. I put a representation of his head on a statue that I created for Daley Plaza in Chicago and I do think of him sometimes while I am in my studio. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Chicago Picasso It is located in Millennium Park. Historically, the tree was located in Grant Park and Daley Plaza. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Chicago Christmas Tree To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Chicago The Chicago Picasso (often just The Picasso) is an untitled monumental sculpture by Pablo Picasso in Daley Plaza in Chicago, Illinois. The Picasso "precipitated an aesthetic shift in civic and urban planning, broadening the idea of public art beyond the commemorative. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Chicago Picasso The sculpture was commissioned by the architects of the Richard J. Daley Center in 1963. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Chicago Picasso Chicago IX's incarnation was a caricature of the band itself, in the shape of the logo. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Chicago (band) Musical ensemble Mucca Pazza performed at Looptopia on the Daley Plaza stage. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Looptopia Before the Picasso sculpture, public sculptural artwork in Chicago was mainly of historical figures. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Chicago Picasso Following a report from CBS 2 in Chicago which revealed the erection of the frame and construction of the tree cost the city $300,000, the city decided to do away with the multiple trees and erect an individual tree in Daley Plaza. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Chicago Christmas Tree In 2010, for the first time, the Daley Plaza Christmas tree was chosen through a contest. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Chicago Christmas Tree Richard J. Daley was born in Bridgeport, a working-class neighborhood of Chicago. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Richard J. Daley The Richard J. Daley Center, also known by its open courtyard Daley Plaza and named after longtime mayor Richard J. Daley, is the premier civic center of the City of Chicago in Illinois. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Richard J. Daley Center Daley Plaza is the courtyard adjacent to the building, occupying the southern half of the block occupied by the building. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Richard J. Daley Center Illinois: Chicago, at Daley Plaza, to honor those who perished in World War II, ignited August 22, 1972, by Albina Nance, president of the Illinois Gold Star Mothers. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Eternal flame Depending on the season and time of the month, there are musical performances, farmers' markets, a Christkindlmarkt, and other Chicago affairs which are held around the Picasso statue in front of Daley Plaza. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chicago Picasso In 2006, Khoiee-Abbasi began standing near the northwest corner of Daley Plaza outside of Chicago City Hall, holding a sign that read "FBI Agent Chris Saviano, stop raping my wife!" --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Farhad Khoiee-Abbasi Later in the film, when the brothers are driving rapidly through Chicago, Elwood (Dan Aykroyd) comments "If my estimations are correct, we should be very close to the Honorable Richard J. Daley Plaza. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Richard J. Daley These relationships have sought to promote economic, cultural, educational, and other ties. To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chicago An architect who worked on the Daley Center project, Richard Bennett, wrote Picasso a poem asking him to make the sculpture. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chicago Picasso The sculpture was initially met with controversy. Before the Picasso sculpture, public sculptural artwork in Chicago was mainly of historical figures. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Chicago Picasso He would be the longest-serving mayor in Chicago history until his record was broken by his son Richard M. Daley in 2011. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Richard J. Daley Chicago journalist Elizabeth Taylor said, "Because of Mayor Daley, Chicago did not become a Detroit or a Cleveland." --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Richard J. Daley Wait two years, she says, and come to the lake house instead. Meanwhile, in 2006, Alex has gone to Daley Plaza to look for Kate. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) The Lake House (film) Richard J. Daley (1902–1976), American Mayor of Chicago, father of Richard M. Daley --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Daley Richard M. Daley (born 1942), American Mayor of Chicago, son of Richard J. Daley --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Daley The 2009 Daley Plaza Christmas tree was an individual tree donated by a family in Palos Heights, Illinois. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chicago Christmas Tree Following a report from CBS 2 in Chicago which revealed the erection of the frame and construction of the tree cost the city $300,000, the city decided to do away with the multiple trees and erect an individual tree in Daley Plaza. This was billed as a way to save the city money during the economic recession. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chicago Christmas Tree He's dead, sir." Later in the film, when the brothers are driving rapidly through Chicago, Elwood (Dan Aykroyd) comments "If my estimations are correct, we should be very close to the Honorable Richard J. Daley Plaza. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Richard J. Daley On Valentine's Day 2006, Kate witnesses a traffic accident near Daley Plaza and tries to save the male victim, unsuccessfully. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) The Lake House (film) She also learns that Alex was killed in a traffic accident exactly two years ago to the day and realizes why he never showed up for their date – he was the man who died in Daley Plaza. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) The Lake House (film) He is commonly known as the "Founder of Chicago". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chicago The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. In Millennium Park, the reflective Cloud Gate public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor is the centerpiece of the AT&T Plaza in Millennium Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chicago The Cubist sculpture by Picasso was the first such major public artwork in Downtown Chicago, and has become a well-known landmark. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chicago Picasso Ground was broken in Daley Plaza for the construction of the sculpture on May 25, 1967.The efforts of the City of Chicago to publicize the sculpture — staging a number of press events before the sculpture was completed, and displaying the maquette without a copyright notice — were cited as evidence in a 1970 U.S. District Court case where the judge ruled that the city's actions had resulted in the sculpture being dedicated to the public domain. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chicago Picasso The historian Patricia Stratton has made a convincing case for Jacqueline Roque Picasso as the model for the Chicago sculpture. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chicago Picasso Today, the Chicago Picasso has become a well-known meeting spot for Chicagoans. Depending on the season and time of the month, there are musical performances, farmers' markets, a Christkindlmarkt, and other Chicago affairs which are held around the Picasso statue in front of Daley Plaza. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chicago Picasso Because the 2009 tree was just one tree, as opposed to multiple smaller trees, it could not support the weight of the many ornaments that usually adorn the Daley Plaza tree and thus it was decorated only with lights. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chicago Christmas Tree Their eldest son, Richard M. Daley, was elected mayor of Chicago in 1989, and served in that position until his retirement in 2011. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Richard J. Daley The site of Chicago Pile-1 is a National Historic Landmark and is marked by the Henry Moore sculpture Nuclear Energy. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) University of Chicago It is dedicated to the future of the Chicago region. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Tribune The Chicago Tribune moved in June 2018 to the Prudential Plaza office complex overlooking Millennium Park after Tribune Media sold Tribune Tower to developers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Tribune The sculpture was mentioned (and appears) in the 1980 film The Blues Brothers during the chase scene leading to the Richard J. Daley Center. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Picasso With the exception of 1981, the tree was installed in Daley Plaza each year until 2015.The city continued to use multiple trees to constitute the official Chicago Christmas Tree through Christmas 2008, that year the tree was constructed from 113 individual trees and stood 85 feet (26 m). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Christmas Tree The tree was a combination of many smaller trees, stood 70 feet (21 m) tall, and was decorated with over 4000 lights and 2000 ornaments. Beginning with Christmas 1966 the official Chicago Christmas tree was placed in Civic Center Plaza, now known as Daley Plaza. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Christmas Tree Quotations related to Richard J. Daley at WikiquoteDaley, who never lost his blue-collar Chicago accent, was known for often mangling his syntax and other verbal gaffes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley On the 50th anniversary of Daley's first 1955 swearing-in, several dozen Daley biographers and associates met at the Chicago Historical Society. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley Daley was first elected mayor, Chicago's 48th, in 1955. He was re-elected to that office five times and had been mayor for 21 years at the time of his death. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley The film is set and filmed in the Chicago area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Lake House (film) After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Chicago also hosts a nationally televised Thanksgiving parade that occurs annually. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago In Millennium Park, the reflective Cloud Gate public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor is the centerpiece of the AT&T Plaza in Millennium Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago From 1989 until May 16, 2011, Chicago was under the leadership of its longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley, the son of Richard J. Daley. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. In addition, the Chicago Sister Cities program hosts a number of delegation and formal exchanges. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chicago Situated on Randolph and Washington Streets between Dearborn and Clark Streets, the Richard J. Daley Center is considered one of Chicago's architectural highlights. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley Center Originally known as the Chicago Civic Center, the building was renamed for Mayor Daley on December 27, 1976, seven days after his death. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley Center Adjacent to the Richard J. Daley Plaza is the landmark Chicago City Hall. Declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it houses offices for the Mayor of Chicago, aldermen of Chicago's various wards and chambers for the Chicago City Council. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Richard J. Daley Center Eleanor "Sis" Daley (1907–2003), wife of former Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley and mother of former mayor Richard M. Daley --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Daley He resided in Chicago Lawn during his political career. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Lawn, Chicago By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Tribune The sculpture was fabricated by the American Bridge Company division of the United States Steel Corporation in Gary, Indiana using COR-TEN steel, before being disassembled and relocated to Chicago. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Picasso This was billed as a way to save the city money during the economic recession. The 2009 Daley Plaza Christmas tree was an individual tree donated by a family in Palos Heights, Illinois. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Christmas Tree In 2010, for the first time, the Daley Plaza Christmas tree was chosen through a contest. The contest began in July 2010 but the deadline was extended after none of the original submissions met the height requirement. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Christmas Tree Daley was Chicago's third consecutive mayor from the working-class, heavily Irish-American South Side neighborhood of Bridgeport, where he lived his entire life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley Daley is remembered for doing much to save Chicago from the declines that other rust belt cities such as Cleveland, Buffalo, and Detroit experienced during the same period. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley As a young man, Daley's jobs included selling newspapers and making deliveries for a door to door peddler; he worked in Chicago's Union stock yards to pay his law school expenses. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley The year 1968 was a momentous year for Daley. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley Daley was historically re-elected for the fifth time in 1971. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley A week after his death, the former William J. Bogan Junior College, one of the City Colleges of Chicago, was renamed as the Richard J. Daley College in his honor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley Daley's funeral took place in the church he attended since his childhood, Nativity of Our Lord. He is buried in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Worth Township, southwest of Chicago. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley According to Chicago folksinger Steve Goodman, "no man could inspire more love, more hate". Daley's twenty-one-year tenure as mayor is memorialized in the following: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley Baffled, Alex writes back, asking how Kate knew about the paw prints since the house was unoccupied until he arrived. On Valentine's Day 2006, Kate witnesses a traffic accident near Daley Plaza and tries to save the male victim, unsuccessfully. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Lake House (film) On Valentine's Day 2006, Kate witnesses a traffic accident near Daley Plaza and tries to save the male victim, unsuccessfully. She impulsively drives back to the lake house, finds Alex's letter and writes back. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Lake House (film) Both O'Hare and Midway are owned and operated by the City of Chicago. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Mercury Records, which at one time had its headquarters in Chicago, used a photo of the Daley Center as its record label on many of its vinyl record releases in the 1970s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Richard J. Daley Center The name officially became "Chicago Blackhawks" from that point on. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Blackhawks Cetera ultimately left Chicago in the summer of 1985. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago (band) It sometimes crosses over with characters from Chicago Fire and Chicago P.D. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chicago Med The following table displays all the crossover storylines involving the Chicago series. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago (franchise) He worked for the short-lived Chicago Times magazine in the late 1980s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Tribune " Royko did credit Picasso with understanding the soul of Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Picasso There was an ongoing dialogue between Picasso's sculpture and his painting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Picasso The Cubist sculpture by Picasso was the first such major public artwork in Downtown Chicago, and has become a well-known landmark. Publicly accessible, it is known for its inviting jungle gym-like characteristics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Picasso The sculpture was commissioned by the architects of the Richard J. Daley Center in 1963. The commission was facilitated by the architect William Hartmann of the architectural firm of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Picasso The 2009 Daley Plaza Christmas tree was an individual tree donated by a family in Palos Heights, Illinois. The 2009 tree cost was reduced by more than half of the $300,000 the 2008 tree cost to erect, decorate and maintain. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Christmas Tree The 2009 tree cost was reduced by more than half of the $300,000 the 2008 tree cost to erect, decorate and maintain. Because the 2009 tree was just one tree, as opposed to multiple smaller trees, it could not support the weight of the many ornaments that usually adorn the Daley Plaza tree and thus it was decorated only with lights. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Christmas Tree Because the 2009 tree was just one tree, as opposed to multiple smaller trees, it could not support the weight of the many ornaments that usually adorn the Daley Plaza tree and thus it was decorated only with lights. In 2010, for the first time, the Daley Plaza Christmas tree was chosen through a contest. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Christmas Tree After his election, Daley quickly moved back to the Democratic side of the aisle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Daley discouraged motion picture and television filming on location in Chicago, after an episode of M Squad (aired on January 30, 1959) depicted an officer of CPD taking bribes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Daley later backed away from his words in an address to the City Council, saying: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Since Daley's death and the subsequent election of son Richard as mayor in 1989, the first Mayor Daley has become known as "Boss Daley", "Old Man Daley", or "Daley Senior" to residents of Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Following Daley's death, Goodman replaced the reference with "... and Bilandic's been chosen". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley During his administration, Daley dominated the political arena of the city and, to a lesser extent, that of the entire state. Officially, Chicago has a "weak-mayor" system, in which most of the power is vested in the city council. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley They had three daughters and four sons, in that order. Their eldest son, Richard M. Daley, was elected mayor of Chicago in 1989, and served in that position until his retirement in 2011. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley The Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young song "Chicago" (written by Graham Nash) was about the 1968 Democratic convention. In their live album Four Way Street, Nash ironically dedicates the song to "Mayor Daley". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley South Chicago is a stronghold for the Democratic Party. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) South Chicago, Chicago The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago operates Catholic Schools. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) South Chicago, Chicago In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Chicago was also the site of the Schwinn Bicycle Company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago From the 1950s through 1970s, American poetry continued to evolve in Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Chicago is the largest hub in the railroad industry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Completed in 1967, it was a gift to the City of Chicago from the artist. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Center Though controversial for its abstract form, it quickly became a Chicago landmark. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Richard J. Daley Center The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago Blackhawks The History of Chicago (2017, documentary film) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chicago (band) In 1935, the University of Chicago reached the Sweet Sixteen. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Chicago In 2019, the University of Chicago claimed 188,000 alumni. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) University of Chicago The Chicago P.D. episode "Justice" serves as the backdoor pilot. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (franchise) Although it was annexed by the city of Chicago in 1889, it remained mostly farmland with some scattered settlements until the 1920s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Chicago's changing racial demographics had a profound impact on Chicago Lawn. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Lawn, Chicago It was the first event of its type held in Chicago or the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Looptopia Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Tribune On October 25, 1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Tribune Today, the Chicago Picasso has become a well-known meeting spot for Chicagoans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Picasso The Chicago Christmas Tree is the city of Chicago's official Christmas tree. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Christmas Tree Daley made his mark there, not in sports, but in organization as the club manager. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Daley's career in politics began when he became a Democratic precinct captain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Holding this position along with the mayoralty in later years enhanced Daley's power. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley In August, the 1968 Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Daley was reelected mayor for a (then-record) sixth term in 1975. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Historian Michael Beschloss called Daley "the pre-eminent mayor of the 20th century". Chicago journalist Elizabeth Taylor said, "Because of Mayor Daley, Chicago did not become a Detroit or a Cleveland." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley South Chicago became one of the first growing Mexican communities in Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) South Chicago, Chicago Restaurants from Nigerian to Italian cuisine are found in South Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) South Chicago, Chicago South Chicago is not currently connected to the Chicago "L" rapid transit system. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) South Chicago, Chicago It reversed the flow of the Chicago River so that the water flowed away from Lake Michigan rather than into it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Richard M. Daley, son of Richard J. Daley, was elected in 1989. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Chicago's history and economy are closely tied to its proximity to Lake Michigan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The South Side contains most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The City Beautiful movement inspired Chicago's boulevards and parkways. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Today, Chicago's skyline is among the world's tallest and densest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Chicago has a Hispanic or Latino population of 28.9%. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Chicago also has a sizable non-Christian population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The Civic Opera House is home to the Lyric Opera of Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago A flourishing independent rock music culture brought forth Chicago indie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Chicago contains a number of large, outdoor works by well-known artists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The Chicago Marathon is one of six World Marathon Majors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago A number of Chicago neighborhoods emerged along these roadways in the 19th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago The government of the City of Chicago is divided into executive and legislative branches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Chicago is a major transportation hub in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago In Millennium Park, the reflective Cloud Gate public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor is the centerpiece of the AT&T Plaza in Millennium Park. Also, an outdoor restaurant transforms into an ice rink in the winter season. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago It is adjacent to the Chicago City Hall and County Building. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Center At the time it was the tallest building in Chicago, but only held this title for four years until the John Hancock Center was completed. Originally known as the Chicago Civic Center, the building was renamed for Mayor Daley on December 27, 1976, seven days after his death. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Center The plaza is dominated by an untitled Cor-ten steel 50-foot (15 m) sculpture by Pablo Picasso (usually called "The Picasso"). Completed in 1967, it was a gift to the City of Chicago from the artist. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Richard J. Daley Center Chicago had another stellar season in 1932, but that did not translate into playoff success. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Blackhawks Nearly every trade made between Detroit and Chicago ended up being Red Wing heists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Blackhawks Foley then became the television/radio voice of the Chicago Wolves. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Blackhawks Bill Wirtz donated his yacht's horn to Chicago Stadium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago Blackhawks Chicago is an American rock band formed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1967. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) Concurrently with Chicago's existing career, vocalist Peter Cetera had begun a solo career. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) In 2012, Chicago and the Doobie Brothers held another joint tour. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) In July 2016, Chicago performed on ABC's Greatest Hits. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) Upon being renamed from Chicago Transit Authority to Chicago, the band sported a new logo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) Their most recent album is Chicago XXXVII: Chicago Christmas from 2019. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chicago (band) William M. Daley (born 1948), White House Chief of Staff to President Barack Obama, United States Secretary of Commerce, brother of Chicago mayor Richard M. Daley --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Daley Alumni from the Old University of Chicago are recognized as alumni of the present University of Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Chicago The current president of the University of Chicago is Robert Zimmer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Chicago The University of Chicago is not a member of the rebranded consortium, but will continue to be a collaborator. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Chicago Chicago also operates or is affiliated with several research institutions apart from the university proper. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) University of Chicago As of May 26, 2021, 491 episodes of the Chicago franchise have aired. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (franchise) The Chicago Fire episode "Let Her Go" serves as the backdoor pilot. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (franchise) Chicago Med follows the doctors and nurses of Gaffney Chicago Medical Center. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (franchise) The Chicago Fire episode "I Am the Apocalypse" serves as the backdoor pilot. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (franchise) Chicago Lawn is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago The city of Chicago Lawn was founded by John F. Eberhart in 1871. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Arab families live in Chicago Lawn and Gage Park Neighborhoods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Arab community founded Chicago Islamic Center and Mosque on 63rd. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Chicago's largest concentration of Palestinians still lives in these areas and in the communities to the south and west of them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago After living in Chicago's North Lawndale neighborhood, he and his family moved to Marquette Park in 1986. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Billed as "Chicago's White Night", Looptopia was modeled after Nuit Blanche held annually in Paris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Looptopia Up first were short films from the students of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Looptopia Looptopia 2007 also fell on an extremely cold night for mid-May in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Looptopia The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tribune Publishing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune After leaving, Soll married Pam Zekman, a Chicago newspaper (and future TV) reporter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune That number was less than the 90 newsroom jobs that Crain's Chicago Business previously had reported were to be eliminated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune On February 8, 2010, the Chicago Tribune shrank its newspaper's width by an inch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune The Tribune embraces the diversity of people and perspectives in its community. It is dedicated to the future of the Chicago region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune The building is neo-Gothic in style, and the design was the winner of an international competition hosted by the Tribune. The Chicago Tribune moved in June 2018 to the Prudential Plaza office complex overlooking Millennium Park after Tribune Media sold Tribune Tower to developers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Tribune "The cor-ten steel sculpture, dedicated on August 15, 1967, in the civic plaza in the Chicago Loop, is 50 feet (15.2 m) tall and weighs 162 short tons (147 t). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Picasso Picasso completed a maquette of the sculpture in 1965, and approved a final model of the sculpture in 1966. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Picasso Picasso refused the $100,000 payment, considering his work a gift to the people of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Picasso Picasso refused the $100,000 payment, considering his work a gift to the people of Chicago. The sculpture was fabricated by the American Bridge Company division of the United States Steel Corporation in Gary, Indiana using COR-TEN steel, before being disassembled and relocated to Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Picasso The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cubs The franchise was nicknamed the Cubs by the Chicago Daily News in 1902, although not officially becoming the Chicago Cubs until the 1907 season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cubs The Cubs also shared the park with the Chicago Bears of the NFL for 50 years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cubs During the summer of 1969, a Chicago studio group produced a single record called "Hey Hey! --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cubs The Chicago Cubs farm system consists of seven minor league affiliates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cubs The Chicago Christmas Tree is the city of Chicago's official Christmas tree. It is located in Millennium Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Christmas Tree He had a strong base of support in Chicago's Irish Catholic community and was treated by national politicians such as Lyndon B. Johnson as a pre-eminent Irish-American, with special connections to the Kennedy family. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley On the other hand, Daley's legacy is complicated by criticisms of his response to the Chicago riots that followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and his handling of the notorious 1968 Democratic National Convention that happened in his city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley In addition, many members of Daley's administration were charged and convicted for corruption, although Daley himself was never charged with any crime. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Prior to his mother's death, Daley had won the Democratic nomination for Cook County sheriff. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley served as Minority Leader of the Illinois Senate from 1941 through 1946. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Officially, Chicago has a "weak-mayor" system, in which most of the power is vested in the city council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Major construction during Daley's terms in office resulted in O'Hare International Airport, the Sears Tower, McCormick Place, the University of Illinois at Chicago, numerous expressways and subway construction projects, and other major Chicago landmarks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley O'Hare was a particular point of pride for Daley, with he and his staff regularly devising occasions to celebrate it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley It occasioned one of Daley's numerous clashes with community organizer Saul Alinsky. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley However, during his time in office movies, including Cooley High, and others were filmed in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Many conventioneers applauded Ribicoff's remarks but an indignant Daley tried to shout down the speaker. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley defended his police force with the following statement, which was also a slip of the tongue: "The confrontation was not caused by the police. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley "Public opinion polls conducted after the convention demonstrated that the majority of Americans supported Daley's tactics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley However, many have argued this was due to a lack of formidable opposition rather than Daley's own popularity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley's funeral took place in the church he attended since his childhood, Nativity of Our Lord. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley He is buried in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Worth Township, southwest of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley met Eleanor "Sis" Guilfoyle at a local ball game. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley According to Chicago folksinger Steve Goodman, "no man could inspire more love, more hate". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley's twenty-one-year tenure as mayor is memorialized in the following: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley In episode 13 of the third season of Saturday Night Live, a sketch entitled "Miracle in Chicago" portrays Mayor Daley (played by John Belushi) appearing as a ghost to a pub owner and a customer (played respectively by Dan Aykroyd and Bill Murray). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley has come back to give the new Mayor a few electoral tips and complain about his burial site. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley He has been called "the last of the big city bosses" who controlled and mobilized American cities. Daley was Chicago's third consecutive mayor from the working-class, heavily Irish-American South Side neighborhood of Bridgeport, where he lived his entire life. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley On the other hand, Daley's legacy is complicated by criticisms of his response to the Chicago riots that followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and his handling of the notorious 1968 Democratic National Convention that happened in his city. He also had enemies within the Democratic Party. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley He was appointed by Governor Adlai Stevenson II as head of the Illinois Department of Finance, serving in that role from 1949 through 1950, the year he made a successful run for Cook County Clerk. Daley held that position until being elected Chicago's mayor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley In August, the 1968 Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago. Intended to showcase Daley's achievements to national Democrats and the news media, the proceedings during the convention instead garnered notoriety for the mayor and city, descending into verbal outbursts between participants, and a circus for the media. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Daley defended his police force with the following statement, which was also a slip of the tongue: "The confrontation was not caused by the police. The confrontation was caused by those who charged the police. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley On the 50th anniversary of Daley's first 1955 swearing-in, several dozen Daley biographers and associates met at the Chicago Historical Society. Historian Michael Beschloss called Daley "the pre-eminent mayor of the 20th century". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Chicago journalist Elizabeth Taylor said, "Because of Mayor Daley, Chicago did not become a Detroit or a Cleveland." Robert Remini pointed out that while other cities were in fiscal crisis in the 1960s and 1970s, "Chicago always had a double-A bond rating." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley South Chicago, formerly known as Ainsworth, is one of the 77 well-defined community areas of Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Only fractions of the original topography and habitat remain as is the case with most of urban Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago During the 1950s many residents called the northeast section of South Chicago * --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago The Willis Tower and the Hancock Building were built from South Chicago steel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Parade was the first such parade in Chicago also celebrated with a carnival of rides and booths. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Our Lady of Guadalupe is the oldest parish founded by Mexicans in the City of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago B&O trains included the Capitol Limited and the Washington–Chicago Express. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Richard Peter Davis, guitarist and member of the Chicago Catz. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Ed "Chicago Ed" Schwartz, radio host who worked at WIND, WGN, and WLUP in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago Candy Dawson Boyd, activist and author. She was raised in South Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) South Chicago, Chicago On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The University of Chicago, formerly at another location, moved to the same South Side location in 1892. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Between 1910 and 1930, the African American population of Chicago increased dramatically, from 44,103 to 233,903. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Continuing racial tensions and violence, such as the Chicago Race Riot of 1919, also occurred. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago was the first American city to have a homosexual-rights organization. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The theme of the fair was technological innovation over the century since Chicago's founding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Major construction projects, including the Sears Tower (now known as the Willis Tower, which in 1974 became the world's tallest building), University of Illinois at Chicago, McCormick Place, and O'Hare International Airport, were undertaken during Richard J. Daley's tenure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In 1983, Harold Washington became the first black mayor of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago is located in northeastern Illinois on the southwestern shores of freshwater Lake Michigan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago While the Chicago Loop is the central business district, Chicago is also a city of neighborhoods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Lake Shore Drive runs adjacent to a large portion of Chicago's waterfront. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The three sides of the city are represented on the Flag of Chicago by three horizontal white stripes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In 2016, Chicago was ranked the sixth-most walkable large city in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago gave its name to the Chicago School and was home to the Prairie School, two movements in architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago is also a prominent center of the Polish Cathedral style of church architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago A popular tourist activity is to take an architecture boat tour along the Chicago River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago A number of Chicago's public art works are by modern figurative artists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago As in the rest of the state of Illinois, Chicago forms part of the Central Time Zone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago During its first hundred years, Chicago was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago As of the 2010 census, there were 2,695,598 people with 1,045,560 households living in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago More than half the population of the state of Illinois lives in the Chicago metropolitan area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Since the 20th century Chicago has also been the headquarters of the Assyrian Church of the East. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The first two Parliament of the World's Religions in 1893 and 1993 were held in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In 2009 Chicago placed ninth on the UBS list of the world's richest cities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The city is the seat of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the Bank's Seventh District. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chase Bank has its commercial and retail banking headquarters in Chicago's Chase Tower. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Academically, Chicago has been influential through the Chicago school of economics, which fielded some 12 Nobel Prize winners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago also ranks third in the U.S. (behind Las Vegas and Orlando) in number of conventions hosted annually. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Since 1968, the Joseph Jefferson Awards are given annually to acknowledge excellence in theater in the Chicago area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The Lithuanian Opera Company of Chicago was founded by Lithuanian Chicagoans in 1956, and presents operas in Lithuanian. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago These visitors contributed more than US$13.7 billion to Chicago's economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Certain Chicago pizza favorites include Lou Malnati's and Giordano's. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The tradition of serving the Greek dish saganaki while aflame has its origins in Chicago's Greek community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In 2003, Robb Report named Chicago the country's "most exceptional dining destination". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the Poetry Slam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The other remaining charter franchise, the Chicago Cardinals, also started out in the city, but is now known as the Arizona Cardinals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The Chicago Marathon has been held each year since 1977 except for 1987, when a half marathon was run in its place. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The Obamas' residence is located near the University of Chicago in Kenwood on the city's south side. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Cook County Jail and the Chicago version of Cash Cab. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago is currently the setting for Showtime's Shameless, and NBC's Chicago Fire, Chicago P.D. and Chicago Med. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago is home to NetherRealm Studios, the developers of the Mortal Kombat series. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The city of Chicago has a higher than average percentage of households without a car. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In 2015, 26.5 percent of Chicago households were without a car, and increased slightly to 27.5 percent in 2016. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Chicago is one of the largest hubs of passenger rail service in the nation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago In recent years the state of Illinois has been leaning towards building an entirely new airport in the Illinois suburbs of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The City of Chicago is the world headquarters for United Airlines, the world's third-largest airline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Because of this, ComEd reports indicate that Chicago receives about 75% of its electricity from nuclear power. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The Midwestern University Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine is in Downers Grove. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in North Side Chicago --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in West Side Chicago --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago The independents finally gained control of city government in 1983 with the election of Harold Washington (in office 1983–1987). From 1989 until May 16, 2011, Chicago was under the leadership of its longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley, the son of Richard J. Daley. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago While filming the movie The Dark Knight, instead of using the Chicago Board of Trade Building as the location for the headquarters of Wayne Enterprises as in Batman Begins, film director Christopher Nolan used the Richard J. Daley Center. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Richard J. Daley Center Toronto refused to let Moore play the next, so Chicago used Paul Goodman in Game 2 and lost. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks Norris had also been the Black Hawks' landlord since his 1936 purchase of Chicago Stadium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks As a result, for the next several years, Chicago was the model of futility in the NHL. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks A defensive plan that completely wore down Montreal's superstars worked, however, as Chicago won the series in six games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks The defending NBA champion Chicago Bulls were in their finals in 1992, but won their championship in six. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks Chicago would also miss the playoffs for a second consecutive season in 1999, and missed the playoffs again in 2000 and 2001. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks For the full season-by-season history, see List of Chicago Blackhawks seasons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks The Chicago Blackhawks presently acknowledge an affiliation with a number of inductees to the Hockey Hall of Fame. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Blackhawks In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Santana, which Graham also managed, took Chicago's place at Woodstock, and that performance is considered to be Santana's "breakthrough" gig. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago VII was the band's double-disc 1974 release. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago VI was certified two times multi-platinum in 1986. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) That special was followed by a second hour-long special the next year, Chicago ... --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Bailey and Scheff had previously played in bands together, so Scheff introduced Bailey to the band in time for the Chicago 18 tour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) In 2008, Stone of Sisyphus – once known as the aborted Chicago XXII, now listed officially as Chicago XXXII – was released with an expanded format. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) In 2010 (just as they had already done in 1999 and 2008), Chicago toured with the Doobie Brothers (and would do so again in 2017). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) The album, titled Chicago XXXVI: Now, was released on July 4, 2014. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago and Earth, Wind & Fire embarked on another tour together in 2015 and 2016. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) In 2015, Chicago was listed among the nominees for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago announced that percussionist Walfredo Reyes, Jr. was moving over to drums, replacing Imboden. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Chicago's music has been used in the soundtracks of movies, television programs and commercials. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Berg said, "The Chicago logo...was fashioned for me by Nick Fasciano from my sketch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) "The logo would serve as the band's chief visual icon from Chicago II, onward. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) City of Chicago Medal of Merit (city's highest civilian award) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Now More Than Ever: The History of Chicago (2017, documentary film) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago (band) Daley, originally an Irish family name derived from the Gaelic Ó Dálaigh, as a surname, may refer to: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Daley Thompson (born 1958), British decathlete, born Francis Morgan Thompson --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Earl Daley (born 1958), Jamaican reggae singer better known as Earl Sixteen --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Harry Daley, (1901–1971), the first openly gay British police officer --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Pete Daley (born 1930), American catcher in Major League Baseball --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Arthur Daley, fictional character in the British TV series Minder --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Larry Daley, from the film franchise Night at the Museum, played by Ben Stiller --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Jim Daley (born 1953), coach in the Canadian Football League --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daley Founded in 1890, its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago This became the Divinity School in 1891, the first professional school at the University of Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago The institute will cost around $200 million and occupy the buildings of the Chicago Theological Seminary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago The University of Chicago has an extensive record of producing successful business leaders and billionaires. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago The university also operates the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago Although formally unrelated, the National Opinion Research Center is located on Chicago's campus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago The University of Chicago has been the site of some important experiments and academic movements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago UChicago is also the home of the ultimate frisbee team Chicago Junk. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago Alpha Delta Phi (Chicago Chapter), Alpha Epsilon Pi --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Chicago Set in Chicago, Chicago Med is the third series in Dick Wolf's Chicago franchise. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med He is the younger brother of Chicago P.D. character Detective Jay Halstead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med She is also a childhood friend of Chicago Fire character Lieutenant Kelly Severide. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med He is fired from Chicago Med after an arbitrary decision by Gaffney Chicago Medical Center's COO. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med Now I'm God" (Chicago P.D. Season 3, Episode 10) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med In the third crossover with Fire and P.D., a bioterrorist spreads a deadly virus throughout Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chicago Med All three Chicago shows will keep their respective time slots for the 2019–20 television season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (franchise) Chicago Fire follows the firefighters, paramedics, and rescue squad members of Chicago Fire Department Firehouse 51. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (franchise) Chicago P.D. follows the uniformed patrol officers and detectives of the Chicago Police Department's 21st District. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (franchise) Chicago Justice follows the prosecutors and investigators at the Cook County State's Attorney's Office. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (franchise) The Chicago P.D. episode "Justice" serves as the backdoor pilot. The series was canceled after one season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (franchise) Chicago Lawn was a thriving urban neighborhood as the Depression hit the nation and by 1940 its population had reached 49,291. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago In 1941, the National Biscuit Company announced plans to build a huge bakery in Chicago Lawn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago In the 1950s, Palestinians with families moved out of their boardinghouses and shops and into apartments and homes just west of Chicago's "Black Belt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago The Chicago Public Library Chicago Lawn Branch, dedicated on December 1, 1960, serves the community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago The Chicago Lawn community area has supported the Democratic Party in the past two presidential elections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago The son of Walter McAvoy, he was a childhood resident of Chicago Lawn and resided there for a portion of his political career. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Chicago Lawn is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago, Illinois. It is located on the southwest side of the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Looptopia was a dusk-to-dawn cultural event that was held in 2007 and 2008 in the city of Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Looptopia Theatre event engineering company Redmoon Theater had sight installations all along State Street that culminated in a roving performance with a final show in Daley Plaza that featured the capture of human-sized rat that was locked in a rat wheel that set off pyrotechnics before an audience estimated to number 15,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Looptopia At the Chicago Cultural Center from 2 AM - 6 AM, classic sci-fi films were screened. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Looptopia The Chicago Cultural Center (on Washington Street) hosted a record number of guests (an estimated 10,000–12,000 people). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Looptopia Under their leadership, the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings, and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, the Chicago Examiner, in a circulation war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune Also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune Hill, who wrote for the paper from 1992 until 1993, acknowledged to the Chicago Reader that she had written the diatribe originally for the Internet, and that the piece eventually was edited for Newcity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune From 1925 to 2018, the Chicago Tribune was housed in the Tribune Tower on North Michigan Avenue on the Magnificent Mile. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune. On October 25, 1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune By 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Tribune Newspaper columnist Mike Royko, covering the unveiling of the sculpture, wrote: "Interesting design, I'm sure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Picasso An architect who worked on the Daley Center project, Richard Bennett, wrote Picasso a poem asking him to make the sculpture. Picasso accepted saying "You know I never accept commissions to do any sort of work, but in this case I am involved in projects for the two great gangster cities" (the other being Marseille, France). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Picasso The sculpture was fabricated by the American Bridge Company division of the United States Steel Corporation in Gary, Indiana using COR-TEN steel, before being disassembled and relocated to Chicago. The steel for this statue was rolled in the USS Gary Works 160/210" plate mill, then the largest rolling mill of its kind in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Picasso A further possible influence could lie in his portraits of Jacqueline herself, made in the early 1960s, specifically Bust of a Woman (Jacqueline) from May 1962 (Zervos XX, 243, Private Collection). The historian Patricia Stratton has made a convincing case for Jacqueline Roque Picasso as the model for the Chicago sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Picasso This event was held just before the opening of the 1968 Democratic National Convention, which became known for its anti-Vietnam war protests. The sculpture was mentioned (and appears) in the 1980 film The Blues Brothers during the chase scene leading to the Richard J. Daley Center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Picasso Soon, he added other signs to his board, most of which denounce former Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley, former U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales, and George W. Bush, and make a number of odd statements in broken English. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Farhad Khoiee-Abbasi As a result, Chicago's club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had become known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes "Anson's Colts", referring to Cap's influence within the club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs The Wrigley family sold the team to the Chicago Tribune in 1981, ending a 65-year family relationship with the Cubs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs Chicago committed numerous critical errors and were outscored 20–6 in a Dodger sweep, which provided yet another sudden ending. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs It was built in 1914 as Weeghman Park for the Chicago Whales, a Federal League baseball team. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs Vedder, a Chicago native, and lifelong Cubs fan, composed the song at the request of Ernie Banks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs The Chicago Cubs played in the National League East between 1969 and 1993 before moving to the newly created National League Central in 1994. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs During the first season of the contract, Cubs games aired on WBBM, taking over as flagship of the Chicago Cubs Radio Network. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Cubs In addition the tree had to be found within 100 miles (160 km) of the Chicago Loop and in a location that it could safely be removed from. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Christmas Tree Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley He was the patriarch of the Daley family, whose members include Richard M. Daley, another former mayor of Chicago; William M. Daley, a former United States Secretary of Commerce; John P. Daley, a member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners; and Patrick Daley Thompson, an alderman of the Chicago City Council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Before women obtained the right to vote in 1920, Lillian Daley was an active suffragette, participating in marches and often bringing her son to them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley would later state that his wellsprings were his religion, his family, his neighborhood, the Democratic Party, and his love of the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley In the late 1940s, Daley became Democratic Ward Committeeman of the 11th Ward, a post he retained until his death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley During his administration, Daley dominated the political arena of the city and, to a lesser extent, that of the entire state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley However, Daley's post as de facto leader of the Chicago Democratic Party allowed him to rule the city with an iron hand and gave him great influence over the city's ward organizations, which in turn allowed him a considerable voice in Democratic primary contests—in most cases, the real contest in the Democratic stronghold of Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley contributed to John F. Kennedy's narrow, 8,000 vote victory in Illinois in 1960. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley called for a "summit conference" and signed an agreement with King and other community leaders to foster open housing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley and Johnson were also going to use Kennedy's run for president to help this plan and feed Kennedy's ego by making him think there was a "revolution" in the party as well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley In April, Daley was castigated by many for his sharp rhetoric in the aftermath of rioting that took place after King's assassination. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Defenders of the mayor later stated that he was calling Ribicoff a faker, a charge denied by Daley and refuted by Mike Royko's reporting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley In the 1970 special election deciding whether or not Illinois would adopt its then-proposed state constitution, Daley came out in support of its adoption late in the campaign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley It was confirmed that Daley had suffered a massive heart attack and he was pronounced dead at 2:55 p.m.; he was 74 years old. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Another son, John P. Daley, is a member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley " Daley's reputation for misspeaking was such that his press secretary Earl Bush would tell reporters, "Write what he means, not what he says." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Historian Michael Beschloss called Daley "the pre-eminent mayor of the 20th century". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley The Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young song "Chicago" (written by Graham Nash) was about the 1968 Democratic convention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley In their live album Four Way Street, Nash ironically dedicates the song to "Mayor Daley". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Goodman also wrote and recorded a song called "Daley's Gone", which appeared on his 1977 album Say It in Private. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley played a major role in the history of the Democratic Party, especially with his support of John F. Kennedy in the presidential election of 1960 and of Hubert Humphrey in the presidential election of 1968. He would be the longest-serving mayor in Chicago history until his record was broken by his son Richard M. Daley in 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley He also had enemies within the Democratic Party. In addition, many members of Daley's administration were charged and convicted for corruption, although Daley himself was never charged with any crime. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Richard J. Daley was born in Bridgeport, a working-class neighborhood of Chicago. He was the only child of Michael and Lillian (Dunne) Daley, whose families had both arrived from the Old Parish area, near Dungarvan, County Waterford, Ireland, during the Great Famine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley As a young man, Daley's jobs included selling newspapers and making deliveries for a door to door peddler; he worked in Chicago's Union stock yards to pay his law school expenses. He spent his free time at the Hamburg Athletic Club, an athletic, social and political organization near his home. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Daley discouraged motion picture and television filming on location in Chicago, after an episode of M Squad (aired on January 30, 1959) depicted an officer of CPD taking bribes. This policy lasted until the end of his term and would be reversed under later mayor Jane Byrne, when The Blues Brothers was filmed in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Ribicoff also tried to introduce a motion to shut down the convention and move it to another city. Many conventioneers applauded Ribicoff's remarks but an indignant Daley tried to shout down the speaker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley The policeman is here to preserve disorder. "Public opinion polls conducted after the convention demonstrated that the majority of Americans supported Daley's tactics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Their eldest son, Richard M. Daley, was elected mayor of Chicago in 1989, and served in that position until his retirement in 2011. The youngest son, William M. Daley, served as White House Chief of Staff under President Barack Obama and as US Secretary of Commerce under President Bill Clinton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley A poll of 160 historians, political scientists and urban experts ranked Daley as the sixth best mayor in American history. On the 50th anniversary of Daley's first 1955 swearing-in, several dozen Daley biographers and associates met at the Chicago Historical Society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley In 2006, Dr. Kate Forster (Sandra Bullock) is leaving a lake house that she has been renting in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Lake House (film) The Southeast Side is a description that, although true, the city itself continues to resist including this neighborhood with all of Chicago's South Side communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago Once a separate community, South Chicago began as a series of scattered Native American settlements before becoming a village. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago It is the only natural beach frontage left and virtually unknown on the entire Chicago coastline. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago South Chicago was bustling with waves of immigrants as the popularity of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago At its zenith, South Chicago helped make the Chicago metropolitan area the leading producer of steel products in the nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago Throughout the early 1910s, Mexicans from a variety of regions within Mexico began to settle in communities throughout Chicago including South Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago South Chicago's Mexican Patriotic Club's Mexican Independence Day (Sept. 16th) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago The first Catholic parish established in South Chicago was St. Patrick, which was founded by Irish Catholics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago The Chicago Skyway borders South Chicago Avenue, running northwest towards the Dan Ryan Expressway and southeast towards Hammond, Indiana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago St. Michael the Archangel School in South Chicago closed in 2018, when it had 80 students. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago Ed "Chicago Ed" Schwartz, radio host who worked at WIND, WGN, and WLUP in Chicago. He was raised in South Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) South Chicago, Chicago The economy of Chicago is diverse, with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center being built in Hyde Park on the city's South Side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago has professional sports teams in each of the major professional leagues, including two Major League Baseball teams. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833 and sent west of the Mississippi River during Indian Removal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4, 1837, and for several decades was the world's fastest-growing city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened in 1848. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Chicago Board of Trade (established 1848) listed the first-ever standardized "exchange-traded" forward contracts, which were called futures contracts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The project raised much of central Chicago to a new grade with the use of hydraulic jackscrews for raising buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Republican political machine in Chicago was utterly destroyed by the economic crisis, and every mayor since 1931 has been a Democrat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The fiscal crisis was resolved by 1933, and at the same time, federal relief funding began to flow into Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago An informal name for the entire Chicago metropolitan area is "Chicagoland", which generally means the city and all its suburbs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Many additional diagonal streets were recommended in the Plan of Chicago, but only the extension of Ogden Avenue was ever constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The destruction caused by the Great Chicago Fire led to the largest building boom in the history of the nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Multiple kinds and scales of houses, townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings can be found throughout Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago There are preliminary plans to erect a 1:1‑scale replica of Wacław Szymanowski's Art Nouveau statue of Frédéric Chopin found in Warsaw's Royal Baths along Chicago's lakefront in addition to a different sculpture commemorating the artist in Chopin Park for the 200th anniversary of Frédéric Chopin's birth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago At the end of the 19th century, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world, and the largest of the cities that did not exist at the dawn of the century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago According to the 2008–2012 American Community Survey, the ancestral groups having 10,000 or more persons in Chicago were: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Chicago metropolitan area has the third-largest science and engineering work force of any metropolitan area in the nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The city of Chicago also hosts 12 Fortune Global 500 companies and 17 Financial Times 500 companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago It also contains the University of Chicago, ranked one of the world's top ten universities, and the Museum of Science and Industry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The two parks themselves are connected by a wide strip of parkland called the Midway Plaisance, running adjacent to the University of Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Joffrey Ballet and Chicago Festival Ballet perform in various venues, including the Harris Theater in Millennium Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Grant Park holds Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain (1927), and the Art Institute of Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Museum Campus joins the southern section of Grant Park, which includes the renowned Art Institute of Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Enthusiasts of the Chicago-style hot dog frown upon the use of ketchup as a garnish, but may prefer to add giardiniera. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago One of the world's most decorated restaurants and a recipient of three Michelin stars, Alinea is located in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Well-known chefs who have had restaurants in Chicago include: Charlie Trotter, Rick Tramonto, Grant Achatz, and Rick Bayless. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Much notable Chicago fiction focuses on the city itself, with social criticism keeping exultation in check. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago At least three short periods in the history of Chicago have had a lasting influence on American literature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago What would become the influential Poetry magazine was founded in 1912 by Harriet Monroe, who was working as an art critic for the Chicago Tribune. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is one of the most recognized basketball teams in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago Fire FC is a member of Major League Soccer (MLS) and plays at Soldier Field. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The Chicago Sky is a professional basketball team playing in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago When Chicago was incorporated in 1837, it chose the motto Urbs in Horto, a Latin phrase which means "City in a Garden". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago During much of the last half of the 19th century, Chicago's politics were dominated by a growing Democratic Party organization. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Machine politics persisted in Chicago after the decline of similar machines in other large U.S. cities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago had more homicides than any other city in 2015 in total but not on per capita basis, according to the Chicago Tribune. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago In 2011, Chicago's murders fell another 1.2% to 431 (a rate of 15.94 per 100,000). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Since the 1850s, Chicago has been a world center of higher education and research with several universities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago His legacy continues with the multiple community colleges in the Chicago proper, including the seven City Colleges of Chicago: Richard J. Daley College, Kennedy–King College, Malcolm X College, Olive–Harvey College, Truman College, Harold Washington College and Wilbur Wright College, in addition to the privately held MacCormac College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Six of the seven Class I railroads meet in Chicago, with the exception being the Kansas City Southern Railway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago No. 22, which extends 60 miles (97 km) from Chicago's city limits. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Natural gas is provided by Peoples Gas, a subsidiary of Integrys Energy Group, which is headquartered in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Like Chicago, many of them are or were the second-most populous or second-most influential city of their country, or are the main city of a country that has had large numbers of immigrants settle in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago In addition, the Chicago Sister Cities program hosts a number of delegation and formal exchanges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago His accomplishments included improvements to parks and creating incentives for sustainable development, as well as closing Meigs Field in the middle of the night and destroying the runways. After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago 0.5% American Indian. Chicago has a Hispanic or Latino population of 28.9%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Chicago is a major world convention destination. The city's main convention center is McCormick Place. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. A flourishing independent rock music culture brought forth Chicago indie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago A number of Chicago neighborhoods emerged along these roadways in the 19th century. The building of the boulevard system continued intermittently until 1942. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The mayor appoints commissioners and other officials who oversee the various departments. As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago At the time it was the tallest building in Chicago, but only held this title for four years until the John Hancock Center was completed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center The building also houses office space for both the city and Cook County, of which the City of Chicago is its seat of government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center Directly south of the Daley Center is the Cook County Administration Building which is full of office space for County employees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center Originally known as the Chicago Civic Center, the building was renamed for Mayor Daley on December 27, 1976, seven days after his death. The 648-foot (198 m), thirty-one story building features Cor-Ten, a self-weathering steel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center Completed in 1967, it was a gift to the City of Chicago from the artist. Though controversial for its abstract form, it quickly became a Chicago landmark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center Declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it houses offices for the Mayor of Chicago, aldermen of Chicago's various wards and chambers for the Chicago City Council. Directly south of the Daley Center is the Cook County Administration Building which is full of office space for County employees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Richard J. Daley Center The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks However, only one month later, Hardwick's group sold out to Chicago coffee tycoon Frederic McLaughlin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks The team had to face immediate competition in Chicago from Eddie Livingstone's rival Chicago Cardinals, which played in the same building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks Hull, Mikita, Pilote and Hall became preeminent stars in Chicago, and all four would eventually be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks Chicago proved they were no fluke the next season, also making the third round before losing to the eventual runner-up Edmonton Oilers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks In the late 1980s, Chicago still made the playoffs on an annual basis but made early-round exits each time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks Foley called Blackhawks games from 1981 to 2006 and spent the next two years broadcasting for the Chicago Wolves. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks The team's logo is displayed on the front of each jersey, along with a 'C', representing 'Chicago', on each shoulder with two crossed tomahawks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks "Here Come the Hawks!" is the official fight song and introduction of the Chicago Blackhawks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks This tradition originated during a 1985 Campbell Conference playoff game at Chicago Stadium versus the Edmonton Oilers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks The Blackhawks practice facility, the Fifth Third Arena, is located in Chicago's Near West Side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks Moore played one game and won it. Toronto refused to let Moore play the next, so Chicago used Paul Goodman in Game 2 and lost. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Blackhawks The group was initially billed as The Big Thing before calling themselves the Chicago Transit Authority in 1968, and then shortening the name in 1969. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) The original line-up of Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Chicago III, another double LP, was released in 1971 and charted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Chicago was the first rock act to sell out a week at Carnegie Hall and the live recording was made to chronicle that milestone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) After auditioning over 30 potential replacements for Kath, Chicago decided upon guitarist and singer-songwriter Donnie Dacus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Dacus departed from the band following the conclusion of the concert tour in support of Chicago 13, in 1980. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Marty Grebb had formerly been with the Buckinghams, and before that had been Cetera's bandmate in a local Chicago area cover band called the Exceptions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) It was the third and last Chicago single to reach No. 1 on the Hot 100 chart. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) It was also suggested some years later that the band's management was negotiating with the label regarding a licensing of the extensive Chicago back catalog, and when those talks stalled, the label apparently retaliated by scrapping the project. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) In 1998, Chicago released Chicago XXV: The Christmas Album and a live album in 1999, Chicago XXVI. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) In 2002, Rhino released a two-disc compilation, The Very Best of Chicago: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Two songs from this album, "Feel" and "Caroline", were performed live during Chicago's fall 2005 tour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) On January 25, 2014 and January 28, 2014, Chicago performed two concerts with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) On August 16, 2019, the band announced on their website that they would be releasing their fourth Christmas album, titled Chicago XXXVII: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) As of July 2018, the three remaining active original members of Chicago are Lamm, Loughnane, and Pankow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Chicago: In Concert at the Greek Theater (1993, Warner Reprise Video) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Chicago and Earth, Wind & Fire Live at the Greek Theater (2004, Image Entertainment) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Best Small-Combo LP: Chicago, Playboy Jazz & Pop Poll --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Dolly Parton was a guest artist on the album, which was released in October 2011. In the meantime, Rhino released Chicago XXXIV: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago (band) Daley Ojuederie (born 1985), professional boxer featured on the British TV show Big Brother 14 --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Arthur Daley (sportswriter) (1904–1974), columnist for The New York Times --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Bud Daley (born 1932), American professional Major League baseball pitcher --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Clayton Daley (born 1951), chief financial officer of The Procter & Gamble Company --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley George W. Daley (1875–1952), American newspaper editor, sports writer, and syndicated author --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Laurie Daley (born 1969), Australian rugby league football commentator and former player --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Daley Marin, from the American TV series Flight 29 Down, played by Hallee Hirsh --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley Daley Wong, from the OVA series Bubblegum Crisis Tokyo 2040, voiced by Chris Patton --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daley The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago During his term, the University of Chicago Hospitals (now called the University of Chicago Medical Center) finished construction and enrolled their first medical students. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago Nonetheless, in 1933, Hutchins proposed an unsuccessful plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University into a single university. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago Faculty and students at the adjacent Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago collaborate with the university. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago The university's sociology department was the first independent sociology department in the United States and gave birth to the Chicago school of sociology. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago In addition, many Chicago alumni and scholars have won the Fulbright awards and 54 have matriculated as Rhodes Scholars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago There are 13 fraternities at the university: Alpha Delta Phi (Chicago Chapter), Alpha Epsilon Pi --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago Alpha Delta Phi (Chicago Chapter), Alpha Epsilon Pi (Lambda Chapter), Alpha Sigma Phi, Delta Kappa Epsilon (Delta Delta), --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Chicago Chicago Med follows the emergency department doctors and nurses of the fictional Gaffney Chicago Medical Center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Med It focuses on the emergency department at Gaffney Chicago Medical Center and on its doctors and nurses as they work to save patients' lives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Med "The Beating Heart" (Chicago Fire Season 4, Episode 10) / " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chicago Med Madrid, at the Plaza de la Lealtad. The Monumento a los Caídos por España honours all those who have died fighting for Spain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eternal flame Chicago Justice follows the prosecutors and investigators at the Cook County State's Attorney's Office. The Chicago P.D. episode "Justice" serves as the backdoor pilot. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (franchise) The city of Chicago Lawn was founded by John F. Eberhart in 1871. Although it was annexed by the city of Chicago in 1889, it remained mostly farmland with some scattered settlements until the 1920s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Although it was annexed by the city of Chicago in 1889, it remained mostly farmland with some scattered settlements until the 1920s. Between 1920 and 1930 the population increased from 14,000 to 47,000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago In 1941, the National Biscuit Company announced plans to build a huge bakery in Chicago Lawn. When completed, this was the largest bakery in one location in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Arab families live in Chicago Lawn and Gage Park Neighborhoods. Arab community founded Chicago Islamic Center and Mosque on 63rd. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Arab community founded Chicago Islamic Center and Mosque on 63rd. Many Middle Eastern store and restaurant near Mosque area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Walter C. McAvoy (1904–1990), Republican politician who served in the Illinois House of Representatives. He resided in Chicago Lawn during his political career. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Lawn, Chicago Each purchased one third of the Tribune. Under their leadership, the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings, and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Tribune The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks. Also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Tribune After leaving, Soll married Pam Zekman, a Chicago newspaper (and future TV) reporter. He worked for the short-lived Chicago Times magazine in the late 1980s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Tribune The Picasso "precipitated an aesthetic shift in civic and urban planning, broadening the idea of public art beyond the commemorative. "The cor-ten steel sculpture, dedicated on August 15, 1967, in the civic plaza in the Chicago Loop, is 50 feet (15.2 m) tall and weighs 162 short tons (147 t). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Picasso "The cor-ten steel sculpture, dedicated on August 15, 1967, in the civic plaza in the Chicago Loop, is 50 feet (15.2 m) tall and weighs 162 short tons (147 t). The Cubist sculpture by Picasso was the first such major public artwork in Downtown Chicago, and has become a well-known landmark. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Picasso " Royko did credit Picasso with understanding the soul of Chicago. "Its eyes are like the eyes of every slum owner who made a buck off the small and weak. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Picasso Soon, he added other signs to his board, most of which denounce former Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley, former U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales, and George W. Bush, and make a number of odd statements in broken English. He stands outside of city hall every weekday, from about 6:00am until about 3:00pm. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Farhad Khoiee-Abbasi Wrigley died in 1977. The Wrigley family sold the team to the Chicago Tribune in 1981, ending a 65-year family relationship with the Cubs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Cubs Prior to 1969, divisions did not exist in MLB. The Chicago Cubs played in the National League East between 1969 and 1993 before moving to the newly created National League Central in 1994. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Cubs Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. He has been called "the last of the big city bosses" who controlled and mobilized American cities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Richard's mother was outgoing and outspoken. Before women obtained the right to vote in 1920, Lillian Daley was an active suffragette, participating in marches and often bringing her son to them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Before women obtained the right to vote in 1920, Lillian Daley was an active suffragette, participating in marches and often bringing her son to them. She hoped her son's life would be more professionally successful than that of his parents. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley She hoped her son's life would be more professionally successful than that of his parents. Prior to his mother's death, Daley had won the Democratic nomination for Cook County sheriff. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Daley made his mark there, not in sports, but in organization as the club manager. At age 22, he was elected president of the club and served in that office until 1939. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Major construction during Daley's terms in office resulted in O'Hare International Airport, the Sears Tower, McCormick Place, the University of Illinois at Chicago, numerous expressways and subway construction projects, and other major Chicago landmarks. O'Hare was a particular point of pride for Daley, with he and his staff regularly devising occasions to celebrate it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Daley contributed to John F. Kennedy's narrow, 8,000 vote victory in Illinois in 1960. In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and James Bevel took the Civil Rights Movement north and encouraged racial integration of Chicago's neighborhoods, such as Marquette Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and James Bevel took the Civil Rights Movement north and encouraged racial integration of Chicago's neighborhoods, such as Marquette Park. Daley called for a "summit conference" and signed an agreement with King and other community leaders to foster open housing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Daley called for a "summit conference" and signed an agreement with King and other community leaders to foster open housing. The public agreement itself was without legal standing and ignored. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley The Southern Christian Leadership Conference's efforts in Chicago contributed to the passage of the Fair Housing Act two years later. Daley discouraged motion picture and television filming on location in Chicago, after an episode of M Squad (aired on January 30, 1959) depicted an officer of CPD taking bribes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Reverend Jesse Jackson, for example, called it "a fascist's response". Daley later backed away from his words in an address to the City Council, saying: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley "Public opinion polls conducted after the convention demonstrated that the majority of Americans supported Daley's tactics. Daley was historically re-elected for the fifth time in 1971. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Daley was historically re-elected for the fifth time in 1971. However, many have argued this was due to a lack of formidable opposition rather than Daley's own popularity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley In the 1970 special election deciding whether or not Illinois would adopt its then-proposed state constitution, Daley came out in support of its adoption late in the campaign. His support may have ultimately been critical in influencing Illinois voters in their decision to ultimately adopt the proposed constitution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Another son, John P. Daley, is a member of the Cook County Board of Commissioners. The other progeny have stayed out of public life. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley Following Daley's death, Goodman replaced the reference with "... and Bilandic's been chosen". Goodman also wrote and recorded a song called "Daley's Gone", which appeared on his 1977 album Say It in Private. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Richard J. Daley At its zenith, South Chicago helped make the Chicago metropolitan area the leading producer of steel products in the nation. The Willis Tower and the Hancock Building were built from South Chicago steel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago Throughout the early 1910s, Mexicans from a variety of regions within Mexico began to settle in communities throughout Chicago including South Chicago. South Chicago became one of the first growing Mexican communities in Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago South Chicago became one of the first growing Mexican communities in Chicago. The community faced many challenges including many racist attacks by the more assimilated groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago B&O trains included the Capitol Limited and the Washington–Chicago Express. The last B&O trains stopped serving the station between 1968 and 1970. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago operates Catholic Schools. St. Michael the Archangel School in South Chicago closed in 2018, when it had 80 students. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago Richard Peter Davis, guitarist and member of the Chicago Catz. He is the son of Nathan Davis and the brother of Andrew Davis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago Eli Grba, pitcher for the New York Yankees and Los Angeles Angels (1959–1963). He was raised in South Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago Joni James, MGM Records star who sold more than 100 million singles and albums worldwide. She was raised in South Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) South Chicago, Chicago Du Sable was of African and French descent, perhaps born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti), and arrived in the 1780s. He is commonly known as the "Founder of Chicago". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago These set a precedent for worldwide construction. During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago In 1883, Chicago's railway managers needed a general time convention, so they developed the standardized system of North American time zones. This system for telling time spread throughout the continent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Chicago was the first American city to have a homosexual-rights organization. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago At its peak during the 1960s, some 250,000 workers were employed in the steel industry in Chicago, but the steel crisis of the 1970s and 1980s reduced this number to just 28,000 in 2015. In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Major construction projects, including the Sears Tower (now known as the Willis Tower, which in 1974 became the world's tallest building), University of Illinois at Chicago, McCormick Place, and O'Hare International Airport, were undertaken during Richard J. Daley's tenure. In 1979, Jane Byrne, the city's first female mayor, was elected. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago In 1983, Harold Washington became the first black mayor of Chicago. Washington's first term in office directed attention to poor and previously neglected minority neighborhoods. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. In 1992, a construction accident near the Kinzie Street Bridge produced a breach connecting the Chicago River to a tunnel below, which was part of an abandoned freight tunnel system extending throughout the downtown Loop district. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. The South Side contains most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago This helps to keep pedestrians on the sidewalk further away from the street traffic. Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago During its first hundred years, Chicago was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago As of the 2010 census, there were 2,695,598 people with 1,045,560 households living in Chicago. More than half the population of the state of Illinois lives in the Chicago metropolitan area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago In 2009 Chicago placed ninth on the UBS list of the world's richest cities. Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The Civic Opera House is home to the Lyric Opera of Chicago. The Lithuanian Opera Company of Chicago was founded by Lithuanian Chicagoans in 1956, and presents operas in Lithuanian. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Grant Park holds Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain (1927), and the Art Institute of Chicago. The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Included among these are its nationally renowned deep-dish pizza; this style is said to have originated at Pizzeria Uno. The Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. Certain Chicago pizza favorites include Lou Malnati's and Giordano's. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The magazine was instrumental in launching the Imagist and Objectivist poetic movements. From the 1950s through 1970s, American poetry continued to evolve in Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago From the 1950s through 1970s, American poetry continued to evolve in Chicago. In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the Poetry Slam. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The Chicago Marathon has been held each year since 1977 except for 1987, when a half marathon was run in its place. The Chicago Marathon is one of six World Marathon Majors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The boulevards and the parks were authorized by the Illinois legislature in 1869. A number of Chicago neighborhoods emerged along these roadways in the 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. The current mayor is Lori Lightfoot. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago From 1989 until May 16, 2011, Chicago was under the leadership of its longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley, the son of Richard J. Daley. Because of the dominance of the Democratic Party in Chicago, the Democratic primary vote held in the spring is generally more significant than the general elections in November for U.S. House and Illinois State seats. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Discovery Channel films two shows in Chicago: Cook County Jail and the Chicago version of Cash Cab. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The city of Chicago has a higher than average percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 26.5 percent of Chicago households were without a car, and increased slightly to 27.5 percent in 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago In 2015, 26.5 percent of Chicago households were without a car, and increased slightly to 27.5 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago An attempt was made in the early 20th century to link Chicago with New York City via the Chicago – New York Electric Air Line Railroad. Parts of this were built, but it was never completed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic. Both O'Hare and Midway are owned and operated by the City of Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago The club had previously played for 65 years at Chicago Stadium. The club's original owner was Frederic McLaughlin, who owned the club until his death in 1944. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks Nearly every trade made between Detroit and Chicago ended up being Red Wing heists. As a result, for the next several years, Chicago was the model of futility in the NHL. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks As a result, for the next several years, Chicago was the model of futility in the NHL. Between 1945 and 1958, they only made the playoffs twice. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks A defensive plan that completely wore down Montreal's superstars worked, however, as Chicago won the series in six games. They then bested the Wings to win their third Stanley Cup championship. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks The name officially became "Chicago Blackhawks" from that point on. In the late 1980s, Chicago still made the playoffs on an annual basis but made early-round exits each time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks Foley called Blackhawks games from 1981 to 2006 and spent the next two years broadcasting for the Chicago Wolves. Foley was partnered with Eddie Olczyk to broadcast all of the Blackhawks' games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks The Blackhawks were the first NHL team to sound a horn whenever they scored a goal at home. Bill Wirtz donated his yacht's horn to Chicago Stadium. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by the Blackhawks. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Chicago Blackhawks seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Blackhawks He proposed an arrangement with the band where they would take hiatuses after tours to let him focus on solo work (mirroring that of Phil Collins and Genesis), but the band declined. Cetera ultimately left Chicago in the summer of 1985. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) In 2002, Rhino released a two-disc compilation, The Very Best of Chicago: Only The Beginning, which spanned the band's career. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) Chicago and Earth, Wind & Fire embarked on another tour together in 2015 and 2016. In 2015, Chicago was listed among the nominees for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) Terry Kath's daughter Michelle accepted her father's award. In July 2016, Chicago performed on ABC's Greatest Hits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) In July 2016, Chicago performed on ABC's Greatest Hits. On September 23, 2016, a documentary called The Terry Kath Experience was released. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) On August 16, 2019, the band announced on their website that they would be releasing their fourth Christmas album, titled Chicago XXXVII: Chicago Christmas, on October 4, 2019. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) Berg said, "The Chicago logo...was fashioned for me by Nick Fasciano from my sketch. "The logo would serve as the band's chief visual icon from Chicago II, onward. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago (band) In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped Joe and Rika Mansueto Library, which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository. The site of Chicago Pile-1 is a National Historic Landmark and is marked by the Henry Moore sculpture Nuclear Energy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Chicago The University of Chicago is not a member of the rebranded consortium, but will continue to be a collaborator. The university operates more than 140 research centers and institutes on campus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Chicago (University of Chicago, Associate Chapter). As of 2017, approximately 20 to 25 percent of students are members of fraternities or sororities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Chicago It focuses on the emergency department at Gaffney Chicago Medical Center and on its doctors and nurses as they work to save patients' lives. It sometimes crosses over with characters from Chicago Fire and Chicago P.D. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Med "The Beating Heart" (Chicago Fire Season 4, Episode 10) / " Now I'm God" (Chicago P.D. Season 3, Episode 10) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chicago Med
6102.	Q: At the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, what is the maximum number of buttons that you can get on the Egyptian men's uniform? Title = Egyptische atleten bij OS Amsterdam 1928 - Egyptian Olympic athletes, Amsterdam 1928 (6941436605) Description = A: Three Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Maximum the Hormone, Turnover number, 1928 Olympics, Egyptian Army, Maximum likelihood estimation, 1928 Summer Olympics medal table, United States Army uniforms in World War II, B-tree, Japan at the 1928 Summer Olympics, Field hockey at the 1928 Summer Olympics, Valence (chemistry), Egypt men's national volleyball team, Military uniform, Heap (data structure), 1928 Summer Olympics, Mass sexual assault in Egypt, Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics, 2022 AFC Champions League, Otto Skorzeny, Art competitions at the Summer Olympics, Maximum Ride, Maximum flow problem, Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics, India at the 1928 Summer Olympics, 2021 World Men's Handball Championship, Ancient Egyptian deities, French campaign in Egypt and Syria, Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam), Independent set (graph theory), United States men's national soccer team Toggle details	The 1928 Summer Olympics, which were held in Amsterdam, Netherland --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) 1928 Olympics India competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) India at the 1928 Summer Olympics The Empire of Japan competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Japan at the 1928 Summer Olympics At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, 27 athletics events were contested. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics In 1921, Paris was selected for the 1924 Summer Olympics on the condition that the 1928 Summer Olympics would be organized in Amsterdam. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) 1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics were held in and around Amsterdam in the Netherlands from 17 May 1928 to 22 August 1928. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table , we are to find the maximum number of paths from --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Maximum flow problem India competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The men's field hockey team won the gold medal, beginning a streak that continued through the 1956 Games. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) India at the 1928 Summer Olympics This 1928 Summer Olympics medal table comprises two tables of countries ranked by the number of medals won during the 1928 Summer Olympics. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table This 1928 Summer Olympics medal table comprises two tables of countries ranked by the number of medals won during the 1928 Summer Olympics. The 1928 Summer Olympics were held in and around Amsterdam in the Netherlands from 17 May 1928 to 22 August 1928. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table Let m be the maximum number of children a node can have. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) B-tree The maximum number of elements per node is U−1. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) B-tree For the 1928 Olympics, Japan fielded 43 athletes. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Japan at the 1928 Summer Olympics The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Military uniform The poster was made for a German book about the Amsterdam Olympics. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 1928 Summer Olympics Generally, it was permitted for artists to enter multiple works, although a maximum number was sometimes established. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics During the 1928 Summer Olympics, there were 14 sports, 20 disciplines and 109 events in the tournament. In parentheses is the number of events per discipline. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 1928 Summer Olympics The growth continued at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, where over 1,100 works of art were exhibited in the Municipal Museum, not including the submissions in literature, music and architecture. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The Olympic Stadium (Dutch: Olympisch Stadion) is a sporting venue which was used as the main stadium for the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The 1928 Winter Olympics, which were held in St. Moritz, Switzerland --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 1928 Olympics points out that terminology is ambiguous because the maximum number of keys is not clear. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) B-tree The maximum number of children each node can have depends on the type of heap. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Heap (data structure) Fourteen sports venues were used for the 1928 Summer Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 1928 Summer Olympics At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, 27 athletics events were contested. The competition was held on a 400-meter track and would become the standard for athletics tracks in the future. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics Until the Amsterdam Games in 1928, the architectural competition was not divided into categories. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Football was one of the tournaments at the 1928 Summer Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics Thus the Bayesian estimator coincides with the maximum likelihood estimator for a uniform prior distribution --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Maximum likelihood estimation Move all elements from the right node to the left node (the left node now has the maximum number of elements, and the right node – empty) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) B-tree Let n ≥ 0 be the number of entries in the tree. Let m be the maximum number of children a node can have. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) B-tree Let m be the maximum number of children a node can have. Each node can have at most m−1 keys. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) B-tree The 1928 Summer Olympics saw the third field Hockey tournament at Olympics. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Field hockey at the 1928 Summer Olympics In 1921, Paris was selected for the 1924 Summer Olympics on the condition that the 1928 Summer Olympics would be organized in Amsterdam. This decision, supported by the Netherlands Olympic Committee, was announced by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on 2 June 1921. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1928 Summer Olympics Then the value of the maximum flow is equal to the maximum number of independent paths from --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Maximum flow problem The U.S. men's soccer team have played in the Summer Olympics since 1924. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States men's national soccer team Rigid lines between officers and men in the Egyptian Army led to a mutual "mistrust and contempt" between officers and the men who served under them. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Egyptian Army 327 sports medals and 29 arts medals were awarded during the 1928 Summer Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table The enlisted man's summer service uniform consisted of the cotton khaki uniform shirt with matching trousers; the coat for this uniform was discontinued for issue to enlisted men in the 1930s. The necktie was tucked between the first and second exposed buttons of the shirt. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States Army uniforms in World War II If the node contains fewer than the maximum allowed number of elements, then there is room for the new element. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) B-tree So, it must be possible to divide the maximum number U−1 of elements into two legal nodes. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) B-tree If the node contains fewer than the maximum allowed number of elements, then there is room for the new element. Insert the new element in the node, keeping the node's elements ordered. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) B-tree " During those 18 days, a protester told them, men put aside their differences with women, and everyone was simply Egyptian. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mass sexual assault in Egypt In Amsterdam, the number of events was also increased, as four of the five fields of art were subdivided, creating more events. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Pillaging only enriches a small number of men; it dishonours us, it destroys our resources; it makes enemies of the people who it is in our interest to have as our friends. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) French campaign in Egypt and Syria The design won the Olympic gold medal in the architecture competition at the 1928 Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The number of Egyptian enlistments could not be increased as conscription could threaten the production of much needed food and cotton and the stability of Egypt. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Egyptian Army By late 1963, the number was increased to 36,000; and in late 1964, the number rose to 50,000 Egyptian troops in Yemen. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Egyptian Army However, like other estimation methods, maximum likelihood estimation possesses a number of attractive limiting properties: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Maximum likelihood estimation A maximum likelihood estimator coincides with the most probable Bayesian estimator given a uniform prior distribution on the parameters. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Maximum likelihood estimation The 1928 Summer Olympics were held in and around Amsterdam in the Netherlands from 17 May 1928 to 22 August 1928. A total of 2,883 athletes from 46 countries participated in the sports competition, in 14 sports and 109 events. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table The maximum number of elements per node is U−1. When a node is split, one element moves to the parent, but one element is added. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) B-tree The maximum number of univalent atoms (originally hydrogen or chlorine atoms) that may combine with an atom of the element under consideration, or with a fragment, or for which an atom of this element can be substituted. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Valence (chemistry) The heap relation mentioned above applies only between nodes and their parents, grandparents, etc. The maximum number of children each node can have depends on the type of heap. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Heap (data structure) The 1928 Summer Olympics (Dutch: Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from 28 July to 12 August 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics The only other candidate city for the 1928 Olympics was Los Angeles, which would eventually be selected to host the Olympics four years later. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics The US request to allocate the 1928 Summer Olympics to Los Angeles was without success in 1922 and again in 1923. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics During the 1928 Summer Olympics, there were 14 sports, 20 disciplines and 109 events in the tournament. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics In 1919, the Netherlands Olympic Committee abandoned the proposal of Amsterdam in favor of their support for the nomination of Antwerp as host city for the 1920 Summer Olympics. In 1921, Paris was selected for the 1924 Summer Olympics on the condition that the 1928 Summer Olympics would be organized in Amsterdam. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics Fourteen sports venues were used for the 1928 Summer Olympics. The Swim Stadium was demolished in 1929. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1928 Summer Olympics Generally, it was permitted for artists to enter multiple works, although a maximum number was sometimes established. This made it possible for an artist to win multiple prizes in a single competition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Until the Amsterdam Games in 1928, the architectural competition was not divided into categories. The 1928 games introduced a town planning category. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics , that is a matching that contains the largest possible number of edges. This problem can be transformed into a maximum flow problem by constructing a network --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Maximum flow problem I shall be able to unite all the wise and educated men of all the countries and establish a uniform regime based on the principles of the Quran which alone are true and which alone can lead men to happiness. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French campaign in Egypt and Syria The Olympic Stadium (Dutch: Olympisch Stadion) is a sporting venue which was used as the main stadium for the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The venue is currently used mostly for athletics, other sports events and concerts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) Identification between the different branches of the Egyptian Army depended on the insignia on the upper left shoulder of the uniform, and also the color of the beret. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Egyptian Army If the parameter consists of a number of components, then we define their separate maximum likelihood estimators, as the corresponding component of the MLE of the complete parameter. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Maximum likelihood estimation Knuth (1998) avoids the problem by defining the order to be the maximum number of children (which is one more than the maximum number of keys).The term leaf is also inconsistent. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) B-tree points out that terminology is ambiguous because the maximum number of keys is not clear. An order 3 B-tree might hold a maximum of 6 keys or a maximum of 7 keys. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) B-tree Both the Union and the Confederacy drew up uniform regulations, but as a matter of practical reality neither side was able to fully equip its men at the outbreak of the war. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Military uniform Each uniform category consists of different types which usually consists of type I until type IV (four types). The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Military uniform In preparation for the 1932 Summer Olympics, the United States Olympic Committee reviewed the costs and revenue of the 1928 Games. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1928 Summer Olympics The Queen had initially refused to make an appearance at either the opening or closing ceremony; it is thought that she objected to the Netherlands hosting the 1928 Games as she considered the Olympics to be a demonstration of paganism. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1928 Summer Olympics Seven men aged 15–49 were arrested. After the president visited the woman in hospital, the Egyptian government asked YouTube to remove the video; a spokesman said the request had come from the woman. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mass sexual assault in Egypt For each association, the maximum number of total slots is four and the maximum number of direct slots is three (Articles 3.4 and 3.5). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2022 AFC Champions League The growth continued at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, where over 1,100 works of art were exhibited in the Municipal Museum, not including the submissions in literature, music and architecture. Artists were allowed to sell their works at the close of the exhibition, which was rather controversial given the IOC's amateurism policy, which required all competitors to be amateurs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The people among whom we are going treat women differently to us; but in every country whoever violates one is a monster. Pillaging only enriches a small number of men; it dishonours us, it destroys our resources; it makes enemies of the people who it is in our interest to have as our friends. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French campaign in Egypt and Syria Pillaging only enriches a small number of men; it dishonours us, it destroys our resources; it makes enemies of the people who it is in our interest to have as our friends. The first city we will encounter was built by Alexander [the Great]. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French campaign in Egypt and Syria Additional seats could be added on the cycle track, which would increase the capacity with 5,900.The 1928 Olympics introduced the idea of the Olympic Flame. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) A heavy drinker, he would prove himself grossly incompetent as a general during the Crisis. Rigid lines between officers and men in the Egyptian Army led to a mutual "mistrust and contempt" between officers and the men who served under them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Egyptian Army Two months later, Egypt had 15,000 regular troops deployed. By late 1963, the number was increased to 36,000; and in late 1964, the number rose to 50,000 Egyptian troops in Yemen. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Egyptian Army of n is the number m on the drawn ticket. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Maximum likelihood estimation Wilks continued to improve on the generality of the theorem throughout his life, with his most general proof published in 1962.Reviews of the development of maximum likelihood estimation have been provided by a number of authors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Maximum likelihood estimation However, like other estimation methods, maximum likelihood estimation possesses a number of attractive limiting properties: As the sample size increases to infinity, sequences of maximum likelihood estimators have these properties: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Maximum likelihood estimation Additionally, five art competitions were held with 13 events combined. 327 sports medals and 29 arts medals were awarded during the 1928 Summer Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table The enlisted men's winter service uniform in 1941 consisted of a wool serge four-button coat with four pockets in olive drab shade no. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Army uniforms in World War II The enlisted man's summer service uniform consisted of the cotton khaki uniform shirt with matching trousers; the coat for this uniform was discontinued for issue to enlisted men in the 1930s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Army uniforms in World War II Usually, the number of keys is chosen to vary between --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) B-tree The maximum number of child nodes depends on the information that must be stored for each child node and the size of a full disk block or an analogous size in secondary storage. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) B-tree When a node is split, one element moves to the parent, but one element is added. So, it must be possible to divide the maximum number U−1 of elements into two legal nodes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) B-tree The 1928 Summer Olympics saw the third field Hockey tournament at Olympics. All games took place either in the new Olympisch Stadion or in the nearby Old Stadion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Field hockey at the 1928 Summer Olympics The maximum number of univalent atoms (originally hydrogen or chlorine atoms) that may combine with an atom of the element under consideration, or with a fragment, or for which an atom of this element can be substituted. An alternative modern description is: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Valence (chemistry) Logan, a correspondent for CBS, was sexually assaulted for 30 minutes by around 200 men in Tahrir Square before being rescued by a group of Egyptian women and soldiers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mass sexual assault in Egypt For each association, the maximum number of total slots is one-third of the total number of eligible teams (excluding foreign teams) in the top division (Article 3.4). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 AFC Champions League A notable example of this is the 1928 gold medal for architecture awarded to Jan Wils for his design of the Olympic Stadium used in the same Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Whereas most male gods have red skin and most goddesses are yellow—the same colors used to depict Egyptian men and women—some are given unusual, symbolic skin colors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ancient Egyptian deities The gods are depicted in a finite number of these symbolic forms, so they can often be distinguished from one another by their iconographies. These forms include men and women (anthropomorphism), animals (zoomorphism), and, more rarely, inanimate objects. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ancient Egyptian deities In a bipartite graph with no isolated vertices, the number of vertices in a maximum independent set equals the number of edges in a minimum edge covering; this is Kőnig's theorem. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independent set (graph theory) In enzymology, turnover number (also termed kcat) is defined as the maximum number of chemical conversions of substrate molecules per second that a single active site will execute for a given enzyme concentration --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Turnover number From the vantage point of Bayesian inference, MLE is a special case of maximum a posteriori estimation (MAP) that assumes a uniform prior distribution of the parameters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum likelihood estimation The expected value of the number m on the drawn ticket, and therefore the expected value of --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum likelihood estimation Note that the maximum likelihood estimate of n occurs at the lower extreme of possible values {m, m + 1, ...}, rather than somewhere in the "middle" of the range of possible values, which would result in less bias.) The expected value of the number m on the drawn ticket, and therefore the expected value of --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum likelihood estimation The necktie was tucked between the first and second exposed buttons of the shirt. Although originally used as a summer combat uniform as well as a summer dress uniform, after the invasion of the Philippines in 1942 the khaki uniform was largely replaced as a summer combat uniform by the herringbone twill utility uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Army uniforms in World War II However, if the node is full (it has m − 1 keys, where m is the order of the tree as maximum number of pointers to subtrees from one node), it needs to be checked whether the right sibling exists and has some free space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) B-tree Every internal node contains a maximum of U children and a minimum of L children. Thus, the number of elements is always 1 less than the number of child pointers (the number of elements is between L−1 and U−1). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) B-tree In addition, rebalancing of the tree occurs less often. The maximum number of child nodes depends on the information that must be stored for each child node and the size of a full disk block or an analogous size in secondary storage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) B-tree The games became the qualifying event for the Japanese Olympic team, which now for the first time included a woman (Kinue Hitomi). For the 1928 Olympics, Japan fielded 43 athletes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Japan at the 1928 Summer Olympics The maximum number of univalent atoms (originally hydrogen or chlorine atoms) that may combine with an atom of the element under consideration, or with a fragment, or for which an atom of this element can be substituted. Hydrogen and chlorine were originally used as examples of univalent atoms, because of their nature to form only one single bond. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Valence (chemistry) The uniform regulations are basically different for men and women. The Army, Navy, and Air Force basically have the same regulations for the uniform, but differ in terms of color and certain designs which represent their respective branches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Military uniform In 1919, the Netherlands Olympic Committee abandoned the proposal of Amsterdam in favor of their support for the nomination of Antwerp as host city for the 1920 Summer Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1928 Summer Olympics The last living competitor of the 1928 Summer Olympics was Clara Marangoni, a member of the silver medal-winning Italian gymnastic team who had been twelve years old during the Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1928 Summer Olympics The US request to allocate the 1928 Summer Olympics to Los Angeles was without success in 1922 and again in 1923. Los Angeles was eventually selected as host city for the 1932 Summer Olympics, being the only bidder for that year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1928 Summer Olympics Men, young men, get back!'" --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Entries in this category were allowed to have been "published" before the Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Entries in this category were allowed to have been "published" before the Olympics. A notable example of this is the 1928 gold medal for architecture awarded to Jan Wils for his design of the Olympic Stadium used in the same Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics and route the flow on remaining edges accordingly, to obtain another maximum flow. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum flow problem , we are to find a maximum cardinality matching in --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum flow problem Therefore, the problem can be solved by finding the maximum cardinality matching in --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Maximum flow problem Hornung concludes that the gods were fully unified only in myth, at the time before creation, after which the multitude of gods emerged from a uniform nonexistence. Hornung's arguments have greatly influenced other scholars of Egyptian religion, but some still believe that at times the gods were more unified than he allows. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ancient Egyptian deities We'll have to stay here, or leave as great men just as the ancients did". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French campaign in Egypt and Syria In a letter to a sheikh in August, Napoleon wrote, "I hope... I shall be able to unite all the wise and educated men of all the countries and establish a uniform regime based on the principles of the Quran which alone are true and which alone can lead men to happiness. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French campaign in Egypt and Syria After the Games the NOC admitted that the capacity of the stadium was somewhere near 31,600. Additional seats could be added on the cycle track, which would increase the capacity with 5,900.The 1928 Olympics introduced the idea of the Olympic Flame. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The U.S. men's soccer team have played in the Summer Olympics since 1924. From that tournament to 1980, only amateur and state-sponsored Eastern European players were allowed on Olympic teams. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States men's national soccer team The Egyptian army is the oldest army in the world --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egyptian Army Troops were kept busy to prevent the men from being left idle in the camps. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egyptian Army In 1977 the army fought in the Libyan-Egyptian War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egyptian Army The Egyptian Army utilizes a British style ceremonial outfit, with desert camouflage implemented in 2012. Identification between the different branches of the Egyptian Army depended on the insignia on the upper left shoulder of the uniform, and also the color of the beret. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egyptian Army Identification between the different branches of the Egyptian Army depended on the insignia on the upper left shoulder of the uniform, and also the color of the beret. The Airborne, Thunderbolt, and Republican Guard units each utilize their own camouflaged uniforms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egyptian Army so defined is measurable, then it is called the maximum likelihood estimator. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation , the necessary conditions for the occurrence of a maximum (or a minimum) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation Naturally, if the constraints are nonbinding at the maximum, the Lagrange multipliers should be zero. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation Under the conditions outlined below, the maximum likelihood estimator is consistent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation The likelihood is maximized when p = 2⁄3, and so this is the maximum likelihood estimate for p. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation Thus the maximum likelihood estimator for p is 49⁄80. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation is (be it the maximum likelihood estimator or some other estimator) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation A maximum likelihood estimator coincides with the most probable Bayesian estimator given a uniform prior distribution on the parameters. Indeed, the maximum a posteriori estimate is the parameter θ that maximizes the probability of θ given the data, given by Bayes' theorem: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum likelihood estimation 327 sports medals and 29 arts medals were awarded during the 1928 Summer Olympics. A total of 5,901 souvenir medals were given; 5,139 medals to contestants and officials, and 762 medals to persons that contributed to the Olympics by rendering their services. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table The necktie was tucked between the first and second exposed buttons of the shirt. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Army uniforms in World War II During World War II the first flight nurses uniform consisted of a blue wool battle dress jacket, blue wool trousers and a blue wool men's style maroon piped garrison cap. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Army uniforms in World War II The uniform consisted of a shirt, trousers, and a hat. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Army uniforms in World War II Byrd Cloth, as used in the Experimental Tropical Uniform, was a single-layer uniform of untreated OD long-staple Egyptian cotton, made in a tightly woven herringbone twill to prevent mosquito bites. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Army uniforms in World War II The enlisted men's winter service uniform in 1941 consisted of a wool serge four-button coat with four pockets in olive drab shade no. 33 (OD 33), wool trousers, and a long-sleeved wool shirt, both in olive drab shade 32 (OD 32). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Army uniforms in World War II As with any balanced tree, the cost grows much more slowly than the number of elements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree The literature on B-trees is not uniform in its terminology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree When data is inserted or removed from a node, its number of child nodes changes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree Each split node has the required minimum number of keys. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree A merger reduces the number of keys in the parent potentially forcing it to merge or redistribute keys with its siblings, and so on. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree If there are a large number of deletions, then searching and storage become less efficient. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree uses a hierarchical index to minimize the number of disk --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree Let n ≥ 0 be the number of entries in the tree. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree An order 3 B-tree might hold a maximum of 6 keys or a maximum of 7 keys. Knuth (1998) avoids the problem by defining the order to be the maximum number of children (which is one more than the maximum number of keys).The term leaf is also inconsistent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree Knuth (1998) avoids the problem by defining the order to be the maximum number of children (which is one more than the maximum number of keys).The term leaf is also inconsistent. Bayer and McCreight (1972) considered the leaf level to be the lowest level of keys, but Knuth considered the leaf level to be one level below the lowest keys. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree So, it must be possible to divide the maximum number U−1 of elements into two legal nodes. If this number is odd, then U=2L and one of the new nodes contains (U−2)/2 = L−1 elements, and hence is a legal node, and the other contains one more element, and hence it is legal too. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) B-tree Frankland took the view that the valence (he used the term "atomicity") of an element was a single value that corresponded to the maximum value observed. The number of unused valencies on atoms of what are now called the p-block elements is generally even, and Frankland suggested that the unused valencies saturated one another. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valence (chemistry) The following is the Egyptian roster in the 2018 World Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Egypt men's national volleyball team Thus the principle ever since followed—uniform coat and variegated facings—was established. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform As such it was sufficiently varied not to rank as "uniform" in the later sense. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform A khaki summer uniform was worn by the entire army. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform The colonels there uniformed their men as they saw fit, but had, probably to obtain "wholesale" prices, agreed upon a serviceable colour, pearl grey. When in 1707 Prince Eugene procured the issue of uniform regulations, few line regiments had to be re-clothed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Military uniform Inspectionsize: return the number of items in the heap. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Heap (data structure) In previous Olympics, competition had been stretched out over several months. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics The German team finished second in the 1928 medal count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics In parentheses is the number of events per discipline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics A total of 46 nations were represented at the Amsterdam Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics Many cars were expected for the Games, but Amsterdam had no more than 2,000 single car parking spaces. Consequently, a number of new parking sites were provided and a special parking symbol was launched to show foreign visitors where they could park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics he IOC used a different poster, with the German text Olympische Spiele, and an athlete partly covered in the Dutch national flag, holding a peace leaf in his hand. The poster was made for a German book about the Amsterdam Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1928 Summer Olympics The attacks gained prominence outside Egypt in February 2011 when Lara Logan, a correspondent for the American network CBS, was sexually assaulted by hundreds of men in Tahrir Square, Cairo, while reporting on the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mass sexual assault in Egypt This was different for the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The literature competitions were divided into a varied number of categories. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Artists were allowed to sell their works at the close of the exhibition, which was rather controversial given the IOC's amateurism policy, which required all competitors to be amateurs. In Amsterdam, the number of events was also increased, as four of the five fields of art were subdivided, creating more events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics Because of the economy and the remote location of Los Angeles, participation in the athletic events of the 1932 Games was lower than that of 1928. The art competition did not suffer from this problem, and the number of art works entered remained stable. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The capacity of an edge is the maximum amount of flow that can pass through an edge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem The following table lists algorithms for solving the maximum flow problem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem instead of only one source and one sink, we are to find the maximum flow across --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem , that is a matching that contains the largest possible number of edges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem This problem can be transformed into a maximum flow problem by constructing a network --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem is equal to the size of the maximum matching in --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem , we are to find the minimum number of vertex-disjoint paths to cover each vertex in --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem , we can transform the problem into the maximum flow problem in the original sense by expanding --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem Maximum number of paths from s to t === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem This problem can be transformed to a maximum flow problem by constructing a network --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem In the mentioned article it is proved that this flow value is the maximum flow value from s to t. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem Now, it remains to compute a minimum cut in that network (or equivalently a maximum flow). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Maximum flow problem The day before the tournament began, on May 26, 1928 the FIFA congress in Amsterdam presided over by Jules Rimet, voted that a new FIFA World Cup tournament be organised in 1930 and be open to all member nations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics Football was one of the tournaments at the 1928 Summer Olympics. It was won by Uruguay against Argentina, and was the last Olympic football tournament before the inception of the FIFA World Cup, which was held for the first time in 1930. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics Egyptian deities are connected in a complex and shifting array of relationships. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities Some of these groups contain a specific, symbolically important number of deities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities Egyptian writings describe the gods' bodies in detail. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities These practices continued into the latest periods of Egyptian history. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities Although the combinations, manifestations, and iconographies of each god were constantly shifting, they were always restricted to a finite number of forms, never becoming fully interchangeable in a monotheistic or pantheistic way. Henotheism, Hornung says, describes Egyptian religion better than other labels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities An Egyptian could worship any deity at a particular time and credit it with supreme power in that moment, without denying the other gods or merging them all with the god that he or she focused on. Hornung concludes that the gods were fully unified only in myth, at the time before creation, after which the multitude of gods emerged from a uniform nonexistence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Egyptian deities Alexandria was defended by Koraim Pasha and 500 men. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French campaign in Egypt and Syria In January 1926, the Amsterdam municipal government, the National Olympic Committee and the NV Nederlandsch Sportpark—the owner of the Harry Elte stadium—reached an agreement; after the Olympic Games of 1928, the Harry Elte stadium would be demolished and the NV Nederlandsch Sportpark would be the owner of the Olympic Stadium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The stadium hosted several international matches of the Dutch national football team, the first one being the game against Uruguay (0–2) during the Summer Olympics on 30 May 1928. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) AFC Ajax used the Olympic Stadium for international games until 1996, when the Amsterdam Arena, since 2018 renamed Johan Cruyff Arena, was completed. Renovation started in 1996, and the stadium was refurbished into the original construction of 1928. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The design won the Olympic gold medal in the architecture competition at the 1928 Olympics. The concrete second ring that was added in 1937 to the north and south wing of the stadium was also designed by Jan Wils. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) Additional seats could be added on the cycle track, which would increase the capacity with 5,900.The 1928 Olympics introduced the idea of the Olympic Flame. The flame burned for the first time ever in a tall tower, known as the Marathon tower, adjacent to the Olympic Stadium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The size of an independent set is the number of vertices it contains. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independent set (graph theory) The optimization problem of finding such a set is called the maximum independent set problem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independent set (graph theory) is equal to the number of vertices in the graph. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independent set (graph theory) , is at least the quotient of the number of vertices in --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independent set (graph theory) The maximum independent set problem is NP-hard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independent set (graph theory) It was their first album to reach number one on Oricon's charts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum the Hormone Most Egyptian cities lacked city walls and other defenses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army The Egyptian Army was involved in the following wars during Muhammad Ali's reign: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army In 1882 Valentine Baker ("Baker Pasha") was offered the command of the newly formed Egyptian Army, which he accepted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army On his arrival at Cairo, however, the offer was withdrawn and he only obtained command of the Egyptian police. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army The trivial tasks that filled the soldiers live was an attempt to keep the men constantly engaged in useful tasks and not thinking about leaving. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army In 1914 the Egyptian Army was a largely native home-defence force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army The Egyptian Military Operations Authority, governed by the Ministry of Defense, is headquartered in Cairo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army The Egyptian Armed Forces' Chief of Staff's office is in Cairo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army By 1917 15,000 Egyptian volunteers were serving in the Egyptian Army, deployed mainly in the Sudan with three battalions in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, along with 98,000 labourers, 23,000 of whom were serving overseas. The number of Egyptian enlistments could not be increased as conscription could threaten the production of much needed food and cotton and the stability of Egypt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army Rigid lines between officers and men in the Egyptian Army led to a mutual "mistrust and contempt" between officers and the men who served under them. Egyptian troops were excellent in defensive operations, but had little capacity for offensive operations, owing to the lack of "rapport and effective small-unit leadership". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Egyptian Army The point in the parameter space that maximizes the likelihood function is called the maximum likelihood estimate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation then, as a practical matter, means to find the maximum of the likelihood function subject to the constraint --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Because of the invariance of the maximum likelihood estimator, the properties of the MLE apply to the restricted estimates also. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation A maximum likelihood estimator is an extremum estimator obtained by maximizing, as a function of θ, --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation As the sample size increases to infinity, sequences of maximum likelihood estimators have these properties: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation converges to θ0 almost surely, then a stronger condition of uniform convergence almost surely has to be imposed: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation However the maximum likelihood estimator is not third-order efficient. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation is a uniform distribution, the Bayesian estimator is obtained by maximizing the likelihood function --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Application of maximum-likelihood estimation in Bayes decision theory ==== --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Using maximum likelihood estimation, the coin that has the largest likelihood can be found, given the data that were observed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation The normal log-likelihood at its maximum takes a particularly simple form: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Method of support, a variation of the maximum likelihood technique --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Quasi-maximum likelihood estimator, an MLE estimator that is misspecified, but still consistent --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Restricted maximum likelihood, a variation using a likelihood function calculated from a transformed set of data --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation From the vantage point of Bayesian inference, MLE is a special case of maximum a posteriori estimation (MAP) that assumes a uniform prior distribution of the parameters. In frequentist inference, MLE is a special case of an extremum estimator, with the objective function being the likelihood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Maximum-likelihood estimators have no optimum properties for finite samples, in the sense that (when evaluated on finite samples) other estimators may have greater concentration around the true parameter-value. However, like other estimation methods, maximum likelihood estimation possesses a number of attractive limiting properties: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation Under the conditions outlined below, the maximum likelihood estimator is consistent. The consistency means that if the data were generated by --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation The maximum likelihood estimator selects the parameter value which gives the observed data the largest possible probability (or probability density, in the continuous case). If the parameter consists of a number of components, then we define their separate maximum likelihood estimators, as the corresponding component of the MLE of the complete parameter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation The only difficult part of Wilks’ proof depends on the expected value of the Fisher information matrix, which is provided by a theorem proven by Fisher. Wilks continued to improve on the generality of the theorem throughout his life, with his most general proof published in 1962.Reviews of the development of maximum likelihood estimation have been provided by a number of authors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum likelihood estimation The countries are ranked by the number of gold medals won by the athletes of that country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table If countries are tied, first the number of silver medals is taken into consideration and then the number of bronze medals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table Whenever a shirt was worn as an outer garment, the necktie was tucked between the first and second exposed buttons of the shirt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Army uniforms in World War II The most recognizable part of the uniform is the standardized M-1943 field jacket. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Army uniforms in World War II In use, the uniform was intended to cool the wearer even when continuously wetted, as might be expected in a humid, rainy jungle environment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Army uniforms in World War II Every internal node contains a maximum of U children and a minimum of L children. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree For simplicity, most authors assume there are a fixed number of keys that fit in a node. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Each internal node of a B-tree contains a number of keys. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Usually, sorting and searching algorithms have been characterized by the number of comparison operations that must be performed using order notation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree A B-tree can handle an arbitrary number of insertions and deletions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Half of this number is L−1, which is the minimum number of elements allowed per node. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree If that leaf node is now deficient (has fewer than the required number of nodes), then rebalance the tree starting from the leaf node. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Usually, the redistribution involves moving an element from a sibling node that has more than the minimum number of nodes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Some operating systems require the user to allocate the maximum size of the file when the file is created. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree The literature on B-trees is not uniform in its terminology. Bayer and McCreight (1972), Comer (1979), and others define the order of B-tree as the minimum number of keys in a non-root node. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Bayer and McCreight (1972), Comer (1979), and others define the order of B-tree as the minimum number of keys in a non-root node. points out that terminology is ambiguous because the maximum number of keys is not clear. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Each split node has the required minimum number of keys. Similarly, if an internal node and its neighbor each --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree The maximum number of child nodes depends on the information that must be stored for each child node and the size of a full disk block or an analogous size in secondary storage. While 2–3 B-trees are easier to explain, practical B-trees using secondary storage need a large number of child nodes to improve performance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) B-tree Only a men's competition occurred that year, and nine nations competed: Czechoslovakia withdrew before the draw. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Field hockey at the 1928 Summer Olympics The combining capacity, or affinity of an atom of a given element is determined by the number of hydrogen atoms that it combines with. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valence (chemistry) Polyvalence or multivalence refers to species that are not restricted to a specific number of valence bonds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valence (chemistry) The oxidation state of an atom in a molecule gives the number of valence electrons it has gained or lost. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valence (chemistry) The number of unused valencies on atoms of what are now called the p-block elements is generally even, and Frankland suggested that the unused valencies saturated one another. For example, nitrogen has a maximum valence of 5, in forming ammonia two valencies are left unattached; sulfur has a maximum valence of 6, in forming hydrogen sulphide four valencies are left unattached. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valence (chemistry) The Marquis of Louvois, in creating a standing army, had introduced an infantry uniform as a necessary consequence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Union eventually got most of its men into regulation Federal blue but this often faded until it appeared grey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Embroidered chest panels and coloured buttons on headdresses were used to distinguish rank and sometimes unit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Mountain infantry troops retain a more traditional dress uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The modern Indian Army uniform standardises on dun for khaki. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The Spanish Army has reintroduced a number of dress uniforms dating back to the pre-1931 Monarchy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Blues, though the second most used uniform, receive far less service than ABUs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The "uniform of the day," when referred to in a military sense, is the designated uniform all military personnel are required to wear on that particular day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform Both the Union and the Confederacy drew up uniform regulations, but as a matter of practical reality neither side was able to fully equip its men at the outbreak of the war. Existing state units and quickly raised volunteer regiments on both sides wore a wide variety of styles and colours in the early stages of the war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform This and other features of the historic Prussian Army uniform were generally adopted by the other German States as they fell under Prussian influence before and after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. Bavarians, however, continued to wear light blue and Saxon regiments retained a number of distinctions after the establishment of the German Empire (1871). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Military uniform The torch relay, however, would not take place until the 1936 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics Women's athletics and team gymnastics debuted at these Olympics, in spite of criticism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics The Old Stadion was demolished in 1929 and replaced with housing in the Amsterdam area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1928 Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics The only other candidate city for the 1928 Olympics was Los Angeles, which would eventually be selected to host the Olympics four years later. In preparation for the 1932 Summer Olympics, the United States Olympic Committee reviewed the costs and revenue of the 1928 Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics The Olympic Games were cancelled in 1916 due to World War I. In 1919, the Netherlands Olympic Committee abandoned the proposal of Amsterdam in favor of their support for the nomination of Antwerp as host city for the 1920 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1928 Summer Olympics In these assaults, assailants would encircle a woman while outer rings of men deter rescuers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Mass sexual assault was first documented during the Egyptian constitutional referendum on 25 May 2005, on what became known as "Black Wednesday," when women demonstrators were sexually assaulted by a group of agents provocateurs, groups of men who had arrived on buses, as police watched and did nothing to intervene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Attempts were made to pull or cut their clothes off, and their bodies were pulled in different directions as men move her through the crowd. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Police were reported to have done nothing to stop it, although many bystanders tried to help the women. The attacks gained prominence outside Egypt in February 2011 when Lara Logan, a correspondent for the American network CBS, was sexually assaulted by hundreds of men in Tahrir Square, Cairo, while reporting on the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Taylor et al. call this Egypt's "liminal moment," following the anthropologist Victor Turner's idea that, during political upheaval, people are liberated from their "cultural script. " During those 18 days, a protester told them, men put aside their differences with women, and everyone was simply Egyptian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt " During those 18 days, a protester told them, men put aside their differences with women, and everyone was simply Egyptian. After the fall of Mubarak, there was rapid escalation, beginning with the attacks, on the night he stepped down, on Egyptian journalist Mona Eltahawy and South African journalist Lara Logan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt Egyptian Streets called the attention that followed the 2014 Cairo hotel gang rape case a #MeToo moment. The 2014 Fairmont hotel gangrape concerned a young woman who had been drugged and raped by a group of young men from wealthy families. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mass sexual assault in Egypt He stayed on to serve as an adviser to Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Otto Skorzeny The art competition did not suffer from this problem, and the number of art works entered remained stable. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics At a 1951 meeting, the IOC decided to reinstate the competitions for the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics In 1928, separate categories were introduced for dramatic, epic, and lyric literature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics As a swimmer, he won two gold medals at the 1896 Athens Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics vertices, the sum of the number of paths and edges in the cover is --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem It may be solved in polynomial time using a reduction to the maximum flow problem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem Schwartz proposed a method which reduces this problem to maximum network flow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem The airline scheduling problem can be considered as an application of extended maximum network flow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem They are connected by a networks of roads with each road having a capacity c for maximum goods that can flow through it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem The capacity of an edge is the maximum amount of flow that can pass through an edge. Formally it is a map --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem (See Fig. 4.3.1).Then the value of the maximum flow in --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem In other words, the amount of flow passing through a vertex cannot exceed its capacity. To find the maximum flow across --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem The paths must be edge-disjoint. This problem can be transformed to a maximum flow problem by constructing a network --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem Now, it remains to compute a minimum cut in that network (or equivalently a maximum flow). The last figure shows a minimum cut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Maximum flow problem Increasingly, FIFA had sought to appease those nations that required concessions in order that players could participate in the Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics Ancient Egyptian deities are the gods and goddesses worshipped in ancient Egypt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Humans' relations with their gods were a fundamental part of Egyptian society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities The beings in ancient Egyptian tradition who might be labeled as deities are difficult to count. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities As Egyptian society grew more sophisticated, clearer signs of religious activity appeared. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities In Egyptian tradition, the world includes the earth, the sky, and the underworld. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities In Egyptian belief, names express the fundamental nature of the things to which they refer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities In different periods of Egyptian history, different gods were most frequently said to hold this exalted position. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Henotheism, Hornung says, describes Egyptian religion better than other labels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Egyptian texts often refer to deities' true, underlying forms as "mysterious". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities The gods are depicted in a finite number of these symbolic forms, so they can often be distinguished from one another by their iconographies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Egyptian gods were involved in human lives as well as in the overarching order of nature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Egyptian texts take different views on whether the gods are responsible when humans suffer unjustly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Instead, Greek and Roman gods were adopted as manifestations of Egyptian ones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Certain male deities are given heavy bellies and breasts, signifying either androgyny or prosperity and abundance. Whereas most male gods have red skin and most goddesses are yellow—the same colors used to depict Egyptian men and women—some are given unusual, symbolic skin colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities Whereas most male gods have red skin and most goddesses are yellow—the same colors used to depict Egyptian men and women—some are given unusual, symbolic skin colors. Thus, the blue skin and paunchy figure of the god Hapi alludes to the Nile flood he represents and the nourishing fertility it brought. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Egyptian deities He only shared the secret of his return with a small number of friends whose discretion and loyalty were well-known. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French campaign in Egypt and Syria The Egyptian Institute saw the construction of laboratories, libraries, and a printing press. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French campaign in Egypt and Syria I shall be able to unite all the wise and educated men of all the countries and establish a uniform regime based on the principles of the Quran which alone are true and which alone can lead men to happiness. " Bonaparte's secretary Bourienne wrote that his employer had no serious interest in Islam or any other religion beyond their political value. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French campaign in Egypt and Syria Renovation started in 1996, and the stadium was refurbished into the original construction of 1928. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The stadium also serves as the start and finish of the Amsterdam Marathon, held every October. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The Olympic Stadium was designed by architect Jan Wils, and is one of the finest examples of Amsterdamse School architecture, complementing the surrounding neighbourhood designed by H.P. Berlage. The design won the Olympic gold medal in the architecture competition at the 1928 Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) A maximum independent set is an independent set of largest possible size for a given graph --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) Every maximum independent set also is maximal, but the converse implication does not necessarily hold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) Hence the minimal number of colors needed in a vertex coloring, the chromatic number --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) Therefore, both numbers are proportional to powers of 1.324718..., the plastic number. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) If there are multiple maximum independent sets, only one need be output. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) The maximum independent set problem is NP-hard and it is also hard to approximate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) The optimization problem of finding such a set is called the maximum independent set problem. It is a strongly NP-hard problem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independent set (graph theory) The U.S. earned both silver and bronze medals in men's soccer at the 1904 St. Louis Summer Olympics through Christian Brothers College and St. Rose Parish, though the tournament is declared official only by the IOC (FIFA doesn't endorse tournaments held before 1908). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national soccer team Since 1995, American company Nike has been the uniform supplier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States men's national soccer team For enzymes with a single active site, kcat is referred to as the catalytic constant. It can be calculated from the maximum reaction rate --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Turnover number Troops were kept busy to prevent the men from being left idle in the camps. The trivial tasks that filled the soldiers live was an attempt to keep the men constantly engaged in useful tasks and not thinking about leaving. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Egyptian Army The exercises in the Sinai were part of a larger exercise that involved 35,000 men in total. Egypt conducted another Badr exercise, the largest military exercise since 1996 in 2014.Up until the end of the Cold War, Egyptian military participation in UN peacekeeping operations had been restricted to a battalion with ONUC in the Congo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Egyptian Army so defined is measurable, then it is called the maximum likelihood estimator. It is generally a function defined over the sample space, i.e. taking a given sample as its argument. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation of n is the number m on the drawn ticket. (The likelihood is 0 for n < m, 1⁄n for n ≥ m, and this is greatest when n = m. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation , is (n + 1)/2. As a result, with a sample size of 1, the maximum likelihood estimator for n will systematically underestimate n by (n − 1)/2. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation The coins have lost their labels, so which one it was is unknown. Using maximum likelihood estimation, the coin that has the largest likelihood can be found, given the data that were observed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation The solution that maximizes the likelihood is clearly p = 49⁄80 (since p = 0 and p = 1 result in a likelihood of 0). Thus the maximum likelihood estimator for p is 49⁄80. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation Mean squared error, a measure of how 'good' an estimator of a distributional parameter is (be it the maximum likelihood estimator or some other estimator) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum likelihood estimation The countries are ranked by the number of gold medals won by the athletes of that country. If countries are tied, first the number of silver medals is taken into consideration and then the number of bronze medals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table If countries are tied, first the number of silver medals is taken into consideration and then the number of bronze medals. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1928 Summer Olympics medal table Male officer's summer service uniforms usually consisted of a wash-and-wear cotton khaki uniforms like those of enlisted men, the main difference being that the shirts had shoulder straps added. However, for dress purposes officers also had the option of purchasing a khaki summer service uniform of tropical weight suiting fabric. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Army uniforms in World War II During World War II the first flight nurses uniform consisted of a blue wool battle dress jacket, blue wool trousers and a blue wool men's style maroon piped garrison cap. The uniform was worn with either the ANC light blue or white shirt and black tie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Army uniforms in World War II Byrd Cloth, as used in the Experimental Tropical Uniform, was a single-layer uniform of untreated OD long-staple Egyptian cotton, made in a tightly woven herringbone twill to prevent mosquito bites. In use, the uniform was intended to cool the wearer even when continuously wetted, as might be expected in a humid, rainy jungle environment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Army uniforms in World War II Each internal node of a B-tree contains a number of keys. The keys act as separation values which divide its subtrees. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree key nodes and moving the key that would have been in the middle to the parent node. Each split node has the required minimum number of keys. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree -key minimum for non-root nodes. A merger reduces the number of keys in the parent potentially forcing it to merge or redistribute keys with its siblings, and so on. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree By maximizing the number of keys within each internal node, the height of the tree decreases and the number of expensive node accesses is reduced. In addition, rebalancing of the tree occurs less often. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree The database remains in sorted order. If there are a large number of deletions, then searching and storage become less efficient. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree If U−1 is even, then U=2L−1, so there are 2L−2 elements in the node. Half of this number is L−1, which is the minimum number of elements allowed per node. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree If deleting an element from a node has brought it under the minimum size, then some elements must be redistributed to bring all nodes up to the minimum. Usually, the redistribution involves moving an element from a sibling node that has more than the minimum number of nodes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree Usually, the redistribution involves moving an element from a sibling node that has more than the minimum number of nodes. That redistribution operation is called a rotation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree Some operating systems require the user to allocate the maximum size of the file when the file is created. The file can then be allocated as contiguous disk blocks. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) B-tree The following is the Egyptian roster in the 2018 World Championship. Head coach: Mohamed Moselhy Ibrahim --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Egypt men's national volleyball team During the 18th century the normal military uniform in Europe comprised a standardised form of civilian dress (tricorn hat, long-skirted coat, waistcoat and breeches). One distinctively military feature were the long canvas gaiters which came up to mid-thigh and had multiple buttons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The Russian Army has retained a number of features, such as officers' epaulettes, high boots and long greatcoats with collar patches for all ranks, which can be traced back to Tsarist days. The dress uniform for officers is of the same distinctive blue/green colour as "Tsar's green", worn until 1914. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform Blues, though the second most used uniform, receive far less service than ABUs. Those performing duties not suited for the formal dress uniform may wear ABUs instead. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform The "uniform of the day," when referred to in a military sense, is the designated uniform all military personnel are required to wear on that particular day. It is often designated by the senior officer on the base. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Military uniform In preparation for the 1932 Summer Olympics, the United States Olympic Committee reviewed the costs and revenue of the 1928 Games. The committee reported a total cost of US$1.183 million with receipts of US$1.165 million, giving a negligible loss of US$18,000, which was a considerable improvement over the 1924 Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1928 Summer Olympics The last living competitor of the 1928 Summer Olympics was Clara Marangoni, a member of the silver medal-winning Italian gymnastic team who had been twelve years old during the Olympics. Marangoni died 18 January 2018, at the age of 102 as the oldest living Olympic medalist at the time of her death. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1928 Summer Olympics The mass sexual assault of women in public has been documented in Egypt since 2005, when Egyptian security forces and their agents were accused of using it as a weapon against female protesters during a political demonstration in Tahrir Square, Cairo on 25 May. The behavior spread, and by 2012 sexual assault by crowds of young men was seen at protests and festivals in Egypt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mass sexual assault in Egypt In these assaults, assailants would encircle a woman while outer rings of men deter rescuers. The attackers regularly pretended to be there to help the women, adding to the confusion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mass sexual assault in Egypt The attacks gained prominence outside Egypt in February 2011 when Lara Logan, a correspondent for the American network CBS, was sexually assaulted by hundreds of men in Tahrir Square, Cairo, while reporting on the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. By 2012, according to Al Akhbar, such attacks had become a "prominent feature" of religious festivals in Egypt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mass sexual assault in Egypt After the fall of Mubarak, there was rapid escalation, beginning with the attacks, on the night he stepped down, on Egyptian journalist Mona Eltahawy and South African journalist Lara Logan. Logan, a correspondent for CBS, was sexually assaulted for 30 minutes by around 200 men in Tahrir Square before being rescued by a group of Egyptian women and soldiers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mass sexual assault in Egypt The law was changed after a female law student at the Cairo University College of Law was sexually assaulted by a large group of men on campus in March 2014, and had to be escorted to safety by security guards. Egyptian Streets called the attention that followed the 2014 Cairo hotel gang rape case a #MeToo moment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mass sexual assault in Egypt One of these Palestinians was Yasser Arafat. He stayed on to serve as an adviser to Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Otto Skorzeny This sparked a heated debate within the IOC. At a 1951 meeting, the IOC decided to reinstate the competitions for the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The 1928 games introduced a town planning category. However, the division was not always clear, and some designs were awarded prizes in both categories. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics The literature competitions were divided into a varied number of categories. Until 1924 and again in 1932, there was only a single literature category. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art competitions at the Summer Olympics and route the flow on remaining edges accordingly, to obtain another maximum flow. If flow values can be any real or rational numbers, then there are infinitely many --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem (see Fig. 4.4.1). In this expanded network, the vertex capacity constraint is removed and therefore the problem can be treated as the original maximum flow problem. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem Schwartz proposed a method which reduces this problem to maximum network flow. In this method a network is created to determine whether team k is eliminated. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem There are some factories that produce goods and some villages where the goods have to be delivered. They are connected by a networks of roads with each road having a capacity c for maximum goods that can flow through it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem They are connected by a networks of roads with each road having a capacity c for maximum goods that can flow through it. The problem is to find if there is a circulation that satisfies the demand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem We connect pixel i to pixel j with weight pij. Now, it remains to compute a minimum cut in that network (or equivalently a maximum flow). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Maximum flow problem The day before the tournament began, on May 26, 1928 the FIFA congress in Amsterdam presided over by Jules Rimet, voted that a new FIFA World Cup tournament be organised in 1930 and be open to all member nations. Italy, Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain and Uruguay would all lodge applications to host the event. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics Most Egyptian deities represent natural or social phenomena. The gods were generally said to be immanent in these phenomena—to be present within nature. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities Gods were linked to specific regions of the universe. In Egyptian tradition, the world includes the earth, the sky, and the underworld. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities In Egyptian tradition, the world includes the earth, the sky, and the underworld. Surrounding them is the dark formlessness that existed before creation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities In Egyptian belief, names express the fundamental nature of the things to which they refer. In keeping with this belief, the names of deities often relate to their roles or origins. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities Egyptian deities are connected in a complex and shifting array of relationships. A god's connections and interactions with other deities helped define its character. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities The worship of the native gods was not swallowed up by that of foreign ones. Instead, Greek and Roman gods were adopted as manifestations of Egyptian ones. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Egyptian deities Alexandria was defended by Koraim Pasha and 500 men. However, after a rather lively shooting in the city, the defenders gave up and fled. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French campaign in Egypt and Syria The Egyptian Institute saw the construction of laboratories, libraries, and a printing press. The group worked prodigiously, and some of their discoveries were not finally cataloged until the 1820s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French campaign in Egypt and Syria The stadium was saved, however, when it was listed as a national monument. Renovation started in 1996, and the stadium was refurbished into the original construction of 1928. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) The stadium hosted several international matches of the Dutch national football team, the first one being the game against Uruguay (0–2) during the Summer Olympics on 30 May 1928. The last one was a friendly on 6 September 1989 against Denmark (2–2). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam) A set is independent if and only if it is a clique in the graph’s complement. The size of an independent set is the number of vertices it contains. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independent set (graph theory) The size of an independent set is the number of vertices it contains. Independent sets have also been called "internally stable sets", of which "stable set" is a shortening. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independent set (graph theory) corresponds to a partition of its vertex set into independent subsets. Hence the minimal number of colors needed in a vertex coloring, the chromatic number --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independent set (graph theory) If there are multiple maximum independent sets, only one need be output. This problem is sometimes referred to as "vertex packing". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independent set (graph theory) The Olympics became a full international tournament in 1984 after the IOC allowed full national teams from outside FIFA CONMEBOL & UEFA confederations. Ever since 1992 the men's Olympic event has been age-restricted, under 23 plus three overage players, and participation has been by the United States men's national under-23 soccer team. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States men's national soccer team
20305.	Q: Is the Coca-Cola vending machine at Nishiguchi Shopping Mall in Tokyo higher than the Festival Golf sign near Ueno Station? Title = Kamata Nishiguchi Shopping Mall by Retinafunk in Tokyo Description = Title = Shopping near Ueno station, Tokyo 2015 (19612182014) Description = A: No Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Las Vegas Strip, Shinjuku Station, Yokohama Station, Tokyo Ghoul, List of The Story Makers episodes, Oakville, Ontario, TV Tokyo, Tokyo!, Tokyo Revengers, Alex Horne, 3-Iron, Hidesaburō Ueno, Tokyo MX, Greater Tokyo Area, Ueno Park, Ueno–Tokyo Line, Keisei Ueno Station, Tokyo, Taitō, Hachikō, The Bad Batch (film), The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift, Index of Singapore-related articles, Festival Foods, Ueno, Sakai Station, Tokyo Tokyo, Dan Friedkin, Ueno Zoo, Tokyo Ueno Station (novel), 2020 Summer Olympics, Tyler, the Creator, Ueno Station, Moody Gardens Toggle details	Ueno Park and Ueno Station are also home to a large percentage of Tokyo's homeless population. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Ueno Ueno Station (上野駅, Ueno-eki) is a major railway station in Tokyo's Taitō ward. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ueno Station Showcase Mall is next to MGM Grand, and displays a 100-foot Coca-Cola bottle. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Las Vegas Strip Ueno Station is close to Keisei-Ueno Station, the Tokyo terminus of the Keisei Main Line to Narita Airport Station. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ueno Station Tokyo Ueno Station, by Yu Miri, English tr. by Morgan Giles (Tilted Axis, 2019. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ueno Station Beginning from Ueno Station, the project involved re-laying about 2.5 km of existing tracks that formerly linked the two stations until separated near Kanda Station to make room for the Tōhoku Shinkansen extension to Tokyo. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ueno–Tokyo Line Joban Line limited express services (Hitachi limited-stop and Tokiwa semi-fast) were extended south of Ueno via the Ueno–Tokyo Line, with most services terminating at Shinagawa Station. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ueno–Tokyo Line Keisei Ueno Station (京成上野駅, Keisei-Ueno-eki) is a railway station in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Keisei Ueno Station In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor at the Tokyo Imperial University, brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo, as his pet. Hachikō would meet Ueno at Shibuya Station every day after his commute home. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hachikō It is a five-minute walk from the Park Exit of Ueno Station, with convenient access from Tokyo's public-transportation network. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ueno Zoo In November 2020, Tokyo Ueno Station won the National Book Award for Translated Literature for the English translation by translator Morgan Giles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tokyo Ueno Station (novel) Hachikō is buried beside Ueno in Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hidesaburō Ueno It was renamed Keisei Ueno Station on 1 May 1953. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Keisei Ueno Station Hachikō would meet Ueno at Shibuya Station every day after his commute home. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hachikō In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor in the agriculture department at the Tokyo Imperial University, took Hachikō as a pet and brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo. Ueno would commute daily to work, and Hachikō would leave the house to greet him at the end of each day at the nearby Shibuya Station. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hachikō Ueno Station is the nearest train station and is operated by JR East. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ueno Tokyo Ueno Station (Japanese: JR上野駅公園口, Hepburn: JR Ueno-Eki Kōenguchi) is a 2014 novel by Zainichi Korean author Yū Miri. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Tokyo Ueno Station (novel) Tracks 5 to 9 on two island platforms and one side of a terminal platform lead to the Ueno-Tokyo Line to Tokyo Station and beyond on the Tokaido Main Line. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ueno Station Tokyo Ueno Station, by Yu Miri, English tr. by Morgan Giles (Tilted Axis, 2019. ISBN 978-1911284161 // Penguin Randomhouse, 2020. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ueno Station Shinjuku-sanchōme Station (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line, Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line, and Toei Shinjuku Line) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Shinjuku Station Hachikō is buried beside Ueno in Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo, Japan. A bronze statue commemorating the dog was set up in front of the Shibuya Station in 1934 a year before his death (March 8, 1935). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hidesaburō Ueno Although the connector between Ueno and Tokyo was only used for freight trains and forwarding at first, the Allied occupation forces ran passenger trains from Tokyo Station through the Tohoku Main Line following World War II, and this was followed by a number of through services from the 1950s until the 1970s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ueno–Tokyo Line It is the terminus of the Keisei Main Line and is a short distance from JR Ueno Station. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Keisei Ueno Station The station opened on 10 October 1933 as Ueno Kōen Station (上野公園駅). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Keisei Ueno Station Keisei Ueno Station (京成上野駅, Keisei-Ueno-eki) is a railway station in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway. It is the terminus of the Keisei Main Line and is a short distance from JR Ueno Station. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Keisei Ueno Station Jōban Line: Officially, the line begins at Nippori Station, although most trains start/terminate at Ueno Station --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Taitō In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor at the Tokyo Imperial University, brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo, as his pet. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hachikō Ueno would commute daily to work, and Hachikō would leave the house to greet him at the end of each day at the nearby Shibuya Station. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hachikō The image, which was captured in 1934 by a Tokyo bank employee, shows the dog relaxing by himself in front of Shibuya Station. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hachikō In 2013, Yaeko's record, which indicated that she had wanted to be buried with Ueno, was found by Sho Shiozawa, the professor of the University of Tokyo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hachikō Festival Foods also sponsors the Green Bay Marathon, Lifest, and Grocers on the Green Golf Outing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Festival Foods Ueno (上野) is a district in Tokyo's Taitō Ward, best known as the home of Ueno Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ueno It is Japan's oldest zoo, opening on March 20, 1882. It is a five-minute walk from the Park Exit of Ueno Station, with convenient access from Tokyo's public-transportation network. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ueno Zoo Shinjuku Station (新宿駅, Shinjuku-eki) is a major railway station in the Shinjuku and Shibuya wards in Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Shinjuku Station The dog continued to do so until his own death, nine years later. Hachikō is buried beside Ueno in Aoyama Cemetery, Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hidesaburō Ueno Tokyo Station has underground connections that stretch well over 4 kilometres (2.5 mi), and Shinjuku Station has well over 200 exits. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater Tokyo Area Ueno Park (上野公園, Ueno Kōen) is a spacious public park in the Ueno district of Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Park JR East built train turnback facilities at Shinagawa Station on the Tokaido Line, allowing through trains from Ueno to terminate there and return north. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line At present, the longest journey of the Ueno–Tokyo Line is the local train that runs between Atami and Kuroiso. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line The connection between Ueno and Tokyo was closed to passenger service in April 1973, and to freight service in January 1983; the portion of the line around Akihabara and Kanda was dismantled to provide a right-of-way to extend the Tohoku Shinkansen to Tokyo Station, with through services to Tokyo station commencing in 1991. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line Beginning from Ueno Station, the project involved re-laying about 2.5 km of existing tracks that formerly linked the two stations until separated near Kanda Station to make room for the Tōhoku Shinkansen extension to Tokyo. The gap was reconnected by a new 1.3 km top deck on the existing Shinkansen viaduct near Kanda Station with ramps at either end up from the existing formations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line Initially, up to 15 services per hour run during the morning peak, increased to 20 per hour in 2016. Joban Line limited express services (Hitachi limited-stop and Tokiwa semi-fast) were extended south of Ueno via the Ueno–Tokyo Line, with most services terminating at Shinagawa Station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line Joban Line limited express services (Hitachi limited-stop and Tokiwa semi-fast) were extended south of Ueno via the Ueno–Tokyo Line, with most services terminating at Shinagawa Station. At present, the longest journey of the Ueno–Tokyo Line is the local train that runs between Atami and Kuroiso. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno–Tokyo Line From then until his death on March 8, 1935, Hachikō would return to Shibuya Station every day to await Ueno's return. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hachikō Hachikō's fur, which was preserved after his death, was stuffed and mounted and is currently on permanent display at the National Science Museum of Japan in Ueno, Tokyo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hachikō Some racing events were filmed within the Hawthorne Mall parking lot in Los Angeles, as filming in Tokyo required permits the studio was unable to obtain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift Though nearly invisible in other parts of Tokyo, the homeless population in Ueno can be found sleeping or communing in large numbers around the "ike" (ponds) of this district. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno It is a five-minute walk from the Park Exit of Ueno Station, with convenient access from Tokyo's public-transportation network. The Ueno Zoo Monorail, the first monorail in the country, connects the eastern and western parts of the grounds. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Zoo A similar extension of conventional lines extended Takasaki Line, Utsunomiya Line and Joban Line services to Tokyo Station via the Ueno-Tokyo Line in March 2015, using existing little-used tracks and a new viaduct; the Ueno-Tokyo Line connects these lines with the Tokaido Main Line, allowing through services to Shinagawa, Yokohama, Odawara and Atami stations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Station In 1927, Tokyo Underground Railway (now Tokyo Metro) opened Japan's first subway line from here to Asakusa Station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Station Ueno Station (上野駅, Ueno-eki) is a major railway station in Tokyo's Taitō ward. It is the station used to reach the Ueno district and Ueno Park—which contains Tokyo National Museum, The National Museum of Western Art, Ueno Zoo, Tokyo University of the Arts and other famous cultural facilities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Station In 1927, Tokyo Underground Railway (now Tokyo Metro) opened Japan's first subway line from here to Asakusa Station. Following World War II, the neighbourhood in front of Ueno Station was a major center of black market activity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ueno Station While construction of the Ōmiya-Shinjuku link never started and the Jōetsu line presently terminates in Tokyo Station, the right of way, including an area underneath the station, remains reserved. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Shinjuku Station Shinjuku Station (新宿駅, Shinjuku-eki) is a major railway station in the Shinjuku and Shibuya wards in Tokyo, Japan. In Shinjuku, it is part of the Nishi-Shinjuku and Shinjuku districts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Shinjuku Station On May 18, 1928, the Tokyo Yokohama Railway (now the Tokyu Toyoko Line) extended from its former terminal of Kanagawa Station was connected to the station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Yokohama Station On March 9, 2015, the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo unveiled a bronze statue depicting Ueno returning to meet Hachikō at the University of Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hidesaburō Ueno In 1968 members of the Tokyo's ‘Shitamachi People Association’ put forward the idea of lighting the flame at the precinct of Tosho-gu shrine in Tokyo's Ueno Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Park Ueno Station opened nearby in 1883. After the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923, notices of missing persons were attached to the statue of Saigō Takamori. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Park Trains from the Utsunomiya Line, Takasaki Line, and Joban Line run non-stop between Ueno and Tokyo Station and continue on the Tokaido Line towards Shinagawa (all trains departed from the Joban Line terminate here), Yokohama, Ōfuna, Hiratsuka, Kōzu, Odawara, Atami, Numazu in the JR Central Tokaido Main Line and Ito in the Itō Line. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno–Tokyo Line A government panel recommendation in 2000 suggested restoring the connector between Ueno and Tokyo by 2015, and JR East officially announced the project on 27 March 2002. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno–Tokyo Line The station opened on 10 October 1933 as Ueno Kōen Station (上野公園駅). It was renamed Keisei Ueno Station on 1 May 1953. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Keisei Ueno Station Tokyo Station is the central hub for Japan's Shinkansen bullet train system, and the city is served by an extensive network of rail and subways. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tokyo A number of museums are located in Ueno Park: Tokyo National Museum, National Museum of Nature and Science, Shitamachi Museum and National Museum for Western Art, among others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tokyo In Ueno Park, there is the Tokyo National Museum, the country's largest museum and specializing in traditional Japanese art; the National Museum of Western Art and Ueno Zoo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tokyo In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor in the agriculture department at the Tokyo Imperial University, took Hachikō as a pet and brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hachikō After his death, Hachikō's remains were cremated and his ashes were buried in Aoyama Cemetery, Minato, Tokyo where they rest beside those of Hachikō's beloved master, Professor Ueno. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hachikō Hachikō would meet Ueno at Shibuya Station every day after his commute home. This continued until May 21, 1925, when Ueno died of a cerebral hemorrhage while at work. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hachikō Ueno would commute daily to work, and Hachikō would leave the house to greet him at the end of each day at the nearby Shibuya Station. The pair continued the daily routine until May 21, 1925, when Ueno did not return. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hachikō Some racing events were filmed within the Hawthorne Mall parking lot in Los Angeles, as filming in Tokyo required permits the studio was unable to obtain. They instead used street lights and multiple props to help recreate Tokyo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift Ueno is part of the historical Shitamachi (literally "low city") district of Tokyo, a working class area rather than where the aristocrats and rich merchants lived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno At some point, redistribution of the animals among Tokyo's other zoos (including Tama Zoo and Inokashira Nature Park) left Ueno without a lion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Zoo Following World War II, the neighbourhood in front of Ueno Station was a major center of black market activity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Station Through tracks 1 to 4 on two island platforms on the main level are used by Yamanote Line and Keihin-Tohoku Line trains. Tracks 5 to 9 on two island platforms and one side of a terminal platform lead to the Ueno-Tokyo Line to Tokyo Station and beyond on the Tokaido Main Line. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Station Tracks 5 to 9 on two island platforms and one side of a terminal platform lead to the Ueno-Tokyo Line to Tokyo Station and beyond on the Tokaido Main Line. Tracks 10 to 12 terminate inside the building, and below these on a lower deck are further terminal tracks 13 to 17 (Track No.18 has been removed). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ueno Station Her record was later found by Sho Shiozawa, the professor of the University of Tokyo in 2013, who was also the president of the Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering, which manages Ueno's grave at Aoyama Cemetery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hidesaburō Ueno Shiozawa also went on as one of the organizers involved with the creation of bronze statue of Hachikō and Ueno which was later unveiled on the grounds of the University of Tokyo on the 80th anniversary of Hachikō's death on March 9, 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hidesaburō Ueno Ueno Park (上野公園, Ueno Kōen) is a spacious public park in the Ueno district of Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. The park was established in 1873 on lands formerly belonging to the temple of Kan'ei-ji. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Park This flame was later merged with a flame started in Nagasaki. In 1968 members of the Tokyo's ‘Shitamachi People Association’ put forward the idea of lighting the flame at the precinct of Tosho-gu shrine in Tokyo's Ueno Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Park As well as the first art museum in Japan, the park had the first zoo, first tram, first May Day celebrations (in 1920), and staged a number of industrial expositions. Ueno Station opened nearby in 1883. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Park The Ueno–Tokyo Line (Japanese: 上野東京ライン, Japanese pronunciation: [Ueno–Tōkyō Rain]), formerly known as the Tōhoku Through Line (Japanese: 東北縦貫線, Japanese pronunciation: [Tōhoku-Jūkan-sen]) is a railway line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East), linking the Ueno Station and the Tokyo Station, extending the services of the Utsunomiya Line, the Takasaki Line, and the Joban Line southward and onto the Tokaido Main Line and vice versa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno–Tokyo Line The Tokyo Metro Ginza Line portion between Ueno and Asakusa was the first subway line built in Japan and East Asia completed on December 30, 1927. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo Recent projects include Ebisu Garden Place, Tennōzu Isle, Shiodome, Roppongi Hills, Shinagawa (now also a Shinkansen station), and the Marunouchi side of Tokyo Station. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo The "three central wards" of Tokyo – Chiyoda, Chūō and Minato – are the business core of the city, with a daytime population more than seven times higher than their nighttime population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo A number of museums are located in Ueno Park: Tokyo National Museum, National Museum of Nature and Science, Shitamachi Museum and National Museum for Western Art, among others. There are also artworks and statues at several places in the park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo Tokyo has many museums. In Ueno Park, there is the Tokyo National Museum, the country's largest museum and specializing in traditional Japanese art; the National Museum of Western Art and Ueno Zoo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo On March 9, 2015, the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo unveiled a bronze statue depicting Ueno returning to meet Hachikō at the University of Tokyo, Japan to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Hachikō's death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hachikō Shiozawa also went on as one of the organizers involved with the erection of bronze statue of Hachikō and Ueno which was unveiled on the grounds of the University of Tokyo on March 9, 2015 to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Hachikō's death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hachikō Hachikō was born on November 10, 1923, at a farm near the city of Ōdate, Akita Prefecture. In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor at the Tokyo Imperial University, brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo, as his pet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hachikō This continued until May 21, 1925, when Ueno died of a cerebral hemorrhage while at work. From then until his death on March 8, 1935, Hachikō would return to Shibuya Station every day to await Ueno's return. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hachikō Metcalfe accused Festival of "intentional, deliberate and willful" violations of trademark laws, since Metcalfe applied for a trademark on its "Wisconsin Food Miles" road sign as compared to Festival's "Locally Grown" road sign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Festival Foods Metcalfe accused Festival of "intentional, deliberate and willful" violations of trademark laws, since Metcalfe applied for a trademark on its "Wisconsin Food Miles" road sign as compared to Festival's "Locally Grown" road sign. Festival said that it would fight the suit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Festival Foods Proceeds from the event go to the YMCA and the Boys and Girls Clubs of America. Festival Foods also sponsors the Green Bay Marathon, Lifest, and Grocers on the Green Golf Outing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Festival Foods Festival Foods also sponsors the Green Bay Marathon, Lifest, and Grocers on the Green Golf Outing. In 2021 Festival Foods partnered with Hormel Foods to donate 7,000 lbs of ham to help feed homeless people in Milwaukee. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Festival Foods Ueno is also home to some of Tokyo's finest cultural sites, including the Tokyo National Museum, the National Museum of Western Art, and the National Museum of Nature and Science, as well as a major public concert hall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno The Ueno Zoo (恩賜上野動物園, Onshi Ueno Dōbutsuen) is a 14.3-hectare (35-acre) zoo, managed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, and located in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Zoo The novel reflects the author's engagement with historical memory and margins by incorporating themes of a migrant laborer from northeastern Japan and his work on Olympic construction sites in Tokyo, as well as the 11 March 2011 disaster. In November 2020, Tokyo Ueno Station won the National Book Award for Translated Literature for the English translation by translator Morgan Giles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tokyo Ueno Station (novel) A cultural programme known as Nippon Festival was scheduled to coincide with the Olympics and Paralympics, running from April to September 2021 as a series of streaming events held by the Tokyo Organizing Committee and other partners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Summer Olympics It is the station used to reach the Ueno district and Ueno Park—which contains Tokyo National Museum, The National Museum of Western Art, Ueno Zoo, Tokyo University of the Arts and other famous cultural facilities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Station A major commuter hub, it is also the traditional terminus for long-distance trains from northern Japan, although with the extension of the Shinkansen lines to Tokyo Station this role has diminished in recent years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Station Following World War II, the neighbourhood in front of Ueno Station was a major center of black market activity. Today, that market is gathering people as a name of Ameya-Yokochō. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ueno Station The city of Yokohama and the Ministry of Railways agreed in February 1924 that the station would be relocated. On May 18, 1928, the Tokyo Yokohama Railway (now the Tokyu Toyoko Line) extended from its former terminal of Kanagawa Station was connected to the station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Yokohama Station On May 18, 1928, the Tokyo Yokohama Railway (now the Tokyu Toyoko Line) extended from its former terminal of Kanagawa Station was connected to the station. The extension line passed through the construction site of the new Yokohama Station of the government railways. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Yokohama Station On March 9, 2015, the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo unveiled a bronze statue depicting Ueno returning to meet Hachikō at the University of Tokyo, Japan. The statue was sculpted by Tsutomo Ueda from Nagoya and depicts a very excited Hachikō jumping up to greet his master at the end of a workday. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hidesaburō Ueno Stations are designed to accommodate hundreds of thousands of passengers at any given time, with miles of connecting tunnels linking vast department stores and corporate offices. Tokyo Station has underground connections that stretch well over 4 kilometres (2.5 mi), and Shinjuku Station has well over 200 exits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater Tokyo Area At present, the longest journey of the Ueno–Tokyo Line is the local train that runs between Atami and Kuroiso. The total length is 267.9 km and the journey time is about 4 hours 40~45 minutes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ueno–Tokyo Line Tokyo is an international center of research and development and is represented by several major universities, notably the University of Tokyo. Tokyo Station is the central hub for Japan's Shinkansen bullet train system, and the city is served by an extensive network of rail and subways. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tokyo Tokyo still sees new urban developments on large lots of less profitable land. Recent projects include Ebisu Garden Place, Tennōzu Isle, Shiodome, Roppongi Hills, Shinagawa (now also a Shinkansen station), and the Marunouchi side of Tokyo Station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tokyo To pay for the added administrative costs, the prefecture collects municipal taxes, which would usually be levied by the city. The "three central wards" of Tokyo – Chiyoda, Chūō and Minato – are the business core of the city, with a daytime population more than seven times higher than their nighttime population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tokyo Hachikō, a white Akita, was born on November 10, 1923 at a farm located in Ōdate, Akita Prefecture, Japan. In 1924, Hidesaburō Ueno, a professor in the agriculture department at the Tokyo Imperial University, took Hachikō as a pet and brought him to live in Shibuya, Tokyo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō After his death, Hachikō's remains were cremated and his ashes were buried in Aoyama Cemetery, Minato, Tokyo where they rest beside those of Hachikō's beloved master, Professor Ueno. Hachikō's fur, which was preserved after his death, was stuffed and mounted and is currently on permanent display at the National Science Museum of Japan in Ueno, Tokyo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō On March 9, 2015, the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo unveiled a bronze statue depicting Ueno returning to meet Hachikō at the University of Tokyo, Japan to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Hachikō's death. The statue was sculpted by Tsutomu Ueda from Nagoya and depicts a very excited Hachikō jumping up to greet his master at the end of a workday. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō In 2013, Yaeko's record, which indicated that she had wanted to be buried with Ueno, was found by Sho Shiozawa, the professor of the University of Tokyo. Shiozawa was also the president of the Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering, which manages Ueno's grave at Aoyama Cemetery. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō However, due to regulations and bureaucracy, the process took about 2 years. Shiozawa also went on as one of the organizers involved with the erection of bronze statue of Hachikō and Ueno which was unveiled on the grounds of the University of Tokyo on March 9, 2015 to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Hachikō's death. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō In the film Scooby-Doo! and the Samurai Sword (2009), the Mystery Inc gang comes across Hachikō's statue at Shibuya Station when they visit Tokyo, with their Japanese guide Miyumi telling Hachikō's story to them, inspiring Scooby Doo with the hopes of acquiring his own statue, which comes true at the end of the film. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hachikō Tanner Foust, Rich Rutherford, Calvin Wan and Alex Pfeiffer were also brought in as none of Universal's own stunt drivers could drift. Some racing events were filmed within the Hawthorne Mall parking lot in Los Angeles, as filming in Tokyo required permits the studio was unable to obtain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift Ueno (上野) is a district in Tokyo's Taitō Ward, best known as the home of Ueno Park. Ueno is also home to some of Tokyo's finest cultural sites, including the Tokyo National Museum, the National Museum of Western Art, and the National Museum of Nature and Science, as well as a major public concert hall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ueno The Ueno Zoo (恩賜上野動物園, Onshi Ueno Dōbutsuen) is a 14.3-hectare (35-acre) zoo, managed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, and located in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. It is Japan's oldest zoo, opening on March 20, 1882. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ueno Zoo At some point, redistribution of the animals among Tokyo's other zoos (including Tama Zoo and Inokashira Nature Park) left Ueno without a lion. However, in response to public demand, Ueno borrowed a female from the Yokohama Municipal Zoo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ueno Zoo After the destruction of this first building in the fires caused by the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Japanese Government Railways constructed the current station buildings. In 1927, Tokyo Underground Railway (now Tokyo Metro) opened Japan's first subway line from here to Asakusa Station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ueno Station
19814.	Q: What kinds of items are sold at The Original Trading Post in Santa Fe? Title = Santa Fe, New Mexico 143 Description = A: Beadwork, baskets, pottery, and rugs. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Hyundai Santa Fe, Santa Fe, 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge, Bordeaux Trading Post, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Lorenzo Hubbell Trading Post and Warehouse, Jack Rabbit Trading Post, Santa Fe Trail, Rosario, Santa Fe, Navarre–Anderson Trading Post, Independiente Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina, Trading Post (newspaper), BNSF Railway, Fry's Trading Post, Chimayo Trading Post and E.D. Trujillo House, Trading post, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, Garden of the Gods Trading Post, Santa Fe Province Toggle details	It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.It has also been known as "The Original" Chimayo Trading Post. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Chimayo Trading Post and E.D. Trujillo House I can hardly imagine how Santa Fe is supported. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Trading Post was referenced in the 1997 Australian movie, The Castle. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Trading Post (newspaper) In the domestic Korean market, this facelifted model was named "Santa Fe The Prime". --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Hyundai Santa Fe The oldest preserved locomotive of the Santa Fe, although not as originally configured. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Horse racing events were held at The Downs at Santa Fe from 1971 until 1997. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city of Santa Fe is a charter city. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is served by the Santa Fe Municipal Airport. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Santa Fe, New Mexico I can hardly imagine how Santa Fe is supported. The country around it is barren. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Santa Fe, New Mexico From Watrous, the reunited branches continued southward to Santa Fe. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Santa Fe Trail Since then, Santa Fe has had a successful period. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Independiente Santa Fe It has also been known as Bonner-Fry Trading Post. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Fry's Trading Post As of 2019, the Santa Fe has been slotted between the Tucson and the Palisade. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe received its final facelift for 2005. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe According to research, the Santa Fe is the least expensive vehicle to insure. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe only received minor changes for 2012: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe In 2019, the Santa Fe XL was replaced by the Palisade. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe The facelifted Santa Fe is claimed to be built on a newer platform. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyundai Santa Fe After the mainline of the railroad bypassed Santa Fe, it lost population. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Santa Fe, New Mexico The San Juan setting is very loosely based on Santa Fe. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Santa Fe, New Mexico Rosario is located in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Rosario, Santa Fe Santa Fe advanced to the Finals with 14 points. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Independiente Santa Fe Railway stations in the city of Santa Fe are: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Santa Fe, Argentina 2 Granted in concession to the Municipality of Santa Fe that remodelled it completely. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Santa Fe, Argentina The base Santa Fe was discontinued that time, making way for the Tucson. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe The last year of this Santa Fe saw few changes. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe For 2008, only minor changes were applied to the Santa Fe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe 2009 saw only minor changes for the Santa Fe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe Only minor changes were applied to the Santa Fe for 2011. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe In some markets, the long-wheelbase Santa Fe is also marketed as the Grand Santa Fe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hyundai Santa Fe A branch line was completed from Lamy to Santa Fe in 1880. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Santa Fe, New Mexico They contributed to the founding of the annual Santa Fe Indian Market. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe has many museums located near the downtown Plaza: --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Santa Fe, New Mexico What was known as the Texan Santa Fe Expedition encountered many difficulties. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Santa Fe Trail Travelers faced many hardships along the Santa Fe Trail. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Santa Fe Trail In the Semifinals, Santa Fe faced Brazilian club Palmeiras. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe The first match ended in a 1–0 win for Santa Fe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe However, Nacional got a comeback with a 2–0 win, thus eliminating Santa Fe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe In the Torneo Finalización, Santa Fe was first with 31 points. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe placed first in the group, advancing to the Finals where they faced Independiente Medellín. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe There, Santa Fe was eliminated by Cortuluá with an aggregate score of 2–3. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe's supporters traditionally tend to sit in the southernmost half of the stadium. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Independiente Santa Fe In 1879, the A&P struck a deal with the Santa Fe and the Frisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1928, Santa Fe sold its half of the NWP to SP. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway For the 2017 model, both the LWB Santa Fe and Santa Fe Sport has received a facelift with restyled headlights and taillights. In the domestic Korean market, this facelifted model was named "Santa Fe The Prime". --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Hyundai Santa Fe They play their home games at Fort Marcy Park. Horse racing events were held at The Downs at Santa Fe from 1971 until 1997. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Santa Fe, New Mexico Demand for the Santa Fe continued to be up but owners had several suggested changes for Hyundai. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hyundai Santa Fe In total, these options ran $1900, pushing the Santa Fe's total asking price to nearly $30,000. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hyundai Santa Fe Hyundai launched a redesign of the Santa Fe on February 14, 2012. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hyundai Santa Fe The Bordeaux Trading Post near Chadron, Nebraska was built during 1845–46 by James Bordeaux. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bordeaux Trading Post The Spanish phrase "Santa Fe" is translated as "Holy Faith" in English. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, New Mexico By the 20th century the Santa Fe River was a seasonal waterway. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, New Mexico The writers and artists formed the Old Santa Fe Association and defeated the plan. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, New Mexico Performance Santa Fe, formerly the Santa Fe Concert Association, is the oldest presenting organization in Santa Fe. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city of Santa Fe is a charter city. It is governed by a mayor-council system. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe Trail Museum, part of the Trinidad History Museum --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe Trail The province of Santa Fe suffered greatly from the civil war that afflicted Argentina after 1820. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Rosario, Santa Fe Santa Fe has a fierce rivalry with Millonarios who share the same stadium. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe That year Santa Fe played in the first division of the A.D.B., which was canceled in the middle of that year. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe In 1958, Santa Fe got its second title after finishing first with 48 points. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe There Santa Fe eliminated Once Caldas with an aggregate score of 5–3. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2016 Torneo Apertura, Santa Fe placed fourth, advancing to the next round. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe advanced to the Finals with 14 points. Santa Fe faced Deportivo Pasto in the Finals. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Independiente Santa Fe The third largest city in Argentina is Rosario, also located in Santa Fe Province. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe, Argentina Fry's Trading Post, near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, was built in 1876. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Fry's Trading Post The Santa Fe operated a large and varying fleet of steam locomotives. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It is the second oldest locomotive from the Santa Fe that is preserved close to its original appearance. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Constitution of Santa Fe Province forms the formal law of the province. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe Province It has always been considered the highest literary figure of the city of Santa Fe Esperanza. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Santa Fe Province The Santa Fe quickly became Hyundai's best seller and contributed to Hyundai's success in the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe Hyundai continued to post sales records with the Santa Fe as it rolled into 2004 with very minor changes. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe In Malaysia, Hyundai Santa Fe is available as a Complete knock down model rebadged as Inokom Santa Fe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe topped the “20 least expensive 2009 vehicles to insure” list by Insure.com. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe Sport went on sale in June 2012 as a 2013 model. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe features "T-shaped" LED lights that merge into a newer and wider "cascading" grille. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe According to research, the Santa Fe is the least expensive vehicle to insure. Low rates tend to reflect a vehicle's safety. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyundai Santa Fe Known as the Texan Santa Fe Expedition, the force was poorly prepared and was easily captured by the New Mexican military. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico Neither was sufficient to offset the negative effects of Santa Fe's having been bypassed by the main railroad route. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Opera stages its productions between late June and late August each year. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico Also in July and August, the Santa Fe Desert Chorale holds its summer festival. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's rodeo, the Rodeo De Santa Fe, is held annually the last week of June. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico In its earliest alignment (1926–1937), U.S. Route 66 ran through Santa Fe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico Passengers transiting Lamy may use a special connecting coach/van service to reach Santa Fe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, New Mexico Independence (Santa Fe trail Ruts, Lower Independence (Blue Mills) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe Trail Getting this title, Santa Fe became the second Colombian club appearing at the Copa Libertadores. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe In that tournament, Santa Fe was placed in the Preliminary Round with Ecuadorian club Barcelona. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe In the next round, Santa Fe eliminated Bolivian club Jorge Wilstermann. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe The home leg was a 2–2 draw, but Santa Fe lost 4–1 in the away leg. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe was second in the First Stage of the tournament with 29 points. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2014 Torneo Apertura, Santa Fe was fourth on the First Stage, advancing to Quarterfinals. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe got its first international title in the 2015 Copa Sudamericana. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe Although historically the uniform of Santa Fe has been red and white, the club has used other colors in its uniform. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe Its capacity is 36,343. Santa Fe's supporters traditionally tend to sit in the southernmost half of the stadium. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Independiente Santa Fe Despite of having had four railway stations, nowadays the city Santa Fe is not served by rail transport. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, Argentina On the other hand, the Santa Fe Belgrano station was re-opened as a convention center. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, Argentina The games were played in the Estadio de la Facultad Regional Santa Fe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, Argentina It was demolished in 1962 and replaced by a bus station. Railway stations in the city of Santa Fe are: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, Argentina 2 Granted in concession to the Municipality of Santa Fe that remodelled it completely. The station re-opened as a convention center. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe, Argentina Burlington Northern Santa Fe Manitoba, a subsidiary of BNSF, located in Winnipeg, Manitoba --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) BNSF Railway Despite being chartered to serve the city, the railroad chose to bypass Santa Fe, due to the engineering challenges of the mountainous terrain. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe Pacific Corporation (a name correlation of Santa Fe and Southern Pacific) was to develop the properties. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Occasionally, a special train was chartered to make a high-profile run over the Santa Fe's track. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe employed several distinctive wayside and crossing signal styles. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It is waiting to be moved to the Santa Fe Southern Railway in Santa Fe for future restoration to operating condition. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Manufacturing in Santa Fe represents 18% of its economy and is also among the top in Argentina. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Santa Fe Province The LX trim level was renamed 'Limited' and got a corresponding tailgate badge, a first for the Santa Fe of any trim level. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe The new 2006 Santa Fe went on sale in South Korea in late 2005. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe Body lean in turns, a problem with the previous generation, has been reduced in the new Santa Fe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe Newly standard on the latest iteration of the Santa Fe are all the safety features the previous model lacked or charged as extra. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe blue Hybrid uses a 270 V lithium polymer battery. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe The 2013 Santa Fe Sport models arrives with an all four-cylinder engine lineup. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe For the 2017 model, both the LWB Santa Fe and Santa Fe Sport has received a facelift with restyled headlights and taillights. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyundai Santa Fe One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 CE. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Tanoans and other Pueblo peoples settled along the Santa Fe River for its water and transportation. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico As railroads were extended into the West, Santa Fe was originally envisioned as an important stop on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico In the early 20th century, Santa Fe became a base for numerous writers and artists. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico He began the Santa Fe Fiesta in 1919 and the Southwest Indian Fair in 1922 (now known as the Indian Market). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1945, four internees were seriously injured when violence broke out between the internees and guards in an event known as the Santa Fe Riot. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico However, "in the rush to pueblofy" Santa Fe, the city lost a great deal of its architectural history and eclecticism. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico Walker Percy lived on a dude ranch outside of Santa Fe before returning to Louisiana to begin his literary career. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Magazine has been the arts magazine of Santa Fe since its founding by Guy Cross in 1992. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Indian School is an off-reservation school for Native Americans. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico The San Juan setting is very loosely based on Santa Fe. It has New Mexico flags all over the roads. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Trail was a transportation route opened by the Spaniards at the end of the 18th century. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Trail In 1841, a small military and trading expedition departed from Austin, Texas for Santa Fe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Trail Inside Kansas, the AT&SF roadbed roughly paralleled the Santa Fe Trail west of Topeka as it expanded between 1868 and 1874. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Trail MissouriArrow Rock (Arrow Rock Landing, Santa Fe Spring, Huston Tavern) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Trail From Watrous, the reunited branches continued southward to Santa Fe. Part of this route has been designated a National Scenic Byway. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Trail The section between National Route 9 and the exit to Santa Fe (the state capital) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Rosario, Santa Fe The airport covers an area of 550 hectares (1359 acres) and is operated by the Province of Santa Fe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Rosario, Santa Fe Independiente Santa Fe was officially founded on February 28, 1941 as an amateur football team. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Independiente Santa Fe The first match ended in a 1–1 draw and the second was a 1–0 victory for Santa Fe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe have a fierce rivalry with intercity team Millonarios, who also play in the same stadium as them. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Independiente Santa Fe During this match Millonarios fans ubicate themselves in the northern part of the stadium much like Santa Fe's in the south. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Independiente Santa Fe The first match ended in a 1–0 win for Santa Fe. However, Nacional got a comeback with a 2–0 win, thus eliminating Santa Fe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Independiente Santa Fe Adelaide Trading Post (8 August 1985 – 27 May 1993) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Trading Post (newspaper) On the front was a new logo, placing "Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway" in the Santa Fe cross. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) BNSF Railway The AT&SF was the subject of a popular song, Harry Warren and Johnny Mercer's "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe", written for the film The Harvey Girls (1946). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Among them was the 2-10-2 "Santa Fe", originally built for the railroad by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1903. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It was formerly located at the then-new Oklahoma State Fairgrounds, following its donation from the Santa Fe to the people of Oklahoma in 1953. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It is the only surviving steam locomotive from the Santa Fe with a 2-10-2 wheel arrangement. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In later years, Santa Fe adapted the scheme to its gas-electric "doodlebug" units. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Several experimental and commemorative paint schemes emerged during the Santa Fe's diesel era. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Source: Pelouze, Richard W. (1997). Trademarks of the Santa Fe Railway. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Garden of the Gods Trading Post is a historic site in Manitou Springs, Colorado. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Garden of the Gods Trading Post Since 1970, Rosario has been chosen by internal migrants, mainly from the north of Santa Fe and the northern provinces. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Santa Fe Province It is named after the city of Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was introduced for the 2001 model year as Hyundai's first SUV. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe Between 2006 and 2012, the Santa Fe fell between the slightly smaller compact crossover Tucson and the larger, yet related Veracruz. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe In its first year in production, the Santa Fe was offered with one of two engine and transmission combinations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The Inokom Santa Fe is only available in CRDi 2.2-liter I4 Diesel and 2.7-liter V6. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe A mid-cycle refresh designed in Germany for the Santa Fe was implemented for the 2010 model year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The Second-generation Santa Fe earned "Top Safety Pick" award by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The short-wheelbase version is marketed as the Santa Fe Sport in North America, and simply Santa Fe in other regions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The 2013 Santa Fe Sport went on sale in September 2012 for the North American market. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe Sport has Hyundai's Torque Vectoring Cornering Control feature for upgraded drive performance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe In March 2013, the Santa Fe long-wheelbase variant was available in South Korea as the Maxcruz. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The fourth-generation Santa Fe is a two-row SUV which succeeds the previous Santa Fe Sport model. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The new Santa Fe arrived in North American dealerships starting in the summer of 2018 as a 2019 model. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe A diesel fuel version of the Santa Fe was intended for the United States for the 2019 model year, but was cancelled before launch. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe On June 3, 2020, Hyundai revealed the facelifted Santa Fe for the 2021 model year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe 2009 saw only minor changes for the Santa Fe. New mirror indicators were introduced, except on US-built models. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe topped the “20 least expensive 2009 vehicles to insure” list by Insure.com. According to research, the Santa Fe is the least expensive vehicle to insure. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyundai Santa Fe The Trading Post Perth Challenge was the fourth event of the 2011 International V8 Supercars Championship. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge The name of the city of Santa Fe means "Holy Faith" in Spanish, and the city's full name as founded remains La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís ("The Royal Town of the Holy Faith of Saint Francis of Assisi"). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico However, due to the large amounts of tourism and immigration into Santa Fe, an English pronunciation of SAN-tuh-FAY is also commonly used. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The area of Santa Fe was originally occupied by indigenous Tanoan peoples, who lived in numerous Pueblo villages along the Rio Grande. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe was Spain's provincial seat at outbreak of the Mexican War of Independence in 1810. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1841, a small military and trading expedition set out from Austin, intending to take control of the Santa Fe Trail. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe National Cemetery was created by the federal government after the war in 1870 to inter the Union soldiers who died fighting there. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico On October 21, 1887, Anton Docher, "The Padre of Isleta", went to New Mexico where he was ordained as a priest in the St Francis Cathedral of Santa Fe by Bishop Jean-Baptiste Salpointe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico After a few years serving in Santa Fe, Bernalillo and Taos, he moved to Isleta on December 28, 1891. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The first airplane to fly over Santa Fe was piloted by Rose Dugan, carrying Vera von Blumenthal as passenger. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1912, New Mexico was admitted as the United States of America's 47th state, with Santa Fe as its capital. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe site was used next to hold German and Italian nationals, who were considered enemy aliens after the outbreak of war. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's climate is characterized by cool, dry winters, hot summers, and relatively low precipitation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe contains a lively contemporary art scene, with Meow Wolf as its main art collective. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Each Wednesday the alternative weekly newspaper, the Santa Fe Reporter, publishes information on the arts and culture of Santa Fe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe has its own professional ballet company, Aspen Santa Fe Ballet, which performs in both cities and tours nationally and internationally. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Site Santa Fe – a contemporary art spaceSeveral other museums are located in the area known as Museum Hill: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Roadrunners were a North American Hockey League team, but moved to Kansas to become the Topeka Roadrunners. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico In May 2012 Santa Fe became the home of the Santa Fe Fuego of the Pecos League of Professional Baseball Clubs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's ski resort, Ski Santa Fe, is about 16 mi (26 km) northeast of the city. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Since December 2012, Great Lakes Airlines has offered twice daily flight service between Santa Fe and Denver. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Prior to the Rail Runner's extension to Santa Fe, Park and Ride operated commuter coach service between Albuquerque and Santa Fe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Southern line is one of the United States' few rails with trails. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico Multi-use bicycle, pedestrian, and equestrian trails are increasingly popular in Santa Fe, for both recreation and commuting. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico He wrote an ethnological article published in The Santa Fé Magazine in June 1913, in which he describes early 20th century life in the Pueblos. As railroads were extended into the West, Santa Fe was originally envisioned as an important stop on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city had become "different". However, "in the rush to pueblofy" Santa Fe, the city lost a great deal of its architectural history and eclecticism. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, New Mexico The road route is commemorated today by the National Park Service as the Santa Fe National Historic Trail. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail Manufactured goods were hauled from the state of Missouri in the United States to Santa Fe, which was in the northern Mexican state of Nuevo Mexico. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail Cargo mule trains were run from Fort Bernard in Wyoming to the Santa Fe Trail at Fort Bent in Colorado . --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail By 1843, traders from New Mexico and Chihuahua had become the majority of traders involved in the traffic of goods over the Santa Fe Trail. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail Their intention was to persuade the people of Santa Fe and New Mexico to relinquish control over the territory under dispute with Mexico, and over associated Santa Fe Trail commerce. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail New Mexico governor Manuel Armijo led Mexican troops out of Santa Fe to protect incoming caravans. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail In 1825, Congress voted for federal protection for the Santa Fe Trail, even though much of it lay in the Mexican territory. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail In Colorado, Santa Fe Trail Mountain Route – Bent's New Fort is included on the National Register. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Trail Rosario (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈsaɾjo]) is the largest city in the central Argentina province of Santa Fe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe The area was still so scarcely populated that it had no central authority; it was ruled from the provincial capital (Santa Fe), and in turn from Buenos Aires. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe During this period, Rosario was a small settlement and a stop on the way from the city of Santa Fe to Buenos Aires. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe The complex faces Belgrano Avenue, and is delimited by Córdoba and Santa Fe Streets, the latter of which slopes down towards the river at this point. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe Trenes de Buenos Aires (TBA) ran weekly trains south to Retiro in Buenos Aires and north to Santa Fe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe It directly services the area of Santa Fe that produces a large portion of Argentine exports, and indirectly the whole Mercosur trade bloc. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe The province of Santa Fe suffered greatly from the civil war that afflicted Argentina after 1820. Demographic growth was relatively slow. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rosario, Santa Fe Santa Fe was at first going to be a team based on ex-students of Gimnasio Moderno, but later incorporated players from other schools. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe finished the league as the first champion of the Colombian first division, winning 12 of 18 games, drew 3 and also lost 3. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Next year Santa Fe was third, five points behind the champion, local rivals Millonarios. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe The first match was a 3–0 victory for Santa Fe and the second game was a 2–2 draw. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe's first success in the 2000s came late, when the team won the Copa Colombia, beating Deportivo Pasto in the Finals. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe got its seventh league title in the 2012 Torneo Apertura, 37 years after its last league title. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe won the first match and drew in the second, with an aggregate score of 3–2, winning its 8th title. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe's Wilson Morelo tied with three footballers as top goalscorers of the tournament with five goals. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe The first badge of Santa Fe was designed by Ernesto Gamboa and Gonzalo Rueda with a clear British influence. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe In 1951, the year that Santa Fe begins to use it to its home games, the stadium expanded its capacity to 39,000 spectators. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe In 1958, Santa Fe got its second title after finishing first with 48 points. They got its third title just two after years with 61 points. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe In the Semifinals, they were grouped with Boyacá Chicó, Itagüí and La Equidad. Santa Fe advanced to the Finals with 14 points. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe There Santa Fe eliminated Once Caldas with an aggregate score of 5–3. In the Semifinals, the team faced Atlético Nacional. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe In the Semifinals, the team faced Atlético Nacional. The first match ended in a 1–0 win for Santa Fe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe However, Nacional got a comeback with a 2–0 win, thus eliminating Santa Fe. In the Torneo Finalización, Santa Fe was first with 31 points. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2016 Torneo Apertura, Santa Fe placed fourth, advancing to the next round. There, Santa Fe was eliminated by Cortuluá with an aggregate score of 2–3. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz has about 391,164 inhabitants per the 2010 census [INDEC]. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, Argentina The fourth station (also the oldest of all) had been built by French company Province of Santa Fe Railway in 1885. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, Argentina Nevertheless, the original project was not carried out. On the other hand, the Santa Fe Belgrano station was re-opened as a convention center. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe, Argentina The Trading Post was a classified advertisement newspaper first published in Melbourne in 1966, named for the generic concept of a trading post. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Trading Post (newspaper) On February 12, 2010, shareholders of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation voted in favor of the acquisition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) BNSF Railway "BNSF" replaced "SANTA FE" on the front of the unit, and "Burlington Northern Santa Fe" was painted on the side. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) BNSF Railway The railroad was chartered in February, 1859 to serve the cities of Atchison, Kansas, Topeka, Kansas and Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Eventually a branch line from Lamy, New Mexico brought the Santa Fe railroad to its namesake city. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The railroad officially ceased operations on December 31, 1996, when it merged with the Burlington Northern Railroad to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway On September 22, 1995, AT&SF merged with Burlington Northern Railroad to form the Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway (BNSF). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After World War II, Santa Fe Trailways buses replaced most of these lesser trains. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe de Luxe: Chicago, Illinois — Los Angeles, California — San Francisco, California --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The subsidiary Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe often painted all or part of the smokebox (between the boiler and the headlight) white or silver. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Was used often by the Santa Fe for promotions and special events until it was donated to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1977. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 870 (2-8-0), located at Heritage Park in Santa Fe Springs, California. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe Railway Historical and Modeling Society, Inc., Highlands Ranch, Colorado, pp. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The standard for all of Santa Fe's passenger locomotives, the Warbonnet is considered by many to be the most-recognized corporate logo in the railroad industry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe quickly prevailed in this labor dispute, and FT sets from #106-onward were delivered as A-B-B-A sets. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1989, Santa Fe resurrected this version of the "Warbonnet" scheme and applied it to two SDFP45 units, #5992 and #5998. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe units repainted in this scheme were labeled "SF", Southern Pacific units "SP", and some (presumably new) units wore the letters "SPSF". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The A&P started construction in 1868, built southwest into what would become Oklahoma, and promptly entered receivership. In 1879, the A&P struck a deal with the Santa Fe and the Frisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1879, the A&P struck a deal with the Santa Fe and the Frisco. Those railroads would jointly build and own the A&P railroad west of Albuquerque. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The oldest preserved locomotive of the Santa Fe, although not as originally configured. It was converted by the railroad to a 2-8-0 configuration following an accident in 1897. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe's economy is the fourth most important in the country, having been displaced from third place by neighboring Córdoba Province around 1970. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Province In 2004, Santa Fe's exports (US$7,170 million) accounted for 21% of the national total. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Province The replica of the Sancti Spiritus Fort, the ruins of Cayastá and the city of Santa Fe are also common destinations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Province Estanislao López Iconic figure in Santa Fe and one of the most influential political actors in Argentina. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Province José Pedroni Argentine poet. It has always been considered the highest literary figure of the city of Santa Fe Esperanza. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Santa Fe Province The Hyundai Santa Fe (Korean: 현대 싼타페) is a sport utility vehicle (SUV) produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai since 2000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe was a milestone in the company's restructuring program of the late 1990s because the SUV was a hit with American buyers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe entered its second year with only one minor change involving the placement of the V6 emblem to a higher location on the tailgate. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe In Australia, the four-cylinder Santa Fe was dropped in 2003, due to slow sales, leaving the 2.7L V6 automatic as the only model. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The new Santa Fe sees the return of a manual transmission, but only when mated with the 2,656 cc (2.656 L; 162.1 cu in) V6. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe LATCH child seat anchors are also standard, and an optional 50/50 third row seat allows Santa Fe to seat seven passengers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The non-metallic white paint trim was dropped, leaving the pearl white as the only white color available on the Santa Fe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe fills the void left for a Kia-built Hyundai sold in the United States & Canada after Hyundai ended production of the Entourage minivan in 2009. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe is available in two distinct trim levels: the SE (called the GLS until the 2016 model year), and the Limited. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The previous three-row, long-wheelbase Santa Fe continued to be available into model year 2019, rebranded as the Santa Fe XL. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Chinese market fourth-generation Santa Fe was introduced in 2019 (called "Shengda" (胜达) in Chinese), featuring a restyled rear end similar to the eighth-generation Sonata. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The SUV was so popular that at times, Hyundai had trouble supplying the demand. The Santa Fe quickly became Hyundai's best seller and contributed to Hyundai's success in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe received its final facelift for 2005. Changes were made to the grille, taillights, rear bumper, interior instrument cluster. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The last year of this Santa Fe saw few changes. Two colors were discontinued for 2006, Merlot and Canyon Red. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe It did not appear in any sales brochures and could have only been ordered by a dealership. The LX trim level was renamed 'Limited' and got a corresponding tailgate badge, a first for the Santa Fe of any trim level. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The monochromatic option was only available on the Limited in black. In total, these options ran $1900, pushing the Santa Fe's total asking price to nearly $30,000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe Body lean in turns, a problem with the previous generation, has been reduced in the new Santa Fe. Both road and wind noise have also been reduced. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe In March 2013, the Santa Fe long-wheelbase variant was available in South Korea as the Maxcruz. In some markets, the long-wheelbase Santa Fe is also marketed as the Grand Santa Fe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe On June 3, 2020, Hyundai revealed the facelifted Santa Fe for the 2021 model year. The facelifted Santa Fe is claimed to be built on a newer platform. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyundai Santa Fe The 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge was a motor race for the Australian sedan-based V8 Supercars racing cars. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge The area surrounding Santa Fe was occupied for at least several thousand years by indigenous people who built villages several hundred years ago on the current site of the city. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1610, Juan de Oñate established the area as Santa Fe de Nuevo México–a province of New Spain. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico He wrote an ethnological article published in The Santa Fé Magazine in June 1913, in which he describes early 20th century life in the Pueblos. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico But as the tracks were constructed into New Mexico, the civil engineers decided that it was more practical to go through Lamy, a town in Santa Fe County to the south of Santa Fe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city sponsored architectural restoration projects and erected new buildings according to traditional techniques and styles, thus creating the Santa Fe Style. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is located at 7,199 feet (2,194 m) above sea level, making it the highest state capital in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Three secondary targeted industries for Santa Fe to focus development in are health care, retiree services, and food & beverage. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Angelou Economics recognized three economic signs that Santa Fe's economy was at risk of long-term deterioration. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Other post offices in the Santa Fe city limits include Coronado, De Vargas Mall, and Santa Fe Place Mall. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Launched in 1995 to organize the only international biennial of contemporary art in the United States, SITE Santa Fe has drawn global attention. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's daily newspaper is the Santa Fe New Mexican and each Friday, it publishes Pasatiempo, its long-running calendar and commentary on arts and events. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Founded in 1937, Performance Santa Fe brings celebrated and legendary musicians as well as some of the world's greatest dancers and actors to the city year-round. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city also hosts the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival which is held at about the same time, mostly in the St. Francis Auditorium and in the Lensic Theater. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1984, the Santa Fe Institute (SFI) was founded to research complex systems in the physical, biological, economic, and political sciences. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi, the mother church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe Trails, run by the city, operates a number of bus routes within the city during business hours and also provides connections to regional transit. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is currently served by four stations, Santa Fe Depot, South Capitol, Zia Road, and Santa Fe County/NM 599. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is also the location of the New Mexico School for the Arts, a public-private partnership, arts-focused high school. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico The river had a year-round flow until the 1700s. By the 20th century the Santa Fe River was a seasonal waterway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico After a few years serving in Santa Fe, Bernalillo and Taos, he moved to Isleta on December 28, 1891. He wrote an ethnological article published in The Santa Fé Magazine in June 1913, in which he describes early 20th century life in the Pueblos. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is located on I-25. In addition, U.S. Routes 84 and 285 pass through the city, along St. Francis Drive. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Trail was a 19th-century route through central North America that connected Franklin, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Santa Fe was near the end of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, which carried trade from Mexico City. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Traders and settlers crossed the southwest of North America by the route connecting Independence, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Other Americans improved and publicized the Santa Fe Trail as of 1822, in order to take advantage of new trade opportunities with Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail The Republic of Texas competed with Mexico in claiming Santa Fe, as part of the territory north and east of the Rio Grande which both nations claimed following --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Local merchants and citizens at the U.S. end of the Santa Fe Trail demanded justice and a return to the stable commerce which their economy depended on. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Independence (Santa Fe trail Ruts, Lower Independence (Blue Mills) Landing, Upper Independence (Wayne City) Landing. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Trail Club Independiente Santa Fe, known simply as Santa Fe, is a Colombian professional football team based in Bogotá, that currently plays in the Categoría Primera A. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe On August 15, Santa Fe played its first game in the professional championship against Deportes Caldas, a match that ended 3–3. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe drew 2–2 with Jorge Wilstermann on point aggregate and 3–3 on aggregate score, so the winner was decided by a draw of lots. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe That year, Santa Fe was runner-up in the Copa Colombia, losing the Finals against Deportes Tolima with an aggregate score of 3–2. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe The stadium Nemesio Camacho, also known as El Campín, located in Bogotá, is the venue where Independiente Santa Fe plays their home games. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe They got its third title just two after years with 61 points. Getting this title, Santa Fe became the second Colombian club appearing at the Copa Libertadores. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Getting this title, Santa Fe became the second Colombian club appearing at the Copa Libertadores. In that tournament, Santa Fe was placed in the Preliminary Round with Ecuadorian club Barcelona. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe In the Semifinals, Santa Fe faced Brazilian club Palmeiras. The home leg was a 2–2 draw, but Santa Fe lost 4–1 in the away leg. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe's first success in the 2000s came late, when the team won the Copa Colombia, beating Deportivo Pasto in the Finals. Since then, Santa Fe has had a successful period. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Since then, Santa Fe has had a successful period. Santa Fe got its seventh league title in the 2012 Torneo Apertura, 37 years after its last league title. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe faced Deportivo Pasto in the Finals. The first match ended in a 1–1 draw and the second was a 1–0 victory for Santa Fe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2014 Torneo Apertura, Santa Fe was fourth on the First Stage, advancing to Quarterfinals. There Santa Fe eliminated Once Caldas with an aggregate score of 5–3. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe In the Semifinals, the team was placed in a group with Atlético Huila, Atlético Nacional and Once Caldas. Santa Fe placed first in the group, advancing to the Finals where they faced Independiente Medellín. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe The team started in the Second Stage, where they faced Atlético Mineiro, Colo-Colo and Club Atlas. Santa Fe placed 1st with 12 points. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe placed 1st with 12 points. In the Round of 16, they played against Argentine team Estudiantes de La Plata. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz was founded by Captain Juan de Garay in the nearby site of Cayastá in 1573. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The Mitre Railway station is no longer used since 2007, when defunct company Trenes de Buenos Aires cancelled its services to Santa Fe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina Santa Fe put itself on the international sports map as one of the host cities of the 1990 FIBA World Championship. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The city is also home to two first division football teams: Club Atlético Colón and Club Atlético Unión, who contest the Santa Fe derby. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina Santa Fe was also the place where the world known [[Amilcar Brusa]] was born and raised, and the home of boxers Carlos Baldomir and Julio César Vásquez. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The metropolitan area has a population of 653,073, making it the eighth largest in Argentina. The third largest city in Argentina is Rosario, also located in Santa Fe Province. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The third largest city in Argentina is Rosario, also located in Santa Fe Province. Rosario has a population of 1.24 million and it is the largest city in Argentina not to be a provincial capital. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The fourth station (also the oldest of all) had been built by French company Province of Santa Fe Railway in 1885. It was demolished in 1962 and replaced by a bus station. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe, Argentina The original founders of the Trading Post, Charles Falkiner and Margaret Wilkins, started the newspaper in 1966 using an initial outlay of $24,000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trading Post (newspaper) In March 2004, the Trading Post Group company was bought by Telstra's Sensis directories division for $636 million. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Trading Post (newspaper) The BNSF Railway Company is the principal operating subsidiary of parent company Burlington Northern Santa Fe, LLC. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) BNSF Railway The long-rumored announcement was delayed by a disagreement over the disposition of Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation, a gold mining subsidiary that ATSF agreed to sell to stockholders. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) BNSF Railway Parents Burlington Northern Inc. and Santa Fe Pacific Corporation were acquired on September 22, 1995 by the new Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) BNSF Railway The Chimayo Trading Post and E.D. Trujillo House, at 110 Sandia Dr. in Espanola, New Mexico, was built in 1939. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chimayo Trading Post and E.D. Trujillo House The Santa Fe was a pioneer in intermodal freight transport; at one time or another it operated an airline, the short-lived Santa Fe Skyway, and a tugboat fleet. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway (AT&SF) was chartered on February 11, 1859, to join Atchison and Topeka, Kansas, with Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway D&RG paid an estimated $1.4 million to Santa Fe for its work within the Gorge and agreed not to extend its line to Santa Fe, while the Santa Fe agreed to forego its planned routes to Denver and Leadville. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway AT&SF reached Albuquerque in 1880; Santa Fe, the original destination of the railroad, found itself on a short branch from Lamy, New Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Southern Pacific Santa Fe Railroad (SPSF) was a proposed merger between the parent companies of the Southern Pacific and AT&SF announced on December 23, 1983. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Source: Santa Fe Railroad (1945), Along Your Way, Rand McNally, Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After World War II, "Santa Fe" appeared on tender sides of mainline road locomotives in white, above the unit number. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway A.T.& S.F." was now placed along the sides of the unit just above the accent stripe, with the blue and white "Santa Fe" box logo below. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The "Santa Fe" name was emblazoned on the sides in large black letters, using the same stencils used on freight engines; these were soon repainted in red. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway One combination was developed and partially implemented in anticipation of a merger between the parent companies of the Santa Fe and Southern Pacific (SP) railroads in 1984. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe discontinued ferry service in 1933 due to the effects of the Great Depression and routed their trains to Southern Pacific's ferry terminal in Oakland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Among them was the 2-10-2 "Santa Fe", originally built for the railroad by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1903. The railroad would ultimately end up with the largest fleet of them, at over 300. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Named for Cyrus K. Holliday. Was used often by the Santa Fe for promotions and special events until it was donated to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1977. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Trademarks of the Santa Fe Railway. The Santa Fe Railway Historical and Modeling Society, Inc., Highlands Ranch, Colorado, pp. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Garden of the Gods Trading Post is a historic site in Manitou Springs, Colorado. It is adjacent to the Colorado Springs public park Garden of the Gods. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Garden of the Gods Trading Post López drew, in 1818, a provincial constitution of a strongly conservative flavour, after rejecting a project proposed by a provincial assembly; Santa Fe was the first province to have its constitution. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Province During the civil strifes of 1820, Santa Fe troops were decisive in the defeat of Buenos Aires' centralist army. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Province Santa Fe suffered the violence of the late '70s and the depression of the 1980s more than most other provinces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Province In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the Santa Fe Provincial Police. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Province In 2004, Santa Fe's exports (US$7,170 million) accounted for 21% of the national total. Between 2001 and 2004 they increased 65.2%. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Santa Fe Province The second generation Hyundai Santa Fe was awarded 2008 Consumer Reports "top pick" and was among the top 10 vehicles for 2008 unveiled in the magazine's issue. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe In Europe, the new Santa Fe model was launched in April as a 2006 model, offering a new 2.2-liter diesel-powered engine and updated 2.7-liter petrol-powered V6. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe Part of a joint venture with Hyundai Motors that began in 2002, a Chinese company, Hawtai Motor, manufactured the first-generation Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe While it did make Hyundai-branded models for sale on the Chinese market, one of the versions it debuted under its own brand name in 2009 was the Santa Fe C9. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe The first production Santa Fe in the United States rolled off Hyundai's Montgomery, Alabama assembly line on April 18, 2006. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe There is a Hyundai Santa Fe Blue Hybrid that is powered by petrol engine coupled to a 30 kW (41 PS; 40 hp) electric motor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe While the Santa Fe Sport is solely available in two-row in the North America, a third-row seat option is available as standard or optional in most regions outside North America. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe The Korean-spec Santa Fe was launched in Asia since April 19, 2012, in short wheel base form with 7-seater capacity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe As the fourth generation Santa Fe was released in 2018 for the 2019 model year in North America, replacing the Santa Fe Sport, the long-wheelbase Santa Fe (previously simply called the Santa Fe) was renamed Santa Fe XL. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe On February 21, 2018, Hyundai introduced the fourth-generation Santa Fe in South Korea, followed by the Geneva Motor Show in March. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe In Malaysia, Hyundai Santa Fe is available as a Complete knock down model rebadged as Inokom Santa Fe. The Inokom Santa Fe is only available in CRDi 2.2-liter I4 Diesel and 2.7-liter V6. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe fills the void left for a Kia-built Hyundai sold in the United States & Canada after Hyundai ended production of the Entourage minivan in 2009. Kia, however, is 49.2% owned by Hyundai. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe Front-wheel drive is standard, with all-wheel drive being optional. The Santa Fe Sport has Hyundai's Torque Vectoring Cornering Control feature for upgraded drive performance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe As the fourth generation Santa Fe was released in 2018 for the 2019 model year in North America, replacing the Santa Fe Sport, the long-wheelbase Santa Fe (previously simply called the Santa Fe) was renamed Santa Fe XL. In 2019, the Santa Fe XL was replaced by the Palisade. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe In "Epic Playdate", a father takes his family on a trip in a long-wheelbase Santa Fe consisting of various increasingly unorthodox activities, which include driving around in mud to getting away from bikers behind them and bowling in a human-sized inflatable hamster ball. The commercial features a cameo appearance by The Flaming Lips. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyundai Santa Fe The reconstruction is so painstaking, in fact, that the James Bordeaux Trading Post is included in the National Register of Historic Places, a rare honor for any rebuilt structure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bordeaux Trading Post Although more commonly known as Santa Fe, the city's full, legal name remains to this day as La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Under Juan de Oñate and his son, the capital of the province was the settlement of San Juan de los Caballeros north of Santa Fe near modern Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city's status as the capital of the Mexican territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México was formalized in the 1824 Constitution after Mexico achieved independence from Spain. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico When the Republic of Texas seceded from Mexico in 1836, it attempted to claim Santa Fe and other parts of Nuevo México as part of the western portion of Texas along the Río Grande. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad extended the narrow gauge Chili Line from the nearby city of Española to Santa Fe in 1886. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Edgar L. Hewett, founder and first director of the School of American Research and the Museum of New Mexico in Santa Fe, was a leading promoter. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Since its opening in 1995, SITE Santa Fe has been committed to supporting new developments in contemporary art, encouraging artistic exploration, and expanding traditional museum experiences. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is also home to internationally acclaimed Flamenco dancer's María Benítez Institute for Spanish Arts which offers programs and performance in Flamenco, Spanish Guitar and similar arts year round. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Popular day trips in the Santa Fe area include locations such as the town of Taos, about 70 mi (113 km) north of Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The New Mexico Rail Runner Express is a commuter rail service operating in Valencia, Bernalillo (including Albuquerque), Sandoval, and Santa Fe Counties. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city has six private college preparatory high schools: Santa Fe Waldorf School, St. Michael's High School, Desert Academy, New Mexico School For The Deaf, Santa Fe Secondary School, Santa Fe Preparatory School, and the Mandela International Magnet School. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Gustave Baumann (1881–1971), print-maker, marionette-maker and painter; resident artist for more than fifty years; died in Santa Fe --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico By the 20th century the Santa Fe River was a seasonal waterway. As of 2007, the river was recognized as the most endangered river in the United States, according to the conservation group American Rivers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1841, a small military and trading expedition set out from Austin, intending to take control of the Santa Fe Trail. Known as the Texan Santa Fe Expedition, the force was poorly prepared and was easily captured by the New Mexican military. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico But as the tracks were constructed into New Mexico, the civil engineers decided that it was more practical to go through Lamy, a town in Santa Fe County to the south of Santa Fe. A branch line was completed from Lamy to Santa Fe in 1880. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Neither was sufficient to offset the negative effects of Santa Fe's having been bypassed by the main railroad route. It suffered gradual economic decline into the early 20th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico After the mainline of the railroad bypassed Santa Fe, it lost population. However, artists and writers, as well as retirees, were attracted to the cultural richness of the area, the beauty of the landscapes, and its dry climate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Magazine has been the arts magazine of Santa Fe since its founding by Guy Cross in 1992. It publishes critical reviews and profiles New Mexico based artists monthly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico In May 2012 Santa Fe became the home of the Santa Fe Fuego of the Pecos League of Professional Baseball Clubs. They play their home games at Fort Marcy Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is served by the Santa Fe Municipal Airport. Since June 2009, American Eagle has provided regional jet service to Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Lorenzo Hubbell Trading Post and Warehouse is located in the western part of the historic center of the city of Winslow, in Navajo County, Arizona. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Lorenzo Hubbell Trading Post and Warehouse Pioneered in 1821 by William Becknell, who departed from the Boonslick region along the Missouri River, the trail served as a vital commercial highway until 1880, when the railroad arrived in Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail The French explorer Pierre Vial pioneered the route in 1792, and French traders from St. Louis gained a fur trading monopoly from the Spanish in Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail In February 1843, Colonel Jacob Snively had received a commission to intercept Mexican caravans along the Santa Fe Trail, similar to that received by Warfield the year prior. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail The longest clearly identifiable section of the trail, Santa Fe Trail Remains, near Dodge City, Kansas, is listed as a National Historic Landmark. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail Fort Dodge (Jackson's Grove and Island, Santa Fe Trail Ruts, Middle Crossing, Point of Rocks, Fort Atkinson Site)Mountain --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail The Santa Fe Trail was a transportation route opened by the Spaniards at the end of the 18th century. It was later used extensively by people from the United States in the 19th century after the Louisiana Purchase. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail It had just won independence from Spain in the Mexican War of Independence. Manufactured goods were hauled from the state of Missouri in the United States to Santa Fe, which was in the northern Mexican state of Nuevo Mexico. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail The Republic of Texas competed with Mexico in claiming Santa Fe, as part of the territory north and east of the Rio Grande which both nations claimed following Texas's secession from Mexico in 1836. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail In 1841, a small military and trading expedition departed from Austin, Texas for Santa Fe. They represented the Republic of Texas and its president Mirabeau B. Lamar. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail Knowing about recent political disturbances there, they hoped for a welcome by the rebellious faction in New Mexico. What was known as the Texan Santa Fe Expedition encountered many difficulties. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail What was known as the Texan Santa Fe Expedition encountered many difficulties. The party was captured by governor Armijo's Mexican army under less than honest negotiations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail In 1825, Congress voted for federal protection for the Santa Fe Trail, even though much of it lay in the Mexican territory. Lack of food and water also made the trail very risky. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Trail As a reward for their participation in the Battle of Caseros, triumphant Urquiza wrote to the governor of Santa Fe on 9 June 1852 asking for Rosario to be granted city status. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosario, Santa Fe The Municipal Bank was founded in 1896 to support the financial needs of the citizens and small businesses in the highly productive region of southern Santa Fe Province, centered in Rosario. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosario, Santa Fe The banking sector includes the state-owned Municipal Bank of Rosario, with branches and offices throughout the city, and the central branch of the New Bank of Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosario, Santa Fe Demographic growth was relatively slow. During this period, Rosario was a small settlement and a stop on the way from the city of Santa Fe to Buenos Aires. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosario, Santa Fe Rosario is located in the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina. This metropolis has a population of about 1.2 million (1,159,004 est.), thus being Argentina's third most populated urban settlement, after Córdoba. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosario, Santa Fe However, the signings did little, as Santa Fe was not into the top three for about ten years, being their worst the 1954 campaign where they finished last with just five points. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2014 Copa Libertadores, Santa Fe played against Monarcas Morelia in the First Stage, drawing 2–2 on aggregate score and advancing to the next round due to away goals rule. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe There Santa Fe won 3–1, thus getting the first international title of the club and qualifying for the 2016 Copa Libertadores, 2016 Recopa Sudamericana and 2016 Suruga Bank Championship. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe That year Santa Fe played in the first division of the A.D.B., which was canceled in the middle of that year. That same year also reached the final of the Torneo de Cundinamarca, which lost against América de Cali. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe They agreed to hold the first professional championship for the second half of the year. On August 15, Santa Fe played its first game in the professional championship against Deportes Caldas, a match that ended 3–3. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe was second in the First Stage of the tournament with 29 points. In the Semifinals, they were grouped with Boyacá Chicó, Itagüí and La Equidad. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe In the Torneo Finalización, Santa Fe was first with 31 points. In the Semifinals, the team was placed in a group with Atlético Huila, Atlético Nacional and Once Caldas. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe placed first in the group, advancing to the Finals where they faced Independiente Medellín. Santa Fe won the first match and drew in the second, with an aggregate score of 3–2, winning its 8th title. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe There, Santa Fe was eliminated by Cortuluá with an aggregate score of 2–3. In the 2016 Copa Libertadores, the team advanced to the Second Stage after eliminate Oriente Petrolero with an aggregate of 1–6. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe The stadium Nemesio Camacho, also known as El Campín, located in Bogotá, is the venue where Independiente Santa Fe plays their home games. Its capacity is 36,343. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe have a fierce rivalry with intercity team Millonarios, who also play in the same stadium as them. During this match Millonarios fans ubicate themselves in the northern part of the stadium much like Santa Fe's in the south. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈfe ðe la ˈβeɾa ˈkɾus]; usually called just Santa Fe) is the capital city of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, Argentina The city became the provincial capital in 1814, when the territory of the province of Santa Fe was separated from the province of Buenos Aires by the National Constituent Assembly, held in the city in 1853. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, Argentina On the other hand, the Santa Fe Belgrano station was re-opened as a convention center. The fourth station (also the oldest of all) had been built by French company Province of Santa Fe Railway in 1885. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe, Argentina Weekly Trading Post (3 June 1993 – 15 July 2004) - from 2002, when the rural edition ceased, it was subtitled "Adelaide and country SA". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trading Post (newspaper) Trading Post (22 July 2004 – October 2009)A number of rural (country) South Australian editions, using the same format, were also published: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Trading Post (newspaper) This new holding company purchased the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (often called the "Santa Fe") and Burlington Northern Railroad, and formally merged the railways into the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BNSF Railway A portion of the Pacific Railroad became the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (Frisco).The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF) was chartered in 1859. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BNSF Railway The merger of the operating companies was held up by issues with unions; ATSF merged on December 31, 1996 into BN, which was renamed the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway Company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BNSF Railway The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway's main contribution to BNSF was the Southern Transcon, a fast intermodal corridor connecting Southern California and Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BNSF Railway On January 24, 2005, as part of its tenth anniversary celebration, the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway was renamed BNSF Railway, which adopted a new logo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) BNSF Railway The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (reporting mark ATSF), often referred to as the Santa Fe or AT&SF, was one of the larger railroads in the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (In the early 1980s, gold was discovered on several properties west of Battle Mountain, Nevada along I-80, on ground owned by the Santa Fe Railroad (formerly SP).) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The ubiquitous passenger service inspired the title of the 1946 Academy-Award-winning Harry Warren tune "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Cheney Special: Colton, California — Chicago, Illinois (a one-time train that ran in 1895 on behalf of B.P. Cheney, a director of the Santa Fe). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In an effort to reduce grade crossing accidents, the Santa Fe was an early user of wigwag signals from the Magnetic Signal Company, beginning in the 1920s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Model 10's, which had the wigwag motor and banner coming from halfway up the mast with the crossbucks on top, were almost unique to the Santa Fe—the Southern Pacific had a few as well. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway While most of the Santa Fe's steam locomotives were retired and sold for scrap, over fifty were saved and donated to various parks and museums, a handful of which have either been restored to operating condition or are pending future restoration. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 3751 (4-8-4), the Santa Fe's and Baldwin's very first 4-8-4, was once on display at Viaduct Park near the AT&SF depot in San Bernardino, California. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The letters "A.T.& S.F." were applied in a small font centered on the sides of the unit, as was the standard blue and white "Santa Fe" box logo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway From that point forward, most new locomotives wore red and silver, and many retained this scheme after the Burlington Northern Santa Fe merger, some with "BNSF" displayed across their sides. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Despite being chartered to serve the city, the railroad chose to bypass Santa Fe, due to the engineering challenges of the mountainous terrain. Eventually a branch line from Lamy, New Mexico brought the Santa Fe railroad to its namesake city. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway AT&SF began to talk mergers in the 1980s. The Southern Pacific Santa Fe Railroad (SPSF) was a proposed merger between the parent companies of the Southern Pacific and AT&SF announced on December 23, 1983. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe Pacific Corporation (a name correlation of Santa Fe and Southern Pacific) was to develop the properties. They were sold to Newmont during 1997 in preparation for the merger with Burlington Northern). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After World War II, Santa Fe Trailways buses replaced most of these lesser trains. These smaller trains generally were not named; only the train numbers were used to differentiate services. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The ubiquitous passenger service inspired the title of the 1946 Academy-Award-winning Harry Warren tune "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe. " The song was written in 1945 for the film The Harvey Girls, a story about the waitresses of the Fred Harvey Company's restaurants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Santa Fe operated a large and varying fleet of steam locomotives. Among them was the 2-10-2 "Santa Fe", originally built for the railroad by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1903. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Cab sides were lettered "AT&SF", also in white. The subsidiary Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe often painted all or part of the smokebox (between the boiler and the headlight) white or silver. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 643 (2-8-0), Originally built by Hinkley Locomotive Works in 1879 as #73 with a 4-4-0 arrangement. The oldest preserved locomotive of the Santa Fe, although not as originally configured. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It had several upgrades over the years while working on the Gulf Division. It was formerly located at the then-new Oklahoma State Fairgrounds, following its donation from the Santa Fe to the people of Oklahoma in 1953. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 940 (2-10-2), located at the Union depot in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. It is the only surviving steam locomotive from the Santa Fe with a 2-10-2 wheel arrangement. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Province of Santa Fe (Spanish: Provincia de Santa Fe, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈfe]) is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Province In 1573 Juan de Garay founded the city of Santa Fe in the surroundings of present town Cayastá, but the city was moved in 1651 and 1660 to its present location. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Province In 2005 the ports of southern Santa Fe shipped 60% of the grains, 93% of the agricultural subproducts and 85% of the vegetable oils exported by Argentina. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Province Carlos Reutemann Nicknamed "Lole", is an Argentine former racing driver who raced in Formula One and governor of Santa Fe in Argentina. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Santa Fe Province Hyundai is recalling almost 200,000 Santa Fe SUVs from 2007–2009 model years, because the front passenger airbags may not deploy in a crash due to a possible problem with the occupant classification system. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe Both models feature the new "Storm Edge" design prototype, eventually to launch on all other models, and feature refreshed Santa Fe unibody crossover platform, akin to most of today's SUVs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe quickly became Hyundai's best seller and contributed to Hyundai's success in the United States. Between 2006 and 2012, the Santa Fe fell between the slightly smaller compact crossover Tucson and the larger, yet related Veracruz. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The clock was relocated to the center dash from its prior location in the overhead map light assembly, which was also restyled. Demand for the Santa Fe continued to be up but owners had several suggested changes for Hyundai. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe Hyundai continued to post sales records with the Santa Fe as it rolled into 2004 with very minor changes. The manual climate controls on the base GL and mid-line GLS were revised very slightly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The LX trim level was renamed 'Limited' and got a corresponding tailgate badge, a first for the Santa Fe of any trim level. Another first was the availability of a monochromatic paint scheme, a departure from the contrasting gray cladding previously standard. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The new 2006 Santa Fe went on sale in South Korea in late 2005. In the United States, it debuted at the 2006 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The first production Santa Fe in the United States rolled off Hyundai's Montgomery, Alabama assembly line on April 18, 2006. It shares this assembly line with the current generation Hyundai Sonata. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe If the front wheels start to slip a lot, 50% of the torque will transfer to the rear axle. Body lean in turns, a problem with the previous generation, has been reduced in the new Santa Fe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe For 2008, only minor changes were applied to the Santa Fe. A navigation system made by LG was offered and the Infinity sound system and the power glass sunroof were made standard on Limited models. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe Only minor changes were applied to the Santa Fe for 2011. The 1050-watt Infinity sound system became standard on Limited trim whereas it had only been previously bundled with the optional navigation system. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe only received minor changes for 2012: The all-body colored grille (in North American markets) was straightened and received chrome accents while the textured strip below the headlights was changed from amber to clear. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The previous three-row, long-wheelbase Santa Fe continued to be available into model year 2019, rebranded as the Santa Fe XL. Its replacement, the Palisade, debuted in 2018 as a 2020 model. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyundai Santa Fe The 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge was a motor race for the Australian sedan-based V8 Supercars racing cars. The Trading Post Perth Challenge was the fourth event of the 2011 International V8 Supercars Championship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge Cultural highlights include Santa Fe Plaza and the Palace of the Governors, and the Fiesta de Santa Fe, as well as distinct New Mexican cuisine restaurants and New Mexico music performances. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Don Juan de Oñate led the first Spanish effort to colonize the region in 1598, establishing Santa Fe de Nuevo México as a province of New Spain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe has had an association with science and technology since 1943 when the town served as the gateway to Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), a 45-minute drive from the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Some visitors find Santa Fe particularly attractive around the second week of September when the aspens in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains turn yellow and the skies are clear and blue. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico In Santa Fe County, the service uses 18 miles (29 km) of new right-of-way connecting the BNSF Railway's old transcontinental mainline to existing right-of-way in Santa Fe used by the Santa Fe Southern Railway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Southern Railway, now mostly a tourist rail experience but also carrying freight, operates excursion services out of Santa Fe as far as Lamy, 15 miles (24 km) to the southeast. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is the terminus of three National Historic Trails: El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail, the Old Spanish National Historic Trail, and the Santa Fe National Historic Trail. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city has many private elementary schools as well, including Little Earth School, Santa Fe International Elementary School, Rio Grande School, Desert Montessori School, La Mariposa Montessori, The Tara School, Fayette Street Academy, The Santa Fe Girls' School, The Academy for the Love of Learning, and Santa Fe School for the Arts and Sciences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Antonio Armijo (1804–1850), explorer and merchant who led the first commercial caravan between Santa Fe, Nuevo México and Los Angeles, Alta California in 1829–1830 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Sibley was forced to withdraw after Union troops destroyed his logistical trains following the Battle of Glorieta Pass. The Santa Fe National Cemetery was created by the federal government after the war in 1870 to inter the Union soldiers who died fighting there. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico On October 21, 1887, Anton Docher, "The Padre of Isleta", went to New Mexico where he was ordained as a priest in the St Francis Cathedral of Santa Fe by Bishop Jean-Baptiste Salpointe. After a few years serving in Santa Fe, Bernalillo and Taos, he moved to Isleta on December 28, 1891. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico In the early 20th century, Santa Fe became a base for numerous writers and artists. The first airplane to fly over Santa Fe was piloted by Rose Dugan, carrying Vera von Blumenthal as passenger. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Local leaders began promoting the city as a tourist attraction. The city sponsored architectural restoration projects and erected new buildings according to traditional techniques and styles, thus creating the Santa Fe Style. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe site was used next to hold German and Italian nationals, who were considered enemy aliens after the outbreak of war. In February 1943, these civilian detainees were transferred to DOJ custody. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1945, four internees were seriously injured when violence broke out between the internees and guards in an event known as the Santa Fe Riot. The camp remained open past the end of the war; the last detainees were released in mid 1946. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico (0.21%) is covered by water. Santa Fe is located at 7,199 feet (2,194 m) above sea level, making it the highest state capital in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico It publishes critical reviews and profiles New Mexico based artists monthly. Each Wednesday the alternative weekly newspaper, the Santa Fe Reporter, publishes information on the arts and culture of Santa Fe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Performance Santa Fe, formerly the Santa Fe Concert Association, is the oldest presenting organization in Santa Fe. Founded in 1937, Performance Santa Fe brings celebrated and legendary musicians as well as some of the world's greatest dancers and actors to the city year-round. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Also in July and August, the Santa Fe Desert Chorale holds its summer festival. Santa Fe has its own professional ballet company, Aspen Santa Fe Ballet, which performs in both cities and tours nationally and internationally. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Roadrunners were a North American Hockey League team, but moved to Kansas to become the Topeka Roadrunners. Santa Fe's rodeo, the Rodeo De Santa Fe, is held annually the last week of June. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's ski resort, Ski Santa Fe, is about 16 mi (26 km) northeast of the city. Chimayo is also nearby and many locals complete the annual pilgrimage to the Santuario de Chimayo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico In November 2009, the airline expanded the Dallas service and added service to Phoenix. Since December 2012, Great Lakes Airlines has offered twice daily flight service between Santa Fe and Denver. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe was near the northern terminus of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, which led overland between Mexico City to San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail It played a vital role in the westward expansion of the US into these new lands. The road route is commemorated today by the National Park Service as the Santa Fe National Historic Trail. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail Other Americans improved and publicized the Santa Fe Trail as of 1822, in order to take advantage of new trade opportunities with Mexico. It had just won independence from Spain in the Mexican War of Independence. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail They represented the Republic of Texas and its president Mirabeau B. Lamar. Their intention was to persuade the people of Santa Fe and New Mexico to relinquish control over the territory under dispute with Mexico, and over associated Santa Fe Trail commerce. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail Their intention was to persuade the people of Santa Fe and New Mexico to relinquish control over the territory under dispute with Mexico, and over associated Santa Fe Trail commerce. Knowing about recent political disturbances there, they hoped for a welcome by the rebellious faction in New Mexico. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail The newspapers reported that Americans and Mexicans were outraged by the crime. Local merchants and citizens at the U.S. end of the Santa Fe Trail demanded justice and a return to the stable commerce which their economy depended on. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Trail By 1887 it had about 50,000 inhabitants, of whom 40% were European immigrants, who brought new ideas from Europe and began to turn Rosario into a politically progressive city (contrasting with the more conservative, aristocratic Santa Fe). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe Cavallero's successor, Hermes Binner (elected in 1995), was elected Governor of Santa Fe in 2007 and became the runner-up in the 2011 presidential election on the FAP ticket. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe Some, with the sponsorship of the governors of Santa Fe, Entre Ríos and Córdoba as well as other important politicians, have put forward a legislative project to move the National Congress to Rosario, to decentralize the national government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe The Rosario – Islas Malvinas International Airport is located 13 km (8 mi) west-northwest from the center of Rosario, a city in the Santa Fe Province of Argentina. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe In 1719, the Jesuits bought another part and established Estancia San Miguel. The area was still so scarcely populated that it had no central authority; it was ruled from the provincial capital (Santa Fe), and in turn from Buenos Aires. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe Trenes de Buenos Aires (TBA) ran weekly trains south to Retiro in Buenos Aires and north to Santa Fe. The company Ferrocentral also operated weekly trains south to Buenos Aires and northwest to Córdoba and Tucumán. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe The city of Funes lies directly to the west of the airport, and part of the city limit shares a border with the property of the airport grounds. The airport covers an area of 550 hectares (1359 acres) and is operated by the Province of Santa Fe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosario, Santa Fe Santa Fe is one of the three clubs that has played every championship in the Categoría Primera A.Santa Fe became the first Colombian team to win the Copa Sudamericana, and the first Colombian team to win an official tournament outside America. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe The most commonly accepted version is that Luis Robledo, one of the founders of the Independiente Santa Fe who was educated in England, was a fan of Arsenal, thus gives the team the red and white, which from 1941 became the symbol of the club. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe In the late 1990s, the most notorious Barra brava of Santa Fe, La Guardia Albi-Roja Sur (White-Red South Guard) was created. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Club Independiente Santa Fe, known simply as Santa Fe, is a Colombian professional football team based in Bogotá, that currently plays in the Categoría Primera A. They play their home games at the El Campín stadium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe has a fierce rivalry with Millonarios who share the same stadium. The game is considered as one of the most famous derbies in South America and is known as El Clásico Bogotano or El Clásico Capitalino. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Independiente Santa Fe was officially founded on February 28, 1941 as an amateur football team. The club's founders were mainly graduates from the Gimnasio Moderno and of a high social class. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe The club's founders were mainly graduates from the Gimnasio Moderno and of a high social class. Santa Fe was at first going to be a team based on ex-students of Gimnasio Moderno, but later incorporated players from other schools. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe finished the league as the first champion of the Colombian first division, winning 12 of 18 games, drew 3 and also lost 3. The team was able to score 57 goals for and received 29 goals. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe In that tournament, Santa Fe was placed in the Preliminary Round with Ecuadorian club Barcelona. The first match was a 3–0 victory for Santa Fe and the second game was a 2–2 draw. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe The first match was a 3–0 victory for Santa Fe and the second game was a 2–2 draw. In the next round, Santa Fe eliminated Bolivian club Jorge Wilstermann. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe In the next round, Santa Fe eliminated Bolivian club Jorge Wilstermann. Santa Fe drew 2–2 with Jorge Wilstermann on point aggregate and 3–3 on aggregate score, so the winner was decided by a draw of lots. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe drew 2–2 with Jorge Wilstermann on point aggregate and 3–3 on aggregate score, so the winner was decided by a draw of lots. In the Semifinals, Santa Fe faced Brazilian club Palmeiras. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe got its seventh league title in the 2012 Torneo Apertura, 37 years after its last league title. Santa Fe was second in the First Stage of the tournament with 29 points. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe got its first international title in the 2015 Copa Sudamericana. They eliminated Ecuadorian LDU Loja in the First Stage and Uruguayan Nacional in the Second Stage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe In 1951, the year that Santa Fe begins to use it to its home games, the stadium expanded its capacity to 39,000 spectators. The second extension of El Campín occurred in 1952 with a dramatic transformation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz is the commercial and transportation center for a rich agricultural area that produces grain, vegetable oils, and meats. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, Argentina The city is the site of the National Technological University – Santa Fe Regional Faculty, Catholic University of Santa Fe (inaugurated in 1959), and the National University of the Littoral (first founded as the Provincial University in 1889, and which changed to its current name in 1919). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, Argentina On April 29, 2003, the Salado, which empties into the Paraná near Santa Fe, rose almost 2 m (6.5 ft) in a few hours following heavy rainfall, and caused a catastrophic flood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, Argentina Likewise, the Santa Fe Belgrano (built in 1891 and named Cultural Heritage) and Guadalupe stations had been entered into disuse in 1993 when the railway privatisation in Argentina ceased all the long-distance services in the country. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, Argentina The city is also connected by canal with the port of Colastiné on the Paraná River. Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz has about 391,164 inhabitants per the 2010 census [INDEC]. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe, Argentina However, president and CEO Robert Krebs said the railroad was big enough for two designs, and Santa Fe's "Warbonnet" (with "BNSF" instead of "Santa Fe" on the front) remained alongside the new "Heritage I" scheme. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) BNSF Railway The company is investing an estimated $34 billion in BNSF and acquiring $10 billion in debt. On February 12, 2010, shareholders of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation voted in favor of the acquisition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) BNSF Railway Federal intervention prompted an out-of-court settlement on February 2, 1880, in the form of the so-called "Treaty of Boston", wherein the D&RG was allowed to complete its line and lease it for use by the Santa Fe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Also in 1928, Santa Fe purchased the U.S. portion of the Kansas City, Mexico & Orient Railway (the Mexican portion of the line became the Chihuahua-Pacific Railway, now part of National Railways of Mexico). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Because long stretches of its main line traverse areas without water, Santa Fe was one of the first buyers of diesel locomotives for freight service. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The San Diegans, which ran from Los Angeles to San Diego, were the most popular and durable, becoming to the Santa Fe what New York City-Philadelphia trains were to the Pennsylvania Railroad. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Upper quadrant Magnetic Flagmen were used extensively on the Santa Fe as well—virtually every small town main street and a number of city streets had their crossings protected by these unique wigwags. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 3759 (4-8-4): This locomotive is known for pulling the "Farewell to Steam Excursion" for the Santa Fe in 1955 before it was donated to the City of Kingman, Arizona, where it is currently on static display. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The units were re-designated as #101 and #102 and reentered service on July 4, 1989, as part of the new "Super Fleet" campaign (the first Santa Fe units to be so decorated for freight service). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe maintained and operated a fleet of three passenger ferry boats (the San Pablo, the San Pedro, and the Ocean Wave) that connected Richmond, California, with San Francisco by water. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The railroad was chartered in February, 1859 to serve the cities of Atchison, Kansas, Topeka, Kansas and Santa Fe, New Mexico. The railroad reached the Kansas–Colorado border in 1873 and Pueblo, Colorado in 1876. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway (AT&SF) was chartered on February 11, 1859, to join Atchison and Topeka, Kansas, with Santa Fe, New Mexico. In its early years, the railroad opened Kansas to settlement. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway These wore a variation of the "Warbonnet" scheme in which the black and yellow separating stripes disappeared. The "Santa Fe" name was emblazoned on the sides in large black letters, using the same stencils used on freight engines; these were soon repainted in red. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After the organization of the nation, the province entered an era of peace and prosperity; in 1872 the railways already connected many points of the province, as well as the telegraph lines, and in 1889 the Provincial University of Santa Fe was founded. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Province The contentious 1958 elections (from which Peronist candidates were barred) brought an ally of President-elect Arturo Frondizi to power in Santa Fe, Dr. Carlos Sylvestre Begnis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Province Gov. Begnis quickly steered budgets into sorely needed public works, most notably the construction of the Hernandarias Tunnel, a 10-mile (16 km)-long connection between the city of Santa Fe and neighboring Paraná. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Province Twenty-one percent of the cultivated lands of Argentina are in Santa Fe, whose main crops are soybean (main national producer), sunflower, maize, wheat, and rice. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Santa Fe Province All Santa Fe's now include standard Bluetooth hands-free phone connectivity and steering wheel audio controls, new darker wood trim, and metallic steering wheel inlay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe On September 1, 2010, North American production of the Santa Fe shifted to Kia's new West Point, Georgia assembly plant for the 2011 model year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe Advertising Standards Bureau of Australia banned a Santa Fe TV commercial titled 'Restless' or 'Toddler' in 2007, which ASB argued that it promotes an illegal driving activity: an underaged person (a toddler) driving a car. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe Features such as an upgraded sound system with upgraded touch-screen radio, a full, GPS navigational system, and leather-trimmed seating surfaces can be added to the basic Santa Fe Sport so that buyers can choose their ideal vehicle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe In "Epic Playdate", a father takes his family on a trip in a long-wheelbase Santa Fe consisting of various increasingly unorthodox activities, which include driving around in mud to getting away from bikers behind them and bowling in a human-sized inflatable hamster ball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The commercial features a cameo appearance by The Flaming Lips. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe In "Don't Tell", a father and his children in a short-wheelbase Santa Fe perform various activities to somewhat extreme extents, including skiing down a dangerous (black diamond-rated) ski trail and watching a horror film, during all of which the father tells his children, "Don't tell mom". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The Hyundai Santa Fe (Korean: 현대 싼타페) is a sport utility vehicle (SUV) produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai since 2000. It is named after the city of Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was introduced for the 2001 model year as Hyundai's first SUV. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe It is named after the city of Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was introduced for the 2001 model year as Hyundai's first SUV. The Santa Fe was a milestone in the company's restructuring program of the late 1990s because the SUV was a hit with American buyers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe entered its second year with only one minor change involving the placement of the V6 emblem to a higher location on the tailgate. In Feb 2002, the center dash vents and buttons were restyled. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe In the United States, it debuted at the 2006 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. The first production Santa Fe in the United States rolled off Hyundai's Montgomery, Alabama assembly line on April 18, 2006. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe In the United States, the new generation is offered in GLS, SE, and Limited versions. The new Santa Fe sees the return of a manual transmission, but only when mated with the 2,656 cc (2.656 L; 162.1 cu in) V6. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe This was done to free up production capacity at the Alabama plant for the new Sonata and new Elantra. The Santa Fe fills the void left for a Kia-built Hyundai sold in the United States & Canada after Hyundai ended production of the Entourage minivan in 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe Hyundai is recalling almost 200,000 Santa Fe SUVs from 2007–2009 model years, because the front passenger airbags may not deploy in a crash due to a possible problem with the occupant classification system. The system gauges the size of a passenger and based on that whether an air bag should be deployed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The short-wheelbase version is marketed as the Santa Fe Sport in North America, and simply Santa Fe in other regions. While the Santa Fe Sport is solely available in two-row in the North America, a third-row seat option is available as standard or optional in most regions outside North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe Sport went on sale in June 2012 as a 2013 model. It is available in one basic trim level, but with two engines, and multiple packages that add many features. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe On February 21, 2018, Hyundai introduced the fourth-generation Santa Fe in South Korea, followed by the Geneva Motor Show in March. The fourth-generation Santa Fe is a two-row SUV which succeeds the previous Santa Fe Sport model. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The new Santa Fe arrived in North American dealerships starting in the summer of 2018 as a 2019 model. The previous three-row, long-wheelbase Santa Fe continued to be available into model year 2019, rebranded as the Santa Fe XL. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe The Santa Fe features "T-shaped" LED lights that merge into a newer and wider "cascading" grille. The rear has also been revised, with a long LED strip running across the width of the car, similar to that seen on the seventh generation Hyundai Elantra. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyundai Santa Fe Brigadier General Stephen W. Kearny led the main body of his Army of the West of some 1,700 soldiers into Santa Fe to claim it and the whole New Mexico Territory for the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Colonel Alexander William Doniphan, under the command of Kearny, recovered ammunition from Santa Fe labeled "Spain 1776" showing both the lack of communications and quality of military support New Mexico received under Mexican rule. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Beginning in June 1942, the Department of Justice arrested 826 Japanese-American men after the attack on Pearl Harbor; they held them near Santa Fe, in a former Civilian Conservation Corps site that had been acquired and expanded for the purpose. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Security at Santa Fe was similar to a military prison, with twelve-foot barbed wire fences, guard towers equipped with searchlights, and guards carrying rifles, side arms and tear gas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico This is also the time of the annual Fiestas de Santa Fe, celebrating the "reconquering" of Santa Fe by Don Diego de Vargas, a highlight of which is the burning Zozobra ("Old Man Gloom"), a 50-foot (15 m) marionette. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Along with the New Mexico Rail Runner Express, a commuter rail line serving the metropolitan areas of Albuquerque and Santa Fe, the city or its environs are served by two other railroads. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Spanish phrase "Santa Fe" is translated as "Holy Faith" in English. Although more commonly known as Santa Fe, the city's full, legal name remains to this day as La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The area of Santa Fe was originally occupied by indigenous Tanoan peoples, who lived in numerous Pueblo villages along the Rio Grande. One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 CE. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe was Spain's provincial seat at outbreak of the Mexican War of Independence in 1810. It was considered important to fur traders based in present-day Saint Louis, Missouri. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The fur trade contributed to the wealth of St. Louis. The city's status as the capital of the Mexican territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México was formalized in the 1824 Constitution after Mexico achieved independence from Spain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico As railroads were extended into the West, Santa Fe was originally envisioned as an important stop on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. But as the tracks were constructed into New Mexico, the civil engineers decided that it was more practical to go through Lamy, a town in Santa Fe County to the south of Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico A branch line was completed from Lamy to Santa Fe in 1880. The Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad extended the narrow gauge Chili Line from the nearby city of Española to Santa Fe in 1886. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico When Hewett tried to attract a summer program for Texas women, many artists rebelled, saying the city should not promote artificial tourism at the expense of its artistic culture. The writers and artists formed the Old Santa Fe Association and defeated the plan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico However, "in the rush to pueblofy" Santa Fe, the city lost a great deal of its architectural history and eclecticism. Among the architects most closely associated with this new style are T. Charles Gaastra and John Gaw Meem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico It also contains the primary United States Postal Service post office in the city. Other post offices in the Santa Fe city limits include Coronado, De Vargas Mall, and Santa Fe Place Mall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The biennials are on par with such renowned exhibitions as the Whitney Biennial and the Venice Biennale. Santa Fe contains a lively contemporary art scene, with Meow Wolf as its main art collective. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe's daily newspaper is the Santa Fe New Mexican and each Friday, it publishes Pasatiempo, its long-running calendar and commentary on arts and events. The Magazine has been the arts magazine of Santa Fe since its founding by Guy Cross in 1992. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The 2006 racing video game Need For Speed: Carbon has an unused part of its Palmont City setting called San Juan, which you briefly play in, in the tutorial for the game's career mode. The San Juan setting is very loosely based on Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Founded in 1937, Performance Santa Fe brings celebrated and legendary musicians as well as some of the world's greatest dancers and actors to the city year-round. The Santa Fe Opera stages its productions between late June and late August each year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Opera stages its productions between late June and late August each year. The city also hosts the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival which is held at about the same time, mostly in the St. Francis Auditorium and in the Lensic Theater. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The historic Bandelier National Monument and the Valles Caldera can be found about 30 mi (48 km) away. Santa Fe's ski resort, Ski Santa Fe, is about 16 mi (26 km) northeast of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico Lamy is also served by Amtrak's daily Southwest Chief for train service to Chicago, Los Angeles, and intermediate points. Passengers transiting Lamy may use a special connecting coach/van service to reach Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The city has six private college preparatory high schools: Santa Fe Waldorf School, St. Michael's High School, Desert Academy, New Mexico School For The Deaf, Santa Fe Secondary School, Santa Fe Preparatory School, and the Mandela International Magnet School. The Santa Fe Indian School is an off-reservation school for Native Americans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Indian School is an off-reservation school for Native Americans. Santa Fe is also the location of the New Mexico School for the Arts, a public-private partnership, arts-focused high school. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, New Mexico A highway route that roughly follows the trail's path, through the entire length of Kansas, the southeast corner of Colorado and northern New Mexico, has been designated as the Santa Fe Trail National Scenic Byway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail After Warfield headed toward the Rockies with a companion, McDaniel led a robbery in April 1843 (in present-day Rice County, Kansas) of a lightly manned Santa Fe Trail trading caravan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail In Missouri, this includes the 85th and Manchester "Three Trails" Trail Segment, Arrow Rock Ferry Landing, Santa Fe Trail – Grand Pass Trail Segments, and Santa Fe Trail – Saline County Trail Segments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail It was later used extensively by people from the United States in the 19th century after the Louisiana Purchase. Traders and settlers crossed the southwest of North America by the route connecting Independence, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail Traders and settlers crossed the southwest of North America by the route connecting Independence, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. Its major market in Missouri was St. Louis, with its port on the Mississippi River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail Manufactured goods were hauled from the state of Missouri in the United States to Santa Fe, which was in the northern Mexican state of Nuevo Mexico. Settlers seeking the opportunity to hold free land used wagon trains to follow various emigrant trails that branched off to points west. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail After disbanding the volunteers under his command, Warfield located and joined the 190-man, Texas "Battalion of Invincibles," under the command of Snively. New Mexico governor Manuel Armijo led Mexican troops out of Santa Fe to protect incoming caravans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail New Mexico governor Manuel Armijo led Mexican troops out of Santa Fe to protect incoming caravans. But, after the Invincibles destroyed much of an advance party led by Captain Ventura Lovato, the governor retreated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail Travelers faced many hardships along the Santa Fe Trail. The trail was a challenging 900 miles (1,400 km) of dangerous plains, hot deserts, and steep and rocky mountains. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Trail During this period, Rosario was a small settlement and a stop on the way from the city of Santa Fe to Buenos Aires. In 1823, it was elevated to the category of "village" (Ilustre y Fiel Villa del Rosario). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rosario, Santa Fe Additionally, two private companies provided limited passenger services to several major cities. Trenes de Buenos Aires (TBA) ran weekly trains south to Retiro in Buenos Aires and north to Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rosario, Santa Fe It directly services the area of Santa Fe that produces a large portion of Argentine exports, and indirectly the whole Mercosur trade bloc. In 2003 the traffic in the port amounted to 2.9 million tonnes (3,200,000 short tons). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rosario, Santa Fe The Navarre–Anderson Trading Post is a former trading post complex located at 3775 North Custer Road in Frenchtown Charter Township along the River Raisin in Monroe County, Michigan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Navarre–Anderson Trading Post In 1942, Santa Fe was coached by Jack Greenwell, former Barcelona player and coach, notable for having won three times the Copa del Rey and the 1939 South American Championship with Peru. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe Other grounds that have been used by Independiente Santa Fe for their home games have been: the Estadio Alfonso López Pumarejo, its first ground, the Estadio Municipal Los Zipas and the Estadio Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe The club was recognized as one of the ten best clubs in the world in 2015 by the IFFHS, occupying the seventh position and being the best ranked of South America. Santa Fe has a fierce rivalry with Millonarios who share the same stadium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe was at first going to be a team based on ex-students of Gimnasio Moderno, but later incorporated players from other schools. The primary objective of the club was to participate in a local tournament hosted by the Sports Association of Bogotá. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe On August 15, Santa Fe played its first game in the professional championship against Deportes Caldas, a match that ended 3–3. Santa Fe finished the league as the first champion of the Colombian first division, winning 12 of 18 games, drew 3 and also lost 3. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe won the first match and drew in the second, with an aggregate score of 3–2, winning its 8th title. That year, Santa Fe was runner-up in the Copa Colombia, losing the Finals against Deportes Tolima with an aggregate score of 3–2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe After drawing 0–0 in both matches, the winner had to be decided on penalties. There Santa Fe won 3–1, thus getting the first international title of the club and qualifying for the 2016 Copa Libertadores, 2016 Recopa Sudamericana and 2016 Suruga Bank Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe has a lot of important commercial centres, busy cultural life, interesting options in sports and tourism, numerous artistic and musical events, and an exciting nightlife. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina In a nutshell, Santa Fe offers a complete and varied shade of attractions that make one dive into history when visiting monuments, museums or find oneself in the beautiful parks, rivers and streams surrounded by wild flora and fauna. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz has about 391,164 inhabitants per the 2010 census [INDEC]. The metropolitan area has a population of 653,073, making it the eighth largest in Argentina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina Despite of having had four railway stations, nowadays the city Santa Fe is not served by rail transport. The Mitre Railway station is no longer used since 2007, when defunct company Trenes de Buenos Aires cancelled its services to Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina Santa Fe put itself on the international sports map as one of the host cities of the 1990 FIBA World Championship. The games were played in the Estadio de la Facultad Regional Santa Fe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina The games were played in the Estadio de la Facultad Regional Santa Fe. The city is also home to two first division football teams: Club Atlético Colón and Club Atlético Unión, who contest the Santa Fe derby. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe, Argentina Rural Trading Post (1995–2002)The State Library of South Australia has physical and microfilm versions of the South Australian version of the publication available from edition 1 (March 1978). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trading Post (newspaper) In March 2004, the Trading Post Group company was bought by Telstra's Sensis directories division for $636 million. At the time of sale, the company had grown nationally to 22 print publications and five related websites. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Trading Post (newspaper) In March, 2008, the railroad was completing the triple-tracking of Cajon Pass in California, creating four tracks through the pass—three BNSF (former Santa Fe and newly installed) and one Union Pacific (former Southern Pacific). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BNSF Railway Some railfans also refer to the logo as "The Wedge" scheme. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BNSF Railway The BNSF Railway Company is the principal operating subsidiary of parent company Burlington Northern Santa Fe, LLC. Headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, the railroad's parent company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BNSF Railway The creation of BNSF started with the formation of a holding company on September 22, 1995. This new holding company purchased the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (often called the "Santa Fe") and Burlington Northern Railroad, and formally merged the railways into the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BNSF Railway "BNSF" replaced "SANTA FE" on the front of the unit, and "Burlington Northern Santa Fe" was painted on the side. Dubbed as "Premium Heritage," the paint scheme was widely rejected by the public, and was often called the "Vomit Bonnet" and the "Barfbonnet." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) BNSF Railway As part of the joining of the two firms, all rail and non-rail assets owned by Santa Fe Industries and the Southern Pacific Transportation Company were placed under the control of a holding company, the Santa Fe–Southern Pacific Corporation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway But Santa Fe flyers also served Tulsa, Oklahoma, El Paso, Texas, Phoenix, Arizona (the Hassayampa Flyer), and Denver, Colorado, among other cities not on their main line. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Early after Amtrak's inception in 1971, Santa Fe embarked on a program to repaint the red bonnet on its F units that were still engaged in hauling passenger consists with yellow (also called Yellowbonnets) or dark blue (nicknamed Bluebonnets), as it no longer wanted to project the image of a passenger carrier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Because of a labor dispute with the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, who insisted that every cab in a diesel-electric locomotive consist must be manned, FT sets #101-#105 were delivered in A-B-B-B sets, instead of the A-B-B-A sets used by the rest of Santa Fe's FT's. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1946, the writer Ayn Rand met with Lee Lyles, assistant to the president of the Santa Fe, as part of her research for the novel Atlas Shrugged, whose plot centers on a large railway company. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Eventually a branch line from Lamy, New Mexico brought the Santa Fe railroad to its namesake city. The Santa Fe was a pioneer in intermodal freight transport; at one time or another it operated an airline, the short-lived Santa Fe Skyway, and a tugboat fleet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway It offered discounted fares to anyone who traveled west to inspect land; if the land was purchased, the railroad applied the passenger's fare toward the price of the land. AT&SF reached Albuquerque in 1880; Santa Fe, the original destination of the railroad, found itself on a short branch from Lamy, New Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1928, Santa Fe sold its half of the NWP to SP. Also in 1928, Santa Fe purchased the U.S. portion of the Kansas City, Mexico & Orient Railway (the Mexican portion of the line became the Chihuahua-Pacific Railway, now part of National Railways of Mexico). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (In the early 1980s, gold was discovered on several properties west of Battle Mountain, Nevada along I-80, on ground owned by the Santa Fe Railroad (formerly SP).) The Santa Fe Pacific Corporation (a name correlation of Santa Fe and Southern Pacific) was to develop the properties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Of these, the Chicago-Texas trains were the most famous and impressive. The San Diegans, which ran from Los Angeles to San Diego, were the most popular and durable, becoming to the Santa Fe what New York City-Philadelphia trains were to the Pennsylvania Railroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The latter were later converted to diesel power, and one pair of Budd Rail Diesel Cars was eventually added. After World War II, Santa Fe Trailways buses replaced most of these lesser trains. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Occasionally, a special train was chartered to make a high-profile run over the Santa Fe's track. These specials were not included in the railroad's regular revenue service lineup, but were intended as one-time (and usually one-way) traversals of the railroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The subsidiary Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe often painted all or part of the smokebox (between the boiler and the headlight) white or silver. In 1940, the circle and cross emblem was applied to the tenders of a few passenger locomotives, but these were all later painted over. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In 1940, the circle and cross emblem was applied to the tenders of a few passenger locomotives, but these were all later painted over. After World War II, "Santa Fe" appeared on tender sides of mainline road locomotives in white, above the unit number. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After World War II, "Santa Fe" appeared on tender sides of mainline road locomotives in white, above the unit number. Locomotives were delivered from Baldwin with white paint on the wheel rims, but the road did not repaint these "whitewalls" after shopping the locomotives. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 769 (2-8-0), located at the Old Coal Mine Museum in Madrid, New Mexico. It is waiting to be moved to the Santa Fe Southern Railway in Santa Fe for future restoration to operating condition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In later years, Santa Fe adapted the scheme to its gas-electric "doodlebug" units. The standard for all of Santa Fe's passenger locomotives, the Warbonnet is considered by many to be the most-recognized corporate logo in the railroad industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The units were re-designated as #101 and #102 and reentered service on July 4, 1989, as part of the new "Super Fleet" campaign (the first Santa Fe units to be so decorated for freight service). The six remaining FP45 units were thereafter similarly repainted and renumbered. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The six remaining FP45 units were thereafter similarly repainted and renumbered. From that point forward, most new locomotives wore red and silver, and many retained this scheme after the Burlington Northern Santa Fe merger, some with "BNSF" displayed across their sides. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Several experimental and commemorative paint schemes emerged during the Santa Fe's diesel era. One combination was developed and partially implemented in anticipation of a merger between the parent companies of the Santa Fe and Southern Pacific (SP) railroads in 1984. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe units repainted in this scheme were labeled "SF", Southern Pacific units "SP", and some (presumably new) units wore the letters "SPSF". After the ICC's denial of the merger, railfans joked that SPSF really stood for "Shouldn't Paint So Fast." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway This humid, temperate climate explains why Central and Southern Santa Fe are among the nation's richest agricultural regions, with crops such as maize and soybeans popular, and a very well developed dairy industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Province The ports between Rosario and San Lorenzo are departure points for the export of the production of the Santa Fe and many other provinces; through them leave 65% of the Argentine cereal and 55% of the country's exports. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Province Nickname "El Látigo" (The Whip). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Province In 2005 the ports of southern Santa Fe shipped 60% of the grains, 93% of the agricultural subproducts and 85% of the vegetable oils exported by Argentina. Manufacturing in Santa Fe represents 18% of its economy and is also among the top in Argentina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Santa Fe Province In 2012, the third generation Santa Fe became available in two versions (regular and extended versions), with the (five-seater) Sport in September 2012 and the extended long wheel base model which replaced the Veracruz, available at showrooms in November 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe Both engines shift through a six-speed automatic transmission (already found in the Azera sedan), returning up to 33 mpg‑US (7.1 L/100 km; 40 mpg‑imp) for the naturally aspirated model and 31 mpg‑US (7.6 L/100 km; 37 mpg‑imp) for the Santa Fe Sport 2.0T model. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe In "Team", a young boy recruits his own team to take on a group of children who took his football, with the long-wheelbase Santa Fe being used to gather various members of his team, all of which are shown to do various tasks that would typically require adults (such as wrestling a bear, rescuing a man from a burning building and welding). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe The second generation Hyundai Santa Fe was awarded 2008 Consumer Reports "top pick" and was among the top 10 vehicles for 2008 unveiled in the magazine's issue. The magazine's annual ratings, based on road tests and predicted safety and reliability, are considered highly influential among consumers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe In 2012, the third generation Santa Fe became available in two versions (regular and extended versions), with the (five-seater) Sport in September 2012 and the extended long wheel base model which replaced the Veracruz, available at showrooms in November 2012. As of 2019, the Santa Fe has been slotted between the Tucson and the Palisade. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe Part of a joint venture with Hyundai Motors that began in 2002, a Chinese company, Hawtai Motor, manufactured the first-generation Santa Fe. While it did make Hyundai-branded models for sale on the Chinese market, one of the versions it debuted under its own brand name in 2009 was the Santa Fe C9. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe While it did make Hyundai-branded models for sale on the Chinese market, one of the versions it debuted under its own brand name in 2009 was the Santa Fe C9. Utilizing a 1.8-liter turbocharged inline-four engine acquired from Rover, it was intended to be priced at a significant discount to those bearing the Hyundai name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe The middle rear seating position now comes with its own head restraint and a three-point seat belt built in. LATCH child seat anchors are also standard, and an optional 50/50 third row seat allows Santa Fe to seat seven passengers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe A navigation system made by LG was offered and the Infinity sound system and the power glass sunroof were made standard on Limited models. The non-metallic white paint trim was dropped, leaving the pearl white as the only white color available on the Santa Fe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe A mid-cycle refresh designed in Germany for the Santa Fe was implemented for the 2010 model year. The grille now includes horizontal and vertical gridded bars as opposed to the horizontal two-bar grille on previous models, and grilles are now body-colored instead of black. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe All Santa Fe's now include standard Bluetooth hands-free phone connectivity and steering wheel audio controls, new darker wood trim, and metallic steering wheel inlay. Gauges have been designed with a new lettering and numbering typeface and backlight design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe On September 1, 2010, North American production of the Santa Fe shifted to Kia's new West Point, Georgia assembly plant for the 2011 model year. This was done to free up production capacity at the Alabama plant for the new Sonata and new Elantra. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe There is a Hyundai Santa Fe Blue Hybrid that is powered by petrol engine coupled to a 30 kW (41 PS; 40 hp) electric motor. The Santa Fe blue Hybrid uses a 270 V lithium polymer battery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe While the Santa Fe Sport is solely available in two-row in the North America, a third-row seat option is available as standard or optional in most regions outside North America. The 2013 Santa Fe Sport went on sale in September 2012 for the North American market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe The 2013 Santa Fe Sport models arrives with an all four-cylinder engine lineup. The standard engine is a 2.4 L developing 190 horsepower (142 kW), with a 264 hp (268 PS; 197 kW) 2.0 L turbo four on offer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe The Chinese market fourth-generation Santa Fe was introduced in 2019 (called "Shengda" (胜达) in Chinese), featuring a restyled rear end similar to the eighth-generation Sonata. The Chinese version is 160 mm (6.3 in) longer than the international version, and featuring a 100 mm (3.9 in) longer wheelbase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyundai Santa Fe The Trading Post Perth Challenge was the fourth event of the 2011 International V8 Supercars Championship. It was the 34th time a motor racing event held at Barbagallo Raceway had contributed to the Australian Touring Car Championship and its successors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2011 Trading Post Perth Challenge Santa Fe ( SAN-tə FAY, -⁠ fay; Spanish: [santaˈfe], Spanish for "Holy Faith"; Tewa: Oghá P'o'oge; Northern Tiwa: Hulp'ó'ona; Navajo: Yootó) is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico It is the fourth-largest city in New Mexico with a population of 84,683 in 2019, the county seat of Santa Fe County, and its metropolitan area is part of the larger Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Las Vegas combined statistical area, with a population of 1,178,664 in 2018. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Before European colonization of the Americas, the area Santa Fe occupied between 900 CE and the 1500s was known to the Tewa peoples as Oghá P'o'oge ("White Shell Water Place") and by the Navajo people as Yootó ('Bead' 'Water Place'). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Formal Spanish settlements were developed leading the colonial governor Pedro de Peralta to rename the area La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís (the Royal Town of the Holy Faith of Saint Francis of Assisi). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Lack of Native American representation within New Mexico's early government led to the 1680 Pueblo Revolt, when groups of different Native Pueblo peoples were successful in driving the Spaniards out of New Mexico to El Paso, the Pueblo continued running New Mexico proper from the Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe from 1680 to 1692. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico The styles run the whole spectrum from Baroque to Post-modern. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Tourism is a major element of the Santa Fe economy, with visitors attracted year-round by the climate and related outdoor activities (such as skiing in years of adequate snowfall; hiking in other seasons) plus cultural activities of the city and the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Other areas include "Museum Hill", the site of the major art museums of the city as well as the Santa Fe International Folk Art Market, which takes place each year during the second full weekend of July. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico These include the Dale Ball Trails, a 24.4-mile (39.3 km) network starting within two miles (3.2 km) of the Santa Fe Plaza; the long Santa Fe Rail Trail to Lamy; the Atalaya Trail up Atalaya Mountain; and the Santa Fe River Trail. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico The area surrounding Santa Fe was occupied for at least several thousand years by indigenous people who built villages several hundred years ago on the current site of the city. It was known by the Tewa inhabitants as Ogha Po'oge ("White Shell Water Place"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 CE. A group of native Tewa built a cluster of homes that centered around the site of today's Plaza and spread for half a mile to the south and west; the village was called Oghá P'o'oge in Tewa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico A group of native Tewa built a cluster of homes that centered around the site of today's Plaza and spread for half a mile to the south and west; the village was called Oghá P'o'oge in Tewa. The Tanoans and other Pueblo peoples settled along the Santa Fe River for its water and transportation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico As of 2007, the river was recognized as the most endangered river in the United States, according to the conservation group American Rivers. Don Juan de Oñate led the first Spanish effort to colonize the region in 1598, establishing Santa Fe de Nuevo México as a province of New Spain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Under Juan de Oñate and his son, the capital of the province was the settlement of San Juan de los Caballeros north of Santa Fe near modern Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo. Juan de Oñate was banished and exiled from New Mexico by the Spanish, after his rule was deemed cruel towards the indigenous population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Other governors of New Mexico, such as Tomás Vélez Cachupin, continued to be better known for their more forward thinking work with the indigenous population of New Mexico. Santa Fe was Spain's provincial seat at outbreak of the Mexican War of Independence in 1810. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico When the Republic of Texas seceded from Mexico in 1836, it attempted to claim Santa Fe and other parts of Nuevo México as part of the western portion of Texas along the Río Grande. In 1841, a small military and trading expedition set out from Austin, intending to take control of the Santa Fe Trail. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico. Brigadier General Stephen W. Kearny led the main body of his Army of the West of some 1,700 soldiers into Santa Fe to claim it and the whole New Mexico Territory for the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Brigadier General Stephen W. Kearny led the main body of his Army of the West of some 1,700 soldiers into Santa Fe to claim it and the whole New Mexico Territory for the United States. By 1848 the U.S. officially gained New Mexico through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Activists created a number of resources for the arts and archaeology, notably the School of American Research, created in 1907 under the leadership of the prominent archaeologist Edgar Lee Hewett. In the early 20th century, Santa Fe became a base for numerous writers and artists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Edgar L. Hewett, founder and first director of the School of American Research and the Museum of New Mexico in Santa Fe, was a leading promoter. He began the Santa Fe Fiesta in 1919 and the Southwest Indian Fair in 1922 (now known as the Indian Market). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico He began the Santa Fe Fiesta in 1919 and the Southwest Indian Fair in 1922 (now known as the Indian Market). When Hewett tried to attract a summer program for Texas women, many artists rebelled, saying the city should not promote artificial tourism at the expense of its artistic culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Three secondary targeted industries for Santa Fe to focus development in are health care, retiree services, and food & beverage. Angelou Economics recognized three economic signs that Santa Fe's economy was at risk of long-term deterioration. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Since its opening in 1995, SITE Santa Fe has been committed to supporting new developments in contemporary art, encouraging artistic exploration, and expanding traditional museum experiences. Launched in 1995 to organize the only international biennial of contemporary art in the United States, SITE Santa Fe has drawn global attention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Launched in 1995 to organize the only international biennial of contemporary art in the United States, SITE Santa Fe has drawn global attention. The biennials are on par with such renowned exhibitions as the Whitney Biennial and the Venice Biennale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe has its own professional ballet company, Aspen Santa Fe Ballet, which performs in both cities and tours nationally and internationally. Santa Fe is also home to internationally acclaimed Flamenco dancer's María Benítez Institute for Spanish Arts which offers programs and performance in Flamenco, Spanish Guitar and similar arts year round. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico Popular day trips in the Santa Fe area include locations such as the town of Taos, about 70 mi (113 km) north of Santa Fe. The historic Bandelier National Monument and the Valles Caldera can be found about 30 mi (48 km) away. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Southern Railway, now mostly a tourist rail experience but also carrying freight, operates excursion services out of Santa Fe as far as Lamy, 15 miles (24 km) to the southeast. The Santa Fe Southern line is one of the United States' few rails with trails. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Southern line is one of the United States' few rails with trails. Lamy is also served by Amtrak's daily Southwest Chief for train service to Chicago, Los Angeles, and intermediate points. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Jack Rabbit Trading Post is a convenience store and curio shop located on former U.S. Route 66, five miles west of Joseph City, Arizona city limits off of Exit 269 on Interstate 40. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jack Rabbit Trading Post It was founded in 1949, on the site of either a Santa Fe Railroad building or a former snake farm, depending on the source, and became famous for a series of billboards that stretched from Missouri to Arizona, each bearing the silhouette of a jackrabbit and the distance from that sign to the trading post. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jack Rabbit Trading Post The road route is commemorated today by the National Park Service as the Santa Fe National Historic Trail. A highway route that roughly follows the trail's path, through the entire length of Kansas, the southeast corner of Colorado and northern New Mexico, has been designated as the Santa Fe Trail National Scenic Byway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail Beginning in 1826, prominent aristocratic families of New Mexicans, such as the Chávezes, Armijos, Pereas, and Oteros, entered into the commerce along the trail. By 1843, traders from New Mexico and Chihuahua had become the majority of traders involved in the traffic of goods over the Santa Fe Trail. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail By 1843, traders from New Mexico and Chihuahua had become the majority of traders involved in the traffic of goods over the Santa Fe Trail. In 1835, Mexico City had sent Albino Pérez to govern the department of New Mexico as Jefe Politico (political chief or governor) and as commanding military officer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail Local merchants and citizens at the U.S. end of the Santa Fe Trail demanded justice and a return to the stable commerce which their economy depended on. After the murder of Chávez, Warfield began limited military hostilities in the region using recruits from the southern Rockies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail In February 1843, Colonel Jacob Snively had received a commission to intercept Mexican caravans along the Santa Fe Trail, similar to that received by Warfield the year prior. After disbanding the volunteers under his command, Warfield located and joined the 190-man, Texas "Battalion of Invincibles," under the command of Snively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail Inside Kansas, the AT&SF roadbed roughly paralleled the Santa Fe Trail west of Topeka as it expanded between 1868 and 1874. When a railroad bridge was built across the Missouri River to connect eastern markets to the Dodge City cattle trail and Colorado coal mines, the railroad spurred the growth of Kansas City, Missouri. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail Also on this trail, unlike the Oregon trail, there was a serious danger of Indian attacks, for neither the Comanches nor the Apaches of the southern high plains tolerated trespassers. In 1825, Congress voted for federal protection for the Santa Fe Trail, even though much of it lay in the Mexican territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail The longest clearly identifiable section of the trail, Santa Fe Trail Remains, near Dodge City, Kansas, is listed as a National Historic Landmark. In Colorado, Santa Fe Trail Mountain Route – Bent's New Fort is included on the National Register. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Trail The idea of creating a municipal financial institution was expressed in 1893 by Mayor Floduardo Grandoli, citing the proliferation of "centers of usury" that exploited those in need of credit, especially the poor (something not addressed by the profile of the Provincial Bank of Santa Fe, which granted loans only to demonstrably solvent persons). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe Rosario (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈsaɾjo]) is the largest city in the central Argentina province of Santa Fe. The city is located 300 km (186 mi) northwest of Buenos Aires, on the west bank of the Paraná River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe The Socialist Party has won mayoral races in the city in every election since Councilman Héctor Cavallero's 1989 election. Cavallero's successor, Hermes Binner (elected in 1995), was elected Governor of Santa Fe in 2007 and became the runner-up in the 2011 presidential election on the FAP ticket. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe The Municipal Bank was founded in 1896 to support the financial needs of the citizens and small businesses in the highly productive region of southern Santa Fe Province, centered in Rosario. At the time, the city had around 92,000 inhabitants and was already the most important port on the Paraná River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe The Rosario – Islas Malvinas International Airport is located 13 km (8 mi) west-northwest from the center of Rosario, a city in the Santa Fe Province of Argentina. The city of Funes lies directly to the west of the airport, and part of the city limit shares a border with the property of the airport grounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe The airport covers an area of 550 hectares (1359 acres) and is operated by the Province of Santa Fe. The airport serves the Greater Rosario area and is the main hub for Sol Líneas Aéreas and is also served by Aerolíneas Argentinas, Pluna and Gol Transportes Aéreos. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosario, Santa Fe The goalscorer of the team was the Spanish Argentine Jesús María Lires with 20 goals, second goalscorer of the tournament. Next year Santa Fe was third, five points behind the champion, local rivals Millonarios. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe The first match ended in a 1–1 draw and the second was a 1–0 victory for Santa Fe. They got its first Superliga Colombiana title the next year and were runners-up in the 2013 Torneo Apertura, won by Atlético Nacional. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe There Santa Fe won 3–1, thus getting the first international title of the club and qualifying for the 2016 Copa Libertadores, 2016 Recopa Sudamericana and 2016 Suruga Bank Championship. Santa Fe's Wilson Morelo tied with three footballers as top goalscorers of the tournament with five goals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe The first badge of Santa Fe was designed by Ernesto Gamboa and Gonzalo Rueda with a clear British influence. Highlighting the Bogotá flag colors, red and yellow, combined to form the Holy Cross, a symbol of faith and respect, referring to the name of the club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe There are many versions about the origin of the colors of the uniform. The most commonly accepted version is that Luis Robledo, one of the founders of the Independiente Santa Fe who was educated in England, was a fan of Arsenal, thus gives the team the red and white, which from 1941 became the symbol of the club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe In the late 1990s, the most notorious Barra brava of Santa Fe, La Guardia Albi-Roja Sur (White-Red South Guard) was created. It was one of the first fan-led organizations in Colombia that was fully formalized. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independiente Santa Fe Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz was founded by Captain Juan de Garay in the nearby site of Cayastá in 1573. The site is today a historical park containing the grave of Hernandarias, the first American-born governor in South America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, Argentina The settlement was moved to the present site in 1653 due to the constant flooding of the Cayastá River. The city became the provincial capital in 1814, when the territory of the province of Santa Fe was separated from the province of Buenos Aires by the National Constituent Assembly, held in the city in 1853. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, Argentina The city's location is still not immune to flooding, however. On April 29, 2003, the Salado, which empties into the Paraná near Santa Fe, rose almost 2 m (6.5 ft) in a few hours following heavy rainfall, and caused a catastrophic flood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, Argentina The city is also home to two first division football teams: Club Atlético Colón and Club Atlético Unión, who contest the Santa Fe derby. Santa Fe was also the place where the world known [[Amilcar Brusa]] was born and raised, and the home of boxers Carlos Baldomir and Julio César Vásquez. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe, Argentina The Adelaide Private Trader (21 March 1978 – 25 July 1985) - from edition number 95 (28 November 1981), it was subtitled "incorporating Adelaide Trading Post" which had existed as a separate rival publication since 5 September 1968. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Trading Post (newspaper) Although the two systems complemented each other with little overlap, in contrast to the Santa Fe-Southern Pacific merger, which failed because it would have eliminated competition in many areas of the Southwest, BN and ATSF came to agreements with most other Class Is to keep them from opposing the merger. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway According to a conductor quoted by The Oregonian "Pretty much see people down there at all hours of the night. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway VMV Enterprises in Paducah, Kentucky painted it in a one-of-a-kind "commemorative" scheme, combining Santa Fe's "Warbonnet" with BN's "Executive" colors of dark "Grinstein green" and cream (instead of SF's red and silver). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway BNSF trains traveled over 169 million miles (272 million km) in 2010, more than any other North American railroad. The BNSF Railway Company is the principal operating subsidiary of parent company Burlington Northern Santa Fe, LLC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway The long-rumored announcement was delayed by a disagreement over the disposition of Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation, a gold mining subsidiary that ATSF agreed to sell to stockholders. This announcement began the next wave of mergers, as the "Super Seven" were merged down to four in the next five years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway Parents Burlington Northern Inc. and Santa Fe Pacific Corporation were acquired on September 22, 1995 by the new Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. The merger of the operating companies was held up by issues with unions; ATSF merged on December 31, 1996 into BN, which was renamed the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway Company. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway According to a conductor quoted by The Oregonian "Pretty much see people down there at all hours of the night. We report them but nobody does anything." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway On the front was a new logo, placing "Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway" in the Santa Fe cross. Some of the striping details were different on each side, and employees voted for the simpler right-side design, which, with some minor changes, became the new scheme, replacing the BN colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) BNSF Railway While Southern Pacific (railroad) was sold off to Rio Grande Industries, all of the SP's real estate holdings were consolidated into a new company, Catellus Development Corporation, making it California's largest private landowner, of which Santa Fe remained the owner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Scott Special: Los Angeles, California — Chicago, Illinois (the most well-known of Santa Fe's "specials," also known as the Coyote Special, the Death Valley Coyote, and the Death Valley Scotty Special: a one-time, record-breaking train that ran in 1905, essentially as a publicity stunt). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Aside from the 2-10-2, Santa Fe rostered virtually every type of steam locomotive imaginable, including 4-4-2 Atlantics, 2-6-0 Moguls, 2-8-0 Consolidations, 2-8-2 Mikados, 2-10-0 Decapods, 2-6-2 Prairies, 4-8-4 Northerns, 4-6-4 Hudsons, 4-6-2 Pacifics, 4-8-2 Mountains, 2-8-4 Berkshires, and 2-10-4 Texas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe's first set of diesel-electric passenger locomotives was placed in service on the Super Chief in 1936, and consisted of a pair of blunt-nosed units (EMC 1800 hp B-B) designated as Nos. 1 and 1A. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Due to the lack of abundant water sources in the American desert, the Santa Fe Railway was among the first railroads to receive large numbers of streamlined diesel locomotives for use in freight service, in the form of the EMD FT. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The words SANTA FE were applied in yellow in a 5"–high extended font, and centered on the nose was the "Santa Fe" box logo (initially consisting of a blue cross, circle, and square painted on a solid bronze sheet, but subsequently changed to baked steel sheets painted bronze with the blue identifying elements applied on top). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway In January, 1951, Santa Fe revised the scheme to consist of three yellow stripes running up the nose, with the addition of a blue and yellow Cigar Band (similar in size and shape to that applied to passenger units); the blue background and elongated yellow "SANTA FE" lettering were retained. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The words "Santa Fe" were applied in yellow in large bold serif letters (logotype) to the sides of the locomotive below the accent stripe (save for yard switchers which displayed the "SANTA FE" in small yellow letters above the accent stripe, somewhat akin to the Zebra Stripe arrangement). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opened in 1936, initiating a slow decline in demand for SP's ferry service, which was eventually discontinued circa 1958; starting in 1938, SF-bound passengers could board buses across the bridge at the Santa Fe Oakland depot (located in Emeryville). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Later notes in the same journals show that Rand assigned to various characters in her book administrative titles in the book's fictional railway company, modeled on those in the Santa Fe Railway, and adjusted the actions which they are depicted as taking in various situations on the basis of what Lyles told her would be plausible acts for railway executives in similar situations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (reporting mark ATSF), often referred to as the Santa Fe or AT&SF, was one of the larger railroads in the United States. The railroad was chartered in February, 1859 to serve the cities of Atchison, Kansas, Topeka, Kansas and Santa Fe, New Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway AT&SF reached Albuquerque in 1880; Santa Fe, the original destination of the railroad, found itself on a short branch from Lamy, New Mexico. In March 1881 AT&SF connected with the Southern Pacific (SP) at Deming, New Mexico, forming the second transcontinental rail route. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Upper quadrant Magnetic Flagmen were used extensively on the Santa Fe as well—virtually every small town main street and a number of city streets had their crossings protected by these unique wigwags. Virtually all the wigwags were replaced with modern signals by the turn of the 21st century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 3751 (4-8-4), the Santa Fe's and Baldwin's very first 4-8-4, was once on display at Viaduct Park near the AT&SF depot in San Bernardino, California. The locomotive was moved out of the park in 1986 to be restored and, after almost 5 years later, No. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 3759 (4-8-4): This locomotive is known for pulling the "Farewell to Steam Excursion" for the Santa Fe in 1955 before it was donated to the City of Kingman, Arizona, where it is currently on static display. It was almost acquired by the Grand Canyon Railway in the early 1990s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway The "Santa Fe" name was emblazoned on the sides in large black letters, using the same stencils used on freight engines; these were soon repainted in red. In 1989, Santa Fe resurrected this version of the "Warbonnet" scheme and applied it to two SDFP45 units, #5992 and #5998. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe's most important cities are Rosario (population 1,193,605), the capital Santa Fe (369,000), Rafaela (100,000), Reconquista (99,000) Villa Gobernador Gálvez (74,000), Venado Tuerto (69,000), and Santo Tomé (58,000). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province In 1812 the lawyer and general Manuel Belgrano created and displayed for the first time the Argentine flag on the banks of the Paraná River, at Rosario (by that time a small village), 160 km (99 mi) south of Santa Fe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province In 1815, while Alvear's central government fell due to Ignacio Álvarez Thomas' rebellion (at that time commander of an army sent to Santa Fe against Artigas), Francisco Candioti, the local militia chief, took over the government peacefully, thus starting the era of Santa Fe as an autonomous province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Leon Gieco Called "The Argentine Bob Dylan". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Fernando Birri The father of the new Latin American cinema. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Roberto Fontanarrosa The most acclaimed historieta artists of his country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province First argentinne in The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Marcos Maidana, billed as "The Moment". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province He is the author of the scenario of the film Rebellion in Patagonia and The Girlfriend. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province López drew, in 1818, a provincial constitution of a strongly conservative flavour, after rejecting a project proposed by a provincial assembly; Santa Fe was the first province to have its constitution. During the civil strifes of 1820, Santa Fe troops were decisive in the defeat of Buenos Aires' centralist army. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province During the civil strifes of 1820, Santa Fe troops were decisive in the defeat of Buenos Aires' centralist army. So, in time, López gradually became the Federation's Patriarch, establishing himself as the central figure of the Federal Party until his death in 1838. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Derivates of soybean, flours and vegetable oils comprised over US$2 billion and over 7.6 million tonnes. In 2005 the ports of southern Santa Fe shipped 60% of the grains, 93% of the agricultural subproducts and 85% of the vegetable oils exported by Argentina. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Rosario, home to the National Flag Memorial (Monumento Nacional a la Bandera) and a number of museums, receives a number of visitors from Argentina. The replica of the Sancti Spiritus Fort, the ruins of Cayastá and the city of Santa Fe are also common destinations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province Since 1970, Rosario has been chosen by internal migrants, mainly from the north of Santa Fe and the northern provinces. A smaller minority of the population (20%) are Mestizos and an even lesser number (2-4%) are of full Amerindian descent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Santa Fe Province In its first year in production, the Santa Fe was offered with one of two engine and transmission combinations. In North America, a fuel-efficient 2.4 L four-cylinder engine was standard equipment and could be mated with either a 5-speed manual or a 4-speed automatic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyundai Santa Fe Newly standard on the latest iteration of the Santa Fe are all the safety features the previous model lacked or charged as extra. Electronic Stability Control (ESC), side-curtain airbags for all seating rows, a tire pressure monitor, active front head restraints, and anti-lock brakes are all standard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyundai Santa Fe Advertising Standards Bureau of Australia banned a Santa Fe TV commercial titled 'Restless' or 'Toddler' in 2007, which ASB argued that it promotes an illegal driving activity: an underaged person (a toddler) driving a car. He also picked up a hitchhiking toddler girl and both were wearing seatbelts instead of approved child restraints which also breached safety recommendations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyundai Santa Fe The Korean-spec Santa Fe was launched in Asia since April 19, 2012, in short wheel base form with 7-seater capacity. Available engine types are a 2.0L E-VGT R-Line and 2.2L E-VGT R-Line diesel engines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyundai Santa Fe The walls, of hand-hewn native timber, follow the exact alignment of the originals, and all supporting uprights are sized to match the originals and are reset in the original postholes. The reconstruction is so painstaking, in fact, that the James Bordeaux Trading Post is included in the National Register of Historic Places, a rare honor for any rebuilt structure. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bordeaux Trading Post It is considered one of the world's great art cities, due to its many art galleries and installations, and is recognized by UNESCO's Creative Cities Network. Cultural highlights include Santa Fe Plaza and the Palace of the Governors, and the Fiesta de Santa Fe, as well as distinct New Mexican cuisine restaurants and New Mexico music performances. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Formal Spanish settlements were developed leading the colonial governor Pedro de Peralta to rename the area La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís (the Royal Town of the Holy Faith of Saint Francis of Assisi). The Spanish phrase "Santa Fe" is translated as "Holy Faith" in English. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico The standard Spanish pronunciation of the city's name is SAHN-tah-FAY, as contextualized within the city's full Spanish name La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís. However, due to the large amounts of tourism and immigration into Santa Fe, an English pronunciation of SAN-tuh-FAY is also commonly used. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Don Juan de Oñate led the first Spanish effort to colonize the region in 1598, establishing Santa Fe de Nuevo México as a province of New Spain. Under Juan de Oñate and his son, the capital of the province was the settlement of San Juan de los Caballeros north of Santa Fe near modern Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Colonel Alexander William Doniphan, under the command of Kearny, recovered ammunition from Santa Fe labeled "Spain 1776" showing both the lack of communications and quality of military support New Mexico received under Mexican rule. Some American visitors at first saw little promise in the remote town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico During World War II, the federal government ordered a Japanese American internment camp to be established. Beginning in June 1942, the Department of Justice arrested 826 Japanese-American men after the attack on Pearl Harbor; they held them near Santa Fe, in a former Civilian Conservation Corps site that had been acquired and expanded for the purpose. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Beginning in June 1942, the Department of Justice arrested 826 Japanese-American men after the attack on Pearl Harbor; they held them near Santa Fe, in a former Civilian Conservation Corps site that had been acquired and expanded for the purpose. Although there was a lack of evidence and no due process, the men were held on suspicion of fifth column activity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Although there was a lack of evidence and no due process, the men were held on suspicion of fifth column activity. Security at Santa Fe was similar to a military prison, with twelve-foot barbed wire fences, guard towers equipped with searchlights, and guards carrying rifles, side arms and tear gas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe is also home to internationally acclaimed Flamenco dancer's María Benítez Institute for Spanish Arts which offers programs and performance in Flamenco, Spanish Guitar and similar arts year round. Other notable local figures include the National Dance Institute of New Mexico and German New Age musician Deuter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico The New Mexico Style were an American Basketball Association franchise founded in 2005, but reformed in Texas for the 2007–8 season as the El Paso S'ol (which folded without playing an ABA game in their new city). The Santa Fe Roadrunners were a North American Hockey League team, but moved to Kansas to become the Topeka Roadrunners. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Santa Fe has had an association with science and technology since 1943 when the town served as the gateway to Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), a 45-minute drive from the city. In 1984, the Santa Fe Institute (SFI) was founded to research complex systems in the physical, biological, economic, and political sciences. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico In 1984, the Santa Fe Institute (SFI) was founded to research complex systems in the physical, biological, economic, and political sciences. It has hosted such Nobel laureates as Murray Gell-Mann (physics), Philip Warren Anderson (physics), and Kenneth Arrow (economics). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Tourism is a major element of the Santa Fe economy, with visitors attracted year-round by the climate and related outdoor activities (such as skiing in years of adequate snowfall; hiking in other seasons) plus cultural activities of the city and the region. Tourism information is provided by the convention and visitor bureau and the chamber of commerce. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico Other areas include "Museum Hill", the site of the major art museums of the city as well as the Santa Fe International Folk Art Market, which takes place each year during the second full weekend of July. The Canyon Road arts area with its galleries is also a major attraction for locals and visitors alike. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, New Mexico The Santa Fe Trail was a 19th-century route through central North America that connected Franklin, Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. Pioneered in 1821 by William Becknell, who departed from the Boonslick region along the Missouri River, the trail served as a vital commercial highway until 1880, when the railroad arrived in Santa Fe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail Pioneered in 1821 by William Becknell, who departed from the Boonslick region along the Missouri River, the trail served as a vital commercial highway until 1880, when the railroad arrived in Santa Fe. Santa Fe was near the end of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro, which carried trade from Mexico City. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail The French explorer Pierre Vial pioneered the route in 1792, and French traders from St. Louis gained a fur trading monopoly from the Spanish in Santa Fe. Other Americans improved and publicized the Santa Fe Trail as of 1822, in order to take advantage of new trade opportunities with Mexico. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail He recruited John McDaniel and a small band of men in the proximate vicinity of St. Louis, giving McDaniel the rank of a Texas captain. After Warfield headed toward the Rockies with a companion, McDaniel led a robbery in April 1843 (in present-day Rice County, Kansas) of a lightly manned Santa Fe Trail trading caravan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail After Warfield headed toward the Rockies with a companion, McDaniel led a robbery in April 1843 (in present-day Rice County, Kansas) of a lightly manned Santa Fe Trail trading caravan. This resulted in the murder of its leader Antonio José Chávez, the son of a former governor of New Mexico, Francisco Xavier Chávez. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail Segments of this trail in Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In Missouri, this includes the 85th and Manchester "Three Trails" Trail Segment, Arrow Rock Ferry Landing, Santa Fe Trail – Grand Pass Trail Segments, and Santa Fe Trail – Saline County Trail Segments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail In Missouri, this includes the 85th and Manchester "Three Trails" Trail Segment, Arrow Rock Ferry Landing, Santa Fe Trail – Grand Pass Trail Segments, and Santa Fe Trail – Saline County Trail Segments. The longest clearly identifiable section of the trail, Santa Fe Trail Remains, near Dodge City, Kansas, is listed as a National Historic Landmark. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Trail On 25 December 1851, a small group of locals and the military guard of the city declared their support for the rival caudillo Justo José de Urquiza. As a reward for their participation in the Battle of Caseros, triumphant Urquiza wrote to the governor of Santa Fe on 9 June 1852 asking for Rosario to be granted city status. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe During the last 15 years of the 19th century, the city more than doubled its population, in part due to immigration. By 1887 it had about 50,000 inhabitants, of whom 40% were European immigrants, who brought new ideas from Europe and began to turn Rosario into a politically progressive city (contrasting with the more conservative, aristocratic Santa Fe). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe For years, local people and institutions have been pushing the provincial government to grant Rosario the status of Autonomous City. Some, with the sponsorship of the governors of Santa Fe, Entre Ríos and Córdoba as well as other important politicians, have put forward a legislative project to move the National Congress to Rosario, to decentralize the national government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe The Rosario Board of Trade hosts the country's largest commodity market, dealing in cereals and oilseeds, and also the largest futures exchange (ROFEX). The banking sector includes the state-owned Municipal Bank of Rosario, with branches and offices throughout the city, and the central branch of the New Bank of Santa Fe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe The section between National Route 9 and the exit to Santa Fe (the state capital) National Route 11 on the intersection with Rondeau Boulevard is called "National Route A008 Dr. Constantino Razzetti" by law #25769 of 1 September 2003.The A012 is the second beltway at the southeast of the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosario, Santa Fe In 1942, Santa Fe was coached by Jack Greenwell, former Barcelona player and coach, notable for having won three times the Copa del Rey and the 1939 South American Championship with Peru. That year Santa Fe played in the first division of the A.D.B., which was canceled in the middle of that year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independiente Santa Fe In the 2014 Copa Libertadores, Santa Fe played against Monarcas Morelia in the First Stage, drawing 2–2 on aggregate score and advancing to the next round due to away goals rule. In the Second Stage, the team was last of its group, in which they faced Atlético Mineiro, Club Nacional and Zamora, winning only one match of six. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independiente Santa Fe On April 29, 2003, the Salado, which empties into the Paraná near Santa Fe, rose almost 2 m (6.5 ft) in a few hours following heavy rainfall, and caused a catastrophic flood. No fewer than 100,000 people had to be evacuated, and large sections of the city remained under water more than a week later. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, Argentina The Mitre Railway station is no longer used since 2007, when defunct company Trenes de Buenos Aires cancelled its services to Santa Fe. Likewise, the Santa Fe Belgrano (built in 1891 and named Cultural Heritage) and Guadalupe stations had been entered into disuse in 1993 when the railway privatisation in Argentina ceased all the long-distance services in the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe, Argentina The Trading Post was a classified advertisement newspaper first published in Melbourne in 1966, named for the generic concept of a trading post. After changing hands a number of times, in 2004, the company (which had grown nationally to 22 print publications and five related websites) was bought for $636 million by Telstra. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trading Post (newspaper) The original founders of the Trading Post, Charles Falkiner and Margaret Wilkins, started the newspaper in 1966 using an initial outlay of $24,000. In 1968, the newspaper expanded operations in both Sydney and Brisbane, and the Adelaide, Perth, Tasmania, Darwin, and ACT editions were established during the 1980s and 1990s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Trading Post (newspaper) On February 12, 2010, shareholders of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation voted in favor of the acquisition. BNSF and its chief competitor, the Union Pacific Railroad, have a duopoly on all transcontinental freight rail lines in the Western U.S. and share trackage rights over thousands of miles of track. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The Aurora Branch eventually grew into the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, (CB&Q), a major component of successor Burlington Northern. A portion of the Pacific Railroad became the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (Frisco).The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF) was chartered in 1859. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway A portion of the Pacific Railroad became the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (Frisco).The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF) was chartered in 1859. It built one of the first transcontinental railroads in North America, linking Chicago and Southern California; major branches led to Texas, Denver, and San Francisco. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) approved the BNSF merger on July 20, 1995 (with final approval on August 23), less than a month before UP announced on August 3 that it would acquire SP. Parents Burlington Northern Inc. and Santa Fe Pacific Corporation were acquired on September 22, 1995 by the new Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway Most commonly, grain may move west on the Northern Transcon to the Pacific Northwest and its export terminals, or south to ports in Texas and the Gulf of Mexico. The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway's main contribution to BNSF was the Southern Transcon, a fast intermodal corridor connecting Southern California and Chicago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway's main contribution to BNSF was the Southern Transcon, a fast intermodal corridor connecting Southern California and Chicago. Most traffic is either trailers of trucking companies such as intermodal partner J. B. Hunt, or containers from the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The locomotives have since been returned after the cab cars went back into service. Although it does not have a steam program like the Union Pacific, the BNSF has allowed for the Southern Pacific 4449, St. Louis–San Francisco 1522, Santa Fe 3751, Spokane, Portland and Seattle 700 and Milwaukee Road 261 steam locomotives to operate excursions over their rails. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway On January 24, 2005, as part of its tenth anniversary celebration, the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway was renamed BNSF Railway, which adopted a new logo. By March, the logo had been applied to the sides and fronts of six ES44DCs, which were otherwise painted in the "Heritage II" scheme, except with black replacing dark green. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The "New Image" scheme is also referred to as "Heritage III", the "Nike Swoosh" scheme or simply the "Swoosh" scheme. Some railfans also refer to the logo as "The Wedge" scheme. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) BNSF Railway The Santa Fe was a pioneer in intermodal freight transport; at one time or another it operated an airline, the short-lived Santa Fe Skyway, and a tugboat fleet. Its bus line extended passenger transportation to areas not accessible by rail, and ferryboats on the San Francisco Bay allowed travelers to complete their westward journeys to the Pacific Ocean. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway On September 22, 1995, AT&SF merged with Burlington Northern Railroad to form the Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway (BNSF). Some of the challenges resulting from the joining of the two companies included the establishment of a common dispatching system, the unionization of AT&SF's non-union dispatchers, and incorporating AT&SF's train identification codes throughout. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Diesels used as switchers between 1935 and 1960 were painted black, with just a thin white or silver horizontal accent stripe (the sills were painted similarly). The letters "A.T.& S.F." were applied in a small font centered on the sides of the unit, as was the standard blue and white "Santa Fe" box logo. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway After World War II, diagonal white or silver stripes were added to the ends and cab sides to increase the visibility at grade crossings (typically referred to as the Zebra Stripe scheme). " A.T.& S.F." was now placed along the sides of the unit just above the accent stripe, with the blue and white "Santa Fe" box logo below. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Santa Fe maintained and operated a fleet of three passenger ferry boats (the San Pablo, the San Pedro, and the Ocean Wave) that connected Richmond, California, with San Francisco by water. The ships traveled the eight miles between the San Francisco Ferry Terminal and the railroad's Point Richmond terminal across San Francisco Bay. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Rival SP owned the world's largest ferry fleet (which was subsidized by other railroad activities), at its peak carrying 40 million passengers and 60 million vehicles annually aboard 43 vessels. Santa Fe discontinued ferry service in 1933 due to the effects of the Great Depression and routed their trains to Southern Pacific's ferry terminal in Oakland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Though the economy is well-diversified, agriculture continues to play an indispensable role through its profitability and foreign exchange earnings via exports. Twenty-one percent of the cultivated lands of Argentina are in Santa Fe, whose main crops are soybean (main national producer), sunflower, maize, wheat, and rice. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province Twenty-one percent of the cultivated lands of Argentina are in Santa Fe, whose main crops are soybean (main national producer), sunflower, maize, wheat, and rice. In smaller scale strawberry, honey and derivatives (300,000 beehives), wood, and cotton are produced. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province The ports between Rosario and San Lorenzo are departure points for the export of the production of the Santa Fe and many other provinces; through them leave 65% of the Argentine cereal and 55% of the country's exports. In 2004, Santa Fe's exports (US$7,170 million) accounted for 21% of the national total. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province The origin of the population is majority European, descended from the great wave of immigration from 1850–1950, being Italians (mainly from Piedmont), Spanish, Swiss and Germans the main ethnic groups in the province. Since 1970, Rosario has been chosen by internal migrants, mainly from the north of Santa Fe and the northern provinces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province She is an Argentine rapper and singer. First argentinne in The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province Upset of the Year 2013. Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Marcos Maidana, billed as "The Moment". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province Juan Martín Coggi Professional boxer. Nickname "El Látigo" (The Whip). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province Nickname "El Látigo" (The Whip). WBA Light Welterweight Champion in three times. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Santa Fe Province
1569.	Q: Does the carousel in the Doctor Seuss area of Universal's Island of Adventures light up at night? Title = Seuss Landing 05 Description = Title = Caro-Seuss-el Description = A: Yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Dr. Seuss bibliography, Action-adventure game, Adventure, Stan Lee, Island Records, Skull Island: Reign of Kong, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions, Universal Studios Florida, List of Rick and Morty episodes, Universal's Islands of Adventure, The King of Staten Island, Bill Cosby, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions, Ade Edmondson, Adventure game, Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (TV series), Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories, Incidents at Universal parks, Universal Orlando, Jack Nicholson, Adventures in Babysitting, The Adventures, Jurassic Park: The Ride, Kanye West, Ghost Adventures, Robin Williams Toggle details	Caro-Seuss-el is a Seuss themed carousel. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Universal's Islands of Adventure Island Records is a British-Jamaican record label owned by Universal Music Group. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Island Records Huck returns to Jim to tell him the news and that a search party is coming to Jackson's Island that very night. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Island Records Philippines (2020–present; under parent label MCA/Universal Music Philippines) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Island Records On May 6, 2015, Universal's Islands of Adventure revealed that the new ride would be called Skull Island: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Skull Island: Reign of Kong The new area, to be called Disney-MGM Studios, was a preemptive move to counter Universal's planned introduction into the Orlando market. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Universal Studios Florida Essentially, it seemed that visitors were confused by the name, assuming that Islands of Adventure was a new area added to the already-existing Universal Studios Florida theme park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Universal's Islands of Adventure Skull Island is the newest island at the park, having been opened in the summer of 2016. The area's sole attraction, Skull Island: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Universal's Islands of Adventure The area's sole attraction, Skull Island: Reign of Kong, opened on July 13, 2016. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Universal's Islands of Adventure In 2014, an area themed after Diagon Alley opened in the former location of Jaws within Universal Studios Florida. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions To make the transition, Beese relocated from the United Kingdom to Island's offices at Universal Music Group's New York City building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Island Records Once he is exposed, she nevertheless allows him to leave her home without commotion, not realizing that he is the allegedly murdered boy they have just been discussing. Huck returns to Jim to tell him the news and that a search party is coming to Jackson's Island that very night. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Huck returns to Jim to tell him the news and that a search party is coming to Jackson's Island that very night. The two hastily load up the raft and depart. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Universal announced that Marvel's new ownership would not affect Marvel Super Hero Island, and Disney CEO Bob Iger acknowledged that Disney would continue to honor any contracts that Marvel currently has with Disney competitors. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Universal's Islands of Adventure Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965.Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label (at that time, many Island releases were being distributed by Philips/Fontana). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Island Records It was going to be built between the Jurassic Park and Toon Lagoon areas. On May 6, 2015, Universal's Islands of Adventure revealed that the new ride would be called Skull Island: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Skull Island: Reign of Kong The attraction closed at Universal Orlando again soon thereafter. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Universal Studios Escape was renamed Universal Orlando Resort, and ended up being the only resort in the Orlando area to actually have an increase in attendance after the September 11 attacks on the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Universal's Islands of Adventure Essentially, it seemed that visitors were confused by the name, assuming that Islands of Adventure was a new area added to the already-existing Universal Studios Florida theme park. For the first two years, attendance did not rise as expected. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Universal's Islands of Adventure Caro-Seuss-el is a Seuss themed carousel. Oh, The Stories You'll Hear is a stage show based on the Dr. Seuss books and characters. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Universal's Islands of Adventure Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at Universal Orlando and Islands of Adventure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Universal Orlando On May 28, 1999, Universal's Islands of Adventure opened to the general public. It featured six themed "islands", including the Port of Entry, Seuss Landing, The Lost Continent, Jurassic Park, Toon Lagoon, and Marvel Super Hero Island. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Universal Orlando And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Island Records His family left him to rest on a bench while they attended another of Universal's attractions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Skull Island: Reign of Kong After this line, guests pick up their 3D glasses and are sent to the boarding area to wait for their truck to arrive. The guests then board a truck, with a driver played by an animatronic person styled to look like a Universal cast member; the driver character varies from one truck to the next. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Skull Island: Reign of Kong In Illinois, Jackson's Island and while going Downriver === --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In August 2015, Universal announced that it would replace Disaster! --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Studios Florida The first two feature merchandise related to attractions within this area. Also located here is a statue of longtime MCA/Universal executive Lew Wasserman, honoring his achievements and history while head of Universal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Studios Florida Instead, passholders may enter the "Universal Express" line whenever they wish. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Orlando Each night, this real, functioning lighthouse sends out a bright beam to lead visitors to and from the park's gates. Like many theme parks using the "hub and spokes" format, this entry Island contains no rides. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal's Islands of Adventure One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish is a spinning ride with a musical riddle that will help riders escape water-spitting fish. Caro-Seuss-el is a Seuss themed carousel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal's Islands of Adventure Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Then Yertle notices the Moon rising above him as the night approaches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories She goes to her uncle, Doctor Dake, for something that will make her tail grow. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories It featured six themed "islands", including the Port of Entry, Seuss Landing, The Lost Continent, Jurassic Park, Toon Lagoon, and Marvel Super Hero Island. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Orlando Shortly after the massive success of the grand opening of the Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade, rumors began to swirl once again, this time of a second Potter-themed area in Universal Studios Florida. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Orlando Beverages can be purchased through a Universal Souvenir Cup. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Orlando Throughout Universal Orlando and its vicinity there is an organized transportation system which transports guests between the onsite hotels, Universal Partner Hotels, the theme parks, and other area attractions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Universal Orlando He chose Adventures in Babysitting because he felt comfortable with its scale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Adventures in Babysitting This Dr. Seuss collection was a series released by Random House. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dr. Seuss bibliography Its name was inspired by the Harry Belafonte song "Island in the Sun". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records He did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music; the music was also not reviewed by the press. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records Morley recalls in a 2009 book about Island Records: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records "I never really had a job until I sold Island to PolyGram in 1989. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records After Blackwell left, PolyGram closed Island's film business. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records In Germany, Island and Mercury merged to become divisions of the Island Mercury Label group. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records Keane were another of the big successes of Island's sixth decade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records In July 23, 2020, Universal Music Group and its local subsidiary MCA Music launched Island Records Philippines, the first Southeast Asian branch of the 61-year old label. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records The recording roster of Island Records, both past and present, has been and continues to be diverse. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records Stolen Transmission (−2007, still in business, but not part of Island any more) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records Island Records is a British-Jamaican record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall, and Leslie Kong in Jamaica, and was eventually sold to PolyGram in 1989. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records He did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music; the music was also not reviewed by the press. Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965.Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label (at that time, many Island releases were being distributed by Philips/Fontana). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell. And we were their recording band. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records "I never really had a job until I sold Island to PolyGram in 1989. It had gotten too corporate," he commented afterwards. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records It had gotten too corporate," he commented afterwards. After Blackwell left, PolyGram closed Island's film business. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records Darcus Beese, OBE took on the role of president upon Massey's departure. To make the transition, Beese relocated from the United Kingdom to Island's offices at Universal Music Group's New York City building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Island Records The deceased's family claims Universal should have been more attentive, providing medical care sooner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skull Island: Reign of Kong His family left him to rest on a bench while they attended another of Universal's attractions. When the family returned, he was found collapsed and was later pronounced dead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skull Island: Reign of Kong It is a direct sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Adventures of Huckleberry Finn explores themes of race and identity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn After an incident in 2011, the Universal announced the coasters would no longer duel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Island Skipper Tours opened with the park in 1999. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions It opened at Universal Orlando once again in 2011 under its real name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions It wasn't long before the attraction permanently closed at Universal Studios Florida in 2012. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Based on guest polling data, Universal decided to revise the attraction story. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions The attraction closed at Universal Orlando again soon thereafter. It opened at Universal Orlando once again in 2011 under its real name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Although Universal very tentatively tried to set the ride's opening date for summer of 2001, the bankruptcy of the ride's original manufacturer, Severn Lamb, postponed its opening indefinitely in 2002. As such, the original vehicles for the ride were removed, and replaced by Seuss characters on cars which would run along the track. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Universal Studios Florida is a theme park located in Orlando, Florida. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida However, Universal abandoned the idea after attempts to partner with a skeptical Paramount Pictures failed to materialize. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida This forced Universal to rethink their approach and abandon the tram tour concept. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida The area is also home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida The first two feature merchandise related to attractions within this area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Florida has a number of famous characters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida Jimmy Neutron from The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at Universal Orlando Resort featuring the 2 parks’ best attractions, live performances by some of the most popular musicians, dance parties with DJs, and pre-parties live at The Universal Music Plaza Stage in the Production Central area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Studios Florida It was Universal's largest investment since the resort's founding in 1990. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure Seuss Landing is based on the works of author Dr. Seuss. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure Seuss Landing includes six attractions inspired by Dr. Seuss' books. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure However, with the addition of the second park, new resorts, and entertainment district, the resort was named Universal Studios Escape. Essentially, it seemed that visitors were confused by the name, assuming that Islands of Adventure was a new area added to the already-existing Universal Studios Florida theme park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure Marvel Super Hero Island is based on the superhero characters featured in Marvel Comics. The area features comic-book styled architecture; many of the building interiors are created in comic book perspective, with exaggerated lines and angles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure Doctor Doom's Fearfall is a pair of S&S Power Space Shot attractions themed after the Fantastic Four. The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man is a 3-D simulator ride based on the character Spider-Man. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure A similar ride, Canopy Flyer exists at Universal Studios Singapore. Camp Jurassic is a children's play area centered around an imported 50-foot (15 m) tall Banyan tree. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure The island features several Seuss-themed attractions, especially geared towards small children, as well as a Green Eggs and Ham Cafe and Circus McGurkus restaurant. As in the books, one of the unique characteristics of this area is that there is almost no straights line anywhere. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal's Islands of Adventure Cosbyology: Essays and Observations from the Doctor of Comedy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bill Cosby : And Other Digressions from the Doctor of Comedy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bill Cosby The main characters in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland are the following: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland The Universal Orlando is an amusement park resort located in Orlando, Florida. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions Eventually, Universal filed a lawsuit against the manufacturer of Jaws, an attraction that was based on the film. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions Also, a replica of Hogwarts was constructed, with a dark ride, Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey, located inside. In 2014, an area themed after Diagon Alley opened in the former location of Jaws within Universal Studios Florida. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions In 2014, an area themed after Diagon Alley opened in the former location of Jaws within Universal Studios Florida. This addition included Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts, as well the Hogwarts Express based on the Hogwarts Express that allows guests to travel between Hogsmeade and Diagon Alley without actually having to exit either park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions Chilling Adventures of Sabrina is set in the fictional town of Greendale. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (TV series) The website's consensus reads, "With a stronger mystery steeped in witchy world-building, Chilling Adventures remains a deliciously dark, delightfully campy romp that pushes Sabrina deeper down the path of night — if only she would get there a little faster." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (TV series) When questioned about why he wrote "maybe" rather than "surely", Seuss replied that he did not want to sound "didactic or like a preacher on a platform", and that he wanted the reader "to say 'surely' in their minds instead of my having to say it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories Again, Yertle yells at Mack to be quiet. Then Yertle notices the Moon rising above him as the night approaches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories The ride and the park's Toon Lagoon area were evacuated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Incidents at Universal parks Her foot was freed, but Universal closed the coaster so that staff could examine the ride. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Incidents at Universal parks Nine backlot fires have occurred at Universal's backlot throughout the park's history. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Incidents at Universal parks The ride and the park's Toon Lagoon area were evacuated. No injuries were reported. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Incidents at Universal parks It replaced Wet 'n Wild, owned by Universal, as the resort's water park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Orlando It was later learned that Universal would split the property into two hotels, rather than one resort. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Orlando As of March 2021, work on Universal's Epic Universe has resumed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Orlando The Universal Store offers merchandise from the three parks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Orlando Throughout Universal Orlando and its vicinity there is an organized transportation system which transports guests between the onsite hotels, Universal Partner Hotels, the theme parks, and other area attractions. Mears Transportation runs the system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Universal Orlando The Adventures regrouped briefly in 2007 for some gigs in Belfast, but no major reunion was ever organised. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Adventures Off in the jungle area to the right, Raptors can be heard rustling the bushes and plants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jurassic Park: The Ride Ghost Adventures began as an independent film, produced in a documentary style. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ghost Adventures They later return to these spots in order to set up static night-vision cameras to try and film it happening. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ghost Adventures Ghost Adventures has involved celebrities who have participated in the investigations or appeared as eyewitnesses: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ghost Adventures Ghost Adventures: Quarantine premiered on June 11, 2020. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ghost Adventures Ghost Adventures is currently on air at the following countries and channels: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ghost Adventures Though most were published under his well-known pseudonym, Dr. Seuss, he also authored over a dozen books as Theo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dr. Seuss bibliography The bulk of Theodor Seuss Geisel's books were published under the name of Dr. Seuss. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dr. Seuss bibliography Geisel also wrote several books that were posthumously published under his most recognizable pen name, Dr. Seuss. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dr. Seuss bibliography It was reported by CTV that nine of the top ten best sellers were all books by Seuss, excluding the books that were removed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dr. Seuss bibliography Needing a bigger premises, Island Records together with Trojan Records moved to a warehouse in Neasden, London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records In the UK, Island Records Group, now operating under Virgin EMI Records since 2013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records However, in 2001, UMG was merged with French company Vivendi S.A. to create Vivendi Universal S.A.; but the music company remains under the name Universal Music Group (UMG).In the US, Island became a predominantly pop/rock label, as their urban artists were assigned to either Def Jam or Def Soul, a new Island/Def Jam R&B imprint. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records Having built a loyal live following, Catfish & The Bottlemen signed to Island in 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records Like Disclosure, Jessie Ware signed to Island through a link with independent label PMR. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records Island Reggae Greats (1985, compilation series; re-issued in several forms) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965.Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label (at that time, many Island releases were being distributed by Philips/Fontana). The group became very popular and Island started their own independent series to spotlight UK rock talent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records On April 1, 2014, Universal Music announced the disbandment of IDJMG, one of four operational umbrella groups within Universal Music. Effective as of the same day of the announcement, Island Records and Def Jam will now operate as autonomous record labels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Island Records After this line, guests pick up their 3D glasses and are sent to the boarding area to wait for their truck to arrive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Skull Island: Reign of Kong Doctor Robinson is the only man who recognizes that the King and Duke are phonies when they pretend to be British. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The teacher, John Foley, called for replacing Adventures of Huckleberry Finn with a more modern novel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1955), starring Thomas Mitchell and John Carradine --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Study Guide and Lesson Plan". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn He settles comfortably on Jackson's Island. Here, Huck reunites with Jim, Miss Watson's slave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn As such, the original vehicles for the ride were removed, and replaced by Seuss characters on cars which would run along the track. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions In 1982, Universal contemplated the idea of opening an amusement park in Florida to compete with Disney. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida The expansion included the addition of Universal's Islands of Adventure, Universal CityWalk, and several hotels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Florida was originally designed to function as both a theme park and working production studio. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Slogans marketed by Universal Studios Florida over the years include: See the Stars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Florida features eight themed areas all situated around a large lagoon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Florida features several seasonal events throughout its operating calendar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida The new area, to be called Disney-MGM Studios, was a preemptive move to counter Universal's planned introduction into the Orlando market. Although Universal publicly announced their Florida park intentions prior to Eisner's announcement, Disney was in a better position to fast-track construction and open sooner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida The current location of Diagon Alley was once a section of the park named Amity Island, based on the fictional seaside town from Jaws, which contained the park's Jaws attraction. The area was reconstructed to make way for the Diagon Alley portion of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter attraction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Universal Studios Florida has a number of famous characters. The following is a list of characters that can be seen in the park: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Studios Florida Universal's Islands of Adventure (originally Universal Studios Islands of Adventure) is a theme park located in Orlando, Florida. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure They are, in clockwise order from entry: Port of Entry, Marvel Super Hero Island, Toon Lagoon, Skull Island, Jurassic Park, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, The Lost Continent, and Seuss Landing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Each night, this real, functioning lighthouse sends out a bright beam to lead visitors to and from the park's gates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Marvel Super Hero Island is based on the superhero characters featured in Marvel Comics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure The area is home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure The Incredible Hulk Coaster confronts visitors as they enter the area with an attention-grabbing roar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Skull Island is the newest island at the park, having been opened in the summer of 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure The Universal Express pass cannot be used on this attraction due to the ride's low capacity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure A similar ride, Canopy Flyer exists at Universal Studios Singapore. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure As in the books, one of the unique characteristics of this area is that there is almost no straights line anywhere. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Palm trees bent by the winds of Hurricane Andrew were even planted in the area to continue this theme. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure The High in the Sky Seuss Trolley Train Ride is a twin-tracked tour above and around Seuss Landing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure In late 2009, The Walt Disney Company (Universal's biggest competitor in the theme park market) announced that it had sought to acquire Marvel Entertainment. Universal announced that Marvel's new ownership would not affect Marvel Super Hero Island, and Disney CEO Bob Iger acknowledged that Disney would continue to honor any contracts that Marvel currently has with Disney competitors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Universal announced that Marvel's new ownership would not affect Marvel Super Hero Island, and Disney CEO Bob Iger acknowledged that Disney would continue to honor any contracts that Marvel currently has with Disney competitors. In March 2012, Bob Iger revealed that Disney had begun preliminary concepts of incorporating Marvel's properties into their parks, although no major negotiations with Universal were announced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal's Islands of Adventure Express Pass is not a virtual queuing service. Instead, passholders may enter the "Universal Express" line whenever they wish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Principal photography began June 3, 2019, in Staten Island and continued during June and July. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The King of Staten Island Cosbyology: Essays and Observations from the Doctor of Comedy. New York: Hyperion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bill Cosby : And Other Digressions from the Doctor of Comedy. New York: HarperEntertainment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bill Cosby Carroll wrote multiple poems and songs for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, including: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been translated into at least 97 languages, or as many as 174 languages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland : Carroll publishes a facsimile of the earlier Alice's Adventures Under Ground manuscript. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Both parks feature several attractions and shows based on movies produced by Universal Pictures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Universal Studios Orlando attractions This gave the player direct control over the player character, who can be moved around in a top-down view to explore the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adventure game In early May 2018, Chilling Adventures of Sabrina was officially confirmed as the series' title. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (TV series) She goes to her uncle, Doctor Dake, for something that will make her tail grow. He tries to tell her that her tail is just right for her species, but she throws a tantrum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories The term incidents refers to major accidents, injuries, or deaths that occur at a Universal park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Incidents at Universal parks For more information see Universal Studios Hollywood backlot fires. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Incidents at Universal parks The resort is operated by Universal Parks & Resorts, a division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando It was opened as a joint venture between Universal Entertainment and The Blackstone Group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando On May 28, 1999, Universal's Islands of Adventure opened to the general public. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Universal also opened the resort's first onsite hotel in September 1999. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando The Blackstone Group sold its stake in Universal Orlando in early 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Visitors start off in the Port of Entry and make their way through the various islands – Marvel Super Hero Island, Toon Lagoon, Skull Island, Jurassic Park, the Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade, the Lost Continent, and Seuss Landing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando In 1998, Wet 'n Wild was acquired by Universal Parks & Resorts, adding it to Universal Orlando. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando All eight hotels are located in close proximity to the Universal Orlando theme parks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Every event night guests will hear some of Louisiana's bands performing blues, and zydeco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando The Universal Meal Deal was a ticketed meal plan for park visitors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Universal's Super Star Shuttle service is broken into two main routes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Shortly after the massive success of the grand opening of the Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade, rumors began to swirl once again, this time of a second Potter-themed area in Universal Studios Florida. It was announced shortly thereafter that Universal would begin construction of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter -Diagon Alley, replacing Jaws: The Ride. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Grad Bash and Gradventure are two separate events held in April and May at the parks. Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at Universal Orlando and Islands of Adventure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando The selection food is limited, and drinks are not included. Beverages can be purchased through a Universal Souvenir Cup. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando During dinner, on select nights, guests can have dinner with Universal Characters at Trattoria del Porto, The Kitchen, and Islands Dining Room. The Marvel Super Heroes also appear in the Meet the Marvel Super Heroes attraction where the characters ride on motorcycles down the street of Marvel Super Hero Island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Universal Orlando Nicholson learned afterward that DeVito grew up in the same area of New Jersey, and they knew many of the same people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jack Nicholson It was formerly located at Universal Studios Hollywood in Los Angeles, California, where it was turned into Jurassic World: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride The Ride opened to the public at Universal Studios Hollywood on June 21, 1996. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride Meanwhile, Universal Studios Florida was looking to build their own version of Jurassic Park: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride During the development, Universal Studios Japan was planning to add Jurassic Park: River Adventure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride Riders then enter Stegosaur Springs, a "volcanic" area like Stegosaurus South in the novel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride A nearby motorboat was also abandoned, sent by Jurassic Park Animal Control to guide the raft towards a safe area, but the Dilophosaurus appeared to have killed its crew as well. A Mickey Mouse hat was seen floating in the water next to a ruined raft, an apparent jab at Universal Hollywood's theme park rival Disneyland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jurassic Park: The Ride The SciFi Channel premiered 4Reel's Ghost Adventures on July 25, 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ghost Adventures Bagans believes that he was possessed at the Preston School of Industry and at Poveglia Island in Italy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ghost Adventures Any new audio and/or video evidence that wasn't shown before, in previous Ghost Adventures episodes, are also revealed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ghost Adventures Though most were published under his well-known pseudonym, Dr. Seuss, he also authored over a dozen books as Theo. LeSieg and one as Rosetta Stone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dr. Seuss bibliography The bulk of Theodor Seuss Geisel's books were published under the name of Dr. Seuss. The exceptions include Great Day for Up!, --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dr. Seuss bibliography This Dr. Seuss collection was a series released by Random House. They are a video version of a "book on tape". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dr. Seuss bibliography Its name was inspired by the Harry Belafonte song "Island in the Sun". Blackwell explained in 2009: "I loved music so much, I just wanted to get into it, or be as close to it as I could. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Island Records While in England, Blackwell travelled throughout the city carrying his stock with him and sold to record stores in the city. He did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music; the music was also not reviewed by the press. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Island Records First it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys: Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry. ... And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Island Records By this time he had already signed Bob (Marley). So in his camp, Island Records, there was Toots and the Maytals]/ the late Bob Marley; we were talking about reggae is going international now. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Island Records In July 23, 2020, Universal Music Group and its local subsidiary MCA Music launched Island Records Philippines, the first Southeast Asian branch of the 61-year old label. The Philippines branch is led by former Sony Music Philippines and Sindikato Management executive Enzo Valdez. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Island Records Guests also encounter an animatronic worm that moves around but doesn't attack. After this line, guests pick up their 3D glasses and are sent to the boarding area to wait for their truck to arrive. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skull Island: Reign of Kong In 2016, a Guatemalan tourist began to feel ill shortly after exiting the ride. His family left him to rest on a bench while they attended another of Universal's attractions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skull Island: Reign of Kong Doctor Robinson is the only man who recognizes that the King and Duke are phonies when they pretend to be British. He warns the townspeople, but they ignore him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Adventures of Huckleberry Finn explores themes of race and identity. A complexity exists concerning Jim's character. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Digitized copy of the first American edition from Internet Archive (1885). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Triceratops Encounter originally closed at Universal Orlando in 2003, only to be reopened again in 2010 under a new name, Discovery Trail. The attraction closed at Universal Orlando again soon thereafter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions It opened at Universal Orlando once again in 2011 under its real name. It wasn't long before the attraction permanently closed at Universal Studios Florida in 2012. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions It wasn't long before the attraction permanently closed at Universal Studios Florida in 2012. A small part of the attraction would be used for the Raptor Encounter before 2019. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions Based on guest polling data, Universal decided to revise the attraction story. Now, guests meet Taylor, a nerdy archaeologist, who guides them through the attraction, albeit slightly differently. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of former Universal's Islands of Adventure attractions In 1987, Disney CEO Michael Eisner, previously the CEO at Paramount when Universal pitched their Florida park idea several years earlier, announced intentions to create their own studio backlot tour at Walt Disney World. The new area, to be called Disney-MGM Studios, was a preemptive move to counter Universal's planned introduction into the Orlando market. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Studios Florida This forced Universal to rethink their approach and abandon the tram tour concept. Instead, they opted to build standalone attractions while retaining the overall studio backlot theme. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Studios Florida In August 2015, Universal announced that it would replace Disaster! with a new attraction based on the film franchise The Fast and the Furious. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Studios Florida By 2001, the marketing was revamped, clarifying that Islands of Adventure was indeed a second, completely separate park with new rides and attractions. Universal Studios Escape was renamed Universal Orlando Resort, and ended up being the only resort in the Orlando area to actually have an increase in attendance after the September 11 attacks on the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal's Islands of Adventure Instead, passholders may enter the "Universal Express" line whenever they wish. The price of this pass is not included in the charge for park admission. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal's Islands of Adventure Cosby, Bill; Booth, George (2001). Cosbyology: Essays and Observations from the Doctor of Comedy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bill Cosby I Am What I Ate ... and I'm Frightened!!! : And Other Digressions from the Doctor of Comedy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bill Cosby The book has never been out of print. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been translated into at least 97 languages, or as many as 174 languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Then Yertle notices the Moon rising above him as the night approaches. Furious that something "dares to be higher than Yertle the King", he decides to call for even more turtles in an attempt to rise above it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories He burped!"—was also an issue before publication. According to Seuss, the publishers at Random House, including the president, had to meet to decide whether or not they could use "burp" because "nobody had ever burped before on the pages of a children's book". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories Reports said that the girl's foot got stuck between the train and platform. Her foot was freed, but Universal closed the coaster so that staff could examine the ride. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Incidents at Universal parks Her foot was freed, but Universal closed the coaster so that staff could examine the ride. The attraction reopened the next day on June 20. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Incidents at Universal parks Nine backlot fires have occurred at Universal's backlot throughout the park's history. For more information see Universal Studios Hollywood backlot fires. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Incidents at Universal parks It featured six themed "islands", including the Port of Entry, Seuss Landing, The Lost Continent, Jurassic Park, Toon Lagoon, and Marvel Super Hero Island. The park opened to mediocre attendance, and several attractions were closed shortly thereafter, including Island Skipper Tours, due to lack of attendance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando It is composed of eight distinct "islands" that are themed to various forms of adventures. Visitors start off in the Port of Entry and make their way through the various islands – Marvel Super Hero Island, Toon Lagoon, Skull Island, Jurassic Park, the Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade, the Lost Continent, and Seuss Landing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando Volcano Bay is a 27-acre themed water park that opened in 2017. It replaced Wet 'n Wild, owned by Universal, as the resort's water park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando Rock the Universe is an annual Christian rock music festival that is located within Universal Studios Florida. It began in 1998, and has been running ever since. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando Every event night guests will hear some of Louisiana's bands performing blues, and zydeco. It is included with park admission. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando Instead, passholders may enter the "Universal Express" line whenever they wish. This pass is not included with park admission but can be bought for an additional fee. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Universal Orlando For his directorial debut, Columbus said he reviewed a hundred scripts. He chose Adventures in Babysitting because he felt comfortable with its scale. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Adventures in Babysitting Riders then enter Stegosaur Springs, a "volcanic" area like Stegosaurus South in the novel. A pair of Stegosaurus stand on either side of the river. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jurassic Park: The Ride Ghost Adventures began as an independent film, produced in a documentary style. It was filmed in 2004 and produced by 4Reel Productions in 2006. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ghost Adventures It was filmed in 2004 and produced by 4Reel Productions in 2006. The SciFi Channel premiered 4Reel's Ghost Adventures on July 25, 2007. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ghost Adventures The crew also claims to have recorded spirit possessions on video. Bagans believes that he was possessed at the Preston School of Industry and at Poveglia Island in Italy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ghost Adventures
19541.	Q: Which bloom looks like a large Star Fish; Itea virginica or Stapelia gigantea? Title = Itea virginica flowers 001.JPG Description = Title = Stapelia gigantea flower and bud.JPG Description = A: Stapelia gigantea Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Carrion plant, Itea virginica, Stapelieae, List of Star Wars creatures, Stapelia gigantea, Carrion flower, Itea, Big Thicket, Itea (plant), A Fish Called Wanda, Bayhead, Apocynaceae, Celastrina idella, Cypress dome, Storm Large, Fish, Smilax laurifolia, Evolution of fish, Albert Fish, Gonostemon, Starfish, S. gigantea, Invasive species, Saxifragales, Halibut, Stapelia, Iteaceae, Stapelia grandiflora, Rain of animals, Pacu Toggle details	However, Itea virginica is considered extirpated in Pennsylvania and endangered in Indiana. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Itea virginica Itea virginica has a current IUCN status of Least Concern. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Itea virginica Itea virginica belongs to the Iteaceae, a family of deciduous and evergreen shrubs. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Itea virginica The Falumpaset is a large mammal native to Naboo, appearing in Star Wars: --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of Star Wars creatures The nearest living relative of †Itea europaea is the American species Itea virginica. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Iteaceae Itea virginica has a current IUCN status of Least Concern. However, Itea virginica is considered extirpated in Pennsylvania and endangered in Indiana. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Itea virginica Itea virginica is used as a native ornamental landscape plant in North America, and numerous cultivars have been named. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Itea virginica Rontos are large, four-legged creatures that are beasts of burden utilized by the Jawas of Tatooine. They appear in Star Wars: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Star Wars creatures Kinrath are large, venomous arachnid-like creatures that live on Dantooine and Kashyyyk. They appear in Star Wars: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of Star Wars creatures Never heard what become of him, or tried to find out," Fish said. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Albert Fish Itea virginica, commonly known as Virginia willow or Virginia sweetspire, is a small North American flowering shrub that grows in low-lying woods and wetland margins. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Itea virginica Itea virginica has small flowers on pendulous racemes. Depending on location, the species will bloom in late spring to early summer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Itea virginica Colo Claw Fish are immense underwater carnivores that dwell in the porous caverns of the Naboo core, appearing in Star Wars: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Star Wars creatures Two possible alternative host plants are tall gallberry holly (Ilex coriacea) and Virginia willow (Itea virginica). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Celastrina idella When burned or damaged it resprouts vigorously from its large rhizome. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Smilax laurifolia Fish began to weep and asked to be left alone. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Albert Fish When these grow large enough they change back into females. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Starfish Virginia willow is a member of the Iteaceae family, and native to the southeast United States. Itea virginica has small flowers on pendulous racemes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Itea virginica Itea virginica belongs to the Iteaceae, a family of deciduous and evergreen shrubs. It is the only species in its genus in North America; most Itea species are from east Asia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Itea virginica Itea virginica is used as a native ornamental landscape plant in North America, and numerous cultivars have been named. The flowers attract pollinators, and the shrub can be used for erosion control. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Itea virginica A rathtar is a large, carnivorous creature resembling a giant octopus, with razor sharp teeth, multiple tentacles, and numerous eyes. Introduced in Star Wars: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Star Wars creatures Smaller space slugs also devour mynocks (in large space slugs, consumed mynocks are not digested and instead become parasites within the space slug). Large space slugs may also consume starships and have been known to eat sections of Imperial Star Destroyers that flew too close. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Star Wars creatures First, it is possible that they are large to attract the flies that pollinate them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stapelia gigantea However, some fish have relatively large brains, most notably mormyrids and sharks, which have brains about as massive relative to body weight as birds and marsupials. Fish brains are divided into several regions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fish Grace left with Fish that day but never returned. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Albert Fish She wanted to ask him about her son's death, but Fish refused to speak to her. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Albert Fish Fish attempted the sacrifice once before but was thwarted when a car drove past. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Albert Fish Itea virginica is a deciduous shrub that grows to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) tall and 1.5 m (4.9 ft) broad, with alternate, simple leaves on arching stems. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Itea virginica There are large feathers on its chest, which the Gungans use. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Star Wars creatures Because of this, large sections of Myrkr are completely removed from the Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Star Wars creatures Fish, as vertebrata, developed as sister of the tunicata. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fish Each filament contains a capillary network that provides a large surface area for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fish Fish that have become recently extinct are not usually referred to as prehistoric fish. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Evolution of fish Fish began to enjoy the physical pain that the beatings brought. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Throughout 1898, Fish worked as a house painter. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Fish eventually tied Kedden up and cut off half of his penis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish "I shall never forget his scream, or the look he gave me", Fish later recalled. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Fish then had to raise his children as a single parent. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish It was about this time that Fish began to indulge in self-harm. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Fish would later claim to have occasionally paid boys to procure other children for him. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish She was about to leave the farm when her mother chased Fish away. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish King disarmed Fish and took him to police headquarters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Fish refused to claim responsibility for this, although he later stated that he intended to castrate the boy but fled when he heard someone approaching the area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Fish claimed the following in a letter to his attorney: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish She was still unconvinced that Fish was her son's killer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Although he knew Grace was female, it is believed that Fish perceived her as a boy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Took first train I could get back home. Never heard what become of him, or tried to find out," Fish said. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish She wanted to ask him about her son's death, but Fish refused to speak to her. Fish began to weep and asked to be left alone. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Albert Fish Itea virginica, commonly known as Virginia willow or Virginia sweetspire, is a small North American flowering shrub that grows in low-lying woods and wetland margins. Virginia willow is a member of the Iteaceae family, and native to the southeast United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Itea virginica Humans are a species in the fictional Star Wars universe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Star Wars humans are mostly biologically identical to real-life humans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Togruta work well in large groups, and individualism is seen as abnormal within their culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Also Star Wars Episode II, Attack of the Clones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Both Imperial stormtroopers and Jawas have been known to utilize these large beasts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Fathiers, or space horses, appears in Star Wars: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They do not have appendages besides their wings and they have large suckers on their face. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Kimogila are large, vicious lizards from Lok. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They appear in the video game Star Wars Galaxies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Found across the galaxy (having spread prolifically from their original system), mynocks tend to flock together, migrating annually in large groups. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They can be found in the animated Disney TV show Star Wars: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Knights of the Old Republic and Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures The stratt is a large reptilian beast that lives on Coruscant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They are omnivores, and feed equally well on large fruit and small prey. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Slow but powerful, Terentateks use their large claws to strike foes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Tolibs are large swamp birds that live on the planet Mimban. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Both Imperial stormtroopers and Jawas have been known to utilize these large beasts. Dewbacks can be seen in video games, the movie Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope and the series The Mandalorian. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They appear in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures The Falumpaset is a large mammal native to Naboo, appearing in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, The Gungan Frontier, Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds, and Star Wars Galaxies: The Ruins of Dantooine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They appeared in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures Colo Claw Fish are immense underwater carnivores that dwell in the porous caverns of the Naboo core, appearing in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures First appeared in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They are raised for meat. They can be found in the animated Disney TV show Star Wars: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures They appear in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic and Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Star Wars creatures The world's largest single bloom is R. arnoldii. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Carrion flower They are variously described as making it difficult to walk into a greenhouse in which they are being cultivated if the plants are in bloom because of their overpowering floral odors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Carrion flower Large is also known for her appearances as a contestant on Rock Star: Supernova. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Storm Large Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish can acoustically communicate with each other, most often in the context of feeding, aggression or courtship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish are an important resource for humans worldwide, especially as food. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish are a paraphyletic group: that is, any clade containing all fish also contains the tetrapods, which are not fish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish from multiple groups can live out of the water for extended periods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish sense sound using their lateral lines and their ears. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish Fish were also a major symbol of Enki, the god of water. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fish When burned or damaged it resprouts vigorously from its large rhizome. This rapidly climbing vine is a silvicultural pest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Smilax laurifolia Fish do not represent a monophyletic group, but a paraphyletic one, as they exclude the tetrapods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Evolution of fish Fish was a suspect in at least five murders during his lifetime. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish's family had a history of mental illness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Of his time at the orphanage, Fish remarked, "I was there 'til I was nearly nine, and that's where I got started wrong. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish After his arrest, Fish told a newspaper that when his wife left him, she took nearly every possession the family owned. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish left but returned later to the Kiels' barn, where he tried to sleep but was discovered by Beatrice's father and forced to leave. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish failed to show up, but he sent a telegram to the Budd family apologizing and set a later date. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish When Fish returned, he met Edward's younger sister Grace Budd. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish The landlady of the rooming house said that Fish checked out of that room a few days earlier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish She said that Fish's son sent him money and he asked her to hold his next check for him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish agreed to go to headquarters for questioning, then brandished a razor blade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Beaton's description of the "bogeyman" matched Fish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish pleaded insanity, and claimed to have heard voices from God telling him to kill children. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Wertham then detailed Fish's cannibalism, which in his mind he associated with communion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish None of the jurors doubted that Fish was insane, but ultimately, as one later explained, they felt he should be executed anyway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Fish is said to have helped the executioner position the electrodes on his body. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish A documentary film about Fish was released in 2007, directed by John Borowski. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish Of his time at the orphanage, Fish remarked, "I was there 'til I was nearly nine, and that's where I got started wrong. We were unmercifully whipped. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish He offered her money to come and help him look for rhubarb. She was about to leave the farm when her mother chased Fish away. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish He waited outside the room until Fish returned. Fish agreed to go to headquarters for questioning, then brandished a razor blade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Albert Fish The starfish are a large and diverse class with about 1,500 living species. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Starfish In this site a high pollen percentages of 12% suggest that Itea was an important element in the local vegetation. The nearest living relative of †Itea europaea is the American species Itea virginica. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Iteaceae Itea virginica is a deciduous shrub that grows to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) tall and 1.5 m (4.9 ft) broad, with alternate, simple leaves on arching stems. The flowers are white or cream, borne in downward pointing slightly curved spikes, in summer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Itea virginica In cultivation in the UK the cultivar ‘Henry’s Garnet’ has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. Itea virginica is used as a native ornamental landscape plant in North America, and numerous cultivars have been named. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Itea virginica The following is a list of Star Wars humanoid sentient species from the Star Wars franchise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures They have appeared in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Knights of the Old Republic II and Star Wars: Bounty Hunter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling a praying mantis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures A herd of Beldons are seen in season 2 of Star Wars Rebels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures The Clone Wars and Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures The Coruscani ogre is a large sentient being that wanders the lower levels of Coruscant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Dewbacks or Dewback lizards are large reptilian creatures native to Tatooine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures They roamed the plains and swamps of the planet in large herds, and their distinctive call could be heard for kilometers around. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Fambaas are the largest terrestrial herbivores of the Naboo swamp, appearing in Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Felucian ground beetles, also known as gelagrubs, are large insects that live on planet Felucia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures They have flattened flukes for bodies, with a large toothy snout flanked by hooked grasping claws. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Ghests are large reptilian predators from the bayous of Rodia, and they are entrenched in the mythology of the planet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures It is believed to have a large opening beneath its throat, that emits a secretion with a reddish color to attract other Goffbirds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Grazers are fat animals with spikes on their backs and large udders. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Gundarks are large, long-eared primates, native to the jungle planet of Poiu-Trewq. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Kaadu are large, flightless, billed waterfowl that live in the swamps of the planet Naboo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures They are active at twilight and live off of the blood of large mammals, often travelling in large groups to overwhelm and feed on prey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Kinrath are large, venomous arachnid-like creatures that live on Dantooine and Kashyyyk. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Swamp slugs are large aquatic mollusks that live on the planet Dagobah. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures They are hairy and have giant teeth and large claws, similar to a lion or wolf. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures A female one named Boga is ridden by Obi-Wan Kenobi in Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Smaller space slugs also devour mynocks (in large space slugs, consumed mynocks are not digested and instead become parasites within the space slug). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Gungans first appeared in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling a praying mantis. It is a crustacean. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures It is found in Star Wars: The Clone Wars and in The Mandalorian episode one. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures It is seen in Star Wars: The Clone Wars and Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Drexl larvae are unable to fly, but are strong and extremely fierce. They appear in Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Episode I – The Phantom Menace, The Gungan Frontier, Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds, and Star Wars Galaxies: The Ruins of Dantooine. They roamed the plains and swamps of the planet in large herds, and their distinctive call could be heard for kilometers around. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Alien Firaxan sharks live on the ocean planet of Manaan. They appeared in Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Fynocks live on Talus. They do not have appendages besides their wings and they have large suckers on their face. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures The creature is massive, and has two hearts, which makes it difficult to kill. The Gorog appears in Star Wars --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures For example: A massive K'lor Slug is found on Taris. They appear in Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Introduced in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), they are pack hunters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Roggwarts are large, predatory beasts with long tails, curved horns, and tough thick skin. This is the creature General Grievous kept as a pet in episode ten "Lair of Grievous", season one of Star Wars: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures The Loth-wolf is a near-legendary, Force-sensitive large canid native to Lothal, known since prehistoric times on that world by its inhabitants. A white-furred one occasionally assisted Ezra Bridger on Lothal in the Star Wars Rebels TV series. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Star Wars creatures Bulbophyllum beccarii in bloom has been likened to smelling like a herd of dead elephants as well as Bulbophyllum fletcherianum and Bulbophyllum phalaenopsis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Carrion flower These and swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora) are dominant and other common shrubs include southern bayberry (Myrica cerifera), water willow (Decodon verticillatus), red bay (Persea borbonia), and Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Thicket These and swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora) are dominant and other common shrubs include southern bayberry (Myrica cerifera), water willow (Decodon verticillatus), red bay (Persea borbonia), and Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica). Vines like muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), supplejack or rattan-vine (Berchemia scandens) can grow impressively large. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Thicket Itea is a genus of about 10 species of shrubs and small trees, commonly called sweetspires. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Itea (plant) The heist is successful and the gang escapes with a large sum in diamonds, which they hide in an old safe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Fish Called Wanda Fierce Creatures was not as well received by critics or audiences as A Fish Called Wanda. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) A Fish Called Wanda Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish species diversity is roughly divided equally between marine (oceanic) and freshwater ecosystems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish These are very large in species that hunt by sight, such as rainbow trout and cichlids. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish orient themselves using landmarks and may use mental maps based on multiple landmarks or symbols. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish behavior in mazes reveals that they possess spatial memory and visual discrimination. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish ovaries may be of three types: gymnovarian, secondary gymnovarian or cystovarian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish were sacred to the Syrian goddess Atargatis and, during her festivals, only her priests were permitted to eat them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish is used as a singular noun, or as a plural to describe multiple individuals from a single species. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Most fish are ectothermic ("cold-blooded"), allowing their body temperatures to vary as ambient temperatures change, though some of the large active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature. Fish can acoustically communicate with each other, most often in the context of feeding, aggression or courtship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish species diversity is roughly divided equally between marine (oceanic) and freshwater ecosystems. Coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific constitute the center of diversity for marine fishes, whereas continental freshwater fishes are most diverse in large river basins of tropical rainforests, especially the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong basins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish have a closed-loop circulatory system. The heart pumps the blood in a single loop throughout the body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish Fish typically have quite small brains relative to body size compared with other vertebrates, typically one-fifteenth the brain mass of a similarly sized bird or mammal. However, some fish have relatively large brains, most notably mormyrids and sharks, which have brains about as massive relative to body weight as birds and marsupials. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fish In sunny sites it grows better and can form dense thickets. When burned or damaged it resprouts vigorously from its large rhizome. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Smilax laurifolia Fish, like many other organisms, have been greatly affected by extinction events throughout natural history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Evolution of fish Their large eyes had a lateral position, which makes a predatory role unlikely. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Evolution of fish Fish once boasted that he "had children in every state", and at one time stated his number of victims was about 100. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish's father was American, of English ancestry, and his mother was Scots-Irish American. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish was the youngest child and had three living siblings: Walter, Annie, and Edwin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish's mother then put her son into Saint John's Orphanage in Washington, where he was frequently abused. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish "By 1880, Fish's mother had a government job and was able to remove Fish from the orphanage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish The youth introduced Fish to such practices as urolagnia (drinking urine) and coprophagia (eating feces). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Albert, Anna, Gertrude, Eugene, John, and Henry Fish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish He later recounted an incident in which a male lover took him to a waxworks museum, where Fish was fascinated by a bisection of a penis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish After ten days, Fish took Kedden to "an old farm house", where he began to torture him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish In January 1917, Fish's wife left him for John Straube, a handyman who boarded with the Fish family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish While Fish was never thought to have physically attacked or abused his children, he did encourage them and their friends to paddle his buttocks with the same nail-studded paddle he used to abuse himself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish In about 1919, Fish stabbed an intellectually disabled boy in Georgetown, Washington, D.C. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Three days later, Fish killed Francis McDonnell, also on Staten Island. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Quinn and his friend were playing box ball on a sidewalk when Fish asked them if they had eaten lunch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish was arrested in May 1930 for "sending an obscene letter to a woman who answered an advertisement for a maid. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish introduced himself as Frank Howard, a farmer from Farmingdale, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish In November 1934, an anonymous letter was sent to Grace's parents which ultimately led the police to Fish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish The unaltered letter (complete with Fish's misspellings and grammatical errors) reads: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish made no attempt to deny the murder of Grace Budd, saying that he meant to go to the house to kill Grace's brother Edward. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Gallagher cross-examined Wertham on whether Fish knew the difference between right and wrong. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish This amounted to several pages of hand-written notes that Fish apparently penned in the hours just prior to his death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish The torture took place over two weeks. Fish eventually tied Kedden up and cut off half of his penis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish eventually tied Kedden up and cut off half of his penis. "I shall never forget his scream, or the look he gave me", Fish later recalled. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Never heard what become of him, or tried to find out," Fish said. In January 1917, Fish's wife left him for John Straube, a handyman who boarded with the Fish family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish After his arrest, Fish told a newspaper that when his wife left him, she took nearly every possession the family owned. He began to have auditory hallucinations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish He once wrapped himself in a carpet, saying that he was following the instructions of John the Apostle. It was about this time that Fish began to indulge in self-harm. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish It was about this time that Fish began to indulge in self-harm. He would embed needles into his groin and abdomen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish She was about to leave the farm when her mother chased Fish away. Fish left but returned later to the Kiels' barn, where he tried to sleep but was discovered by Beatrice's father and forced to leave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish William F. King was the chief investigator for the case. He waited outside the room until Fish returned. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish agreed to go to headquarters for questioning, then brandished a razor blade. King disarmed Fish and took him to police headquarters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Beaton's description of the "bogeyman" matched Fish. Police matched the description of the child to Gaffney. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish The trial lasted for 10 days. Fish pleaded insanity, and claimed to have heard voices from God telling him to kill children. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish He was buried in the Sing Sing Prison Cemetery. Fish is said to have helped the executioner position the electrodes on his body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish Fish is said to have helped the executioner position the electrodes on his body. His last words were reportedly, "I don't even know why I'm here." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Albert Fish In these brooding species, the eggs are relatively large, and supplied with yolk, and they generally develop directly into miniature starfish without an intervening larval stage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Starfish For example, Leptasterias hexactis broods a small number of large-yolked eggs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Starfish Their relatively large sizes, diverse diets and ability to adapt to different environments makes them ecologically important. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Starfish Choristylis is now considered a synonym of Itea, but the addition of Pterostemon, gives Iteaceae two genera. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saxifragales Some older taxonomic systems place the genus Itea in the family Grossulariaceae. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Iteaceae "If a large population of pacu enters an ecosystem to which it is not native, the fish can have a very adverse effect. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pacu Incapable of maintaining large aquaria, overwhelmed hobbyists are suspected of illegally releasing their pacu into wild waterways. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pacu Ithorians: Ithorians are a hammer-headed humanoid species. They have appeared in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, Star Wars: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures They can also be found in The Mandalorian "Chapter 9: The Marshal". Also Star Wars Episode II, Attack of the Clones. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Also Star Wars Episode II, Attack of the Clones. They were commonly used on Tatooine by the Tusken Raiders. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures They are surrounded by a small electrical field to detect approaching danger. A herd of Beldons are seen in season 2 of Star Wars Rebels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures It is typically used as a beast of burden by the freedom fighters of Cham Syndulla, and mauraders. It is found in Star Wars: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures They move slowly at night, but are known to run at a brisk pace for short distances during the day. Both Imperial stormtroopers and Jawas have been known to utilize these large beasts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Gizka are small, frog-like creatures that adapt to almost any environment very swiftly, and reproduce just as quickly. Their first appearance was in the Star Wars: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Their first appearance was in the Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic video game. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures There are large feathers on its chest, which the Gungans use. It is believed to have a large opening beneath its throat, that emits a secretion with a reddish color to attract other Goffbirds. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Grazers are fat animals with spikes on their backs and large udders. They live on Alderaan, Gestron, and Haruun Kal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Kaadu are large, flightless, billed waterfowl that live in the swamps of the planet Naboo. Gungans use them as mounts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Scyks are reptilian lizards native to Tatooine. They appear in the video game Star Wars Galaxies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Mynocks' bat-like wings also allow them to fly in the atmosphere. Found across the galaxy (having spread prolifically from their original system), mynocks tend to flock together, migrating annually in large groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures The original outbreak occurred on the planet Taris, where they plagued the inhabitants of the Undercity – criminals or their descendants – but they also live on Coruscant. First appeared in Star Wars: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Skettos are flying reptiles, native to Tatooine. They are active at twilight and live off of the blood of large mammals, often travelling in large groups to overwhelm and feed on prey. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Terentateks feed on force adepts, and are found where the dark side thrives. Slow but powerful, Terentateks use their large claws to strike foes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures They feed by absorbing an asteroid's minerals through their roots. Smaller space slugs also devour mynocks (in large space slugs, consumed mynocks are not digested and instead become parasites within the space slug). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures Zakkegs are large beasts that reside on Dxun. They are relatively solitary creatures, with thick hides, and covered in spikes and horns. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Star Wars creatures First, it is possible that they are large to attract the flies that pollinate them. The large size and color of the flowers combined with the carrion smell may cause the flies to behave as if it is a dead carcass and be more likely to visit it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stapelia gigantea This odor attracts the flies that pollinate the plant. The world's largest single bloom is R. arnoldii. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Carrion flower The world's largest single bloom is R. arnoldii. This rare flower is found in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Carrion flower Most are fly-pollinated, and attract hordes of flies. Bulbophyllum beccarii in bloom has been likened to smelling like a herd of dead elephants as well as Bulbophyllum fletcherianum and Bulbophyllum phalaenopsis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Carrion flower Itea is a genus of about 10 species of shrubs and small trees, commonly called sweetspires. The leaves are alternate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Itea (plant) Caterpillars eat the flowering parts of male plants of four species of holly: American holly (Ilex opaca), inkberry (Ilex glabra), smooth winterberry (Ilex laevigata), and Yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria). Two possible alternative host plants are tall gallberry holly (Ilex coriacea) and Virginia willow (Itea virginica). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Celastrina idella Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fish Fish can acoustically communicate with each other, most often in the context of feeding, aggression or courtship. Fish are abundant in most bodies of water. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fish These are very large in species that hunt by sight, such as rainbow trout and cichlids. The hindbrain (or metencephalon) is particularly involved in swimming and balance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fish Fish reproductive organs include testicles and ovaries. In most species, gonads are paired organs of similar size, which can be partially or totally fused. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fish Fish is used as a singular noun, or as a plural to describe multiple individuals from a single species. Fishes is used to describe different species or species groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fish However, it is not known whether he was referring to rapes or cannibalization, nor is it known if the statement was truthful. Fish was a suspect in at least five murders during his lifetime. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish's mother then put her son into Saint John's Orphanage in Washington, where he was frequently abused. Fish began to enjoy the physical pain that the beatings brought. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish began to enjoy the physical pain that the beatings brought. Of his time at the orphanage, Fish remarked, "I was there 'til I was nearly nine, and that's where I got started wrong. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish I saw boys doing many things they should not have done. "By 1880, Fish's mother had a government job and was able to remove Fish from the orphanage. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish They had six children: Albert, Anna, Gertrude, Eugene, John, and Henry Fish. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Albert, Anna, Gertrude, Eugene, John, and Henry Fish. Throughout 1898, Fish worked as a house painter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Throughout 1898, Fish worked as a house painter. He said he continued molesting children, mostly boys younger than age six. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish He later recounted an incident in which a male lover took him to a waxworks museum, where Fish was fascinated by a bisection of a penis. After that, he became obsessed with sexual mutilation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish After ten days, Fish took Kedden to "an old farm house", where he began to torture him. The torture took place over two weeks. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish In January 1917, Fish's wife left him for John Straube, a handyman who boarded with the Fish family. Fish then had to raise his children as a single parent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish then had to raise his children as a single parent. After his arrest, Fish told a newspaper that when his wife left him, she took nearly every possession the family owned. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish He would embed needles into his groin and abdomen. After his arrest, X-rays revealed that Fish had at least 29 needles lodged in his pelvic region. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish He chose people who were either mentally handicapped or African-American as his victims, explaining that he assumed these people would not be missed when killed. Fish would later claim to have occasionally paid boys to procure other children for him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish left but returned later to the Kiels' barn, where he tried to sleep but was discovered by Beatrice's father and forced to leave. Three days later, Fish killed Francis McDonnell, also on Staten Island. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Quinn and his friend were playing box ball on a sidewalk when Fish asked them if they had eaten lunch. When they said that they had not, he invited them into his apartment for sandwiches. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish He promised to hire Budd and his friend Willie, and said he would send for them in a few days. Fish failed to show up, but he sent a telegram to the Budd family apologizing and set a later date. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish failed to show up, but he sent a telegram to the Budd family apologizing and set a later date. When Fish returned, he met Edward's younger sister Grace Budd. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Mrs. Budd was illiterate and could not read the letter herself, so she had her son read it to her. The unaltered letter (complete with Fish's misspellings and grammatical errors) reads: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish The landlady of the rooming house said that Fish checked out of that room a few days earlier. She said that Fish's son sent him money and he asked her to hold his next check for him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish She said that Fish's son sent him money and he asked her to hold his next check for him. William F. King was the chief investigator for the case. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish King disarmed Fish and took him to police headquarters. Fish made no attempt to deny the murder of Grace Budd, saying that he meant to go to the house to kill Grace's brother Edward. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish refused to claim responsibility for this, although he later stated that he intended to castrate the boy but fled when he heard someone approaching the area. McDonnell's friends told the police that he was taken by an elderly man with a grey moustache. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish The boy was not wearing a jacket, was crying for his mother, and was dragged by the man on and off the trolley. Beaton's description of the "bogeyman" matched Fish. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish began to weep and asked to be left alone. After two hours of asking him questions through his lawyer, James Dempsey, Mrs. Gaffney gave up. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Fish attempted the sacrifice once before but was thwarted when a car drove past. Edward Budd was the next intended victim, but he turned out to be larger than expected so he settled on Grace. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Edward Budd was the next intended victim, but he turned out to be larger than expected so he settled on Grace. Although he knew Grace was female, it is believed that Fish perceived her as a boy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish Although he knew Grace was female, it is believed that Fish perceived her as a boy. Wertham then detailed Fish's cannibalism, which in his mind he associated with communion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish He testified that Fish was abnormal but sane. Under cross examination, Dempsey asked if coprophilia, urophilia, and pedophilia indicated a sane or insane person. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish None of the jurors doubted that Fish was insane, but ultimately, as one later explained, they felt he should be executed anyway. They found him to be sane and guilty, and the judge ordered the death sentence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Albert Fish In some species such as Nepanthia belcheri, a large female can split in half and the resulting offspring are males. When these grow large enough they change back into females. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Starfish Every species occupies a niche in its native ecosystem; some species fill large and varied roles, while others are highly specialized. Some invading species fill niches that are not used by native species, and they also can create new niches. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Invasive species Most of the families are monogeneric. Choristylis is now considered a synonym of Itea, but the addition of Pterostemon, gives Iteaceae two genera. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saxifragales
13761.	Q: At Open Market in Ljubljana, what are many of the food areas under? Title = Open Market in Ljubljana (993475805) Description = A: Umbrellas. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Federal Open Market Committee, Open market, Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport, Province of Ljubljana, Ljubljana Cathedral, Open outcry, Open market operation, Ljubljana Marshes Wheel, OpenMarket, Team Ljubljana Gusto Santic, NK Olimpija Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Olimpija Ljubljana, Open Market, Market capitalization, History of Federal Open Market Committee actions, Marketplace, Market, Ljubljana, Ljubljana Gap Toggle details	FastCGI was first implemented in Open Market's Web server products, but versions have since been developed for many other Web servers. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Open Market Open Market was later acquired by Divine in 2001 for about $59 million. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Open Market The most popular for food is Borough Market which sell most fresh produce as well as having a bakery. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Marketplace The Federal Open Market Committee meets every two months during the fiscal year. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The rail goes from Krek Square (Krekov trg) near the Ljubljana Central Market to Ljubljana Castle. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ljubljana The Manager of the System Open Market Account also reports on account transactions since the previous meeting. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Federal Open Market Committee Open Market was an ecommerce software startup, founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts in early 1994. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Open Market FatWire Software acquired Open Market's content management business from the Divine bankruptcy. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Open Market FatWire has extended the Open Market software and currently services Open Market's original content management customer base. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Open Market The Federal Open Market Committee voted to expand its quantitative easing program further on December 12, 2012. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions In order to survive, produce markets have been forced to consider value adding opportunities and many retail markets now focus on ready-to-eat food and take-away food. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Marketplace Open Market Operations are when the central bank buys bonds from other banks in exchange for cheques. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Open market India's Open Market Operation is much influenced by the fact that it is a developing country and that the capital flows are very different from those in developed countries. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Open market operation In the same year, Soverain Software acquired Open Market's ecommerce assets, including the TRANSACT product. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Open Market The term market covers many types of trading, as market squares, market halls and food halls, and their different varieties. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Marketplace Ljubljana as a city grew mostly to the north, and gradually incorporated many villages that were historically part of Upper Carniola and so its dialect shifted away and closer to the Upper dialects. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ljubljana The rail goes from Krek Square (Krekov trg) near the Ljubljana Central Market to Ljubljana Castle. It is especially popular among tourists. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ljubljana In 1999, Open Market acquired Future Tense, founded in 1995, to combine its ecommerce software with Future Tense's content management system. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Open Market This is a list of historical rate actions by the United States Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions At the end of 2006, the Ljubljana Castle funicular started to operate. The rail goes from Krek Square (Krekov trg) near the Ljubljana Central Market to Ljubljana Castle. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ljubljana Open Market Operations are when the central bank buys bonds from other banks in exchange for cheques. These local banks then cash the cheques, which allow them to take money from the central bank. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Open market FatWire Software acquired Open Market's content management business from the Divine bankruptcy. FatWire has extended the Open Market software and currently services Open Market's original content management customer base. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Open Market The Federal Open Market Committee action known as Operation Twist (named for the twist dance craze of the time) began in 1961. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions In August 2007, the Federal Open Market Committee's (FOMC) target for the federal funds rate was 5.25 percent. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions Further, on June 20, 2012 the Federal Open Market Committee announced an extension to the Twist programme by adding additionally $267 billion thereby extending it throughout 2012. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions On December 18, 2013 the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee announced they would be tapering back on QE3 at a rate of $ 10 billion at each meeting. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions Night market: popular in many countries in Asia, opening at night and featuring much street food and a more leisurely shopping experience. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Marketplace Through its history, Ljubljana has been struck by floods. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ljubljana The Diocese of Ljubljana was set up in 1461. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ljubljana Decorated with mythological bronze sculptures, created by Jakov Brdar, from Ancient Greek mythology and Biblical stories, the Butchers' Bridge connects the Ljubljana Open Market area and the restaurants-filled Petkovšek Embankment (Petkovškovo nabrežje). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ljubljana Reports prepared by the Manager of the System Open Market Account on operations in the domestic open market and in foreign currencies since the last regular meeting are also distributed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Federal Open Market Committee It includes a large duty-free shop, a new business lounge, one new air bridge, as well as renovated food & beverage and promotional areas. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport The Federal Reserve has conducted open market operations in this manner since the 1920s, through the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, under the direction of the Federal Open Market Committee. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open market operation Open Market Web Server: One of the first commercially available Web (HTTP) servers, and the first commercial product with a highly scalable threading architecture. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open Market In 1999, Open Market acquired Future Tense, founded in 1995, to combine its ecommerce software with Future Tense's content management system. Open Market was later acquired by Divine in 2001 for about $59 million. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open Market Divine later filed for bankruptcy in early 2003. In the same year, Soverain Software acquired Open Market's ecommerce assets, including the TRANSACT product. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open Market FatWire has extended the Open Market software and currently services Open Market's original content management customer base. FatWire was acquired in 2011 by Oracle, and OpenMarket's content Management is now branded as Oracle WebCenter Sites. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open Market OM e-Business Suite: The WCM Software acquired from FutureTense and greatly extendedOpen Market also invented FastCGI, a high-performance variant of the CGI interface. FastCGI was first implemented in Open Market's Web server products, but versions have since been developed for many other Web servers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Open Market In the height of the financial crisis in 2008, the Federal Open Market Committee decided to lower overnight interest rates to zero to help with easing of money and credit. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The Federal Open Market Committee concluded its September 21, 2011 Meeting at about 2:15 p.m. EDT by announcing the implementation of Operation Twist. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The FOMC controls the supply of credit to banks and the sale of treasury securities. The Federal Open Market Committee meets every two months during the fiscal year. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions City Market (Petersburg, Virginia) – Petersburg, Virginia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marketplace In many countries, shopping at a local market is a standard feature of daily life. Given the market's role in ensuring food supply for a population, markets are often highly regulated by a central authority. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marketplace Many supermarkets purchase directly from producers, supplanting the traditional role of both wholesale and retail markets. In order to survive, produce markets have been forced to consider value adding opportunities and many retail markets now focus on ready-to-eat food and take-away food. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marketplace The distinction between wholesale and retail markets is somewhat ambiguous in China, since many markets serve both as distribution centres and retail shopping venues. To assist in the distribution of food, more than 9,000 wholesale produce markets operate in China. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marketplace The symbol of the city is the Ljubljana Dragon. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana It is also known as the love padlocks-decorated bridge in Ljubljana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana The 1930 'Cobblers' Bridge' (Šuštarski, from German Schuster – Shoemaker) is another Plečnik's creation, connecting two major areas of medieval Ljubljana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana HistoryThe first libraries in Ljubljana were located in monasteries. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana There are a number of industrial rails in Ljubljana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana Decorated with mythological bronze sculptures, created by Jakov Brdar, from Ancient Greek mythology and Biblical stories, the Butchers' Bridge connects the Ljubljana Open Market area and the restaurants-filled Petkovšek Embankment (Petkovškovo nabrežje). It is also known as the love padlocks-decorated bridge in Ljubljana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ljubljana The Federal Open Market Committee was formed by the Banking Act of 1933 (codified at 12 U.S.C. § 263), and did not include voting rights for the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Federal Open Market Committee Finally, the Committee must reach a consensus regarding the appropriate course for policy, which is incorporated in a directive to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York—the Bank that executes transactions for the System Open Market Account. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Federal Open Market Committee To intervene in the "business cycle", a central bank may choose to go into the open market and buy or sell government bonds, which is known as open market operations to increase reserves. Open Market Operations are when the central bank buys bonds from other banks in exchange for cheques. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Open market The Federal Reserve also makes outright purchases and sales of securities through the System Open Market Account (SOMA) with its manager over the Trading Desk at the New York Reserve Bank. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Open market operation India's Open Market Operation is much influenced by the fact that it is a developing country and that the capital flows are very different from those in developed countries. Thus India's central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has to make policies and use instruments accordingly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Open market operation In the same year, Soverain Software acquired Open Market's ecommerce assets, including the TRANSACT product. FatWire Software acquired Open Market's content management business from the Divine bankruptcy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Open Market Market cap only reflects the equity value of a company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Market capitalization This is a list of historical rate actions by the United States Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). The FOMC controls the supply of credit to banks and the sale of treasury securities. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The Federal Open Market Committee meets every two months during the fiscal year. At scheduled meetings, the FOMC meets and makes any changes it sees as necessary, notably to the federal funds rate and the discount rate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The term market covers many types of trading, as market squares, market halls and food halls, and their different varieties. Due to this, marketplaces can be situated both outdoors and indoors, and in the modern world, like a online marketplace. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Marketplace Night market: popular in many countries in Asia, opening at night and featuring much street food and a more leisurely shopping experience. In Indonesia and Malaysia they are known as pasar malam --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Marketplace Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana The origin of the name of the city, Ljubljana, is unclear. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana There are several explanations on the origin of the Ljubljana Dragon. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana A number of earthquakes have devastated Ljubljana, including in 1511 and 1895. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana Ljubljana is the most successful speedway club in Slovenia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana Since 1291, there were also trade-oriented private schools in Ljubljana. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana The Ljubljana railway station is the central station of the hub. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana At the end of 2006, the Ljubljana Castle funicular started to operate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana In 2016, Ljubljana was 8th on the Copenhagenize list. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana The Franciscan Bridge, a predecessor of the present-day Triple Bridge, and the Butchers' Bridge connected the walled areas with wood-made buildings. Ljubljana acquired the town privileges at some time between 1220 and 1243. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana Through its history, Ljubljana has been struck by floods. The latest was in 2010. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ljubljana Plans for a railway line connecting the airport with the city of Ljubljana and possibly also Kranj and Kamnik have been presented in the past, however the line most likely won't be built in the near future. The Airport is connected with many bigger Slovenian cities by bus and shuttle connections. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport It is an easily recognizable landmark of the city with its green dome and twin towers and stands at Cyril and Methodius Square (Ciril-Metodov trg) by the nearby Ljubljana Central Market and Town Hall. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Cathedral The SOMA manager is responsible for trades that result in a short-term interest rate near the target rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), or create money by the outright purchase of securities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open market operation The money received goes into the Market Stabilization Scheme Account (MSSA). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open market operation The SOMA manager is responsible for trades that result in a short-term interest rate near the target rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), or create money by the outright purchase of securities. More rarely will it permanently destroy money by the outright sale of securities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open market operation Money is created or destroyed by changing the reserve account of the bank with the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve has conducted open market operations in this manner since the 1920s, through the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, under the direction of the Federal Open Market Committee. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open market operation Remains of pile dwellings were discovered in the Ljubljana Marshes as early as in 1875. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Marshes Wheel Open Market was an ecommerce software startup, founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts in early 1994. It went public in 1996 on the Nasdaq exchange under the symbol OMKT as one of the first ecommerce IPOs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open Market Open Market Web Server: One of the first commercially available Web (HTTP) servers, and the first commercial product with a highly scalable threading architecture. The Secure Web Server variant added support for Secure HTTP (S-HTTP) and SSL. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Open Market The Federal Open Market Committee action known as Operation Twist (named for the twist dance craze of the time) began in 1961. The intent was to flatten the yield curve in order to promote capital inflows and strengthen the dollar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The form that a market adopts depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions. The term market covers many types of trading, as market squares, market halls and food halls, and their different varieties. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Marketplace The Hebrew word for market is shuk (plural: shvakim), and food markets are found in every major city. Famous markets include the Carmel Market in Tel Aviv and Mahane Yehuda Market in Jerusalem. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Marketplace Ljubljana acquired the town privileges at some time between 1220 and 1243. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana In the 15th century, Ljubljana became recognised for its art, particularly painting and sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana From 1529, Ljubljana had an active Slovene Protestant community. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Postwar reprisals resulted in a number of mass graves in Ljubljana. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Easily identifiable due to its green dome and twin towers, it is located at Cyril and Methodius Square (Ciril-Metodov trg, named for Saints Cyril and Methodius) by the nearby Ljubljana Central Market and Town Hall. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Republic Square, originally named Revolution Square, is the largest square in Ljubljana. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana It was built in 1821 for ceremonial purposes such as Congress of Ljubljana after which it was named. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana A popular form is puppetry, mainly performed in the Ljubljana Puppet Theatre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Sports Club has been succeeded by the Livada Canoe and Kayak Club. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana The ice rinks in Ljubljana include Koseze Pond and Tivoli Hall. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana In 1805, the first state music school was established in Ljubljana. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana This airport has superseded the original Ljubljana airport, in operation from 1933 until 1963. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana Reintroduction of an actual tram system to Ljubljana has been proposed repeatedly in the 2000s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana There were five trolleybus lines in Ljubljana, until 1958 alongside the tram. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ljubljana The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), a committee within the Federal Reserve System (the Fed), is charged under United States law with overseeing the nation's open market operations (e.g., the Fed's buying and selling of United States Treasury securities). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Federal Open Market Committee Attendance at meetings is restricted because of the confidential nature of the information discussed and is limited to Committee members, nonmember Reserve Bank presidents, staff officers, the Manager of the System Open Market Account, and a small number of Board and Reserve Bank staff. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Federal Open Market Committee Under the Federal Reserve Act, the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System must appear before Congressional hearings at least twice per year regarding "the efforts, activities, objectives and plans of the Board and the Federal Open Market Committee with respect to the conduct of monetary policy". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Federal Open Market Committee The Airport is connected with many bigger Slovenian cities by bus and shuttle connections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport It includes a large duty-free shop, a new business lounge, one new air bridge, as well as renovated food & beverage and promotional areas. There are 22 check-in desks and 5 long security lines available. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport These villages were annexed to the municipality of Črnomelj as part of the Province of Ljubljana, despite being predominantly inhabited by Orthodox Serbs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Province of Ljubljana Remains of pile dwellings were discovered in the Ljubljana Marshes as early as in 1875. Since 2011, the site has been protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as an example of prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, a special form of dwellings in areas with lakes and marshes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Marshes Wheel Legally, Olimpija Ljubljana is distinct and separate club as treated by the Football Association of Slovenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NK Olimpija Ljubljana During the 2008–09 season, the club changed their name once again, this time to Olimpija Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NK Olimpija Ljubljana Stožice Stadium is a football stadium located in Ljubljana with a capacity of 16,038 covered seats. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NK Olimpija Ljubljana On many occasions, before or after the matches, the fans of the two clubs would also meet up and fight on the streets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NK Olimpija Ljubljana The chancellor of the university in Ljubljana during the French period was Joseph Walland (a.k.a. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Ljubljana In 1979 it was renamed "Edvard Kardelj University in Ljubljana" after the Communist leader. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Ljubljana As of 2018, the university has 23 faculties and three academies, situated throughout urban Ljubljana: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Ljubljana The National and University Library of Slovenia is the national library of Slovenia and the university library of the University of Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Ljubljana There are over 30 libraries at individual faculties, departments, and institutes of the University of Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Ljubljana Market capitalization, commonly called market cap, is the market value of a publicly traded company's outstanding shares. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Market capitalization Market capitalization is equal to the share price multiplied by the number of shares outstanding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Market capitalization Some economists believe that Scott Sumner's blog on nominal income targeting played a role in popularizing the "wonky, once-eccentric policy" of "unlimited QE". The Federal Open Market Committee voted to expand its quantitative easing program further on December 12, 2012. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The Federal Open Market Committee voted to expand its quantitative easing program further on December 12, 2012. This round continued to authorize up to $40 billion worth of agency mortgage-backed securities per month and added $45 billion worth of longer-term Treasury securities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions In many countries, shopping at a local market is a standard feature of daily life. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Given the market's role in ensuring food supply for a population, markets are often highly regulated by a central authority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Market stall-holders paid a market tax for the right to trade on market days. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Consequently, supervision of weights, measures, food quality and prices was a key consideration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The assize was a formal codification of prior informal codes which had been practised for many years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace An 18th century commentator noted the many markets he visited in West Africa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace To assist in the distribution of food, more than 9,000 wholesale produce markets operate in China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The Central Market, Hong Kong is a grade II listed building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The Gwangjang Market is the nation's top market and is a popular tourist destination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Central Market Hall, Budapest - built in 1897, the largest market in Budapest --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The Stocks Market was removed in 1737 as part of Christopher Wren's plans to rebuild the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace These take place in the evenings and have a more festive character, often involving attractions and food stalls. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace In addition, Barcelona offers many non-food markets including the street market, La Flor de Las Ramblas, Dominical de Sant Antoni, Encants de Sant Antoni and Encants Barcelona - Fira de Bellcaire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Since 2014, gourmet food halls have also sprung up in Mexico City, starting with Mercado Roma. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The Queen Victoria Market is the city of Melbourne's central market. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Paddy's Market, near Chinatown, is the produce market and operates Wednesday through to Sunday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace The Sydney Fish Market, in Pyrmont opens from 7am Wednesday through Saturday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace Some examples of street markets operating today include Berwick Street Market, Broadway Market, Camden Market, East Street Market, Petticoat Lane and Portobello Road Market. The most popular for food is Borough Market which sell most fresh produce as well as having a bakery. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marketplace It retained this status until Slovenia became independent in 1991 and Ljubljana became the capital of the newly formed state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Urban settlement in Ljubljana started in the second half of the 12th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In the late 1270s, Ljubljana was conquered by King Ottokar II of Bohemia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The first secondary school, public library and printing house opened in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In 1929, Ljubljana became the capital of the Drava Banovina, a Yugoslav province. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana remains the capital of independent Slovenia, which joined the European Union in 2004. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The extent of Ljubljana has changed considerably in the past 40 years, mainly because some of the nearby settlements have merged with Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In the second half of the 20th century, parts of Ljubljana were redesigned by Edvard Ravnikar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Much of the original frescos were ruined by the cracks in the ceiling caused by the Ljubljana earthquake in 1895. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana Cathedral (ljubljanska stolnica), or St. Nicholas's Cathedral (stolnica sv. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Tivoli City Park (Mestni park Tivoli) is the largest park in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Only a tourist train leaves Prešeren Square every day, transporting tourists to Ljubljana Castle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Čop Street (Čopova ulica) is a major thoroughfare in the centre of Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana While in Ljubljana, he lived in a house, on today's Ribji trg, in the oldest part of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In 2010, there were 14 museums and 56 art galleries in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Slovenian Philharmonics is the central music institution in Ljubljana and Slovenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana Dance Theatre is today the only venue in Ljubljana dedicated to contemporary dance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Several of its branches operate in Ljubljana, the largest of them being the Ljubljana Matica Alpine Club (Planinsko društvo Ljubljana-Matica). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Winter sports already started to develop in the area of the nowadays Ljubljana before World War II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana's ice hockey clubs are HK Slavija and HK Olimpija. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana It was built according to the plans of Jože Plečnik and was the home of the NK Olimpija Ljubljana, dissolved in 2004. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana Sports Park is located in Spodnja Šiška, part of the Šiška District. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Industry is the most important employer, notably in the pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals and food processing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana About 74% of Ljubljana households use district heating from the Ljubljana Power Station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana There are five areal police stations and four sectoral police stations in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In Ljubljana today there are over 50 public elementary schools with over 20,000 pupils. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Historically the first school in Ljubljana belonged to Teutonic Knights and was established in the 13th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In the beginning of the 17th century, there were six schools in Ljubljana and later three. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In Ljubljana there are ten public and three private grammar schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana In 2011, the University had 23 faculties and three academies, located around Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Students make up one-seventh of Ljubljana's population, giving the city a youthful character. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Altogether, there are 5 general public libraries and over 140 specialised libraries in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The next academy in Ljubljana, the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, was not established until 1938. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana All international transit trains in Slovenia drive through the Ljubljana hub, and all international passenger trains stop there. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The area of Ljubljana has six passenger stations and nine stops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Moste Railway Station is the largest Slovenian railway dispatch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Zalog Railway Station is the central Slovenian rail yard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Bus Station, the Ljubljana central bus hub, is located next to the Ljubljana railway station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Cavalier drives in the car-free zone in the Ljubljana downtown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana There is a considerable amount of bicycle traffic in Ljubljana, especially in the warmer months of the year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana has a rich history of discoveries in medicine and innovations in medical technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The majority of secondary and tertiary care in Slovenia takes place in Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana University Medical Centre is the largest hospital centre in Slovenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Community Health Centre is the largest health centre in Slovenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Since 1986, Ljubljana is part of the WHO European Healthy Cities Network. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Nikolaja), serves the Archdiocese of Ljubljana. Easily identifiable due to its green dome and twin towers, it is located at Cyril and Methodius Square (Ciril-Metodov trg, named for Saints Cyril and Methodius) by the nearby Ljubljana Central Market and Town Hall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Easily identifiable due to its green dome and twin towers, it is located at Cyril and Methodius Square (Ciril-Metodov trg, named for Saints Cyril and Methodius) by the nearby Ljubljana Central Market and Town Hall. The Diocese of Ljubljana was set up in 1461. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The 1930 'Cobblers' Bridge' (Šuštarski, from German Schuster – Shoemaker) is another Plečnik's creation, connecting two major areas of medieval Ljubljana. It is decorated by two kinds of pillars, the Corinthian pillars which delineate the shape of the bridge itself and the Ionic pillars as lamp-bearers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Ljubljana Sports Park is located in Spodnja Šiška, part of the Šiška District. It has a football stadium with five courts, an athletic hall, outdoor athletic areas, tennis courts, a Boules court, and a sand volleyball court. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The destinations are mainly European. This airport has superseded the original Ljubljana airport, in operation from 1933 until 1963. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana There are a number of industrial rails in Ljubljana. At the end of 2006, the Ljubljana Castle funicular started to operate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana There are three such vehicles in Ljubljana. The ride is free and there are no stations because it can be stopped anywhere. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Gap, less often the Ljubljana Gate (Slovene: Ljubljanska vrata), is a geographical term for --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Gap the transition area between the Alps and Dinaric Alps that passes from southwest to northeast between Trieste and Ljubljana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Gap A strategically-vital mountain pass in Europe, it is named after Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ljubljana Gap The Fed chair has been invariably appointed by the committee as its chair since 1935, solidifying the perception of the two roles as one. The Federal Open Market Committee was formed by the Banking Act of 1933 (codified at 12 U.S.C. § 263), and did not include voting rights for the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Federal Open Market Committee Finally, the Committee must reach a consensus regarding the appropriate course for policy, which is incorporated in a directive to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York—the Bank that executes transactions for the System Open Market Account. The directive is cast in terms designed to provide guidance to the Manager in the conduct of day-to-day open market operations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Federal Open Market Committee In 2007, the then centre-right government proposed renaming the airport from Aerodrom Ljubljana to Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport The following airlines operate regular scheduled and seasonal flights to and from Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport A new 10,000 m2 (110,000 sq ft) extension was built to the west of the old terminal building. It includes a large duty-free shop, a new business lounge, one new air bridge, as well as renovated food & beverage and promotional areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport After the war the inhabitants of those areas demanded to be returned to the People’s Republic of Croatia as part of the county of Karlovac. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Province of Ljubljana The Province of Ljubljana saw the deportation of 25,000 people, which equaled 7.5% of the total population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Province of Ljubljana He became chief of the puppet provincial government of Ljubljana Province and came into the service of the Third Reich. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Province of Ljubljana The city of Ljubljana and its southern suburbs. The northern suburbs (Šentvid) were under the occupation of the Greater German Reich. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Province of Ljubljana Ljubljana Cathedral (Slovene: ljubljanska stolnica), officially named St. Nicholas's Church (cerkev sv. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Cathedral Nikolaja), the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, or simply the Cathedral (Stolnica), is a cathedral in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Cathedral The side door, now named the Ljubljana Door, was redesigned by Mirsad Begić, who decorated them with portraits of the 20th-century bishops of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Cathedral Originally, Ljubljana Cathedral was a Gothic church. In the early 18th century, it was replaced by a Baroque building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Cathedral In the early 18th century, it was replaced by a Baroque building. It is an easily recognizable landmark of the city with its green dome and twin towers and stands at Cyril and Methodius Square (Ciril-Metodov trg) by the nearby Ljubljana Central Market and Town Hall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Cathedral Open outcry is a method of communication between professionals on a stock exchange or futures exchange typically on a trading floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Open outcry The Federal Reserve also makes outright purchases and sales of securities through the System Open Market Account (SOMA) with its manager over the Trading Desk at the New York Reserve Bank. The trade of securities in the SOMA changes the balance of bank reserves, which also affects short-term interest rates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Open market operation The trade of securities in the SOMA changes the balance of bank reserves, which also affects short-term interest rates. The SOMA manager is responsible for trades that result in a short-term interest rate near the target rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), or create money by the outright purchase of securities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Open market operation The Federal Reserve has conducted open market operations in this manner since the 1920s, through the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, under the direction of the Federal Open Market Committee. OMOs also control inflation because when treasury bills are sold to commercial banks, it decreases the money supply. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Open market operation Olimpija Ljubljana was founded on 2 March 2005 as NK Bežigrad, and was renamed NK Olimpija Bežigrad during their third season of existence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NK Olimpija Ljubljana Traditionally Ljubljana represents the richer western part of the country while Maribor is the center of the poorer eastern part. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NK Olimpija Ljubljana Faculty of Health SciencesThe university was initially located in the centre of Ljubljana where the central university building and the majority of its faculties are located. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Ljubljana The University of Ljubljana has two university libraries. The National and University Library of Slovenia is the national library of Slovenia and the university library of the University of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Ljubljana Market capitalization is used by the investment community in ranking the size of companies, as opposed to sales or total asset figures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Market capitalization The unusual severity of the recession and ongoing strains in financial markets made the challenges facing monetary policymakers all the greater. In the height of the financial crisis in 2008, the Federal Open Market Committee decided to lower overnight interest rates to zero to help with easing of money and credit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions On December 18, 2013 the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee announced they would be tapering back on QE3 at a rate of $ 10 billion at each meeting. The Federal Reserve ended its monthly asset purchases program (QE3) in October 2014, ten months after it began the tapering process. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions During the Qin empire and the Han dynasty which followed it, markets were enclosed with walls and gates and strictly separated from residential areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Market square in Europe: open area usually in town centre with stalls selling goods in a public square --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Fresh produce markets have traditionally dominated the South African food chain, handling more than half of all fresh produce. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace In addition to produce markets, China has many specialised markets such as a silk market, clothing markets and an antiques market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace In India today, many different types of market serve retail and commercial clients:(1) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace The Hebrew word for market is shuk (plural: shvakim), and food markets are found in every major city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Famous markets include the Carmel Market in Tel Aviv and Mahane Yehuda Market in Jerusalem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace These included Smithfield Meat Market (built in 1866), Billingsgate Fish Market (constructed in 1875) and Leadenhall Market (completed in 1881). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Central Municipal Market, Athinas Street, Athens - a 19th-century market --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Saint John City Market - Saint John, New BrunswickHistoric markets that have been converted to other uses include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace St. Andrew's Market, Toronto – demolished 1937 and site of water works and park --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Ferry Plaza Farmers Market & Ferry Building Marketplace – San Francisco, California --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Major suburban markets include the Prahran Market, South Melbourne market and the Footscray Market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Markets have been known in parts of Africa for centuries. An 18th century commentator noted the many markets he visited in West Africa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace To assist in the distribution of food, more than 9,000 wholesale produce markets operate in China. Some of these markets operate on a very large scale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace (Madrid Farmers' Market) and El Rastro - the largest open air flea market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace Since 2014, gourmet food halls have also sprung up in Mexico City, starting with Mercado Roma. Some traditional markets include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace City Market (Petersburg, Virginia) – Petersburg, Virginia. Built in 1878–79 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marketplace It is depicted on the top of the tower of Ljubljana Castle in the Ljubljana coat of arms and on the Ljubljanica-crossing Dragon Bridge (Zmajski most). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana It is historically more believable that the dragon was adopted from Saint George, the patron of the Ljubljana Castle chapel built in the 15th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Around 2000 BC, the Ljubljana Marshes in the immediate vicinity of Ljubljana were settled by people living in pile dwellings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana According to the historian Peter Štih's deduction, this happened between 1112 and 1125, thus representing the earliest mention of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Only 5% of all the residents of Ljubljana at the time were Catholic, and so it took quite a while to re-Catholicize the town. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In 1779, St. Christopher's Cemetery replaced the cemetery at St. Peter's Church as Ljubljana's main cemetery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana From 1809 to 1813, during the Napoleonic interlude, Ljubljana (under the name Laybach) was the capital of the Illyrian Provinces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The main watercourses in Ljubljana are the Ljubljanica, the Sava, the Gradaščica, the Mali Graben, the Iška and the Iščica rivers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The lowest point of Ljubljana, with an elevation of 261 meters (856 ft), is located at the confluence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The Gruber Canal has partly diminished the danger of floods in the Ljubljana Marshes, the largest marshes in Slovenia, south of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Yearly precipitation is about 1,400 mm (55 in), making Ljubljana one of the wettest European capitals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Despite the appearance of large buildings, especially at the city's edge, Ljubljana's historic centre remains intact. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Although the oldest architecture has been preserved from the Roman period, Ljubljana's downtown got its outline in the Middle Ages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Town Hall (Mestna hiša, Magistrat), located at Town Square, is the seat of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The park was laid out during the French imperial administration of Ljubljana in 1813 and named after the Parisian Jardins de Tivoli. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In 2014, Ljubljana won the European Green Capital Award for 2016 for their environmental achievements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana It connects the neighbourhoods of Krakovo and Trnovo, the oldest Ljubljana suburbs, known for their market gardens and cultural events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The central position of Ljubljana and its dialect had crucial impact on the development of the Slovenian language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana It is estimated that in Trubar's time around 70% of Ljubljana's 4000 inhabitants attended mass in Slovene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Trubar considered Ljubljana's speech most suitable, since it sounded much more noble, than his own simple dialect of his hometown Rašica. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The cinema in Ljubljana appeared for the first time at the turn of the 20th century, and quickly gained popularity among the residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The Slovenian Cinematheque hosts the international Ljubljana LGBT Film Festival which showcases LGBT-themed films. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Theatre has a rich tradition in Ljubljana, starting with the 1867 first ever Slovene-language drama performance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The modern dance was presented in Ljubljana for the first time at the end of the 19th century and developed rapidly since the end of the 1920s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In July 2015, over four days, the 56th Ljubljana Jazz Festival took place. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In the 1980s with the emergence of subcultures in Ljubljana, an alternative culture begun to develop in Ljubljana organised around two student organisations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana A tension between German and Slovene residents dominated the development of sport of Ljubljana in the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In 1906, Slovenes organised themselves in its Slovene counterpart, the Ljubljana Sports Club (Ljubljanski športni klub). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Nowadays, the city's football teams which play in the Slovenian PrvaLiga are NK Olimpija Ljubljana and NK Bravo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana RD Slovan is male handball club from Ljubljana that currently competes in Slovenian First League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Stock Exchange (Ljubljanska borza), purchased in 2008 by the Vienna Stock Exchange, deals with large Slovenian companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana The city of Ljubljana is governed by the City Municipality of Ljubljana (Slovene: Mestna občina Ljubljana; MOL), which is led by the city council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana In 1910, there were 29 secondary schools in Ljubljana, among them classical and real gymnasiums and Realschules (technical secondary schools). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Besides the two largest university libraries there are libraries at individual faculties, departments and institutes of the University of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana A toll sticker system has been in use on the Ljubljana Ring Road since 1 July 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Sometimes the buses are called trole (referring to trolley poles), harking back to the 1951–71 days when Ljubljana had trolleybus (trolejbus) service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana There are also many one-way streets which therefore cannot be used as alternate routes so it is difficult to legally travel by bicycle through the city centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Nevertheless, the situation has been steadily improving; in 2015, Ljubljana placed 13th in a ranking of the world's most bicycle-friendly cities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the area. Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Ljubljana acquired the town privileges at some time between 1220 and 1243. Seven fires erupted in the town during the Middle Ages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Ljubljana became an important educational centre. From 1529, Ljubljana had an active Slovene Protestant community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Ljubljana Cathedral (ljubljanska stolnica), or St. Nicholas's Cathedral (stolnica sv. Nikolaja), serves the Archdiocese of Ljubljana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Ljubljana's ice hockey clubs are HK Slavija and HK Olimpija. They both compete in the Slovenian Hockey League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Ljubljana is the most successful speedway club in Slovenia. The Ljubljana Sports Club has been succeeded by the Livada Canoe and Kayak Club. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Since 1291, there were also trade-oriented private schools in Ljubljana. In the beginning of the 17th century, there were six schools in Ljubljana and later three. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Reintroduction of an actual tram system to Ljubljana has been proposed repeatedly in the 2000s. There are numerous taxi companies in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana There is a considerable amount of bicycle traffic in Ljubljana, especially in the warmer months of the year. It is also possible to rent a bike. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ljubljana Before each regularly scheduled meeting of the FOMC, System staff prepare written reports on past and prospective economic and financial developments that are sent to Committee members and to nonmember Reserve Bank presidents. Reports prepared by the Manager of the System Open Market Account on operations in the domestic open market and in foreign currencies since the last regular meeting are also distributed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Federal Open Market Committee Reports prepared by the Manager of the System Open Market Account on operations in the domestic open market and in foreign currencies since the last regular meeting are also distributed. At the meeting itself, staff officers present oral reports on the current and prospective business situation, on conditions in financial markets, and on international financial developments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Federal Open Market Committee The airport was officially opened in December 1963. It replaced Polje Airport in the former Municipality of Polje near Ljubljana, which served as the city's airport from 1933 and was Slovenia's first civil airport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport The Airport is connected with many bigger Slovenian cities by bus and shuttle connections. Klagenfurt is connected by the Alpe Adria bus line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport Ljubljana Cathedral (Slovene: ljubljanska stolnica), officially named St. Nicholas's Church (cerkev sv. Nikolaja, unofficially also šenklavška cerkev), also named St. Nicholas's Cathedral (Slovene: stolnica sv. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Cathedral Nikolaja, unofficially also šenklavška cerkev), also named St. Nicholas's Cathedral (Slovene: stolnica sv. Nikolaja), the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, or simply the Cathedral (Stolnica), is a cathedral in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Cathedral Nikolaja), the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, or simply the Cathedral (Stolnica), is a cathedral in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. Originally, Ljubljana Cathedral was a Gothic church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Cathedral An extensive fire in 1361 saw it refurbished in the Gothic style but underwent alterations when the Diocese of Ljubljana was established in 1461 and the church became a cathedral. However, in 1469 it was burnt down again. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Cathedral The side door, now named the Ljubljana Door, was redesigned by Mirsad Begić, who decorated them with portraits of the 20th-century bishops of Ljubljana. Subsequently, an automatic electric door has been added beyond the main door. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Cathedral According to this scheme, the RBI issues additional T-bills and securities to absorb the liquidity. The money received goes into the Market Stabilization Scheme Account (MSSA). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Open market operation The money received goes into the Market Stabilization Scheme Account (MSSA). The RBI cannot use this account for paying any interest or discounts and cannot credit any premiums to this account. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Open market operation The chancellor of the university in Ljubljana during the French period was Joseph Walland (a.k.a. Jožef Balant, 1763–1834), born in Upper Carniola. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Ljubljana In 1979 it was renamed "Edvard Kardelj University in Ljubljana" after the Communist leader. In 1990, with the fall of Yugoslavia, it was regiven its original name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) University of Ljubljana Market cap only reflects the equity value of a company. A firm's choice of capital structure has a significant impact on how the total value of a company is allocated between equity and debt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Market capitalization In the height of the financial crisis in 2008, the Federal Open Market Committee decided to lower overnight interest rates to zero to help with easing of money and credit. Over the past five years, the Federal Reserve has acted to support economic growth and foster job creation, and it is important to achieve further progress, particularly in the labor market. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions The Federal Open Market Committee concluded its September 21, 2011 Meeting at about 2:15 p.m. EDT by announcing the implementation of Operation Twist. This is a plan to purchase $400 billion of bonds with maturities of 6 to 30 years and to sell bonds with maturities less than 3 years, thereby extending the average maturity of the Fed's own portfolio. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Federal Open Market Committee actions On the opposite corner stood the macellum, thought to have been a meat and fish market. Market stall-holders paid a market tax for the right to trade on market days. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace The assize was a formal codification of prior informal codes which had been practised for many years. The courts of assize were granted the power to enforce these regulations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace There are many different ways to classify markets. One way is to consider the nature of the buyer and the market's place within the distribution system. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace The wholesale markets were highly controlled, closed environments that were minutely regulated and meticulously planned. These included Smithfield Meat Market (built in 1866), Billingsgate Fish Market (constructed in 1875) and Leadenhall Market (completed in 1881). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace Major suburban markets include the Prahran Market, South Melbourne market and the Footscray Market. Periodic farmers' markets are also very popular in Melbourne. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace Paddy's Market, near Chinatown, is the produce market and operates Wednesday through to Sunday. Haymarket is one of the main produce markets and is located in Flemington. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marketplace The origin of the name of the city, Ljubljana, is unclear. In the Middle Ages, both the river and the town were also known by the German name Laibach. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The name Laibach, he claimed, was actually a hybrid of German and Slovene and derived from the same personal name. The symbol of the city is the Ljubljana Dragon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The symbol of the city is the Ljubljana Dragon. It is depicted on the top of the tower of Ljubljana Castle in the Ljubljana coat of arms and on the Ljubljanica-crossing Dragon Bridge (Zmajski most). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana It is depicted on the top of the tower of Ljubljana Castle in the Ljubljana coat of arms and on the Ljubljanica-crossing Dragon Bridge (Zmajski most). It symbolises power, courage, and greatness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The first secondary school, public library and printing house opened in Ljubljana. Ljubljana became an important educational centre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Since 1985, the commemorative trail has ringed the city where this iron fence once stood. Postwar reprisals resulted in a number of mass graves in Ljubljana. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The mountainous regions nearby are older, dating from the Mesozoic (Triassic) or Paleozoic. A number of earthquakes have devastated Ljubljana, including in 1511 and 1895. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The lowest point of Ljubljana, with an elevation of 261 meters (856 ft), is located at the confluence. Through its history, Ljubljana has been struck by floods. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana There are two major ponds in Ljubljana. Koseze Pond is located in the Šiška District and Tivoli Pond is in the southern part of Tivoli City Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The city's architecture is a mix of architectural styles. Despite the appearance of large buildings, especially at the city's edge, Ljubljana's historic centre remains intact. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana It connects the neighbourhoods of Krakovo and Trnovo, the oldest Ljubljana suburbs, known for their market gardens and cultural events. It was built between 1929 and 1932. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Only a tourist train leaves Prešeren Square every day, transporting tourists to Ljubljana Castle. Republic Square, originally named Revolution Square, is the largest square in Ljubljana. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Republic Square, originally named Revolution Square, is the largest square in Ljubljana. It was designed in the second half of the 20th century by Edvard Ravnikar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Congress Square (Kongresni trg) is one of the important centres of the city. It was built in 1821 for ceremonial purposes such as Congress of Ljubljana after which it was named. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The Slovenian Philharmonics is the central music institution in Ljubljana and Slovenia. It holds classical music concerts of domestic and foreign performers as well as educates youth. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Ljubljana Dance Theatre is today the only venue in Ljubljana dedicated to contemporary dance. Despite this, there's a vivid happening in the field. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana In 1906, Slovenes organised themselves in its Slovene counterpart, the Ljubljana Sports Club (Ljubljanski športni klub). Its members were primarily interested in rowing, but also swimming and football. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana ND Ilirija 1911 currently competes in Slovenian Second League. Ljubljana's ice hockey clubs are HK Slavija and HK Olimpija. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana They won the EHF Champions League twice, in 2001 and 2003. RD Slovan is male handball club from Ljubljana that currently competes in Slovenian First League. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Another stadium in the Bežigrad district, Bežigrad Stadium, is closed since 2008 and is deteriorating. It was built according to the plans of Jože Plečnik and was the home of the NK Olimpija Ljubljana, dissolved in 2004. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana It was built according to the plans of Jože Plečnik and was the home of the NK Olimpija Ljubljana, dissolved in 2004. Joc Pečečnik, a Slovenian multimillionaire, plans to renovate it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Joc Pečečnik, a Slovenian multimillionaire, plans to renovate it. Ljubljana Sports Park is located in Spodnja Šiška, part of the Šiška District. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana International competitions for the Kongsberg Cup were held there, attended by thousands of spectators. The ice rinks in Ljubljana include Koseze Pond and Tivoli Hall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The city of Ljubljana is governed by the City Municipality of Ljubljana (Slovene: Mestna občina Ljubljana; MOL), which is led by the city council. The president of the city council is called the mayor. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Public order and municipal traffic regulations are also supervised by the city traffic wardens (Mestno redarstvo). Ljubljana has a quiet and secure reputation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana In Ljubljana today there are over 50 public elementary schools with over 20,000 pupils. This also includes an international elementary school for foreign pupils. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana Historically the first school in Ljubljana belonged to Teutonic Knights and was established in the 13th century. It originally accepted only boys; girls were accepted from the beginning of the 16th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana In the beginning of the 17th century, there were six schools in Ljubljana and later three. A girls' school was established by Poor Clares, followed in 1703 by the Ursulines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana HistoryThe first libraries in Ljubljana were located in monasteries. The first public library was the Carniolan Estates' Library, established in 1569 by Primož Trubar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana All international transit trains in Slovenia drive through the Ljubljana hub, and all international passenger trains stop there. The area of Ljubljana has six passenger stations and nine stops. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The Ljubljana railway station is the central station of the hub. The Ljubljana Moste Railway Station is the largest Slovenian railway dispatch. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Moste Railway Station is the largest Slovenian railway dispatch. The Ljubljana Zalog Railway Station is the central Slovenian rail yard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Zalog Railway Station is the central Slovenian rail yard. There are a number of industrial rails in Ljubljana. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana In 1959, it was abolished in favor of automobiles; the tracks were dismantled and tram cars were transferred to Osijek and Subotica. Reintroduction of an actual tram system to Ljubljana has been proposed repeatedly in the 2000s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The city bus network, run by the Ljubljana Passenger Transport (LPP) company, is Ljubljana's most widely used means of public transport. The fleet is relatively modern. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana It can carry up to five passengers; most of them are elderly people and tourists. The Cavalier drives in the car-free zone in the Ljubljana downtown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The majority of secondary and tertiary care in Slovenia takes place in Ljubljana. The Ljubljana University Medical Centre is the largest hospital centre in Slovenia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana The Ljubljana Community Health Centre is the largest health centre in Slovenia. It has seven units at 11 locations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana It has seven units at 11 locations. Since 1986, Ljubljana is part of the WHO European Healthy Cities Network. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ljubljana
11728.	Q: Did multiple skeletons appear at the the Day of the Dead procession in San Francisco in 2009? Title = Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos) procession in San Francisco, Skeleton, 2009.JPG Description = Title = Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos) procession in San Francisco, man with crying blue skull 2009.JPG Description = A: yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: 1906 San Francisco earthquake, The Day the Music Died, San Francisco International Airport, Driver: San Francisco, Thorax, San Francisco, Valentine's Day, San Francisco Bay Area, If Day, San Francisco 49ers, Multiple myeloma, Darren O'Shaughnessy, Knott's Scary Farm, The Day After Tomorrow, Equus scotti, St. Brice's Day massacre, Mayor of San Francisco, Skeleton key, Algorithmic skeleton, Procession of the Holy Blood, San Francisco Bay, Tenderloin, San Francisco, Day Day Up, Independence Day (United States), Procession of the dead, Skeleton (computer programming), Filioque, Day of the Dead, Green Day, Day, The Day, Procession of the Species, Kanaklata Barua, Prayer for the dead, Skeleton (sport), The Dead Files, San Francisco Giants, List of bones of the human skeleton, Skeletonization, Dancing procession of Echternach Toggle details	The Pac-12 Network is also based in San Francisco. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) San Francisco Over 80% of the city of San Francisco was destroyed. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 1906 San Francisco earthquake But there is no doubt anywhere that San Francisco can be rebuilt, larger, better, and soon. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The earthquake is shown towards the end of MGM's San Francisco --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 1906 San Francisco earthquake San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco San Francisco also has had a very active environmental community. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco San Francisco has long had an LGBT-friendly history. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously since 1972. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco San Francisco residents have often ranked among the fittest in the country. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco San Francisco was an early adopter of carsharing in America. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco The San Francisco Police Department was founded in 1849. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco Additionally, San Francisco saw the most reports of arson. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco Bay Area The team is legally and corporately registered as San Francisco Forty Niners. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) San Francisco 49ers Candidates must live and be registered to vote in San Francisco at the time of the election. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Mayor of San Francisco Both the movie and book were based in San Francisco's Tenderloin. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Tenderloin, San Francisco Pan de muerto and calaveras are associated specifically with Day of the Dead. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Day of the Dead Following this, Tanner and his partner Tobias Jones manage to locate and arrest him in San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Driver: San Francisco Driver: San Francisco was the first in line to utilize this feature. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Driver: San Francisco San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Over this period, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco In May 2020, San Francisco officially sanctioned homeless encampments. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco The Warriors' arena, Chase Center, is located in San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco The San Francisco Marathon attracts more than 21,000 participants. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco All in all, UCSF operates more than 20 facilities across San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Nearly 40 of those schools are Catholic schools managed by the Archdiocese of San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco San Francisco and 7x7 are major glossy magazines about San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay Area CNET, founded 1994, and Salon.com, 1995, are based in San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Transit is the most used form of transportation every day in San Francisco. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Additionally, San Francisco was revealed to have the most unsheltered homeless people in the country. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco has played Dallas in seven postseason games. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco 49ers To date, 44 individuals have served as San Francisco mayor. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mayor of San Francisco However, this entire group of interconnected bays is often called the San Francisco Bay. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay There are five large islands in San Francisco Bay. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay The indigenous inhabitants of the San Francisco Bay are Ohlone. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay Sweeney Ridge, now marked as the place where he first sighted San Francisco Bay. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay was traversed by watercraft before the arrival of Europeans. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay (See article Ferries of San Francisco Bay). --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) San Francisco Bay San Francisco International Airport (IATA: SFO, ICAO: --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco International Airport The airport is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco, although it is outside of San Francisco in unincorporated San Mateo County. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco International Airport The plane was on a trip from Tokyo to San Francisco, after making a stop in Honolulu. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco International Airport An abundant water supply enabled San Francisco to develop into the city it has become today. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Yet high technology and entrepreneurship remain mainstays of the San Francisco economy. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco San Francisco falls under the USDA 10b Plant hardiness zone. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco The percentage of African Americans in San Francisco is similar to that of California. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Homelessness has been a chronic problem for San Francisco since the early 1970s. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco San Francisco also offers tourists cultural and unique nightlife in its neighborhoods. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco The commodification of the Castro District has contributed to San Francisco's tourist economy. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco There is also the San Francisco State Gators, who compete in NCAA Division II. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco San Francisco International Airport, though located in San Mateo County, is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Foreign governments maintain more than seventy consulates in San Francisco. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco San Francisco-based inventors made important contributions to modern media. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco In 2019, 42 people were killed in traffic collisions in San Francisco. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco "San Fran" and "Frisco" are controversial as nicknames among San Francisco residents. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Thirteen lived in San Francisco proper, placing it seventh among cities in the world. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Bay Area In the South Bay, the Guadalupe River drains into San Francisco Bay near Alviso. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco Bay drains water from approximately 40 percent of California. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Bay Here some of it settled, eventually filling in Suisun Bay, San Pablo Bay, and San Francisco Bay, in decreasing order of severity. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is spanned by nine bridges, eight of which carry cars. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Bay This was done through multiple 'prequel shows' (天天向上前传 or 'Day Day Up Prequels'). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Day Day Up In addition to food, drink is also important to the tradition of Day of the Dead. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Day of the Dead The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) San Francisco Giants More than 3,000 people died. Over 80% of the city of San Francisco was destroyed. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The airport's name was officially changed to San Francisco Airport in 1931 upon the purchase of the land. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco International Airport This pilot program was conducted for a neighborhood in South San Francisco and success was achieved in all of the homes analyzed. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco International Airport Route 398 serves the airport and it runs between San Francisco and Redwood City Caltrain. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco International Airport Nippon Cargo Airlines has its San Francisco branch on the airport property. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco International Airport Ubisoft officially announced the game, titled Driver: San Francisco on their E3 2010 conference. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Driver: San Francisco The population of African Americans in San Francisco is 6% of the city's population. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in Mumbai. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco However, gangs founded in San Francisco with majority Black memberships have made their presence in the city. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco San Francisco is now widely considered the most important city in the world for new technology startups. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Itineraries from San Francisco usually include round-trip cruises to Alaska and Mexico. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco San Francisco has a large number of theaters and live performance venues. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco San Francisco hosted the 2013 America's Cup yacht racing competition. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco San Francisco also has had Esports teams, such as the Overwatch League's San Francisco Shock. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco There are more than 220 parks maintained by the San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco The major daily newspaper in San Francisco is the San Francisco Chronicle, which is currently Northern California's most widely circulated newspaper. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Another commuter rail system, Caltrain, runs from San Francisco along the San Francisco Peninsula to San Jose. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously since 1972. The events are themed and a new theme is created each year. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco The "Peninsula" subregion includes the cities and towns on the San Francisco Peninsula, excluding the titular city of San Francisco. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay Area The city is also host to a California State University school, San Francisco State University. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay Area This weather pattern is also the source for delays at San Francisco International Airport. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay Area Dallas won the first two match-ups, and San Francisco won the third. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco 49ers The species was named from Rock Creek, Texas, United States, where multiple skeletons were recovered. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Equus scotti Candidates must live and be registered to vote in San Francisco at the time of the election. The mayor is usually sworn in on the January 8 following the election. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mayor of San Francisco San Francisco Bay is a shallow estuary in the U.S. state of California. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay Eventually, the larger, more important body of water fully appropriated the name San Francisco Bay. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge on I-80 connects Alameda and San Francisco counties. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Bay However, the name "Tenderloin" does not appear on any maps of San Francisco prior to the 1930s; before then, it was labeled as "Downtown", although it was informally referred to as "the Tenderloin" as early as the 1890s. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Tenderloin, San Francisco The traditions and activities that take place in celebration of the Day of the Dead are not universal, often varying from town to town. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Day of the Dead The Giants were unable to sustain success in their first 50 years in San Francisco. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) San Francisco Giants Some were started when San Francisco Fire Department firefighters, untrained in the use of dynamite, attempted to demolish buildings to create firebreaks. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The earthquake was crucial in the development of the University of California, San Francisco and its medical facilities. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 1906 San Francisco earthquake These shuttle buses meet San Francisco Bay Ferry services from Alameda and Oakland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco International Airport On September 11, 2001, United Airlines Flight 93 was destined for San Francisco. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco International Airport Colloquial nicknames for San Francisco include SF, San Fran, The City, and Frisco. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco First was the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, startup companies invigorated the San Francisco economy. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Abutting Russian Hill and North Beach is San Francisco's Chinatown, the oldest Chinatown in North America. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Because of its sharp topography and maritime influences, San Francisco exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Meanwhile, 10% of the residents in metropolitan San Francisco identify as agnostics, while 5% identify as atheists. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco However, by 2016, San Francisco was rated low by small businesses in a Business Friendliness Survey. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Because of these characteristics, San Francisco is ranked the second "most walkable" city in the United States by Walkscore.com. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Major League Baseball's San Francisco Giants have played in San Francisco since moving from New York in 1958. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco San Francisco State University is part of the California State University system and is located near Lake Merced. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco The San Francisco Bay Area is the sixth-largest television market and the fourth-largest radio market in the U.S. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco The San Francisco Municipal Railway, primarily known as Muni, is the primary public transit system of San Francisco. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco There are 1,088 miles of streets in San Francisco with 946 miles of these streets being surface streets, and 59 miles of freeways. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco In 2015, Walk Score ranked San Francisco the second-most walkable city in the United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco In Spain, Valentine's Day is known as "San Valentín" and is celebrated the same way as in the rest of the West. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Valentine's Day Although geographically located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, the city of San Francisco is not considered part of the "Peninsula" subregion, but as a separate entity. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area Spain's King Philip II as Puerto y Bahía de San Francisco. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area The rush was so great that vessels were abandoned by the hundreds in San Francisco's ports as crews rushed to the goldfields. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area By the 1970s, San Francisco had developed a vibrant jazz scene, earning the moniker, "Harlem of the West". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area The San Francisco Bay Area is the eighth-largest television market and the fourth-largest radio market in the U.S. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco, Marin County and the Lamorinda area all have substantial Jewish communities. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area However, according to San Francisco’s Department of Public Health, the number of homeless people in San Francisco alone is 9,975. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area The University of California, San Francisco is entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay Area The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team based in the San Francisco Bay Area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco 49ers It was named by the man who actually devised the formation, San Francisco 49ers' coach Red Hickey, in 1960. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco 49ers Playing in San Francisco did not revive Plunkett's career as he had another disappointing season, throwing only 9 touchdown passes. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco 49ers The Raiders notably upset the defending Super Bowl champion 49ers in San Francisco in 1982, winning 23–17. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco 49ers For the full season-by-season franchise results, see List of San Francisco 49ers seasons. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco 49ers Prior to the conquest, Californios served as Mayor of San Francisco during the Spanish and Mexican eras since 1779. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mayor of San Francisco This work has continued without interruption ever since an enormous federal subsidy to San Francisco Bay shipping. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Bay He also highlights that in the 19th century press there was little mention of the Day of the Dead in the sense that we know it today. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Day of the Dead During Day of the Dead festivities, food is both eaten by living people and given to the spirits of their departed ancestors as ofrendas ('offerings'). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Day of the Dead In October 2009, a Green Day art project was exhibited at StolenSpace Gallery in London. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Green Day The San Francisco Giants farm system consists of eight minor league affiliates. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) San Francisco Giants In the 1960s, a seismologist at UC Berkeley proposed that the epicenter was more likely offshore of San Francisco, to the northwest of the Golden Gate. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Although the impact of the earthquake on San Francisco was the most famous, the earthquake also inflicted considerable damage on several other cities. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake It was constructed in 1875 primarily financed by Bank of California co-founder William Ralston, the "man who built San Francisco". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The fire following the earthquake in San Francisco cost an estimated $350 million at the time (equivalent to $7.67 billion in 2019). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Some were started when San Francisco Fire Department firefighters, untrained in the use of dynamite, attempted to demolish buildings to create firebreaks. The dynamited buildings themselves often caught fire. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake But there is no doubt anywhere that San Francisco can be rebuilt, larger, better, and soon. Just as there would be none at all if all this New York that has so obsessed me with its limitless bigness was itself a blazing ruin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1906 San Francisco earthquake SFO is the largest airport in the San Francisco Bay Area and the second busiest in California, after LAX. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport San Francisco purchased the property and the surrounding area expanding the site to 1,112 acres (450 ha) beginning in August 1930. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport Sydney – Auckland – Fiji – Kanton Island – Honolulu – San Francisco – Vancouver, BC. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport United then constructed a large maintenance facility at San Francisco for its new Douglas DC-8s, which were also flying nonstop to New York. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport Route 292 serves the airport daily between San Francisco and Hillsdale Mall via Bayshore Boulevard and Downtown San Mateo. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport The airport provides free shuttle bus service to and from the South San Francisco Ferry Terminal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco International Airport Driver: San Francisco is an action-adventure racing video game and the fifth installment in the Driver series. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Driver: San Francisco San Francisco is unique from other games in the series, in that the game features licensed real-life cars. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Driver: San Francisco Ubisoft announced in its fall 2011 quarterly financial report that sales of Driver: San Francisco had exceeded their targets. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Driver: San Francisco In 2019, San Francisco was the county with the seventh-highest income in the United States, with a per capita income of $139,405. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $203.5 billion, and a GDP per capita of $230,829. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The earliest archaeological evidence of human habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the eighth-largest city in the United States at the time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco It was the O'Shaughnessy Dam, Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, and Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct that would have the largest effect on San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Beat Generation writers fueled the San Francisco Renaissance and centered on the North Beach neighborhood in the 1950s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The historic center of San Francisco is the northeast quadrant of the city anchored by Market Street and the waterfront. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco East of the Mission is the Potrero Hill neighborhood, a mostly residential neighborhood that features sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Located near the city's southern border, the Excelsior District is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco In total, 45% (342,693) of San Francisco's population spoke a language at home other than English. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco ranks third of American cities in median household income with a 2007 value of $65,519. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The 2017 Global Financial Centres Index ranked San Francisco as the sixth-most competitive financial center in the world. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco More than 25 million visitors arrived in San Francisco in 2016, adding US$9.96 billion to the economy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco has not voted more than 20% for a Republican presidential or senatorial candidate since 1988. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The 1980 San Francisco Recycling Program was one of the earliest curbside recycling programs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco's War Memorial and Performing Arts Center hosts some of the most enduring performing-arts companies in the country. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco It is the second incarnation of the historic venue that gained fame in the 1960s, housing the stage where now-famous musicians such as the Grateful Dead, Janis Joplin, Led Zeppelin and Jefferson Airplane first performed, fostering the San Francisco Sound. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Other local winners of the Regional Theatre Tony Award include the San Francisco Mime Troupe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco theaters frequently host pre-Broadway engagements and tryout runs, and some original San Francisco productions have later moved to Broadway. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco is the first city in the U.S. to have a park within a 10-Minute Walk of every resident. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco—officially known as the City and County of San Francisco—is a consolidated city-county, a status it has held since the 1856 secession of what is now San Mateo County. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The State of California uses San Francisco as the home of the state supreme court and other state agencies. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco In the United States House of Representatives, San Francisco is split between California's 12th and 14th districts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Founded in 1871, the San Francisco Art Institute is the oldest art school west of the Mississippi. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco All 4-year-old children living in San Francisco are offered universal access to preschool through the Preschool for All program. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Historically, trains operated by Southern Pacific Lines ran from San Francisco to Los Angeles, via Palo Alto and San Jose. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The Golden Gate Ferry is the other ferry operator with service between San Francisco and Marin County. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco In 2014, only 41.3% of residents commuted by driving alone or carpooling in private vehicles in San Francisco, a decline from 48.6% in 2000. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco State Route 82 enters San Francisco from the south as Mission Street, and terminates shortly thereafter at its junction with 280. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco's Vision Zero plan calls for investing in engineering, enforcement, and education, and focusing on dangerous intersections. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Cycling is a popular mode of transportation in San Francisco, with 75,000 residents commuting by bicycle each day. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco has significantly higher rates of pedestrian and bicyclist traffic deaths than the United States on average. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Since 2006, San Francisco has received a Bicycle Friendly Community status of "Gold" from the League of American Bicyclists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The San Francisco Fire Department provides both fire suppression and emergency medical services to the city. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco A total of 41 consulates general and 23 honorary consulates have offices in the San Francisco Bay Area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco USGS has released the California earthquake forecast which models earthquake occurrence in California. San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The population of African Americans in San Francisco is 6% of the city's population. The percentage of African Americans in San Francisco is similar to that of California. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in Mumbai. In May 2020, San Francisco officially sanctioned homeless encampments. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco and 7x7 are major glossy magazines about San Francisco. The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco San Francisco was an early adopter of carsharing in America. The non-profit City CarShare opened in 2001. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco The San Francisco Bay Area, popularly referred to as the Bay Area, is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bay estuaries in Northern California. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The Ohlone lived in about forty or so tribes spread throughout the lands adjacent to the San Francisco Bay and as far south as Point Sur near Monterey Bay. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area Bloomberg West, a show that focuses on topics pertaining to technology and business, was launched in 2011 from a studio in and continues to broadcast from San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The cities of San Jose and San Francisco had the third and fourth most Asian-American residents in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The African-American population of San Francisco was formerly substantial, had a thriving jazz scene and was known as "Harlem of the West. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area Several street gangs operate in the Bay Area, including the Sureños and Norteños in San Francisco's Mission District. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco is home to the region's financial industry, tourism, and is host to numerous conventions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area As of June 2014, median rent in San Francisco increased to $2,300, a 21% in one year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The three most notable universities are Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, and University of California, San Francisco, all considered among the most prestigious universities in the world. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The city of San Francisco is host to two additional University of California schools, neither of which confer undergraduate degrees. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area The largest bodies of water in the Bay Area are the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun estuaries. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area Prior to the introduction of European agricultural methods, the shores of San Francisco Bay consisted mostly of tidal marshes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area However, according to San Francisco’s Department of Public Health, the number of homeless people in San Francisco alone is 9,975. Additionally, San Francisco was revealed to have the most unsheltered homeless people in the country. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Area On January 5, 2014, San Francisco 49ers defeated Green Bay Packers 23–20. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers' final decision to move the stadium ended the San Francisco bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco 49ers The San Francisco 49ers have two different uniforms: red and gold home uniforms and white, red, and gold road uniforms. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco and Dallas faced each other in the NFC championship game three separate times. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco won the last matchup 34–3 on November 1, 2018 in Week 9. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco 49ers The mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the executive branch of the San Francisco city and county government. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mayor of San Francisco It is surrounded by a contiguous region known as the San Francisco Bay Area (often simply "the Bay Area"), and is dominated by the large cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay At the time, Drakes Bay went by the name Bahia de San Francisco and thus both bodies of water became associated with the name. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is recognized for protection by the California Bays and Estuaries Policy, with oversight provided by the San Francisco Estuary Partnership. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay This dredging enabled the arrival of the largest container ship ever to enter the San Francisco Bay, the MSC Fabiola. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay The Transbay Tube, an underwater rail tunnel, carries BART services between Oakland and San Francisco. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay A shoreline bicycle and pedestrian trail known as the San Francisco Bay Trail encircles the edge of the bay. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay It then connects to the Pacific Ocean via the Golden Gate strait. However, this entire group of interconnected bays is often called the San Francisco Bay. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay Sweeney Ridge, now marked as the place where he first sighted San Francisco Bay. Portolá and his party did not realize what they had discovered, thinking they had arrived at a large arm of what is now called Drakes Bay. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay was traversed by watercraft before the arrival of Europeans. Indigenous peoples used canoes to fish and clam along the shoreline. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Bay As a response to police harassment, S.F. bar owners formed the San Francisco Tavern Guild. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tenderloin, San Francisco The Tenderloin serves as a mecca for the art scene in San Francisco, housing the "White Walls" gallery and "Shooting Gallery". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tenderloin, San Francisco Both the movie and book were based in San Francisco's Tenderloin. There is also an alley in what is now Nob Hill, named for the book's author (Dashiell Hammett). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tenderloin, San Francisco Tamales are one of the most common dishes prepared for this day for both purposes. Pan de muerto and calaveras are associated specifically with Day of the Dead. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Day of the Dead The image was a skeleton with a big floppy hat decorated with two big feathers and multiple flowers on the top of the hat. Posada's striking image of a costumed female with a skeleton face has become associated with the Day of the Dead, and Catrina figures often are a prominent part of modern Day of the Dead observances. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Day of the Dead Green Day went on a world tour that started in North America in July 2009 and continuing around the world throughout the rest of 2009 and early 2010. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Green Day Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams, and renamed three years later the New York Giants, the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Giants Along the way, he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham (who was considering moving his team to Minnesota) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) San Francisco Giants At the time of the disaster, San Francisco had been the ninth-largest city in the United States and the largest on the West Coast, with a population of about 410,000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Due to a widespread practice by insurers to indemnify San Francisco properties from fire, but not earthquake damage, most of the destruction in the city was blamed on the fires. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Clutching an autographed photo of President Theodore Roosevelt, Caruso made an effort to get out of the city, first by boat and then by train, and vowed never to return to San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake William James, the pioneering American psychologist, was teaching at Stanford at the time of the earthquake and traveled into San Francisco to observe first-hand its aftermath. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake H. G. Wells had just arrived in New York on his first visit to America when he learned, at lunch, of the San Francisco earthquake. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Until 1906, the school faculty had provided care at the City-County Hospital (now the San Francisco General Hospital), but did not have a hospital of its own. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Over 80% of the city of San Francisco was destroyed. The events are remembered as one of the worst and deadliest earthquakes in the history of the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1906 San Francisco earthquake KSFO, FAA LID: SFO) is 13 miles (21 km) south of Downtown San Francisco, California. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport The base was called Naval Auxiliary Air Facility Mills Field and Coast Guard Air Station, San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport Japan Airlines (JAL) arrived at SFO in 1954; in 1961 it was flying Douglas DC-8s San Francisco – Honolulu – Tokyo. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport Helicopters flew from SFO to downtown heliports in San Francisco and Oakland, to a new heliport near the Berkeley Marina and to Oakland Airport (OAK). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport Also in 1962, National Airlines began flying Douglas DC-8s San Francisco – Houston Hobby Airport – New Orleans – Miami. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport Food service focuses on quick service versions of leading San Francisco Bay Area restaurants, following other SFO terminals. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport The airport is located on U.S. Route 101, 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco International Airport San Francisco (; Spanish for "Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a cultural, commercial, and financial center in Northern California. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous in California, with 881,549 residents as of 2019. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco In World War II, San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The promise of great wealth was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The influential San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association or SPUR was founded in 1910 to address the quality of housing after the earthquake. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The United Nations Charter creating the United Nations was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The onset of containerization made San Francisco's small piers obsolete, and cargo activity moved to the larger Port of Oakland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The U.S. Census Bureau estimates San Francisco's population to be 881,549 as of July 1, 2019, with a population density of 18,838/sq mi. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco San Francisco has several prominent Chinese, Mexican, and Filipino ethnic neighborhoods including Chinatown and the Mission District. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Of all major cities in the United States, San Francisco has the second-highest percentage of residents with a college degree, behind only Seattle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco San Francisco "declared itself a sanctuary city in 1989, and city officials strengthened the stance in 2013 with its 'Due Process for All' ordinance. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco According to academic Rob Wilson, San Francisco is a global city, a status that pre-dated the city's popularity during the California Gold Rush. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco As of 2019, San Francisco County was the 7th highest-income county in the United States (among 3,142), with a per capita personal income of $139,405. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Since the 1990s, San Francisco's economy has diversified away from finance and tourism towards the growing fields of high tech, biotechnology, and medical research. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Technology jobs accounted for just 1 percent of San Francisco's economy in 1990, growing to 4 percent in 2010 and an estimated 8 percent by the end of 2013. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco As of 2014, San Francisco has seen a small resurgence in manufacturing, with more than 4,000 manufacturing jobs across 500 companies, doubling since 2011. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the highest quality of living of any U.S. city. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The international character that San Francisco has enjoyed since its founding is continued today by large numbers of immigrants from Asia and Latin America. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco With 39% of its residents born overseas, San Francisco has numerous neighborhoods filled with businesses and civic institutions catering to new arrivals. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) houses 20th century and contemporary works of art. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco With an ideal climate for outdoor activities, San Francisco has ample resources and opportunities for amateur and participatory sports and recreation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The National Park Service separately administers the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park – a fleet of historic ships and waterfront property around Aquatic Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The City of San Francisco spends more per resident than any city other than Washington D.C, over $10,000 in FY 2015–2016. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The University of California, San Francisco is the sole campus of the University of California system entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Public schools are run by the San Francisco Unified School District as well as the California State Board of Education for some charter schools. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco CNN, MSNBC, BBC, Russia Today, and CCTV America also have regional news bureaus in San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The regional sports network, Comcast SportsNet Bay Area and its sister station Comcast SportsNet California, are both located in San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Amtrak California Thruway Motorcoach runs a shuttle bus from three locations in San Francisco to its station across the bay in Emeryville. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Additionally, BART offers connections to San Francisco from Amtrak's stations in Emeryville, Oakland and Richmond, and Caltrain offers connections in San Jose and Santa Clara. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Interstate 280 continues south from San Francisco, and also turns to the east along the southern edge of the city, terminating just south of the Bay Bridge in the South of Market neighborhood. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The western terminus of the historic transcontinental Lincoln Highway, the first road across America, is in San Francisco's Lincoln Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco In 2014, San Francisco committed to Vision Zero, with the goal of ending all traffic fatalities caused by motor vehicles within the city by 2024. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Geographically, Oakland Airport is approximately the same distance from downtown San Francisco as SFO, but due to its location across San Francisco Bay, it is greater driving distance from San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco When the bubble burst in 2001, many of these companies folded and their employees were laid off. Yet high technology and entrepreneurship remain mainstays of the San Francisco economy. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco San Francisco ranks third of American cities in median household income with a 2007 value of $65,519. Median family income is $81,136. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Major League Baseball's San Francisco Giants have played in San Francisco since moving from New York in 1958. The Giants play at Oracle Park, which opened in 2000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco The city employs around 27,000 workers. In the United States House of Representatives, San Francisco is split between California's 12th and 14th districts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco It contains research space and facilities to foster biotechnology and life sciences entrepreneurship and will double the size of UCSF's research enterprise. All in all, UCSF operates more than 20 facilities across San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco SF Weekly is the city's alternative weekly newspaper. San Francisco and 7x7 are major glossy magazines about San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco San Francisco-based inventors made important contributions to modern media. During the 1870s, Eadweard Muybridge began recording motion photographically and invented a zoopraxiscope with which to view his recordings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Pedestrian traffic is also widespread. In 2015, Walk Score ranked San Francisco the second-most walkable city in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Since 2009, certain practices pertaining to Valentine's Day (such as giving flowers, cards, or other gifts suggestive of Valentine's Day) are banned in Iran. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Valentine's Day A major earthquake leveled the city of San Francisco and environs in 1906, but the region quickly rebuilt in time to host the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exposition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area In 1945, the United Nations Charter was signed in San Francisco, establishing the United Nations, and in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area The San Francisco Bay itself remained undiscovered by Europeans until members of the Portolá expedition, while trekking along the California coast, encountered it in 1769 when the bay blocked their continued journey north. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area In the early morning of April 18, 1906, a large earthquake with an epicenter near the city of San Francisco hit the region. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area The organization was founded in 1976 by the Magic Theatre and American Conservatory Theater (ACT) in San Francisco and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre in Berkeley. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco's North Beach district is considered the Little Italy of the city, and was once home to a significant Italian-American community. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area In San Francisco, Chinese Americans constitute 21.4% of the population and constitute the single largest ethnic group in the city. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area A study by Capgemini indicates that in 2009, 4.5 percent of all households within the San Francisco-Oakland and San Jose metropolitan areas held $1 million in investable assets, placing the region first in the United States, just ahead of the New York City metro region. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area Vallejo came in second, at 8.7 incidents per thousand people, while San Pablo, Antioch, and San Francisco rounded out the top five. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area Despite the San Francisco Bay Area's booming industries contributing to the aforementioned economic growth, there is a significant level of poverty in the region. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area For example, from 2012 to 2017, the San Francisco metropolitan area added 400,000 new jobs, but only 60,000 new housing units. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area Within the city of San Francisco, natural and artificial topographical features direct the movement of wind and fog, resulting in startlingly varied climates between city blocks. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area Two of the largest earthquakes in recent history were the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay Area The 49ers were the first major league professional sports franchise based in San Francisco and is the 10th oldest franchise in the NFL. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers The San Francisco 49ers have three rivals within their division: the Los Angeles Rams, the Arizona Cardinals, and the Seattle Seahawks. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers After the Rams moved to St. Louis, Roger Craig stated in Tales from the San Francisco 49ers Sideline that "the Rams will always be the 49ers' biggest rival. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers The name "49ers" comes from the prospectors who arrived in Northern California in the 1849 Gold Rush. The team is legally and corporately registered as San Francisco Forty Niners. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers The NFL Top 10 ranked this rivalry to be the tenth best in NFL history. San Francisco has played Dallas in seven postseason games. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers Dallas won the first two match-ups, and San Francisco won the third. In each of these pivotal match-ups, the game's victor went on to win the Super Bowl. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers The Battle of the Bay ended tied 7–7. San Francisco won the last matchup 34–3 on November 1, 2018 in Week 9. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers This is a partial list of the 49ers' last five completed seasons. For the full season-by-season franchise results, see List of San Francisco 49ers seasons. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco 49ers The officeholder has the duty to enforce city laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mayor of San Francisco During his term, San Francisco saw the expansion of its transit system, the construction of the Civic Center and the hosting of the World's Fair. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mayor of San Francisco As of December 2020, six former San Francisco mayors are alive, the oldest being Dianne Feinstein (1978–1988; born 1933). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mayor of San Francisco Mountainous Yerba Buena Island is pierced by a tunnel linking the east and west spans of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay In 1910, the Southern Pacific railroad company built the Dumbarton Rail Bridge, the first bridge crossing San Francisco Bay. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay The San Francisco Bay Area is the American West's second-largest urban area, with approximately seven million residents. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay The salt marsh harvest mouse is an endangered species endemic to the wetlands of the San Francisco Bay with a high salt tolerance. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay It spans the Golden Gate, the strait between San Francisco and Marin County, and is the only bridge in the area not owned by the State of California. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay The Port of Oakland is one of the largest cargo ports in the United States, while the Port of Richmond and the Port of San Francisco provide smaller services. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay J.C. Barthel, who prepared "plans for the docks and other water-front improvements in the San Francisco Bay district" --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay At the time, Drakes Bay went by the name Bahia de San Francisco and thus both bodies of water became associated with the name. Eventually, the larger, more important body of water fully appropriated the name San Francisco Bay. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay This material flowed down the rivers, progressively eroding into finer and finer sediment, until it reached the bay system. Here some of it settled, eventually filling in Suisun Bay, San Pablo Bay, and San Francisco Bay, in decreasing order of severity. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Bay San Francisco City Impact's K-8 private school, the San Francisco City Academy, was the first K-8 school in the Tenderloin District; founded in 1997. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Tenderloin, San Francisco In this context, the Day of the Dead began to be officially isolated from the Catholic Church by the leftist government of Lazaro Cardenas motivated both by "indigenismo" and left-leaning anti-clericalism. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Day of the Dead Posada's striking image of a costumed female with a skeleton face has become associated with the Day of the Dead, and Catrina figures often are a prominent part of modern Day of the Dead observances. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Day of the Dead He also highlights that in the 19th century press there was little mention of the Day of the Dead in the sense that we know it today. All there was were long processions to cemeteries, sometimes ending with drunkenness. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Day of the Dead The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Giants After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland A's, they met in a fourth Series in 1989 resulting in the A's last world championship (as of 2018). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Giants Those honored have played a minimum of nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants, or five seasons with at least one All-Star selection as a Giant. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Giants KNBR's owner, Cumulus Media, is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP, the owner of the team. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) San Francisco Giants High-intensity shaking was felt from Eureka on the North Coast to the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region to the south of the San Francisco Bay Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The shaking intensity as described on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale reached XI (Extreme) in San Francisco and areas to the north like Santa Rosa where destruction was devastating. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Most of the deaths occurred in San Francisco itself, but 189 were reported elsewhere in the Bay Area; nearby cities, such as Santa Rosa and San Jose, also suffered severe damage. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In April 1906, the tenor Enrico Caruso and members of the Metropolitan Opera Company came to San Francisco to give a series of performances at the Grand Opera House. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The original California flag used in the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt at Sonoma, which at the time was being stored in a state building in San Francisco, was also destroyed in the fire. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Although the impact of the earthquake on San Francisco was the most famous, the earthquake also inflicted considerable damage on several other cities. These include San Jose and Santa Rosa, the entire downtown of which was essentially destroyed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Clutching an autographed photo of President Theodore Roosevelt, Caruso made an effort to get out of the city, first by boat and then by train, and vowed never to return to San Francisco. Caruso died in 1921, having remained true to his word. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Between 1999 and 2004 the San Francisco Airport Commission operated city-owned SFO Enterprises, Inc., to oversee its business purchases and operations of ventures. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport The new International Terminal includes the San Francisco Airport Commission Aviation Museum and Library and the Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum, as part of the SFO Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport To date over $153 million has been spent to insulate more than 15,000 homes in the neighboring cities of Daly City, Pacifica, San Bruno, and South San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport SFO Museum was created in 1980 as a collaboration between the San Francisco Airport Commission and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco and was the first museum in an international airport. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport The Aviation Museum and Library (officially, the San Francisco Airport Commission Aviation Library and Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum) is located in the International Terminal, featuring a model of a DC-3. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport The airport provides free shuttle bus service to and from the South San Francisco Ferry Terminal. These shuttle buses meet San Francisco Bay Ferry services from Alameda and Oakland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport The plane was on a trip from Tokyo to San Francisco, after making a stop in Honolulu. The pilot was experienced but misread the instruments on the DC-8, which was less than a year old. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco International Airport Following this, Tanner and his partner Tobias Jones manage to locate and arrest him in San Francisco. On the day of his trial, Jericho stages a breakout from his prison convoy, overpowering his guards and eliminating the police escort. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Driver: San Francisco San Francisco's status as the West Coast's largest city peaked between 1870 and 1900, when around 25% of California's population resided in the city proper. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, and Mexico officially ceded the territory to the United States at the end of the war in 1848. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco With their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco California was quickly granted statehood in 1850, and the U.S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate and a fort on Alcatraz Island to secure the San Francisco Bay. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Around 1901, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill, and a thriving arts scene. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco's streetcar system, of which the J, K, L, M, and N lines survive today, was pushed to completion by O'Shaughnessy between 1915 and 1927. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In ensuing years, the city solidified its standing as a financial capital; in the wake of the 1929 stock market crash, not a single San Francisco-based bank failed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco later celebrated its regained grandeur with a World's fair, the Golden Gate International Exposition in 1939–40, creating Treasure Island in the middle of the bay to house it. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco is located on the West Coast of the United States at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula and includes significant stretches of the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay within its boundaries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The South of Market, which was once San Francisco's industrial core, has seen significant redevelopment following the construction of Oracle Park and an infusion of startup companies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Among major U.S. cities, San Francisco has the coolest daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures for June, July, and August. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In 2013 (a "La Niña" year), a record low 5.59 in (142 mm) of rainfall was recorded at downtown San Francisco, where records have been kept since 1849. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco has a majority minority population, as non-Hispanic whites comprise less than half of the population, 41.9%, down from 92.5% in 1940. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco During this same time period, the San Francisco Metropolitan area received 850,000 immigrants, ranking third in the United States after Los Angeles and New York. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The city of San Francisco has been dramatically increasing its spending to service the growing population homelessness crisis: spending jumped by $241 million in 2016–17 to total $275 million, compared to a budget of just $34 million the previous year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In January 2018 a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, Leilani Farha, stated that she was "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during a visit to the city. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Global cities, such as San Francisco, are considered to be complex and require a high level of talent as well as large masses of low wage workers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco has a diversified service economy, with employment spread across a wide range of professional services, including financial services, tourism, and (increasingly) high technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In 2019, GDP in the five-county San Francisco metropolitan area grew 3.8% in real terms to $592 billion. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The legacy of the California Gold Rush turned San Francisco into the principal banking and finance center of the West Coast in the early twentieth century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Like many U.S. cities, San Francisco once had a significant manufacturing sector employing nearly 60,000 workers in 1969, but nearly all production left for cheaper locations by the 1980s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco became a hub for technological driven economic growth during the internet boom of the 1990s, and still holds an important position in the world city network today. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In 2014, San Francisco's tech employment grew nearly 90% between 2010 and 2014, beating out Silicon Valley's 30% growth rate over the same period. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In 2007, the city expanded its Medicaid and other indigent medical programs into the Healthy San Francisco program, which subsidizes certain medical services for eligible residents. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The city's large gay population has created and sustained a politically and culturally active community over many decades, developing a powerful presence in San Francisco's civic life. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco One of the most popular destinations for gay tourists internationally, the city hosts San Francisco Pride, one of the largest and oldest pride parades. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The War Memorial Opera House houses the San Francisco Opera, the second-largest opera company in North America as well as the San Francisco Ballet, while the San Francisco Symphony plays in Davies Symphony Hall. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco At the collegiate level, the San Francisco Dons compete in NCAA Division I. Bill Russell led the Dons basketball team to NCAA championships in 1955 and 1956. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Boating, sailing, windsurfing and kitesurfing are among the popular activities on San Francisco Bay, and the city maintains a yacht harbor in the Marina District. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The large park is rich with cultural and natural attractions such as the Conservatory of Flowers, Japanese Tea Garden and San Francisco Botanical Garden. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The only park managed by the California State Park system located principally in San Francisco, Candlestick Point was the state's first urban recreation area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Lee (who won two elections to remain mayor) was temporarily replaced by San Francisco Board of Supervisors President London Breed after he died on December 12, 2017. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco's largest jail complex (County Jail No. 5) is located in San Mateo County, in an unincorporated area adjacent to San Bruno. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The City College of San Francisco, with its main facility in the Ingleside district, is one of the largest two-year community colleges in the country. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The Chronicle is most famous for a former columnist, the late Herb Caen, whose daily musings attracted critical acclaim and represented the "voice of San Francisco". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco is home to online-only media publications such as SFist, and AsianWeek, which was the first and the largest English language publication focusing on Asian Americans. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 32% of San Francisco residents use public transportation for their daily commute to work, ranking it first on the West Coast and third overall in the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), a regional Rapid Transit system, connects San Francisco with the East Bay and San Jose through the underwater Transbay Tube. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency and Bay Area Air Quality Management District are responsible for the operation with management provided by Motivate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco It was the O'Shaughnessy Dam, Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, and Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct that would have the largest effect on San Francisco. An abundant water supply enabled San Francisco to develop into the city it has become today. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Over this period, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture. Beat Generation writers fueled the San Francisco Renaissance and centered on the North Beach neighborhood in the 1950s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The city's poverty rate is 12%, lower than the national average. Homelessness has been a chronic problem for San Francisco since the early 1970s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Since then, tech employment has continued to increase. In 2014, San Francisco's tech employment grew nearly 90% between 2010 and 2014, beating out Silicon Valley's 30% growth rate over the same period. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco is now widely considered the most important city in the world for new technology startups. A recent high of $7 billion in venture capital was invested in the region. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The Fillmore is a music venue located in the Western Addition. It is the second incarnation of the historic venue that gained fame in the 1960s, housing the stage where now-famous musicians such as the Grateful Dead, Janis Joplin, Led Zeppelin and Jefferson Airplane first performed, fostering the San Francisco Sound. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco has a large number of theaters and live performance venues. Local theater companies have been noted for risk taking and innovation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The Warriors' arena, Chase Center, is located in San Francisco. They have won six championships, and made five consecutive NBA Finals from 2015 to 2019, winning three of them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The Bay to Breakers footrace, held annually since 1912, is best known for colorful costumes and a celebratory community spirit. The San Francisco Marathon attracts more than 21,000 participants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Its private golf course has hosted the U.S. Open on five occasions. San Francisco hosted the 2013 America's Cup yacht racing competition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco also has had Esports teams, such as the Overwatch League's San Francisco Shock. Established in 2017, they won two back-to-back championship titles in 2019 and 2020. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco—officially known as the City and County of San Francisco—is a consolidated city-county, a status it has held since the 1856 secession of what is now San Mateo County. It is the only such consolidation in California. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The State of California uses San Francisco as the home of the state supreme court and other state agencies. Foreign governments maintain more than seventy consulates in San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The City of San Francisco spends more per resident than any city other than Washington D.C, over $10,000 in FY 2015–2016. The city employs around 27,000 workers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The regional sports network, Comcast SportsNet Bay Area and its sister station Comcast SportsNet California, are both located in San Francisco. The Pac-12 Network is also based in San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco In 2013, 25 people were killed by car and truck drivers while walking and biking in the city and 9 car drivers and passengers were killed in collisions. In 2019, 42 people were killed in traffic collisions in San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The San Francisco Fire Department provides both fire suppression and emergency medical services to the city. The city operates 22 public "pit stop" toilets. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco San Francisco participates in the Sister Cities program. A total of 41 consulates general and 23 honorary consulates have offices in the San Francisco Bay Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco The "East Bay" is the densest region of the Bay Area outside of San Francisco and includes cities and towns in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, centered around Oakland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco, in particular, was the center of the counterculture movement in the 1960s, which directly led to the rise of several notable musical acts: The Grateful Dead, which formed in 1965, and Jefferson Airplane and Janis Joplin; all three would be closely associated with the 1967 Summer of Love. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The post-grunge era in the 1990s featured prominent Bay Area bands Third Eye Blind of San Francisco, Counting Crows of Berkeley, and Smash Mouth of San Jose, and later pop punk rock bands like Green Day. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The latter two, along with the San Francisco Mime Troupe and Palo Alto-based Theatreworks, have since gone on to win one Regional Theatre Tony Award each. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is one of the wealthiest regions in the United States, due, primarily, to the economic power engines of San Jose, San Francisco, and Oakland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area In 2015, Oakland also saw the highest rates of property crime in the Bay Area, at 59.4 incidents per thousand residents, with San Francisco following close behind at 53 incidents per thousand residents. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Rising housing prices and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area are often framed as symptomatic of high-income tech workers moving in to previously low-income, underserved neighborhoods. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area As greater proportions of incomes are spent on rent, many impoverished populations in the San Francisco Bay Area also face food insecurity and health setbacks. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The first institution of higher education in the Bay Area, Santa Clara University, was founded by Jesuits in 1851, who also founded the University of San Francisco in 1855. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Other relatively well-ranked Bay Area community colleges include Foothill College, City College of San Francisco, West Valley College, Diablo Valley College, and Las Positas College. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area In addition, many Bay Area counties and the city of San Francisco operate "special service schools" that are geared towards providing education to students with handicaps or special needs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is home to a complex network of watersheds, marshes, rivers, creeks, reservoirs, and bays that predominantly drain into the San Francisco Bay and Pacific Ocean. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Government in the San Francisco Bay Area consists of multiple actors, including 101 city and nine county governments, a dozen regional agencies, and a large number of single-purpose special districts such as municipal utility districts and transit districts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Muni Metro operates a hybrid streetcar/subway system within the city of San Francisco, and VTA operates a light rail system in Santa Clara County. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area These rail systems are supplemented by numerous bus agencies and transbay ferries such as Golden Gate Ferry and the San Francisco Bay Ferry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The South Bay city of Saratoga and the North Bay city of Windsor saw the least rates of property crime. Additionally, San Francisco saw the most reports of arson. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area Additionally, San Francisco saw the most reports of arson. Several street gangs operate in the Bay Area, including the Sureños and Norteños in San Francisco's Mission District. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area As of June 2014, median rent in San Francisco increased to $2,300, a 21% in one year. In Oakland, median rent increased by one-third between 2011 and 2013. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area No approximate number of homeless people living in the Bay Area can be determined due to the difficulty of tracking homeless residents. However, according to San Francisco’s Department of Public Health, the number of homeless people in San Francisco alone is 9,975. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Area The team began play at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco before moving across town to Candlestick Park in 1971 and then to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara in 2014. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco defeated the Washington Redskins 20–13 in the divisional playoff game, but lost to the Dallas Cowboys 30–20 in the NFC championship at Candlestick Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Chicago were the three cities competing to be the U.S. Olympic Committee's choice to bid on the 2016 games, with Chicago emerging as the eventual victor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers On the 49ers website, the team's owner, businessman John York had a letter stating that after a stadium is constructed in Santa Clara, the team would retain its name "San Francisco" even though the team would no longer be located within Metro San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers In November 2018, shortly before the start of a game against the Oakland Raiders, a cheerleader for the San Francisco 49ers appeared to kneel during the US national anthem, becoming the first NFL cheerleader to do so. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers During this time the 49ers became the first NFL team to use the shotgun formation. It was named by the man who actually devised the formation, San Francisco 49ers' coach Red Hickey, in 1960. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers It was named by the man who actually devised the formation, San Francisco 49ers' coach Red Hickey, in 1960. The formation, where the quarterback lines up seven yards behind the center, was designed to allow the quarterback extra time to throw. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers After the Rams moved to St. Louis, Roger Craig stated in Tales from the San Francisco 49ers Sideline that "the Rams will always be the 49ers' biggest rival. It doesn't matter if they no longer play in Los Angeles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers The rivalry became even more intense during the 1992–1994 seasons. San Francisco and Dallas faced each other in the NFC championship game three separate times. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco and Dallas faced each other in the NFC championship game three separate times. Dallas won the first two match-ups, and San Francisco won the third. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco 49ers Smoldering multiple myeloma increases the risk of developing multiple myeloma. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Multiple myeloma Paleontological excavations have identified the locations of numerous places where E. scotti occurred. The species was named from Rock Creek, Texas, United States, where multiple skeletons were recovered. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Equus scotti The mayor of San Francisco is elected every four years; elections take place one year before United States presidential elections on election day in November. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mayor of San Francisco The Procession of the Holy Blood (Dutch: Heilig Bloedprocessie) is a large religious Catholic procession, dating back to the Middle Ages, which takes place each Ascension Day in Bruges, Belgium. In 2009, it was included in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Procession of the Holy Blood The Marina District of San Francisco, hard hit by the 1989 earthquake, was built on fill that had been placed there for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, although liquefaction did not occur on a large scale. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is thought to represent a down-warping of the Earth's crust between the San Andreas Fault to the west and the Hayward Fault to the east, though the precise nature of this remains under study. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Ayala continued to explore the Bay area and the expedition's cartographer, José de Cañizares, gathered the information necessary to produce the first map of the San Francisco Bay Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Despite its urban and industrial character, San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta remain perhaps California's most important ecological habitats. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay's profile changed dramatically in the late 19th century and again with the initiation of dredging by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the 20th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Yachting and yacht racing are popular pastimes and the San Francisco Bay Area is home to many of the world's top sailors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay The San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail is a planned system of designated trailheads designed to improve non-motorized small boat access to the bay. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is a shallow estuary in the U.S. state of California. It is surrounded by a contiguous region known as the San Francisco Bay Area (often simply "the Bay Area"), and is dominated by the large cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay However, this entire group of interconnected bays is often called the San Francisco Bay. The bay was designated a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance on February 2, 2012. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay There are five large islands in San Francisco Bay. Alameda, the largest island, was created when a shipping lane was cut to form the Port of Oakland in 1901. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Portolá and his party did not realize what they had discovered, thinking they had arrived at a large arm of what is now called Drakes Bay. At the time, Drakes Bay went by the name Bahia de San Francisco and thus both bodies of water became associated with the name. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Further dredging followed in 2011, to maintain the navigation channel. This dredging enabled the arrival of the largest container ship ever to enter the San Francisco Bay, the MSC Fabiola. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay The Dumbarton Rail Bridge is an abandoned bridge that used to carry rail traffic. The Transbay Tube, an underwater rail tunnel, carries BART services between Oakland and San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Bay Part of the western extent of the Tenderloin, Larkin and Hyde Streets between Turk and O'Farrell, was officially named "Little Saigon" by the City of San Francisco. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tenderloin, San Francisco The Tenderloin has been a downtown residential community since shortly after the California Gold Rush in 1849. However, the name "Tenderloin" does not appear on any maps of San Francisco prior to the 1930s; before then, it was labeled as "Downtown", although it was informally referred to as "the Tenderloin" as early as the 1890s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tenderloin, San Francisco The apartment where Dashiell Hammett wrote The Maltese Falcon was once in the boundaries of the Tenderloin at the corner of Hyde and Post. Both the movie and book were based in San Francisco's Tenderloin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tenderloin, San Francisco It completes the given tasks by replicating the tasks over multiple threads and running these concurrently. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Skeleton (computer programming) These skeletons are very different to the typical skeletons found above. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Skeleton (computer programming) During Day of the Dead festivities, food is both eaten by living people and given to the spirits of their departed ancestors as ofrendas ('offerings'). Tamales are one of the most common dishes prepared for this day for both purposes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Day of the Dead Pan de muerto and calaveras are associated specifically with Day of the Dead. Pan de muerto is a type of sweet roll shaped like a bun, topped with sugar, and often decorated with bone-shaped pieces of the same pastry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Day of the Dead Calaveras, or sugar skulls, display colorful designs to represent the vitality and individual personality of the departed. In addition to food, drink is also important to the tradition of Day of the Dead. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Day of the Dead In November 2000, the band performed for free on the steps on San Francisco's City Hall to protest the eviction of artists from the city in a show produced by Ian Brennan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Green Day Started in 1995 by a group of Olympia residents, the procession was originally created to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Earth Day and to support Congressional renewal of the Endangered Species Act. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Procession of the Species Undeterred by the police, the procession continued marching ahead when the police fired upon the procession. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kanaklata Barua On April 15, 1958, the Giants played their first game in San Francisco, defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers, 8–0. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Giants The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium (from 1931-1957, the stadium was the home of the PCL's San Francisco Seals) before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Giants Following a Giants home win, Tony Bennett's "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" is played in Oracle Park in celebration. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Giants Along the way, he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham (who was considering moving his team to Minnesota) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well. New York baseball fans were stunned and heartbroken by the move. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) San Francisco Giants The following information listed below is the information that was derived from skeletons. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Skeletonization Thus, this means the skeletons are proven to be entering the stage of maturation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Skeletonization Recently, using old photographs and eyewitness accounts, researchers were able to estimate the location of the hypocenter of the earthquake as offshore from San Francisco or near the city of San Juan Bautista, confirming previous estimates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Though San Francisco rebuilt quickly, the disaster diverted trade, industry, and population growth south to Los Angeles, which during the 20th century became the largest and most important urban area in the West. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Telephoning a San Francisco Police Department officer, he sent word to Mayor Eugene Schmitz of his decision to assist and then ordered federal troops from nearby Angel Island to mobilize and come into the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, more than 40,000 people were relocated to a makeshift tent city in Golden Gate Park and were treated by the faculty of the Affiliated Colleges. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In the 1960s, a seismologist at UC Berkeley proposed that the epicenter was more likely offshore of San Francisco, to the northwest of the Golden Gate. The most recent analyses support an offshore location for the epicenter, although significant uncertainty remains. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Due to a widespread practice by insurers to indemnify San Francisco properties from fire, but not earthquake damage, most of the destruction in the city was blamed on the fires. Some property owners deliberately set fire to damaged properties, to claim them on their insurance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The fire following the earthquake in San Francisco cost an estimated $350 million at the time (equivalent to $7.67 billion in 2019). The devastating quake leveled about 80% of the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The City and County of San Francisco first leased 150 acres (61 ha) at the present airport site on March 15, 1927, for what was then to be a temporary and experimental airport project. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport San Francisco held a dedication ceremony at the airfield, officially named the Mills Field Municipal Airport of San Francisco, on May 7, 1927, on the 150-acre cow pasture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport In 1961 Lufthansa had begun serving SFO with Boeing 707s flying San Francisco – Montreal Dorval Airport – Paris Orly Airport – Frankfurt three days a week. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport The United States Coast Guard operates Coast Guard Air Station San Francisco with its ramp and buildings near the cargo terminal, operating six MH-65 Dolphin helicopters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport San Francisco International Airport (IATA: SFO, ICAO: KSFO, FAA LID: SFO) is 13 miles (21 km) south of Downtown San Francisco, California. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport San Francisco purchased the property and the surrounding area expanding the site to 1,112 acres (450 ha) beginning in August 1930. The airport's name was officially changed to San Francisco Airport in 1931 upon the purchase of the land. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport Douglas DC-4s flown by British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines. Sydney – Auckland – Fiji – Kanton Island – Honolulu – San Francisco – Vancouver, BC. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport Sydney – Auckland – Fiji – Kanton Island – Honolulu – San Francisco – Vancouver, BC. The first flight left Australia on September 15, 1946. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport Food service focuses on quick service versions of leading San Francisco Bay Area restaurants, following other SFO terminals. Planners attempted to make the airport a destination in and of itself, not just for travelers passing through. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport Nippon Cargo Airlines has its San Francisco branch on the airport property. Prior to its merger that formed AirWest, Pacific Air Lines had its corporate headquarters on the grounds of the airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco International Airport A new Driver game was confirmed to be in development in 2010 and was slated for release in Ubisoft's fiscal year ending in March 2011.Ubisoft registered the domain driversanfranciscogame.com as well as driversanfrancisco.com and driversanfran.com in April 2010, suggesting that San Francisco was the setting of the new game in the series. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Driver: San Francisco Driver: San Francisco was released in September 2011 for Playstation 3, Xbox 360, Wii and PC and for Mac OS X in March 2012. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Driver: San Francisco The storyline takes place after the events of Driver and before San Francisco, and focuses on Tanner's personal vengeance against Jericho: the mini-series was written by David Lapham and illustrated by Greg Scott. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Driver: San Francisco In 2011, Ubisoft confirmed at the time that all of their future games with online functionality would require "Uplay Passport" online pass. Driver: San Francisco was the first in line to utilize this feature. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Driver: San Francisco Driver: San Francisco was the first in line to utilize this feature. However, due to misprinted codes, which left players who bought new copies of the game unable to play online, the online pass was waived for the Xbox 360 version. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Driver: San Francisco The first North American plague epidemic was the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904.At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and northern California. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Indeed, it was at the height of the Great Depression that San Francisco undertook two great civil engineering projects, simultaneously constructing the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge, completing them in 1936 and 1937, respectively. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco's tallest hill, Mount Davidson, is 928 feet (283 m) high and is capped with a 103-foot (31 m) tall cross built in 1934. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) characteristic of California's coast, with moist mild winters and dry summers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Temperatures reach or exceed 80 °F (27 °C) on an average of only 21 and 23 days a year at downtown and San Francisco International Airport (SFO), respectively. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco also has the highest percentage of same-sex households of any American county, with the Bay Area having a higher concentration than any other metropolitan area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Homelessness, historically, has been a major problem in the city and remains a growing problem in modern times.8,035 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's 2019 point-in-time street and shelter count. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The Tenderloin area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Additionally, in 2019 the 14-county San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area had a GDP of $1.086 trillion, ranking 3rd among CSAs, and ahead of all but 16 countries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco became a center of Internet start-up companies during the dot-com bubble of the 1990s and the subsequent social media boom of the late 2000s (decade). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco With a large hotel infrastructure and a world-class convention facility in the Moscone Center, San Francisco is a popular destination for annual conventions and conferences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Some of the most popular tourist attractions in San Francisco noted by the Travel Channel include the Golden Gate Bridge and Alamo Square Park, which is home to the famous "Painted Ladies". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The city's GoSolarSF incentive promotes solar installations and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is rolling out the CleanPowerSF program to sell electricity from local renewable sources. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The Folsom Street Fair (FSF) is an annual BDSM and leather subculture street fair that is held in September, capping San Francisco's "Leather Pride Week". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The San Francisco Warriors played in the NBA from 1962 to 1971, before being renamed the Golden State Warriors prior to the 1971–1972 season in an attempt to present the team as a representation of the whole state of California. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Lake Merced is a fresh-water lake surrounded by parkland and near the San Francisco Zoo, a city-owned park that houses more than 250 animal species, many of which are endangered. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco's two University of California institutions have recently formed an official affiliation in the UCSF/UC Hastings Consortium on Law, Science & Health Policy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The San Francisco Conservatory of Music, the only independent music school on the West Coast, grants degrees in orchestral instruments, chamber music, composition, and conducting. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Just under 30% of the city's school-age population attends one of San Francisco's more than 100 private or parochial schools, compared to a 10% rate nationwide. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco Bay Ferry operates from the Ferry Building and Pier 39 to points in Oakland, Alameda, Bay Farm Island, South San Francisco, and north to Vallejo in Solano County. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco To accommodate the large amount of San Francisco citizens who commute to the Silicon Valley daily, employers like Genentech, Google, and Apple have begun to provide private bus transportation for their employees, from San Francisco locations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco U.S. Route 101 connects to the western terminus of Interstate 80 and provides access to the south of the city along San Francisco Bay toward Silicon Valley. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Though located 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown in unincorporated San Mateo County, San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is under the jurisdiction of the City and County of San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Wheels, previously named Bay Area Bike Share at inception, launched in August 2013 with 700 bikes in downtown San Francisco, selected cities in the East Bay, and San Jose. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856. San Francisco's status as the West Coast's largest city peaked between 1870 and 1900, when around 25% of California's population resided in the city proper. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco In World War II, San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. It then became the birthplace of the United Nations in 1945. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The Presidio developed into the most important American military installation on the Pacific coast. By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the eighth-largest city in the United States at the time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Two recent decades have seen two booms driven by the internet industry. First was the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, startup companies invigorated the San Francisco economy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco It has become North America's first gay village, and is now the center of gay life in the city. Located near the city's southern border, the Excelsior District is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Of all major cities in the United States, San Francisco has the second-highest percentage of residents with a college degree, behind only Seattle. Over 44% of adults have a bachelor's or higher degree. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The city of San Francisco has been dramatically increasing its spending to service the growing population homelessness crisis: spending jumped by $241 million in 2016–17 to total $275 million, compared to a budget of just $34 million the previous year. In 2017–18 the budget for combatting homelessness stood at $305 million. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The tech sector's dominance in the Bay Area is internationally recognized and continues to attract new businesses and young entrepreneurs from all over the globe. San Francisco is now widely considered the most important city in the world for new technology startups. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco One of the most popular destinations for gay tourists internationally, the city hosts San Francisco Pride, one of the largest and oldest pride parades. San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously since 1972. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco It is the second incarnation of the historic venue that gained fame in the 1960s, housing the stage where now-famous musicians such as the Grateful Dead, Janis Joplin, Led Zeppelin and Jefferson Airplane first performed, fostering the San Francisco Sound. San Francisco has a large number of theaters and live performance venues. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The San Francisco Marathon attracts more than 21,000 participants. The Escape from Alcatraz triathlon has, since 1980, attracted 2,000 top professional and amateur triathletes for its annual race. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco San Francisco residents have often ranked among the fittest in the country. Golden Gate Park has miles of paved and unpaved running trails as well as a golf course and disc golf course. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco ESPN uses the local ABC studio for their broadcasting. The regional sports network, Comcast SportsNet Bay Area and its sister station Comcast SportsNet California, are both located in San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Another local broadcaster, KPOO, is an independent, African-American owned and operated noncommercial radio station established in 1971. CNET, founded 1994, and Salon.com, 1995, are based in San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The San Francisco Municipal Railway, primarily known as Muni, is the primary public transit system of San Francisco. Muni is the seventh-largest transit system in the United States, with 210,848,310 rides in 2006. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Another commuter rail system, Caltrain, runs from San Francisco along the San Francisco Peninsula to San Jose. Historically, trains operated by Southern Pacific Lines ran from San Francisco to Los Angeles, via Palo Alto and San Jose. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco The Golden Gate Ferry is the other ferry operator with service between San Francisco and Marin County. SolTrans runs supplemental bus service between the Ferry Building and Vallejo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco State Route 35 enters the city from the south as Skyline Boulevard and terminates at its intersection with Highway 1. State Route 82 enters San Francisco from the south as Mission Street, and terminates shortly thereafter at its junction with 280. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco In 2015, Walk Score ranked San Francisco the second-most walkable city in the United States. San Francisco has significantly higher rates of pedestrian and bicyclist traffic deaths than the United States on average. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Valentine's Day has only recently been celebrated as the day of love. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Valentine's Day Among locals, the nine-county Bay Area can be further divided into five sub-regions: the East Bay, North Bay, South Bay, Peninsula, and the city of San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Even so, the Bay Area's technology industry continued to expand and growth in Silicon Valley accelerated that the United States Census confirmed that year that San Jose had overtaken San Francisco in terms of population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Industrial Light & Magic, which is based in the Presidio in San Francisco, was created in 1975 to help create visual effects for the Star Wars series has since been involved with creating visual effects for over three hundred Hollywood films. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area In baseball, the Giants, who play at Oracle Park, have won eight World Series titles, three since relocating to San Francisco (2010, 2012, and 2014) from New York in 1958. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area In baseball, The San Jose Giants in the California League of Minor League Baseball (MiLB) are the Low-A affiliate of the San Francisco Giants, playing out of the San Jose Municipal Stadium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of bicycle paths, lanes and bike routes just within San Francisco, and the Embarcadero and Marina Green are favored sites for skateboarding. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco residents have often ranked among the fittest in the U.S. Boating, sailing, windsurfing and kitesurfing are among the popular activities on San Francisco Bay, and the city maintains a yacht harbor in the Marina District. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Historically, violent crime has been concentrated in a few cities in the East Bay, namely Oakland, Richmond, and Antioch, but also East Palo Alto in the Peninsula, Vallejo in the North Bay, and San Francisco. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Moreover, in 2002, then San Francisco Supervisor Gavin Newsom introduced the "Care Not Cash" initiative, diverting funds away from cash handouts (which he argued encouraged drug use) to housing. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area In the South Bay and further inland, while the winter season is cool and mild, the summer season is characterized by warm sunny days, while in San Francisco and areas closer to the Golden Gate strait, the summer season is periodically affected by fog. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area The association between the Bay Area and progressive politics has led to the term "San Francisco values" being used by conservative commentators in a pejorative sense to describe the secular progressive culture in the area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Additional damage that occurred in the wake of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake resulted in freeway segments being removed instead of being reinforced or rebuilt, leading to the revitalization of neighborhoods such as San Francisco's Embarcadero and Hayes Valley. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), a heavy rail/metro system, operates in five counties and connects San Francisco and Oakland via an underwater tube. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is home to a large number of colleges and universities. The three most notable universities are Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, and University of California, San Francisco, all considered among the most prestigious universities in the world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area The city of San Francisco is host to two additional University of California schools, neither of which confer undergraduate degrees. The University of California, San Francisco is entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area In the South Bay, the Guadalupe River drains into San Francisco Bay near Alviso. There are also several lakes present in the Bay Area, including man-made lakes like Lake Berryessa and natural albeit heavily modified lakes like Lake Merritt. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco defeated the New York Giants 44–3 in the divisional playoff game, but lost to the Dallas Cowboys 38–21 in the NFC championship at Texas Stadium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers sponsored Measure J, which appeared on the June 8, 2010, Santa Clara ballot, to build a new stadium as the future home of the San Francisco 49ers in that city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers United States Senator Dianne Feinstein and other leaders threatened an attempt to prevent the team from using "San Francisco" or the "49ers" in the team name, but probably would not have succeeded without changes to state or federal law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco wore red and gold in 1958 as well, with their white jersey having a single shoulder loop stripe, as well as adding TV numbers to the sleeves of their home and away jerseys. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers They wear the uniforms once every season, normally on Alumni Day. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers Recently, there has been much bad blood between these two teams' players; an example of this is a Twitter "battle" between Darnell Dockett of the Arizona Cardinals and Vernon Davis of the San Francisco 49ers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers The 10-year club is a shrine that honors members of the San Francisco 49ers who played 10 or more seasons with the organization, and was started by Bill Walsh to recognize players that have shown longevity, success and consistency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers The team is legally and corporately registered as San Francisco Forty Niners. The team began play at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco before moving across town to Candlestick Park in 1971 and then to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara in 2014. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers Though they won five of their next six, they lost their last three games to finish the season 5–9. Playing in San Francisco did not revive Plunkett's career as he had another disappointing season, throwing only 9 touchdown passes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers The San Francisco 49ers have two different uniforms: red and gold home uniforms and white, red, and gold road uniforms. However, the 49ers have changed uniform designs and color combinations quite often throughout their history. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco has played Dallas in seven postseason games. The Cowboys defeated the 49ers in the 1970 and 1971 NFC championship games, and again in the 1972 Divisional Playoff Game. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco 49ers The species was named from Rock Creek, Texas, United States, where multiple skeletons were recovered. A closely related fossil find was made of Equus bautistensis in California; this species appeared closely related, but of a slightly more primitive form than E. scotti. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Equus scotti The mayor of San Francisco is elected every four years; elections take place one year before United States presidential elections on election day in November. Candidates must live and be registered to vote in San Francisco at the time of the election. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mayor of San Francisco The length of his tenure as mayor was largely due to his popularity. During his term, San Francisco saw the expansion of its transit system, the construction of the Civic Center and the hosting of the World's Fair. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mayor of San Francisco In, nesting-mode and interaction-mode for skeletons are defined. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Algorithmic skeleton The Procession of the Holy Blood (Dutch: Heilig Bloedprocessie) is a large religious Catholic procession, dating back to the Middle Ages, which takes place each Ascension Day in Bruges, Belgium. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Procession of the Holy Blood In the 1990s, San Francisco International Airport proposed filling in hundreds more acres to extend its overcrowded international runways in exchange for purchasing other parts of the bay and converting them back to wetlands. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Until the last ice age, the basin which is now filled by the San Francisco Bay was a large linear valley with small hills, similar to most of the valleys of the Coast Ranges. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay Recent genetic studies show that there is a local stock from San Francisco to the Russian River and that eastern Pacific coastal populations rarely migrate far, unlike western Atlantic Harbor porpoise. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay The San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail, a growing network of launching and landing sites around the Bay for non-motorized small boat users (such as kayakers) is being developed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay It is now a state park accessible by ferry. Mountainous Yerba Buena Island is pierced by a tunnel linking the east and west spans of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay In 1910, the Southern Pacific railroad company built the Dumbarton Rail Bridge, the first bridge crossing San Francisco Bay. The first automobile crossing was the Dumbarton Bridge, completed in January 1927. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay is recognized for protection by the California Bays and Estuaries Policy, with oversight provided by the San Francisco Estuary Partnership. Most famously, the bay is a key link in the Pacific Flyway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay The salt marsh harvest mouse is an endangered species endemic to the wetlands of the San Francisco Bay with a high salt tolerance. It needs native pickleweed, which is often displaced by invasive cordgrass, for its habitat. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay This dredging enabled the arrival of the largest container ship ever to enter the San Francisco Bay, the MSC Fabiola. Bay pilots trained for the visit on a simulator at the California Maritime Academy for over a year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay However, in recent decades, ferries have returned, primarily serving commuters from Marin County, relieving the traffic bottleneck of the Golden Gate Bridge. (See article Ferries of San Francisco Bay). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay The bay also continues to serve as a major seaport. The Port of Oakland is one of the largest cargo ports in the United States, while the Port of Richmond and the Port of San Francisco provide smaller services. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Bay The area has been the scene of escalating drug violence in 2007, including brazen daylight shootings, as local gangs from San Francisco, and others from around the Bay Area battle for turf. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tenderloin, San Francisco John Macaulay Park, named after a San Francisco police officer who was killed in the adjacent alley while on duty, is a small gated playground at the corner of O'Farrell and Larkin Streets. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tenderloin, San Francisco Prior to the release of the talk show, Hunan Television launched a series of marketing campaigns to increase the show's exposure. This was done through multiple 'prequel shows' (天天向上前传 or 'Day Day Up Prequels'). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Day Day Up It is also asserted by theologians who speak of a procession from the Father through the Son or from the Father and the Son. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Filioque In addition to food, drink is also important to the tradition of Day of the Dead. Historically, the main alcoholic drink was pulque while today families will commonly drink the favorite beverage of their deceased ancestors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Day of the Dead And Green Day are as good as this stuff gets. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Green Day The Story of East Bay Punk (2017), an extensive documentary film about the San Francisco Bay area punk scene from the late 1970s to the 1990s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Green Day "Green Day not ready to rest 'Idiot'". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Green Day These were the group's first live shows in about three years. Green Day went on a world tour that started in North America in July 2009 and continuing around the world throughout the rest of 2009 and early 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Green Day The documentary premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival on March 15, 2013.Green Day served as executive producers of Turn It Around: The Story of East Bay Punk (2017), an extensive documentary film about the San Francisco Bay area punk scene from the late 1970s to the 1990s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Green Day Started in 1995 by a group of Olympia residents, the procession was originally created to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Earth Day and to support Congressional renewal of the Endangered Species Act. A virtual procession was conducted in 2020. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Procession of the Species A procession of unarmed villagers were led by Barua to do so. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kanaklata Barua Willie Mays (#24) began his career in New York, moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958; he did not play in most of 1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Giants The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco. The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) San Francisco Giants The procession took place annually without intermission until 1777. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dancing procession of Echternach The 1906 San Francisco earthquake struck the coast of Northern California at 5:12 a.m. on Wednesday, April 18, with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake An offshore epicenter is supported by the occurrence of a local tsunami recorded by a tide gauge at the San Francisco Presidio; the wave had an amplitude of approximately 3 inches (7.6 cm) and an approximate period of 40–45 minutes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The 1908 Lawson Report, a study of the 1906 quake led and edited by Professor Andrew Lawson of the University of California, showed that the same San Andreas Fault which had caused the disaster in San Francisco ran close to Los Angeles as well. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake These include San Jose and Santa Rosa, the entire downtown of which was essentially destroyed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake All residents were eligible for daily meals served from a number of communal soup kitchens and citizens as far away as Idaho and Utah were known to send daily loaves of bread to San Francisco as relief supplies were coordinated by the railroads. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In 2005 the National Film Registry added San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, April 18, 1906, a newsreel documentary made soon after the earthquake, to its list of American films worthy of preservation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake High-intensity shaking was felt from Eureka on the North Coast to the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region to the south of the San Francisco Bay Area. Devastating fires soon broke out in the city and lasted for several days. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The earthquake and fire left long-standing and significant pressures on the development of California. At the time of the disaster, San Francisco had been the ninth-largest city in the United States and the largest on the West Coast, with a population of about 410,000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Within three days, over 30 fires, caused by ruptured gas mains, destroyed approximately 25,000 buildings on 490 city blocks. Some were started when San Francisco Fire Department firefighters, untrained in the use of dynamite, attempted to demolish buildings to create firebreaks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake H. G. Wells had just arrived in New York on his first visit to America when he learned, at lunch, of the San Francisco earthquake. What struck him about the reaction of those around him was that "it does not seem to have affected any one with a sense of final destruction, with any foreboding of irreparable disaster. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The earthquake was crucial in the development of the University of California, San Francisco and its medical facilities. Until 1906, the school faculty had provided care at the City-County Hospital (now the San Francisco General Hospital), but did not have a hospital of its own. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Pacific used the 727 to introduce the first jet service from San Francisco to several cities in California including Bakersfield, Eureka/Arcata, Fresno, Lake Tahoe, Monterey and Santa Barbara. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The San Francisco International Airport (SFO) BART station, located in Parking Garage G of the International Terminal, is the only direct rail link between the airport, the city of San Francisco, and the general Bay Area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport San Mateo County's transit agency has with six lines SFO, 140, 292, 397, 398, and 399, connecting the Airport with Downtown San Francisco, the Peninsula, and as far south as Palo Alto. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport SFO is the largest airport in the San Francisco Bay Area and the second busiest in California, after LAX. In 2017 it was the seventh-busiest airport in the United States and the 24th-busiest in the world by passenger count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The airport is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco, although it is outside of San Francisco in unincorporated San Mateo County. Between 1999 and 2004 the San Francisco Airport Commission operated city-owned SFO Enterprises, Inc., to oversee its business purchases and operations of ventures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport During World War II the airport was used as a Coast Guard base and Army Air Corps training and staging base. The base was called Naval Auxiliary Air Facility Mills Field and Coast Guard Air Station, San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport By 1961 BOAC had replaced the Britannias with Boeing 707s that didn't need the fuel stop at the Wake Island Airfield. Japan Airlines (JAL) arrived at SFO in 1954; in 1961 it was flying Douglas DC-8s San Francisco – Honolulu – Tokyo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport United then constructed a large maintenance facility at San Francisco for its new Douglas DC-8s, which were also flying nonstop to New York. In July 1959 the first jetway bridge was installed at SFO, one of the first in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The program made use of a noise computer model to predict improvement in specific residential interiors for a variety of noise control strategies. This pilot program was conducted for a neighborhood in South San Francisco and success was achieved in all of the homes analyzed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport This pilot program was conducted for a neighborhood in South San Francisco and success was achieved in all of the homes analyzed. The costs turned out to be modest, and the post-construction interior sound level tests confirmed the predictions for noise abatement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The Aviation Museum and Library (officially, the San Francisco Airport Commission Aviation Library and Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum) is located in the International Terminal, featuring a model of a DC-3. Other prominent installations include works by: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The airport is located on U.S. Route 101, 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown San Francisco. It is near the US 101 interchange with Interstate 380, a short freeway that connects US 101 with Interstate 280. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco International Airport The game sees players traversing a fictional version of San Francisco and the Bay area conducting missions through the use of licensed real-world cars, with the ability to shift into any car in the game's setting in most platform editions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Driver: San Francisco A mini-comic series was released which provides plot details of the events between Driv3r and San Francisco, with the game receiving a collector's edition that includes additional multiplayer vehicles and single-player events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Driver: San Francisco The game's setting focuses on a fictionalized version of San Francisco, and surrounding regions of Marin County and Oakland, recreating the geography, generalized layout of the city, and notable landmarks including the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge and Golden Gate Bridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Driver: San Francisco After he and FBI agent John Tanner undergo successful surgery, criminal Charles Jericho escapes from a Turkish hospital and flees back to the United States. Following this, Tanner and his partner Tobias Jones manage to locate and arrest him in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Driver: San Francisco San Francisco is part of the 12th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States by population, with 4.7 million people, and the fourth-largest by economic output, with GDP of $592 billion in 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The CSA San Francisco shares with San Jose and Oakland, with a GDP of $1.09 trillion as of 2019, is the country's third-largest urban economy, following New York City and Los Angeles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The following year, on March 28, 1776, the Spanish established the Presidio of San Francisco, followed by a mission, Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores), established by the Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Rejecting calls to completely remake the street grid, San Franciscans opted for speed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco City Hall rose again in splendid Beaux Arts style, and the city celebrated its rebirth at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in 1915.It was during this period San Francisco built some of its most important infrastructure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The suburbs experienced rapid growth, and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco By the mid-2000s (decade), the social media boom had begun, with San Francisco becoming a popular location for tech offices and a common place to live for people employed in Silicon Valley companies such as Apple and Google. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The San Andreas Fault caused the earthquakes in 1906 and 1989. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco forms part of the five-county San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, a region of 4.7 million people, and has served as its traditional demographic focal point. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco It is also part of the greater 14-county San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area, whose population is over 9.6 million, making it the fifth-largest in the United States as of 2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco As of the 2010 census, the ethnic makeup and population of San Francisco included: 390,387 Whites (48%), 267,915 Asians (33%), 48,870 African Americans (6%), and others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Research collected on the immigrant clusters in the city show that more than half of the Asian population in San Francisco is either Chinese-born (40.3%) or Philippine-born (13.1%), and of the Mexican population 21% were Mexican-born, meaning these are people who recently immigrated to the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco African-American street gangs familiar in other cities, including the Bloods, Crips and their sets, have struggled to establish footholds in San Francisco, while police and prosecutors have been accused of liberally labeling young African-American males as gang members. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bank of America, a pioneer in making banking services accessible to the middle class, was founded in San Francisco and in the 1960s, built the landmark modern skyscraper at 555 California Street for its corporate headquarters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Since 2010, San Francisco proper has attracted an increasing share of venture capital investments as compared to nearby Silicon Valley, attracting 423 financings worth US$4.58 billion in 2013. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2004, the city approved a payroll tax exemption for biotechnology companies to foster growth in the Mission Bay neighborhood, site of a second campus and hospital of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In the second technological boom driven by social media in the mid 2000s, San Francisco became a location for companies such as Apple, Google, Facebook and Twitter to base their tech offices and for their employees to live. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Although the Financial District, Union Square, and Fisherman's Wharf are well known around the world, San Francisco is also characterized by its numerous culturally rich streetscapes featuring mixed-use neighborhoods anchored around central commercial corridors to which residents and visitors alike can walk. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Since the 1990s, the demand for skilled information technology workers from local startups and nearby Silicon Valley has attracted white-collar workers from all over the world and created a high standard of living in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco With the arrival of the "beat" writers and artists of the 1950s and societal changes culminating in the Summer of Love in the Haight-Ashbury district during the 1960s, San Francisco became a center of liberal activism and of the counterculture that arose at that time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Starting with the founding of the Sierra Club in 1892 to the establishment of the non-profit Friends of the Urban Forest in 1981, San Francisco has been at the forefront of many global discussions regarding the environment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Survey data released in 2015 by Gallup place the proportion of the San Francisco metro area at 6.2%, which is the highest such proportion observed of the 50 most populous metropolitan areas as measured by the polling organization. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Founded in 1855, the University of San Francisco, a private Jesuit university located on Lone Mountain, is the oldest institution of higher education in San Francisco and one of the oldest universities established west of the Mississippi River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Lowell High School, the oldest public high school in the U.S. west of the Mississippi, and the smaller School of the Arts High School are two of San Francisco's magnet schools at the secondary level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco has nearly 300 preschool programs primarily operated by Head Start, San Francisco Unified School District, private for-profit, private non-profit and family child care providers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The San Francisco Examiner, once the cornerstone of William Randolph Hearst's media empire and the home of Ambrose Bierce, declined in circulation over the years and now takes the form of a free daily tabloid, under new ownership. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The line runs under Market Street to Civic Center where it turns south to the Mission District, the southern part of the city, and through northern San Mateo County, to the San Francisco International Airport, and Millbrae. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco State Route 1 also enters San Francisco from the north via the Golden Gate Bridge and bisects the city as the 19th Avenue arterial thoroughfare, joining with Interstate 280 at the city's southern border. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco With San Jose, it forms the fifth most populous combined statistical area in the United States, with 9.67 million residents as of 2019. Colloquial nicknames for San Francisco include SF, San Fran, The City, and Frisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Colloquial nicknames for San Francisco include SF, San Fran, The City, and Frisco. In 2019, San Francisco was the county with the seventh-highest income in the United States, with a per capita income of $139,405. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2019, San Francisco was the county with the seventh-highest income in the United States, with a per capita income of $139,405. In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $203.5 billion, and a GDP per capita of $230,829. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850, and the U.S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate and a fort on Alcatraz Island to secure the San Francisco Bay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Amadeo Giannini's Bank of Italy, later to become Bank of America, provided loans for many of those whose livelihoods had been devastated. The influential San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association or SPUR was founded in 1910 to address the quality of housing after the earthquake. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The onset of containerization made San Francisco's small piers obsolete, and cargo activity moved to the larger Port of Oakland. The city began to lose industrial jobs and turned to tourism as the most important segment of its economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Beat Generation writers fueled the San Francisco Renaissance and centered on the North Beach neighborhood in the 1950s. Hippies flocked to Haight-Ashbury in the 1960s, reaching a peak with the 1967 Summer of Love. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. Entire neighborhoods such as the Marina, Mission Bay, and Hunters Point, as well as large sections of the Embarcadero, sit on areas of landfill. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The historic center of San Francisco is the northeast quadrant of the city anchored by Market Street and the waterfront. It is here that the Financial District is centered, with Union Square, the principal shopping and hotel district, and the Tenderloin nearby. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco East of the Mission is the Potrero Hill neighborhood, a mostly residential neighborhood that features sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. West of the Mission, the area historically known as Eureka Valley, now popularly called the Castro, was once a working-class Scandinavian and Irish area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The percentage of African Americans in San Francisco is similar to that of California. The majority of the city's black population reside within the neighborhoods of Bayview-Hunters Point, Visitacion Valley, and in the Fillmore District. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Competition for these opportunities pushes growth and adaptation in world centers. San Francisco has a diversified service economy, with employment spread across a wide range of professional services, including financial services, tourism, and (increasingly) high technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco As of 2014, San Francisco has seen a small resurgence in manufacturing, with more than 4,000 manufacturing jobs across 500 companies, doubling since 2011. The city's largest manufacturing employer is Anchor Brewing Company, and the largest by revenue is Timbuk2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In the second technological boom driven by social media in the mid 2000s, San Francisco became a location for companies such as Apple, Google, Facebook and Twitter to base their tech offices and for their employees to live. Since then, tech employment has continued to increase. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2016, it attracted the fifth-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States. More than 25 million visitors arrived in San Francisco in 2016, adding US$9.96 billion to the economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Tourists also visit Pier 39, which offers dining, shopping, entertainment, and views of the bay, sun-bathing seals, and the famous Alcatraz Island. San Francisco also offers tourists cultural and unique nightlife in its neighborhoods. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco also offers tourists cultural and unique nightlife in its neighborhoods. The new Terminal Project at Pier 27 opened September 25, 2014, as a replacement for the old Pier 35. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The new Terminal Project at Pier 27 opened September 25, 2014, as a replacement for the old Pier 35. Itineraries from San Francisco usually include round-trip cruises to Alaska and Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2007, the city expanded its Medicaid and other indigent medical programs into the Healthy San Francisco program, which subsidizes certain medical services for eligible residents. San Francisco also has had a very active environmental community. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The San Francisco Warriors played in the NBA from 1962 to 1971, before being renamed the Golden State Warriors prior to the 1971–1972 season in an attempt to present the team as a representation of the whole state of California. The Warriors' arena, Chase Center, is located in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco At the collegiate level, the San Francisco Dons compete in NCAA Division I. Bill Russell led the Dons basketball team to NCAA championships in 1955 and 1956. There is also the San Francisco State Gators, who compete in NCAA Division II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco There is also the San Francisco State Gators, who compete in NCAA Division II. Oracle Park hosted the annual Fight Hunger Bowl college football game from 2002 through 2013 before it moved to Santa Clara. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco hosted the 2013 America's Cup yacht racing competition. With an ideal climate for outdoor activities, San Francisco has ample resources and opportunities for amateur and participatory sports and recreation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The GGNRA also administers Fort Funston, Lands End, Fort Mason, and Alcatraz. The National Park Service separately administers the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park – a fleet of historic ships and waterfront property around Aquatic Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco There are more than 220 parks maintained by the San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department. The largest and best-known city park is Golden Gate Park, which stretches from the center of the city west to the Pacific Ocean. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Because of its unique city-county status, the local government is able to exercise jurisdiction over certain property outside city limits. San Francisco International Airport, though located in San Mateo County, is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco International Airport, though located in San Mateo County, is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco's largest jail complex (County Jail No. 5) is located in San Mateo County, in an unincorporated area adjacent to San Bruno. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Foreign governments maintain more than seventy consulates in San Francisco. The municipal budget for fiscal year 2015–16 was $8.99 billion, and is one of the largest city budgets in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco State University is part of the California State University system and is located near Lake Merced. The school has approximately 30,000 students and awards undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees in more than 100 disciplines. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco With an enrollment of 13,000 students, the Academy of Art University is the largest institute of art and design in the nation. Founded in 1871, the San Francisco Art Institute is the oldest art school west of the Mississippi. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Founded in 1871, the San Francisco Art Institute is the oldest art school west of the Mississippi. The California College of the Arts, located north of Potrero Hill, has programs in architecture, fine arts, design, and writing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Just under 30% of the city's school-age population attends one of San Francisco's more than 100 private or parochial schools, compared to a 10% rate nationwide. Nearly 40 of those schools are Catholic schools managed by the Archdiocese of San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The major daily newspaper in San Francisco is the San Francisco Chronicle, which is currently Northern California's most widely circulated newspaper. The Chronicle is most famous for a former columnist, the late Herb Caen, whose daily musings attracted critical acclaim and represented the "voice of San Francisco". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. San Francisco is home to online-only media publications such as SFist, and AsianWeek, which was the first and the largest English language publication focusing on Asian Americans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The San Francisco Bay Area is the sixth-largest television market and the fourth-largest radio market in the U.S. The city's oldest radio station, KCBS, began as an experimental station in San Jose in 1909, before the beginning of commercial broadcasting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco All major U.S. television networks have affiliates serving the region, with most of them based in the city. CNN, MSNBC, BBC, Russia Today, and CCTV America also have regional news bureaus in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Transit is the most used form of transportation every day in San Francisco. Every weekday, more than 560,000 people travel on Muni's 69 bus routes and more than 140,000 customers ride the Muni Metro light rail system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Additionally, BART offers connections to San Francisco from Amtrak's stations in Emeryville, Oakland and Richmond, and Caltrain offers connections in San Jose and Santa Clara. Thruway service also runs south to San Luis Obispo with connection to the Pacific Surfliner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2014, only 41.3% of residents commuted by driving alone or carpooling in private vehicles in San Francisco, a decline from 48.6% in 2000. There are 1,088 miles of streets in San Francisco with 946 miles of these streets being surface streets, and 59 miles of freeways. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco State Route 82 enters San Francisco from the south as Mission Street, and terminates shortly thereafter at its junction with 280. The western terminus of the historic transcontinental Lincoln Highway, the first road across America, is in San Francisco's Lincoln Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco In 2014, San Francisco committed to Vision Zero, with the goal of ending all traffic fatalities caused by motor vehicles within the city by 2024. San Francisco's Vision Zero plan calls for investing in engineering, enforcement, and education, and focusing on dangerous intersections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco San Francisco's Vision Zero plan calls for investing in engineering, enforcement, and education, and focusing on dangerous intersections. In 2013, 25 people were killed by car and truck drivers while walking and biking in the city and 9 car drivers and passengers were killed in collisions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Though located 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown in unincorporated San Mateo County, San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is under the jurisdiction of the City and County of San Francisco. SFO is a hub for United Airlines and Alaska Airlines. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Located across the bay, Oakland International Airport is a popular, low-cost alternative to SFO. Geographically, Oakland Airport is approximately the same distance from downtown San Francisco as SFO, but due to its location across San Francisco Bay, it is greater driving distance from San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco As of 2019, 2.6% of the city's streets have protected bike lanes, with 28 miles of protected bike lanes in the city. Since 2006, San Francisco has received a Bicycle Friendly Community status of "Gold" from the League of American Bicyclists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco The San Francisco Police Department was founded in 1849. The portions of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area located within the city, including the Presidio and Ocean Beach, are patrolled by the United States Park Police. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Valentine's Day, also called Saint Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is celebrated annually on February 14. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Readers have uncritically assumed that Chaucer was referring to February 14 as Valentine's Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Valentine's Day is considered by some to be a Hallmark holiday due to its commercialization. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day In Guatemala it is known as Día del Cariño ('Affection Day'). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Valentine's Day celebrations did not catch on in India until around 1992. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Despite these obstacles, Valentine's Day is becoming increasingly popular in India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Specialists in the country say that banning Valentine's Day would encourage the youth more towards it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day It has been progressively forgotten in favor of the Western celebration of Valentine's Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Men give gifts to women on Valentine's Day, and women return them on White Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day In Finland, Valentine's Day is called ystävänpäivä, which means "Friend's Day". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day In recent years, Romania has also started celebrating Valentine's Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Protestors holding boards saying “Muslims say no to Happy Valentine’s Day” held rallies in four cities in Indonesia. Since 2009, certain practices pertaining to Valentine's Day (such as giving flowers, cards, or other gifts suggestive of Valentine's Day) are banned in Iran. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day Since 2009, certain practices pertaining to Valentine's Day (such as giving flowers, cards, or other gifts suggestive of Valentine's Day) are banned in Iran. Law Enforcement Force fight with distributors of goods with symbols associated with Valentine's Day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Valentine's Day That same year, the Mexican–American War began, and American captain John Berrien Montgomery sailed the USS Portsmouth into the bay and seized San Francisco, which was then known as Yerba Buena, and raised the American flag for the first time over Portsmouth Square. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad from the Oakland Long Wharf attracted so many laborers from China that by 1870, eight percent of San Francisco's population was of Asian origin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Immediate casualty estimates by the U.S. Army's relief operations were 498 deaths in San Francisco, 64 deaths in Santa Rosa, and 102 in or near San Jose, for a total of about 700. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area After the war, the United Nations was chartered in San Francisco to help prevent the kind of devastation that occurred over the past decade, and in September 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco to re-establish peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers was signed in San Francisco, entering into force a year later. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Between 1950 and 1960, San Francisco welcomed over 100,000 new residents, inland suburbs in the East Bay saw their populations double, Daly City's population quadrupled, and Santa Clara's population quintupled. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area It is associated with the works of Clyfford Still, who began teaching at the California School of Fine Arts (now the San Francisco Art Institute) in 1946, leaving a lasting impact on the artistic styles of Bay Area painters up to the present day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is also home to hundreds of classical music ensembles, from community choirs to professional orchestras, such as the San Francisco Symphony, California Symphony, Fremont Symphony Orchestra, Oakland Symphony and the San Francisco Chamber Orchestra. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Mexican Americans make up the largest share of Hispanic residents in Napa county, while Central Americans make up the largest share in San Francisco, many of whom live in the Mission District which is home to many residents of Salvadoran and Guatemalan descent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Along the San Francisco peninsula, gaps in the Santa Cruz Mountains, one south of San Bruno Mountain and another in Crystal Springs, allow oceanic weather into the interior and causing a cooling effect for cities along the Peninsula and even as far south as San Jose. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The Central California Coast coho salmon population is the most endangered of the many troubled salmon populations on the west coast of the United States, including populations residing in tributaries to the San Francisco Bay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area This early fur trade, known as the California Fur Rush, was more than any other single factor, responsible for opening up the West and the San Francisco Bay Area, in particular, to world trade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The North American river otter which was first reported in Redwood Creek at Muir Beach in 1996, has since been spotted in the North Bay's Corte Madera Creek, the South Bay's Coyote Creek, as well as in 2010 in San Francisco Bay itself at the Richmond Marina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area In 1927, zoologist Joseph Grinnell wrote that osprey were only rare visitors to the San Francisco Bay Area, although he noted records of one or two used nests in the broken tops of redwood trees along the Russian River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area is reliant on a complex multimodal infrastructure consisting of roads, bridges, highways, rail, tunnels, airports, ferries, and bike and pedestrian paths. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The development, maintenance, and operation of these different modes of transportation are overseen by various agencies, including the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Other commuter rail systems link San Francisco with the Peninsula and San Jose (Caltrain), San Jose with the Tri-Valley Area and San Joaquin County (ACE), and Sonoma with Marin County (SMART). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area In November 1595, a Spanish exploration party led by Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho also landed at Drakes Bay and claimed the region for Spain's King Philip II as Puerto y Bahía de San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Spain's King Philip II as Puerto y Bahía de San Francisco. The San Francisco Bay itself remained undiscovered by Europeans until members of the Portolá expedition, while trekking along the California coast, encountered it in 1769 when the bay blocked their continued journey north. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The San Francisco Bay itself remained undiscovered by Europeans until members of the Portolá expedition, while trekking along the California coast, encountered it in 1769 when the bay blocked their continued journey north. In 1806, a Spanish expedition led by Gabriel Moraga began at the Presidio, traveled south of the bay, and then east to explore the San Joaquin Valley. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The rush was so great that vessels were abandoned by the hundreds in San Francisco's ports as crews rushed to the goldfields. The unprecedented influx of new arrivals spread the nascent government authorities thin, and the military was unable to prevent desertions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The San Francisco Bay Area is the eighth-largest television market and the fourth-largest radio market in the U.S. The Bay Area's oldest radio station, KCBS (AM), began as an experimental station in San Jose in 1909, before the beginning of commercial broadcasting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Most of the Bay Area's local regions and municipalities also have their own newspapers, such as the East Bay Times and San Mateo Daily Journal. The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco's North Beach district is considered the Little Italy of the city, and was once home to a significant Italian-American community. San Francisco, Marin County and the Lamorinda area all have substantial Jewish communities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Among the wealthy, there are forty-seven Bay Area residents made the Forbes magazine's 400 richest Americans list, published in 2007. Thirteen lived in San Francisco proper, placing it seventh among cities in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Thirteen lived in San Francisco proper, placing it seventh among cities in the world. Among the forty-seven were several well-known names such as Steve Jobs, George Lucas, and Charles Schwab. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The wealthiest resident was Larry Ellison of Oracle, worth $25 billion. A study by Capgemini indicates that in 2009, 4.5 percent of all households within the San Francisco-Oakland and San Jose metropolitan areas held $1 million in investable assets, placing the region first in the United States, just ahead of the New York City metro region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The three principal cities of the Bay Area represent different employment clusters and are dominated by different, but commingled, industries. San Francisco is home to the region's financial industry, tourism, and is host to numerous conventions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Additionally, San Jose State University and Sonoma State University were respectively ranked sixth and tenth among public colleges in the West Coast. The city of San Francisco is host to two additional University of California schools, neither of which confer undergraduate degrees. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The University of California, San Francisco is entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. It is ranked among the top five medical schools in the United States and operates the UCSF Medical Center, which is the highest-ranked hospital in California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area The city is also host to a California State University school, San Francisco State University. Additional campuses of the California State University system in the Bay Area are Cal State East Bay in Hayward and Cal Maritime in Vallejo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area Other relatively well-ranked Bay Area community colleges include Foothill College, City College of San Francisco, West Valley College, Diablo Valley College, and Las Positas College. Many scholars have pointed out the overlap of education and the economy within the Bay Area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay Area If Day was an elaborate campaign to promote the purchase of Victory Bonds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) If Day If Day was successful enough to spark imitations in other communities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) If Day The team plays its home games at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California, located 38 miles (61 km) southeast of San Francisco in the heart of Silicon Valley. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers' only defeat in the 1984 season was a 20–17 loss to the Steelers; a late field goal attempt in that game by San Francisco kicker Ray Wersching went off the uprights and was no good. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers On November 8, 2006, reports surfaced that the 49ers ended negotiations with the city of San Francisco about building a new stadium and plan to do so in Santa Clara, a suburb of San Jose; Santa Clara already hosts the team's administrative headquarters and training facility. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The Yorks and then-San Francisco mayor Gavin Newsom had been talking over the last few months about building a privately financed stadium at Candlestick Point that was intended to be part of the city's bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers Groundbreaking for the new stadium took place on April 19, 2012.On May 8, 2013, the NFL's San Francisco 49ers announced that San Francisco-based Levi Strauss & Co. had purchased the naming rights to their new stadium in Santa Clara. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers After two weeks of rumors around Alabama QB Mac Jones the 49ers number 1 choice, the San Francisco 49ers chose QB Trey Lance from North Dakota State University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team based in the San Francisco Bay Area. They compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) West division. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The team plays its home games at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California, located 38 miles (61 km) southeast of San Francisco in the heart of Silicon Valley. Since 1988, the 49ers have been headquartered in Santa Clara. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers were the first major league professional sports franchise based in San Francisco and is the 10th oldest franchise in the NFL. The name "49ers" comes from the prospectors who arrived in Northern California in the 1849 Gold Rush. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers finished 12–4 in the 2013 regular season and enter the playoffs as a wildcard, with their first game at Lambeau Field against the Green Bay Packers. On January 5, 2014, San Francisco 49ers defeated Green Bay Packers 23–20. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers On January 5, 2014, San Francisco 49ers defeated Green Bay Packers 23–20. On January 12, 2014, the 49ers defeated the Carolina Panthers 23–10, thus advancing to their third straight NFC championship game. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers Started in the early 1980s, the first squad consisted of 14 dancers. In November 2018, shortly before the start of a game against the Oakland Raiders, a cheerleader for the San Francisco 49ers appeared to kneel during the US national anthem, becoming the first NFL cheerleader to do so. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The Raiders notably upset the defending Super Bowl champion 49ers in San Francisco in 1982, winning 23–17. Since the two teams play in different conferences, regular-season matchups are at least every four years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco 49ers The CRAB criteria encompass the most common signs of multiple myeloma: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma In multiple myeloma, staging helps with prognostication but does not guide treatment decisions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma The risk of multiple myeloma can be reduced slightly by maintaining a normal body weight. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma This stage is referred to as relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma Stem cell transplant can be used to treat multiple myeloma. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma Complications may include amyloidosis. The cause of multiple myeloma is unknown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Multiple myeloma The Vampire's Assistant, released in the US on 23 October 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Darren O'Shaughnessy Ayuamarca was re-released in March 2008 under the title Procession of the Dead and the pen-name D.B. Shan. Hell's Horizon followed in March 2009, and the third in the trilogy, City of the Snakes in March 2010 (but this time under the name of Darren Shan). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Darren O'Shaughnessy However, in March 2008, Ayuamarca was re-published as Procession of the Dead (with substantial changes) by the Voyager imprint of HarperCollins (O'Shaughnessy's children's publisher). Hell's Horizon was released in March 2009 and City of the Snakes was released in March 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Darren O'Shaughnessy First published in the United Kingdom in February 2000. Re-released in March 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Darren O'Shaughnessy Breed served out the remainder of Lee's uncompleted term (until January 8, 2020), after which she is eligible to run for two full terms of her own including the 2019 San Francisco mayoral election which she won. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco Nine city public employees earned higher salaries than the mayor, including the chief investment officer and the managing director of the San Francisco Employees' Retirement System, who oversee the city's pension plan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco The mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the executive branch of the San Francisco city and county government. The officeholder has the duty to enforce city laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco The officeholder has the duty to enforce city laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch. The mayor serves a four-year term and is limited to two successive terms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco To date, 44 individuals have served as San Francisco mayor. There have been 44 mayoralties due to Charles James Brenham's serving two non-consecutive terms: he is counted chronologically as both the second and fourth mayor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco During his term, San Francisco saw the expansion of its transit system, the construction of the Civic Center and the hosting of the World's Fair. The shortest term was that of Charles Boxton, who served only eight days before resigning from office. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco As of December 2020, six former San Francisco mayors are alive, the oldest being Dianne Feinstein (1978–1988; born 1933). The most recent mayor to die is Ed Lee, on December 12, 2017 (while still in office). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mayor of San Francisco Starting from a basic set of patterns (skeletons), more complex patterns can be built by combining the basic ones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton Eden is not a skeleton language in the sense that skeletons are not provided as language constructs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton Both of them provide nestable skeletons to the programmer as Java libraries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton The skeletons are provided as a C++ library and are not nestable but type safe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton C++ templates are used to render skeletons polymorphic, but no type system is enforced. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton With the EPAS tool, new skeletons can be added to PAS. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton Inside the programming language, skeletons have been provided either as language constructs or libraries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Algorithmic skeleton Water from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, and from the Sierra Nevada mountains, flow into Suisun Bay, which then travels through the Carquinez Strait to meet with the Napa River at the entrance to San Pablo Bay, which connects at its south end to San Francisco Bay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay The first European to see San Francisco Bay is likely N. de Morena who was left at New Albion at Drakes Bay in Marin County, California by Sir Francis Drake in 1579 and then walked to Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay During the California Gold Rush (1848–1855), San Francisco Bay suddenly became one of the world's great seaports, dominating shipping in the American West until the last years of the 19th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay More crossings were later constructed – the Carquinez Bridge in May 1927, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge in 1936, the Golden Gate Bridge in 1937, the Richmond–San Rafael Bridge in 1956, and the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge in 1967. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay In the decades surrounding 1900, at the behest of local political officials and following Congressional orders, the U.S. Army Corps began dredging the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and the deep channels of San Francisco Bay. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in the San Francisco Bay based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in local species. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay In the 1990s, San Francisco International Airport proposed filling in hundreds more acres to extend its overcrowded international runways in exchange for purchasing other parts of the bay and converting them back to wetlands. The idea was, and remains, controversial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Bay The Tenderloin is a neighborhood in downtown San Francisco, in the flatlands on the southern slope of Nob Hill, situated between the Union Square shopping district to the northeast and the Civic Center office district to the southwest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco Alternative theaters in the Tenderloin include EXIT Theatre, which operates four storefront theaters and produces the San Francisco Fringe Festival, the New Conservatory Theater, the Phoenix Theater, CounterPulse, PianoFight, the New Music Center and others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco Seven of the top 10 violent crime plots (out of 665 in the entire city as measured by the San Francisco Police Department) are adjacent plots in the Tenderloin and Sixth and Market area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco However, the name "Tenderloin" does not appear on any maps of San Francisco prior to the 1930s; before then, it was labeled as "Downtown", although it was informally referred to as "the Tenderloin" as early as the 1890s. The area had an active nightlife in the late 19th century with many theaters, restaurants and hotels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco Violent acts occur more often here and are generally related to drugs. The area has been the scene of escalating drug violence in 2007, including brazen daylight shootings, as local gangs from San Francisco, and others from around the Bay Area battle for turf. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco San Francisco City Impact's K-8 private school, the San Francisco City Academy, was the first K-8 school in the Tenderloin District; founded in 1997. These all provide meals and other social services to poor and homeless residents and others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tenderloin, San Francisco This was done through multiple 'prequel shows' (天天向上前传 or 'Day Day Up Prequels'). Starting from 8 August 2008, daily broadcasts of the show were shown to familiarise audience members with the format of the show and to raise interest towards the show's topics of discussion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Day Day Up Independence Day is the national day of the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independence Day (United States) In 1938, Congress changed Independence Day to a paid federal holiday. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independence Day (United States) Independence Day is a national holiday marked by patriotic displays. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Independence Day (United States) The Nightmarchers of Hawaiian mythology are also considered to be a version of the "procession of the dead". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Procession of the dead Program skeletons are also sometimes used for high-level descriptions of algorithms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skeleton (computer programming) Parallel programming is the operation of multiple functions simultaneously most commonly used to increase efficiency. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skeleton (computer programming) The methods and programs that are part of the skeletons are included as terminating aspects of the program, before closing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skeleton (computer programming) There are two main types of these skeletons, ‘divide and conquer’ or ‘brand and bound’. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Skeleton (computer programming) He maintained that the eternal procession of the Holy Spirit is "from the Father alone". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filioque It also holds that the procession of the Holy Spirit can be expressed as "from the Father through the Son". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filioque The monarchy of the Father is a doctrine upheld not only by those who, like Photius, speak of a procession from the Father alone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filioque This could not be added to the Creed where 'procession' means 'cause' of existence of the Holy Spirit." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Filioque The Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos or Día de los Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated in Mexico and elsewhere associated with the Catholic celebrations of All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day, and is held on November 1 and 2. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Day of the Dead The traditions and activities that take place in celebration of the Day of the Dead are not universal, often varying from town to town. For example, in the town of Pátzcuaro on the Lago de Pátzcuaro in Michoacán, the tradition is very different if the deceased is a child rather than an adult. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Day of the Dead During the Spike TV Video Game Awards 2009, it was announced that Green Day was set to have its own Rock Band video game titled Green Day: Rock Band, as a follow-up to the last band specific Rock Band game, The Beatles: Rock Band. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day Green Day has cited Operation Ivy as a big influence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day " The Dickies is another band Green Day has been compared to. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day Green Day has also released an album titled Stop Drop and Roll!!! --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day Armstrong then gave the finger, and declared that Green Day would be back before throwing his microphone down and walking off the stage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day "Green Day's 'Idiot' Fueling Banner Year". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day In support of the album, the band participated in the Warped Tour in 2000. In November 2000, the band performed for free on the steps on San Francisco's City Hall to protest the eviction of artists from the city in a show produced by Ian Brennan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day In November 2000, the band performed for free on the steps on San Francisco's City Hall to protest the eviction of artists from the city in a show produced by Ian Brennan. The band also had an independent tour to support the album in 2001. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day In October 2009, a Green Day art project was exhibited at StolenSpace Gallery in London. The exhibition showed artworks created for each of the songs on 21st Century Breakdown, was supported by the band, and led by the group's manager Pat Magnarella. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Green Day The procession began in 1995, operates without government support, and has earned national recognition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Procession of the Species The procession in Bellingham, Washington, has taken place since 2004. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Procession of the Species He "taught the propriety of Praying for the Dead, practised it himself, provided Forms that others might. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prayer for the dead Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic, cultural and political arenas, their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Giants After the 1957 season, Dodgers owner Walter O'Malley decided to move the team to Los Angeles primarily for financial reasons. Along the way, he managed to convince Giants owner Horace Stoneham (who was considering moving his team to Minnesota) to preserve the rivalry by taking his team to San Francisco as well. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Giants As the New York Giants and the Philadelphia A's, they met in three World Series, with the Giants winning in 1905 and the A's in 1911 & 1913. After becoming the San Francisco Giants and Oakland A's, they met in a fourth Series in 1989 resulting in the A's last world championship (as of 2018). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Giants The Giants' flagship radio station is KNBR (680 AM). KNBR's owner, Cumulus Media, is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP, the owner of the team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Giants KNBR's owner, Cumulus Media, is a limited partner in San Francisco Baseball Associates LP, the owner of the team. Jon Miller and Dave Flemming are the regular play-by-play announcers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) San Francisco Giants Complete bone fractures may split one bone into multiple pieces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of bones of the human skeleton Echternach's is the last traditional dancing procession in Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dancing procession of Echternach The procession is held every Whit Tuesday around the streets of the city of Echternach. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dancing procession of Echternach In the past, the dancing procession has adopted other forms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dancing procession of Echternach However, it owes its modern fame to the quaint dancing procession. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dancing procession of Echternach Alice Eastwood, the curator of botany at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, is credited with saving nearly 1,500 specimens, including the entire type specimen collection for a newly discovered and extremely rare species, before the remainder of the largest botanical collection in the western United States was destroyed in the fire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In his first public statement, California governor George Pardee emphasized the need to rebuild quickly: "This is not the first time that San Francisco has been destroyed by fire, I have not the slightest doubt that the City by the Golden Gate will be speedily rebuilt, and will, almost before we know it, resume her former great activity". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Gold transfers from European insurance companies to policyholders in San Francisco led to a rise in interest rates, subsequently to a lack of available loans and finally to the Knickerbocker Trust Company crisis of October 1907 which led to the Panic of 1907. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake For years, the epicenter of the quake was assumed to be near the town of Olema, in the Point Reyes area of Marin County, due to local earth displacement measurements. In the 1960s, a seismologist at UC Berkeley proposed that the epicenter was more likely offshore of San Francisco, to the northwest of the Golden Gate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Supershear propagation has now been recognized for many earthquakes associated with strike-slip faulting. Recently, using old photographs and eyewitness accounts, researchers were able to estimate the location of the hypocenter of the earthquake as offshore from San Francisco or near the city of San Juan Bautista, confirming previous estimates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Modern seismic-zonation practice accounts for the differences in seismic hazard posed by varying geologic conditions. The shaking intensity as described on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale reached XI (Extreme) in San Francisco and areas to the north like Santa Rosa where destruction was devastating. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Most of the deaths occurred in San Francisco itself, but 189 were reported elsewhere in the Bay Area; nearby cities, such as Santa Rosa and San Jose, also suffered severe damage. In Monterey County, the earthquake permanently shifted the course of the Salinas River near its mouth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Over 80% of the city was destroyed by the earthquake and fire. Though San Francisco rebuilt quickly, the disaster diverted trade, industry, and population growth south to Los Angeles, which during the 20th century became the largest and most important urban area in the West. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake One landmark building lost in the fire was the Palace Hotel, subsequently rebuilt, which had many famous visitors, including royalty and celebrated performers. It was constructed in 1875 primarily financed by Bank of California co-founder William Ralston, the "man who built San Francisco". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake It was constructed in 1875 primarily financed by Bank of California co-founder William Ralston, the "man who built San Francisco". In April 1906, the tenor Enrico Caruso and members of the Metropolitan Opera Company came to San Francisco to give a series of performances at the Grand Opera House. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The night after Caruso's performance in Carmen, the tenor was awakened in the early morning in his Palace Hotel suite by a strong jolt. Clutching an autographed photo of President Theodore Roosevelt, Caruso made an effort to get out of the city, first by boat and then by train, and vowed never to return to San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The entire laboratory and all the records of Benjamin R. Jacobs, a biochemist who was researching the nutrition of everyday foods, were destroyed. The original California flag used in the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt at Sonoma, which at the time was being stored in a state building in San Francisco, was also destroyed in the fire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake General Frederick Funston had already decided that the situation required the use of federal troops. Telephoning a San Francisco Police Department officer, he sent word to Mayor Eugene Schmitz of his decision to assist and then ordered federal troops from nearby Angel Island to mobilize and come into the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Telephoning a San Francisco Police Department officer, he sent word to Mayor Eugene Schmitz of his decision to assist and then ordered federal troops from nearby Angel Island to mobilize and come into the city. Explosives were ferried across the bay from the California Powder Works in what is now Hercules. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake William James, the pioneering American psychologist, was teaching at Stanford at the time of the earthquake and traveled into San Francisco to observe first-hand its aftermath. He was most impressed by the positive attitude of the survivors and the speed with which they improvized services and created order out of chaos. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake This formed the basis of the chapter "On some Mental Effects of the Earthquake" in his book Memories and Studies. H. G. Wells had just arrived in New York on his first visit to America when he learned, at lunch, of the San Francisco earthquake. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake Until 1906, the school faculty had provided care at the City-County Hospital (now the San Francisco General Hospital), but did not have a hospital of its own. Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, more than 40,000 people were relocated to a makeshift tent city in Golden Gate Park and were treated by the faculty of the Affiliated Colleges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In February 2009, a further memorial made by Paquette for Peterson was unveiled at the crash site. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Day the Music Died In addition to United, Pacific Seaboard Air Lines flew between San Francisco and Los Angeles in 1933; the Bellanca CH-300s flew San Francisco – San Jose – Salinas – Monterey – Paso Robles – San Luis Obispo – Santa Maria – Santa Barbara – Los Angeles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport By 1962 Delta Air Lines was flying Convair 880s to SFO on one its first international jet services, San Francisco – Dallas Love Field – New Orleans – Montego Bay, Jamaica – Caracas, Venezuela. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport A long-planned extension of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system to the airport opened on June 22, 2003, allowing passengers to board BART trains at the international or domestic terminals and have direct rail transportation to downtown San Francisco, Oakland, and the East Bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport Route 140 provides local service from the Rental Car Center (accessible via AirTrain) to San Bruno, South San Francisco, and Pacifica, stopping at San Bruno Caltrain, San Bruno BART, and Skyline College for connections within San Mateo County and beyond. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport On April 20, 1953, Western Airlines Flight 366, a Douglas DC-6 on a scheduled evening crossbay flight to Oakland International Airport, crashed three minutes after departing SFO into San Francisco Bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport KSFO, FAA LID: SFO) is 13 miles (21 km) south of Downtown San Francisco, California. It has flights to points throughout North America and is a major gateway to Europe and Asia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport The land was leased from the Mills Estate in an agreement made with Ogden L. Mills who oversaw the large tracts of property originally acquired by his grandfather, the banker Darius O. Mills. San Francisco purchased the property and the surrounding area expanding the site to 1,112 acres (450 ha) beginning in August 1930. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport Japan Airlines (JAL) arrived at SFO in 1954; in 1961 it was flying Douglas DC-8s San Francisco – Honolulu – Tokyo. In 1961 Lufthansa had begun serving SFO with Boeing 707s flying San Francisco – Montreal Dorval Airport – Paris Orly Airport – Frankfurt three days a week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport In 1961 Lufthansa had begun serving SFO with Boeing 707s flying San Francisco – Montreal Dorval Airport – Paris Orly Airport – Frankfurt three days a week. Lufthansa operated Boeing 720Bs on this routing in 1963 along with Boeing 707s to Frankfurt via Montreal and London Heathrow Airport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport A $2.4 billion International Terminal Complex opened in December 2000, replacing Terminal 2 (known then as the International Terminal). The new International Terminal includes the San Francisco Airport Commission Aviation Museum and Library and the Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum, as part of the SFO Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport It is the largest international terminal in North America, and the largest building in the world built on base isolators to protect against earthquakes. Food service focuses on quick service versions of leading San Francisco Bay Area restaurants, following other SFO terminals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport The San Francisco International Airport (SFO) BART station, located in Parking Garage G of the International Terminal, is the only direct rail link between the airport, the city of San Francisco, and the general Bay Area. The SFO station is served by the Antioch–SFO/Millbrae line and the SFO–Millbrae line. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport It serves as the principal Global MRO Base for United Airlines and serves over 40 other airlines, military customers, and aircraft lease operators. Nippon Cargo Airlines has its San Francisco branch on the airport property. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport Hughes Airwest, the successor to Air West, also had its headquarters on the grounds of the airport. The United States Coast Guard operates Coast Guard Air Station San Francisco with its ramp and buildings near the cargo terminal, operating six MH-65 Dolphin helicopters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport On September 11, 2001, United Airlines Flight 93 was destined for San Francisco. It was hijacked by four al-Qaeda terrorists and diverted towards Washington DC, with the intent of crashing the plane into either The Capitol or the White House. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco International Airport The game received favorable reviews upon its release, with the exception of the Wii edition which received mixed reviews. A mini-comic series was released which provides plot details of the events between Driv3r and San Francisco, with the game receiving a collector's edition that includes additional multiplayer vehicles and single-player events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Driver: San Francisco Ubisoft officially announced the game, titled Driver: San Francisco on their E3 2010 conference. Driver: San Francisco was released in September 2011 for Playstation 3, Xbox 360, Wii and PC and for Mac OS X in March 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Driver: San Francisco A comic book mini-series published by Wildstorm Productions based on the game was released. The storyline takes place after the events of Driver and before San Francisco, and focuses on Tanner's personal vengeance against Jericho: the mini-series was written by David Lapham and illustrated by Greg Scott. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Driver: San Francisco It is the area where the wings and legs attach in insects, or an area of multiple articulating plates in trilobites. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thorax It covers an area of about 46.89 square miles (121.4 square kilometers), mostly at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, making it the second most densely populated large U.S. city, and the fifth most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco is also the headquarters of companies such as Twitter, Square, Airbnb, Levi Strauss & Co., Gap Inc., Salesforce, Dropbox, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Uber, and Lyft. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The Yelamu group of the Ohlone people resided in a few small villages when an overland Spanish exploration party, led by Don Gaspar de Portolá, arrived on November 2, 1769, the first documented European visit to San Francisco Bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Development of the Port of San Francisco and the establishment in 1869 of overland access to the eastern U.S. rail system via the newly completed Pacific Railroad (the construction of which the city only reluctantly helped support) helped make the Bay Area a center for trade. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The first cable cars carried San Franciscans up Clay Street in 1873. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Franciscans built schools, churches, theaters, and all the hallmarks of civic life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway, allowing the city to reclaim The Embarcadero as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the Hayes Valley neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The Ferry Station Post Office Building, Armour & Co. Building, Atherton House, and YMCA Hotel are historic buildings among dozens of historical landmarks in the city according to the National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Further development is taking place just to the south in Mission Bay area, a former railroad yard, which now has a second campus of the University of California, San Francisco and Chase Center, which opened in 2019 as the new home of the Golden State Warriors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco They also protect neighborhoods directly to their east from the foggy and sometimes very cold and windy conditions experienced in the Sunset District; for those who live on the eastern side of the city, San Francisco is sunnier, with an average of 260 clear days, and only 105 cloudy days per year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Historically, tule elk were present in San Francisco County, based on archeological evidence of elk remains in at least five different Native American shellmounds: at Hunter's Point, Fort Mason, Stevenson Street, Market Street, and Yerba Buena. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco With roughly one-quarter the population density of Manhattan, San Francisco is the second-most densely populated large American city, behind only New York City among cities greater than 200,000 population, and the fifth-most densely populated U.S. county, following only four of the five New York City boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2010, residents of Chinese ethnicity constituted the largest single ethnic minority group in San Francisco at 21% of the population; the other Asian groups are Filipinos (5%) and Vietnamese (2%). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco As of 2010, 55% (411,728) of San Francisco residents spoke only English at home, while 19% (140,302) spoke a variety of Chinese (mostly Taishanese and Cantonese), 12% (88,147) Spanish, 3% (25,767) Tagalog, and 2% (14,017) Russian. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2004, a Westmob member fatally shot a SFPD officer and wounded his partner; he was sentenced to life without parole in 2007.Criminal gangs with shotcallers in China, including Triad groups such as the Wo Hop To, have been reported active in San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Montgomery Street in the Financial District became known as the "Wall Street of the West", home to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, the Wells Fargo corporate headquarters, and the site of the now-defunct Pacific Coast Stock Exchange. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco With over 30 international financial institutions, six Fortune 500 companies, and a large support infrastructure of professional services—including law, public relations, architecture and design—San Francisco is designated as an Alpha(-) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Several of San Francisco's parks and nearly all of its beaches form part of the regional Golden Gate National Recreation Area, one of the most visited units of the National Park system in the United States with over 13 million visitors a year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Thruway service also runs south to San Luis Obispo with connection to the Pacific Surfliner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco has several nicknames, including "The City by the Bay", "Golden Gate City", "Frisco", "SF", "San Fran", and "Fog City"; as well as older ones like "The City that Knows How", "Baghdad by the Bay", "The Paris of the West", or, as locals call it, "The City". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for "Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a cultural, commercial, and financial center in Northern California. San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous in California, with 881,549 residents as of 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco is part of the 12th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States by population, with 4.7 million people, and the fourth-largest by economic output, with GDP of $592 billion in 2019. With San Jose, it forms the fifth most populous combined statistical area in the United States, with 9.67 million residents as of 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The following year, on March 28, 1776, the Spanish established the Presidio of San Francisco, followed by a mission, Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores), established by the Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the area became part of Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, and Mexico officially ceded the territory to the United States at the end of the war in 1848. Despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers (known as "forty-niners", as in "1849"). With their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco California was quickly granted statehood in 1850, and the U.S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate and a fort on Alcatraz Island to secure the San Francisco Bay. Silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the eighth-largest city in the United States at the time. Around 1901, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill, and a thriving arts scene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The influential San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association or SPUR was founded in 1910 to address the quality of housing after the earthquake. The earthquake hastened development of western neighborhoods that survived the fire, including Pacific Heights, where many of the city's wealthy rebuilt their homes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In turn, the destroyed mansions of Nob Hill became grand hotels. City Hall rose again in splendid Beaux Arts style, and the city celebrated its rebirth at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in 1915.It was during this period San Francisco built some of its most important infrastructure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco's streetcar system, of which the J, K, L, M, and N lines survive today, was pushed to completion by O'Shaughnessy between 1915 and 1927. It was the O'Shaughnessy Dam, Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, and Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct that would have the largest effect on San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The United Nations Charter creating the United Nations was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The city began to lose industrial jobs and turned to tourism as the most important segment of its economy. The suburbs experienced rapid growth, and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The suburbs experienced rapid growth, and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America. From 1950 to 1980, the city lost over 10 percent of its population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco First was the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, startup companies invigorated the San Francisco economy. Large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer application developers moved into the city, followed by marketing, design, and sales professionals, changing the social landscape as once-poorer neighborhoods became increasingly gentrified. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Also in this quadrant are Russian Hill, a residential neighborhood with the famously crooked Lombard Street; North Beach, the city's Little Italy and the former center of the Beat Generation; and Telegraph Hill, which features Coit Tower. Abutting Russian Hill and North Beach is San Francisco's Chinatown, the oldest Chinatown in North America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Abutting Russian Hill and North Beach is San Francisco's Chinatown, the oldest Chinatown in North America. The South of Market, which was once San Francisco's industrial core, has seen significant redevelopment following the construction of Oracle Park and an infusion of startup companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The South of Market, which was once San Francisco's industrial core, has seen significant redevelopment following the construction of Oracle Park and an infusion of startup companies. New skyscrapers, live-work lofts, and condominiums dot the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Noe Valley to the southwest and Bernal Heights to the south are both increasingly popular among young families with children. East of the Mission is the Potrero Hill neighborhood, a mostly residential neighborhood that features sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. This moderates temperature swings and produces a remarkably mild year-round climate with little seasonal temperature variation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Because of its sharp topography and maritime influences, San Francisco exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. The high hills in the geographic center of the city are responsible for a 20% variance in annual rainfall between different parts of the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco As of the 2010 census, the ethnic makeup and population of San Francisco included: 390,387 Whites (48%), 267,915 Asians (33%), 48,870 African Americans (6%), and others. There were 121,744 Hispanics or Latinos of any race (15%). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco According to the same study by the Pew Research Center, about 20% of residents in the area are Protestant, and 25% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. Meanwhile, 10% of the residents in metropolitan San Francisco identify as agnostics, while 5% identify as atheists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Between the years of 1990 and 2000, the number foreign born residents increased from 33% to nearly 40%, During this same time period, the San Francisco Metropolitan area received 850,000 immigrants, ranking third in the United States after Los Angeles and New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco "declared itself a sanctuary city in 1989, and city officials strengthened the stance in 2013 with its 'Due Process for All' ordinance. The law declared local authorities could not hold immigrants for immigration officials if they had no violent felonies on their records and did not currently face charges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Homelessness, historically, has been a major problem in the city and remains a growing problem in modern times.8,035 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's 2019 point-in-time street and shelter count. This was an increase of more than 17% over the 2017 count of 6,858 people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In the propose 2020–2021 budget the city budgeted $850 million for homelessness services. In January 2018 a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, Leilani Farha, stated that she was "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during a visit to the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In January 2018 a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, Leilani Farha, stated that she was "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during a visit to the city. She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in Mumbai. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco There were about 4,469 burglaries, 25,100 thefts, and 4,210 motor vehicle thefts. The Tenderloin area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The Tenderloin area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. The Tenderloin also sees high rates of drug abuse, gang violence, and prostitution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco African-American street gangs familiar in other cities, including the Bloods, Crips and their sets, have struggled to establish footholds in San Francisco, while police and prosecutors have been accused of liberally labeling young African-American males as gang members. However, gangs founded in San Francisco with majority Black memberships have made their presence in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco However, gangs founded in San Francisco with majority Black memberships have made their presence in the city. The gang Westmob, associated with Oakdale Mob and Sunnydale housing project gangs from the southeast area of the city, was involved in a gang war with Hunters Point-based Big Block from 1999 to the 2000s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco According to academic Rob Wilson, San Francisco is a global city, a status that pre-dated the city's popularity during the California Gold Rush. Such cities are characterized by their ethnic clustering, network of international connectivity, and convergence of technological innovation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Such cities are characterized by their ethnic clustering, network of international connectivity, and convergence of technological innovation. Global cities, such as San Francisco, are considered to be complex and require a high level of talent as well as large masses of low wage workers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Global cities, such as San Francisco, are considered to be complex and require a high level of talent as well as large masses of low wage workers. A divide is created within the city of ethnic, typically lower-class neighborhoods, and expensive ones with newly developed buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2019, GDP in the five-county San Francisco metropolitan area grew 3.8% in real terms to $592 billion. Additionally, in 2019 the 14-county San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area had a GDP of $1.086 trillion, ranking 3rd among CSAs, and ahead of all but 16 countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco As of 2019, San Francisco County was the 7th highest-income county in the United States (among 3,142), with a per capita personal income of $139,405. Marin County, directly to the north over the Golden Gate Bridge, and San Mateo County, directly to the south on the Peninsula, were the 6th and 9th highest-income counties respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The 2017 Global Financial Centres Index ranked San Francisco as the sixth-most competitive financial center in the world. Since the 1990s, San Francisco's economy has diversified away from finance and tourism towards the growing fields of high tech, biotechnology, and medical research. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Since the 1990s, San Francisco's economy has diversified away from finance and tourism towards the growing fields of high tech, biotechnology, and medical research. Technology jobs accounted for just 1 percent of San Francisco's economy in 1990, growing to 4 percent in 2010 and an estimated 8 percent by the end of 2013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco However, by 2016, San Francisco was rated low by small businesses in a Business Friendliness Survey. Like many U.S. cities, San Francisco once had a significant manufacturing sector employing nearly 60,000 workers in 1969, but nearly all production left for cheaper locations by the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Like many U.S. cities, San Francisco once had a significant manufacturing sector employing nearly 60,000 workers in 1969, but nearly all production left for cheaper locations by the 1980s. As of 2014, San Francisco has seen a small resurgence in manufacturing, with more than 4,000 manufacturing jobs across 500 companies, doubling since 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco became a hub for technological driven economic growth during the internet boom of the 1990s, and still holds an important position in the world city network today. Intense redevelopment towards the "new economy" makes business more technologically minded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2014, San Francisco's tech employment grew nearly 90% between 2010 and 2014, beating out Silicon Valley's 30% growth rate over the same period. The tech sector's dominance in the Bay Area is internationally recognized and continues to attract new businesses and young entrepreneurs from all over the globe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Because of these characteristics, San Francisco is ranked the second "most walkable" city in the United States by Walkscore.com. Many neighborhoods feature a mix of businesses, restaurants and venues that cater to the daily needs of local residents while also serving many visitors and tourists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The city's property values and household income have risen to among the highest in the nation, creating a large and upscale restaurant, retail, and entertainment scene. According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the highest quality of living of any U.S. city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The high cost of living is due in part to restrictive planning laws which limit new residential construction. The international character that San Francisco has enjoyed since its founding is continued today by large numbers of immigrants from Asia and Latin America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The international character that San Francisco has enjoyed since its founding is continued today by large numbers of immigrants from Asia and Latin America. With 39% of its residents born overseas, San Francisco has numerous neighborhoods filled with businesses and civic institutions catering to new arrivals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco has not voted more than 20% for a Republican presidential or senatorial candidate since 1988. In 2007, the city expanded its Medicaid and other indigent medical programs into the Healthy San Francisco program, which subsidizes certain medical services for eligible residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco also has had a very active environmental community. Starting with the founding of the Sierra Club in 1892 to the establishment of the non-profit Friends of the Urban Forest in 1981, San Francisco has been at the forefront of many global discussions regarding the environment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The 1980 San Francisco Recycling Program was one of the earliest curbside recycling programs. The city's GoSolarSF incentive promotes solar installations and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is rolling out the CleanPowerSF program to sell electricity from local renewable sources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The city's GoSolarSF incentive promotes solar installations and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is rolling out the CleanPowerSF program to sell electricity from local renewable sources. SF Greasecycle is a program to recycle used cooking oil for conversion to biodiesel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2013, over 1.5 million people attended, around 500,000 more than the previous year. The Folsom Street Fair (FSF) is an annual BDSM and leather subculture street fair that is held in September, capping San Francisco's "Leather Pride Week". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco's War Memorial and Performing Arts Center hosts some of the most enduring performing-arts companies in the country. The War Memorial Opera House houses the San Francisco Opera, the second-largest opera company in North America as well as the San Francisco Ballet, while the San Francisco Symphony plays in Davies Symphony Hall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The War Memorial Opera House houses the San Francisco Opera, the second-largest opera company in North America as well as the San Francisco Ballet, while the San Francisco Symphony plays in Davies Symphony Hall. Opened in 2013, the SFJAZZ Center hosts jazz performances year round. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The Tony Award-winning non-profit American Conservatory Theater (A.C.T.) is a member of the national League of Resident Theatres. Other local winners of the Regional Theatre Tony Award include the San Francisco Mime Troupe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) houses 20th century and contemporary works of art. It moved to its current building in the South of Market neighborhood in 1995 and attracted more than 600,000 visitors annually. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco With an ideal climate for outdoor activities, San Francisco has ample resources and opportunities for amateur and participatory sports and recreation. There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of bicycle paths, lanes and bike routes in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The only park managed by the California State Park system located principally in San Francisco, Candlestick Point was the state's first urban recreation area. San Francisco is the first city in the U.S. to have a park within a 10-Minute Walk of every resident. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco In 2011, Ed Lee was selected by the board to finish the term of Gavin Newsom, who resigned to take office as Lieutenant Governor of California. Lee (who won two elections to remain mayor) was temporarily replaced by San Francisco Board of Supervisors President London Breed after he died on December 12, 2017. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Lee (who won two elections to remain mayor) was temporarily replaced by San Francisco Board of Supervisors President London Breed after he died on December 12, 2017. Supervisor Mark Farrell was appointed by the Board of Supervisors to finish Lee's term on January 23, 2018. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The municipal budget for fiscal year 2015–16 was $8.99 billion, and is one of the largest city budgets in the United States. The City of San Francisco spends more per resident than any city other than Washington D.C, over $10,000 in FY 2015–2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco All in all, UCSF operates more than 20 facilities across San Francisco. The University of California, Hastings College of the Law, founded in Civic Center in 1878, is the oldest law school in California and claims more judges on the state bench than any other institution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco's two University of California institutions have recently formed an official affiliation in the UCSF/UC Hastings Consortium on Law, Science & Health Policy. San Francisco State University is part of the California State University system and is located near Lake Merced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The City College of San Francisco, with its main facility in the Ingleside district, is one of the largest two-year community colleges in the country. It has an enrollment of about 100,000 students and offers an extensive continuing education program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco It has an enrollment of about 100,000 students and offers an extensive continuing education program. Founded in 1855, the University of San Francisco, a private Jesuit university located on Lone Mountain, is the oldest institution of higher education in San Francisco and one of the oldest universities established west of the Mississippi River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Public school students attend schools based on an assignment system rather than neighborhood proximity. Just under 30% of the city's school-age population attends one of San Francisco's more than 100 private or parochial schools, compared to a 10% rate nationwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco CNN, MSNBC, BBC, Russia Today, and CCTV America also have regional news bureaus in San Francisco. Bloomberg West was launched in 2011 from a studio on the Embarcadero and CNBC broadcasts from One Market Plaza since 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 32% of San Francisco residents use public transportation for their daily commute to work, ranking it first on the West Coast and third overall in the United States. The San Francisco Municipal Railway, primarily known as Muni, is the primary public transit system of San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco It also operates the famous cable cars, which have been designated as a National Historic Landmark and are a major tourist attraction. Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), a regional Rapid Transit system, connects San Francisco with the East Bay and San Jose through the underwater Transbay Tube. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco The line runs under Market Street to Civic Center where it turns south to the Mission District, the southern part of the city, and through northern San Mateo County, to the San Francisco International Airport, and Millbrae. Another commuter rail system, Caltrain, runs from San Francisco along the San Francisco Peninsula to San Jose. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Amtrak California Thruway Motorcoach runs a shuttle bus from three locations in San Francisco to its station across the bay in Emeryville. Additionally, BART offers connections to San Francisco from Amtrak's stations in Emeryville, Oakland and Richmond, and Caltrain offers connections in San Jose and Santa Clara. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco San Francisco Bay Ferry operates from the Ferry Building and Pier 39 to points in Oakland, Alameda, Bay Farm Island, South San Francisco, and north to Vallejo in Solano County. The Golden Gate Ferry is the other ferry operator with service between San Francisco and Marin County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco To accommodate the large amount of San Francisco citizens who commute to the Silicon Valley daily, employers like Genentech, Google, and Apple have begun to provide private bus transportation for their employees, from San Francisco locations. These buses have quickly become a heated topic of debate within the city, as protesters claim they block bus lanes and delay public buses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Cycling is a popular mode of transportation in San Francisco, with 75,000 residents commuting by bicycle each day. In recent years, the city has installed better cycling infrastructure such as protected bike lanes and parking racks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco His relics are at the Basilica of Saint Valentine in Terni (Basilica di San Valentino). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Valentine's Day is mentioned ruefully by Ophelia in William Shakespeare's Hamlet (1600–1601): --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day The mid-19th century Valentine's Day trade was a harbinger of further commercialized holidays in the U.S. to follow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In recent years, celebrating White Day has also become fashionable among some young people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Valentine's Day has been strongly criticized from a postcolonial perspective by intellectuals from the Indian left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Iran says it is cracking down on Valentine's Day celebrations and shops engaging in them will be guilty of a crime. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Israel, the Jewish tradition of Tu B'Av has been revived and transformed into the Jewish equivalent of Valentine's Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Japan, the romantic "date night" associated to Valentine's Day is celebrated on Christmas Eve. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Lebanese people celebrate Valentine's Day in a different way in every city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Sidon, Valentine's Day is celebrated with the whole family – it is more about family love than a couple's love. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Some of them would be charged in the Shariah Court for defying the department's ban against the celebration of Valentine's Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In 2016, local governing body of Peshwar officially banned the celebration of Valentine's Day in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Taiwan, traditional Qixi Festival, Valentine's Day and White Day are all celebrated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Estonia, Valentine's Day was originally called valentinipäev and later also sõbrapäev ('Friend's Day') as a calque of the Finnish term. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In contemporary Greece, Valentine's Day is generally celebrated as in the common Western tradition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Saint Valentine's Day was introduced to Poland together with the cult of Saint Valentine via Bavaria and Tyrol. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Portugal, the holiday is known as "Dia dos Namorados" (Lover's Day / Day of the Enamoured). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day In Sweden it is called Alla hjärtans dag ("All Hearts' Day") but is not widely celebrated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day V-Day, the global movement to end violence against women and girls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Women's Memorial March, held on Valentine's Day in Vancouver, British Columbia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Valentine's Day Although the exact boundaries of the region are variously defined, the Bay Area is defined by the Association of Bay Area Governments to include the nine counties that border the aforementioned estuaries: Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma, and San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area During World War II, the Bay Area played a major role in America's war effort in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater, with San Francisco's Fort Mason acting as a primary embarkation point for American forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area For example, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) which regulates broadcast, cable, and satellite transmissions, includes nearby Colusa, Lake and Mendocino counties in their "San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose" media market, but excludes eastern Solano county. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area In 1989, in the middle of the World Series match between two Bay Area baseball teams, the Loma Prieta earthquake struck and caused widespread infrastructural damage, including the failure of the Bay Bridge, a major link between San Francisco and Oakland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area According to the regional theater service organization Theatre Bay Area, the San Francisco Bay Area is the third largest center of activity for theater companies and actors in the United States, after the New York City and Chicago metropolitan areas, with 400 companies spread throughout the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Another local broadcaster, KPOO, is an independent, African-American owned and operated noncommercial radio station established in 1971.The largest newspapers in the Bay Area are the San Francisco Chronicle and San Jose Mercury News, the highest and second-highest most widely circulated newspaper in Northern California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is home to over 382,950 Filipino Americans, one of the largest communities of Filipino people outside of the Philippines with the largest proportion of Filipino Americans concentrating themselves within American Canyon, Daly City, Fairfield, Hercules, South San Francisco, Union City and Vallejo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area According to the Brookings Institution, 45% of residents of the two-county San Jose metro area have a college degree and 43% of residents in the five-county San Francisco metro area have a college degree, the second and fourth highest ranked metro areas in the country for higher educational attainment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Other mammals include the internationally famous sea lions who began inhabiting San Francisco's Pier 39 after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake and the locally famous Humphrey the Whale, a humpback whale who entered San Francisco Bay twice on errant migrations in the late 1980s and early 1990s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area There are some city streets in San Francisco where gaps occur in the freeway system, partly the result of the Freeway Revolt, which prevented a freeway-only thoroughfare through San Francisco between the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, the western terminus of Interstate 80, and the southern terminus of the Golden Gate Bridge (U.S. Route 101). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Although geographically located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, the city of San Francisco is not considered part of the "Peninsula" subregion, but as a separate entity. The "East Bay" is the densest region of the Bay Area outside of San Francisco and includes cities and towns in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, centered around Oakland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area As one of the larger subregions, the East Bay includes a variety of enclaves, including the suburban Tri-Valley area and the highly urban western part of the subregion that runs alongside the bay. The "Peninsula" subregion includes the cities and towns on the San Francisco Peninsula, excluding the titular city of San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The "Peninsula" subregion includes the cities and towns on the San Francisco Peninsula, excluding the titular city of San Francisco. Its eastern half, which runs alongside the Bay, is highly populated, while its less populated western coast traces the coastline of the Pacific Ocean and is known for its open space and hiking trails. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Jimi Hendrix also had strong connections to the movement and the Bay Area, as he lived in Berkeley for a brief time as a child and played in many local venues in that decade. By the 1970s, San Francisco had developed a vibrant jazz scene, earning the moniker, "Harlem of the West". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The organization was founded in 1976 by the Magic Theatre and American Conservatory Theater (ACT) in San Francisco and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre in Berkeley. The latter two, along with the San Francisco Mime Troupe and Palo Alto-based Theatreworks, have since gone on to win one Regional Theatre Tony Award each. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Bloomberg West, a show that focuses on topics pertaining to technology and business, was launched in 2011 from a studio in and continues to broadcast from San Francisco. Public broadcasting outlets include both a television station and a radio station, both broadcasting under the call letters KQED from a facility near the Potrero Hill neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Whites also make up the majority in the eastern regions of the East Bay centered around the Lamorinda and Tri-Valley areas. San Francisco's North Beach district is considered the Little Italy of the city, and was once home to a significant Italian-American community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The cities of San Jose and San Francisco had the third and fourth most Asian-American residents in the United States. In San Francisco, Chinese Americans constitute 21.4% of the population and constitute the single largest ethnic group in the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Pacific Islanders such as Samoans and Tongans have the largest presence in East Palo Alto, where they constitute over 7% of the population. The African-American population of San Francisco was formerly substantial, had a thriving jazz scene and was known as "Harlem of the West. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is one of the wealthiest regions in the United States, due, primarily, to the economic power engines of San Jose, San Francisco, and Oakland. The Bay Area city of Pleasanton has the second-highest household income in the country after New Canaan, Connecticut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Statistics regarding crime rates in the Bay Area generally fall into two categories: violent crime and property crime. Historically, violent crime has been concentrated in a few cities in the East Bay, namely Oakland, Richmond, and Antioch, but also East Palo Alto in the Peninsula, Vallejo in the North Bay, and San Francisco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Historically, violent crime has been concentrated in a few cities in the East Bay, namely Oakland, Richmond, and Antioch, but also East Palo Alto in the Peninsula, Vallejo in the North Bay, and San Francisco. Nationally, Oakland's murder rate ranked 18th among cities with over 100,000 residents, and third for violent crimes per capita. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area According to a 2015 Federal Bureau of Investigation report, Oakland was also the source of the most violent crime in the Bay Area, with 16.9 reported incidents per thousand people. Vallejo came in second, at 8.7 incidents per thousand people, while San Pablo, Antioch, and San Francisco rounded out the top five. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area In 2015, 45 Bay Area cities counted zero homicides, the largest of which was Daly City. In 2015, Oakland also saw the highest rates of property crime in the Bay Area, at 59.4 incidents per thousand residents, with San Francisco following close behind at 53 incidents per thousand residents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area In 2015, Oakland also saw the highest rates of property crime in the Bay Area, at 59.4 incidents per thousand residents, with San Francisco following close behind at 53 incidents per thousand residents. The East Bay cities Pleasant Hill, Berkeley, and San Leandro rounded out the top five. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Despite the San Francisco Bay Area's booming industries contributing to the aforementioned economic growth, there is a significant level of poverty in the region. Rising housing prices and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area are often framed as symptomatic of high-income tech workers moving in to previously low-income, underserved neighborhoods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Rising housing prices and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area are often framed as symptomatic of high-income tech workers moving in to previously low-income, underserved neighborhoods. As of June 2014, median rent in San Francisco increased to $2,300, a 21% in one year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Moreover, in 2002, then San Francisco Supervisor Gavin Newsom introduced the "Care Not Cash" initiative, diverting funds away from cash handouts (which he argued encouraged drug use) to housing. This proved controversial, with some suggesting his rhetoric criminalized poverty, while others supporting the prioritizing of housing as a solution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Suburban poverty is most prevalent among Hispanics and Blacks, and affects native-born people more significantly than foreign-born. As greater proportions of incomes are spent on rent, many impoverished populations in the San Francisco Bay Area also face food insecurity and health setbacks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Strong economic growth has created hundreds of thousands of new jobs, but coupled with severe restrictions on building new housing units, has resulted in an extreme housing shortage. For example, from 2012 to 2017, the San Francisco metropolitan area added 400,000 new jobs, but only 60,000 new housing units. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The three most notable universities are Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, and University of California, San Francisco, all considered among the most prestigious universities in the world. The first institution of higher education in the Bay Area, Santa Clara University, was founded by Jesuits in 1851, who also founded the University of San Francisco in 1855. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The first institution of higher education in the Bay Area, Santa Clara University, was founded by Jesuits in 1851, who also founded the University of San Francisco in 1855. San Jose State University was founded in 1857 and is the oldest public college on the West Coast of the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The University of California, Hastings College of the Law, founded in Civic Center in 1878, is the oldest law school in California and claims more judges on the state bench than any other institution. The city is also host to a California State University school, San Francisco State University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area According to CNNMoney, the Bay Area community college with the highest "success" rate is De Anza College in Cupertino, which is also the tenth-highest ranked in the nation. Other relatively well-ranked Bay Area community colleges include Foothill College, City College of San Francisco, West Valley College, Diablo Valley College, and Las Positas College. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Within the city of San Francisco, natural and artificial topographical features direct the movement of wind and fog, resulting in startlingly varied climates between city blocks. Along the Golden Gate Strait, oceanic wind and fog from the Pacific Ocean are able to penetrate the mountain barriers inland into the Bay Area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area This weather pattern is also the source for delays at San Francisco International Airport. In Marin county north of the Golden Gate strait, two gaps north of Muir Woods bring cold air across the Marin Headlands, with the cooling effect reaching as far north as Santa Rosa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area This early fur trade, known as the California Fur Rush, was more than any other single factor, responsible for opening up the West and the San Francisco Bay Area, in particular, to world trade. By 1817 sea otter in the area were practically eliminated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area is home to a complex network of watersheds, marshes, rivers, creeks, reservoirs, and bays that predominantly drain into the San Francisco Bay and Pacific Ocean. The largest bodies of water in the Bay Area are the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun estuaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area The largest bodies of water in the Bay Area are the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun estuaries. Major rivers of the North Bay include the Napa River, the Petaluma River, the Gualala River, and the Russian River; the former two drain into San Pablo Bay, the latter two into the Pacific Ocean. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Major rivers of the North Bay include the Napa River, the Petaluma River, the Gualala River, and the Russian River; the former two drain into San Pablo Bay, the latter two into the Pacific Ocean. In the South Bay, the Guadalupe River drains into San Francisco Bay near Alviso. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area Government in the San Francisco Bay Area consists of multiple actors, including 101 city and nine county governments, a dozen regional agencies, and a large number of single-purpose special districts such as municipal utility districts and transit districts. Incorporated cities are responsible for providing police service, zoning, issuing building permits, and maintaining public streets among other duties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Area If Day was the second Victory Loan campaign of the Second World War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) If Day The San Francisco 49ers, an original member of the new All-America Football Conference (AAFC), were the first major league professional sports franchise based in San Francisco, and one of the first major league professional sports teams based on the Pacific Coast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The Miami Dolphins traded the No. 3 overall draft in the 2021 NFL Draft to the San Francisco 49ers in exchange for the No. 12 overall pick, a third-round pick in 2022, a first-round pick in 2022 and a first-round pick in 2023. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The rivalry between the Los Angeles Rams and the San Francisco 49ers is considered by many to be one of the greatest NFL rivalries ever, placing No. 8 on Sports Illustrated's "Top 10 NFL Rivalries of All Time" list, compiled in 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The 1981 NFC championship game in San Francisco, which saw the 49ers' Joe Montana complete a game-winning pass to Dwight Clark in the final minute (now known as The Catch), is one of the most famous games in NFL history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The team was founded in 1946 as a charter member of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and joined the NFL in 1949 when the leagues merged. The 49ers were the first major league professional sports franchise based in San Francisco and is the 10th oldest franchise in the NFL. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers finished the 1992 season with a 14–2 record and home-field advantage in the playoffs. San Francisco defeated the Washington Redskins 20–13 in the divisional playoff game, but lost to the Dallas Cowboys 30–20 in the NFC championship at Candlestick Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The Yorks and then-San Francisco mayor Gavin Newsom had been talking over the last few months about building a privately financed stadium at Candlestick Point that was intended to be part of the city's bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. The 49ers' final decision to move the stadium ended the San Francisco bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers' final decision to move the stadium ended the San Francisco bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Chicago were the three cities competing to be the U.S. Olympic Committee's choice to bid on the 2016 games, with Chicago emerging as the eventual victor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers sponsored Measure J, which appeared on the June 8, 2010, Santa Clara ballot, to build a new stadium as the future home of the San Francisco 49ers in that city. The measure passed with 58.2% of the total vote. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers San Francisco wore red and gold in 1958 as well, with their white jersey having a single shoulder loop stripe, as well as adding TV numbers to the sleeves of their home and away jerseys. And in contrast to the socks at home, red with three red stripes, the away socks were solid red. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers In November 2018, shortly before the start of a game against the Oakland Raiders, a cheerleader for the San Francisco 49ers appeared to kneel during the US national anthem, becoming the first NFL cheerleader to do so. The act of kneeling during the national anthem began with the quarterback Colin Kaepernick to raise awareness about racism and police brutality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers The rivalry still remained heated when the Raiders moved to Los Angeles, leaving many Raider fans in Northern California bitter over the move, and some of them becoming 49er fans, added with the antagonism between Northern and Southern California. The Raiders notably upset the defending Super Bowl champion 49ers in San Francisco in 1982, winning 23–17. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco 49ers When one tumor is present, it is called a plasmacytoma; more than one is called multiple myeloma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Globally, multiple myeloma affected 488,000 people and resulted in 101,100 deaths in 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) increases the risk of developing multiple myeloma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma This suggest that EBV may have a role in the progression of plasmacytomas to systemic multiple myeloma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma These results may represent a de novo epigenetic reprogramming in multiple myeloma, leading to the acquisition of a methylation pattern related to stemness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Overall, some 2–4% of multiple myeloma cases eventually progress to plasma cell leukemia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma The plasma cells seen in multiple myeloma have several possible morphologies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Mott cells, containing multiple clustered cytoplasmic droplets or other inclusions --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma The diagnostic examination of a person with suspected multiple myeloma typically includes a skeletal survey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma There are two types of stem cell transplants to treat multiple myeloma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Kidney failure in multiple myeloma can be acute (reversible) or chronic (irreversible). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Palliative care is appropriate at any stage of multiple myeloma and can be provided alongside curative treatment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma In dogs, multiple myeloma accounts for around 8% of all haemopoietic tumors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Multiple myeloma Hell's Horizon was released in March 2009 and City of the Snakes was released in March 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Darren O'Shaughnessy A short novel released for World Book Day in the UK in 2006. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Darren O'Shaughnessy In July 2009, O'Shaughnessy revealed that he had written first drafts of 53 books in total. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Darren O'Shaughnessy Movies listed The Day After Tomorrow as one of its top-10 scientifically inaccurate films. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Day After Tomorrow The bodies show evidence of multiple serious injuries caused by a range of weapons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Brice's Day massacre Because of San Francisco's status as a consolidated city-county, the mayor also serves as the head of government of the county; both entities have been governed together by a combined set of governing bodies since 1856.There have been 45 individuals who have served as mayor in San Francisco since 1850, when California became a state following the American Conquest of California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mayor of San Francisco Unlike a few other American cities, the San Francisco mayor does not have an official residence; in the 1990s, Mayor Willie Brown unsuccessfully pushed to acquire the Yerba Buena Island mansion formerly held used by U.S. Navy admirals as a ceremonial residence for the mayor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mayor of San Francisco The mayor has the powers to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, participate in meetings of the Board of Supervisors and its committees, appoint a replacement to fill vacancies in all city elected offices until elections, appoint a member of the Board as acting mayor in his/her absence, and to direct personnel in the case of emergency. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mayor of San Francisco Thus, advanced programmers may intervene the generated code at multiple levels to tune the performance of their applications. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Because Eden is an extension of a functional language, Eden skeletons are higher order functions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton On the exact search algorithms Mallba provides branch-and-bound and dynamic-optimization skeletons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton The hybrid skeletons combine strategies, such as: GASA, a mixture of genetic algorithm and --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Compared with other frameworks, Mallba's usage of skeletons concepts is unique. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton It provides a set of both task and data-parallel skeletons that can be composed, through nesting, to build compound computations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Instead of directly using the coordination language, programmers interact with a graphical tool, where parallel modules based on skeletons can be composed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton The code is then passed through a Perl script which expands the code to pure C++ where skeletons are specialized through inheritance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton In SCL, skeletons are classified into three types: configuration, elementary and computation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Elementary skeletons correspond to data parallel skeletons such as map, scan, and fold. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton As a result, this framework eliminate the need for reimplementation and global synchronizations in composed skeletons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton A program could have more than one implementation, each using a combination of different skeletons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Providing skeletons as language construct implies the development of a custom domain specific language and its compiler. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton The trend is clear that recent skeleton frameworks support full nesting of skeletons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton The first version of eSkel was described in, while a later version is presented in. In, nesting-mode and interaction-mode for skeletons are defined. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton In, nesting-mode and interaction-mode for skeletons are defined. The nesting-mode can be either transient or persistent, while the interaction-mode can be either implicit or explicit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton Computation skeletons which abstract the control flow and correspond mainly to task parallel skeletons such as farm, SPMD, and iterateUntil. The coordination language approach was used in conjunction with performance models for programming traditional parallel machines as well as parallel heterogeneous machines that have different multiple cores on each processing node. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Algorithmic skeleton In 2009, it was included in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Holy Blood It takes place on Ascension Day, as one of the great religious celebrations in Belgium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Holy Blood Many bishops, priests and nuns from all over the world come to celebrate this famous procession. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Holy Blood In the morning, a pontifical Mass is celebrated in the cathedral, and, in the afternoon, the procession takes place. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Holy Blood The procession commemorates the deliverance of the city, by the national heroes Jan Breydel and Pieter de Coninck, from French tyranny in May of the previous year. It takes place on Ascension Day, as one of the great religious celebrations in Belgium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Holy Blood About 560,000 years ago, a tectonic shift caused the large inland Lake Corcoran to spill out the central valley and through the Carquinez Strait, carving out sediment and forming canyons in what is now the northern part of the San Francisco Bay and Golden Gate strait. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The first recorded European discovery of San Francisco Bay was on November 4, 1769, when Spanish explorer Gaspar de Portolá, unable to find the Port of Monterey, continued north close to what is now Pacifica and reached the summit of the 1,200-foot-high (370 m) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay provided the nation's first wildlife refuge, Oakland's artificial Lake Merritt, constructed in the 1860s, and America's first urban National Wildlife Refuge, the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (SFBNWR) in 1972. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The seasonal range of water temperature in the Bay is from January's 53 °F (12 °C) to September's 60 °F (16 °C) when measured at Fort Point, which is near the southern end of the Golden Gate Bridge and at the entrance to San Francisco Bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Between Hayward and San Mateo to San Jose it is 12 to 36 in (30–90 cm). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The San Mateo–Hayward Bridge on SR 92 connects Alameda and San Mateo counties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The Dumbarton Bridge on SR 84 connects Alameda and San Mateo counties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay drains water from approximately 40 percent of California. Water from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, and from the Sierra Nevada mountains, flow into Suisun Bay, which then travels through the Carquinez Strait to meet with the Napa River at the entrance to San Pablo Bay, which connects at its south end to San Francisco Bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Water from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, and from the Sierra Nevada mountains, flow into Suisun Bay, which then travels through the Carquinez Strait to meet with the Napa River at the entrance to San Pablo Bay, which connects at its south end to San Francisco Bay. It then connects to the Pacific Ocean via the Golden Gate strait. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Mountainous Yerba Buena Island is pierced by a tunnel linking the east and west spans of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge. Attached to the north is the artificial and flat Treasure Island, site of the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Until the last ice age, the basin which is now filled by the San Francisco Bay was a large linear valley with small hills, similar to most of the valleys of the Coast Ranges. As the great ice sheets began to melt, around 11,000 years ago, the sea level started to rise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The indigenous inhabitants of the San Francisco Bay are Ohlone. The first European to see San Francisco Bay is likely N. de Morena who was left at New Albion at Drakes Bay in Marin County, California by Sir Francis Drake in 1579 and then walked to Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The Bay became the center of American settlement and commerce in the Far West through most of the remainder of the 19th century. During the California Gold Rush (1848–1855), San Francisco Bay suddenly became one of the world's great seaports, dominating shipping in the American West until the last years of the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Despite its urban and industrial character, San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta remain perhaps California's most important ecological habitats. California's Dungeness crab, California halibut, and Pacific salmon fisheries rely on the bay as a nursery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Only salt-tolerant micro-algae survive in the high salinity ponds, and impart a deep red color to these ponds from the pigment within the algae protoplasm. The salt marsh harvest mouse is an endangered species endemic to the wetlands of the San Francisco Bay with a high salt tolerance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay This work has continued without interruption ever since an enormous federal subsidy to San Francisco Bay shipping. Some of the dredge spoils were initially dumped in the bay shallows (including helping to create Treasure Island on the former shoals to the north of Yerba Buena Island) and used to raise islands in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Yachting and yacht racing are popular pastimes and the San Francisco Bay Area is home to many of the world's top sailors. A shoreline bicycle and pedestrian trail known as the San Francisco Bay Trail encircles the edge of the bay. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay A shoreline bicycle and pedestrian trail known as the San Francisco Bay Trail encircles the edge of the bay. The San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail, a growing network of launching and landing sites around the Bay for non-motorized small boat users (such as kayakers) is being developed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay The San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail is a planned system of designated trailheads designed to improve non-motorized small boat access to the bay. The California Coastal Conservancy approved funding in March 2011 to begin implementation of the water trail. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Bay Religious institutions providing community services to the Tenderloin include Glide Memorial Church, which was reinvigorated by Cecil Williams in 1963, St. Anthony's, a program of the Franciscans and San Francisco City Impact founded in 1984 by Pastor Roger Huang. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tenderloin, San Francisco In the evening of August 13, 1961, 103 gay and lesbian patrons were raided in the Tay-Bush Inn, a café frequently visited by gay and lesbian patrons. As a response to police harassment, S.F. bar owners formed the San Francisco Tavern Guild. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tenderloin, San Francisco John Macaulay Park, named after a San Francisco police officer who was killed in the adjacent alley while on duty, is a small gated playground at the corner of O'Farrell and Larkin Streets. Although the park is located across the street from a strip club, it is frequented by parents and children from the neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tenderloin, San Francisco Similar to other summer-themed events, Independence Day celebrations often take place outdoors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independence Day (United States) Other major displays are in Seattle on Lake Union; in San Diego over Mission Bay; in Boston on the Charles River; in Philadelphia over the Philadelphia Museum of Art; in San Francisco over the San Francisco Bay; and on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.During the annual Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival, Detroit, Michigan hosts one of the largest fireworks displays in North America, over the Detroit River, to celebrate Independence Day in conjunction with Windsor, Ontario's celebration of Canada Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independence Day (United States) In 1964, the name of the July 4 holiday was changed to Republic Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Independence Day (United States) In Portuguese tradition there exists tales about one's double that take part in this procession. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the dead Program skeletons resemble pseudocode, but allow parsing, compilation and testing of the code. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Skeleton (computer programming) This is known as multiple data parallelism. ‘Reduces’ or ‘scans’ are used to apply prefixes to a set of data, before then applying an operation upon the data. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Skeleton (computer programming) These skeletons are very different to the typical skeletons found above. ‘Resolution’ algorithms use a combination of methods to solve a specified problem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Skeleton (computer programming) about the orthodoxy of the doctrine of the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and the Son, --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque Cyril of Alexandria provides "a host of quotations that seemingly speak of the Spirit's 'procession' from both the Father and the Son". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque Thus, the Spirit is said to be "sent" by the Son from the Father both as to an eternal procession and a temporal mission. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque "The sending of the Spirit is that procession by which It proceeds from the Father and the Son. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque The text proposes an eternal procession from both Father and the Son by the use of the word "always" (semper). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque The procession of the Holy Spirit was defined in what is also called the Nicene Creed, or more accurately the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, which was also composed in Greek. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque The Synod of Jerusalem (1672) similarly re-affirmed procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father alone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque Gregory of Nyssa explicitly admits a 'mediating' role of the Son in the procession of the Spirit from the Father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque about the orthodoxy of the doctrine of the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and the Son, to which the term refers --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque The monarchy of the Father is a doctrine upheld not only by those who, like Photius, speak of a procession from the Father alone. It is also asserted by theologians who speak of a procession from the Father through the Son or from the Father and the Son. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Filioque In modern Mexico the marigold is sometimes called Flor de Muerto ('Flower of Dead'). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Day of the Dead The celebration has always been family-oriented, and the idea of having a city-wide parade of people wearing hallowe’en-like costumes started only in 2016, the year after Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer invented a Day of the Dead parade in Mexico City for the James Bond film Spectre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Day of the Dead Posada's striking image of a costumed female with a skeleton face has become associated with the Day of the Dead, and Catrina figures often are a prominent part of modern Day of the Dead observances. Theatrical presentations of Don Juan Tenorio by José Zorrilla (1817–1893) are also traditional on this day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Day of the Dead The band adopted the name Green Day, due to the members' fondness for cannabis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day In 2000, Green Day released its sixth studio album Warning. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day American Idiot opened in the Berkeley Repertory Theatre during the end of 2009. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Green Day performed its first concert in a year on April 16, 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day The group first played a set as Sweet Children with John Kiffmeyer, followed by a set as Green Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day On May 17, 2021, Green Day released a new single, titled "Pollyanna". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Green Day has covered Hüsker Dü's "Don't Want to Know --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Although Green Day has been compared to the Buzzcocks, the Ramones and the Clash, Mike Dirnt said he had never heard the Buzzcocks when Green Day began. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Green Day has earned 214 award nominations and 92 wins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Green Day went on a world tour that started in North America in July 2009 and continuing around the world throughout the rest of 2009 and early 2010. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album at the 52nd Grammy Awards on January 31, 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Those are all bands I got into later. " The Dickies is another band Green Day has been compared to. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day " The Dickies is another band Green Day has been compared to. Dirnt said he "never owned a Dickies album, although" he "did see" the Dickies live "around the time of" Kerplunk!. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day Cohen, Johnathan (2005). "Green Day not ready to rest 'Idiot'". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Green Day The procession has three rules: no live pets, no motorized vehicles, and no written words. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Procession of the Species Undeterred by the police, the procession continued marching ahead when the police fired upon the procession. Barua was shot and the flag she was carrying with her was taken up by Mukunda Kakoti who too was shot at. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Kanaklata Barua The Prayer for the Dead is a particular prayer for the departed, said at Baháʼí funerals before internment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prayer for the dead They made nine playoff appearances and won three NL pennants between 1958 and 2009. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants Players inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum as members of the San Francisco Giants include CF Willie Mays, 1B Orlando Cepeda, P Juan Marichal, 1B Willie McCovey, and P Gaylord Perry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants As of the end of the 2020 baseball season, the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs, 6-3, whereas in 20th-century New York, the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships, 5–1. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants A geographic rivalry with the cross-Bay American League Athletics greatly increased with the 1989 World Series, nicknamed the "Battle of the Bay", which Oakland swept (and which was interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake moments before the scheduled start of Game 3 in San Francisco). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants The Giants compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) West division. Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams, and renamed three years later the New York Giants, the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants The Giants originated in New York City as the New York Gothams in 1883 and were known as the New York Giants from 1885 until the team relocated to San Francisco after the 1957 season. During most of their 75 seasons in New York City, the Giants played home games at various incarnations of the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants The Giants, along with their rival Los Angeles Dodgers, became the first Major League Baseball teams to play on the west coast. On April 15, 1958, the Giants played their first game in San Francisco, defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers, 8–0. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants New York baseball fans were stunned and heartbroken by the move. Given that the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco have long been competitors in economic, cultural and political arenas, their new California venues became fertile ground for transplantation of the ancient rivalry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants Willie Mays (#24) began his career in New York, moving with the Giants to San Francisco in 1958; he did not play in most of 1952 and all of 1953 due to his service in the Korean War. Mathewson and McGraw are honored by the Giants, but played in an era before uniform numbers became standard in baseball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) San Francisco Giants This will be determined if the skeletal remains are situated in a burial setting and the presence of accompanied artefacts beside the skeletons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Skeletonization The dancing procession of Echternach is an annual Roman Catholic dancing procession held at Echternach, in eastern Luxembourg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dancing procession of Echternach A large number of priests, nuns, and monks also accompany the procession, and not infrequently there are several bishops as well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Dancing procession of Echternach The most recent analyses support an offshore location for the epicenter, although significant uncertainty remains. An offshore epicenter is supported by the occurrence of a local tsunami recorded by a tide gauge at the San Francisco Presidio; the wave had an amplitude of approximately 3 inches (7.6 cm) and an approximate period of 40–45 minutes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1906 San Francisco earthquake In April 1906, the tenor Enrico Caruso and members of the Metropolitan Opera Company came to San Francisco to give a series of performances at the Grand Opera House. The night after Caruso's performance in Carmen, the tenor was awakened in the early morning in his Palace Hotel suite by a strong jolt. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1906 San Francisco earthquake The insurance payments heavily affected the international financial system. Gold transfers from European insurance companies to policyholders in San Francisco led to a rise in interest rates, subsequently to a lack of available loans and finally to the Knickerbocker Trust Company crisis of October 1907 which led to the Panic of 1907. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1906 San Francisco earthquake San Francisco held a dedication ceremony at the airfield, officially named the Mills Field Municipal Airport of San Francisco, on May 7, 1927, on the 150-acre cow pasture. The land was leased from the Mills Estate in an agreement made with Ogden L. Mills who oversaw the large tracts of property originally acquired by his grandfather, the banker Darius O. Mills. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport The jet age arrived at SFO in March 1959 when TWA introduced Boeing 707-131s nonstop to New York Idlewild Airport (which was renamed JFK Airport in 1963). United then constructed a large maintenance facility at San Francisco for its new Douglas DC-8s, which were also flying nonstop to New York. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport Helicopters flew from SFO to downtown heliports in San Francisco and Oakland, to a new heliport near the Berkeley Marina and to Oakland Airport (OAK). In its timetable, SFO Helicopter Airlines, which was based at the airport, described its rotorcraft as "modern, jet turbine powered Sikorsky S-62 ten passenger amphibious helicopters". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport The costs turned out to be modest, and the post-construction interior sound level tests confirmed the predictions for noise abatement. To date over $153 million has been spent to insulate more than 15,000 homes in the neighboring cities of Daly City, Pacifica, San Bruno, and South San Francisco. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport SFO Museum was created in 1980 as a collaboration between the San Francisco Airport Commission and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco and was the first museum in an international airport. It was accredited by the American Association of Museums in 1999, and contains both permanent artwork and temporary exhibitions in more than 20 galleries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport It was accredited by the American Association of Museums in 1999, and contains both permanent artwork and temporary exhibitions in more than 20 galleries. The Aviation Museum and Library (officially, the San Francisco Airport Commission Aviation Library and Louis A. Turpen Aviation Museum) is located in the International Terminal, featuring a model of a DC-3. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport On April 20, 1953, Western Airlines Flight 366, a Douglas DC-6 on a scheduled evening crossbay flight to Oakland International Airport, crashed three minutes after departing SFO into San Francisco Bay. There were eight fatalities (4 crew, 4 passengers) of the 10 occupants on board. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco International Airport Driver: San Francisco is an action-adventure racing video game and the fifth installment in the Driver series. Developed by Ubisoft Reflections and published by Ubisoft, it was released in September 2011 for the PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows, with an edition for Mac OS X in March 2012. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Driver: San Francisco The storyline takes place after the events of Driver and before San Francisco, and focuses on Tanner's personal vengeance against Jericho: the mini-series was written by David Lapham and illustrated by Greg Scott. The first issue was released on August 2011 and a preview entitled The Pursuit of Nothingness was available on Comic-Con 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Driver: San Francisco Chest pain can be the result of multiple issues, including respiratory problems, digestive issues, and musculoskeletal complications. The pain can trigger cardiac issues as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Thorax In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $203.5 billion, and a GDP per capita of $230,829. The CSA San Francisco shares with San Jose and Oakland, with a GDP of $1.09 trillion as of 2019, is the country's third-largest urban economy, following New York City and Los Angeles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The CSA San Francisco shares with San Jose and Oakland, with a GDP of $1.09 trillion as of 2019, is the country's third-largest urban economy, following New York City and Los Angeles. Of the 105 primary statistical areas in the U.S. with over 500,000 residents, this CSA had the highest GDP per capita in 2019, at $112,348. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco's status as the West Coast's largest city peaked between 1870 and 1900, when around 25% of California's population resided in the city proper. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco With their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of great wealth was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Around 1901, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill, and a thriving arts scene. The first North American plague epidemic was the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904.At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and northern California. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The first North American plague epidemic was the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904.At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and northern California. As buildings collapsed from the shaking, ruptured gas lines ignited fires that spread across the city and burned out of control for several days. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Rebuilding was rapid and performed on a grand scale. Rejecting calls to completely remake the street grid, San Franciscans opted for speed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway, allowing the city to reclaim The Embarcadero as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the Hayes Valley neighborhood. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway, allowing the city to reclaim The Embarcadero as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the Hayes Valley neighborhood. Two recent decades have seen two booms driven by the internet industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Yet high technology and entrepreneurship remain mainstays of the San Francisco economy. By the mid-2000s (decade), the social media boom had begun, with San Francisco becoming a popular location for tech offices and a common place to live for people employed in Silicon Valley companies such as Apple and Google. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Twin Peaks, a pair of hills forming one of the city's highest points, forms an overlook spot. San Francisco's tallest hill, Mount Davidson, is 928 feet (283 m) high and is capped with a 103-foot (31 m) tall cross built in 1934. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco's tallest hill, Mount Davidson, is 928 feet (283 m) high and is capped with a 103-foot (31 m) tall cross built in 1934. Dominating this area is Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio and television transmission tower. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The San Andreas Fault caused the earthquakes in 1906 and 1989. Minor earthquakes occur on a regular basis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco New skyscrapers, live-work lofts, and condominiums dot the area. Further development is taking place just to the south in Mission Bay area, a former railroad yard, which now has a second campus of the University of California, San Francisco and Chase Center, which opened in 2019 as the new home of the Golden State Warriors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Located near the city's southern border, the Excelsior District is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in San Francisco. The predominantly African American Bayview-Hunters Point in the far southeast corner of the city is one of the poorest neighborhoods and suffers from a high rate of crime, though the area has been the focus of several revitalizing and controversial urban renewal projects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) characteristic of California's coast, with moist mild winters and dry summers. San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Above average rain years are often associated with warm El Niño conditions in the Pacific while dry years often occur in cold water La Niña periods. In 2013 (a "La Niña" year), a record low 5.59 in (142 mm) of rainfall was recorded at downtown San Francisco, where records have been kept since 1849. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco They claim territory from West Point to Middle Point in the Hunters Point projects. In 2004, a Westmob member fatally shot a SFPD officer and wounded his partner; he was sentenced to life without parole in 2007.Criminal gangs with shotcallers in China, including Triad groups such as the Wo Hop To, have been reported active in San Francisco. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bank of America, a pioneer in making banking services accessible to the middle class, was founded in San Francisco and in the 1960s, built the landmark modern skyscraper at 555 California Street for its corporate headquarters. Many large financial institutions, multinational banks, and venture capital firms are based in or have regional headquarters in the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Many large financial institutions, multinational banks, and venture capital firms are based in or have regional headquarters in the city. With over 30 international financial institutions, six Fortune 500 companies, and a large support infrastructure of professional services—including law, public relations, architecture and design—San Francisco is designated as an Alpha(-) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Technology jobs accounted for just 1 percent of San Francisco's economy in 1990, growing to 4 percent in 2010 and an estimated 8 percent by the end of 2013. San Francisco became a center of Internet start-up companies during the dot-com bubble of the 1990s and the subsequent social media boom of the late 2000s (decade). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Some of the most popular tourist attractions in San Francisco noted by the Travel Channel include the Golden Gate Bridge and Alamo Square Park, which is home to the famous "Painted Ladies". Both of these locations were often used as landscape shots for the hit American sitcom Full House. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the highest quality of living of any U.S. city. However, due to the exceptionally high cost of living, many of the city's middle and lower-class families have been leaving the city for the outer suburbs of the Bay Area, or for California's Central Valley. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The Democrats and to a lesser extent the Green Party have dominated city politics since the late 1970s, after the last serious Republican challenger for city office lost the 1975 mayoral election by a narrow margin. San Francisco has not voted more than 20% for a Republican presidential or senatorial candidate since 1988. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Starting with the founding of the Sierra Club in 1892 to the establishment of the non-profit Friends of the Urban Forest in 1981, San Francisco has been at the forefront of many global discussions regarding the environment. The 1980 San Francisco Recycling Program was one of the earliest curbside recycling programs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The Folsom Street Fair (FSF) is an annual BDSM and leather subculture street fair that is held in September, capping San Francisco's "Leather Pride Week". It started in 1984 and is California's third-largest single-day, outdoor spectator event and the world's largest leather event and showcase for BDSM products and culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Once covered in native grasses and sand dunes, the park was conceived in the 1860s and was created by the extensive planting of thousands of non-native trees and plants. The large park is rich with cultural and natural attractions such as the Conservatory of Flowers, Japanese Tea Garden and San Francisco Botanical Garden. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The large park is rich with cultural and natural attractions such as the Conservatory of Flowers, Japanese Tea Garden and San Francisco Botanical Garden. Lake Merced is a fresh-water lake surrounded by parkland and near the San Francisco Zoo, a city-owned park that houses more than 250 animal species, many of which are endangered. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Lake Merced is a fresh-water lake surrounded by parkland and near the San Francisco Zoo, a city-owned park that houses more than 250 animal species, many of which are endangered. The only park managed by the California State Park system located principally in San Francisco, Candlestick Point was the state's first urban recreation area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco is the first city in the U.S. to have a park within a 10-Minute Walk of every resident. It also ranks fifth in the U.S. for park access and quality in the 2018 ParkScore ranking of the top 100 park systems across the United States, according to the nonprofit Trust for Public Land. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Until decommissioning in the early 1990s, the city had major military installations at the Presidio, Treasure Island, and Hunters Point—a legacy still reflected in the annual celebration of Fleet Week. The State of California uses San Francisco as the home of the state supreme court and other state agencies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The University of California, San Francisco is the sole campus of the University of California system entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. It is ranked among the top five medical schools in the United States and operates the UCSF Medical Center, which ranks as the number one hospital in California and the number 5 in the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The school has approximately 30,000 students and awards undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees in more than 100 disciplines. The City College of San Francisco, with its main facility in the Ingleside district, is one of the largest two-year community colleges in the country. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Founded in 1855, the University of San Francisco, a private Jesuit university located on Lone Mountain, is the oldest institution of higher education in San Francisco and one of the oldest universities established west of the Mississippi River. Golden Gate University is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational university formed in 1901 and located in the Financial District. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The California College of the Arts, located north of Potrero Hill, has programs in architecture, fine arts, design, and writing. The San Francisco Conservatory of Music, the only independent music school on the West Coast, grants degrees in orchestral instruments, chamber music, composition, and conducting. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Public schools are run by the San Francisco Unified School District as well as the California State Board of Education for some charter schools. Lowell High School, the oldest public high school in the U.S. west of the Mississippi, and the smaller School of the Arts High School are two of San Francisco's magnet schools at the secondary level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Lowell High School, the oldest public high school in the U.S. west of the Mississippi, and the smaller School of the Arts High School are two of San Francisco's magnet schools at the secondary level. Public school students attend schools based on an assignment system rather than neighborhood proximity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco has nearly 300 preschool programs primarily operated by Head Start, San Francisco Unified School District, private for-profit, private non-profit and family child care providers. All 4-year-old children living in San Francisco are offered universal access to preschool through the Preschool for All program. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The San Francisco Examiner, once the cornerstone of William Randolph Hearst's media empire and the home of Ambrose Bierce, declined in circulation over the years and now takes the form of a free daily tabloid, under new ownership. Sing Tao Daily claims to be the largest of several Chinese language dailies that serve the Bay Area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Every weekday, more than 560,000 people travel on Muni's 69 bus routes and more than 140,000 customers ride the Muni Metro light rail system. 32% of San Francisco residents use public transportation for their daily commute to work, ranking it first on the West Coast and third overall in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco There are 1,088 miles of streets in San Francisco with 946 miles of these streets being surface streets, and 59 miles of freeways. Due to its unique geography, and the freeway revolts of the late 1950s,Interstate 80 begins at the approach to the Bay Bridge and is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Due to its unique geography, and the freeway revolts of the late 1950s,Interstate 80 begins at the approach to the Bay Bridge and is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. U.S. Route 101 connects to the western terminus of Interstate 80 and provides access to the south of the city along San Francisco Bay toward Silicon Valley. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco U.S. Route 101 connects to the western terminus of Interstate 80 and provides access to the south of the city along San Francisco Bay toward Silicon Valley. Northward, the routing for U.S. 101 uses arterial streets to connect to the Golden Gate Bridge, the only direct automobile link to Marin County and the North Bay. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Starting in June 2020, reports were received of a loud hum produced by the new railing slats, heard across the city when a strong west wind was blowing. State Route 1 also enters San Francisco from the north via the Golden Gate Bridge and bisects the city as the 19th Avenue arterial thoroughfare, joining with Interstate 280 at the city's southern border. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Interstate 280 continues south from San Francisco, and also turns to the east along the southern edge of the city, terminating just south of the Bay Bridge in the South of Market neighborhood. After the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, city leaders demolished the Embarcadero Freeway and a portion of the Central Freeway, converting them into street-level boulevards. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco In recent years, the city has installed better cycling infrastructure such as protected bike lanes and parking racks. Bay Wheels, previously named Bay Area Bike Share at inception, launched in August 2013 with 700 bikes in downtown San Francisco, selected cities in the East Bay, and San Jose. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Wheels, previously named Bay Area Bike Share at inception, launched in August 2013 with 700 bikes in downtown San Francisco, selected cities in the East Bay, and San Jose. The San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency and Bay Area Air Quality Management District are responsible for the operation with management provided by Motivate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco The San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency and Bay Area Air Quality Management District are responsible for the operation with management provided by Motivate. A major expansion started in 2017, along with a rebranding as Ford GoBike; the company received its current name in 2019. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco San Francisco has significantly higher rates of pedestrian and bicyclist traffic deaths than the United States on average. In 2013, 21 pedestrians were killed in vehicle collisions, the highest since 2001, which is 2.5 deaths per 100,000 population – 70% higher than the national average of 1.5.Cycling is becoming increasingly popular in the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Valentine's Day has only recently been celebrated as the day of love. The day of love was traditionally March 12, the Saint Gregory's day, or February 22, Saint Vincent's Day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day An estimated 15 million e-valentines were sent in 2010. Valentine's Day is considered by some to be a Hallmark holiday due to its commercialization. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day It is also common to see people perform "acts of appreciation" for their friends. In Guatemala it is known as Día del Cariño ('Affection Day'). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day This repression of public affections began to loosen in the 1990s. Valentine's Day celebrations did not catch on in India until around 1992. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day Despite these obstacles, Valentine's Day is becoming increasingly popular in India. Valentine's Day has been strongly criticized from a postcolonial perspective by intellectuals from the Indian left. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day Lebanese people celebrate Valentine's Day in a different way in every city. In Beirut, men take women out to dine and may buy them a gift. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day Many women are asked to marry on that day. In Sidon, Valentine's Day is celebrated with the whole family – it is more about family love than a couple's love. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day In Taiwan, traditional Qixi Festival, Valentine's Day and White Day are all celebrated. However, the situation is the reverse of Japan's. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day However, the situation is the reverse of Japan's. Men give gifts to women on Valentine's Day, and women return them on White Day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day In Finland, Valentine's Day is called ystävänpäivä, which means "Friend's Day". As the name indicates, this day is more about remembering friends, not significant others. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day Saint Valentine's Day was introduced to Poland together with the cult of Saint Valentine via Bavaria and Tyrol. However, it rose in popularity only in the 1990s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Valentine's Day During the early years of California's statehood, state legislative business rotated between three locations in the Bay Area before a permanent state capital was established in Sacramento. A major earthquake leveled the city of San Francisco and environs in 1906, but the region quickly rebuilt in time to host the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exposition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area By the end of 1849, news had spread across the world and newcomers flooded into the Bay Area at a rate of one thousand per week on their way to California's interior, including the first large influx of Chinese immigrants to the U.S. The rush was so great that vessels were abandoned by the hundreds in San Francisco's ports as crews rushed to the goldfields. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area In the early morning of April 18, 1906, a large earthquake with an epicenter near the city of San Francisco hit the region. Immediate casualty estimates by the U.S. Army's relief operations were 498 deaths in San Francisco, 64 deaths in Santa Rosa, and 102 in or near San Jose, for a total of about 700. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Immediate casualty estimates by the U.S. Army's relief operations were 498 deaths in San Francisco, 64 deaths in Santa Rosa, and 102 in or near San Jose, for a total of about 700. More recent studies estimate the total death count to be over 3,000, with over 28,000 buildings destroyed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area In the years immediately following the war, the Bay Area saw a huge wave of immigration as populations increased across the region. Between 1950 and 1960, San Francisco welcomed over 100,000 new residents, inland suburbs in the East Bay saw their populations double, Daly City's population quadrupled, and Santa Clara's population quintupled. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Even so, the Bay Area's technology industry continued to expand and growth in Silicon Valley accelerated that the United States Census confirmed that year that San Jose had overtaken San Francisco in terms of population. The commercialization of the Internet in the middle of the decade rapidly created a speculative bubble in the high-tech economy known as the dot-com bubble. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area was a hub of the Abstract Expressionism movement of painting. It is associated with the works of Clyfford Still, who began teaching at the California School of Fine Arts (now the San Francisco Art Institute) in 1946, leaving a lasting impact on the artistic styles of Bay Area painters up to the present day. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area By the 1970s, San Francisco had developed a vibrant jazz scene, earning the moniker, "Harlem of the West". The Vietnam War was being fought at the time, and Bay Area bands such as Creedence Clearwater Revival of El Cerrito became known for their political and socially-conscious lyrics against the conflict. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. Non-English-language newspapers include several Chinese-language papers such as Sing Tao Daily, the largest in the Bay Area by circulation, and El Mundo, a free Spanish-language weekly distributed by the Mercury News. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area The Bay Area has an ideal climate for outdoor recreation, such that activities like hiking and cycling are popular among locals. There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of bicycle paths, lanes and bike routes just within San Francisco, and the Embarcadero and Marina Green are favored sites for skateboarding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of bicycle paths, lanes and bike routes just within San Francisco, and the Embarcadero and Marina Green are favored sites for skateboarding. Extensive public tennis facilities are available in Golden Gate Park and Dolores Park, as well as at smaller neighborhood courts throughout the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Extensive public tennis facilities are available in Golden Gate Park and Dolores Park, as well as at smaller neighborhood courts throughout the city. San Francisco residents have often ranked among the fittest in the U.S. Boating, sailing, windsurfing and kitesurfing are among the popular activities on San Francisco Bay, and the city maintains a yacht harbor in the Marina District. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Mexican Americans make up the largest share of Hispanic residents in Napa county, while Central Americans make up the largest share in San Francisco, many of whom live in the Mission District which is home to many residents of Salvadoran and Guatemalan descent. The Asian-American population in the Bay Area is one of the largest in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Asian Americans also constitute a majority in Cupertino, Fremont, Milpitas, Union City and significant populations in Dublin, Foster City, Hercules, Millbrae, San Ramon, Saratoga, Sunnyvale and Santa Clara. The cities of San Jose and San Francisco had the third and fourth most Asian-American residents in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area The African-American population of San Francisco was formerly substantial, had a thriving jazz scene and was known as "Harlem of the West. " While black residents formed one-seventh of the city's population in 1970, today they have mostly moved to parts of the East Bay and North Bay, including Antioch, Fairfield and out of the Bay Area entirely. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Roughly 87.4% of Bay Area residents have attained a high school degree or higher, while 46% of adults in the Bay Area have earned a post-secondary degree or higher. The Bay Area is one of the wealthiest regions in the United States, due, primarily, to the economic power engines of San Jose, San Francisco, and Oakland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Vallejo came in second, at 8.7 incidents per thousand people, while San Pablo, Antioch, and San Francisco rounded out the top five. East Palo Alto, which used to have the Bay Area's highest murder rate, saw violent crime incidents drop 65% between 2013 and 2014, while Oakland saw violent crime incidents drop 15%. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Several street gangs operate in the Bay Area, including the Sureños and Norteños in San Francisco's Mission District. African-American street gangs familiar in other cities, including the Crips, have struggled to establish footholds in the city, although gangs with shotcallers in China, including Triad groups such as the Wo Hop To, have been reported active. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco is home to the region's financial industry, tourism, and is host to numerous conventions. The East Bay, centered around Oakland, is home to heavy industry, metalworking, oil, and shipping, while San Jose is the heart of Silicon Valley where a major pole of economic activity around the technology industry resides. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area In the North Bay, Napa and Sonoma counties are known for their famous wineries, including Fantesca Estate & Winery, Domaine Chandon California, and D'Agostini Winery. Despite the San Francisco Bay Area's booming industries contributing to the aforementioned economic growth, there is a significant level of poverty in the region. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Additionally, San Francisco was revealed to have the most unsheltered homeless people in the country. Because of the high cost of housing, many workers in the Bay Area live far from their place of employment, contributing to one of the highest percentages of extreme commuters in the United States, or commutes that take over ninety minutes in one direction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area In addition, many Bay Area counties and the city of San Francisco operate "special service schools" that are geared towards providing education to students with handicaps or special needs. An alternative public educational setting is offered by charter schools, which may be established with a renewable charter of up to five years by third parties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Due to the Bay Area's diverse topography, the result of the clashing tectonic plates, the region is home to numerous microclimates that lead to pronounced differences in climate and temperature over short distances. Within the city of San Francisco, natural and artificial topographical features direct the movement of wind and fog, resulting in startlingly varied climates between city blocks. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Along the San Francisco peninsula, gaps in the Santa Cruz Mountains, one south of San Bruno Mountain and another in Crystal Springs, allow oceanic weather into the interior and causing a cooling effect for cities along the Peninsula and even as far south as San Jose. This weather pattern is also the source for delays at San Francisco International Airport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Other once absent species that have returned to the Bay Area include Swainson’s hawk, white tailed kite, and the osprey. In 1927, zoologist Joseph Grinnell wrote that osprey were only rare visitors to the San Francisco Bay Area, although he noted records of one or two used nests in the broken tops of redwood trees along the Russian River. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Prior to the introduction of European agricultural methods, the shores of San Francisco Bay consisted mostly of tidal marshes. Today, the bay has been significantly altered heavily re-engineered to accommodate the needs of water delivery, shipping, agriculture, and urban development, with side effects including the loss of wetlands and the introduction of contaminants and invasive species. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area There are over two dozen public transit agencies in the Bay Area with overlapping service areas that utilize different modes, with designated connection points between the various operators. Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), a heavy rail/metro system, operates in five counties and connects San Francisco and Oakland via an underwater tube. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area In addition, Amtrak provides frequent commuter service between San Jose and the East Bay with Sacramento, and long-distance service to other parts of the United States. Muni Metro operates a hybrid streetcar/subway system within the city of San Francisco, and VTA operates a light rail system in Santa Clara County. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area Muni Metro operates a hybrid streetcar/subway system within the city of San Francisco, and VTA operates a light rail system in Santa Clara County. These rail systems are supplemented by numerous bus agencies and transbay ferries such as Golden Gate Ferry and the San Francisco Bay Ferry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area These rail systems are supplemented by numerous bus agencies and transbay ferries such as Golden Gate Ferry and the San Francisco Bay Ferry. Most of these agencies accept the Clipper Card, a reloadable contactless smart card, as a universal electronic payment system. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Area If Day was successful enough to spark imitations in other communities. The US government contacted the organizing committee for details of the event. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) If Day They compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) West division. The team plays its home games at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California, located 38 miles (61 km) southeast of San Francisco in the heart of Silicon Valley. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers Playing in San Francisco did not revive Plunkett's career as he had another disappointing season, throwing only 9 touchdown passes. Bright spots for the 49ers included defensive linemen Tommy Hart and Cleveland Elam, who made the Pro Bowl, and running backs Wilbur Jackson and Delvin Williams, who combined for over 1,600 yards rushing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers The 49ers finished the 1993 season, the team's first without Joe Montana on the roster, with a 10–6 record and no. 2 seed in the playoffs. San Francisco defeated the New York Giants 44–3 in the divisional playoff game, but lost to the Dallas Cowboys 38–21 in the NFC championship at Texas Stadium. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers After two weeks of rumors around Alabama QB Mac Jones the 49ers number 1 choice, the San Francisco 49ers chose QB Trey Lance from North Dakota State University. Trey Lance will be the backup QB for starter Jimmy Garoppolo for the 2021-2022 season. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers The San Francisco 49ers have three rivals within their division: the Los Angeles Rams, the Arizona Cardinals, and the Seattle Seahawks. They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season games in the past, most notably the Dallas Cowboys, New York Giants, and Green Bay Packers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers Recently, there has been much bad blood between these two teams' players; an example of this is a Twitter "battle" between Darnell Dockett of the Arizona Cardinals and Vernon Davis of the San Francisco 49ers. Another clash was when Early Doucet of the Cardinals and Dashon Goldson of the Niners threw punches at each other. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers The 1981 NFC championship game in San Francisco, which saw the 49ers' Joe Montana complete a game-winning pass to Dwight Clark in the final minute (now known as The Catch), is one of the most famous games in NFL history. The rivalry became even more intense during the 1992–1994 seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco 49ers Fatigue and bone pain are the most common symptoms at presentation. The CRAB criteria encompass the most common signs of multiple myeloma: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma Mott cells, containing multiple clustered cytoplasmic droplets or other inclusions (sometimes confused with auer rods, commonly seen in myeloid blasts) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma Stem cell transplant can be used to treat multiple myeloma. Stem cell transplants come with a risk of a graft-versus-host-disease. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma Globally, multiple myeloma affected 488,000 people and resulted in 101,100 deaths in 2015. This is up from 49,000 in 1990. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma Multiple myeloma has been diagnosed in dogs, cats, and horses. In dogs, multiple myeloma accounts for around 8% of all haemopoietic tumors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma In dogs, multiple myeloma accounts for around 8% of all haemopoietic tumors. Multiple myeloma occurs in older dogs, and is not particularly associated with either males or females. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Multiple myeloma In 2008, Yahoo! Movies listed The Day After Tomorrow as one of its top-10 scientifically inaccurate films. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Day After Tomorrow As of 2017, the mayor is paid an annual salary of $342,974, the highest mayoral salary in the United States. Nine city public employees earned higher salaries than the mayor, including the chief investment officer and the managing director of the San Francisco Employees' Retirement System, who oversee the city's pension plan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mayor of San Francisco JaSkel is a Java-based skeleton framework providing skeletons such as farm, pipe and heartbeat. Skeletons are specialized using inheritance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton Programmers use an extension of C++ to write their skeleton applications1 . The code is then passed through a Perl script which expands the code to pure C++ where skeletons are specialized through inheritance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton An extension of PAS labeled as SuperPas and later as EPAS addresses skeleton extensibility concerns. With the EPAS tool, new skeletons can be added to PAS. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton Thus, Skil transforms polymorphic high order functions into monomorphic first order C functions. Skil does not support nestable composition of skeletons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton A program could have more than one implementation, each using a combination of different skeletons. Furthermore, each skeleton could have different parallel implementations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton Inside the programming language, skeletons have been provided either as language constructs or libraries. Providing skeletons as language construct implies the development of a custom domain specific language and its compiler. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Algorithmic skeleton In the morning, a pontifical Mass is celebrated in the cathedral, and, in the afternoon, the procession takes place. Clergy carry the relic on their shoulders, guarded by the brotherhood. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Procession of the Holy Blood The first recorded European discovery of San Francisco Bay was on November 4, 1769, when Spanish explorer Gaspar de Portolá, unable to find the Port of Monterey, continued north close to what is now Pacifica and reached the summit of the 1,200-foot-high (370 m) Sweeney Ridge, now marked as the place where he first sighted San Francisco Bay. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Ayala continued to explore the Bay area and the expedition's cartographer, José de Cañizares, gathered the information necessary to produce the first map of the San Francisco Bay Area. A number of place names survive (anglicized) from that first map, including Point Reyes, Angel Island, Farallon Islands and Alcatraz Island. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay During the California Gold Rush (1848–1855), San Francisco Bay suddenly became one of the world's great seaports, dominating shipping in the American West until the last years of the 19th century. The bay's regional importance increased further when the First Transcontinental Railroad was connected to its western terminus at Alameda on September 6, 1869. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay The first automobile crossing was the Dumbarton Bridge, completed in January 1927. More crossings were later constructed – the Carquinez Bridge in May 1927, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge in 1936, the Golden Gate Bridge in 1937, the Richmond–San Rafael Bridge in 1956, and the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge in 1967. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay The few remaining salt marshes now represent most of California's remaining salt marsh, supporting a number of endangered species and providing key ecosystem services such as filtering pollutants and sediments from the rivers. San Francisco Bay is recognized for protection by the California Bays and Estuaries Policy, with oversight provided by the San Francisco Estuary Partnership. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay San Francisco Bay provided the nation's first wildlife refuge, Oakland's artificial Lake Merritt, constructed in the 1860s, and America's first urban National Wildlife Refuge, the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (SFBNWR) in 1972. The Bay is also plagued by non-native species. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay Pacific harbor porpoise range from Point Conception, California to Alaska and across to the Kamchatka Peninsula and Japan. Recent genetic studies show that there is a local stock from San Francisco to the Russian River and that eastern Pacific coastal populations rarely migrate far, unlike western Atlantic Harbor porpoise. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay In the decades surrounding 1900, at the behest of local political officials and following Congressional orders, the U.S. Army Corps began dredging the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and the deep channels of San Francisco Bay. This work has continued without interruption ever since an enormous federal subsidy to San Francisco Bay shipping. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay The Golden Gate Bridge on U.S. Route 101/State Route 1 (US 101/SR 1) was the largest single span suspension bridge ever built at the time of its 1937 construction. It spans the Golden Gate, the strait between San Francisco and Marin County, and is the only bridge in the area not owned by the State of California. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Bay The Tenderloin is a neighborhood in downtown San Francisco, in the flatlands on the southern slope of Nob Hill, situated between the Union Square shopping district to the northeast and the Civic Center office district to the southwest. It encompasses about 50 square blocks, and is a large wedge/triangle in shape (point faces East). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tenderloin, San Francisco As a response to police harassment, S.F. bar owners formed the San Francisco Tavern Guild. A study into prostitution in the Tenderloin found that while trans women face discrimination from certain professions and their sexual partners, sex workers in the Tenderloin area were adept at overcoming some such difficulties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tenderloin, San Francisco Alternative theaters in the Tenderloin include EXIT Theatre, which operates four storefront theaters and produces the San Francisco Fringe Festival, the New Conservatory Theater, the Phoenix Theater, CounterPulse, PianoFight, the New Music Center and others. Alternate galleries include The Luggage Store, the 509 Cultural Center, and others. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tenderloin, San Francisco The Tenderloin is a high-crime neighborhood, particularly violent street crime such as robbery and aggravated assault. Seven of the top 10 violent crime plots (out of 665 in the entire city as measured by the San Francisco Police Department) are adjacent plots in the Tenderloin and Sixth and Market area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tenderloin, San Francisco Seven of the top 10 violent crime plots (out of 665 in the entire city as measured by the San Francisco Police Department) are adjacent plots in the Tenderloin and Sixth and Market area. The neighborhood was considered to be the origin of a notorious Bahala Na Gang (BNG) imported from the Philippines. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tenderloin, San Francisco A salute of one gun for each state in the United States, called a "salute to the union," is fired on Independence Day at noon by any capable military base. New York City has the largest fireworks display in the country sponsored by Macy's, with more than 22 tons of pyrotechnics exploded in 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Independence Day (United States) In Portuguese tradition there exists tales about one's double that take part in this procession. There are also tales about incomplete baptized individuals that join this cursed retinue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Procession of the dead ‘Forks’ are similar to ‘maps’ but they use a different operation for certain data types. This is known as multiple data parallelism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skeleton (computer programming) ‘Farms’ are known as a group of tasks, a worker, or as a master or slave of another function. It completes the given tasks by replicating the tasks over multiple threads and running these concurrently. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skeleton (computer programming) It completes the given tasks by replicating the tasks over multiple threads and running these concurrently. This divides the load for a specific thread, effectively creating a master / slave relationship between the threads. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skeleton (computer programming) The algorithm’s given problem can be a “family of problems”. There are two main types of these skeletons, ‘divide and conquer’ or ‘brand and bound’. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skeleton (computer programming) Thus, the Spirit is said to be "sent" by the Son from the Father both as to an eternal procession and a temporal mission. "The sending of the Spirit is that procession by which It proceeds from the Father and the Son. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Filioque It holds that the Father, as the "principle without principle", is the first origin of the Spirit, but also that he, as Father of the only Son, is with the Son the single principle from which the Spirit proceeds. It also holds that the procession of the Holy Spirit can be expressed as "from the Father through the Son". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Filioque Green Day's seventh album, a rock opera called American Idiot (2004), found popularity with a younger generation, selling six million copies in the U.S. Their next album, 21st Century Breakdown, was released in 2009 and achieved the band's best chart performance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day The band adopted the name Green Day, due to the members' fondness for cannabis. Armstrong once admitted in 2001 that he considered it to be "the worst band name in the world". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day In 2000, Green Day released its sixth studio album Warning. In support of the album, the band participated in the Warped Tour in 2000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day Green Day has cited Operation Ivy as a big influence. In August 1996, Billie Joe Armstrong told Guitar World he "can remember a few different instances" of when he first discovered punk rock: "There were these two guys who introduced me to things like D.O.A. and the Dead Kennedys. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day Although Green Day has been compared to the Buzzcocks, the Ramones and the Clash, Mike Dirnt said he had never heard the Buzzcocks when Green Day began. Dirnt said: "First off, you can't sound like any of those bands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day Cohen, Johnathan (2004). "Green Day's 'Idiot' Fueling Banner Year". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Green Day On April 15, 1958, the Giants played their first game in San Francisco, defeating the former Brooklyn and now Los Angeles Dodgers, 8–0. The Giants played for two seasons at Seals Stadium (from 1931-1957, the stadium was the home of the PCL's San Francisco Seals) before moving to Candlestick Park in 1960. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Giants As of the end of the 2020 baseball season, the Los Angeles Dodgers lead the San Francisco Giants in California World Series triumphs, 6-3, whereas in 20th-century New York, the Giants led the Dodgers in World Series championships, 5–1. The combined franchise histories give the Giants an 8-7 edge in MLB championships, overall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) San Francisco Giants Amputations or other injuries may result in the loss of bones. Complete bone fractures may split one bone into multiple pieces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of bones of the human skeleton In order to investigate if there is an evidence of growth and development on the skeletons, the evolving pattern and fusion of ossification centers can be used to determine that the skeletons are developed. Thus, this means the skeletons are proven to be entering the stage of maturation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Skeletonization
25265.	Q: Are both logos stippled on both the Spalding basketball and the Nivia basketball? Title = Spalding Basketball Description = Title = Nivia Basketball, Top Grip, BB-195, Jan2017 Description = A: No. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Fila (company), Nike, Inc., James Naismith, Basketball, Air Jordan, Nivia Sports, King & Spalding, Adidas, National Basketball Association, William G. Morgan, History of basketball, Basketball (ball), Wilson Sporting Goods, United Basketball Alliance of India, Champion (sportswear), Spalding (company), Cosco (India) Limited, Lotto Sport Italia, Spalding Athletic Library Toggle details	The basketball made by Nivia also got certification from the International Basketball Federation. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Nivia Sports Mahan then said, "Why not call it basketball?" --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Basketball In 2005, Rajesh Kharabanda was appointed as the Managing Director. The basketball made by Nivia also got certification from the International Basketball Federation. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Nivia Sports Nivia makes handmade balls. The basketball initially goes to a machine where a rubber blob squeezed to flatten it to a thinner size and giving it a round shape. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Nivia Sports After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed very quickly. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of basketball The style of basketball has evolved over time as well. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of basketball Spalding worked with Dr. James Naismith to develop the official basketball and the Spalding Athletic Library official basketball rule book for 1893-1894. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) James Naismith I blew a whistle, and the first game of basketball began. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) James Naismith By 1893, basketball was introduced internationally by the YMCA movement. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) James Naismith Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Basketball The brand Nivia was registered in 1962.The company launched a full range of hand stitched leather balls for the games of football, volleyball and basketball. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Nivia Sports A basketball was too heavy while the basketball bladder was too light. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) William G. Morgan A basketball was too heavy while the basketball bladder was too light. After testing all of the balls he had available, he had come to the conclusion that his best option was to ask A.G. Spalding & Bros. to make him a ball. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) William G. Morgan A basketball is a spherical ball used in basketball games. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Basketball (ball) A molded version of the early basketball was invented in 1942. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Basketball (ball) Both practices are obsolete in the rules of modern basketball. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) James Naismith The sport is like a combination of polo, rugby, and basketball. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Basketball Variations of basketball with their own page or subsection include: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Basketball Spin-offs from basketball that are now separate sports include: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Basketball The shoe was said to be stiff and that the shroud/gaiter could easily fall off when playing basketball. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Air Jordan This marked the brand's first venture into a sport besides basketball. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Air Jordan Morgan was very pleased with Spalding & Bros. work. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) William G. Morgan First, he had to decide which ball to use. A basketball was too heavy while the basketball bladder was too light. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) William G. Morgan After basketball became established in American colleges, the professional game followed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball In 1894 the soccer ball was replaced by a ball Naismith contracted Spalding to make. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball By 1900 the game of basketball had spread to colleges across the country . --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball The NBA has helped popularize basketball in other parts of the world. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball Another player who revolutionized the game of basketball was LeBron James. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball FIBA carried out actions to further develop the rules of international basketball. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of basketball Wheels bearing the Spalding name are known to have been manufactured through to at least 1986. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spalding (company) A. G. Spalding created the Spalding (company) in 1876. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spalding Athletic Library 1902 William Elmer and Spalding issued "Boxing". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Spalding Athletic Library All proceeds of the event go to youth basketball programs in the area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) James Naismith Worldwide, basketball tournaments are held for boys and girls of all age levels. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Basketball Popular unicycle basketball games are organized in North America. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Basketball Nivia Sports manufactures and markets sports products, sports wear, bags and accessories used for training and competition for sports including football, volleyball, basketball, handball, cricket, running, fitness etc. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nivia Sports During the 1980s, Nivia Sports started manufacturing sports footwear in India. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nivia Sports Nivia Sports produces sports accessories such as kits or bags, tracksuits, shorts, lowers, shocks, and windcheaters for use in cricket, football, basketball, and volleyball. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nivia Sports The brand Nivia was registered in 1962.The company launched a full range of hand stitched leather balls for the games of football, volleyball and basketball. In 1991, Rajesh Kharabanda, son of Vijay Kharabanda, joined the company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Nivia Sports It is the premier men's professional basketball league in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Basketball Association Someone proposed to call it "Naismith Game", but he suggested "We have a ball and a basket: why don’t we call it basketball?" --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of basketball Together with the troops, there were hundreds of physical education teachers who knew basketball. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of basketball These tours helped to popularize basketball internationally, and gave the Globetrotters the reputation as basketball's goodwill ambassadors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of basketball The Dream Team influenced the development and future of international basketball. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of basketball Who both accepted the proposal to attend a basketball game in the capacity of special guests. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Basketball Alliance of India Spalding developed its first basketball in 1894 based on the design of a baseball, and is currently a leading producer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spalding (company) Spalding has sold sports equipment from late 1876 to present. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Spalding Athletic Library In contrast to modern basketball, the original rules did not include what is known today as the dribble. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) James Naismith In North America, basketball has produced some of the most-admired athletes of the 20th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) James Naismith The hall of fame has people who have accomplished many goals in their career in basketball. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball Women's basketball development was more structured than that for men in the early years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball An earlier version of basketball, played primarily by women and girls, was Six-on-six basketball. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball Ringball, a traditional South African sport that stems from basketball, has been played since 1907. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball College and university basketball played in educational institutions of higher learning. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball This includes National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) intercollegiate basketball. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball Deaf basketball - One of several deaf sports, deaf basketball relies on signing for communication. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball Fantasy basketball was popularized during the 1990s by ESPN Fantasy Sports, NBA.com, and Yahoo! --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball Mahan suggested that it be called "Naismith ball", at which he laughed, saying that a name like that would kill any game. Mahan then said, "Why not call it basketball?" --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball The act of checking the ball has the further advantage of slowing down the ball so the rebound doesn't go as far. The size of the basketball is also regulated. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Basketball As he worked as the Director of Physical Education at the YMCA in Holyoke, he noticed that the game of basketball was not meant for everyone to play. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) William G. Morgan In 1900, Spalding started to produce a special ball, which was designed specifically for the sport – A volleyball. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) William G. Morgan During World War I, the American Expeditionary Force took basketball wherever it went. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball His play and presence in the NBA brought attention to basketball in Asian countries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball In 1910 Howard University’s first varsity basketball team began. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball At the beginning of the 1936 Olympic games, approximately 10,000 individuals came to watch basketball. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball International basketball games were stopped as a result of World War II. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball Rising basketball player, Bill Russell, was given an invitation to meet with President Eisenhower. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball He would have played in 20 seasons by then. Another player who revolutionized the game of basketball was LeBron James. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of basketball Spalding is an American sports equipment manufacturing company founded by Albert Spalding in Chicago, in 1876, although is now headquartered in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Spalding currently focuses on basketball, mainly producing balls but also commercializing hoops, rims, nets and ball pump needles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spalding (company) May 1894 Spalding issued “Rowing” by E J Giannini. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Spalding Athletic Library The material that is produced is then used to help create sports surfaces such as basketball courts, running tracks, and playgrounds. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nike, Inc. Nike claims this is the first performance basketball shoe that has been created from manufacturing waste, but it only produced 5,000 pairs for sale. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nike, Inc. After moving to the United States, he wrote the original basketball rule book and founded the University of Kansas basketball program. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith Seven years after inventing basketball, Naismith received his medical degree in Denver in 1898. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith Naismith was not initially hired to coach basketball, but rather as a chapel director and physical-education instructor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith When Allen became a coach himself and told him that he was going to coach basketball at Baker University in 1904, Naismith discouraged him: "You can't coach basketball; you just play it." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith However, basketball became a demonstration sport at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith In 1898, Naismith became the first basketball coach of University of Kansas also known as the first basketball coach in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith The family of Lambert G. Will, disputing Naismith's sole creation of the game, has claimed that Dr. Naismith borrowed components for the game of basketball from Will, citing alleged photos and letters. Spalding worked with Dr. James Naismith to develop the official basketball and the Spalding Athletic Library official basketball rule book for 1893-1894. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) James Naismith Today virtually every high school in the United States fields a basketball team in varsity competition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball By the 1950s, basketball had become a major college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball In 1959, a basketball hall of fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts, site of the first game. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Men's basketball was first included at the Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics, although a demonstration tournament was held in 1904. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball The NBL is Australia's pre-eminent men's professional basketball league. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball The International Women's Sports Federation (1924) included a women's basketball competition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball 37 women's high school varsity basketball or state tournaments were held by 1925. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball During the early years of basketball's evolution, two guards, two forwards, and one center were used. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball The objective of rebounding is to successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Variations of basketball are activities based on the game of basketball, using common basketball skills and equipment (primarily the ball and basket). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball There is even a form played on donkeys known as Donkey basketball, which has attracted criticism from animal rights groups. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Half-court basketball is usually played 1-on-1, 2-on-2 or 3-on-3. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Dunk Hoops is a variation played on basketball hoops with lowered (under basketball regulation 10 feet) rims. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Unicycle basketball is played using a regulation basketball on a regular basketball court with the same rules, for example, one must dribble the ball while riding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Also popular are the basketball camps organized for various occasions, often to get prepared for basketball events, and basketball clinics for improving skills. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball Mahan then said, "Why not call it basketball?" Naismith replied, "We have a basket and a ball, and it seems to me that would be a good name for it." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball The success of the Air Jordan I encouraged Nike to release a new Air Jordan in 1986 for the new basketball season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Air Jordan When the shoe launched, Michael Jordan (retired from basketball by then) was with the Birmingham Barons in baseball's minor baseball leagues. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Air Jordan The pack represented Jordan's passions, the old love being basketball the new love being motorcycle racing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Air Jordan The basketball initially goes to a machine where a rubber blob squeezed to flatten it to a thinner size and giving it a round shape. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nivia Sports CNNMoney showed the making of basketballs in Nivia's factory at Jalandhar (Punjab), India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nivia Sports During the 1980s, Nivia Sports started manufacturing sports footwear in India. Through the years, the company added footwear for use in other games such as cricket, football, basketball, volleyball, badminton, tennis, kabaddi, wrestling, and track & field. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Nivia Sports In February 2020, King & Spalding was named to the WTR1000 list by World Trademark Review. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) King & Spalding In the 1800s, the King & Spalding firm incorporated and filed the charter documents of the Piedmont Driving Club. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) King & Spalding Adidas drew about even with Converse in basketball by the mid 1970s before both started to fall behind then-upstart Nike in the early 1980s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Adidas The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Basketball Association Morgan then had to think of a game in which everyone would have an equal amount of participation but also had similar objectives to basketball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) William G. Morgan After testing all of the balls he had available, he had come to the conclusion that his best option was to ask A.G. Spalding & Bros. to make him a ball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) William G. Morgan The objective of the game was to throw the basketball into the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym balcony. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The first public basketball game was played in Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the United States, Canada, and the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The greatest level of early basketball activity outside of YMCAs was seen in American colleges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball Its work was fundamental for the first inclusion of basketball in the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball Many rule changes have occurred since the inception of professional basketball that has altered the game to what we now recognize today. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball This was done to increase the speed of the game, by forcing the team with the basketball to shoot the ball before the 24-second timer is up. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball After his final championship and second retirement in 1998, there was a void as in who would be the face of basketball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The sport of basketball was first seen in the 1904 Olympics but was not part of the official program of events until 1936. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The quality of Olympic basketball and its regulations varied from the other parts of the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball With the second Olympic basketball competition in London, countries displayed higher averages than before. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball Following the events of the war, basketball grew in popularity among soldiers and spread to other countries of Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The United States ruled international basketball by winning all of the games up until the Munich Games in Germany in 1972. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The United States was handed their first loss in the games by the Soviet men's basketball team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball Another new game". Someone proposed to call it "Naismith Game", but he suggested "We have a ball and a basket: why don’t we call it basketball?" --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball The style of basketball has evolved over time as well. Basketball, especially in the 1990s and 2000s, used to give importance to big men. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of basketball Aside from the court and the baskets, the basketball is the only piece of equipment necessary to play the game of basketball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball (ball) A cloth lining was added to the leather for support and uniformity. A molded version of the early basketball was invented in 1942. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Basketball (ball) Wilson will return as NBA ball maker, replacing Spalding, after over 30 years of partnership with the league. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilson Sporting Goods Horner surface is widely use by the other majors basketball leagues such as NBA. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Basketball Alliance of India Champion was also the kit manufacturer of the Olympic basketball team that competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Champion (sportswear) Spalding currently focuses on basketball, mainly producing balls but also commercializing hoops, rims, nets and ball pump needles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding (company) Spalding Co purchased Wright & Ditson Co in 1892 and AJ Reach Co. in 1889. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding (company) Spalding developed its first basketball in 1894 based on the design of a baseball, and is currently a leading producer. Spalding was the official ball supplier to the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1983 to the 2019-20 season, when the league signed a partnership with Wilson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding (company) Tennis shoes signaled the beginning of production, followed by models for basketball, volleyball, athletics and football. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lotto Sport Italia Sports and exercise books (guide books and rule books) were produced by Spalding Athletic Library for numerous organizations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library Spalding worked with Dr. James Naismith to develop the official basketball and rule book in the 1893-1894. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library 1913 and 1917 Spalding issued, “Boxing: a guide to the Manly Art of Self Defense. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library Thomas Cahill (soccer) and others assisted on creating Spalding Official Soccer (Football) Guides. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library The Spalding Soccer (Football) guides were available from 1904-1905 to 1923-1924. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library Grantland Rice and Bobby Jones (golfer) teamed up for Spalding's Golf Guide 1932. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library The 1891 Spalding's Official Athletic Guide and Handbook was published by A. G. Spalding & Bros. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library Both companies were owned and founded by Spalding. Books cover over 30 different sports and exercises, and over 20 different organizations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Spalding Athletic Library In 2008, Nike introduced the Air Jordan XX3, a high-performance basketball shoe designed with the environment in mind. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nike, Inc. After the success of partnership with Jordan, which resulted in the creation of the unique Air Jordan brand, Nike has continued to build partnership with the biggest names in basketball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nike, Inc. Nike and its Jordan brand sponsored 85 men's and women's basketball teams in the NCAA tournament. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nike, Inc. Despite having coached his final season in 1907, Naismith remains the only coach in Kansas men's basketball history with a losing record. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) James Naismith After the Olympic introduction to men's basketball in 1936, women's basketball became an Olympic event in Montreal during the 1976 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) James Naismith Today basketball is played by more than 300 million people worldwide, making it one of the most popular team sports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) James Naismith Also following each "goal", a jump ball was taken in the middle of the court. Both practices are obsolete in the rules of modern basketball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) James Naismith When winter weather got too icy to play soccer, teams were taken indoors, and it was convenient to have them split in half and play basketball with five on each side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball In FIBA and NCAA women's basketball, a foul resulting in ejection is called a disqualifying foul, while in leagues other than the NBA, such a foul is referred to as flagrant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball It is also illegal under NBA and Men's NCAA basketball to block a shot after it has touched the backboard, or when any part of the ball is directly above the rim. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Some variations only have superficial rule changes, while others are distinct games with varying degrees of influence from basketball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Unicycle basketball is usually played using 24" or smaller unicycles, and using plastic pedals, both to preserve the court and the players' shins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Basketball as a social and communal sport features environments, rules and demographics different from those seen in professional and televised basketball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Basketball schools and academies, where students are trained in developing basketball fundamentals, undergo fitness and endurance exercises and learn various basketball skills. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Wheelchair basketball - A sport based on basketball but designed for disabled people in wheelchairs and considered one of the major disabled sports practiced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball There is a functional classification system that is used to help determine if the wheelchair basketball player classification system reflects the existing differences in the performance of elite female players. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Worldwide, basketball tournaments are held for boys and girls of all age levels. The global popularity of the sport is reflected in the nationalities represented in the NBA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Berenson's rules were first published in 1899, and two years later she became the editor of A. G. Spalding's first Women's Basketball Guide. Berenson's freshmen played the sophomore class in the first women's intercollegiate basketball game at Smith College, March 21, 1893. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball. During the early years of basketball's evolution, two guards, two forwards, and one center were used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Popular unicycle basketball games are organized in North America. Spin-offs from basketball that are now separate sports include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Basketball is played widely as an extracurricular, intramural or amateur sport in schools and colleges. Notable institutions of recreational basketball include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Gay basketball played in LGBTQIA+ communities. The sport is a major event during the Gay Games, World Outgames and EuroGames. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Basketball Air Jordan is an American brand of basketball shoes, athletic, casual, and style clothing produced by Nike. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan The Air Jordan VIII model became known as the "Punisher" because of the advanced basketball ankle support and enhanced traction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan There are 14 Jumpman logos on Air Jordan XIV's—7 on each shoe—corresponding the shoes' number in the series. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan When the shoe launched, Michael Jordan (retired from basketball by then) was with the Birmingham Barons in baseball's minor baseball leagues. Hatfield designed the sneaker waiting for Jordan to come back and hoping he would play in them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan There are 14 Jumpman logos on Air Jordan XIV's—7 on each shoe—corresponding the shoes' number in the series. They can be found in the following places: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan The first edition was released for Jordan's birthday on February 17. This edition featured authentic Jordan Brand basketball leather. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Air Jordan Nivia Sports was the first Indian sports equipment manufacturer to produce hand stitched balls, including footballs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nivia Sports In the 1950s, under Freewill Sports Pvt Ltd, Nivia Sports started manufacturing hand stitched leather footballs, basketballs, and volleyballs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nivia Sports In the 1960s the Nivia football received the approval of National Institute of Sports, Patiala, Punjab, India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nivia Sports From Mumbai it shifted to Meerut and finally settled down in Jalandhar, Punjab in 1950.In 1962, the son of founder Nihal Chand Kharabanda joined the family business. The brand Nivia was registered in 1962.The company launched a full range of hand stitched leather balls for the games of football, volleyball and basketball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nivia Sports King & Spalding personnel in Atlanta raised more than $930,000 in support of United Way in 2018. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) King & Spalding The same King & Spalding team represented the City of Atlanta in its winning bid to host Super Bowl LIII in 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) King & Spalding As it turned out, Trump won North Carolina, making further proceedings by King & Spalding on his behalf in the state moot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) King & Spalding In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA over their rules limiting the size and number of commercial logos on team uniforms and team clothing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adidas The company has been making NBA, NBDL, and WNBA jerseys and products as well as team-coloured versions of the "Superstar" basketball shoe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Adidas Manufactured by Spalding, the new ball featured a new design and new synthetic material that Spalding claimed offered a better grip, feel, and consistency than the original ball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Basketball Association Below is a short list of foreign players who have won NBA awards or have been otherwise recognized for their contributions to basketball, either currently or formerly active in the league: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Basketball Association Morgan then had to think of a game in which everyone would have an equal amount of participation but also had similar objectives to basketball. He wanted to create a game which everyone could play, no matter their age or physical ability. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) William G. Morgan By 1897 the U.S. Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) had taken over oversight of basketball activity from YMCA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball Only in 1906 were metal hoops, nets and backboards introduced. In 1894 the soccer ball was replaced by a ball Naismith contracted Spalding to make. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball Many rule changes have occurred since the inception of professional basketball that has altered the game to what we now recognize today. These rule changes did not occur all at once but instead evolved to suit the changing style of play. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball Then in 1954, the 24-second shot clock was introduced. This was done to increase the speed of the game, by forcing the team with the basketball to shoot the ball before the 24-second timer is up. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball The quality of Olympic basketball and its regulations varied from the other parts of the world. The equipment used for the game was not of the best quality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball FIBA carried out actions to further develop the rules of international basketball. A new style of play and tempo was adopted for future international games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball With the second Olympic basketball competition in London, countries displayed higher averages than before. The Soviets joined the 1952 Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of basketball Spalding is an American sports equipment manufacturing company founded by Albert Spalding in Chicago, in 1876, although is now headquartered in Bowling Green, Kentucky. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) The company was founded in 1876 when Albert Spalding was a pitcher and manager of a baseball team in Chicago, the Chicago White Stockings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) In 1892, Spalding acquired Wright & Ditson and A. J. Reach, both rival sporting goods companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) From the early 1930s through the mid-1940s, Spalding produced the official game pucks for the National Hockey League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) Horween Leather Company supplies leather to Spalding for indoor Arena Football League footballs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) and Spalding produced a mail order catalogue that provided a description, price and picture of their sports equipment, sports books, and exercise books. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding (company) Spalding created the Spalding Athletic Library in 1892. and founded the American Sports Publishing Company, incorporated in New Jersey in 1892. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library 1941, the American Sports Publishing Company (and Spalding Athletic Library) was sold to A.S. Barnes & Co. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library In 1941 A.S. Barnes & Co. took over publishing the NCAA sports rules and record books from Spalding. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library In 1918 Spalding issued a book, Army and Navy Camp YMCA Physical Work to support athletic activities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library Henry Chadwick, through the Spalding Athletic Library collection, added the "Technical Terms of Base Ball" in 1897. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library In 1917 Billy Evans "noted American League Umpire" teamed up with the Spalding Athletic Library for the book, "How to umpire". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library Arthur Farrell worked with Spalding on creating Ice Hockey Books 1901, 1905, 1906, and 1910. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library Editor was James E. Sullivan.1913 George Orton teamed up with Spalding for "Athletic Training for School Boys." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Spalding Athletic Library Seven years after inventing basketball, Naismith received his medical degree in Denver in 1898. He then arrived at the University of Kansas, later becoming the Kansas Jayhawks' athletic director and coach. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith Most of the fouls were called for running with the ball, though tackling the man with the ball was not uncommon." In contrast to modern basketball, the original rules did not include what is known today as the dribble. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith In contrast to modern basketball, the original rules did not include what is known today as the dribble. Since the ball could only be moved up the court by a pass early players tossed the ball over their heads as they ran up court. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith I showed them two peach baskets I'd nailed up at each end of the gym, and I told them the idea was to throw the ball into the opposing team's peach basket. I blew a whistle, and the first game of basketball began. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith By 1893, basketball was introduced internationally by the YMCA movement. From Springfield, Naismith went to Denver, where he acquired a medical degree, and in 1898, he joined the University of Kansas faculty at Lawrence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith When Allen became a coach himself and told him that he was going to coach basketball at Baker University in 1904, Naismith discouraged him: "You can't coach basketball; you just play it." Instead, Allen embarked on a coaching career that would lead him to be known as "the Father of Basketball Coaching". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith In 1898, Naismith became the first basketball coach of University of Kansas also known as the first basketball coach in the world. He compiled a record of 55–60 and is ironically the only losing coach in Kansas history. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith In North America, basketball has produced some of the most-admired athletes of the 20th century. ESPN and the Associated Press both conducted polls to name the greatest North American athlete of the 20th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) James Naismith When winter weather got too icy to play soccer, teams were taken indoors, and it was convenient to have them split in half and play basketball with five on each side. By 1897–1898 teams of five became standard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball Teams abounded throughout the 1920s. There were hundreds of men's professional basketball teams in towns and cities all over the United States, and little organization of the professional game. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball Men's basketball was first included at the Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics, although a demonstration tournament was held in 1904. The United States defeated Canada in the first final, played outdoors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball Horseball is a game played on horseback where a ball is handled and points are scored by shooting it through a high net (approximately 1.5m×1.5m). The sport is like a combination of polo, rugby, and basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball The sport is like a combination of polo, rugby, and basketball. There is even a form played on donkeys known as Donkey basketball, which has attracted criticism from animal rights groups. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball Ringball, a traditional South African sport that stems from basketball, has been played since 1907. The sport is now promoted in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, India, and Mauritius to establish Ringball as an international sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball College and university basketball played in educational institutions of higher learning. This includes National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) intercollegiate basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball The eighth model of the Air Jordan was noticeably heavier than its predecessors. The Air Jordan VIII model became known as the "Punisher" because of the advanced basketball ankle support and enhanced traction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Air Jordan This model was designed by Tinker Hatfield. When the shoe launched, Michael Jordan (retired from basketball by then) was with the Birmingham Barons in baseball's minor baseball leagues. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Air Jordan The shoe was said to be stiff and that the shroud/gaiter could easily fall off when playing basketball. The black/red and white/midnight navy versions of the shoe both featured patent leather which very easily creased and cracked. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Air Jordan This edition featured authentic Jordan Brand basketball leather. The second edition was the Omega model, part of the Alpha-Omega package. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Air Jordan The Old Love New Love package was sold for $200.00. The pack represented Jordan's passions, the old love being basketball the new love being motorcycle racing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Air Jordan The basketball initially goes to a machine where a rubber blob squeezed to flatten it to a thinner size and giving it a round shape. Then other stitching, painting works are done by hands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nivia Sports Then other stitching, painting works are done by hands. CNNMoney showed the making of basketballs in Nivia's factory at Jalandhar (Punjab), India. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Nivia Sports Morgan was very pleased with Spalding & Bros. work. They created Morgan the perfect ball for his sport, which was covered in leather, with the circumference of 25–27 inches. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) William G. Morgan The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world. After basketball became established in American colleges, the professional game followed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The objective of the game was to throw the basketball into the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gym balcony. Every time a point was scored, the game was halted so the janitor could bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The First World War broke out in 1914, and the U.S. Army started fighting in Europe in 1917. During World War I, the American Expeditionary Force took basketball wherever it went. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball During World War I, the American Expeditionary Force took basketball wherever it went. Together with the troops, there were hundreds of physical education teachers who knew basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Together with the troops, there were hundreds of physical education teachers who knew basketball. Naismith also spent two years with YMCA in France in that period. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed very quickly. In 1909 the first international match was held in Saint Petersburg: Mayak Saint Petersburg beat a YMCA American team. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball This was done to increase the speed of the game, by forcing the team with the basketball to shoot the ball before the 24-second timer is up. Finally, the NBA introduced the three-point line, in the 1979–1980 season. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The NBA has helped popularize basketball in other parts of the world. A large part of this is due to the transcendent stars that have played the game through the years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Players participated in the event under bad weather conditions. The quality of Olympic basketball and its regulations varied from the other parts of the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Two substitutions were given to teams and only seven athletes were to participate in the event. At the beginning of the 1936 Olympic games, approximately 10,000 individuals came to watch basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The 1936 basketball tournament gained the attention of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) and led them to the decision of revising the rules for the international game. FIBA carried out actions to further develop the rules of international basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The tournament created a rivalry between the United States and Soviet Russia. International basketball games were stopped as a result of World War II. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball International basketball games were stopped as a result of World War II. Following the events of the war, basketball grew in popularity among soldiers and spread to other countries of Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Following the events of the war, basketball grew in popularity among soldiers and spread to other countries of Europe. After the war countries prepared for the next set of events scheduled in 1956 in Melbourne, Australia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Rising basketball player, Bill Russell, was given an invitation to meet with President Eisenhower. The meeting set expectations that Bill Russell would participate in the upcoming Olympic games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball The United States ruled international basketball by winning all of the games up until the Munich Games in Germany in 1972. The 1972 Olympic Games represented 121 nations that included well over 7000 participants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Many turned to television to watch the games which were approximately 800 million. The United States was handed their first loss in the games by the Soviet men's basketball team. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball With their quality of talent, they had full control over the 1992 Olympic Games. The Dream Team influenced the development and future of international basketball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of basketball Aside from the court and the baskets, the basketball is the only piece of equipment necessary to play the game of basketball. During the game, the ball must be bounced continuously (dribbling), thrown through the air to other players (passing) or thrown towards the basket (shooting). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Basketball (ball) The main benefits of such surface is its aesthetic, durability, and transportability. Horner surface is widely use by the other majors basketball leagues such as NBA. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Basketball Alliance of India It has also produced sportswear for many major colleges. Champion was also the kit manufacturer of the Olympic basketball team that competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Champion (sportswear) Spalding currently focuses on basketball, mainly producing balls but also commercializing hoops, rims, nets and ball pump needles. Softballs are commercialized through its subsidiary Dudley Sports. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding (company) Spalding created the Spalding Athletic Library in 1892. and founded the American Sports Publishing Company, incorporated in New Jersey in 1892. American Sports Publishing Company used a New York address from 1892 to 1941. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding Athletic Library 1941, the American Sports Publishing Company (and Spalding Athletic Library) was sold to A.S. Barnes & Co. The books now sold under A.S. Barnes & Co. name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding Athletic Library Baseball Guide was available 1870s to 1941. The Baseball Guide was published by A. G. Spalding & Bros. 1870s to 1893, and Spalding Athletic Library from 1894 until 1941. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding Athletic Library The book also includes pictures and diagrams to assist with learning baseball. In 1917 Billy Evans "noted American League Umpire" teamed up with the Spalding Athletic Library for the book, "How to umpire". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding Athletic Library May 1894 Spalding issued “Rowing” by E J Giannini. It provided a complete manual, with illustrations and valuable advice. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Spalding Athletic Library
21389.	Q: In Christ Church Cathedral's south façade, is the stained glass window featuring the person with the red halo the right or the leftmost window? Title = Victoria, BC - Christ Church Cathedral - stained glass 07 - south facade (20447500159) Description = A: right Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Halo-halo, Chartres Cathedral, List of Halo media, Master Chief (Halo), Cologne Cathedral Window, Red vs. Blue, Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Halo 3, Saint Basil's Cathedral, Florence Cathedral, Salisbury Cathedral, Worcester Cathedral, Halo, Medieval stained glass, Stained glass, Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke, Halo Array, British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918), Sagrada Família, Louis Comfort Tiffany, Halo 2, English Gothic stained glass windows, Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral, Halo (franchise), St Paul's Cathedral, Siena Cathedral, French Gothic stained glass windows, Window, Halo: Combat Evolved, Christ Church, Oxford Toggle details	The Cologne Cathedral Window is the stained glass window in the south transept of the Cologne Cathedral designed by Cologne artist Gerhard Richter. --- (0.26, 0.0, 0.26) Cologne Cathedral Window He is commemorated in a stained glass window which contains his portrait. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Worcester Cathedral The right window, the Jesse Window, depicts the genealogy of Christ. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Chartres Cathedral In Scotland, which never manufactured its own stained glass but bought from the south, they lost much of their glass not because it was smashed but because the monasteries were disbanded. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In this context, the purpose of a stained glass window is not to allow those within a building to see the world outside or even primarily to admit light but rather to control it. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stained glass This brought about a great demand for the revival of the art of stained glass window making. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stained glass One of the most distinctive features of Chartres Cathedral is the stained glass, both for its quantity and quality. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chartres Cathedral These are the oldest windows in the cathedral. The right window, the Jesse Window, depicts the genealogy of Christ. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Chartres Cathedral Its official name is the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Mary the Virgin, of Worcester. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Worcester Cathedral These are the last product of the second Golden Age of stained glass window production. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In Scotland, which never manufactured its own stained glass but bought from the south, they lost much of their glass not because it was smashed but because the monasteries were disbanded. These monasteries had monks with skills in repairing. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Christ Church, Oxford Probably the earliest scheme of stained glass windows that was created during the Renaissance was that for Florence Cathedral, devised by Lorenzo Ghiberti. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stained glass His glass is distinguished by the finesse of its drawing and his use of rich colours, and an innovative integration of the window leading as part of the overall design, originally inspired by an early visit to see the stained glass of the Cathedral of Chartres. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke This was the ingredient the gave rise to the term "stained glass". The stain was applied on the outside face the window, while the details were painted on the inside. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) French Gothic stained glass windows A stained glass window is a window composed of pieces of colored glass, transparent, translucent or opaque, frequently portraying persons or scenes. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Window The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford The Three Kings are to her left, and the Apostles Savinien and Potentien to her right. The chapel also has a modern stained glass window, the Mary, Door to Heaven Window, made by Henri Guérin, made by cementing together thick slabs of stained glass. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Chartres Cathedral The Cologne Cathedral Window is the stained glass window in the south transept of the Cologne Cathedral designed by Cologne artist Gerhard Richter. On a surface of 106 square metres 11.263 glass squares in 72 colours of 9,6 cm × 9.6 cm were principally arranged randomly, with others selected in response to architectural context. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Cologne Cathedral Window It is the seat of the Bishop of Worcester. Its official name is the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Mary the Virgin, of Worcester. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Worcester Cathedral The last important addition is Prince Arthur’s Chantry Chapel to the right of the south choir aisle, 1502–04.Worcester Cathedral was extensively restored from 1857 to 1874 by W. A. Perkins and Sir George Gilbert Scott. Most of the fittings and the stained glass date from this time. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Worcester Cathedral The oldest surviving stained glass windows still in situ are thought to be the Prophet Windows in Augsburg Cathedral, of c. 1065. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Medieval stained glass In this context, the purpose of a stained glass window is not to allow those within a building to see the world outside or even primarily to admit light but rather to control it. For this reason stained glass windows have been described as "illuminated wall decorations". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stained glass His glass is distinguished by the finesse of its drawing and his use of rich colours, and an innovative integration of the window leading as part of the overall design, originally inspired by an early visit to see the stained glass of the Cathedral of Chartres. He was especially fond of deep blues. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke Stone-border – a thin border of glass, generally white or transparent but sometimes red, encircling a window light and giving a radiant effect. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The Gothic style in stained glass had first appeared in France in 1142, with the dedication of the stained glass windows in the ambulatory of the Basilica of Saint Denis. The earliest existing windows in the style in England are probably those at Canterbury Cathedral, including the Methuselah window in the choir clerestory. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) English Gothic stained glass windows The stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral are held to be one of the best-preserved and most complete set of medieval stained glass, notably celebrated for their colours, especially their cobalt blue. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The destruction of Reims Cathedral and its stained glass in 1914 caused shock across France and led to all Chartres' windows being taken out and stored throughout both world wars. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Duccio's large stained glass window, original to the building, was removed out of precaution during WWII for fear of shattering from bombs or fire. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Siena Cathedral In the south, in Clermont-Ferrand, window-makers continued to used small panes of glass of a single color, while in other cathedrals, such as Tours Cathedral, multiple colors appeared in the same pane. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) French Gothic stained glass windows The first stained glass window to portray its patron is at the Basilica of Saint Denis, where an image of the Abbot Suger is shown at the feet of Christ. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) French Gothic stained glass windows Another important change to French stained glass took place in the 14th century. This was a change in the narrative style of the window. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) French Gothic stained glass windows In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford The south transept rose (10.5 m diameter, made c.1225–30) is dedicated to Christ, who is shown in the central oculus, right hand raised in benediction, surrounded by adoring angels. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chartres Cathedral The chapel also has a modern stained glass window, the Mary, Door to Heaven Window, made by Henri Guérin, made by cementing together thick slabs of stained glass. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chartres Cathedral At the arcade level, each of the sub-bays contains an arrangement of stained glass with two lancet windows under a rose window. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The whole façade is dedicated to the Mother of Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Florence Cathedral Coventry Cathedral, England, mid-20th-century glass by various designers, the large baptistry window being by John Piper --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stained glass Some of the last windows, such as those by Abraham Van Linge at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, were simply like large paintings viewed through a grid of lead lines. The dividing line between Gothic stained glass art and Renaissance glass is traditionally placed at about 1530. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) English Gothic stained glass windows The stained-glass round window in the choir was made in 1288 to the designs of Duccio. It is one of the earliest remaining examples of Italian stained glass. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Siena Cathedral It is one of the earliest remaining examples of Italian stained glass. The round stained-glass window in the façade dates from 1549 and represents the Last Supper. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Siena Cathedral It would be over a millennium before a window glass became transparent enough to see through clearly, as we think of it now. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Window The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford This arrangement is repeated in the stained glass windows of the apse. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chartres Cathedral He is depicted in stained glass and culture holding the fragment of his skull in his hands. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chartres Cathedral It also contains a notable collection of 14th-century stained glass. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chartres Cathedral One of the most distinctive features of Chartres Cathedral is the stained glass, both for its quantity and quality. There are 167 windows, including rose windows, round oculi, and tall, pointed lancet windows. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chartres Cathedral The right window, the Jesse Window, depicts the genealogy of Christ. The middle window depicts the life of Christ, and the left window depicts the Passion of Christ, from the Transfiguration and Last Supper to the Resurrection. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chartres Cathedral In 2003 the cathedral chapter for the Cologne cathedral decided to have the window renewed. The original designs from the 19th century were, like the stained glass windows themselves, destroyed in World War II and no longer available. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cologne Cathedral Window At the arcade level, each of the sub-bays contains an arrangement of stained glass with two lancet windows under a rose window. The sub-bays also contain another stained-glass arrangement at clerestory level, each with two lancet windows and one rose window. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cathedral of St. John the Divine Christ crowning Mary as Queen, the stained-glass circular window above the clock, with a rich range of coloring, was designed by Gaddo Gaddi in the early 14th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Florence Cathedral Most of the fittings and the stained glass date from this time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Worcester Cathedral The first performance of the revised version of his Enigma Variations – the version usually performed – took place at the cathedral during the 1899 Three Choirs Festival. He is commemorated in a stained glass window which contains his portrait. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Worcester Cathedral Once this method was found for making red glass, other colours were made this way as well. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stained glass Selenium is an important agent to make pink and red glass. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stained glass In France, much glass of this period was produced at the Limoges factory, and in Italy at Murano, where stained glass and faceted lead crystal are often coupled together in the same window. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stained glass Many new churches were planted in large towns and many old churches were restored. This brought about a great demand for the revival of the art of stained glass window making. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stained glass Thomas Willement, a plumber and glazier, produced his first armorial window in 1811, and is known as the father of the 19th-century stained glass industry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) From studying Medieval windows, particularly those at Canterbury Cathedral, many stained glass artists became adept at designing foliage and decorative borders that reproduce archaeological originals. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Works at the Anglican Chapel, Burra, South Australia and possibly an identical window depicting Christ's Crucifixion St Mary's Church, Culford, Suffolk. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) They formed a stained glass partnership around 1874, later to become Guthrie and Wells. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Ancient windows in Canterbury Cathedral were removed in the 19th century and replaced with copies. There is a very fine Jesse Tree (the Ancestors of Christ) window of this nature at the eastern end. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The façade faces the rising sun to the northeast, a symbol for the birth of Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sagrada Família In 1906, Tiffany created stained glass windows for the Stanford White-designed Madison Square Presbyterian Church located on Madison Avenue in Manhattan, New York City. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Louis Comfort Tiffany Some of the last windows, such as those by Abraham Van Linge at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, were simply like large paintings viewed through a grid of lead lines. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) English Gothic stained glass windows This includes Duccio's Maestà altarpiece, some panels of which are scattered around the world or lost. Duccio's large stained glass window, original to the building, was removed out of precaution during WWII for fear of shattering from bombs or fire. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Siena Cathedral Duccio's large stained glass window, original to the building, was removed out of precaution during WWII for fear of shattering from bombs or fire. A replica has been installed in the Duomo ever since. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Siena Cathedral This continued to be the guiding reason for stained glass windows throughout the Gothic period. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows As a result, the stained glass has a remarkable unity of style, exemplified by the windows of the nave, and particularly by the north and south rose windows, with their delicate balance of reds and blues. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows The single chapel contains 670 square meters of stained glass, not counting the later west rose window, and the walls, 20.4 meters high under the vault, appear entirely to made of glass. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows In this case, the hot blown glass was dipped into vessel containing red colorant, which fused to the glass. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows This was the ingredient the gave rise to the term "stained glass". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows While stained glass had been used in French churches in the Romanesque period, the Gothic windows were much larger, eventually filling entire walls. They were particularly important in the High Gothic cathedrals, most famously in Chartres Cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows The designs of the glass displayed rich decoration, an elegance of figures and a precision of gestures not seen before in stained glass. The Sainte-Chapelle window styles found an immediate echo in the windows of other 13th century cathedrals and churches, notably Soissons Cathedral, made shortly after Sainte-Chapelle, likely by the same artists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows Each panel of glass was inserted into a framework, originally of wood, later of iron bars, placed at right angles. An example is the Tree of Jessé window at Saint-Denis (see image above). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) French Gothic stained glass windows Fenestration is still used to describe the arrangement of windows within a façade, as well as defenestration, meaning to throw something out of a window. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Window A stained glass window is a window composed of pieces of colored glass, transparent, translucent or opaque, frequently portraying persons or scenes. Typically the glass in these windows is separated by lead glazing bars. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Window Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. Stained glass windows in the cathedral and other buildings are by the Pre-Raphaelite William Morris group with designs by Edward Burne-Jones. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. The cathedral also hosts visiting choirs from time to time during vacations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The stained glass in the three lancet windows over the portals dates from some time before 1145. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chartres Cathedral The decoration of the central bay concentrates on the Last Judgemnt and the Apostles; the left bay on the lives of martyrs; and the right bay is devoted to confessor saints. This arrangement is repeated in the stained glass windows of the apse. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chartres Cathedral The detached belfry of the original Trinity Church stood southwest or south of the main structure. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Saint Basil's Cathedral A clear glass roundel with a depiction of Christ in Majesty, thought to be from the 6th century, was discovered here. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Medieval stained glass Medieval stained glass panels could be created either by the cylinder blown sheet or crown glass (window) method. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Medieval stained glass The dominance of red and blue in Romanesque and Gothic glass is obvious. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Medieval stained glass The earliest extant example of ecclesiastical stained glass is possibly that from San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy. A clear glass roundel with a depiction of Christ in Majesty, thought to be from the 6th century, was discovered here. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Medieval stained glass However, in the creation of red glass, the colouring ingredients must be of a certain concentration, or the colour will not develop. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass A number of additives are used to reduce the green tint, particularly if the glass is to be used for plain window glass, rather than stained glass windows. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass Pure metallic copper produces a very dark red, opaque glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass When used with lead glass with a very high proportion of lead, it produces a deep red colour. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass Scriptural texts or mottoes are sometimes included and perhaps the names of the patrons or the person to whose memory the window is dedicated. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass The creation of stained glass in Southwest Asia began in ancient times. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass While stained glass was widely manufactured, Chartres was the greatest centre of stained glass manufacture, producing glass of unrivalled quality. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass In France there was a greater continuity of stained glass production than in England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass In 1824 the Sèvres porcelain factory began producing stained glass to supply the increasing demand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass From 1839 onwards much stained glass was produced that very closely imitated medieval glass, both in the artwork and in the nature of the glass itself. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass It continues to be Britain's only organisation devoted exclusively to the art and craft of stained glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass Fribourg Cathedral, Switzerland, complete cycle of glass 1896–1936, by --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass In Western Europe, together with illuminated manuscripts, they constitute the major form of medieval pictorial art to have survived. In this context, the purpose of a stained glass window is not to allow those within a building to see the world outside or even primarily to admit light but rather to control it. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass They can produce a range of colours from orange-red to yellow. Used on blue glass they produce greens. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass During the mid- to late 19th century, many of Germany's ancient buildings were restored, and some, such as Cologne Cathedral, were completed in the medieval style. There was a great demand for stained glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass Clarke's work includes both religious and secular stained glass windows. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke Canterbury Cathedral retains more ancient glass than any other English cathedral except York. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Most of the glass in this remarkable window is older than the 15th-century stone tracery that contains it, the figure of Adam being part of a series of Ancestors of Christ that are among the oldest surviving panels in England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In the restorations, he was to employ and influence a great number of designers, including major stained glass firms. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) 1874–1926 J. Dudley Forsyth, oils, sculptor and stained glass designer. Works include Westminster Abbey and St Mary's Church, Culford, Suffolk. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Dedicated to the Passion of Christ, the suffering of Jesus during his crucifixion, the façade was intended to portray the sins of man. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sagrada Família This was called a medallion window. The details of the early windows were added by painting in brown enamel, which was then fired onto the glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) English Gothic stained glass windows The small rose windows to the south and north are each counted as a single window due to their specific composition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The destruction of Reims Cathedral and its stained glass in 1914 caused shock across France and led to all Chartres' windows being taken out and stored throughout both world wars. Conservation and removal of pollution has been ongoing since 1972. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The façade of Siena Cathedral is one of the most fascinating in all of Italy and certainly one of the most impressive features in Siena. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Siena Cathedral The stained-glass round window in the choir was made in 1288 to the designs of Duccio. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Siena Cathedral It is one of the earliest remaining examples of Italian stained glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Siena Cathedral The round stained-glass window in the façade dates from 1549 and represents the Last Supper. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Siena Cathedral The façade of Siena Cathedral is one of the most fascinating in all of Italy and certainly one of the most impressive features in Siena. Each of the cardinal points (west, east, north, and south) has its own distinct work; by far the most impressive of these is the west façade. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Siena Cathedral Only a very small amount of original 12th-century French stained glass remains. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows Pierre de Roissy, a dignitary of the Chapter of Chartres Cathedral, wrote in about 1200 that the stained glass windows being installed in the nave "would transmit the clarity of the sunlight, signifying the Holy Scriptures, which push evil away from us, as they illuminate us. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows The changes in architecture were accompanied by technical and artistic innovations in the making of the stained glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows Another important change to French stained glass took place in the 14th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows In the 15th century, the names of stained glass artists became known, and artists began to travel from city to city to make windows. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows Copies of each section of the window, showing each piece of glass, were carefully traced and given to the terrier, or glassmaker. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows This allowed much greater realism and detail, and moved stained glass art even closer to painting. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows This provided even more subtle and delicate shades, and gradually moved the art of stained glass closer and closer to that of painting. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows But it also destroyed some of the purity and mystical quality of the earlier stained glass, where the color was provided entirely by light passing through glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows This was called Plate tracery, and it was used most famously in the Early Gothic rose window of Chartres Cathedral. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows Each panel of glass was inserted into a framework, originally of wood, later of iron bars, placed at right angles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows Three different workshops were at work at Bourges Cathedral between 1210 and 1215. This marked the beginning of the High Gothic, or "Classique" style of French Gothic architecture and stained glass. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows The first stained glass window to portray its patron is at the Basilica of Saint Denis, where an image of the Abbot Suger is shown at the feet of Christ. But later in the 12th and 13th centuries, the practice became very common. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows At the end of the 13th century, window artists also applied additional layers of colored glass to their windows, then engraved the upper layers to reveal the colors beneath. This provided even more subtle and delicate shades, and gradually moved the art of stained glass closer and closer to that of painting. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) French Gothic stained glass windows The terms single-light, double-light, etc., refer to the number of these glass panes in a window. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Window This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. Aside from the director, there is also a sub-organist and two organ scholars. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! Might get into Loughborough, in a bad year." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford A fire in 1836 destroyed the roof and belfries of the cathedral, and melted the bells, but did not damage the structure below or the stained glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chartres Cathedral The middle window depicts the life of Christ, and the left window depicts the Passion of Christ, from the Transfiguration and Last Supper to the Resurrection. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chartres Cathedral The lower part of the window, showing scenes from the infancy of Christ, dates from the main glazing campaign around 1225. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chartres Cathedral During World War II most of the stained glass was removed from the cathedral and stored in the surrounding countryside to protect it from damage. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chartres Cathedral Work nevertheless progressed rapidly: the south porch with most of its sculpture was installed by 1210, and by 1215 the north porch and the west rose window were completed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chartres Cathedral Donatello designed the stained-glass window (Coronation of the Virgin) in the drum of the dome (the only one that can be seen from the nave). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Florence Cathedral Salisbury Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an Anglican cathedral in Salisbury, England. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Salisbury Cathedral Its official name is the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Mary the Virgin, of Worcester. The present cathedral church was built between 1084 and 1504, and represents every style of English architecture from Norman to Perpendicular Gothic. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Worcester Cathedral The Parliamentary troops then ransacked the Cathedral building. Stained glass was smashed and the organ destroyed, along with library books and monuments. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Worcester Cathedral Most of the fittings and the stained glass date from this time. Some early 17th century screens and panelling, removed from the choir and organ casing in 1864, are now at Holy Trinity Church, Sutton Coldfield. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Worcester Cathedral Medieval stained glass is the coloured and painted glass of medieval Europe from the 10th century to the 16th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass In some countries, such as in Sweden and in England, only a fragment of an originally large amount of stained glass have survived to this day. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass The purpose of stained glass windows in a church was both to enhance the beauty of their setting and to inform the viewer through narrative or symbolism. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass The earliest extant example of ecclesiastical stained glass is possibly that from San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass Forest glass continued to be used in stained glass for the duration of the medieval period until soda glass again began to be used in the 16th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass (The chapters on how to make red, green and blue glass are missing from De Divers Artibus.) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass Glass comprising multiple layers of clear and (usually) red glass was known to exist in the 12th and 13th centuries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass glass from the Carthusian Monastery of Pavia, where layered glasses of blue and violet; green and uncoloured; and red and uncoloured have been identified. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass Window glass was in use from at least the 1st century AD and colored and painted window glass for use in religious buildings was also manufactured at an early date. The earliest extant example of ecclesiastical stained glass is possibly that from San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass A clear glass roundel with a depiction of Christ in Majesty, thought to be from the 6th century, was discovered here. Some of the earliest known examples of colored window glass, datable to c. 800–820, were recovered in excavations at the Abbey of San Vicenzo in Volturno, Italy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Medieval stained glass The term stained glass is also applied to windows in enamelled glass in which the colours have been painted onto the glass and then fused to the glass in a kiln; very often this technique is only applied to parts of a window. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass Glass formed this way can be either coloured and used for stained-glass windows, or uncoloured as seen in small paned windows in 16th- and 17th-century houses. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass The method employed is to laminate a thin layer of red glass to a thicker body of glass that is clear or lightly tinted, forming "flashed glass". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass "Silver stain", introduced soon after 1300, produced a wide range of yellow to orange colours; this is the "stain" in the term "stained glass". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass By the 17th century a style of stained glass had evolved that was no longer dependent upon the skilful cutting of coloured glass into sections. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass All the joints are then soldered together and the glass pieces are prevented from rattling and the window made weatherproof by forcing a soft oily cement or mastic between the glass and the cames. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass The tradition of stained glass manufacture has continued, with mosques, palaces, and public spaces being decorated with stained glass throughout the Islamic world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass In the Netherlands a rare scheme of glass has remained intact at Grote Sint-Jan Church, Gouda. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass At the same time there were also some interesting developments where stained glass artists took studios in shared facilities. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass Canterbury Cathedral, in England, 12th to 15th century plus 19th- and 20th-century glass --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass Florence Cathedral, Italy, 15th-century glass designed by Uccello, Donatello and Ghiberti --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass Once this method was found for making red glass, other colours were made this way as well. A great advantage is that the double-layered glass can be engraved or abraded to reveal the clear or tinted glass below. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass Pure metallic copper produces a very dark red, opaque glass. Glass created in this manner is generally "flashed" (laminated glass). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass In France, much glass of this period was produced at the Limoges factory, and in Italy at Murano, where stained glass and faceted lead crystal are often coupled together in the same window. The French Revolution brought about the neglect or destruction of many windows in France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass The west window, designed in about 1340 by Master Robert, contains tiers of saints and stories of Christ and the Virgin Mary, each surmounted by a delicate Gothic canopy in white and yellow-stain, against a red background. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) He designed a number of churches with richly decorated interiors and employed several stained glass firms to furnish them with glass in the appropriate style. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) There is a very fine Jesse Tree (the Ancestors of Christ) window of this nature at the eastern end. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The great windows of this period demonstrate a mastery over figure drawing and stained glass painting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Many windows of the Edwardian period are the most opulent creations of the stained glass industry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Thomas Willement, "the father of Victorian stained glass", active 1811–1869, a plumber by trade, created his first armorial window in 1811, was a restorer of old windows and received a Royal Patent from Queen Victoria. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) 1874–1926 J. Dudley Forsyth, oils, sculptor and stained glass designer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) From studying Medieval windows, particularly those at Canterbury Cathedral, many stained glass artists became adept at designing foliage and decorative borders that reproduce archaeological originals. There are windows of this type in which the foliate design is overlaid with banners bearing scriptural texts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Tiffany designed stained glass windows and lamps, glass mosaics, blown glass, ceramics, jewelry, enamels, and metalwork. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Louis Comfort Tiffany Tiffany used opalescent glass in a variety of colors and textures to create a unique style of stained glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Louis Comfort Tiffany At the Exposition Universelle (1900) in Paris, he won a gold medal with his stained glass windows --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Louis Comfort Tiffany However, examples of original glass are found in Canterbury Cathedral, Wells Cathedral, York Minster and Westminster Abbey. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) English Gothic stained glass windows The earliest existing windows in the style in England are probably those at Canterbury Cathedral, including the Methuselah window in the choir clerestory. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) English Gothic stained glass windows Another novel feature of this window is a background of blue enamel painted on the glass, then scratched out to form a diaper pattern. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) English Gothic stained glass windows The most elaborate decoration was not in the painted glass, but in the tracery, in the stone mullions and iron bars that formed the framework for the window. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) English Gothic stained glass windows In a 15th century window, it was rare that more than one-fourth of the area was composed of coloured glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) English Gothic stained glass windows Window glass had been made in France since the 5th century, with the oldest surviving figured glass from the country being the Wissembourg Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral This emphasis on individuals not workshops can be seen more clearly in 14th century stained glass and was probably to increase the speed of production. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The central lancet shows Christ's nativity and life and is flanked by two slightly smaller lancets of his Passion and his human and Davidic roots with a Tree of Jesse, the earliest surviving representation of this motif in stained glass, dating to 1145. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Both entitled Red Mannheim, Alexander's large red silkscreens are inspired by the Mannheim Cathedral altarpiece (1739–41), which was damaged by bombing in the Second World War. The original sculpture depicts Christ on the cross, surrounded by a familiar retinue of mourners. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St Paul's Cathedral The exterior and interior are constructed of white and greenish-black marble in alternating stripes, with the addition of red marble on the façade. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Siena Cathedral Di Cecco preferred more elaborate designs, most likely inspired by the Orvieto Cathedral. The façade needed to be much higher than foreseen as the nave had, once again, been raised. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Siena Cathedral The round stained-glass window in the façade dates from 1549 and represents the Last Supper. It is the work of Pastorino de' Pastorini. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Siena Cathedral For Suger, stained glass became a way to create a glowing, unworldly light ideal for religious reflection. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Pale yellows and ochres, made with Silver stain (which gives the name to "stained glass"), became more common. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows This marked the beginning of the High Gothic, or "Classique" style of French Gothic architecture and stained glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The designs of the glass displayed rich decoration, an elegance of figures and a precision of gestures not seen before in stained glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Other major examples of Rayonnant stained glass are the great north and south rose windows of the transept of Notre-Dame de Paris, whose construction was sponsored by King Louis IX of France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Two very large rose window entirely filled the upper ends of the north and south transepts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The rose window of the south transept of Chartres Cathedral contains the coats of arms of its patron, Peter I, Duke of Brittany, in the trefoil of the rose and the central lancet, along with portraits of his wife and his son and daughter, kneeling. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The cathedral was intended to represent the Kingdom of Heaven on earth, and every element of the stained glass was rich with Christian symbolism. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The technique of making stained glass windows in the early Gothic was essentially the same as in the Romanesque period. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The mullions and bars were modified into curvilinear forms, outlining the panels of the glass, creating elaborate designs within the window. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Only a very small amount of original 12th-century French stained glass remains. Much of it was destroyed, and replaced in the 19th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows This continued to be the guiding reason for stained glass windows throughout the Gothic period. Pierre de Roissy, a dignitary of the Chapter of Chartres Cathedral, wrote in about 1200 that the stained glass windows being installed in the nave "would transmit the clarity of the sunlight, signifying the Holy Scriptures, which push evil away from us, as they illuminate us. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The single chapel contains 670 square meters of stained glass, not counting the later west rose window, and the walls, 20.4 meters high under the vault, appear entirely to made of glass. This was made possible by moving the supports of the wall, clusters of nine colonettes, to the exterior. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Nonetheless, creation of stained glass continued, with continuous innovations, particularly of more grisaille to make the windows lighter, and more extensive use of silver stain and painting upon the glass. Much of the innovation took place in Normandy, at Rouen Cathedral and Evreux Cathedral. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows The position and color of each piece was noted and numbered. Copies of each section of the window, showing each piece of glass, were carefully traced and given to the terrier, or glassmaker. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows This was called Plate tracery, and it was used most famously in the Early Gothic rose window of Chartres Cathedral. By the end of the 12th century, as the windows became larger, it was necessary to devise a new system to give the glass greater resistance to the wind. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) French Gothic stained glass windows Lattice light is a compound window pane madeup of small pieces of glass held together in a lattice. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Window Sash unit is a window consisting of at least one sliding glass component, typically composed of two lites (known as a double-light). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Window Modern aluminium window frames are typically separated by a thermal break made of a glass fibre reinforced polyamide. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Window An awning window is a casement window that is hung horizontally, hinged on top, so that it swings outward like an awning. In addition to being used independently, they can be stacked, several in one opening, or combined with fixed glass. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Window Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford For over four centuries Christ Church admitted men only; the first female students at Christ Church matriculated in 1980. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church, formally titled "The Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Christ in Oxford of the Foundation of King Henry the Eighth", is the only academic institution in the world which is also a cathedral, the seat (cathedra) of the Bishop of Oxford. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Sir John Bell and Sir Tim Berners-Lee are both members of the governing body of Christ Church. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Midnight has come and the great Christ Church bell And many a lesser bell sound through the room; --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. The cathedral choir comprises twelve adults and sixteen boys. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The adults are made up of lay clerks and choral scholars, or academical clerks. The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The college choir, however, is always a student-run society, and sings Evensong once a week in term time. In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford "There is one oddity; Rudge. Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The major portions of the new cathedral, with its stained glass and sculpture, were largely finished within just twenty-five years, extraordinarily rapid for the time. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral At the same time, some of the stained glass in the clerestory was removed and replaced with grisaille windows, greatly increasing the light on the high altar in the center of the church. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral The south portal, which was added later than the others, in the 13th century, is devoted to events after the Crucifixion of Christ, and particularly to the Christian martyrs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral The south transept rose (10.5 m diameter, made c.1225–30) is dedicated to Christ, who is shown in the central oculus, right hand raised in benediction, surrounded by adoring angels. Two outer rings of twelve circles each contain the 24 Elders of the Apocalypse, crowned and carrying phials and musical instruments. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral He is depicted in stained glass and culture holding the fragment of his skull in his hands. The chapel has a flat chevet and two circular towers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral Inside are four bays, in a harmonious style, since it was built all at the same time. It also contains a notable collection of 14th-century stained glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Chartres Cathedral The original designs from the 19th century were, like the stained glass windows themselves, destroyed in World War II and no longer available. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cologne Cathedral Window The window also found the approval of those responsible for the Reims Cathedral, who also considered Richter for the design of a window; after Richter declined, the commission was given to the artist Imi Knoebel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cologne Cathedral Window Above the center portal, between the towers, is a rose window installed by stained glass artist Charles Connick and constructed out of 10,000 pieces of glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The sub-bays also contain another stained-glass arrangement at clerestory level, each with two lancet windows and one rose window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cathedral of St. John the Divine This alternation of large and small buttresses gives the appearance of four double bays with two sub-bays each, rather than eight singular rectangular bays. At the arcade level, each of the sub-bays contains an arrangement of stained glass with two lancet windows under a rose window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cathedral of St. John the Divine Some of his works were the stained glass designs, the bronze shrine of Saint Zenobius and marble revetments on the outside of the cathedral. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Florence Cathedral The last important addition is Prince Arthur’s Chantry Chapel to the right of the south choir aisle, 1502–04.Worcester Cathedral was extensively restored from 1857 to 1874 by W. A. Perkins and Sir George Gilbert Scott. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Worcester Cathedral Window glass was in use from at least the 1st century AD and colored and painted window glass for use in religious buildings was also manufactured at an early date. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Medieval stained glass Some of the stronger reds, blues and greens that are a feature of medieval stained glass rely on the addition of copper oxides. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Medieval stained glass In France, in Chartres Cathedral and St Denis in Paris, soda glass has also been found, and no doubt there must be many other examples. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Medieval stained glass In the UK, a considerable quantity of blue soda glass has been identified in stained glass from York Minster, and in excavations at Old Sarum and Winchester. In France, in Chartres Cathedral and St Denis in Paris, soda glass has also been found, and no doubt there must be many other examples. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Medieval stained glass Glass comprising multiple layers of clear and (usually) red glass was known to exist in the 12th and 13th centuries. The manufacturing process is not known. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Medieval stained glass Although traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensional structures and sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass The coloured glass is crafted into stained glass windows in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Copper oxides produce green or bluish green, cobalt makes deep blue, and gold produces wine red and violet glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Much of modern red glass is produced using copper, which is less expensive than gold and gives a brighter, more vermilion shade of red. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass This results in a colour so intense that at the thickness of 1/8 inch (3 mm), the red glass transmits little light and appears black. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass A lightly coloured molten gather is dipped into a pot of molten red glass, which is then blown into a sheet of laminated glass using either the cylinder (muff) or the crown technique described above. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass The first stage in the production of a window is to make, or acquire from the architect or owners of the building, an accurate template of the window opening that the glass is to fit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass The designer must take into account the design, the structure of the window, the nature and size of the glass available and his or her own preferred technique. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass The Kitab al-Durra al-Maknuna also describes how to create colored glass and artificial gemstones made from high-quality stained glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass The stained glass of Islam is generally non-pictorial and of purely geometric design, but may contain both floral motifs and text. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass With the latter wave of destruction the traditional methods of working with stained glass died, and were not rediscovered in England until the early 19th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass In the early 19th century most stained glass was made of large panes that were extensively painted and fired, the designs often being copied directly from oil paintings by famous artists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass In the Austrian Empire and later Austria-Hungary, one of the leading stained glass artists was Carl Geyling, who founded his studio in 1841. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass In the UK, the professional organisation for stained glass artists has been the British Society of Master Glass Painters, founded in 1921. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass From the mid-20th century to the present, stained glass windows have been a ubiquitous feature of American synagogue architecture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Public houses in some countries make extensive use of stained glass and leaded lights to create a comfortable atmosphere and retain privacy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass It can then be cut into small sheets. Glass formed this way can be either coloured and used for stained-glass windows, or uncoloured as seen in small paned windows in 16th- and 17th-century houses. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Selenium is an important agent to make pink and red glass. When used together with cadmium sulphide, it yields a brilliant red colour known as "Selenium Ruby". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass A figurative window could have rows of saints or dignitaries. Scriptural texts or mottoes are sometimes included and perhaps the names of the patrons or the person to whose memory the window is dedicated. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Once the glass is cut and painted, the pieces are assembled by slotting them into H-sectioned lead cames. All the joints are then soldered together and the glass pieces are prevented from rattling and the window made weatherproof by forcing a soft oily cement or mastic between the glass and the cames. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass Probably the earliest scheme of stained glass windows that was created during the Renaissance was that for Florence Cathedral, devised by Lorenzo Ghiberti. The scheme includes three ocular windows for the dome and three for the facade which were designed from 1405 to 1445 by several of the most renowned artists of this period: Ghiberti, Donatello, Uccello and Andrea del Castagno. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass From 1839 onwards much stained glass was produced that very closely imitated medieval glass, both in the artwork and in the nature of the glass itself. The pioneers were Henri Gèrente and André Lusson. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass He produced more than 130 stained glass windows, he and his brother Walter having taken over his father's studio after his death in 1921. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke Much of the glass is in the style of Chartres Cathedral with deep blue featuring as the background colour in most windows. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) They did not reproduce earlier forms exactly, and because of disagreements with the philosophy of the Cambridge Camden Society, rarely created stained glass windows for ancient churches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Some stained glass studios were essentially a one-man show in which a single craftsmen designed and made windows of a particular style. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The clothing of the figures is often of the darker shades, royal blue, wine red and dark green and is lined or bordered with intricately decorated yellow-stained glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In the last days of the Empire, the technical proficiency and artistic excesses of the traditional stained glass artists reached their height. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In the case of a large window with an irregular number of lights, the figure of Jesus or the Virgin with the Christ Child is usually at the centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Quarry – a four-sided geometrically shaped piece of glass, coloured, painted, printed or impressed with a design and used to create a regular decorative pattern in a window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The west window, designed in about 1340 by Master Robert, contains tiers of saints and stories of Christ and the Virgin Mary, each surmounted by a delicate Gothic canopy in white and yellow-stain, against a red background. The highly ornate tracery lights are filled with floral motifs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Thomas Willement, a plumber and glazier, produced his first armorial window in 1811, and is known as the father of the 19th-century stained glass industry. Because of the prevalence of leadlight windows, many glaziers had the required skills for making windows in geometric patterns using coloured glass for chapels and churches. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Winston observed that light streaming through a 19th-century window generally made a coloured pattern on the floor. This was rarely the case with medieval glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Rather, they overlapped and co-existed. Some stained glass studios were essentially a one-man show in which a single craftsmen designed and made windows of a particular style. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) There is a very fine Jesse Tree (the Ancestors of Christ) window of this nature at the eastern end. Two panels of the original have since been returned. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Hence there are countless two-light windows of St George and St Michael and even more lancets of the Good Shepherd gathering his lost sheep to the fold. These are the last product of the second Golden Age of stained glass window production. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Thomas Willement, "the father of Victorian stained glass", active 1811–1869, a plumber by trade, created his first armorial window in 1811, was a restorer of old windows and received a Royal Patent from Queen Victoria. Was employed by Pugin who found him too expensive. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Arts and Crafts period, (Newton) Jones and Willett of London and Birmingham; exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851. Works at the Anglican Chapel, Burra, South Australia and possibly an identical window depicting Christ's Crucifixion St Mary's Church, Culford, Suffolk. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The scenes sculpted into the façade may be divided into three levels, which ascend in an S form and reproduce the stations of the Cross (Via Crucis of Christ). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sagrada Família The First Presbyterian Church building of 1905 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is said to be unique in that it uses Tiffany windows that partially make use of painted glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Louis Comfort Tiffany Much of his company's production was in making stained glass windows and Tiffany lamps, but his company designed a complete range of interior decorations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Louis Comfort Tiffany The Gothic style in stained glass had first appeared in France in 1142, with the dedication of the stained glass windows in the ambulatory of the Basilica of Saint Denis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows The glass at the top of the window was often also filled with painted architectural detail, such as arches, pinnacles and canopies, which harmonised with the architecture of the church itself. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows This was made possible by a technique called silver stain, which added a very thin coat of glass mixed with silver compounds, particularly silver nitrate, which was baked onto the outside of the window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows Oxford Cathedral and the Abbey Church of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire contain early white windows painted with silver stain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows Colourful figures occupied windows of the south transept window at York Minister, surrounded by delicately-coloured quarries, or panels, rather than a white background. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows German engraving and Flemish painting of the period had a particular influence on stained glass, not only in England but across Europe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows By the early 17th century, the art of English Gothic windows was in its final decline. Some of the last windows, such as those by Abraham Van Linge at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, were simply like large paintings viewed through a grid of lead lines. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) English Gothic stained glass windows A rose window of the Last Judgement is placed above the main west door, whilst the north one centred on the Madonna and Child recalls the Incarnation leading to Redemption and the south one of Christ Triumphant surrounded by the 24 Elders of the Apocalypse announces Christ's second coming and the Kingdom of God. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Blanche of Castile and Louis IX funded the north façade of the transepts, whilst those on the south façade of the transepts were paid for by Pierre de Dreux. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Both entitled Red Mannheim, Alexander's large red silkscreens are inspired by the Mannheim Cathedral altarpiece (1739–41), which was damaged by bombing in the Second World War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St Paul's Cathedral While stained glass had been used in French churches in the Romanesque period, the Gothic windows were much larger, eventually filling entire walls. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The Abbey also had a Tree of Jessé window, depicting the genealogy of Christ, which became a common feature at Gothic cathedrals for the next century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The court helped introduce Renaissance artistic ideas such as realism and perspective into French art, including stained glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Some donors had several medallions dedicated to them, and one, Raoul de Ferrieres, had an entire lancet window at Evreux Cathedral dedicated to him. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The makers of stained glass were declared exempt from taxes at the end of the 15th century by King Charles V of France. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The painters placed the window section on an open easel placed before a window, or put the glass flat onto a transparent table, so the artist could see the effect of the light coming through the glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows At the end of the 13th century, window artists also applied additional layers of colored glass to their windows, then engraved the upper layers to reveal the colors beneath. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Pale yellows and ochres, made with Silver stain (which gives the name to "stained glass"), became more common. and colors were more nuanced. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The new cathedral was almost finished in the remarkably short time of twenty-five years, though it was not re-consecrated until 1260. As a result, the stained glass has a remarkable unity of style, exemplified by the windows of the nave, and particularly by the north and south rose windows, with their delicate balance of reds and blues. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Two very large rose window entirely filled the upper ends of the north and south transepts. The rebuilt abbey was consecrated in 1281. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Important windows made in France during this period include the rose window on the west facade of Sainte-Chapelle (1485–98), which used paint on glass with exceptional realism and fantasy to depict the Apocalypse. the Church of Saint Severin in Paris is another example. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Red was the most difficult color to make, since the red coloring let very little light pass through. In this case, the hot blown glass was dipped into vessel containing red colorant, which fused to the glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows This provided even more subtle and delicate shades, and gradually moved the art of stained glass closer and closer to that of painting. But it also destroyed some of the purity and mystical quality of the earlier stained glass, where the color was provided entirely by light passing through glass. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows The larger rose windows of the 13th century, particularly those of Chartres Cathedral and Notre-Dame de Paris, required a different kind of tracery. The mullions and bars were modified into curvilinear forms, outlining the panels of the glass, creating elaborate designs within the window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) French Gothic stained glass windows Also known as a louvered window, the jalousie window consists of parallel slats of glass or acrylic that open and close like a Venetian blind, usually using a crank or a lever. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Window Light, or Lite, is the area between the outer parts of a window (transom, sill and jambs), usually filled with a glass pane. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Window In English, the word fenester was used as a parallel until the mid-18th century. Fenestration is still used to describe the arrangement of windows within a façade, as well as defenestration, meaning to throw something out of a window. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Window These are the pieces of framing that separate a larger window into smaller panes. In older windows, large panes of glass were quite expensive, so muntins let smaller panes fill a larger space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Window Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church's sister college in the University of Cambridge is Trinity College, Cambridge, founded the same year by Henry VIII. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, it is one of the larger colleges of the University of Oxford with 629 students in 2016. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The cathedral is well-preserved and well-restored: the majority of the original stained glass windows survive intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral In 1836, due to the negligence of workmen, a fire began which destroyed the lead-covered wooden roof and the two belfries, but the building structure and the stained glass were untouched. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral This pier design, known as pilier cantonné, was strong, simple, and elegant, and permitted the large stained glass windows of the clerestory, or upper level. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral Another possible explanation is that the Cathedral clergy wanted to emphasise the universal reach of the Church, particularly at a time when their relationship with the local community was often a troubled one. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral Although estimates vary (depending on how one counts compound or grouped windows) approximately 152 of the original 176 stained glass windows survive – far more than any other medieval cathedral anywhere in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral Traces of the vaults and the shafts which supported them are still visible in the western two bays. The stained glass in the three lancet windows over the portals dates from some time before 1145. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral By 1220 the roof was in place. The major portions of the new cathedral, with its stained glass and sculpture, were largely finished within just twenty-five years, extraordinarily rapid for the time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral The face of the clock is eighteen feet in diameter. A fire in 1836 destroyed the roof and belfries of the cathedral, and melted the bells, but did not damage the structure below or the stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral A fire in 1836 destroyed the roof and belfries of the cathedral, and melted the bells, but did not damage the structure below or the stained glass. The timber beams under the roof were replaced with an iron framework covered with copper plates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral Less obvious than the jamb statues but far more intricately carved is the frieze that stretches all across the façade in the sculpted capitals on top of the jamb columns. Carved into these capitals is a very lengthy narrative depicting the life of the Virgin and the life and Passion of Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral During World War II most of the stained glass was removed from the cathedral and stored in the surrounding countryside to protect it from damage. At the close of the war the windows were taken out of storage and reinstalled. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral He also noted that the bright white walls made it more difficult to appreciate the colours of the stained glass windows, and declared that the work violated international conservation protocols, in particular, the 1964 Charter of Venice of which France is a signatory. The President of the Friends of Chartres Cathedral Isabelle Paillot defended the restoration work as necessary to prevent the building from crumbling. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chartres Cathedral The interior was based upon Boston's Trinity Church, and the crossing was based upon Istanbul's Hagia Sophia, Venice's St. Mark's Basilica, and the Périgueux Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The diocese was able to construct several structures to the south of the main building (see § Cathedral close), as part of a plan that had been approved by the trustees in late 1911. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of St. John the Divine To the southwest is a pulpit green, situated between the nave to the north and the Synod Hall and Diocesan House to the south. The Cathedral House is located south of the Biblical garden and east of the pulpit green. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cathedral of St. John the Divine Mikhail Petrovich Kudryavtsev noted that all cross processions of the period began, as described by Petreius, from the Dormition Church, passed through St. Frol's (Saviour's) Gate and ended at Trinity Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Saint Basil's Cathedral This neo-gothic façade in white, green and red marble forms a harmonious entity with the cathedral, Giotto's bell tower and the Baptistery, but some think it is excessively decorated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florence Cathedral The church is particularly notable for its 44 stained glass windows, the largest undertaking of this kind in Italy in the 14th and 15th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florence Cathedral The church is particularly notable for its 44 stained glass windows, the largest undertaking of this kind in Italy in the 14th and 15th century. The windows in the aisles and in the transept depict saints from the Old and the New Testament, while the circular windows in the drum of the dome or above the entrance depict Christ and Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florence Cathedral They are the work of the greatest Florentine artists of their times, such as Donatello, Lorenzo Ghiberti, Paolo Uccello and Andrea del Castagno. Christ crowning Mary as Queen, the stained-glass circular window above the clock, with a rich range of coloring, was designed by Gaddo Gaddi in the early 14th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Florence Cathedral Some of the earliest known examples of colored window glass, datable to c. 800–820, were recovered in excavations at the Abbey of San Vicenzo in Volturno, Italy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass In the UK, a considerable quantity of blue soda glass has been identified in stained glass from York Minster, and in excavations at Old Sarum and Winchester. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass Evidence of recycling Roman tesserae to produce window glass in the 9th century has been identified at the Benedictine Monastery of San Vincenzo, Molise, Italy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass Producing a strong clear yellow could be difficult in early stained glass as it relied upon the careful control of furnace conditions in order to create the appropriate reducing or oxidising environment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass However, it was not until the advent of the monumental cathedral and church building campaigns in the 11th and 12th centuries that the demand for colored glass began to increase significantly, reaching its highest level in the 14th and 15th centuries. The oldest surviving stained glass windows still in situ are thought to be the Prophet Windows in Augsburg Cathedral, of c. 1065. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass In Northern Europe soda glass was eventually almost totally superseded by potash-lime-silica glass (Forest glass). Forest glass continued to be used in stained glass for the duration of the medieval period until soda glass again began to be used in the 16th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass These techniques could be remarkably sophisticated as demonstrated by 15thc. glass from the Carthusian Monastery of Pavia, where layered glasses of blue and violet; green and uncoloured; and red and uncoloured have been identified. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Medieval stained glass The primary method of including colour in stained glass is to use glass, originally colourless, that has been given colouring by mixing with metal oxides in its melted state (in a crucible or "pot"), producing glass sheets that are coloured all the way through; these are known as "pot metal" glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass In medieval times, blue glass was made by adding cobalt blue, which at a concentration of 0.025% to 0.1% in soda-lime glass achieves the brilliant blue characteristic of Chartres Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Metallic gold, in very low concentrations (around 0.001%), produces a rich ruby-coloured glass ("ruby gold"); in even lower concentrations it produces a less intense red, often marketed as "cranberry glass". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass A major firm was Mayer of Munich, which commenced glass production in 1860, and is still operating as Franz Mayer of Munich, Inc.. German stained glass found a market across Europe, in America and Australia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Among the early well-known 20th-century artists who experimented with stained glass as an Abstract art form were Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass In the 1960s and 1970s the Expressionist painter Marc Chagall produced designs for many stained glass windows that are intensely coloured and crammed with symbolic details. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass See www.bsmgp.org.uk for a range of stained glass lectures, conferences, tours, portfolios of recent stained glass commissions by members, and information on courses and the conservation of stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Back issues of The Journal of Stained Glass are listed and there is a searchable index for stained glass articles, an invaluable resource for stained glass researchers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass After the First World War, stained glass window memorials were a popular choice among wealthier families, examples can be found in churches across the UK. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney, Australia, early complete cycle of 19th-century glass, Hardman of Birmingham. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Painted details and yellow stain are often used to enhance the design. The term stained glass is also applied to windows in enamelled glass in which the colours have been painted onto the glass and then fused to the glass in a kiln; very often this technique is only applied to parts of a window. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Glass formed this way can be either coloured and used for stained-glass windows, or uncoloured as seen in small paned windows in 16th- and 17th-century houses. Concentric, curving waves are characteristic of the process. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass A lightly coloured molten gather is dipped into a pot of molten red glass, which is then blown into a sheet of laminated glass using either the cylinder (muff) or the crown technique described above. Once this method was found for making red glass, other colours were made this way as well. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Silver compounds (notably silver nitrate) are mixed with binding substances, applied to the surface of glass, and then fired in a furnace or kiln. They can produce a range of colours from orange-red to yellow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Uranium glass is typically not radioactive enough to be dangerous, but if ground into a powder, such as by polishing with sandpaper, and inhaled, it can be carcinogenic. When used with lead glass with a very high proportion of lead, it produces a deep red colour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass A scaled model maquette may also be provided. The designer must take into account the design, the structure of the window, the nature and size of the glass available and his or her own preferred technique. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass In medieval times the cartoon was drawn directly on the surface of a whitewashed table, which was then used as a pattern for cutting, painting and assembling the window. The cartoon is then divided into a patchwork, providing a template for each small glass piece. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass By the 17th century a style of stained glass had evolved that was no longer dependent upon the skilful cutting of coloured glass into sections. Scenes were painted onto glass panels of square format, like tiles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass All the joints are then soldered together and the glass pieces are prevented from rattling and the window made weatherproof by forcing a soft oily cement or mastic between the glass and the cames. In modern windows, copper foil is now sometimes used instead of lead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Many of France's finest ancient windows were restored at that time. From 1839 onwards much stained glass was produced that very closely imitated medieval glass, both in the artwork and in the nature of the glass itself. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass There was a great demand for stained glass. The designs for many windows were based directly on the work of famous engravers such as Albrecht Dürer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Since 1924 the BSMGP has published an annual journal, The Journal of Stained Glass. It continues to be Britain's only organisation devoted exclusively to the art and craft of stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass Clarke's use of heavy lines in his black-and-white book illustrations echoes his glass techniques. Clarke's work includes both religious and secular stained glass windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke A revival of the art and craft of stained-glass window manufacture took place in early 19th-century Britain, beginning with an armorial window created by Thomas Willement in 1811–12. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) These windows, including the large west window have a predominance of red, pink, brown and green in the colours, with smaller areas of blue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Followers of the Aesthetic Movement, who included Burne-Jones and other stained glass designers such as Henry Holiday, propounded a philosophy of "Art for Art's sake". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) He recommended a return to the manufacture of hand-made crown and cylinder glass with all their inherent refractive irregularities for the specific purpose of creating stained glass windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Canterbury Cathedral retains more ancient glass than any other English cathedral except York. Much of it appears to be imported from France and some is very early, dating from the 11th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Much of it appears to be imported from France and some is very early, dating from the 11th century. Much of the glass is in the style of Chartres Cathedral with deep blue featuring as the background colour in most windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) White glass stone borders surround each panel, making it appear to float in its frame. The east window of 1405 was glazed by John Thornton and is the largest intact medieval window in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) They formed a stained glass partnership around 1874, later to become Guthrie and Wells. John Gordon Guthrie, son of William, emigrated to America, where he was hugely important in the development of the art there. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The façade faces the rising sun to the northeast, a symbol for the birth of Christ. It is divided into three porticos, each of which represents a theological virtue (Hope, Faith and Charity). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sagrada Família This can be contrasted with the method of painting in enamels or glass paint on colorless glass, and then setting the glass pieces in lead channels, that had been the dominant method of creating stained glass for hundreds of years in Europe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Louis Comfort Tiffany When he was unable to convince fine glassmakers to leave the impurities in, he began making his own glass. Tiffany used opalescent glass in a variety of colors and textures to create a unique style of stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Louis Comfort Tiffany Tiffany's first commercially produced lamps date from around 1895. Much of his company's production was in making stained glass windows and Tiffany lamps, but his company designed a complete range of interior decorations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Louis Comfort Tiffany In 1906, Tiffany created stained glass windows for the Stanford White-designed Madison Square Presbyterian Church located on Madison Avenue in Manhattan, New York City. The church was Tiffany's place of worship, and was torn down in 1919 after the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company bought the land to build their new headquarters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Louis Comfort Tiffany The Thomas Becket Window at Canterbury bears a striking resemblance to the Thomas Becket window in Sens Cathedral in France, where Becket spent his exile, and the home of William of Sens, the architect of the remodelling of Canterbury. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows A major change in the 14th-century glass was a great reduction in the number of pieces of glass in a single window, which gave it a mosaic appearance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows Examples included the west window of York Minster, whose glass was Decorated curvilinear, but whose tracery, especially at the top of the window, resembled that of the later French Flamboyant style. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows Much of the original glass was destroyed in the English Reformation and has been replaced with modern work. However, examples of original glass are found in Canterbury Cathedral, Wells Cathedral, York Minster and Westminster Abbey. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows Another novel feature of this window is a background of blue enamel painted on the glass, then scratched out to form a diaper pattern. This also became a common feature of later English windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows However, in English windows, the painting was often subtle. The most elaborate decoration was not in the painted glass, but in the tracery, in the stone mullions and iron bars that formed the framework for the window. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows Even the flesh of the figures was usually white. In a 15th century window, it was rare that more than one-fourth of the area was composed of coloured glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows In a 15th century window, it was rare that more than one-fourth of the area was composed of coloured glass. To add more colour, sometimes light colour was added to the background. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows To add more colour, sometimes light colour was added to the background. Colourful figures occupied windows of the south transept window at York Minister, surrounded by delicately-coloured quarries, or panels, rather than a white background. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) English Gothic stained glass windows Understanding and interpreting the windows can be difficult in an era out of contact with medieval theology, teachings and sermons commenting on the Gothic cathedrals' stained glass windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Stylistic analysis has revealed up to five different glass-painters who worked on the Good Samaritan window, including secondary glass-painters and a principal glass-painter, though it has also shown that a secondary glass-painter on one window might be a master glass-painter on another. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Starting at the centre of the nave in front of the west rose window, the windows are described in an anti-clockwise circuit, running through the south side of the nave, the south transept, the ambulatory, the north transept and finally the north side of the nave. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral At the north and south ends of the ambulatory, six of them are made up of two lancets each under a rose window, bringing the total number of windows up to 64. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral are held to be one of the best-preserved and most complete set of medieval stained glass, notably celebrated for their colours, especially their cobalt blue. They cover 2600 square metres in total and consist of 172 bays illustrating biblical scenes, the lives of the saints and scenes from the life of trade guilds of the period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Window glass had been made in France since the 5th century, with the oldest surviving figured glass from the country being the Wissembourg Christ. Recent restoration of the windows at Chartres has questioned Louis Grodecki's assertions that they were produced by two main workshops, one making the Good Samaritan window and the other making the Life of St Lubin window. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral This section of the cathedral was built after a fire in 1135 and is the only part to survive the 1195 fire. The central lancet shows Christ's nativity and life and is flanked by two slightly smaller lancets of his Passion and his human and Davidic roots with a Tree of Jesse, the earliest surviving representation of this motif in stained glass, dating to 1145. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral These included raising the façade due to the raising of the nave of the church and the installation of a larger rose window based on designs by Duccio di Buoninsegna and commissioned by the city of Siena. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Siena Cathedral The nave is separated from the two aisles by semicircular arches. The exterior and interior are constructed of white and greenish-black marble in alternating stripes, with the addition of red marble on the façade. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Siena Cathedral The work continued to use Pisano's plans for the façade with some adaptations under the direction of Giovanni di Cecco. Di Cecco preferred more elaborate designs, most likely inspired by the Orvieto Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Siena Cathedral A few important examples of 12th-century windows are found at Chartres Cathedral on the inside of the western facade, in three lancet windows under the rose window. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows The cathedral also has an early Tree of Jessé window, illustrating the genealogy of Christ in the shape of a family tree imagined in a dream by the prophet Jesse. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Nonetheless, creation of stained glass continued, with continuous innovations, particularly of more grisaille to make the windows lighter, and more extensive use of silver stain and painting upon the glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows In the second half of the 15th century, the art of stained glass revived dramatically in France, and approached closer and closer to that of painting, with the use of perspective and other painterly techniques. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows The general characteristics of French stained glass in this period include whole panels filled with decorative canopy work, almost all in white, with just touches of stain. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows The Duc Jean de Berry, brother of King Charles V, commissioned stained glass windows for his residence in Bourges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Rouen was an important center for making late Gothic glass; an exceptional collection of windows from this period is found at the Church of Saint-Maclou in Rouen. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows As a result, the upper walls between the buttresses were gradually filled with larger and larger windows. The changes in architecture were accompanied by technical and artistic innovations in the making of the stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows The windows depicted the history of the Hebrew people, and finally connected the Biblical Kings with the reign of the window's patron, Louis IX. The King was depicted in the windows carrying the crown of Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Some seem to have been influenced by new developments in illuminated manuscripts. The designs of the glass displayed rich decoration, an elegance of figures and a precision of gestures not seen before in stained glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Second, as a result, the pointed arches of the windows could entirely fill the upper wall. Two very large rose window entirely filled the upper ends of the north and south transepts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows In some cases the figures of the windows completely crossed the dividing mullions, occupying more than one panel of glass. In the 15th century, the names of stained glass artists became known, and artists began to travel from city to city to make windows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows The technique of making stained glass windows in the early Gothic was essentially the same as in the Romanesque period. The glass was made at a separate site, usually near a forest, where abundant firewood for melting the glass was available. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Early Gothic windows were small, and each light was set into a separate opening of the stone wall. This was called Plate tracery, and it was used most famously in the Early Gothic rose window of Chartres Cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) French Gothic stained glass windows Many Germanic languages, however, adopted the Latin word 'fenestra' to describe a window with glass, such as standard Swedish 'fönster', or German 'Fenster'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Window Over the centuries techniques were developed to shear through one side of a blown glass cylinder and produce thinner rectangular window panes from the same amount of glass material. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Window Also known as a louvered window, the jalousie window consists of parallel slats of glass or acrylic that open and close like a Venetian blind, usually using a crank or a lever. They are used extensively in tropical architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Window Fixed window is a unit of one non-moving lite. The terms single-light, double-light, etc., refer to the number of these glass panes in a window. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Window Christ Church (Latin: Ædes Christi, the temple or house, ædēs, of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church consists of the dean and chapter of the cathedral, together with the "Students of Christ Church", who are not junior members but rather the equivalent of the fellows of the other colleges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford In former times this was done at midnight, signalling the close of all college gates throughout Oxford. Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Until the later 19th century, the Students differed from fellows in that they had no governing powers in their own college, as those resided solely with the dean and chapter. The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The college gardens, quadrangles, and meadow are Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Croquet is played in the Masters' Garden in the summer. The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford He also noted that the bright white walls made it more difficult to appreciate the colours of the stained glass windows, and declared that the work violated international conservation protocols, in particular, the 1964 Charter of Venice of which France is a signatory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral The stained glass in the three lancet windows over the portals dates from some time before 1145. The Royal Portal on the west facade, between the towers, the primary entrance to the cathedral, was probably finished a year or so after 1140. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral The rood screen that separated the liturgical choir from the nave was torn down and the present stalls were built. At the same time, some of the stained glass in the clerestory was removed and replaced with grisaille windows, greatly increasing the light on the high altar in the center of the church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral In 1836, due to the negligence of workmen, a fire began which destroyed the lead-covered wooden roof and the two belfries, but the building structure and the stained glass were untouched. The old roof was replaced by a copper-covered roof on an iron frame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral This pier design, known as pilier cantonné, was strong, simple, and elegant, and permitted the large stained glass windows of the clerestory, or upper level. most notably Gothic churches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral The middle window depicts the life of Christ, and the left window depicts the Passion of Christ, from the Transfiguration and Last Supper to the Resurrection. All three of these windows were originally made around 1145 but were restored in the early 13th century and again in the 19th. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral The majority of windows were cleaned and restored by the famous local workshop Atelier Lorin at the end of the 19th century but they continued to deteriorate. During World War II most of the stained glass was removed from the cathedral and stored in the surrounding countryside to protect it from damage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral It contained a collection of reputed relics from the saint, who was bishop of Tournai in modern-day Belgium in the third century, as was martyred by the Romans, who cut off the top of his skull. He is depicted in stained glass and culture holding the fragment of his skull in his hands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral It also contains a notable collection of 14th-century stained glass. The lower floor was used as a chapter house, or meeting place for official functions, and the top floor was connected to the cathedral by an open stairway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral The builders were not working on a clean site; they would have had to clear back the rubble and surviving parts of the old church as they built the new. Work nevertheless progressed rapidly: the south porch with most of its sculpture was installed by 1210, and by 1215 the north porch and the west rose window were completed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chartres Cathedral To achieve this, all scenes with ghost-Church had to be recorded twice, once with Church in them and once without him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Red vs. Blue The Cathedral of St. John the Divine is located at 1047 Amsterdam Avenue in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, between West 110th Street (also known as Cathedral Parkway) to the south and 113th Street to the north. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cathedral of St. John the Divine Lights salvaged from the former Pennsylvania Station illuminate the steps in front of the portals. Above the center portal, between the towers, is a rose window installed by stained glass artist Charles Connick and constructed out of 10,000 pieces of glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The corridors functioned as internal parvises; the western corridor, adorned with a unique flat caissoned ceiling, doubled as the narthex. The detached belfry of the original Trinity Church stood southwest or south of the main structure. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Basil's Cathedral The detached belfry of the original Trinity Church stood southwest or south of the main structure. Late 16th- and early 17th-century plans depict a simple structure with three roof tents, most likely covered with sheet metal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Basil's Cathedral The original Trinity Church burnt down in 1583 and was refitted by 1593. The ninth sanctuary, dedicated to Basil Fool for Christ (the 1460s–1552), was added in 1588 next to the north-eastern sanctuary of the Three Patriarchs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Saint Basil's Cathedral Work began in 1876 and was completed in 1887. This neo-gothic façade in white, green and red marble forms a harmonious entity with the cathedral, Giotto's bell tower and the Baptistery, but some think it is excessively decorated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florence Cathedral On top of the façade is a series of niches with the twelve Apostles with, in the middle, the Madonna with Child. Between the rose window and the tympanum, there is a gallery with busts of great Florentine artists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florence Cathedral This is one of the few clocks from that time that still exist and are in working order. The church is particularly notable for its 44 stained glass windows, the largest undertaking of this kind in Italy in the 14th and 15th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Florence Cathedral Salisbury Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an Anglican cathedral in Salisbury, England. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Salisbury and is the seat of the Bishop of Salisbury, currently Nick Holtam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Salisbury Cathedral Between 1404 and 1432, an unknown architect added the north and south ranges to the cloister, which was eventually closed by the western range by John Chapman, 1435–38. The last important addition is Prince Arthur’s Chantry Chapel to the right of the south choir aisle, 1502–04.Worcester Cathedral was extensively restored from 1857 to 1874 by W. A. Perkins and Sir George Gilbert Scott. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Worcester Cathedral In the glass melt the iron and manganese behave as follows: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass Eraclius' De Coloribus et Artibus includes instructions for creating green and red glass by adding copper (probably in the form of ore or copper filings) to the batch, a method practiced since ancient times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass The enamel was fixed by 'firing' the glass in an annealing oven. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass The production of bright reds and blues in particular was straightforward, as the addition of copper to the mix resulted in the reliable creation of red, blue and green. The dominance of red and blue in Romanesque and Gothic glass is obvious. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass The dominance of red and blue in Romanesque and Gothic glass is obvious. However, at York Minster, for example, it was demonstrated that 90% of the medieval glass was coloured by means of iron/manganese content. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass Evidence of recycling Roman tesserae to produce window glass in the 9th century has been identified at the Benedictine Monastery of San Vincenzo, Molise, Italy. Theophilus, in the 12th century, was also aware of such practice. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Medieval stained glass Modern vernacular usage has often extended the term "stained glass" to include domestic lead light and objets d'art created from foil glasswork exemplified in the famous lamps of Louis Comfort Tiffany. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Rolled glass was first commercially produced around the mid-1830s and is widely used today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass These are the colours in which the glass itself is made, as opposed to colours applied to the glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Glass created in this manner is generally "flashed" (laminated glass). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The colours were then annealed to the glass before the pieces were assembled. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Carl Geyling's Erben completed numerous stained glass windows for major churches in Vienna and elsewhere, and received an Imperial and Royal Warrant of Appointment from emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Gemmail, a technique developed by the French artist Jean Crotti in 1936 and perfected in the 1950s, is a type of stained glass where adjacent pieces of glass are overlapped without using lead cames to join the pieces, allowing for greater diversity and subtlety of colour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The works of Ludwig Schaffrath demonstrate the late 20th-century trends in the use of stained glass for architectural purposes, filling entire walls with coloured and textured glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass From the outset, its chief objectives have been to promote and encourage high standards in stained glass painting and staining, to act as a locus for the exchange of information and ideas within the stained glass craft and to preserve the invaluable stained glass heritage of Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Mausolea, whether for general community use or for private family use, may employ stained glass as a comforting entry for natural light, for memorialization, or for display of religious imagery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass As a material stained glass is glass that has been coloured by adding metallic salts during its manufacture, and usually then further decorating it in various ways. The coloured glass is crafted into stained glass windows in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The coloured glass is crafted into stained glass windows in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame. Painted details and yellow stain are often used to enhance the design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Glass is coloured by adding metallic oxide powders or finely divided metals while it is in a molten state. Copper oxides produce green or bluish green, cobalt makes deep blue, and gold produces wine red and violet glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Copper oxides produce green or bluish green, cobalt makes deep blue, and gold produces wine red and violet glass. Much of modern red glass is produced using copper, which is less expensive than gold and gives a brighter, more vermilion shade of red. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Much of modern red glass is produced using copper, which is less expensive than gold and gives a brighter, more vermilion shade of red. Glass coloured while in the clay pot in the furnace is known as pot metal glass, as opposed to flashed glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The glass is then annealed. Rolled glass was first commercially produced around the mid-1830s and is widely used today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Architectural glass must be at least 1/8 of an inch (3 mm) thick to survive the push and pull of typical wind loads. However, in the creation of red glass, the colouring ingredients must be of a certain concentration, or the colour will not develop. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass However, in the creation of red glass, the colouring ingredients must be of a certain concentration, or the colour will not develop. This results in a colour so intense that at the thickness of 1/8 inch (3 mm), the red glass transmits little light and appears black. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass This results in a colour so intense that at the thickness of 1/8 inch (3 mm), the red glass transmits little light and appears black. The method employed is to laminate a thin layer of red glass to a thicker body of glass that is clear or lightly tinted, forming "flashed glass". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass A number of additives are used to reduce the green tint, particularly if the glass is to be used for plain window glass, rather than stained glass windows. These additives include manganese dioxide which produces sodium permanganate, and may result in a slightly mauve tint, characteristic of the glass in older houses in New England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Metallic gold, in very low concentrations (around 0.001%), produces a rich ruby-coloured glass ("ruby gold"); in even lower concentrations it produces a less intense red, often marketed as "cranberry glass". The colour is caused by the size and dispersion of gold particles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Scriptural texts or mottoes are sometimes included and perhaps the names of the patrons or the person to whose memory the window is dedicated. In a window of a traditional type, it is usually left to the discretion of the designer to fill the surrounding areas with borders, floral motifs and canopies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Painting on glass with these stains was initially used for small heraldic designs and other details. By the 17th century a style of stained glass had evolved that was no longer dependent upon the skilful cutting of coloured glass into sections. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The Kitab al-Durra al-Maknuna also describes how to create colored glass and artificial gemstones made from high-quality stained glass. The tradition of stained glass manufacture has continued, with mosques, palaces, and public spaces being decorated with stained glass throughout the Islamic world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass The tradition of stained glass manufacture has continued, with mosques, palaces, and public spaces being decorated with stained glass throughout the Islamic world. The stained glass of Islam is generally non-pictorial and of purely geometric design, but may contain both floral motifs and text. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass With the latter wave of destruction the traditional methods of working with stained glass died, and were not rediscovered in England until the early 19th century. See Stained glass – British glass, 1811–1918 for more details. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass In France there was a greater continuity of stained glass production than in England. In the early 19th century most stained glass was made of large panes that were extensively painted and fired, the designs often being copied directly from oil paintings by famous artists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass In the early 19th century most stained glass was made of large panes that were extensively painted and fired, the designs often being copied directly from oil paintings by famous artists. In 1824 the Sèvres porcelain factory began producing stained glass to supply the increasing demand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Stained glass studios were also founded in Italy and Belgium at this time. In the Austrian Empire and later Austria-Hungary, one of the leading stained glass artists was Carl Geyling, who founded his studio in 1841. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass In the Austrian Empire and later Austria-Hungary, one of the leading stained glass artists was Carl Geyling, who founded his studio in 1841. His son would continue the tradition as Carl Geyling's Erben, which still exists today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Many 19th-century firms failed early in the 20th century as the Gothic movement was superseded by newer styles. At the same time there were also some interesting developments where stained glass artists took studios in shared facilities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass In the UK, the professional organisation for stained glass artists has been the British Society of Master Glass Painters, founded in 1921. Since 1924 the BSMGP has published an annual journal, The Journal of Stained Glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass It continues to be Britain's only organisation devoted exclusively to the art and craft of stained glass. From the outset, its chief objectives have been to promote and encourage high standards in stained glass painting and staining, to act as a locus for the exchange of information and ideas within the stained glass craft and to preserve the invaluable stained glass heritage of Britain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass From the mid-20th century to the present, stained glass windows have been a ubiquitous feature of American synagogue architecture. Styles and themes for synagogue stained glass artwork are as diverse as their church counterparts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass Harry Clarke was an Irish stained-glass artist and book illustrator. He produced more than 130 stained glass windows, he and his brother Walter having taken over his father's studio after his death in 1921. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows by Harry Clarke York Minster also contains much of its original glass including important narrative windows of the Norman period, the famous "Five Sister" windows, the 14th-century west window and 15th-century east window. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) One of the advantages of using engravings as a source was that the essentially linear techniques that were employed by the engraver to define forms could be easily interpreted in lead and the fine linear treatment of shadows was likewise easy for the stained glass artist to achieve using the monochrome paint technique. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Those that contain a large amount of Medieval glass are usually reconstructed from salvaged fragments. The east, west and south transept windows of York Minster and the west and north Transept windows of Canterbury give an idea of the splendours that have been mostly lost. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Other windows contain rows of apostles, saints and prophets. These windows, including the large west window have a predominance of red, pink, brown and green in the colours, with smaller areas of blue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Morris and Brown saw themselves as original artists working in the spirit of their antecedents. They did not reproduce earlier forms exactly, and because of disagreements with the philosophy of the Cambridge Camden Society, rarely created stained glass windows for ancient churches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Winston observed that windows of medieval glass appeared more luminous than those of early 19th-century production, and set his mind to discovering why this was the case. Winston observed that light streaming through a 19th-century window generally made a coloured pattern on the floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Some stained glass studios were essentially a one-man show in which a single craftsmen designed and made windows of a particular style. Other firms were managed with considerable entrepreneurial skills, employing a number of designers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The clothing of the figures is often of the darker shades, royal blue, wine red and dark green and is lined or bordered with intricately decorated yellow-stained glass. The painting of canopies and draperies was taken to a new height. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In the last days of the Empire, the technical proficiency and artistic excesses of the traditional stained glass artists reached their height. The great windows of this period demonstrate a mastery over figure drawing and stained glass painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) 1860–, J.& W. Guthrie John and William were the sons of John Guthrie, who established a firm of painters and decorators in Glasgow around 1850. They formed a stained glass partnership around 1874, later to become Guthrie and Wells. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Each of them is also dedicated to a part of Christ's life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sagrada Família Dedicated to the Passion of Christ, the suffering of Jesus during his crucifixion, the façade was intended to portray the sins of man. Construction began in 1954, following the drawings and instructions left by Gaudí for future architects and sculptors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sagrada Família Gaudí intended for this façade to strike fear into the onlooker. He wanted to "break" arcs and "cut" columns, and to use the effect of chiaroscuro (dark angular shadows contrasted by harsh rigid light) to further show the severity and brutality of Christ's sacrifice. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sagrada Família Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Louis Comfort Tiffany Tiffany designed stained glass windows and lamps, glass mosaics, blown glass, ceramics, jewelry, enamels, and metalwork. He was the first design director at his family company, Tiffany & Co., founded by his father Charles Lewis Tiffany. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Louis Comfort Tiffany Some early examples of his lamps were exhibited in the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago. At the Exposition Universelle (1900) in Paris, he won a gold medal with his stained glass windows --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Louis Comfort Tiffany Much of his company's production was in making stained glass windows and Tiffany lamps, but his company designed a complete range of interior decorations. At its peak, his factory employed more than 300 artisans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Louis Comfort Tiffany Rose windows were rare in English Gothic cathedrals, but Lincoln Cathedral produced two fine examples: the Dean's Eye in the north transept and the Bishop's Eye in the south transept. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows The earliest existing windows in the style in England are probably those at Canterbury Cathedral, including the Methuselah window in the choir clerestory. The choir of Canterbury was destroyed by a fire and was rebuilt by William of Sens, a French master-mason from Sens, introducing the French Gothic style to England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows The Thomas Becket Window at Canterbury bears a striking resemblance to the Thomas Becket window in Sens Cathedral in France, where Becket spent his exile, and the home of William of Sens, the architect of the remodelling of Canterbury. The two windows were likely made by the same craftsmen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows The glass at the top of the window was often also filled with painted architectural detail, such as arches, pinnacles and canopies, which harmonised with the architecture of the church itself. The figures in the windows showed the influence of medieval manuscripts; the poses were more natural. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows It lost much of the smoky and streaked appearance which had given charm to the early Gothic glass. A major change in the 14th-century glass was a great reduction in the number of pieces of glass in a single window, which gave it a mosaic appearance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows Examples included the west window of York Minster, whose glass was Decorated curvilinear, but whose tracery, especially at the top of the window, resembled that of the later French Flamboyant style. The curling form at the top gave the window the nickname "The Heart of Yorkshire". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows Others include the windows of the choir of the Chapel of Merton College at Oxford, donated by Henry de Mamesfeld. Oxford Cathedral and the Abbey Church of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire contain early white windows painted with silver stain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows German engraving and Flemish painting of the period had a particular influence on stained glass, not only in England but across Europe. The English perpendicular style was the other major influence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) English Gothic stained glass windows Sacraments were often at the centre of stained glass windows, such as the windows on the lives of St Martin, St Paul and St Sylvester at Chartres, the third of these showing that saint's baptism of Constantine the Great. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The one exception is the Life of Saint Eustace window, whose glass has a different colour and has corroded differently, giving credence to Grodecki's conclusion that it was produced by an outside artist commissioned by the cathedral and bringing his own stock of glass with him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral At the window's centre is Christ in Majesty, whilst running clockwise from bottom left the first circle shows the four living creatures of a lion, a bull, a man and an eagle, also seen as symbols of the Four Evangelists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The best view of the lower windows' details is from the aisle and ambulatory. Starting at the centre of the nave in front of the west rose window, the windows are described in an anti-clockwise circuit, running through the south side of the nave, the south transept, the ambulatory, the north transept and finally the north side of the nave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The upper windows are best seen from the opposite side of the aisle to the window viewed, but as they are taller than the lower windows they are harder to view. The circuit is clockwise, from the north side of the nave, the south transept, the choir, the apse, the north transept and finally the south side of the nave. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral There are 52 lower windows (0 to 51). At the north and south ends of the ambulatory, six of them are made up of two lancets each under a rose window, bringing the total number of windows up to 64. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral During the later Medieval period St Paul's was exceeded in length only by the Abbey Church of Cluny and in the height of its spire only by Lincoln Cathedral and St. Mary's Church, Stralsund. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Paul's Cathedral The plan may have been influenced by the Temple Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Paul's Cathedral The façade needed to be much higher than foreseen as the nave had, once again, been raised. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Siena Cathedral The Abbot Suger, a close advisor of the French King, who directed the government during the King's absence during the Crusades, rebuilt the ambulatory with Gothic rib vaults primarily to create greater space for stained glass windows. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The Sainte-Chapelle window styles found an immediate echo in the windows of other 13th century cathedrals and churches, notably Soissons Cathedral, made shortly after Sainte-Chapelle, likely by the same artists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Forty years later, in the 14th century, with the introduction of silver stain in the Ile-de-France and Normandy, the stained glass windows ceased to be mosaics of different colors, and came much closer to paintings, with equal luminosity throughout. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The techniques of painting on the glass also improved. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Important windows made in France during this period include the rose window on the west facade of Sainte-Chapelle (1485–98), which used paint on glass with exceptional realism and fantasy to depict the Apocalypse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Bourges, under The Duke Jean du Berry, the brother of King Charles V of France, was a major center for stained glass in the 15th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows In this method, the glass was first blown into a bubble as in the preceding method. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Gradually the glass colors became more and more like the colors used in painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows It could produce green, if painted onto blue glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows French Gothic stained glass windows were an important feature of French Gothic architecture, particularly cathedrals and churches built between the 12th century and 16th century. While stained glass had been used in French churches in the Romanesque period, the Gothic windows were much larger, eventually filling entire walls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The changes in architecture were accompanied by technical and artistic innovations in the making of the stained glass. The small early Gothic windows with their deep, rich colors were replaced by much larger and thinner windows that allowed in more light. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The space around the figures was often left white or in grisaille, or decorated with vegetal or floral designs. Pale yellows and ochres, made with Silver stain (which gives the name to "stained glass"), became more common. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows At Le Mans Cathedral, the windows became more geometric, and the figures were reduced in size. Between 1255 and 1260 another new tendency appeared in French windows; large panels surrounding the colored figures were filled with grisaille, or grey or white glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The royal government, occupied with the war, reduced its patronage of the arts. Nonetheless, creation of stained glass continued, with continuous innovations, particularly of more grisaille to make the windows lighter, and more extensive use of silver stain and painting upon the glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Other early examples appear at the Saint-Ouen Abbey, Rouen, which has one of the best collections of 14th-century glass in France. Its windows include the Thomas Becket window, illustrating the martyrdom of that Saint. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows One source of new ideas in France was the court of the Popes in Avignon, installed in 1309. The court helped introduce Renaissance artistic ideas such as realism and perspective into French art, including stained glass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The court helped introduce Renaissance artistic ideas such as realism and perspective into French art, including stained glass. Another important change to French stained glass took place in the 14th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Another innovation of the 14th century was the use of a medallion illustrating the donor of the window. Some donors had several medallions dedicated to them, and one, Raoul de Ferrieres, had an entire lancet window at Evreux Cathedral dedicated to him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Not until the English were expelled did French architecture regain its important position. In the second half of the 15th century, the art of stained glass revived dramatically in France, and approached closer and closer to that of painting, with the use of perspective and other painterly techniques. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows In the 15th century, the names of stained glass artists became known, and artists began to travel from city to city to make windows. Stained glass workshops were located in the major European cities, and began to dedicate more and more of their time to the maintenance of existing windows. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Windows were made not only for cathedrals but also for town halls and palatial residences. The Duc Jean de Berry, brother of King Charles V, commissioned stained glass windows for his residence in Bourges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows the Church of Saint Severin in Paris is another example. Rouen was an important center for making late Gothic glass; an exceptional collection of windows from this period is found at the Church of Saint-Maclou in Rouen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The cathedral was intended to represent the Kingdom of Heaven on earth, and every element of the stained glass was rich with Christian symbolism. The walls of glass corresponded with the walls of the celestial city, ornamented with jewels and filled with divine light, as it was described in the Book of Revelation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows In this case, the hot blown glass was dipped into vessel containing red colorant, which fused to the glass. Near the end of the 13th century, glass makers began to add layers of different colors to the glass, which could then be ground or engraved away to achieve more varied shades and combinations of color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Copies of each section of the window, showing each piece of glass, were carefully traced and given to the terrier, or glassmaker. He carefully cracked off the pieces he needed from larger pieces of colored glass, using a heated iron tool in the early period, and a diamond cutter in the later period. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows The painters placed the window section on an open easel placed before a window, or put the glass flat onto a transparent table, so the artist could see the effect of the light coming through the glass. Once the painting of a pane was finished, it was baked at 600 degrees Celsius to fix the color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows Beginning in the 1300s, windows were often given additional nuances of color using Silver stain, a mixture of salts of silver ground finely, mixed with yellow ochre, and diluted with water. This was the ingredient the gave rise to the term "stained glass". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows By the end of the 12th century, as the windows became larger, it was necessary to devise a new system to give the glass greater resistance to the wind. Each panel of glass was inserted into a framework, originally of wood, later of iron bars, placed at right angles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) French Gothic stained glass windows A jalousie door is a door with a jalousie window. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window A multi-lite window is a window glazed with small panes of glass separated by wooden or lead glazing bars, or muntins, arranged in a decorative glazing pattern often dictated by the building's architectural style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window Due to the historic unavailability of large panes of glass, the multi-lit (or lattice window) was the most common window style until the beginning of the 20th century, and is still used in traditional architecture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window A French door has two rows of upright rectangular glass panes (lights) extending its full length; and two of these doors on an exterior wall and without a mullion separating them, that open outward with opposing hinges to a terrace or porch, are referred to as a French window. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window The window can be vertically or horizontally oriented, openable or dead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window A guillotine window is a window that opens vertically. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window With the handle turned to 180 degrees the window opens in bottom hung mode. Most usually in the UK the windows will be "tilt first" i.e. bottom hung at 90 degrees for ventilation and side hung at 180 degrees for cleaning the outer face of the glass from inside the building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window Light, or Lite, is the area between the outer parts of a window (transom, sill and jambs), usually filled with a glass pane. Multiple panes are divided by mullions when load-bearing, muntins when not. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window Low-e window film is a low-cost alternative to window replacement to transform existing poorly-insulating windows into energy-efficient windows. For high-rise buildings, smart glass can provide an alternative. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Window Then in 1546 the King, who had broken from the Church of Rome and acquired great wealth through the dissolution of the monasteries in England, refounded the college as Christ Church as part of the reorganisation of the Church of England, making the partially demolished priory church the cathedral of the recently created Diocese of Oxford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years, the choir have commissioned recorded works by contemporary composers such as John Tavener, William Mathias and Howard Goodall, also patron of Christ Church Music Society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Prominent philosophers including John Locke, John Rawls, A. J. Ayer, Gilbert Ryle, Michael Dummett, John Searle and Daniel Dennett studied at Christ Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The buildings have inspired replicas throughout the world in addition to being featured in films such as Harry Potter and The Golden Compass. This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford A Censor Theologiae is also appointed to act as the dean's deputy; this post is currently held by Professor Ian Watson. The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford There is a college lending library that supplements the university libraries (many of which are non-lending). Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. On occasion, the golfer would win and, on occasion, I would win. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The cathedral is designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, which calls it "the high point of French Gothic art" and a "masterpiece". The cathedral is well-preserved and well-restored: the majority of the original stained glass windows survive intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral The major portions of the new cathedral, with its stained glass and sculpture, were largely finished within just twenty-five years, extraordinarily rapid for the time. The cathedral was formally re-consecrated in October 1260, in the presence of King Louis IX of France, whose coat of arms was painted over the entrance to the apse. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral As the cathedral was rebuilt, the famous west rose window was installed between the two towers (13th century), and in 1507, the architect Jean Texier (also sometimes known as Jehan de Beauce) designed a spire for the north tower, to give it a height and appearance closer to that of the south tower. This work was completed in 1513. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral The statuary of the north transept portals is devoted to the Old Testament, and the events leading up to the birth of Christ, with particular emphasis on the Virgin Mary. The glorification of Mary in the center, the incarnation of her son on the left and Old Testament prefigurations and prophecies on the right. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral The other 12th-century window, perhaps the most famous at Chartres, is the "Notre-Dame de la Belle-Verrière", or "The Blue Virgin". It is found in the first bay of the choir after the south transept. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral This composition, known as the Sedes sapientiae ("Throne of Wisdom"), which also appears on the Portail royal, is based on the famous cult figure kept in the crypt. The lower part of the window, showing scenes from the infancy of Christ, dates from the main glazing campaign around 1225. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral Work was begun on the Royal Portal with the south lintel around 1136 and with all its sculpture installed up to 1141. Opinions are uncertain as the sizes and styles of the figures vary and some elements, such as the lintel over the right-hand portal, have clearly been cut down to fit the available spaces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Chartres Cathedral The original designs from the 19th century were, like the stained glass windows themselves, destroyed in World War II and no longer available. It was planned to make a memorial to the German martyrs of the twentieth century, such as Edith Stein and Maximilian Kolbe, and to commemorate the Holocaust. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cologne Cathedral Window If we're going to have a new window, it should be one that reflects our faith. Not just any." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cologne Cathedral Window The interior was based upon Boston's Trinity Church, and the crossing was based upon Istanbul's Hagia Sophia, Venice's St. Mark's Basilica, and the Périgueux Cathedral. The "exotic" design was seen as an example of the unusual architecture that was prevalent at that time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The diocese was able to construct several structures to the south of the main building (see § Cathedral close), as part of a plan that had been approved by the trustees in late 1911. These structures included the St. Faith's House (1909), Synod House (1911–1913), Cathedral School (1912–1913), and Cathedral House (1912–1914). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine Work on the western facade's towers was restarted with the opening of St. John's stone yard, the Cathedral Stoneworks, which received its first several Indiana limestone blocks in June 1979. Construction started first on the south tower, named for Saint Paul, which began to rise in 1982. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The Cathedral of St. John the Divine is located at 1047 Amsterdam Avenue in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, between West 110th Street (also known as Cathedral Parkway) to the south and 113th Street to the north. The cathedral's main entrance on the west is along the same axis as 112th Street. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine With a diameter of 40 feet (12 m), the rose window is the largest rose window in the U.S. Flanking the rose window on either side are two grisaille windows, each with two lancet windows under a smaller rose. The seven archangels are depicted in the north grisaille, while the seven churches of Asia are depicted in the south grisaille. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The sub-bays also contain another stained-glass arrangement at clerestory level, each with two lancet windows and one rose window. The clerestory arrangements each measure 45 feet (14 m) long by 12 feet (3.7 m) wide. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine An ambulatory, measuring 250 feet (76 m) long and 14 feet (4.3 m) wide, surrounds the choir to the north, east, and south, making a rough "U" shape with the two ends of the "U" facing west. The floor is covered with red clay-colored tiles that contain green-serpentine borders. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cathedral of St. John the Divine The ninth sanctuary, dedicated to Basil Fool for Christ (the 1460s–1552), was added in 1588 next to the north-eastern sanctuary of the Three Patriarchs. Another local fool, Ivan the Blessed, was buried on the church grounds in 1589; a sanctuary in his memory was established in 1672 inside the south-eastern arcade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Basil's Cathedral The last donkey walk (хождение на осляти) took place in 1693. Mikhail Petrovich Kudryavtsev noted that all cross processions of the period began, as described by Petreius, from the Dormition Church, passed through St. Frol's (Saviour's) Gate and ended at Trinity Cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Saint Basil's Cathedral Ghiberti worked with Filippo Brunelleschi on the cathedral for eighteen years and had a large number of projects on almost the whole east end. Some of his works were the stained glass designs, the bronze shrine of Saint Zenobius and marble revetments on the outside of the cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Florence Cathedral It is composed of a stair turret at each extremity, with two niched buttresses nearer the centre line supporting the large central triple window. The stair turrets are topped with spirelets, and the central section is topped by a gable which contains four lancet windows topped by two round quatrefoil windows surmounted by a mandorla containing Christ in Majesty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Salisbury Cathedral The purpose of stained glass windows in a church was both to enhance the beauty of their setting and to inform the viewer through narrative or symbolism. The subject matter was generally religious in churches, though "portraits" and heraldry are often included, and many narrative scenes give valuable insights into the medieval world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Medieval stained glass Variation in colour hue and depth would also probably be affected by the source of the beech wood ash, depending on the soil chemistry where the beech tree grew, the age of the tree and the climate conditions. Some of the stronger reds, blues and greens that are a feature of medieval stained glass rely on the addition of copper oxides. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Medieval stained glass Other glass colours may also be flashed. These techniques could be remarkably sophisticated as demonstrated by 15thc. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Medieval stained glass Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although traditionally made in flat panels and used as windows, the creations of modern stained glass artists also include three-dimensional structures and sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Stained glass, as an art and a craft, requires the artistic skill to conceive an appropriate and workable design, and the engineering skills to assemble the piece. A window must fit snugly into the space for which it is made, must resist wind and rain, and also, especially in the larger windows, must support its own weight. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass The way the glass is heated and cooled can significantly affect the colours produced by these compounds. The chemistry involved is complex and not well understood. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Ordinary soda-lime glass appears colourless to the naked eye when it is thin, although iron oxide impurities produce a green tint which becomes evident in thick pieces or with the aid of scientific instruments. A number of additives are used to reduce the green tint, particularly if the glass is to be used for plain window glass, rather than stained glass windows. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass The creation of stained glass in Southwest Asia began in ancient times. One of the region's earliest surviving formulations for the production of colored glass comes from the Assyrian city of Nineveh, dating to the seventh century BC. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass The Kitab al-Durra al-Maknuna, attributed to the 8th century alchemist Jābir ibn Hayyān, discusses the production of colored glass in ancient Babylon and Egypt. The Kitab al-Durra al-Maknuna also describes how to create colored glass and artificial gemstones made from high-quality stained glass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Each major ocular window contains a single picture drawn from the Life of Christ or the Life of the Virgin Mary, surrounded by a wide floral border, with two smaller facade windows by Ghiberti showing the martyred deacons, St Stephen and St Lawrence. One of the cupola windows has since been lost, and that by Donatello has lost nearly all of its painted details. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Few remain undamaged; of these the windows in the private chapel at Hengrave Hall in Suffolk are among the finest. With the latter wave of destruction the traditional methods of working with stained glass died, and were not rediscovered in England until the early 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass A major firm was Mayer of Munich, which commenced glass production in 1860, and is still operating as Franz Mayer of Munich, Inc.. German stained glass found a market across Europe, in America and Australia. Stained glass studios were also founded in Italy and Belgium at this time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass His son would continue the tradition as Carl Geyling's Erben, which still exists today. Carl Geyling's Erben completed numerous stained glass windows for major churches in Vienna and elsewhere, and received an Imperial and Royal Warrant of Appointment from emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Among the early well-known 20th-century artists who experimented with stained glass as an Abstract art form were Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian. In the 1960s and 1970s the Expressionist painter Marc Chagall produced designs for many stained glass windows that are intensely coloured and crammed with symbolic details. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass In the 1970s young British stained-glass artists such as Brian Clarke were influenced by the large scale and abstraction in German twentieth-century glass. In the UK, the professional organisation for stained glass artists has been the British Society of Master Glass Painters, founded in 1921. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass Much of the glass is in the style of Chartres Cathedral with deep blue featuring as the background colour in most windows. There are wide borders of stylised floral motifs and small pictorial panels of round, square or diaper shape. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Fairford escaped the depredations of the Puritan era and, uniquely in England, retained its complete medieval cycle of glass. The theme is that of the east window of York, the Salvation of Mankind, but in this case the theme is spread across all the windows of the church, large and small. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Followers of the Aesthetic Movement, who included Burne-Jones and other stained glass designers such as Henry Holiday, propounded a philosophy of "Art for Art's sake". The style that evolved was sensuous and luxurious, linked with the rise of Art Nouveau. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) To Sir Gilbert fell the task of restoration of many of England's finest Medieval structures including Salisbury, Worcester, Chester, Ely and Durham Cathedrals. In the restorations, he was to employ and influence a great number of designers, including major stained glass firms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) His building designs are curious and eclectic combinations of elements from the Classical, the Italian Renaissance, the Egyptian and the Exotic. He designed a number of churches with richly decorated interiors and employed several stained glass firms to furnish them with glass in the appropriate style. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) He concluded that the reason that 19th-century glass lacked brilliance was because it was too flat and regular, allowing the light to pass through directly. He recommended a return to the manufacture of hand-made crown and cylinder glass with all their inherent refractive irregularities for the specific purpose of creating stained glass windows. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) The works of Albrecht Dürer were much admired. One of the advantages of using engravings as a source was that the essentially linear techniques that were employed by the engraver to define forms could be easily interpreted in lead and the fine linear treatment of shadows was likewise easy for the stained glass artist to achieve using the monochrome paint technique. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) In the late 19th century there is often a great richness in the colouration of the windows, marked by a use of tertiary colours including rich purple, salmon pink, olive green, claret red, saffron and brown. Flashed glass was skillfully employed to enhance deep folds in robes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) A somewhat more reserved style emerged in which the vibrant colouration is toned down in favour of backgrounds that are basically white, discreetly enhanced with yellow-stain. The clothing of the figures is often of the darker shades, royal blue, wine red and dark green and is lined or bordered with intricately decorated yellow-stained glass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Rows of apostles, saints, prophets or virtues, each occupying one light and usually set in an architectural frame surmounted by an ornate canopy. In the case of a large window with an irregular number of lights, the figure of Jesus or the Virgin with the Christ Child is usually at the centre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918) Gaudí's original design calls for a total of eighteen spires, representing in ascending order of height the Twelve Apostles, the Virgin Mary, the four Evangelists and, tallest of all, Jesus Christ. Eight spires have been built as of 2010, corresponding to four apostles at the Nativity façade and four apostles at the Passion façade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sagrada Família In contrast to the highly decorated Nativity Façade, the Passion Façade is austere, plain and simple, with ample bare stone, and is carved with harsh straight lines to resemble the bones of a skeleton. Dedicated to the Passion of Christ, the suffering of Jesus during his crucifixion, the façade was intended to portray the sins of man. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sagrada Família The scenes sculpted into the façade may be divided into three levels, which ascend in an S form and reproduce the stations of the Cross (Via Crucis of Christ). The lowest level depicts scenes from Jesus' last night before the crucifixion, including the Last Supper, Kiss of Judas, Ecce homo, and the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sagrada Família Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass. He is the American artist most associated with the Art Nouveau and Aesthetic movements. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Louis Comfort Tiffany He was affiliated with a prestigious collaborative of designers known as the Associated Artists, which included Lockwood de Forest, Candace Wheeler, and Samuel Colman. Tiffany designed stained glass windows and lamps, glass mosaics, blown glass, ceramics, jewelry, enamels, and metalwork. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Louis Comfort Tiffany Tiffany used opalescent glass in a variety of colors and textures to create a unique style of stained glass. Tiffany acquired Stanford Bray's patent (https://patents.google.com/patent/US349424A/en)for the "copper foil" technique, which, by edging each piece of cut glass in copper foil and soldering the whole together to create his windows and lamps, made possible a level of detail previously unknown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Louis Comfort Tiffany The First Presbyterian Church building of 1905 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is said to be unique in that it uses Tiffany windows that partially make use of painted glass. Use of the colored glass itself to create stained glass pictures was motivated by the ideals of the Arts and Crafts movement and its leader William Morris in England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Louis Comfort Tiffany All of the effects of the image are created by the colours of the pieces of glass. A single medallion at Canterbury Cathedral depicting Noah's Ark, no larger than a square foot (0.1m2), contains more than fifty pieces of glass, of blue, greenish-blue, green, and bits of white glass for the foam of the sea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows The Thomas Becket window features a decorative border in a repeat geometric pattern called a "mosaic diaper", which became a common feature of English windows in this period. Another novel feature of this window is a background of blue enamel painted on the glass, then scratched out to form a diaper pattern. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows This also became a common feature of later English windows. The Thomas Becket Window at Canterbury bears a striking resemblance to the Thomas Becket window in Sens Cathedral in France, where Becket spent his exile, and the home of William of Sens, the architect of the remodelling of Canterbury. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows However, four of the windows of Trinity Chapel still have most of their original glass, and the others were restored in the 19th century with imitations of the old glass. Another important 13th-century window is the "Five Sisters" window at York Minster (about 1260), notable especially for its large size and density of images. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows A major change in the 14th-century glass was a great reduction in the number of pieces of glass in a single window, which gave it a mosaic appearance. This was made possible by a technique called silver stain, which added a very thin coat of glass mixed with silver compounds, particularly silver nitrate, which was baked onto the outside of the window. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows The most elaborate decoration was not in the painted glass, but in the tracery, in the stone mullions and iron bars that formed the framework for the window. Examples included the west window of York Minster, whose glass was Decorated curvilinear, but whose tracery, especially at the top of the window, resembled that of the later French Flamboyant style. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows Rose windows were rare in English Gothic cathedrals, but Lincoln Cathedral produced two fine examples: the Dean's Eye in the north transept and the Bishop's Eye in the south transept. The Dean's Eye was begun by the French-born Bishop, Saint Hugh of Lincoln, in the Early Gothic period in 1192, and was completed in 1235. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows Colourful figures occupied windows of the south transept window at York Minister, surrounded by delicately-coloured quarries, or panels, rather than a white background. Additional colour was brought in by adding touches of gold (made with silver stain) to the painted architectural canopies, pinnacles and crockets around and above the figures. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows The International Gothic style, which appeared in the first half of the 15th century, was the final form of European Gothic, which borrowed from French, Dutch and German artists, and influenced the English style. German engraving and Flemish painting of the period had a particular influence on stained glass, not only in England but across Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) English Gothic stained glass windows To quote Louis Grodecki, it was in the Abbey Church of St Denis "that Gothic architecture first emerges as a consistent way of building, fruitful in its solutions of independent ogives, arcus singulariter voluti as the abbot called them. The works at St Denis also included the first-ever rose window in its west façade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Augustine of Hippo's City of God had already written that heretics would escape eternal damnation if they had received baptism and communion. Sacraments were often at the centre of stained glass windows, such as the windows on the lives of St Martin, St Paul and St Sylvester at Chartres, the third of these showing that saint's baptism of Constantine the Great. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Sacraments were often at the centre of stained glass windows, such as the windows on the lives of St Martin, St Paul and St Sylvester at Chartres, the third of these showing that saint's baptism of Constantine the Great. The Chartres windows on the lives of the Apostles also showed them baptising new disciples. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Understanding and interpreting the windows can be difficult in an era out of contact with medieval theology, teachings and sermons commenting on the Gothic cathedrals' stained glass windows. However, the presence of the famous 12th-century School of Chartres suggests that the precise placing of the windows had meaning for their designers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral The rose window was made sixty years later, in 1215, after the 1195 fire, with the new cathedral's nave higher. Its centre shows Christ the Judge showing his windows, angels and the four beasts from the Book of Revelation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral At the window's centre is Christ in Majesty, whilst running clockwise from bottom left the first circle shows the four living creatures of a lion, a bull, a man and an eagle, also seen as symbols of the Four Evangelists. The other windows show censing angels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral Blanche of Castile and Louis IX funded the north façade of the transepts, whilst those on the south façade of the transepts were paid for by Pierre de Dreux. Nearly thirty confraternities and corporations also funded windows and are also shown, including those for carpenters, labourers, wine growers, masons, stone cutters, drapers, furriers and bakers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stained glass windows of Chartres Cathedral This "New Work" was consecrated in 1300 but not complete until 1314. During the later Medieval period St Paul's was exceeded in length only by the Abbey Church of Cluny and in the height of its spire only by Lincoln Cathedral and St. Mary's Church, Stralsund. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Paul's Cathedral The plan may have been influenced by the Temple Church. It was rejected because it was not thought "stately enough". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Paul's Cathedral In summer 2010, St Paul's chose two new works by the British artist Mark Alexander to be hung either side of the nave. Both entitled Red Mannheim, Alexander's large red silkscreens are inspired by the Mannheim Cathedral altarpiece (1739–41), which was damaged by bombing in the Second World War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St Paul's Cathedral The exterior and interior are constructed of white and greenish-black marble in alternating stripes, with the addition of red marble on the façade. Black and white are the symbolic colors of Siena, etiologically linked to black and white horses of the legendary city's founders, Senius and Aschius. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Siena Cathedral Pisano's work on the lower façade was continued under the direction of Camaino di Crescentino, but a number of changes were made to the original plan. These included raising the façade due to the raising of the nave of the church and the installation of a larger rose window based on designs by Duccio di Buoninsegna and commissioned by the city of Siena. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Siena Cathedral These included raising the façade due to the raising of the nave of the church and the installation of a larger rose window based on designs by Duccio di Buoninsegna and commissioned by the city of Siena. Work on the west façade came to an abrupt end in 1317 when the Opera del Duomo redirected all efforts to the east façade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Siena Cathedral The vaulted roof is decorated in blue with golden stars, replacing frescoes on the ceiling, while the formerets (half ribs) and the tiercerons (secondary ribs) are adorned with richly elaborated motifs. The stained-glass round window in the choir was made in 1288 to the designs of Duccio. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Siena Cathedral Suger described the finished work at Saint-Denis as "a circular string of chapels, by virtue of which the whole church would shine with the wonderful and uninterrupted light of most luminous windows, pervading the interior beauty". This continued to be the guiding reason for stained glass windows throughout the Gothic period. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows "One window at Saint-Denis illustrated the patron himself, Abbot Suger, at the feet of the Virgin Mary. The Abbey also had a Tree of Jessé window, depicting the genealogy of Christ, which became a common feature at Gothic cathedrals for the next century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows A few important examples of 12th-century windows are found at Chartres Cathedral on the inside of the western facade, in three lancet windows under the rose window. These windows survived a devastating fire in the Cathedral in 1194, and are considered some of the best examples of 12th-century work in France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows These windows survived a devastating fire in the Cathedral in 1194, and are considered some of the best examples of 12th-century work in France. They introduced the famous Chartres blue, glass colored with Cobalt(II) oxide, which cooled and balanced the vivid reds and yellows of the windows. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows They introduced the famous Chartres blue, glass colored with Cobalt(II) oxide, which cooled and balanced the vivid reds and yellows of the windows. Each of the windows also contains a medallion which illustrates its donors; the butchers for the Miracle of the Virgin Window, the water-carriers for the Story of Mary Magdalene window. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Each of the windows also contains a medallion which illustrates its donors; the butchers for the Miracle of the Virgin Window, the water-carriers for the Story of Mary Magdalene window. The cathedral also has an early Tree of Jessé window, illustrating the genealogy of Christ in the shape of a family tree imagined in a dream by the prophet Jesse. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Similar red-blue quadrilateral designs set off the images of heraldic shields, images of the castles of Castille, and especially the royal emblems, the Fleurs-des-Lis. The upper chapel has fifteen windows, composed of 1,113 panels of glass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Nearly two-thirds of the glass is original. Unlike the windows of most Gothic cathedrals, where the windows were primarily devoted to the lives of the Saints and Apostles, the windows of Sainte-Chapelle were primarily devoted to the relics preserved in the chapel; fragments believed to be from the True Cross and the Crown of Thorns from the Crucifixion of Christ. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The Cathedrals of Amiens, Troyes, Reims and Chalons-sur-Marne in northern France were among the first to adopt the new Rayonnant window styles, alongside windows in the earlier 1200 style. The new windows of Troyes Cathedral in the Champagne region featured intense colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Each vertical section of window usually contained two tall figures, one over the other, surrounded by grisaille. At Evreux Cathedral, whose windows date from the whole span of the 14th century, the figures often include small colored panels showing the donors of the windows with their patron saints. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Like other windows of the period, much of the window is grisaille, allowing in a maximum of light, while the figures are framed by elaborate architectural detail, matching the ornate architecture of the church itself. The Flamboyant windows gradually abandoned mosaic-like appearance of the early stained glass windows, and came more and more to resemble paintings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows In the second half of the 15th century, the art of stained glass revived dramatically in France, and approached closer and closer to that of painting, with the use of perspective and other painterly techniques. But before long France gradually lost its dominance, as International Gothic style, particularly in Germany and Flanders rose in prominence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The work of the Flemish Van Eyck brothers became the inspiration for windows across Europe. The general characteristics of French stained glass in this period include whole panels filled with decorative canopy work, almost all in white, with just touches of stain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The general characteristics of French stained glass in this period include whole panels filled with decorative canopy work, almost all in white, with just touches of stain. The canopy designs were intricate patterns of line and form to accompany the intricate details of the Flamboyant interiors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Stained glass workshops were located in the major European cities, and began to dedicate more and more of their time to the maintenance of existing windows. The makers of stained glass were declared exempt from taxes at the end of the 15th century by King Charles V of France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The makers of stained glass were declared exempt from taxes at the end of the 15th century by King Charles V of France. Stained glass artists also began to have a wider variety of clients; not only kings but also wealthy aristocrats and merchants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The Duc Jean de Berry, brother of King Charles V, commissioned stained glass windows for his residence in Bourges. As paper became more common, drawings of prominent windows circulated around Europe, and the same design could be used in several different cities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Bourges, under The Duke Jean du Berry, the brother of King Charles V of France, was a major center for stained glass in the 15th century. It had its own Sainte-Chapelle, which was destroyed in the French Revolution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The first step in making the window was the design, a colored drawing about one-tenth of full size, made for the approval of the master builder and the patron of the windows. This plan showed the design of the lead and iron framework that held the glass together, and the colors of each piece. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows This was done by putting a layer of semi-transparent enamel over the whole surface of the glass, and, when it was dry, but before it was fired, using a small stiff hog's hair brush to brush out the graded lights and half-tones. This allowed much greater realism and detail, and moved stained glass art even closer to painting. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows The mullions and bars were modified into curvilinear forms, outlining the panels of the glass, creating elaborate designs within the window. The mullions of Notre-Dame de Paris spread outwards from the center like the rays of the sun, giving Rayonnant style its name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Houvet, Etienne (2019). Chartres - Guide of the Cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) French Gothic stained glass windows Window replaced the Old English eagþyrl, which literally means 'eye-hole,' and 'eagduru' 'eye-door'. Many Germanic languages, however, adopted the Latin word 'fenestra' to describe a window with glass, such as standard Swedish 'fönster', or German 'Fenster'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window Many Germanic languages, however, adopted the Latin word 'fenestra' to describe a window with glass, such as standard Swedish 'fönster', or German 'Fenster'. The use of window in English is probably because of the Scandinavian influence on the English language by means of loanwords during the Viking Age. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window 100 AD cast glass windows, albeit with poor optical properties, began to appear, but these were small thick productions, little more than blown glass jars (cylindrical shapes) flattened out into sheets with circular striation patterns throughout. It would be over a millennium before a window glass became transparent enough to see through clearly, as we think of it now. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window Over the centuries techniques were developed to shear through one side of a blown glass cylinder and produce thinner rectangular window panes from the same amount of glass material. This gave rise to tall narrow windows, usually separated by a vertical support called a mullion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window They are used extensively in tropical architecture. A jalousie door is a door with a jalousie window. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window The window can be vertically or horizontally oriented, openable or dead. It can also be regular or elongately-shaped and can have a separator (mullion). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window In older windows, large panes of glass were quite expensive, so muntins let smaller panes fill a larger space. In modern windows, light-colored muntins still provide a useful function by reflecting some of the light going through the window, making the window itself a source of diffuse light (instead of just the surfaces and objects illuminated within the room). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window Modern aluminium window frames are typically separated by a thermal break made of a glass fibre reinforced polyamide. With a 34 mm thermal insulation profile it is possible to reach Uf= 1.3 W/m2K for a metal window. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Window When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. King Charles I made the Deanery his palace and held his Parliament in the Great Hall during the English Civil War. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. The Dean lives on site in a grand sixteenth-century house in the main quadrangle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. The meadow itself is inhabited by English Longhorn cattle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford They appeared in Howard Goodall's Big Bangs, broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 in March 2000. Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. Most undergraduate tutorials are carried out in the college, though for some specialist subjects undergraduates may be sent to tutors in other colleges. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford
10017.	Q: In the painting of the crucifixion that is on the wall between Huguet's paintings of Bartholomew and Mary Magdalene how many halos can be seen? Title = Jaume Huguet - Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew, Calvary and Death of Saint Mary Magdalene - Google Art Project Description = A: 6 Relevant Wikipedia Pages: The Magdalene Sisters, St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, Church of Mary Magdalene, Factions of Halo, Freddie Bartholomew, Bartholomew Ogbeche, Halo 3, St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham, Halo (optical phenomenon), Gospel of Mary, Halo Array, Mary Magdalene (disambiguation), Relics of Mary Magdalene, Halo 2, Halo effect, Mary of Bethany, Bartholomew the Apostle, Bartholomew I of Constantinople, Bartholomew (disambiguation), Mary Magdalene, Magdalene (album), Halo (franchise), Halo 5: Guardians, Will Bartholomew, Edwina Bartholomew, Bartholomew Roberts, Mary Magdalene (2018 film), Gospel of Bartholomew, Halo (safety device), Halo: Combat Evolved Toggle details	In Pistis Sophia the Mary concerned is identified as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Gospel of Mary All four canonical gospels agree that Mary Magdalene, along with several other women, watched Jesus's crucifixion from a distance. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mary Magdalene Maurice Casey concurs that the presence of Mary Magdalene and the other women at the crucifixion of Jesus may be recorded as a historical fact. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mary Magdalene And the companion of the saviour [was] Mary Magdalene. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mary Magdalene In all the four canonical gospels, Mary Magdalene was a witness to the crucifixion of Jesus and, in the Synoptic Gospels, she was also present at his burial. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Mary Magdalene John 19:25 lists Mary, mother of Jesus, her sister, Mary, wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene as witnesses to the crucifixion. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Mary Magdalene The church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene, the companion of Jesus. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Church of Mary Magdalene There is no scientific way to determine if the skull is Mary Magdalene's. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Relics of Mary Magdalene These texts were written long after the death of the historical Mary Magdalene. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene Gregory states that Mary Magdalene was buried in the city of Ephesus. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene Then the governor's wife rises from the dead and tells him that Mary Magdalene has brought her back. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene Zwingli demanded for the cult of Mary Magdalene to be abolished and all images of her to be destroyed. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene Poems about Mary Magdalene's repentance were also popular. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene This portrayal is partially based on the Gnostic Gospel of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mary Magdalene In the Gospel of Philip, a similar statement is made about Mary Magdalene. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Gospel of Mary The purported skull of Mary Magdalene was analyzed in 1974 and has remained sealed inside a glass case since then. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Relics of Mary Magdalene Hugh Pope then explained the identification of Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene by the presumption that, because of Jesus’ high praise of her deed of anointing him, it would be incredible that she should also not have been at his crucifixion and resurrection. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary of Bethany Mary Magdalene, sometimes called Mary of Magdala, or simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine, was a woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to his crucifixion and its aftermath. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene Although the Gospel of Mark, reputed by scholars to be the earliest surviving gospel, does not mention Mary Magdalene until Jesus's crucifixion, the Gospel of Luke 8:2–3 provides a brief summary of her role during his ministry: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene According to Matthew 28:1–10, Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" went to the tomb. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene Two of the sayings reference a woman named "Mary", who is generally regarded as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene The text was probably written over a century after the historical Mary Magdalene's death. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene Most of the earliest Church Fathers do not mention Mary Magdalene at all, and those who do mention her usually only discuss her very briefly. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene The sermon also explicitly identifies Mary Magdalene and the other women as "apostles". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene Mk 16:9 emphasizes the special role of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene There are many references to Mary Magdalene in the writings of the Baháʼí Faith, where she enjoys an exalted status as a heroine of faith and the "archetypal woman of all cycles". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mary Magdalene " The final scene in the Gospel of Mary may also provide evidence that Mary is indeed Mary Magdalene. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Gospel of Mary King also argues in favor of naming Mary Magdalene as the central figure in the Gospel of Mary. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Gospel of Mary That is why he loved her more than us." In the Gospel of Philip, a similar statement is made about Mary Magdalene. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Gospel of Mary This led to a conflation of Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene as well as with another woman (beside Mary of Bethany who anointed Jesus), and the woman caught in adultery. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary of Bethany Saint Bartholomew is credited with many other miracles having to do with the weight of objects. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bartholomew the Apostle Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bartholomew the Apostle For these reasons, Mary Magdalene is known in some Christian traditions as the "apostle to the apostles". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene Matthew 27:61 lists Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" as witnesses. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene According to John 20:1–10, Mary Magdalene went to the tomb alone when it was still dark and saw that the stone had already been rolled away. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of John therefore portrays Mary Magdalene as the first apostle, the apostle sent to the apostles. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene There were three who always walked with the Lord: Mary, his mother, and her sister, and Magdalene, who was called his companion. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Philip also contains another passage relating to Jesus's relationship with Mary Magdalene. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene Also they [the Cathars] teach in their secret meetings that Mary Magdalene was the wife of Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 22 July. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene There were three who always walked with the Lord: Mary, his mother, and her sister, and Magdalene, who was called his companion. His sister, his mother and his companion were each a Mary. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene And the companion of the saviour [was] Mary Magdalene. [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene A massive number of Baroque paintings and sculptures depict the penitent Magdalene, often showing her naked or partially naked, with a strong emphasis on her erotic beauty. Poems about Mary Magdalene's repentance were also popular. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mary Magdalene He lived under the care of his aunt "Cissie", Millicent Mary Bartholomew, who raised him and became his surrogate mother. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Freddie Bartholomew The idea that there would be a gospel from Mary Magdalene is “controversial,” however because Andrew objected to the strangeness of Mary’s revelations from Jesus. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gospel of Mary According to Bart Ehrman, "Mary (Magdalene) is accorded a high status among the apostles of Jesus." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gospel of Mary Mark Adamo's 2013 opera The Gospel of Mary Magdalene is based largely on the Gospel of Mary and the Gospel of John. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gospel of Mary Peter has the same role in the Gospel of Thomas and in Pistis Sophia. In Pistis Sophia the Mary concerned is identified as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gospel of Mary In Pistis Sophia the Mary concerned is identified as Mary Magdalene. " The final scene in the Gospel of Mary may also provide evidence that Mary is indeed Mary Magdalene. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gospel of Mary The relics of Mary Magdalene refers to a set of human remains that purportedly belonged to the Christian saint. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Relics of Mary Magdalene In Eastern Christianity and some Protestant traditions, Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene are considered separate people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary of Bethany Since Mary Magdalene is reported to have been present on those occasions, by this reasoning, she must therefore be the same person as Mary of Bethany: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary of Bethany In another sermon, Gregory specifically identified Mary Magdalene as the sister of Martha mentioned in Luke 10. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary of Bethany In Orthodox Church tradition, Mary of Bethany is honored as a separate individual from Mary Magdalene. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary of Bethany The representation of Bartholomew's demise in the National Gallery painting differs significantly from all other depictions by Ribera. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bartholomew the Apostle During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is considered to be a saint by the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene It is widely accepted among secular historians that, like Jesus, Mary Magdalene was a real historical figure. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene The twelve were with him, as well as some women who had been cured of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary, called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out, and Joanna, the wife of Herod's steward Chuza, and Susanna, and many others, who provided for them out of their resources. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Ehrman states that the presence of Mary Magdalene and the other women at the cross is probably historical because Christians would have been unlikely to make up that the main witnesses to the crucifixion were women and also because their presence is independently attested in both the Synoptic Gospels and in the Gospel of John. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene's role in the resurrection narrative is greatly increased in the account from the Gospel of John. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene He also says that the story of Mary Magdalene discovering the empty tomb is independently attested in the Synoptics, the Gospel of John, and in the Gospel of Peter. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Such works often support sensationalist statements about Jesus and Mary Magdalene's relationship. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Of the sixty-four questions, thirty-nine are presented by a woman who is referred to as Mary or Mary Magdalene. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene " This may indicate that Mary Magdalene was already being conflated with the "sinful woman" in Luke 7:36–50, though Tertullian never clearly identifies the woman of whom he speaks as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Instead, Augustine praised Mary Magdalene as "unquestionably... surpassingly more ardent in her love than these other women who had administered to the Lord". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene In western Europe, elaborate and conflicting legends began to develop, which said that Mary Magdalene had travelled to southern France and died there. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Baháʼís have noted parallels between Mary Magdalene and the Babí heroine-poet Táhirih. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene The same passage also states that seven demons had been driven out of her, a statement which is repeated in Mark 16. In all the four canonical gospels, Mary Magdalene was a witness to the crucifixion of Jesus and, in the Synoptic Gospels, she was also present at his burial. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Nonetheless, very little is known about her life. Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own. She was never mentioned in any of the Pauline epistles or in any of the general epistles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene All four canonical gospels agree that Mary Magdalene, along with several other women, watched Jesus's crucifixion from a distance. Mark 15:40 lists the names of the women present as Mary Magdalene; Mary, mother of James; and Salome. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Luke 23:49 mentioned a group of women watching the crucifixion, but did not give any of their names. John 19:25 lists Mary, mother of Jesus, her sister, Mary, wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene as witnesses to the crucifixion. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene John 19:25 lists Mary, mother of Jesus, her sister, Mary, wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene as witnesses to the crucifixion. Virtually all reputable historians agree that Jesus was crucified by the Romans under the orders of Pontius Pilate. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene New Testament apocrypha writings mention Mary Magdalene. Some of these writings were cited as scripture by early Christians. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene The text was probably written over a century after the historical Mary Magdalene's death. The text is not attributed to her and its author is anonymous. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Then the governor's wife rises from the dead and tells him that Mary Magdalene has brought her back. The whole family returns to Marseille, where they meet Mary again in person. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene Mk 16:9 emphasizes the special role of Mary Magdalene. She is the first to meet the Risen Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene The site's critics consensus reads, "Mary Magdalene has obvious reverence for its subject --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) Former Magdalene inmate Mary-Jo McDonagh told Mullan that the reality of the Magdalene asylums was much worse than depicted in the film. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Magdalene Sisters According to the sixteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark, Mary Magdalene was the first to see Christ after his resurrection (Mark 16:9). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Mary Magdalene St Mary Magdalene Church is a church in Sandringham, Norfolk, England, located just to the southwest of Sandringham House. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham The church is dedicated to Jesus' companion Mary Magdalene, and the current rector is the Reverend Canon Jonathon Riviere. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham The Grade II* listed church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and is described as a small building in the Perpendicular style, "nobly lying on raised ground". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham Valantasis writes in The Beliefnet Guide to Gnosticism and Other Vanished Christianities (see Beliefnet) that the Mary here is Mary Magdalene. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gospel of Mary In the Gospel of Philip, a similar statement is made about Mary Magdalene. King also argues in favor of naming Mary Magdalene as the central figure in the Gospel of Mary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gospel of Mary However, while many scholars take for granted the Gnostic character of the Gospel of Mary, the Gnostic beliefs concerning creation theory and the Demiurge that would suggest an extreme dualism in the creation is not present in the portions currently retrieved. According to Bart Ehrman, "Mary (Magdalene) is accorded a high status among the apostles of Jesus." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gospel of Mary According to Bart Ehrman, "Mary (Magdalene) is accorded a high status among the apostles of Jesus." Levi actually acknowledges that Jesus loved her more than he loved all of the other apostles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gospel of Mary Medieval Western Christianity identified Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene and with the sinful woman of Luke 7:36–50. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary of Bethany This influenced the Roman Rite liturgy of the feast of Mary Magdalene, with a Gospel reading about the sinful woman and a collect referring to Mary of Bethany. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary of Bethany “Martha, Martha,” the Lord answered, “you are worried and upset about many things, but only one thing is needed. Mary has chosen what is better, and it will not be taken away from her.” --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary of Bethany This led to a conflation of Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene as well as with another woman (beside Mary of Bethany who anointed Jesus), and the woman caught in adultery. Eastern Christianity never adopted this identification. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary of Bethany Of the many miracles claimed to have been performed by Bartholomew before and after his death, two are known by the townsfolk of the small Italian island of Lipari. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bartholomew the Apostle Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. Saint Bartholomew is often depicted in lavish medieval manuscripts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bartholomew the Apostle These texts portray Mary Magdalene as an apostle, as Jesus's closest and most beloved disciple and the only one who truly understood his teachings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Mark 15:40 lists the names of the women present as Mary Magdalene; Mary, mother of James; and Salome. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Mark 15:47 lists Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses as witnesses to the burial of Jesus. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Origen also preserves a statement from Celsus that some Christians in his day followed the teachings of a woman named "Mariamme", who is almost certainly Mary Magdalene. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene The first clear identification of Mary Magdalene as a redeemed sinner comes from Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306 – 373). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene The Benedictine Order always celebrated Mary of Bethany together with Martha and Lazarus of Bethany on July 29, while Mary Magdalene was celebrated on July 22. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Starting in around 1050, the monks of the Abbey of la Madaleine, Vézelay in Burgundy said they discovered Mary Magdalene's actual skeleton. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Because the cult of Mary Magdalene was inextricably associated with the Catholic teaching of the intercession of saints, it came under particularly harsh criticism by Protestant leaders. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene During the Counter-Reformation, Roman Catholicism began to strongly emphasize Mary Magdalene's role as a penitent sinner. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene For Mary Magdalene, H.373, motet for 2 voices, 2 flutes and continuo (date unknown). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Raymond E. Brown, commenting on this fact, remarks that Hrabanus Maurus frequently applies the word "apostle" to Mary Magdalene in this work. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Maurice Casey rejects the idea of Mary Magdalene as Jesus's wife as nothing more than wild popular sensationalism. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene It is widely accepted among secular historians that, like Jesus, Mary Magdalene was a real historical figure. Nonetheless, very little is known about her life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Matthew 27:55–56 lists Mary Magdalene, Mary mother of James and Joseph, and the unnamed mother of the sons of Zebedee (who may be the same person Mark calls Salome). Luke 23:49 mentioned a group of women watching the crucifixion, but did not give any of their names. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene These texts were written long after the death of the historical Mary Magdalene. They are not regarded by bible scholars as reliable sources of information about her life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Nonetheless, the texts have been frequently promoted in modern works as though they were reliable. Such works often support sensationalist statements about Jesus and Mary Magdalene's relationship. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Some scholars believe that at least a few of these sayings may authentically be traced back to the historical Jesus. Two of the sayings reference a woman named "Mary", who is generally regarded as Mary Magdalene. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Philip also contains another passage relating to Jesus's relationship with Mary Magdalene. The text is badly fragmented, and speculated but unreliable additions are shown in brackets: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene It contains information about the role of women in the early church. The text was probably written over a century after the historical Mary Magdalene's death. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene [...] Hence she came to be called "the apostle of the Apostles". Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mary Magdalene Those who liken themselves to Mary Magdalene, who deprived herself of all pleasures of the flesh including food and drink, eat hearty breakfasts of buttered toast and bacon while the working women subsist on oatmeal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Magdalene Sisters Peter Mullan has remarked that the film was initially made because victims of Magdalene asylums had received no closure in the form of recognition, compensation or apology, and many remained lifelong devout Catholics. Former Magdalene inmate Mary-Jo McDonagh told Mullan that the reality of the Magdalene asylums was much worse than depicted in the film. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Magdalene Sisters Since 1981, Elizabeth and Barbara are venerated as "new martyrs" by the Orthodox Church in Exile at St. Mary Magdalene, Gethsemane. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Mary Magdalene The church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene, the companion of Jesus. According to the sixteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark, Mary Magdalene was the first to see Christ after his resurrection (Mark 16:9). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Mary Magdalene Peeter Vähi's oratorio Mary Magdalene Gospel (2010-2011) is based on surviving fragments of the original Coptic text of the Gospel of Mary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gospel of Mary " The final scene in the Gospel of Mary may also provide evidence that Mary is indeed Mary Magdalene. Levi, in his defense of Mary and her teaching, tells Peter, "Surely the Savior knows her very well. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gospel of Mary Mary is contrasted with her sister Martha, who was "cumbered about many things"[Lk 10:40] while Jesus was their guest, while Mary had chosen "the better part," that of listening to the master's discourse. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary of Bethany In Orthodox Church tradition, Mary of Bethany is honored as a separate individual from Mary Magdalene. Though they are not specifically named as such in the gospels, the Orthodox Church counts Mary and Martha among the Myrrh-bearing Women. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary of Bethany He has also been identified as Nathanael or Nathaniel, who appears in the Gospel of John when introduced to Jesus by Philip (who also became an apostle; John 1:43–51), although many modern commentators reject the identification of Nathanael with Bartholomew. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle In reality, the statue is made from many kilograms of silver and it is considered a miracle that it was not melted down. Saint Bartholomew is credited with many other miracles having to do with the weight of objects. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle As in Michelangelo’s Last Judgement, the saint is often depicted with both the knife and his skin. Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle Mary's epithet Magdalene may mean that she came from the town of Magdala, a fishing town on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee in Roman Judea. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Luke 8:2–3 lists Mary Magdalene as one of the women who traveled with Jesus and helped support his ministry "out of their resources", indicating that she was probably relatively wealthy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed "sinful woman" was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene's epithet Magdalene (ἡ Μαγδαληνή; literally "the Magdalene") most likely means that she came from Magdala, a village on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee that was primarily known in antiquity as a fishing town. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene According to Ehrman, this idea would have probably been particularly appealing and empowering to women of the time, such as Mary Magdalene, who may have felt oppressed by traditional attitudes to gender roles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Sanders affirms Jesus's burial by Joseph of Arimathea in the presence of Mary Magdalene and the other female followers as completely historical. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene This passage made no mention of Mary Magdalene, the other women, or the story of the empty tomb at all, but rather credits Simon Peter with having been the first to see the risen Jesus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene He does conclude later, however, that Mary Magdalene must have been one of the people who had an experience in which she thought she saw the risen Jesus, citing her prominence in the gospel resurrection narratives and her absence everywhere else in the gospels as evidence. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene In these apocryphal texts, Mary Magdalene is portrayed as a visionary and leader of the early movement whom Jesus loved more than he loved the other disciples. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The earliest dialogue between Jesus and Mary Magdalene is probably the Dialogue of the Savior, a badly damaged Gnostic text discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in 1945. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430) entertained the possibility that Mary of Bethany and the unnamed sinner from Luke might be the same person, but did not associate Mary Magdalene with either of them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The "composite Magdalene" was never accepted by the Eastern Orthodox churches, who saw only Mary the disciple, and believed that after the Resurrection she lived as a companion to Mary the mother of Jesus, and not even in the West was it universally accepted. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Stories about noble saints were popular during this time period; accordingly, tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and social status became heavily exaggerated. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene A massive number of Baroque paintings and sculptures depict the penitent Magdalene, often showing her naked or partially naked, with a strong emphasis on her erotic beauty. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Because of the legends saying that Mary Magdalene had been a prostitute, she became the patroness of "wayward women", and, in the eighteenth century, moral reformers established Magdalene asylums to help save women from prostitution. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The early notion of Mary Magdalene as a sinner and adulteress was reflected in Western medieval Christian art, where she was the most commonly depicted female figure after the Virgin Mary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The widespread artistic representations of Mary Magdalene in tears are the source of the modern English word maudlin, meaning "sickeningly sentimental or emotional". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene As the swooning Virgin Mary became more common, generally occupying the attention of John, the unrestrained gestures of Magdalene increasingly represented the main display of the grief of the spectators. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Chapter XXVII of the Life of Mary Magdalene attributed to Hrabanus Maurus (c. 780 – 4 February 856) is headed: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene " The 1552 edition omitted the feast of Saint Mary Magdalene, which was restored to the Book of Common Prayer only after some 400 years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America honors Mary Magdalene on July 22 as an Apostle, albeit as a Lesser Festival. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene In 1998, Ramon K. Jusino proposed an unprecedented argument that the "Beloved Disciple" of the Gospel of John is Mary Magdalene. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Mark 15:47 lists Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses as witnesses to the burial of Jesus. Matthew 27:61 lists Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" as witnesses. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Matthew 27:61 lists Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" as witnesses. Luke 23:55 mentions "the women who had followed him from Galilee", but does not list any of their names. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene According to Matthew 28:1–10, Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" went to the tomb. An earthquake occurred and an angel dressed in white descended from Heaven and rolled aside the stone as the women were watching. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene's role in the resurrection narrative is greatly increased in the account from the Gospel of John. According to John 20:1–10, Mary Magdalene went to the tomb alone when it was still dark and saw that the stone had already been rolled away. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene According to John 20:1–10, Mary Magdalene went to the tomb alone when it was still dark and saw that the stone had already been rolled away. She did not see anyone, but immediately ran to tell Peter and the "beloved disciple", who came with her to the tomb and confirmed that it was empty, but returned home without seeing the risen Jesus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Two of the sayings reference a woman named "Mary", who is generally regarded as Mary Magdalene. In saying 21, Mary herself asks Jesus the perfectly innocuous question, "Whom are your disciples like?" --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Origen also preserves a statement from Celsus that some Christians in his day followed the teachings of a woman named "Mariamme", who is almost certainly Mary Magdalene. Origen merely dismisses this, remarking that Celsus "pours on us a heap of names". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene The sermon describes the conflated woman as a "second Eve" who compensates for the disobedience of the first Eve through her obedience. The sermon also explicitly identifies Mary Magdalene and the other women as "apostles". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Also they [the Cathars] teach in their secret meetings that Mary Magdalene was the wife of Christ. She was the Samaritan woman to whom He said, "Call thy husband". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Because the cult of Mary Magdalene was inextricably associated with the Catholic teaching of the intercession of saints, it came under particularly harsh criticism by Protestant leaders. Zwingli demanded for the cult of Mary Magdalene to be abolished and all images of her to be destroyed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Zwingli demanded for the cult of Mary Magdalene to be abolished and all images of her to be destroyed. John Calvin (1509 – 1564) not only rejected the composite Magdalene, but criticized Catholics as ignorant for having ever believed in it. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Instead, the film portrays her as Jesus's closest disciple and the only one who truly understands his teachings. This portrayal is partially based on the Gnostic Gospel of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Raymond E. Brown, commenting on this fact, remarks that Hrabanus Maurus frequently applies the word "apostle" to Mary Magdalene in this work. However the work is actually no earlier than the 12th century. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene [Lk 24:–11] The Gospel of John (cf. also Mk 16:9 emphasizes the special role of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene Nick Allen of RogerEbert.com gave Mary Magdalene 4 stars, calling it "an extraordinary film" and writing that it "moved me in a way that no previous film about Christianity ever has." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) Peter Mullan has remarked that the film was initially made because victims of Magdalene asylums had received no closure in the form of recognition, compensation or apology, and many remained lifelong devout Catholics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Magdalene Sisters Former Magdalene inmate Mary-Jo McDonagh told Mullan that the reality of the Magdalene asylums was much worse than depicted in the film. Historians have questioned and refuted some of the depictions of these institutions in the film. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Magdalene Sisters He lived under the care of his aunt "Cissie", Millicent Mary Bartholomew, who raised him and became his surrogate mother. Bartholomew was educated at Lord Weymouth's Grammar School in Warminster, and by his Aunt Cissie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Freddie Bartholomew However, while many scholars take for granted the Gnostic character of the Gospel of Mary, the Gnostic beliefs concerning creation theory and the Demiurge that would suggest an extreme dualism in the creation is not present in the portions currently retrieved. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gospel of Mary Arguments in favor of Mary Magdalene are based on her status as a known follower of Jesus, the tradition of being the first witness of his resurrection, and her appearance in other early Christian writings. She is mentioned as accompanying Jesus on his journeys (Luke 8:2) and is listed in the Gospel of Matthew as being present at his crucifixion (Matthew 27:56). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gospel of Mary Mark Adamo's 2013 opera The Gospel of Mary Magdalene is based largely on the Gospel of Mary and the Gospel of John. The libretto also includes quotes from the Gospel of Thomas, Pistis Sophia and the Gospel of Philip. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gospel of Mary Mary has chosen what is better, and it will not be taken away from her.” --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary of Bethany In Eastern Christianity and some Protestant traditions, Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene are considered separate people. The Eastern Orthodox Church has its own traditions regarding Mary of Bethany's life beyond the gospel accounts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary of Bethany In another sermon, Gregory specifically identified Mary Magdalene as the sister of Martha mentioned in Luke 10. But according to a view expressed more recently by theologian Jane Schaberg, Gregory only put the final touch to a legend that already existed before him. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary of Bethany Mary Magdalene is a central figure in later Gnostic Christian writings, including the Dialogue of the Savior, the Pistis Sophia, the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Philip, and the Gospel of Mary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene In the Gnostic texts, or Gnostic gospels, Mary Magdalene's closeness to Jesus results in tension with another disciple, Peter, due to her sex and Peter's jealousy of special teachings given to her. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Elaborate medieval legends from western Europe tell exaggerated tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and beauty, as well as her alleged journey to southern France. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Mary was, by far, the most common Jewish given name for females during the first century, so it was necessary for the authors of the gospels to call her Magdalene in order to distinguish her from the other women named Mary who followed Jesus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The places where she and the other women are mentioned throughout the gospels strongly indicate that they were vital to Jesus's ministry and the fact that Mary Magdalene always appears first, whenever she is listed in the Synoptic Gospels as a member of a group of women, indicates that she was seen as the most important out of all of them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Carla Ricci notes that, in lists of the disciples, Mary Magdalene occupies a similar position among Jesus's female followers as Simon Peter does among the male apostles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Matthew 27:55–56 lists Mary Magdalene, Mary mother of James and Joseph, and the unnamed mother of the sons of Zebedee (who may be the same person Mark calls Salome). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Despite this, all four canonical gospels, as well as the apocryphal Gospel of Peter, agreed that Mary Magdalene, either alone or as a member of a group, was the first person to discover that Jesus's tomb was empty. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The misconception likely arose due to a conflation between Mary Magdalene, Mary of Bethany (who anoints Jesus's feet in John 11:1–12), and the unnamed "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus's feet in Luke 7:36–50. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene In one of his preserved sayings, Gregory of Nyssa (c. 330 – 395) identifies Mary Magdalene as "the first witness to the resurrection, that she might set straight again by her faith in the resurrection, what was turned over in her transgression. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene In Pope Gregory's interpretation, the seven demons expelled from Mary Magdalene by Jesus are transformed into the seven deadly sins of medieval Catholicism, leading Mary "to be condemned not only for lust, but for pride and covetousness as well. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Starting in around the eighth century, Christian sources record mention of a church in Magdala purported to have been built on the site of Mary Magdalene's house, where Jesus exorcized her of the seven demons. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Modestus, the Patriarch of Jerusalem from 630 until 634, describes a slightly different tradition that Mary Magdalene had come to Ephesus to live with the apostle John following the death of Mary the mother of Jesus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene In this account, Mary Magdalene is, in Ehrman's words, "fabulously rich, insanely beautiful, and outrageously sensual", but she gives up her life of wealth and sin to become a devoted follower of Jesus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The monk and historian Domenico Cavalca (c. 1270 – 1342), citing Jerome, suggested that Mary Magdalene was betrothed to John the Evangelist: "I like to think that the Magdalene was the spouse of John, not affirming it... --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene According to historian Michael Haag, these changes were a quiet admission from the Vatican that the Church's previous teaching of Mary Magdalene as a repentant whore had been wrong. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene According to Robert Kiely, "No figure in the Christian Pantheon except Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and John the Baptist has inspired, provoked, or confounded the imagination of painters more than the Magdalene". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The Eastern Orthodox Church has never identified Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany or the "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus in Luke 7:36–50 and has always taught that Mary was a virtuous woman her entire life, even before her conversion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene's image did not become conflated with other women mentioned in Biblical texts until Pope Gregory the Great's sermon in the sixth century, and even then this only occurred in Western traditions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene One folk tradition concerning Mary Magdalene says that following the death and resurrection of Jesus, she used her position to gain an invitation to a banquet given by the Roman Emperor Tiberius in Rome. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Richard J. Hooper does not make the Jusino thesis his own, but says: "Perhaps we should not altogether reject the possibility that some Johannine Christians considered Mary Magdalene to be 'the disciple whom Jesus loved'. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Dan Brown's 2003 bestselling mystery thriller novel The Da Vinci Code popularized a number of erroneous ideas about Mary Magdalene, including that she was a member of the tribe of Benjamin, that she was Jesus's wife, that she was pregnant at the crucifixion, and that she gave birth to Jesus's child, who became the founder of a bloodline which survives to this very day. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Bart D. Ehrman states that the historical sources reveal absolutely nothing about Jesus's sexuality and that there is no evidence whatsoever to support the idea that Jesus and Mary Magdalene were married or that they had any kind of sexual or romantic relationship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Casey argues that the reason for this abrupt ending may be because the Gospel of Mark is an unfinished first draft. According to Matthew 28:1–10, Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" went to the tomb. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of John therefore portrays Mary Magdalene as the first apostle, the apostle sent to the apostles. Because scribes were unsatisfied with the abrupt ending of the Gospel of Mark, they wrote several different alternative endings for it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene In these apocryphal texts, Mary Magdalene is portrayed as a visionary and leader of the early movement whom Jesus loved more than he loved the other disciples. These texts were written long after the death of the historical Mary Magdalene. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The document takes the form of a long dialogue in which Jesus answers his followers' questions. Of the sixty-four questions, thirty-nine are presented by a woman who is referred to as Mary or Mary Magdalene. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene The sermon also explicitly identifies Mary Magdalene and the other women as "apostles". The first clear identification of Mary Magdalene as a redeemed sinner comes from Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306 – 373). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene was the first eyewitness of the Risen Christ, and for this reason she was also the first to bear witness to him before the Apostles. This event, in a sense, crowns all that has been said previously about Christ entrusting divine truths to women as well as men. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene There would have even been precedent for it, since the earlier Italian Renaissance painter Fra Angelico had included her in his painting of the Last Supper. Numerous works were written in response to the historical inaccuracies in The Da Vinci Code, but the novel still exerted massive influence on how members of the general public viewed Mary Magdalene. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is a 2018 biblical drama film about the woman of the same name, written by Helen Edmundson and Philippa Goslett and directed by Garth Davis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) The site's critics consensus reads, "Mary Magdalene has obvious reverence for its subject ; unfortunately, it lacks enough momentum or depth of character to make her story interesting." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) Sister Bridget relishes the money the business receives and it is suggested that little of it is distributed appropriately. Those who liken themselves to Mary Magdalene, who deprived herself of all pleasures of the flesh including food and drink, eat hearty breakfasts of buttered toast and bacon while the working women subsist on oatmeal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Magdalene Sisters St Mary Magdalene Church is a church in Sandringham, Norfolk, England, located just to the southwest of Sandringham House. Members of the British Royal Family attend services when in residence at Sandringham, which normally includes Christmas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham Arguments in favor of Mary Magdalene are based on her status as a known follower of Jesus, the tradition of being the first witness of his resurrection, and her appearance in other early Christian writings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gospel of Mary When the narrative resumes, Mary is no longer recalling her discussion with the Savior. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gospel of Mary The Gospel of Mary is often interpreted as a Gnostic text. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gospel of Mary The purported skull of Mary Magdalene was analyzed in 1974 and has remained sealed inside a glass case since then. Scientists found that it is the skull of a female that lived in the 1st century, who most likely lived until the age of 50, had dark brown hair and was not originally from Southern France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Relics of Mary Magdalene Scientists found that it is the skull of a female that lived in the 1st century, who most likely lived until the age of 50, had dark brown hair and was not originally from Southern France. There is no scientific way to determine if the skull is Mary Magdalene's. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Relics of Mary Magdalene Since the 1969 revision of that liturgy, Mary Magdalene's feast day continues to be on 22 July, but Mary of Bethany is celebrated, together with her brother Lazarus, on 29 July, the memorial of their sister Martha. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany Martha goes immediately to meet Jesus as he arrives, while Mary waits until she is called. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany " When Mary meets Jesus, she falls at his feet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany She had a sister called Mary, who sat at the Lord’s feet listening to what he said. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany For Mary to sit at Jesus' feet, and for him to allow her to do so, was itself controversial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany In medieval Western Christian tradition, Mary of Bethany was identified as Mary Magdalene perhaps in large part because of a homily given by Pope Gregory the Great in which he taught about several women in the New Testament as though they were the same person. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany Hugh Pope enumerated the accounts of each of these three persons (the unnamed "sinner", Mary Magdalene, and Mary of Bethany) in the Gospel of Luke and concluded that, based on these accounts, “there is no suggestion of an identification of the three persons, and if we had only Luke to guide us we should certainly have no grounds for so identifying them [as the same person].” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany Medieval Western Christianity identified Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene and with the sinful woman of Luke 7:36–50. This influenced the Roman Rite liturgy of the feast of Mary Magdalene, with a Gospel reading about the sinful woman and a collect referring to Mary of Bethany. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary of Bethany Consequently, Saint Bartholomew is most often represented being skinned alive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle He is said to have been martyred for having converted Polymius, King of Armenia, to Christianity. He has also been identified as Nathanael or Nathaniel, who appears in the Gospel of John when introduced to Jesus by Philip (who also became an apostle; John 1:43–51), although many modern commentators reject the identification of Nathanael with Bartholomew. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1969, the identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the "sinful woman" was removed from the General Roman Calendar by Pope Paul VI, but the view of her as a former prostitute has persisted in popular culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene According to Mark 16:1–8, the earliest account of the discovery of the empty tomb, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome went to the tomb just after sunrise, a day and half after Jesus's burial and found that the stone had already been rolled away. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The narrator commends Mary stating "she spoke this utterance as a woman who understood everything." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene At another point, he tells her, "Well done, Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene His sister, his mother and his companion were each a Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The Borborites, also known as the Phibionites, were an early Christian Gnostic sect during the late fourth century who had numerous scriptures involving Mary Magdalene, including The Questions of Mary, The Greater Questions of Mary, The Lesser Questions of Mary, and The Birth of Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene has the reputation in Western Christianity as being a repentant prostitute or loose woman; however, these statements are not supported by the canonical gospels, which at no point imply that she had ever been a prostitute or in any way notable for a sinful way of life. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene A sermon attributed to Hippolytus of Rome (c. 170 – 235) refers to Mary of Bethany and her sister Martha seeking Jesus in the garden like Mary Magdalene in John 20, indicating a conflation between Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Part of the reason for the identification of Mary Magdalene as a sinner may derive from the reputation of her birthplace, Magdala, which, by the late first century, was infamous for its inhabitants' alleged vice and licentiousness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Starting in early High Middle Ages, writers in western Europe began developing elaborate fictional biographies of Mary Magdalene's life, in which they heavily embellished upon the vague details given in the gospels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene On December 9, 1279, an excavation ordered by Charles II, King of Naples at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume, Provence, led to the discovery of another purported burial of Mary Magdalene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mary cries tears of joy and, after taking it, she lies down and dies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene In the middle of the fourteenth century, a Dominican friar wrote a biography of Mary Magdalene in which he described her brutally mutilating herself after giving up prostitution, clawing at her legs until they bled, tearing out clumps of her hair, and beating her face with her fists and her breasts with stones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene " Elsewhere it said of the Roman liturgy of July 22 that "it will make mention neither of Mary of Bethany nor of the sinful woman of Luke 7:36–50, but only of Mary Magdalene, the first person to whom Christ appeared after his resurrection". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene In Superstar, Mary describes her sexual attraction to Jesus in the song "I Don't Know How to Love Him", which shocked many of the play's original viewers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Other isolated depictions occur, but, from the thirteenth century, additions to the Virgin Mary and John as the spectators at the Crucifixion become more common, with Mary Magdalene as the most frequently found, either kneeling at the foot of the cross clutching the shaft, sometimes kissing Christ's feet, or standing, usually at the left and behind Mary and John, with her arms stretched upwards towards Christ in a gesture of grief, as in a damaged painting by Cimabue in the upper church at Assisi of c. 1290. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene She mentions in particular Hugh of Cluny (1024–1109), Peter Abelard (1079–1142), and Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153) among those who gave Mary Magdalene the title of apostolorum apostola (apostle of the apostles). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Because of Mary Magdalene's position as an apostle, though not one of those who became official witnesses to the resurrection, the Catholic Church honoured her by reciting the Gloria on her feast day – the only female saint so honoured apart from Mary, the mother of Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The two are similar in many respects, with Mary Magdalene often being viewed as a Christian antecedent of the latter, while Táhirih in her own right could be described as the spiritual return of the Magdalene; especially given their common, shared attributes of "knowledge, steadfastness, courage, virtue and will power", in addition to their importance within the religious movements of Christianity and the Baháʼí Faith as female leaders. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Numerous works were written in response to the historical inaccuracies in The Da Vinci Code, but the novel still exerted massive influence on how members of the general public viewed Mary Magdalene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Ehrman says that, if Jesus had been married to Mary Magdalene, the authors of the gospels would definitely have mentioned it, since they mention all his other family members, including his mother Mary, his father Joseph, his four brothers, and his at least two sisters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene For these reasons, Mary Magdalene is known in some Christian traditions as the "apostle to the apostles". Mary Magdalene is a central figure in later Gnostic Christian writings, including the Dialogue of the Savior, the Pistis Sophia, the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Philip, and the Gospel of Mary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene In the Gnostic texts, or Gnostic gospels, Mary Magdalene's closeness to Jesus results in tension with another disciple, Peter, due to her sex and Peter's jealousy of special teachings given to her. Some fiction portrays her as the wife of Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Jesus taught that, in the imminent kingdom of God, there would be a reversal of roles and those who had been oppressed would be exalted. According to Ehrman, this idea would have probably been particularly appealing and empowering to women of the time, such as Mary Magdalene, who may have felt oppressed by traditional attitudes to gender roles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Mark 15:40 lists the names of the women present as Mary Magdalene; Mary, mother of James; and Salome. Matthew 27:55–56 lists Mary Magdalene, Mary mother of James and Joseph, and the unnamed mother of the sons of Zebedee (who may be the same person Mark calls Salome). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Despite this, all four canonical gospels, as well as the apocryphal Gospel of Peter, agreed that Mary Magdalene, either alone or as a member of a group, was the first person to discover that Jesus's tomb was empty. Nonetheless, the details of the accounts differ drastically. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene In fact, if they had made the story up, they would have had strong motivation to make Peter, Jesus's closest disciple while he was alive, the discoverer of the tomb instead. He also says that the story of Mary Magdalene discovering the empty tomb is independently attested in the Synoptics, the Gospel of John, and in the Gospel of Peter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene He also says that the story of Mary Magdalene discovering the empty tomb is independently attested in the Synoptics, the Gospel of John, and in the Gospel of Peter. N. T. Wright states that "it is, frankly, impossible to imagine that [the women at the tomb] were inserted into the tradition after Paul's day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430) entertained the possibility that Mary of Bethany and the unnamed sinner from Luke might be the same person, but did not associate Mary Magdalene with either of them. Instead, Augustine praised Mary Magdalene as "unquestionably... surpassingly more ardent in her love than these other women who had administered to the Lord". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene Gregory states that Mary Magdalene was buried in the city of Ephesus. Modestus, the Patriarch of Jerusalem from 630 until 634, describes a slightly different tradition that Mary Magdalene had come to Ephesus to live with the apostle John following the death of Mary the mother of Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene In western Europe, elaborate and conflicting legends began to develop, which said that Mary Magdalene had travelled to southern France and died there. Starting in around 1050, the monks of the Abbey of la Madaleine, Vézelay in Burgundy said they discovered Mary Magdalene's actual skeleton. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The monk and historian Domenico Cavalca (c. 1270 – 1342), citing Jerome, suggested that Mary Magdalene was betrothed to John the Evangelist: "I like to think that the Magdalene was the spouse of John, not affirming it... I am glad and blythe that St Jerome should say so". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene John Calvin (1509 – 1564) not only rejected the composite Magdalene, but criticized Catholics as ignorant for having ever believed in it. During the Counter-Reformation, Roman Catholicism began to strongly emphasize Mary Magdalene's role as a penitent sinner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene The Eastern Orthodox Church has never identified Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany or the "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus in Luke 7:36–50 and has always taught that Mary was a virtuous woman her entire life, even before her conversion. They have never celebrated her as a penitent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene They have never celebrated her as a penitent. Mary Magdalene's image did not become conflated with other women mentioned in Biblical texts until Pope Gregory the Great's sermon in the sixth century, and even then this only occurred in Western traditions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene 1065/70–1132).The equivalent of the phrase apostolorum apostola may have appeared already in the 9th century. Chapter XXVII of the Life of Mary Magdalene attributed to Hrabanus Maurus (c. 780 – 4 February 856) is headed: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene " The 1552 edition omitted the feast of Saint Mary Magdalene, which was restored to the Book of Common Prayer only after some 400 years. Modern Protestants honor her as a disciple and friend of Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mary Magdalene I stopped judging myself and at that moment found hope in Magdalene. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Magdalene (album) Bartholomew lives in Sydney and is married with one child. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edwina Bartholomew Those who liken themselves to Mary Magdalene, who deprived herself of all pleasures of the flesh including food and drink, eat hearty breakfasts of buttered toast and bacon while the working women subsist on oatmeal. In one particularly humiliating scene, the women are forced to stand naked in a line after taking a communal shower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Magdalene Sisters Millais was inspired to create the painting after seeing Meyerbeer's Les Huguenots. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre According to the sixteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark, Mary Magdalene was the first to see Christ after his resurrection (Mark 16:9). Although equals, she is usually considered a crucial and important disciple of Jesus, and seemingly his primary female associate, along with Mary of Bethany, whom some believe to have been the same woman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of Mary Magdalene Since 1981, Elizabeth and Barbara are venerated as "new martyrs" by the Orthodox Church in Exile at St. Mary Magdalene, Gethsemane. A statue of Elizabeth is among those of the 20th-century martyrs above the West Door of Westminster Abbey installed in 1998. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of Mary Magdalene Their use of wheels also led many players to feel that they were more fun to drive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Factions of Halo In many Halo video games, they fill an antagonistic role. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Factions of Halo In Warminster, Bartholomew was a precocious actor and was reciting and performing from age three. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew Bartholomew and his second wife divorced by early 1977. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew By the age of three, Freddie was living in Warminster, a town in Wiltshire in southwest England, in his paternal grandparents' home. He lived under the care of his aunt "Cissie", Millicent Mary Bartholomew, who raised him and became his surrogate mother. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew Cortana drops a distress beacon, but acknowledges it may be many years before they are rescued. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Halo 3 The church has been the site of many royal baptisms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham Members of the British Royal Family attend services when in residence at Sandringham, which normally includes Christmas. The church is dedicated to Jesus' companion Mary Magdalene, and the current rector is the Reverend Canon Jonathon Riviere. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham The Grade II* listed church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and is described as a small building in the Perpendicular style, "nobly lying on raised ground". The current building dates to the 16th century and was restored by S. S. Teulon in 1855 and Arthur Blomfield in 1890. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham According to the story, Mary speaks up with words of comfort and encouragement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary Mary responds to Peter’s request by recounting a conversation she had with the Savior about visions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary (Mary) said, "I saw the Lord in a vision and I said to him, ‘Lord, I saw you today in a vision.’" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary Mary said she had a conversation with Jesus, and Andrew and Peter questioned this. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary Valantasis writes in The Beliefnet Guide to Gnosticism and Other Vanished Christianities (see Beliefnet) that the Mary here is Mary Magdalene. Valantasis clarifies that this doesn’t “confirm an earthly marriage between her and Jesus — far from it — but it opens an incredible window into the intellectual and spiritual world of the second century C.E.” --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary Valantasis clarifies that this doesn’t “confirm an earthly marriage between her and Jesus — far from it — but it opens an incredible window into the intellectual and spiritual world of the second century C.E.” The idea that there would be a gospel from Mary Magdalene is “controversial,” however because Andrew objected to the strangeness of Mary’s revelations from Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary The idea that there would be a gospel from Mary Magdalene is “controversial,” however because Andrew objected to the strangeness of Mary’s revelations from Jesus. Peter argued, as Valantasis mentions, that “Jesus would not have revealed such important teachings to a woman,” and that “her stature cannot be greater than that of the male apostles." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary When the narrative resumes, Mary is no longer recalling her discussion with the Savior. She is instead recounting the revelation given to her in her vision. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Mary He was from Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany This would help explain how Mary of Bethany could afford to possess quantities of expensive perfume. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany It is remarkable that already in John 11:2, John has spoken of Mary as "she that anointed the Lord's feet", he aleipsasa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany Together with her siblings Lazarus and Martha, she is described by John as living in the village of Bethany, a small village in Judaea to the south of the Mount of Olives near Jerusalem. Medieval Western Christianity identified Mary of Bethany with Mary Magdalene and with the sinful woman of Luke 7:36–50. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany Since the 1969 revision of that liturgy, Mary Magdalene's feast day continues to be on 22 July, but Mary of Bethany is celebrated, together with her brother Lazarus, on 29 July, the memorial of their sister Martha. In Eastern Christianity and some Protestant traditions, Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene are considered separate people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany In chapter 10 of the Gospel of Luke, Jesus visits the home of two sisters named Mary and Martha, living in an unnamed village. Mary is contrasted with her sister Martha, who was "cumbered about many things"[Lk 10:40] while Jesus was their guest, while Mary had chosen "the better part," that of listening to the master's discourse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany She had a sister called Mary, who sat at the Lord’s feet listening to what he said. But Martha was distracted by all the preparations that had to be made. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary of Bethany In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Giuseppe Simone Assemani specifically remarks, "the Chaldeans confound Bartholomew with Nathaniel". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle One tradition has it that Apostle Bartholomew was executed in Albanopolis in Armenia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Some of Bartholomew's alleged skull was transferred to the Frankfurt Cathedral, while an arm was venerated in Canterbury Cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The order was given to take the silver statue of Saint Bartholomew and melt it down. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle In reality, the statue is made from many kilograms of silver and it is considered a miracle that it was not melted down. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle St Bartholomew is the most prominent flayed Christian martyr. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Saint Bartholomew is often depicted in lavish medieval manuscripts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Bartholomew is depicted on a surgical table, surrounded by tormentors while he is flayed with golden knives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The letter was from Bartholomew the Apostle and declared that an angel told him to set the ark and its contents afloat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Transfixed by Bartholomew's active faith, the executioner seems to have stopped short in his actions, and his furrowed brow and partially illuminated face suggest a moment of doubt, with the possibility of conversion. The representation of Bartholomew's demise in the National Gallery painting differs significantly from all other depictions by Ribera. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1997, Bartholomew received the Congressional Gold Medal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople On Christmas of 1973, Bartholomew became metropolitan of Philadelphia, and was renamed as director of the patriarchal office until his enthronement as Metropolitan of Chalcedon in 1990. From March 1974 until his enthronement as ecumenical patriarch, he was a member of the Holy Synod as well as of many Synodical Committees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople The portrayal of Mary Magdalene as a prostitute began after a series of Easter sermons delivered in 591 when Pope Gregory I conflated Mary Magdalene, who was introduced in Luke 8:2, with Mary of Bethany (Luke 10:39) and the unnamed "sinful woman" who anointed Jesus's feet in Luke 7:36–50. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Because Mary is listed as one of the women who were supporting Jesus's ministry financially, she must have been relatively wealthy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Luke 23:49 mentioned a group of women watching the crucifixion, but did not give any of their names. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Mary's mention in saying 114, however, has generated considerable controversy: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In a manner very similar to John 19:25–26, the Gospel of Philip presents Mary Magdalene among Jesus' female entourage, adding that she was his koinônos, a Greek word variously translated in contemporary versions as partner, associate, comrade, companion: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Mary is the only surviving apocryphal text named after a woman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Unlike in the Gospel of Thomas, where women can only be saved by becoming men, in the Gospel of Mary, they can be saved just as they are. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Andrew the Apostle challenges Mary, insisting, "Say what you think about what she said, but I do not believe the savior said this. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Andrew and Peter's responses are intended to demonstrate that they do not understand Jesus's teachings and that it is really only Mary who truly understands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Then, upon ejaculating, Jesus drank his own semen and told Mary, "Thus we must do, that we may live." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Church Father Origen (c. 184 – c. 253) defended Christianity against this accusation in his apologetic treatise Against Celsus, mentioning Matthew 28:1, which lists Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" both seeing the resurrected Jesus, thus providing a second witness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Ambrose (c. 340 – 397), by contrast, not only rejected the conflation of Mary Magdalene, Mary of Bethany, and the anointing sinner, but even proposed that the authentic Mary Magdalene herself was, in fact, two separate people: one woman named Mary Magdalene who discovered the empty tomb and a different Mary Magdalene who saw the risen Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene This composite depiction of Mary Magdalene was carried into the Mass texts for her feast day: in the Tridentine Mass, the collect explicitly identifies her as Mary of Bethany by describing Lazarus as her brother, and the Gospel is the story of the penitent woman anointing Jesus' feet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Not only John Chrysostom in the East (Matthew, Homily 88), but also Ambrose (De virginitate 3,14; 4,15) in the West, when speaking of Mary Magdalene after the resurrection of Jesus Christ, far from calling her a harlot, suggest she was a virgin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In an eastern tradition supported by the western bishop and historian Gregory of Tours (c. 538 – 594), Mary Magdalene is said to have retired to Ephesus in Asia Minor with Mary the mother of Jesus, where they both lived out the rests of their lives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Under the influence of stories about other female saints, such as Mary of Egypt and Pelagia, painters in Italy during the ninth and tenth centuries gradually began to develop the image of Mary Magdalene living alone in the desert as a penitent ascetic. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene From the twelfth century, Abbot Hugh of Semur (died 1109), Peter Abelard (died 1142), and Geoffrey of Vendome (died 1132) all referred to Mary Magdalene as the sinner who merited the title apostolorum apostola (Apostle to the Apostles), with the title becoming commonplace during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Fourteen years after Jesus's crucifixion, some pagans throw Mary, Martha, Lazarus (who, in this account, is their brother due to a conflation with Mary of Bethany), and two other Christians named Maximin and Cedonius onto a rudderless boat in the Mediterranean Sea to die. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The governor spends two years with Peter in Rome and, on his way home, he stops at the same island to discover that, due to Mary Magdalene's miraculous long-distance intercession, his child has survived for two years on his dead mother's breast milk. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The whole family returns to Marseille, where they meet Mary again in person. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In 1449, King René d'Anjou gave to Angers Cathedral the amphora from Cana in which Jesus changed water to wine, acquiring it from the nuns of Marseilles, who told him that Mary Magdalene had brought it with her from Judea, relating to the legend where she was the jilted bride at the wedding after which John the Evangelist received his calling from Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Luther, whose views on sexuality were much more liberal than those of his fellow reformers, reportedly once joked to a group of friends that "even pious Christ himself" had committed adultery three times: once with Mary Magdalene, once with the Samaritan woman at the well, and once with the adulteress he had let off so easily. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Edgar Saltus's historical fiction novel Mary Magdalene: A Chronicle (1891) depicts her as a heroine living in a castle at Magdala, who moves to Rome becoming the "toast of the tetrarchy", telling John the Baptist she will "drink pearls... sup on peacock's tongues". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Ki Longfellow's novel The Secret Magdalene (2005) draws on the Gnostic gospels and other sources to portray Mary as a brilliant and dynamic woman who studies at the fabled library of Alexandria, and shares her knowledge with Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The 2018 film Mary Magdalene, starring Rooney Mara as the eponymous character, sought to reverse the centuries-old portrayal of Mary Magdalene as a repentant prostitute, while also combating the conspiracy statements of her being Jesus's wife or sexual partner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene at the foot of the cross during the Crucifixion appears in an eleventh-century English manuscript "as an expressional device rather than a historical motif", intended as "the expression of an emotional assimilation of the event, that leads the spectator to identify himself with the mourners". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Gospel reading in the Tridentine Mass was Luke 7:36–50 (the sinful woman anointing the feet of Jesus), while in the present version of the Roman Rite of Mass it is John 20:1–2, 11–8 (meeting of Mary Magdalene with Jesus after his resurrection). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Da Vinci Code also purports that the figure of the "beloved disciple" to Jesus's right in Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is Mary Magdalene, disguised as one of the male disciples; art historians maintain that the figure is, in reality, the apostle John, who only appears feminine due to Leonardo's characteristic fascination with blurring the lines between the sexes, a quality which is found in his other paintings, such as St. John the Baptist (painted c. 1513–1516). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Luke 8:2–3 lists Mary Magdalene as one of the women who traveled with Jesus and helped support his ministry "out of their resources", indicating that she was probably relatively wealthy. The same passage also states that seven demons had been driven out of her, a statement which is repeated in Mark 16. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene All the four gospels identified her, either alone or as a member of a larger group of women which includes Jesus's mother, as the first to witness the empty tomb, and the first to witness Jesus's resurrection. For these reasons, Mary Magdalene is known in some Christian traditions as the "apostle to the apostles". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene These texts portray Mary Magdalene as an apostle, as Jesus's closest and most beloved disciple and the only one who truly understood his teachings. In the Gnostic texts, or Gnostic gospels, Mary Magdalene's closeness to Jesus results in tension with another disciple, Peter, due to her sex and Peter's jealousy of special teachings given to her. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene This resulted in a widespread belief that she was a repentant prostitute or promiscuous woman. Elaborate medieval legends from western Europe tell exaggerated tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and beauty, as well as her alleged journey to southern France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed "sinful woman" was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is considered to be a saint by the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. In 2016 Pope Francis raised the level of liturgical memory on July 22 from memorial to feast, and for her to be referred as the "Apostle of the apostles". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene All four canonical gospels, as well as the apocryphal Gospel of Peter, agree that Jesus's body was taken down from the cross and buried by a man named Joseph of Arimathea. Mark 15:47 lists Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses as witnesses to the burial of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Nonetheless, the details of the accounts differ drastically. According to Mark 16:1–8, the earliest account of the discovery of the empty tomb, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome went to the tomb just after sunrise, a day and half after Jesus's burial and found that the stone had already been rolled away. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches generally do not view these writings as part of the Bible. In these apocryphal texts, Mary Magdalene is portrayed as a visionary and leader of the early movement whom Jesus loved more than he loved the other disciples. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The earliest dialogue between Jesus and Mary Magdalene is probably the Dialogue of the Savior, a badly damaged Gnostic text discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in 1945. The dialogue consists of a conversation between Jesus, Mary and two apostles - Thomas the Apostle and Matthew the Apostle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene [Christ] loved Mary more than all the disciples, and used to kiss her often on the mouth. The rest of the disciples [were offended by it and expressed disapproval]. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Unlike in the Gospel of Thomas, where women can only be saved by becoming men, in the Gospel of Mary, they can be saved just as they are. Peter approaches Mary and asks her: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Tell us the words of the Savior which you remember which you know, but we do not, nor have we heard them". Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Did he prefer her to us?" Andrew and Peter's responses are intended to demonstrate that they do not understand Jesus's teachings and that it is really only Mary who truly understands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Origen merely dismisses this, remarking that Celsus "pours on us a heap of names". Mary Magdalene has the reputation in Western Christianity as being a repentant prostitute or loose woman; however, these statements are not supported by the canonical gospels, which at no point imply that she had ever been a prostitute or in any way notable for a sinful way of life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene A sermon attributed to Hippolytus of Rome (c. 170 – 235) refers to Mary of Bethany and her sister Martha seeking Jesus in the garden like Mary Magdalene in John 20, indicating a conflation between Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene. The sermon describes the conflated woman as a "second Eve" who compensates for the disobedience of the first Eve through her obedience. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The first clear identification of Mary Magdalene as a redeemed sinner comes from Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306 – 373). Part of the reason for the identification of Mary Magdalene as a sinner may derive from the reputation of her birthplace, Magdala, which, by the late first century, was infamous for its inhabitants' alleged vice and licentiousness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In an eastern tradition supported by the western bishop and historian Gregory of Tours (c. 538 – 594), Mary Magdalene is said to have retired to Ephesus in Asia Minor with Mary the mother of Jesus, where they both lived out the rests of their lives. Gregory states that Mary Magdalene was buried in the city of Ephesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene During the Counter-Reformation, Roman Catholicism began to strongly emphasize Mary Magdalene's role as a penitent sinner. Her medieval role as a patron and advocate became minimized and her penitence became regarded as her most important aspect, especially in France and in the Catholic portions of southern Germany. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Poems about Mary Magdalene's repentance were also popular. Estates of nobles and royalty in southern Germany were equipped with so-called "Magdalene cells", small, modest hermitages that functioned as both chapels and dwellings, where the nobility could retreat to find religious solace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene This portrayal is partially based on the Gnostic Gospel of Mary Magdalene. The film, which described as having a "strongly feminist bent", was praised for its music score and cinematography, its surprising faithfulness to the Biblical narrative, and its acting, but was criticized as slow-moving, overwritten, and too solemn to be believable. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The latter depictions represent the Penitent Magdalene, according to the medieval legend that she had spent a period of repentance as a desert hermit after leaving her life as a follower of Jesus. Her story became conflated in the West with that of Mary of Egypt, a fourth-century prostitute turned hermit, whose clothes wore out and fell off in the desert. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Her story became conflated in the West with that of Mary of Egypt, a fourth-century prostitute turned hermit, whose clothes wore out and fell off in the desert. The widespread artistic representations of Mary Magdalene in tears are the source of the modern English word maudlin, meaning "sickeningly sentimental or emotional". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Among Eastern Orthodox Christians this sharing is accompanied by the proclamation "Christ is risen!" One folk tradition concerning Mary Magdalene says that following the death and resurrection of Jesus, she used her position to gain an invitation to a banquet given by the Roman Emperor Tiberius in Rome. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene One folk tradition concerning Mary Magdalene says that following the death and resurrection of Jesus, she used her position to gain an invitation to a banquet given by the Roman Emperor Tiberius in Rome. When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exed, "Christ is risen!" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene She mentions in particular Hugh of Cluny (1024–1109), Peter Abelard (1079–1142), and Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153) among those who gave Mary Magdalene the title of apostolorum apostola (apostle of the apostles). Jane Schaberg adds Geoffrey of Vendôme (c. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Chapter XXVII of the Life of Mary Magdalene attributed to Hrabanus Maurus (c. 780 – 4 February 856) is headed: Ubi Magdalenam Christus ad apostolos mittit apostolam (Wherein Christ sends Magdalene as an apostle to the apostles). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene The same chapter says she did not delay in exercising the office of apostolate with which he had been honoured (apostolatus officio quo honorata fuerat fungi non distulit). Raymond E. Brown, commenting on this fact, remarks that Hrabanus Maurus frequently applies the word "apostle" to Mary Magdalene in this work. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene However the work is actually no earlier than the 12th century. Because of Mary Magdalene's position as an apostle, though not one of those who became official witnesses to the resurrection, the Catholic Church honoured her by reciting the Gloria on her feast day – the only female saint so honoured apart from Mary, the mother of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Presbyterians honor her as the "apostle to the apostles" and, in the book Methodist Theology, Kenneth Wilson describes her as, "in effect", one of the "first missionaries". Mary Magdalene is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 22 July. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene `Abdu'l-Bahá said that Mary traveled to Rome and spoke before the Emperor Tiberius, which is presumably why Pilate was later recalled to Rome for his cruel treatment of the Jews (a tradition also attested to in the Eastern Orthodox Church). Baháʼís have noted parallels between Mary Magdalene and the Babí heroine-poet Táhirih. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene In 2016, King said that the alleged "Gospel" was a forgery. Bart D. Ehrman states that the historical sources reveal absolutely nothing about Jesus's sexuality and that there is no evidence whatsoever to support the idea that Jesus and Mary Magdalene were married or that they had any kind of sexual or romantic relationship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene Maurice Casey rejects the idea of Mary Magdalene as Jesus's wife as nothing more than wild popular sensationalism. Jeffrey J. Kripal writes that "the historical sources are simply too contradictory and simultaneously too silent" to make absolute declarations regarding Jesus' sexuality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene I stopped judging myself and at that moment found hope in Magdalene. To her I am forever grateful. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Magdalene (album) Bartholomew played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers football team, earning many honors including 2001 SEC Good Works Team, Verizon Academic All-District IV, Academic All-SEC; 2000 Academic All-SEC; 1999 Academic All-SEC; and 1998 Academic All-SEC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Will Bartholomew In July 2013, Bartholomew was appointed as weather presenter on Sunrise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edwina Bartholomew He may have chosen his first name after the well-known buccaneer Bartholomew Sharp. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew Roberts As recorded by Captain Charles Johnson regarding the articles of Bartholomew Roberts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew Roberts Mary follows Jesus all the way to the Crucifixion and Resurrection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) According to the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 45%, based on 112 reviews, with an average rating of 5.55/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "Mary Magdalene has obvious reverence for its subject --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) At Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 48 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Nick Allen of RogerEbert.com gave Mary Magdalene 4 stars, calling it "an extraordinary film" and writing that it "moved me in a way that no previous film about Christianity ever has." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) It may be identical to either the Questions of Bartholomew, the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (by Bartholomew), or neither. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Bartholomew Early source references to the Gospel of Bartholomew == --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Bartholomew The Pre-Raphaelite painter John Everett Millais managed to create a sentimental moment in the massacre in his painting A Huguenot on St. Bartholomew's Day (1852), which depicts a Catholic woman attempting to convince her Huguenot lover to wear the white scarf badge of the Catholics and protect himself. The man, true to his beliefs, gently refuses her. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre The man, true to his beliefs, gently refuses her. Millais was inspired to create the painting after seeing Meyerbeer's Les Huguenots. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Unto Dawn drifts in unknown space. Cortana drops a distress beacon, but acknowledges it may be many years before they are rescued. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Halo 3 Cortana drops a distress beacon, but acknowledges it may be many years before they are rescued. As the Master Chief enters cryonic sleep, Cortana confides to him that she will miss him, but he comforts her by telling her "wake me when you need me. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Halo 3 Levi, in his defense of Mary and her teaching, tells Peter, "Surely the Savior knows her very well. That is why he loved her more than us." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary Tell us the words of the Savior which you remember—which you know (but) we do not, nor have we heard them.’” Mary responds to Peter’s request by recounting a conversation she had with the Savior about visions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary (Mary) said, "I saw the Lord in a vision and I said to him, ‘Lord, I saw you today in a vision.’" He answered and said to me: “Blessed are you, that you did not waver at the sight of me. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary Then the text breaks off and the next four pages are missing. When the narrative resumes, Mary is no longer recalling her discussion with the Savior. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary Levi actually acknowledges that Jesus loved her more than he loved all of the other apostles. Mary said she had a conversation with Jesus, and Andrew and Peter questioned this. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary Mary said she had a conversation with Jesus, and Andrew and Peter questioned this. "Four pages are lost from the manuscript", so there is really no way for anyone to know exactly what happened. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gospel of Mary the account of the raising of Lazarus, Jesus meets with the sisters in turn: Martha followed by Mary. Martha goes immediately to meet Jesus as he arrives, while Mary waits until she is called. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary of Bethany This portrayal of the sisters agrees with that found in Luke 10:38–42. " When Mary meets Jesus, she falls at his feet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary of Bethany " When Mary meets Jesus, she falls at his feet. In speaking with Jesus, both sisters lament that he did not arrive in time to prevent their brother's death: "Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary of Bethany Nathanael is mentioned only in the Gospel of John. In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. In John's gospel, however, Philip and Nathanael are similarly mentioned together. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle Giuseppe Simone Assemani specifically remarks, "the Chaldeans confound Bartholomew with Nathaniel". Some Biblical scholars reject this identification, however. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle The order was given to take the silver statue of Saint Bartholomew and melt it down. The statue was weighed, and it was found to be only a few grams. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle It was returned to its place in the Cathedral of Lipari. In reality, the statue is made from many kilograms of silver and it is considered a miracle that it was not melted down. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle She was mentioned by name twelve times in the canonical gospels, more than most of the apostles and more than any other woman in the gospels, other than Jesus's family. Mary's epithet Magdalene may mean that she came from the town of Magdala, a fishing town on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee in Roman Judea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is a central figure in later Gnostic Christian writings, including the Dialogue of the Savior, the Pistis Sophia, the Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Philip, and the Gospel of Mary. These texts portray Mary Magdalene as an apostle, as Jesus's closest and most beloved disciple and the only one who truly understood his teachings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Elaborate medieval legends from western Europe tell exaggerated tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and beauty, as well as her alleged journey to southern France. The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed "sinful woman" was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene During the Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church emphasized Mary Magdalene as a symbol of penance. In 1969, the identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the "sinful woman" was removed from the General Roman Calendar by Pope Paul VI, but the view of her as a former prostitute has persisted in popular culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene According to John 20:11–18, Mary, now alone in the garden outside the tomb, saw two angels sitting where Jesus's body had been. Then the risen Jesus approached her. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene At another point, he tells her, "Well done, Mary. You are more blessed than all women on earth, because you will be the fullness of fullness and the completion of completion." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene The Gospel of Philip uses cognates of koinônos and Coptic equivalents to refer to the literal pairing of men and women in marriage and sexual intercourse, but also metaphorically, referring to a spiritual partnership, and the reunification of the Gnostic Christian with the divine realm. The Gospel of Philip also contains another passage relating to Jesus's relationship with Mary Magdalene. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Mary answered and said, "What is hidden from you I will proclaim to you". And she began to speak to them these words: "I", she said, "I saw the Lord in a vision and I said to Him, Lord I saw you today in a vision". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Andrew the Apostle challenges Mary, insisting, "Say what you think about what she said, but I do not believe the savior said this. These teachings are strange ideas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene She whom Luke calls the sinful woman, whom John calls Mary, we believe to be the Mary from whom seven devils were ejected according to Mark. What did these seven devils signify, if not all the vices? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Starting in early High Middle Ages, writers in western Europe began developing elaborate fictional biographies of Mary Magdalene's life, in which they heavily embellished upon the vague details given in the gospels. Stories about noble saints were popular during this time period; accordingly, tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and social status became heavily exaggerated. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Stories about noble saints were popular during this time period; accordingly, tales of Mary Magdalene's wealth and social status became heavily exaggerated. In the tenth century, Odo of Cluny (c. 880 – 942) wrote a sermon in which he described Mary as an extraordinarily wealthy noblewoman of royal descent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Honorius mentions that, out of love for Jesus, Mary repented and withdrew into a life of quiet isolation. Under the influence of stories about other female saints, such as Mary of Egypt and Pelagia, painters in Italy during the ninth and tenth centuries gradually began to develop the image of Mary Magdalene living alone in the desert as a penitent ascetic. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Under the influence of stories about other female saints, such as Mary of Egypt and Pelagia, painters in Italy during the ninth and tenth centuries gradually began to develop the image of Mary Magdalene living alone in the desert as a penitent ascetic. This portrayal became so popular that it quickly spread to Germany and England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene On December 9, 1279, an excavation ordered by Charles II, King of Naples at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume, Provence, led to the discovery of another purported burial of Mary Magdalene. The shrine was purportedly found intact, with an explanatory inscription stating why the relics had been hidden. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Fourteen years after Jesus's crucifixion, some pagans throw Mary, Martha, Lazarus (who, in this account, is their brother due to a conflation with Mary of Bethany), and two other Christians named Maximin and Cedonius onto a rudderless boat in the Mediterranean Sea to die. Miraculously, however, the boat washes ashore at Marseille in southern France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Her medieval role as a patron and advocate became minimized and her penitence became regarded as her most important aspect, especially in France and in the Catholic portions of southern Germany. A massive number of Baroque paintings and sculptures depict the penitent Magdalene, often showing her naked or partially naked, with a strong emphasis on her erotic beauty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene According to historian Michael Haag, these changes were a quiet admission from the Vatican that the Church's previous teaching of Mary Magdalene as a repentant whore had been wrong. Mary of Bethany's feast day and that of her brother Lazarus is now on July 29, the memorial of their sister Martha. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Mary is likewise portrayed as a reformed prostitute in Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's 1971 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar. In Superstar, Mary describes her sexual attraction to Jesus in the song "I Don't Know How to Love Him", which shocked many of the play's original viewers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene The 2018 film Mary Magdalene, starring Rooney Mara as the eponymous character, sought to reverse the centuries-old portrayal of Mary Magdalene as a repentant prostitute, while also combating the conspiracy statements of her being Jesus's wife or sexual partner. Instead, the film portrays her as Jesus's closest disciple and the only one who truly understands his teachings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene As Gothic painted crucifixions became crowded compositions, the Magdalene became a prominent figure, with a halo and identifiable by her long unbound blonde hair, and usually a bright red dress. As the swooning Virgin Mary became more common, generally occupying the attention of John, the unrestrained gestures of Magdalene increasingly represented the main display of the grief of the spectators. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America honors Mary Magdalene on July 22 as an Apostle, albeit as a Lesser Festival. Presbyterians honor her as the "apostle to the apostles" and, in the book Methodist Theology, Kenneth Wilson describes her as, "in effect", one of the "first missionaries". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene Bartholomew was born in Whyalla, South Australia. She spent her early years living in Japan and Malaysia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Edwina Bartholomew Mary Magdalene is a 2018 biblical drama film about the woman of the same name, written by Helen Edmundson and Philippa Goslett and directed by Garth Davis. It stars Rooney Mara, Joaquin Phoenix, Chiwetel Ejiofor, and Tahar Rahim. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene (2018 film) Mary follows Jesus all the way to the Crucifixion and Resurrection. In the end she is accepted by Peter as a faithful follower of Jesus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mary Magdalene (2018 film)
15145.	Q: Is the parking in front of the Petit Palais always open? Title = Petit Palais, Paris 8th 002.JPG Description = Title = Petit Palais dsc06490 Description = A: No. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Jardin des Champs-Élysées, Art Nouveau in Paris, Paris architecture of the Belle Époque, Champs-Élysées, Bouquet of Tulips, Whiplash (decorative art), The Death of Leonardo da Vinci, Exposition Universelle (1900), Grand Palais, Petit Palais Toggle details	Some of his murals can be seen now in the Petit Palais. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Petit Palais , was constructed by the architect Giraud. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Exposition Universelle (1900) It also included the Grand Palais and Petit Palais on the right bank. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Exposition Universelle (1900) Charles Girault designed the Petit Palais facing the Grand Palais. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Exposition Universelle (1900) The exterior of the Petit Palais was embellished with many contemporary sculptures. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Petit Palais Some people even claimed that the Petit Palais had the “power to educate the mind while it pleases the senses”. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Petit Palais It includes within its boundaries the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais, as well as a theater and other buildings. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Jardin des Champs-Élysées The Petit Palais , was constructed by the architect Giraud. for the exhibition of French art. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Exposition Universelle (1900) It also appears in the curving cast iron staircase and ceramic floors of the interior of the Petit Palais. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Whiplash (decorative art) The construction of the Petit Palais began on October 10, 1897 and was completed in April 1900. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais The total cost of the Petit Palais at the time of the construction was 400,000 pounds. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais Girault’s plan for the Petit Palais had minimal alterations from the design to the execution. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais The Petit Palais was built to be a lasting building that would become a permanent fine arts museum after the exhibition. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais The materials of the building—stone, steel, and concrete as well as the decoration were to demonstrate that the Petit Palais was built to be enduring. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais The trapezoidal shape of the Petit Palace forms an open area at the center of the building. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais As a whole the architecture of the 1900 Exhibition was not well received however, reactions to the Petit Palais were generally positive. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais Paris1900.com: The Petit Palais — 1900 (Exposition Universelle) and current photographs. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Petit Palais The Petit Palais, designed by Charles Giraud, was directly across from the Grand Palais, and had a similar monumental entrance (both entrances were designed by Giraud). --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque It was largely decorative, designed to connect the Grand Palais and Petit Palais of the Exposition on the right bank with the parts of the Exposition the left bank. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque Bouquet of Tulips is a sculpture by artist Jeff Koons, outside the Petit Palais in Paris. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bouquet of Tulips The venue finally chosen is between Place de la Concorde and the Petit Palais, near the Embassy of the United States. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bouquet of Tulips The Petit Palais is located across from the Grand Palais on Avenue Nicolas II, today Avenue Winston-Churchill. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Petit Palais The Petit Palais is a trapezoid shape with its larger side as the main façade facing the Grand Palais. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Petit Palais The exhibits housed in the Petit Palais during the Exhibition displayed the History of Art from the beginning until the present era. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Petit Palais King Leopold II of Belgium was very impressed with Girault's execution of the Petit Palais. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Petit Palais The park served again as an exposition site during the Universal Exposition of 1900; it became the home of the Grand Palais and Petit Palais. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Jardin des Champs-Élysées The park served again as an exposition site during the Universal Exposition of 1900; it became the home of the Grand Palais and Petit Palais. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Champs-Élysées Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo subsequently announced that the sculpture was to be installed in 2017 on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bouquet of Tulips In the end, Charles Girault won the competition and built the Petit Palais as one of the buildings that replaced the Palais de l’Industrie. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Petit Palais One classic example is the Cascade Pendant designed by Alfons Mucha and made by Fouquet, now on display at the Petit Palais. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Art Nouveau in Paris Charles Girault largely draws on the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century French style for the Petit Palais. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Petit Palais Girault’s plan for the Petit Palais had minimal alterations from the design to the execution. The plan was original and fit perfectly in its given location. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Petit Palais The trapezoidal shape of the Petit Palace forms an open area at the center of the building. This enclosed area creates a semicircular, peristyled courtyard. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Petit Palais Art Nouveau architecture was highlighted in the interiors of the two major pavilions of fine arts, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Art Nouveau in Paris It was commissioned by the Pierre Louis Jean Casimir de Blacas, the French ambassador in Rome, and now hangs in the Petit Palais in Paris. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) The Death of Leonardo da Vinci As a whole the architecture of the 1900 Exhibition was not well received however, reactions to the Petit Palais were generally positive. Some people even claimed that the Petit Palais had the “power to educate the mind while it pleases the senses”. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Petit Palais The city proposed several sites to Koons, and he chose the one on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo for its symbolic value; also, the plaza is not restricted by historic preservation provisions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bouquet of Tulips Other venues that were under consideration included the Place des États-Unis. The venue finally chosen is between Place de la Concorde and the Petit Palais, near the Embassy of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bouquet of Tulips The whiplash line in ceramics was also sometimes used for exterior decoration, for example under the peristyle in the courtyard of the Petit Palais in Paris, built for the 1900 Paris Universal Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Whiplash (decorative art) Some of his murals can be seen now in the Petit Palais. The most famous appearance was in the edicules, or entrance coverings, of the stations of the Paris Métro designed by Hector Guimard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Palais served as a military hospital during World War I, employing local artists who had not been deployed to the front to decorate hospital rooms or to make moulds for prosthetic limbs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Grand Palais The Petit Palais (French: [pəti palɛ]; English: Small Palace) is an art museum in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The Petit Palais is one of 14 museums of the City of Paris that have been incorporated since January 1, 2013, in the public corporation Paris Musées. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The Beaux-Arts style Petit Palais was designed by Charles Girault, and is around an octi-circular courtyard and garden, similar to the Grand Palais. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais Although the courtyard is in the central part of the Petit Palais, one of the main structures of the Exhibition, its purpose was to provide visitors with a relaxing space apart from the busy Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais Architects had the option to do what they pleased (alter, destroy, or keep) with the Palais de l’Industrie. In the end, Charles Girault won the competition and built the Petit Palais as one of the buildings that replaced the Palais de l’Industrie. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The construction of the Petit Palais began on October 10, 1897 and was completed in April 1900. The total cost of the Petit Palais at the time of the construction was 400,000 pounds. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The plan was original and fit perfectly in its given location. The Petit Palais is a trapezoid shape with its larger side as the main façade facing the Grand Palais. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The Petit Palais was built to be a lasting building that would become a permanent fine arts museum after the exhibition. The materials of the building—stone, steel, and concrete as well as the decoration were to demonstrate that the Petit Palais was built to be enduring. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais The exhibits housed in the Petit Palais during the Exhibition displayed the History of Art from the beginning until the present era. The History of French Art from 1800–1900 showed the stages of growth. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais Some people even claimed that the Petit Palais had the “power to educate the mind while it pleases the senses”. King Leopold II of Belgium was very impressed with Girault's execution of the Petit Palais. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais King Leopold II of Belgium was very impressed with Girault's execution of the Petit Palais. This admiration started a "fruitful collaboration between monarch and architect". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Petit Palais They were all sitting in a parked police van, when the attacker pulled up in front of the van. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Champs-Élysées Bouquet of Tulips is a sculpture by artist Jeff Koons, outside the Petit Palais in Paris. It is one of Koons’s largest sculptures and his first commemorative work. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bouquet of Tulips Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo subsequently announced that the sculpture was to be installed in 2017 on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo. However, the pavement turned out to be not strong enough to support the 34-ton sculpture and its 27-ton base. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bouquet of Tulips It also included the Grand Palais and Petit Palais on the right bank. An additional section of 104 hectares for agricultural exhibits and other structures was built in the Bois de Vincennes. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) The riders rode through the Palais en route to the Champs Élysées. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grand Palais The Grand Palais, current photographs, and photographs from the 1900s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Grand Palais The main façade of the building faces the Grand Palais. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Petit Palais The inner gallery of Petit Palais exhibited “priceless treasures in ivory, tapestry, metal work, jewelry, and porcelain gathered from the most important collections of France”. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Petit Palais The Petit Palais is located across from the Grand Palais on Avenue Nicolas II, today Avenue Winston-Churchill. The other façades of the building face the Seine and Avenue des Champs-Élysées. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Petit Palais In the end, Charles Girault won the competition and built the Petit Palais as one of the buildings that replaced the Palais de l’Industrie. The construction of the Petit Palais began on October 10, 1897 and was completed in April 1900. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Petit Palais The Petit Palais is a trapezoid shape with its larger side as the main façade facing the Grand Palais. The building’s shape makes a semi-circular courtyard at the center. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Petit Palais The open interior with its iron columns and arches was a strikingly modern. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Nouveau in Paris Art Nouveau jewelry, modelled after natural and floral forms, was particularly popular. One classic example is the Cascade Pendant designed by Alfons Mucha and made by Fouquet, now on display at the Petit Palais. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Nouveau in Paris Art Nouveau decoration appeared in the interiors and decoration of many of the buildings, notably the interior ironwork and decoration of the Monumental gateway of the Exposition, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais, and in the portal of the Palace of National Industries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) Architects had the option to do what they pleased (alter, destroy, or keep) with the Palais de l’Industrie. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Petit Palais The tympanum depicting the city of Paris surrounded by muses is the work of sculptor Jean Antoine Injalbert. The Petit Palais was built to be a lasting building that would become a permanent fine arts museum after the exhibition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Petit Palais It was one of the first parks in the city, laid out by André Le Notre in 1667, and was the site of the Paris International Exposition of 1855 and an important part of the Paris Universal Exposition of 1900, for which the Grand Palais and Petit Palais were created. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jardin des Champs-Élysées The Grand Palais and Palais de la Decouverte, within the same building --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jardin des Champs-Élysées One classic example is the Cascade Pendant designed by Alfons Mucha and made by Fouquet, now on display at the Petit Palais. It represents a cascade of opals, diamonds and slightly misshapen, or "Barocco", pearls, along with gold and enamel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Nouveau in Paris The Hôtel de Choudens, at 21 Rue Blanche in the 9th arrondissement, was another neoclassical house, designed by Charles Girault (1851–1932), who had won the Prix de Rome and who had won fame designing the Petit Palais for the 1900 Exposition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque The park served again as an exposition site during the Universal Exposition of 1900; it became the home of the Grand Palais and Petit Palais. It also became the home of a new panorama theater, designed by Gabriel Davioud, the chief architect of Napoleon III, in 1858. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Champs-Élysées The city proposed several sites to Koons, and he chose the one on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo for its symbolic value; also, the plaza is not restricted by historic preservation provisions. Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo subsequently announced that the sculpture was to be installed in 2017 on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bouquet of Tulips The whiplash line in ceramics was also sometimes used for exterior decoration, for example under the peristyle in the courtyard of the Petit Palais in Paris, built for the 1900 Paris Universal Exposition. It also appears in the curving cast iron staircase and ceramic floors of the interior of the Petit Palais. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Whiplash (decorative art) It was commissioned by the Pierre Louis Jean Casimir de Blacas, the French ambassador in Rome, and now hangs in the Petit Palais in Paris. Another version of the painting created c. 1851 is held by the Smith College Museum of Art. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Death of Leonardo da Vinci The Palais des Illusions (Palace of Illusions), attached to the Palace of Optics, was an extremely popular exhibition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1900) A few of the major structures built from the Exposition were preserved, including the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais, and the two major bridges, the Pont Alexandre III and the Passerelle Debilly, though the latter was later dismantled and moved a few dozen meters from its original placement. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1900) Construction of the Grand Palais began in 1897 following the demolition of the Palais de l'Industrie (Palace of Industry) as part of the preparation works for the Universal Exposition of 1900, which also included the creation of the adjacent Petit Palais and Pont Alexandre III. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Palais The Nazis put the Palais to use during the Occupation of France in World War II. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Palais First used as a truck depot, the Palais then housed two Nazi propaganda exhibitions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Palais The Parisian resistance used the Grand Palais as a headquarters during the Liberation of Paris. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Palais With Paris having been unanimously awarded the 2024 Games, the Palais will be used for the fencing and taekwondo events. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Grand Palais The Petit Palais is one of 14 museums of the City of Paris that have been incorporated since January 1, 2013, in the public corporation Paris Musées. It has been listed since 1975 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Petit Palais The Beaux-Arts style Petit Palais was designed by Charles Girault, and is around an octi-circular courtyard and garden, similar to the Grand Palais. Its ionic columns, grand porch, and dome echo those of the Invalides across the river. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Petit Palais The exterior of the Petit Palais was embellished with many contemporary sculptures. Several famous sculptors at the time, such as Convers, Desvergens, Fagel, Ferrary, Hugues, Injalbert, and Peynot, worked on the exterior decoration of the building. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Petit Palais The inner gallery of Petit Palais exhibited “priceless treasures in ivory, tapestry, metal work, jewelry, and porcelain gathered from the most important collections of France”. The outer gallery was a collection of royal French furniture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Petit Palais Another quiet small garden with a fountain, Square Jean Perrin is found just north of the Grand Palais and the Palais --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jardin des Champs-Élysées The construction of the Grand Palais used 9,507 tons of metal, compared with 7,300 tons for the Eiffel Tower. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque The front entrance was surrounded by ceramic sculpture, and upper floors were entirely covered with ceramic tile and decoration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque The lower part of the Champs-Élysées, from the Place de la Concorde to the Rond-Point, runs through the Jardin des Champs-Élysées, a park which contains the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Théâtre Marigny, and several restaurants, gardens and monuments. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Champs-Élysées A second open letter, published by Le Monde and signed by various other arts professionals, including Palais de Tokyo cofounder Jérôme Sans and artist Loris Gréaud, followed and was intended as a defense of Koons’s sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bouquet of Tulips The plan to place the sculpture in front of the Palais de Tokyo was dropped by Culture Minister Françoise Nyssen in May 2018.The government’s alternative proposal to install the monument in Parc de la Villette was later rejected by city planners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bouquet of Tulips Koons later added $1 million of his own money, after delays led to an increase in production costs. The city proposed several sites to Koons, and he chose the one on the plaza in front of the Palais de Tokyo for its symbolic value; also, the plaza is not restricted by historic preservation provisions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bouquet of Tulips Major structures remaining from the Exposition include the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Pont Alexandre III, the Gare d'Orsay railroad station (now the Musée d'Orsay) and two original entrances of Paris Métro stations by Hector Guimard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) The site of the Exposition covered 112 hectares along the Left and Right Banks of the Seine from the Eiffel Tower (built for the 1889 Exposition) and Champ de Mars to the Esplanade of Les Invalides. It also included the Grand Palais and Petit Palais on the right bank. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) It was the work of two architects, Henri Deglane for the main body of the building, and Albert Thomas for the portion which now is the Palais de la Découverte, or science museum. Charles Girault designed the Petit Palais facing the Grand Palais. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) The first major Henri Matisse retrospective after his death was held at the Grand Palais. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grand Palais The building's west wing also contains a science museum, the Palais de la Découverte. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Grand Palais The Palais de l'Industrie from the 1855 World’s Fair was considered unfitting and was to be replaced by something new for the 1900 Exhibition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The interior of the Petit Palais was designed to create exhibition spaces “suited to every aspect of a collection: the outer galleries for objects, the inner, skylit ones for paintings, the lower galleries for reserves and the entrance rotunda and main gallery for sculptures”. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The Petit Palais has served as a model for other public buildings, notably for the Royal Museum for Central Africa located in Tervuren, Belgium; and the Museo de Bellas Artes (National Museum of Fine Arts) in Santiago, Chile. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais Built for the 1900 Exposition Universelle ("universal exhibition"), it now houses the City of Paris Museum of Fine Arts (Musée des beaux-arts de la ville de Paris). The Petit Palais is located across from the Grand Palais on Avenue Nicolas II, today Avenue Winston-Churchill. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The other façades of the building face the Seine and Avenue des Champs-Élysées. The Petit Palais is one of 14 museums of the City of Paris that have been incorporated since January 1, 2013, in the public corporation Paris Musées. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais Charles Girault largely draws on the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century French style for the Petit Palais. Additionally his work, such as the domed central porch and the triple arcade, has many references to the stables at Chantilly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais Coupled columns made of pink Vosges granite and gilt-bronze encircle the courtyard and bordering covered gallery. Although the courtyard is in the central part of the Petit Palais, one of the main structures of the Exhibition, its purpose was to provide visitors with a relaxing space apart from the busy Exposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The interior of the Petit Palais was designed to create exhibition spaces “suited to every aspect of a collection: the outer galleries for objects, the inner, skylit ones for paintings, the lower galleries for reserves and the entrance rotunda and main gallery for sculptures”. The entrance rotunda and main gallery was especially grand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The History of French Art from 1800–1900 showed the stages of growth. The inner gallery of Petit Palais exhibited “priceless treasures in ivory, tapestry, metal work, jewelry, and porcelain gathered from the most important collections of France”. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Petit Palais The park served again as an exposition site during the Universal Exposition of 1900; it became the home of the Grand Palais and Petit Palais. It also became the home of a new panorama theater, designed by Gabriel Davioud, the chief architect of Napoleon III, in 1858, to display large 360-degree historical paintings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jardin des Champs-Élysées The Paris Universal Exposition of 1900 marked the summit of Art Nouveau in Paris, bringing together many of the artists and designers who pioneered the style, and making the style known to the forty-eight million visitors to the Exposition. Art Nouveau architecture was highlighted in the interiors of the two major pavilions of fine arts, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris Art Nouveau architecture was highlighted in the interiors of the two major pavilions of fine arts, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. It was also prominent in the Palace of Decorative Arts, where works of Louis Majorelle and René Lalique, Daum, and other French designers were displayed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris The Grand Palais, the largest exhibition hall, was designed by architect Henri Deglane, assisted by Albert Louvet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque However, the most original feature of the Petit Palais was the interior; Girault eliminated the traditional walls and spaces and made full use of reinforced concrete to create majestic winding staircases and wide entry ways, built enormous skylights and windows that provided abundant light, and turned the interior into a single unified space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque The exterior was pure Louis XVI, inspired by the Petit Trianon and borrowing many architectural details from that building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris architecture of the Belle Époque They were all sitting in a parked police van, when the attacker pulled up in front of the van. The attacker tried to shoot civilians (including a tourist) and was immediately shot dead by other police on the spot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Champs-Élysées The plan to place the sculpture in front of the Palais de Tokyo was dropped by Culture Minister Françoise Nyssen in May 2018.The government’s alternative proposal to install the monument in Parc de la Villette was later rejected by city planners. Other venues that were under consideration included the Place des États-Unis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bouquet of Tulips It also appears in the curving cast iron staircase and ceramic floors of the interior of the Petit Palais. The architect Jules Lavirotte covered the facade of several of houses in Paris, particularly the Lavirotte Building on Avenue Rapp, with curling ceramic whiplash designs made by the ceramics firm of Alexandre Bigot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Whiplash (decorative art) Much like the Grand Palais, the facade is Beaux-Arts and Neo-Baroque, reminiscent of the Grand Trianon and the stable at Chantilly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) His more serious art works, including his drawings for Le Pater, were shown in the Austrian Pavilion and in the Austrian section of the Grand Palais. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) 775,000 square feet) structure that filled half of the main exhibition hall of the Grand Palais. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Palais Construction of the Grand Palais began in 1897 following the demolition of the Palais de l'Industrie (Palace of Industry) as part of the preparation works for the Universal Exposition of 1900, which also included the creation of the adjacent Petit Palais and Pont Alexandre III. It has been listed since 2000 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Grand Palais In 1894 a competition was held for the 1900 Exhibition area. The Palais de l'Industrie from the 1855 World’s Fair was considered unfitting and was to be replaced by something new for the 1900 Exhibition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Petit Palais Additionally, it showcased France as a major colonial power through numerous pavilions built on the hill of the Trocadero Palace. Major structures remaining from the Exposition include the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Pont Alexandre III, the Gare d'Orsay railroad station (now the Musée d'Orsay) and two original entrances of Paris Métro stations by Hector Guimard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1900) The facade was in the ornate Beaux-Arts style or Neo-Baroque style, The more modern interior iron framework, huge skylights and stairways offered decorative elements in the new Art Nouveau style, particularly in the railings of the staircase, which were intricately woven in fluid, organic forms. The Petit Palais , was constructed by the architect Giraud. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1900) for the exhibition of French art. Much like the Grand Palais, the facade is Beaux-Arts and Neo-Baroque, reminiscent of the Grand Trianon and the stable at Chantilly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Nazis put the Palais to use during the Occupation of France in World War II. First used as a truck depot, the Palais then housed two Nazi propaganda exhibitions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grand Palais First used as a truck depot, the Palais then housed two Nazi propaganda exhibitions. The Parisian resistance used the Grand Palais as a headquarters during the Liberation of Paris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Grand Palais The Palais de l'Industrie from the 1855 World’s Fair was considered unfitting and was to be replaced by something new for the 1900 Exhibition. Architects had the option to do what they pleased (alter, destroy, or keep) with the Palais de l’Industrie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Petit Palais The museum is split into two levels with two series of rooms running parallel and juxtaposed. The interior of the Petit Palais was designed to create exhibition spaces “suited to every aspect of a collection: the outer galleries for objects, the inner, skylit ones for paintings, the lower galleries for reserves and the entrance rotunda and main gallery for sculptures”. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Petit Palais
20567.	Q: What is in the left hand of Bartholomew in Bartholomew the Apostle by Pyotr Basin? Title = Bartholomew the Apostle by Pyotr Basin Description = A: A book. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Left-hand path and right-hand path, Fleming's left-hand rule for motors, The Left Handed Gun, Freddie Bartholomew, Left- and right-hand traffic, Pyotr Gorlov, Jude the Apostle, Pyotr Basin, Bartholomew (disambiguation), Bias against left-handed people, Left hand, Apostles in Christianity, Handedness, Apostles' Creed, Nikolay Koshelev, Gospel of Bartholomew, The Left Hand of God, St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, Apostle, Apostle (film), Bartholomew Ogbeche, Mekong, The Apostle, Viktor Bobrov (painter), Morganatic marriage, Nikolai Ge, Paul the Apostle, Bartholomew the Apostle, Kapiton Zelentsov, Bartholomew I of Constantinople, Andrew the Apostle, Pavel Chistyakov, Pyotr Sokolov (painter), Thomas the Apostle, Will Bartholomew, Edwina Bartholomew, Pyotr Shamshin, Bartholomew Roberts, The Left Hand of Darkness, John the Apostle Toggle details	"Children were not trained to use their left hand while eating or writing. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) Bias against left-handed people Through these practices, the left hand became known as the "unclean" hand. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bias against left-handed people The right hand is commonly known in contradistinction from the left, as the hand used for eating. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bias against left-handed people God's left hand, however, is the hand of judgement. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bias against left-handed people If held in the left hand, it is impossible for the operator to see what they are cutting. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Bias against left-handed people As the right hand is controlled by the left hemisphere (and the left hand is controlled by the right hemisphere) --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Handedness The right and left hand are used for generators and motors respectively. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors Horses are traditionally mounted from the left, and led from the left, with the reins in the right hand. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Left- and right-hand traffic In tantra Buddhism, the left hand represents wisdom. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Bias against left-handed people In tennis, southpaws hold the racket in their left hand. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Bias against left-handed people Black magic is sometimes referred to as the "left-hand path". --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Handedness The left hand would then be used for personal hygiene, specifically after urination and defecation. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people The Archangel Gabriel is sometimes called "God's left hand" and sits at God's left side. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people Black magic is sometimes referred to as the "left-hand path", which is strongly associated with Satanism. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered taboo or rude. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically strain to point with their right hand if necessary. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people In Swedish, att göra något med vänsterhanden (literally "to do something with your left hand") means "to do something badly". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people These rules were imposed on all, no matter their dominant hand. Through these practices, the left hand became known as the "unclean" hand. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people "Children were not trained to use their left hand while eating or writing. I used to throw a baseball left-handed, but my grandparents wanted me to throw right-handed. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bias against left-handed people He worked from drawings made by Pyotr Basin, whose eyesight had become too poor for him to do the work himself. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Nikolay Koshelev One tradition has it that Apostle Bartholomew was executed in Albanopolis in Armenia. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bartholomew the Apostle The letter was from Bartholomew the Apostle and declared that an angel told him to set the ark and its contents afloat. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Bartholomew the Apostle Light is the left hand of darkness, and darkness the right hand of light. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) The Left Hand of Darkness The term Vamachara literally meant "the left-hand way" in Sanskrit, and it was from this that Blavatsky first coined the term. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Left-hand path and right-hand path However, it took another half century until 1924, in which left-hand traffic was clearly written in law. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Left- and right-hand traffic God's left hand, however, is the hand of judgement. The Archangel Gabriel is sometimes called "God's left hand" and sits at God's left side. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bias against left-handed people In Swedish, att göra något med vänsterhanden (literally "to do something with your left hand") means "to do something badly". In Swedish, vänster means "left". --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bias against left-handed people As the right hand is controlled by the left hemisphere (and the left hand is controlled by the right hemisphere) most people are, therefore right-handed. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Handedness Bartholomew the Apostle is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 24 August. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bartholomew the Apostle Previously the consensus among scholars was against the apostolate of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Bartholomew the Apostle At the age of ten, he entered the primary school at the Academy and studied with Pyotr Basin. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Pyotr Shamshin The term Vamachara literally meant "the left-hand way" in Sanskrit, and it was from this that Blavatsky first coined the term. Returning to Europe, Blavatsky began using the term. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Left-hand path and right-hand path Fleming's left-hand rule is used for electric motors, while Fleming's right-hand rule is used for electric generators. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors It has been suggested that wagon-drivers whipped their horses with their right hand, and thus sat on the left hand side of the wagon, as in RHT. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Left- and right-hand traffic The unfavorable associations and connotations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bias against left-handed people Currently, amongst Muslims and in some societies including Nepal and India it is still customary to use the left hand for cleaning oneself with water after defecating. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bias against left-handed people Playing cards often have their pips printed only in the upper left corner assuming holding them with right hand. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bias against left-handed people The right hand is commonly known in contradistinction from the left, as the hand used for eating. In many religions, including Christianity, the right hand of God is the favored hand. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bias against left-handed people For example, Jesus sits at God's right side. God's left hand, however, is the hand of judgement. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bias against left-handed people Majority of the scholars are skeptical about the mission of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1849, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Pyotr Basin and Maxim Vorobiev. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Pavel Chistyakov Also referenced is the need for pedestrians to keep their swords in the right hand and pass on the left as in LHT, for self-defence. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Left- and right-hand traffic Horses are traditionally mounted from the left, and led from the left, with the reins in the right hand. So people walking horses might use RHT, to keep the animals separated. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Left- and right-hand traffic Typically, these are merely right-handed scissors with modified handles to permit use in the left hand with less discomfort, but because the blades are still arranged for right-handed use, they still won't perform quite as well in the left hand. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bias against left-handed people It is also possible to do calligraphy in this posture with the left hand, but using right-handed pen nibs. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bias against left-handed people With the ball in the glove on the right hand, a left-handed catcher would have to turn his body to the left to tag a runner. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Handedness While a right-hander could smoothly drag the pen across paper from left to right, a dip pen could not easily be pushed across by the left hand without digging into the paper and making blots and stains. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Handedness Conversely, right-to-left alphabets, such as the Arabic and Hebrew, are generally considered easier to write with the left hand in general. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Handedness Usually the left-handed child needs to be taught how to write correctly with the left hand, since discovering a comfortable left-handed writing method on one's own may not be straightforward. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Handedness In the Soviet Union, all left-handed children were forced to write with their right hand in the Soviet school system. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Handedness He studied there for three years with his uncle, Karl Bryullov, as well as Pyotr Basin and Fyodor Bruni. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Pyotr Sokolov (painter) A left hand can be held, as shown in the illustration, so as to represent three mutually orthogonal axes on the thumb, fore finger and middle finger. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors Gradually, a massive network of railways and tram tracks was built, with all trains and trams being driven on the left-hand side. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Left- and right-hand traffic Various innocuous activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia, it has traditionally been perceived as "rude" behaviour to use the left hand for eating, as the left hand is commonly used for tasks considered "unclean". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people In the Soviet Union, all left-handed students were forced to write with their right hand in the soviet school system. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Among 45 to 54 year olds, roughly 52% write with their right hand and roughly 48% write with their left hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Roughly 85% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their right hand and roughly 15% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their left hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people 88.9% of 65 to 74 year olds wrote with their right hand while 11.1% wrote with their left hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people The right-to-left nature of these writing systems prevents left-handers from running their hand on the ink as happens with left-to-right languages. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Because writing when moving one's hand away from its side of the body can cause smudging if the outward side of the hand is allowed to drag across the writing, it is considered easier to write the Latin alphabet with the right hand than with the left. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Through these practices, the left hand became known as the "unclean" hand. Currently, amongst Muslims and in some societies including Nepal and India it is still customary to use the left hand for cleaning oneself with water after defecating. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Currently, amongst Muslims and in some societies including Nepal and India it is still customary to use the left hand for cleaning oneself with water after defecating. The right hand is commonly known in contradistinction from the left, as the hand used for eating. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered taboo or rude. A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically strain to point with their right hand if necessary. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Some computer set-ups have the mouse placed on the right side of the keyboard and unable to be repositioned to the left. The mouse itself is also sometimes shaped to fit the right hand better. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Professional golfer Phil Mickelson plays left-handed though he is naturally right-handed. In tennis, southpaws hold the racket in their left hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bias against left-handed people Those who learn it still tend to favor their originally dominant hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Handedness Throughout history, being left-handed was considered negative, or evil; even into the 20th century, left-handed children were beaten by schoolteachers for writing with their left hand. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Handedness Kangaroos and other macropod marsupials show a left-hand preference for everyday tasks in the wild. ' --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Handedness Previously the consensus among scholars was against the apostolate of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. Majority of the scholars are skeptical about the mission of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bartholomew the Apostle One tradition has it that Apostle Bartholomew was executed in Albanopolis in Armenia. According to popular hagiography, the apostle was flayed alive and beheaded. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bartholomew the Apostle The ark contained a letter as well as the books of the Old and New Testaments. The letter was from Bartholomew the Apostle and declared that an angel told him to set the ark and its contents afloat. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1833, he was awarded the title "Academician of Perspective Painting" for his work "The Studio of Pyotr Basin". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Kapiton Zelentsov Left-hand traffic (LHT) and right-hand traffic (RHT) are the practices, in bidirectional traffic, of keeping to the left side or to the right side of the road, respectively. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Left- and right-hand traffic The wagons had no driver's seat, so the (typically right-handed) postilion held his whip in his right hand and thus sat on the left rear horse. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Left- and right-hand traffic "Many Asian countries force their children to become right-handed due to cultural perceptions of bad luck associated with the left hand. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people In the left hand, however, fingers and thumb tend to force right-handed blades apart, so that, rather than being sheared, the work-material is merely hacked, as by a knife, or slips between the blades uncut. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people However, at this angle, the casing of the machine containing the rest of the blade is on the operator's left side, making it extremely difficult to guide the wood with their left hand. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people The left hand symbolized the power to shame society, and was used as a metaphor for misfortune, natural evil, or punishment from the gods. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people The origin of this term is disputed, but some suggest it is derived from the Latin cacare, in reference to the habit of performing ablutions with the left hand, leaving the right hand "clean". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people The left hand would then be used for personal hygiene, specifically after urination and defecation. Personal hygiene rules in Islam required this, as derived from hadith sources. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people If held in the left hand, it is impossible for the operator to see what they are cutting. Tool manufacturer Porter-Cable produces a left-handed circular saw that can be purchased relatively inexpensively. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bias against left-handed people During this era, children were taught to write with a dip pen. While a right-hander could smoothly drag the pen across paper from left to right, a dip pen could not easily be pushed across by the left hand without digging into the paper and making blots and stains. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Handedness The German name was Ehe zur linken Hand ("marriage by the left hand") and the husband gave his left hand during the wedding ceremony instead of the right. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Morganatic marriage Thus, both saints are considered the patron saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church. One tradition has it that Apostle Bartholomew was executed in Albanopolis in Armenia. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bartholomew the Apostle The letter was from Bartholomew the Apostle and declared that an angel told him to set the ark and its contents afloat. Thus the scientists of Bensalem received the revelation of the Word of God. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Bartholomew the Apostle Fleming's left-hand rule for electric motors is one of a pair of visual mnemonics, the other being Fleming's right-hand rule (for generators). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors In an electric motor, the electric current and magnetic field exist (which are the causes), and they lead to the force that creates the motion (which is the effect), and so the left-hand rule is used. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors Each finger is then assigned to a quantity (mechanical force, magnetic field and electric current). The right and left hand are used for generators and motors respectively. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors The terms right- and left-hand drive refer to the position of the driver and the steering wheel in the vehicle and are the reverse of the terms right- and left-hand traffic. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Left- and right-hand traffic RHT is the opposite of this: traffic keeps right, the driver usually sits on the left side of the car (LHD - left hand drive), and roundabouts circulate counter clockwise. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Left- and right-hand traffic II c. 40), which required that "all carriages passing over the said bridge from London shall go on the east side thereof" – those going south to remain on the east, ie the left-hand side by direction of travel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Left- and right-hand traffic About 90 percent of people are right-handed, and many explanations reference this. Horses are traditionally mounted from the left, and led from the left, with the reins in the right hand. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Left- and right-hand traffic So people walking horses might use RHT, to keep the animals separated. Also referenced is the need for pedestrians to keep their swords in the right hand and pass on the left as in LHT, for self-defence. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Left- and right-hand traffic In the late 20th century, left-handedness became less stigmatized, and in many countries, particularly the Western world, left-handed children were no longer forced to switch to their right hand anymore. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people These rules were imposed on all, no matter their dominant hand. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Among students, teachers and parents, 75% said the left hand should not be used to perform habitual activities, and 87.6% of these believed left-handers should be forced to switch dominant hands. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Additionally, researchers found that only 26.6% of 35 to 44 year olds switched to right-handedness for writing and roughly 73% wrote with their left hand. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people The mouse itself is also sometimes shaped to fit the right hand better. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Ciotóg is the left hand and is related to ciotach meaning "awkward"; ciotógach (kyut-OH-goch) is the term for left-handed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Furthermore, it is considered more difficult to write legible Chinese characters with the left hand than it is to write Latin letters, though difficulty is subjective and depends on the person in question. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people The Civic Education textbook for grade 6 mentions a student thanking her old teacher for helping her write with her right hand, and stopping her from using her left hand to write. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Bias against left-handed people is bias or design that is usually unfavorable against people who are left-handed. Part of this is due to design in the world which is often right-hand biased. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people In tantra Buddhism, the left hand represents wisdom. In early Roman times, the left side retained a positive connotation, as the Augures proceeded from the eastern side. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people In tennis, southpaws hold the racket in their left hand. Because of this, their grip of the handle is supposedly adjusted in a slightly different style from right-handed players. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people Handheld circular saws are made almost exclusively for right-handers, with the motor and grip on the right side. If held in the left hand, it is impossible for the operator to see what they are cutting. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bias against left-handed people In two studies, Diana Deutsch found that left-handers, particularly those with mixed hand preference, performed significantly better than right-handers in musical memory tasks. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Handedness In four wall handball, typical strategy is to play along the left wall forcing the opponent to use their left hand to counter the attack and playing into the strength of a left-handed competitor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Handedness Because writing when moving one's hand away from its side towards the other side of the body can cause smudging if the outward side of the hand is allowed to drag across the writing, writing in the Latin alphabet might possibly be less feasible with the left hand than the right under certain circumstances. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Handedness A left-handed catcher would have a potentially more dangerous time tagging out a baserunner trying to score. With the ball in the glove on the right hand, a left-handed catcher would have to turn his body to the left to tag a runner. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Handedness With the ball in the glove on the right hand, a left-handed catcher would have to turn his body to the left to tag a runner. In doing so, he can lose the opportunity to brace himself for an impending collision. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Handedness He worked from drawings made by Pyotr Basin, whose eyesight had become too poor for him to do the work himself. As a reward for his continuing efforts, he was named an "Academician" in 1873 and a Professor in 1878. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Nikolay Koshelev He wrote in part, "St. Bartholomew's was unquestionably the finest thing of the kind ever devised and accomplished in the world. All the best people took a hand in it, the King and the Queen Mother included. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre In 1850, Ge gave up his career in science and enrolled in the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg. He studied under master painter Pyotr Basin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Nikolai Ge Consequently, Saint Bartholomew is most often represented being skinned alive. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bartholomew the Apostle Bartholomew the Apostle is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 24 August. The Armenian Apostolic Church honours Saint Bartholomew along with Saint Thaddeus as its patron saints. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bartholomew the Apostle At that moment a light hand twice invited him to come closer. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Thomas the Apostle India and all its own countries, and those bordering on it, even to the farther sea, received the Apostle's hand of Priesthood from Judas Thomas, who was Guide and Ruler in the Church which he built and ministered there". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Thomas the Apostle On the other hand, if he retains some fragment of ego, or if he fears to cross, he then becomes encysted. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left-hand path and right-hand path Robert Beér's Encyclopedia of Tibetan Symbols and Motifs clarifies widespread taboos and deprecation that associate the left hand as dark, female, inferior and 'not right': --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left-hand path and right-hand path "In Buddhist tantra, the right hand symbolises the male aspect of compassion or skilful means, and the left hand represents the female aspect of wisdom or emptiness. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left-hand path and right-hand path The rule for motors can be recalled by remembering that "motors drive on the left in Britain". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors Left-hand traffic (LHT) and right-hand traffic (RHT) are the practices, in bidirectional traffic, of keeping to the left side or to the right side of the road, respectively. They are fundamental to traffic flow, and are sometimes referred to as the rule of the road. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left- and right-hand traffic Also referenced is the need for pedestrians to keep their swords in the right hand and pass on the left as in LHT, for self-defence. It has been suggested that wagon-drivers whipped their horses with their right hand, and thus sat on the left hand side of the wagon, as in RHT. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left- and right-hand traffic The wagons had no driver's seat, so the (typically right-handed) postilion held his whip in his right hand and thus sat on the left rear horse. Seated on the left, the driver preferred that other wagons pass him on the left so that he would have a clear view of other vehicles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left- and right-hand traffic Gradually, a massive network of railways and tram tracks was built, with all trains and trams being driven on the left-hand side. However, it took another half century until 1924, in which left-hand traffic was clearly written in law. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Left- and right-hand traffic Linked to this tradition is the Saint Thaddeus Monastery (now in northern Iran) and Saint Bartholomew Monastery (now in southeastern Turkey) which were both constructed in what was then Armenia. Tradition holds that Jude the Apostle was vegetarian. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jude the Apostle Pyotr Vasilievich Basin (Russian: Пётр Васильевич Басин; 1793, Saint Petersburg - 1877, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian religious, history and portrait painter. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Pyotr Basin And he shall set the sheep on his right, but the goats on his left." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people When an unskilled left-handed person uses a right-handed camera the hand control can be less steady and hence produce camera shake leading to poorer pictures at low shutter speeds. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people Similarly, all classical woodwinds are played with left hand higher than the right regardless of player handedness; this favours the right hand (because it supports the instrument) in all cases but the bassoon, for which both the support and the majority of the keywork are in the left hand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people However, the reverse is true for the left wing. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people In Snooker, Ronnie O'Sullivan played with his left hand in the 1996 World Championship against Alain Robidoux, the Canadian accused him of disrespect and refused to shake hands after the match. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people Historically, the left side, and subsequently left-handedness, was considered negative. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people The word for left is bal, which also means "bad". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people The left side is often associated with awkwardness and clumsiness. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people In Vietnam, schools officially require students to write with their right hands, and some teachers of Grade 1 (when writing is taught) would implement that rule by deducting points from tests written by the left hand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people Black magic is sometimes referred to as the "left-hand path", which is strongly associated with Satanism. Various innocuous activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered taboo or rude. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people Among 45 to 54 year olds, roughly 52% write with their right hand and roughly 48% write with their left hand. Roughly 85% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their right hand and roughly 15% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their left hand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people Roughly 85% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their right hand and roughly 15% of 55 to 64 year olds wrote with their left hand. 88.9% of 65 to 74 year olds wrote with their right hand while 11.1% wrote with their left hand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people On bandsaws, the blade teeth are on the left side of the blade, necessitating the material being cut to be pushed from the left side of the machine. However, at this angle, the casing of the machine containing the rest of the blade is on the operator's left side, making it extremely difficult to guide the wood with their left hand. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bias against left-handed people On the other hand, the Encyclopedia of Baseball Catchers states:One advantage is a left-handed catcher's ability to frame a right-handed pitcher's breaking balls. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Handedness Red-necked (Bennett's) wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) preferentially use their left hand for behaviours that involve fine manipulation, but the right for behaviours that require more physical strength. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Handedness As speech is a very complex motor control task, the specialised fine motor areas controlling speech are most efficiently used to also control fine motor movement in the dominant hand. As the right hand is controlled by the left hemisphere (and the left hand is controlled by the right hemisphere) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Handedness Usually the left-handed child needs to be taught how to write correctly with the left hand, since discovering a comfortable left-handed writing method on one's own may not be straightforward. In the Soviet Union, all left-handed children were forced to write with their right hand in the Soviet school system. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Handedness The result was a great success and Koshelev received separate commissions to paint the small domes. He worked from drawings made by Pyotr Basin, whose eyesight had become too poor for him to do the work himself. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nikolay Koshelev He studied under master painter Pyotr Basin. In 1857, he graduated from the Academy where he received a gold medal for The Witch of Endor Invoking the Spirit of the Prophet Samuel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Nikolai Ge His piercing eyes, open mouth, and petitioning left hand bespeak an intense communion with the divine; yet this same hand draws our attention to the instruments of his torture, symbolically positioned in the shape of a cross. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bartholomew the Apostle He studied there for three years with his uncle, Karl Bryullov, as well as Pyotr Basin and Fyodor Bruni. He preferred hunting and genre scenes, but also did the occasional portrait. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Pyotr Sokolov (painter) Bartholomew lives in Sydney and is married with one child. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Edwina Bartholomew Light is the left hand of darkness, and darkness the right hand of light. Two are one, life and death, lying together like lovers in kemmer, like hands joined together, like the end and the way. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Left Hand of Darkness A left hand can be held, as shown in the illustration, so as to represent three mutually orthogonal axes on the thumb, fore finger and middle finger. Each finger is then assigned to a quantity (mechanical force, magnetic field and electric current). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors Bartholomew and his second wife divorced by early 1977. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Freddie Bartholomew They are fundamental to traffic flow, and are sometimes referred to as the rule of the road. The terms right- and left-hand drive refer to the position of the driver and the steering wheel in the vehicle and are the reverse of the terms right- and left-hand traffic. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Left- and right-hand traffic It later was legislated as the London Bridge Act 1765 (29 Geo. II c. 40), which required that "all carriages passing over the said bridge from London shall go on the east side thereof" – those going south to remain on the east, ie the left-hand side by direction of travel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Left- and right-hand traffic That was the year when Japan’s first railway was introduced, built with technical aid from the British. Gradually, a massive network of railways and tram tracks was built, with all trains and trams being driven on the left-hand side. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Left- and right-hand traffic He was forced to write with his right hand, as was common practice at the time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness On the other hand, the majority of "flat ground" general-purpose knives typically have the cutting edge on the right, as with a left-handed knife, for aesthetic reasons rather than practical. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Lens controls (where present) tend to be accessible by either hand. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Inverted trumpets and tubas are made, too, but although their valves are normally designed to be operated with the right hand, the prevailing belief is that left-handed players are not at a significant disadvantage; the French horn is always played with the left hand, and the hand dominance of the player is not considered important. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people The word for "left" is trái, which also mean "wrong", "opposite". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people The word for "left" is links, and is closely related to both link (underhand, questionable), and --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people To look at someone over the left shoulder (iemand over de linkerschouder aanzien) is to regard him or her as insignificant. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people The word for left is sol, which means "discolor", "die", "ill". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Various innocuous activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Parents and close relatives are most responsible for impressing these beliefs upon their children. In the Soviet Union, all left-handed students were forced to write with their right hand in the soviet school system. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people In the Soviet Union, all left-handed students were forced to write with their right hand in the soviet school system. As a child British King George VI (1895-1952) was naturally left-handed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people According to the article by The Washington Post from August 13, 1979, an official at the Japanese Embassy said: "Before the war, there was discrimination against left-handers," said the official at the Japanese Embassy. "Children were not trained to use their left hand while eating or writing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Additionally, researchers found that only 26.6% of 35 to 44 year olds switched to right-handedness for writing and roughly 73% wrote with their left hand. Among 45 to 54 year olds, roughly 52% write with their right hand and roughly 48% write with their left hand. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people The functions of mouse buttons, even on mice shaped to fit both hands, default to right-hand use. On two-button mice, the left button —under the index finger of a right-handed person— is the primary button, while the right button performs secondary functions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Playing cards often have their pips printed only in the upper left corner assuming holding them with right hand. Such design may be uncomfortable for left-handed people who may prefer all four corners of the card to be used. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people In Irish, deas means "right side" and "nice". Ciotóg is the left hand and is related to ciotach meaning "awkward"; ciotógach (kyut-OH-goch) is the term for left-handed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people Ciotóg is the left hand and is related to ciotach meaning "awkward"; ciotógach (kyut-OH-goch) is the term for left-handed. In Welsh, the word chwith means "left", but can also mean "strange", "awkward", or "wrong". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bias against left-handed people What they discovered was that when a child developed a consistent use of their right or left hand during infancy (such as using the right hand to put the pacifier back in, or grasping random objects with the left hand), they were more likely to have superior language skills as a toddler. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness Greater rates of left-handedness has also been documented among pedophiles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness In two studies, Diana Deutsch found that left-handers, particularly those with mixed hand preference, performed significantly better than right-handers in musical memory tasks. There are also handedness differences in perception of musical patterns. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness In doing so, he can lose the opportunity to brace himself for an impending collision. On the other hand, the Encyclopedia of Baseball Catchers states:One advantage is a left-handed catcher's ability to frame a right-handed pitcher's breaking balls. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness Conversely, right-to-left alphabets, such as the Arabic and Hebrew, are generally considered easier to write with the left hand in general. Depending on the position and inclination of the writing paper, and the writing method, the left-handed writer can write as neatly and efficiently or as messily and slowly as right-handed writers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness Kangaroos and other macropod marsupials show a left-hand preference for everyday tasks in the wild. ' True' handedness is unexpected in marsupials however, because unlike placental mammals, they lack a corpus callosum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Handedness Early source references to the Gospel of Bartholomew == --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Gospel of Bartholomew All the best people took a hand in it, the King and the Queen Mother included. "The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and the events surrounding it were incorporated into D.W. Griffith's film Intolerance (1916). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre The score for The Apostle was scored by David Mansfield. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) The Apostle In 1860, against his father's wishes and without his support, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Carl Timoleon von Neff, Pyotr Shamshin, Pyotr Basin and Bogdan Willewalde. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Viktor Bobrov (painter) In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle The 13th-century Saint Bartholomew Monastery was a prominent Armenian monastery constructed at the site of the martyrdom of Apostle Bartholomew in Vaspurakan, Greater Armenia (now in southeastern Turkey). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle The order was given to take the silver statue of Saint Bartholomew and melt it down. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle St Bartholomew is the most prominent flayed Christian martyr. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle Saint Bartholomew is often depicted in lavish medieval manuscripts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1997, Bartholomew received the Congressional Gold Medal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew I of Constantinople The Apostle Andrew is also the patron of the Russian Navy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Andrew the Apostle Although he received lessons from his father, he was largely self-taught until 1840, when he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts. He studied there for three years with his uncle, Karl Bryullov, as well as Pyotr Basin and Fyodor Bruni. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pyotr Sokolov (painter) There the devil speaks of Thomas as "the Apostle I slew in India". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Thomas the Apostle At the age of ten, he entered the primary school at the Academy and studied with Pyotr Basin. In 1836, he was awarded a large gold medal for his depiction of the massacre of Niobe's children by Artemis and Apollo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pyotr Shamshin He may have chosen his first name after the well-known buccaneer Bartholomew Sharp. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bartholomew Roberts In Warminster, Bartholomew was a precocious actor and was reciting and performing from age three. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Freddie Bartholomew RHT is used in 165 countries and territories, with the remaining 75 countries and territories using LHT.Countries that use left-hand traffic account for about a sixth of the world's land area, with about a third of its population, and a quarter of its roads. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Left- and right-hand traffic Boats are traditionally piloted from starboard (the right-hand side) to facilitate priority to the right. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Left- and right-hand traffic Pyotr Vasilievich Basin (Russian: Пётр Васильевич Басин; 1793, Saint Petersburg - 1877, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian religious, history and portrait painter. He also served as a Professor at the Imperial Academy of Arts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pyotr Basin Bias against left-handed people is bias or design that is usually unfavorable against people who are left-handed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Part of this is due to design in the world which is often right-hand biased. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people In many religions, including Christianity, the right hand of God is the favored hand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people In 19th-century Europe, homosexuals were referred to as "left-handed". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people The proportion of females subjected to forced conversion is significantly higher compared to males (95.1% to 81.0%).Malawians cite their views that "the left hand is less skilled and less powerful than the right one" as main reasons for forcing left-handers to convert. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people According to an article by The Washington Post from August 13, 1979, a psychologist from University of Chicago named Jerre Levy said: "In 1939, 2 percent of the population wrote with the left hand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people At least one specialty store sells only left-handed items. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people A left-handed individual may be known as a southpaw, particularly in a sports context. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people This means that left-handed pitchers are throwing with their south-side arm. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people The Oxford English Dictionary lists a non-baseball citation for "south paw", meaning a punch with the left hand, as early as 1848, just three years after the first organized baseball game, with the note "(orig. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Manny Pacquiao is an example of a southpaw (although he writes with his right hand). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Circa 1985, with the introduction of the M16A2 version, a case deflector was incorporated adjacent to the ejector port to direct discarded shells in a more forward direction, making the rifle even more left hand operator friendly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people There is also a saying that goes "having 2 left hands", meaning that that person is clumsy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people The Scots term for left-handedness is corrie fistit. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Conversely, left-handed women earn about 7.5% less than right-handed women. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Part of this is due to design in the world which is often right-hand biased. Handwriting is one of the biggest sources of actual disadvantage for left-handed people, other than for those forced to work with certain machinery. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people In some areas, in order to preserve cleanliness where sanitation was an issue, the right hand, as the dominant hand of most individuals, was used for eating, handling food, and social interactions. The left hand would then be used for personal hygiene, specifically after urination and defecation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people In Protestant-majority parts of the United Kingdom, Catholics were called "left-footers", and vice versa in Catholic-majority parts of Ireland and Irish America. Black magic is sometimes referred to as the "left-hand path", which is strongly associated with Satanism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people "Many Asian countries force their children to become right-handed due to cultural perceptions of bad luck associated with the left hand. In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia, it has traditionally been perceived as "rude" behaviour to use the left hand for eating, as the left hand is commonly used for tasks considered "unclean". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Among students, teachers and parents, 75% said the left hand should not be used to perform habitual activities, and 87.6% of these believed left-handers should be forced to switch dominant hands. Parents and close relatives are most responsible for impressing these beliefs upon their children. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people 88.9% of 65 to 74 year olds wrote with their right hand while 11.1% wrote with their left hand. In the early 1990s, there was controversy among researchers over whether left-handed people die earlier or not due to less left-handed people existing among elderly people. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Because most people are right-handed, most everyday items are mass-produced for ease of use with the right hand. Tools, game equipment, musical instruments and other items must be specially ordered for left-handed use, if they are even produced and are usually more expensive than their right-handed counterparts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Lens controls (where present) tend to be accessible by either hand. When an unskilled left-handed person uses a right-handed camera the hand control can be less steady and hence produce camera shake leading to poorer pictures at low shutter speeds. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Alternatively, sinister comes from the Latin word sinus meaning "pocket": a traditional Roman toga had only one pocket, located on the left side. The right hand has historically been associated with skill: the Latin word for right-handed is dexter, as in "dexterity", meaning manual skill. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people The right hand has historically been associated with skill: the Latin word for right-handed is dexter, as in "dexterity", meaning manual skill. These words continue to be used in describing the points of an escutcheon (heraldry) where the right side of a field is refereed to as "dexter" while the left side is "sinister". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people There were also examples of left-handed assassins in the Old Testament (Ehud killing the Moabite king). The left hand symbolized the power to shame society, and was used as a metaphor for misfortune, natural evil, or punishment from the gods. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people In some parts of the English-speaking world, "cack-handed" is slang for left-handed, and is also used to mean clumsy. The origin of this term is disputed, but some suggest it is derived from the Latin cacare, in reference to the habit of performing ablutions with the left hand, leaving the right hand "clean". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people The origin of this term is disputed, but some suggest it is derived from the Latin cacare, in reference to the habit of performing ablutions with the left hand, leaving the right hand "clean". However, other sources suggest that it is derived from the Old Norse word keikr, meaning "bent backwards". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bias against left-handed people Handedness is often defined by one's writing hand, as it is fairly common for people to prefer to do some tasks with each hand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness In most people, the left side of the brain controls speaking. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness The theory implies that left-handed people have a reversed organisation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness Lower-birth-weight and complications at birth are positively correlated with left-handedness. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness A left-handed catcher would have a potentially more dangerous time tagging out a baserunner trying to score. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness Due to the importance of stroke order, developed for the comfortable use of right-handed people, it is considered more difficult to write legible Chinese characters with the left hand than it is to write Latin letters, though difficulty is subjective and depends on the writer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness Ambidexterity refers to having equal ability in both hands. Those who learn it still tend to favor their originally dominant hand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness Those who learn it still tend to favor their originally dominant hand. This is very uncommon, with about a 1% prevalence. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness In many languages, including English, the word for the direction "right" also means "correct" or "proper". Throughout history, being left-handed was considered negative, or evil; even into the 20th century, left-handed children were beaten by schoolteachers for writing with their left hand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Handedness It may be identical to either the Questions of Bartholomew, the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (by Bartholomew), or neither. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gospel of Bartholomew All the best people took a hand in it, the King and the Queen Mother included. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre The river's source was found by Pyotr Kuzmich Kozlov in 1900. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mekong Vatican archaeologists declared this to be the tomb of Paul the Apostle in 2005. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paul the Apostle Giuseppe Simone Assemani specifically remarks, "the Chaldeans confound Bartholomew with Nathaniel". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bartholomew the Apostle Some of Bartholomew's alleged skull was transferred to the Frankfurt Cathedral, while an arm was venerated in Canterbury Cathedral. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bartholomew the Apostle Bartholomew is depicted on a surgical table, surrounded by tormentors while he is flayed with golden knives. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1833, he was awarded the title "Academician of Perspective Painting" for his work "The Studio of Pyotr Basin". Many of his interior portraits are considered to be among the best of the genre, following Venetsianov's belief that they too constitute "painting from nature". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kapiton Zelentsov Despite the financial burdens, he saw to it that his son had a proper education; first at a parish school in Krasny Kholm, then the secondary school in Bezhetsk. In 1849, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Pyotr Basin and Maxim Vorobiev. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pavel Chistyakov In 1849, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Pyotr Basin and Maxim Vorobiev. From 1854 to 1858, he received two silver medals and one gold, for his depiction of Hermogenes in prison. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Pavel Chistyakov According to Eusebius' record, Thomas and Bartholomew were assigned to Parthia and India. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Thomas the Apostle He was the confirmation of what he had said the old priest and that you are indeed in the presence of the Apostle's body. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Thomas the Apostle In July 2013, Bartholomew was appointed as weather presenter on Sunrise. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Edwina Bartholomew As recorded by Captain Charles Johnson regarding the articles of Bartholomew Roberts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bartholomew Roberts Until the 19th century, the authorship of the Gospel of John had been attributed to the Apostle John. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) John the Apostle He used the analogy of a person having two hands, a right and a left, both of which served the same master. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Left-hand path and right-hand path On the other hand, if he retains some fragment of ego, or if he fears to cross, he then becomes encysted. The layers of his self, which he could have shed in the Abyss, ossify around him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Left-hand path and right-hand path The second finger is the electric current, I.Of course, if the mnemonic is taught (and remembered) with a different arrangement of the parameters to the fingers, it could end up as a mnemonic that also reverses the roles of the two hands (instead of the standard left hand for motors, right hand for generators). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fleming's left-hand rule for motors He lived under the care of his aunt "Cissie", Millicent Mary Bartholomew, who raised him and became his surrogate mother. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Freddie Bartholomew Bartholomew was educated at Lord Weymouth's Grammar School in Warminster, and by his Aunt Cissie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Freddie Bartholomew World War II military service interrupted Bartholomew's career even further. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Freddie Bartholomew This ended up being Bartholomew's penultimate film performance, and his last for seven years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Freddie Bartholomew Seated on the left, the driver preferred that other wagons pass him on the left so that he would have a clear view of other vehicles. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Left- and right-hand traffic RHT was formalised in 1945.Japan was never part of the British Empire, but its traffic also drives on the left. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Left- and right-hand traffic In RHT jurisdictions, vehicles are typically configured LHD, with the steering wheel on the left side. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Left- and right-hand traffic The Letter or Epistle of Saint Jude in the Bible is usually attributed to the Apostle Jude, and is a short piece. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jude the Apostle Although Saint Gregory the Illuminator is credited as the "Apostle to the Armenians", when he baptized King Tiridates III of Armenia in 301, converting the Armenians, the Apostles Jude and Bartholomew are traditionally believed to have been the first to bring Christianity to Armenia, and are therefore venerated as the patron saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jude the Apostle Many countries venerate the Apostle Jude and have constructed shrines or churches dedicated to his memory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jude the Apostle Among naturally left-handed Japanese senior high school students, only 0.7% and 1.7% of individuals used their left hand for writing and eating, respectively, though young Japanese are more likely to convert to using chopsticks right-handed than forks or spoons (29.3% to 4.6%). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people It's leveling off, and I expect the real number of left-handers will turn out to be about 14 percent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Right-handed tools can be difficult, uncomfortable, or dangerous for left-handed people to use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Many scissors are offered as "ambidextrous" or "suitable for right- or left-handed use". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Input devices for computers can present obstacles to left-handed operation if intended for right-handed use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The functions of mouse buttons, even on mice shaped to fit both hands, default to right-hand use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Even with the ability to change the functionality of buttons, these devices may be difficult for left-handed use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Thus the left-hander's advantage in fencing stems mostly from a right-hander's unfamiliarity with a left-handed stance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The game of golf is most commonly played right-handed, and left-handed players typically must provide their own special golf clubs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people When playing volleyball, left-handed players are at an advantage when placed on the right wing to spike. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Right handed players are at an advantage on the left wing because the ball does not pass over their head while they are jumping to hit, therefore making it easier to contact the ball. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people A related issue is ocular dominance, due to which left-handed people may wish to shoot right-handed, and vice versa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The British L85 Assault Rifle must be fired right-handed, placing left-handed soldiers at a disadvantage. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In fact, most weapons adjust well enough that a weapon will not eject shells into a left-hander's eye. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people On bandsaws, the blade teeth are on the left side of the blade, necessitating the material being cut to be pushed from the left side of the machine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Tool manufacturer Porter-Cable produces a left-handed circular saw that can be purchased relatively inexpensively. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The word for "left" is stâng/stângă coming from Latin stancus (= stanticus) meaning "tired". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In Welsh, the word chwith means "left", but can also mean "strange", "awkward", or "wrong". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In Finnish, the word oikea means both "right" (okay, correct) and "right" (the opposite of left). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In Estonian, the word pahem stands for both "left" and "worse" and the word parem stands for both "right" and "better". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people A "left-handed compliment" is considered one that is unflattering or dismissive in meaning. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people There are many colloquial terms used to refer to a left-handed person, e.g. "southpaw" (USA). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In some parts of the English-speaking world, "cack-handed" is slang for left-handed, and is also used to mean clumsy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Left-to-right alphabets can be written smudge-free and in proper "forward slant" with the left hand if the paper is turned 1⁄4 turn clockwise (90 degrees to the right), and the left hand is drawn toward the body on forward strokes, and left to right on upward strokes (as expressed in directionality of the text). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The consequences to left-handed students can vary from decreased academic performance or physical ailments to nothing at all. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people If the answers must be filled in in a separate booklet, it can be awkward and uncomfortable for a left-handed student to line up the booklet with the answers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The unfavorable associations and connotations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied. In some areas, in order to preserve cleanliness where sanitation was an issue, the right hand, as the dominant hand of most individuals, was used for eating, handling food, and social interactions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Personal hygiene rules in Islam required this, as derived from hadith sources. These rules were imposed on all, no matter their dominant hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people He was forced to write with his right hand, as was common practice at the time. He was not expected to become king, so that was not a factor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness According to an article by The Washington Post from August 13, 1979, a psychologist from University of Chicago named Jerre Levy said: "In 1939, 2 percent of the population wrote with the left hand. By 1946, it was up to 7 1/2 percent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The mouse itself is also sometimes shaped to fit the right hand better. The functions of mouse buttons, even on mice shaped to fit both hands, default to right-hand use. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people One of the few cameras ever produced for left-handers was the half-frame Yashica Samurai. Cameras predominantly have the hand grip, shutter release, film wind lever and commonly used selection buttons, switches and dials controlled by the right hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The Oxford English Dictionary lists a non-baseball citation for "south paw", meaning a punch with the left hand, as early as 1848, just three years after the first organized baseball game, with the note "(orig. U.S., in Baseball). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Such design may be uncomfortable for left-handed people who may prefer all four corners of the card to be used. In Snooker, Ronnie O'Sullivan played with his left hand in the 1996 World Championship against Alain Robidoux, the Canadian accused him of disrespect and refused to shake hands after the match. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The Scots term for left-handedness is corrie fistit. The term can be used to convey clumsiness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In Hungarian, the word for right is jobb, which also means "better". The word for left is bal, which also means "bad". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people Left-handed people who speak Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Hebrew or any other language that conventionally uses a right-to-left script do not have the same difficulties with writing. The right-to-left nature of these writing systems prevents left-handers from running their hand on the ink as happens with left-to-right languages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people It is also possible to do calligraphy in this posture with the left hand, but using right-handed pen nibs. Otherwise, left-handed pen nibs are required in order to get the thick-to-thin stroke shapes correct for most type faces, and the left-handed calligrapher is very likely to smudge the text. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people The time it takes to find a comfortable, convenient position cuts into test-taking time, resulting in rushed answers and unchecked work. In Vietnam, schools officially require students to write with their right hands, and some teachers of Grade 1 (when writing is taught) would implement that rule by deducting points from tests written by the left hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bias against left-handed people In the Gospel of Matthew, this event takes place shortly before the miracle of the man with a withered hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Apostles in Christianity Bartholomew: buried in the Basilica of Benevento, Italy, or Basilica of St. Bartholomew on the Island, Rome, Italy --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Apostles in Christianity The incapable, less capable or less preferred hand is called the non-dominant hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness In many countries, left-handed people are or were required to write with their right hands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness Only around 30% of left-handers are not left-hemisphere dominant for language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness About two-thirds of fetuses present with their left occiput (back of the head) at birth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness Also, a slightly larger number of left-handers than right-handers are especially gifted in music and math. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness The term southpaw is sometimes used to refer to a left-handed individual, especially in baseball and boxing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness In baseball, a right-handed pitcher's curve ball will break away from a right-handed batter and towards a left-handed batter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness While uncommon, there have been several notable left-handed quarterbacks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness This would have made left-handers more visible and at the same time appear less capable and more clumsy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness Moreover, apart from inconvenience, left-handed people have historically been considered unlucky or even malicious for their difference by the right-handed majority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness A "left-handed compliment" is one that has two meanings, one of which is unflattering to the recipient. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness most people are, therefore right-handed. The theory implies that left-handed people have a reversed organisation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness On the other hand, the Encyclopedia of Baseball Catchers states:One advantage is a left-handed catcher's ability to frame a right-handed pitcher's breaking balls. A right-handed catcher catches a right-hander's breaking ball across his body, with his glove moving out of the strike zone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness Red-necked (Bennett's) wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) preferentially use their left hand for behaviours that involve fine manipulation, but the right for behaviours that require more physical strength. There was less evidence for handedness in arboreal species. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Handedness Ambrose's term is here referring to the Old Roman Creed, the immediate predecessor of what is now known as the "Apostle's Creed". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Apostles' Creed On the third day he rose again; he ascended into heaven, is seated at the right hand of the Father, and will come again to judge the living and the dead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Apostles' Creed The massacre began in the night of 23–24 August 1572 (the eve of the feast of Bartholomew the Apostle), two days after the attempted assassination of Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, the military and political leader of the Huguenots. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre The Massacre of Saint Bartholomew's Day was the culmination of a series of events: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Over the centuries, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre has inevitably aroused a great deal of controversy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre They forced the hand of a hesitant and weak-willed king in the decision of that particular execution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre He wrote in part, "St. Bartholomew's was unquestionably the finest thing of the kind ever devised and accomplished in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Who entitled The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve is set during the events leading up to the Paris massacre. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre The Mekong Basin has one of the world's largest and most productive inland fisheries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mekong Jessie hears a radio broadcast of the Apostle E. F. and calls the police on Sonny. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Apostle He was born to a family of merchants and attended the public schools of Saint Petersburg. In 1860, against his father's wishes and without his support, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Carl Timoleon von Neff, Pyotr Shamshin, Pyotr Basin and Bogdan Willewalde. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Viktor Bobrov (painter) According to the account in Acts 9:1–22, he was blinded for three days and had to be led into Damascus by the hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paul the Apostle E. P. Sanders has labeled the Apostle's remark in 1 Cor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paul the Apostle They lived, worked, and traveled with the Apostle Paul, becoming his honored, much-loved friends and coworkers in Christ Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paul the Apostle The Armenian Apostolic Church honours Saint Bartholomew along with Saint Thaddeus as its patron saints. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle In art Bartholomew is most commonly depicted with a beard and curly hair at the time of his martyrdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Popular traditions and legends say that Bartholomew preached the Gospel in India, then went to Greater Armenia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Two ancient testimonies exist about the mission of Saint Bartholomew in India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Current scholarship indicates that Bartholomew is more likely to have died in Kalyan in India, where there was an official named "Polymius". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle This association with medicine in course of time caused Bartholomew's name to become associated with medicine and hospitals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Saint Bartholomew is credited with many other miracles having to do with the weight of objects. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Another example includes the Flaying of St. Bartholomew in the Luttrell Psalter c.1325–1340. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle In Exquisite Pain 2006, Damien Hirst depicts St Bartholomew with a high level of anatomical detail with his flayed skin draped over his right arm, a scalpel in one hand and a pair of scissors in the other. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle St Bartholomew's Street Fair is held in Crewkerne, Somerset, annually at the start of September. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Nathanael is mentioned only in the Gospel of John. In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle In the Synoptic Gospels, Philip and Bartholomew are always mentioned together, while Nathanael is never mentioned. In John's gospel, however, Philip and Nathanael are similarly mentioned together. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle Majority of the scholars are skeptical about the mission of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. Stililingus (1703), Neande (1853), Hunter (1886), Rae (1892), Zaleski (1915) are the authors who supported the Apostolate of Saint Bartholomew in India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle The order was given to take the silver statue of Saint Bartholomew and melt it down. The statue was weighed, and it was found to be only a few grams. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew the Apostle During the 1830s, many of his paintings and lithographs were used to illustrate the works of Faddei Bulgarin, Alexander Pushkin and Mikhail Zagoskin. In 1833, he was awarded the title "Academician of Perspective Painting" for his work "The Studio of Pyotr Basin". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Kapiton Zelentsov 13 August 1961, Diaconate – receiving the ecclesiastical name Bartholomew --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew I of Constantinople Bartholomew, who also gained possession of the bronze reliquary which they are displayed in, described the Pope's gesture as "brave and bold." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew I of Constantinople Andrew the Apostle was born between 5 and 10 AD in Bethsaida, in Galilee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Andrew the Apostle Basil of Seleucia also knew of Apostle Andrew's missions in Thrace, Scythia and Achaea. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Andrew the Apostle Andrew the Apostle is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 30 November. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Andrew the Apostle He was the eldest son of the watercolor portraitist Pyotr Fyodorovich Sokolov. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pyotr Sokolov (painter) Ephrem the Syrian states that the Apostle was killed in India, and that his relics were taken then to Edessa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thomas the Apostle Ancient oral tradition retained by the Guaraní tribes of Paraguay claims that the Apostle Thomas was in Paraguay and preached to them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thomas the Apostle No further recorded investigations exists, and according to Wisner, people believed that the letters were made by Thomas the Apostle, following the tradition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thomas the Apostle An elderly priest, through an interpreter informed him that in that oratory was venerated the Body of Saint Thomas the Apostle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thomas the Apostle Leone, filled with an unusual sweetness, gathered in deep prayer. At that moment a light hand twice invited him to come closer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Thomas the Apostle In September 2013, Bartholomew was appointed co-host of Dancing with the Stars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edwina Bartholomew Bartholomew was born in Whyalla, South Australia. She spent her early years living in Japan and Malaysia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edwina Bartholomew It is unclear why Roberts changed his name from John to Bartholomew, but pirates often adopted aliases. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bartholomew Roberts John the Apostle was the son of Zebedee and the younger brother of James, son of Zebedee (James the Greater). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John the Apostle John lived on for another generation after the martyrdom of James, who was the first Apostle to die a martyr's death. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John the Apostle John, Apostle and Evangelist is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 27 December. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) John the Apostle On the other hand, left-handed path practitioners do not see this as the ultimate aim but a step towards their goal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Left-hand path and right-hand path In representations of the Buddha image, the right hand often makes an active mudra of skilful means—the earth-touching, protection, fearlessness, wish-granting or teaching mudra; while the left hand often remains in the passive mudra of meditative equipoise, resting in the lap and symbolising meditation on emptiness or wisdom." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Left-hand path and right-hand path Bartholomew was born Frederick Cecil Bartholomew in March 1924 in Harlesden in the borough of Willesden, Middlesex, London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew Bartholomew and his aunt immigrated to the United States in August 1934, and MGM gave him a seven-year contract. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew With her he had a daughter, Kathleen Millicent Bartholomew, born in March 1956, and a son, Frederick R. Bartholomew, born in 1958. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew Bartholomew and his second wife divorced by early 1977. He eventually remarried, and remained married to his third wife, Elizabeth, for the rest of his life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Freddie Bartholomew Generally, the convention is to mount a motorcycle on the left, and kickstands are usually on the left which makes it more convenient to mount on the safer kerbside as is the case in LHT. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Left- and right-hand traffic RHT is used in 165 countries and territories, with the remaining 75 countries and territories using LHT.Countries that use left-hand traffic account for about a sixth of the world's land area, with about a third of its population, and a quarter of its roads. In 1919, 104 of the world's territories were LHT and an equal number were RHT. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Left- and right-hand traffic In the late 1700s, traffic in the United States was RHT based on teamsters' use of large freight wagons pulled by several pairs of horses. The wagons had no driver's seat, so the (typically right-handed) postilion held his whip in his right hand and thus sat on the left rear horse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Left- and right-hand traffic The Armenian Apostolic Church honors Thaddeus along with Saint Bartholomew as its patron saints. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jude the Apostle Linked to this tradition is the Saint Thaddeus Monastery (now in northern Iran) and Saint Bartholomew Monastery (now in southeastern Turkey) which were both constructed in what was then Armenia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jude the Apostle Beyond being inherently disadvantaged by a right-handed bias in the design of tools, left-handed people have been subjected to deliberate discrimination and discouragement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Peoples of the Andes consider left-handers to possess special spiritual abilities, including magic and healing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In early Roman times, the left side retained a positive connotation, as the Augures proceeded from the eastern side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In a 2007 study in Taiwan, about 59.3% of children studied had been forced to convert from left-handedness to right-handedness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In addition, the incidence of the older group switching to their right hand for writing was more than triple that of the younger group. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In the early 1990s, there was controversy among researchers over whether left-handed people die earlier or not due to less left-handed people existing among elderly people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Additionally, public school and college purchasing agents specified that 10 percent of their desks are designed for left-handers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Because most people are right-handed, most everyday items are mass-produced for ease of use with the right hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Some computer set-ups have the mouse placed on the right side of the keyboard and unable to be repositioned to the left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people For a left handed person there are computer mice designed for left handed use, but they are a much smaller segment of the marketplace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Video game controllers often have the action buttons on the right with the directional controls on the left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people One of the few cameras ever produced for left-handers was the half-frame Yashica Samurai. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people As there are fewer left-handed players, the lane's left side is not used as much, and thus the applied oil pattern does not change as quickly as it does for right-handed bowlers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The term is also used to refer to a stance in which the boxer places the right foot in front of the left, so it is possible for a right-handed boxer to box with a southpaw stance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Fencing weapons feature left- and right-handed grips, and a left-handed fencer's stance is opposite that of a right-handed opponent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Such design may be uncomfortable for left-handed people who may prefer all four corners of the card to be used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people A left-handed shooter must either purchase a left-handed or ambidextrous firearm (which are manufactured in smaller numbers and are generally more expensive and/or harder to obtain), shoot a right-handed gun left-handed (which presents certain difficulties, such as the controls being improperly located for the left hand or hot shell cases being ejected towards the shooter's body, especially the eyes or down the collar or right sleeve), or learn to shoot right-handed (which may be less comfortable or "natural"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The deflector is not always effective, however, as the ejected shell still stands a chance of hitting the left-handed shooter's cheek, especially in windy conditions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Lever action and pump action firearms present fewer difficulties for left-handers than bolt action weapons do. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people This makes it difficult for a left-handed operator to guide the material being cut, as it must be pushed to the right side to align with the fence to avoid kickback. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The right hand has historically been associated with skill: the Latin word for right-handed is dexter, as in "dexterity", meaning manual skill. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In more technical contexts, "sinistral" may be used in place of "left-handed" and "sinistrality" in place of "left-handedness". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The Czech slang term levárna (roughly "left business") denotes a suspicious, shady scheme or trickery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The Spanish siniestra has both, too, although the "left" meaning is less common and is usually expressed by izquierda, a Basque word that made its way into Portuguese as well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In Portuguese, the most common word for left-handed person, canhoto, was once used to identify the devil, and canhestro, a related word, means "clumsy". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In Chinese culture, the adjective "left" (Chinese character: 左, Mandarin: zuǒ) sometimes means "improper" or "out of accord". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people For instance, the phrase "left path" (左道, zuǒdào) stands for unorthodox or immoral means. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people There were also examples of left-handed assassins in the Old Testament (Ehud killing the Moabite king). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In Russian and Polish, the use of the term nalyevo (na lewo in Polish) means "on the left", but can also connote taking bribes or "sneaky" behavior. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Multiple-choice tests tend to put the question on the left side of the page and the answers on the right side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In many religions, including Christianity, the right hand of God is the favored hand. For example, Jesus sits at God's right side. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people And he shall set the sheep on his right, but the goats on his left." In 19th-century Europe, homosexuals were referred to as "left-handed". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people By 1972, 12 percent. It's leveling off, and I expect the real number of left-handers will turn out to be about 14 percent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Today, in some local areas, discrimination may still remain, but on the whole, it seems to be over. There are many left-handers in Japan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Trackballs and touchpads are often shaped for right-handed use. Even with the ability to change the functionality of buttons, these devices may be difficult for left-handed use. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people This means that left-handed pitchers are throwing with their south-side arm. The Oxford English Dictionary lists a non-baseball citation for "south paw", meaning a punch with the left hand, as early as 1848, just three years after the first organized baseball game, with the note "(orig. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Most boxers, southpaw or otherwise, tend to train with sparring partners who adopt an orthodox stance which gives southpaws an advantage, but some left-handed boxers such as Gerry Cooney and Oscar De La Hoya also used an orthodox stance, giving them other advantages. Manny Pacquiao is an example of a southpaw (although he writes with his right hand). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people This is because the ball does not travel over their head in order for them to hit the ball, and is therefore easier for a lefty to hit the ball. However, the reverse is true for the left wing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people However, the reverse is true for the left wing. Right handed players are at an advantage on the left wing because the ball does not pass over their head while they are jumping to hit, therefore making it easier to contact the ball. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Historically, the left side, and subsequently left-handedness, was considered negative. The word "left" itself derives from the Anglo-Saxon word lyft, "weak". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In Vietnamese, the word for "right", phải also means "correct" or "must". The word for "left" is trái, which also mean "wrong", "opposite". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The word for "left" is trái, which also mean "wrong", "opposite". For example, "mặc áo trái" means "wearing a shirt inside out", or "làm trái ý" means going against someone's will. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people To look at someone over the left shoulder (iemand over de linkerschouder aanzien) is to regard him or her as insignificant. There is also a saying that goes "having 2 left hands", meaning that that person is clumsy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people The word for left is bal, which also means "bad". In Estonian, the word pahem stands for both "left" and "worse" and the word parem stands for both "right" and "better". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people In Turkish, the word for right is sağ, which means "alive". The word for left is sol, which means "discolor", "die", "ill". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bias against left-handed people Mixed-handedness or cross-dominance is the change of hand preference between different tasks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness However, this theory does not address the fact that the majority of left-handers have left-hemisphere language dominance—just like right-handers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Some of those have reversed brain organisation, where the verbal processing takes place in the right-hemisphere and visuospatial processing is dominant to the left hemisphere. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness This finding is likely due to the small proportion of left-handers who have atypical brain organisation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Infants have been observed to fluctuate heavily when choosing a hand to lead in grasping and object manipulation tasks, especially in one- versus two-handed grasping. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Similarly, studies of adolescents who took tests to assess mathematical giftedness found many more left-handers in the population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness At least one study maintains that left-handers are more likely to suffer from heart disease, and are more likely to have reduced longevity from cardiovascular causes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Goodman attributes this disparity to higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems in left-handed people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Historical batting averages show that left-handed batters have a slight advantage over right-handed batters when facing right-handed pitchers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Because there are fewer left-handed pitchers than right-handed pitchers, left-handed batters have more opportunities to face right-handed pitchers than their right-handed counterparts have against left-handed pitchers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Because a left-handed pitcher faces first base when he is in position to throw to the batter, whereas a right-handed pitcher has his back to first base, a left-handed pitcher has an advantage when attempting to pick off baserunners at first base. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness A left-handed catcher would be able to catch the pitch moving into the strike zone and create a better target for the umpire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Ice hockey typically uses a strategy in which a defence pairing includes one left-handed and one right-handed defender. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness A disproportionately large number of ice hockey players of all positions, 62 percent, shoot left, though this does not necessarily indicate left-handedness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Many tools and procedures are designed to facilitate use by right-handed people, often without realizing the difficulties incurred by the left-handed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Depending on the position and inclination of the writing paper, and the writing method, the left-handed writer can write as neatly and efficiently or as messily and slowly as right-handed writers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Thousands of left-handed people in today's society have to adapt to use right-handed tools and objects. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Right-handedness is most common; about 90% of people are right-handed. Handedness is often defined by one's writing hand, as it is fairly common for people to prefer to do some tasks with each hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness In fencing, about half the participants are left-handed. The term southpaw is sometimes used to refer to a left-handed individual, especially in baseball and boxing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Receivers also have to adapt to the opposite spin. While uncommon, there have been several notable left-handed quarterbacks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness Left-handedness was particularly apparent in the red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and the eastern gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus). Red-necked (Bennett's) wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) preferentially use their left hand for behaviours that involve fine manipulation, but the right for behaviours that require more physical strength. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Handedness The Gospel of Bartholomew is a missing text amongst the New Testament apocrypha, mentioned in several early sources. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Bartholomew In the prologue to his commentary on Matthew, Jerome mentions a "Gospel of Bartholomew" among several other apocryphal gospels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Bartholomew The author of the Decretum Gelasianum includes "the Gospels in the name of Bartholomew" in a list of condemned or unacceptable scriptures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gospel of Bartholomew With these words, the most popular preacher in Paris legitimised in advance the events of St. Bartholomew's Day". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre "The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and the events surrounding it were incorporated into D.W. Griffith's film Intolerance (1916). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Collider and The A.V. Club gave Apostle more favorable reviews with a B and B minus respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Apostle (film) Table 1: Country share of Mekong River Basin (MRB) and water --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mekong The Apostle is a 1997 American drama film written and directed by Robert Duvall, who stars in the title role. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Apostle In 1860, against his father's wishes and without his support, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied with Carl Timoleon von Neff, Pyotr Shamshin, Pyotr Basin and Bogdan Willewalde. He was awarded two silver medals in 1862 and 1863 and was named an "Artist" of the third degree in 1867. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Viktor Bobrov (painter) On the other hand, the Express and Mail newspapers, owned by Lord Beaverbrook and Lord Rothermere, respectively, appeared to support a morganatic marriage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Morganatic marriage Ge's drawings were later discovered by art collectors in Swiss second-hand stores as late as 1974. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Nikolai Ge Among the critics of Paul the Apostle was Thomas Jefferson, a Deist, who wrote that Paul was the "first corrupter of the doctrines of Jesus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paul the Apostle Along with his fellow apostle Jude "Thaddeus", Bartholomew is reputed to have brought Christianity to Armenia in the 1st century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Of the many miracles claimed to have been performed by Bartholomew before and after his death, two are known by the townsfolk of the small Italian island of Lipari. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The tradition of the people was to take the solid silver and gold statue from inside the Cathedral of St Bartholomew and carry it through the town. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Christian tradition has three stories about Bartholomew's death: "One speaks of his being kidnapped, beaten unconscious, and cast into the sea to drown. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle During the 16th century, images of the flaying of Bartholomew were so popular that it came to signify the saint in works of art. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Symbols associated with the saint include knives (alluding to the knife used to skin the saint alive) and his skin, which Bartholomew holds or drapes around his body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Similarly, the ancient herald of Bartholomew is known by "flaying knives with silver blades and gold handles, on a red field." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew (1634) by Jusepe de Ribera depicts Bartholomew's final moments before being flayed alive. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The viewer is meant to empathize with Bartholomew, whose body seemingly bursts through the surface of the canvas, and whose outstretched arms embrace a mystical light that illuminates his flesh. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The representation of Bartholomew's demise in the National Gallery painting differs significantly from all other depictions by Ribera. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle In John's gospel, however, Philip and Nathanael are similarly mentioned together. Giuseppe Simone Assemani specifically remarks, "the Chaldeans confound Bartholomew with Nathaniel". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Giuseppe Simone Assemani specifically remarks, "the Chaldeans confound Bartholomew with Nathaniel". Some Biblical scholars reject this identification, however. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle The studies of Fr A.C. Perumalil SJ and Moraes hold that the Bombay region on the Konkan coast, a region which may have been known as the ancient city Kalyan, was the field of Saint Bartholomew's missionary activities. Previously the consensus among scholars was against the apostolate of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle in India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Current scholarship indicates that Bartholomew is more likely to have died in Kalyan in India, where there was an official named "Polymius". The 13th-century Saint Bartholomew Monastery was a prominent Armenian monastery constructed at the site of the martyrdom of Apostle Bartholomew in Vaspurakan, Greater Armenia (now in southeastern Turkey). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Consequently, Saint Bartholomew is most often represented being skinned alive. Symbols associated with the saint include knives (alluding to the knife used to skin the saint alive) and his skin, which Bartholomew holds or drapes around his body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle St Bartholomew's Street Fair , Crewkerne is reputed to have been granted its charter in the time of Henry III (1207–1272). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew the Apostle Bartholomew fulfilled his military service in the Turkish army as a reserve officer between 1961 and 1963. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople When Demetrius I became ecumenical patriarch in 1972 and established the Patriarchal Office, he selected Bartholomew as its director. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople Bartholomew I was the target of an assassination plot which was planned to take place on May 29, 2013. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople On 5 January 2019, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew granted autocephaly to the newly founded Orthodox church of Ukraine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople Bartholomew I, Patriarch of the Phanar Roman Orthodox Patriarchate in Istanbulin Turkish: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople In 2012, he received the Four Freedom Award for the Freedom of Worship. In 1997, Bartholomew received the Congressional Gold Medal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew I of Constantinople The 1320 Declaration of Arbroath cites Scotland's conversion to Christianity by Andrew, "the first to be an Apostle". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Andrew the Apostle In 1258, some of the relics were brought to Ortona, in Abruzzo, Italy, where they have been held in the Church of Saint Thomas the Apostle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle According to Kurt E. Koch, Thomas the Apostle possibly traveled into Indonesia via India with Indian traders. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle Some portion of the relics were later transported to the West, and now rest in the Cathedral of St. Thomas the Apostle in Ortona, Italy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle The tombstone of Thomas, brought to Ortona from Chios along with the relics of the Apostle, is currently preserved in the crypt of St Thomas Basilica, behind the altar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle The testimony of Gregory of Tours (died 594): "Thomas the Apostle, according to the narrative of his martyrdom is stated to have suffered in India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle Ephrem the Syrian states that the Apostle was killed in India, and that his relics were taken then to Edessa. This is the earliest known record of his death. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle There the devil speaks of Thomas as "the Apostle I slew in India". Also, "The merchant brought the bones" to Edessa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas the Apostle As an undrafted free agent, Bartholomew was to play in the National Football League for the Denver Broncos. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Will Bartholomew Bartholomew's career ended after suffering a knee injury during training camp that required multiple extensive surgeries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Will Bartholomew Bartholomew is currently news presenter on the Seven Network's breakfast television program Sunrise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edwina Bartholomew In 2018 and 2019, Bartholomew co-hosted Australian Spartan alongside Hamish McLachlan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edwina Bartholomew The next landfall was at the island of St. Bartholomew, where the French governor allowed the pirates to remain for several weeks to carouse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew Roberts His father was most likely George Roberts. It is unclear why Roberts changed his name from John to Bartholomew, but pirates often adopted aliases. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew Roberts It is unclear why Roberts changed his name from John to Bartholomew, but pirates often adopted aliases. He may have chosen his first name after the well-known buccaneer Bartholomew Sharp. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bartholomew Roberts The LDS Church teaches that John the Apostle is the same person as John the Evangelist, John of Patmos, and the Beloved Disciple. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) John the Apostle In 1964 he was made a vice president of radio and television at the company. Bartholomew and his second wife divorced by early 1977. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Freddie Bartholomew In RHT jurisdictions, vehicles are typically configured LHD, with the steering wheel on the left side. In LHT jurisdictions, the reverse is true. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Left- and right-hand traffic Generally, the convention is to mount a motorcycle on the left, and kickstands are usually on the left which makes it more convenient to mount on the safer kerbside as is the case in LHT. Some jurisdictions prohibit fitting a sidecar to a motorcycle's offside. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Left- and right-hand traffic Pyotr Nikolayevich Gorlov (Russian: Пётр Никола́евич Го́рлов; 11 May 1839 in Irkutsk, Irkutsk Governorate, Russian Empire – 20 November 1915) was a geologist and engineer who explored coal deposits in the Donets Basin, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Ussuri Krai. He founded the city of Horlivka; the city has a monument in honor of him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pyotr Gorlov As a child British King George VI (1895-1952) was naturally left-handed. He was forced to write with his right hand, as was common practice at the time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people " The frequency of left-handed writing in the United States, which was only 2.1 percent in 1932, had risen to over 11 percent by 1972. According to an article by The Washington Post from August 13, 1979, a psychologist from University of Chicago named Jerre Levy said: "In 1939, 2 percent of the population wrote with the left hand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people A left-handed individual may be known as a southpaw, particularly in a sports context. It is widely accepted that the term originated in the United States, in the game of baseball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people Ballparks are often designed so that batters are facing east, so that the afternoon or evening sun does not shine in their eyes. This means that left-handed pitchers are throwing with their south-side arm. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people In boxing, someone who boxes left-handed is frequently referred to as southpaw. The term is also used to refer to a stance in which the boxer places the right foot in front of the left, so it is possible for a right-handed boxer to box with a southpaw stance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people When playing volleyball, left-handed players are at an advantage when placed on the right wing to spike. This is because the ball does not travel over their head in order for them to hit the ball, and is therefore easier for a lefty to hit the ball. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people A related issue is ocular dominance, due to which left-handed people may wish to shoot right-handed, and vice versa. Ocular dominance plays more of a role in shooting accuracy than does left versus right handiness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people This makes it difficult for a left-handed operator to guide the material being cut, as it must be pushed to the right side to align with the fence to avoid kickback. On bandsaws, the blade teeth are on the left side of the blade, necessitating the material being cut to be pushed from the left side of the machine. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people In Romanian drept/dreaptă (coming from Latin directus) means both "right" and "straight". The word for "left" is stâng/stângă coming from Latin stancus (= stanticus) meaning "tired". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people In Welsh, the word chwith means "left", but can also mean "strange", "awkward", or "wrong". The Scots term for left-handedness is corrie fistit. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people In Russian and Polish, the use of the term nalyevo (na lewo in Polish) means "on the left", but can also connote taking bribes or "sneaky" behavior. Balszerencse (lit. "left luck") is Hungarian for "bad luck". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people This right-handed bias is reflected in standardized tests as well. Multiple-choice tests tend to put the question on the left side of the page and the answers on the right side. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people However, their findings are more complex. In studies in the United States and United Kingdom, it was found that left-handed men earn more than right-handed men; about 5% more in the UK. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bias against left-handed people In the Gospel of Matthew, this event takes place shortly before the miracle of the man with a withered hand. In the gospels of Mark and of Luke, it appears shortly after that miracle. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Apostles in Christianity The incapable, less capable or less preferred hand is called the non-dominant hand. Right-handedness is most common; about 90% of people are right-handed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness Because the vast majority of the population is right-handed, many devices are designed for use by right-handed people, making their use by left-handed people more difficult. In many countries, left-handed people are or were required to write with their right hands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness In many countries, left-handed people are or were required to write with their right hands. Left-handed people are also more prone to certain health problems. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness One common handedness theory is the brain hemisphere division of labor. In most people, the left side of the brain controls speaking. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness The theory implies that left-handed people have a reversed organisation. However, this theory does not address the fact that the majority of left-handers have left-hemisphere language dominance—just like right-handers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness However, this theory does not address the fact that the majority of left-handers have left-hemisphere language dominance—just like right-handers. Only around 30% of left-handers are not left-hemisphere dominant for language. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness About two-thirds of fetuses present with their left occiput (back of the head) at birth. This partly explains why prematurity results in a decrease in right-handedness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness At least one study maintains that left-handers are more likely to suffer from heart disease, and are more likely to have reduced longevity from cardiovascular causes. Left-handers are more likely to suffer bone fractures. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness "As a child British King George VI (1895-1952) was naturally left-handed. He was forced to write with his right hand, as was common practice at the time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness This would have made left-handers more visible and at the same time appear less capable and more clumsy. During this era, children were taught to write with a dip pen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Handedness The massacre began in the night of 23–24 August 1572 (the eve of the feast of Bartholomew the Apostle), two days after the attempted assassination of Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, the military and political leader of the Huguenots. King Charles IX ordered the killing of a group of Huguenot leaders, including Coligny, and the slaughter spread throughout Paris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Over the centuries, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre has inevitably aroused a great deal of controversy. Modern historians are still divided over the responsibility of the royal family: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) St. Bartholomew's Day massacre Jessie hears a radio broadcast of the Apostle E. F. and calls the police on Sonny. The police show up in the middle of an evening service but allow Sonny to finish it while they wait outside. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Apostle The German name was Ehe zur linken Hand ("marriage by the left hand") and the husband gave his left hand during the wedding ceremony instead of the right. Perhaps the most famous example in modern times was the 1900 marriage of the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and Bohemian aristocrat Countess Sophie Chotek von Chotkowa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Morganatic marriage According to the account in Acts 9:1–22, he was blinded for three days and had to be led into Damascus by the hand. During these three days, Saul took no food or water and spent his time in prayer to God. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paul the Apostle Vatican archaeologists declared this to be the tomb of Paul the Apostle in 2005. In June 2009, Pope Benedict XVI announced excavation results concerning the tomb. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paul the Apostle , ms 142) and Pseudo-Abdias manuscripts. In art Bartholomew is most commonly depicted with a beard and curly hair at the time of his martyrdom. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle This association with medicine in course of time caused Bartholomew's name to become associated with medicine and hospitals. Some of Bartholomew's alleged skull was transferred to the Frankfurt Cathedral, while an arm was venerated in Canterbury Cathedral. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle The people of Lipari celebrated his feast day annually. The tradition of the people was to take the solid silver and gold statue from inside the Cathedral of St Bartholomew and carry it through the town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle During World War II, the fascist regime looked for ways to finance their activities. The order was given to take the silver statue of Saint Bartholomew and melt it down. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle In reality, the statue is made from many kilograms of silver and it is considered a miracle that it was not melted down. Saint Bartholomew is credited with many other miracles having to do with the weight of objects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle St Bartholomew is the most prominent flayed Christian martyr. During the 16th century, images of the flaying of Bartholomew were so popular that it came to signify the saint in works of art. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle During the 16th century, images of the flaying of Bartholomew were so popular that it came to signify the saint in works of art. Consequently, Saint Bartholomew is most often represented being skinned alive. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle As in Michelangelo’s Last Judgement, the saint is often depicted with both the knife and his skin. Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle Representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. Saint Bartholomew is often depicted in lavish medieval manuscripts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle Another example includes the Flaying of St. Bartholomew in the Luttrell Psalter c.1325–1340. Bartholomew is depicted on a surgical table, surrounded by tormentors while he is flayed with golden knives. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle The fair dates back to Saxon times and the major traders' market was recorded in the Domesday Book. St Bartholomew's Street Fair --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew the Apostle In 1997, Bartholomew received the Congressional Gold Medal. The Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom are the highest civilian awards given by the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew I of Constantinople Andrew, along with Saint Stachys, is recognized as the patron saint of the Patriarchate. Basil of Seleucia also knew of Apostle Andrew's missions in Thrace, Scythia and Achaea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Andrew the Apostle An elderly priest, through an interpreter informed him that in that oratory was venerated the Body of Saint Thomas the Apostle. Leone, filled with an unusual sweetness, gathered in deep prayer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Thomas the Apostle He was the confirmation of what he had said the old priest and that you are indeed in the presence of the Apostle's body. He went back on the galley and planned the theft for the next night, along with fellow Ruggiero Grogno. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Thomas the Apostle The tombstone of Thomas, brought to Ortona from Chios along with the relics of the Apostle, is currently preserved in the crypt of St Thomas Basilica, behind the altar. The urn containing the bones instead is placed under the altar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Thomas the Apostle In July 2013, Bartholomew was appointed as weather presenter on Sunrise. In September 2013, Bartholomew was appointed co-host of Dancing with the Stars. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Edwina Bartholomew She later boarded at Abbotsleigh School in Wahroonga, Sydney, where she completed her Higher School Certificate and featured in the Distinguished Achievers List. Bartholomew lives in Sydney and is married with one child. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Edwina Bartholomew They sailed in among the ships in the Road, all of which promptly struck their flags. The next landfall was at the island of St. Bartholomew, where the French governor allowed the pirates to remain for several weeks to carouse. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bartholomew Roberts John the Apostle was the son of Zebedee and the younger brother of James, son of Zebedee (James the Greater). According to Church tradition, their mother was Salome. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John the Apostle Until the 19th century, the authorship of the Gospel of John had been attributed to the Apostle John. However, most modern critical scholars have their doubts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John the Apostle The traditional liturgical color is white. John, Apostle and Evangelist is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 27 December. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) John the Apostle
2335.	Q: Do Stanford Memorial Church and Hoover Tower both have columns as an architectural feature? Title = Memchu outerwindows Description = Title = Stanford University - Hoover Tower.JPG Description = A: Yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Hoover Institution Library and Archives, Hoover Dam, Hooverville, Atrium (architecture), Bruce D. Perry, Lanai (architecture), Stanford Memorial Church, Margaret Hoover, Kosta (architectural feature), Hoover Institution, Clark Gregg, Architectural glass, Leland Stanford, Breezeway, Soffit, Main Quad (Stanford University), Stanford University, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum, Hoover Tower, Herbert Hoover, Atlas (architecture), Closet, Predication (computer architecture), Hoover, Leland Stanford Jr., History of Stanford University, Vimana (architectural feature), Jane Stanford, Murder of Arlis Perry Toggle details	The Stanford Memorial Church on the university campus is dedicated to him. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Leland Stanford Perry told her husband that she wanted to pray alone inside the Stanford Memorial Church, and they parted. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Murder of Arlis Perry "Stanford Memorial Church: A Late Victorian Jewel". --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church's first christening was held between the two services. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church: The Mosaics, the Windows, the Inscriptions. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Stanford Memorial Church Gregg's father is also the former chaplain at Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Clark Gregg Stanford Memorial Church has withstood two major earthquakes, in 1906 and 1989, and was extensively renovated after each. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church has suffered two major earthquakes, in 1906 and in 1989. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Stanford Memorial Church Camerino obtained permission from Pope Leo XIII to reproduce it at Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Stanford Memorial Church In July 1940 Stanford University was given the bells for installation in Hoover Tower. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Hoover Tower At Stanford, he serves as a lecturer in Organ, Director of the Stanford University Singers, and Director of the Memorial Church Choir. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church houses five organs, a "situation only a few places in the nation can boast". --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church has suffered two major earthquakes, in 1906 and in 1989. Although extensively damaged, the church was restored after each. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Stanford Memorial Church After a delay of almost a year, Stanford Memorial Church was dedicated on January 25, 1903, with "impressive ceremonies". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church was rededicated by chaplain Robert C. Gregg on November 1, 1992. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church is run by the Stanford Office for Religious Life, headed by the current Dean for Religious Life, Tiffany Steinwert. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church Robert Huw Morgan, a native of Wales, has been Stanford Memorial Church's organist since 1999. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church The architectural style of Stanford Memorial Church has been referred to as "a stunning example of late Victorian ecclesiastical art and architecture with echoes of Pre-Raphaelitism". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church: The Mosaics, the Windows, the Inscriptions. Palo Alto, Calif.: --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial Church was also damaged but was repaired more quickly via private donations. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Main Quad (Stanford University) By 1960, the chaplains of Stanford Memorial Church no longer had to run the program, which had expanded to allow students the option of majoring in the study of religion. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church, throughout its history, has been served by chaplains who have been influential amongst the Stanford University student body and community at large. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Stanford Memorial Church As a result, Jane Stanford decreed, from the beginning of Stanford Memorial Church's history, that the church be non-denominational. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Stanford Memorial Church Multi-faith services are held at Stanford Memorial Church, in addition to denominational and non-denominational Christian services. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Stanford Memorial Church Hoover Tower is a 285 feet (87 m) structure on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Hoover Tower Hoover Tower, inspired by the tower at the New Cathedral of Salamanca, was finished in 1941, the year of Stanford's 50th anniversary. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Hoover Tower Stanford Memorial Church (also referred to informally as MemChu) is located on the Main Quad at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford, California, United States. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church is located at the center of Stanford University, and is "the principle building that is seen as the visitor approaches the University along Palm Drive from Palo Alto". --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Stanford Memorial Church The university changed the title of her position to accommodate a Jewish rabbi, from "Associate Dean of Memorial Church" to "Associate Dean of Religious Life at Stanford". --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Stanford Memorial Church In 1938, the War Library revealed building plans for Hoover Tower, which was to be its permanent home independent of the Stanford Library system. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hoover Institution Glass is also used for internal partitions and as an architectural feature. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Architectural glass Perry told her husband that she wanted to pray alone inside the Stanford Memorial Church, and they parted. Bruce became concerned when his wife had not returned home by 3:00 a.m. and called the Stanford police to report her missing. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Murder of Arlis Perry Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1989. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1985. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1980. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Perry's newly-wed wife, Arlis Perry, was found murdered in Stanford Memorial Church on the grounds of Stanford University in California on October 12, 1974. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bruce D. Perry Stanford Memorial Church was the earliest and has been "among the most prominent" non-denominational churches on the West Coast of the United States. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church According to Memorial Church chaplain Robert C. Gregg, "The grandeur of the church, articulated in its details, greatly occupied Jane Stanford—the structure was to be without flaw". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Ultimately, they chose to repair Memorial Church because they recognized that it was "integral to the identity of the young university". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Trueblood and his wife hosted monthly Friends meetings in their home, and met weekly with Orthodox Jewish students in the vestry of Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church is part of a linked, complex system of arcades that make up the Quad, which serves to unify the entire complex, is more reminiscent of European public spaces than American ones, and "is probably one of the most important feature of the original Stanford architecture". --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church The mosaics that decorate Stanford Memorial Church, which Taylor considers "a perfect complement to Frederick Lamb's stained-glass windows", are "virtually everywhere" inside the church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church According to Gregg, Jane Stanford came up with the idea, calling it "idiosyncratic by some architectural historians", of extensively decorating Memorial Church's interior and facade, similar in style to the mosaics in many of the churches she and her husband admired during their travels in Europe. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church's first organ, the 1901 Murray Harris, named for its builder Murray M. Harris, sits in the upstairs gallery and is still in use. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial Church's third organ, the Katherine Potter-Brinegar organ, was built in 1995 and was named for the spouse of Stanford alumni Claude S. Brinegar. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church It "further enhances" the diversity of the organs in Stanford Memorial Church, and was inspired by a famous chamber organ designed by German organ maker Esias Compenius in 1610. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church was the earliest and has been "among the most prominent" non-denominational churches on the West Coast of the United States. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Stanford Memorial Church The auditorium is now a symbolic bridge between Hoover and Stanford Campus. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hoover Institution The Inner Quad consists of a large courtyard surrounded by twelve connected buildings (numbered clockwise, 1 through 110) and Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Main Quad (Stanford University) Hoover Tower also houses the Hoover Institution research center and think tank. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Hoover Tower In 1919, Hoover established the Hoover War Collection at Stanford University. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Herbert Hoover At least seven people were in the Stanford Memorial Church during the night of October 12 and the morning of October 13; among them were Perry and Crawford. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Murder of Arlis Perry Stanford Memorial Church's first christening was held between the two services. Jane Stanford once remarked: "While my whole heart is in the university, my soul is in that church". --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Stanford Memorial Church George H. Nash, "Herbert Hoover and Stanford University. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Coolidge loosely based his design of Memorial Church on Richardson's design of Trinity Church in Boston. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford University Office for Religious Life About Memorial Church (see link to Memorial Church 360 degree Panoramic Tour at bottom of page) --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stanford Memorial Church A second service was held later that day, and D. Charles Gardner, the chaplain, gave the sermon. Stanford Memorial Church's first christening was held between the two services. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Stanford Memorial Church The Hoover War Library was housed in the Stanford Library, separate from the general stacks. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hoover Institution It is oriented slightly east of north along the Memorial Church–Memorial Court–Palm Drive axis. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Main Quad (Stanford University) Hoover Tower, inspired by the tower at the New Cathedral of Salamanca, was finished in 1941, the year of Stanford's 50th anniversary. It was designed by architect Arthur Brown, Jr. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hoover Tower Also located at Stanford is the Hoover Institution, a think tank and research institution started by Hoover. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Herbert Hoover In the same petition they also removed the prohibition of sectarian worship on campus (previous only non-denominational Christian worship in Stanford Memorial Church was permitted). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) History of Stanford University Hoover along with his wife, Lou Henry Hoover, were among the first graduates of Stanford. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) History of Stanford University Starting in 1919, Hoover donated the collected materials to Stanford, his alma mater, along with funds to maintain and develop the documents. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hoover Institution Library and Archives During a temporary housing crisis, the comic strip Piled Higher and Deeper refers to a fictional solution to the resulting housing crisis at Stanford University as "Hooverville" due to its proximity to Stanford's Hoover Tower. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hooverville She was determined that the quality of the stonework of Memorial Church should equal the medieval churches she admired in Europe. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church Leading this focus was Stanford Memorial Church Dean of the Chapel and Professor of Religion B. Davie Napier, who was "a powerful critic of U.S. policy in Vietnam". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church In 2017, a campus organization attempted to have Stanford Memorial Church declared a sanctuary church for the undocumented immigrant student population, but was unsuccessful due to university policies regarding the status of the church as part of the university. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church The installation of the windows at Stanford Memorial Church was the largest commission awarded to an American stained glass artist at the time, and the project is "considered the finest example of Lamb's work". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church She was named Muslim Woman of the Year in the United Kingdom in 2014, and is a recognized Muslim leader. Robert Huw Morgan, a native of Wales, has been Stanford Memorial Church's organist since 1999. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church As a result, Jane Stanford decreed, from the beginning of Stanford Memorial Church's history, that the church be non-denominational. She believed that adopting this philosophy would "serve the broadest spiritual needs of the university community". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Stanford Memorial Church The Institution was set up by Hoover, a wealthy engineer who was one of Stanford's first graduates. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hoover Institution Gregg consulted his father, a retired religion professor at Stanford, for the quotation from Saint Paul's letter to the Galatians which Gregg used in Choke. Gregg's father is also the former chaplain at Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Clark Gregg Hoover took a position with a London-based mining company after graduating from Stanford University in 1895. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Herbert Hoover When Hoover graduated from Stanford in 1895, the country was in the midst of the Panic of 1893, and he initially struggled to find a job. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Herbert Hoover Around 11:30 p.m. the night of October 12, 1974, the Perrys had an argument about their car's tire pressure. Perry told her husband that she wanted to pray alone inside the Stanford Memorial Church, and they parted. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Murder of Arlis Perry Perry’s husband was an initial suspect, but was eventually ruled out. At least seven people were in the Stanford Memorial Church during the night of October 12 and the morning of October 13; among them were Perry and Crawford. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Murder of Arlis Perry At least seven people were in the Stanford Memorial Church during the night of October 12 and the morning of October 13; among them were Perry and Crawford. Four other people were identified; a seventh was not. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Murder of Arlis Perry In 1966, however, the university's Board of Trustees got a court order that allowed them to change the non-sectarian clause in Stanford's charter so that they could expand the university's religious program, which included permitting sectarian worship services at Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church She "provides liturgical leadership for Memorial Church on campus for a variety of religious and other events". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church None of the windows of Stanford Memorial Church required replacement after the 1906 quake, except for "the famous rose window of the original structure" in the organ loft which was replaced by the current large, central arch window. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church Members of the university community use Memorial Church for "quiet, for reflection, and for private devotions". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church Photograph of the Stanford Memorial Church after 1906 San Francisco earthquake from the Lick Observatory Records Digital Archive, UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collection --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church (also referred to informally as MemChu) is located on the Main Quad at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford, California, United States. It was built during the American Renaissance by Jane Stanford as a memorial to her husband Leland. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church Gregg called the church "a perfect example of the movement", with elements of the Renaissance, Byzantine and Medieval art, the Romanesque period, and the Pre-Raphaelites. The architectural style of Stanford Memorial Church has been referred to as "a stunning example of late Victorian ecclesiastical art and architecture with echoes of Pre-Raphaelitism". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church The church's organist is Robert Huw Morgan. Stanford Memorial Church's first organ, the 1901 Murray Harris, named for its builder Murray M. Harris, sits in the upstairs gallery and is still in use. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church was the earliest and has been "among the most prominent" non-denominational churches on the West Coast of the United States. Multi-faith services are held at Stanford Memorial Church, in addition to denominational and non-denominational Christian services. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford Memorial Church In 1976, one third of Stanford University's book holdings were housed at the Hoover library. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hoover Institution In 1922, the Collection became known as the Hoover War Library. The Hoover War Library was housed in the Stanford Library, separate from the general stacks. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hoover Institution By 1929, it contained 1.4 million items and was becoming too large to house in the Stanford Library. In 1938, the War Library revealed building plans for Hoover Tower, which was to be its permanent home independent of the Stanford Library system. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hoover Institution A soffit is an exterior or interior architectural feature, generally the horizontal, aloft underside of any construction element. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Soffit Memorial Church was also damaged but was repaired more quickly via private donations. In 2020, the Stanford Department of Psychology and student-led groups began the process to rename Jordan Hall because of David Starr Jordan's association with the eugenics movement. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Main Quad (Stanford University) The Stanford Graduate School of Business was founded in 1925 at the urging of then-trustee Herbert Hoover. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford University Contemporary campus landmarks include the Main Quad and Memorial Church, the Cantor Center for Visual Arts and the Bing Concert Hall, the Stanford Mausoleum with the nearby Angel of Grief, Hoover Tower, the Rodin sculpture garden, the Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden, the Arizona Cactus Garden, the Stanford University Arboretum, Green Library and the Dish. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Stanford University President Herbert Hoover (1874–1964) was an alumnus of Stanford University, graduating in 1895 to become a mining engineer. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives In 1941 Hoover Tower was completed as a repository for the growing collection, which was eventually named the Hoover Institution and Library on War, Revolution and Peace. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives The documents were initially housed within the main Stanford Library, but by 1929 the collection had reached 1.4 million items and space was becoming a problem. In 1941 Hoover Tower was completed as a repository for the growing collection, which was eventually named the Hoover Institution and Library on War, Revolution and Peace. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Guide to the Boris I. Nicolaevsky Collection in the Hoover Institution Archives. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1989. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Foreword by W. Glenn Campbell. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1989. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Collection Survey No. 1. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1974. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Robert C. Gregg, who was chaplain of Memorial Church during the 1980s and 1990s, stated that the Stanfords had two objectives in building the church: to ensure that Stanford students had an opportunity to develop their ethics as well as their studies, and to provide comfort and strength to the community. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church In 1946, Merrimon Cuninggim, a visiting chaplain at Stanford Memorial Church, criticized the serious lack of religious and spiritual resources available at Stanford for its students and criticized the university's lack of academic courses offered in the study of religions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford did not employ a full-time professor in religion until 1951 and did not establish a religious studies department until 1973, later than most other universities in the U.S. Earlier courses in religion were largely offered by the chaplains of Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church Jane Stanford hired builder John McGilvray, who was responsible for constructing the St. Francis Hotel, the City Hall complex in San Francisco, and much of Stanford University, for the actual construction of Stanford Memorial Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church According to Memorial Church chaplain Robert C. Gregg, "The grandeur of the church, articulated in its details, greatly occupied Jane Stanford—the structure was to be without flaw". Groundbreaking for the church took place in May 1899; construction began in January 1900. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford Memorial Church is run by the Stanford Office for Religious Life, headed by the current Dean for Religious Life, Tiffany Steinwert. She replaced the Very Rev. Prof. Jane Shaw who was the dean for 4 years, 2014–18. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial services, conducted by Stanford's dean and other chaplain officials, for students, alumni, faculty, and staff are also conducted at the church. Members of the university community use Memorial Church for "quiet, for reflection, and for private devotions". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford Memorial Church Located in Stanford, California, it began as a library founded in 1919 by Stanford alumnus Herbert Hoover, before he became President of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution In 1938, the War Library revealed building plans for Hoover Tower, which was to be its permanent home independent of the Stanford Library system. The 285-foot tall tower was completed in 1941, Stanford University's fiftieth anniversary. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution The auditorium is now a symbolic bridge between Hoover and Stanford Campus. In the future, Traitel will be joined by the George Shultz Building. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Institution Glass is also used for internal partitions and as an architectural feature. When used in buildings, glass is often of a safety type, which include reinforced, toughened and laminated glasses. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Architectural glass The Outer Quad and Memorial Church were completed by 1906, but the entire structure was severely damaged in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Main Quad (Stanford University) In its oldest form it was an event at which "a Stanford girl becomes a Stanford woman ... when kissed by a senior man in front of Memorial Church under the light of a full moon"; now it is a party with much kissing held on the first full moon of winter quarter. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Main Quad (Stanford University) Stanford Memorial Church, in the center of campus, has a Sunday University Public Worship service (UPW) usually in the "Protestant Ecumenical Christian" tradition where the Memorial Church Choir sings and a sermon is preached usually by one of the Stanford deans for Religious Life. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stanford University Hoover Tower receives approximately 200 visitors per day, and a nominal fee is charged for non-students or non-faculty. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Tower Hoover Tower is a 285 feet (87 m) structure on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California. The tower houses the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, an archive collection founded by Herbert Hoover before he became President of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Tower Hoover had amassed a large collection of materials related to early 20th century history; he donated them to Stanford, his alma mater, to found a "library of war, revolution and peace". Hoover Tower also houses the Hoover Institution research center and think tank. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hoover Tower Hoover was a member of the inaugural "Pioneer Class" of Stanford University, entering in 1891 despite failing all the entrance exams except mathematics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Herbert Hoover During his sophomore year, to reduce his costs, Hoover co-founded the first student housing cooperative at Stanford, "Romero Hall". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Herbert Hoover Hoover also joined the board of trustees at Stanford, and led a successful campaign to appoint John Branner as the university's president. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Herbert Hoover Hoover accepted the nomination at Stanford Stadium, telling a huge crowd that he would continue the policies of the Harding and Coolidge administrations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Herbert Hoover The body of many Atlantes turns into a rectangular pillar or other architectural feature around the waist level, a feature borrowed from the term. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Atlas (architecture) Hoover along with his wife, Lou Henry Hoover, were among the first graduates of Stanford. Herbert Hoover was also a trustee of the university. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of Stanford University Arlis Kay Perry (February 22, 1955 – October 12, 1974) was a 19-year-old American newlywed who was murdered inside Stanford Memorial Church, within the grounds of Stanford University in California, on October 12, 1974. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Murder of Arlis Perry Starting in 1919, Hoover donated the collected materials to Stanford, his alma mater, along with funds to maintain and develop the documents. The collection was called the Hoover War Collection and later the Hoover War Library. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Peter Duignan, The Library of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1985. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Charles G Palm and Dale Reed, Guide to the Hoover Institution Archives. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1980. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution Library and Archives The spire was never repaired and the tower was removed and replaced by a simpler structure; however, the clock was saved and preserved in a temporary structure behind the church before eventually being placed in another building on campus, the Stanford Clock Tower. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial services, conducted by Stanford's dean and other chaplain officials, for students, alumni, faculty, and staff are also conducted at the church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial Church's third organ, the Katherine Potter-Brinegar organ, was built in 1995 and was named for the spouse of Stanford alumni Claude S. Brinegar. It "further enhances" the diversity of the organs in Stanford Memorial Church, and was inspired by a famous chamber organ designed by German organ maker Esias Compenius in 1610. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stanford Memorial Church In 1919, Hoover donated $50,000 to Stanford University to support the collection of primary materials related to World War I, a project that became known as the Hoover War Collection. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution The Institution was set up by Hoover, a wealthy engineer who was one of Stanford's first graduates. In 1928, he was elected President of the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution The Hoover War Library was housed in the Stanford Library, separate from the general stacks. By 1926, the Hoover War Library was known as the largest library in the world devoted to the Great War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hoover Institution It is most typically used as transparent glazing material in the building envelope, including windows in the external walls. Glass is also used for internal partitions and as an architectural feature. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Architectural glass Restoration of the Quad began immediately, but several original features of the Quad that collapsed in the earthquake were never rebuilt: the huge Memorial Arch over the entrance to Memorial Court, and a spire on Memorial Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Main Quad (Stanford University) Stanford is the alma mater of one president of the United States (Herbert Hoover), 74 living billionaires, and 17 astronauts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stanford University Stanford Memorial Church, in the center of campus, has a Sunday University Public Worship service (UPW) usually in the "Protestant Ecumenical Christian" tradition where the Memorial Church Choir sings and a sermon is preached usually by one of the Stanford deans for Religious Life. UPW sometimes has multifaith services. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stanford University During his senior year at Stanford, Hoover became smitten with a classmate named Lou Henry, though his financial situation precluded marriage at that time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Herbert Hoover In his spare time, Hoover wrote. His lectures at Columbia and Stanford universities were published in 1909 as Principles of Mining, which became a standard textbook. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Herbert Hoover A piece of furniture such as a cabinet or chest of drawers serves the same function of storage, but is not a closet, which is an architectural feature rather than a piece of furniture. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Closet The earthquake destroyed parts of the Main Quad, including the original iteration of Memorial Church and the gate that first marked the entrance of the school, as well as a partially built main library. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of Stanford University Stanford moved out of her mansion and vowed never to return. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jane Stanford A full account of the founding of the Hoover Institution Library and Archives is provided by George H.Nash in "Herbert Hoover and Stanford University," published by the Hoover Institution Press in 1988. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Institution Library and Archives In 1941 Hoover Tower was completed as a repository for the growing collection, which was eventually named the Hoover Institution and Library on War, Revolution and Peace. Staff members in subsequent decades have continued to expand the collection systematically. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Memorial Church originally had a central bell tower with an 80-foot tall, twelve-sided spire, but this was lost as a result of the 1906 earthquake. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church According to architectural historian Willis L. Hall, the church's 20 large stained glass windows "are as much a feature of the church as the mosaics". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church In the 1960s, the study of religion at Stanford began to focus more on social and ethical issues like race and the Vietnam War. Leading this focus was Stanford Memorial Church Dean of the Chapel and Professor of Religion B. Davie Napier, who was "a powerful critic of U.S. policy in Vietnam". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church Trueblood and his wife hosted monthly Friends meetings in their home, and met weekly with Orthodox Jewish students in the vestry of Stanford Memorial Church. George J. Hall was the church's chaplain from 1946 to 1947, followed by Paul C. Johnson, who served between 1949 and 1950. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church She has degrees in theology, sports administration and physical education. She "provides liturgical leadership for Memorial Church on campus for a variety of religious and other events". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church She "provides liturgical leadership for Memorial Church on campus for a variety of religious and other events". Muslim dean Sughra Ahmed was appointed in 2017, for the purpose of, as Provost Persis Drell stated, to assist "the Stanford community develop a broader understanding of the Islamic faith, particularly at this time". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church Robert Huw Morgan, a native of Wales, has been Stanford Memorial Church's organist since 1999. He attended St John's College, Cambridge, where he was an organ scholar, and earned two doctorates at the University of Washington in Seattle, where he served on staff as a pianist and conductor. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church Members of the university community use Memorial Church for "quiet, for reflection, and for private devotions". Catholic masses are held in the church several times a week. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford Memorial Church Hoover is on the Board of Overseers at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, and on the boards of the Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association and the Belgian American Educational Foundation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Margaret Hoover By 1926, the Hoover War Library was known as the largest library in the world devoted to the Great War. By 1929, it contained 1.4 million items and was becoming too large to house in the Stanford Library. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Institution A breezeway is an architectural feature similar to a hallway that allows the passage of a breeze between structures to accommodate high winds, allow aeration, or provide aesthetic design variation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Breezeway Behind the church is the Keith Memorial Terrace with its roses and fountain, designed by Thomas D. Church who created many other public spaces and gardens at Stanford, and dedicated to the memory of Captain Willard W. Keith, Jr. (class of 1941), who was killed at Guadalcanal in November 1942. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Main Quad (Stanford University) A long-standing tradition is Full Moon on the Quad. In its oldest form it was an event at which "a Stanford girl becomes a Stanford woman ... when kissed by a senior man in front of Memorial Church under the light of a full moon"; now it is a party with much kissing held on the first full moon of winter quarter. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Main Quad (Stanford University) Some companies closely associated with Stanford and their connections include: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stanford University Hoover had amassed a large collection of materials related to early 20th century history; he donated them to Stanford, his alma mater, to found a "library of war, revolution and peace". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Tower In December 1970, Hoover Tower was struck by lightning, causing a 300-pound ornamental concrete ball to fall from the top of the tower onto a parking lot. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Tower Hoover Tower receives approximately 200 visitors per day, and a nominal fee is charged for non-students or non-faculty. The observation deck platform is 250 feet (76 m) above the ground, and provides an expansive view of the Stanford University campus and surrounding area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hoover Tower The Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House, built in 1919 in Stanford, California, is now the official residence of the president of Stanford University, and a National Historic Landmark. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Herbert Hoover Born to a Quaker family in West Branch, Iowa, he grew up in Oregon. Hoover took a position with a London-based mining company after graduating from Stanford University in 1895. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Herbert Hoover The daughter of a banker from Monterey, California, Lou Henry decided to study geology at Stanford after attending a lecture delivered by John Branner. Immediately after earning a promotion in 1898, Hoover cabled Lou Henry, asking her to marry him. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Herbert Hoover The convention instead selected Senator Charles Curtis of Kansas. Hoover accepted the nomination at Stanford Stadium, telling a huge crowd that he would continue the policies of the Harding and Coolidge administrations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Herbert Hoover The earthquake destroyed parts of the Main Quad, including the original iteration of Memorial Church and the gate that first marked the entrance of the school, as well as a partially built main library. Rebuilding on a somewhat less grandiose scale began immediately. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of Stanford University The Hoover Institution Library and Archives is a research center and archival repository located at Stanford University, near Palo Alto, California in the United States of America. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Built around a collection amassed by Stanford graduate Herbert Hoover prior to his becoming President of the United States, the Hoover Library and Archives is largely dedicated to the world history of the 20th and 21st centuries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Hoover Dam: Evolution of the Dam's Design. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Dam He taught religion, classics, and Greek at Stanford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stanford Memorial Church He donated his gubernatorial papers to the Hoover library. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution Relations improved with the host university. In 1919, Hoover donated $50,000 to Stanford University to support the collection of primary materials related to World War I, a project that became known as the Hoover War Collection. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution During that time the Hoover Institution held a general budget of $3.5 million a year. In 1976, one third of Stanford University's book holdings were housed at the Hoover library. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution In 1976, one third of Stanford University's book holdings were housed at the Hoover library. At that time, it was the largest private archive collection in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution The ground floor is a large conference center with a 400-seat auditorium and the top floor houses the Hoover Institution's headquarters. The auditorium is now a symbolic bridge between Hoover and Stanford Campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hoover Institution Stanford's father was a farmer of some means. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Leland Stanford Stanford ran unsuccessfully for governor of California in 1859. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Leland Stanford He was buried in the family mausoleum on the Stanford campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Leland Stanford Jane Stanford died in 1905 after being poisoned with strychnine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Leland Stanford A breezeway is an architectural feature similar to a hallway that allows the passage of a breeze between structures to accommodate high winds, allow aeration, or provide aesthetic design variation. It is a pedway because it is intended for walking between two structures. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Breezeway A soffit is an exterior or interior architectural feature, generally the horizontal, aloft underside of any construction element. Its archetypal form, sometimes incorporating or implying the projection of beams, is the underside of eaves (to connect a retaining wall to projecting edge(s) of the roof). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Soffit Restoration of the Quad began immediately, but several original features of the Quad that collapsed in the earthquake were never rebuilt: the huge Memorial Arch over the entrance to Memorial Court, and a spire on Memorial Church. The Quad, which was originally built of unreinforced masonry, has been seismically retrofitted several times since then. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Main Quad (Stanford University) Language Corner and Geology Corner were closed for repairs for more than five years; most of that time was spent negotiating with the Federal Emergency Management Agency over paying for the repairs. Memorial Church was also damaged but was repaired more quickly via private donations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Main Quad (Stanford University) The university suffered major damage from the 1906 San Francisco earthquake; most of the damage was repaired, but a new library and gymnasium were demolished, and some original features of Memorial Church and the Quad were never restored. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stanford University The Faculty Ghetto is composed of land owned by Stanford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stanford University and he was her mentor in a Stanford entrepreneurship course. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stanford University Hoover traveled constantly across the Outback to evaluate and manage the company's mines. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover Hoover was especially eager to promote Hollywood films overseas. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover Hoover seldom mentioned civil rights while he was president. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover During the 1930s, Hoover increasingly self-identified as a conservative. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover When asked how he felt on reaching the milestone, Hoover replied, "Too old." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover Though he did not attend high school, Hoover learned bookkeeping, typing, and mathematics at a night school. Hoover was a member of the inaugural "Pioneer Class" of Stanford University, entering in 1891 despite failing all the entrance exams except mathematics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover In 1912, Hoover and his wife published the first English translation of De re metallica. Hoover also joined the board of trustees at Stanford, and led a successful campaign to appoint John Branner as the university's president. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Herbert Hoover A piece of furniture such as a cabinet or chest of drawers serves the same function of storage, but is not a closet, which is an architectural feature rather than a piece of furniture. A closet always has space for hanging, whereas a cupboard may consist only of shelves for folded garments. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Closet In computer science, predication is an architectural feature that provides an alternative to conditional transfer of control, implemented by machine instructions such as conditional branch, conditional call, conditional return, and branch tables. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Predication (computer architecture) However, Jane Stanford insisted that the university remain in operation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Stanford University Herbert Hoover was also a trustee of the university. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of Stanford University Stanford had long had a difficult relationship with Jordan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jane Stanford In the first volume his memoirs, published in 1951, Hoover wrote: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution Library and Archives The collection was called the Hoover War Collection and later the Hoover War Library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Grout was also used to fill the hairline spaces between columns, which were grooved to increase the strength of the joints. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Dam Water released from the Hoover Dam eventually reaches several canals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Dam Pending the completion of the bypass, restricted traffic was permitted over Hoover Dam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Dam Reclamation: Managing Water in the West: Hoover Dam. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Dam Colossus: Hoover Dam and the Making of the American Century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Dam A "Hoover wagon" was an automobile with horses hitched to it, often with the engine removed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hooverville Stanford was involved in every part of the church's design and construction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Gardner went on to teach courses in Biblical history and literature at Stanford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church She calls her title at Stanford "Mem Chu and a Jew, too". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Joanne Sanders, an Episcopal priest, has worked at Stanford since 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church The original designs for Memorial Church and much of the university were made in 1886 by prominent American architect Henry Hobson Richardson; when he died that same year, his student Charles A. Coolidge completed them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Its exposed-timber ceilings are modeled after Boston's Trinity Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church On Jane Stanford's direction, they alternate male and female. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church "Religious Studies at Stanford: An Historical Sketch". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Designed by architect Charles A. Coolidge, a student of Henry Hobson Richardson, the church has been called "the University's architectural crown jewel". Designs for the church were submitted to Jane Stanford and the university trustees in 1898, and it was dedicated in 1903. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church The debris hit and destroyed the marble sculptures of the twelve apostles that decorated the altar. The spire was never repaired and the tower was removed and replaced by a simpler structure; however, the clock was saved and preserved in a temporary structure behind the church before eventually being placed in another building on campus, the Stanford Clock Tower. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford historian Richard Joncas called the church "an opulent example of high Victorian architecture with sumptuous materials and arts". The original designs for Memorial Church and much of the university were made in 1886 by prominent American architect Henry Hobson Richardson; when he died that same year, his student Charles A. Coolidge completed them. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church As former Stanford chaplain Robert C. Gregg states, "The Stanfords sought to protect free intellectual inquiry—in classroom, laboratory, and church—from any interference prompted by the caution or dogmatism of religious authorities". Stanford Memorial Church was the earliest and has been "among the most prominent" non-denominational churches on the West Coast of the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford Memorial Church Hoover is committed to publicizing her great-grandfather Herbert Hoover's legacy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Margaret Hoover Firing Line with Margaret Hoover (PBS TV Series) === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Margaret Hoover Hoover's search team obtained rare printed and unpublished material. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution In 1922, the Collection became known as the Hoover War Library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution Thousands of Persian books, official documents, letters, multimedia pieces and other materials on Iran's history, politics and culture can also be found at the Stanford University library and the Hoover Institution library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution During the Trump administration, the Hoover Institution had close relations with the administration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution In 1919, Hoover donated $50,000 to Stanford University to support the collection of primary materials related to World War I, a project that became known as the Hoover War Collection. Supported primarily by gifts from private donors, the Hoover War Collection flourished in its early years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hoover Institution He was the founder (with his wife, Jane) of Stanford University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford Stanford attended the common school until 1836 and was tutored at home until 1839. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford The five of them incorporated it on June 28, 1861, and Stanford was elected as its president. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford Stanford was politically active and became a leading member of the Republican Party. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford In a message to the legislature in January 1862, Governor Stanford said: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford A relative, Tom Stanford, accepted the honors on his behalf. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford Stanford ran unsuccessfully for governor of California in 1859. He was nominated again in 1861 and won the election. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Leland Stanford Memorial Court, the most important, is the front entrance of the structure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Main Quad (Stanford University) Each year's graduating class buries a time capsule and marks it with a plaque in the walkway around Inner Quad, starting with the class of 1896 right in front of Memorial Church (the classes of 1892 to 1895 put theirs in later); the plaques now reach nearly halfway up the western walkway. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Main Quad (Stanford University) The Outer Quad and Memorial Church were completed by 1906, but the entire structure was severely damaged in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Restoration of the Quad began immediately, but several original features of the Quad that collapsed in the earthquake were never rebuilt: the huge Memorial Arch over the entrance to Memorial Court, and a spire on Memorial Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Main Quad (Stanford University) Stanford is ranked among the best universities in the world by academic publications. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford engineering graduates to invent products and start their own companies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford currently operates in various locations outside of its central campus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University In United States college ranking measures Stanford ranks high, sometimes first (see infoboxes above). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Slate in 2014 dubbed Stanford as "the Harvard of the 21st century". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University "Globally Stanford is also ranked among the top universities in the world (see infoboxes above). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Internet—Stanford was the site where the original design of the Internet was undertaken. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University They were working on the Stanford Digital Library Project (SDLP). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford and UC Berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Students and staff at Stanford are of many different religions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University As of 2020, Stanford had more than 600 student organizations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford is home to a set of student journalism publications. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University The Stanford Review is a conservative student newspaper founded in 1987. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford Finance provides mentoring and internships for students who want to enter a career in finance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Fire protection has been provided by contract with the Palo Alto Fire Department since 1976.Murder is rare on the campus though a few of the cases have been notorious including the 1974 murder of Arlis Perry in Stanford Memorial Church not solved until 2018 and Theodore Streleski's murder of his professor in 1978.In 2014, Stanford was the tenth highest in the nation in "total of reports of rape" on their main campus, with 26 reports of rape. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University As of 2020, 15 Stanford alumni have won the Nobel Prize. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford is the alma mater of one president of the United States (Herbert Hoover), 74 living billionaires, and 17 astronauts. It is also one of the leading producers of Fulbright Scholars, Marshall Scholars, Rhodes Scholars, and members of the United States Congress. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University The Stanford Graduate School of Business was founded in 1925 at the urging of then-trustee Herbert Hoover. In 1919, The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace was started by Herbert Hoover to preserve artifacts related to World War I. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University As Stanford's highest honor, it is not conferred at prescribed intervals, but only when appropriate to recognize extraordinary service. Recipients include Herbert Hoover, Bill Hewlett, Dave Packard, Lucile Packard, and John Gardner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Stanford in Vienna overseas program. It is now open to all students. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stanford University Minthorn ensured that Hoover received an education, but Hoover disliked the many chores assigned to him and often resented Minthorn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover One observer described Hoover as "an orphan [who] seemed to be neglected in many ways". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover first went to Coolgardie, then the center of the Eastern Goldfields. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover's work impressed his employers, and in 1898 he was promoted to junior partner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Immediately after earning a promotion in 1898, Hoover cabled Lou Henry, asking her to marry him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover The Hoover family began living in London in 1902, though they frequently traveled as part of Hoover's career. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover When asked if he was not helping Bolshevism by providing relief, Hoover stated, "twenty million people are starving. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover demanded, and received, authority to coordinate economic affairs throughout the government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Phillips Payson O'Brien argues that Hoover had a Britain problem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover energetically gave a series of speeches and interviews denouncing the monopolistic practice, and demanding that it be ended. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Though Hoover had not ordered MacArthur's clearing out of the protesters, he endorsed it after the fact. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Coolidge and other prominent Republicans all passed on the opportunity to challenge Hoover. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover proposed a new constitutional amendment that was vague on particulars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover In the electoral vote, Hoover lost 59–472, carrying six states. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover was the last surviving member of the Harding and Coolidge Cabinets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover However, Hamilton also notes that Hoover was politically inept and failed to recognize the severity of the Great Depression. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover Hoover took a position with a London-based mining company after graduating from Stanford University in 1895. After the outbreak of World War I, he became the head of the Commission for Relief in Belgium, an international relief organization that provided food to occupied Belgium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover His lectures at Columbia and Stanford universities were published in 1909 as Principles of Mining, which became a standard textbook. The book reflects his move towards progressive ideals, as Hoover came to endorse eight-hour workdays and organized labor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover During his senior year at Stanford, Hoover became smitten with a classmate named Lou Henry, though his financial situation precluded marriage at that time. The daughter of a banker from Monterey, California, Lou Henry decided to study geology at Stanford after attending a lecture delivered by John Branner. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover In 1919, Hoover established the Hoover War Collection at Stanford University. He donated all the files of the Commission for Relief in Belgium, the U.S. Food Administration, and the American Relief Administration, and pledged $50,000 as an endowment (equivalent to $746,353 in 2020). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover The Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House, built in 1919 in Stanford, California, is now the official residence of the president of Stanford University, and a National Historic Landmark. Also located at Stanford is the Hoover Institution, a think tank and research institution started by Hoover. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Herbert Hoover In computer science, predication is an architectural feature that provides an alternative to conditional transfer of control, implemented by machine instructions such as conditional branch, conditional call, conditional return, and branch tables. Predication works by executing instructions from both paths of the branch and only permitting those instructions from the taken path to modify architectural state. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Predication (computer architecture) The "Stanford ratio" of 3:1 remained in place until the early 1960s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Stanford University For the full story see History of Stanford Medicine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Stanford University Branner was followed by Ray Lyman Wilbur, who was president from 1916 until 1943, except when he took leave to serve as Secretary of the Interior under President Herbert Hoover. Hoover along with his wife, Lou Henry Hoover, were among the first graduates of Stanford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of Stanford University Following their son's death, Jane and Leland Stanford sought ways to memorialize him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jane Stanford It was at her direction that Stanford University gained an early focus on the arts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jane Stanford Stanford moved out of her mansion and vowed never to return. Elizabeth Richmond, the maid, fell under suspicion and was dismissed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jane Stanford Finally, her respiration ceased. Stanford was dead from strychnine poisoning. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jane Stanford Crawford, a security guard at Stanford who reportedly discovered the body, committed suicide before he could be arrested. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Murder of Arlis Perry but it is Bruce Duncan Perry and he attends Stanford University, and he just got married this summer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Murder of Arlis Perry Arlis Kay Perry (February 22, 1955 – October 12, 1974) was a 19-year-old American newlywed who was murdered inside Stanford Memorial Church, within the grounds of Stanford University in California, on October 12, 1974. The murder went unsolved for more than forty years before police named Stephen Blake Crawford as the perpetrator following DNA profiling in 2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Murder of Arlis Perry Therein lay the origins of the Library on War, Revolution and Peace at Stanford University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Digitized audiovisual recordings and transcripts of more than 1,500 Firing Line episodes were contributed to the American Archive of Public Broadcasting via external links from The Hoover Institution Library and Archives at Stanford University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Guide to the Boris I. Nicolaevsky Collection in the Hoover Institution Archives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives George H. Nash, "The Life of Herbert Hoover: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Witold S. Sworakowski, The Hoover Library Collection on Russia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Built around a collection amassed by Stanford graduate Herbert Hoover prior to his becoming President of the United States, the Hoover Library and Archives is largely dedicated to the world history of the 20th and 21st centuries. It includes one of the largest collections of political posters in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives President Herbert Hoover (1874–1964) was an alumnus of Stanford University, graduating in 1895 to become a mining engineer. Successful in business enterprise from an early age in a managerial capacity, Hoover also developed a deep affection for book collecting, building an impressive personal collection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Library and Archives In 1922, representatives of seven states met with then-Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam The four-lane Hoover Dam Bypass opened on October 19, 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam The Colorado River had experienced natural flooding before the construction of the Hoover Dam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam In 1947, a bill passed both Houses of Congress unanimously restoring the name "Hoover Dam." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Hoover Dam was recognized as a National Civil Engineering Landmark in 1984. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Building Hoover Dam: An Oral History of the Great Depression. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Imaging Hoover Dam: The Making of a Cultural Icon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Long-Term Properties of Hoover Dam Mass Concrete. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Performance of Spillway Structures Using Hoover Dam Spillways as a Benchmark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Bureau of Reclamation (2006). Reclamation: Managing Water in the West: Hoover Dam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam Hoover Dam: Evolution of the Dam's Design. Hoover Dam 75th Anniversary History Symposium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Dam They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was President of the United States during the onset of the Depression and was widely blamed for it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hooverville A "Hoover flag" was an empty pocket turned inside out and "Hoover leather" was cardboard used to line a shoe when the sole wore through. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hooverville Atria are a popular design feature because they give their buildings a "feeling of space and light. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atrium (architecture) " The atrium has become a key feature of many buildings in recent years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atrium (architecture) It was built during the American Renaissance by Jane Stanford as a memorial to her husband Leland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Designs for the church were submitted to Jane Stanford and the university trustees in 1898, and it was dedicated in 1903. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church The church was commissioned by Jane Stanford (1828–1905) as a memorial to her husband, Leland Stanford (1824–93). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church When the disputes were settled in Jane Stanford's favor, she was finally able to put into motion her wish for a church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Stanford commissioned Camerino and his company, the Antonio Salviati studios, to produce mosaics for the church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Jane Stanford once remarked: "While my whole heart is in the university, my soul is in that church". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church By the mid-1960s, the religious studies program at Stanford was enjoying "enormous success". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church R. Heber Newton, "distinguished writer" and former rector at All Souls Church in New York, was handpicked by Jane Stanford to serve as the church's first pastor; he resigned after four months in 1903 "because he disagreed with Mrs. Stanford on some aspects of church management". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church He became known at Stanford "for his efforts to relate Scripture to the turbulent political times of the late 1960s". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church The exposed timber ceiling was inspired by Trinity Church and is constructed with tied hammer beams, which can be seen radiating in the chancel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church The cross was made by William van Erp and was dedicated to the memory of Jane Stanford in 1948. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Jane Stanford hired Lamb because she felt he was more interested in "the ecclesiastical rather than commercial aspect of the work". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Its case, which was inspired by organ cases in churches in Wales and Stanford-on-Avon, is made of stained white oak, with hand-carved panels of linen fold and Tudor rose (inspired by the Tudor rose on Shrewsbury Tower at St. Johns College in Cambridge) carvings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Memorial Church originally had a central bell tower with an 80-foot tall, twelve-sided spire, but this was lost as a result of the 1906 earthquake. The church's facade is surmounted by a simple Celtic cross, a motif that appears several times throughout the building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Jane Stanford has been described as having a "Victorian aversion to blank space" and so created a church that is "a dimly lit cavern of glowing mosaic surfaces ... and vibrant, stained-glass windows". The church is richly decorated throughout, its architectural features carved with formalized foliate ornament, and the walls adorned with mosaics in the Byzantine manner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford Memorial Church Hoover hosts PBS's reboot of the conservative interview show Firing Line. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Margaret Hoover Hoover is on the Board of Overseers at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, and on the boards of the Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association and the Belgian American Educational Foundation. She serves on the Advisory Council of The American Foundation for Equal Rights and GOProud. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Margaret Hoover Hoover's plan was to collect and permanently preserve the documents of major events for open research. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Supported primarily by gifts from private donors, the Hoover War Collection flourished in its early years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution By 1926, the Hoover War Library was known as the largest library in the world devoted to the Great War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution By 1929, it contained 1.4 million items and was becoming too large to house in the Stanford Library. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Despite student unrest in the 1960s, the institution continued to thrive and develop closer relations with Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution During that time the Hoover Institution held a general budget of $3.5 million a year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Multiple Hoover Institution affiliates filled top positions in the administration. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution In May 2018 the website of the Hoover Institution listed 198 fellows. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Located in Stanford, California, it began as a library founded in 1919 by Stanford alumnus Herbert Hoover, before he became President of the United States. The library, known as the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, houses multiple archives related to Hoover, World War I, World War II, and other world-historical events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Thousands of Persian books, official documents, letters, multimedia pieces and other materials on Iran's history, politics and culture can also be found at the Stanford University library and the Hoover Institution library. During the Trump administration, the Hoover Institution had close relations with the administration. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Multiple Hoover Institution affiliates filled top positions in the administration. These included Scott Atlas, a radiologist who pushed for policies contrary to the recommendations of the scientific community in relation to the coronavirus pandemic, and whose actions in this regard were condemned by the faculty senate at Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Institution Stanford was born in 1824 in what was then Watervliet, New York (now the Town of Colonie). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford He was one of eight children of Josiah and Elizabeth Phillips Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford His immigrant ancestor, Thomas Stanford, settled in Charlestown, Massachusetts, in the 17th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford Stanford was a director of Wells Fargo and Company from 1870 to January 1884. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford It merged in 1870 with Wells Fargo and Company. Stanford was a director of Wells Fargo and Company from 1870 to January 1884. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford Its first student, admitted to Encina Hall that day, was Herbert Hoover, who went on to become the 31st US President. The wealth of the Stanford family during the late 19th century is estimated at about $50 million (equivalent to $1,555,000,000 today). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford He was buried in the family mausoleum on the Stanford campus. Jane Stanford died in 1905 after being poisoned with strychnine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford The four corners of the Outer Quad are named, clockwise from Memorial Court, the History Corner with its courtyard of citrus trees, the Engineering Corner with the Oregon Courtyard of flowering cherry trees, the Geology Corner with a garden designed by Thomas Church, and the Math Corner. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Main Quad (Stanford University) The second casting was offered to Stanford, which accepted it as a long-term loan and installed it in 1984. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Main Quad (Stanford University) The Stanford Historical Society's journal is called Sandstone and Tile, named for the materials from which the Quad is built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Main Quad (Stanford University) Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University The institution opened in 1891 on Stanford's previous Palo Alto farm. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Stanford is considered by US News to be 'most selective', with an acceptance rate of 4%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Stanford is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Klystron tube – invented by the brothers Russell and Sigurd Varian at Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University "Hail, Stanford, Hail!" is the Stanford Hymn sometimes sung at ceremonies or adapted by the various University singing groups. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University As Stanford's highest honor, it is not conferred at prescribed intervals, but only when appropriate to recognize extraordinary service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University In addition, the church is used by the Catholic community and by some of the other Christian denominations at Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Fraternities and sororities have been active on the Stanford campus since 1891, when the university first opened. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University These sororities operate under the Stanford Inter-sorority Council (ISC). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University These fraternities operate under the Stanford Inter-fraternity Council (IFC). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University The Stanford Daily is a student-run daily newspaper and has been published since the University was founded in 1892. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Stanford American Indian Organization (SAIO) which hosts the annual Stanford Powwow started in 1971. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University The Stanford Improvisors (SImps for short) teach and perform improvisational theatre on campus and in the surrounding community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Lonsdale challenged Stanford's finding that he had had sexually assaulted and harassed her and Stanford rescinded that finding and the campus ban in the fall of 2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University As of 2019, 122 Stanford students or alumni have been named Rhodes Scholars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University Cornell is credited as one of the first American universities to adopt this radical departure from traditional education, and Stanford became an early adopter as well. From an architectural point of view, the Lelands, particularly Jane, wished to see their university look different from the eastern universities, which had often sought to emulate the style of English university buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University The university suffered major damage from the 1906 San Francisco earthquake; most of the damage was repaired, but a new library and gymnasium were demolished, and some original features of Memorial Church and the Quad were never restored. During the early 20th century the university added four professional graduate schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University The Stanford Graduate School of Education grew out of the Department of the History and Art of Education, one of the original 21 departments at Stanford, and became a professional graduate school in 1917. The Stanford Graduate School of Business was founded in 1925 at the urging of then-trustee Herbert Hoover. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University In 1919, The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace was started by Herbert Hoover to preserve artifacts related to World War I. The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (originally named the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center), established in 1962, performs research in particle physics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stanford University While the museum at West Branch was still under construction, Hoover decided to expand it and to make it his Presidential Library. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum Hoover and Former President Harry S. Truman were present at the dedication. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum The tower has a carillon, a gift of the Belgian American Educational Foundation to Stanford. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Tower The tower houses the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, an archive collection founded by Herbert Hoover before he became President of the United States. Hoover had amassed a large collection of materials related to early 20th century history; he donated them to Stanford, his alma mater, to found a "library of war, revolution and peace". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Tower In December 1970, Hoover Tower was struck by lightning, causing a 300-pound ornamental concrete ball to fall from the top of the tower onto a parking lot. In August 2020 the concrete ball at the tower's tip was struck down by an electric storm again, scattering into multiple pieces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hoover Tower Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover As a child, Hoover consistently attended schools, but he did little reading on his own aside from the Bible. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Though he did not attend high school, Hoover learned bookkeeping, typing, and mathematics at a night school. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover After the company lost a suit Hoover began looking for a way to get out of the partnership, and he sold his shares in mid-1908. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover After leaving Bewick, Moreing, Hoover worked as a London-based independent mining consultant and financier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover thought of himself and his associates as "engineering doctors to sick concerns", and he earned a reputation as a "doctor of sick mines". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover In 1912, Hoover and his wife published the first English translation of De re metallica. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover After she cabled back her acceptance of the proposal, Hoover briefly returned to the United States for their wedding. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Though his Quaker upbringing strongly influenced his career, Hoover rarely attended Quaker meetings during his adult life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover later stated, "I did not realize it at the moment, but on August 3, 1914, my career was over forever. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover By early October 1914, Hoover's organization had distributed relief to at least 40,000 Americans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The collection was renamed the Hoover War Library in 1922 and is now known as the Hoover Institution Library and Archives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Despite his service in the Democratic administration of Woodrow Wilson, Hoover had never been closely affiliated with either the Democrats or the Republicans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover envisioned the Commerce Department as the hub of the nation's growth and stability. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover sought to foster a balance among labor, capital, and the government, and for this he has been variously labeled a corporatist or an associationalist. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Instead, Hoover strongly believed that local governments and private giving should address the needs of individuals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Though he attempted to put a positive spin on Black Tuesday, Hoover moved quickly to address the stock market collapse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover While other countries left the gold standard, Hoover refused to abandon it; he derided any other monetary system as "collectivism". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The Hoover Moratorium was warmly received in Europe and the United States, but Germany remained on the brink of defaulting on its loans. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Democrats positioned the program as a kinder alternative to Hoover's alleged apathy towards the unemployed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover sent U.S. Army forces led by General Douglas MacArthur to the protests. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The incident proved embarrassing for the Hoover administration, and destroyed any remaining chance he had of winning re-election. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The Democrats attacked Hoover as the cause of the Great Depression, and for being indifferent to the suffering of millions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover However, encouraged by Republican pleas and outraged by Democratic claims, Hoover entered the public fray. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover In his campaign trips around the country, Hoover was faced with perhaps the most hostile crowds ever seen by a sitting president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover's attempts to vindicate his administration fell on deaf ears, as much of the public blamed his administration for the depression. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover departed from Washington in March 1933, bitter at his election loss and continuing unpopularity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Only 58 when he left office, Hoover held out hope for another term as president throughout the 1930s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover In the general election, Hoover delivered numerous well-publicized speeches on behalf of Landon, but Landon was defeated by Roosevelt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover After touring Germany, Hoover produced a number of reports critical of U.S. occupation policy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover In 1947, Truman appointed Hoover to a commission to reorganize the executive departments; the commission elected Hoover as chairman and became known as the Hoover Commission. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover At the time of his death, Hoover had been out of office for over 31 years (11,553 days all together). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover was extremely unpopular when he left office after the 1932 election, and his historical reputation would not begin to recover until the 1970s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Polls of historians and political scientists have generally ranked Hoover in the bottom third of presidents. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Although Hoover is generally regarded as having had a failed presidency, he has also received praise for his actions as a humanitarian and public official. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover was known to hold racist attitudes towards black and mixed-race people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The Hoover–Minthorn House, where Hoover lived from 1885 to 1891, is located in Newberg, Oregon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover was inducted into the National Mining Hall of Fame in 1988 (inaugural class). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover The ceremonial sword is today on display in the lobby of the Hoover tower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover was a member of the inaugural "Pioneer Class" of Stanford University, entering in 1891 despite failing all the entrance exams except mathematics. During his freshman year, he switched his major from mechanical engineering to geology after working for John Casper Branner, the chair of Stanford's geology department. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover When Hoover graduated from Stanford in 1895, the country was in the midst of the Panic of 1893, and he initially struggled to find a job. He worked in various low-level mining jobs in the Sierra Nevada mountain range until he convinced prominent mining engineer Louis Janin to hire him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover When asked if he was not helping Bolshevism by providing relief, Hoover stated, "twenty million people are starving. Whatever their politics, they shall be fed!" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Hoover accepted the nomination at Stanford Stadium, telling a huge crowd that he would continue the policies of the Harding and Coolidge administrations. The Democrats nominated New York governor Al Smith, who became the first Catholic major party nominee for president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover His Rapidan fishing camp in Virginia, which he donated to the government in 1933, is now a National Historic Landmark within the Shenandoah National Park. The Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House, built in 1919 in Stanford, California, is now the official residence of the president of Stanford University, and a National Historic Landmark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Herbert Hoover Not only did the Caryatids precede them, but similar architectural figures already had been made in ancient Egypt out of monoliths. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlas (architecture) Predication works by executing instructions from both paths of the branch and only permitting those instructions from the taken path to modify architectural state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Predication (computer architecture) The instructions from the taken path are permitted to modify architectural state because they have been associated (predicated) with a predicate, a Boolean value used by the instruction to control whether the instruction is allowed to modify the architectural state or not. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Predication (computer architecture) Leland Stanford Sr. told his wife that "the children of California shall be our children." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford Jr. Leland Stanford Jr. is interred beside his parents at the Stanford family mausoleum on the Stanford campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford Jr. Although the university is generally referred to as "Stanford University" or "Stanford," its official name is still "Leland Stanford Junior University," as is seen on the university seal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Leland Stanford Jr. The Main Quad was designed by Charles Allerton Coolidge and his colleagues, and by Leland Stanford himself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University However, by 1889, Leland Stanford severed the connection with Olmsted and Coolidge and their work was continued by others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Jordan arrived at Stanford in June 1891 and began recruiting faculty for the university's planned October opening. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Most of these two founding groups of professors remained at Stanford until their retirement and were referred to as the "Old Guard". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University When Leland Stanford died in 1893, the continued existence of the university was in jeopardy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University From 1970 until 2011, Stanford lacked a Reserve Officer Training Corps program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Stanford science went through three phases of experimental direction during that time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Then, from the late 1960s onward, Stanford's goal became applying research and findings toward humanistic ends. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University In November 1966 the Stanford chapter unanimously severed ties with the national fraternity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University The scandal eventually led to the resignation of Stanford President Donald Kennedy in 1992. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Most of the board of trustees advised that the university be closed temporarily until finances could be sorted out. However, Jane Stanford insisted that the university remain in operation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University However, Jane Stanford insisted that the university remain in operation. When the lawsuit was finally dropped in 1895, a university holiday was declared. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of Stanford University Depressed by the conviction that an unknown party had tried to kill her and suffering from a cold, Stanford soon decided to sail to Hawaii, with plans to continue on to Japan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jane Stanford The Stanford party left San Francisco for Honolulu on February 15, 1905. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jane Stanford Stanford was buried alongside her husband, Leland, and their son at the Stanford family mausoleum on the Stanford campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jane Stanford Bruce became concerned when his wife had not returned home by 3:00 a.m. and called the Stanford police to report her missing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Murder of Arlis Perry The Hoover Institution Library and Archives is a research center and archival repository located at Stanford University, near Palo Alto, California in the United States of America. Built around a collection amassed by Stanford graduate Herbert Hoover prior to his becoming President of the United States, the Hoover Library and Archives is largely dedicated to the world history of the 20th and 21st centuries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution Library and Archives Andrew D. White donated his vast collection of ephemera from the French Revolution to Cornell University in 1891 (rmc.library.cornell.edu/collections/frenchrev.html). A full account of the founding of the Hoover Institution Library and Archives is provided by George H.Nash in "Herbert Hoover and Stanford University," published by the Hoover Institution Press in 1988. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution Library and Archives George H. Nash, "The Life of Herbert Hoover: The Humanitarian, 1912-1917." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution Library and Archives When an individual block had cured and had stopped contracting, the pipes were filled with grout. Grout was also used to fill the hairline spaces between columns, which were grooved to increase the strength of the joints. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam The four-lane Hoover Dam Bypass opened on October 19, 2010. It includes a composite steel and concrete arch bridge, the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, 1,500 ft (460 m) downstream from the dam. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Reclamation: Managing Water in the West: Hoover Dam. US Department of the Interior. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Hiltzik, Michael A. (2010). Colossus: Hoover Dam and the Making of the American Century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Colossus: Hoover Dam and the Making of the American Century. New York: Free Press. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam The Story of the Hoover Dam. Las Vegas: Nevada Publications, Inc. 2006. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Stevens, Joseph E. (1988). Hoover Dam: An American Adventure. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Hoover Dam: An American Adventure. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Arrigo, Anthony F. (2014). Imaging Hoover Dam: The Making of a Cultural Icon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam Long-Term Properties of Hoover Dam Mass Concrete. Hoover Dam 75th Anniversary History Symposium. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Dam She calls her title at Stanford "Mem Chu and a Jew, too". Joanne Sanders, an Episcopal priest, has worked at Stanford since 2000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford Memorial Church Its exposed-timber ceilings are modeled after Boston's Trinity Church. The church is entered through three bronze doors adorned with angels, a recurring motif throughout the church. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford Memorial Church Harvey, Van (Spring/Summer 1998). "Religious Studies at Stanford: An Historical Sketch". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford Memorial Church She also worked as a staffer on Capitol Hill for Congressman Mario Díaz-Balart, and as Advisor to the Deputy Secretary at the Department of Homeland Security. Hoover is on the Board of Overseers at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, and on the boards of the Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association and the Belgian American Educational Foundation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Margaret Hoover The Hoover Institution, officially the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, is a conservative American public policy institution and research institution that promotes personal and economic liberty, free enterprise, and limited government. Located in Stanford, California, it began as a library founded in 1919 by Stanford alumnus Herbert Hoover, before he became President of the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution Supported primarily by gifts from private donors, the Hoover War Collection flourished in its early years. In 1922, the Collection became known as the Hoover War Library. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution In particular, the Chinese and Russian collections grew considerably. Despite student unrest in the 1960s, the institution continued to thrive and develop closer relations with Stanford. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution He donated his gubernatorial papers to the Hoover library. During that time the Hoover Institution held a general budget of $3.5 million a year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution In the future, Traitel will be joined by the George Shultz Building. In 2019 the Hoover Institution celebrated its centenary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution During the Trump administration, the Hoover Institution had close relations with the administration. Multiple Hoover Institution affiliates filled top positions in the administration. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hoover Institution The Elm Grove home was razed in the 1940s. Stanford attended the common school until 1836 and was tutored at home until 1839. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Leland Stanford Many Stanford faculty members live in the "Faculty Ghetto," within walking or biking distance of campus. The Faculty Ghetto is composed of land owned by Stanford. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University The Faculty Ghetto is composed of land owned by Stanford. Similar to a condominium, the houses can be bought and sold but the land under the houses is rented on a 99-year lease. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Eighty percent of students receive some form of financial aid. Stanford has a no-loan policy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University In United States college ranking measures Stanford ranks high, sometimes first (see infoboxes above). Slate in 2014 dubbed Stanford as "the Harvard of the 21st century". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Klystron tube – invented by the brothers Russell and Sigurd Varian at Stanford. Their prototype was completed and demonstrated successfully on August 30, 1937. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University RISC – ARPA funded VLSI project of microprocessor design. Stanford and UC Berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University UPW sometimes has multifaith services. In addition, the church is used by the Catholic community and by some of the other Christian denominations at Stanford. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Stanford is home to a set of student journalism publications. The Stanford Daily is a student-run daily newspaper and has been published since the University was founded in 1892. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Lonsdale and Clougherty entered into a relationship in the spring of 2012 when she was a junior and he was her mentor in a Stanford entrepreneurship course. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Lonsdale challenged Stanford's finding that he had had sexually assaulted and harassed her and Stanford rescinded that finding and the campus ban in the fall of 2015. Clougherty withdrew her suit that fall as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University As of 2020, 15 Stanford alumni have won the Nobel Prize. As of 2019, 122 Stanford students or alumni have been named Rhodes Scholars. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stanford University Hoover and Former President Harry S. Truman were present at the dedication. Hoover began his speech by saying, --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum Minthorn ensured that Hoover received an education, but Hoover disliked the many chores assigned to him and often resented Minthorn. One observer described Hoover as "an orphan [who] seemed to be neglected in many ways". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Immediately after earning a promotion in 1898, Hoover cabled Lou Henry, asking her to marry him. After she cabled back her acceptance of the proposal, Hoover briefly returned to the United States for their wedding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Hoover later stated, "I did not realize it at the moment, but on August 3, 1914, my career was over forever. I was on the slippery road of public life." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Reflecting the gratitude of many Europeans, in July 1922, Soviet author Maxim Gorky told Hoover that "your help will enter history as a unique, gigantic achievement, worthy of the greatest glory, which will long remain in the memory of millions of Russians whom you have saved from death". In 1919, Hoover established the Hoover War Collection at Stanford University. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Hoover sought to foster a balance among labor, capital, and the government, and for this he has been variously labeled a corporatist or an associationalist. Hoover demanded, and received, authority to coordinate economic affairs throughout the government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover He promoted international trade by opening overseas offices to advise businessmen. Hoover was especially eager to promote Hollywood films overseas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover He also feared that allowing individuals on the "dole" would permanently weaken the country. Instead, Hoover strongly believed that local governments and private giving should address the needs of individuals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Hoover seldom mentioned civil rights while he was president. He believed that African Americans and other races could improve themselves with education and individual initiative. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover MacArthur, believing he was fighting a Communist revolution, chose to clear out the camp with military force. Though Hoover had not ordered MacArthur's clearing out of the protesters, he endorsed it after the fact. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover Hoover proposed a new constitutional amendment that was vague on particulars. Roosevelt's platform promised repeal of the 18th Amendment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover When asked how he felt on reaching the milestone, Hoover replied, "Too old." At the time of his death, Hoover had been out of office for over 31 years (11,553 days all together). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Herbert Hoover In November 1966 the Stanford chapter unanimously severed ties with the national fraternity. The university started actively recruiting minorities in the 1960s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of Stanford University The findings, returned a few weeks later, showed that the water had been poisoned with a lethal dose of strychnine. Stanford moved out of her mansion and vowed never to return. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jane Stanford Stanford had long had a difficult relationship with Jordan. At the time of her death, she was president of the university's board of trustees and was reportedly planning to remove him from his position. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jane Stanford The source of the strychnine was never identified. Stanford was buried alongside her husband, Leland, and their son at the Stanford family mausoleum on the Stanford campus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jane Stanford But the strange part of it is that his name is not only Bruce Perry but it is Bruce D. Perry, and not only that but it is Bruce Duncan Perry and he attends Stanford University, and he just got married this summer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Murder of Arlis Perry but it is Bruce Duncan Perry and he attends Stanford University, and he just got married this summer. One thing, his wife's name is not Arlis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Murder of Arlis Perry
6390.	Q: What color do the stalks of the Mycena adonis and the Stinkhorn mushroom share? Title = Stinkhorn, Phallus impudicus, UK Description = Title = 2009-09-13 Mycena adonis cropped Description = A: White. Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Mycena crocea, Pseudocolus fusiformis, Mycena adonis, Mycena flavoalba, Calostoma cinnabarinum, Adonis (disambiguation), Fungus, Largest fungal fruit bodies, List of species and habitats of principal importance in England, Edible mushroom, Mycena acicula, Mycena, Atheniella, The Nightrunner Series, Detritivore Toggle details	The specific epithet crocea refers to the orange color. The mushroom is commonly known as the "walnut mycena" and was previously and commonly misidentified as Mycena luteopallens. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Mycena crocea The mushroom is commonly known as the "walnut mycena" and was previously and commonly misidentified as Mycena luteopallens. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Mycena crocea There are several other mycenas with which Mycena adonis could be confused. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Mycena adonis There are several other mycenas with which Mycena adonis could be confused. M. acicula is typically a smaller mushroom with a deep orange-red cap rather than the typical bright salmon-pink color of M. adonis. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Mycena adonis The mushroom is hygrophanous, and fades to an orange buff color when dry. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Mycena adonis The mushroom is commonly known as the "orange bonnet", or the "coral spring Mycena". --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Mycena acicula M. acicula is typically a smaller mushroom with a deep orange-red cap rather than the typical bright salmon-pink color of M. adonis. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Mycena adonis Mycena crocea, commonly known as the walnut mycena, is a species of mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mycena crocea Mycena adonis, commonly known as the scarlet bonnet, is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Mycena adonis The fruit bodies of Mycena adonis grow solitarily or in groups in conifer forests, and appear in the spring and autumn. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mycena adonis Mycena flavoalba, commonly known as the ivory bonnet, is a species of inedible mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mycena flavoalba Mycena oregonensis is differentiated from M. adonis by its orange to yellow cap and lack of scarlet to pinkish tones. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mycena adonis Mycena flavoalba is placed in the section Adonideae of the genus Mycena, alongside species such as M. adonis and M. floridula. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mycena flavoalba Unlike these Mexican traditions, Hunan folk beliefs hold that the mushroom is poisonous on account of its bright color. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Calostoma cinnabarinum Mycena adonis, M. floridula, and M. leptophylla are larger species of the section Adonidae in the genus Mycena. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mycena acicula This mushroom is saprobic and found exclusively on hickory nuts and walnuts in eastern North America. The specific epithet crocea refers to the orange color. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mycena crocea It is scarlet red when fresh and moist, becoming orange or yellowish orange before losing moisture. The mushroom is hygrophanous, and fades to an orange buff color when dry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mycena adonis M. acicula is typically a smaller mushroom with a deep orange-red cap rather than the typical bright salmon-pink color of M. adonis. Since the colors and sizes of M. acicula and M. adonis are similar, a microscope is needed to reliably distinguish between them, with spore size and shape being different. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mycena adonis When moist it is translucent with slight ripples running transversely, and white to pale yellow in color. Mycena flavoalba is considered inedible. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mycena flavoalba Mycena strobilinoides is similar to M. crocea, but is found in needle beds under conifers. Atheniella adonis has a fragile stem and a more reddish-pink coloration. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena crocea The species was first named Agaricus adonis in 1792 by Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, and placed in Mycena by Samuel Frederick Gray in 1821. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena adonis The mushroom is commonly known as the "scarlet bonnet". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena adonis The mushroom is hygrophanous, and fades to an orange buff color when dry. The flesh is thin, the same color as the cap, fragile, and without any distinctive taste or odor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena adonis M. aurantiidisca can be distinguished from M. adonis by it lack of scarlet to pinkish tones in the cap and lack of gelatinized cortical hyphae. Mycena oregonensis is differentiated from M. adonis by its orange to yellow cap and lack of scarlet to pinkish tones. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena adonis The mushroom is hygrophanous (changing color as it loses or gains moisture), being cream-buff to yellowish initially, with a paler (almost white) margin, and fading to buff in the center and yellowish-white along the margin when dry. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena flavoalba Before assuming that any wild mushroom is edible, it should be identified. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Edible mushroom This mushroom is deadly poisonous if eaten raw, but highly regarded when parboiled (see below). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Edible mushroom The specific epithet acicula is derived from the Latin word meaning "small needle". The mushroom is commonly known as the "orange bonnet", or the "coral spring Mycena". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mycena acicula The appearance of several atypical fruitings of Mycena adonis on deciduous wood in the Netherlands in the late 1970s was attributed to increases in atmospheric pollution that raised the acidity of the wood substrate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mycena adonis A commonly eaten mushroom is the white mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Edible mushroom One advantage of bioluminescence may lie in its potential to attract insects that can disperse the mushroom's spores. Alexander Smith's 1947 Mycena monograph identified 232 species; the genus is now known to include about 500 species worldwide. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mycena Atheniella species were most recently classified in Mycena because of their stature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atheniella The specific epithet crocea refers to the orange color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena crocea It was first described as Marasmius nucicola in 1925 but that name could not be used in Mycena. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena crocea Mycena crocea, commonly known as the walnut mycena, is a species of mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. The small mushroom has a bright yellow, conical to broadly convex cap up to 15 mm (0.6 in) in diameter. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena crocea Singer later changed his mind about these placements, and his 1986 Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, he considered the species a Mycena; the binomials resulting from the prior generic transfers are synonyms. The mushroom is commonly known as the "scarlet bonnet". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena adonis It is tubular, fragile, initially pruinose (covered with a fine powder), polished and smooth with age, pale yellow, becoming whitish, with the base often dirty yellow or brownish. Mycena adonis mushrooms are inedible. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena adonis The mushroom's common name is the "ivory bonnet". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena flavoalba Mycena flavoalba, commonly known as the ivory bonnet, is a species of inedible mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. The cap is initially conical in shape, before becoming convex and then flattening out; it may reach dimensions of up to 1.5 cm (0.6 in) across. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena flavoalba The binomials resulting from these transfers are considered synonyms; another synonym is Mycena luteoalba (Bolton) Gray. Mycena flavoalba is placed in the section Adonideae of the genus Mycena, alongside species such as M. adonis and M. floridula. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena flavoalba As the mushroom ages, these outer layers break down and fall away from the head. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Calostoma cinnabarinum The capillitium formed by these connections is present only when the mushroom is young and disintegrates thereafter. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Calostoma cinnabarinum Tricholoma matsutake, the matsutake, a mushroom highly prized in Japanese cuisine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Edible mushroom The fungus is classified in the section Aciculae of the genus Mycena. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena acicula Species in the genus Mycena (and in Hemimycena) are commonly known as bonnets. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mycena In Mycena, Illior is mainly regarded as the patron god of thieves. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Nightrunner Series This mushroom is saprobic and found exclusively on hickory nuts and walnuts in eastern North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea The gills have an adnate attachment and are a pale yellowish color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea Mycena strobilinoides is similar to M. crocea, but is found in needle beds under conifers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea Atheniella adonis has a fragile stem and a more reddish-pink coloration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea Mycena crocea are found exclusively on hickory nuts and walnuts in eastern North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea The gills have an adnate attachment and are a pale yellowish color. They are subdistantly spaced. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena crocea Mushrooms resembling M. adonis include M. acicula, M. aurantiidisca, and M. rosella. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis M. strobilinoides can be distinguished from M. adonis by its orange cap and amyloid spores. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis The appearance of several atypical fruitings of Mycena adonis on deciduous wood in the Netherlands in the late 1970s was attributed to increases in atmospheric pollution that raised the acidity of the wood substrate. Mushrooms resembling M. adonis include M. acicula, M. aurantiidisca, and M. rosella. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis The species was first named Agaricus adonis in 1792 by Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, and placed in Mycena by Samuel Frederick Gray in 1821. Rolf Singer successively moved it to Hemimycena (1943), then Marasmiellus (1951). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis The mushroom is commonly known as the "scarlet bonnet". Samuel Frederick Gray called it the "Adonis high-stool" in his 1821 Natural Arrangement of British Plants, while Mordecai Cubitt Cooke named it the "delicate Mycena". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis Mycena oregonensis is differentiated from M. adonis by its orange to yellow cap and lack of scarlet to pinkish tones. M. roseipallens has a smaller fruit body, wider spores, a less intensely colored and less conical cap, and grows on the decaying wood of elm, ash, and alder. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena adonis The cap color is ivory-white to yellowish white, sometimes more yellowish at the center. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena flavoalba Mycena flavoalba is placed in the section Adonideae of the genus Mycena, alongside species such as M. adonis and M. floridula. The specific epithet flavoalba ("yellow-white") is a compound of the Latin adjectives flavus ("yellow) and alba ("white"). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena flavoalba These strands vary in color from red to yellow-brown, and fade with age. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Calostoma cinnabarinum As it ages, this mushroom turns from small, white and smooth to large and light brown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edible mushroom In its youngest form, it is known as the 'common mushroom', 'button mushroom', 'cultivated mushroom', and 'champignon mushroom'. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edible mushroom Hericium erinaceus, a tooth fungus; also called "lion's mane mushroom" --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Edible mushroom Mycena adonis, M. floridula, and M. leptophylla are larger species of the section Adonidae in the genus Mycena. In that section, among other differences, the hyphae of the cortical layer (the outer layer of tissue) of the stem are smooth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena acicula One advantage of bioluminescence may lie in its potential to attract insects that can disperse the mushroom's spores. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena The name Mycena comes from the Ancient Greek μύκης mykes, meaning "fungus." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena Mycena News, a publication of the Mycological Society of San Francisco --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mycena Alec spent most of his youth in towns and villages north of or in Mycena, he usually says he's from Kerry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Nightrunner Series The Retha'noi are the indigenous inhabitants of what became Skala, Mycena and Plenimar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Nightrunner Series Conversely, Dalna is the chief god of the northern Mycena, where Illior and Sakor are not much regarded. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Nightrunner Series Odor and taste are not distinctive. The gills have an adnate attachment and are a pale yellowish color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena crocea The flesh is thin, the same color as the cap, fragile, and without any distinctive taste or odor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena adonis M. aurantiidisca can be distinguished from M. adonis by it lack of scarlet to pinkish tones in the cap and lack of gelatinized cortical hyphae. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena adonis Mycena specialist Alexander H. Smith has found the species in Washington, Oregon, and California. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena adonis The fungus prefers to grow in conifer woods and peat bogs, suggesting a preference for acidic environments. The appearance of several atypical fruitings of Mycena adonis on deciduous wood in the Netherlands in the late 1970s was attributed to increases in atmospheric pollution that raised the acidity of the wood substrate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena adonis Singer later changed his mind about these placements, and his 1986 Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy, he considered the species a Mycena. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena flavoalba The binomials resulting from these transfers are considered synonyms; another synonym is Mycena luteoalba (Bolton) Gray. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena flavoalba When moist it is translucent with slight ripples running transversely, and white to pale yellow in color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena flavoalba This compound, named calostomal, is responsible for the orange-red color of the fruit bodies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Calostoma cinnabarinum A 1986 ethnomycological study of native traditions in Veracruz identified this use of huang noono, which locals roasted, then consumed as a powder with mineral water to treat gastrointestinal distress. Unlike these Mexican traditions, Hunan folk beliefs hold that the mushroom is poisonous on account of its bright color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Calostoma cinnabarinum The discipline of biology devoted to the study of fungi is known as mycology (from the Greek μύκης mykes, mushroom). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus Rare in the fossil record are the Homobasidiomycetes (a taxon roughly equivalent to the mushroom-producing species of the Agaricomycetes). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus Mushroom farming and mushroom gathering are large industries in many countries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus Many other mushroom species are harvested from the wild for personal consumption or commercial sale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus As it is difficult to accurately identify a safe mushroom without proper training and knowledge, it is often advised to assume that a wild mushroom is poisonous and not to consume it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fungus It is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edible mushroom Tremella fuciformis, the snow fungus, snow ear, silver ear fungus and white jelly mushroom --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edible mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita, the pioppino, velvet pioppini, poplar or black poplar mushroom --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edible mushroom Hydnum repandum, sweet tooth fungus, hedgehog mushroom or hedgehog fungus, urchin of the woods --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edible mushroom Gyromitra esculenta (the false morel) is prized by the Finns. This mushroom is deadly poisonous if eaten raw, but highly regarded when parboiled (see below). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Edible mushroom Several other Mycena species look similar, but may be distinguished by differences in size and/or microscopic characteristics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena acicula The color is red when young, soon becoming yellowish toward the margin, and slowly fading to bright orange-yellow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena acicula Mycena specialist Alexander H. Smith further noted of M. acicula that it could readily be mistaken for a Hygrophorus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena acicula Some species, like Mycena haematopus, exude a latex when the stem is broken, and many species have a chlorine-like odor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena Alexander Smith's 1947 Mycena monograph identified 232 species; the genus is now known to include about 500 species worldwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mycena A plan to retrieve all the pieces of the helm is attempted by a Plenimarine, Mardus, who wishes to use it to conquer Skala and Mycena and rule over the three lands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Nightrunner Series Mycena is militarily much weaker than Skala and Plenimar, and depends on Skalan help during the frequent wars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Nightrunner Series Inhabitants have many linguistic and cultural similarities with the Mycenans and indeed there is some ambiguity as whether or not it should count as part of Mycena. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Nightrunner Series Conversely, Dalna is the chief god of the northern Mycena, where Illior and Sakor are not much regarded. In Mycena, Illior is mainly regarded as the patron god of thieves. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Nightrunner Series Mycena crocea are found exclusively on hickory nuts and walnuts in eastern North America. It was first described as Marasmius nucicola in 1925 but that name could not be used in Mycena. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena crocea Mycena adonis, commonly known as the scarlet bonnet, is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. Found in Asia, Europe, and North America, it produces small orangish to reddish inedible mushrooms with caps up to 1.2 cm (0.5 in) in diameter, held by thin pinkish-white stems reaching 4 cm (1.6 in) long. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena adonis Above the base, the stem is smooth, and pruinose toward the apex. When moist it is translucent with slight ripples running transversely, and white to pale yellow in color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena flavoalba Below this coating is a thin, cinnabar-red membrane. As the mushroom ages, these outer layers break down and fall away from the head. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Calostoma cinnabarinum The fungus is classified in the section Aciculae of the genus Mycena. The specific epithet acicula is derived from the Latin word meaning "small needle". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena acicula The gills are attached and usually have cystidia. Some species, like Mycena haematopus, exude a latex when the stem is broken, and many species have a chlorine-like odor. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena The name Mycena comes from the Ancient Greek μύκης mykes, meaning "fungus." Species in the genus Mycena (and in Hemimycena) are commonly known as bonnets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mycena It is not a member of the Mycenaceae, and unlike most Mycenaceae, its basidiospores and tissues do not react with iodine. Atheniella species were most recently classified in Mycena because of their stature. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atheniella Parts of the war between Planimar and Skala are fought there. Alec spent most of his youth in towns and villages north of or in Mycena, he usually says he's from Kerry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Nightrunner Series In Mycena, Illior is mainly regarded as the patron god of thieves. Astellus seems to be the specific god of only a minority everywhere—mainly the patron god of sailors and fishermen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Nightrunner Series
18069.	Q: Between Mörbisch am See, Christus church, and Christ Church in Chilwell which uses pews for seating? Title = Mörbisch am See, Christus church, view to the organ.JPG Description = Title = Nigel Church pipe organ in Christ Church, Chilwell Description = A: Mörbisch am See, Christus church Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Chilwell School, Burgenland, Mörbisch am See, Christus (statue), Fertőrákos, Michel Glotz, United Church of Christ, Iva Mihanovic, Beeston, Nottinghamshire, Church of God in Christ, 2021 UEFA Champions League Final, Chilwell Olympia, International Churches of Christ, Christus factus est, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Chilwell, Laudes Regiæ, Rosy Barsony, Church of Christ, Christus Dominus, Christ Church, Oxford, Chilwell (disambiguation), National Shell Filling Factory, Chilwell, List of cities and towns in Austria, Lake Neusiedl, Marc Clear, 2021 FA Cup Final, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites, Christian churches and churches of Christ, Christus Victor, Community of Christ, Giorgio Madia, Chilwell Filling Factory Memorial, Churches of Christ, Catholic Church, Ben Chilwell, List of postal codes in Austria, Solus Christus Toggle details	Christ Church, Chilwell was built in 1903 to provide an Anglican church to serve the growing population, although it did not become a separate ecclesiastical parish from Attenborough until 1975. --- (0.24, 0.07, 0.16999999999999998) Chilwell The church teaches that it is a continuation of the Church of Christ established in 1830 by Joseph Smith. --- (0.23, 0.1, 0.13) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints These are collectively known as the Four Marks of the Church. The church teaches that its founder is Jesus Christ. --- (0.23, 0.1, 0.13) Catholic Church The basic unit of the United Church of Christ is the local church (also often called the congregation). --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) United Church of Christ Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago – a predominantly black church located in south Chicago. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) United Church of Christ Church of Christ with the Elijah Message, which broke away from the Temple Lot church in 1929. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Church of Christ Church of Christ at Halley's Bluff, which broke away from the Temple Lot church in 1932. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Church of Christ Church of Christ, a church in the Vesterbro district of CopenhagenIn the United States: --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Church of Christ The church requests that the official name be used when possible or, if necessary, shortened to "the Church" or "the Church of Jesus Christ". --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The churches are independent congregations and typically go by the name "Christian Church", but often use the name "church of Christ" as well. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Christian churches and churches of Christ A group in Nottingham withdrew from the Scotch Baptist church in 1836 to form a Church of Christ. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Churches of Christ "Within the United Church of Christ, the various expressions of the church relate to each other in a covenantal manner. --- (0.19, 0.08, 0.11) United Church of Christ Iglesia ni Cristo (Filipino translation for "Church of Christ"), an independent church originating in the Philippines --- (0.19, 0.08, 0.11) Church of Christ The church traces its origins to Joseph Smith's establishment of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830. --- (0.19, 0.08, 0.11) Community of Christ As expressed in the United Church of Christ constitution: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) United Church of Christ Quoting the United Church of Christ Constitution, "The basic unit of the life and organization of the United Church of Christ is the local church. --- (0.18, 0.07, 0.10999999999999999) United Church of Christ "This practice of not owning buildings changed when the Tokyo Church of Christ became the first ICOC church to build its own church building. --- (0.18, 0.07, 0.10999999999999999) International Churches of Christ The chapel moved to land provided by Squire Charlton in 1857. Christ Church, Chilwell was built in 1903 to provide an Anglican church to serve the growing population, although it did not become a separate ecclesiastical parish from Attenborough until 1975. --- (0.18, 0.05, 0.13) Chilwell Joseph Smith formally organized the church as the Church of Christ, on April 6, 1830, in western New York. --- (0.18, 0.07, 0.10999999999999999) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints They believe that the New Testament demonstrates how a person may become a Christian (and thus a part of the universal Church of Christ) and how a church should be collectively organized and carry out its scriptural purposes. --- (0.18, 0.07, 0.10999999999999999) Churches of Christ Using the term "Church of Christ" exclusively has been criticized as identifying a denomination. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Churches of Christ Some of the latter describe themselves as a "Church of Christ (Instrumental)". --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Churches of Christ The congregation grew rapidly, and was renamed the Boston Church of Christ. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Churches of Christ Using the term "Church of Christ" exclusively has been criticized as identifying a denomination. Many congregations and individuals do not capitalize the word "church" in the phrases "church of Christ" and "churches of Christ". --- (0.18, 0.07, 0.10999999999999999) Churches of Christ List of Jurisdictions of the Church of God in Christ --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of God in Christ Disciples recognize the ordinations of the United Church of Christ as do they for Disciples. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints) – the original church founded by Joseph Smith on April 6, 1830. --- (0.17, 0.07, 0.1) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Leighton-Floyd/Burt) - --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of Christ Church of Christ in Thailand, the largest Protestant Church in Thailand. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Perry, Illinois), listed on the NRHP in Illinois --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Revere, Massachusetts), listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of Christ Church of Christ, Swansea, Massachusetts, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Church of Christ The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Christ Church, Oxford "Church of Christ" is the most common name used by this group. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church teaches that it was entrusted with seven sacraments that were instituted by Christ. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Catholic Church In the United Church of Christ, creeds, confessions, and affirmations of faith function as "testimonies of faith" around which the church gathers rather than as "tests of faith" rigidly prescribing required doctrinal consent. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) United Church of Christ As a WCC member church, the United Church of Christ issued a response as part of the process to work toward a statement of common theological perspectives. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) United Church of Christ Trinity United Church of Christ, Chicago – a predominantly black church located in south Chicago. With upwards of 10,000 members, it is the largest church affiliated with UCC. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) United Church of Christ McKean then moved to Massachusetts, where he took over the leadership of the Lexington Church of Christ (soon to be called the Boston Church of Christ). Building on Lucas' initial strategies, McKean only agreed to lead the church in Lexington as long as every member agreed to be 'totally committed'. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) International Churches of Christ The tendency in Restoration churches to choose names such as "Christian Church" and "Church of Christ" can cause difficulties in identifying the affiliation (if any) of an individual church based solely on its name. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) Christian churches and churches of Christ For the Churches of Christ, practices not viewed as present in accounts of New Testament worship were not permitted in the church. In contrast, the Christian Church may consider any practice not expressly forbidden. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) Churches of Christ David Roozen, director of the Hartford Institute for Religion Research who has studied the United Church of Christ, said surveys show the national church's pronouncements are often more liberal than the views in the pews but that its governing structure is set up to allow such disagreements. --- (0.15, 0.04, 0.10999999999999999) United Church of Christ Each "setting" of the United Church of Christ relates covenantally with other settings, their actions speaking "to but not for" each other. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) United Church of Christ The ethos of United Church of Christ organization is considered "covenantal". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) United Church of Christ In the United Church of Christ, creeds, confessions, and affirmations of faith function as "testimonies of faith" around which the church gathers rather than as "tests of faith" rigidly prescribing required doctrinal consent. As expressed in the United Church of Christ constitution: --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) United Church of Christ It is often referred to as The Christian Church, The Disciples of Christ, The Disciples, or the DOC. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Church of Christ (Guy, Arkansas), listed on the NRHP in Arkansas and associated with the Churches of Christ. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Church of Christ The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Christ Church, Oxford The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, often informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a nontrinitarian, Christian restorationist church that considers itself to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ. --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints This original church underwent several name changes during the 1830s, being called the Church of Jesus Christ, the Church of God, and then in 1834, the name was officially changed to the Church of the Latter Day Saints. --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Catholic Church teaches that its public ministry began on Pentecost, occurring fifty days following the date Christ is believed to have resurrected. At Pentecost, the apostles are believed to have received the Holy Spirit, preparing them for their mission in leading the church. --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) Catholic Church The Statement of Faith of the United Church of Christ (written at the founding of the denomination). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United Church of Christ United Church of Christ was recognized in the Apology Resolution to Native Hawaiians. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United Church of Christ Each expression of the church listens, hears, and carefully considers the advise, counsel and requests of others. In this covenant, the various expressions of the United Church of Christ seek to walk together in all God's ways." --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) United Church of Christ McKean then moved to Massachusetts, where he took over the leadership of the Lexington Church of Christ (soon to be called the Boston Church of Christ). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) International Churches of Christ This began to cause a tension with the larger Church of Christ leadership that would eventually lead to a complete split. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) International Churches of Christ You put your money into people who reach out to more people in order to help them become Christians. "This practice of not owning buildings changed when the Tokyo Church of Christ became the first ICOC church to build its own church building. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) International Churches of Christ "This practice of not owning buildings changed when the Tokyo Church of Christ became the first ICOC church to build its own church building. This building was designed by the Japanese architect Fumihiko Maki. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) International Churches of Christ Prior to the 1906 separation, congregations would typically be named "Disciples of Christ," "Christian Church," and "Church of Christ." --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Additionally, the Disciples combined their overseas ministries with the United Church of Christ in 1996. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The logo of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is a red chalice with a white St. Andrew's Cross. The chalice represents the centrality of Communion to the life of the church. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Church of Christ, Instrumental, also known as the Kelleyites, a Baptist denomination in Arkansas --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Church of Christ United Church of Christ in the Philippines, the largest Protestant group in the Philippines --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Church of Christ Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Christ Church, Oxford The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) Christ Church, Oxford The restoration—as represented by the church began by Joseph Smith—refers to a return of the authentic priesthood power, spiritual gifts, ordinances, living prophets and revelation of the primitive Church of Christ. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints This original church underwent several name changes during the 1830s, being called the Church of Jesus Christ, the Church of God, and then in 1834, the name was officially changed to the Church of the Latter Day Saints. In April 1838, the name was officially changed to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The term Mormon Church is in common use, but the church began discouraging its use in the late 20th century. The church requests that the official name be used when possible or, if necessary, shortened to "the Church" or "the Church of Jesus Christ". --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints His experience following his reading of this scripture resulted in the eventual organization of the Church of Christ. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Community of Christ The church reports 250,000 members in 1,100 congregations in 59 countries. The church traces its origins to Joseph Smith's establishment of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) Community of Christ More traditional Church of Christ hymns commonly are in the style of gospel hymnody. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Churches of Christ Church government is congregational rather than denominational. Churches of Christ purposefully have no central headquarters, councils, or other organizational structure above the local church level. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Churches of Christ He asked them to "redefine their commitment to Christ," and introduced the use of discipling partners. The congregation grew rapidly, and was renamed the Boston Church of Christ. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church teaches that the college of bishops, led by the Bishop of Rome are the successors to the Apostles. In the account of the Confession of Peter found in the Gospel of Matthew, Christ designates Peter as the "rock" upon which Christ's church will be built. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) Catholic Church In the account of the Confession of Peter found in the Gospel of Matthew, Christ designates Peter as the "rock" upon which Christ's church will be built. The Catholic Church considers the Bishop of Rome, the pope, to be the successor to Saint Peter. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Catholic Church It has been widely reproduced, and in the 20th century, images and replicas of the statue were adopted by the leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) to emphasize the centrality of Jesus Christ in church teachings. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) Christus (statue) The motto of the United Church of Christ comes from John 17:21: "That they may all be one". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United Church of Christ In this covenant, the various expressions of the United Church of Christ seek to walk together in all God's ways." --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United Church of Christ The Insurance Board is a nonprofit corporation collectively "owned" by the Conferences of the United Church of Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United Church of Christ The basic unit of the United Church of Christ is the local church (also often called the congregation). Local churches have the freedom to govern themselves, establishing their own internal organizational structures and theological positions. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) United Church of Christ The Church of God in Christ (COGIC) is a Holiness–Pentecostal Christian denomination. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of God in Christ These elders became the first Pentecostal General Assembly of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of God in Christ After the death of Bishop Mason, he assumed leadership as the Senior Bishop of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of God in Christ We believe in the Blessed Hope, which is the rapture of the Church of God, which is in Christ, at His return. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of God in Christ The Elders' Council met and organized the first Missions board of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of God in Christ The largest congregation, the Los Angeles Church of Christ, has over 6000 members. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) International Churches of Christ Moreover, the relationship between The Boston Church of Christ and larger CoC became more and more strained. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) International Churches of Christ The campus ministry in Gainesville thrived and sustained strong support from the elders of the local congregation in the 'Crossroads Church of Christ'. By 1971, as many as a hundred people a year were joining the church. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) International Churches of Christ Ordained Disciple ministers are able to directly serve in the United Church of Christ without having to seek additional qualifications. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Latter Day Church of Christ, a Mormon fundamentalist denomination based in Utah --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of Christ Church of Christ (David Clark) – Also known as "Lion of God Ministry". --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of Christ Church of Christ in LaRoche Township, Academy, South Dakota, listed on the NRHP in South Dakota. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Church of Christ This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! Might get into Loughborough, in a bad year." --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Christ Church, Oxford Outline of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Joseph Smith formally organized the church as the Church of Christ, on April 6, 1830, in western New York. Smith later changed the name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints after he stated he had received a revelation to do so. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [City Name]", "[City Name] Community Christian Church", or "[City Name] Community Fellowship". The tendency in Restoration churches to choose names such as "Christian Church" and "Church of Christ" can cause difficulties in identifying the affiliation (if any) of an individual church based solely on its name. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ The tendency in Restoration churches to choose names such as "Christian Church" and "Church of Christ" can cause difficulties in identifying the affiliation (if any) of an individual church based solely on its name. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for churches outside of the Restoration Movement to use similar names (see Church of Christ (disambiguation)). --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ This disagreement became another important factor leading to the separation of the Churches of Christ from the Christian Church. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Churches of Christ A group in Nottingham withdrew from the Scotch Baptist church in 1836 to form a Church of Christ. James Wallis, a member of that group, founded a magazine named The British Millennial Harbinger in 1837. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church holds that Christ instituted the papacy upon giving the keys of Heaven to Saint Peter. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Catholic Church The United Church of Christ acknowledges as its sole Head, Jesus Christ, Son of God and Savior. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ Local churches also are members of larger Conferences, of which there are 36 in the United Church of Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ United Church of Christ congregations were asked to opt into the campaign, signifying their support as well as their willingness to receive training on hospitality and evangelism. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ "These colleges continue to relate to the United Church of Christ through the Council for Higher Education, but chose not to affirm the purposes of the Council. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ Common – Rapper, recording artist, member of Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ The motto of the United Church of Christ comes from John 17:21: "That they may all be one". The denomination's official literature uses broad doctrinal parameters, emphasizing freedom of individual conscience and local church autonomy. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ acknowledges as its sole Head, Jesus Christ, Son of God and Savior. It acknowledges as kindred in Christ all who share in this confession. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United Church of Christ This Holiness group/fellowship adopted the name Church of God in Christ, and COGIC began to develop congregations throughout the South. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of God in Christ As Pentecostals, the Church believes that demons can be subdued and subjugated through the power of the Holy Spirit in the name of Jesus Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of God in Christ The Church of God in Christ ecclesiastical structure is an episcopal-presbyterian form of government. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of God in Christ Herndon and her twin sister Leatha were pioneers of the evangelistic work of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of God in Christ 1962–1968 has been described as a "Dark Period" in the history of the Church of God in Christ, because there was polarization and conflict in leadership following the death of the founder. After Mason's death, in accordance with the 1952 church constitution, the control of the church reverted to the Board of Bishops. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Church of God in Christ By 1979 his ministry grew from a few individuals to over three hundred making it the fastest growing Church of Christ campus ministry in America. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) International Churches of Christ Parallel to this, the Boston Church of Christ began to plant new congregations at unprecedented speed for the Church of Christ at the time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) International Churches of Christ The church grew from 30 members to 3,000 in just over 10 years in what became known as the 'Boston Movement'. While still a Church of Christ congregation, they differentiated themselves through high levels of commitment, accountability, mentorship and a numerical focus on conversions. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) International Churches of Christ The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is a mainline Protestant Christian denomination in the United States and Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) For example, the "Independent Christian Church" will not accept a woman as a minister while some of the "Disciples of Christ" congregations will. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) This became one important factor leading to the separation of the Churches of Christ from the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) "Under the design, all churches in the 1968 yearbook of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) were automatically recognized as part of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In 2011, the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) stated that "Disciples do not have a formal policy on same-sex marriage. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) has experienced a significant loss of membership since the middle of the 20th century. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) It maintains Ordained Ministerial Partner Standing with the United Church of Christ, which means that clergy ordained in the Disciples of Christ may also serve in the United Church of Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The confusion over names has been present ever since. Prior to the 1906 separation, congregations would typically be named "Disciples of Christ," "Christian Church," and "Church of Christ." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Prior to the 1906 separation, congregations would typically be named "Disciples of Christ," "Christian Church," and "Church of Christ." However, there are different practices by each. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Although Disciples respect the great creeds of the church as informative affirmations of faith, they are never seen as binding. Since the adoption of The Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), in 1968, Disciples have celebrated a sense of unity in reading the preamble to the Design publicly. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Ecumenical representatives are often included to emphasize the Disciples' desire for Christian unity. Disciples recognize the ordinations of the United Church of Christ as do they for Disciples. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Chilwell Methodist Church was founded in 1798 as the Methodist First Connection Chapel at Hallams Lane. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chilwell Church of Christ (Temple Lot) – Informally referred to as "Hedrickites", this denomination is headquartered in Independence, Missouri, on what is known as the Temple Lot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Hancock) – Founded by Pauline Hancock, this denomination is split from the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) in 1946. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Christ Clark broke from the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in November 1985. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Christ Church of Christ in Congo, the administrative and spiritual union of denominations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Christ United Church of Christ – Congregational in the Marshall Islands, the largest religious group in the Marshall Islands --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Church of Christ Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Then in 1546 the King, who had broken from the Church of Rome and acquired great wealth through the dissolution of the monasteries in England, refounded the college as Christ Church as part of the reorganisation of the Church of England, making the partially demolished priory church the cathedral of the recently created Diocese of Oxford. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford For over four centuries Christ Church admitted men only; the first female students at Christ Church matriculated in 1980. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Sir John Bell and Sir Tim Berners-Lee are both members of the governing body of Christ Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Midnight has come and the great Christ Church bell And many a lesser bell sound through the room; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique in that it has both a cathedral choir and a college choir. The cathedral choir comprises twelve adults and sixteen boys. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford "There is one oddity; Rudge. Determined to try for Oxford, Christ Church of all places! --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christ Church, Oxford Church theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ, and the substitutionary atonement of Jesus Christ. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Smith later changed the name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints after he stated he had received a revelation to do so. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The LDS Church teaches that, subsequent to the death of Jesus and his original apostles, his church, along with the authority to act in Jesus Christ's name and the church's attendant spiritual gifts, were lost, due to a combination of external persecutions and internal heresies. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints In April 1838, the name was officially changed to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Index of articles related to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints List of missions of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The church teaches that it is a continuation of the Church of Christ established in 1830 by Joseph Smith. This original church underwent several name changes during the 1830s, being called the Church of Jesus Christ, the Church of God, and then in 1834, the name was officially changed to the Church of the Latter Day Saints. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches defines such a church as follows: "A group of Christ's faithful hierarchically linked in accordance with law and given express or tacit recognition by the supreme authority of the Church is in this Code called an autonomous Church. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites Most (but not all) congregations in this tradition include the words "Christian Church" or "Church of Christ" in their congregational name. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian churches and churches of Christ Furthermore, it is not uncommon for churches outside of the Restoration Movement to use similar names (see Church of Christ (disambiguation)). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian churches and churches of Christ The official separation between the independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is difficult to date. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Christian churches and churches of Christ The Community of Christ, known from 1872 to 2001 as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS), is an American-based international church, and is the second-largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Community of Christ Formerly known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the Community of Christ regards itself as the true embodiment of the original church organized in 1830 by Joseph Smith, and it regards Joseph Smith III, the eldest surviving son of Smith, to have been his legitimate successor. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Community of Christ The formal reorganization occurred on April 6, 1860, in Amboy, Illinois, as the "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints", adding the word Reorganized to the church name in 1872. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Community of Christ Comparison of the Community of Christ and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Community of Christ The church traces its origins to Joseph Smith's establishment of the Church of Christ on April 6, 1830. A group of members including his eldest son Joseph Smith III formally established the current church on April 6, 1860 in the aftermath of the 1844 death of Joseph Smith. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Community of Christ But ask in faith, never doubting" (James 1:5–6) is an oft quoted passage from the New Testament, as well as being the scripture reference that Joseph Smith read when he was trying, as a boy, to determine what church to join. His experience following his reading of this scripture resulted in the eventual organization of the Church of Christ. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Community of Christ " The names "Church of Christ," "Christian Church," and "Disciples of Christ" were adopted by the movement because they are terms found in the Bible, rather than denominational. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Churches of Christ Other terms are derived from their use in the New Testament: "church of God", "church of the Lord", "churches of Christ", "church of the first-born", "church of the living God", "the house of God", and "the people of God", while terms recognized as scriptural, such as Church of God, are avoided to avoid confusion or identification with other groups that use those designations. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Churches of Christ More recently, the rise of the International Churches of Christ, who "reimmersed some who came into their fellowship, even those previously immersed 'for remission of sins' in a Church of Christ," has caused some to reexamine the question of rebaptism. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Churches of Christ Members understand that a scriptural name can be used in a "denominational" or "sectarian" way. Using the term "Church of Christ" exclusively has been criticized as identifying a denomination. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Catholic Church The Catholic Church teaches that its public ministry began on Pentecost, occurring fifty days following the date Christ is believed to have resurrected. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Catholic Church The office of the pope is known as the papacy. The Catholic Church holds that Christ instituted the papacy upon giving the keys of Heaven to Saint Peter. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Catholic Church The Catholic Church holds that Christ instituted the papacy upon giving the keys of Heaven to Saint Peter. His ecclesiastical jurisdiction is called the "Holy See" (Sancta Sedes in Latin), or the "Apostolic See" (meaning the see of the apostle Peter). --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Catholic Church The church teaches that its founder is Jesus Christ. The New Testament records several events considered integral to the establishment of the Catholic Church, including Jesus' activities and teaching and his appointment of the apostles as witnesses to his ministry, suffering, and resurrection. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Catholic Church The coming of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles, in an event known as Pentecost, is seen as the beginning of the public ministry of the Catholic Church. The church teaches that all duly consecrated bishops have a lineal succession from the apostles of Christ, known as apostolic succession. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Catholic Church The United Church of Christ facilitates bilateral dialogues with many faith groups, including members of the Jewish and Muslim communities. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Church of Christ The UCC's "Covenantal Polity" is best expressed in Article III of the 1999 revision of the Bylaws and Constitution of the United Church of Christ. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Church of Christ According to its 2008 annual report, the United Church of Christ had about 1.1 million members in about 5,300 local congregations. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ has a highly educated membership, with 46% of members holding graduate or post-graduate degrees. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Church of Christ This section lists notable people known to have been past or present members or raised in the United Church of Christ or its predecessor denominations. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United Church of Christ A prominent Methodist Church was built by the architect W. J. Morley of Bradford in Chilwell Road in 1902. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Beeston, Nottinghamshire Later in 1897, while in Little Rock, Arkansas, C. H. Mason stated that God had given him such a name for the group, the "Church of God in Christ". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ After being ejected for accepting these new Pentecostal teachings, Mason called a meeting in Memphis later in the year and reorganized the Church of God in Christ as a Holiness-Pentecostal body. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ In 1907, with ten congregations, The Church of God in Christ became the first legally chartered Pentecostal body incorporated in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ 1962–1968 has been described as a "Dark Period" in the history of the Church of God in Christ, because there was polarization and conflict in leadership following the death of the founder. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ The most notable rift occurred in 1969, when fourteen bishops met in Evanston, Illinois, to form the Church of God in Christ, International. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ He also instituted the Annual Prayer Breakfast, conducted Evangelistic Crusades across the country and developed the Church of God in Christ National Evangelist Registry. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ The Church of God in Christ (COGIC) is a Holiness–Pentecostal Christian denomination. COGIC is the largest Pentecostal denomination in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of God in Christ According to Alex Haley, "He and his wife then received bomb threats at home and at church. " Malcolm X's Funeral was held in Harlem, New York at Faith Temple Church Of God In Christ. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Church of God in Christ According to its 1973 Constitution, the church has two structures to govern the church: civil and ecclesiastical. The civil structure of the Church of God in Christ includes a president, First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, general secretary, General Treasurer, and the Financial Secretary. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Church of God in Christ In 1967, Chuck Lucas was minister of the 14th Street Church of Christ in Gainesville, Florida (later renamed the Crossroads Church of Christ). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ The campus ministry in Gainesville thrived and sustained strong support from the elders of the local congregation in the 'Crossroads Church of Christ'. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ While still a Church of Christ congregation, they differentiated themselves through high levels of commitment, accountability, mentorship and a numerical focus on conversions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ After completing the study, Yeakley observed that "The data in this study of the Boston Church of Christ does not prove that any certain individual has actually changed his or her personality in an unhealthy way. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ In 1990 the Crossroads Church of Christ broke with the movement and, through a letter written to The Christian Chronicle, attempted to restore relations with the mainline Churches of Christ. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ The largest congregation, the Los Angeles Church of Christ, has over 6000 members. The largest church service was held in 2012 at the AT&T Center in San Antonio, Texas, during a World Discipleship Summit, with 17,800 in attendance. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) International Churches of Christ Moreover, the relationship between The Boston Church of Christ and larger CoC became more and more strained. During this period, Boston Movement leaders had begun to 'reconstruct' existing congregations. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ During this period, Boston Movement leaders had begun to 'reconstruct' existing congregations. This began to cause a tension with the larger Church of Christ leadership that would eventually lead to a complete split. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Churches of Christ These different congregations (Disciples of Christ, Church of Christ, and Independent Church) share many of the same beliefs and practices but there are, in fact, some differences. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In 1968, the International Convention of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) adopted the commission's proposed "Provisional Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Since the adoption of The Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), in 1968, Disciples have celebrated a sense of unity in reading the preamble to the Design publicly. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Disciples have two full communion partners: the United Church of Christ, since 1989, and the United Church of Canada, since 2019. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) at the "General Church" level consists of a number of self-governing agencies, which focus upon specific Christian witnesses to the world. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The logo of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is a red chalice with a white St. Andrew's Cross. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) at the "General Church" level consists of a number of self-governing agencies, which focus upon specific Christian witnesses to the world. The church agencies report to the General Assembly, which meets biennially in odd-numbered years and is an assembly of representatives selected by congregations and ordained ministers with standing in the denomination. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Church of Christ (William Chubby), an extinct Latter Day Saint denomination organized in the Late 1830s by William Chubby. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Fettingite) – Informally referred to as the "Fettingites", after its founder Otto Fetting, this denomination is split from the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) in 1929. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Restored) – This denomination split from the Church of Christ (Fettingite) in the late 1930s under the leadership of A. C. DeWolf. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Brewsterite) – A denomination founded in 1848 by James C. Brewster and Hazen Aldrich. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ This denomination, founded by Howard Leighton-Floyd and H. H. Burt in 1965, split from the Church of Christ with the Elijah Message. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Leighton-Floyd/Burt) - This denomination, founded by Howard Leighton-Floyd and H. H. Burt in 1965, split from the Church of Christ with the Elijah Message. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Christ There is no such thing as the college without its head ... and in the college the head preserves intact his function as Vicar of Christ and pastor of the universal Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christus Dominus Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church's sister college in the University of Cambridge is Trinity College, Cambridge, founded the same year by Henry VIII. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christ Church, Oxford The largest of these smaller groups is the Community of Christ, based in Independence, Missouri, followed by The Church of Jesus Christ, based in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, often informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a nontrinitarian, Christian restorationist church that considers itself to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ. The church is headquartered in the United States in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has established congregations and built temples worldwide. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Smith later changed the name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints after he stated he had received a revelation to do so. Initial converts were drawn to the church in part because of the newly published Book of Mormon, a self-described chronicle of indigenous American prophets that Smith said he had translated from golden plates. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints These are known as autonomous ("sui iuris") churches. The 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches defines such a church as follows: "A group of Christ's faithful hierarchically linked in accordance with law and given express or tacit recognition by the supreme authority of the Church is in this Code called an autonomous Church. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites The separation of the independent Christian churches and churches of Christ from the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) (DoC) occurred over an extended period of time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Christian churches and churches of Christ The church was "legally organized on April 6, 1830, in Fayette, New York". The formal reorganization occurred on April 6, 1860, in Amboy, Illinois, as the "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints", adding the word Reorganized to the church name in 1872. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Community of Christ For example, the aforementioned Christian Church uses musical instruments in worship, whereas the Churches of Christ believe a cappella singing to be proper, although some Church of Christ congregations do use instruments. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ One of Lucas' converts, Kip McKean, moved to the Boston area in 1979 and began working with "would-be disciples" in the Lexington Church of Christ. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ In the early 1980s, the focus of the movement moved to Boston, Massachusetts where Kip McKean and the Boston Church of Christ became prominently associated with the trend. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ There have been strong ties with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), but many conservative ministers and congregations associate with the Christian churches and churches of Christ instead. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ The congregation grew rapidly, and was renamed the Boston Church of Christ. In the early 1980s, the focus of the movement moved to Boston, Massachusetts where Kip McKean and the Boston Church of Christ became prominently associated with the trend. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church teaches that, immediately after death, the soul of each person will receive a particular judgement from God, based on their sins and their relationship to Christ. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Catholic Church Pope Paul VI called her Mother of the Church because, by giving birth to Christ, she is considered to be the spiritual mother to each member of the Body of Christ. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Catholic Church In the liturgy of the New Covenant every liturgical action, especially the celebration of the Eucharist and the sacraments, is an encounter between Christ and the Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Catholic Church The Catholic Church teaches that it was entrusted with seven sacraments that were instituted by Christ. The number and nature of the sacraments were defined by several ecumenical councils, most recently the Council of Trent. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Catholic Church However, United Church of Christ congregations are independent in matters of doctrine and ministry and may not necessarily support the national body's theological or moral stances. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ was formed when two Protestant churches, the Evangelical and Reformed Church and the General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches united in 1957. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ It acknowledges as kindred in Christ all who share in this confession. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ A resolution, "In support of equal marriage rights for all", was supported by an estimated 80 percent of delegates to the church's 2005 General Synod, which made the United Church of Christ the first major Christian deliberative body in the U.S. to endorse "equal marriage rights for all people, regardless of gender". --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) United Church of Christ United Church of Christ General Synod XXV also passed two resolutions concerning the conflict between Israel and Palestinians in the Middle East. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ These 18 schools have affirmed the purposes of the United Church of Christ Council for Higher Education by official action and are full members of the Council. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ Though in many respects similar to the colleges and universities that have full membership in the Council, these institutions tend to be less intentional about their relationships with the United Church of Christ." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ Zion United Church of Christ – formerly known as the High German Evangelical Reformed Church and founded in 1762 in Allentown, Pennsylvania, Zion UCC is sometimes known as the Liberty Bell Church. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ As a WCC member church, the United Church of Christ issued a response as part of the process to work toward a statement of common theological perspectives. On October 17, 2015, representatives of the United Church of Christ and the United Church of Canada came together in Niagara Falls, Ontario to sign an historic full communion agreement. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) United Church of Christ An interplay of wider interdependence with local autonomy characterizes the organization of the UCC. Each "setting" of the United Church of Christ relates covenantally with other settings, their actions speaking "to but not for" each other. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ The ethos of United Church of Christ organization is considered "covenantal". The structure of UCC organization is a mixture of the congregational and presbyterian polities of its predecessor denominations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ United Church of Christ congregations were asked to opt into the campaign, signifying their support as well as their willingness to receive training on hospitality and evangelism. An evangelism event was held in Atlanta in August 2005 to promote the campaign. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United Church of Christ The Church of God in Christ was formed in 1897 by a group of disfellowshipped Baptists, most notably Charles Price Jones (1865–1949) and Charles Harrison Mason (1864–1961). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ In 1955, Emmett Till's funeral was held at Robert's Temple Church Of God In Christ in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ " Malcolm X's Funeral was held in Harlem, New York at Faith Temple Church Of God In Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ He believed that the name, taken from 1 Thessalonians 2:14, was divinely revealed and biblically inspired. This Holiness group/fellowship adopted the name Church of God in Christ, and COGIC began to develop congregations throughout the South. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ These elders became the first Pentecostal General Assembly of the Church of God in Christ. They unanimously chose C.H. Mason as General Overseer and Chief Apostle. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ Bishop Jones was the only living bishop of the five original bishops consecrated by Bishop Mason. After the death of Bishop Mason, he assumed leadership as the Senior Bishop of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ The most notable rift occurred in 1969, when fourteen bishops met in Evanston, Illinois, to form the Church of God in Christ, International. They disagreed in having an electoral process to select the presiding bishop. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ They exist today as adversaries to the kingdom, purpose and will of God. As Pentecostals, the Church believes that demons can be subdued and subjugated through the power of the Holy Spirit in the name of Jesus Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ COGIC Bishop Alvin A. Childs of the Faith Temple Church of God in Christ (later renamed Child's Memorial in his honor) was the clergyman who finally opened his doors. According to Alex Haley, "He and his wife then received bomb threats at home and at church. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Church of God in Christ The Church of God in Christ ecclesiastical structure is an episcopal-presbyterian form of government. Churches are organized in dioceses called jurisdictions, each under the authority of a bishop. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ The Elders' Council met and organized the first Missions board of the Church of God in Christ. In 1927, the call was made for workers to go to serve the Lord in foreign lands. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ Herndon and her twin sister Leatha were pioneers of the evangelistic work of the Church of God in Christ. Together they traveled across the country proclaiming the Gospel of Jesus Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of God in Christ This discipling movement developed in the campus ministry of Chuck Lucas. In 1967, Chuck Lucas was minister of the 14th Street Church of Christ in Gainesville, Florida (later renamed the Crossroads Church of Christ). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Churches of Christ This began to cause a tension with the larger Church of Christ leadership that would eventually lead to a complete split. Parallel to this, the Boston Church of Christ began to plant new congregations at unprecedented speed for the Church of Christ at the time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) International Churches of Christ While the Disciples of Christ and United Church of Canada have entered full communion, the recentness of the agreement means that the provisions for mutual recognition of clergy are not yet finalized and adopted. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Division of Overseas Ministries-Global Ministries: global mission and volunteer work in joint partnership with the United Church of Christ --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In 1968, the International Convention of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) adopted the commission's proposed "Provisional Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). " Soon the Provisional Design became "The Design. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) " Soon the Provisional Design became "The Design. "Under the design, all churches in the 1968 yearbook of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) were automatically recognized as part of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In the years that followed, many of the Independent Christian Church Congregations requested formal withdrawal from the yearbook. Many of those congregations became part of the Christian churches and churches of Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Disciples has been a full participant in the Consultation on Church Union since it began in the 1960s. It continues to support those ongoing conversations which have taken on the title Churches Uniting in Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) has experienced a significant loss of membership since the middle of the 20th century. Membership peaked in 1958 at just under 2 million. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Chilwell has had a long-standing non-conformist population. The Chilwell Methodist Church was founded in 1798 as the Methodist First Connection Chapel at Hallams Lane. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chilwell Church of Christ (Parrishite), an extinct Latter Day Saint denomination organized in 1837 by Warren Parrish in Kirtland, Ohio. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Wightite) – This denomination, founded by Lyman Wight in 1844, split from the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints) at the death of Joseph Smith. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Christ United Church of Christ, a mainline Protestant denomination in the United States amalgamated from four congregationalist groups in 1957 (see also Christian Connection) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Temple Lot) – Informally referred to as "Hedrickites", this denomination is headquartered in Independence, Missouri, on what is known as the Temple Lot. It was founded by Granville Hedrick in July 1863. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Christ Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church consists of the dean and chapter of the cathedral, together with the "Students of Christ Church", who are not junior members but rather the equivalent of the fellows of the other colleges. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is also partly responsible for the creation of University College Reading, which later gained its own Royal Charter and became the University of Reading. The first female undergraduates matriculated at Christ Church in 1980. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church is unique among Oxford colleges in that its Head of House, who is head of both college and cathedral, must be an Anglican cleric appointed by the crown as dean of the cathedral church. The Dean lives on site in a grand sixteenth-century house in the main quadrangle. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Christ Church, Oxford Croquet is played in the Masters' Garden in the summer. The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christ Church, Oxford Church theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ, and the substitutionary atonement of Jesus Christ. The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts: the Bible, the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints A diocese is a section of the People of God entrusted to a bishop to be guided by him with the assistance of his clergy so that, loyal to its pastor and formed by him into one community in the Holy Spirit through the Gospel and the Eucharist, it constitutes one particular church in which the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church of Christ is truly present and active. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites These congregations share historical roots with other, similarly named congregations within the Restoration Movement, including congregations organized within formal fellowships, such as the "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)" or the "Churches of Christ". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian churches and churches of Christ " In recent history, individual congregations have made the decision to change their formal name to break with traditional nomenclature and to adopt more generic names like "Christ's Church [of/at] --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian churches and churches of Christ The official separation between the independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is difficult to date. Suggestions range from 1926 to 1971 based on the events outlined below: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Christian churches and churches of Christ These changes, among others, were controversial among the membership, and they led to the formation of breakaway churches such as the Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints; in 1994, former church historian Richard P. Howard estimated that 25,000 members had left to join such groups. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Community of Christ Its content is similar to the Book of Mormon published by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), but the versification is different. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Community of Christ The Community of Christ, known from 1872 to 2001 as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS), is an American-based international church, and is the second-largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement. The church reports 250,000 members in 1,100 congregations in 59 countries. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Community of Christ While carefully built upon the many differing stewardship principles in both overall Christian and specific Community of Christ traditions, the new thinking emphasizes a natural generosity in all of life lived as response to the overwhelming and incomparable generosity of God. As such, tithing is not limited to World Church giving as in the past, or even to the church at all. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Community of Christ In contrast, the Christian Church may consider any practice not expressly forbidden. For example, the aforementioned Christian Church uses musical instruments in worship, whereas the Churches of Christ believe a cappella singing to be proper, although some Church of Christ congregations do use instruments. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Churches of Christ "Church of Christ" is the most common name used by this group. In keeping with their non-denominational focus, recently some congregations have identified themselves primarily as community churches and secondarily as Churches of Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Churches of Christ More traditional Church of Christ hymns commonly are in the style of gospel hymnody. The hymnal Great Songs of the Church, which was first published in 1921 and has had many subsequent editions, is widely used. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Churches of Christ In the early 1980s, the focus of the movement moved to Boston, Massachusetts where Kip McKean and the Boston Church of Christ became prominently associated with the trend. With the national leadership located in Boston, during the 1980s it commonly became known as the "Boston movement". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Churches of Christ The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Catholic Church It holds that salvation cannot be obtained without Christ. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Solus Christus The United Church of Christ is a historical continuation of the General Council of Congregational Christian churches founded under the influence of New England Pilgrims and Puritans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ In 2015, Pew Research estimated that 0.4 percent, or 1 million adult adherents, of the U.S. population self-identify with the United Church of Christ. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ In 2001, Hartford Institute for Religion Research did a "Faith Communities Today" (FACT) study that included a survey of United Church of Christ beliefs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ On October 17, 2015, representatives of the United Church of Christ and the United Church of Canada came together in Niagara Falls, Ontario to sign an historic full communion agreement. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ The main offices of the Covenanted ministries are at the "Church House", the United Church of Christ national headquarters at 700 Prospect Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ The starred '*' ministries are carried out through the Common Global Ministries Board, a joint instrumentality of the United Church of Christ and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), based in Indianapolis, Indiana. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ The IB administers a property insurance, liability insurance, and risk management program serving the United Church of Christ, the Presbyterian Church(USA), and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) churches and related entities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ At the 2003 General Synod, the United Church of Christ began a campaign with "emphasis on expanding the UCC's name-brand identity through modern advertising and marketing". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ In 1982 the World Council of Churches published "Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry", a document that has served as a foundation for many ecumenical recognition agreements. As a WCC member church, the United Church of Christ issued a response as part of the process to work toward a statement of common theological perspectives. --- (0.09, 0.03, 0.06) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ facilitates bilateral dialogues with many faith groups, including members of the Jewish and Muslim communities. This includes membership in the National Muslim-Christian Initiative. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ Local churches also are members of larger Conferences, of which there are 36 in the United Church of Christ. A conference typically contains multiple associations; if no associations exist within its boundaries, the conference exercises the functions of the association as well. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ has a highly educated membership, with 46% of members holding graduate or post-graduate degrees. Only Episcopalians (56%) and Anglicans (60%) ranked higher. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United Church of Christ Many Holiness Christian groups and fellowships forming at the time wanted biblical names for their local churches and fellowships, such as "Church of God, Church of Christ, or Church of the Living God". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ The beliefs of the Church of God in Christ are briefly written in its Statement of Faith, which is reproduced below: It is often recited in various congregations as part of the order of worship and all national and international convocations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ COGIC Bishop Alvin A. Childs of the Faith Temple Church of God in Christ (later renamed Child's Memorial in his honor) was the clergyman who finally opened his doors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ The civil structure of the Church of God in Christ includes a president, First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, general secretary, General Treasurer, and the Financial Secretary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ Later in 1897, while in Little Rock, Arkansas, C. H. Mason stated that God had given him such a name for the group, the "Church of God in Christ". He believed that the name, taken from 1 Thessalonians 2:14, was divinely revealed and biblically inspired. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ Mason was given authority to lead the new denomination. In 1907, with ten congregations, The Church of God in Christ became the first legally chartered Pentecostal body incorporated in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of God in Christ On February 25, 1965, when Malcolm X was assassinated and the family needed a place for his funeral, no major black church or facility would open their doors for the service. COGIC Bishop Alvin A. Childs of the Faith Temple Church of God in Christ (later renamed Child's Memorial in his honor) was the clergyman who finally opened his doors. --- (0.09, 0.03, 0.06) Church of God in Christ Holy Temple COGIC was the first church to open its doors to the garbage workers. On April 3, 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I've Been To The Mountaintop" speech, at Mason Temple Church Of God In Christ in Memphis. --- (0.09, 0.03, 0.06) Church of God in Christ Today the CR ministry continues to flourish especially in larger cities like Seattle, where a thriving group led by Paul Martin (a Deacon of the Seattle Church of Christ Family) holds a monthly open house. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) International Churches of Christ By 1979 his ministry grew from a few individuals to over three hundred making it the fastest growing Church of Christ campus ministry in America. McKean then moved to Massachusetts, where he took over the leadership of the Lexington Church of Christ (soon to be called the Boston Church of Christ). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) International Churches of Christ Meanwhile, the center of the new philosophy of ministry training and evangelism began to shift from Florida to Massachusetts. Moreover, the relationship between The Boston Church of Christ and larger CoC became more and more strained. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) International Churches of Christ For example, the "Independent Christian Church" will not accept a woman as a minister while some of the "Disciples of Christ" congregations will. These different congregations (Disciples of Christ, Church of Christ, and Independent Church) share many of the same beliefs and practices but there are, in fact, some differences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) "Under the design, all churches in the 1968 yearbook of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) were automatically recognized as part of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). In the years that followed, many of the Independent Christian Church Congregations requested formal withdrawal from the yearbook. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Disciples have two full communion partners: the United Church of Christ, since 1989, and the United Church of Canada, since 2019. These three denominations all share mutual full communion with each other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) CUIM describes these partnerships as the proclamation of "mutual recognition of their sacraments and ordained ministry." Ordained Disciple ministers are able to directly serve in the United Church of Christ without having to seek additional qualifications. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In 2011, the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) stated that "Disciples do not have a formal policy on same-sex marriage. Different congregations have the autonomy to discern on issues such as this one". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) (English: Christ conquers, Christ reigns, Christ commands). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Laudes Regiæ Church of Christ (Whitmerite) – A denomination, founded in 1847 and reformed 1871, based on the claims of David Whitmer, one of the Three Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of Christ Church of Christ (David Clark) – Also known as "Lion of God Ministry". Clark broke from the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in November 1985. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Church of Christ Christ Church (Latin: Ædes Christi, the temple or house, ædēs, of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. Christ Church has produced 13 British prime ministers out of the 28 educated at Oxford (the highest number of any college at Oxford or Cambridge). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford In former times this was done at midnight, signalling the close of all college gates throughout Oxford. Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Since it took 20 minutes to ring the 101, Christ Church gates, unlike those of other colleges, did not close until 12:20. When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Until the later 19th century, the Students differed from fellows in that they had no governing powers in their own college, as those resided solely with the dean and chapter. The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church sits in approximately 175 acres (71 hectares) of land. This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford The college gardens, quadrangles, and meadow are Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. Christ Church has a number of architecturally significant buildings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. The cathedral also hosts visiting choirs from time to time during vacations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christ Church, Oxford By 2021, the Corporation of the Presiding Bishop and Corporation of the President had been merged into one corporate entity, legally named The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Collectively, they are called the Latter Day Saint movement. The largest of these smaller groups is the Community of Christ, based in Independence, Missouri, followed by The Church of Jesus Christ, based in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints These congregations share historical roots with other, similarly named congregations within the Restoration Movement, including congregations organized within formal fellowships, such as the "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)" or the "Churches of Christ". The congregations discussed in this article, however, have chosen to remain fully autonomous. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian churches and churches of Christ By this time the division between liberals and conservatives was well established. The official separation between the independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) is difficult to date. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Christian churches and churches of Christ The Community of Christ states that "God loves each of us equally and unconditionally. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Community of Christ However, not all Churches of Christ abstain from instruments. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Churches of Christ Some see divisions in the movement as the result of the tension between the goals of restoration and ecumenism, with the a cappella Churches of Christ and Christian churches and churches of Christ resolving the tension by stressing Bible authority, while the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) resolved the tension by stressing ecumenism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Churches of Christ The Crossroads Movement later spread into some other Churches of Christ. One of Lucas' converts, Kip McKean, moved to the Boston area in 1979 and began working with "would-be disciples" in the Lexington Church of Christ. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Churches of Christ One of Lucas' converts, Kip McKean, moved to the Boston area in 1979 and began working with "would-be disciples" in the Lexington Church of Christ. He asked them to "redefine their commitment to Christ," and introduced the use of discipling partners. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Churches of Christ These are collectively known as the Four Marks of the Church. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Catholic Church This is because it is considered the propitiatory sacrifice of Christ himself. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Catholic Church The Catholic Church teaches that, immediately after death, the soul of each person will receive a particular judgement from God, based on their sins and their relationship to Christ. This teaching also attests to another day when Christ will sit in universal judgement of all mankind. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Catholic Church The liturgy of the sacrament of the Eucharist, called the Mass in the West and Divine Liturgy or other names in the East, is the principal liturgy of the Catholic Church. This is because it is considered the propitiatory sacrifice of Christ himself. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Catholic Church Currently, the UCC has entered into an ecumenical partnership with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and through A Formula of Agreement, signed in 1997, is in full communion with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Presbyterian Church (USA), and the Reformed Church in America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ United Church Funds (UCF), formerly known as The United Church Foundation, provides low cost, socially responsible, professionally managed Common Investment Funds (CIFs) and other trustee services to any setting of the United Church of Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ, along with the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, created the Our Whole Lives curriculum (commonly known as OWL), which is a lifespan, comprehensive, inclusive, and developmentally appropriate sexuality education program. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ Robin Meyers – author, peace activist, and philosophy professor who served as Senior Minister of Mayflower Congregational United Church of Christ in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma from 1985 to 2020 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ However, United Church of Christ congregations are independent in matters of doctrine and ministry and may not necessarily support the national body's theological or moral stances. It self-describes as "an extremely pluralistic and diverse denomination". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ UCC is generally theologically liberal, and the denomination notes that the "Bible, though written in specific historical times and places, still speaks to us in our present condition". The motto of the United Church of Christ comes from John 17:21: "That they may all be one". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ In 2006, the UCC had roughly 1.2 million members in 5,452 churches. According to its 2008 annual report, the United Church of Christ had about 1.1 million members in about 5,300 local congregations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ According to its 2008 annual report, the United Church of Christ had about 1.1 million members in about 5,300 local congregations. However the 2010 annual report showed a decline of 31,000 members and a loss of 33 congregations since then. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ "These colleges continue to relate to the United Church of Christ through the Council for Higher Education, but chose not to affirm the purposes of the Council. Though in many respects similar to the colleges and universities that have full membership in the Council, these institutions tend to be less intentional about their relationships with the United Church of Christ." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United Church of Christ The current Presiding Bishop is Bishop John Drew Sheard Sr., who is the Senior Pastor of the Greater Emmanuel Institutional Church of God in Christ of Detroit, Michigan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ In 1915, after years of court litigation over the name of the organization and use of the name "Church of God in Christ" by the two groups; Mason's group was granted the use of the name and Jones's group organized a legally chartered Holiness body called the Church of Christ (Holiness) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Bishop Ozro Thurston Jones Sr. was pastor of the Holy Temple Church of God in Christ in Philadelphia and the Jurisdictional Bishop of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Jurisdiction. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Humanity can only be restored through salvation offered only through Jesus Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Together they traveled across the country proclaiming the Gospel of Jesus Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Bishop Blake said, "The Church of God in Christ does not compromise its stance against homosexuality as the Word of God condemns it as sin, but "this preacher's" (referring to Earl Carter) comments were unacceptably offensive and uncalled for, and will not be tolerated by the Church of God in Christ or its leadership." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ At its first convocation held in 1897, the group identified simply as the "Church of God." Many Holiness Christian groups and fellowships forming at the time wanted biblical names for their local churches and fellowships, such as "Church of God, Church of Christ, or Church of the Living God". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Many Holiness Christian groups and fellowships forming at the time wanted biblical names for their local churches and fellowships, such as "Church of God, Church of Christ, or Church of the Living God". They rejected denominational names such as Baptist, Methodist, or Episcopal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Since so many new holiness groups and fellowships were forming that used the name "Church of God," C. H. Mason sought a name to distinguish his Holiness group from others. Later in 1897, while in Little Rock, Arkansas, C. H. Mason stated that God had given him such a name for the group, the "Church of God in Christ". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ As Pentecostals, the Church believes that demons can be subdued and subjugated through the power of the Holy Spirit in the name of Jesus Christ. COGIC teaches that man was created perfect and sinless in the image of God as a tripartite being having a body, soul, and spirit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ The civil structure of the Church of God in Christ includes a president, First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, general secretary, General Treasurer, and the Financial Secretary. All officers are elected by the General Assembly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ He also instituted the Annual Prayer Breakfast, conducted Evangelistic Crusades across the country and developed the Church of God in Christ National Evangelist Registry. Battles served as president until his death in December 1996. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of God in Christ Chilwell Olympia is a sports centre in Chilwell, near Nottingham. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell Olympia Chilwell Olympia is also home to the Nottinghamshire Badminton Association. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell Olympia Specifically, it was born from a "discipling" movement that arose among the mainline Churches of Christ during the 1970s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ The International Churches of Christ leaders apologized for alienating the Churches of Christ and implying they were not Christians. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ The cornerstone of our faith is our belief in Jesus Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ completed a degree while training at Crossroads and afterward served as campus minister at several mainline Churches of Christ locations. By 1979 his ministry grew from a few individuals to over three hundred making it the fastest growing Church of Christ campus ministry in America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ While still a Church of Christ congregation, they differentiated themselves through high levels of commitment, accountability, mentorship and a numerical focus on conversions. Meanwhile, the center of the new philosophy of ministry training and evangelism began to shift from Florida to Massachusetts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ The ICOC like the Christian Church, in contrast to the CoC, consider permissible practices that the New Testament does not expressly forbid. Pepperdine University, affiliated with mainline Churches of Christ, published a document in 2010 highlighting the core beliefs of the ICOC that are shared with its mainline counterpart: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ Today the CR ministry continues to flourish especially in larger cities like Seattle, where a thriving group led by Paul Martin (a Deacon of the Seattle Church of Christ Family) holds a monthly open house. The following institutions are operated or managed by the ICOC: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Churches of Christ Thus, the remnants of the Springfield Presbytery became the Christian Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) It is estimated that the Christian Church numbered about 12,000 by 1830. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) With the building it then constructed at Brush Run, it became known as Brush Run Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Alexander Campbell insisted upon "Disciples of Christ". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Currently there are 31 regions of the Christian Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) In the 21st century, the relationship between the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and its affiliated universities is the purview of Higher Education and Leadership Ministries (HELM), an agency of the General Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) It is often referred to as The Christian Church, The Disciples of Christ, The Disciples, or the DOC. The Christian Church was a charter participant in the formation of the World Council of Churches (WCC) and of the Federal Council of Churches (now the National Council of Churches), and it continues to be engaged in ecumenical conversations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Roman buildings, pottery and coins have been found in Chilwell. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell Chilwell has had a long-standing non-conformist population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell 20: Nottingham – Beeston – Chilwell – Ilkeston – --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell The Chilwell Methodist Church was founded in 1798 as the Methodist First Connection Chapel at Hallams Lane. Its Sunday School (provided jointly with local Baptists) provided the first free education for the poor of the area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell Pure Church of Christ – First schismatic sect in the Latter Day Saint movement, this denomination was organized in 1831 in Kirtland, Ohio, by Wycam Clark and Northrop Sweet and is now extinct. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Christ Church of Christ (Hiram Page), an extinct Latter Day Saint denomination organized in 1842 by Hiram Page, one of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon's golden plates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Christ There is no such thing as the college without its head ... and in the college the head preserves intact his function as Vicar of Christ and pastor of the universal Church. In other words it is not a distinction between the Roman Pontiff and the bishops taken together, but between the Roman Pontiff by himself and the Roman Pontiff along with the bishops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christus Dominus Christ Church, formally titled "The Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Christ in Oxford of the Foundation of King Henry the Eighth", is the only academic institution in the world which is also a cathedral, the seat (cathedra) of the Bishop of Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford In recent years, the choir have commissioned recorded works by contemporary composers such as John Tavener, William Mathias and Howard Goodall, also patron of Christ Church Music Society. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford Prominent philosophers including John Locke, John Rawls, A. J. Ayer, Gilbert Ryle, Michael Dummett, John Searle and Daniel Dennett studied at Christ Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The buildings have inspired replicas throughout the world in addition to being featured in films such as Harry Potter and The Golden Compass. This has helped Christ Church become the most popular Oxford college for tourists with almost half a million visitors annually. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The Visitor of Christ Church is the reigning British sovereign (currently Queen Elizabeth II), and the Bishop of Oxford is unique among English bishops in not being the Visitor of his own cathedral. The head of the college is the Dean of Christ Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford A Censor Theologiae is also appointed to act as the dean's deputy; this post is currently held by Professor Ian Watson. The form "Christ Church College" is considered incorrect, in part because it ignores the cathedral, an integral part of the unique dual foundation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The adults are made up of lay clerks and choral scholars, or academical clerks. The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. Aside from the director, there is also a sub-organist and two organ scholars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The college choir, however, is always a student-run society, and sings Evensong once a week in term time. In vacations the services are sung by the Cathedral Singers of Christ Church - a choir drawn from semi-professional singers in and around Oxford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford There is a college lending library that supplements the university libraries (many of which are non-lending). Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. The college beagle pack (Christ Church and Farley Hill Beagles), which was formerly one of several undergraduate packs in Oxford, is no longer formally connected with the college or the university but continues to be staffed and followed by some Oxford undergraduates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. On occasion, the golfer would win and, on occasion, I would win. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christ Church, Oxford However, Church members self-identify as Christians. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The largest of these smaller groups is the Community of Christ, based in Independence, Missouri, followed by The Church of Jesus Christ, based in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. Like the LDS Church, these faiths believe in Joseph Smith as a prophet and founder of their religion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints It is in these and formed out of them that the one and unique Catholic Church exists." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites From the 1960s on, newer unaffiliated missionary organizations like the Christian Missionary Fellowship (today, Christian Missionary Fellowship International) were working more on a national scale to rally Christian Church/Church of Christ congregations in international missions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ Churches in this tradition are strongly congregationalist and have no formal denominational ties, and thus there is no proper name that is agreed to apply to the movement as a whole. Most (but not all) congregations in this tradition include the words "Christian Church" or "Church of Christ" in their congregational name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ [City, Community, or Other Location Name]. " In recent history, individual congregations have made the decision to change their formal name to break with traditional nomenclature and to adopt more generic names like "Christ's Church [of/at] --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ " In recent history, individual congregations have made the decision to change their formal name to break with traditional nomenclature and to adopt more generic names like "Christ's Church [of/at] [City Name]", "[City Name] Community Christian Church", or "[City Name] Community Fellowship". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Christian churches and churches of Christ The Community of Christ view of scripture is that it should be "reasonably interpreted and faithfully applied. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Community of Christ "Scripture has been given a place in the Community of Christ theology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Community of Christ The Community of Christ does not prescribe a single translation of the Bible. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Community of Christ The Community of Christ does not view scripture, including the Bible, as inerrant. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Community of Christ Church teachings emphasize that "all are called" as "persons of worth" to "share the peace of Christ". Community of Christ worship follows a free-form worship placing more of the foundation on scripture based on the Revised Common Lectionary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Community of Christ The Chilwell memorial received a Grade II listing in 1987. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chilwell Filling Factory Memorial In contrast, the Christian Church may consider any practice not expressly forbidden. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ generally share the following theological beliefs and practices: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ hold to the priesthood of all believers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Historically, three hermeneutic approaches have been used among Churches of Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ generally teach that the process of salvation involves the following steps: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ One must be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ (Acts 2:38); and --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ do tend to elaborate certain "driving motifs". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ The Crossroads Movement later spread into some other Churches of Christ. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ He asked them to "redefine their commitment to Christ," and introduced the use of discipling partners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ grew up independently in several locations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ The Association of Churches of Christ in Britain disbanded in 1980. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ House to House Heart to Heart – a printed outreach affiliated with the Churches of Christ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ List of universities and colleges affiliated with the Churches of Christ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ This new designation formalized a division that was already in existence between those involved with the Crossroads/Boston Movement and "mainline" Churches of Christ. Other names that have been used for this movement include the "Crossroads movement," "Multiplying Ministries," the "Discipling Movement" and the "Boston Church of Christ". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ Currently, the Restoration Movement is not as divided in Australia as it is in the United States. There have been strong ties with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), but many conservative ministers and congregations associate with the Christian churches and churches of Christ instead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Churches of Christ The new government also created the Patriotic Church and appointed its bishops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church When Chinese churches eventually reopened, they remained under the control of the Patriotic Church. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church While the Latin Church's canons do not explicitly use the term, it is tacitly recognised as equivalent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church As of 2008, the Catholic Church has 2,795 dioceses. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church Christ, therefore, is understood as being both fully divine and fully human, including possessing a human soul. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church In the Latin Church, the priesthood is generally restricted to celibate men, and the episcopate is always restricted to celibate men. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church Certain dissenting Catholic groups oppose the position of the Catholic Church and seek to change it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church The Christian religion is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ, who lived and preached in the 1st century AD in the province of Judea of the Roman Empire. Catholic theology teaches that the contemporary Catholic Church is the continuation of this early Christian community established by Jesus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Catholic Church Chilwell School (formerly known as Chilwell Comprehensive School) is a secondary school located in Chilwell, near Nottingham, England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell School The United Church of Christ (UCC) is a mainline Protestant Christian denomination based in the United States, with historical and confessional roots in the Congregational, Reformed, Lutheran, and Anabaptist traditions, and with approximately 4,852 churches and 802,356 members. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Baptism as an "entry into the Church Universal" was the most frequent response. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Conferences are supported financially through local churches' contribution to "Our Church's Wider Mission" (formerly "Our Christian World Mission"), the United Church of Christ's denominational support system; unlike most associations, they usually have permanent headquarters and professional staff. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The position of Executive Minister of Local Church Ministries is vacant. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The Pension Boards of the United Church of Christ (PB-UCC) operates the employee benefits systems for all settings of the United Church of Christ, including health, dental, and optical insurance, retirement annuity/pension systems, disability and life insurance, and ministerial assistance programs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ United Church Funds' offices are also located in New York City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Michael Downs of the United Church of Christ Pension Boards (who would be charged with implementing any divestment of the UCC's Pension Board investments) wrote a letter to UCC President John H. Thomas expressing concern "with the precedent-setting implications of voted actions, integrity of process and trust". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Plymouth Church Seattle – is an historic congregation located in downtown Seattle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ is a historical continuation of the General Council of Congregational Christian churches founded under the influence of New England Pilgrims and Puritans. Moreover, it also subsumed the third largest Reformed group in the country, the German Reformed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ At the end of 2014, the UCC's 5,116 congregations claimed 979,239 members, primarily in the U.S. In 2015, Pew Research estimated that 0.4 percent, or 1 million adult adherents, of the U.S. population self-identify with the United Church of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ In 2015, Pew Research estimated that 0.4 percent, or 1 million adult adherents, of the U.S. population self-identify with the United Church of Christ. The UCC maintains full communion with other mainline Protestant denominations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ was formed when two Protestant churches, the Evangelical and Reformed Church and the General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches united in 1957. This union adopted an earlier general statement of unity between the two denominations, the 1943 "Basis of Union". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The Pension Boards offices are located in New York City, where the headquarters of all UCC national bodies had been located prior to their move to Ohio in the early 1990s. The Insurance Board is a nonprofit corporation collectively "owned" by the Conferences of the United Church of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The Insurance Board is a nonprofit corporation collectively "owned" by the Conferences of the United Church of Christ. It is run by a president/CEO and a 19-member Board, with the full corporate board consisting of Conference, Region and Presbytery ministers as well as laypeople. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ United Church Funds (UCF), formerly known as The United Church Foundation, provides low cost, socially responsible, professionally managed Common Investment Funds (CIFs) and other trustee services to any setting of the United Church of Christ. United Church Funds' offices are also located in New York City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Campaign materials, including print and broadcast advertising as well as merchandise, featured the quote and a large comma with a visual theme in red and black. United Church of Christ congregations were asked to opt into the campaign, signifying their support as well as their willingness to receive training on hospitality and evangelism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ The highest membership rates are in the states of Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine, situated in the heartland of the American Congregationalist movement. The United Church of Christ has a highly educated membership, with 46% of members holding graduate or post-graduate degrees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ Zion United Church of Christ – formerly known as the High German Evangelical Reformed Church and founded in 1762 in Allentown, Pennsylvania, Zion UCC is sometimes known as the Liberty Bell Church. In 1777, eleven bells were brought there from Philadelphia for safe‑keeping during the Revolutionary War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United Church of Christ A prominent Methodist Church was built by the architect W. J. Morley of Bradford in Chilwell Road in 1902. Its landmark spire became more visible after the demolition of several large mill buildings in the 1990s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Beeston, Nottinghamshire At its first convocation held in 1897, the group identified simply as the "Church of God." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ Another body operating under the same name Church of God in Christ, International, split and organized in the Northeast area under Bishop R. T. Jones of Philadelphia and later Bishop C. E. Williams, Sr. of Brooklyn, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ It includes not only those who are members of COGIC, but all believers who have placed their faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ On April 3, 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I've Been To The Mountaintop" speech, at Mason Temple Church Of God In Christ in Memphis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ " Church mothers have historically served as the leader of the women's ministries in the local congregations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ The international headquarters is in Memphis, Tennessee. The current Presiding Bishop is Bishop John Drew Sheard Sr., who is the Senior Pastor of the Greater Emmanuel Institutional Church of God in Christ of Detroit, Michigan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ The current Presiding Bishop is Bishop John Drew Sheard Sr., who is the Senior Pastor of the Greater Emmanuel Institutional Church of God in Christ of Detroit, Michigan. He was elected as the denomination's leader on March 20, 2021. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ This Holiness group/fellowship adopted the name Church of God in Christ, and COGIC began to develop congregations throughout the South. C. P. Jones was elected the General Overseer, C. H. Mason was selected as Overseer of Tennessee, and J. A. Jeter was selected as Overseer of Arkansas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ In 1907, with ten congregations, The Church of God in Christ became the first legally chartered Pentecostal body incorporated in the United States. C. P. Jones and those Holiness leaders who did not embrace the Azusa Revival experience continued as Holiness churches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ Bishop Ozro Thurston Jones Sr. was pastor of the Holy Temple Church of God in Christ in Philadelphia and the Jurisdictional Bishop of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Jurisdiction. Bishop Jones was the only living bishop of the five original bishops consecrated by Bishop Mason. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ After the death of Bishop Mason, he assumed leadership as the Senior Bishop of the Church of God in Christ. In 1964 however, disagreement between the authority of the Senior Bishop and the executive board, led by Bishop A. B. McEwen, came to a head and was addressed at the 57th Holy Convocation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ Bishop J. D. HusbandSeveral bishops disagreed with the new organizational structure; they severed ties with COGIC to start their own organizations. The most notable rift occurred in 1969, when fourteen bishops met in Evanston, Illinois, to form the Church of God in Christ, International. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ During his administration, Battles organized Regions to oversee evangelistic ministry in various regional areas across the country. He also instituted the Annual Prayer Breakfast, conducted Evangelistic Crusades across the country and developed the Church of God in Christ National Evangelist Registry. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ Mother Lillian Coffey appointed Mother Reatha Herndon as president of the National Women's Evangelist Board in 1951. Herndon and her twin sister Leatha were pioneers of the evangelistic work of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of God in Christ In the 75th minute, Sterling passed to Jesus, but the ball was cleared by Chilwell. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2021 UEFA Champions League Final There are a number of branches of the Restoration movement and the ICoC was formed from within the Churches of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Churches of Christ The ICOC teaches that "Christians are saved by the grace of God, through faith in Christ, at baptism." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Churches of Christ All are encouraged to invite guests as a way for the guest to be introduced to the Church in a more informal setting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Churches of Christ In 2000, it was described as "[a] fast-growing Christian organization known for aggressive proselytizing to [US] college students" and as "one of the most controversial religious groups on campus". The largest congregation, the Los Angeles Church of Christ, has over 6000 members. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Churches of Christ In 1967, Chuck Lucas was minister of the 14th Street Church of Christ in Gainesville, Florida (later renamed the Crossroads Church of Christ). That year he started a new project known as Campus Advance (based on principles borrowed from the Campus Crusade and the Shepherding Movement). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ This activity became identified by many with the forces of radical change in the larger American society that characterized the late sixties and seventies. The campus ministry in Gainesville thrived and sustained strong support from the elders of the local congregation in the 'Crossroads Church of Christ'. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Churches of Christ The Churches of Christ permitted only those practices found in accounts of New Testament worship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Following the 1906 separation by the Churches of Christ, additional controversies arose. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Many of those congregations became part of the Christian churches and churches of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Disciples celebrate their oneness with all who seek God through Jesus Christ, throughout time and regardless of location. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Disciples has been a full participant in the Consultation on Church Union since it began in the 1960s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) It continues to support those ongoing conversations which have taken on the title Churches Uniting in Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Churches of Christ and Christian churches and churches of Christ, which separated from the Disciples in 1906 and 1968, respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Soon, they adopted the name "Christian" to identify their group. Thus, the remnants of the Springfield Presbytery became the Christian Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Thus, the remnants of the Springfield Presbytery became the Christian Church. It is estimated that the Christian Church numbered about 12,000 by 1830. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Stone wanted to continue to use the name "Christians." Alexander Campbell insisted upon "Disciples of Christ". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) The Commission on Restructure, chaired by Granville T. Walker, held its first meeting on October 30 & November 1, 1962. In 1968, the International Convention of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ) adopted the commission's proposed "Provisional Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Additionally, the Disciples combined their overseas ministries with the United Church of Christ in 1996. Known as Global Ministries, it is a common agency of both denominations with a joint staff and is a continuance of decades of cooperative work in global missions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Disciples recognize the ordinations of the United Church of Christ as do they for Disciples. A General Commission on the Order of Ministry exists to interpret and review definitions of ministry, give oversight to Regions and congregations, provide other support, and maintain the standing of Regional Ministers and Ministers of General (National) Ministries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) It is also affiliated with other ecumenical organizations such as Churches Uniting in Christ, Christian Churches Together, the National Council of Churches and the World Council of Churches. It maintains Ordained Ministerial Partner Standing with the United Church of Christ, which means that clergy ordained in the Disciples of Christ may also serve in the United Church of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Chilwell was originally a hamlet on the road from Nottingham to Ashby-de-la-Zouch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell Suburban development spread gradually from Beeston along Chilwell High Road. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell Chilwell had a number of pubs in its centre on Chilwell High Road. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell Chilwell Manor Golf Club was established in 1906 on land formerly belonging to the Manor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell It shares a site and facilities with the Chilwell Olympia Sports Centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell At the 2011 Census Chilwell had 2 wards (East and West). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell Indigo: Nottingham – Beeston – Chilwell – Long Eaton – Derby --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell 18: Nottingham – QMC – Beeston – Chilwell – Stapleford --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell 510: Beeston – Chilwell – Attenborough – Toton – Stapleford --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chilwell Several of Christ Church's deans achieved high academic distinction, notably Owen under the Commonwealth, Aldrich and Fell in the Restoration period, Jackson and Gaisford in the early 19th century and Liddell in the high Victorian era. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford As well as rooms for accommodation, the buildings of Christ Church include the cathedral, one of the smallest in England, which also acts as the college chapel, a great hall, two libraries, two bars, and separate common rooms for dons, graduates and undergraduates. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford When the ringing was moved back to 9:00 pm, Christ Church gates still remained open until 12.20, 20 minutes later than any other college. Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Although the clock itself now shows GMT/BST, Christ Church still follows Oxford time in the timings of services in the cathedral. King Charles I made the Deanery his palace and held his Parliament in the Great Hall during the English Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The governing body of Christ Church now has around 60 members. Serving alongside the seven members of Chapter, the other members include statutory professors and associate professors with joint appointments (employed both by the University and Christ Church) as well as early-career Career Development Fellows on fixed-term contracts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. The meadow itself is inhabited by English Longhorn cattle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The choir was all male until 2019, when they welcomed alto Elizabeth Nurse, the first female clerk of Christ Church Cathedral Choir. The boys, whose ages range from eight to thirteen, are chosen for their musical ability and attend Christ Church Cathedral School. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Law students have the additional facility of the college law library, which has received large financial supplements from Christ Church law graduates. Most undergraduate tutorials are carried out in the college, though for some specialist subjects undergraduates may be sent to tutors in other colleges. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The sports ground is mainly used for netball, cricket, tennis, rugby and football and includes Christ Church cricket ground. In recent years the Christ Church Netball Club, which competes on the inter-college level in both mixed and women's matches, has become known as a popular and inclusive sport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford Rowing and punting is carried out by the boat-house across Christ Church Meadow - the Christ Church Boat Club is traditionally strong at rowing, having been Head of the River more times than any other. The college also owns its own punts which may be borrowed by students or dons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christ Church, Oxford The goal was referred to the VAR, who deemed Chilwell was offside in the build-up but the goal was disallowed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2021 FA Cup Final Nevertheless, the LDS Church still wielded significant political power in the Utah Territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church's positions regarding homosexuality, women, and black people have all been publicly debated during this timeframe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The LDS Church shares various teachings with other branches of Christianity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Nevertheless, the LDS Church differs from other churches within contemporary Christianity in other ways. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints LDS Church theology includes the belief in a Godhead composed of God the Father, his son, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost as three separate Persons who share a unity of purpose or will; however, they are viewed as three distinct Beings making one Godhead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints This view on the doctrine of theosis is also referred to as becoming a "joint-heir with Christ". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Church members generally do not share details about temple ordinances with outsiders, or even converse about them outside the temple itself. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The LDS Church is organized in a hierarchical priesthood structure administered by men. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints LDS Church influence in the area — both cultural and political — is considered relatively strong. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Further distinguishing these congregations is their use of instrumental music within their worship, unlike the "Churches of Christ" who do not use instrumental music. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ [City Name]", "[City Name] Community Christian Church", or "[City Name] Community Fellowship". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ foreshadowed in the Old Testament ceremonial washings, now fulfilled in a believer's shared experience with Christ --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ entry into the body of Christ at large, and hence, the only viable entry into the membership of a local congregation of the Independent Christian Churches and Churches of Christ (as in the Church of Christ (non-instrumental), a candidate for membership is not usually required to be re-baptized if they have previously been "baptized into Christ" in accordance with the above general understanding and/or guidelines) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ The separation of the independent Christian churches and churches of Christ from the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) (DoC) occurred over an extended period of time. The roots of the separation date back to a polarization that occurred during the early twentieth century as the result of three significant controversies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ An existing brotherhood journal, the Christian Standard, also served as a source of cohesion for these congregations. From the 1960s on, newer unaffiliated missionary organizations like the Christian Missionary Fellowship (today, Christian Missionary Fellowship International) were working more on a national scale to rally Christian Church/Church of Christ congregations in international missions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ From the 1960s on, newer unaffiliated missionary organizations like the Christian Missionary Fellowship (today, Christian Missionary Fellowship International) were working more on a national scale to rally Christian Church/Church of Christ congregations in international missions. By this time the division between liberals and conservatives was well established. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Christian churches and churches of Christ Church teachings emphasize that "all are called" as "persons of worth" to "share the peace of Christ". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ "The Community of Christ generally accepts the doctrine of the Trinity and other commonly held Christian beliefs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Community of Christ teaches that the "one eternal living God is triune.” --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ Jesus Christ is described as both Savior and as a living expression of God and is acknowledged as having lived, died, and been resurrected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The willingness to love and the acceptance of others is essential to faithfulness to the gospel of Christ." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ "The president of the Community of Christ is sometimes referred to by the titles of Prophet or Prophet-President. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The concept of Zion in the Community of Christ relates to a theology of the "kingdom of God". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Community of Christ commonly attests that "all are called according to the gifts of God unto them" (D&C 119:8b). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ Priesthood members are called to teach and preach the gospel or "good news" of Jesus Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ In unity with Christianity, the Community of Christ upholds the Bible as scripture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Community of Christ also publishes a 1966 "Revised Authorized Edition" which attempts to modernize some of the language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Community of Christ has made efforts to reconcile with traditional Christianity and to reach out to other Christians. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Community of Christ is led by a First Presidency, consisting of a president and two counselors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ Meeting together, these three quorums are known as the World Church Leadership Council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ The Authorized Edition is based on the original printer's manuscript and the 1837 Second Edition (or Kirtland Edition) of the Book of Mormon. Its content is similar to the Book of Mormon published by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), but the versification is different. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ Its content is similar to the Book of Mormon published by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), but the versification is different. The Community of Christ also publishes a 1966 "Revised Authorized Edition" which attempts to modernize some of the language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Community of Christ Most members of the Churches of Christ live outside the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ had a presence in 2,429 counties, placing them fifth behind the United Methodist Church, Catholic Church, Southern Baptist Convention and Assemblies of God – but the average number of adherents per county was low at 677. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ This statement essentially echoes the words of Jesus Christ in John 17:21, 23. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ are linked by their shared commitment to Biblical restoration principles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ There is, however, a small segment of Churches of Christ who oppose the "located minister" concept (see below). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ While there is an identifiable mainstream within the Churches of Christ, there are also significant variations within the fellowship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ As a result, most divisions among Churches of Christ have been the result of "methodological" disputes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ generally see the Bible as historically accurate and literal, unless scriptural context obviously indicates otherwise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Some argued that it fostered legalism, and advocated instead a hermeneutic based on the character of God, Christ and the Holy Spirit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ hold the view that humans of accountable age are lost because they have committed sins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ These lost souls can be redeemed because Jesus Christ, the Son of God, offered himself as the atoning sacrifice. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ argue that historically immersion was the mode used in the first century, and that pouring and sprinkling emerged later. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ While Churches of Christ do not describe baptism as a "sacrament", their view of it can legitimately be described as "sacramental". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ As such, Churches of Christ have typically practiced a cappella music in worship services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ avoid the term "theology", preferring instead the term "doctrine": theology is what humans say about the Bible; doctrine is simply what the Bible says. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Many leaders argue that the Churches of Christ only follow the Bible and have no "theology". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ The churches of Christ maintain a significant proportion of political diversity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ In 1968, at the International Convention of Christian Churches (Disciples of Christ), those Christian Churches that favored a denominational structure, wished to be more ecumenical, and also accepted more of the modern liberal theology of various denominations, adopted a new "provisional design" for their work together, becoming the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ The International Churches of Christ had their roots in a "discipling" movement that arose among the mainline Churches of Christ during the 1970s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ The name "Churches of Christ" was formally adopted at an annual meeting in 1870. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ The Fellowship developed ties with the Christian churches and churches of Christ during the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Notable Churches of Christ hymn writers have included Albert Brumley ("I'll Fly Away") and Tillit S. Teddlie ("Worthy Art Thou"). More traditional Church of Christ hymns commonly are in the style of gospel hymnody. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ The hymnal Great Songs of the Church, which was first published in 1921 and has had many subsequent editions, is widely used. While the more conservative and traditional Churches of Christ do not use instruments, since the early 2000s about 20 in the U.S., typically larger congregations, have introduced instruments in place of a strictly a cappella style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Churches of Christ Napoleon later re-established the Catholic Church in France through the Concordat of 1801. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church It intended to engage the Church more closely with the present world (aggiornamento), which was described by its advocates as an "opening of the windows". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church Currently, the 1983 Code of Canon Law is in effect for the Latin Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church By reconciling with God and following Christ's words and deeds, an individual can enter the Kingdom of God. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church This teaching also attests to another day when Christ will sit in universal judgement of all mankind. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church Pious legends of their deaths were considered affirmations of the truth of their faith in Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church The Catholic Church sees the sacrament of confirmation as required to complete the grace given in baptism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church Men receive the holy orders to feed the Church by the word and grace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church Other Latin Church rites include the Mozarabic and those of some religious institutes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church The Catholic Church calls all members to practise chastity according to their state in life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church Several liturgical Marian feasts are celebrated throughout the Church Year and she is honoured with many titles such as Queen of Heaven. Pope Paul VI called her Mother of the Church because, by giving birth to Christ, she is considered to be the spiritual mother to each member of the Body of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church In the liturgy of the New Covenant every liturgical action, especially the celebration of the Eucharist and the sacraments, is an encounter between Christ and the Church. The liturgical assembly derives its unity from the "communion of the Holy Spirit" who gathers the children of God into the one Body of Christ. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Catholic Church The national settings of the UCC have historically favored liberal views on social issues, such as civil rights, LGBT rights, women's rights, and abortion. However, United Church of Christ congregations are independent in matters of doctrine and ministry and may not necessarily support the national body's theological or moral stances. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Church of Christ United Church of Christ General Synod XXV also passed two resolutions concerning the conflict between Israel and Palestinians in the Middle East. One calls for the use of economic leverage to promote peace in the Middle East, which can include measures such as government lobbying, selective investment, shareholder lobbying, and selective divestment from companies which profit from the continuing Israel-Palestine conflict. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Church of Christ The United Church of Christ, along with the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, created the Our Whole Lives curriculum (commonly known as OWL), which is a lifespan, comprehensive, inclusive, and developmentally appropriate sexuality education program. The Whole Lives includes modules for grades K–1, 4–6, 7–9, and 10–12, and for Young Adults and Adults. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United Church of Christ A. B. McEwen was elected chairman of the executive board, and O.T. Jones Sr. was elected Senior Bishop by the General Assembly. Bishop Ozro Thurston Jones Sr. was pastor of the Holy Temple Church of God in Christ in Philadelphia and the Jurisdictional Bishop of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Jurisdiction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ They disagreed in having an electoral process to select the presiding bishop. Another body operating under the same name Church of God in Christ, International, split and organized in the Northeast area under Bishop R. T. Jones of Philadelphia and later Bishop C. E. Williams, Sr. of Brooklyn, New York. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ In 1955, Emmett Till's funeral was held at Robert's Temple Church Of God In Christ in Chicago, Illinois. Mamie Till-Mobley was a member of St. Paul COGIC led by then Elder Louis Henry Ford (who would later become the presiding bishop of the denomination) officiated the service. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ On April 3, 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I've Been To The Mountaintop" speech, at Mason Temple Church Of God In Christ in Memphis. He was assassinated the next day, on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ In 1926, upon the recommendation of Mother Lizzie Roberson, Elder C. G. Brown of Kansas City Missouri, was appointed the first Executive Secretary-Treasurer of the Home and Foreign Missions Department by Bishop C. H. Mason. The Elders' Council met and organized the first Missions board of the Church of God in Christ. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ Together they traveled across the country proclaiming the Gospel of Jesus Christ. They were also instrumental in establishing 75 churches across the nation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of God in Christ Currently they are numbered at over 128,000. A formal break was made from the mainline Churches of Christ in 1993 with the organization of the International Churches of Christ. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ There are a number of branches of the Restoration movement and the ICoC was formed from within the Churches of Christ. Specifically, it was born from a "discipling" movement that arose among the mainline Churches of Christ during the 1970s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ Specifically, it was born from a "discipling" movement that arose among the mainline Churches of Christ during the 1970s. This discipling movement developed in the campus ministry of Chuck Lucas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ A few leaders of the Churches of Christ apologized for use of the word "cult" in reference to the International Churches of Christ. The International Churches of Christ leaders apologized for alienating the Churches of Christ and implying they were not Christians. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ The International Churches of Christ leaders apologized for alienating the Churches of Christ and implying they were not Christians. Despite improvements in relations, there are still fundamental differences within the fellowship. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ Christians ought to be united. The ICOC like the Christian Church, in contrast to the CoC, consider permissible practices that the New Testament does not expressly forbid. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Churches of Christ The process that led to the separation had begun prior to the American Civil War. Following the 1906 separation by the Churches of Christ, additional controversies arose. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Following the 1906 separation by the Churches of Christ, additional controversies arose. Should missionary efforts be cooperative or should they be independently sponsored by congregations? --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Known as Global Ministries, it is a common agency of both denominations with a joint staff and is a continuance of decades of cooperative work in global missions. While the Disciples of Christ and United Church of Canada have entered full communion, the recentness of the agreement means that the provisions for mutual recognition of clergy are not yet finalized and adopted. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) Christ Church is a joint foundation of the college and the cathedral of the Oxford diocese (Christ Church Cathedral and its cathedral school), which serves as the college chapel and whose dean is ex officio the college head. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, it is one of the larger colleges of the University of Oxford with 629 students in 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Several of Christ Church's deans achieved high academic distinction, notably Owen under the Commonwealth, Aldrich and Fell in the Restoration period, Jackson and Gaisford in the early 19th century and Liddell in the high Victorian era. For over four centuries Christ Church admitted men only; the first female students at Christ Church matriculated in 1980. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford This includes the Christ Church Meadow (including Merton Field and Boathouse Island), which is open to the public all year round. In addition Christ Church own Aston's Eyot (purchased from All Souls College in 1891), Christ Church recreation ground (including the site of Liddell buildings), and School Field which has been leased to Magdalen College School since 1893. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The University of Chicago, Cornell University, and Kneuterdijk Palace have reproductions of Christ Church's dining hall (in the forms of Hutchinson Hall, the dining hall of Risley Residential College, and the Gothic hall of Kneuterdijk Palace, respectively). ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford ChristChurch Cathedral in New Zealand, after which the City of Christchurch is named, is itself named after Christ Church, Oxford. Stained glass windows in the cathedral and other buildings are by the Pre-Raphaelite William Morris group with designs by Edward Burne-Jones. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The present director of music (known as the organist), is Steven Grahl who succeeded Stephen Darlington in September 2018. In recent years, the choir have commissioned recorded works by contemporary composers such as John Tavener, William Mathias and Howard Goodall, also patron of Christ Church Music Society. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford They appeared in Howard Goodall's Big Bangs, broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 in March 2000. Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Treasures of Christ Church (2011) is an example of the choir's recording and debuted as the highest new entry in the UK Specialist Classical chart. The disc featured on BBC Radio 3's In Tune on 26 September 2011 and on Radio 3's Breakfast Show on 27 September that year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Christ Church holds one of the most important private collections of drawings in the UK, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo. The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford The collection is composed of approximately 300 paintings and 2,000 drawings, a rotated selection of which are available to the public for viewing in the purpose-built Christ Church Picture Gallery. Many of the works were bequeathed by a former member of the college, General John Guise (1682/3-1765), enabling the creation of the first public art gallery in Britain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford As well as rooms for accommodation, the buildings of Christ Church include the cathedral, one of the smallest in England, which also acts as the college chapel, a great hall, two libraries, two bars, and separate common rooms for dons, graduates and undergraduates. There are also gardens and a neighbouring sports ground and boat-house. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford "By way of light entertainment, I should tell the Committee that it is well known that a match between an archer and a golfer can be fairly close. I spent many a happy evening in the centre of Peckwater Quadrangle at Christ Church, with a bow and arrow, trying to put an arrow over the Kilcannon building into the Mercury Pond in Tom Quad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christ Church, Oxford Additional meetings are also held at the meetinghouse. Church officers may conduct leadership meetings or host training sessions and classes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The congregations discussed in this article, however, have chosen to remain fully autonomous. Further distinguishing these congregations is their use of instrumental music within their worship, unlike the "Churches of Christ" who do not use instrumental music. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christian churches and churches of Christ foreshadowed in the Old Testament ceremonial washings, now fulfilled in a believer's shared experience with Christ [Heb 10:22], --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Christian churches and churches of Christ It states that "[t]his God alone is worthy of worship.” Jesus Christ is described as both Savior and as a living expression of God and is acknowledged as having lived, died, and been resurrected. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Community of Christ The Community of Christ states that "God loves each of us equally and unconditionally. All persons have great worth and should be respected as creations of God with basic human rights. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Community of Christ The Community of Christ states that "[t]he process through which God reveals divine will and love is called revelation. God continues to reveal today as in the past. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Community of Christ The Community of Christ is led by a First Presidency, consisting of a president and two counselors. The president is regarded as a prophet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Community of Christ For example, the aforementioned Christian Church uses musical instruments in worship, whereas the Churches of Christ believe a cappella singing to be proper, although some Church of Christ congregations do use instruments. In addition, there was also disagreement over the appropriateness of organizational structures above the congregational level, such as those of missionary societies and funding orphanages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Membership is concentrated, with 70% of the U.S. membership, in thirteen states. Churches of Christ had a presence in 2,429 counties, placing them fifth behind the United Methodist Church, Catholic Church, Southern Baptist Convention and Assemblies of God – but the average number of adherents per county was low at 677. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ had a presence in 2,429 counties, placing them fifth behind the United Methodist Church, Catholic Church, Southern Baptist Convention and Assemblies of God – but the average number of adherents per county was low at 677. The divorce rate was 6.9%, much lower than national averages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ hold to the priesthood of all believers. No special titles are used for preachers or ministers that would identify them as "clergy". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Churches of Christ seek to practice the principle of the Bible being the only source to find doctrine (known elsewhere as sola scriptura). The Bible is generally regarded as inspired and inerrant. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ The Bible is generally regarded as inspired and inerrant. Churches of Christ generally see the Bible as historically accurate and literal, unless scriptural context obviously indicates otherwise. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Some argued that it fostered legalism, and advocated instead a hermeneutic based on the character of God, Christ and the Holy Spirit. Traditionalists urged the rejection of this "new hermeneutic". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ Congregations differ in their interpretation of the age of accountability. Churches of Christ generally teach that the process of salvation involves the following steps: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ As such, Churches of Christ have typically practiced a cappella music in worship services. However, not all Churches of Christ abstain from instruments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Churches of Christ The Catholic Church considers the Bishop of Rome, the pope, to be the successor to Saint Peter. Some scholars state Peter was the first Bishop of Rome. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Catholic Church The new government also created the Patriotic Church and appointed its bishops. These appointments were initially rejected by Rome before many of them were accepted. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Catholic Church Pope Paul VI called her Mother of the Church because, by giving birth to Christ, she is considered to be the spiritual mother to each member of the Body of Christ. Because of her influential role in the life of Jesus, prayers and devotions such as the Hail Mary, the Rosary, the Salve Regina and the Memorare are common Catholic practices. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Catholic Church Men receive the holy orders to feed the Church by the word and grace. Spouses marry so that their love may be fortified to fulfil duties of their state". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Catholic Church
3783.	Q: Which flower is lighter in color; Brugmansia or iris setosa? Title = Angel Trumpet, Angel's Trumpet 'Frosty Pink' (Brugmansia ) Description = Title = Wild iris flower iris setosa Description = A: Brugmansia Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Brugmansia vulcanicola, Brugmansia aurea, Brugmansia, Brugmansia versicolor, List of poisonous flowers, Brugmansia suaveolens, Brugmansia sanguinea, Brugmansia arborea, Brugmansia insignis, Ayahuasca Toggle details	They are attracted by the white color of the flowers and their fragrance that gets stronger in the evenings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Brugmansia arborea With a few exceptions, the green calyx usually reaches down almost all the way to the flower corolla's mouth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Brugmansia arborea The leaves, flower stalks, fruit, and especially the young shoots are covered with fine velvety white down. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Brugmansia arborea They are attracted by the white color of the flowers and their fragrance that gets stronger in the evenings. The species is invasive in New Caledonia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Brugmansia arborea The ovate leaves have coarsely toothed margins when in their best condition. The leaves, flower stalks, fruit, and especially the young shoots are covered with fine velvety white down. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Brugmansia arborea
16478.	Q: Which instrument has more strings; Jackson Soloist electric guitar or Kemence Sezgin? Title = Jackson Soloist electric guitar Description = Title = Kemence Sezgin (1) Description = A: Jackson Soloist electric guitar Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Extended-range bass, Superstrat, Harpsichord, Open chord, Violin, Yamaha electric guitar models, Billy Strings, Turkish tambur, Jackson Kelly (guitar), Jackson Rhoads, Guitar, Jackson DK2M, Grover Jackson, Fingerboard, Jackson Soloist, Bass guitar tuning, Jackson King V, Ottoman music, Jackson Guitars, Kubo and the Two Strings, String instrument, Jackson Dinky Toggle details	The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that typically has six strings. --- (0.25, 0.11, 0.14) Guitar Depending on the instrument and the style of music, the musician may pluck, strum or bow one or more strings with the hand that is not fretting the notes. On some instruments, notes can be sounded by the fretting hand alone, such as with hammer ons, an electric guitar technique. --- (0.24, 0.11, 0.13) Fingerboard Since electric violins do not rely on string tension and resonance to amplify their sound they can have more strings. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Violin The majority of the instrument's sound is heard through the vibration of the guitar top as the energy of the vibrating strings is transferred to it. --- (0.21, 0.09, 0.12) Guitar The most common type of bass guitar with more than four strings is the five-string bass. --- (0.2, 0.08, 0.12000000000000001) Extended-range bass These violins can be plugged into effect units, just like an electric guitar, including distortion, wah-wah pedal and reverb. Since electric violins do not rely on string tension and resonance to amplify their sound they can have more strings. --- (0.2, 0.12, 0.08000000000000002) Violin The most common type of bass guitar with more than four strings is the five-string bass. Five-string basses often have a low-B string, extending the instrument's lower range. --- (0.19, 0.05, 0.14) Extended-range bass In music for stringed instruments, especially guitar, an open chord (open-position chord) is a chord that includes one or more strings that are not fingered. --- (0.19, 0.08, 0.11) Open chord The fifth course can be placed on the instrument because it was known to play seventeen notes or more. Because the guitar had a fifth string, it was capable of playing that amount of notes. --- (0.19, 0.08, 0.11) Guitar Depending on the instrument and the style of music, the musician may pluck, strum or bow one or more strings with the hand that is not fretting the notes. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Fingerboard This is called stopping the strings. Depending on the instrument and the style of music, the musician may pluck, strum or bow one or more strings with the hand that is not fretting the notes. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Fingerboard All string instruments produce sound from one or more vibrating strings, transferred to the air by the body of the instrument (or by a pickup in the case of electronically amplified instruments). --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) String instrument Another way to get an extended range is to add strings. The most common type of bass guitar with more than four strings is the five-string bass. --- (0.17, 0.07, 0.1) Extended-range bass The majority of the instrument's sound is heard through the vibration of the guitar top as the energy of the vibrating strings is transferred to it. The body of an acoustic guitar has a sound hole through which sound projects. --- (0.17, 0.07, 0.1) Guitar Seven is generally thought to be the maximum number of strings possible on a bowed string instrument. With more than seven strings, it would be impossible to play a particular inner string individually with the bow. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Violin Many luthiers consider the top the dominant factor in determining the sound quality. The majority of the instrument's sound is heard through the vibration of the guitar top as the energy of the vibrating strings is transferred to it. --- (0.16, 0.06, 0.1) Guitar The modern instrument also has four pairs or courses of strings. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Turkish tambur The fifth course can be placed on the instrument because it was known to play seventeen notes or more. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Guitar The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that typically has six strings. It is held flat against the player's body and played by strumming or plucking the strings with the dominant hand, while simultaneously pressing selected strings against frets with the fingers of the opposite hand. --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) Guitar A plectrum or individual finger picks may be used to strike the strings. The sound of the guitar is projected either acoustically, by means of a resonant chamber on the instrument, or amplified by an electronic pickup and an amplifier. --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) Guitar To play the instrument, a musician presses strings down to the fingerboard to change the vibrating length, changing the pitch. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Fingerboard There are several techniques for accurately tuning the strings of an electric bass. Bass method or lesson books or videos introduce one or more tuning techniques, such as: --- (0.15, 0.06, 0.09) Bass guitar tuning All string instruments produce sound from one or more vibrating strings, transferred to the air by the body of the instrument (or by a pickup in the case of electronically amplified instruments). They are usually categorised by the technique used to make the strings vibrate (or by the primary technique, in the case of instruments where more than one may apply.) --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) String instrument Construction of basses with more than seven strings has largely been the realm of luthiers. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Extended-range bass Fine tuners may also be applied to the other strings, especially on a student instrument, and are sometimes built into the tailpiece. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Violin Seven is generally thought to be the maximum number of strings possible on a bowed string instrument. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Violin Violins with five strings or more are typically used in jazz or folk music. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Violin They are usually categorised by the technique used to make the strings vibrate (or by the primary technique, in the case of instruments where more than one may apply.) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) String instrument An E-Bow is a small hand-held battery-powered device that magnetically excites the strings of an electric string instrument to provide a sustained, singing tone reminiscent of a held bowed violin note. --- (0.14, 0.05, 0.09000000000000001) String instrument Steel-stringed instruments (such as the guitar, bass, violin, etc.) can be played using a magnetic field. An E-Bow is a small hand-held battery-powered device that magnetically excites the strings of an electric string instrument to provide a sustained, singing tone reminiscent of a held bowed violin note. --- (0.14, 0.08, 0.06000000000000001) String instrument In France, the double keyboards were adapted to control different choirs of strings, making a more musically flexible instrument. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Harpsichord With more than seven strings, it would be impossible to play a particular inner string individually with the bow. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Violin In Portugal, the same instrument is often used with steel strings particularly in its role within fado music. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Guitar The strings run over the fingerboard, between the nut and bridge. To play the instrument, a musician presses strings down to the fingerboard to change the vibrating length, changing the pitch. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Fingerboard As such, a bowed instrument must have a curved bridge that makes the "outer" strings lower in height than the "inner" strings. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) String instrument The strings' vibrations are distributed via the bridge and soundpost to all surfaces of the instrument, and are thus made louder by matching of the acoustic impedance. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) String instrument Pushing a pedal on a pedal steel guitar raises the pitch of certain strings by increasing tension on them (stretching) through a mechanical linkage; release of the pedal returns the pitch to the original. Knee levers on the instrument can lower a pitch by releasing (and restoring) tension in the same way. --- (0.13, 0.05, 0.08) String instrument Due to the fact that the scale length of a typical bass guitar (34–35 in, 86–89 cm) produces excessive tension on the highest strings of extended-range basses, a builder may use slanted or fanned frets to achieve a variable-scale instrument. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Extended-range bass While many harpsichords have one string per note, more elaborate harpsichords can have two or more strings for each note. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Harpsichord In music for stringed instruments, especially guitar, an open chord (open-position chord) is a chord that includes one or more strings that are not fingered. An open string vibrates freely, whereas a fingered string will be partially dampened unless fingered with considerable pressure, which is difficult for beginner players. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Open chord The instrument which corresponds to the violin in the violin octet is the mezzo violin, tuned the same as a violin but with a slightly longer body. The strings of the mezzo violin are the same length as those of the standard violin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin The strings of the mezzo violin are the same length as those of the standard violin. This instrument is not in common use. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin Some have as many as seven strings. Seven is generally thought to be the maximum number of strings possible on a bowed string instrument. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin With more than seven strings, it would be impossible to play a particular inner string individually with the bow. Instruments with seven strings are very rare. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin Some such instruments are somewhat longer and should be regarded as violas. Violins with five strings or more are typically used in jazz or folk music. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin Violins with five strings or more are typically used in jazz or folk music. Some custom-made instruments have extra strings which are not bowed, but which sound sympathetically, due to the vibrations of the bowed strings. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Violin Since electric violins do not rely on string tension and resonance to amplify their sound they can have more strings. For example, five-stringed electric violins are available from several manufacturers, and a seven string electric violin (with three lower strings encompassing the cello's range) is also available. --- (0.12, 0.04, 0.07999999999999999) Violin His solution was to elongate the top 'horn' of the instrument such that the body bore more resemblance to a shark's fin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson Rhoads There may be some mechanism for raising or lowering the bridge saddles to adjust the distance between the strings and the fretboard (action), or fine-tuning the intonation of the instrument. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Guitar Some scordatura drop the pitch of one or more strings, giving access to new lower notes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Guitar The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber. The classical Spanish guitar is often played as a solo instrument using a comprehensive fingerstyle technique where each string is plucked individually by the player's fingers, as opposed to being strummed. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Guitar In Portugal, the same instrument is often used with steel strings particularly in its role within fado music. The guitar is called viola, or violão in Brazil, where it is often used with an extra seventh string by choro musicians to provide extra bass support. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Guitar Many scordatura (alternate tunings) modify the standard tuning of the lute, especially when playing Renaissance music repertoire originally written for that instrument. Some scordatura drop the pitch of one or more strings, giving access to new lower notes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Guitar The idea that the piano's casing, which acts as a resonator, could be removed without destroying the instrument, may seem odd, but if the action and strings of the piano were taken out of its box, it could still be played. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) String instrument Such instruments usually have a fingerboard attached to the neck of the instrument, that provides a hard flat surface the player can stop the strings against. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) String instrument This activates a row of levers that turn a trigger mechanism that plucks one or more strings with a small plectrum made from quill or plastic. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Harpsichord Volume is increased when the mechanism of the instrument is set up by the player (see below) so that the press of a single key plucks more than one string. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Harpsichord The use of multiple manuals in a harpsichord was not originally provided for the flexibility in choosing which strings would sound, but rather for transposition of the instrument to play in different keys (see History of the harpsichord). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Harpsichord While many harpsichords have one string per note, more elaborate harpsichords can have two or more strings for each note. When there are multiple strings for each note, these additional strings are called "choirs" of strings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Harpsichord The bridge is a precisely cut piece of maple that forms the lower anchor point of the vibrating length of the strings and transmits the vibration of the strings to the body of the instrument. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Violin By 1740, when Jean-Étienne Liotard painted his painting, the instrument in his painting has pegs for 8 strings, which are strung in four courses. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Turkish tambur Typically, the strings are plucked (not strummed) by the fingers of the dominant hand, while the steel tone bar is pressed lightly against the strings and moved by the opposite hand. The instrument is played while sitting, placed horizontally across the player's knees or otherwise supported. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Guitar There are many varied bridge designs. There may be some mechanism for raising or lowering the bridge saddles to adjust the distance between the strings and the fretboard (action), or fine-tuning the intonation of the instrument. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Guitar Some scordatura drop the pitch of one or more strings, giving access to new lower notes. Some scordatura makes it easier to play in unusual keys. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Guitar It is a thin, long strip of material, usually wood, that is laminated to the front of the neck of an instrument. The strings run over the fingerboard, between the nut and bridge. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fingerboard By electric tuner, tuner app program on a smartphone, or tuning tools on a website, which pick up the audible sound through a microphone, or physical vibrations when attached to the instrument, or the electromagnetic waves through the pickup and instrument patch cable. These indicate when strings are tuned by visual and audio cues. --- (0.11, 0.04, 0.07) Bass guitar tuning On bowed instruments, the need to play strings individually with the bow also limits the number of strings to about six or seven strings; with more strings, it would be impossible to select individual strings to bow. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) String instrument The piano and harp represent the first method, where each note on the instrument has its own string or course of multiple strings tuned to the same note. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) String instrument The Middle Eastern zither, the qanun, is equipped with small levers called mandal that let each course of multiple strings be incrementally retuned "on the fly" while the instrument is being played. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) String instrument They are usually categorised by the technique used to make the strings vibrate (or by the primary technique, in the case of instruments where more than one may apply.) The three most common techniques are plucking, bowing, and striking. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) String instrument The upper limit of the violin's range is largely determined by the skill of the player, who may easily play more than two octaves on a single string, and four octaves on the instrument as a whole. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Violin Fine tuners may also be applied to the other strings, especially on a student instrument, and are sometimes built into the tailpiece. The fine tuners enable the performer to make small changes in the pitch of a string. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Violin The oboe is generally the instrument used to tune orchestras where violins are present since its sound is penetrating and can be heard over the other woodwinds) The other strings are then tuned against each other in intervals of perfect fifths by bowing them in pairs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Violin Steel guitar strings were introduced near the end of the nineteenth century in the United States; nylon strings came in the 1940s. The guitar's ancestors include the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Guitar Flamenco guitars are very similar in construction, but they are associated with a more percussive tone. In Portugal, the same instrument is often used with steel strings particularly in its role within fado music. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Guitar Detuners are mechanical devices the player operates with the thumb on the fretting hand to quickly retune one or more strings to a pre-set lower pitch. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bass guitar tuning On standard four-string basses, detuners are most often used to drop the E-string down to D. On basses with five or more strings, they typically drop the B-string down to a B♭. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bass guitar tuning As such, a bowed instrument must have a curved bridge that makes the "outer" strings lower in height than the "inner" strings. With such a curved bridge, the player can select one string at a time to play. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) String instrument The violin body also has two "f-holes" carved on the top. The strings' vibrations are distributed via the bridge and soundpost to all surfaces of the instrument, and are thus made louder by matching of the acoustic impedance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) String instrument The strings' vibrations are distributed via the bridge and soundpost to all surfaces of the instrument, and are thus made louder by matching of the acoustic impedance. The correct technical explanation is that they allow a better match to the acoustic impedance of the air. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) String instrument Construction of basses with more than seven strings has largely been the realm of luthiers. Some extended-range basses are built to a player's specific preferences, including variation in scale length, appearance, and electronics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Extended-range bass The strings are too close together for the jacks to fit between them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Harpsichord A harpsichord (Italian: clavicembalo, French: clavecin, German: Cembalo, Spanish: clavecín, Portuguese: cravo, Dutch: klavecimbel) is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. This activates a row of levers that turn a trigger mechanism that plucks one or more strings with a small plectrum made from quill or plastic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Harpsichord Volume is increased when the mechanism of the instrument is set up by the player (see below) so that the press of a single key plucks more than one string. Tonal quality can be varied in two ways. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Harpsichord For this reason, violinists change their strings regularly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Violin The scroll of the instrument rests on the foot. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Violin The E string will often have a fine tuning lever worked by a small screw turned by the fingers. Fine tuners may also be applied to the other strings, especially on a student instrument, and are sometimes built into the tailpiece. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Violin Left hand pizzicato is usually done on open strings. Pizzicato is used on all of the violin family instruments; however, the systematic study of advanced pizzicato techniques is most developed in jazz bass, a style in which the instrument is almost exclusively plucked. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Violin The instrument is played while sitting, placed horizontally across the player's knees or otherwise supported. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Guitar Typically the dominant hand is used to pluck or strum the strings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Guitar It is normally slanted slightly, making the bass strings longer than the treble strings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Guitar There were two types of five-course guitars, they differed in the location of the major third and in the interval pattern. The fifth course can be placed on the instrument because it was known to play seventeen notes or more. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Guitar The requinto also appears in other Latin-American countries as a complementary member of the guitar family, with its smaller size and scale, permitting more projection for the playing of single-lined melodies. Modern dimensions of the classical instrument were established by the Spaniard Antonio de Torres Jurado (1817–1892). --- (0.09, 0.03, 0.06) Guitar A variety of tuning options and number of string courses (courses are when strings are put together in groups of two, often at the unison or octave) have been used to extend the range of the instrument, or facilitate different modes of playing, or allow for different playing sounds. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bass guitar tuning There are more than 600 makams that have been used so far. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ottoman music The body of the instrument also vibrates, along with the air inside it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) String instrument Instruments that have the strings mounted on a body, frame or tube, such as a guqin, a cimbalom, an autoharp, harpsichord, a piano, or a valihaIt is also possible to divide the instruments into categories focused on how the instrument is played. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) String instrument Modern composers such as Henry Cowell wrote music that requires that the player reach inside the piano and pluck the strings directly, "bow" them with bow hair wrapped around the strings, or play them by rolling the bell of a brass instrument such as a trombone on the array of strings. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) String instrument Another way to get an extended range is to add strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Extended-range bass He later narrowed the neck down to convert it to a six-string instrument, tuned EADGBE. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Extended-range bass When there are multiple strings for each note, these additional strings are called "choirs" of strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord A particularly vivid effect is obtained when the strings plucked simultaneously are an octave apart. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord When describing a harpsichord it is customary to specify its choirs of strings, often called its disposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord When there are multiple choirs of strings, the player is often able to control which choirs sound. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord Harpsichords with more than one keyboard (this usually means two keyboards, stacked one on top of the other in a step-wise fashion, as with pipe organs) provide flexibility in selecting which strings play, since each manual can be set to control the plucking of a different set of strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord The case also gives the harpsichord its external appearance and protects the instrument. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord Instead, the strings are arranged in pairs, and the jacks are in the larger gaps between the pairs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord The folding harpsichord was an instrument that could be folded up to make it more compact, thus facilitating travelling with it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord Tuning an instrument nowadays usually starts with setting an A; historically it would commence from a C or an F. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord This activates a row of levers that turn a trigger mechanism that plucks one or more strings with a small plectrum made from quill or plastic. The strings are under tension on a soundboard, which is mounted in a wooden case; the soundboard amplifies the vibrations from the strings so that the listeners can hear it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord The strings are under tension on a soundboard, which is mounted in a wooden case; the soundboard amplifies the vibrations from the strings so that the listeners can hear it. Like a pipe organ, a harpsichord may have more than one keyboard manual, and even a pedal board (see Pedal harpsichord, below). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord The Flemish instruments served as the model for 18th-century harpsichord construction in other nations. In France, the double keyboards were adapted to control different choirs of strings, making a more musically flexible instrument. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord This provides two advantages: the ability to vary volume and ability to vary tonal quality. Volume is increased when the mechanism of the instrument is set up by the player (see below) so that the press of a single key plucks more than one string. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Harpsichord It also influences the modes of vibration of the top and the back of the instrument. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin While most violins have four strings, there are violins with additional strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin Some custom-made instruments have extra strings which are not bowed, but which sound sympathetically, due to the vibrations of the bowed strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin In some cases, the violinist will pluck strings with the left hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin Left hand pizzicato is usually done on open strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin These violins may need to be hooked up to an instrument amplifier or PA system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin It is the smallest and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in the family in regular use. The violin typically has four strings, usually tuned in perfect fifths with notes G3, D4, A4, E5, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin The bridge is a precisely cut piece of maple that forms the lower anchor point of the vibrating length of the strings and transmits the vibration of the strings to the body of the instrument. Its top curve holds the strings at the proper height from the fingerboard in an arc, allowing each to be sounded separately by the bow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin Its top curve holds the strings at the proper height from the fingerboard in an arc, allowing each to be sounded separately by the bow. The sound post, or soul post, fits precisely inside the instrument between the back and top, at a carefully chosen spot near the treble foot of the bridge, which it helps support. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin By turning one clockwise, the pitch becomes sharper (as the string is under more tension), and turning one counterclockwise, the pitch becomes flatter (as the string is under less tension). Fine tuners on all four of the strings are very helpful when using those with a steel core, and some players use them with synthetic strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin The other strings are then tuned against each other in intervals of perfect fifths by bowing them in pairs. A minutely higher tuning is sometimes employed for solo playing to give the instrument a brighter sound; conversely, Baroque music is sometimes played using lower tunings to make the violin's sound more gentle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin " When violinists are playing in a string quartet or a string orchestra, the strings typically "sweeten" their tuning to suit the key they are playing in. When playing with an instrument tuned to equal temperament, such as a piano, skilled violinists adjust their tuning to match the equal temperament of the piano to avoid discordant notes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Violin There are several hypotheses as to the origin of the instrument. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Turkish tambur In the past tamburs with eight strings were not uncommon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Turkish tambur Randy re-designed the next prototype because he felt the shape of the 'Concorde' was not distinctive enough from the traditional Flying V. His solution was to elongate the top 'horn' of the instrument such that the body bore more resemblance to a shark's fin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson Rhoads A plectrum or individual finger picks may be used to strike the strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar In part, the reason for this is the difference in the thickness of the strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar Reversing the strings, therefore, reverses the orientation of the saddle, adversely affecting intonation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar It is one of the endpoints of the strings' vibrating length. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar Bass strings for both instruments are wound rather than monofilament. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar There may be some mechanism for raising or lowering the bridge saddles to adjust the distance between the strings and the fretboard (action), or fine-tuning the intonation of the instrument. Some are spring-loaded and feature a "whammy bar", a removable arm that lets the player modulate the pitch by changing the tension on the strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Guitar The strings run over the fingerboard, between the nut and bridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fingerboard Over time, strings wear frets down, which can cause buzzing and deaden the sound. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fingerboard Relaxing the truss rod allows the pull of the strings to increase the dip, and vice versa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fingerboard Over time, strings wear frets down, which can cause buzzing and deaden the sound. Fixing this occasionally requires replacing the frets—but more often they just need "dressing". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fingerboard Then, use relative tuning (below) to adjust the other strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bass guitar tuning These indicate when strings are tuned by visual and audio cues. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bass guitar tuning With bowed instruments, the player pulls a rosined horsehair bow across the strings, causing them to vibrate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument With these keyboard instruments, strings are occasionally plucked or bowed by hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument Instruments with a fingerboard are then played by adjusting the length of the vibrating portion of the strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument Some instruments are employed with sympathetic strings—which are additional strings not meant to be plucked. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument These strings resonate with the played notes, creating additional tones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument It is sometimes said that the sounding board or soundbox "amplifies" the sound of the strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument Some players attach a pickup to their traditional string instrument to "electrify" it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument With these keyboard instruments, strings are occasionally plucked or bowed by hand. Modern composers such as Henry Cowell wrote music that requires that the player reach inside the piano and pluck the strings directly, "bow" them with bow hair wrapped around the strings, or play them by rolling the bell of a brass instrument such as a trombone on the array of strings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument Modern composers such as Henry Cowell wrote music that requires that the player reach inside the piano and pluck the strings directly, "bow" them with bow hair wrapped around the strings, or play them by rolling the bell of a brass instrument such as a trombone on the array of strings. However, these are relatively rarely used special techniques. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument The piano and harp represent the first method, where each note on the instrument has its own string or course of multiple strings tuned to the same note. (Many notes on a piano are strung with a "choir" of three strings tuned alike, to increase the volume.) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument Such instruments usually have a fingerboard attached to the neck of the instrument, that provides a hard flat surface the player can stop the strings against. On some string instruments, the fingerboard has frets, raised ridges perpendicular to the strings, that stop the string at precise intervals, in which case the fingerboard is also called a fretboard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument The Middle Eastern zither, the qanun, is equipped with small levers called mandal that let each course of multiple strings be incrementally retuned "on the fly" while the instrument is being played. These levers raise or lower the pitch of the string course by a microtone, less than a half step. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) String instrument These strings are played in unison with the bass strings, thereby producing a natural chorus effect. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Extended-range bass In the late 1980s, luthier Michael Tobias made the first bass with more than six single-course strings, a custom-order seven-string bass for bassist Garry Goodman, tuned BEADGCF. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Extended-range bass The added strings of the extended-range bass compound the muting problems that many bassists encounter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Extended-range bass The strings are under tension on a soundboard, which is mounted in a wooden case; the soundboard amplifies the vibrations from the strings so that the listeners can hear it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord The harpsichord was widely used in Renaissance and Baroque music, both as an accompaniment instrument and as a soloing instrument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord The soundboard efficiently transmits the vibrations of the strings into vibrations in the air; without a soundboard, the strings would produce only a very feeble sound. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord To describe the pitch of the choirs of strings, pipe organ terminology is used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord It usually includes a solid bottom, and also internal bracing to maintain its form without warping under the tension of the strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord A spinet is a harpsichord with the strings set at an angle (usually about 30 degrees) to the keyboard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord However, the ottavino remained very popular as a domestic instrument in Italy until the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord The ottavino could be removed and placed on top of the virginal, making, in effect, a double manual instrument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord If a tuning other than equal temperament is used, the instrument requires retuning once the keyboard is shifted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord In the 20th century, composers returned to the instrument, as they sought out variation in the sounds available to them. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord A particularly vivid effect is obtained when the strings plucked simultaneously are an octave apart. This is normally heard by the ear not as two pitches --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord The strings are too close together for the jacks to fit between them. Instead, the strings are arranged in pairs, and the jacks are in the larger gaps between the pairs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Harpsichord In contrast, all of the strings are fingered for a barre chord, which requires greater technique to be allowed to ring freely. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Open chord The violin, sometimes known as a fiddle, is a wooden chordophone (string instrument) in the violin family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin It is the smallest and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in the family in regular use. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Violins can be strung with gut, Perlon or other synthetic, or steel strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Painted-on faux purfling on the top is usually a sign of an inferior instrument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin At the scroll end, the strings wind around the wooden tuning pegs in the pegbox. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin In the early years of the 20th century, strings were made of either gut or steel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Most E strings are unwound, either plain or plated steel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin The instrument which corresponds to the violin in the violin octet is the mezzo violin, tuned the same as a violin but with a slightly longer body. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin The strings of the mezzo violin are the same length as those of the standard violin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Since modern E strings are steel, a fine tuner is nearly always fitted for that string. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin The other strings are then tuned against each other in intervals of perfect fifths by bowing them in pairs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Beginning violinists play open strings and the lowest position, nearest to the nut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin All notes (except those below the open D) can be played on more than one string. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin In some circumstances, a "triple stop" is possible, where three notes across three strings can be voiced simultaneously. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin When strings are worn, dirty and old, the harmonics may no longer be accurate in pitch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin The strings may be sounded by drawing the hair of the bow held by the right hand across them (arco) or by plucking them (pizzicato) most often with the right hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin The way the musician holds the instrument varies from Western to Indian music. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Forgery and other methods of fraudulent misrepresentation can be used to inflate the value of an instrument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin While most violins have four strings, there are violins with additional strings. Some have as many as seven strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin It is also used in some virtuoso showpieces. Left hand pizzicato is usually done on open strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Independent artists, such as Owen Pallett, The Shondes, and Andrew Bird, have also spurred increased interest in the instrument. Indie bands have often embraced new and unusual arrangements, allowing them more freedom to feature the violin than many mainstream musical artists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Violin Nowadays the tambur has seven strings. In the past tamburs with eight strings were not uncommon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Turkish tambur Torres' design greatly improved the volume, tone, and projection of the instrument, and it has remained essentially unchanged since. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Steel strings produce a brighter tone and a louder sound. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Left-handed players usually play a mirror image instrument manufactured especially for left-handed players. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar The saddle is the strip of material on top of the bridge where the strings rest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar It is fitted with machine heads that adjust the tension of the strings, which in turn affects the pitch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Its grooves guide the strings onto the fretboard, giving consistent lateral string placement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Pressing a string against a fret determines the strings' vibrating length and therefore its resultant pitch. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Bracing not only strengthens the top against potential collapse due to the stress exerted by the tensioned strings but also affects the resonance characteristics of the top. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Instruments utilizing "steel" strings may have strings made from alloys incorporating steel, nickel or phosphor bronze. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar The base chord consists of at least 3 notes and may include all the strings or a subset. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar In major-thirds tuning, the interval between open strings is always a major third. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Chords are inverted simply by raising one or two notes by three strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar A capo (short for capotasto) is used to change the pitch of open strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Thumb picks and finger picks that attach to the fingertips are sometimes employed in finger-picking styles on steel strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar the player can also modify the tone (also called the timbre or "colour") and sound of the instrument. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar Known for its portamento capabilities, gliding smoothly over every pitch between notes, the instrument can produce a sinuous crying sound and deep vibrato emulating the human singing voice. Typically, the strings are plucked (not strummed) by the fingers of the dominant hand, while the steel tone bar is pressed lightly against the strings and moved by the opposite hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar The instrument is played while sitting, placed horizontally across the player's knees or otherwise supported. The horizontal playing style is called "Hawaiian style". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar It is normally slanted slightly, making the bass strings longer than the treble strings. In part, the reason for this is the difference in the thickness of the strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Guitar A fingerboard may be fretted, having raised strips of hard material perpendicular to the strings, which the player presses the strings against to stop the strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard A straightedge positioned on the neck in the "lie" of one of the strings should show nearly level frets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard (There should be a slight relief to compensate for the elliptical shape of the vibrating strings.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard Bowed string instruments usually have curved fingerboards, to allow the player to bow single strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard The result is a playing surface wherein the players' fingers come into contact with the strings only, and do not touch the fingerboard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard It also results in more weight-relief and less "neck-dive". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard Fingerboards may also be unfretted, as they usually are on bowed instruments, where damping by the finger is of little consequence because of the sustained stimulation of the strings by the bow. Unfretted fingerboards allow a musician more control over subtle changes in pitch than fretted boards, but are generally considered harder to master. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fingerboard Four strings can obtain an extended lower range through thicker strings or "down-tuning." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bass guitar tuning To allow for the raised tuning, the strings are thinner, and the length of the neck (the scale) may be shorter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bass guitar tuning There are more than 600 makams that have been used so far. Out of these, at least 119 makams are formally defined, but today only around 20 makams are widely used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ottoman music With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician cranks a wheel whose rosined edge touches the strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument The Lyre has two arms, which have a "yoke" or crossbar connecting them, and strings between the crossbar and the soundboard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument These instruments typically used catgut (animal intestine) and other materials, including silk, for their strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument Instruments that support the strings via a neck and a bout ("gourd"), for instance --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument Some instruments that have strings have an attached keyboard that the player presses keys on to trigger a mechanism that sounds the strings, instead of directly manipulating the strings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument Knee levers on the instrument can lower a pitch by releasing (and restoring) tension in the same way. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument This can be seen on a 2016-era set of gut strings for double bass. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument In harpsichords, often there are two sets of strings of equal length. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument (Many notes on a piano are strung with a "choir" of three strings tuned alike, to increase the volume.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument The string instruments usually used in the orchestra, and often called the "symphonic strings" or string section are: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument These include the piano, the clavichord, and the harpsichord. With these keyboard instruments, strings are occasionally plucked or bowed by hand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument On bowed instruments, the need to play strings individually with the bow also limits the number of strings to about six or seven strings; with more strings, it would be impossible to select individual strings to bow. (Note: bowed strings can also play two bowed notes on two different strings at the same time, a technique called a double stop.) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument Some instruments are employed with sympathetic strings—which are additional strings not meant to be plucked. These strings resonate with the played notes, creating additional tones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument All lute type instruments traditionally have a bridge, which holds the string at the proper action height from the fret/finger board at one end of the strings. On acoustic instruments, the bridge performs an equally important function of transmitting string energy into the "sound box" of the instrument, thereby increasing the sound volume. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) String instrument In France, the double keyboards were adapted to control different choirs of strings, making a more musically flexible instrument. Instruments from the peak of the French tradition, by makers such as the Blanchet family and Pascal Taskin, are among the most widely admired of all harpsichords, and are frequently used as models for the construction of modern instruments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord When describing a harpsichord it is customary to specify its choirs of strings, often called its disposition. To describe the pitch of the choirs of strings, pipe organ terminology is used. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord A spinet is a harpsichord with the strings set at an angle (usually about 30 degrees) to the keyboard. The strings are too close together for the jacks to fit between them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord The ottavino could be removed and placed on top of the virginal, making, in effect, a double manual instrument. These are sometimes called 'mother-and-child' or 'double' virginals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord Some modern instruments are built with keyboards that can shift sideways, allowing the player to align the mechanism with strings at either A = 415 Hz or A = 440 --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord Through the 19th century, the harpsichord was almost completely supplanted by the piano. In the 20th century, composers returned to the instrument, as they sought out variation in the sounds available to them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Harpsichord In contrast, all of the strings are fingered for a barre chord, which requires greater technique to be allowed to ring freely. To dampen a barre chord, a player simply needs to relax the fingers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Open chord To dampen a barre chord, a player simply needs to relax the fingers. Fully dampening an open chord requires the player to roll the fingers of the left hand over the open strings, or else dampen with the right hand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Open chord It also allows the top to flex more independently of the rib structure. Painted-on faux purfling on the top is usually a sign of an inferior instrument. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violin When strings are worn, dirty and old, the harmonics may no longer be accurate in pitch. For this reason, violinists change their strings regularly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violin The strings may be sounded by drawing the hair of the bow held by the right hand across them (arco) or by plucking them (pizzicato) most often with the right hand. In some cases, the violinist will pluck strings with the left hand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violin In some cases, the violinist will pluck strings with the left hand. This is done to facilitate transitions from pizzicato to arco playing. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violin The scroll of the instrument rests on the foot. This position is essential to playing well due to the nature of Indian music. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Violin Modern guitars can be constructed to suit both left- and right-handed players. Typically the dominant hand is used to pluck or strum the strings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Typically the dominant hand is used to pluck or strum the strings. This is similar to the violin family of instruments where the dominant hand controls the bow. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar The saddle is the strip of material on top of the bridge where the strings rest. It is normally slanted slightly, making the bass strings longer than the treble strings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Physical properties of the thicker bass strings require them to be slightly longer than the treble strings to correct intonation. Reversing the strings, therefore, reverses the orientation of the saddle, adversely affecting intonation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Its grooves guide the strings onto the fretboard, giving consistent lateral string placement. It is one of the endpoints of the strings' vibrating length. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar It is one of the endpoints of the strings' vibrating length. It must be accurately cut, or it can contribute to tuning problems due to string slippage or string buzz. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Simpler inlays are often made of plastic or painted. High-end classical guitars seldom have fretboard inlays as a well-trained player is expected to know his or her way around the instrument. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Some are spring-loaded and feature a "whammy bar", a removable arm that lets the player modulate the pitch by changing the tension on the strings. The whammy bar is sometimes also called a "tremolo bar". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Instruments utilizing "steel" strings may have strings made from alloys incorporating steel, nickel or phosphor bronze. Bass strings for both instruments are wound rather than monofilament. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar Chords are inverted simply by raising one or two notes by three strings. The raised notes are played with the same finger as the original notes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Guitar This is colloquially known as "tuning the bass to itself". The instrument tuned in this manner can be played alone, but it may not be in tune with other instruments, such as a piano, if no reference pitch was used. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bass guitar tuning With bowed instruments, the player pulls a rosined horsehair bow across the strings, causing them to vibrate. With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician cranks a wheel whose rosined edge touches the strings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) String instrument In most string instruments, the vibrations are transmitted to the body of the instrument, which often incorporates some sort of hollow or enclosed area. The body of the instrument also vibrates, along with the air inside it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) String instrument The body of the instrument also vibrates, along with the air inside it. The vibration of the body of the instrument and the enclosed hollow or chamber make the vibration of the string more audible to the performer and audience. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) String instrument Some instruments that have strings have an attached keyboard that the player presses keys on to trigger a mechanism that sounds the strings, instead of directly manipulating the strings. These include the piano, the clavichord, and the harpsichord. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) String instrument It is sometimes said that the sounding board or soundbox "amplifies" the sound of the strings. In reality, no power amplification occurs, because all of the energy to produce sound comes from the vibrating string. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) String instrument
17525.	Q: Which is taller at the 2010 Opening ceremony of the Youth Olympics: the Fullerton Hotel or the skyscraper with blue lights beside it? Title = Opening Ceremony of Singapore YOG 2010 flags Description = A: The skyscraper with blue lights Relevant Wikipedia Pages: The House of Blue Lights, 2020 Winter Youth Olympics, Raffles Place MRT station, 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, Olympic Games ceremony, Clifford Pier, 2024 Winter Youth Olympics, 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, Emergency vehicle lighting, Blue Lights (album), 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, Youth Olympic Games, Fullerton Hotel, 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, Blue Lights in the Basement, Argentina at the Olympics, Daryl Ng, Blue Light, Biological effects of high-energy visible light, Fullerton, California, 2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony, Opening Ceremony (brand), Blue Lights (song), Jorja Smith, Marina Bay Street Circuit, Fullerton, List of Olympic Games host cities, 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony, Israel at the Youth Olympics, 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, 2026 Summer Youth Olympics, The House of Blue Lights (album), 2010 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony, List of hotels in Singapore, 2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony, Robert Fullerton, The Fullerton Hotel Singapore, De Wallen Toggle details	Over 200 countries and 3,600 athletes participated in the inaugural 2010 Youth Summer Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Youth Olympic Games The closing ceremony of the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held at the Youth Olympic Village on 18 October 2018. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics Since the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, continuing with the tradition started at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics a coach from the host nation speaks out the Olympic Oath. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Olympic Games ceremony She sacrificed a lot for the Olympics, for me, for the opening ceremony." --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, officially known as the I Summer Youth Olympic Games, was the inaugural edition of the Youth Olympic Games (YOG), an Olympic Games-based event for young athletes. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics See 2010 Summer Youth Olympics medal table for more details and a full table with medals won by mixed-NOCs teams counted separately. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The election was held on 10 February 2010, two days before the start of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Lillehammer, Norway hosted the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Youth Olympic Games The elections for the host cities of the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics and 2012 Winter Youth Olympics were done through postal votes by IOC members. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Memories of the Fullerton. Singapore: The Fullerton Hotel Singapore. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore In recent Olympics, athletic competition began prior to the opening ceremony. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Olympic Games ceremony This was made evident during the opening ceremony for the 2010 Games in Vancouver. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Olympic Games ceremony The 2014 Winter Olympics then became the first Winter Games to hold competitions before the opening ceremony. As mandated by the Olympic Charter, various elements frame the Opening Ceremony of a celebration of the Olympic Games. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Olympic Games ceremony Lillehammer, Norway hosted the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Youth Olympic Games Six bids were initially submitted for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The following were the guests that attended the opening ceremony of the 2010 Commonwealth Games: --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony Israel first participated at the Youth Olympic Games at the inaugural 2010 Games. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Israel at the Youth Olympics This also ensured that guests at The Fullerton Hotel would have unobstructed views of the sea. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The 2014 Winter Olympics then became the first Winter Games to hold competitions before the opening ceremony. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Olympic Games ceremony The consortium did not, however, own rights to the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics in Innsbruck. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The emblem competition for the Games attracted 1,500 participants, and the winning design entitled "Spirit of Youth" was unveiled on 10 January 2010. A contest to choose the official medal design for the first Youth Olympics was launched by the IOC in 2009. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The following table lists the top ten ranked NOCs and the host nation. See 2010 Summer Youth Olympics medal table for more details and a full table with medals won by mixed-NOCs teams counted separately. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Over 200 countries and 3,600 athletes participated in the inaugural 2010 Youth Summer Olympics. Participants are placed in the following age groups: 14–15 years, 16–17 years, and 17–18 years. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Youth Olympic Games Media related to 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony at Wikimedia Commons --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Liu Yan is a heroine. She sacrificed a lot for the Olympics, for me, for the opening ceremony." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The 2010 United States Census reported that Fullerton had a population of 135,161. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Fullerton, California The opening ceremony of the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held at the Obelisco de Buenos Aires on 6 October 2018 at 20:00 (8 PM) Argentina Time. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The 2018 Summer Youth Olympics featured 239 events in 32 sports. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The closing ceremony of the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held at the Youth Olympic Village on 18 October 2018. The Olympic flag was handed over to the next host city, Senegalese capital Dakar for the 2022 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics February 2010 – Election and announcement of the Host City of the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games at the 122nd IOC Session in Vancouver (before the 2010 Winter Olympics) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics All dates are BJT (UTC+8)222 events are expected to be held over the 2014 Youth Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Heather Moyse competed in Bobsleigh at the 2006, 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The 2026 Summer Youth Olympics will feature 244 events in 35 sports. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2026 Summer Youth Olympics Singapore: The Fullerton Hotel Singapore. ISBN 981-04-4777-9. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore As the modern Olympics have evolved into a celebration of sport, it is in the opening ceremony that one can see the most of Coubertin's ideal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Olympic Games ceremony The 2008 ceremony had yellow fireworks representing doves. In 2010, dove figures were projected on the stage floor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Olympic Games ceremony In 2010, dove figures were projected on the stage floor. The 2012 ceremony had bicyclists with dove-wings, lit by LEDs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Olympic Games ceremony The Stage said that "Danny Boyle's spectacular and moving Olympics Opening Ceremony was undoubtedly the theatrical highlight of 2012". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Panos Samaras of Greece's NET said "it was more like a big musical, a rock opera ... than an Olympics ceremony". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held on February 12, 2010, beginning at 6:00 pm PST (02:00 UTC, February 13) at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony A contest to choose the official medal design for the first Youth Olympics was launched by the IOC in 2009. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, officially known as the I Summer Youth Olympic Games, was the inaugural edition of the Youth Olympic Games (YOG), an Olympic Games-based event for young athletes. Held in Singapore from 14 to 26 August 2010, it was the first International Olympic Committee–sanctioned event held in Singapore. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The city of Singapore was announced as the host of the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics on 21 February 2008. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games The scale of the Youth Olympic Games is smaller than that of the Olympics, which is intentional and allows for smaller cities to host an Olympic event. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games 16 sports, 46 disciplines in the Winter Youth Olympics between the 2012 Games to the 2020 Games. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games Nanjing, China was selected by the IOC over Poznan, Poland to be the host-city of the 2014 Youth Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games The election was held on 10 February 2010, two days before the start of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games Nanjing, China was selected by the IOC over Poznan, Poland to be the host-city of the 2014 Youth Olympics. The election was held on 10 February 2010, two days before the start of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Youth Olympic Games The 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony was held at the Beijing National Stadium, also known as the Bird's Nest. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony He is also responsible for The Fullerton Heritage project (The Fullerton Hotel Singapore and associated buildings) in Singapore. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Daryl Ng The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first-ever Games to be held on the African continent. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of Olympic Games host cities Israel first participated at the Youth Olympic Games at the inaugural 2010 Games. Israel has sent a team to each Summer Youth Olympic Games and to Winter Youth Olympic Games since 2016. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel at the Youth Olympics One unnamed taekwondo athlete had been disqualified from competing at the Youth Olympics after testing positive for the banned diuretic furosemide. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics This was the first election of a Youth Olympic Games host city held in an IOC Session. The elections for the host cities of the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics and 2012 Winter Youth Olympics were done through postal votes by IOC members. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics All dates are BJT (UTC+8)222 events are expected to be held over the 2014 Youth Olympics. The schedule will be finalized as the event becomes closer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The location of the previous lighthouse is now being occupied by The Lighthouse Restaurant, to keep up with the modern style of the Fullerton Hotel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The Fullerton Hotel Singapore won the Condé Nast Traveler Gold List award. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore 360° Panoramic view from the roof of the Fullerton Hotel Virtual Tou --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore A total of 1,788 athletes from 79 nations qualified, the most for any edition of a Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics The ceremony featured the flag handover from mayor of Lausanne Grégoire Junod to IOC President Thomas Bach and to the governor of Gangwon Choi Moon-soon as host of the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics and the extinguishing of the Youth Olympic flame. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics The 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony is scheduled to take place on 23 July 2021 at Olympic Stadium, Tokyo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The Opening and Closing Ceremonies will be produced by Takayuki Hioki, who have been advised by Marco Balich, who notably did the opening of Turin's Winter Olympics in 2006. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony For example, the football competitions for both men and women at the 2008 Summer Olympics began two days prior to the opening ceremony. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olympic Games ceremony Traditionally, the men's marathon is held in the last hours of competition on the last day of the Olympics, and the race is won just before the start of the closing ceremony. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olympic Games ceremony After the official conclusion of the Opening Ceremony, Gretzky was whisked away to a waiting car which took him to the secondary cauldron. Once there, he lit it to correspond with the tradition of Olympics past. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olympic Games ceremony During the Summer Olympics, this is usually the men's marathon. Traditionally, the men's marathon is held in the last hours of competition on the last day of the Olympics, and the race is won just before the start of the closing ceremony. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olympic Games ceremony It is currently passed on to the next organizing city of the Winter Olympics. This portion of the ceremony actually took place at the opening ceremony until the 1984 Summer Games and the 1988 Winter Games. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Olympic Games ceremony A soundtrack, Sounds of Vancouver 2010: Opening Ceremony Commemorative Album (French: Musique de Vancouver 2010 : L'album commémoratif de la cérémonie d'ouverture des Jeux), was released through the iTunes Store on February 12, 2010, containing many studio recordings of the performances from the opening ceremony. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held on February 12, 2010, beginning at 6:00 pm PST (02:00 UTC, February 13) at BC Place Stadium in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. This was the first Olympic opening ceremony to be held indoors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The emblem competition for the Games attracted 1,500 participants, and the winning design entitled "Spirit of Youth" was unveiled on 10 January 2010. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Plans for the Youth Olympic torch relay, dubbed the Journey of the Youth Olympic Flame (JYOF), were unveiled on 26 January 2010. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics In the handover ceremony, the Olympic flag was handed over from Teo Ser Luck, acting as the Mayor of Singapore, through Jacques Rogge, to Ji Jianye, Mayor of Nanjing, China, the host city of the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The Olympic flag was then lowered with the singing of the Olympic Anthem. In the handover ceremony, the Olympic flag was handed over from Teo Ser Luck, acting as the Mayor of Singapore, through Jacques Rogge, to Ji Jianye, Mayor of Nanjing, China, the host city of the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Qualification to participate in the Youth Olympics is determined by the IOC in conjunction with the International Sport Federations (ISF) for the various sports on the program. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Youth Olympic Games The opening ceremony was lauded by spectators and numerous international presses as spectacular and spellbinding, and by many accounts "the greatest ever in the history of Olympics". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony In Hong Kong, he oversees the development of the forthcoming The Fullerton Hotel Hong Kong Ocean Park, targeted for opening in autumn 2021. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Daryl Ng The track then goes onto the Anderson Bridge, past the Fullerton Hotel and make a tight left turn to Esplanade Drive beside the Merlion Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Marina Bay Street Circuit In 2010, Singapore became Southeast Asia's first Olympic host city for the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, while Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city with the 2016 Summer Olympics, followed by Buenos Aires with the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Olympic Games host cities FIFA also decided to replace football with futsal at the Buenos Aires Youth Olympics, while other sports such as skateboarding were being considered for the programme. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The Parque Polideportivo Roca was fully renovated before the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in order to be used as main Olympic Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The Olympic flag was handed over to the next host city, Senegalese capital Dakar for the 2022 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The official emblem of the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was presented in July 2015, three years before the games. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics Six bids were initially submitted for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Buenos Aires confirmed their bid in September 2011. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics These were the second Olympic Games held in China after the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, making it the first country to host both regular and Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics A seminar has held from 25 to 28 March 2014 in order to prepare the ambassadors for the Youth Olympics by teaching them about the cultures and activities Nanjing has to offer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Senegal proposes to organize the 2026 Summer Youth Olympics in three distinct areas, Dakar, Diamniadio and Saly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2026 Summer Youth Olympics It is close to several points of attraction such as the Raffles Place Park, Merlion Park, the Downtown Core and the Fullerton Hotel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Raffles Place MRT station The release was discontinued after several doves perched themselves at the cauldron's rim and were burned alive in the Olympic flame during the opening ceremony of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Games ceremony Since the 2006 Winter Olympics, the medals for the men's 50 km cross-country skiing event were presented at the closing ceremony. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Games ceremony The artistic program is what creates the idiosyncratic element of each ceremony. Coubertin's initial vision of the Modern Olympics featured both athletic competitions and artistic achievements. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Games ceremony Another IOC rule states that the cauldron should be witnessed outside by the entire residents of the entire host city. This was made evident during the opening ceremony for the 2010 Games in Vancouver. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Games ceremony This restaurant closed in 2014 and was replaced by another restaurant, The Clifford Pier, which offers a selection of local, Asian, and Western dishes under the operations of the Fullerton Bay Hotel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Clifford Pier The London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) approached Danny Boyle to be the director of the ceremony in June 2010, and he immediately accepted. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The 2012 ceremony was the second time the Queen had opened an Olympic Games, the first being the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal in her capacity as Queen of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony " Writing in The Observer, Jackie Kay commented that "it seemed that Boyle had invented a new kind of opening ceremony, a concept ceremony, one that embraces big ideas as passionately as it does technical flamboyancy". The Stage said that "Danny Boyle's spectacular and moving Olympics Opening Ceremony was undoubtedly the theatrical highlight of 2012". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony On December 15, 2010, John Furlong, the CEO of VANOC revealed that Celine Dion had been contracted to sing the national anthem at the Opening Ceremony. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The next Summer YOG to take place will be the 2026 Summer Youth Olympics of Dakar while the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics will take place in Gangwon, South Korea. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Youth Olympic Games On 12 December 2008 the IOC announced that Innsbruck, host of the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics, would be the host of the inaugural Winter Youth Olympics in 2012. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Youth Olympic Games 16 sports, 46 disciplines in the Winter Youth Olympics between the 2012 Games to the 2020 Games. In the 2012 Games at Innsbruck and the 2016 Games at Lillehammer, there were only 15 sports. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Youth Olympic Games She sacrificed a lot for the Olympics, for me, for the opening ceremony." Shortly after the opening ceremony, in an earlier media interview, Zhang expressed: "I regret many things, many details of this performance, many things I could have done better. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony In 2010, the city of Fullerton and the Orange County Register came out in court against the then 32-year-old Fullerton Observer in its request to adjudicate the paper. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fullerton, California Fullerton () is a city located in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 135,161.Fullerton was founded in 1887. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fullerton, California The 2010 United States Census reported that Fullerton had a population of 135,161. The population density was 6,043.9 people per square mile (2,333.6/km2). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fullerton, California In 2010, Singapore became Southeast Asia's first Olympic host city for the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, while Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city with the 2016 Summer Olympics, followed by Buenos Aires with the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first-ever Games to be held on the African continent. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of Olympic Games host cities Football player and Olympic gold medalist Lionel Messi, originally not from Buenos Aires but from Rosario, was named as an ambassador of the 2018 YOG in March 2014, and he delivered a video welcoming message for the young athletes to Buenos Aires during the closing ceremony of the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2010 Commonwealth Games was held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event, in New Delhi, India. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony On 17 March 2014 37 athletes from the 28 Olympic sports were chosen by the IOC to be role models at the 2014 Youth Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics One unnamed taekwondo athlete had been disqualified from competing at the Youth Olympics after testing positive for the banned diuretic furosemide. The information was released on 5 November 2014. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The 2026 Summer Youth Olympics will feature 244 events in 35 sports. The International Olympic Committee approved the game programme. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2026 Summer Youth Olympics The Fullerton Hotel Singapore is a five-star luxury hotel located near the mouth of the Singapore River, in the Downtown Core of the Central Area, Singapore. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The Fullerton Hotel Singapore has 400 rooms and suites which either overlook the atrium courtyard, or face downtown Singapore's skyline, the Singapore River promenade or the Marina Bay. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The IOC voted to select the host city of the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session at the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic Games took place on the evening of Thursday 9 January 2020 at the Vaudoise Aréna, in Lausanne. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics The closing ceremony of the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic Games took place on the evening of Thursday 22 January 2020 at the Vaudoise Aréna, in Lausanne. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics In the 2010 Winter Olympics, teams entered in English alphabetical order, although the languages of the Olympics are also the languages of the host country, Canada, because English is the more dominant of the two in Vancouver and in the host province of British Columbia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony Once there, he lit it to correspond with the tradition of Olympics past. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony For example, the football competitions for both men and women at the 2008 Summer Olympics began two days prior to the opening ceremony. The 2014 Winter Olympics then became the first Winter Games to hold competitions before the opening ceremony. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony As mandated by the Olympic Charter, various elements frame the Opening Ceremony of a celebration of the Olympic Games. Most of these rituals were canonized at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony The opening ceremony at the Beijing Games, for example, reportedly cost US$100 million, with much of the cost incurring in the artistic portion of the ceremony. Each Opening Ceremony has a theme selected by the host nation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony This was made evident during the opening ceremony for the 2010 Games in Vancouver. The venue chosen as the Olympic Stadium was BC Place, which at the time was an air-supported domed stadium. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony The release was discontinued after several doves perched themselves at the cauldron's rim and were burned alive in the Olympic flame during the opening ceremony of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It was later replaced with a symbolic release of doves after the flame has been lit. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Games ceremony The host city was announced at the 135th IOC Session on 10 January 2020 at the SwissTech Convention Center in Lausanne, Switzerland during the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2024 Winter Youth Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics took place on the evening of Friday 27 July 2012 in the Olympic Stadium, London, during which the Games were formally opened by Queen Elizabeth II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Boyle explained that there had been four things that made him take the job: he was a big Olympics fan, he lived a mile from the Stadium and so felt invested in the area, his late father's birthday was on the ceremony's date, and he felt his 'Oscar clout' would enable him to push through what he wanted to do. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony They had indicated they would not participate in the opening ceremony or withdraw completely, but decided against doing so. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The Youth Olympic Village (YOV) of the Games housed over 5,000 athletes and team officials for 18 days from 10 to 28 August 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics A contest to choose the official medal design for the first Youth Olympics was launched by the IOC in 2009. From November to December almost a hundred entries from 34 countries were received. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Qualification to participate in the Youth Olympics is determined by the IOC in conjunction with the International Sport Federations (ISF) for the various sports on the program. To ensure that all nations are represented at the YOG the IOC instituted the concept of Universality Places. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Youth Olympic Games On 12 December 2008, it was announced that Innsbruck beat Kuopio to host the games. Nanjing, China was selected by the IOC over Poznan, Poland to be the host-city of the 2014 Youth Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Youth Olympic Games They symbolized a Green Olympics (to protect the world). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The artistic performance of the Opening Ceremony, titled the "Beautiful Olympics", had the internationally acclaimed filmmaker Zhang Yimou as General Director, and Zhang Jigang and Chen Weiya as Deputy General Directors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Ng is the overall in-charge of the opening of The Fullerton Hotel Sydney, housed in the former Sydney General Post Office, a heritage-listed landmark in the heart of Sydney. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Daryl Ng Fullerton is also home to the Fullerton Public Library. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fullerton, California According to the 2010 United States Census, Fullerton had a median household income of $67,617, with 14.6% of the population living below the federal poverty line. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fullerton, California h (120 mph), while the hairpin at turn 13 (in front of Fullerton Hotel) has been widened by a metre in order to increase overtaking opportunities with braking to 67 km/h --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marina Bay Street Circuit The track then goes onto the Anderson Bridge, past the Fullerton Hotel and make a tight left turn to Esplanade Drive beside the Merlion Park. It joins Raffles Avenue and cut right after the Esplanade to the front of The Float @ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marina Bay Street Circuit h (120 mph), while the hairpin at turn 13 (in front of Fullerton Hotel) has been widened by a metre in order to increase overtaking opportunities with braking to 67 km/h (42 mph). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marina Bay Street Circuit Additional two cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Youth Olympic Games: Dakar for the 2022 Summer Youth Olympics and Gangwon Province for the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities Youth Olympics include educational experience based on Olympic values that promote healthy lifestyles and allow young athletes to become well-rounded people with "true sporting spirits." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The main roles of the Young Ambassadors is to promote the Youth Olympics in their nations and to encourage athletes of their nations to get the most out of the Youth Olympic experience by encouraging them to interact with people from different sports and cultures and to take part in activities and workshops. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The International Olympic Committee established the Youth Olympic Games in July 2007. The 2014 host city was elected on 10 February 2010, during the 2010 IOC Session in Vancouver. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The IOC voted to select the host city of the 2022 Summer Youth Olympics on 8 October 2018 at the 133rd IOC Session in Buenos Aires, Argentina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2026 Summer Youth Olympics The 2010 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony took place on 11 June at the Soccer City stadium in Johannesburg, two hours before the opening match of the tournament. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2010 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony Plans to erect Fullerton Building were drawn up in 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The Fullerton Hotel Singapore is a five-star luxury hotel located near the mouth of the Singapore River, in the Downtown Core of the Central Area, Singapore. It was originally known as the Fullerton Building, and also as the General Post Office Building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore To ensure that the historical Fullerton Building continues to be visible from Marina Bay, URA specified a low building height for One Fullerton across the road. This also ensured that guests at The Fullerton Hotel would have unobstructed views of the sea. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore 12 NOC's are scheduled to make their Winter Youth Olympics debuts: Albania, Azerbaijan, Ecuador, Haiti, Hong Kong, Kosovo, Pakistan, Qatar, Singapore, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turkmenistan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics Haiti, Qatar and Turkmenistan have also never competed at the Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics 12 NOC's are scheduled to make their Winter Youth Olympics debuts: Albania, Azerbaijan, Ecuador, Haiti, Hong Kong, Kosovo, Pakistan, Qatar, Singapore, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turkmenistan. Haiti, Qatar and Turkmenistan have also never competed at the Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics Previous Olympic opening ceremonies in Japan, such as the 1998 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Nagano, mixed ancient Japanese cultural elements with themes of international peace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony As the originator of the Olympics, the Greek team will enter first. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony In December 2018, organizers stated that although the Olympic cauldron will be officially lit and extinguished at the stadium, the flame will be transferred to a separate, public cauldron (following the lead of 2010 and 2016) on the Tokyo riverfront while the Games are in progress, and transferred back to New National Stadium for the closing ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony During organizing talks in late 2020, concerns were raised over who could attend the Opening Ceremony. In July 2021, the organizers agreed that the ceremony would be performed with no live audience, except for on competing athletes if they choose to attend, a maximum of six officials for each countries delegation and invited VIP guests. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony This was followed by a ceremony in which athletes took an oath of sportsmanship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony The artistic program is what creates the idiosyncratic element of each ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony Each Opening Ceremony has a theme selected by the host nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony It is not compulsory for athletes to participate in the opening ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony In 2010, dove figures were projected on the stage floor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony After each Olympic event is completed, a medal ceremony is held. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony During the Summer Olympics, this is usually the men's marathon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony It is currently passed on to the next organizing city of the Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony It is currently passed on to the next organizing city of the Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony Since the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, the artistic presentations have continued to grow in scale and complexity. The opening ceremony at the Beijing Games, for example, reportedly cost US$100 million, with much of the cost incurring in the artistic portion of the ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony (Experienced athletes brought newspapers to cover themselves because of the birds' droppings.) The release was discontinued after several doves perched themselves at the cauldron's rim and were burned alive in the Olympic flame during the opening ceremony of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony Since the 2006 Winter Olympics, the medals for the men's 50 km cross-country skiing event were presented at the closing ceremony. The medallists national flags are then hoisted and the national anthem of the gold medallist's country is played. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Games ceremony On May 2014, a new restaurant was reopened on the former pier under the same namesake The Clifford Pier, as part of the Fullerton Bay Hotel, offering a wide selection of local, Asian, and Western dishes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clifford Pier In 2008 the site was converted into a restaurant, One on the Bund, with Chinese cuisine. This restaurant closed in 2014 and was replaced by another restaurant, The Clifford Pier, which offers a selection of local, Asian, and Western dishes under the operations of the Fullerton Bay Hotel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Clifford Pier Pyeongchang was formally elected as host of the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics on 10 January 2020 at the 135th IOC Session in Lausanne, Switzerland as all of the requirements were fulfilled to the satisfaction of the Commission and the Executive Board. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2024 Winter Youth Olympics The ceremony began at 21:00 BST and lasted almost four hours. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Paul McCartney was to be the ceremony's closing act. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony It then switched to a sequence filmed outside the stadium shortly before the ceremony, superimposed with posters from previous Summer Olympics (all of them except 1900 Paris, 1936 Berlin, 1984 Los Angeles, and 1996 Atlanta), to a recording of "Map of the Problematique" by Muse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony This had been written especially for the ceremony by Rick Smith of Underworld. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony "Reviewing the 2014 Winter Olympics opening ceremony at Sochi, Russia, Owen Gibson of The Guardian observed that with his 'complex, intimate snapshot of "who we were, who we are and who we wish to be"', Boyle “rewrote the rule book for opening ceremonies”. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The 2012 ceremony was the second time the Queen had opened an Olympic Games, the first being the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal in her capacity as Queen of Canada. It was also the first time any individual had opened a Summer Olympics twice (two more Olympiads had been opened on her behalf, with a further two Winter Games opened on her behalf). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Dmitry Medvedev said "It was an exceptional spectacle, very well prepared and quite rich ... it succeeded in creating a very British atmosphere ... they managed to find the right language ... to communicate." Panos Samaras of Greece's NET said "it was more like a big musical, a rock opera ... than an Olympics ceremony". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony This was the first Olympic opening ceremony to be held indoors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony " Fraser's office received numerous complaints regarding the ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony On December 15, 2010, John Furlong, the CEO of VANOC revealed that Celine Dion had been contracted to sing the national anthem at the Opening Ceremony. However, when she became pregnant she cancelled the performance and was subsequently replaced by 16-year-old Nikki Yanofsky. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The flag ceremony was followed by the singing of the Games theme song and remarks by Ng Ser Miang, Chairman of the Singapore Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee, and Jacques Rogge, President of the International Olympic Committee. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics It subsequently closed for renovations from 18 August till the end of 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics In the next segment "Blazing the Trail", 5 young singers performed an upbeat song while students dressed to resemble the "Spirit of Youth", the Singapore 2010 emblem, performed a mass display item. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The Youth Olympic Flame was then finally extinguished to the sounds of a flugelhorn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics He said: "It's not the first time this has happened at the Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Coverage of those games was limited to a one-hour daily highlights package on Sportsnet and TSN2 (rebroadcast several weeks later on TSN). The consortium did not, however, own rights to the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics in Innsbruck. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The Youth Games are modelled after these sporting events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games The YOG are also a successor to the discontinued World Youth Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games Finally, on 21 February 2008, Singapore was declared host of the inaugural Youth Olympic Games 2010 via live telecast from Lausanne, Switzerland, winning by a tally of 53 votes to 44 for Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games The most recent Winter YOG was the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic Games of Lausanne. The next Summer YOG to take place will be the 2026 Summer Youth Olympics of Dakar while the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics will take place in Gangwon, South Korea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games The city of Singapore was announced as the host of the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics on 21 February 2008. On 12 December 2008 the IOC announced that Innsbruck, host of the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics, would be the host of the inaugural Winter Youth Olympics in 2012. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games The athlete's age is determined by how old he or she is by 31 December of the year they are participating in the YOG. Qualification to participate in the Youth Olympics is determined by the IOC in conjunction with the International Sport Federations (ISF) for the various sports on the program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games In January 2008, the candidates were further pared down to just Moscow and Singapore. Finally, on 21 February 2008, Singapore was declared host of the inaugural Youth Olympic Games 2010 via live telecast from Lausanne, Switzerland, winning by a tally of 53 votes to 44 for Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Youth Olympic Games The AFP called it "a spectacular opening ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony "World leaders were also impressed by the opening ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony In the United States, NBC concluded its broadcast with a message saying that their coverage of the opening ceremony was dedicated in memory of Jim McKay, longtime Olympics broadcaster with rival ABC, who died on 7 June. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony The 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony was held at the Beijing National Stadium, also known as the Bird's Nest. It began at 20:00 China Standard Time (UTC+08:00) on Friday, 8 August 2008, as the number 8 is considered to be auspicious. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Featuring 15,000 performers, the ceremony lasted over four hours and was reported to have cost over US$100 million to produce. The opening ceremony was lauded by spectators and numerous international presses as spectacular and spellbinding, and by many accounts "the greatest ever in the history of Olympics". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony He is also responsible for The Fullerton Heritage project (The Fullerton Hotel Singapore and associated buildings) in Singapore. The waterfront precinct comprises four historic buildings and three modern architecture; it has received a number of awards in heritage conservation and hospitality. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Daryl Ng Fullerton was incorporated in 1904, but not officially recognized until 1907, due to conflicts at that time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fullerton, California Fullerton was founded as a railroad town and is still bisected by the BNSF Railway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fullerton, California The 2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony (中国2010年上海世界博览会开幕式) occurred on April 30, 2010 at the Shanghai World Expo Cultural Center in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, a day before the opening of the Expo 2010.The opening ceremony was planned and designed by ECA2's founder, Yves Pepin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony He was taken to the Ruijin Hospital in Shanghai, and therefore couldn't attend the ceremony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Shanghai Expo opening ceremony The 1906 Intercalated Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first-ever Games to be held on the African continent. Other major geographic regions which have never hosted the Olympics include the Middle East, Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Central America and the Caribbean. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities heading the six-person IOC Coordination Commission made up of several Olympians including Danka Bartekova, the youngest IOC Member and Young Ambassador from the inaugural Youth Olympic Games in Singapore in 2010. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics They were the first Youth Olympic Games held outside of Eurasia, and the first Summer Games held outside of Asia and the first to be held in the Western and Southern hemispheres. It was the second Olympic Games held in South America after the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The ceremony started with the Indian national anthem which was played live at the stadium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony Youth Olympics include educational experience based on Olympic values that promote healthy lifestyles and allow young athletes to become well-rounded people with "true sporting spirits." Well-known athletes and "international specialists" guide the young participants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics On 17 March 2014 37 athletes from the 28 Olympic sports were chosen by the IOC to be role models at the 2014 Youth Olympics. The athletes will offer support, mentor and advice to the participating youth Olympians. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Both the latter and Hotel Michael (11-storey hotel named after Michael Graves, topped out on 15 July 2009 and was opened on 20 January 2010), sits on the area of the former Sentosa Musical Fountain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of hotels in Singapore The hotel was topped-out on 27 February 2009 and opened on 20 January 2010. Both the latter and Hotel Michael (11-storey hotel named after Michael Graves, topped out on 15 July 2009 and was opened on 20 January 2010), sits on the area of the former Sentosa Musical Fountain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of hotels in Singapore It was originally known as the Fullerton Building, and also as the General Post Office Building. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore In fact, the Fullerton Building was built over reclaimed land. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore It was built to replace the Fort Canning Light, which was decommissioned in 1979 since it was gradually blocked because of globalization and the construction of more high-rise buildings in Singapore. The location of the previous lighthouse is now being occupied by The Lighthouse Restaurant, to keep up with the modern style of the Fullerton Hotel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore Melanie Chew (2001). Memories of the Fullerton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The IOC voted to select the host city of the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session at the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Lausanne was selected by 71 votes to 10, as it got at least 41 votes needed for a majority. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Winter Youth Olympics Dentsu's creative director for these ceremonies, Kaoru Sugano, resigned in January 2020 over harassment claims. Previous Olympic opening ceremonies in Japan, such as the 1998 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Nagano, mixed ancient Japanese cultural elements with themes of international peace. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony While the presentation of the Games has evolved with improvements in technology and the desire of the host nations to showcase their own artistic expression, the basic events of each ceremony have remained unchanged. The presentation of the Opening and Closing Ceremonies continue to increase in scope, scale, and expense with each successive celebration of the Games, but they are still steeped in tradition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olympic Games ceremony The presentation of the Opening and Closing Ceremonies continue to increase in scope, scale, and expense with each successive celebration of the Games, but they are still steeped in tradition. The 2028 Los Angeles Olympics organisers propose that the opening and closing ceremonies will each, for the first time, be staged across two stadiums. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olympic Games ceremony Traditionally, the men's marathon is held in the last hours of competition on the last day of the Olympics, and the race is won just before the start of the closing ceremony. However, recent Summer Olympiads in Atlanta, Athens, Beijing, London, and Rio staged the marathon in the early morning due to heat problems in the host city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Olympic Games ceremony The host city was announced at the 135th IOC Session on 10 January 2020 at the SwissTech Convention Center in Lausanne, Switzerland during the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics. This is the first Olympic event with the new bidding process. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2024 Winter Youth Olympics Pyeongchang was formally elected as host of the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics on 10 January 2020 at the 135th IOC Session in Lausanne, Switzerland as all of the requirements were fulfilled to the satisfaction of the Commission and the Executive Board. There were 82 members eligible to vote. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2024 Winter Youth Olympics The Queen declared the competition officially open, immediately followed by a trumpet fanfare based on a theme from Tubular Bells by Mike Oldfield and then a fireworks display. The 2012 ceremony was the second time the Queen had opened an Olympic Games, the first being the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal in her capacity as Queen of Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Panos Samaras of Greece's NET said "it was more like a big musical, a rock opera ... than an Olympics ceremony". French sports newspaper L'Équipe wrote that it "took the classic from such events and had fun with them" whilst Le Parisien said it "was magnificent, inventive and offbeat drawing heavily on the roots of British identity". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony As the London 2012 Summer Olympics approached, the tide of scepticism seemed almost irreversible. There was the heavy-handed sponsorship, the draconian security, the ticketing problems, the ballooning budget, and the lurking fear that the Opening Ceremony might be, in director Danny Boyle's pungent description, 'shite'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Russell Moon Days of Wonders: Inside the 2012 Opening Ceremony. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Inside the 2012 Opening Ceremony. The Oak House Partnership, 2012. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony This was the first Olympic opening ceremony to be held indoors. It was directed by David Atkins. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony The team left an empty space in the processional and left the stadium immediately following the procession. They had indicated they would not participate in the opening ceremony or withdraw completely, but decided against doing so. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony You've got Canada nailed." He also found the ceremony lacked a portrayal of contemporary urban Canadian society. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony Youth Olympic Lanes were designated along key routes for faster access to all YOG venues. The Youth Olympic Village (YOV) of the Games housed over 5,000 athletes and team officials for 18 days from 10 to 28 August 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The Youth Olympic Village (YOV) of the Games housed over 5,000 athletes and team officials for 18 days from 10 to 28 August 2010. Located in Nanyang Technological University (NTU), the YOV served as accommodation and a preparation point for the Games, and also hosted specially designed cultural and educational activities for athletes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The SYOGOC launched an international emblem design competition on 29 July 2008 through 29 August 2008 through its official website, requiring that the emblem incorporate the three themes of the Singapore identity, the Olympic ideals, and a youthful spirit. The emblem competition for the Games attracted 1,500 participants, and the winning design entitled "Spirit of Youth" was unveiled on 10 January 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Plans for the Youth Olympic torch relay, dubbed the Journey of the Youth Olympic Flame (JYOF), were unveiled on 26 January 2010. The torch used was 60 cm (24 in) high, 5 to 8 centimetres (2.0 to 3.1 in) wide, and weighed 0.74 kg (1.6 lb). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Following Olympic tradition, the flag of Greece entered first as the originator of the games, and the flag of Singapore entered last as the host nation. The flag ceremony was followed by the singing of the Games theme song and remarks by Ng Ser Miang, Chairman of the Singapore Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee, and Jacques Rogge, President of the International Olympic Committee. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The flag ceremony was followed by the singing of the Games theme song and remarks by Ng Ser Miang, Chairman of the Singapore Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee, and Jacques Rogge, President of the International Olympic Committee. The Singapore Games were then officially declared opened by S.R. Nathan, the President of Singapore. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics In the next segment "Blazing the Trail", 5 young singers performed an upbeat song while students dressed to resemble the "Spirit of Youth", the Singapore 2010 emblem, performed a mass display item. Following the item, the athletes and the flags representing all competing nations made their way onto the floating platform. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics He said: "It's not the first time this has happened at the Olympics. But this is a first for a medal match. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Summer Youth Olympics The Youth Games are modelled after these sporting events. The YOG are also a successor to the discontinued World Youth Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Youth Olympic Games There are several goals for the YOG, and four of them include bringing together the world's best young athletes, offering an introduction into Olympism, innovating in educating and debating Olympic values. The city of Singapore was announced as the host of the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics on 21 February 2008. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Youth Olympic Games The opening ceremony was lauded by spectators and numerous international presses as spectacular and spellbinding, and by many accounts "the greatest ever in the history of Olympics". It drew rave reviews from media around the world, and was praised for its magnitude and ingenuity, attracting a huge worldwide TV audience. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Count Rogge, President of the International Olympic Committee, described the ceremony as "spectacular" and an "unforgettable and moving ceremony that celebrated the imagination, originality and energy of the Beijing Games." He furthermore hailed the Beijing National Stadium as "one of the world's new wonders" and a "fitting setting for an amazing Opening Ceremony." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony In the United States, NBC concluded its broadcast with a message saying that their coverage of the opening ceremony was dedicated in memory of Jim McKay, longtime Olympics broadcaster with rival ABC, who died on 7 June. ABC "loaned" McKay to NBC to serve as a special correspondent during their coverage of the Salt Lake City Olympics. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony Both Ramos and Cicinelli were found not guilty of any criminal charges. Both were terminated by Fullerton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fullerton, California It was founded in the late 1970s by Ralph Kennedy, a fair housing and civil rights activist who advocated saving Coyote Hills as an open space. In 2010, the city of Fullerton and the Orange County Register came out in court against the then 32-year-old Fullerton Observer in its request to adjudicate the paper. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fullerton, California This will change the profile of turn twelve, as drivers will now use the other side of the Anderson Bridge at 190 km/ h (120 mph), while the hairpin at turn 13 (in front of Fullerton Hotel) has been widened by a metre in order to increase overtaking opportunities with braking to 67 km/h --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marina Bay Street Circuit The 2018 Summer Youth Olympics (Spanish: Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud de 2018), officially known as the III Summer Youth Olympic Games, and commonly known as Buenos Aires 2018, were an international sports, cultural, and educational event held in Buenos Aires, Argentina between 6 and 18 October 2018. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics FIFA also decided to replace football with futsal at the Buenos Aires Youth Olympics, while other sports such as skateboarding were being considered for the programme. Roller speed skating was added to the Olympic programme on 17 March 2017.Three years before the event, a survey showed that public support had reached 82.3 percent in favour of the Youth Olympic games in Buenos Aires. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The 2018 Summer Youth Olympics featured 239 events in 32 sports. 239 events, there will be 12 mixed team events (Mixed-NOCs), 9 mixed team events (NOCs), 1 open event (Equestrian), 113 men's events, and 102 women's events. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The official emblem of the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was presented in July 2015, three years before the games. The emblem reflects the diversity of Buenos Aires and it is inspired by the city's vibrant colours, eclectic culture, iconic architecture and the many neighbourhoods that make up the Argentine capital. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Summer Youth Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2010 Commonwealth Games was held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event, in New Delhi, India. It began at 7:00 PM (IST) on 3 October 2010 ending at 10:00 PM (IST) displaying India's varied culture in a plethora of cultural showcases. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony The Youth Olympic torch was designed by the Vatti Corporation Ltd. The torch is known as the "Gate of Happiness." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Youth Olympic Games incorporate a Cultural and Education Program, featuring a variety of cultural and educational activities for young people. Youth Olympics include educational experience based on Olympic values that promote healthy lifestyles and allow young athletes to become well-rounded people with "true sporting spirits." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Summer Youth Olympics The 2010 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony took place on 11 June at the Soccer City stadium in Johannesburg, two hours before the opening match of the tournament. The ceremony started at 2pm local time and lasted 40 minutes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2010 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony It was originally known as the Fullerton Building, and also as the General Post Office Building. The address is 1 Fullerton Square. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore Plans to erect Fullerton Building were drawn up in 1920. However, due to a lack of funds, construction only began in February 1924. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore Renovation works on the Fullerton Building were completed on 8 December 2000. The Fullerton Hotel Singapore was officially opened by then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong on 1 January 2001.The site, sandwiched between the Civic District and the central business district, was sold together with an underpass and the seafront site on which One Fullerton now stands for S$110 million. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The Fullerton Hotel Singapore has 400 rooms and suites which either overlook the atrium courtyard, or face downtown Singapore's skyline, the Singapore River promenade or the Marina Bay. The hotel has a 25-metre outdoor infinity swimming pool, fitness centre and a luxury spa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore The Fullerton Hotel Singapore won the Condé Nast Traveler Gold List award. On 18 July 2001, the hotel received an architectural heritage award from the Urban Redevelopment Authority for its successful restoration of the former Fullerton Building. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Fullerton Hotel Singapore
23705.	Q: Between the two figures depicted in the War Memorial at Hyde Park, which one has more of his neck showing, the one with rocks at his feet, or the one without rocks at his feet? Title = (1)War Memorial Hyde Park-4 Description = Title = (1)War Memorial Hyde Park-5 Description = A: The one without rocks at his feet Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Significant figures, War memorial, The One, One Plus One Is One, National War Memorial (India), Friends (season 1), Which Wich?, The Two Fridas, Hidden Figures, Which (command), Hoka One One, Redipuglia War Memorial, Hyde Park Live, Kargil War Memorial, Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings, Hyde Park, Boston, Which Bitch?, The One (company), Marine Corps War Memorial, One Thousand and One Nights, Hyde Park, Chicago, Which?, One on One (soundtrack), That Which Survives, Congruence (geometry), Pledge of Allegiance, Hyde Park, London, Hyde Park, One by One, Hyde Park on Hudson, World War II Memorial, Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures), Every Which Way but Loose, Hyde Park, New York, Civilian War Memorial, List of Billboard Hot 100 number-ones by British artists, Two Figures (1953), Atlantean figures, The One (shopping centre), Vietnam Veterans Memorial, War Memorial of Korea, Australian War Memorial, One Hyde Park, In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones, Geomantic figures, New Hyde Park, New York, Father Figures, Two Figures, One-to-one, List of Billboard Hot 100 number ones by Canadian artists Toggle details	Hyde Park is also home to one of Boston's two municipal golf courses. --- (0.27, 0.1, 0.17) Hyde Park, Boston ≈ 0.02with one, two, and one significant figures respectively. --- (0.23, 0.14, 0.09) Significant figures Hyde Park is one of Chicago's more racially diverse neighborhoods. --- (0.21, 0.12, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago The bronze sculpture is of two human profiles, one male and the other female and faces Hyde Park and the Serpentine. --- (0.21, 0.07, 0.13999999999999999) One Hyde Park σx has only one or two significant figures as more precise uncertainty has no meaning. --- (0.2, 0.11, 0.09000000000000001) Significant figures Each of the figures is composed of four lines, each line containing either one or two points. --- (0.2, 0.11, 0.09000000000000001) Geomantic figures ≈ 0.02with one, two, and one significant figures respectively. (2 here is assumed not an exact number.) --- (0.19, 0.1, 0.09) Significant figures 0.01234 × 2 = 0.02468 ≈ 0.02with one, two, and one significant figures respectively. --- (0.18, 0.09, 0.09) Significant figures For two decades, the Hyde Park House served as a focal point of Hyde Park social life. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Hyde Park, Chicago Second, draw a vector from one of the vertices of the one of the figures to the corresponding vertex of the other figure. Translate the first figure by this vector so that these two vertices match. --- (0.18, 0.09, 0.09) Congruence (geometry) Although the two figures appear separate, a vein connecting the two further symbolises that despite the differences in the two figures they both make up one Frida; together they make the self-portrait. --- (0.17, 0.08, 0.09000000000000001) The Two Fridas It became one of the largest fan manufacturing plants in the world. The plant employed 1,500 people in Hyde Park. --- (0.16, 0.08, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston It is housed in the former Hyde Park Municipal Building. The building was renovated in 2007 in order to accommodate more services and people. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is also home to one of Boston's two municipal golf courses. George Wright Golf Course is named after former Hyde Park resident and hall of fame baseball player George Wright. --- (0.16, 0.05, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston There are a number of assorted statues and memorials around Hyde Park. The Cavalry Memorial was built in 1924 at Stanhope Gate. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Hyde Park, London (Grew later served as chairman of the new Town of Hyde Park's first Board of Selectmen and was one of its most prominent citizens.) --- (0.15, 0.07, 0.07999999999999999) Hyde Park, Boston The poverty rate for Hyde Park, reported as being 10%, is also below the national average (14%). These figures include 586 families. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park community area has supported the Democratic Party in the past two presidential elections by overwhelming margins. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Hyde Park, Chicago First, match and label the corresponding vertices of the two figures. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Congruence (geometry) " Bellamy then reflected on the sayings of Revolutionary and Civil War figures, and concluded "all that pictured struggle reduced itself to three words, one Nation indivisible. --- (0.15, 0.07, 0.07999999999999999) Pledge of Allegiance The Women's Memorial was designed by Glenna Goodacre for the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. Before Goodacre's design was selected, two design entries had been awarded as co-finalists – one a statue and the other a setting – however, the two designs were unable to be reconciled. --- (0.15, 0.05, 0.09999999999999999) Vietnam Veterans Memorial For figures with only one active element, that element by default is its ruling element; other combinations of active and passive elements require more introspection to assign rulerships. --- (0.15, 0.07, 0.07999999999999999) Geomantic figures The result of adding two figures is usually interpreted to mean the interaction between the two parties (the parent figures) or the present situation (when one parent represents the past and the other parent represents the future). --- (0.15, 0.07, 0.07999999999999999) Geomantic figures The figure resembles a crossroads or joining of two figures. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Geomantic figures New Hyde Park lies in the towns of Hempstead and North Hempstead in Nassau County, with Jericho Turnpike being the border between the two. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) New Hyde Park, New York Upon the rectilinear base stand two highly stylized figures. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Two Figures There are subtle differences between the two figures. The one on the proper right (PR) is slightly shorter than its partner on the proper left (PL). --- (0.15, 0.07, 0.07999999999999999) Two Figures The tragic motor accident that left her bedridden and then with medical problems throughout her life is shown through the two figures; one is weak whilst the other is strong. --- (0.14, 0.07, 0.07) The Two Fridas Both plans would have created a highway that would have passed through land in Hyde Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park residents considered seceding from the City of Boston. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston After two years, with input from city agencies and the community at large, BRA adopted the Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to roughly 7,000 school-aged children and has experienced one of the fastest growth rates in the city in the number of children. --- (0.14, 0.07, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston It is housed in the former Hyde Park Municipal Building. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park plaques decorate the area across the street from the Hyde Park Library. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston The Providence/Stoughton branch also stops at Hyde Park station in Cleary Square, and the Franklin branch has scheduled stops at all three stations, while servicing mainly the one at Readville. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Hyde Park, Boston The issue united Hyde Park with surrounding areas in an attempt to form a new school district for the purpose of avoiding desegregation. Public tension over busing lasted for more than a decade. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Boston The Community Center provides diverse activities including adult education classes, senior citizen computer training and youth sports. Hyde Park is also home to one of Boston's two municipal golf courses. --- (0.14, 0.04, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park House burned down in an 1879 fire. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is one of Chicago's more racially diverse neighborhoods. Its population is 47.6% White, 26.8% African American, 12.1% Asian American, 8.5% Hispanic, and 5.0% of other races or of more than one race. --- (0.14, 0.04, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago Which? is one of the 'specified bodies' who, under the Enterprise and Competition Acts, may bring proceedings before the Competition Appeals Tribunal (CAT) on behalf of two or more consumers for damages. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Which? During daylight, the two parks merge seamlessly into each other, but Kensington Gardens closes at dusk, and Hyde Park remains open throughout the year from 5 a.m. until midnight. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, London Over a million protesters are reported to have attended the Hyde Park event alone. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, London Subsequently, Hyde Park has featured some of the most significant concerts in rock. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, London It is one of several TfL-coordinated cycle routes to cross the Park. CS3 also crosses Hyde Park Corner on its route towards Westminster and the City of London. --- (0.14, 0.07, 0.07) Hyde Park, London It measures 7 ft × 10 ft (2.1 m × 3.0 m), and depicts two figures: one swimming underwater and one clothed male figure looking down at the swimmer. --- (0.14, 0.06, 0.08000000000000002) Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) In 2016, it was estimated 21,048 people lived in Hyde Park. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, New York The name of the area was changed to "Hyde Park" around 1810. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, New York The request was granted as the "Hyde Park Post Office". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, New York The settlement gradually came to be known not as Stoutenburgh but as Hyde Park, which it officially became in 1812. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Hyde Park, New York On July 1, 1980, a site covering two acres next to the Lincoln Memorial was chosen and authorized by Congress where the World War I Munitions Building previously stood. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Vietnam Veterans Memorial It was later donated to the War Memorial of Korea and repainted with USAF markings. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) War Memorial of Korea The following individuals have served as Directors of the Australian War Memorial: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Australian War Memorial The sculpture Search for Enlightenment by Simon Gudgeon was unveiled on 19 January 2012 to mark the first anniversary of One Hyde Park. The bronze sculpture is of two human profiles, one male and the other female and faces Hyde Park and the Serpentine. --- (0.14, 0.04, 0.1) One Hyde Park He named it Hyde Park in honor of his wife, Ann Hyde. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) New Hyde Park, New York Upon the rectilinear base stand two highly stylized figures. Each figure is somewhat lozenge-shaped and rises vertically. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Two Figures The Redipuglia War Memorial (Italian: Sacrario militare di Redipuglia) is a World War --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Redipuglia War Memorial Hyde Park also has a branch of the Boston Public Library. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Boston Alpheus Perley Blake is considered the founder of Hyde Park. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan was adopted by BRA. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has a significant number of individuals who are foreign-born. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park contains almost all the amenities of a city, but in a suburban environment. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Boston In 1861, Hyde Park was incorporated as an independent township (called Hyde Park Township). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Chicago 57th streets host most of the businesses in Hyde Park. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Chicago campaign of Wendy's. She was a longtime Hyde Park resident. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is the largest Royal Park in central London. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, London The first coherent landscaping in Hyde Park began in 1726. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, London There are a number of assorted statues and memorials around Hyde Park. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, London Several main roads run around the perimeter of Hyde Park. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park, London Cycle Superhighway 3 (CS3) begins at Lancaster Gate, on the northern perimeter of Hyde Park. It is one of several TfL-coordinated cycle routes to cross the Park. --- (0.13, 0.06, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park on Hudson received mixed reviews from critics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Hyde Park on Hudson The construction of the War Memorial of Korea was completed in December 1993. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) War Memorial of Korea It is currently on a long-term loan to the War Memorial of Korea. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) War Memorial of Korea No continuous roadway links the two points, but there is a clear line of sight from the front balcony of Parliament House to the War Memorial, and from the front steps of the War Memorial back to Parliament House. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Australian War Memorial Each of the figures is composed of four lines, each line containing either one or two points. Each line represents one of the four classical elements: from top to bottom, the lines represent fire, air, water, and earth. --- (0.13, 0.06, 0.07) Geomantic figures It also uses the New Hyde Park postal code, 11040. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) New Hyde Park, New York 91 has two significant figures (9 and 1) if they are measurement-allowed digits. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Significant figures Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme (British World War I Memorial) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) War memorial Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial (USA World War II Memorial) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) War memorial Great Western Railway War Memorial, at Paddington station (to the west) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) War memorial War Memorial Stadium (for list of stadiums so named in the United States) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) War memorial 25 February 2019 - The National War Memorial is inaugurated. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) National War Memorial (India) Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated two bombs during British military ceremonies in Hyde Park and Regent's Park, both in central London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Explosives experts believed that the Hyde Park bomb was remotely triggered by an IRA member inside the park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Unlike the Hyde Park bomb, it contained no nails and seemed to be designed to cause minimal harm to bystanders. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Hyde Park is the southernmost neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston In the early part of the 20th Century, Hyde Park hosted harness racing. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Interstate 695 and the Southwest Corridor would have run right though Hyde Park, effectively cutting it in half. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Nationally, Ayanna Pressley represents Hyde Park in the US House of Representatives. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston A primary community resource is the BCYF Hyde Park Community Center. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston 11 parks and playgrounds are spread across Hyde Park as well as numerous open spaces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston The bronze plaques commemorate special people and events of Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Of the roughly 12,000 housing units in Hyde Park, 60% are owner-occupied. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Some sections of Hyde Park experienced foreclosures at twice the rate of the rest of Boston, and triple what the rate had been in 2006. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston The Boston Public School system operates the public schools in Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park High School (building now known as Hyde Park Education Complex) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston In 1912, the library became part of the Boston Public Library after Hyde Park was annexed by Boston. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Childe Hassam, artist, lived in Hyde Park in his early years --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Both plans would have created a highway that would have passed through land in Hyde Park. The projects were started but, because of public opposition, were never finished. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to roughly 7,000 school-aged children and has experienced one of the fastest growth rates in the city in the number of children. 39% of Hyde Park residents are married. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is the 41st of the 77 community areas of Chicago. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center which is being built in Jackson Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park Township remained independent of Chicago until it was annexed to the city in 1889. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago The Hyde Park Herald, the neighborhood's community newspaper, was established in 1882 and continues to be published weekly. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1891 (two years after Hyde Park was annexed to the city of Chicago), the University of Chicago was established in Hyde Park through the philanthropy of John D. Rockefeller and the leadership of William Rainey Harper. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago The part of Hyde Park located east of the Metra tracks is locally called East Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago The southeastern corner of Hyde Park contains the northern end of Jackson Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago He was raised in Hyde Park by his legal guardians Bill Ayers and Bernardine Dohrn. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago 53rd, 55th, and 57th streets host most of the businesses in Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, Chicago So two distinct plane figures on a piece of paper are congruent if we can cut them out and then match them up completely. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Congruence (geometry) In analytic geometry, congruence may be defined intuitively thus: two mappings of figures onto one Cartesian coordinate system are congruent if and only if, for any two points in the first mapping, the Euclidean distance between them is equal to the Euclidean distance between the corresponding points in the second mapping. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Congruence (geometry) So two distinct plane figures on a piece of paper are congruent if we can cut them out and then match them up completely. Turning the paper over is permitted. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Congruence (geometry) The true reason for allegiance to the flag is the Republic for which it stands. " Bellamy then reflected on the sayings of Revolutionary and Civil War figures, and concluded "all that pictured struggle reduced itself to three words, one Nation indivisible. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Pledge of Allegiance Hyde Park is a Grade I-listed major park in Central London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Several duels took place in Hyde Park during this time, often involving members of the nobility. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Kensington Gardens has been separate from Hyde Park since 1728, when Queen Caroline divided them. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park was created for hunting by Henry Vlll in 1536 after he acquired the manor of Hyde from the Abbey. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London At the start of the English Civil War in 1642, a series of fortifications were built along the east side of the park, including forts at what is now Marble Arch, Mount Street and Hyde Park Corner. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London During the Great Plague of London in 1665, Hyde Park was used as a military camp. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Baron Thurlow fought Andrew Stuart in a Hyde Park duel in 1770. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park has been a major venue for several Royal jubilees and celebrations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Victoria remained fond of Hyde Park in the final years of her life and often drove there twice a day. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London Flowers were first planted in Hyde Park in 1860 by William Andrews Nesfield. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London The sculptor Jacob Epstein constructed several works in Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London As well as Speakers' Corner, several important mass demonstrations have occurred in Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London The Rolling Stones headlined a concert (later released as The Stones in the Park) on 5 July that year, two days after the death of founding member Brian Jones, and is now remembered as one of the most famous gigs of the 1960s. --- (0.12, 0.05, 0.06999999999999999) Hyde Park, London Since 2011, Radio 2 Live in Hyde Park has taken place each September. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London CS3 also crosses Hyde Park Corner on its route towards Westminster and the City of London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, London The memorial is administered by the National Park Service under its National Mall and Memorial Parks group. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) World War II Memorial Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park, East Park, Staatsburg, and Haviland. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park's population was 21,571 at the 2010 United States Census. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park—the hamlet of Hyde Park is on Route 9 near the Hudson River. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, New York The request was granted as the "Hyde Park Post Office". The settlement gradually came to be known not as Stoutenburgh but as Hyde Park, which it officially became in 1812. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Hyde Park, New York Located within the War Memorial Park at Beach Road within the Central Area, Singapore's central business district, it is usually easy to spot in most backdrops encompassing the CBD landscape. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Civilian War Memorial Eventually, $8.4 million was raised by private donations. On July 1, 1980, a site covering two acres next to the Lincoln Memorial was chosen and authorized by Congress where the World War I Munitions Building previously stood. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vietnam Veterans Memorial On July 1, 1980, a site covering two acres next to the Lincoln Memorial was chosen and authorized by Congress where the World War I Munitions Building previously stood. Congress announced that the winner of a design competition would design the park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Northwell's Cohen Children's Medical Center is also located in New Hyde Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) New Hyde Park, New York The former might be in error by hundreds, and the latter might be in error by hundreds of thousands, but both have two significant figures (5 and 2). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Significant figures The Liberty Memorial, located in Kansas City, Missouri, is a memorial dedicated to all Americans who served in the Great War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) War memorial Great Eastern Railway War Memorial, at Liverpool Street station (to the east) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) War memorial A National War Museum will be constructed in the adjoining Princess Park area and will be connected to the memorial through an underground tunnel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National War Memorial (India) 1 January 2019 - The National War Memorial's construction is complete (not of the museum). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National War Memorial (India) Some art historians have suggested that the two figures in the painting are a representation of Frida's dual heritage. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Two Fridas An interpretation of this is that it not only shows two separate personalities but indicates the constant pain that Frida is going through. The tragic motor accident that left her bedridden and then with medical problems throughout her life is shown through the two figures; one is weak whilst the other is strong. --- (0.11, 0.05, 0.06) The Two Fridas The tragic motor accident that left her bedridden and then with medical problems throughout her life is shown through the two figures; one is weak whilst the other is strong. Although the two figures appear separate, a vein connecting the two further symbolises that despite the differences in the two figures they both make up one Frida; together they make the self-portrait. --- (0.11, 0.05, 0.06) The Two Fridas Hyde Park Live is a live album by The Rolling Stones, released in 2013. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park Live The same concert was later issued on DVD as Sweet Summer Sun: Live in Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park Live In 1969, The Rolling Stones performed a free concert in Hyde Park just two days after the death of founding member Brian Jones, with the gig also serving as the introduction to new guitarist Mick Taylor. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park Live The Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings were carried out on 20 July 1982 in London, England. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings In 1987, Gilbert "Danny" McNamee was convicted of making the Hyde Park bomb and jailed for 25 years. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings A memorial marks the spot of the Hyde Park bombing; and the troop honours it daily with an eyes-left and salute with drawn swords. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings The bomb had been hidden under the stand some time before and triggered by a timer. Unlike the Hyde Park bomb, it contained no nails and seemed to be designed to cause minimal harm to bystanders. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Hyde Park has taken the motto "A Small Town in the City" because of its suburban feel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park and some of its residents have been important part of societal change in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has also faced other challenges along with its fellow Boston neighborhoods, such as the busing crisis of the 1970s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The issue united Hyde Park with surrounding areas in an attempt to form a new school district for the purpose of avoiding desegregation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to a large Haitian community that arrived from the island during the 1980s and on into the 1990s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Its aim is to change the zoning regulations in Hyde Park, with an emphasis on public transit and pedestrian use. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Though, there is currently a proposal by non Hyde Park residents to create an urban farm that is receiving public resistance. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The poverty rate for Hyde Park, reported as being 10%, is also below the national average (14%). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park YMCA was built in 1902; a major renovation of the original facility was completed in 2010. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston They were created by Gregg Lefevre and installed in 2000 as part of an effort to provide glimpses of Hyde Park's history and culture. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Riverside Theater Works was originally created by Hyde Park resident and music teacher, Marietta --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to the private school Boston Trinity Academy and New Beginnings Academy. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to the private Boston Baptist College, located on Fairmount Hill. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Boston Public Library operates the Hyde Park Branch Library, which won an AIA architectural prize. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Elizabeth Short, waitress and murder victim in 1947, who came to be known as "the Black Dahlia"; born in Hyde Park --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The George Wright Golf Course, named for Baseball Hall of Fame and Boston Red Stockings shortstop George Wright, is in Hyde Park and Roslindale. It is a Donald Ross-designed course and is considered one of his finest designs. --- (0.11, 0.05, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan was adopted by BRA. As of yet, the plan has not met notable public resistance. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston By the time Hyde Park was incorporated into the City of Boston, B.F. Sturtevant Co had a 20-acre industrial park in the Readville area. It became one of the largest fan manufacturing plants in the world. --- (0.11, 0.05, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston The projects were started but, because of public opposition, were never finished. Interstate 695 and the Southwest Corridor would have run right though Hyde Park, effectively cutting it in half. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Interstate 695 and the Southwest Corridor would have run right though Hyde Park, effectively cutting it in half. Hyde Park residents considered seceding from the City of Boston. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park's per capita income of appr. $32,224 is roughly average for the US ($33,706). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The community has been served for over 100 years by the center. It is housed in the former Hyde Park Municipal Building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park plaques decorate the area across the street from the Hyde Park Library. The bronze plaques commemorate special people and events of Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Boston Iwo Jima Sculpture and Memorial Wall at Foster Park in Young Harris, Georgia --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marine Corps War Memorial The area encompassing Hyde Park and the southern part of Kenwood is sometimes referred to as Hyde Park-Kenwood, which includes the neighborhoods of East Hyde Park and Indian Village. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park quickly became a suburban retreat for affluent Chicagoans who wanted to escape the noise and congestion of the rapidly growing city. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago In the early decades of the twentieth century, many upscale hotels were built in Hyde Park (mostly along the lakefront). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago To the west of the Metra line between 54th and 55th streets lies the Hyde Park Shopping Center. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago The Hyde Park Chapel of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is connected to the rest of the city by CTA buses and the Metra Electric Line. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago Amelia Earhart (day resident as student of Hyde Park High School) – aviator --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1857, the Hyde Park House, an upscale hotel, was built on the shore of Lake Michigan near the 53rd Street railroad station. For two decades, the Hyde Park House served as a focal point of Hyde Park social life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago During this period, it was visited or lived in by many prominent guests, including Mary Todd Lincoln, who lived there with her children for two and a half months in the summer of 1865 (shortly after her husband was assassinated). The Hyde Park House burned down in an 1879 fire. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, Chicago This means that either object can be repositioned and reflected (but not resized) so as to coincide precisely with the other object. So two distinct plane figures on a piece of paper are congruent if we can cut them out and then match them up completely. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Congruence (geometry) Free speech and demonstrations have been a key feature of Hyde Park since the 19th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park was a popular duelling spot during the 18th century, with 172 taking place, leading to 63 fatalities. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The principal effect of the work was to sub-divide Hyde Park and create Kensington Gardens. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The 2nd Viscount Weymouth was made Ranger of Hyde Park in 1739 and shortly after began digging the Serpentine lakes at Longleat. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London One of the most important events to take place in Hyde Park was the Great Exhibition of 1851. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The grand entrance to the park at Hyde Park Corner was designed by Decimus Burton, and was constructed in the 1820s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London During the late 20th century, over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London A pet cemetery was established at the north edge of Hyde Park in the late 19th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The bandstand in Hyde Park was originally built in Kensington Gardens in 1869, moving to its current location in 1886. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The band drew an audience of 150,000 – 200,000, which remains the largest crowd for a Hyde Park concert. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park contains several sporting facilities, including several football pitches and a Tennis centre. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London There are five London Underground stations located on or near the edges of Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens (which is contiguous with Hyde Park). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London Cycle Superhighway 3 (CS3) begins at Lancaster Gate, on the northern perimeter of Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The 7 July Memorial in the park commemorates the victims of 7 July 2005 London bombings. The Standing Stone is a 7-tonne (7.7-ton) monolith at the centre of the Dell, in the east of Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, London The Rolling Stones headlined a concert (later released as The Stones in the Park) on 5 July that year, two days after the death of founding member Brian Jones, and is now remembered as one of the most famous gigs of the 1960s. Pink Floyd returned to Hyde Park on 18 July 1970, playing new material from Atom Heart Mother. --- (0.11, 0.03, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park is a town in Dutchess County, New York, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park is known as the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park was a part of Clinton, New York until 1821, when it was incorporated as a separate town. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, New York The Hulk travels to Hyde Park in Marvel Comics 1997 issue of Avengers (vol. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Hyde Park, New York The Women's Memorial was designed by Glenna Goodacre for the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The center would have also provided biographical details on and photographs of many of the 58,000 names listed on the Wall as well as the more than 6,600 servicemembers killed since 2001 fighting the War on Terror. The $115-million museum would be jointly operated by the Park Service and the Fund. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The War Memorial of Korea is a museum located in Yongsan-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, South Korea. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) War Memorial of Korea The War Memorial was built to commemorate the military veterans and victims in the wars which led to the modern nation state. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) War Memorial of Korea Located on the old site of Army Headquarters, the War Memorial of Korea has four aboveground floors and two underground floors in the main building, which stands on an area of about 20,000 m2 (220,000 sq ft). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) War Memorial of Korea The Memorial is a two-storey building with a floor plan in the shape of a Byzantine cross. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Australian War Memorial One Hyde Park is a major residential and retail complex located in Knightsbridge, London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) One Hyde Park As part of the construction of One Hyde Park, a new entrance to Knightsbridge tube station was built. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) One Hyde Park With the exception of Populus, the ruling element for each figure is always represented as active (a single point in the corresponding line). For figures with only one active element, that element by default is its ruling element; other combinations of active and passive elements require more introspection to assign rulerships. --- (0.11, 0.05, 0.06) Geomantic figures When a post office opened in 1871, the name was changed from Hyde Park to New Hyde Park to avoid confusion with the upstate Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New Hyde Park, New York Referred to by residents as New Hyde Park, the census-designated place (CDP) of North New Hyde Park also lies in North Hempstead. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New Hyde Park, New York New Hyde Park borders the villages of Floral Park, Stewart Manor, Garden City Park, and Garden City. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New Hyde Park, New York Denton House (New Hyde Park, New York) is known as a historic site after citizens fought for its historic designation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New Hyde Park, New York Northwell Health is headquartered in New Hyde Park. Northwell's Cohen Children's Medical Center is also located in New Hyde Park. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) New Hyde Park, New York Artworks done in this theme she considered to represent a relationship between two living things, as opposed to her solo figures which represent a human standing in a landscape. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Two Figures For example, 1300 has three significant figures (and hence indicates that the number is precise to the nearest ten).Less often, using a closely related convention, the last significant figure of a number may be underlined; for example, "1300" has two significant figures. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Significant figures Irish National War Memorial Gardens "to the memory of the 49,400 Irish soldiers who gave their lives in the Great War, 1914–1918" --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) War memorial London, Brighton and South Coast Railway War Memorial, at London Bridge station (to the south east) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) War memorial The chief architect of the National War Memorial is Yogesh Chandrahasan of WeBe Design Lab, Chennai. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National War Memorial (India) The National War Memorial would be constructed at ‘C’ Hexagon of India Gate as approved by the Cabinet in its meeting held in October 2015. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National War Memorial (India) 15 August 2018 - The National War Memorial misses the first deadline for its inauguration. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National War Memorial (India) The chief architect of the National War Memorial is Yogesh Chandrahasan of WeBe Design Lab, Chennai. Chandrahasan, who designed the project, said: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National War Memorial (India) It was recorded at Hyde Park, London on 6 and 13 July 2013 during the band's 50 and Counting Tour. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park Live The Kargil War Memorial, also known as Dras War Memorial, is a war memorial built by the Indian Army in the town of Dras, commemorating the 1999 Kargil War between India and Pakistan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kargil War Memorial The Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings were carried out on 20 July 1982 in London, England. Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated two bombs during British military ceremonies in Hyde Park and Regent's Park, both in central London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Seven of the regiment's horses were also killed or had to be euthanised because of their injuries. Explosives experts believed that the Hyde Park bomb was remotely triggered by an IRA member inside the park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Because of the presence of the Stony Brook Reservation, a large part of Hyde Park's interior is effectively off-limits to any new development. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston In April 2008, the Boston Redevelopment Authority Board, along with Mayor Menino, voted to remap and rezone Hyde Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston The United States Postal Service operates the Hyde Park Post Office in Cleary Square, as well as the Readville Post Office in Wolcott Square. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston George Wright Golf Course is named after former Hyde Park resident and hall of fame baseball player George Wright. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston In the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–08, Hyde Park experienced a large increase in the number of financially distressed properties. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Groundbreaking for the Hyde Park Town Library occurred in December 1898; construction was completed and the building opened in September 1899. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Steven F. Gaughan, police officer killed in the line of duty in Prince George's County; born and raised in Hyde Park --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Boston EMS Ambulance Station 18 is located on Dana Avenue. Hyde Park also has a branch of the Boston Public Library. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston As of yet, the plan has not met notable public resistance. Its aim is to change the zoning regulations in Hyde Park, with an emphasis on public transit and pedestrian use. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston The plant employed 1,500 people in Hyde Park. In the early part of the 20th Century, Hyde Park hosted harness racing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Mayor Menino appointed an advisory group of 13 residents to assist the BRA in creating a comprehensive rezoning plan. After two years, with input from city agencies and the community at large, BRA adopted the Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston After two years, with input from city agencies and the community at large, BRA adopted the Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan. BRA then went on to hire a team of consultants from the urban architecture and design firm of Crosby Schlessinger Smallridge. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston A primary community resource is the BCYF Hyde Park Community Center. The community has been served for over 100 years by the center. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park contains almost all the amenities of a city, but in a suburban environment. The cost of living is very reasonable, especially for the amount of resources it has. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Boston Until the middle of the twentieth century, Hyde Park remained an almost exclusively white neighborhood (despite its proximity to Chicago's Black Belt). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago After the Supreme Court banned racially restrictive covenants in 1948, African Americans began moving into Hyde Park, and the neighborhood gradually became multiracial. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1955, civil rights activist Leon Despres was elected alderman of Hyde Park and held the position for twenty years. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago The ultimate result of the renewal plan was that Hyde Park did not experience the economic depression that occurred in the surrounding areas and became a racially integrated middle-class neighborhood. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago For two decades, the Hyde Park House served as a focal point of Hyde Park social life. During this period, it was visited or lived in by many prominent guests, including Mary Todd Lincoln, who lived there with her children for two and a half months in the summer of 1865 (shortly after her husband was assassinated). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago The Hyde Park House burned down in an 1879 fire. The Sisson Hotel was built on the site in 1918 and was eventually converted into a condominium building (the Hampton House). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago The territory of the township encompassed most of what is now the South Side of Chicago. Hyde Park Township remained independent of Chicago until it was annexed to the city in 1889. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, Chicago Which? is one of the 'specified bodies' who, under the Enterprise and Competition Acts, may bring proceedings before the Competition Appeals Tribunal (CAT) on behalf of two or more consumers for damages. Which? was granted specified body status on 1 October 2005 by the Ministers of the Department of Trade and Industry. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Which? In geometry, two figures or objects are congruent if they have the same shape and size, or if one has the same shape and size as the mirror image of the other. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Congruence (geometry) In this sense, two plane figures are congruent implies that their corresponding characteristics are "congruent" or "equal" including not just their corresponding sides and angles, but also their corresponding diagonals, perimeters, and areas. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Congruence (geometry) " Bellamy then reflected on the sayings of Revolutionary and Civil War figures, and concluded "all that pictured struggle reduced itself to three words, one Nation indivisible. "Bellamy considered the slogan of the French Revolution, Liberté, égalité, fraternité ("liberty, equality, fraternity"), but held that "fraternity was too remote of realization, and … --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Pledge of Allegiance To the southeast, outside the park, is Hyde Park Corner, beyond which is Green Park, St. James's Park and Buckingham Palace Gardens. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London The park has been Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens since 1987.To the west, Hyde Park merges with Kensington Gardens. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Following the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, Charles II retook ownership of Hyde Park and enclosed it in a brick wall. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London As part of the Queen's Silver Jubilee in 1977, a Jubilee Exhibition was set up in Hyde Park, with the Queen and Prince Philip visiting on 30 June. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London On 20 July 1982, in the Hyde Park and Regents Park bombings, two devices linked to the Provisional Irish Republican Army caused the death of eight members of the Household Cavalry and the Royal Green Jackets and seven horses. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London An attempt to assassinate the Pope had been foiled after five people dressed as street cleaners were spotted within a mile of Hyde Park, and arrested along with a sixth suspect. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London The Screen and the Arch originally formed a single composition, designed to provide a monumental transition between Hyde Park and Green Park, although the arch was moved in 1883. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London The Standing Stone is a 7-tonne (7.7-ton) monolith at the centre of the Dell, in the east of Hyde Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park's Speakers' Corner has acquired an international reputation for demonstrations and other protests due to its tolerance of free speech. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Though the police had closed the park, the crowd managed to break down the perimeter railings and get inside, leading to the event being dubbed "The Hyde Park Railings Affair". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Pink Floyd returned to Hyde Park on 18 July 1970, playing new material from Atom Heart Mother. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Free speech and demonstrations have been a key feature of Hyde Park since the 19th century. Speakers' Corner has been established as a point of free speech and debate since 1872, while the Chartists, the Reform League, the suffragettes, and the Stop the War Coalition have all held protests there. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London The Serpentine is to the south of the park area. Kensington Gardens has been separate from Hyde Park since 1728, when Queen Caroline divided them. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London At the start of the English Civil War in 1642, a series of fortifications were built along the east side of the park, including forts at what is now Marble Arch, Mount Street and Hyde Park Corner. The latter included a strongpoint where visitors to London could be checked and vetted. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London The Cavalry Memorial was built in 1924 at Stanhope Gate. It moved to the Serpentine Road when Park Lane was widened to traffic in 1961. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London A further series of demonstrations happened around the world, culminating in the 15 February 2003 anti-war protests, part of a global demonstration against the Iraq War. Over a million protesters are reported to have attended the Hyde Park event alone. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park on Hudson is a 2012 British historical comedy-drama film directed by Roger Michell. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park on Hudson Although Daisy and Roosevelt had not seen each other for years, the distant relatives form a romantic relationship, and Roosevelt often asks Daisy to visit Hyde Park when he stays with his mother. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park on Hudson Although Daisy and Roosevelt had not seen each other for years, the distant relatives form a romantic relationship, and Roosevelt often asks Daisy to visit Hyde Park when he stays with his mother. Daisy becomes one of the several women close to Roosevelt, including Sara; Missy LeHand, the president's secretary; and Eleanor, the president's wife. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Hyde Park on Hudson The World War II Memorial is a memorial of national significance dedicated to Americans who served in the armed forces and as civilians during World War II. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) World War II Memorial Kaptur introduced the World War II Memorial Act to the House of Representatives as HR 3742 on December 10. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) World War II Memorial In 1804 a tavern keeper named Miller, seeking new guests, renamed the tavern "the Hyde Park Inn", much to the annoyance of Doctor Bard. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York President Roosevelt's father, James Roosevelt, Sr., served a term as supervisor of the town of Hyde Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park is bordered by the town of Poughkeepsie to the south, Rhinebeck to the north, and Clinton and Pleasant Valley to the east. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park was the setting for portions of James Mangold's 1995 film Heavy, including the Culinary Institute of America. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park's population was 21,571 at the 2010 United States Census. In 2016, it was estimated 21,048 people lived in Hyde Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York In 2016, it was estimated 21,048 people lived in Hyde Park. U.S. Route 9 passes through the town near the Hudson River. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York The Hulk travels to Hyde Park in Marvel Comics 1997 issue of Avengers (vol. 2 #4). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Hyde Park, New York On 15 August 2013, the Civilian War Memorial was gazetted by the National Heritage Board as 65th National Monument of Singapore. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Civilian War Memorial Located within the War Memorial Park at Beach Road within the Central Area, Singapore's central business district, it is usually easy to spot in most backdrops encompassing the CBD landscape. It was gazetted as a 65th national memorial on 15 August 2013. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Civilian War Memorial At Potrero Nuevo near San Lorenzo, part of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, there is an altar supported by two Atlantean figures created by The Olmecs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Atlantean figures The Vietnam Women's Memorial is a memorial dedicated to the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War, most of whom were nurses. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vietnam Veterans Memorial There is a smaller replica of that memorial at Vietnam Veterans Memorial State Park in Angel Fire, New Mexico. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vietnam Veterans Memorial A 37,000-square-foot (3,400 m2) two-story museum, located below ground just west of the Maya Lin-designed memorial, was proposed to display the history of the Vietnam War and the multiple design competitions and artworks which make up the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Vietnam Women's Memorial, and the Memorial Plaque. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vietnam Veterans Memorial It is the centerpiece of Veterans Memorial Park Pensacola, a 5+1⁄2-acre site overlooking Pensacola Bay, which also includes a World War I Memorial, a World War II Memorial, a Korean War Memorial, a Revolutionary War Memorial and a running series of plaques to honor local casualties from the Global War on Terror. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vietnam Veterans Memorial A Global War on Terror Memorial is planned to be completed in 2017 and will include an artifact from the World Trade Center as a component of the sculpture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Vietnam Veterans Memorial For November 1960 to May 1960, it served with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as N6591D before being donated to the USAF Museum and eventually loaned to the War Memorial of Korea. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) War Memorial of Korea Remembrance Nature Park, located behind the War Memorial, is the Canberra terminus of the Remembrance Driveway, a system of arboreal parks, landmarks and road-side stops between Sydney and Canberra commemorating the 24 World War II and Vietnam War Victoria Cross recipients. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Australian War Memorial In November 2011 it was reported that only nine out of the 62 apartments that had been sold at One Hyde Park were registered with Westminster City Council for Council Tax. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) One Hyde Park In September 2013 it was reported that a one-bedroom apartment in the complex worth £5.25m had been repossessed. The sculpture Search for Enlightenment by Simon Gudgeon was unveiled on 19 January 2012 to mark the first anniversary of One Hyde Park. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) One Hyde Park This structure is exploited in computation of more figures by means of the XOR function used widely in computer science and electrical systems; when two figures are "added" to form a new figure (where points in the lines of the same elements are summed, divided by two, and the remainder taken), the logical operation obtains the new figure by determining which lines are different. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Geomantic figures For figures with only one active element, that element by default is its ruling element; other combinations of active and passive elements require more introspection to assign rulerships. Populus, consisting of all passive lines, is ruled by Water by its nature of being entirely passive and taking on the reflective qualities of water whenever an outside force acts upon it. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) Geomantic figures The figure resembles a crossroads or joining of two figures. The sign is neutral in meaning (good in good things, evil in evil), but good with joining or recovering things, especially marriage or relationships. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Geomantic figures When a post office opened in 1871, the name was changed from Hyde Park to New Hyde Park to avoid confusion with the upstate Hyde Park. The village was incorporated in 1927. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New Hyde Park, New York Referred to by residents as New Hyde Park, the census-designated place (CDP) of North New Hyde Park also lies in North Hempstead. It also uses the New Hyde Park postal code, 11040. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) New Hyde Park, New York If a number expressing the result of measurement of something (e.g., length, pressure, volume, or mass) has more digits than the digits allowed by the measurement resolution, only the digits allowed by the measurement resolution are reliable so only these can be significant figures. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Significant figures For example, 013 kg has two significant figures, 1 and 3, and the leading zero is not significant since it is not necessary to indicate the mass; 013 kg = 13 kg so 0 is not necessary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Significant figures National War Memorial, New Delhi (National War Memorial (NWM) at India Gate built on the sprawling lawns of India Gate, in memory of the war heroes of Indian forces) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) War memorial The Princess Park is a 14-acres large area north of India Gate, with barrack-like accommodations built during World War II. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National War Memorial (India) 30 August 2016 - A global design competition for the National War Memorial and Museum is launched on the MyGov.in web portal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National War Memorial (India) A total of 427 submissions are received for the "Global Design Competition for National War Memorial" while 268 submissions are received for the "Global Architectural Competition for Indian National War Museum". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National War Memorial (India) The album debuted at #16 in the UK and #19 in the US. The same concert was later issued on DVD as Sweet Summer Sun: Live in Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park Live The Dras War Memorial is now an important landmark and a major tourist attraction in Western Ladakh—in the year 2016, it received about 1,25,000 visitors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kargil War Memorial "Sefton, a horse that survived the attack at Hyde Park despite suffering serious wounds, became famous after appearing in many television shows and was awarded Horse of the Year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings A memorial marks the spot of the Hyde Park bombing; and the troop honours it daily with an eyes-left and salute with drawn swords. A plaque commemorating the victims of the second attack stands in Regent's Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings The George Wright Golf Course, named for Baseball Hall of Fame and Boston Red Stockings shortstop George Wright, is in Hyde Park and Roslindale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park was home to the prominent abolitionists the Grimké sisters, Sarah and Angelina, as well as Theodore Dwight Weld, for whom Weld Hall in Hyde Park is named. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Two important Hyde Park residents committed to social change and activism were sisters Sarah Moore Grimké and Angelina Emily Grimké. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston The Haitian Literacy Program has been housed at Hyde Park High School since 1989.Hyde Park is currently under a major redevelopment effort by the Boston Redevelopment Authority. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston By the time Hyde Park was incorporated into the City of Boston, B.F. Sturtevant Co had a 20-acre industrial park in the Readville area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Residents from Hyde Park and other surrounding communities affected by the proposed project banded together and held a large protest on Boston Common, during what was called "People Before Highways Day". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park's elderly population has remained relatively unchanged over the last 20 years, with the count hovering around 4,000, or 6.5% of the total. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston An opera house, built by Leroy J. French in 1897, stands on Fairmount Avenue and currently serves as the home of Hyde Park's Riverside Theatre Works. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston The MBTA Commuter Rail's Fairmount shuttle to Readville is Hyde Park's most direct connection with downtown Boston, servicing both the Fairmount and Readville stations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Ella F. Boyd, teacher and geologist, elected to the Hyde Park school board five times, served from 1895 to 1910 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston In the early part of the 20th Century, Hyde Park hosted harness racing. The site of the track was redeveloped on the former site of Camp Miegs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston The track migrated from horses to auto racing, which was the main attraction at the track until its closure in 1937.In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Massachusetts Department of Public Works attempted to implement two separate interstate highway expansion projects. Both plans would have created a highway that would have passed through land in Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has a significant number of individuals who are foreign-born. Non-citizens make up approximately 10% of the population, consisting primarily of Caribbean-born individuals. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Of the roughly 12,000 housing units in Hyde Park, 60% are owner-occupied. The number of rental units grew by 3% between 2000 and 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Some sections of Hyde Park experienced foreclosures at twice the rate of the rest of Boston, and triple what the rate had been in 2006. Comparing 2011 and 2012, foreclosures dropped by 75% year over year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has no subway stations. The privately owned Sumner Heights and Hazelwood Valley Railroad was operated experimentally around 1875 with a gauge of only 10 in (254 mm). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Boston The United States Marine Corps War Memorial (Iwo Jima Memorial) is a national memorial located in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Marine Corps War Memorial It is located in Arlington Ridge Park within the George Washington Memorial Parkway, near the Ord-Weitzel Gate to Arlington National Cemetery and the Netherlands Carillon. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Marine Corps War Memorial HayesThe Memorial was approved by the United States Congress and commission for the memorial was awarded in 1951, after it was approved and accepted by the Marine Corps League who also selected De Weldon as the sculptor. De Weldon spent three years creating a full-sized master model in plaster, with figures 32 feet (9.8 m) tall. --- (0.09, 0.03, 0.06) Marine Corps War Memorial According to another definition, a section to the north between 47th Street and 51st Street/Hyde Park Boulevard is also included as part of Hyde Park, although this area is officially the southern part of the Kenwood community area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1857, the Hyde Park House, an upscale hotel, was built on the shore of Lake Michigan near the 53rd Street railroad station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1893, Hyde Park hosted the World's Columbian Exposition (a world's fair marking the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the New World). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago The World's Columbian Exposition brought fame to the neighborhood, which gave rise to an inflow of new residents and spurred new development that gradually started transforming Hyde Park into a more urban area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago During the 1950s, Hyde Park experienced economic decline as a result of the white flight that followed the rapid inflow of African Americans into the neighborhood. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago This area, the part of Hyde Park nearest to Lake Michigan, has a large number of high-rise condominiums, many of them facing the lakefront. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago There are significant differences between the racial demographics of the part of Hyde Park south of 55th Street (most of which is part of the University of Chicago campus) and the part of Hyde Park north of 55th Street. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago The population of the northwestern corner of Hyde Park (north of 55th Street and west of Drexel Avenue) is almost 100% African American. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago 53rd Street is Hyde Park's oldest shopping district, lined with many small businesses and restaurants offering various dining options. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago In the early decades of the twentieth century, many upscale hotels were built in Hyde Park (mostly along the lakefront). Hyde Park became a resort area in Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park became a resort area in Chicago. Most of these hotels closed during the Great Depression, and were eventually converted into apartment and condominium buildings (most of which are still standing today). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago It is home to a large population of beavers and over two dozen species of birds. The Midway Plaisance, a wide boulevard that runs from Stony Island Avenue to Cottage Grove Avenue between 59th and 60th streets, connects Jackson Park to Washington Park (located to the west of Hyde Park). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago The Hyde Park community area has supported the Democratic Party in the past two presidential elections by overwhelming margins. In the 2016 presidential election, Hyde Park cast 10,479 votes for Hillary Clinton and 442 votes for Donald Trump (91.9% to 3.9%). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago Echo Kellum (born 1982), actor and comedian known for his roles in Arrow and Sean Saves the World. He was a childhood resident of Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park covers 142 hectares (350 acres), and Kensington Gardens covers 111 hectares (275 acres), giving a total area of 253 hectares (625 acres). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park hosted a Great Fair in the summer of 1814 to celebrate the Allied sovereigns' visit to England, and exhibited various stalls and shows. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London On 6 February, the King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery fired a 41-gun Royal Salute at Hyde Park Corner. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London During the late 18th century, plans were made to replace the old toll gate at Hyde Park Corner with a grander entrance, following the gentrification of the area surrounding it. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London On 21 June 1908, as part of "Women's Sunday", a reported 750,000 people marched from the Embankment to Hyde Park protesting for votes for women. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London The first protest against the planned 2003 invasion of Iraq took place in Hyde Park on 28 September 2002, with 150,000–350,000 in attendance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London The supergroup Blind Faith (featuring Eric Clapton and Steve Winwood) played their debut gig in Hyde Park on 7 June 1969. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London Local residents have become critical of Hyde Park as a concert venue, due to the sound levels, and have campaigned for a maximum sound level of 73 decibels. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park is the largest Royal Park in central London. It is bounded on the north by Bayswater Road, to the east by Park Lane, and to the south by Knightsbridge. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park covers 142 hectares (350 acres), and Kensington Gardens covers 111 hectares (275 acres), giving a total area of 253 hectares (625 acres). During daylight, the two parks merge seamlessly into each other, but Kensington Gardens closes at dusk, and Hyde Park remains open throughout the year from 5 a.m. until midnight. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London It quickly became a popular gathering place, particularly for May Day celebrations. At the start of the English Civil War in 1642, a series of fortifications were built along the east side of the park, including forts at what is now Marble Arch, Mount Street and Hyde Park Corner. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London The row was used by the wealthy for riding in the early 19th century. Hyde Park was a popular duelling spot during the 18th century, with 172 taking place, leading to 63 fatalities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London The 2nd Viscount Weymouth was made Ranger of Hyde Park in 1739 and shortly after began digging the Serpentine lakes at Longleat. A powder magazine was built north of the Serpentine in 1805. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London One of the most important events to take place in Hyde Park was the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was constructed on the south side of the park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London It still sees regular use in the summer into the 21st century. Hyde Park has been a major venue for several Royal jubilees and celebrations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London The Queen and the Prince of Wales made an unexpected appearance at the event. Victoria remained fond of Hyde Park in the final years of her life and often drove there twice a day. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London Following the construction of Buckingham Palace, the improvement plans were revisited. The grand entrance to the park at Hyde Park Corner was designed by Decimus Burton, and was constructed in the 1820s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London A pet cemetery was established at the north edge of Hyde Park in the late 19th century. The last burial took place in 1976. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London There are five London Underground stations located on or near the edges of Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens (which is contiguous with Hyde Park). In clockwise order starting from the south-east, they are: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, London In June 1939, King George VI and his wife, Queen Elizabeth, visit the United States, during which they stay with the Roosevelts at Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park on Hudson On May 23, 2013, Senator Rob Portman introduced the World War II Memorial Prayer Act of 2013 (Pub. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) World War II Memorial The memorial is administered by the National Park Service under its National Mall and Memorial Parks group. More than 4.6 million people visited the memorial in 2018. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) World War II Memorial The Hyde Park Railroad Station, located at the mouth of Crum Elbow Creek along the Hudson River, was used by the town's residents, including the Roosevelts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park is the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945), who served as president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York Portions of the 1994 movie Wolf starring Jack Nicholson were filmed at Hyde Park's Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York The Hyde Park Drive-In was used in the filming of the 2018 film, Love Is Blind starring Matthew Broderick and Chloë Sevigny. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park is a town in Dutchess County, New York, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie. Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park, East Park, Staatsburg, and Haviland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York The name of the area was changed to "Hyde Park" around 1810. Previously, it was part of the Fauconnier Patent and was named "Stoutenburgh", after the town's first settler, Jacobus Stoughtenburg. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Hyde Park, New York The Memorial to the Civilian Victims of the Japanese Occupation, usually called the Civilian War Memorial, is a war memorial and heritage landmark in Singapore next to Esplanade MRT station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civilian War Memorial The Civilian War Memorial sits on serene parkland in the midst of busy city traffic near Singapore's Padang and City Hall. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civilian War Memorial On 15 February that year, the Civilian War Memorial was officially unveiled by then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, who laid a wreath at the memorial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civilian War Memorial The Civilian War Memorial sits on serene parkland in the midst of busy city traffic near Singapore's Padang and City Hall. Located within the War Memorial Park at Beach Road within the Central Area, Singapore's central business district, it is usually easy to spot in most backdrops encompassing the CBD landscape. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Civilian War Memorial The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a U.S. national memorial in Washington, D.C., honoring service members of the U.S. armed forces who fought in the Vietnam War. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years and struggled against opposition to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The center would have also provided biographical details on and photographs of many of the 58,000 names listed on the Wall as well as the more than 6,600 servicemembers killed since 2001 fighting the War on Terror. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Located in Fox Park in Wildwood, New Jersey, The Wildwoods Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall was unveiled and dedicated on May 29, 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The memorial is in Constitution Gardens, adjacent to the National Mall and just northeast of the Lincoln Memorial. The memorial is maintained by the National Park Service, and receives around 3 million visitors each year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The memorial is maintained by the National Park Service, and receives around 3 million visitors each year. The Memorial Wall was designed by American architect Maya Lin. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The Vietnam Women's Memorial is a memorial dedicated to the women of the United States who served in the Vietnam War, most of whom were nurses. It serves as a reminder of the importance of women in the conflict. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial A Global War on Terror Memorial is planned to be completed in 2017 and will include an artifact from the World Trade Center as a component of the sculpture. Located in Fox Park in Wildwood, New Jersey, The Wildwoods Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall was unveiled and dedicated on May 29, 2010. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The project quickly grew from honoring only Cowley County servicemen to representing all 777 servicemen and nurses from Kansas who lost their lives or are missing in action from the Vietnam War. Located at Freedom Park in South Sioux City, Nebraska exists a half-scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall that duplicates the original design. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Vietnam Veterans Memorial After its flying career ended, it was transferred to Suwon AB, South Korea in August 1986 to be used as damage-control trainer before being put on display at the War Memorial of Korea. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) War Memorial of Korea The construction of the War Memorial of Korea was completed in December 1993. The project was carried out in consultation with military experts while collecting a wide range of exhibition items at home and abroad. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) War Memorial of Korea Located on the old site of Army Headquarters, the War Memorial of Korea has four aboveground floors and two underground floors in the main building, which stands on an area of about 20,000 m2 (220,000 sq ft). On the grounds around the memorial, there are loudspeakers that broadcast patriotic messages. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) War Memorial of Korea This helicopter was built 1949 under a USAF contract. For November 1960 to May 1960, it served with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as N6591D before being donated to the USAF Museum and eventually loaned to the War Memorial of Korea. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) War Memorial of Korea Other monuments and memorials located on the adjacent Anzac Parade are maintained separately by the National Capital Authority (NCA) and do not form part of the Australian War Memorial. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Australian War Memorial The first two sections of the Gallery relate extensively to the Gallipoli campaign. The World War I gallery was redeveloped in 2014 for the Centenary of the First World War, and was reopened in November 2014. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Australian War Memorial The sculpture Search for Enlightenment by Simon Gudgeon was unveiled on 19 January 2012 to mark the first anniversary of One Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) One Hyde Park When a line has a single point, the element is said to be active; otherwise, with two points, the element is passive. Because there are four lines, and since each line can be either active or passive, there are 24, or 16, different figures. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Geomantic figures New Hyde Park is a village in Nassau County, Long Island, New York, United States, which is split between the towns of Hempstead and North Hempstead. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York Thomas Dongan, the fourth royal governor of New York, was granted an 800-acre parcel of land in 1683 that included New Hyde Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York In addition, a small section of the New Hyde Park postal zone extends into the village of North Hills, also in Nassau County. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York Finally, a small area of Queens called Glen Oaks is provided mail service by the New Hyde Park 11040 post office. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York The Village of New Hyde Park, along with the aforementioned areas encompassing the New Hyde Park 11040 zip code located in Nassau County, are patrolled by the Nassau County Police Department. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York In 1715, Dongan's estate was sold to George Clarke (who was Secretary of the Provence of New York). He named it Hyde Park in honor of his wife, Ann Hyde. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York He named it Hyde Park in honor of his wife, Ann Hyde. Clarke sold the property in 1783 and in the early 19th century it was parceled up and sold as farm land. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York New Hyde Park was home to Techem, Inc. which manufactured acid-based chromium, cadmium, cyanide, nickel, and zinc electroplating solutions from 1973 to 1994. Stock Drive Products and Sterling Instrument machine and manufacture more than 130,000 kinds of mechanical components. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York Denton House (New Hyde Park, New York) is known as a historic site after citizens fought for its historic designation. It is now a McDonald's restaurant also known as the "McDonald's Mansion". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) New Hyde Park, New York The former might be in error by hundreds, and the latter might be in error by hundreds of thousands, but both have two significant figures (5 and 2). This reflects the fact that the significance of the error is the same in both cases, relative to the size of the quantity being measured. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Significant figures Arlington National Cemetery has a Canadian Cross of Sacrifice with the names of all the citizens of the USA who lost their lives fighting in the Canadian forces during the Korean War and two World Wars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) War memorial After World War I, some towns in France set up pacifist war memorials. Instead of commemorating the glorious dead, these memorials denounce war with figures of grieving widows and children rather than soldiers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) War memorial 30 May 2019 - Narendra Modi visited National War Memorial and paid tribute to India's martyrs before taking oath as the Prime Minister of India for the second time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National War Memorial (India) May 2016 - The Union Cabinet is apprised of the decision taken by the Empowered Apex Steering Committee (EASC) that the Princess Park Complex would be the suitable site for construction of the National War Museum. The National War Memorial would be constructed at ‘C’ Hexagon of India Gate as approved by the Cabinet in its meeting held in October 2015. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National War Memorial (India) Some art historians have suggested that the two figures in the painting are a representation of Frida's dual heritage. Her father, Guillermo Kahlo, was German; while her mother, Matilde Calderon, was Mexican. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Two Fridas The Redipuglia War Memorial (Italian: Sacrario militare di Redipuglia) is a World War I memorial located on the Karst Plateau near the village of Fogliano Redipuglia, in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region of northeastern Italy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Redipuglia War Memorial A video recording of the concert, Sweet Summer Sun – Hyde Park Live, was issued on 11 November 2013 on DVD and Blu-ray, along with CDs and LPs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park Live Hyde Park Live is a live album by The Rolling Stones, released in 2013. It was recorded at Hyde Park, London on 6 and 13 July 2013 during the band's 50 and Counting Tour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park Live The explosions killed 11 military personnel: four soldiers of the Blues & Royals at Hyde Park, and seven bandsmen of the Royal Green Jackets at Regent's Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings In December 2019 the High Court ruled, in a civil action against Downey by the family of a victim, that he had been an "active participant" in the Hyde Park bombing, subject to a claim for damages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings One seriously injured horse, Sefton, survived and was subsequently featured on television programmes and was awarded "Horse of the Year". In 1987, Gilbert "Danny" McNamee was convicted of making the Hyde Park bomb and jailed for 25 years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings In 1987, Gilbert "Danny" McNamee was convicted of making the Hyde Park bomb and jailed for 25 years. He served 12 years before being released under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement; his conviction was later quashed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Hyde Park is also the original home of the Boston Crusaders, a world class drum and bugle corps founded in 1940 at the Most Precious Blood Parish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston As a result of a Federal lawsuit by parents from Hyde Park and other areas of the city, Boston Public Schools were mandated to provide a comprehensive literacy program. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston For the first 100 years or so after its founding, the inhabitants of Hyde Park consisted mostly of people with European heritage, the main ethnicities being Irish, Polish and Italian. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has a large number of warehouses and factory buildings from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the Readville neighborhood, along the Neponset River and Mother Brook. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is represented in the Boston City Council by Ricardo Arroyo, who was elected in 2019.In the Massachusetts General Court, Hyde Park is represented by Representative Angelo Scaccia and Senator Mike Rush. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park has taken the motto "A Small Town in the City" because of its suburban feel. It was the only town annexed by majority vote of the residents into the City of Boston. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston The regiment was made famous in the movie Glory. Hyde Park was home to the prominent abolitionists the Grimké sisters, Sarah and Angelina, as well as Theodore Dwight Weld, for whom Weld Hall in Hyde Park is named. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Its aim is to change the zoning regulations in Hyde Park, with an emphasis on public transit and pedestrian use. Though, there is currently a proposal by non Hyde Park residents to create an urban farm that is receiving public resistance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park residents considered seceding from the City of Boston. Residents from Hyde Park and other surrounding communities affected by the proposed project banded together and held a large protest on Boston Common, during what was called "People Before Highways Day". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Residents from Hyde Park and other surrounding communities affected by the proposed project banded together and held a large protest on Boston Common, during what was called "People Before Highways Day". This rally proved to be crucial in having the plan stopped. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston This rally proved to be crucial in having the plan stopped. Because of the presence of the Stony Brook Reservation, a large part of Hyde Park's interior is effectively off-limits to any new development. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Because of the presence of the Stony Brook Reservation, a large part of Hyde Park's interior is effectively off-limits to any new development. The Stony Brook Reservation is a part of the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston The bronze plaques commemorate special people and events of Hyde Park. They were created by Gregg Lefevre and installed in 2000 as part of an effort to provide glimpses of Hyde Park's history and culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston They were created by Gregg Lefevre and installed in 2000 as part of an effort to provide glimpses of Hyde Park's history and culture. Riverside Theater Works was originally created by Hyde Park resident and music teacher, Marietta --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston In the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–08, Hyde Park experienced a large increase in the number of financially distressed properties. Some sections of Hyde Park experienced foreclosures at twice the rate of the rest of Boston, and triple what the rate had been in 2006. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Boston Public Library operates the Hyde Park Branch Library, which won an AIA architectural prize. Groundbreaking for the Hyde Park Town Library occurred in December 1898; construction was completed and the building opened in September 1899. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston Groundbreaking for the Hyde Park Town Library occurred in December 1898; construction was completed and the building opened in September 1899. In 1912, the library became part of the Boston Public Library after Hyde Park was annexed by Boston. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston In 1912, the library became part of the Boston Public Library after Hyde Park was annexed by Boston. In 1997, ground was broken for an addition and renovation of the original portion of the facility. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Boston It is located in Arlington Ridge Park within the George Washington Memorial Parkway, near the Ord-Weitzel Gate to Arlington National Cemetery and the Netherlands Carillon. The memorial was turned over to the National Park Service in 1955. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marine Corps War Memorial Hyde Park is home to a number of institutions of higher education; among these are the University of Chicago, Catholic Theological Union, Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago, and McCormick Theological Seminary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago After annexation, the definition of Hyde Park as a Chicago neighborhood was restricted to the historic core of the former township, centered on Cornell's initial development between 51st and 55th streets near the lakefront. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Historical images of Hyde Park can be found in Explore Chicago Collections, a digital repository made available by Chicago Collections archives, libraries and other cultural institutions in the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Although the neighborhood bounded by 47th Street on the north, 51st Street (Hyde Park Boulevard) on the south, Cottage Grove Avenue on the west, and Lake Michigan on the east is officially the southern half of the Kenwood community area, it is often considered part of Hyde Park due to the two areas' shared culture and history; "Hyde Park-Kenwood" is thus sometimes applied to this collective area (as in, e.g., the "Hyde Park-Kenwood Historic District"). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago In addition, the NRHP Hyde Park-Kenwood Historic District and Jackson Park Historic Landscape District and Midway Plaisance are located, at least in part, within the Hyde Park community area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago The Midway Plaisance, a wide boulevard that runs from Stony Island Avenue to Cottage Grove Avenue between 59th and 60th streets, connects Jackson Park to Washington Park (located to the west of Hyde Park). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago In the 2016 presidential election, Hyde Park cast 10,479 votes for Hillary Clinton and 442 votes for Donald Trump (91.9% to 3.9%). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago In the 2012 presidential election, Hyde Park cast 9,991 votes for Barack Obama and cast 651 votes for Mitt Romney (91.4% to 6.0%). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago The Metra Electric Line, which uses the tracks of the former Illinois Central Railroad, has several stops in Hyde Park and provides service to Millennium Station in the downtown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is the 41st of the 77 community areas of Chicago. It is located on the shore of Lake Michigan 7 miles (11 km) south of the Loop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Cornell successfully negotiated land in exchange for a railroad station at 53rd Street. Hyde Park quickly became a suburban retreat for affluent Chicagoans who wanted to escape the noise and congestion of the rapidly growing city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Until the middle of the twentieth century, Hyde Park remained an almost exclusively white neighborhood (despite its proximity to Chicago's Black Belt). Hyde Parkers relied on racially restrictive covenants to keep African Americans out of the neighborhood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago At the time, the use of such covenants was supported by the University of Chicago. After the Supreme Court banned racially restrictive covenants in 1948, African Americans began moving into Hyde Park, and the neighborhood gradually became multiracial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago The southeastern corner of Hyde Park contains the northern end of Jackson Park. Jackson Park consists of lagoons surrounding an island in the middle (called the Wooded Island), on which a small Japanese garden is located. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park is connected to the rest of the city by CTA buses and the Metra Electric Line. CTA buses provide express service to the downtown, and they also allow transfers to Red Line and Green Line trains to the Loop. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, Chicago Fourth, reflect the rotated figure about this matched side until the figures match. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Congruence (geometry) Two circles are congruent if they have the same diameter. In this sense, two plane figures are congruent implies that their corresponding characteristics are "congruent" or "equal" including not just their corresponding sides and angles, but also their corresponding diagonals, perimeters, and areas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Congruence (geometry) It is the largest of four Royal Parks that form a chain from the entrance of Kensington Palace through Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park, via Hyde Park Corner and Green Park past the main entrance to Buckingham Palace. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Major events in the park have continued into the 21st century, such as Live 8 in 2005, and the annual Hyde Park Winter Wonderland from 2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London In 1689, William III moved his residence to Kensington Palace on the far side of Hyde Park and had a drive laid out across its southern edge which was known as the King's Private Road. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Since 2007, Hyde Park has played host to the annual Winter Wonderland event, which features numerous Christmas-themed markets, along with various rides and attractions, alongside bars and restaurants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London On 18 September 2010, Hyde Park was the setting for a prayer vigil with Pope Benedict XVI as part of his visit to the United Kingdom, attended by around 80,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Burton laid out the paths and driveways and designed a series of lodges, the Screen/Gate at Hyde Park Corner (also known as the Grand Entrance or the Apsley Gate) in 1825 and the Wellington Arch, which opened in 1828. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The music management company Blackhill Enterprises held the first rock concert in Hyde Park on 29 June 1968, attended by 15,000 people. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Paddington station, served by Bakerloo, Circle and District, and Hammersmith & City lines, is close to Lancaster Gate station and a short walk away from Hyde Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Major improvements occurred in the early 18th century under the direction of Queen Caroline. Several duels took place in Hyde Park during this time, often involving members of the nobility. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Several duels took place in Hyde Park during this time, often involving members of the nobility. The Great Exhibition of 1851 was held in the park, for which The Crystal Palace, designed by Joseph Paxton, was erected. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London It realised £17,000 with an additional £765 6s 2d for the resident deer. During the Great Plague of London in 1665, Hyde Park was used as a military camp. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London During the Great Plague of London in 1665, Hyde Park was used as a military camp. Following the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, Charles II retook ownership of Hyde Park and enclosed it in a brick wall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Following the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, Charles II retook ownership of Hyde Park and enclosed it in a brick wall. He restocked deer in what is now Buck Hill in Kensington Gardens. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Work was undertaken under the supervision of Charles Withers, the Surveyor-General of Woods and Forests. The principal effect of the work was to sub-divide Hyde Park and create Kensington Gardens. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The principal effect of the work was to sub-divide Hyde Park and create Kensington Gardens. The Serpentine was formed by damming the River Westbourne, which runs through the park from Kilburn towards the Thames. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London On 20 July 1982, in the Hyde Park and Regents Park bombings, two devices linked to the Provisional Irish Republican Army caused the death of eight members of the Household Cavalry and the Royal Green Jackets and seven horses. A memorial was constructed to the left of the Albert Gate to commemorate the soldiers and horses killed in the blast. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London A large crowd assembled along the Mall to see the Pope arrive for his address. An attempt to assassinate the Pope had been foiled after five people dressed as street cleaners were spotted within a mile of Hyde Park, and arrested along with a sixth suspect. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London An attempt to assassinate the Pope had been foiled after five people dressed as street cleaners were spotted within a mile of Hyde Park, and arrested along with a sixth suspect. They were later released without charge as police said they posed no credible threat. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The Screen and the Arch originally formed a single composition, designed to provide a monumental transition between Hyde Park and Green Park, although the arch was moved in 1883. It originally had a statue of the Duke of Wellington on top; it was moved to Aldershot in 1883 when the arch was re-sited. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London During the late 20th century, over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease. This included many trees along the great avenues planted by Queen Caroline, which were ultimately replaced by limes and maples. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London There is another fountain opposite Mount Street on the park's eastern edge. A pet cemetery was established at the north edge of Hyde Park in the late 19th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The rise of the Internet, particularly blogs, has diminished the importance of Speakers' Corner as a political platform, and it is increasingly seen as simply a tourist attraction. As well as Speakers' Corner, several important mass demonstrations have occurred in Hyde Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The first protest against the planned 2003 invasion of Iraq took place in Hyde Park on 28 September 2002, with 150,000–350,000 in attendance. A further series of demonstrations happened around the world, culminating in the 15 February 2003 anti-war protests, part of a global demonstration against the Iraq War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The bandstand in Hyde Park was originally built in Kensington Gardens in 1869, moving to its current location in 1886. It became a popular place for concerts in the 1890s, featuring up to three every week. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London On the bill were Pink Floyd, Roy Harper and Jethro Tull, while John Peel later said it was "the nicest concert I’ve ever been to". Subsequently, Hyde Park has featured some of the most significant concerts in rock. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Subsequently, Hyde Park has featured some of the most significant concerts in rock. The supergroup Blind Faith (featuring Eric Clapton and Steve Winwood) played their debut gig in Hyde Park on 7 June 1969. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London The band drew an audience of 150,000 – 200,000, which remains the largest crowd for a Hyde Park concert. The group were not allowed to play an encore, and police threatened to arrest frontman Freddie Mercury if he attempted to do so. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park contains several sporting facilities, including several football pitches and a Tennis centre. There are numerous cycle paths, and horse riding is popular. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Several main roads run around the perimeter of Hyde Park. Park Lane is part of the London Inner Ring Road and the London Congestion Charge zone boundary. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London CS3 also crosses Hyde Park Corner on its route towards Westminster and the City of London. The route opened in September 2018 and is signposted and cyclists are segregated from other road traffic on wide cycle tracks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park on Hudson received mixed reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 37% based on 176 reviews, with an average rating of 5.26/10. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park on Hudson On May 12, the Senate also approved the amended bill, and the World War II Memorial Act was signed into law by President Bill Clinton on May 25 of that year, becoming Pub. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) World War II Memorial Representatives from the United States Commission of Fine Arts, the National Capital Planning Commission, the National Capital Memorial Commission, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Park Service attended the meeting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) World War II Memorial The United States Congress, worried that World War II veterans were dying before an appropriate memorial could be built, passed legislation exempting the World War II Memorial from further site and design review. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) World War II Memorial Opened on April 29, 2004, it was dedicated by President George W. Bush on May 29, 2004. The memorial is administered by the National Park Service under its National Mall and Memorial Parks group. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) World War II Memorial The United States Congress, worried that World War II veterans were dying before an appropriate memorial could be built, passed legislation exempting the World War II Memorial from further site and design review. Congress also dismissed pending legal challenges to the memorial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) World War II Memorial Doctor John Bard had called his estate "Hyde Park" in honor of Edward Hyde, who was Lord Cornbury and governor of New York from 1702 to 1708. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, New York In 1697, Hyde granted nine close friends of his a large swatch of land "south of Albany" in the Great Nine Partners Patent, which would eventually make up much of Hyde Park. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, New York The 2019 film, Driveways starring Brian Dennehy, filmed in select locations in Hyde Park including Hyde Park Roller Magic and Nana's Ice Cream & Grill. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, New York Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park, East Park, Staatsburg, and Haviland. Hyde Park is known as the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, New York In 1804 a tavern keeper named Miller, seeking new guests, renamed the tavern "the Hyde Park Inn", much to the annoyance of Doctor Bard. He then applied for a post office to be located at his inn, common among tavern keepers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Hyde Park, New York Every year on 15 February (Total Defence Day in Singapore, commemorating the 1942 surrender of Singapore to the Japanese), a memorial service is held at the Civilian War Memorial to remember the victims of the war. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Civilian War Memorial This dates mark the earliest time that the figures could have been carved. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Atlantean figures In 2003, after some years of lobbying, the National Park Service and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund won permission from Congress to build The Education Center at The Wall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vietnam Veterans Memorial There is also a Purple Heart Memorial, a Marine Corps Aviation Bell Tower and a monument to the submarine lifeguards who rescued Navy pilots in World War II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Plans for the Vietnam War Memorial located 401 East Ninth Street in Winfield, Kansas began in 1987 when friends who had gathered for a class reunion wanted to find a way to honor their fallen classmates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Located at Freedom Park in South Sioux City, Nebraska exists a half-scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall that duplicates the original design. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vietnam Veterans Memorial On November 11, 1993, the Vietnam Women's Memorial was dedicated. There is a smaller replica of that memorial at Vietnam Veterans Memorial State Park in Angel Fire, New Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The War Memorial of Korea is a museum located in Yongsan-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, South Korea. It opened in 1994 on the former site of the army headquarters to exhibit and memorialize the military history of Korea. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) War Memorial of Korea Formerly a C-119F, it was converted into a C-119G between 1955 and 1957 before being transferred to the Republic of China Air Force in 1970. It was later donated to the War Memorial of Korea and repainted with USAF markings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) War Memorial of Korea The Australian War Memorial is Australia's national memorial to the members of its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia and some conflicts involving personnel from the Australian colonies prior to Federation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australian War Memorial The magazine's first issue was published in November 1997.The memorial also previously published a journal titled The Journal of the Australian War Memorial (ISSN 1327-0141). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australian War Memorial The Memorial is a two-storey building with a floor plan in the shape of a Byzantine cross. The building is of Byzantine architecture style with strong styling elements of Art Deco throughout. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australian War Memorial The World War I gallery, is arrayed in chronological order from the start of Australia's involvement in the war. The first two sections of the Gallery relate extensively to the Gallipoli campaign. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Australian War Memorial It sometimes seems as if the more money you have the less you are required to pay." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) One Hyde Park It was also announced that McLaren Automotive would be opening a car showroom in the building in early 2011. As part of the construction of One Hyde Park, a new entrance to Knightsbridge tube station was built. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) One Hyde Park New Hyde Park was home to Techem, Inc. which manufactured acid-based chromium, cadmium, cyanide, nickel, and zinc electroplating solutions from 1973 to 1994. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New Hyde Park, New York New Hyde Park has schools in the New Hyde Park-Garden City Park School District, Sewanhaka Central High School District (which includes New Hyde Park Memorial High School, Sewanhaka High School, Elmont School District, H. Frank Carey High School, and Floral Park Memorial High School), Herricks Union Free School District, and the residents of the Parkville section of town (generally north of Hillside Avenue and west of New Hyde Park Road) are assigned to the Great Neck School District. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New Hyde Park, New York Thomas Dongan, the fourth royal governor of New York, was granted an 800-acre parcel of land in 1683 that included New Hyde Park. It was known as "Dongan's Farm." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New Hyde Park, New York The Village of New Hyde Park, along with the aforementioned areas encompassing the New Hyde Park 11040 zip code located in Nassau County, are patrolled by the Nassau County Police Department. The smaller areas of the 11040 zip code in Queens are patrolled by the New York Police Department. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) New Hyde Park, New York Numbers are often rounded to avoid reporting insignificant figures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures Rules to identify significant figures in a number == --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures An exact number has an infinite number of significant figures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures Ways to denote significant figures in an integer with trailing zeros == --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures For example, to round 1.25 to 2 significant figures: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures ") is approximately related with the number of significant figures in x (denoted as "significant figures of x") by the formula --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures So, these are significant figures. The following digits are not significant figures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures For example, 013 kg has two significant figures, 1 and 3, and the leading zero is not significant since it is not necessary to indicate the mass; 013 kg = 13 kg so 0 is not necessary. 0.056 m has two insignificant leading zeros since 0.056 m = 56 mm --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures For example, if 14.895 is rounded to 3 significant figures, then the digits after 8 are removed so that it will be 14.9.In financial calculations, a number is often rounded to a given number of places. For example, to two places after the decimal separator for many world currencies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Significant figures Here the statue is of a grieving widow with two small children. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War memorial War memorials can differ significantly in type and composition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War memorial For instance, the Northwood Gratitude and Honor Memorial in Irvine, CA, memorializes an ongoing pair of US wars, and has space to inscribe the names of approximately 8,000 fallen servicemembers, while the UK National Memorial Arboretum near Lichfield in England hosts the UK's National Armed Forces Memorial which displays the names of the more than 16,000 people who have already died on active service in the UK armed forces since World War II, with more space available for future fatalities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War memorial Memorial for the Defenders of the Old City of Jerusalem --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War memorial Memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Israeli Engineering Corp --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War memorial The National War Memorial (Hindi: राष्ट्रीय समर स्मारक, IAST: Rāṣṭrīya Samar Smārak) is an Indian national monument built to honour and remember soldiers of the Indian military who died in armed conflicts of Independent India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) National War Memorial and Museum was designated as a Special Project, and the task of its "timely execution" was allocated to a Special Projects Division under the Chief Administrative Officer (Ministry of Defence), and the Military Engineer Services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) The proposed National War Museum will be connected by metro. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) Following the custom set by the President in previous year, the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, for the first time placed the Wreath at National War Memorial instead of India Gate on the occasion of Republic Day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) May 2016 - The Union Cabinet is apprised of the decision taken by the Empowered Apex Steering Committee (EASC) that the Princess Park Complex would be the suitable site for construction of the National War Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) A Chennai architectural firm, WeBe Design Lab's proposal was declared the winner and was accordingly chosen for the conceptualization of the architectural design and for coordinating the construction of the project. The chief architect of the National War Memorial is Yogesh Chandrahasan of WeBe Design Lab, Chennai. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) A National War Museum will be constructed in the adjoining Princess Park area and will be connected to the memorial through an underground tunnel. The Princess Park is a 14-acres large area north of India Gate, with barrack-like accommodations built during World War II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) Chennai-based WeBe Design Lab's proposal is declared the winner for the design of the memorial. A total of 427 submissions are received for the "Global Design Competition for National War Memorial" while 268 submissions are received for the "Global Architectural Competition for Indian National War Museum". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) A total of 427 submissions are received for the "Global Design Competition for National War Memorial" while 268 submissions are received for the "Global Architectural Competition for Indian National War Museum". The jury was led by architect and planner Christopher Benninger. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National War Memorial (India) The school turned out to be run down and dilapidated, a hidden cost of running two parallel school systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hidden Figures It would be great for people to understand that there were so many more people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hidden Figures There were so many people required to make this happen. ... It would be great for people to understand that there were so many more people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hidden Figures As part of the 50 & Counting tour that celebrated The Rolling Stones' 50th anniversary celebrations, a new Hyde Park concert was scheduled in 2013, supported by The Vaccines, The Temper Trap, and --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park Live It was recorded at Hyde Park, London on 6 and 13 July 2013 during the band's 50 and Counting Tour. The album was released exclusively as a digital download through iTunes on 22 July 2013 for a limited time of four weeks. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park Live In 2013, John Downey was charged with four counts of murder in relation to the Hyde Park attack; his trial began in January 2014, but collapsed the following month after a ruling upon a letter sent to him by the Metropolitan Police assuring him that he would not be prosecuted over the attack. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings At 10:40 am, a nail bomb exploded in the boot of a blue Morris Marina parked on South Carriage Drive (51.503°N 0.156°W / 51.503; -0.156) in Hyde Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings In October 1987, 27-year-old Gilbert "Danny" McNamee, from County Armagh, was sentenced at the Old Bailey to 25 years in prison for his role in the Hyde Park bombing and others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings On 19 May 2013, 61-year-old John Anthony Downey, from County Donegal, was charged with murder in relation to the Hyde Park bomb and intending to cause an explosion likely to endanger life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings The explosions killed 11 military personnel: four soldiers of the Blues & Royals at Hyde Park, and seven bandsmen of the Royal Green Jackets at Regent's Park. Seven of the Blues & Royals' horses were also killed in the attack. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Hyde Park is covered by Boston Police Department District E-18 located in Cleary Square, and the Boston Fire Department station on Fairmount Avenue is the quarters of Ladder Company 28 & Engine Company 48. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Public tension over busing lasted for more than a decade. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park's central business district, located between Cleary and Logan Squares, features a variety of historic buildings, including the neighborhood's municipal building, which was built by the City of Boston after the 1912 annexation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston In 2005 the high school was re-designated the Hyde Park Education Complex, which housed three smaller high schools: the Community Academy of Science and Health (CASH), The Engineering School, and the Social Justice Academy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is the southernmost neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Situated 7.9 miles south of downtown Boston, it is home to a diverse range of people, housing types and social groups. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park and some of its residents have been important part of societal change in the United States. It was once home to the first all African-American army unit, the 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Alpheus Perley Blake is considered the founder of Hyde Park. He was the organizer in 1856 of the Fairmount Land Company and the Twenty Associates, which developed the Fairmount Hill on the western side of Brush Hill Road in Milton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Two important Hyde Park residents committed to social change and activism were sisters Sarah Moore Grimké and Angelina Emily Grimké. They played important public roles throughout their lives in ending slavery and promoting women's suffrage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Public meetings and protests from concerned parents of affected children continued for years. The issue united Hyde Park with surrounding areas in an attempt to form a new school district for the purpose of avoiding desegregation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park is home to a large Haitian community that arrived from the island during the 1980s and on into the 1990s. Immigrants from rural areas of Haiti had limited education beyond early elementary school years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston The Haitian Literacy Program has been housed at Hyde Park High School since 1989.Hyde Park is currently under a major redevelopment effort by the Boston Redevelopment Authority. The Hyde Park Neighborhood Strategic Plan was adopted by BRA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston The Stony Brook Reservation is a part of the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. In April 2008, the Boston Redevelopment Authority Board, along with Mayor Menino, voted to remap and rezone Hyde Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston In April 2008, the Boston Redevelopment Authority Board, along with Mayor Menino, voted to remap and rezone Hyde Park. Mayor Menino appointed an advisory group of 13 residents to assist the BRA in creating a comprehensive rezoning plan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston For the first 100 years or so after its founding, the inhabitants of Hyde Park consisted mostly of people with European heritage, the main ethnicities being Irish, Polish and Italian. Hyde Park has a significant number of individuals who are foreign-born. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston The largest age demographic is individuals aged 39–54, who comprise 29% of the population. Hyde Park's elderly population has remained relatively unchanged over the last 20 years, with the count hovering around 4,000, or 6.5% of the total. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston The Hyde Park YMCA was built in 1902; a major renovation of the original facility was completed in 2010. The Roman Catholic Most Precious Blood Church, built in the English Gothic style, was completed in 1885 (its spire was removed in 1954). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston 11 parks and playgrounds are spread across Hyde Park as well as numerous open spaces. The Stony Brook Reservation is the largest, containing over 400 acres of managed land and 10 miles of hiking paths. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Boston The memorial was turned over to the National Park Service in 1955. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marine Corps War Memorial Following that, a U.S. flag was raised up the Memorial's flagpole. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marine Corps War Memorial Erected By The Marine Corps War Memorial Foundation, With Funds Provided By Marines And Their Friends, And With The Cooperation And Support Of Many Public Officials. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marine Corps War Memorial The United States Marine Corps War Memorial (Iwo Jima Memorial) is a national memorial located in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States. The memorial was dedicated in 1954 to all Marines who have given their lives in defense of the United States since 1775. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marine Corps War Memorial Eventually the Vizier (Wazir), whose duty it is to provide them, cannot find any more virgins. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) One Thousand and One Nights Hyde Park's official boundaries are 51st Street/Hyde Park Boulevard on the north, the Midway Plaisance (between 59th and 60th streets) on the south, Washington Park on the west, and Lake Michigan on the east. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago In the early 21st century, Hyde Park received national attention for its association with U.S. President Barack Obama, who, before running for president, was a Senior Lecturer for twelve years at the University of Chicago Law School. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago It was conveniently located near the Illinois Central Railroad, which had been constructed two years earlier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago " After the plan was carried out, Hyde Park's average income soared by seventy percent, but its African American population fell by forty percent, since the substandard housing primarily occupied by low-income African Americans had been purchased, torn down, and replaced, with the residents not being able to afford to remain in the newly rehabilitated areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago In this respect, East Hyde Park differs markedly from the rest of Hyde Park, where the vast majority of residences are either three-story apartment buildings or single-family homes (with only a small number of high-rise condominiums). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park's location in the center of the predominantly African American South Side of Chicago as well as its large population of well-to-do black residents have made it an important cultural and political hub of Chicago's black community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Many of Chicago's prominent African American politicians live or have lived in Hyde Park, including former Chicago Mayor Harold Washington, former U.S. Senator Carol Moseley Braun, and former U.S. President Barack Obama. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Hyde Park Township remained independent of Chicago until it was annexed to the city in 1889. After annexation, the definition of Hyde Park as a Chicago neighborhood was restricted to the historic core of the former township, centered on Cornell's initial development between 51st and 55th streets near the lakefront. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago The World's Columbian Exposition brought fame to the neighborhood, which gave rise to an inflow of new residents and spurred new development that gradually started transforming Hyde Park into a more urban area. However, since most of the structures built for the fair were temporary, it left few direct traces in the neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago After the Supreme Court banned racially restrictive covenants in 1948, African Americans began moving into Hyde Park, and the neighborhood gradually became multiracial. In 1955, civil rights activist Leon Despres was elected alderman of Hyde Park and held the position for twenty years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago The part of Hyde Park located east of the Metra tracks is locally called East Hyde Park. This area, the part of Hyde Park nearest to Lake Michigan, has a large number of high-rise condominiums, many of them facing the lakefront. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago There are significant differences between the racial demographics of the part of Hyde Park south of 55th Street (most of which is part of the University of Chicago campus) and the part of Hyde Park north of 55th Street. Residents south of 55th Street are predominantly White and Asian American, with only a relatively small percentage being African American. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago North of 55th Street, on the other hand, African Americans make up approximately half of the population. The population of the northwestern corner of Hyde Park (north of 55th Street and west of Drexel Avenue) is almost 100% African American. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Jackson Park consists of lagoons surrounding an island in the middle (called the Wooded Island), on which a small Japanese garden is located. It is home to a large population of beavers and over two dozen species of birds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago 53rd Street is Hyde Park's oldest shopping district, lined with many small businesses and restaurants offering various dining options. Harper Court, a small-business-oriented shopping center, extends north of 53rd Street along Harper Avenue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago The segment of 55th Street between the Metra line and the lake offers a series of ethnic restaurants serving Thai, Japanese, and Korean cuisine. To the west of the Metra line between 54th and 55th streets lies the Hyde Park Shopping Center. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Chesa Boudin (born 1980), 30th District Attorney of San Francisco (2020-present). He was raised in Hyde Park by his legal guardians Bill Ayers and Bernardine Dohrn. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, Chicago Translate the first figure by this vector so that these two vertices match. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Congruence (geometry) For two polyhedra with the same combinatorial type (that is, --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Congruence (geometry) " Bellamy recalled that the event "had to be more than a list of exercises. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pledge of Allegiance The park's name comes from the Manor of Hyde, which was the northeast sub-division of the manor of Eia (the other two sub-divisions were Ebury and Neyte) and appears as such in the Domesday Book. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Military executions were common in Hyde Park at this time; John Rocque's Map of London, 1746 marks a point inside the park, close to the Tyburn gallows, as "where soldiers are shot." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Popular areas within Hyde Park include Speakers' Corner (located in the northeast corner near Marble Arch), close to the former site of the Tyburn gallows, and Rotten Row, which is the northern boundary of the site of the Crystal Palace. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London The Cavalry Memorial was built in 1924 at Stanhope Gate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London The British Live 8 concert took place in Hyde Park on 2 July 2005, as a concert organised by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise awareness of increased debts and poverty in the third world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London In 1998 British artist Marion Coutts recreated Hyde Park, along with Battersea and Regent's Park, as a set of asymmetrical ping-pong tables for her interactive installation Fresh Air. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London It is the largest of four Royal Parks that form a chain from the entrance of Kensington Palace through Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park, via Hyde Park Corner and Green Park past the main entrance to Buckingham Palace. The park is divided by the Serpentine and the Long Water lakes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Further north is Paddington, further east is Mayfair and further south is Belgravia. To the southeast, outside the park, is Hyde Park Corner, beyond which is Green Park, St. James's Park and Buckingham Palace Gardens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London To the southeast, outside the park, is Hyde Park Corner, beyond which is Green Park, St. James's Park and Buckingham Palace Gardens. The park has been Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens since 1987.To the west, Hyde Park merges with Kensington Gardens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Kensington Gardens has been separate from Hyde Park since 1728, when Queen Caroline divided them. Hyde Park covers 142 hectares (350 acres), and Kensington Gardens covers 111 hectares (275 acres), giving a total area of 253 hectares (625 acres). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park was created for hunting by Henry Vlll in 1536 after he acquired the manor of Hyde from the Abbey. It was enclosed as a deer park and remained a private hunting ground until James I permitted limited access to gentlefolk, appointing a ranger to take charge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park was a popular duelling spot during the 18th century, with 172 taking place, leading to 63 fatalities. The Hamilton–Mohun Duel took place there in 1712 when Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun fought James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London The first coherent landscaping in Hyde Park began in 1726. It was undertaken by Charles Bridgeman for King George I, but following the king's death the following year, it continued with approval of his daughter-in-law, Queen Caroline. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London It is divided from the Long Water by a bridge designed by George Rennie in 1826.The work was completed in 1733. The 2nd Viscount Weymouth was made Ranger of Hyde Park in 1739 and shortly after began digging the Serpentine lakes at Longleat. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London The coronation of King George IV in 1821 was celebrated with a fair in the park, including an air balloon and firework displays. One of the most important events to take place in Hyde Park was the Great Exhibition of 1851. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Victoria remained fond of Hyde Park in the final years of her life and often drove there twice a day. As part of the Queen's Silver Jubilee in 1977, a Jubilee Exhibition was set up in Hyde Park, with the Queen and Prince Philip visiting on 30 June. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London As part of the Queen's Silver Jubilee in 1977, a Jubilee Exhibition was set up in Hyde Park, with the Queen and Prince Philip visiting on 30 June. In 2012, a major festival took place in the park as part of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London On 18 September 2010, Hyde Park was the setting for a prayer vigil with Pope Benedict XVI as part of his visit to the United Kingdom, attended by around 80,000 people. A large crowd assembled along the Mall to see the Pope arrive for his address. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Queen Anne's Alcove was designed by Sir Christopher Wren and was moved to the park from its original location in Kensington Gardens. During the late 20th century, over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London As well as Speakers' Corner, several important mass demonstrations have occurred in Hyde Park. On 26 July 1886, the Reform League staged a march from their headquarters towards the park, campaigning for increased suffrage and representation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London On 26 July 1886, the Reform League staged a march from their headquarters towards the park, campaigning for increased suffrage and representation. Though the police had closed the park, the crowd managed to break down the perimeter railings and get inside, leading to the event being dubbed "The Hyde Park Railings Affair". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Pink Floyd returned to Hyde Park on 18 July 1970, playing new material from Atom Heart Mother. All of the early gigs from 1968 to 1971 were free events, contrasting sharply with the later commercial endeavours. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London The headliners were Duran Duran, representing England, alongside the Stereophonics for Wales, Paolo Nutini for Scotland and Snow Patrol for Northern Ireland. Since 2011, Radio 2 Live in Hyde Park has taken place each September. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Since 2011, Radio 2 Live in Hyde Park has taken place each September. Local residents have become critical of Hyde Park as a concert venue, due to the sound levels, and have campaigned for a maximum sound level of 73 decibels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London Paddington station, served by Bakerloo, Circle and District, and Hammersmith & City lines, is close to Lancaster Gate station and a short walk away from Hyde Park. Several main roads run around the perimeter of Hyde Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, London In spring 1939, Sara Delano, the mother of Franklin D. Roosevelt, asks his sixth cousin Margaret "Daisy" Suckley to visit the ill President at their country estate in Hyde Park, New York. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park on Hudson The site's critical consensus reads, "Though bolstered by a thoroughly charming performance by Bill Murray in the central role, Hyde Park on Hudson is an FDR biopic that lets down both its audience and its subject." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park on Hudson In June 1939, King George VI and his wife, Queen Elizabeth, visit the United States, during which they stay with the Roosevelts at Hyde Park. The British hope that the visit will improve the chances of American support during the future war with Germany. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park on Hudson The meeting was chaired by Commissioner F. Haydn Williams, chairman of ABMC's World War II Memorial Site and Design Committee, who would go on to guide the project through the site selection and approval process and the selection and approval of the Memorial's design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) World War II Memorial In 1987, World War II veteran Roger Durbin approached Representative Marcy Kaptur, a Democrat from Ohio, to ask if a World War II memorial could be constructed. Kaptur introduced the World War II Memorial Act to the House of Representatives as HR 3742 on December 10. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) World War II Memorial Critics were particularly bothered by the expedited approval process, which is considerably lengthy most of the time. The United States Congress, worried that World War II veterans were dying before an appropriate memorial could be built, passed legislation exempting the World War II Memorial from further site and design review. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) World War II Memorial The racial makeup was 87.1% white, 6.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.8% other races, 2.4% two or more races. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, New York In 2007, Hyde Park's Eveready Diner was featured on Season 1 (Ep. 6) of Guy Fieri's television series Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives on the Food Network. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park was a part of Clinton, New York until 1821, when it was incorporated as a separate town. The Hyde Park Railroad Station, located at the mouth of Crum Elbow Creek along the Hudson River, was used by the town's residents, including the Roosevelts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park is the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945), who served as president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. His estate, Springwood, is the site of the Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site maintained by the National Park Service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, New York The Hudson River defines the west town line, which is the border with Ulster County. Hyde Park is bordered by the town of Poughkeepsie to the south, Rhinebeck to the north, and Clinton and Pleasant Valley to the east. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Hyde Park, New York The Memorial to the Civilian Victims of the Japanese Occupation, usually called the Civilian War Memorial, is a war memorial and heritage landmark in Singapore next to Esplanade MRT station. It was built in memory of the civilians killed during the Japanese occupation of Singapore during World War II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civilian War Memorial It was built in memory of the civilians killed during the Japanese occupation of Singapore during World War II. The Civilian War Memorial sits on serene parkland in the midst of busy city traffic near Singapore's Padang and City Hall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civilian War Memorial The memorial was completed in January 1967 at a total construction cost of about S$500,000. On 15 February that year, the Civilian War Memorial was officially unveiled by then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, who laid a wreath at the memorial. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Civilian War Memorial These figures are "massive statues of Toltec warriors". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlantean figures Like the Atlantean figures in Tula, the figures from Chichen Itza have not been dated exactly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlantean figures The Aztec Atlantean figures have characteristics of a warrior. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlantean figures Furthermore, the Aztecs created chacmools, reclining figures used for rituals, based on those that they encountered in Tula. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Atlantean figures As a National Memorial, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial On April 27, 1979, four years after the Fall of Saigon, The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, Inc. (VVMF) was incorporated as a non-profit organization to establish a memorial to veterans of the Vietnam War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Since its early years, criticism of the Memorial's design faded. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial About two years later the Three Soldiers statue was dedicated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Located in Augusta, Georgia, opened in 2019, the Augusta-CSRA Vietnam War Veterans Memorial is not a replica but follows the principles set forth by the national monument of honoring those fallen in Vietnam with inscriptions of the names, 169 total, who made the supreme sacrifice in Vietnam. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. The organization has been disbanded, but their web site is maintained by the Vietnam War Project at Texas Tech University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years and struggled against opposition to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. The organization was disbanded, but their website is maintained by the Vietnam War Project at Texas Tech University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Vietnam Veterans Memorial 13,000 items are displayed in six halls under different themes: Memorial Hall, War History, Korean War, Expeditionary Forces, ROK Armed Forces, and Large Equipment, plus the outside exhibition area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War Memorial of Korea Served with the 4258th Strategic Wing at U-Tapao RTAFB in Thailand during the Vietnam War and the 96th Bombardment Wing at Dyess AFB, Texas. It is currently on a long-term loan to the War Memorial of Korea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) War Memorial of Korea The Australian War Memorial forms the north terminus of the city's ceremonial land axis, which stretches from Parliament House on Capital Hill along a line passing through the summit of the cone-shaped Mount Ainslie to the northeast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial The Australian War Memorial consists of three parts: the Commemorative Area (shrine) including the Hall of Memory with the Tomb of the Unknown Australian Soldier, the Memorial's galleries (museum) and Research Centre (records). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial The Memorial was initially planned as a museum memorial dedicated solely to the remembrance of Australian involvement in World War I. However, in 1939, as it became clear that a second war of similar proportions would break out, the Memorial's Board of Management decided to make the building a space for the remembrance of all Australian involvement in war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial There is a gun turret and Bridge from HMAS Brisbane, a gun barrel from the heavy cruiser HMAS Australia and the barrel from the Amiens Gun – a huge railroad gun captured from the Germans during World War I.At the rear of the Memorial outside ANZAC --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial The Australian War Memorial is Australia's national memorial to the members of its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia and some conflicts involving personnel from the Australian colonies prior to Federation. Opened in 1941, the memorial includes an extensive national military museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial The Australian War Memorial consists of three parts: the Commemorative Area (shrine) including the Hall of Memory with the Tomb of the Unknown Australian Soldier, the Memorial's galleries (museum) and Research Centre (records). The Memorial also has an outdoor Sculpture Garden. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Australian War Memorial The figure is of two bowls or cups turned upside-down. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Geomantic figures By itself, it is neutral, only becoming favourable or not by other figures around it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Geomantic figures The figure resembles two bowls or cups turned upright. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Geomantic figures It is favorable with favorable figures, and unfavorable with unfavorable ones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Geomantic figures New Hyde Park is a place which locates at 40°43′56″N 73°41′05″W.According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2), all of it being land. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New Hyde Park, New York The New Hyde Park Fire District, Garden City Park Water and Fire District, and Manhasset-Lakeville Fire District provide fire protection for various portions of the New Hyde Park 11040 postal zone located in Nassau County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) New Hyde Park, New York The story is about two brothers who learn their father did not die when they were young. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Father Figures For example, 1300 with three significant figures becomes 1.30×103. Likewise 0.0123 can be rewritten as 1.23×10−2. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Significant figures The Princess Park is a 14-acres large area north of India Gate, with barrack-like accommodations built during World War II. Since 1947, it has served as family accommodation for mid-level armed forces officers posted in the Service Headquarters in New Delhi. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National War Memorial (India) The proposed National War Museum will be connected by metro. The construction of the War Memorial and Museum is expected to cost ₹500 crore (US$70 million).In July 2020, the Central Public Works Department opened the tender for the selection of a consultant for the National War Museum in an area of around 10 acre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National War Memorial (India) She asked the city of Hampton for an exception, and it was granted. The school turned out to be run down and dilapidated, a hidden cost of running two parallel school systems. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hidden Figures The Kargil War Memorial, also known as Dras War Memorial, is a war memorial built by the Indian Army in the town of Dras, commemorating the 1999 Kargil War between India and Pakistan. The memorial is located on the Srinagar-Leh National Highway 1D, about 5 km from the city centre across the Tiger Hill. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Kargil War Memorial At 10:40 am, a nail bomb exploded in the boot of a blue Morris Marina parked on South Carriage Drive (51.503°N 0.156°W / 51.503; -0.156) in Hyde Park. The bomb comprised 25 lb (11 kg) of gelignite and 30 lb (14 kg) of nails. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Charles Haughey, Taoiseach of Ireland, said: "Those responsible for these human crimes do irreparable damage to the good names of Ireland. "Sefton, a horse that survived the attack at Hyde Park despite suffering serious wounds, became famous after appearing in many television shows and was awarded Horse of the Year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings They stated that though the conviction was unsafe it did not mean McNamee was necessarily innocent of the charge. On 19 May 2013, 61-year-old John Anthony Downey, from County Donegal, was charged with murder in relation to the Hyde Park bomb and intending to cause an explosion likely to endanger life. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Hyde Park is covered by Boston Police Department District E-18 located in Cleary Square, and the Boston Fire Department station on Fairmount Avenue is the quarters of Ladder Company 28 & Engine Company 48. Boston EMS Ambulance Station 18 is located on Dana Avenue. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston Immigrants from rural areas of Haiti had limited education beyond early elementary school years. As a result of a Federal lawsuit by parents from Hyde Park and other areas of the city, Boston Public Schools were mandated to provide a comprehensive literacy program. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston As a result of a Federal lawsuit by parents from Hyde Park and other areas of the city, Boston Public Schools were mandated to provide a comprehensive literacy program. The Haitian Literacy Program has been housed at Hyde Park High School since 1989.Hyde Park is currently under a major redevelopment effort by the Boston Redevelopment Authority. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston Hyde Park's central business district, located between Cleary and Logan Squares, features a variety of historic buildings, including the neighborhood's municipal building, which was built by the City of Boston after the 1912 annexation. The Hyde Park YMCA was built in 1902; a major renovation of the original facility was completed in 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston The United States Postal Service operates the Hyde Park Post Office in Cleary Square, as well as the Readville Post Office in Wolcott Square. Hyde Park is represented in the Boston City Council by Ricardo Arroyo, who was elected in 2019.In the Massachusetts General Court, Hyde Park is represented by Representative Angelo Scaccia and Senator Mike Rush. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston Additionally, several MBTA bus routes (numbers 24, 32, 33 and 50) through Cleary and Logan Squares provide connections to the Orange and Red Lines, at Forest Hills station in Jamaica Plain and Mattapan station in Mattapan respectively. Hyde Park has no subway stations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Boston The memorial was dedicated in 1954 to all Marines who have given their lives in defense of the United States since 1775. It is located in Arlington Ridge Park within the George Washington Memorial Parkway, near the Ord-Weitzel Gate to Arlington National Cemetery and the Netherlands Carillon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marine Corps War Memorial The area encompassing Hyde Park and the southern part of Kenwood is sometimes referred to as Hyde Park-Kenwood, which includes the neighborhoods of East Hyde Park and Indian Village. Hyde Park is home to a number of institutions of higher education; among these are the University of Chicago, Catholic Theological Union, Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago, and McCormick Theological Seminary. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago In the early 21st century, Hyde Park received national attention for its association with U.S. President Barack Obama, who, before running for president, was a Senior Lecturer for twelve years at the University of Chicago Law School. Hyde Park is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center which is being built in Jackson Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1861, Hyde Park was incorporated as an independent township (called Hyde Park Township). Its boundaries were Pershing Road (39th Street) on the north, 138th Street on the south, State Street on the west, and Lake Michigan and the Indiana state line on the east. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago In 1893, Hyde Park hosted the World's Columbian Exposition (a world's fair marking the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the New World). The World's Columbian Exposition brought fame to the neighborhood, which gave rise to an inflow of new residents and spurred new development that gradually started transforming Hyde Park into a more urban area. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago In the 2016 presidential election, Hyde Park cast 10,479 votes for Hillary Clinton and 442 votes for Donald Trump (91.9% to 3.9%). In the 2012 presidential election, Hyde Park cast 9,991 votes for Barack Obama and cast 651 votes for Mitt Romney (91.4% to 6.0%). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago CTA buses provide express service to the downtown, and they also allow transfers to Red Line and Green Line trains to the Loop. The Metra Electric Line, which uses the tracks of the former Illinois Central Railroad, has several stops in Hyde Park and provides service to Millennium Station in the downtown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, Chicago Fourth, reflect the rotated figure about this matched side until the figures match. If at any time the step cannot be completed, the polygons are not congruent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Congruence (geometry) " Bellamy recalled that the event "had to be more than a list of exercises. The ritual must be prepared with simplicity and dignity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pledge of Allegiance The park has been Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens since 1987.To the west, Hyde Park merges with Kensington Gardens. The dividing line runs approximately between Alexandra Gate to Victoria Gate via West Carriage Drive and the Serpentine Bridge. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Baron Thurlow fought Andrew Stuart in a Hyde Park duel in 1770. Military executions were common in Hyde Park at this time; John Rocque's Map of London, 1746 marks a point inside the park, close to the Tyburn gallows, as "where soldiers are shot." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park hosted a Great Fair in the summer of 1814 to celebrate the Allied sovereigns' visit to England, and exhibited various stalls and shows. The Battle of Trafalgar was re-enacted on the Serpentine, with a band playing the National Anthem while the French fleet sank into the lake. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park has been a major venue for several Royal jubilees and celebrations. For the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1887, a party was organised on 22 June where around 26,000 school children were given a free meal as a gift. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London In 2012, a major festival took place in the park as part of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. On 6 February, the King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery fired a 41-gun Royal Salute at Hyde Park Corner. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London A memorial was constructed to the left of the Albert Gate to commemorate the soldiers and horses killed in the blast. Since 2007, Hyde Park has played host to the annual Winter Wonderland event, which features numerous Christmas-themed markets, along with various rides and attractions, alongside bars and restaurants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London The grand entrance to the park at Hyde Park Corner was designed by Decimus Burton, and was constructed in the 1820s. Burton laid out the paths and driveways and designed a series of lodges, the Screen/Gate at Hyde Park Corner (also known as the Grand Entrance or the Apsley Gate) in 1825 and the Wellington Arch, which opened in 1828. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London The sculptor Jacob Epstein constructed several works in Hyde Park. His memorial to the author William Henry Hudson, featuring his character Rima caused public outrage when it was unveiled in 1925.There has been a fountain at Grosvenor Gate since 1863, designed by Alexander Munro. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Hyde Park's Speakers' Corner has acquired an international reputation for demonstrations and other protests due to its tolerance of free speech. In 1855, a protest at the park was organised to demonstrate against Robert Grosvenor's attempt to ban Sunday trading, including a restriction on pub opening times. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Though the police had closed the park, the crowd managed to break down the perimeter railings and get inside, leading to the event being dubbed "The Hyde Park Railings Affair". After the protests turned violent, three squadrons of Horse Guards and numerous Foot Guards were sent out from Marble Arch to combat the situation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London After the protests turned violent, three squadrons of Horse Guards and numerous Foot Guards were sent out from Marble Arch to combat the situation. On 21 June 1908, as part of "Women's Sunday", a reported 750,000 people marched from the Embankment to Hyde Park protesting for votes for women. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London On 21 June 1908, as part of "Women's Sunday", a reported 750,000 people marched from the Embankment to Hyde Park protesting for votes for women. The first protest against the planned 2003 invasion of Iraq took place in Hyde Park on 28 September 2002, with 150,000–350,000 in attendance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London The music management company Blackhill Enterprises held the first rock concert in Hyde Park on 29 June 1968, attended by 15,000 people. On the bill were Pink Floyd, Roy Harper and Jethro Tull, while John Peel later said it was "the nicest concert I’ve ever been to". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Queen played a free concert organised by Richard Branson in the park on 18 September 1976, partway through recording the album A Day at the Races. The band drew an audience of 150,000 – 200,000, which remains the largest crowd for a Hyde Park concert. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London The group were not allowed to play an encore, and police threatened to arrest frontman Freddie Mercury if he attempted to do so. The British Live 8 concert took place in Hyde Park on 2 July 2005, as a concert organised by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise awareness of increased debts and poverty in the third world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London There are numerous cycle paths, and horse riding is popular. In 1998 British artist Marion Coutts recreated Hyde Park, along with Battersea and Regent's Park, as a set of asymmetrical ping-pong tables for her interactive installation Fresh Air. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London High Street Kensington tube station, on the Circle and District is very close to Kensington Palace located on the Southwest corner of Kensington Gardens. Paddington station, served by Bakerloo, Circle and District, and Hammersmith & City lines, is close to Lancaster Gate station and a short walk away from Hyde Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Transport within the park for people lacking mobility and disabled visitors is provided free of charge by Liberty Drives, located at Triangle Carpark. Cycle Superhighway 3 (CS3) begins at Lancaster Gate, on the northern perimeter of Hyde Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, London Kaptur introduced the World War II Memorial Act to the House of Representatives as HR 3742 on December 10. The resolution authorized the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) to establish a World War II memorial in "Washington, D.C., or its environs", but the bill was not voted on before the end of the session. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) World War II Memorial On March 17, 1993, the Senate approved the act, and the House approved an amended version of the bill on May 4. On May 12, the Senate also approved the amended bill, and the World War II Memorial Act was signed into law by President Bill Clinton on May 25 of that year, becoming Pub. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) World War II Memorial Representatives from the United States Commission of Fine Arts, the National Capital Planning Commission, the National Capital Memorial Commission, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Park Service attended the meeting. The selection of an appropriate site was taken on as the first action. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) World War II Memorial In 1697, Hyde granted nine close friends of his a large swatch of land "south of Albany" in the Great Nine Partners Patent, which would eventually make up much of Hyde Park. In 1804 a tavern keeper named Miller, seeking new guests, renamed the tavern "the Hyde Park Inn", much to the annoyance of Doctor Bard. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, New York It is located about 2 miles (3 km) east of the home of FDR.Franklin D. Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt are both buried in the rose garden at "Springwood". President Roosevelt's father, James Roosevelt, Sr., served a term as supervisor of the town of Hyde Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, New York As of the 2010 census, the town's population was 21,571. The racial makeup was 87.1% white, 6.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.8% other races, 2.4% two or more races. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, New York The racial makeup was 87.1% white, 6.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.8% other races, 2.4% two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 5.6% of the population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, New York The racial makeup of the town was 91.02% White, 4.25% African American, 0.20% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 1.19% from other races, and 1.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.23% of the population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Hyde Park, New York At Potrero Nuevo near San Lorenzo, part of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán, there is an altar supported by two Atlantean figures created by The Olmecs. It is believed to be the "oldest Mesoamerican example of the themes of atlantes holding up altars or ceilings" The atlantes at this site are also unique compared to those found at other sites. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Atlantean figures The Memorial Wall is made up of two 246-foot-9-inch (75.21 m) long black granite walls, polished to a high finish, and etched with the names of the servicemen being honored in 140 panels of horizontal rows with regular typeface and spacing. The walls are sunken into the ground, with the earth behind them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The memorial was dedicated on November 13, 1982, as part of a five-day ceremony that began on November 10, 1982, presided over by President Ronald Reagan, and which involved a procession of tens of thousands of Vietnam War veterans. About two years later the Three Soldiers statue was dedicated. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial L. 106–214 (text) (pdf), honoring veterans who died after the war as a direct result of injuries suffered in Vietnam, but who fall outside Department of Defense guidelines was dedicated. Ruth Coder Fitzgerald, the founder of The Vietnam War In Memory Memorial Plaque Project, worked for years and struggled against opposition to have the In Memory Memorial Plaque completed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Items left at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial are collected by National Park Service employees and transferred to the NPS Museum Resource Center, which catalogs and stores all items except perishable organic matter (such as fresh flowers) and unaltered U.S. flags. The flags are redistributed through various channels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial There is also a Purple Heart Memorial, a Marine Corps Aviation Bell Tower and a monument to the submarine lifeguards who rescued Navy pilots in World War II. A Global War on Terror Memorial is planned to be completed in 2017 and will include an artifact from the World Trade Center as a component of the sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Located in Fox Park in Wildwood, New Jersey, The Wildwoods Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall was unveiled and dedicated on May 29, 2010. The memorial wall is an almost half-size granite replica of the National Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the only permanent memorial north of the nation's capital. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial Located at Freedom Park in South Sioux City, Nebraska exists a half-scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall that duplicates the original design. Dedicated in 2014, the 250-foot wall is constructed with black granite mined from the same quarry in India as the original. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Vietnam Veterans Memorial The War Memorial was built to commemorate the military veterans and victims in the wars which led to the modern nation state. The museum also has the purpose of educating future generations by collecting, preserving, and exhibiting various historical relics and records related to the many wars fought in the country from a South Korean perspective. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) War Memorial of Korea The memorial is located in Australia's capital, Canberra, in the suburb of Campbell. The Australian War Memorial forms the north terminus of the city's ceremonial land axis, which stretches from Parliament House on Capital Hill along a line passing through the summit of the cone-shaped Mount Ainslie to the northeast. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australian War Memorial Many continue to be inserted beside the names of those who died. The Memorial only remove the poppies when the plaques have to be rewaxed for their preservation, otherwise, the Memorial staff make no effort to remove them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australian War Memorial There is a gun turret and Bridge from HMAS Brisbane, a gun barrel from the heavy cruiser HMAS Australia and the barrel from the Amiens Gun – a huge railroad gun captured from the Germans during World War I.At the rear of the Memorial outside ANZAC Hall there is a Centurion Tank and a Thales Bushmaster. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australian War Memorial The magazine's first issue was published in November 1997.The memorial also previously published a journal titled The Journal of the Australian War Memorial (ISSN 1327-0141). In October 2003, after publishing 39 issues, the journal went into hiatus, although a fortieth and final issue was published in January 2007. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Australian War Memorial One Hyde Park is a major residential and retail complex located in Knightsbridge, London. The development includes three retail units (Rolex, McLaren Automotive and Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank) and 86 residential properties marketed with prices starting at around £20 million. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) One Hyde Park As part of the construction of One Hyde Park, a new entrance to Knightsbridge tube station was built. This opened in December 2010In January 2011, a newspaper report at the time of the development's launch party indicated that according to Land Registry records the sale of only five properties had been completed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) One Hyde Park Latin for "Loss". The figure is of two bowls or cups turned upside-down. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Geomantic figures The figure is of two bowls or cups turned upside-down. Astrologically, it is associated with Taurus and Venus retrograde. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Geomantic figures The figure resembles two bowls or cups turned upright. It is good in almost all situations, especially for getting and obtaining things. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Geomantic figures Raising cattle was a chief agricultural enterprise from Dongan's time until the mid-19th century, when cattle farming in the expanding American West forced the farmers into other pursuits. When a post office opened in 1871, the name was changed from Hyde Park to New Hyde Park to avoid confusion with the upstate Hyde Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) New Hyde Park, New York In addition, a small section of the New Hyde Park postal zone extends into the village of North Hills, also in Nassau County. Finally, a small area of Queens called Glen Oaks is provided mail service by the New Hyde Park 11040 post office. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) New Hyde Park, New York
24437.	Q: What tool is hanging from the ceiling in the Edmond and Lily Safra Fine Arts Wing of the Israel Museum? Title = Galleries of Modern Art (3) Description = A: Shovel Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Israel Antiquities Authority, Eretz Israel Museum, Israel Museum, List of Israeli museums, Big Bambú, Israeli Air Force Museum, Pilate stone, Dead Sea Scrolls, List of works by Norman Foster, Israel, Culture of Israel Toggle details	The Edmond and Lily Safra Fine Arts Wing reflects the wide-ranging, interdisciplinary nature of the Museum's collections, encompassing works of art from across the ages in Western and non-Western cultures. --- (0.35, 0.0, 0.35) Israel Museum Art of the Americas Wing at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) List of works by Norman Foster Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) List of works by Norman Foster In 2009, the Israel Museum received $12 million from the Edmond J. Safra Philanthropic Foundation, towards the renovation, reinstallation, and endowment of its fine arts wing, which will be renamed after Edmond and Lily Safra. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) Israel Museum Bilbao Fine Arts Museum expansion, Bilbao, Spain (competition won, 2019) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of works by Norman Foster The Museum houses works dating from prehistory to the present day in its Archaeology, Fine Arts, and Jewish Art and Life Wings, and features extensive holdings of biblical and Land of Israel archaeology. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Israel Museum In 2014, it was presented in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Big Bambú The Pilate stone is currently located at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Pilate stone A cast of the skull is on display at the Israel Museum. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Israel The Israel Museum's commitment to Israeli art is central to the Museum's mission. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Israel Museum Israel Museum of Jerusalem and Google digitization project (2011–2016) === --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Dead Sea Scrolls The director-general is Mr. Israel Hason and its offices are housed in the Rockefeller Museum. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Israel Antiquities Authority Later on, this treasure was integrated in the newly established Israel Museum in 1965 into the departments of Jewish Art and of Jewish Ethnography. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Israel Museum Benjamin, Chaya, Early Israeli Arts and Crafts: Bezalel Treasures from the Alan B. Slifka Collection in the Israel Museum, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 2008. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Israel Museum Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek was the driving spirit behind the establishment of the Israel Museum, one of the leading art and archaeology museums in the world. The Museum houses works dating from prehistory to the present day in its Archaeology, Fine Arts, and Jewish Art and Life Wings, and features extensive holdings of biblical and Land of Israel archaeology. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Israel Museum The Museum houses works dating from prehistory to the present day in its Archaeology, Fine Arts, and Jewish Art and Life Wings, and features extensive holdings of biblical and Land of Israel archaeology. Since its establishment in 1965, the Museum has built up a collection of nearly 500,000 objects, representing a broad sample of world material culture. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Israel Museum The Israel Antiquities Authority plans to move into a new building for the National Campus for the Archaeology of Israel in Jerusalem, next to the Israel Museum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel Antiquities Authority The Eretz Israel Museum (also known as Muza) is a historical and archeological museum in the Ramat Aviv neighborhood of Tel Aviv, Israel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Eretz Israel Museum He was unanimously elected by the Museum's Board of Directors, chaired by Isaac Molho, following an extensive search and review process of candidates from Israel and abroad. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel Museum The Israel Museum receives only 10% to 12% of its operating budget from state and municipal sources. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel Museum Benjamin, Chaya, The Stieglitz Collection: Masterpieces of Jewish Art, The Israel Museum 1987. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel Museum On October 25, 2017, Prof. Ido Bruno was appointed Director of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem as the Anne and Jerome Fisher Director. Bruno served as a professor in the Industrial Design Department of the Bezalel Academy of Arts & Design, Jerusalem. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Israel Museum On 25 September 2011 the Israel Museum Digital Dead Sea Scrolls site went online. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dead Sea Scrolls Israel claims ownership of the Dead Sea Scrolls collection currently housed in the Shrine of the Book on the grounds of the Israel Museum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Dead Sea Scrolls The campus is planned on 20,000 square meters between the Israel Museum and the Bible Lands Museum in Jerusalem by Architect Moshe Safdie. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Antiquities Authority The IAA regulates excavation and conservation, and promotes research. The director-general is Mr. Israel Hason and its offices are housed in the Rockefeller Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Antiquities Authority Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek was the driving spirit behind the establishment of the Israel Museum, one of the leading art and archaeology museums in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum On October 25, 2017, Prof. Ido Bruno was appointed Director of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem as the Anne and Jerome Fisher Director. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum The Samuel and Saidye Bronfman Archaeology Wing tells the story of the ancient Land of Israel, home to peoples of different cultures and faiths, using unique examples from the Museum's collection of Holy Land archaeology, the foremost holding in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum The Israel Museum holds a large collection of paintings representing a wide range of periods, styles, subjects, and regions of origin. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum Over the years the Wing's holdings have been strengthened through gifts and acquisitions of individual objects; gift of private collections; and fieldwork within communities in Israel and abroad. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum Shachar, Isaiah, Jewish tradition in art; The Feuchtwanger collection of Judaica, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 1971. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum Later on, this treasure was integrated in the newly established Israel Museum in 1965 into the departments of Jewish Art and of Jewish Ethnography. In 1995 they were united into a new independent wing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Museum In 2013, it was installed on the Japanese island of Teshima during the Setouchi Triennale art festival. In 2014, it was presented in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Big Bambú The Pilate stone is currently located at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Plaster-cast replicas can be found at the Archaeological Museum in Milan, Italy, and on display in Caesarea Maritima itself. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pilate stone Almost all of the Dead Sea Scrolls are held by the state of Israel in the Shrine of the Book on the grounds of the Israel Museum, but ownership of the scrolls is disputed by Jordan and Palestine. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dead Sea Scrolls Israel claims ownership of the Dead Sea Scrolls collection currently housed in the Shrine of the Book on the grounds of the Israel Museum. This ownership is contested by both Jordan and by the Palestinian Authority. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Dead Sea Scrolls It is also the home of the first hominid fossil skull found in Western Asia, called Galilee Man. A cast of the skull is on display at the Israel Museum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Israel Eretz Israel Museum, established in 1953, has a large display of archaeological, anthropological and historical artifacts organized in a series of exhibition pavilions on its grounds. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Eretz Israel Museum The Alexander Museum of Postal History and Philately recounts the history of postal service in the Land of Israel from the mid-15th century until the founding of the state in 1948. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Eretz Israel Museum The Israel Museum (Hebrew: מוזיאון ישראל‎, Muze'on Yisrael) was established in 1965 as Israel's foremost cultural institution and one of the world’s leading encyclopedic museums. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Israel Museum The Museum's Israeli Art collection spans the late 19th century through today, and it reflects the evolution of Israel's cultural history in the visual arts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Israel Museum An Oriental landscape combined with an ancient Jerusalem hillside, the garden serves as the backdrop for the Israel Museum's display of the evolution of the modern western sculptural tradition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Israel Museum The Israel Museum receives only 10% to 12% of its operating budget from state and municipal sources. The Israeli government provides varying amounts of funds each year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Israel Museum The majority of the Dead Sea Scrolls collection was moved to Jerusalem's Shrine of the Book (a part of the Israel Museum) after the building's completion in April 1965. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Dead Sea Scrolls The Israel Museum in Jerusalem is one of Israel's most important cultural institutions and houses the Dead Sea Scrolls, along with an extensive collection of Judaica and European art. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Israel The National Campus for the Archaeology of Israel == --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Antiquities Authority The Israel Museum's commitment to Israeli art is central to the Museum's mission. As Israel's national museum, it plays a major role in preserving Israel's artistic heritage by collecting works by Israeli artists - in Israel and abroad - and by encouraging Israel's artists to develop in their careers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Museum In 2014, it was presented in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Big Bambú is made of thousands of bamboo poles, lashed together to form a complex structure through which visitors walk on elevated bamboo paths even as a crew continues to build a new part of the structure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Big Bambú During a portion of the conflict during the 1956 war waged by Israel, Britain and France against Egypt, the scrolls collection of the Palestine Archaeological Museum was stored in the vault of the Ottoman Bank in Amman, Jordan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dead Sea Scrolls As of May 2012, five complete scrolls from the Israel Museum have been digitized for the project and are now accessible online: the Great Isaiah Scroll, the Community Rule Scroll, the Commentary on Habakkuk Scroll, the Temple Scroll, and the War Scroll. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dead Sea Scrolls Almost all of the Dead Sea Scrolls are held by the state of Israel in the Shrine of the Book on the grounds of the Israel Museum, but ownership of the scrolls is disputed by Jordan and Palestine. Many thousands of written fragments have been discovered in the Dead Sea area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Dead Sea Scrolls  'Palestine [Eretz Israel]'). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Some 156,000 remained and became Arab citizens of Israel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Jordan, Syria and Iraq responded and attacked Israel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel The PLO soon resumed its policy of attacks against Israel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel In September 2010, Israel was invited to join the OECD. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Temperatures in Israel vary widely, especially during the winter. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Israel ranked 5th globally for arms exports in 2017. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Israel Jerusalem's Israel Museum has a special pavilion showcasing the Dead Sea scrolls and a large collection of Jewish religious art, Israeli art, sculptures and Old Masters paintings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of Israel Eretz Israel Museum, established in 1953, has a large display of archaeological, anthropological and historical artifacts organized in a series of exhibition pavilions on its grounds. Each pavilion is dedicated to a different subject: glassware, ceramics, coins, copper and more. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Eretz Israel Museum The Ruth Youth Wing for Art Education was opened in 1966. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Museum The most active of the international support groups of the museum, the American Friends of the Israel Museum raised $270 million in cash, of which $47 million is in endowment funds, and donated $210 million in the art from 1972 to 2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Museum Bruno served as a professor in the Industrial Design Department of the Bezalel Academy of Arts & Design, Jerusalem. He brings to the position decades of experience as a curator and designer of exhibitions presented in Israel and across the world with a focus on art, archeology, science, and history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Museum Big Bambu: 5000 arms to hold you, constructed in the sculpture garden of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem in 2014, is 16 meters (52.5 feet) high and covers an area of over 700 square meters (7,500 square feet). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Big Bambú Israel has evidence of the earliest migration of hominids out of Africa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel The Neo-Assyrian Empire destroyed Israel around 720 BCE. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel The ban remained in place until Israel took control of the building in 1967. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel By 1958, the population of Israel rose to two million. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Between 1948 and 1970, approximately 1,150,000 Jewish refugees relocated to Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel carried out numerous retaliatory attacks by air and on the ground. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel In 1981 Israel annexed the Golan Heights, although annexation was not recognized internationally. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel's population diversity expanded in the 1980s and 1990s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Despite public outrage, Israel heeded American calls to refrain from hitting back and did not participate in that war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel The PLO also recognized Israel's right to exist and pledged an end to terrorism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel At the end of 2008, Israel entered another conflict as a ceasefire between Hamas and Israel collapsed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel is located in the Levant area of the Fertile Crescent region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Unique to Israel and the Sinai Peninsula are makhteshim, or erosion cirques. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel From May to September, rain in Israel is rare. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel For this reason, the flora and fauna of Israel are extremely diverse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel There are 2,867 known species of plants found in Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel was established as a homeland for the Jewish people and is often referred to as a Jewish state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel is governed by a 120-member parliament, known as the Knesset. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel The Basic Laws of Israel function as an uncodified constitution. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel The Gaza Strip was occupied by Egypt from 1948 to 1967 and then by Israel after 1967. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Only a few nations in the Arab League have normalized relations with Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel China maintains good ties with both Israel and the Arab world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel In 1955 Israel began its foreign aid program in Burma. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Since the late 1970s Israel's foreign aid has gradually decreased. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel In recent years Israel has tried to reestablish its aid to Africa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Some of Israel's satellites are ranked among the world's most advanced space systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel is also at the technological forefront of desalination and water recycling. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel's diverse culture stems from the diversity of its population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel has the highest number of museums per capita in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel was excluded from the 1978 Asian Games and since then has not competed in Asian sport events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel In 1994, UEFA agreed to admit Israel, and its football teams now compete in Europe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Chess is a leading sport in Israel and is enjoyed by people of all ages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Israel has the highest number of museums per capita in the world. Several Israeli museums are devoted to Islamic culture, including the Rockefeller Museum and the L. A. Mayer Institute for Islamic Art, both in Jerusalem. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Israel Jewish various symbols are omnipresent in the culture of Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of Israel In July 2010, Mikhail Baryshnikov came to perform in Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of Israel Filmmaking in Israel has undergone major developments since its inception in the 1950s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of Israel Israel has become an international center of fashion and design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of Israel Football (soccer) and basketball are the most popular sports in Israel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of Israel It took over the functions of the Department of Antiquities of the British Mandate in Israel and Palestine. Originally, its activities were based on the British Mandate Department of Antiquities ordinances. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Antiquities Authority The Jay and Jeanie Schottenstein National Campus for the Archaeology of Israel is the future building of the IAA, aiming to concentrate all centralized administrative offices into one structure. The campus is planned on 20,000 square meters between the Israel Museum and the Bible Lands Museum in Jerusalem by Architect Moshe Safdie. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Antiquities Authority The Alexander Museum of Postal History and Philately recounts the history of postal service in the Land of Israel from the mid-15th century until the founding of the state in 1948. On display are envelopes, letters, photographs, posters, mailboxes and telephones, as well as a mail truck from 1949. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Eretz Israel Museum The Israel Museum (Hebrew: מוזיאון ישראל‎, Muze'on Yisrael) was established in 1965 as Israel's foremost cultural institution and one of the world’s leading encyclopedic museums. It is situated on a hill in the Givat Ram neighborhood of Jerusalem, adjacent to the Bible Lands Museum, the Knesset, the Israeli Supreme Court, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Museum Since its establishment in 1965, the Museum has built up a collection of nearly 500,000 objects, representing a broad sample of world material culture. On October 25, 2017, Prof. Ido Bruno was appointed Director of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem as the Anne and Jerome Fisher Director. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Museum He brings to the position decades of experience as a curator and designer of exhibitions presented in Israel and across the world with a focus on art, archeology, science, and history. He was unanimously elected by the Museum's Board of Directors, chaired by Isaac Molho, following an extensive search and review process of candidates from Israel and abroad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Museum Painters in the collection include such international figures as Rembrandt and Camille Pissarro as well as such Israeli and Jewish artists as Marc Chagall, Abel Pann, and Reuven Rubin. The Israel Museum's commitment to Israeli art is central to the Museum's mission. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Museum As Israel's national museum, it plays a major role in preserving Israel's artistic heritage by collecting works by Israeli artists - in Israel and abroad - and by encouraging Israel's artists to develop in their careers. The Museum's Israeli Art collection spans the late 19th century through today, and it reflects the evolution of Israel's cultural history in the visual arts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Museum On 25 September 2011 the Israel Museum Digital Dead Sea Scrolls site went online. It gives users access to searchable, high-resolution images of the scrolls, as well as short explanatory videos and background information on the texts and their history. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dead Sea Scrolls The majority of the Dead Sea Scrolls collection was moved to Jerusalem's Shrine of the Book (a part of the Israel Museum) after the building's completion in April 1965. The museum falls under the auspices of the Israel Antiquities Authority, an official agency of the Israeli government. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Dead Sea Scrolls In 1981 Israel annexed the Golan Heights, although annexation was not recognized internationally. Israel's population diversity expanded in the 1980s and 1990s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel For this reason, the flora and fauna of Israel are extremely diverse. There are 2,867 known species of plants found in Israel. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel There are 2,867 known species of plants found in Israel. Of these, at least 253 species are introduced and non-native. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel In 1955 Israel began its foreign aid program in Burma. The program's focus subsequently shifted to Africa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Israel's foreign aid program subsequently shifted its focus to Latin America. Since the late 1970s Israel's foreign aid has gradually decreased. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Since the late 1970s Israel's foreign aid has gradually decreased. In recent years Israel has tried to reestablish its aid to Africa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel Israel ranked 5th globally for arms exports in 2017. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel The Israel Museum in Jerusalem is one of Israel's most important cultural institutions and houses the Dead Sea Scrolls, along with an extensive collection of Judaica and European art. Israel's national Holocaust museum, Yad Vashem, is the world central archive of Holocaust-related information. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Israel With over 200 museums, Israel has the highest number of museums per capita in the world, with millions of visitors annually. Jerusalem's Israel Museum has a special pavilion showcasing the Dead Sea scrolls and a large collection of Jewish religious art, Israeli art, sculptures and Old Masters paintings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of Israel Jerusalem's Israel Museum has a special pavilion showcasing the Dead Sea scrolls and a large collection of Jewish religious art, Israeli art, sculptures and Old Masters paintings. Newspapers appear in dozens of languages, and every city and town publishes a local newsletter. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of Israel
11489.	Q: What are the men in Portrait of Keeps the Mountain, a Sioux Indian, c 1898 and Frank Rinehart's White Swan, Crow wearing? Title = White Swan, Crow Description = Title = Detail, Portrait of Keeps the Mountain, a Sioux Indian, c 1898 Wellcome L0036501 (cropped) Description = A: feather headdress Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Portrait (Portrait album), Portrait (band), What Keeps You Alive, Playing for Keeps (2012 film), White Swan, Jan Asselijn, Jim Crow laws, Sioux, Arthur C. Clarke, Mountain View, California, Portrait painting, Crow (disambiguation), Portrait of a Man (Self Portrait?), This Time for Keeps, Self-portrait, Maureen O'Hara, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, American crow, Upper Sioux Indian Reservation, Frank Sinatra, Misty Copeland, Batman, Sheryl Crow, The Mountain, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Portrait of a Spy, The Crow (1994 film), Mountain Dew, For Keeps (film), The Crow, Mountains Beyond Mountains, There Is a Mountain, Crow, Portrait, Great Sioux Nation, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Lower Sioux Indian Reservation, The Body Keeps the Score, Playing for Keeps, List of highest mountains on Earth, Rosebud Indian Reservation, Crow people, Mountain, Victory March (fight song), Violet crow, Brokeback Mountain, Portrait of a Lady on Fire, Keeps Us Off the Streets, Sioux Wars, For Keeps, The Secrets She Keeps, Lakota people, Great Sioux War of 1876, Hooded crow, Touch the Clouds, Keep, Rocky Mountains, Portrait photography, Old Man of the Mountain, Martin Luther Toggle details	White Swan was also photographed by Frank Rinehart, and by William A. Petzolt, producing photos included in this article. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) White Swan In his later life, White Swan was photographed by Frank Rinehart, and by William A. Petzolt. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) White Swan White Swan has emerged in Crow history as a talented artist. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) White Swan While living at Crow Agency, White Swan was painted by the artist J.H. Sharp, who knew him and described him as "Jolly, good natured and a general favorite." White Swan was also photographed by Frank Rinehart, and by William A. Petzolt, producing photos included in this article. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) White Swan White Swan was also photographed by Frank Rinehart, and by William A. Petzolt, producing photos included in this article. White Swan's wife had died when he was only 23 before he became an army scout, and he did not remarry. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) White Swan A picture of the tepee is at the footnoted citation. In his later life, White Swan was photographed by Frank Rinehart, and by William A. Petzolt. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) White Swan At the Battle of the Little Bighorn in the Crow Indian Reservation, White Swan went with Major Reno's detachment, and fought alongside the soldiers at the south end of the village. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) White Swan At the Crow encampments on Pryor Creek, other returning scouts reported that White Swan had died, but he survived his wounds. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) White Swan The other new leaders selected included White Bull, Big Crow, White Swan and Touch the Bear. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Touch the Clouds In photographs, White Swan also had a scar on his forehead where he had been struck with a war club in a separate battle with a Sioux warrior. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan These drawings were bought by visitors to the Crow Agency and the nearby Custer Battlefield, providing White Swan with a welcome source of income. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan While living at Crow Agency, White Swan was painted by the artist J.H. Sharp, who knew him and described him as "Jolly, good natured and a general favorite." --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan In historical references White Swan is also referred as "Strikes Enemy" and "White Goose" or Mee-nah-te-hash in the Crow language. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan However the Great Sioux War of 1876 that engulfed the life of White Swan, started because the U.S. Government also had its own larger agenda. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan The next day, June 26, the Sioux continued the attack on the beleaguered Reno contingent, where White Swan lay in the section for the wounded. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan White Swan was sufficiently badly wounded that his recovery was delayed. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan J.H. Sharp, the noted western painter, came to know White Swan while he was living at Crow Agency, Montana and painting the Crow people. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan This aunt was the mother of Curley, another Crow Scout, which would make White Swan and Curley cousins, though the artist, J.H. Sharp knew White Swan as the brother of Curley. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan These facts indicate that White Swan lived in a more isolated fashion than he would have otherwise done, had he had a larger base of Crow relatives, either by blood or by clan. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan White Swan's art showing his war deeds ideally captured the essence of the Indian warrior tradition based on heroic acts. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) White Swan However, after the Dakota war of 1862 many Santee were sent to Crow Creek Indian Reservation and in 1864 some from the Crow Creek Reservation were sent to the Santee Sioux Reservation. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Sioux In 1851, the Crow, the Sioux and six other Indian Nations signed the Fort Laramie treaty along with the US. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Crow people White Swan, also Mee-nah-tsee-us (White Goose, ca. 1850–1904), Indian Scout and warrior, cousin of Curly. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Crow people White Swan (c.1850—1904), or Mee-nah-tsee-us in the Crow language, was one of six Crow Scouts for George Armstrong Custer's 7th Cavalry Regiment during the 1876 campaign against the Sioux and Northern Cheyenne. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) White Swan Of the six Crow scouts at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, White Swan stands out because he aggressively sought combat with multiple Sioux and Cheyenne warriors, and he was the only Crow Scout to be wounded in action, suffering severe wounds to his hand/wrist and leg/foot. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) White Swan This outpouring of Sioux warriors frustrated the plan of the scouts to stampede the horse herd, and the scouts, including White Swan and Half Yellow Face began to fight alongside the cavalrymen. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) White Swan White Swan continued to be limited by his battle wounds. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) White Swan In White Swan's later life, he lived at the Crow Agency, after it had been moved in 1884 to its present site in the Little Bighorn valley in Montana, close to the site of the battlefield. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan's wife had died when he was only 23 before he became an army scout, and he did not remarry. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan In the course of this move, the Crow scouts skirmished with Sioux scouts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan As the Battle of the Little Bighorn unfolded, White Swan and the chief Crow Scout Half Yellow Face, along with Arikara scouts accompanied the detachment under Major Reno. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan At one time, White Swan was faced by six warriors. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan At this point the Sioux outnumbered Custer's men by about 8 to 1. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan At the village they reported that both White Swan and Half Yellow Face had been killed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan also moved to the new agency site. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan In 1894 White Swan was crippled and unable to hear or speak. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan's only other relative was Sage Woman, a half sister on his father's side, which meant she was from another Crow tribal clan than White Swan, since clan relations are passed down through mothers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan At least fifteen drawings have been attributed to White Swan, and others remain to be discovered. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan Over the years since White Swan died, his artistic abilities have been recognized and his drawings have been collected. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan would have needed income after he had ceased to be an army scout and living at Crow Agency, just a few miles from the site of the famous battle, he found a ready market for this art. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan was treated in a temporary Army hospital at the junction of the Bighorn and Yellowstone rivers. At the Crow encampments on Pryor Creek, other returning scouts reported that White Swan had died, but he survived his wounds. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan These drawings were bought by visitors to the Crow Agency and the nearby Custer Battlefield, providing White Swan with a welcome source of income. These drawings have now been discovered by collectors and their artistic value has been recognized. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan He was deaf and dumb, reportedly from a blow to his forehead by a war club in a battle with a Sioux warrior, probably at a time different than the Little Bighorn Battle. J.H. Sharp, the noted western painter, came to know White Swan while he was living at Crow Agency, Montana and painting the Crow people. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan Sharp painted White Swan. He made this note to accompany the painting. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan This aunt was the mother of Curley, another Crow Scout, which would make White Swan and Curley cousins, though the artist, J.H. Sharp knew White Swan as the brother of Curley. In 1894 White Swan was crippled and unable to hear or speak. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan White Swan was known for his artistic abilities. While living at the Crow Agency in the Little Bighorn valley, he made drawings to illustrate key events in his life, including his role in the Battle of the Little Bighorn. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan While living at the Crow Agency in the Little Bighorn valley, he made drawings to illustrate key events in his life, including his role in the Battle of the Little Bighorn. At least fifteen drawings have been attributed to White Swan, and others remain to be discovered. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) White Swan Crow, Sheryl; White, Chuck (2011). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sheryl Crow The Crow remained bitter enemies of both the Sioux and Cheyenne. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Crow people The Crow and various bands of Sioux attacked each other again from the mid-1850s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Crow people In 1851, the Crow, the Sioux and six other Indian Nations signed the Fort Laramie treaty along with the US. It should ensure peace forever between all nine partakers. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Crow people White Man Runs Him (ca. 1858–1929); Crow Indian Scout and warrior, step-grandfather of Joe Medicine Crow --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Crow people "In 1898, Touch the Clouds traveled to Omaha, Nebraska as part of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, where he was photographed by Frank A. Rinehart. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Touch the Clouds Touch the Clouds was confirmed as a "shirt wearer" to fill the position of his late father. The other new leaders selected included White Bull, Big Crow, White Swan and Touch the Bear. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Touch the Clouds The other new leaders selected included White Bull, Big Crow, White Swan and Touch the Bear. At the ceremony, the new leaders sang the following song: "It is hard to be chief; --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Touch the Clouds Either from this blow or from other sources, White Swan could not hear and thus was unable to speak in his later life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan was born in approximately 1851 though some sources state his birth date was in 1850 or 1852. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan married, but his wife died in 1873, before his enlistment as an army scout. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan Army Service as a Crow Scout in the Great Sioux War of 1876 === --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan On the early morning of June 25, 1876, White Swan and other Crow Scouts ascended a high point on the divide between the Little Bighorn River and Rosebud Creek. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan This action by Half Yellow Face probably saved White Swan's life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan Troopers with Reno later recounted how White Swan, though wounded, wanted to continue fighting, and disabled though he was, tried to crawl back to the firing lines. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan Curly and Half Yellow Face had not gone with the other scouts to the Crow Village, and had returned with Gibbon to the mouth of the Big Horn where White Swan was in the temporary army hospital. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan had lost the lower half of his right hand, and he had a right wrist that was permanently deformed to bend sharply inward. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan The 1900 census lists White Swan as "widowed" and the only member of his household. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan's tomahawk and his drawings remain today as a legacy of his time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan died on August 12, 1904, at the age of 53 or 54. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan was buried at the Little Bighorn National Cemetery in the section set apart for veterans. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan In photographs, White Swan also had a scar on his forehead where he had been struck with a war club in a separate battle with a Sioux warrior. Either from this blow or from other sources, White Swan could not hear and thus was unable to speak in his later life. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan The six Crow scouts joined Custer on June 21. "They are magnificent-looking men, so much handsomer and more Indian-like than any we have ever seen, and so jolly and sportive ... " wrote Custer to his wife, Elizabeth B. Custer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan This outpouring of Sioux warriors frustrated the plan of the scouts to stampede the horse herd, and the scouts, including White Swan and Half Yellow Face began to fight alongside the cavalrymen. They were soon engaged in furious combat with swiftly increasing numbers of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan At the village they reported that both White Swan and Half Yellow Face had been killed. Curly and Half Yellow Face had not gone with the other scouts to the Crow Village, and had returned with Gibbon to the mouth of the Big Horn where White Swan was in the temporary army hospital. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan White Swan has emerged in Crow history as a talented artist. White Swan would have needed income after he had ceased to be an army scout and living at Crow Agency, just a few miles from the site of the famous battle, he found a ready market for this art. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) White Swan Stony the Road: Reconstruction, White Supremacy, and the Rise of Jim Crow. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jim Crow laws Some Yankton live on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation and Crow Creek Indian Reservation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sioux Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sioux Within the Sioux tribes, there were defined gender roles. The men in the village were tasked as the hunters, traveling outside the village. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sioux Mountain Dew White Out was released for sale on 4 October 2010. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mountain Dew The Crow were largely pushed westward due to intrusion and influx of the Cheyenne and subsequently the Sioux, also known as the Lakota. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people Soon, the Sioux took no notice of the 1851 borders and expanded into Crow territory west of the Powder. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people The Sioux and their Indian allies, now formally at peace with the US, focused on intertribal wars at once. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people Crow men were notable for wearing two hair pipes made from beads on both sides of their hair. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people The Legislative Branch consists of three members from each district on the Crow Indian Reservation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people The seat of government and capital of the Crow Indian Reservation is Crow Agency, Montana. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people Crow Indian Scout and warrior, step-grandfather of Joe Medicine Crow --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Crow people But I do my best to be a chief. "In 1898, Touch the Clouds traveled to Omaha, Nebraska as part of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, where he was photographed by Frank A. Rinehart. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Touch the Clouds White Swan was treated in a temporary Army hospital at the junction of the Bighorn and Yellowstone rivers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan From 1870, the Crows had complained about hostile Lakotas encroaching from the east on Crow Indian reservation lands. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Custer was ordered to locate the encampment of these "off-reservation" Sioux on the Rosebud Creek, or in the adjacent Little Bighorn Valley, around 20 miles (30 km) inside the eastern border of the Crow Indian reservation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Although White Swan was quite limited in speech, probably owing to his deafness, he could still communicate by using the sign language of the Plains Indians. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Statements from White Swan's army pension file indicate that his wife had died in 1873, before he enlisted as an Army scout, and he never remarried. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan White Swan also drew and painted on larger sheets of muslin canvas, showing multiple deeds from his life. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan White Swan's art is now drawing increasing attention from collectors, and they have been the subject of exhibits, and the subject of University thesis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Having never remarried after the death of his wife when he was 23, White Swan left no direct descendants to carry on his name or his legacy. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan When he could no longer be an Army scout, White Swan began to produce drawings that represented key events in his life, including events of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. These drawings were bought by visitors to the Crow Agency and the nearby Custer Battlefield, providing White Swan with a welcome source of income. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Reno's detachment charged the south end of the village as ordered, but as warriors poured out to defend the village Reno ordered the troops to dismount and form a skirmish line. This outpouring of Sioux warriors frustrated the plan of the scouts to stampede the horse herd, and the scouts, including White Swan and Half Yellow Face began to fight alongside the cavalrymen. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan The next day, June 26, the Sioux continued the attack on the beleaguered Reno contingent, where White Swan lay in the section for the wounded. However, Sioux scouts reported the approach from the north of the large army column under Generals Terry and Gibbon. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan White Swan continued to be limited by his battle wounds. White Swan had lost the lower half of his right hand, and he had a right wrist that was permanently deformed to bend sharply inward. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan White Swan had lost the lower half of his right hand, and he had a right wrist that was permanently deformed to bend sharply inward. (See photo above taken from the right side, showing injured wrist). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan The 1885 Census recorded him as living with a widowed aunt named "Strikes By The Side Of The Water". This aunt was the mother of Curley, another Crow Scout, which would make White Swan and Curley cousins, though the artist, J.H. Sharp knew White Swan as the brother of Curley. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan The 1900 census lists White Swan as "widowed" and the only member of his household. White Swan's only other relative was Sage Woman, a half sister on his father's side, which meant she was from another Crow tribal clan than White Swan, since clan relations are passed down through mothers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) White Swan Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jim Crow laws Today, the Santee live on reservations, reserves, and communities in Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Canada. However, after the Dakota war of 1862 many Santee were sent to Crow Creek Indian Reservation and in 1864 some from the Crow Creek Reservation were sent to the Santee Sioux Reservation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sioux The following day, White Out was announced as the winner. Mountain Dew White Out was released for sale on 4 October 2010. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mountain Dew They include the nearby Sicangu Oyate or Brulé Sioux at the Rosebud Indian Reservation, also located in South Dakota. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Iron Crow v. Oglala Sioux Tribe, 231 F.2d 89 (8th Cir. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The Oglala Sioux Tribe also operates the White River Visitor Center near the Badlands National Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Iron Crow v. Oglala Sioux Tribe, 231 F.2d 89 (8th Cir. 1956): Indian Tribal Courts have inherent jurisdiction over all matters not taken over by the Federal government. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The Rosebud Indian Reservation was established in 1889 after the United States' partition of the Great Sioux Reservation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Rosebud Indian Reservation The Ashalaho or Mountain Crow, the largest Crow group, split from the Awatixa Hidatsa and were the first to travel west. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people The next year, the Lakotas and their Cheyenne allies killed all the men in a Crow camp with thirty tipis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people The Blackfoot pursued the warriors for hours and killed allegedly more than 300.In 1868, a new Fort Laramie treaty between the Sioux and the US turned 1851 Crow Powder River area into "unceded Indian territory" of the Sioux. " --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people In the summer of 1870, some Sioux attacked a Crow reservation camp in the Bighorn/Little Bighorn area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people During the next years, this eastern part of the Crow reservation was taken over by the Sioux in search of buffalo. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people Crow chief Blackfoot objected to this incursion and called for resolute US military actions against the Indian trespassers. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people They enlisted against a traditional Indian enemy, "... who were now in the old Crow country, menacing and often raiding the Crows in their reservation camps." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people The Crow Indian Reservation's eastern border is the 107th meridian line, except along the border line of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people The Cheyenne eventually became allies of the Lakota, as they sought to expel European Americans from the area. The Crow remained bitter enemies of both the Sioux and Cheyenne. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people They accepted a smaller reservation south of the Yellowstone. The Sioux and their Indian allies, now formally at peace with the US, focused on intertribal wars at once. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Crow people The Sioux and Cheyenne were also at war with their long-time enemies, the Crow and Shoshone, which drained off many of their resources. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Sioux War of 1876 The number of Indian combatants in the war is disputed with estimates ranging from 900 up to 4,000 warriors. The seven bands of the Lakota Sioux in the 1870s numbered perhaps 15,000 men, women, and children, but most of them were living on the Great Sioux Reservation and were noncombatants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Sioux War of 1876 White Bull later recalled an occasion in 1872 when Touch the Clouds led a horse-raiding party but decided to turn back upon discovering that they were greatly outnumbered by the Crow. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Touch the Clouds "In 1898, Touch the Clouds traveled to Omaha, Nebraska as part of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, where he was photographed by Frank A. Rinehart. Touch the Clouds continued to be a vocal advocate for his people for the remainder of his life. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Touch the Clouds When he could no longer be an Army scout, White Swan began to produce drawings that represented key events in his life, including events of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan On June 21, White Swan was detached from the 7th Infantry to go with the 7th Cavalry, along with five other Crow Scouts who were Half Yellow Face (leader of the Crow Scouts), White Man Runs Him, Goes Ahead, Hairy Moccasin, and Curley. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan "They are magnificent-looking men, so much handsomer and more Indian-like than any we have ever seen, and so jolly and sportive ... " wrote Custer to his wife, Elizabeth B. Custer. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan In addition to his drawings, White Swan's craftsmanship is shown in his personal items, and particularly his tomahawk, pictured (a) in the photo above (which may be enlarged) and (b) further shown and described at this footnoted web source. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan Either from this blow or from other sources, White Swan could not hear and thus was unable to speak in his later life. Eventually, he was awarded a small army pension. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan The Crows requested that the U.S. Army take actions against these Sioux trespassers. From the point of view of the Crow Tribe, in 1876 finally something was going to be done. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan However the Great Sioux War of 1876 that engulfed the life of White Swan, started because the U.S. Government also had its own larger agenda. Gold had been found in 1873 in the Black Hills on reservation lands granted the Sioux tribe by the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan Custer tended to disregard the Crow scouts' intelligence that more and more Indians were gathering together. On the early morning of June 25, 1876, White Swan and other Crow Scouts ascended a high point on the divide between the Little Bighorn River and Rosebud Creek. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan At least fifteen drawings have been attributed to White Swan, and others remain to be discovered. Though not signed, his drawings can be identified by the many scenes they share, and by similarities in style with the few for which his authorship is definitely known. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) White Swan Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Stony the Road: Reconstruction, White Supremacy, and the Rise of Jim Crow. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jim Crow laws The Agreement of 1877 (19 Stat. 254, enacted February 28, 1877) officially annexed Sioux land and permanently established Indian reservations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Sioux War of 1876 By the time it was over, 25 troopers and more than 150 Lakota Sioux lay dead, including men, women, and children. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sioux The battle, which resulted in the defeat of US forces, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876. It took place on June 25–26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana Territory. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sioux The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation, or Pezihutazizi in Dakota, is the reservation of the Upper Sioux Community, a federally recognized tribe of the Dakota people, that includes the Mdewakanton. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Upper Sioux Indian Reservation On November 1, 2012, Crow released an original song she called "Woman in the White House" that was made available for a free download. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sheryl Crow The Crow: Pestilence (4 issues, 2014, IDW) story by Frank Bill, art by Drew Moss --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Crow It was established when the Spotted Tail Indian Agency territory extended to the banks of Rosebud Creek near its confluence with the Little White River. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosebud Indian Reservation Major employers: Rosebud Sioux Tribe, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Todd County School District --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosebud Indian Reservation Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the federally recognized Rosebud Sioux Tribe (RST) re-established self-government. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rosebud Indian Reservation Today, the Crow people have a federally recognized tribe, the Crow Tribe of Montana, with an Indian reservation located in the south-central part of the state. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people Ashalaho ('Many Lodges', today called Mountain Crow), Awaxaawaxammilaxpáake ('Mountain People'), or Ashkúale ('The Center Camp'). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people Eelalapito (Kicked in the Bellies) or Ammitaalasshé (Home Away From The Center, that is, away from the Ashkúale – "Mountain Crow"). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people Janine Pease, an American Indian educator and advocate and the first woman of Crow lineage to earn a doctorate degree --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people The Ashalaho or Mountain Crow, the largest Crow group, split from the Awatixa Hidatsa and were the first to travel west. (McCleary 1997: 2–3). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people The Crow and various bands of Sioux attacked each other again from the mid-1850s. Soon, the Sioux took no notice of the 1851 borders and expanded into Crow territory west of the Powder. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people The Blackfoot pursued the warriors for hours and killed allegedly more than 300.In 1868, a new Fort Laramie treaty between the Sioux and the US turned 1851 Crow Powder River area into "unceded Indian territory" of the Sioux. " The Government had in effect betrayed the Crows…". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people In August 1873, visiting Nez Percés and a Crow reservation camp at Pryor Creek further west faced a force of Sioux warriors in a long confrontation. Crow chief Blackfoot objected to this incursion and called for resolute US military actions against the Indian trespassers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people The Crow are famous for often wearing their hair in a pompadour which was often colored white with paint. Crow men were notable for wearing two hair pipes made from beads on both sides of their hair. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people Vice-Secretary: Channis Whiteman. The Legislative Branch consists of three members from each district on the Crow Indian Reservation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Crow people The Sioux have refused the money, because accepting the settlement would legally terminate their demands for return of the Black Hills. The money remains in a Bureau of Indian Affairs account, accruing compound interest. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lakota people Indian warriors had traditionally fought for individual prestige, rather than strategic objectives, although Crazy Horse seems to have instilled in the Sioux some sense of collective endeavor. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Sioux War of 1876 The Agreement of 1877 (19 Stat. 254, enacted February 28, 1877) officially took away Sioux land and permanently established Indian reservations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Sioux War of 1876 The seven bands of the Lakota Sioux in the 1870s numbered perhaps 15,000 men, women, and children, but most of them were living on the Great Sioux Reservation and were noncombatants. An Indian agent in November 1875 said the Indians living in the unceded areas numbered "a few hundred warriors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Sioux War of 1876 Mountain men, primarily French, Spanish, and British, roamed the Rocky Mountains from 1720 to 1800 seeking mineral deposits and furs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Rocky Mountains The Crow Scouts ranged across (south) south of the Yellowstone, and located the main Sioux village in the process of moving from Tongue River valley to the Rosebud valley in May 1876. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan Back in the timber, Half Yellow Face got the wounded White Swan on a horse and shielded by the timber, waited until the mass of Sioux warriors had turned their attention to Custer's column, now approaching the north end of the village, after which Yellow Face led the horse across the river and up the bluffs to the location where the Reno detachment was digging in, and where they were later reinforced by the other detachments under Captain Benteen and Lieutenant McDougall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan White Swan was carried on the Far West about 40 to 50 river miles down the Bighorn to the Yellowstone, where he was left in a temporary hospital facility with some of the less seriously wounded soldiers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan On July 4, Col. Gibbon gave Curly and Half Yellow Face leave, but kept White Swan in the hospital so that he could continue to get medical treatment and recover. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan Records show that White Swan was discharged from Army scout duty in September 1876, but reenlisted in the Army for scouting activities in November 1877, through it is unlikely his wounds were healed by this time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan Although disabled, White Swan managed to remain an Army scout for much of the remaining five years (1876-1881) following the Battle of the Little Bighorn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan In addition to his separate drawings, sources indicate that White Swan, though disabled, created drawings and paintings on pages from accounting ledgers to depict his role in the famous battle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan These visitors included military men, government employees and other persons interested in the history of the famous battle, or simply interested in the Crow culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan In furtherance of this mission, on April 9, 1876, Col. John Gibbon went with Lt. James Bradley to the Crow Indian Agency, which was then located on the Stillwater River Drainage in Montana, to recruit Indian scouts. In an embarrassing two-hour council the chiefs of the Mountain Crows expressed their reluctance to help the expedition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan They pointed out that Indian warriors traveled light and fast and struck quickly, whereas the soldiers marched slowly with wagons and thus never found the enemy. Fortunately for Gibbon, the young Crow braves did not follow the elders' advice, and sought adventure. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan At this point the Sioux outnumbered Custer's men by about 8 to 1. Custer's detachment was first driven back to a low ridge east of the valley, and then overwhelmed and killed to the last man. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan Almost immediately after the battle, the three scouts White Man Runs Him, Goes Ahead and Hairy Moccasin left for the main Crow encampment which was "two sleeps" away on the mouth of Pryor Creek, and Gibbon's other Crow scouts went with them. At the village they reported that both White Swan and Half Yellow Face had been killed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan White Swan's tomahawk and his drawings remain today as a legacy of his time. White Swan's art is now drawing increasing attention from collectors, and they have been the subject of exhibits, and the subject of University thesis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan White Swan died on August 12, 1904, at the age of 53 or 54. Having never remarried after the death of his wife when he was 23, White Swan left no direct descendants to carry on his name or his legacy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) White Swan African-American athletes faced much discrimination during the Jim Crow period. White opposition led to their exclusion from most organized sporting competitions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jim Crow laws Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jim Crow laws On August 18, 1862, Little Crow of the Mdewakanton band led a group that attacked the Lower Sioux (or Redwood) Agency and trading post located there. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sioux Those who fled to Canada throughout the 1870s now have descendants residing on nine small Dakota Reserves, five of which are located in Manitoba (Sioux Valley, Dakota Plain, Dakota Tipi, Birdtail Creek, and Canupawakpa Dakota) and the remaining four (Standing Buffalo, White Cap, Round Plain [Wahpeton], and Wood Mountain) in Saskatchewan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sioux It took place on June 25–26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana Territory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sioux Today, most of the Yanktons live on the Yankton Indian Reservation in southeastern South Dakota. Some Yankton live on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation and Crow Creek Indian Reservation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sioux Portrait paintings of "men of culture" (wen ren hua) at that period reflects this dilemma. For instance, the Portrait of Yang Qian depicted him standing in a bamboo forest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Portrait painting Originally, members of The Mountain were the men who sat in the highest rows of the Jacobin Clubs, loosely organized political debate clubs open to the public. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Mountain Few desired to take on the name of Montagnards afterwards, leaving around only about 100 men. Finally, at the end of 1794 the Mountain largely devolved into a group called The Crest (French: crête), which lacked any real power. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Mountain The puppy monkey baby dances with three men who are presumably watching the Super Bowl, offering them Mountain Dew Kickstart, which is similarly described as being a combination of three things (Mountain Dew, juice, and caffeine). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mountain Dew In traditional Sioux society, law enforcement was performed by members of the warrior societies, such as the Kit Foxes, Badgers and Crow Owners, known as the akicitas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation He was buried at West Brompton's cemetery with a 17-month-old Sioux girl, White Star Ghost Dog, believed to have died after falling from her mother's arms while on horseback. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation 888, breaking up the Great Sioux Reservation and setting boundaries for the six reduced reservations. In this act, the White Clay Extension was incorporated again within the boundaries of the Pine Ridge Agency. " --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation This custom prevailed for a short time after the Sioux were forced onto the reservations. In 1878 Congress authorized the formation of an Indian police force to provide law enforcement in Indian territory and upon reservations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation In 1898, he became a member of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. He attended the American Indian Congress in Omaha, Nebraska, where all his known photographs were taken. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The RIR is bounded on the south by Cherry County, Nebraska, on the west by the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, on the north by the White River, and originally, on the east by the Missouri River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Rosebud Indian Reservation Of the 14,000 enrolled tribal members, an estimated 3,000 spoke the Crow language in 2007.During the expansion into the West, the Crow Nation was allied with the United States against its neighbors and rivals, the Sioux and Cheyenne. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people The powerful Iron Confederacy (Nehiyaw-Pwat), an alliance of northern plains Indian nations based around the fur trade, developed as enemies of the Crow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people After about 1860, the Lakota Sioux claimed all the former Crow lands from the Black Hills of South Dakota to the Big Horn Mountains of Montana. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people On 25 June 1876, the Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne achieved a major victory over army forces under Colonel George A. Custer at the Battle of the Little Big Horn in the Crow Indian Reservation, but the Great Sioux War (1876–1877) ended in the defeat of the Sioux and their Cheyenne allies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people On 21 December 1866, the Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho defeated Captain William J. Fetterman and his men from Fort Phil Kearny. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people Critics contend the new constitution is contrary to the spirit of the Crow Tribe, as it provides authority for the US Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) to approve Crow legislation and decisions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people Later the people moved to the Devil's Lake region of North Dakota before the Crow split from the Hidatsa and moved westward. The Crow were largely pushed westward due to intrusion and influx of the Cheyenne and subsequently the Sioux, also known as the Lakota. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people River Crow chief Arapooish had left the treaty area in disgust. By help of the thunderbird he had to send a farewell shower down on the whites and the Mountain Crows. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people A weak point in the treaty was the absence of rules to uphold the tribal borders. The Crow and various bands of Sioux attacked each other again from the mid-1850s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people Sioux chief Sitting Bull took part in this battle. In the summer of 1870, some Sioux attacked a Crow reservation camp in the Bighorn/Little Bighorn area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people In the summer of 1870, some Sioux attacked a Crow reservation camp in the Bighorn/Little Bighorn area. The Crows reported Sioux Indians in the same area again in 1871. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people The Crows reported Sioux Indians in the same area again in 1871. During the next years, this eastern part of the Crow reservation was taken over by the Sioux in search of buffalo. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people Crow men were notable for wearing two hair pipes made from beads on both sides of their hair. Men often wore their hair in two braids wrapped in the fur of beavers or otters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Crow people Corporal William Wilson volunteered to take a message to the agency at Pine Ridge to get help after the Indian scouts refused to go. Wilson took off through the wagon circle with Sioux in pursuit and his troops covering him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sioux Wars A week later they defeated the U.S. 7th Cavalry in 1876 at the Battle of the Greasy Grass at the Crow Indian Reservation (1868 boundaries). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lakota people The seven bands of the Lakota Sioux in the 1870s numbered perhaps 15,000 men, women, and children, but most of them were living on the Great Sioux Reservation and were noncombatants. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Sioux War of 1876 "Concerned about launching a war against the Lakota without provocation, the government instructed Indian agents in the region to notify all Lakota and Sioux to return to the reservation by January 31, 1876, or face potential military action. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Sioux War of 1876 Ammunition was in short supply. Indian warriors had traditionally fought for individual prestige, rather than strategic objectives, although Crazy Horse seems to have instilled in the Sioux some sense of collective endeavor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Great Sioux War of 1876 In this role, he often led war parties against enemy tribes. White Bull later recalled an occasion in 1872 when Touch the Clouds led a horse-raiding party but decided to turn back upon discovering that they were greatly outnumbered by the Crow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Touch the Clouds By the time Reno had ordered the retreat across the river, White Swan had suffered severe bullet wounds in the right hand or wrist and in the foot, knee or leg (reports differ), and also could not hear, either from being hit on the head with a war club or because a rifle was fired close to his ear (reports differ).The soldiers' retreat from the timber disintegrated into a rout, and the Sioux closed in on the now disorganized mass of retreating troopers, killing the stragglers and the disabled. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan After Reno's men fled across the river, the now thoroughly aroused and mobilized Sioux and Cheyenne drew back, and then launched a fresh attack to the north on Custer's separate detachment of five companies (about 210 men) who were now firing into the north end of the village. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan In White Swan's later recollection of the Battle of the Little Big Horn, before the battle started he watched the Lakota camp through a handheld telescope with his warhorse standing close by - this recollection would later become a favorite scene of the artist White Swan to illustrate his role in the battle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Though White Swan could not serve as a guide or interpreter for visitors of the battle field as the other scouts did, owing to his speech impediment, his art allowed him to provide something unique to visitors who wanted to return home with an illustration that genuinely represented their encounter with Indians of the West. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Adornments to White Swan's tomahawk (see item pictured in footnoted source, or in the photo above), probably indicated brave war deeds, and/or instructions of critical spiritual import, received through visions or through the intervention of a spiritual leader/mentor (a "medicine man").When living at Crow Agency on the Little Bighorn river, White Swan had a tepee which had drawings around the lower portion that depicted the Custer battle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Some of White Swan's works were collected as part of the Paul Dyck collection of Plains Indians art and artifacts, and are now part of the collection at the Buffalo Bill Historical Center in Cody, Wyoming. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan The White Swan Memorial Library at the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument also houses the office of the park historian, and is located in the historic stone house (the original superintendent's headquarters). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan White Swan was born in approximately 1851 though some sources state his birth date was in 1850 or 1852. He had been raised in the traditional manner of his tribe, and would have acquired warrior status in his early teens through deeds of bravery. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan He had been raised in the traditional manner of his tribe, and would have acquired warrior status in his early teens through deeds of bravery. White Swan married, but his wife died in 1873, before his enlistment as an army scout. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan In an embarrassing two-hour council the chiefs of the Mountain Crows expressed their reluctance to help the expedition. They pointed out that Indian warriors traveled light and fast and struck quickly, whereas the soldiers marched slowly with wagons and thus never found the enemy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Although it was not appreciated at the time, these late arriving bands of Sioux/Cheyenne swelled the encampment from 400 to about 960 lodges, able to field close to 2000 warriors. Custer's prior experience in pursuing other Indian bands indicated that an Indian group would scatter if they knew they were being pursued. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan From this lookout point (which later became known as the "Crow's Nest") the scouts saw very large horse herds on the western margins of the Little Bighorn Valley, some 15 air miles away. These large horse herds indicated an unexpectedly large Sioux/Cheyenne encampment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan On July 4, Col. Gibbon gave Curly and Half Yellow Face leave, but kept White Swan in the hospital so that he could continue to get medical treatment and recover. White Swan was sufficiently badly wounded that his recovery was delayed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Records show that White Swan was discharged from Army scout duty in September 1876, but reenlisted in the Army for scouting activities in November 1877, through it is unlikely his wounds were healed by this time. He continued a recovery from his wounds, but suffered disabilities from them for the rest of his life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Although White Swan was quite limited in speech, probably owing to his deafness, he could still communicate by using the sign language of the Plains Indians. Statements from White Swan's army pension file indicate that his wife had died in 1873, before he enlisted as an Army scout, and he never remarried. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Statements from White Swan's army pension file indicate that his wife had died in 1873, before he enlisted as an Army scout, and he never remarried. The 1885 Census recorded him as living with a widowed aunt named "Strikes By The Side Of The Water". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan Though not signed, his drawings can be identified by the many scenes they share, and by similarities in style with the few for which his authorship is definitely known. In addition to his separate drawings, sources indicate that White Swan, though disabled, created drawings and paintings on pages from accounting ledgers to depict his role in the famous battle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) White Swan "Churches once abandoned by Jim Crow are being rediscovered". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jim Crow laws White Democrats had regained political power in every Southern state. These Southern, white, Democratic Redeemer governments legislated Jim Crow laws, officially segregating black people from the white population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jim Crow laws Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1996. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jim Crow laws Presumably, this refers to the style of cooking the Sioux used in the past. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux The men in the village were tasked as the hunters, traveling outside the village. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux For example, in 1736 a group of Sioux killed Jean Baptiste de La Vérendrye and twenty other men on an island in Lake of the Woods for such reasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux It established the Great Sioux Reservation including ownership of the Black Hills, and set aside additional lands as "unceded Indian territory" in areas of South Dakota, Wyoming, and Nebraska, and possibly Montana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux Fort Peck Reservation is home to two separate Indian nations, each composed of numerous bands and divisions. The Sioux divisions of Sisseton/Wahpetons, the Yanktonais, and the Teton Hunkpapa are all represented. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fort Peck Indian Reservation The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation is located in Minnesota Falls Township along the Minnesota River in eastern Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota, five miles (8.0 km) south of Granite Falls. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Upper Sioux Indian Reservation Crow described it as "too produced" and "slick". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sheryl Crow On November 1, 2012, Crow released an original song she called "Woman in the White House" that was made available for a free download. As the title suggests, the country-flavored tune defends the idea of a woman president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sheryl Crow Crow, Sheryl; White, Chuck (2011). If It Makes You Healthy: More than 100 delicious recipes inspired by the seasons (1st ed.). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sheryl Crow It is difficult to pinpoint the conception of the Montagnard group because the lines which defined it were themselves quite nebulous early on. Originally, members of The Mountain were the men who sat in the highest rows of the Jacobin Clubs, loosely organized political debate clubs open to the public. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Mountain The Montagnards that survived were arrested, executed or deported. By 1795 the Mountain had effectively been obliterated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Mountain Mountain Dew White Out was released for sale on 4 October 2010. A limited production White Out Slurpee (Mtn Dew White Out Freeze) was made available at 7-Eleven stores beginning in January 2011. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mountain Dew Sisseton (Sisíthuŋwaŋ, Waȟpéthuŋwaŋ)The term "Great Sioux Nation" is also sometimes applied to the region (and hypothetical state) of the western and midwestern United States which, while not a legal designation, includes the following recognized Indian reservations: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Sioux Nation In the end, U.S. forces killed at least 150 men, women, and children of the Lakota Sioux and wounded 51 (four men, and 47 women and children, some of whom died later); some estimates placed the number of dead at 300. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation AIM leaders at the site were Russell Means, Dennis Banks and Carter Camp; traditional spiritual leaders of the Lakota, such as Frank Fools Crow, were also prominent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The reservation is governed by the eighteen-member Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, who are elected officials rather than traditional clan life leaders, in accordance with the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Theresa Two Bulls, first American Indian woman elected to the South Dakota legislature; served as state senator (2004–2008) and president of Oglala Sioux Tribe (2008–2010) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The Oglala Sioux Tribe also operates the White River Visitor Center near the Badlands National Park. It has one radio station, KILI-FM in Porcupine. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The Oyate capital is the unincorporated town of Rosebud. It was established when the Spotted Tail Indian Agency territory extended to the banks of Rosebud Creek near its confluence with the Little White River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosebud Indian Reservation Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the federally recognized Rosebud Sioux Tribe (RST) re-established self-government. It adopted a constitution and bylaws, to take back many responsibilities for internal management from the BIA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Rosebud Indian Reservation The Crow managed to retain a large reservation of more than 9300 km2 despite territorial losses, due in part to their cooperation with the federal government against their traditional enemies, the Sioux and Blackfoot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people Mountain Crow chief Long Hair (Red Plume at Forehead) and fifteen other Crows signed the first treaty of friendship and trade between the Crows and the United States on 4 August. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people On 7 May, the same year, the Crow ceded vast ranges to the US due to pressure from white settlements north of Upper Yellowstone River and loss of eastern territories to the Sioux. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people In August 1873, visiting Nez Percés and a Crow reservation camp at Pryor Creek further west faced a force of Sioux warriors in a long confrontation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crow are historically known to construct some of the largest tipis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crow Indian Reservation in south-central Montana is a large reservation covering approximately 2,300,000 acres (9,300 km2) of land area, the fifth-largest Indian reservation in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The general council held the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of the government and included all enrolled, adult members of the Crow Tribe, provided that women were 18 years or older and men were 21 or older. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crow Indian Reservation is divided into six districts known as The Valley of the Chiefs, Reno, Black Lodge, Mighty Few, Big Horn, and Pryor Districts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people 1830 – ca. 1879), Crow Indian Scout and warrior, war leader (pipe carrier) and leader of the six Crow Scouts who assisted General George A. Custer --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crow, whose autonym is Apsáalooke ([ə̀ˈpsáːɾòːɡè]), also spelled Absaroka, are Native Americans living primarily in southern Montana. Today, the Crow people have a federally recognized tribe, the Crow Tribe of Montana, with an Indian reservation located in the south-central part of the state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crow remained bitter enemies of both the Sioux and Cheyenne. The Crow managed to retain a large reservation of more than 9300 km2 despite territorial losses, due in part to their cooperation with the federal government against their traditional enemies, the Sioux and Blackfoot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people Ashalaho ('Many Lodges', today called Mountain Crow), Awaxaawaxammilaxpáake ('Mountain People'), or Ashkúale ('The Center Camp'). The Ashalaho or Mountain Crow, the largest Crow group, split from the Awatixa Hidatsa and were the first to travel west. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people After about 1860, the Lakota Sioux claimed all the former Crow lands from the Black Hills of South Dakota to the Big Horn Mountains of Montana. They demanded that the Americans deal with them regarding any intrusion into these areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people On 25 June 1876, the Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne achieved a major victory over army forces under Colonel George A. Custer at the Battle of the Little Big Horn in the Crow Indian Reservation, but the Great Sioux War (1876–1877) ended in the defeat of the Sioux and their Cheyenne allies. Crow warriors enlisted with the US Army for this war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Crows killed a minimum of thirty Lakotas in 1800–1801 according to two Lakota winter counts. The next year, the Lakotas and their Cheyenne allies killed all the men in a Crow camp with thirty tipis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The next year, the Lakotas and their Cheyenne allies killed all the men in a Crow camp with thirty tipis. In the summer of 1805, a Crow camp traded at the Hidatsa villages on Knife River in present North Dakota. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people Soon, the Sioux took no notice of the 1851 borders and expanded into Crow territory west of the Powder. The Crows engaged in "… large-scale battles with invading Sioux …" near present-day Wyola, Montana. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people When the Army built forts to protect the trail, the Crows cooperated with the garrisons. On 21 December 1866, the Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho defeated Captain William J. Fetterman and his men from Fort Phil Kearny. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Sioux and their Indian allies, now formally at peace with the US, focused on intertribal wars at once. Raids against the Crows were "frequent, both by the Northern Cheyennes and by the Arapahos, as well as the Sioux, and by parties made up from all three tribes". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people On 10 April 1876, 23 Crows enlisted as Army scouts. They enlisted against a traditional Indian enemy, "... who were now in the old Crow country, menacing and often raiding the Crows in their reservation camps." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people They enlisted against a traditional Indian enemy, "... who were now in the old Crow country, menacing and often raiding the Crows in their reservation camps." Charles Varnum, leader of Custer's scouts, understood how valuable the enrolment of scouts from the local Indian tribe was. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The Battle of the Little Bighorn stood on the Crow reservation. As most battles between the US and the Sioux in the 1860s and 1870s, "It was a clash of two expanding empires, with the most dramatic battles occurring on lands only recently taken by the Sioux from other tribes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people Stuffed birds were often worn in the hair of warriors and medicine men. Like other plains Indians the Crow wore feathers from eagles, crows, owls, and other birds in their hair for symbolic reasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people The reservation is primarily in Big Horn and Yellowstone counties with ceded lands in Rosebud, Carbon, and Treasure counties. The Crow Indian Reservation's eastern border is the 107th meridian line, except along the border line of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people Critics contend the new constitution is contrary to the spirit of the Crow Tribe, as it provides authority for the US Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) to approve Crow legislation and decisions. The Crow people have guarded their sovereignty and Treaty Rights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Crow people I've never really been attracted to men sexually, but I don't think I would be afraid of it if it happened." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Brokeback Mountain General Alfred Sully led a force from near Fort Pierre, South Dakota, and decisively defeated the Sioux at the Battle of Killdeer Mountain on July 28, 1864, and at the Battle of the Badlands on August 9, 1864. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux Wars The battalion of 9th Cavalry was scouting near the White River (Missouri River tributary) about 50 miles north of Indian agency at Pine Ridge when the Wounded Knee Massacre occurred, and rode south all night to reach the reservation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sioux Wars Prairie Island Indian Reservation in MinnesotaIn addition, several Lakota live on the Wood Mountain First Nation reserve, near Wood Mountain Regional Park in Saskatchewan, Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lakota people A week later they defeated the U.S. 7th Cavalry in 1876 at the Battle of the Greasy Grass at the Crow Indian Reservation (1868 boundaries). Custer attacked a camp of several tribes, much larger than he realized. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lakota people The U.S. Congress authorized funds to expand the army by 2,500 men. The reinforced US Army defeated the Lakota bands in a series of battles, finally ending the Great Sioux War in 1877. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lakota people They hoped to be allowed to remain with the Sioux in the north. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Sioux War of 1876 The Sioux and Cheyenne were also at war with their long-time enemies, the Crow and Shoshone, which drained off many of their resources. To combat the Sioux the U.S. army had a string of forts ringing the Great Sioux Reservation and unceded territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Sioux War of 1876 The army persuaded him to enlist in the Indian Scouts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Touch the Clouds In addition to his separate drawings, sources indicate that White Swan, though disabled, created drawings and paintings on pages from accounting ledgers to depict his role in the famous battle. White Swan also drew and painted on larger sheets of muslin canvas, showing multiple deeds from his life. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) White Swan White, Derrick E. " From desegregation to integration: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jim Crow laws These intertribal conflicts also made it dangerous for European fur traders: whichever side they traded with, they were viewed as enemies from the other. For example, in 1736 a group of Sioux killed Jean Baptiste de La Vérendrye and twenty other men on an island in Lake of the Woods for such reasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux For example, in 1736 a group of Sioux killed Jean Baptiste de La Vérendrye and twenty other men on an island in Lake of the Woods for such reasons. However, trade with the French continued until the French gave up North America in 1763. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux Living in what is now southeastern South Dakota, the leaders of the Western Dakota signed the Treaty of April 19, 1858, which created the Yankton Sioux Reservation. Pressured by the ongoing arrival of Europeans, Yankton chief Struck by the Ree told his people, "The white men are coming in like maggots. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux They inspired further attacks on white settlements along the Minnesota River. On August 18, 1862, Little Crow of the Mdewakanton band led a group that attacked the Lower Sioux (or Redwood) Agency and trading post located there. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux On August 18, 1862, Little Crow of the Mdewakanton band led a group that attacked the Lower Sioux (or Redwood) Agency and trading post located there. Later, settlers found Myrick among the dead with his mouth stuffed full of grass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 was signed on September 17, 1851, between United States treaty commissioners and representatives of the Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapaho, Crow, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nations. The treaty was an agreement between nine more or less independent parties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux Gold had been discovered in the Black Hills and settlers began to encroach onto tribal lands, and the Sioux and Cheyenne refused to cede ownership to the United States. The earliest engagement was the Battle of Powder River, and the final battle was the Wolf Mountain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux The Great Sioux War took place under the presidencies of Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. The Agreement of 1877 (19 Stat. 254, enacted February 28, 1877) officially annexed Sioux land and permanently established Indian reservations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation, or Pezihutazizi in Dakota, is the reservation of the Upper Sioux Community, a federally recognized tribe of the Dakota people, that includes the Mdewakanton. The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation is located in Minnesota Falls Township along the Minnesota River in eastern Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota, five miles (8.0 km) south of Granite Falls. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Upper Sioux Indian Reservation The song, titled "This Day", was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Original Song. On November 1, 2012, Crow released an original song she called "Woman in the White House" that was made available for a free download. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sheryl Crow Originally, members of The Mountain were the men who sat in the highest rows of the Jacobin Clubs, loosely organized political debate clubs open to the public. Though members of the Montagnards were known for their commitment to radical political resolutions prior to 1793, the contours of political groups presented an ever-evolving reality that shifted in response to events. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Mountain A limited production White Out Slurpee (Mtn Dew White Out Freeze) was made available at 7-Eleven stores beginning in January 2011. In July 2011, Mountain Dew Typhoon was re-released briefly in 2-liter form. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mountain Dew Mountain Dew Red shuts them off. In the musical, it is said that this is the reason for Mountain Dew Red being discontinued. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mountain Dew Historically, the Great Sioux Nation and the United States have had a turbulent relationship. The last of the great American Indian battles – the Battle of Little Bighorn and the Wounded Knee Massacre – were fought between these two peoples. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Sioux Nation The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (Lakota: Wazí Aháŋhaŋ Oyáŋke), also called Pine Ridge Agency, is an Oglala Lakota Indian reservation located virtually entirely in the U.S. state of South Dakota. Originally included within the territory of the Great Sioux Reservation, Pine Ridge was created by the Act of March 2, 1889, 25 Stat. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation AIM leaders at the site were Russell Means, Dennis Banks and Carter Camp; traditional spiritual leaders of the Lakota, such as Frank Fools Crow, were also prominent. Fools Crow led Oglala Lakota spiritual ceremonies and practice in their ways for participants. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation A 2007 survey found that 63% of federally recognized tribes in the lower 48 states have legalized liquor sales on their reservations. They include the nearby Sicangu Oyate or Brulé Sioux at the Rosebud Indian Reservation, also located in South Dakota. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The reservation is governed by the eighteen-member Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, who are elected officials rather than traditional clan life leaders, in accordance with the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. The Executive Officers of the council are the President (also called Chairman), Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation In traditional Sioux society, law enforcement was performed by members of the warrior societies, such as the Kit Foxes, Badgers and Crow Owners, known as the akicitas. They maintained order in camp and during communal buffalo hunts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Enterprises owned by the Oglala Sioux tribe include the Prairie Wind Casino, a Parks and Recreation Department, guided hunting, and cattle ranching and farming. The Oglala Sioux Tribe also operates the White River Visitor Center near the Badlands National Park. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation He was buried at West Brompton's cemetery with a 17-month-old Sioux girl, White Star Ghost Dog, believed to have died after falling from her mother's arms while on horseback. 105 years later, Elizabeth Knight, a British woman, traced his family and campaigned with them to have his remains returned to his homeland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Pine Ridge Indian Reservation The Lower Sioux Indian Reservation, (Dakota: Cansa'yapi; Lakota: Čhaŋšáyapi) also known as the Mdewakanton Tribal Reservation, is an Indian reservation located along the southern bank of the Minnesota River in Paxton and Sherman townships in Redwood County, Minnesota. Its administrative headquarters is two miles south of Morton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lower Sioux Indian Reservation It was established when the Spotted Tail Indian Agency territory extended to the banks of Rosebud Creek near its confluence with the Little White River. (The agency was named after the 19th-century war chief, also known as Sinte Gleska.) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rosebud Indian Reservation Today, the Crow people have a federally recognized tribe, the Crow Tribe of Montana, with an Indian reservation located in the south-central part of the state. Crow Indians are a Plains tribe, who speak the Crow language, part of the Missouri River Valley branch of Siouan languages. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people Crow Indians are a Plains tribe, who speak the Crow language, part of the Missouri River Valley branch of Siouan languages. Of the 14,000 enrolled tribal members, an estimated 3,000 spoke the Crow language in 2007.During the expansion into the West, the Crow Nation was allied with the United States against its neighbors and rivals, the Sioux and Cheyenne. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Crow managed to retain a large reservation of more than 9300 km2 despite territorial losses, due in part to their cooperation with the federal government against their traditional enemies, the Sioux and Blackfoot. Many other tribes were forced onto much smaller reservations far from their traditional lands. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Crow were generally friendly with the northern Plains tribes of the Flathead (although sometimes they had conflicts); Nez Perce, Kutenai, Shoshone, Kiowa and Plains Apache. The powerful Iron Confederacy (Nehiyaw-Pwat), an alliance of northern plains Indian nations based around the fur trade, developed as enemies of the Crow. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The powerful Iron Confederacy (Nehiyaw-Pwat), an alliance of northern plains Indian nations based around the fur trade, developed as enemies of the Crow. It was named after the dominating Plains Cree and Assiniboine peoples, and later included the Stoney, Saulteaux, Ojibwe, and Métis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people Eelalapito (Kicked in the Bellies) or Ammitaalasshé (Home Away From The Center, that is, away from the Ashkúale – "Mountain Crow"). They claimed the area known as the Bighorn Basin, from the Bighorn Mountains in the east to the Absaroka Range to the west, and south to the Wind River Range in northern Wyoming. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people Crow warriors enlisted with the US Army for this war. The Sioux and allies were forced from eastern Montana and Wyoming: some bands fled to Canada, while others suffered forced removal to distant reservations, primarily in present-day Montana and Nebraska west of the Missouri River. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The representatives of the US government waited for them. Mountain Crow chief Long Hair (Red Plume at Forehead) and fifteen other Crows signed the first treaty of friendship and trade between the Crows and the United States on 4 August. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people Mountain Crow chief Long Hair (Red Plume at Forehead) and fifteen other Crows signed the first treaty of friendship and trade between the Crows and the United States on 4 August. With the signing of the document, the Crows also recognized the supremacy of the United States, if they actually understood the word. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people By help of the thunderbird he had to send a farewell shower down on the whites and the Mountain Crows. In 1829, seven Crow warriors were neutralized by Blood Blackfoot Indians led by Spotted Bear, who captured a pipe-hatchet during the fight just west of Chinook, Montana. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people On 21 December 1866, the Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho defeated Captain William J. Fetterman and his men from Fort Phil Kearny. Evidently, the US could not enforce respect for the treaty borders agreed upon 15 years before. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Government had in effect betrayed the Crows…". On 7 May, the same year, the Crow ceded vast ranges to the US due to pressure from white settlements north of Upper Yellowstone River and loss of eastern territories to the Sioux. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people On 7 May, the same year, the Crow ceded vast ranges to the US due to pressure from white settlements north of Upper Yellowstone River and loss of eastern territories to the Sioux. They accepted a smaller reservation south of the Yellowstone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The many lines indicates flying bullets. The Sioux lost 14 warriors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people During the next years, this eastern part of the Crow reservation was taken over by the Sioux in search of buffalo. In August 1873, visiting Nez Percés and a Crow reservation camp at Pryor Creek further west faced a force of Sioux warriors in a long confrontation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people In the spring of 1878, 700 Crow tipis were pitched at the confluence of Bighorn River and Yellowstone River. Together with Colonel Nelson A. Miles, an Army leader in the Great Sioux War, the big camp celebrated the victory over the Sioux. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Crow Indian Reservation in south-central Montana is a large reservation covering approximately 2,300,000 acres (9,300 km2) of land area, the fifth-largest Indian reservation in the United States. The reservation is primarily in Big Horn and Yellowstone counties with ceded lands in Rosebud, Carbon, and Treasure counties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The former constitution organized the tribe as a general council (tribal council). The general council held the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of the government and included all enrolled, adult members of the Crow Tribe, provided that women were 18 years or older and men were 21 or older. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The general council held the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of the government and included all enrolled, adult members of the Crow Tribe, provided that women were 18 years or older and men were 21 or older. The general council was a direct democracy, comparable to that the Haudenosaunee Confederacy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Legislative Branch consists of three members from each district on the Crow Indian Reservation. The Crow Indian Reservation is divided into six districts known as The Valley of the Chiefs, Reno, Black Lodge, Mighty Few, Big Horn, and Pryor Districts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Crow Indian Reservation is divided into six districts known as The Valley of the Chiefs, Reno, Black Lodge, Mighty Few, Big Horn, and Pryor Districts. The Valley of the Chiefs District is the largest district by population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people Half Yellow Face or Ischu Shi Dish (ca. 1830 – ca. 1879), Crow Indian Scout and warrior, war leader (pipe carrier) and leader of the six Crow Scouts who assisted General George A. Custer --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Crow people The Sioux retreated further but faced a United States army again in 1864. General Alfred Sully led a force from near Fort Pierre, South Dakota, and decisively defeated the Sioux at the Battle of Killdeer Mountain on July 28, 1864, and at the Battle of the Badlands on August 9, 1864. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sioux Wars They fought a successful delaying action against General George Crook's army at the Battle of the Rosebud, preventing Crook from locating and attacking their camp. A week later they defeated the U.S. 7th Cavalry in 1876 at the Battle of the Greasy Grass at the Crow Indian Reservation (1868 boundaries). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lakota people Despite the Indian victory, the Americans leveraged national resources to force the Indians to surrender, primarily by attacking and destroying their encampments and property. The Great Sioux War took place under US Presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Sioux War of 1876 The Great Sioux War took place under US Presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. The Agreement of 1877 (19 Stat. 254, enacted February 28, 1877) officially annexed Sioux land and permanently established Indian reservations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Sioux War of 1876 I was not born there ... If it is such a good country, you ought to send the white men now in our country there and let us alone." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Sioux War of 1876 Most of the Sioux who remained in the unceded territory where the war would take place were Oglala and Hunkpapa, numbering about 5,500 in total. Added to this were about 1,500 Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho for a total hostile Indian population of about 7,000, which might include as many as 2,000 warriors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Sioux War of 1876 He assumed the leadership of the band in 1875 after the death of his father and retained leadership during the initial period of the Great Sioux War of 1876-77. After the Battle of the Little Bighorn, he took the band north, eventually surrendering at the Spotted Tail Agency, where he enlisted in the Indian Scouts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Touch the Clouds White Bull later recalled an occasion in 1872 when Touch the Clouds led a horse-raiding party but decided to turn back upon discovering that they were greatly outnumbered by the Crow. The crisis over the increasing European-American presence on the northern Great Plains caused growing dissension among the various Lakota bands as they debated what to do. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Touch the Clouds The expedition was said to have paved the way to (and through) the Rocky Mountains for European-Americans from the East, although Lewis and Clark met at least 11 European-American mountain men during their travels. Mountain men, primarily French, Spanish, and British, roamed the Rocky Mountains from 1720 to 1800 seeking mineral deposits and furs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Rocky Mountains
24635.	Q: Does the Indian Air force marching contingent wear the same color of uniforms as the Bengal engineer group marching contingent? Title = Bengal Engineer Group marching contingent passes through the Rajpath during the 63rd Republic Day Parade-2012, in New Delhi on January 26, 2012 Description = Title = The Indian Air Force Marching Contingent passes through the Rajpath, on the occasion of the 69th Republic Day Parade 2018, in New Delhi on January 26, 2018 Description = A: no Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Color wheel, Bangladesh, List of Indian Air Force stations, NTSC, Air Force ranks and insignia of India, Bangladesh Army, Indian Air Force, Color, Periwinkle (color), Four color theorem, Gorkha regiments (India), Victory day of Bangladesh, Chief of the Air Staff (India), Madras Engineer Group, Fuchsia (color), All horses are the same color, List of active Indian military aircraft, Future of the Indian Air Force, Color blindness, List of historical aircraft of the Indian Air Force, Delhi Republic Day parade, List of serving air marshals of the Indian Air Force, Checker shadow illusion, Color symbolism, Marshal of the Indian Air Force, Battle of Ghazni, History of the Indian Air Force, Bengal Army, Second Anglo-Sikh War, Sapper Toggle details	Thus in any group of horses, all horses must be the same color. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) All horses are the same color horses always are the same color. Consider a group consisting of --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) All horses are the same color If there is only one horse in the "group", then clearly all horses in that group have the same color. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) All horses are the same color The case with just one horse is trivial. If there is only one horse in the "group", then clearly all horses in that group have the same color. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) All horses are the same color The Indian Air Force was requested to provide support elements to the ground force in what was called Operation Vijay. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Indian Air Force By the same reasoning, these too, must also be of the same color. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) All horses are the same color Madras Engineer Group (MEG), informally known as the Madras Sappers, is an engineer group of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Madras Engineer Group Since the two tasks went hand in hand and were done by the same troops, native Indian engineer corps came to be called "sappers and miners". --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Sapper The Indian Air Force was established on 8 October 1932 in British India as an auxiliary air force of the Royal Air Force. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force was established on 8 October 1932 in British India as an auxiliary air force of the Royal Air Force. The enactment of the Indian Air Force Act 1932 stipulated out their auxiliary status and enforced the adoption of the Royal Air Force uniforms, badges, brevets and insignia. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force was established in British India as an auxiliary air force of the Royal Air Force with the enactment of the Indian Air Force Act 1932 on 8 October that year and adopted the Royal Air Force uniforms, badges, brevets and insignia. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) History of the Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force currently operates seven Air Commands. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of Indian Air Force stations The enactment of the Indian Air Force Act 1932 stipulated out their auxiliary status and enforced the adoption of the Royal Air Force uniforms, badges, brevets and insignia. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Indian Air Force Thereafter the IAF was referred to as the Royal Indian Air Force. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of the Indian Air Force Sachin Tendulkar was the first sportsperson and the first civilian without an aviation background to be awarded the honorary rank of group captain by the Indian Air Force. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Indian Air Force When India became a republic in 1950, the prefix 'Royal' was dropped from the Indian Air Force. At the same time, the current IAF roundel was adopted. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Indian Air Force However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) All horses are the same color This is a list of serving Air Marshals of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of serving air marshals of the Indian Air Force That the two squares are the same color can be proven using any of the following methods: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Checker shadow illusion These losses forced the Indian Air Force to reassess its strategy. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) History of the Indian Air Force Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Color wheel The Indian Air Force's rank structure is based on that of the Royal Air Force. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Air Force ranks and insignia of India India's air force retained the name of the Royal Indian Air Force, but three of the ten operational squadrons and facilities, located within the borders of Pakistan, were transferred to the Royal Pakistan Air Force. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Indian Air Force The team is based at the Indian Air Force Station at Bidar. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Indian Air Force The rank structure of the Indian Air Force is based on that of the Royal Air Force. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Indian Air Force List of serving air marshals of the Indian Air Force --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Chief of the Air Staff (India) The same is true when horse B is removed. However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) All horses are the same color Indian Air Force has placed an order for 65 LCHs. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Future of the Indian Air Force The air-launched version for the Indian Air Force is ready for testing. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Future of the Indian Air Force The order by the Indian Air Force could eventually grow to 250 aircraft. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Future of the Indian Air Force Connect the squares with a rectangle of the same color, as seen in the figure to the right. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Checker shadow illusion The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Color symbolism A contingent from the Bombay Army (administered separately from the Bengal Army) had been ordered to reinforce Whish and besiege Multan. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Second Anglo-Sikh War A contingent from the Bombay Army (administered separately from the Bengal Army) had been ordered to reinforce Whish and besiege Multan. This force was delayed by a petty squabble over seniority and could arrive only when its first commander (who was senior to Whish and refused to serve under him) was replaced by a more junior officer. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Second Anglo-Sikh War However, the first partition of Bengal created an uproar in Calcutta and the Indian National Congress. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bangladesh However, the Indian air force delivered aid shipments for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bangladesh The Adina Mosque of United Bengal was the largest mosque built on the Indian subcontinent. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bangladesh Bangladesh shares its culinary heritage with the neighbouring Indian state of West Bengal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bangladesh The head of the Indian Air Force is the Chief of the Air Staff, who holds the rank of Air Chief Marshal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force The following table shows the officer rank insignia for the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Air Force ranks and insignia of India The Army of Bengal was formed, which later became part of a united Indian Army from 1895 to 1947. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bangladesh Army The Indian Air Force (IAF) is the air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force In 1950, when India became a republic, the prefix was dropped and it reverted to being the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of the Indian Air Force When India became a republic in 1950, the prefix 'Royal' was dropped from the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force In January 2002, the government conferred the rank of Marshal of the Indian Air Force on Arjan Singh making him the first and only Five-star officer with the Indian Air Force and ceremonial chief of the air force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force is divided into five operational and two functional commands. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force The Garud commandos are the special forces of the Indian Air Force (IAF). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force Anyone holding Indian citizenship can apply to be an officer in the Air Force as long as they satisfy the eligibility criteria. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force was requested to provide support elements to the ground force in what was called Operation Vijay. Probing flights by some fighters and bombers were carried out from 8–18 December to draw out the Portuguese Air Force, but to no avail. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Indian Air Force If we required the entire territory of a country to receive the same color, then four colors are not always sufficient. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem Forcing two separate regions to have the same color can be modelled by adding a 'handle' joining them outside the plane. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem The Chief of the Air Staff is the head of military staff of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) At Independence, the head of the Air Force designated as the "Air Marshal Commanding, Royal Indian Air Force". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Thus re-designating the head of IAF to "Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Indian Air Force". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Air Marshal Commanding, Royal Indian Air Force (1947–1948) === --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Air Force (1948–1950) == --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Indian Air Force (1950–1955) == --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) The chief is directly responsible for leading the Indian Air Force as the chief military adviser on aerial affairs. They are responsible for coordinating and chairing the military air staff of the Air force and ultimately are subject to the Chief of Defence and the government of India. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Madras Engineer Group (MEG), informally known as the Madras Sappers, is an engineer group of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The Madras Sappers draw their origin from the erstwhile Madras Presidency army of the British Raj. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Madras Engineer Group Hence the first horse excluded, the non-excluded horses, and last horse excluded are all of the same color, and we have proven that: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color We already saw in the base case that the rule ("all horses have the same color") was valid for --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color horses always are the same color. Likewise, exclude some other horse (not identical to the one first removed) and look only at the other --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color horses will also have the same color. We already saw in the base case that the rule ("all horses have the same color") was valid for --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). The same is true when horse B is removed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). Therefore, the above proof has a logical link broken. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color For a list of historical military aircraft used by the Indian military, see list of historical aircraft of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of active Indian military aircraft Indian Air Force place an order for 38 Rudra helicopters. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Future of the Indian Air Force Ultimately though, the drones are meant to be launched from any Indian Air Force aircraft - fighter jets and transports. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Future of the Indian Air Force The manufacturer has stated that the Indian Air Force intended to place an order for up to 45 aircraft. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Future of the Indian Air Force The order by the Indian Air Force could eventually grow to 250 aircraft. Two prototype aircraft have been built. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Future of the Indian Air Force It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness The Vice Chief of the Air Staff is the second-highest ranking officer in the Indian Air Force. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of serving air marshals of the Indian Air Force After retiring from the Indian Air Force, he served as a diplomat, politician and advisor to the Government of India. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The second Bengal division which was originally supposed to take part in the invasion was now relegated as a reserve force and would remain in India. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Battle of Ghazni The history of the Indian Air Force began with its establishment in 1932 and continues up to the present day. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of the Indian Air Force This gave a reduced Royal Indian Air Force and a new Royal Pakistan Air Force in 1947. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of the Indian Air Force Learning from the experiences of the Sino-Indian war, India decided to use its air force extensively during the war. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of the Indian Air Force This was the first time the IAF actively engaged an enemy air force. However, instead of providing close air support to the Indian Army, the IAF carried out independent raid missions against Pakistani Air Force (PAF) bases. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) History of the Indian Air Force This was dangerous work, often lethal to the sappers, and was fiercely resisted by the besieged enemy. Since the two tasks went hand in hand and were done by the same troops, native Indian engineer corps came to be called "sappers and miners". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Sapper Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. For example, light blue, indigo, and cyan blue. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color wheel The IAF rank of pilot officer is a rank in abeyance in the Air Force and is no longer in force, all officers begin as flying officers upon commissioning. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Air Force ranks and insignia of India This force was organised in company groups attached to various regiments of Indian Army in direct support role. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Bangladesh Army As of 1 July 2017, 1,39,576 personnel are in service with the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force was quick to respond to Pakistani air strikes, following which the PAF carried out mostly defensive sorties. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Srinagar Airport was at this time closed to civilian air-traffic and dedicated to the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of the Indian Air Force Since the late 1990s, the Indian Air Force has been modernising its fleet to counter challenges in the new century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Sarang (Sanskrit for Peacock) is the Helicopter Display Team of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force The exact number of aircraft in service with the Indian Air Force cannot be determined with precision from open sources. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Four Dhruvs are also operated by the Indian Air Force Sarang Helicopter Display Team. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Thereafter the IAF was referred to as the Royal Indian Air Force. In 1950, when India became a republic, the prefix was dropped and it reverted to being the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of the Indian Air Force In late 1961, the Indian government decided to attack the Portuguese colony of Goa after years of disagreement between New Delhi and Lisbon. The Indian Air Force was requested to provide support elements to the ground force in what was called Operation Vijay. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Anyone holding Indian citizenship can apply to be an officer in the Air Force as long as they satisfy the eligibility criteria. There are four entry points to become an officer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Indian Air Force Its name is derived from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which bears flowers of the same color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Periwinkle (color) In order to retain a contingent from this area of Nepal, the Indian Army made the decision to raise the 11 Gorkha Rifles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gorkha regiments (India) The chief is directly responsible for leading the Indian Air Force as the chief military adviser on aerial affairs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) All horses are the same color By the same reasoning, these too, must also be of the same color. Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) All horses are the same color Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. Hence the first horse excluded, the non-excluded horses, and last horse excluded are all of the same color, and we have proven that: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) All horses are the same color Let the two horses be horse A and horse B. When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) All horses are the same color Mi-17V-5In July 2018, Indian Air Force was looking to place an additional order of 48 Mi-17V5 aircraft. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force It will complement the HAL Tejas, the Sukhoi Su-30MKI, MWF and the Dassault Rafale in the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force Later, the aircraft will be delivered to the Indian Air Force after integration of missions systems of DRDO by CABS in India. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force has placed an order for 73 aircraft, of which the first 12 are in production. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force Indian Air Force has placed an order for 65 LCHs. The type is also intended to be sold upon the export market. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force has placed an order for 73 aircraft, of which the first 12 are in production. The order by the Indian Air Force could eventually grow to 250 aircraft. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Future of the Indian Air Force Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Following the crash, Professor Alarik Frithiof Holmgren, a physiologist, investigated and concluded that the color blindness of the engineer (who had died) had caused the crash. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness It is performed by the bands of the three wings of the military, the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Delhi Republic Day parade The Chief of the Air Staff is the only serving Four Star Air Officer in the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of serving air marshals of the Indian Air Force In one example, a company selling a paint color named “off white” more than doubled its sales by renaming the same color as “ancient silk.” --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color symbolism Marshal of the Air Force is a five star Air Officer rank and the highest attainable rank in the Indian Air Force. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marshal of the Indian Air Force Marshal of the Air Force is equivalent to Field Marshal in the Indian Army and admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marshal of the Indian Air Force A Marshal of the Indian Air Force wears gorget patches which are blue patches with five white stars. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marshal of the Indian Air Force Marshal of the Air Force is a five star Air Officer rank and the highest attainable rank in the Indian Air Force. Marshal of the Air Force is ranked immediately above Air Chief Marshal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The Indian pilots were led by RAF Commanding officer Flight Lieutenant (later Air Vice Marshal) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of the Indian Air Force After the 1965 War, the Indian Air Force went through an intense phase of modernisation and consolidation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of the Indian Air Force IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in sinking several Pakistani naval vessels in the Bay of Bengal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) History of the Indian Air Force For example, red, orange, and yellow are analogous colors. Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel Bengal was the wealthiest region in the Indian subcontinent, and its proto-industrial economy showed signs of driving an Industrial revolution. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bangladesh After the 1757 Battle of Plassey, Bengal was the first region of the Indian subcontinent conquered by the British East India Company. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bangladesh However, the Indian air force delivered aid shipments for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. The crackdown against cattle smuggling in India has also affected Bangladesh. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bangladesh Bangladesh shares its culinary heritage with the neighbouring Indian state of West Bengal. The two regions have several differences, however. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bangladesh Similarly, Indian Airforce has Prayagraj-based Western Air Command, Delhi-based Central Air Command, and Shillong-based Eastern Air Command to cover the LAC. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Indian Air Force stations The Indian Air Force currently operates seven Air Commands. Each Command is headed by an Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the rank of Air Marshal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Indian Air Force stations The highest rank attainable in the Indian Air Force is Marshal of the Indian Air Force, conferred by the President of India after exceptional service during wartime. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Air Force ranks and insignia of India Arjan Singh was the only officer to have achieved this rank. The head of the Indian Air Force is the Chief of the Air Staff, who holds the rank of Air Chief Marshal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Air Force ranks and insignia of India After India gained independence from United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and served in the name of Dominion of India. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force The Indian pilots were led by British RAF Commanding officer Flight Lieutenant (later Air Vice Marshal) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force Moreover, international (UN) stipulations and norms did not permit military force to be introduced into the Indian state of J&K beyond what was agreed during the 1949 ceasefire. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force As a result, HAL HF-24 Marut, designed by the famed German aerospace engineer Kurt Tank, were inducted into the air force. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in its operations against the Pakistani Navy and Maritime Security Agency in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force On 27 May, the Indian Air Force suffered its first fatality when it lost a MiG-21 and a MiG-27 in quick succession. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force Besides the tri-service institutions, the Indian Air Force has a Training Command and several training establishments. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force Along the lines of the geographical partition, the assets of the air force were divided between the new countries. India's air force retained the name of the Royal Indian Air Force, but three of the ten operational squadrons and facilities, located within the borders of Pakistan, were transferred to the Royal Pakistan Air Force. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force India's air force retained the name of the Royal Indian Air Force, but three of the ten operational squadrons and facilities, located within the borders of Pakistan, were transferred to the Royal Pakistan Air Force. The RIAF Roundel was changed to an interim 'Chakra' roundel derived from the Ashoka Chakra. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force The Garud commandos are the special forces of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Their tasks include counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, providing security to IAF's vulnerably located assets and various air force-specific special operations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force The team is based at the Indian Air Force Station at Bidar. The IAF has begun the process of converting Surya Kirans to BAE Hawks. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force Arjan Singh is the only officer to have achieved this rank. The head of the Indian Air Force is the Chief of the Air Staff, who holds the rank of Air Chief Marshal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Indian Air Force Two different light spectra that have the same effect on the three color receptors in the human eye will be perceived as the same color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color Two different light spectra that have the same effect on the three color receptors in the human eye will be perceived as the same color. They are metamers of that color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Four color theorem Hadwiger–Nelson problem: how many colors are needed to color the plane so that no two points at unit distance apart have the same color? --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Four color theorem If we required the entire territory of a country to receive the same color, then four colors are not always sufficient. For instance, consider a simplified map: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Four color theorem The position is abbreviated as CAS in the Indian Air Force cables and communication, and is always held by a full Air Chief Marshal since 1966. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chief of the Air Staff (India) They are responsible for coordinating and chairing the military air staff of the Air force and ultimately are subject to the Chief of Defence and the government of India. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Since this group was constituted by the Madras Presidency, and formed part of the Madras Army, they were called the Madras Sappers. Likewise in 1803 and again in 1824, the Bengal Sappers and Bombay Sappers were formed in the other presidencies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Madras Engineer Group All horses are the same color is a falsidical paradox that arises from a flawed use of mathematical induction to prove the statement All horses are the same color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) All horses are the same color The Indian Air Force has been undergoing a modernization program to replace and upgrade its aging and outdated equipment since the late 90s to modern standards. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Future of the Indian Air Force DRDO is also developing the AURA (Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft) which is an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) for the Indian Air Force. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Future of the Indian Air Force Third, for some color blind people, color can only be distinguished if there is a sufficient "mass" of color: thin lines might appear black, while a thicker line of the same color can be perceived as having color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism There is great diversity in the use of colors and their associations between cultures and even within the same culture in different time periods. The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism At 3am on July 23, 1839, Indian engineers of the Bengal and Bombay Sappers and Miners moved towards the gate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Battle of Ghazni Indian military and civilian leadership failed to organise and co-ordinate the air assaults efficiently and eventually the Indian Air Force was never used during the conflict apart from occasional supply missions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of the Indian Air Force The ambassador was told that the aircraft were expected to complete their mission unhindered and any opposition by the Sri Lankan Air Force 'would be met by force' by the escorting Mirage 2000s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of the Indian Air Force Three years after the Sino-Indian conflict, India went to war with Pakistan again over Kashmir. Learning from the experiences of the Sino-Indian war, India decided to use its air force extensively during the war. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of the Indian Air Force Learning from the experiences of the Sino-Indian war, India decided to use its air force extensively during the war. This was the first time the IAF actively engaged an enemy air force. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of the Indian Air Force The message was conveyed to the Sri Lankan Ambassador to New Delhi that Indian Air Force would be flying a mission at 1600 Hours to drop supplies over Jaffna. The ambassador was told that the aircraft were expected to complete their mission unhindered and any opposition by the Sri Lankan Air Force 'would be met by force' by the escorting Mirage 2000s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) History of the Indian Air Force Drilled and armed along British army lines this force served well at the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and 20 more Indian battalions were raised by 1764. In 1766 the Monghyr Mutiny, quelled by Robert Clive, affected many of the white officers of the Bengal Army. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bengal Army According to the ancient Indian texts, Rāmāyana and Mahābhārata, the Vanga Kingdom, one of the namesakes of the Bengal region, was a strong naval power. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bangladesh The Indian Air Force's rank structure is based on that of the Royal Air Force. The highest rank attainable in the Indian Air Force is Marshal of the Indian Air Force, conferred by the President of India after exceptional service during wartime. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Air Force ranks and insignia of India They fought in the war and after the war helped crush a rebellion by Kurds in 1919.During the Second World War, British Armed Forces Eastern Command created an auxiliary force who were part engineers and part infantry named as Indian Pioneer Corps. Most of the soldiers were recruited from both West and East Bengal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bangladesh Army During the war, the RIAF did not engage the Pakistan Air Force in air-to-air combat; however, it did provide effective transport and close air support to the Indian troops. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force The first strikes were launched on 26 May, when the Indian Air Force struck infiltrator positions with fighter aircraft and helicopter gunships. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force The President of India is the Supreme Commander of all Indian armed forces and by virtue of that fact is the national Commander-in-chief of the Air Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force The Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) (Surya Kiran is Sanskrit for Sun Rays) is an aerobatics demonstration team of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force Over the years reliable sources provided notably divergent estimates of the personnel strength of the Indian Air Force after analysing open-source intelligence. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force The highest rank attainable in the IAF is Marshal of the Indian Air Force, conferred by the President of India after exceptional service during wartime. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force (IAF) is the air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. Its complement of personnel and aircraft assets ranks fourth amongst the air forces of the world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force It was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire which honoured India's aviation service during World War II with the prefix Royal. After India gained independence from United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and served in the name of Dominion of India. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force In recognition of the valiant service by the IAF, King George VI conferred the prefix "Royal" in 1945. Thereafter the IAF was referred to as the Royal Indian Air Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force Operating from Leopoldville and Kamina, the Canberras soon destroyed the rebel Air Force and provided the UN ground forces with its only long-range air support force. In late 1961, the Indian government decided to attack the Portuguese colony of Goa after years of disagreement between New Delhi and Lisbon. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force This was the first time the IAF actively engaged an enemy air force. However, instead of providing close air support to the Indian Army, the IAF carried out independent raids against PAF bases. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force However, the IAF did not suffer significantly because the leadership had anticipated such a move and precautions were taken. The Indian Air Force was quick to respond to Pakistani air strikes, following which the PAF carried out mostly defensive sorties. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force is divided into five operational and two functional commands. Each Command is headed by an Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief with the rank of Air Marshal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Indian Air Force In fact, one may formally define a color as a class of spectra that give rise to the same color sensation, although such classes would vary widely among different species, and to a lesser extent among individuals within the same species. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Periwinkle is a color in the blue and violet family. Its name is derived from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which bears flowers of the same color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Periwinkle (color) Other false disproofs violate the assumptions of the theorem, such as using a region that consists of multiple disconnected parts, or disallowing regions of the same color from touching at a point. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Four color theorem In this map, the two regions labeled A belong to the same country. If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Four color theorem If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. Forcing two separate regions to have the same color can be modelled by adding a 'handle' joining them outside the plane. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Four color theorem This article provides the list of active Indian military aircraft currently in service or on order with the Indian Armed Forces. For a list of historical military aircraft used by the Indian military, see list of historical aircraft of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of active Indian military aircraft The Tejas Mk 2 is being designed to replace multiple strike-fighters like SEPECAT Jaguars, Dassault Mirage-2000 & MiG-29 of Indian Air Force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Future of the Indian Air Force It is a variant of Dhruv (ALH) MK-4 to strengthen the fleet of attack helicopters. Indian Air Force place an order for 38 Rudra helicopters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Future of the Indian Air Force One of the unique sights of the parade is the camel mounted Border Security Force contingent, which is the only camel mounted military force in the world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Delhi Republic Day parade The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. Diversity in color symbolism occurs because color meanings and symbolism occur on an individual, cultural and universal basis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. Even the colors that denote powerful emotions vary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism After retiring from the Indian Air Force, he served as a diplomat, politician and advisor to the Government of India. He was Lieutenant Governor of Delhi from 1989 to 1990. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The British assembled two divisions from their Bengal Army led by Sir Harry Fane and another force of a single division led from Bombay by Sir John Keane. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Battle of Ghazni At 3am on July 23, 1839, Indian engineers of the Bengal and Bombay Sappers and Miners moved towards the gate. As the engineers approached they were fired upon by the Afghans inside the city. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Battle of Ghazni Apart from the airlifting operations and supplying essential commodities to the ground troops, the Indian Air Force had other offensive roles to play in the conflict. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force However, instead of providing close air support to the Indian Army, the IAF carried out independent raid missions against Pakistani Air Force (PAF) bases. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force 3 December saw the formal declaration of war following massive, but failed preemptive strikes by the Pakistan Air Force against Indian Air Force installations in the west. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force The message was conveyed to the Sri Lankan Ambassador to New Delhi that Indian Air Force would be flying a mission at 1600 Hours to drop supplies over Jaffna. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force The following day, a Mi-17 was lost- with the loss of all four of the crew- when it was hit by three Stingers while on an offensive sortie. These losses forced the Indian Air Force to reassess its strategy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force These losses forced the Indian Air Force to reassess its strategy. The helicopters were immediately withdrawn from offensive roles as a measure against the man-portable missiles in possession of the infiltrators. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of the Indian Air Force While the East India Company had previously maintained a small force of Dutch and Eurasian mercenaries in Bengal, this was destroyed when Calcutta was captured by the Nawab of Bengal on 30 June that year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bengal Army Drilled and armed along British army lines this force served well at the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and 20 more Indian battalions were raised by 1764. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bengal Army A total of 64 Bengal Army regular infantry and cavalry regiments rebelled during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, or were disbanded after their continued loyalty was considered doubtful. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bengal Army Instead, Currie ordered only a small force from the Bengal Army under General Whish, and several contingents of locally recruited irregulars and detachments of the Sikh Khalsa Army to join the siege. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Second Anglo-Sikh War Madras Sappers, Bengal Sappers and the Bombay Sappers. Each of these groups consist of about twenty battalion-sized engineer regiments and additional company-sized minor engineer units. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sapper In 1929, the All Bengal Tenants Association was formed in the Bengal Legislative Council to counter the influence of the Hindu landed gentry, and the Indian Independence and Pakistan Movements strengthened during the early 20th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh After the 1757 Battle of Plassey, Bengal was the first region of the Indian subcontinent conquered by the British East India Company. The company formed the Presidency of Fort William, which administered the region until 1858. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh With a joint ground advance by Bangladeshi and Indian forces, coupled with air strikes by both India and the small Bangladeshi air contingent, the capital Dacca was liberated from Pakistani occupation in mid-December. During the last phase of the war, both the Soviet Union and the United States dispatched naval forces to the Bay of Bengal in a Cold War standoff. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh In 2017, India joined Russia and China in refusing to condemn Myanmar's atrocities against the Rohingya, which contradicted with Bangladesh's demand for recognising Rohingya human rights. However, the Indian air force delivered aid shipments for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh Islamic architecture began developing under the Bengal Sultanate, when local terracotta styles influenced medieval mosque construction. The Adina Mosque of United Bengal was the largest mosque built on the Indian subcontinent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh The Adina Mosque of United Bengal was the largest mosque built on the Indian subcontinent. The Sixty Dome Mosque was the largest medieval mosque built in Bangladesh, and is a fine example of Turkic-Bengali architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC Even though India is not a recognized NATO country, the NATO ranking codes are given for comparison with other nations' military ranks (see Air force officer rank insignia for more information). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Air Force ranks and insignia of India The head of the Indian Air Force is the Chief of the Air Staff, who holds the rank of Air Chief Marshal. The current Chief of the Air Staff is Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria, took office on 30 September 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Air Force ranks and insignia of India In 1946 Captain Ghani the then Adjutant and Quartermaster of Indian Pioneer Corps Centre at Jalna envisioned and generated the idea of forming an Infantry regiment out of the Pioneer soldiers from East Bengal who would be returning home demobilised, to the Centre Commander. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh Army Most of the soldiers were recruited from both West and East Bengal. This force assisted the main war effort by building roads, airfields, fortifications and, when needed, fought the Japanese in an infantry role. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bangladesh Army Operating from Leopoldville and Kamina, the Canberras soon destroyed the rebel Air Force and provided the UN ground forces with its only long-range air support force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force According to, Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh of the Indian Air Force, despite having been qualitatively inferior, IAF achieved air superiority in three days in the 1965 War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force On 11 May 1999, the Indian Air Force was called in to provide close air support to the Indian Army at the height of the ongoing Kargil conflict with the use of helicopters. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) History of the Indian Air Force On 2 August 2002, the Indian Air Force bombed Pakistani posts along the Line of Control in the Kel sector, following inputs about Pakistani military buildup near the sector. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force Following heightened tensions between India and Pakistan after the 2019 Pulwama attack that was carried out by Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) which killed forty-six servicemen of the Central Reserve Police Force, a group of twelve Mirage 2000 fighter planes from the Indian Air Force carried out air strikes on alleged JeM bases in Chakothi and Muzaffarabad in the Pakistan-administered Kashmir. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force As of 1 July 2017, the Indian Air Force has a sanctioned strength of 12,550 officers (12,404 serving with 146 under strength), and 142,529 airmen (127,172 serving with 15,357 under strength). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force has aircraft and equipment of Russian (erstwhile Soviet Union), British, French, Israeli, US and Indian origins with Russian aircraft dominating its inventory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force After India gained independence from United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and served in the name of Dominion of India. With the government's transition to a Republic in 1950, the prefix Royal was removed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The President of India holds the rank of Supreme Commander of the IAF. As of 1 July 2017, 1,39,576 personnel are in service with the Indian Air Force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The enactment of the Indian Air Force Act 1932 stipulated out their auxiliary status and enforced the adoption of the Royal Air Force uniforms, badges, brevets and insignia. On 1 April 1933, the IAF commissioned its first squadron, No.1 Squadron, with four Westland Wapiti biplanes and five Indian pilots. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force As a result, HAL HF-24 Marut, designed by the famed German aerospace engineer Kurt Tank, were inducted into the air force. HAL also started developing an improved version of the Folland Gnat, known as HAL Ajeet. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force Srinagar Airport was at this time closed to civilian air-traffic and dedicated to the Indian Air Force. On 27 May, the Indian Air Force suffered its first fatality when it lost a MiG-21 and a MiG-27 in quick succession. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force Since the late 1990s, the Indian Air Force has been modernising its fleet to counter challenges in the new century. The fleet size of the IAF has decreased to 33 squadrons during this period because of the retirement of older aircraft. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The President of India is the Supreme Commander of all Indian armed forces and by virtue of that fact is the national Commander-in-chief of the Air Force. The Chief of the Air Staff with the rank of Air chief marshal is the Commander --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) (Surya Kiran is Sanskrit for Sun Rays) is an aerobatics demonstration team of the Indian Air Force. They were formed in 1996 and are successors to the Thunderbolts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The Surya Kiran team were conferred squadron status in 2006, and presently have the designation of 52 Squadron ("The Sharks"). The team is based at the Indian Air Force Station at Bidar. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The IAF has begun the process of converting Surya Kirans to BAE Hawks. Sarang (Sanskrit for Peacock) is the Helicopter Display Team of the Indian Air Force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The rank structure of the Indian Air Force is based on that of the Royal Air Force. The highest rank attainable in the IAF is Marshal of the Indian Air Force, conferred by the President of India after exceptional service during wartime. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force HAL produces some of the Russian and British aircraft in India under licence. The exact number of aircraft in service with the Indian Air Force cannot be determined with precision from open sources. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The exact number of aircraft in service with the Indian Air Force cannot be determined with precision from open sources. Various reliable sources provide notably divergent estimates for a variety of high-visibility aircraft. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force In addition to transport and utility roles, newer Dhruvs are also used as attack helicopters. Four Dhruvs are also operated by the Indian Air Force Sarang Helicopter Display Team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Indian Air Force The color table should not be interpreted as a definitive list—the pure spectral colors form a continuous spectrum, and how it is divided into distinct colors linguistically is a matter of culture and historical contingency (although people everywhere have been shown to perceive colors in the same way). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Some objects not only reflect light, but also transmit light or emit light themselves, which also contributes to the color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color In 1931, an international group of experts known as the Commission internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) developed a mathematical color model, which mapped out the space of observable colors and assigned a set of three numbers to each. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color In fact, one may formally define a color as a class of spectra that give rise to the same color sensation, although such classes would vary widely among different species, and to a lesser extent among individuals within the same species. In each such class the members are called metamers of the color in question. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color For example, it is not possible to stimulate only the mid-wavelength (so-called "green") cones; the other cones will inevitably be stimulated to some degree at the same time. The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the human color space. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color In mathematics, the four color theorem, or the four color map theorem, states that, given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, producing a figure called a map, no more than four colors are required to color the regions of the map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem The intuitive statement of the four color theorem – "given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, the regions can be colored using at most four colors so that no two adjacent regions have the same color" – needs to be interpreted appropriately to be correct. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem In graph-theoretic terminology, the four-color theorem states that the vertices of every planar graph can be colored with at most four colors so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color, or for short: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem If both the vertices and the faces of a planar graph are colored, in such a way that no two adjacent vertices, faces, or vertex-face pair have the same color, then again at most six colors are needed (Borodin 1984). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem Conversely any planar graph can be formed from a map in this way. In graph-theoretic terminology, the four-color theorem states that the vertices of every planar graph can be colored with at most four colors so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color, or for short: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem If this triangulated graph is colorable using four colors or fewer, so is the original graph since the same coloring is valid if edges are removed. So it suffices to prove the four color theorem for triangulated graphs to prove it for all planar graphs, and without loss of generality we assume the graph is triangulated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem The CAS is the leader of the governing body of the Air Force, and is usually the highest ranking officer of the Air Force unless the Chief of Defence Staff of the Indian Armed Forces is taken as an officer of the aerial branch of the armed forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chief of the Air Staff (India) The position is abbreviated as CAS in the Indian Air Force cables and communication, and is always held by a full Air Chief Marshal since 1966. The chief is directly responsible for leading the Indian Air Force as the chief military adviser on aerial affairs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chief of the Air Staff (India) The "Royal" designation was dropped when India became a republic on 26 January 1950. Thus re-designating the head of IAF to "Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Indian Air Force". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Chief of the Air Staff (India) In the RGB color model, used to create colors on computers and television screens, and in web colors, fuchsia and magenta are exactly the same color, made by mixing blue and red light at full and equal intensity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) In the system of additive colors, the RGB color model used to create all the colors on a computer or television display, the colors magenta and fuchsia are exactly the same, and have the same hex number, #FF00FF. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) All horses are the same color is a falsidical paradox that arises from a flawed use of mathematical induction to prove the statement All horses are the same color. There is no actual contradiction, as these arguments have a crucial flaw that makes them incorrect. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) All horses are the same color India and Israel have agreed to expand their missile development cooperation with a longer-range version of their extended-range Barak 8 air defense system for the Indian Air Force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force has been undergoing a modernization program to replace and upgrade its aging and outdated equipment since the late 90s to modern standards. For that reason it has started procuring and developing aircraft, weapons, associated technologies, and infrastructures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force Limited Series Production of 15 LCH started in 2017 (5 for Army, 10 for Air Force). Indian Air Force has placed an order for 65 LCHs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force Mi-17V-5In July 2018, Indian Air Force was looking to place an additional order of 48 Mi-17V5 aircraft. Some older Mi-17s are due for engine overhauls. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force DRDO is developing the air-launched version of the BrahMos cruise missile in a joint venture with Russia's NPO Mashinostroeyenia. The air-launched version for the Indian Air Force is ready for testing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force It will complement the HAL Tejas, the Sukhoi Su-30MKI, MWF and the Dassault Rafale in the Indian Air Force. The main purpose of this aircraft is to give IAF a technological edge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force The IAF had also placed an order for 15 NAL Saras light transport aircraft designed by the National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL). The manufacturer has stated that the Indian Air Force intended to place an order for up to 45 aircraft. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force The three branches of Indian armed forces are envisioned to be major customers for the type. According to HAL, the MLH is to be in the same class as the Russian Mil Mi 17. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Future of the Indian Air Force Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness retinitis pigmentosa(initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness).Inherited color blindness can be congenital (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. Depending on the mutation, it can be stationary, that is, remain the same throughout a person's lifetime, or progressive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness (Orange and yellow are different combinations of red and green light.) Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Blue cone monochromacy (X chromosome) is caused by lack of functionality of L and M cones (red and green). It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. Peak spectral sensitivities are in the blue region of the visible spectrum (near 440 nm). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Third, for some color blind people, color can only be distinguished if there is a sufficient "mass" of color: thin lines might appear black, while a thicker line of the same color can be perceived as having color. Designers should also note that red–blue and yellow–blue color combinations are generally safe. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness This occupational safety principle originates from the Lagerlunda train crash of 1875 in Sweden. Following the crash, Professor Alarik Frithiof Holmgren, a physiologist, investigated and concluded that the color blindness of the engineer (who had died) had caused the crash. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness 18 to 24 different regiments of the Indian Army in addition to the Navy, and Air Force (total nearly 55)) with their bands march past in all their finery and official decorations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Delhi Republic Day parade It is conducted on the evening of 29 January, the third day after the Republic Day. It is performed by the bands of the three wings of the military, the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Delhi Republic Day parade It can be a calming color, and symbolize reliability. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism It is a color often associated with sunshine or joy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism For companies whose products are defined by the name of their color, their sales are susceptible to the symbolism and association of that name. In one example, a company selling a paint color named “off white” more than doubled its sales by renaming the same color as “ancient silk.” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Today, purple symbolizes evil and infidelity in Japan, but the same is symbolized by blue in East Asia and by yellow in France. Additionally, the sacred color of Hindu and Buddhist monks is orange. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Warning signs are coded differently as a danger is symbolized by green in Malaysia and red in the US and Mexico. The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh, DFC is the only Officer to have held this rank. Marshal of the Air Force is equivalent to Field Marshal in the Indian Army and admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marshal of the Indian Air Force For his distinguished service in commanding the IAF during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan. After retiring from the Indian Air Force, he served as a diplomat, politician and advisor to the Government of India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The size of the invasion force was reduced from three divisions to two because there was no longer any prospect of confronting Persian and Russian forces. The second Bengal division which was originally supposed to take part in the invasion was now relegated as a reserve force and would remain in India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Battle of Ghazni The EIC steadily expanded its Bengal Army and by 1796 the establishment was set at three battalions of European artillery, three regiments of European infantry, ten regiments of Indian cavalry and twelve regiments (each of two battalions) of Indian infantry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bengal Army On average an inch and a half taller and a stone heavier than the southern Indian troops, the Bengal sepoy was highly regarded by a military establishment that tended to evaluate its soldiers by physical appearance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bengal Army The Bengal infantry units in existence at the end of the Presidency era continued as the senior regiments (1st Brahmans to 48th Pioneers) of the newly unified Indian Army. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bengal Army Recruited hastily in Britain in November 1857 to replace the eight regiments of Bengal Light Cavalry which had mutinied. The mention of "European" in the name indicated that it consisted of white soldiers rather than Indian sowars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bengal Army On learning of the events at Multan, Currie wrote to Sir Hugh Gough, the Commander in Chief of the Bengal Army, recommending that a major British force should at once move upon Multan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Second Anglo-Sikh War To the alarm of several Political Agents, the force from the Sikh Army included a large contingent commanded by Sardar Sher Singh Attariwalla, Chattar Singh's son. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Second Anglo-Sikh War As the cold weather began in November, substantial contingents from the East India Company's armies at last took the field. A contingent from the Bombay Army (administered separately from the Bengal Army) had been ordered to reinforce Whish and besiege Multan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Second Anglo-Sikh War An additional term applied to sappers of the British Indian Army was "miner". The native engineer corps were called "sappers and miners", as for example, the Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sapper They make use of the trichromatic model of color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel This type of color matching is known as metameric matching. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel The color circle is a useful tool for examining these illusions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel A basic color scheme uses two colors that look appealing together. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel A color wheel based on RGB (red, green, blue) additive primaries has cyan, magenta, and yellow secondaries. Alternatively, the same arrangement of colors around a circle can be described as based on cyan, magenta, and yellow subtractive primaries, with red, green, and blue being secondaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Hence, the name Bangladesh means "Land of Bengal" or "Country of Bengal". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh The Mughal Empire controlled Bengal by the 17th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh It became the first European colonial enclave in Bengal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh With a joint ground advance by Bangladeshi and Indian forces, coupled with air strikes by both India and the small Bangladeshi air contingent, the capital Dacca was liberated from Pakistani occupation in mid-December. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh The language was introduced to Bengal in the 17th-century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh The Great Bengal Library Association was formed in 1925. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south. It is narrowly separated from Nepal and Bhutan by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim in the north, respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Bangladesh forms the larger and eastern part of the Bengal region. According to the ancient Indian texts, Rāmāyana and Mahābhārata, the Vanga Kingdom, one of the namesakes of the Bengal region, was a strong naval power. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Bengal was the wealthiest region in the Indian subcontinent, and its proto-industrial economy showed signs of driving an Industrial revolution. The region has been described as the "Paradise of Nations", and its inhabitants's living standards and real wages were among the highest in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Supported by the Muslim aristocracy, the British government created the province of Eastern Bengal and Assam in 1905; the new province received increased investment in education, transport, and industry. However, the first partition of Bengal created an uproar in Calcutta and the Indian National Congress. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh However, the first partition of Bengal created an uproar in Calcutta and the Indian National Congress. In response to growing Hindu nationalism, the All India Muslim League was formed in Dhaka during the 1906 All India Muhammadan Educational Conference. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh India retaliated in both the western and eastern fronts. With a joint ground advance by Bangladeshi and Indian forces, coupled with air strikes by both India and the small Bangladeshi air contingent, the capital Dacca was liberated from Pakistani occupation in mid-December. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh The Bangladesh Code includes a list of all laws in force in the country. The code begins in 1836 and most of its listed laws were crafted under the British Raj by the Bengal Legislative Council, the Bengal Legislative Assembly, the Eastern Bengal and Assam Legislative Council, the Imperial Legislative Council and the Parliament of the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh This page primarily discusses the NTSC color encoding system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC In January 1950, the committee was reconstituted to standardize color television. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC So the engineers chose the line frequency to be changed for the color standard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Among other things, the color burst phase would often drift. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC In CRT televisions, the NTSC signal is turned into three color signals called Red, Green and Blue, each controlling that color electron gun. TV sets with digital circuitry use sampling techniques to process the signals but the end result is the same. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC During Mughal rule cannons and artillery were introduced to Bengal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army They fought in the war and after the war helped crush a rebellion by Kurds in 1919.During the Second World War, British Armed Forces Eastern Command created an auxiliary force who were part engineers and part infantry named as Indian Pioneer Corps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army Most of the soldiers were recruited from both West and East Bengal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army This force assisted the main war effort by building roads, airfields, fortifications and, when needed, fought the Japanese in an infantry role. This force was organised in company groups attached to various regiments of Indian Army in direct support role. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army This force was organised in company groups attached to various regiments of Indian Army in direct support role. Captain Abdul Gani was a Company Commander in the Burma front and led his troops in battle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army After the war these Pioneer Troops were concentrated in Jalna, India, waiting to be demobilised and return home. In 1946 Captain Ghani the then Adjutant and Quartermaster of Indian Pioneer Corps Centre at Jalna envisioned and generated the idea of forming an Infantry regiment out of the Pioneer soldiers from East Bengal who would be returning home demobilised, to the Centre Commander. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bangladesh Army At the same time, the current IAF roundel was adopted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force On 24 April 1965, an Indian Ouragan strayed over the Pakistani border and was forced to land by a Pakistani Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, the pilot was returned to India; however, the captured aircraft would be kept by the Pakistan Air Force and ended up being displayed at the PAF museum in Peshawar. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force On 3 December, India formally declared war against Pakistan following massive preemptive strikes by the PAF against Indian Air Force installations in Srinagar, Ambala, Sirsa, Halwara and Jodhpur. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force On the night of 3 November 1988, the Indian Air Force mounted special operations to airlift a parachute battalion group from Agra, non-stop over 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) to the remote Indian Ocean archipelago of the Maldives in response to Maldivian president Gayoom's request for military help against a mercenary invasion in Operation Cactus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Still, India maintains the fourth largest air force in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force On 20 August 2013, the Indian Air Force created a world record by performing the highest landing of a C-130J at the Daulat Beg Oldi airstrip in Ladakh at the height of 5,065 metres (16,617 ft). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force On 13 July 2014, two MiG-21s were sent from Jodhpur Air Base to investigate a Turkish Airlines aircraft over Jaisalmer when it repeated an identification code, provided by another commercial passenger plane that had already entered Indian airspace before it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force To deal with the depletion of force levels, the IAF has started to modernise its fleet. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force The Air Force Network (AFNET), a robust digital information grid that enabled quick and accurate threat responses, was launched in 2010, helping the IAF become a truly network-centric air force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Subsequent integration with civil radar and other networks shall provide an integrated Air Situation Picture, and reportedly acts as a force multiplier for intelligence analysis, mission control, and support activities like maintenance and logistics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force As of 1 July 2017, 1,39,576 personnel are in service with the Indian Air Force. The Chief of Air Staff, an air chief marshal, is a four-star officer and is responsible for the bulk of operational command of the Air Force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force This led to the eruption of full-scale war between India and Pakistan, though there was no formal declaration of war. During the war, the RIAF did not engage the Pakistan Air Force in air-to-air combat; however, it did provide effective transport and close air support to the Indian troops. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force The unit remained there until 1966, when the UN mission ended. Operating from Leopoldville and Kamina, the Canberras soon destroyed the rebel Air Force and provided the UN ground forces with its only long-range air support force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Moreover, international (UN) stipulations and norms did not permit military force to be introduced into the Indian state of J&K beyond what was agreed during the 1949 ceasefire. Despite this, the IAF was able to prevent the PAF from gaining air superiority over conflict zones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force More than 60% of IAF's aircraft losses took place in Ground Attack missions to enemy ground-fire, since fighter-bomber aircraft would carry out repeated dive attacks on the same target. According to, Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh of the Indian Air Force, despite having been qualitatively inferior, IAF achieved air superiority in three days in the 1965 War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force India started to put more stress on indigenous manufacture of fighter aircraft. As a result, HAL HF-24 Marut, designed by the famed German aerospace engineer Kurt Tank, were inducted into the air force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force The IAF strike was code named Operation Safed Sagar. The first strikes were launched on 26 May, when the Indian Air Force struck infiltrator positions with fighter aircraft and helicopter gunships. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force The first strikes were launched on 26 May, when the Indian Air Force struck infiltrator positions with fighter aircraft and helicopter gunships. The initial strikes saw MiG-27s carrying out offensive sorties, with MiG-21s and later MiG-29s providing fighter cover. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force The IAF also deployed its radars and the MiG-29 fighters in vast numbers to keep check on Pakistani military movements across the border. Srinagar Airport was at this time closed to civilian air-traffic and dedicated to the Indian Air Force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force On 27 May, the Indian Air Force suffered its first fatality when it lost a MiG-21 and a MiG-27 in quick succession. The following day, while on an offensive sortie, a Mi-17 was shot down by three Stinger missiles and lost its entire crew of four. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Sarang (Sanskrit for Peacock) is the Helicopter Display Team of the Indian Air Force. The team was formed in October 2003 and their first public performance was at the Asian Aerospace Show, Singapore, 2004. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Over the years reliable sources provided notably divergent estimates of the personnel strength of the Indian Air Force after analysing open-source intelligence. The public policy organisation GlobalSecurity.org had estimated that the IAF had an estimated strength of 110,000 active personnel in 1994. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force has aircraft and equipment of Russian (erstwhile Soviet Union), British, French, Israeli, US and Indian origins with Russian aircraft dominating its inventory. HAL produces some of the Russian and British aircraft in India under licence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force Four Dhruvs are also operated by the Indian Air Force Sarang Helicopter Display Team. The HAL Chetak is a light utility helicopter and is used primarily for training, rescue and light transport roles in the IAF. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Indian Air Force The science of color is sometimes called chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color "At the same time as Helmholtz, Ewald Hering developed the opponent process theory of color, noting that color blindness and afterimages typically come in opponent pairs (red-green, blue-orange, yellow-violet, and black-white). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color For example, mixing green light (530 nm) and blue light (460 nm) produces cyan light that is slightly desaturated, because response of the red color receptor would be greater to the green and blue light in the mixture than it would be to a pure cyan light at 485 nm that has the same intensity as the mixture of blue and green. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The different color response of different devices can be problematic if not properly managed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Periwinkle is a color in the blue and violet family. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Periwinkle (color) As before we remove the vertex v and four-color the remaining vertices. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem As a result, large numbers of men from the 7th Gurkha Rifles and the 10th Gurkha Rifles, which recruited predominantly from eastern Nepal, decided not to remain with their regiments when these became part of the British Army. In order to retain a contingent from this area of Nepal, the Indian Army made the decision to raise the 11 Gorkha Rifles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gorkha regiments (India) On 1 March 1948, the title of "Chief of the Air Staff" was added, with a further re-designation to "Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Air Force" on 21 June to maintain uniformity across the three armed services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chief of the Air Staff (India) The Chief of the Air Staff is the head of military staff of the Indian Air Force. The CAS is the leader of the governing body of the Air Force, and is usually the highest ranking officer of the Air Force unless the Chief of Defence Staff of the Indian Armed Forces is taken as an officer of the aerial branch of the armed forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chief of the Air Staff (India) Fuchsia is usually a more purplish color, whereas magenta is more reddish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) Fuchsia rose is the color that was chosen as the 2001 Pantone color of the year by Pantone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) The dye was renamed magenta later in the same year, to celebrate a victory of the French army at the Battle of Magenta on June 4, 1859, near the Italian city of that name. The first recorded use of fuchsia as a color name in English was in 1892. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) The name fuchsia is used on the HTML web color list for this color, while the name magenta is used on the X11 web color list. They are both composed the same way, by combining an equal amount of blue and red light at full brightness, as shown in the image on the left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) All horses are the same color It has also been restated as "All cows have the same color". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) All horses are the same color The same is true when horse B is removed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) All horses are the same color This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. It has also been restated as "All cows have the same color". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) All horses are the same color The first drone prototypes are likely to be deployed from Hawk Advanced Jet Trainers being built, under licence, at Hindustan Aeronautics. Ultimately though, the drones are meant to be launched from any Indian Air Force aircraft - fighter jets and transports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Future of the Indian Air Force The manufacturer has stated that the Indian Air Force intended to place an order for up to 45 aircraft. National Aeronautics Limited (NAL) has stopped all work on NAL Saras as the funding for the project stopped by end of 2013 due to cost overruns and inability to reduce weight of the aircraft. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Future of the Indian Air Force DRDO is also developing the AURA (Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft) which is an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) for the Indian Air Force. The design work on the UCAV is carried out by Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Future of the Indian Air Force India and Israel have agreed to expand their missile development cooperation with a longer-range version of their extended-range Barak 8 air defense system for the Indian Air Force. DRDO is also working on XRSAM long range surface to air missile defence system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Future of the Indian Air Force The ability to see color also decreases in old age. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This form of color blindness is not sex-linked. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Total color blindness is defined as the inability to see color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness As of 2012, sunglasses that notch out color wavelengths are available commercially. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This will still cause problems for those with monochromatic color blindness, but it is still something worth considering. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Inability to distinguish color does not necessarily preclude the ability to become a celebrated artist. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Following the crash, Professor Alarik Frithiof Holmgren, a physiologist, investigated and concluded that the color blindness of the engineer (who had died) had caused the crash. Professor Holmgren then created the first test using different-colored skeins to exclude people from jobs in the transportation industry on the basis of color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The parade traditionally ends with dare devil motor cycle riding display by motorcycle units of the Armed Forces and civil security services and a flypast by the Indian Air Force jets and helicopters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Delhi Republic Day parade In some instances color symbolism in marketing is constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Color symbolism in art and anthropology refers to the use of color as a symbol in various cultures. There is great diversity in the use of colors and their associations between cultures and even within the same culture in different time periods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Marshal of the Air Force is ranked immediately above Air Chief Marshal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshal of the Indian Air Force Marshal of the Air Force is equivalent to Field Marshal in the Indian Army and admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy. While the rank of admiral of the fleet has never been awarded, there have been two Field Marshals - Sam Manekshaw and K M Cariappa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The second Bengal division which was originally supposed to take part in the invasion was now relegated as a reserve force and would remain in India. The quickest route to Kabul was to march across the Punjab and enter Afghanistan by way of Peshawar and the Khyber Pass, but Ranjit Singh, the ruler of Punjab would never consent to such a large force crossing the Punjab. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Battle of Ghazni A Line of Control has since separated Indian-held Kashmir from Pakistani-held Kashmir. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force On 30 May, the Indian Air Force called into operation the Mirage 2000 which was deemed the best aircraft capable of optimum performance under the conditions of high-altitude seen in the zone of conflict. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force They went on to attend the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy in 1944.In recognition of the valiant service by the IAF, King George VI conferred the prefix "Royal" in 1945. Thereafter the IAF was referred to as the Royal Indian Air Force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force In 1950, when India became a republic, the prefix was dropped and it reverted to being the Indian Air Force. Post war, No. 4 Squadron IAF was sent to Japan as part of the Allied Occupation forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force With the partition of the Indian sub-continent into two separate nations—India and Pakistan—the military forces were also partitioned. This gave a reduced Royal Indian Air Force and a new Royal Pakistan Air Force in 1947. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force This was the most instrumental action of the war as the troops saved the city from the invaders. Apart from the airlifting operations and supplying essential commodities to the ground troops, the Indian Air Force had other offensive roles to play in the conflict. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force Apart from the airlifting operations and supplying essential commodities to the ground troops, the Indian Air Force had other offensive roles to play in the conflict. Photo reconnaissance, bombing, strafing and interdiction roles were carried out extensively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force In 1962, border disputes escalated into full-scale war between India and China. Indian military and civilian leadership failed to organise and co-ordinate the air assaults efficiently and eventually the Indian Air Force was never used during the conflict apart from occasional supply missions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force However, instead of providing close air support to the Indian Army, the IAF carried out independent raid missions against Pakistani Air Force (PAF) bases. These bases were situated deep inside the Pakistani territory, making IAF fighters vulnerable to anti-aircraft fire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force Within the first two weeks, the IAF had carried out more than 4,000 sorties in East Pakistan and provided successful air cover for the advancing Indian army in East Pakistan. IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in sinking several Pakistani naval vessels in the Bay of Bengal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in sinking several Pakistani naval vessels in the Bay of Bengal. In the west, the airforce demolished scores of tanks and armoured vehicles in a single battle – the Battle of Longewala. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force The ambassador was told that the aircraft were expected to complete their mission unhindered and any opposition by the Sri Lankan Air Force 'would be met by force' by the escorting Mirage 2000s. The air drop was a success and the IAF was unopposed by the Sri Lankan forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) History of the Indian Air Force The Bengal Army originated with the establishment of a European Regiment in 1756. While the East India Company had previously maintained a small force of Dutch and Eurasian mercenaries in Bengal, this was destroyed when Calcutta was captured by the Nawab of Bengal on 30 June that year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bengal Army The Bengal Army of the East India Company was mainly recruited from high castes living in Bengal, Bihar and the Awadh. Writing in The Indian Army (1834), Sir John Malcolm, who had a lifetime's experience of Indian soldiering, wrote: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bengal Army The Sikhs won the battle but soon they surrendered as there was a very small force. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Second Anglo-Sikh War The Afghan contingent hastily withdrew through Attock and Peshawar, which the British reoccupied. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Second Anglo-Sikh War Instead, Currie ordered only a small force from the Bengal Army under General Whish, and several contingents of locally recruited irregulars and detachments of the Sikh Khalsa Army to join the siege. These forces joined Edwardes at Multan between 18 and 28 August. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Second Anglo-Sikh War These forces joined Edwardes at Multan between 18 and 28 August. To the alarm of several Political Agents, the force from the Sikh Army included a large contingent commanded by Sardar Sher Singh Attariwalla, Chattar Singh's son. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Second Anglo-Sikh War Madras Sappers, Bengal Sappers and the Bombay Sappers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sapper The term "sappers", in addition to the connotation of rank of engineer private, is used collectively to informally refer to the Engineer Corps as a whole and also forms part of the informal names of the three combat engineer groups, viz. Madras Sappers, Bengal Sappers and the Bombay Sappers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sapper Each of these groups consist of about twenty battalion-sized engineer regiments and additional company-sized minor engineer units. The three sapper groups are descended from the sapper and miner groups of the East India Company and later the British Indian Army of the British Raj. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sapper Color schemes are used to create style and appeal. Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. For example, blue and orange. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel According to the ancient Indian texts, Rāmāyana and Mahābhārata, the Vanga Kingdom, one of the namesakes of the Bengal region, was a strong naval power. In the ancient and classical periods of the Indian subcontinent, the territory was home to many principalities, including the Pundra, Gangaridai, Gauda, Samatata, and Harikela. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh By then several of the products came from Patna and the Portuguese send in traders, establishing a factory there since 1580.By the time the Portuguese assured military help against Sher Shah, the Mughals already had started to conquer the Sultanate of Ghiyasuddin Mahmud. Bengal was the wealthiest region in the Indian subcontinent, and its proto-industrial economy showed signs of driving an Industrial revolution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Bengal was one of the first regions in Asia to have a railway. The first railway in what is now Bangladesh began operating in 1862. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Segments of the Bengali elite supported Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's secularist forces. In 1929, the All Bengal Tenants Association was formed in the Bengal Legislative Council to counter the influence of the Hindu landed gentry, and the Indian Independence and Pakistan Movements strengthened during the early 20th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Under international pressure, Pakistan released Rahman from imprisonment on 8 January 1972 and he was flown by the British Royal Air Force to a million-strong homecoming in Dacca. Remaining Indian troops were withdrawn by 12 March 1972, three months after the war ended. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh The Bangladesh Navy has the third-largest fleet of countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal, including guided-missile frigates, submarines, cutters and aircraft. The Bangladesh Air Force is equipped with several Russian multi-role fighter jets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh The Air Force currently has over 60 air stations all over India. These are grouped into 7 commands viz. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Indian Air Force stations The Brazilian PAL-M system, introduced on February 19, 1972, uses the same lines/field as NTSC (525/60), and almost the same broadcast bandwidth and scan frequency (15.750 vs. 15.734 kHz). Prior to the introduction of color, Brazil broadcast in standard black-and-white NTSC. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC Suitably equipped television sets could then employ these data in order to adjust the display to a closer match of the original studio image. The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. A less-used successor to VIR, GCR, also added ghost (multipath interference) removal capabilities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC The arrival of Muslims and the establishment of the Bengal Sultanate further strengthened the military. The sultanate had well organised disciplined armies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Army The sultanate had well organised disciplined armies. During Mughal rule cannons and artillery were introduced to Bengal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Army The British under Robert Clive defeated a 50,000 strong Bengal Army of Nawab Siraj-ud-daullah in the Palashi(Plassey) in 1757 and later the forces of Nawab Mir Qasim at the Battle of Buxar in 1764. The Army of Bengal was formed, which later became part of a united Indian Army from 1895 to 1947. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Army The Army of Bengal was formed, which later became part of a united Indian Army from 1895 to 1947. The eastern part of the British India was a prominent place for military and police recruitment, with entire horse-mounted cavalry and lancer units being recruited there prior to the Bengal Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Army The soldiers were trained in Karachi and shipped to the Bagdad. They fought in the war and after the war helped crush a rebellion by Kurds in 1919.During the Second World War, British Armed Forces Eastern Command created an auxiliary force who were part engineers and part infantry named as Indian Pioneer Corps. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bangladesh Army Its primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during armed conflict. It was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire which honoured India's aviation service during World War II with the prefix Royal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force On 1 April 1933, the IAF commissioned its first squadron, No.1 Squadron, with four Westland Wapiti biplanes and five Indian pilots. The Indian pilots were led by British RAF Commanding officer Flight Lieutenant (later Air Vice Marshal) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force Two of the four PAF Sabres were shot down and one damaged by the IAF's Folland Gnats. On 3 December, India formally declared war against Pakistan following massive preemptive strikes by the PAF against Indian Air Force installations in Srinagar, Ambala, Sirsa, Halwara and Jodhpur. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force On 3 December, India formally declared war against Pakistan following massive preemptive strikes by the PAF against Indian Air Force installations in Srinagar, Ambala, Sirsa, Halwara and Jodhpur. However, the IAF did not suffer significantly because the leadership had anticipated such a move and precautions were taken. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force Within the first two weeks, the IAF had carried out almost 12,000 sorties over East Pakistan and also provided close air support to the advancing Indian Army. IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in its operations against the Pakistani Navy and Maritime Security Agency in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force IAF also assisted the Indian Navy in its operations against the Pakistani Navy and Maritime Security Agency in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. On the western front, the IAF destroyed more than 20 Pakistani tanks, 4 APCs and a supply train during the Battle of Longewala. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force In 1987, the IAF supported the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) in northern and eastern Sri Lanka in Operation Pawan. About 70,000 sorties were flown by the IAF's transport and helicopter force in support of nearly 100,000 troops and paramilitary forces without a single aircraft lost or mission aborted. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force On 11 May 1999, the Indian Air Force was called in to provide close air support to the Indian Army at the height of the ongoing Kargil conflict with the use of helicopters. The IAF strike was code named Operation Safed Sagar. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force India claimed that the Atlantic was on a mission to gather information on IAF air defence, a charge emphatically rejected by Pakistan which argued that the unarmed aircraft was on a training mission. On 2 August 2002, the Indian Air Force bombed Pakistani posts along the Line of Control in the Kel sector, following inputs about Pakistani military buildup near the sector. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force The aircraft belonged to the Veiled Vipers squadron based at Hindon Air Force Station. On 13 July 2014, two MiG-21s were sent from Jodhpur Air Base to investigate a Turkish Airlines aircraft over Jaisalmer when it repeated an identification code, provided by another commercial passenger plane that had already entered Indian airspace before it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force On 13 July 2014, two MiG-21s were sent from Jodhpur Air Base to investigate a Turkish Airlines aircraft over Jaisalmer when it repeated an identification code, provided by another commercial passenger plane that had already entered Indian airspace before it. The flights were on their way to Mumbai and Delhi, and the planes were later allowed to proceed after their credentials were verified. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force They were intercepted by a group of IAF fighters consisting of Su-30MKI and MiG-21 jets. An ensuing dogfight began. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force The Garuds also undertake suppression of enemy air defences and the destruction of other enemy assets such as radars, evaluation of the outcomes of Indian airstrikes and use laser designators to guide Indian airstrikes. The security of IAF installations and assets are usually performed by the Air Force Police and the Defence Security Corps even though some critical assets are protected by the Garuds. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force The Indian Armed Forces have set up numerous military academies across India for training its personnel, such as the National Defence Academy (NDA). Besides the tri-service institutions, the Indian Air Force has a Training Command and several training establishments. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force Besides the tri-service institutions, the Indian Air Force has a Training Command and several training establishments. While technical and other support staff are trained at various Ground Training Schools, the pilots are trained at the Air Force Academy, Dundigul (located in Hyderabad). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Indian Air Force In 2001, the same authors announced an alternative proof, by proving the snark conjecture. This proof remains unpublished, however. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem Kempe also showed correctly that G can have no vertex of degree 4. As before we remove the vertex v and four-color the remaining vertices. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem Books on cartography and the history of mapmaking do not mention the four-color property" (Wilson 2014, 2). The theorem also does not guarantee the usual cartographic requirement that non-contiguous regions of the same country (such as the exclave Kaliningrad and the rest of Russia) be colored identically. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem On behalf of Bangladesh, Air Commodore A. K. Khandker acted as witness to the surrender. Lieutenant Jacob Rafael Jacob, Chief of Staff of the Indian Eastern Command, along with the other commanders of Indian naval and air forces, acted as witnesses on behalf of India. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Victory day of Bangladesh The color fuchsia was first introduced as the color of a new aniline dye called fuchsine, patented in 1859 by the French chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin. The dye was renamed magenta later in the same year, to celebrate a victory of the French army at the Battle of Magenta on June 4, 1859, near the Italian city of that name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fuchsia (color) There is no actual contradiction, as these arguments have a crucial flaw that makes them incorrect. This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) All horses are the same color In 2017, HAL CMD reported that HAL will soon sign a contract for 106 HTT-40 aircraft and deliver it to the air force. In May 2020, Chief of the Air Staff ACM Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria announced the plan to shelve the order for additional Pilatus PC-7 for the indigenous HAL HTT-40. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Future of the Indian Air Force The air-launched version for the Indian Air Force is ready for testing. The IAF has signed a contract with Russia to upgrade 40 Su-30MKIs to give them the capability of carrying the BrahMos cruise missile by 2012.DRDO has also developed the nuclear capable Nirbhay cruise missile, which is capable of hitting target at 1000 km to 1500 km far at 2 m accuracy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Future of the Indian Air Force ADA has completed design work on an Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), which is a twin-engined 5 generation stealth multirole fighter with the capability to fly unmanned. It will complement the HAL Tejas, the Sukhoi Su-30MKI, MWF and the Dassault Rafale in the Indian Air Force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Future of the Indian Air Force It is a further development of the HAL Tejas, or Light Combat Aircraft (LCA), programme which began in the 1980s to replace India's ageing MiG-21 fighters. The Tejas Mk 2 is being designed to replace multiple strike-fighters like SEPECAT Jaguars, Dassault Mirage-2000 & MiG-29 of Indian Air Force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Future of the Indian Air Force The delivery followed successful completion of ground and flight tests of the aircraft which met operational targets established by both Embraer and Centre for Airborne Systems (CABS) of Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO). Later, the aircraft will be delivered to the Indian Air Force after integration of missions systems of DRDO by CABS in India. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Future of the Indian Air Force Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. The terms protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia come from Greek, and respectively mean "inability to see (anopia) with the first (prot-), second (deuter-), or third (trit-) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness They may apply to the FAA to take a specialized test, administered by the FAA. Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness 18 to 24 different regiments of the Indian Army in addition to the Navy, and Air Force (total nearly 55)) with their bands march past in all their finery and official decorations. The President of India who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces, takes the salute. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Delhi Republic Day parade Twelve contingents of various para-military forces of India and other civil forces also take part in this parade. One of the unique sights of the parade is the camel mounted Border Security Force contingent, which is the only camel mounted military force in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Delhi Republic Day parade One of the unique sights of the parade is the camel mounted Border Security Force contingent, which is the only camel mounted military force in the world. The best N.C.C. cadets, selected from all over the country consider it an honour to participate in this event, as do the school children from various schools in the capital. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Delhi Republic Day parade It is performed by the bands of the three wings of the military, the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. The venue is Raisina Hills and an adjacent square, Vijay Chowk, flanked by the north and south block of the Rashtrapati Bhavan (President's Palace) towards the end of Rajpath. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Delhi Republic Day parade It is a color often associated with sunshine or joy. It is sometimes used in association with cowardice or fear, i.e., the phrase "yellow-bellied". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism Marshal of the Air Force is ranked immediately above Air Chief Marshal. It is a ceremonial or wartime rank, having been awarded only once. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Marshal of the Indian Air Force The British assembled two divisions from their Bengal Army led by Sir Harry Fane and another force of a single division led from Bombay by Sir John Keane. The Bombay Army, numbering some 6,000 men, would sail by sea and land near the Indus river and then march into Afghanistan to join Fane's forces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Battle of Ghazni The Bengal Army, which now numbered some 9,500 men, would march inland towards Quetta after assembling in Ferozpur. In Quetta, it would link up with the Bombay Army and then invade Afghanistan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Battle of Ghazni The Bombay Army landed near the Indus river in December 1838 and continued to march until it met with the Bengal Army in Quetta. The Invasion force was short on supplies due to taking the longer southern route into Afghanistan, and also because many British supply convoys were lost to harassing attacks by tribesman in Baluchistan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Battle of Ghazni The battle honour is not considered to be repugnant. The honour was awarded to all native Indian units which were employed in the reduction of the fortress: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Battle of Ghazni On 1 April 1933, the IAF commissioned its first squadron, No.1 Squadron, with four Westland Wapiti biplanes and five Indian pilots. The Indian pilots were led by RAF Commanding officer Flight Lieutenant (later Air Vice Marshal) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force Subhas Chandra Bose sent Indian National Army youth cadets to Japan to train as pilots. They went on to attend the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy in 1944.In recognition of the valiant service by the IAF, King George VI conferred the prefix "Royal" in 1945. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force After the 1965 War, the Indian Air Force went through an intense phase of modernisation and consolidation. With newly acquired HF-24, MiG-21 and Sukhoi Su-7BM (though the versions of these acquired between 1965 and 1971 did not have night-fight capability) aircraft, the IAF was able to measure up to the most powerful air forces in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force 3 December saw the formal declaration of war following massive, but failed preemptive strikes by the Pakistan Air Force against Indian Air Force installations in the west. The PAF targets were against Indian bases in Srinagar, Ambala, Sirsa, Halwara and Jodhpur on the lines of Operation Focus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force The IAF supported the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) in northern and eastern Sri Lanka. About 70,000 sorties were flown by the IAF's transport and helicopter force in support of nearly 100,000 troops and paramilitary forces without a single aircraft lost or mission aborted. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force Srinagar Airport was at this time closed to civilian air-traffic and dedicated to the Indian Air Force. On 27 May, the first fatalities were suffered when a MiG-21 and a MiG-27 jets were lost over Batalik Sector to enemy action and mechanical failure, respectively. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force The helicopters were immediately withdrawn from offensive roles as a measure against the man-portable missiles in possession of the infiltrators. On 30 May, the Indian Air Force called into operation the Mirage 2000 which was deemed the best aircraft capable of optimum performance under the conditions of high-altitude seen in the zone of conflict. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of the Indian Air Force It was recruited from Bengalis, Bhumihar, Bihari Rajputs and Pathan (Pashtun) soldiers that had served in the Nawab's Army from Bihar and the Awadh (Oudh) who were collectively called Purbiyas. Drilled and armed along British army lines this force served well at the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and 20 more Indian battalions were raised by 1764. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bengal Army In 1766 the Monghyr Mutiny, quelled by Robert Clive, affected many of the white officers of the Bengal Army. The EIC steadily expanded its Bengal Army and by 1796 the establishment was set at three battalions of European artillery, three regiments of European infantry, ten regiments of Indian cavalry and twelve regiments (each of two battalions) of Indian infantry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bengal Army On average an inch and a half taller and a stone heavier than the southern Indian troops, the Bengal sepoy was highly regarded by a military establishment that tended to evaluate its soldiers by physical appearance. A new feature in the Bengal Army was the creation of irregular infantry and cavalry regiments during the 1840s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bengal Army A total of 64 Bengal Army regular infantry and cavalry regiments rebelled during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, or were disbanded after their continued loyalty was considered doubtful. From 1858 onwards the actual high-caste Awadhi, Bengali and Bihari Hindu presence in the Bengal Army was reduced because of their perceived primary role as "mutineers" in the 1857 rebellion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bengal Army In 1903 the separately numbered regiments of the Bombay, Madras and Bengal Armies were unified in a single organisational sequence and the presidency affiliations disappeared. The Bengal infantry units in existence at the end of the Presidency era continued as the senior regiments (1st Brahmans to 48th Pioneers) of the newly unified Indian Army. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bengal Army The Sikhs from the army saw the British troops coming in and attacked them with full force. The Sikhs won the battle but soon they surrendered as there was a very small force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Second Anglo-Sikh War No 1079 of 1910. Forty of the honoured units of the Bengal Army were consumed by the Mutiny. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Second Anglo-Sikh War
3113.	Q: Did the skiers at the 2016 and 2014 Winter Olympics have their number across their chests? Title = FIS Ski Weltcup Titisee-Neustadt 2016 - Stefan Kraft2 Description = Title = Women's downhill, 2014 Winter Olympics, podium Description = A: Yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: 2022 Winter Olympics, Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics, Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics, 2014 Winter Olympics medal table, 2018 Winter Olympics, List of Olympic Games host cities, Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament, 2014 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympic Games, Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Toggle details	The breakdown of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics costs === --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) 2014 Winter Olympics There have been a number of concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) 2022 Winter Olympics There were many controversies and concerns affecting the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Votes results of the 2014 Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympics == --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics were the most expensive Games in the history of the Olympics. --- (0.3, 0.0, 0.3) 2014 Winter Olympics The following cities expressed interest in bidding but withdrew their 2014 Winter Olympics bids or decided not to bid. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The IIHF selected 14 referees and 14 linesmen to work the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The IIHF selected 14 referees and 14 linesmen to work the 2014 Winter Olympics. They were the following: --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament In most regions, broadcast rights to the 2014 Winter Olympics were packaged together with broadcast rights for the 2016 Summer Olympics, but some broadcasters obtained rights to further games as well. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) 2014 Winter Olympics During the 2014 Winter Olympics, six athletes tested positive for banned substances and were sent home from the Games. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics On 18 July 2016, the McLaren Report was published alleging that the Russian government had sanctioned the use of performance-enhancing drugs by Russian athletes in the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table As of October 2013, the estimated combined cost of the 2014 Winter Olympics had topped US$51 billion. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics featured 98 events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) 2014 Winter Olympics Pyeongchang was eventually chosen to host the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics It became the first city to host a Winter Olympics twice. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Winter Olympic Games Ticket prices for the 2018 Winter Olympics were announced in April 2016 and tickets went on sale in October 2016. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) 2018 Winter Olympics The number of athletes who qualified per country is listed in the table below (number of athletes shown in parentheses). Seven nations made their Winter Olympics debut: --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) 2014 Winter Olympics It was also the first Winter Olympics to be held in mainland Asia. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) 2018 Winter Olympics Norway won a total of 39 medals, setting a new record for the highest number of medals won at a single Winter Olympics. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) 2018 Winter Olympics The men's tournament in ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held in Sochi, Russia between 12–23 February 2014. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially called the XXII Olympic Winter Games (French: Les XXIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) 2014 Winter Olympics This was the first time that Russia had hosted a Winter Olympics. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Winter Olympic Games This was the first time that Russia had hosted a Winter Olympics. The Games took place from 7 to 23 February 2014. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Winter Olympic Games Sochi, Russia, was selected as the host city for the 2014 Winter Olympics over Salzburg, Austria, and Pyeongchang, South Korea. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Winter Olympic Games Qualification for the women's tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics was determined by the IIHF World Ranking following the 2012 IIHF Women's World Championships. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics China became the ninth country to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 2022 Winter Olympics In 2018, Russia's President Vladimir Putin admitted that he ordered the shooting down of a passenger plane that was reportedly carrying a bomb and targeting the opening of the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics They are demanding the Sochi 2014 Olympics be cancelled or moved unless Russia apologises for what the Circassians regard to be a genocide. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics "I can give you a guarantee to protect the Winter Olympics next year. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics This is the first time that the Russian Federation has hosted the Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 2014 Winter Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 7 February 2014 at Fisht Olympic Stadium, an indoor arena built specifically for the ceremonies. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) 2014 Winter Olympics World War II interrupted the holding of the Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Winter Olympic Games The Italian city of Turin hosted the 2006 Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Winter Olympic Games Beijing will be the first city ever to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Winter Olympic Games They started by randomly testing athletes at the 1968 Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Winter Olympic Games Speed skiing was demonstrated in Albertville at the 1992 Winter Olympics. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Winter Olympic Games Therefore, there was a need to build a second village on a smaller scale for the Winter Olympics. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2022 Winter Olympics In the second round of voting, Pyeongchang garnered 47 votes but Sochi received most of the votes originally cast for Salzburg and gained 51 votes, winning the bid for the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics After winning the election, Pyeongchang became the third Asian city to host the Winter Olympics. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2018 Winter Olympics On 5 December 2017, the IOC announced that the Russian Olympic Committee had been suspended due to the Russian doping scandal and the investigation into the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2018 Winter Olympics In Australia, after all three major commercial networks pulled out of bidding on rights to both the 2014 and 2016 Games due to cost concerns, the IOC awarded broadcast rights to just the 2014 Winter Olympics to Network Ten for A$20 million. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics featured 98 events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. A total of twelve new events were contested, making it the largest Winter Olympics to date. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) 2014 Winter Olympics In 1980 the Winter Olympics returned to Lake Placid, which had hosted the 1932 Games. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Winter Olympic Games The 2022 Winter Olympics will take place between 4 and 20 February 2022. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Winter Olympic Games Sochi, Russia, was selected as the host city for the 2014 Winter Olympics over Salzburg, Austria, and Pyeongchang, South Korea. This was the first time that Russia had hosted a Winter Olympics. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Winter Olympic Games Qualification for the men's tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics was determined by the IIHF World Ranking following the 2012 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Salzburg was eliminated with only 25 votes. In the second round of voting, Pyeongchang garnered 47 votes but Sochi received most of the votes originally cast for Salzburg and gained 51 votes, winning the bid for the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics 43 Russian athletes were disqualified from the 2014 Winter Olympics and banned from competing in the 2018 edition and all other future Olympic Games as part of the Oswald Commission. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table This was South Korea's third consecutive bid for the Winter Olympics, having been defeated by Vancouver and Sochi respectively in the final rounds of voting for the 2010 and 2014 Games. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2018 Winter Olympics The Games featured 102 events over 15 disciplines, a record number of events for the Winter Games. This is the first Winter Olympics record in Olympic history to award more than 100 medals. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2018 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially called the XXII Olympic Winter Games (French: Les XXIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) (Russian: XXII Олимпийские зимние игры, tr. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2014 Winter Olympics A record 88 nations qualified to compete, which beat the previous record of 82 set at the previous Winter Olympics in Vancouver. The number of athletes who qualified per country is listed in the table below (number of athletes shown in parentheses). --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2014 Winter Olympics In most regions, broadcast rights to the 2014 Winter Olympics were packaged together with broadcast rights for the 2016 Summer Olympics, but some broadcasters obtained rights to further games as well. Domestic broadcast rights were sold by Sportfive to a consortium of three Russian broadcasters; Channel One, VGTRK, and NTV Plus. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 2014 Winter Olympics Norway led the total medal standings with 39, the highest number of medals by a nation in any Winter Olympics, followed by Germany's 31 and Canada's 29. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Winter Olympic Games The ice hockey competitions of the 2014 Winter Olympics were played at two venues, located 300 meters from the other, within the Olympic Park in Sochi, Russia. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics In some countries, broadcast rights to the 2022 Winter Olympics are already agreed upon through existing long-term deals. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2022 Winter Olympics Russia originally planned to have two orca whales perform in the opening ceremonies of the Sochi 2014 Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Seven applicant cities presented bids to host the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (formally known as XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games) to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, were a winter multi-sport event held in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table Slovenia won its first Winter Olympics gold medal ever, in alpine skiing. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table The PyeongChang Olympics 2018 is the first Asian Winter Olympics held in the 21st century. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2018 Winter Olympics The Games featured 102 events over 15 disciplines, a record number of events for the Winter Games. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2018 Winter Olympics Ticket prices for the 2018 Winter Olympics were announced in April 2016 and tickets went on sale in October 2016. Event tickets ranged in price from ₩20,000 South Korean won (approx. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2018 Winter Olympics The number of athletes who qualified per country is listed in the table below (number of athletes shown in parentheses). Six nations made their Winter Olympics debut: Ecuador, Eritrea, Kosovo, Malaysia, Nigeria and Singapore. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2018 Winter Olympics The program was active during the Winter Olympics in Sochi, and athletes had benefited from the cover-up. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2014 Winter Olympics A total of twelve new events were contested, making it the largest Winter Olympics to date. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2014 Winter Olympics The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games This was the last time the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same country in the same year. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games After not being able to host the games in 1944, Cortina d'Ampezzo was selected to organise the 1956 Winter Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games The 1976 Winter Olympics had initially been awarded in 1970 to Denver, Colorado in the United States. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games In 2003 the IOC awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics to Vancouver, thus allowing Canada to host its second Winter Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games The subsequent investigation uncovered inconsistencies in the bids for every Olympics (both Summer and Winter) since 1988. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games For example, the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, cost $3.6 billion to host. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games By comparison, the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, cost $12.5 billion. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games Because of its role in World War II, Germany was not allowed to compete at the 1948 Winter Olympics. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games The addition of these events has broadened the appeal of the Winter Olympics beyond Europe and North America. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Winter Olympic Games China became the third Asian country to host the Winter Olympics after Japan and South Korea. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2022 Winter Olympics Public reception to the application for funding had been highly negative due to cost concerns after the cost overruns of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, and especially revelations about a series of hospitality-related demands that the IOC had reportedly made. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2022 Winter Olympics The individual parallel special slalom events were featured at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, but were dropped from the Olympic program in 2018 to make way for the snowboarding big air competitions. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2022 Winter Olympics This is the first Winter Olympics record in Olympic history to award more than 100 medals. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2018 Winter Olympics Since then, South Korea made great progress in preparing to host the Winter Olympics and succeeded in hosting the 2018 Olympics after three challenges. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2018 Winter Olympics The previous record of seven Winter Olympics was held by Russian luger Albert Demchenko. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2018 Winter Olympics Russia's participation in the 2018 Winter Olympics was affected by the aftermath of its state-sponsored doping program. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2018 Winter Olympics Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. Since then, South Korea made great progress in preparing to host the Winter Olympics and succeeded in hosting the 2018 Olympics after three challenges. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2018 Winter Olympics The men's tournament in ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held in Sochi, Russia between 12–23 February 2014. For the fifth consecutive Olympics, players from the National Hockey League participated. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament In its final budget published in June 2014, Olimpstroy—the state corporation that oversaw the Sochi Olympics development—reported the total allocated funds for the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics of 1,524 billion rubles (US$49.5 billion). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2014 Winter Olympics The International Paralympic Committee suspended the Russian Paralympic Committee and banned the team from the 2016 Summer Paralympics. On 5 December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, thus banning it from sending athletes under the Russian flag to the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2014 Winter Olympics Her career total of six gold medals set a record for Winter Olympics athletes. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Winter Olympic Games Sapporo, Japan, and Gothenburg, Sweden, were front-runners to host the 1984 Winter Olympics. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Winter Olympic Games He shares the record for most appearances in ice hockey at the Olympics, 2014 was his 6th Olympiad. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Beijing will be the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, having previously hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics, and it will be the eleventh city to host the Olympic Games twice. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2022 Winter Olympics The 2022 Winter Olympics are scheduled to include a record 109 events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2022 Winter Olympics Pussy Riot members have urged politicians attending the Winter Olympics to criticise human rights abuses in Russia. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The man, who appeared to be severely intoxicated, was detained by police and taken to the Istanbul Security Headquarters. In 2018, Russia's President Vladimir Putin admitted that he ordered the shooting down of a passenger plane that was reportedly carrying a bomb and targeting the opening of the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Russia originally planned to have two orca whales perform in the opening ceremonies of the Sochi 2014 Olympics. They were two of eight whales captured off the coast of Russia. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics "I can give you a guarantee to protect the Winter Olympics next year. The Chechen groups that threaten the security of the games are controlled by us," he allegedly said. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Slovenia won its first Winter Olympics gold medal ever, in alpine skiing. This was also the first Winter Olympic gold medal tie. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table In December 2016, following the release of the McLaren Report on Russian doping at the Sochi Olympics, the International Olympic Committee announced the initiation of an investigation of 28 Russian athletes at the Sochi Olympic Games. The number later rose to 46. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table By hosting this event, South Korea became the second Asian country to host the Winter Olympics (after Japan in 1972). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics Also, South Korea became the second country in Asia to host both the Summer (1988 Seoul Olympics) and Winter Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics The Alpensia Sports Park in Daegwallyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang, was the focus of the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium on 9 February 2018. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics The closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium on 25 February 2018. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2018 Winter Olympics The 2014 Olympics is the first "fabric-enabled" Games using Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) technology. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2014 Winter Olympics A record 88 nations qualified to compete, which beat the previous record of 82 set at the previous Winter Olympics in Vancouver. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2014 Winter Olympics As of October 2013, the estimated combined cost of the 2014 Winter Olympics had topped US$51 billion. This amount included the cost for Olympic games themselves and cost of Sochi infrastructural projects (roads, railroads, power plants). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 2014 Winter Olympics Chiharu Igaya won the first Winter Olympics medal for Japan and the continent of Asia when he placed second in the slalom. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games Held in the French town of Grenoble, the 1968 Winter Olympics were the first Olympic Games to be broadcast in colour. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games The PRC, on the other hand, returned to the Olympics for the first time since 1952 and made its Winter Olympic debut. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games The 1994 Winter Olympics, held in Lillehammer, Norway, were the first Winter Games to be held in a different year from the Summer Games. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympics have been an ideological front in the Cold War since the Soviet Union first participated at the 1956 Winter Games. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games Unlike the Summer Olympics, the cancelled 1940 Winter Olympics and 1944 Winter Olympics are not included in the official Roman numeral counts for the Winter Games. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games In 1967 the IOC began enacting drug testing protocols. They started by randomly testing athletes at the 1968 Winter Olympics. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Winter Olympic Games In October 2020, British Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab suggested the United Kingdom may boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2022 Winter Olympics China's use of trade sanctions and economic coercion against Australia has led to increased calls within Australia to boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2022 Winter Olympics China became the third Asian country to host the Winter Olympics after Japan and South Korea. China became the ninth country to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2022 Winter Olympics The city project includes the use of four existing indoor venues that were built for the 2008 Summer Olympics, and the Beijing National Stadium (commonly known as the "Bird's Nest") will be used again as the ceremonies venue. There have been a number of concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2022 Winter Olympics On 20 February 2014 the Ukrainian NOC reported that as many as half of the 45 Ukrainian athletes at the Olympics had left the games to return home. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The stray dogs will be collected from the streets and put in a shelter. Russia originally planned to have two orca whales perform in the opening ceremonies of the Sochi 2014 Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics This included security of winter olympics in Sochi if there is no accord. "I can give you a guarantee to protect the Winter Olympics next year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics In the second and final round, Pyeongchang received 47 votes but Sochi received 51 votes and was therefore chosen as the host of the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The Russian Black Sea resort bid for the Winter Olympics for the second time after failing to make the shortlist in 2002. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics 3 cases have been closed without sanction and without official disclosing the names of suspected athletes. 43 Russian athletes were disqualified from the 2014 Winter Olympics and banned from competing in the 2018 edition and all other future Olympic Games as part of the Oswald Commission. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table 43 Russian athletes were disqualified from the 2014 Winter Olympics and banned from competing in the 2018 edition and all other future Olympic Games as part of the Oswald Commission. All but one of these athletes appealed against their bans to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table After a state-sponsored doping program was exposed following the 2014 Winter Olympics, the Russian Olympic Committee was suspended, but selected athletes were allowed to compete neutrally under the special IOC designation of "Olympic Athletes from Russia" (OAR) provided they could meet certain anti-doping requirements. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics On 4 October 2011, it was announced that the Organizing Committee for the 2018 Winter Olympics would be headed by Kim Jin-sun. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics The IOC Coordination Commission for the 2018 Winter Olympics made their first visit to Pyeongchang in March 2012. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics The 2018 Winter Olympics featured 102 events over 15 disciplines in 7 sports, making it the first Winter Olympics to surpass 100 medal events. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics Six nations made their Winter Olympics debut: Ecuador, Eritrea, Kosovo, Malaysia, Nigeria and Singapore. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics This was South Korea's third consecutive bid for the Winter Olympics, having been defeated by Vancouver and Sochi respectively in the final rounds of voting for the 2010 and 2014 Games. Earlier, PyeongChang lost to Vancouver with a difference of 3 votes in bidding the 2010 Olympics, and lost to Sochi with a difference of 4 votes in bidding the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2018 Winter Olympics In December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, with an option for whitelisted athletes to compete independently during the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics Duma Svetlana Zhurova has stated that the 2014 Sochi Olympics were Vladimir Putin's personal project to showcase Russia to the world. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics In the United States, the 2014 Winter Olympics were the first in a new, US$4.38 billion contract with NBCUniversal, extending its broadcast rights to the Olympic Games through 2020.In Canada, after losing the 2010 and 2012 Games to Bell Media and Rogers Media, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation re-gained broadcast rights to the Olympics for the first time since 2008, gaining rights to the 2014 and 2016 Games. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics Russia was not banned from the 2016 Olympics by the IOC, the decision that was widely criticized by both athletes and writers; the IOC only required Russia's athletes to be cleared by an internal panel and their respective sports federations. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics On 5 December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, thus banning it from sending athletes under the Russian flag to the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics This is the first time that the Russian Federation has hosted the Winter Olympics. The Soviet Union was the host of the 1980 Summer Olympics held in and around Moscow. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2014 Winter Olympics Also, the Winter Olympic Games have been held just once each in Germany (1936), Yugoslavia (1984), Russia (2014), and South Korea (2018). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The IOC has selected Beijing, China, to host the 2022 Winter Olympics and the Italian cities of Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo to host the 2026 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games Germany remained banned until 1925, and instead hosted a series of games called Deutsche Kampfspiele, starting with the winter edition of 1922 (which predated the first Winter Olympics). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games In 1925 the IOC decided to create a separate winter event and the 1924 games in Chamonix was retroactively designated as the first Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games She became the youngest Olympic champion in history, a distinction she held for 70 years, and went on to defend her title at the next two Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The next Winter Olympics, held in Lake Placid, New York, United States was the first to be hosted outside of Europe. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games These were the first Winter Games to be televised, and the first Olympics ever broadcast to an international audience, though no television rights were sold until the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games In 1988, the Canadian city of Calgary hosted the first Winter Olympics to span three weekends, lasting for a total of 16 days. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games It was the second time the Games were held in Norway, after the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, and the first time the Olympic Truce was observed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The 1998 Winter Olympics were held in the Japanese city of Nagano and were the first Games to host more than 2,000 athletes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games This was the first time that South Korea had been selected to host a Winter Olympics and it was the second time the Olympics were held in the country overall, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games Host nation South Korea won seventeen medals, its highest medal haul at a Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The 2026 Winter Olympics will be in Milan-Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy and take place between 6 and 22 February 2026. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The organising committee had hoped that the exposure gained from hosting the Winter Olympics, and the improved access to Nagano from Tokyo, would benefit the local economy for years afterwards. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi's Russian Doping Scandal has resulted in the International Olympic Committee to begin disciplinary proceedings against 28 (later increased to 46) Russian athletes who competed at the 2014 Winter Games in Sochi, Russia, acting on evidence that their urine samples were tampered with. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Games have had only one national team boycott when Taiwan decided not to participate in the 1980 Winter Olympics held in Lake Placid. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games It became the first city to host a Winter Olympics twice. Twenty-eight countries competed in Switzerland, but athletes from Germany and Japan were not invited. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The 1976 Winter Olympics had initially been awarded in 1970 to Denver, Colorado in the United States. These Games would have coincided with the year of Colorado's centennial and the United States Bicentennial. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games In 1980 the Winter Olympics returned to Lake Placid, which had hosted the 1932 Games. Cyprus made their Olympic debut at the games. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The Italian city of Turin hosted the 2006 Winter Olympics. It was the second time that Italy had hosted the Winter Olympic Games. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games Norway led the total medal standings with 39, the highest number of medals by a nation in any Winter Olympics, followed by Germany's 31 and Canada's 29. Host nation South Korea won seventeen medals, its highest medal haul at a Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games Beijing will be the first city ever to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. The 2022 Winter Olympics will take place between 4 and 20 February 2022. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games Since 1992 a number of new sports have been added to the Olympic programme; which include short track speed skating, snowboarding, freestyle and moguls skiing. The addition of these events has broadened the appeal of the Winter Olympics beyond Europe and North America. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games A sled-dog race was held at Lake Placid in 1932. Speed skiing was demonstrated in Albertville at the 1992 Winter Olympics. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Winter Olympic Games The ice hockey competitions of the 2014 Winter Olympics were played at two venues, located 300 meters from the other, within the Olympic Park in Sochi, Russia. The Bolshoy Ice Dome, which seats 12,000, resembles a Fabergé egg. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics In biathlon, a single mixed relay was proposed by the International Biathlon Union (IBU) to complement the four-person mixed relay that featured at the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2022 Winter Olympics In July 2018, the IOC announced changes to the program for the 2022 Winter Olympics as part of a goal to increase the participation of women, and appeal to younger audiences. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2022 Winter Olympics Holding rights to both events will prevent them from competing for viewership and advertising sales, and also allow NBC to create synergies and advertising packages for them (as it did during Super Bowl LII, which was played prior to the 2018 Winter Olympics and also televised by NBC). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2022 Winter Olympics In a July 30, 2020 letter, the World Uyghur Congress urged the IOC to reconsider holding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing because of the Uyghur genocide. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2022 Winter Olympics Although attending the Winter Olympics has not historically been a priority for world leaders, there was still speculation that their non-attendance was a symbolic boycott of Russian policies. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Algeria also chose not to enter its only competitor, Mehdi-Selim Khelifi, because he was the only one that managed to qualify, even though he was their only entry four years prior at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Pussy Riot members have urged politicians attending the Winter Olympics to criticise human rights abuses in Russia. According to Amnesty International people are being targeted for peacefully speaking their minds. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The issue of stray dogs has come up before the Olympics. On 3 February 2014, the city hired a firm to exterminate the stray population – an approach that has brought international condemnation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics This was the second time that South Korea had hosted the Olympic Games, having previously hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, but it was the first Winter Olympics to be held in the country. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2018 Winter Olympics The 2018 Winter Olympics were used to showcase 5G wireless technologies, as part of a collaboration between domestic wireless sponsor KT, and worldwide sponsor Intel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2018 Winter Olympics Since then, South Korea made great progress in preparing to host the Winter Olympics and succeeded in hosting the 2018 Olympics after three challenges. After winning the election, Pyeongchang became the third Asian city to host the Winter Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2018 Winter Olympics Norway won a total of 39 medals, setting a new record for the highest number of medals won at a single Winter Olympics. Their 39th medal was the gold won by cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen in the 30 km classical event. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2018 Winter Olympics Subsequently, the international governing body, Federation of International Bandy, decided that Irkutsk and Shelekhov in Russia would host the 2014 Bandy World Championship just before the Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics A number of security organizations and forces began stationing in and around Sochi in January 2014; Russia's Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) was stationed in Sochi for the Games beginning on 7 January 2014. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics For 11 other athletes, the CAS decided that there was sufficient evidence to uphold their Sochi sanctions, but reduced their lifetime bans to only the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics were the most expensive Games in the history of the Olympics. While originally budgeted at US$12 billion, major cost overruns caused this figure to expand to US$51 billion, more than three times the cost of the 2012 London Olympics and even surpassing the estimated cost of US$44 billion for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics Dmitry Kozak was the main overseer for the events in Sochi. In its final budget published in June 2014, Olimpstroy—the state corporation that oversaw the Sochi Olympics development—reported the total allocated funds for the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics of 1,524 billion rubles (US$49.5 billion). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics Seven nations made their Winter Olympics debut: Dominica, Malta, Paraguay, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, and Zimbabwe. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 2014 Winter Olympics Salt Lake City, previously a candidate for the 1972 Winter Olympics, then put itself forward, but the IOC opted instead to invite Innsbruck to host the 1976 Games, as most of the infrastructure from the 1964 Games had been maintained. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games For the first time, Canada won a gold medal at an Olympic Games it hosted, having failed to do so at both the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games On 6 July 2011, Pyeongchang, South Korea, was selected to host the 2018 Winter Olympics over Munich, Germany, and Annecy, France. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games The lead-up to the 2018 Winter Olympics was affected by the tensions between North and South Korea and the ongoing Russian doping scandal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games The results are: more parity in the national medal tables; more interest in the Winter Olympics; and higher global television ratings. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Also, the Winter Olympic Games have been held just once each in Germany (1936), Yugoslavia (1984), Russia (2014), and South Korea (2018). The IOC has selected Beijing, China, to host the 2022 Winter Olympics and the Italian cities of Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo to host the 2026 Winter Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games This was the last time the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same country in the same year. Alpine skiing made its Olympic debut, but skiing teachers were barred from entering because they were considered to be professionals. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games He was able to recover and light the cauldron. These were the first Winter Games to be televised, and the first Olympics ever broadcast to an international audience, though no television rights were sold until the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Sapporo, Japan, and Gothenburg, Sweden, were front-runners to host the 1984 Winter Olympics. It was therefore a surprise when Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, was selected as host. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Lillehammer is the northernmost city to ever host the Winter Games. It was the second time the Games were held in Norway, after the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, and the first time the Olympic Truce was observed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games The 2022 Winter Olympics will take place between 4 and 20 February 2022. The 2026 Winter Olympics will be in Milan-Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy and take place between 6 and 22 February 2026. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games For example, the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, cost $3.6 billion to host. By comparison, the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, cost $12.5 billion. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games They subsequently left the Olympics in protest, just before the opening ceremonies. Taiwan returned to Olympic competition at the 1984 Winter Games in Sarajevo as Chinese Taipei. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Speed skiing was demonstrated in Albertville at the 1992 Winter Olympics. Winter pentathlon, a variant of the modern pentathlon, was included as a demonstration event at the 1948 Games in Switzerland. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Unlike the Summer Olympics, the cancelled 1940 Winter Olympics and 1944 Winter Olympics are not included in the official Roman numeral counts for the Winter Games. While the official titles of the Summer Games count Olympiads, the titles of the Winter Games only count the Games themselves. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Winter Olympic Games Canada men's and Canada women's national teams went through the tournament undefeated repeating its gold medalist achievements at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics He increased the Olympic record for total ice hockey points, to 43. He shares the record for most appearances in ice hockey at the Olympics, 2014 was his 6th Olympiad. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Qualification for the men's tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics was determined by the IIHF World Ranking following the 2012 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships. The top nine teams in the World Ranking received automatic berths into the Olympics, while all other teams had an opportunity to qualify for the remaining three spots in the Olympics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics As a result of the ban, WADA plans to allow individually cleared Russian athletes to take part in the 2020 Summer Olympics under a neutral banner, as instigated at the 2018 Winter Olympics, but they will not be permitted to compete in team sports. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 Winter Olympics In April 2021, the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom recommended that U.S. government officials boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics "if the Chinese government's crackdown on religious freedom continues. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 Winter Olympics In a nationwide survey conducted in March 2021, 54% of Canadians said the country should boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, while 24% believed it should not and 21% were not sure. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 Winter Olympics Therefore, there was a need to build a second village on a smaller scale for the Winter Olympics. These new buildings were located in the southern area of Olympic Green on the area of the National Olympic Sports Center. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2022 Winter Olympics On 30 January 2014, nine Amnesty International European directors delivered a petition in Moscow to the offices of Russian President Vladimir Putin calling on him to repeal a series of laws restricting the right to freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of association in the run up to the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Human Rights Watch has repeatedly presented the IOC detailed evidence of documented human rights abuses linked to Russia's preparations for the 2014 Winter Games since 2009. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The minister of sport and president of South Korea have both promised action in rooting out corruption and feuding at the organization that may have led to his "defection", in a bid to clean it up in preparation for the 2018 Winter Olympics in South Korea. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics On 7 February 2014, during the opening ceremony and one day after the start of the 2014 Winter Olympics, a man attempted to hijack Pegasus Airlines Flight 751 that was on a flight from Kharkiv, Ukraine, to Istanbul, Turkey, saying he had a bomb on board, and demanding to be flown to Sochi, the host city of the 2014 Winter Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The issue of stray dogs has come up before the Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics "As a result of 2014 Olympics euphoria prices will rise annually by 15–20%," speculates Irina Tyurina, press secretary of Russian Tourist Industry Union. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The primary venue for outdoor sports was the ski resort in Krasnaya Polyana, which was designed by the same company that worked on ski slopes for the 2010 Winter Olympics, and scheduled to open in 2007. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, were a winter multi-sport event held in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February. A total of 2,873 athletes from 88 nations participated in 98 events in 7 sports across 15 different disciplines. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table These were the first of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, preceding the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics in Japan and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics in China. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics Noriaki Kasai of Japan became the first athlete in history to participate in eight Winter Olympics when he took part in the ski jumping qualification the day before the opening of the Games. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Dutch speed skater Ireen Wüst won an individual gold medal for the fourth Olympics in a row, the first time this had been achieved by a Winter Olympian. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics Due to the state of relations between North and South Korea, concerns were raised over the security of the 2018 Winter Olympics, especially in the wake of tensions over North Korean missile and nuclear tests. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics By early January 2018, the IOC had banned 43 Russian athletes from competing in the 2018 Winter Olympics and all future Olympic Games (as part of the Oswald Commission). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics It was the third time that an Asian country had hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo 1972 and Nagano 1998, both in Japan. It was also the first Winter Olympics to be held in mainland Asia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics After winning the election, Pyeongchang became the third Asian city to host the Winter Olympics. Also, South Korea became the second country in Asia to host both the Summer (1988 Seoul Olympics) and Winter Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics The IOC Coordination Commission for the 2018 Winter Olympics made their first visit to Pyeongchang in March 2012. By then, construction was already underway on the Olympic Village. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics The closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium on 25 February 2018. IOC president Thomas Bach declared the Games closed, and the cauldron was extinguished. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2018 Winter Olympics The 1906 Intercalated Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Olympic Games host cities The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were postponed for the first time in the Olympics history to summer 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic with the 2022 Winter Olympics being held roughly six months later in Beijing. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Olympic Games host cities Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, Milan–Cortina for the 2026 Winter Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Olympic Games host cities Additional two cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Youth Olympic Games: Dakar for the 2022 Summer Youth Olympics and Gangwon Province for the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of Olympic Games host cities Sochi 2014 is the 12th straight Olympics to outlaw smoking; all Sochi venues, Olympic Park bars and restaurants and public areas were smoke-free during the Games. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics Severe cost overruns made the 2014 Winter Olympics the most expensive Olympics in history; with Russian politician Boris Nemtsov citing allegations of corruption among government officials, and Allison Stewart of the Saïd Business School at Oxford citing tight relationships between the government and construction firms. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics As a result, WADA considered the Russian Anti-Doping Agency to be non-compliant with the World Anti-Doping Code, and recommended that Russia be banned from competing in the 2016 Summer Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics In 2016, an independent report commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency confirmed allegations that the Russian Olympic team had been involved in a state-sponsored doping program, active from at least late-2011 through August 2015. The program was active during the Winter Olympics in Sochi, and athletes had benefited from the cover-up. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 7 February 2014 at Fisht Olympic Stadium, an indoor arena built specifically for the ceremonies. The ceremony featured scenes based around aspects of Russian history and arts, including ballet, classical music, the Russian Revolution, and the age of the Soviet Union. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics On 5 December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, thus banning it from sending athletes under the Russian flag to the 2018 Winter Olympics. Cleared Russian athletes were allowed to participate as "Olympic Athletes from Russia" (OAR). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 2014 Winter Olympics The Winter Olympic Games have evolved since their inception. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games At the IOC Congress held the following year it was decided that the host nation of the 1924 Summer Olympics, France, would host a separate "International Winter Sports Week" under the patronage of the IOC. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Gillis Grafström of Sweden defended his 1920 gold medal in men's figure skating, becoming the first Olympian to win gold medals in both Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The weather was not the only noteworthy aspect of the 1928 games: Sonja Henie of Norway returned to the Winter Olympics to make history when she won the ladies' figure skating at the age of 15. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The Squaw Valley Olympics was the first Winter Games to have a dedicated athletes' village, the first to use a computer (courtesy of IBM) to tabulate results, and the first to feature female speed skating events. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Seven months later she would earn a silver in track cycling at the Summer Games in Seoul, to become the only athlete to win medals in both a Summer and Winter Olympics in the same year. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The 2002 Winter Olympics were held in Salt Lake City, United States, hosting 77 nations and 2,399 athletes in 78 events in 7 sports. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games In doing so, it also broke the record for the most gold medals won by a NOC at a single Winter Olympics (the previous was 13, set by the Soviet Union in 1976 and matched by Norway in 2002). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games For example, the gifts received by IOC members from the Japanese Organising Committee for Nagano's bid for the 1998 Winter Olympics were described by the investigation committee as "astronomical". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympics has the added problem of the alpine events requiring a mountain location; the men's downhill needs an 800-meter altitude difference along a suitable course. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games This event followed the pre-Olympics suspension of 12 cross-country skiers who tested positive for unusually high levels of haemoglobin, which is evidence of blood doping. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games They subsequently left the Olympics in protest, just before the opening ceremonies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The next Winter Olympics, held in Lake Placid, New York, United States was the first to be hosted outside of Europe. Seventeen nations and 252 athletes participated. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games World War II interrupted the holding of the Winter Olympics. The 1940 games had been awarded to Sapporo, Japan, but the decision was rescinded in 1938 because of the Japanese invasion of China. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Chiharu Igaya won the first Winter Olympics medal for Japan and the continent of Asia when he placed second in the slalom. The IOC awarded the 1960 Olympics to Squaw Valley, United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Held in the French town of Grenoble, the 1968 Winter Olympics were the first Olympic Games to be broadcast in colour. There were 1,158 athletes from 37 nations competing in 35 events. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The Soviet Union won its fourth consecutive ice hockey gold medal. In 1980 the Winter Olympics returned to Lake Placid, which had hosted the 1932 Games. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games In Vancouver the total number of medals won by athletes from Asia had increased to thirty-one, with eleven of them being gold. The rise of Asian nations in Winter Olympics sports is due in part to the growth of winter sports programmes and the interest in winter sports in nations such as South Korea, Japan and China. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The surplus was used to create the Utah Athletic Foundation, which maintains and operates many of the remaining Olympic venues. The subsequent investigation uncovered inconsistencies in the bids for every Olympics (both Summer and Winter) since 1988. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Due to the cost of hosting the Games, most host cities never realise a profit on their investment. For example, the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, cost $3.6 billion to host. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympics have been an ideological front in the Cold War since the Soviet Union first participated at the 1956 Winter Games. It did not take long for the Cold War combatants to discover what a powerful propaganda tool the Olympic Games could be. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The strained relationship between East and West Germany created a difficult political situation for the IOC. Because of its role in World War II, Germany was not allowed to compete at the 1948 Winter Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Games have had only one national team boycott when Taiwan decided not to participate in the 1980 Winter Olympics held in Lake Placid. Prior to the Games the IOC agreed to allow China to compete in the Olympics for the first time since 1952. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Winter Olympic Games Qualification for the women's tournament at the 2014 Winter Olympics was determined by the IIHF World Ranking following the 2012 IIHF Women's World Championships. The top five teams in the World Ranking received automatic berths into the Olympics, Russia gained direct entry by being host and all other teams had an opportunity to qualify for the remaining two spots in the Olympics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics "Beijing was selected as the host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty by four votes on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2022 Winter Olympics In September 2020, United States Senator Rick Scott spoke with IOC Vice President Anita DeFrantz about reconsidering the IOC's decision to host the 2022 Winter Olympics in China. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2022 Winter Olympics Beijing will be the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, having previously hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics, and it will be the eleventh city to host the Olympic Games twice. China became the third Asian country to host the Winter Olympics after Japan and South Korea. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2022 Winter Olympics Scott expressed disappointment that the IOC refused to commit to move the games out of China. In October 2020, British Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab suggested the United Kingdom may boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2022 Winter Olympics In December 2016, following the release of the McLaren report on Russian doping at the Sochi Olympics, the International Olympic Committee announced the initiation of an investigation of 28 Russian athletes at the Sochi Olympic Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The issues forced a number of visitors to seek alternate accommodations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics During the women's 15-kilometre skiathlon four Norwegian skiers used black mourning binds in honor of teammate Astrid Uhrenholdt Jacobsen's brother who had died unexpectedly on the opening day of the Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Seven applicant cities presented bids to host the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (formally known as XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games) to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The IOC Executive Board shortlisted three cities—Sochi, Russia; Salzburg, Austria; and Pyeongchang, South Korea—with Sochi winning the IOC's July 2007 final vote. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The primary venue for outdoor sports was the ski resort in Krasnaya Polyana, which was designed by the same company that worked on ski slopes for the 2010 Winter Olympics, and scheduled to open in 2007. Sochi would host the indoor winter sports. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table In December 2016, following the release of the McLaren Report on Russian doping at the Sochi Olympics, the International Olympic Committee announced the initiation of an investigation of 28 Russian athletes at the Sochi Olympic Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table The number of athletes who qualified per country is listed in the table below (number of athletes shown in parentheses). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics Broadcast rights to the 2018 Winter Olympics were already sold in some countries as part of long-term broadcast rights deals, including the Games' local rightsholder SBS, which in July 2011 had extended its rights to the Olympics through 2024. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics This was the second time that South Korea had hosted the Olympic Games, having previously hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, but it was the first Winter Olympics to be held in the country. By hosting this event, South Korea became the second Asian country to host the Winter Olympics (after Japan in 1972). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics The PyeongChang Olympics 2018 is the first Asian Winter Olympics held in the 21st century. It was the third time that an Asian country had hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo 1972 and Nagano 1998, both in Japan. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics It was also the first Winter Olympics to be held in mainland Asia. These were the first of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, preceding the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics in Japan and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics in China. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics The Alpensia Sports Park in Daegwallyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang, was the focus of the 2018 Winter Olympics. It was home to the Olympic Stadium, the Olympic Village and most of the outdoor sports venues. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2018 Winter Olympics The program was active during the Winter Olympics in Sochi, and athletes had benefited from the cover-up. The IOC stripped thirteen medals from Russian athletes in 2017, but nine were reinstated by the Court of Arbitration for Sport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics The IOC stripped thirteen medals from Russian athletes in 2017, but nine were reinstated by the Court of Arbitration for Sport. In December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, with an option for whitelisted athletes to compete independently during the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics With an average February temperature of 8.3 °C (42.8 °F) and a humid subtropical climate, Sochi is the warmest city to host a Winter Olympic Games. Sochi 2014 is the 12th straight Olympics to outlaw smoking; all Sochi venues, Olympic Park bars and restaurants and public areas were smoke-free during the Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Olympics is the first "fabric-enabled" Games using Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) technology. The network is capable of handling up to 54,000 Gbit/s (54 Tbit/s) of traffic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 2014 Winter Olympics Because of this decision the Swiss and Austrian skiers refused to compete at the games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Lillehammer is the northernmost city to ever host the Winter Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games She finished the Olympics with three golds, a silver and a bronze. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games The rise of Asian nations in Winter Olympics sports is due in part to the growth of winter sports programmes and the interest in winter sports in nations such as South Korea, Japan and China. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games The host city for the 2022 Winter Olympics is Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, elected on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. The modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Germany remained banned until 1925, and instead hosted a series of games called Deutsche Kampfspiele, starting with the winter edition of 1922 (which predated the first Winter Olympics). In 1925 the IOC decided to create a separate winter event and the 1924 games in Chamonix was retroactively designated as the first Winter Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games In 1925 the IOC decided to create a separate winter event and the 1924 games in Chamonix was retroactively designated as the first Winter Olympics. St. Moritz, Switzerland, was appointed by the IOC to host the second Winter Games in 1928. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games The German towns of Garmisch and Partenkirchen joined to organise the 1936 edition of the Winter Games, held from 6–16 February. This was the last time the Summer and Winter Olympics were held in the same country in the same year. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games They were led by Hjalmar Andersen who won three gold medals in four events in the speed skating competition. After not being able to host the games in 1944, Cortina d'Ampezzo was selected to organise the 1956 Winter Olympics. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games These were the first Winter Games to be televised, and the first Olympics ever broadcast to an international audience, though no television rights were sold until the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. The Cortina games were used to test the feasibility of televising large sporting events. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Soviet speed-skater Lidia Skoblikova made history by winning all four speed skating events. Her career total of six gold medals set a record for Winter Olympics athletes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Francisco Fernández Ochoa became the first (and, as of 2018, only) Spaniard to win a Winter Olympic gold medal when he triumphed in the slalom. The 1976 Winter Olympics had initially been awarded in 1970 to Denver, Colorado in the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Seven months later she would earn a silver in track cycling at the Summer Games in Seoul, to become the only athlete to win medals in both a Summer and Winter Olympics in the same year. The 1992 Winter Games were the last to be held in the same year as the Summer Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games The 1994 Winter Olympics, held in Lillehammer, Norway, were the first Winter Games to be held in a different year from the Summer Games. This change resulted from the decision reached in the 91st IOC Session (1986) to separate the Summer and Winter Games and place them in alternating even-numbered years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games In 2003 the IOC awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics to Vancouver, thus allowing Canada to host its second Winter Olympics. With a population of more than 2.5 million people Vancouver is the largest metropolitan area to ever host a Winter Olympic Games. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games She finished the Olympics with three golds, a silver and a bronze. For the first time, Canada won a gold medal at an Olympic Games it hosted, having failed to do so at both the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games This was the first time that South Korea had been selected to host a Winter Olympics and it was the second time the Olympics were held in the country overall, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. The Games took place from 9 to 25 February 2018. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games They started by randomly testing athletes at the 1968 Winter Olympics. The first Winter Games athlete to test positive for a banned substance was Alois Schloder, a West German hockey player, but his team was still allowed to compete. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Winter Olympic Games Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of medal events contested in each separate discipline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics 2008 Summer Olympics – Beijing, the first time China hosted the Olympics --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics China National Convention Center – MPC/IBC / existingBeijing 2022 Winter Olympic Village – newSince 2009, the Beijing Olympic Village on the Olympic Green has been occupied by fixed residents. Therefore, there was a need to build a second village on a smaller scale for the Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics The ISU also proposed a new mixed team event in short track speed skating. In biathlon, a single mixed relay was proposed by the International Biathlon Union (IBU) to complement the four-person mixed relay that featured at the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics In September 2020, United States Senator Rick Scott spoke with IOC Vice President Anita DeFrantz about reconsidering the IOC's decision to host the 2022 Winter Olympics in China. Scott expressed disappointment that the IOC refused to commit to move the games out of China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics In October 2020, British Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab suggested the United Kingdom may boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. China's use of trade sanctions and economic coercion against Australia has led to increased calls within Australia to boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics China's use of trade sanctions and economic coercion against Australia has led to increased calls within Australia to boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics. In November 2020, Australian Senators Jacqui Lambie and Rex Patrick officially proposed a boycott. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2022 Winter Olympics There were also calls to boycott the Games, drawing comparisons to the Summer Olympics of 1980 in Moscow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Several controversial choices of the athletes going to the Olympics to represent countries have occurred. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics In 2014, Sochi hosted the Russian Formula One Grand Prix. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Puerto Rico is not sending Kristina Krone for the second consecutive time because the Puerto Rico Olympic Committee (COPUR) withdrew its recognition of the Puerto Rico Winter Sports Federation after the 2002 Winter Olympics due to an eligibility controversy involving a member of their bobsled team. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics There were three Independent Olympic participants from India who competed under the Olympics flag. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Vladislav Ryazantsev and his fellow activists had planned to hold an action under the slogan of boycott of Sochi Olympics. On 5 February 2014 Russian authorities sentenced environmental activist Igor Kharchenko to five days. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The minister of sport and president of South Korea have both promised action in rooting out corruption and feuding at the organization that may have led to his "defection", in a bid to clean it up in preparation for the 2018 Winter Olympics in South Korea. The Korean public is generally supportive of Ahn. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics On 20 February 2014 the Ukrainian NOC reported that as many as half of the 45 Ukrainian athletes at the Olympics had left the games to return home. But according to Ukrainian NOC president Sergey Bubka they had returned home in compliance with their original schedule, and their departure was thus not related to the riots in Kiev. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics All three cities suggested hosting the Games between February 7–23, 2014. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics Harbin, China – Investment has been poured into the 2009 Winter Universiade --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics This was also the first Winter Olympic gold medal tie. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table Germany and Norway were tied for the highest number of gold medals, both winning 14. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics Germany and Canada tied for gold in the two-man bobsleigh event, only the second time in history that two countries had tied for a gold medal in this particular event, the first time being in the 1998 Winter Olympics twenty years earlier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics By hosting this event, South Korea became the second Asian country to host the Winter Olympics (after Japan in 1972). The PyeongChang Olympics is the world's first Olympic Games held with the introduction of 5G technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics On 5 August 2011, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced the formation of the Pyeongchang 2018 Coordination Commission. On 4 October 2011, it was announced that the Organizing Committee for the 2018 Winter Olympics would be headed by Kim Jin-sun. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics On 4 October 2011, it was announced that the Organizing Committee for the 2018 Winter Olympics would be headed by Kim Jin-sun. The Pyeongchang Organizing Committee for the 2018 Olympic & Paralympic Winter Games (POCOG) was launched at its inaugural assembly on 19 October 2011. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics The first tasks of the organizing committee were putting together a master plan for the Games as well as forming a design for the venues. The IOC Coordination Commission for the 2018 Winter Olympics made their first visit to Pyeongchang in March 2012. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium on 9 February 2018. The US$100 million facility was only intended to be used for the opening and closing ceremonies of these Olympics and the subsequent Paralympics; it was demolished following their conclusion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics Dutch speed skater Ireen Wüst won an individual gold medal for the fourth Olympics in a row, the first time this had been achieved by a Winter Olympian. She also became the first speed skater (male or female) to win ten Winter Olympic medals and the first female Winter Olympian to win nine individual medals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics Russia's participation in the 2018 Winter Olympics was affected by the aftermath of its state-sponsored doping program. As a result, the IOC suspended the Russian Olympic Committee in December 2017, although Russian athletes whitelisted by the IOC were allowed to compete neutrally under the OAR (Olympic Athletes from Russia) designation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2018 Winter Olympics Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities In 2010, Singapore became Southeast Asia's first Olympic host city for the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, while Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city with the 2016 Summer Olympics, followed by Buenos Aires with the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities Host cities for Summer and Winter Olympic Games === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities Host cities for Youth Summer and Winter Olympic Games === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of Olympic Games host cities For the fifth consecutive Olympics, players from the National Hockey League participated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament Canada also scored only seventeen goals, the fewest by a gold medal-winning team in Olympic history, although Great Britain averaged fewer goals per game at the 1936 Winter Olympics (nineteen goals in eight games). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament Both the Olympics and Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics The Soviet Union was the host of the 1980 Summer Olympics held in and around Moscow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics The top ten listed NOCs by number of gold medals are listed below. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics Sochi 2014 is the 12th straight Olympics to outlaw smoking; all Sochi venues, Olympic Park bars and restaurants and public areas were smoke-free during the Games. It is also the first time that an Olympic Park has been built for hosting winter games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics It provided engineers and technicians to design and test the systems, and worked with other technology partners to provide athletes, dignitaries and fans information about the Games. The 2014 Olympics is the first "fabric-enabled" Games using Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics There were reports of bandy possibly being added to the sports program, but the IOC rejected this request. Subsequently, the international governing body, Federation of International Bandy, decided that Irkutsk and Shelekhov in Russia would host the 2014 Bandy World Championship just before the Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics Four gunboats were also deployed on the Black Sea to protect the coastline. A number of security organizations and forces began stationing in and around Sochi in January 2014; Russia's Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) was stationed in Sochi for the Games beginning on 7 January 2014. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics A number of security organizations and forces began stationing in and around Sochi in January 2014; Russia's Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) was stationed in Sochi for the Games beginning on 7 January 2014. A group of 10,000 Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior also provided security services during the Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics Former professional speed skater and current deputy of the Russian State Duma Svetlana Zhurova has stated that the 2014 Sochi Olympics were Vladimir Putin's personal project to showcase Russia to the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics The IAAF had suspended Russia from international track and field events due to the scandal, but did allow Darya Klishina to participate in the Olympics because she was confirmed not to be a part of a doping program. The International Paralympic Committee suspended the Russian Paralympic Committee and banned the team from the 2016 Summer Paralympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics On 1 February 2018, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) found that the IOC provided insufficient evidence for 28 athletes, and overturned their IOC sanctions. For 11 other athletes, the CAS decided that there was sufficient evidence to uphold their Sochi sanctions, but reduced their lifetime bans to only the 2018 Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics For 11 other athletes, the CAS decided that there was sufficient evidence to uphold their Sochi sanctions, but reduced their lifetime bans to only the 2018 Winter Olympics. The IOC said in a statement that "the result of the CAS decision does not mean that athletes from the group of 28 will be invited to the [2018 Winter Olympic] Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2014 Winter Olympics The Winter Olympic Games have been hosted on three continents by twelve countries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Norway leads the all-time Olympic Games medal table for Winter Olympic Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The Olympic flag presented at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp was stolen, as was its replacement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The IOC awarded the 1960 Olympics to Squaw Valley, United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Eventually only Austrian Karl Schranz, who earned more than the other skiers, was excluded from the competition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games American speed-skater Eric Heiden set either an Olympic or World record in every one of the five events in which he competed, winning a total of five individual gold medals and breaking the record for most individual golds in a single Olympics (both Summer and Winter). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The 1992 Winter Games were the last to be held in the same year as the Summer Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games It was the second time that Italy had hosted the Winter Olympic Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games From their first Winter Olympics in 1956 to the 2006 Games, a Soviet or Russian delegation had never been outside the top five medal-winning nations, but in 2010 they finished sixth in total medals and eleventh in gold medals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The Games took place from 7 to 23 February 2014. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games According to the IOC, the host city for the Winter Olympics is responsible for "...establishing functions and services for all aspects of the Games, such as sports planning, venues, finance, technology, accommodation, catering, media services, etc., as well as operations during the Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games In contrast the 2014 games had large cost due to most installations had to be built. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Prior to the Games the IOC agreed to allow China to compete in the Olympics for the first time since 1952. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The special figures figure skating event was only contested at the 1908 Summer Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games While the official titles of the Summer Games count Olympiads, the titles of the Winter Games only count the Games themselves. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games At the IOC Congress held the following year it was decided that the host nation of the 1924 Summer Olympics, France, would host a separate "International Winter Sports Week" under the patronage of the IOC. Chamonix was chosen to host this week (actually 11 days) of events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Because of the weather the 10,000 metre speed-skating event had to be abandoned and officially cancelled. The weather was not the only noteworthy aspect of the 1928 games: Sonja Henie of Norway returned to the Winter Olympics to make history when she won the ladies' figure skating at the age of 15. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Switzerland's neutrality had protected the town during World War II, and most of the venues were in place from the 1928 games, which made St. Moritz a logical choice. It became the first city to host a Winter Olympics twice. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games After not being able to host the games in 1944, Cortina d'Ampezzo was selected to organise the 1956 Winter Olympics. At the opening ceremonies the final torch bearer, Guido Caroli, entered the Olympic Stadium on ice skates. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The USSR entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train full-time. Chiharu Igaya won the first Winter Olympics medal for Japan and the continent of Asia when he placed second in the slalom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The opening and closing ceremonies were produced by Walt Disney. The Squaw Valley Olympics was the first Winter Games to have a dedicated athletes' village, the first to use a computer (courtesy of IBM) to tabulate results, and the first to feature female speed skating events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Her career total of six gold medals set a record for Winter Olympics athletes. Luge was first contested in 1964, but the sport received bad publicity when a competitor was killed in a pre-Olympic training run. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Luge was first contested in 1964, but the sport received bad publicity when a competitor was killed in a pre-Olympic training run. Held in the French town of Grenoble, the 1968 Winter Olympics were the first Olympic Games to be broadcast in colour. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Salt Lake City, previously a candidate for the 1972 Winter Olympics, then put itself forward, but the IOC opted instead to invite Innsbruck to host the 1976 Games, as most of the infrastructure from the 1964 Games had been maintained. Despite only having half the usual time to prepare for the Games, Innsbruck accepted the invitation to replace Denver in February 1973. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The Republic of China refused to attend the Games over the IOC's recognition of the People's Republic of China as "China", and its request for the Republic of China to compete as "Chinese Taipei". The PRC, on the other hand, returned to the Olympics for the first time since 1952 and made its Winter Olympic debut. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games It was the second time the Games were held in Norway, after the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, and the first time the Olympic Truce was observed. As a result, after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia made their Olympic debuts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Juan Antonio Samaranch described Lillehammer as "the best Olympic Winter Games ever" in his closing ceremony speech. The 1998 Winter Olympics were held in the Japanese city of Nagano and were the first Games to host more than 2,000 athletes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games On 6 July 2011, Pyeongchang, South Korea, was selected to host the 2018 Winter Olympics over Munich, Germany, and Annecy, France. This was the first time that South Korea had been selected to host a Winter Olympics and it was the second time the Olympics were held in the country overall, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The host city for the 2022 Winter Olympics is Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, elected on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur. Beijing will be the first city ever to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games The subsequent investigation uncovered inconsistencies in the bids for every Olympics (both Summer and Winter) since 1988. For example, the gifts received by IOC members from the Japanese Organising Committee for Nagano's bid for the 1998 Winter Olympics were described by the investigation committee as "astronomical". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games By comparison, the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, cost $12.5 billion. The organisers of the Nagano Games claimed that the cost of extending the bullet train service from Tokyo to Nagano was responsible for the large price tag. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games Because of its role in World War II, Germany was not allowed to compete at the 1948 Winter Olympics. In 1950 the IOC recognised the West German Olympic Committee, and invited East and West Germany to compete as a unified team at the 1952 Winter Games. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Winter Olympic Games He shares the record for most appearances in ice hockey at the Olympics, 2014 was his 6th Olympiad. Nicklas Bäckström's "A-sample" Olympic drug test detected the regulated drug pseudoephedrine; he was prevented from playing in the final. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics Oslo, which had been considered the clear frontrunner, withdrew after its application to the Norwegian parliament for funding of the Olympics was rejected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2022 Winter Olympics All venue construction started in November 2016 and will be finished by the end of 2020 to enable the city to hold test events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2022 Winter Olympics Dutch MP Sjoerd Sjoerdsma said the Olympics should also be stripped from China citing the Uyghur genocide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2022 Winter Olympics In a July 30, 2020 letter, the World Uyghur Congress urged the IOC to reconsider holding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing because of the Uyghur genocide. In September 2020, United States Senator Rick Scott spoke with IOC Vice President Anita DeFrantz about reconsidering the IOC's decision to host the 2022 Winter Olympics in China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2022 Winter Olympics Vladislav Ryazantsev and his fellow activists had planned to hold an action under the slogan of boycott of Sochi Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics It has been speculated that some Russia's Winter Olympians used xenon gas in preparation for the Sochi Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics As of June 2014, the KOC and KSU are considering appealing to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2008 Russia–Georgia war, which broke out at the start of the 2008 Summer Olympics, surprised the Olympic community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Related concerns persist, regarding the region's safety and the desirability of hosting an Olympics in a conflict-ridden zone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The IOC expressed sympathy for the victims and underlined that they trusted that Russia's security arrangements for the Olympics would be adequate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Sappenfield singled out the organization as particularly good, writing that "Athletes and Olympic officials were nearly unanimous: This was an extraordinarily well run Olympics." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The IOC was granted the power to delay the inaugural race until 2015 to ensure the Olympics were held without disruption, but did not use it as competition was not disrupted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Two members of the punk group Pussy riot, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova and Maria Alekhina, and a group of activists and journalists were arrested by Russian police in Sochi when simply walking down the street. Pussy Riot members have urged politicians attending the Winter Olympics to criticise human rights abuses in Russia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Although attending the Winter Olympics has not historically been a priority for world leaders, there was still speculation that their non-attendance was a symbolic boycott of Russian policies. The U.S. appointed tennis player Billie Jean King and women's hockey player Caitlin Cahow, who are both openly gay, as its delegation instead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics In December 2016, following the release of the McLaren report on Russian doping at the Sochi Olympics, the International Olympic Committee announced the initiation of an investigation of 28 Russian athletes at the Sochi Olympic Games. La Gazzetta dello Sport reported the names of 17 athletes, of whom 15 are among the 28 under investigation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics "As a result of 2014 Olympics euphoria prices will rise annually by 15–20%," speculates Irina Tyurina, press secretary of Russian Tourist Industry Union. This could lead to decrease in tourist interest to Sochi, which already has fallen below Anapa, Gelendzhik and Adler. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The IOC expressed sympathy for the victims and underlined that they trusted that Russia's security arrangements for the Olympics would be adequate. The British, German, Italian, Hungarian, Austrian, Slovenian and Slovakian Olympic associations received threats that athletes would be "blown up" or kidnapped by terrorists at the Winter Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics During the women's 15-kilometre skiathlon four Norwegian skiers used black mourning binds in honor of teammate Astrid Uhrenholdt Jacobsen's brother who had died unexpectedly on the opening day of the Olympics. IOC sent a reminder to the Norwegian Olympic Committee (NOC) that using mourning binds was not allowed during the games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics All three cities suggested hosting the Games between February 7–23, 2014. The Paralympics were held from March 7–16. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The Russian Black Sea resort bid for the Winter Olympics for the second time after failing to make the shortlist in 2002. The primary venue for outdoor sports was the ski resort in Krasnaya Polyana, which was designed by the same company that worked on ski slopes for the 2010 Winter Olympics, and scheduled to open in 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The Netherlands achieved four podium sweeps in the speed skating, dominating the men's 500 metres, men's 5,000 metres, men's 10,000 metres, and women's 1,500 metres, surpassing the previous record of two podium sweeps. Slovenia won its first Winter Olympics gold medal ever, in alpine skiing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics medal table The eventual number of neutral Russian athletes that participated at the 2018 Games was 168. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics PyeongChang was elected as the host city in July 2011, at the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This was the second time that South Korea had hosted the Olympic Games, having previously hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, but it was the first Winter Olympics to be held in the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics The PyeongChang Olympics is the world's first Olympic Games held with the introduction of 5G technology. With 1,218 drones presented at the opening ceremony, the Olympic Parade of Five Wheels is the record of the largest number of drones flying simultaneously, and this is recorded in the Guinness Book of Records. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics With 1,218 drones presented at the opening ceremony, the Olympic Parade of Five Wheels is the record of the largest number of drones flying simultaneously, and this is recorded in the Guinness Book of Records. 2010 Vancouver Olympics Figure skating gold medalist Kim Yu-na delivered a torch at the opening ceremony of the Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics This is the first Winter Olympics record in Olympic history to award more than 100 medals. Four events made their Olympic debut in 2018: "big air" snowboarding, mass start speed skating, mixed doubles curling, and mixed team alpine skiing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics Noriaki Kasai of Japan became the first athlete in history to participate in eight Winter Olympics when he took part in the ski jumping qualification the day before the opening of the Games. The previous record of seven Winter Olympics was held by Russian luger Albert Demchenko. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics NBC's Raleigh-based affiliate WRAL-TV also held demonstration viewings as part of its ATSC 3.0 test broadcasts. The 2018 Winter Olympics were used to showcase 5G wireless technologies, as part of a collaboration between domestic wireless sponsor KT, and worldwide sponsor Intel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics Due to the state of relations between North and South Korea, concerns were raised over the security of the 2018 Winter Olympics, especially in the wake of tensions over North Korean missile and nuclear tests. On 20 September 2017, South Korean president Moon Jae-in stated that the country would ensure the security of the Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2018 Winter Olympics London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first-ever Games to be held on the African continent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities Host cities for multiple Summer and Winter Olympic Games and Youth Olympic Games === --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were postponed for the first time in the Olympics history to summer 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic with the 2022 Winter Olympics being held roughly six months later in Beijing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of Olympic Games host cities It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The 2014 Games achieved a record broadcast audience of 2.1 billion people worldwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics This total is over four times the initial budget of $12 billion (compared to the $8 billion spent for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver), and made the Sochi games the most expensive Olympics in history, exceeding the estimated $44 billion cost of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, which hosted 3 times as many events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The yellow boxes represent medal-awarding finals for a sport with in each box the number of finals that were contested on that day. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics These allegations first emerged in a December 2014 documentary by German public broadcaster ARD, and were detailed further in a May 2016 report by The New York Times—which published allegations by Dr. Grigory Rodchenkov, the former director of Russia's anti-doping laboratory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The International Paralympic Committee suspended the Russian Paralympic Committee and banned the team from the 2016 Summer Paralympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics While originally budgeted at US$12 billion, major cost overruns caused this figure to expand to US$51 billion, more than three times the cost of the 2012 London Olympics and even surpassing the estimated cost of US$44 billion for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The 2014 Games achieved a record broadcast audience of 2.1 billion people worldwide. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics Sochi was elected on 4 July 2007 during the 119th International Olympic Committee (IOC) session held in Guatemala City, Guatemala, defeating bids from Salzburg, Austria; and Pyeongchang, South Korea. This is the first time that the Russian Federation has hosted the Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics The top ten listed NOCs by number of gold medals are listed below. The host nation, Russia, is highlighted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics "Official website" (in Russian, English, and French). Archived from the original on 1 August 2014. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics Archived from the original on 1 August 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2015.CS1 maint: bot: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 2014 Winter Olympics Countries have used the Winter Olympic Games as well as the Summer Olympic Games to proclaim the superiority of their political systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The only country to have won a gold medal at every Winter Olympic Games is the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games St. Moritz, Switzerland, was appointed by the IOC to host the second Winter Games in 1928. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Sonja Henie defended her Olympic title, and Eddie Eagan of the United States, who had been an Olympic champion in boxing in 1920, won the gold medal in the men's bobsleigh event to join Gillis Grafström as the only athletes to have won gold medals in both the Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The issue of professionalism was disputed during these Games when a number of alpine skiers were found to have participated in a ski camp at Mammoth Mountain in the United States; three days before the opening ceremony, IOC president Avery Brundage threatened to bar the skiers from competing in the Games as he insisted that they were no longer amateurs having benefited financially from their status as athletes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Two Olympic flames were lit because it was the second time that the Austrian town had hosted the Winter Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The People's Republic of China and Costa Rica both made their Winter Olympic debut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games On 5 December 2017, the IOC announced that Russia would compete as the Olympic Athletes from Russia at the 2018 Winter Olympics and by the end of 2017 the IOC Disciplinary Commission had disqualified 43 Russian athletes, stripping thirteen medals and knocking Russia from the top of the medal table, thus putting Norway in the lead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games For the 2022 Winter Games, IOC allowed a longer distance between the alpine events and other events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Taiwan returned to Olympic competition at the 1984 Winter Games in Sarajevo as Chinese Taipei. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Winter pentathlon, a variant of the modern pentathlon, was included as a demonstration event at the 1948 Games in Switzerland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympic Games (French: Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The IOC has selected Beijing, China, to host the 2022 Winter Olympics and the Italian cities of Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo to host the 2026 Winter Olympics. As of 2018, no city in the Southern Hemisphere has applied to host the cold-weather-dependent Winter Olympic Games, which are held in February at the height of the Southern Hemisphere's summer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey were banned from competing in the games. At the IOC Congress held the following year it was decided that the host nation of the 1924 Summer Olympics, France, would host a separate "International Winter Sports Week" under the patronage of the IOC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Sonja Henie of Norway, at just 11 years old, competed in the ladies' figure skating and, although finishing last, became popular with fans. Gillis Grafström of Sweden defended his 1920 gold medal in men's figure skating, becoming the first Olympian to win gold medals in both Summer and Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The weather was not the only noteworthy aspect of the 1928 games: Sonja Henie of Norway returned to the Winter Olympics to make history when she won the ladies' figure skating at the age of 15. She became the youngest Olympic champion in history, a distinction she held for 70 years, and went on to defend her title at the next two Winter Olympics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The Squaw Valley Olympics was the first Winter Games to have a dedicated athletes' village, the first to use a computer (courtesy of IBM) to tabulate results, and the first to feature female speed skating events. The bobsleigh events were absent for the only time due to the cost of building a bobsleigh run. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games East German Christa Rothenburger won the women's 1,000 metre speed skating event. Seven months later she would earn a silver in track cycling at the Summer Games in Seoul, to become the only athlete to win medals in both a Summer and Winter Olympics in the same year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The 1998 Winter Olympics were held in the Japanese city of Nagano and were the first Games to host more than 2,000 athletes. The National Hockey League allowed its players to participate in the men's ice hockey tournament for the first time, and the Czech Republic won the tournament. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games In doing so, it also broke the record for the most gold medals won by a NOC at a single Winter Olympics (the previous was 13, set by the Soviet Union in 1976 and matched by Norway in 2002). The Vancouver Games were notable for the poor performance of the Russian athletes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The Vancouver Games were notable for the poor performance of the Russian athletes. From their first Winter Olympics in 1956 to the 2006 Games, a Soviet or Russian delegation had never been outside the top five medal-winning nations, but in 2010 they finished sixth in total medals and eleventh in gold medals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games From their first Winter Olympics in 1956 to the 2006 Games, a Soviet or Russian delegation had never been outside the top five medal-winning nations, but in 2010 they finished sixth in total medals and eleventh in gold medals. President Dmitry Medvedev called for the resignation of top sports officials immediately after the Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The lead-up to the 2018 Winter Olympics was affected by the tensions between North and South Korea and the ongoing Russian doping scandal. Despite tense relations, North Korea agreed to participate in the Games, enter with South Korea during the opening ceremony as a unified Korea, and field a unified team in women's ice hockey. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The organisers of the Nagano Games claimed that the cost of extending the bullet train service from Tokyo to Nagano was responsible for the large price tag. The organising committee had hoped that the exposure gained from hosting the Winter Olympics, and the improved access to Nagano from Tokyo, would benefit the local economy for years afterwards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The organising committee had hoped that the exposure gained from hosting the Winter Olympics, and the improved access to Nagano from Tokyo, would benefit the local economy for years afterwards. In fact, Nagano's economy did experience a post-Olympic boom for a year or two, but the long-term effects have not materialised as anticipated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Finally, any prospective host city planning to bid for the Games is required to add a "legacy plan" to their proposal, with a view to the long-term economic and environmental impact that hosting the Olympics will have on the region. For the 2022 Winter Games, IOC allowed a longer distance between the alpine events and other events. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games The addition of these events has broadened the appeal of the Winter Olympics beyond Europe and North America. While European powers such as Norway and Germany still dominate the traditional Winter Olympic sports, countries such as South Korea, Australia and Canada are finding success in the new sports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Winter Olympic Games Several commentators pointed out that such demands were unheard of in a western democracy; Slate described the IOC as a "notoriously ridiculous organization run by grifters and hereditary aristocrats. "Beijing was selected as the host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty by four votes on 31 July 2015 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2022 Winter Olympics In the aftermath of the 2019 leak of the Xinjiang papers, the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, China's Wolf warrior diplomacy, and the Uyghur genocide, calls were made for a boycott of the 2022 Games. In a July 30, 2020 letter, the World Uyghur Congress urged the IOC to reconsider holding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing because of the Uyghur genocide. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2022 Winter Olympics Their proposal was later voted down. Some human rights organizations have called for a diplomatic boycott that would mean countries not sending their heads of state or high-ranking officials to the Olympics but still sending athletes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2022 Winter Olympics In March 2021 American alpine skier Mikaela Shiffrin said that she should not have to choose between her morals and her job due to the human rights issues raised over the games. In April 2021, the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom recommended that U.S. government officials boycott the 2022 Winter Olympics "if the Chinese government's crackdown on religious freedom continues. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2022 Winter Olympics The Russian parliament passed an amnesty bill that freed the imprisoned Pussy Riot singers, the foreign activists amongst Greenpeace's "Arctic 30" and the 2012 Bolotnaya Square protest. Human Rights Watch has repeatedly presented the IOC detailed evidence of documented human rights abuses linked to Russia's preparations for the 2014 Winter Games since 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Human Rights Watch has repeatedly presented the IOC detailed evidence of documented human rights abuses linked to Russia's preparations for the 2014 Winter Games since 2009. Human Rights Watch have documented exploitation of migrant workers in violation of Russian law; evictions of residents without fair compensation and in some cases, with no compensation at all. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2008 Russia–Georgia war, which broke out at the start of the 2008 Summer Olympics, surprised the Olympic community. "It is not what the world wants to see. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics Freestyle skiers were told by IOC not to wear helmet stickers in memory of Sarah Burke, who died in an accident in 2012. However, many still did, and the rule was believed to not have been enforced. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics During the 119th IOC Session on 4 July 2007 in Guatemala City, Salzburg received 25 votes and was relegated, Pyeongchang received 36 votes, and Sochi received 34 votes in the first round of the IOC voting procedure. In the second and final round, Pyeongchang received 47 votes but Sochi received 51 votes and was therefore chosen as the host of the 2014 Olympics. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The National Olympic Committee of Turkey cited a lack of infrastructure. Erzurum had organized the 2011 Winter Universiade. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bids for the 2014 Winter Olympics The 2018 Winter Olympics were used to showcase 5G wireless technologies, as part of a collaboration between domestic wireless sponsor KT, and worldwide sponsor Intel. Several venues were outfitted with 5G networks to facilitate features such as live camera feeds from bobsleds, and multi-camera views from cross-country and figure skating events. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Winter Olympics Hearings for the remaining three athletes were postponed. The eventual number of neutral Russian athletes that participated at the 2018 Games was 168. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2018 Winter Olympics The 1906 Intercalated Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Olympic Games host cities In 2010, Singapore became Southeast Asia's first Olympic host city for the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, while Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city with the 2016 Summer Olympics, followed by Buenos Aires with the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first-ever Games to be held on the African continent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of Olympic Games host cities For the fifth consecutive Olympics, players from the National Hockey League participated. Twelve countries qualified for the tournament --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament The 2014 Games achieved a record broadcast audience of 2.1 billion people worldwide. In 2016, an independent report commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency confirmed allegations that the Russian Olympic team had been involved in a state-sponsored doping program, active from at least late-2011 through August 2015. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 2014 Winter Olympics The only country to have won a gold medal at every Winter Olympic Games is the United States. Norway leads the all-time Olympic Games medal table for Winter Olympic Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games St. Moritz, Switzerland, was appointed by the IOC to host the second Winter Games in 1928. Fluctuating weather conditions challenged the hosts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games Alpine skiing made its Olympic debut, but skiing teachers were barred from entering because they were considered to be professionals. Because of this decision the Swiss and Austrian skiers refused to compete at the games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games Cyprus made their Olympic debut at the games. The People's Republic of China and Costa Rica both made their Winter Olympic debut. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games In 1988, the Canadian city of Calgary hosted the first Winter Olympics to span three weekends, lasting for a total of 16 days. New events were added in ski-jumping and speed skating, while future Olympic sports curling, short track speed skating and freestyle skiing made their debut appearance as demonstration sports. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games The 2002 Winter Olympics were held in Salt Lake City, United States, hosting 77 nations and 2,399 athletes in 78 events in 7 sports. These Games were the first to take place since the September 11 attacks of 2001, which meant a higher degree of security to avoid a terrorist attack. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games Johannes Høsflot Klæbo became the youngest ever male to win an Olympic gold in cross-country skiing when he won the men's sprint at age 21. Noriaki Kasai of Japan became the first athlete in history to participate in eight Winter Olympics when he took part in the ski jumping qualification the day before the opening of the Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympics has the added problem of the alpine events requiring a mountain location; the men's downhill needs an 800-meter altitude difference along a suitable course. As this is a focal event that is central to the Games, the IOC has previously not agreed to it taking place a great distance from the main host city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games The Italian police conducted a raid on the Austrian cross-country ski team's residence during the Games where they seized blood-doping specimens and equipment. This event followed the pre-Olympics suspension of 12 cross-country skiers who tested positive for unusually high levels of haemoglobin, which is evidence of blood doping. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games When the Taiwanese athletes arrived at the Olympic village with their Republic of China identification cards they were not admitted. They subsequently left the Olympics in protest, just before the opening ceremonies. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games While European powers such as Norway and Germany still dominate the traditional Winter Olympic sports, countries such as South Korea, Australia and Canada are finding success in the new sports. The results are: more parity in the national medal tables; more interest in the Winter Olympics; and higher global television ratings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Winter Olympic Games
16988.	Q: Which has a more modern architectural style, the S. R. Crown Hall at Illinois Institute of Technology or the Parsons-Gates Hall at Caltech? Title = Parsons-Gates Hall Caltech 2017a Description = Title = Crown Hall 1 Description = A: S. R. Crown Hall Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Illinois Family Institute, Illinois Institute of Technology, Hanna R. Hall, Technology, Appropriate technology, The Crown, History of college campuses and architecture in the United States, Little Johnny Jones, Neoclassical architecture, House System at the California Institute of Technology, Mid-century modern, List of The Virginian episodes, Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, Educational technology, List of The Bill episodes, Illinois, Modern architecture, Casting Crowns, Miami Modern architecture, Caltech–MIT rivalry, 2906 Caltech, Pink Floyd, List of colleges and universities in Illinois, The Thomas Crown Affair (1999 film), Golden Gate Bridge, Hall Technique, Palomar Observatory, Tales of Mystery and Imagination (Alan Parsons Project album), Western Illinois University, Athenaeum at Caltech, International Style (architecture), Gordon Moore, Postmodern architecture, Prairie School, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, S. R. Crown Hall, Architectural style, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jenijoy La Belle, Technology roadmap, Gray's School of Art, Campus of the California Institute of Technology, Manny Maceda, Allen & Company, Information technology, University of Illinois Institute of Aviation, Caltech 101, DXC Technology, Rajeev Chandrasekhar, List of architectural styles, List of United States counties and county equivalents, List of United States representatives from New York, Renaissance architecture, Gigabyte Technology, California Institute of Technology, Keyboard technology, Illinois Policy Institute, Wearable technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Toggle details	Later, Illinois Institute of Technology built its entire campus in Modernist style, giving Mies van der Rohe free rein to employ and showcase Modernist techniques, perhaps best exemplified in S. R. Crown Hall, built from 1950 to 1958. --- (0.32, 0.2, 0.12) History of college campuses and architecture in the United States Gropius was later employed by Harvard, and designed several buildings for the school. Later, Illinois Institute of Technology built its entire campus in Modernist style, giving Mies van der Rohe free rein to employ and showcase Modernist techniques, perhaps best exemplified in S. R. Crown Hall, built from 1950 to 1958. --- (0.27, 0.16, 0.11000000000000001) History of college campuses and architecture in the United States 1956 Crown Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology College of Architecture – Academic building, Chicago, Illinois --- (0.26, 0.15, 0.11000000000000001) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe S. R. Crown Hall, designed by the German-American Modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, is the home of the College of Architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech) in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.26, 0.19, 0.07) S. R. Crown Hall The current building was designed by Michael Shewan and was influenced by the Illinois Institute of Technology campus (particularly the S. R. Crown Hall) designed by the celebrated American modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. --- (0.26, 0.19, 0.07) Gray's School of Art S. R. Crown Hall, home of Illinois Tech's College of Architecture, was named a National Historic Landmark in 2001.The Illinois Institute of Technology Academic Campus undertook a series of projects with Peter Lindsay Schaudt Landscape Architecture, Inc. (now Hoerr Schaudt) in 2000 to revitalize the historic campus. --- (0.21, 0.14, 0.06999999999999998) Illinois Institute of Technology It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Palomar Observatory It was not until 1969 that the school was incorporated into Illinois Institute of Technology. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology has four campuses in the Chicago area. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Illinois Institute of Technology The Gray's School of Art building has three floors and is designed in a U-plan with a large front facade and two wings. The current building was designed by Michael Shewan and was influenced by the Illinois Institute of Technology campus (particularly the S. R. Crown Hall) designed by the celebrated American modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. --- (0.18, 0.12, 0.06) Gray's School of Art Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Illinois Institute of Technology The Chicago Convention Center (1952–54) and Crown Hall at the Illinois Institute of Technology (1950–56), and The Seagram Building in New York City (1954–58) also set a new standard for purity and elegance. --- (0.17, 0.09, 0.08000000000000002) Modern architecture Midwest College of Engineering (1967–1986), merged with Illinois Institute of Technology in 1986. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of colleges and universities in Illinois He accepted the position to head the architecture school at the Armour Institute of Technology (later the Illinois Institute of Technology), in Chicago. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Mies served as the last director of Berlin's Bauhaus, and then headed the department of architecture, Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, where he developed the Second Chicago School. He played a significant role as an educator, believing his architectural language could be learned, then applied to design any type of modern building. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe He completed Masters in Computer Science in 1988 from Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Rajeev Chandrasekhar The California Institute of Technology (Caltech) is a private research university in Pasadena, California. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) California Institute of Technology Founded in the 1930s, JPL is owned by NASA and managed by the nearby California Institute of Technology (Caltech). --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Jet Propulsion Laboratory It became known as the Institute of Design in 1944 and later joined Illinois Institute of Technology in 1949.Illinois Tech also contains the College of Architecture. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Illinois Institute of Technology Mies settled in Chicago, Illinois, where he was appointed head of the architecture school at Chicago's Armour Institute of Technology (later renamed Illinois Institute of Technology). --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe The theater program at Caltech is known as TACIT, or Theater Arts at the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) California Institute of Technology When heated, the mugs turn orange, display a palm tree, and read "Caltech The Hotter Institute of Technology." --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) California Institute of Technology The House System is the basis of undergraduate student residence at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) House System at the California Institute of Technology This minor planet is named after the California Institute of Technology, Caltech, which is the owner and operator of the discovering Palomar Observatory. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 2906 Caltech Mies sought to establish his own particular architectural style that could represent modern times just as Classical and Gothic did for their own eras. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe As of April 2014, University Tech Park at Illinois Institute of Technology is home to many companies. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Illinois Institute of Technology It became known as the Institute of Design in 1944 and later joined Illinois Institute of Technology in 1949.Illinois Tech also contains the College of Architecture. This college began in 1895 when trustees of Armour Institute and Art Institute merged the architectural programs of both schools to form the Chicago School of Architecture of Armour Institute. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Illinois Institute of Technology It is named after the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 2906 Caltech The International Style or internationalism is a major architectural style that was developed in the 1920s and 1930s and was closely related to modernism and modern architecture. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) International Style (architecture) Mies van der Rohe designed several dozen buildings for the southern side Illinois Institute of Technology. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) S. R. Crown Hall After his studies at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Maceda started his career in the engineering plastics group of DuPont in 1984. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Manny Maceda He completed Masters in Computer Science in 1988 from Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. He was handpicked by Vinod Dham to Intel and he worked there from 1988 to 1991. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Rajeev Chandrasekhar When heated, the mugs turn orange, display a palm tree, and read "Caltech The Hotter Institute of Technology." Identical mugs continue to be sold at the Caltech campus store. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) California Institute of Technology By 1888 these evening sessions developed into formal classes and the Chicago College of Law was established. It was not until 1969 that the school was incorporated into Illinois Institute of Technology. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Illinois Institute of Technology Joseph B. Dabney, owner of the Dabney Oil Syndicate, was a trustee of California Institute of Technology. Dabney Hall of the Humanities, a gift of Mr. and Mrs. Dabney, is one of the four corner buildings of Caltech's central courtyard. --- (0.13, 0.04, 0.09) House System at the California Institute of Technology Mies served as the last director of Berlin's Bauhaus, and then headed the department of architecture, Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, where he developed the Second Chicago School. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe In 2014 the Department of Food Science and Nutrition was formally launched within the School of Applied Technology, formed from degree programs originating within Illinois Tech's Institute for Food Safety and Health (IFSH). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Illinois Institute of Technology A portion of the 120-acre Main Campus, identified as the Illinois Institute of Technology Academic Campus, was entered onto the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Illinois Institute of Technology It was not until 1969 that the school was incorporated into Illinois Institute of Technology. With a bequest from Illinois Tech alumnus and financier Harold Leonard Stuart the Stuart School of Business was established in 1969. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Illinois Institute of Technology As the director of the school of architecture of what is now called the Illinois Institute of Technology from 1939 to 1956, Mies (as he was commonly known) made Chicago the leading city for American modernism in the postwar years. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Modern architecture The Caltech–MIT rivalry is a college rivalry between California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), stemming from the colleges' reputations as the top science and engineering schools in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Caltech–MIT rivalry This minor planet is named after the California Institute of Technology, Caltech, which is the owner and operator of the discovering Palomar Observatory. The discovery was made with the 0.46-m Schmidt telescope, the first telescope installed on Palomar. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 2906 Caltech Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in San Diego County, California, United States, in the Palomar Mountain Range. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Palomar Observatory It is defined by the Getty Research Institute as "the style of architecture that emerged in Holland, France, and Germany after World War I and spread throughout the world, becoming the dominant architectural style until the 1970s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) International Style (architecture) He attended the University of California, Berkeley where he received a B.S. degree in chemistry in 1950.In September 1950, Moore enrolled at the California Institute of Technology. While at Caltech, Moore minored in physics and received a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1954. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Gordon Moore The Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Collection, 1929–1969 (bulk 1948–1960) includes correspondence, articles, and materials related to his association with the Illinois Institute of Technology. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Mies sought to establish his own particular architectural style that could represent modern times just as Classical and Gothic did for their own eras. The style he created made a statement with its extreme clarity and simplicity. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Centrally located on the campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology, two miles south of downtown Chicago, Illinois, the building houses Illinois Tech's school of architecture, city planning, and the department of design. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) S. R. Crown Hall The Beckman Institute at Caltech was chartered by Caltech in 1987.The institute building was designed by architect Albert C. Martin, Jr. in a Spanish style with a pool and a central courtyard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Campus of the California Institute of Technology This list includes buildings and facilities of California Institute of Technology. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Campus of the California Institute of Technology He studied in various schools across India, and studied electrical engineering at Manipal Institute of Technology. He completed Masters in Computer Science in 1988 from Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Rajeev Chandrasekhar This also meant that it was not until about 1500 and later that signs of Renaissance architectural style began to appear outside Italy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Renaissance architecture The Illinois Family Institute (IFI) is a Christian organization based in Tinley Park, Illinois. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Family Institute Illinois Family Institute has been criticized for some of its positions, most notably their stances on LGBT issues. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Family Institute " From the pulpit of his South Side church, near the site Illinois Institute of Technology now occupies, Gunsaulus said that with a million dollars he could build a school where students can learn to think in practical not theoretical terms; where they could be taught to "learn by doing." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Tech was created in 1940 by the merger of Armour Institute and Lewis Institute. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Institute of Technology " In the 2010s, school administrators began a move to reintroduce the "Illinois Tech" nickname, to decrease confusion with the Indian Institutes of Technology that share the IIT abbreviation and with ITT Technical Institute whose abbreviation is similar. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology Mies (Main) Campus has an established Greek System, which consists of seven Illinois Tech fraternities (and one VanderCook College of Music fraternity) and three sororities. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology has four campuses in the Chicago area. A portion of the 120-acre Main Campus, identified as the Illinois Institute of Technology Academic Campus, was entered onto the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Illinois Institute of Technology He was born in China and educated in the United States, studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Modern architecture In reaction, they sought to create new work in and around Chicago that would display a uniquely modern and authentically American style, which came to be called Prairie. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Prairie School He played a significant role as an educator, believing his architectural language could be learned, then applied to design any type of modern building. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 1973 IBM Plaza – Office Tower, Chicago (completed post-mortem)Buildings on the Illinois Institute of Technology Campus (1939–1958)1943 Minerals & Metals Research Building – Research --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Mies settled in Chicago, Illinois, where he was appointed head of the architecture school at Chicago's Armour Institute of Technology (later renamed Illinois Institute of Technology). One of the benefits of taking this position was that he would be commissioned to design the new buildings and master plan for the campus. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe After an architectural style has gone out of fashion, revivals and re-interpretations may occur. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Architectural style Jenijoy La Belle (1943) is an American professor emeritus of English literature at California Institute of Technology. Hired in 1969, she became the first female professor in Caltech history. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jenijoy La Belle He attended a bachelor's in chemical engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology where he graduated with the high honors (magna cum laude) and a masters in management from the MIT Sloan School of Management. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Manny Maceda The University of Illinois Institute of Aviation was an aviation institute affiliated with the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Illinois Institute of Aviation The Institute of Aviation was placed under review by the University of Illinois in the spring of 2010. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) University of Illinois Institute of Aviation He studied in various schools across India, and studied electrical engineering at Manipal Institute of Technology. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Rajeev Chandrasekhar An architectural style is characterized by the features that make a building or other structure notable and historically identifiable. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of architectural styles In April 2014, during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend, a group of Caltech students handed out mugs emblazoned with the MIT logo on the front and the words "The Institute of Technology" on the back. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) California Institute of Technology For vocal music, Caltech has a mixed-voice Glee Club and the smaller Chamber Singers. The theater program at Caltech is known as TACIT, or Theater Arts at the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) California Institute of Technology The theater program at Caltech is known as TACIT, or Theater Arts at the California Institute of Technology. There are two to three plays organized by TACIT per year, and they were involved in the production of the PHD Movie, released in 2011. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) California Institute of Technology The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology In December 2006, the University Technology Park at Illinois Institute of Technology, an incubator and life sciences/tech start-up facility, was started in existing research buildings located on the south end of Mies Campus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology To further boost their focus on biotechnology and the melding of business and technology, University Technology Park at Illinois Tech, an expansive research park, has been developed by remodeling former Institute of Gas Technology and research buildings on the south end of Mies Campus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology Moffett Campus in Bedford Park, Illinois, is home to the Institute for Food Safety and Health. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology This college began in 1895 when trustees of Armour Institute and Art Institute merged the architectural programs of both schools to form the Chicago School of Architecture of Armour Institute. The School of Applied Technology was founded as the Center for Professional Development in 2001 to provide technology oriented education for working professionals. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology They perform shows at the end of each semester which showcase everything they have learned. Illinois Institute of Technology Mies (Main) Campus has an established Greek System, which consists of seven Illinois Tech fraternities (and one VanderCook College of Music fraternity) and three sororities. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Technology Joseph B. Dabney, owner of the Dabney Oil Syndicate, was a trustee of California Institute of Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) House System at the California Institute of Technology The MCM design aesthetic is modern in style and construction, aligned with the Modernism movement of the period. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mid-century modern Home developer, Alexander Homes, popularized this post-and-beam architectural style in the Coachella Valley. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mid-century modern Dream Center permanently closed 18 Art Institute schools, including the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, at the end of 2018. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Ray College of Design joined The Art Institutes system in 1995 as The Illinois Institute of Art. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Most all of the new floor space was shared and occupied by the Illinois Institute of Art and by Argosy University. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Schools like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have made certain course materials free online. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Educational technology In his book Moderne Architektur (1895) he had called for a more rationalist style of architecture, based on "modern life". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Modern architecture The Austrian architect Rudolph Schindler designed what could be called the first house in the modern style in 1922, the Schindler house. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Modern architecture One of the first buildings his own firm designed was the Green Building at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Modern architecture I. M. Pei (1917–2019) was a major figure in late modernism and the debut of Post-modern architecture. He was born in China and educated in the United States, studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Modern architecture Caltech pranksters again visited MIT's Campus Preview Weekend in April 2014, this time distributing mugs that displayed the MIT logo when cold, but when filled with hot liquid, turned orange and changed to read "Caltech: The Hotter Institute of Technology". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Caltech–MIT rivalry Caltech students had also produced genuine-looking MIT ID cards featuring their real names and photographs, but did not need to use them. MIT students counterpranked the Lobby 7 dome to read "The Only Institute of Technology", and had to resort to pulling the blimp down using helium balloons covered in sticky tape. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Caltech–MIT rivalry MIT students counterpranked the Lobby 7 dome to read "The Only Institute of Technology", and had to resort to pulling the blimp down using helium balloons covered in sticky tape. One student unsuccessfully attempted to DDOS the Caltech students' website documenting the pranks. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Caltech–MIT rivalry It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Optical Observatories of China. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Palomar Observatory The Athenaeum is a faculty club and private social club on the California Institute of Technology campus in Pasadena, California. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Campus of the California Institute of Technology He sought an objective approach that would guide the creative process of architectural design, but was always concerned with expressing the spirit of the modern era. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe He joined his avant-garde peers in the long-running search for a new style that would be suitable for the modern industrial age. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Frustrated and unhappy, he left his homeland reluctantly in 1937 as he saw his opportunity for any future building commissions vanish, accepting a residential commission in Wyoming and then an offer to head the department of architecture of the newly established Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) in Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 1932 Lemke House – Residential home, WeissenseeBuildings after emigration to the United States (1939–1960)1939–1958 – Illinois Institute of Technology Campus Master Plan, academic campus & buildings, Chicago, Illinois --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe After Nazism's rise to power, with its strong opposition to modernism (leading to the closing of the Bauhaus itself), Mies emigrated to the United States. He accepted the position to head the architecture school at the Armour Institute of Technology (later the Illinois Institute of Technology), in Chicago. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe designed several dozen buildings for the southern side Illinois Institute of Technology. Most of these structures employ a brick and glass infill system within an exposed steel frame. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) S. R. Crown Hall An architectural style is a set of characteristics and features that make a building or other structure notable or historically identifiable. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Architectural style An architectural style may also spread through colonialism, either by foreign colonies learning from their home country, or by settlers moving to a new land. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Architectural style As vernacular architecture is better understood as suggestive of culture, writ broadly (as well as a theory and a process rather than a thing-in-itself), it technically can encompass every architectural style--or none at all. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Architectural style As vernacular architecture is better understood as suggestive of culture, writ broadly (as well as a theory and a process rather than a thing-in-itself), it technically can encompass every architectural style--or none at all. In and of itself, vernacular architecture is not a style. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Architectural style Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Designed by architect Albert C. Martin, Jr. in a Spanish style, the Beckman Institute was dedicated on October 26, 1989, and opened in 1990.In 1971 a magnitude-6.6 earthquake in San Fernando caused some damage to the Caltech campus. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Campus of the California Institute of Technology In 1961 the GALCIT acronym was retained while the name changed to Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories at the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Campus of the California Institute of Technology The Beckman Institute at Caltech was chartered by Caltech in 1987.The institute building was designed by architect Albert C. Martin, Jr. in a Spanish style with a pool and a central courtyard. It was dedicated on October 26, 1989, and opened in 1990. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Campus of the California Institute of Technology After his studies at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Maceda started his career in the engineering plastics group of DuPont in 1984. Following this he attended a Master's in Management at MIT.During his master's at MIT he was still "unaware of the existence of the management-consulting industry. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Manny Maceda Caltech 101 is a data set of digital images created in September 2003 and compiled by Fei-Fei Li, Marco Andreetto, Marc 'Aurelio Ranzato and Pietro Perona at the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Caltech 101 Palladio was to transform the architectural style of both palaces and churches by taking a different perspective on the notion of Classicism. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Renaissance architecture The JPL Director also serves as a Caltech Vice President and is responsible to the President of the Institute for the management of the laboratory. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology Caltech was ranked as the best university in the world in two categories: Engineering & Technology and Physical Sciences. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology These include covering up the word Massachusetts in the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" engraving on the main building façade with a banner so that it read "That Other Institute of Technology". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology A group of MIT hackers responded by altering the banner so that the inscription read "The Only Institute of Technology." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology Caltech is also the inspiration, and frequent film location, for the California Institute of Science in Numb3rs. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology In 1971 a magnitude-6.6 earthquake in San Fernando caused some damage to the Caltech campus. Engineers who evaluated the damage found that two historic buildings dating from the early days of the Institute—Throop Hall and the Goodhue-designed Culbertson Auditorium—had cracked. --- (0.1, 0.04, 0.060000000000000005) California Institute of Technology In 2005, a group of Caltech students pulled a string of pranks during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend for admitted students. These include covering up the word Massachusetts in the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" engraving on the main building façade with a banner so that it read "That Other Institute of Technology". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology A group of MIT hackers responded by altering the banner so that the inscription read "The Only Institute of Technology." Caltech students also passed out T-shirts to MIT's incoming freshman class that had MIT written on the front and "... because not everyone can go to Caltech" along with an image of a palm tree on the back. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology Caltech students then moved the TARDIS to UC Berkeley and Stanford. In April 2014, during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend, a group of Caltech students handed out mugs emblazoned with the MIT logo on the front and the words "The Institute of Technology" on the back. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology In April 2014, during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend, a group of Caltech students handed out mugs emblazoned with the MIT logo on the front and the words "The Institute of Technology" on the back. When heated, the mugs turn orange, display a palm tree, and read "Caltech The Hotter Institute of Technology." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) California Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is one of the many research institutions developing and testing technologies in this field. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wearable technology Founded in the 1930s, JPL is owned by NASA and managed by the nearby California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The laboratory's primary function is the construction and operation of planetary robotic spacecraft, though it also conducts Earth-orbit and astronomy missions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jet Propulsion Laboratory Illinois Family Institute opposes abortion, separation of church and state, "activist judges", and the "marriage penalty". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Family Institute The Institute of Design (ID), founded in Chicago by László Moholy-Nagy in 1937, merged with Illinois Tech in 1949.Chicago-Kent College of Law, founded in 1887, became part of the university in 1969, making Illinois Institute of Technology one of the few technology-based universities with a law school. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Tech housed many research organizations: IIT Research Institute (formerly Armour Research Foundation and birthplace of magnetic recording wire and tape as well as audio and video cassettes), the Institute of Gas Technology, and the American Association of Railroads, among others. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology This college began in 1895 when trustees of Armour Institute and Art Institute merged the architectural programs of both schools to form the Chicago School of Architecture of Armour Institute. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology In 2019, the Kaplan Center won the American Institute of Architects Chicago Chapter' s highest architectural design award. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology In December 2006, the University Technology Park at Illinois Institute of Technology, an incubator and life sciences/tech start-up facility, was started in existing research buildings located on the south end of Mies Campus. As of April 2014, University Tech Park at Illinois Institute of Technology is home to many companies. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology " In the 2010s, school administrators began a move to reintroduce the "Illinois Tech" nickname, to decrease confusion with the Indian Institutes of Technology that share the IIT abbreviation and with ITT Technical Institute whose abbreviation is similar. In June 2020 Illinois Tech launched the College of Computing and the revamped Lewis College of Science and Letters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology Undergraduate enrollment has breached 3,000. To further boost their focus on biotechnology and the melding of business and technology, University Technology Park at Illinois Tech, an expansive research park, has been developed by remodeling former Institute of Gas Technology and research buildings on the south end of Mies Campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology In 2014 the Department of Food Science and Nutrition was formally launched within the School of Applied Technology, formed from degree programs originating within Illinois Tech's Institute for Food Safety and Health (IFSH). The School of Applied Technology was dissolved in June 2020; its departments and programs remained, split between the new College of Computing and Lewis College of Science and Letters. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Technology Other schools, such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Cincinnati have embraced experimental or contemporary architecture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) History of college campuses and architecture in the United States It is now recognized by scholars and museums worldwide as a significant design movement. The MCM design aesthetic is modern in style and construction, aligned with the Modernism movement of the period. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mid-century modern Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was a for-profit art and culinary school, which briefly operated as a non-profit institution before it closed in 2018. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Since 1995, The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago has grown by programs and floor space for its growing student body. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Also, progression was made to include officially The Art Institute locations at Schaumburg and Cincinnati as branch locations under the umbrella of The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Ludwig Mies van der Rohe described his architecture with the famous saying, "Less is more". As the director of the school of architecture of what is now called the Illinois Institute of Technology from 1939 to 1956, Mies (as he was commonly known) made Chicago the leading city for American modernism in the postwar years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Modern architecture He was born in China and educated in the United States, studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While the architecture school there still trained in the Beaux-Arts architecture style, Pei discovered the writings of Le Corbusier, and a two-day visit by Le Corbusier to the campus in 1935 had a major impact on Pei's ideas of architecture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Modern architecture The inscription on the exterior of the Lobby 7 dome facing Massachusetts Avenue was changed to read "That Other Institute of Technology" instead of "Massachusetts Institute of Technology". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Caltech–MIT rivalry Membership includes Caltech faculty, staff, graduate students, undergraduate seniors, alumni, trustees, and Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and staff of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the Palomar Observatory, and the Huntington Library and Art Gallery. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Athenaeum at Caltech The International Style or internationalism is a major architectural style that was developed in the 1920s and 1930s and was closely related to modernism and modern architecture. It was first defined by Museum of Modern Art curators Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson in 1932, based on works of architecture from the 1920s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) International Style (architecture) He attended the University of California, Berkeley where he received a B.S. degree in chemistry in 1950.In September 1950, Moore enrolled at the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gordon Moore Archival materials are also held by the Ryerson & Burnham Libraries at the Art Institute of Chicago. The Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Collection, 1929–1969 (bulk 1948–1960) includes correspondence, articles, and materials related to his association with the Illinois Institute of Technology. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe The Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Collection, 1929–1969 (bulk 1948–1960) includes correspondence, articles, and materials related to his association with the Illinois Institute of Technology. The Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Metropolitan Structures Collection, 1961–1969, includes scrapbooks and photographs documenting Chicago projects. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe While many architectural styles explore harmonious ideals, Mannerism wants to take style a step further and explores the aesthetics of hyperbole and exaggeration. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Architectural style They are documented in the subject of architectural history. At any time several styles may be fashionable, and when a style changes it usually does so gradually, as architects learn and adapt to new ideas. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Architectural style Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has since played a key role (MIT150) in the development of modern technology and science, ranking it among the most prestigious academic institutions in the world. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Jenijoy La Belle (1943) is an American professor emeritus of English literature at California Institute of Technology. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jenijoy La Belle The Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT), was a research institute created in 1926, at first specializing in aeronautics research. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Campus of the California Institute of Technology The Beckman Institute at Caltech is a multi-disciplinary center for research in the chemical and biological sciences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Campus of the California Institute of Technology Founding of the Beckman Institute at Caltech was supported by a major philanthropic gift from the Arnold Orville Beckman and his wife Mabel, through the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Campus of the California Institute of Technology He is the eldest son of the late Filipino politician Ernesto Maceda. He attended a bachelor's in chemical engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology where he graduated with the high honors (magna cum laude) and a masters in management from the MIT Sloan School of Management. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Manny Maceda Each country in turn then grafted its own architectural traditions to the new style, so that Renaissance buildings across Europe are diversified by region. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Renaissance architecture The presence, particularly in Rome, of ancient architectural remains showing the ordered Classical style provided an inspiration to artists at a time when philosophy was also turning towards the Classical. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Renaissance architecture The result was that these places began to import the Renaissance style as indicators of their new cultural position. This also meant that it was not until about 1500 and later that signs of Renaissance architectural style began to appear outside Italy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Renaissance architecture While Renaissance style and motifs were largely purged from Modernism, they have been reasserted in some Postmodern architecture. The influence of Renaissance architecture can still be seen in many of the modern styles and rules of architecture today. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Renaissance architecture The California Institute of Technology (Caltech) is a private research university in Pasadena, California. The university is known for its strength in science and engineering, and is one among a small group of institutes of technology in the United States which is primarily devoted to the instruction of pure and applied sciences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) California Institute of Technology The Illinois Policy Institute (IPI) is a libertarian nonprofit think tank with offices in Chicago and Springfield. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Illinois Policy Institute Illinois Family Institute was designated an anti-gay "hate group" in 2009 by the Southern Poverty Law Center. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Family Institute The Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Campus in Wheaton, Illinois houses some degree programs in Information Technology and Management. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Technology In 1976, American Institute of Architects named the Illinois Tech campus one of the 200 most significant works of architecture in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Technology It houses the Institute for Food Safety and Health (IFSH), which includes the National Center for Food Safety and Technology, a unique consortium of government, industry, and academic partners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Technology When Armour Institute opened in 1893, it offered professional courses in engineering, chemistry, architecture and library science. Illinois Tech was created in 1940 by the merger of Armour Institute and Lewis Institute. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Technology The five-acre Moffett Campus in southwest suburban Bedford Park was designed in 1947 by Schmidt, Garden, and Erickson and was donated to Illinois Tech in 1988. It houses the Institute for Food Safety and Health (IFSH), which includes the National Center for Food Safety and Technology, a unique consortium of government, industry, and academic partners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Technology Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style produced by the Neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century in Italy and France which then became one of the most prominent and iconic architectural styles in the Western World. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Neoclassical architecture The style is manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulae as an outgrowth of some classicising features of the Late Baroque architectural tradition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Neoclassical architecture Avery House is part of the housing system at the California Institute of Technology, participating in Rotation and housing undergraduates, yearlong exchange students, faculty, and visiting guests. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) House System at the California Institute of Technology The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was founded in 1916 as The Commercial Art School, which was one of the first applied art and design colleges in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago In 1985, the president of the college, Wade Ray, opened a branch campus near Woodfield Mall in Schaumburg, which later became The Illinois Institute of Art—Schaumburg. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago In late 2007, The Art Institute of Michigan serving the Detroit metropolitan area became a branch location of The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Although the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was a candidate for accreditation by the Higher Learning Commission (HLC), in 2015 HLC placed the institute "On Notice. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago "Illinois" is the modern spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers' name for the Illinois Native Americans, a name that was spelled in many different ways in the early records. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois In 1961, Illinois became the first state in the nation to adopt the recommendation of the American Law Institute and pass a comprehensive criminal code revision that repealed the law against sodomy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Illinois The legacy of the CIAM was a roughly common style and doctrine which helped define modern architecture in Europe and the United States after World War II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern architecture He constructed new buildings for the Institute in modernist style, two high-rise apartment buildings on Lakeshore Drive (1948–51), which became models for high-rises across the country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern architecture Otto Wagner, in Vienna, was another pioneer of the new style. In his book Moderne Architektur (1895) he had called for a more rationalist style of architecture, based on "modern life". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern architecture MIT students counterpranked the Lobby 7 dome to read "The Only Institute of Technology", and had to resort to pulling the blimp down using helium balloons covered in sticky tape. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Caltech–MIT rivalry It was discovered on 13 January 1983 by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory in the United States. It is named after the California Institute of Technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 2906 Caltech Membership includes Caltech faculty, staff, graduate students, undergraduate seniors, alumni, trustees, and Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and staff of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the Palomar Observatory, and the Huntington Library and Art Gallery. Notable regulars at the Athenaeum Round Table have included: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Athenaeum at Caltech It is a modern paraphrase of the constructions of high gothic style period: the supporting system and colourful stained glass and the reinforced concrete skeleton and glass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Style (architecture) In 2006, Hugh Pearman, the British architectural critic of The Times, observed that those using the style today are simply "another species of revivalist", noting the irony. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Style (architecture) The call for a post-modern style was joined by Christian de Portzamparc in France and Ricardo Bofill in Spain, and in Japan by Arata Isozaki. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Postmodern architecture Prairie School is a late 19th- and early 20th-century architectural style, most common in the Midwestern United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Prairie School He set up a new education at the department of architecture of the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago replacing the traditional Ecole des Beaux-Art curriculum by a three-step-education beginning with crafts of drawing and construction leading to planning skills and finishing with theory of architecture (compare Vitruvius: firmitas, utilitas, venustas). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe He called his buildings "skin and bones" architecture. He sought an objective approach that would guide the creative process of architectural design, but was always concerned with expressing the spirit of the modern era. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Centrally located on the campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology, two miles south of downtown Chicago, Illinois, the building houses Illinois Tech's school of architecture, city planning, and the department of design. The two-level building is configured as a pure rectangular form, 220 ft. by 120 ft. by 18 ft. tall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) S. R. Crown Hall After an architectural style has gone out of fashion, revivals and re-interpretations may occur. For instance, classicism has been revived many times and found new life as neoclassicism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Architectural style MIT alumnus and faculty member George Ellery Hale played a central role in the development of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), and other faculty members have been key founders of Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering in nearby Needham, Massachusetts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Massachusetts Institute of Technology In 1986, Beckman agreed to donate $50 million towards the institute and its endowment. Designed by architect Albert C. Martin, Jr. in a Spanish style, the Beckman Institute was dedicated on October 26, 1989, and opened in 1990.In 1971 a magnitude-6.6 earthquake in San Fernando caused some damage to the Caltech campus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Campus of the California Institute of Technology The Institute also concluded an upgrading of the south houses in 2006. In late 2010, Caltech completed a 1.3 MW solar array projected to produce approximately 1.6 GWh in 2011. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Campus of the California Institute of Technology The University of Illinois Institute of Aviation was an aviation institute affiliated with the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Founded in 1945, it was located at the university-owned Willard Airport in Savoy, Illinois, United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Illinois Institute of Aviation The Institute of Aviation was placed under review by the University of Illinois in the spring of 2010. The university faced a major budget shortfall, and was owed $431 million by the state of Illinois. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) University of Illinois Institute of Aviation Styles therefore emerge from the history of a society and are documented in the subject of architectural history. At any time several styles may be fashionable, and when a style changes it usually does so gradually, as architects learn and adapt to new ideas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of architectural styles It is in Florence that the new architectural style had its beginning, not slowly evolving in the way that Gothic grew out of Romanesque, but consciously brought to being by particular architects who sought to revive the order of a past "Golden Age". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Renaissance architecture The school was known successively as Throop University, Throop Polytechnic Institute (and Manual Training School) and Throop College of Technology before acquiring its current name in 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) California Institute of Technology The Institute launched the Kavli Nanoscience Institute at Caltech in 2006, the Keck Institute for Space Studies in 2008, and is also the current home for the Einstein Papers Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) California Institute of Technology Caltech was ranked as the best university in the world in two categories: Engineering & Technology and Physical Sciences. It was also found to have the highest faculty citation rate in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) California Institute of Technology These include covering up the word Massachusetts in the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" engraving on the main building façade with a banner so that it read "That Other Institute of Technology". A group of MIT hackers responded by altering the banner so that the inscription read "The Only Institute of Technology." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) California Institute of Technology The Illinois Family Institute (IFI) was founded by former Illinois State Representative Penny Pullen as a nonprofit corporation on March 28, 1990, in Tinley Park, Illinois. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Family Institute IFI's executive director, David E. Smith, has been involved with the organization since March 2004.In 2003, Peter LaBarbera was named head of the Focus on the Family affiliate, Illinois Family Institute. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Family Institute The Illinois Family Institute (IFI) is a Christian organization based in Tinley Park, Illinois. Founded in 1990, its stated mission is "upholding and re-affirming marriage, family, life and liberty in Illinois", and it is affiliated with the American Family Association. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Family Institute Illinois Family Institute was designated an anti-gay "hate group" in 2009 by the Southern Poverty Law Center. The SPLC report stated that IFI was "heavily focused on attacking gay people and homosexuality in general. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Family Institute Two years before the merger, German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe joined the then Armour Institute of Technology to head both Armour's and the Art Institute of Chicago's architecture program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology Three colleges merged with Illinois Tech after the 1940 Armor/Lewis merger: Institute of Design in 1949, Chicago-Kent College of Law in 1969, and Midwest College of Engineering in 1986. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Tech opened its first new academic building in nearly 40 years in October 2018, when it dedicated the Ed Kaplan Family Institute for Innovation and Tech Entrepreneurship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology In 1976, the American Institute of Architects recognized the Illinois Tech main campus, centered at 33rd and State Streets in Chicago, as one of the 200 most significant works of architecture in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology Two years before the merger, German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe joined the then Armour Institute of Technology to head both Armour's and the Art Institute of Chicago's architecture program. The Art Institute would later separate and form its own program. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology This 19-acre (7.69 ha) campus opened its doors in January 1991. Moffett Campus in Bedford Park, Illinois, is home to the Institute for Food Safety and Health. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Technology A return to more classical architectural forms as a reaction to the Rococo style can be detected in some European architecture of the earlier 18th century, most vividly represented in the Palladian architecture of Georgian Britain and Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Neoclassical architecture Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style produced by the Neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century in Italy and France which then became one of the most prominent and iconic architectural styles in the Western World. The development of archaeology was crucial in the emergence of Neoclassical architecture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Neoclassical architecture The style is manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulae as an outgrowth of some classicising features of the Late Baroque architectural tradition. Therefore, the style is defined by symmetry, simple geometry, and social demands instead of ornament. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Neoclassical architecture Avery House is part of the housing system at the California Institute of Technology, participating in Rotation and housing undergraduates, yearlong exchange students, faculty, and visiting guests. Avery's members are called "Averites." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) House System at the California Institute of Technology The MCM design aesthetic is modern in style and construction, aligned with the Modernism movement of the period. It is typically characterized by clean, simple lines and honest use of materials, and it generally does not include decorative embellishments. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mid-century modern Donald Wexler: Steel Developmental Houses, Sunny View Drive (1961). Home developer, Alexander Homes, popularized this post-and-beam architectural style in the Coachella Valley. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mid-century modern The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago took advantage of the expansion and renovation of the first floor of the West Mart Center (350 N. Orleans) of the Merchandise Mart Center and Apparel Center complex. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Also, in June, 2008, Argosy University moved out of the spaces at the Mart Center Campus allowing The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago to grow its programs that serve the fashion and the interior design industries further there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago In 2018, The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago lost their HLC accreditation by going from "Accredited" to "Candidate" following the Education Management Corporations sale to the Dream Center Foundation through Dream Center Education Holdings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago In late 2007, The Art Institute of Michigan serving the Detroit metropolitan area became a branch location of The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago. Also, progression was made to include officially The Art Institute locations at Schaumburg and Cincinnati as branch locations under the umbrella of The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago The 1970s and 1980s saw notable contributions in computer-based learning by Murray Turoff and Starr Roxanne Hiltz at the New Jersey Institute of Technology as well as developments at the University of Guelph in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Educational technology University-level programs, like edX founded by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, offer wide range of disciplines at no charge, while others permit students to audit a course at no charge but require a small fee for accreditation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Educational technology Technology is "rapidly and profoundly altering our brains." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Educational technology Schools like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have made certain course materials free online. Although some aspects of a classroom setting are missed by using these resources, they are helpful tools to add additional support to the educational system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Educational technology Illinois has a climate that varies widely throughout the year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is one of the partners in the Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI), a $500 million biofuels research project funded by petroleum giant BP. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois As of 19 August 2010, six of these rank in the "first tier" among the top 500 National Universities in the nation, as determined by the U.S. News & World Report rankings: the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Loyola University Chicago, the Illinois Institute of Technology, DePaul University, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois State University, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, and Northern Illinois University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Illinois The Art Deco architectural style (called Style Moderne in France), was modern, but it was not modernist; it had many features of modernism, including the use of reinforced concrete, glass, steel, chrome, and it rejected traditional historical models, such as the Beaux-Arts style and Neo-classicism; but, unlike the modernist styles of Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe, it made lavish use of decoration and color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern architecture Many of the notable modern buildings in the postwar years were produced by two architectural mega-agencies, which brought together large teams of designers for very complex projects. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern architecture His architectural designs were more like enormous pieces of sculpture than traditional modern buildings; he broke away from the elegant boxes inspired by Mies van der Rohe and used instead sweeping curves and parabolas, like the wings of birds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern architecture Fallingwater is a remarkable structure of concrete slabs suspended over a waterfall, perfectly uniting architecture and nature. The Austrian architect Rudolph Schindler designed what could be called the first house in the modern style in 1922, the Schindler house. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern architecture The term MiMo has only recently been associated with the style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Miami Modern architecture In 1987, Parsons completely remixed the album, including additional guitar passages and narration (by Orson Welles) as well as updating the production style to include heavy reverb and the gated reverb snare drum sound, which was popular in the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tales of Mystery and Imagination (Alan Parsons Project album) This was soon identified as one of the style's primary weaknesses. In 2006, Hugh Pearman, the British architectural critic of The Times, observed that those using the style today are simply "another species of revivalist", noting the irony. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Style (architecture) Postmodern architecture is a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style advocated by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Postmodern architecture Postmodern architecture is a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style advocated by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. The movement was introduced by the architect and urban planner Denise Scott Brown and architectural theorist Robert Venturi in their book Learning from Las Vegas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Postmodern architecture While postmodernism was best known as an American style, notable examples also appeared in Europe. In 1991 Robert Venturi completed the Sainsbury Wing of the National Gallery in London, which was modern but harmonized with the neoclassical architecture in and around Trafalgar Square. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Postmodern architecture But many of the young Midwestern architects of what would become the Prairie School were offended by the Greek and Roman classicism of nearly every building erected for the fair. In reaction, they sought to create new work in and around Chicago that would display a uniquely modern and authentically American style, which came to be called Prairie. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Prairie School Progressive thinkers called for a completely new architectural design process guided by rational problem-solving and an exterior expression of modern materials and structure rather than what they considered the superficial application of classical facades. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe He sought an objective approach that would guide the creative process of architectural design, but was always concerned with expressing the spirit of the modern era. He is often associated with his fondness for the aphorisms, "less is more" and "God is in the details". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe They are documented in the subject of architectural history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Architectural style In and of itself, vernacular architecture is not a style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Architectural style While many architectural styles explore harmonious ideals, Mannerism wants to take style a step further and explores the aesthetics of hyperbole and exaggeration. Mannerism is notable for its intellectual sophistication as well as its artificial (as opposed to naturalistic) qualities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Architectural style The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) was designed and constructed by a team of scientists from California Institute of Technology, MIT, and industrial contractors, and funded by the National Science Foundation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT's proximity to Harvard University ("the other school up the river") has led to a substantial number of research collaborations such as the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology and the Broad Institute. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Following on from this development, in 1966 Gray's School of Art was relocated to a Modernist building on the Garthdee Estate, which marked the beginning of the redevelopment of Garthdee by Robert Gordon's Institute of Technology (the institution which would develop into The Robert Gordon University). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gray's School of Art It is one of the 60 DoCoMoMo Key Scottish Monuments, a list of notable Scottish post-war buildings selected as significant examples of architectural style, building materials and location. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Gray's School of Art Founding of the Beckman Institute at Caltech was supported by a major philanthropic gift from the Arnold Orville Beckman and his wife Mabel, through the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. Beckman had a long-term relationship with Caltech as a student, teacher and trustee. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Campus of the California Institute of Technology Computer science (CS) programs tend to focus more on theory and design, whereas Information Technology programs are structured to equip the graduate with expertise in the practical application of technology solutions to support modern business and user needs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Information technology The Parkland College Institute of Aviation at the University of Illinois will allow students to earn a two-year associate degree in aviation or take courses to earn FAA-approved pilot certification to various levels. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) University of Illinois Institute of Aviation Papers that rely solely on Caltech 101 are frequently rejected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Caltech 101 It is intended to address some of the weaknesses of Caltech 101. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Caltech 101 It is based on Caltech 101 and is collected from Flickr. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Caltech 101 An architectural style is characterized by the features that make a building or other structure notable and historically identifiable. A style may include such elements as form, method of construction, building materials, and regional character. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of architectural styles Within Italy the evolution of Renaissance architecture into Mannerism, with widely diverging tendencies in the work of Michelangelo and Giulio Romano and Andrea Palladio, led to the Baroque style in which the same architectural vocabulary was used for very different rhetoric. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renaissance architecture Mannerism in architecture was marked by widely diverging tendencies in the work of Michelangelo, Giulio Romano, Baldassare Peruzzi and Andrea Palladio, that led to the Baroque style in which the same architectural vocabulary was used for very different rhetoric. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renaissance architecture The Renaissance architecture coexisted with the Gothic style in Bohemia and Moravia until the late 16th century (e. g. the residential part of a palace was built in the modern Renaissance style but its chapel was designed with Gothic elements). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renaissance architecture in particular, was home to the Renaissance. It is in Florence that the new architectural style had its beginning, not slowly evolving in the way that Gothic grew out of Romanesque, but consciously brought to being by particular architects who sought to revive the order of a past "Golden Age". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renaissance architecture Many of the concepts and forms of Renaissance architecture can be traced through subsequent architectural movements—from Renaissance to High-Renaissance, to Mannerism, to Baroque (or Rococo), to Neo-Classicism, and to Eclecticism. While Renaissance style and motifs were largely purged from Modernism, they have been reasserted in some Postmodern architecture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Renaissance architecture In the same year, a bill was introduced in the California Legislature calling for the establishment of a publicly funded "California Institute of Technology", with an initial budget of a million dollars, ten times the budget of Throop at the time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Subsequently, they continued their partnership in developing Caltech. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Undergraduates at Caltech are also encouraged to participate in research. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Numerous faculty members are associated with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as well as NASA. According to a 2015 Pomona College study, Caltech ranked number one in the U.S. for the percentage of its graduates who go on to earn a PhD. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Caltech started as a vocational school founded in present-day Old Pasadena on Fair Oaks Avenue and Chestnut Street on September 23, 1891 by local businessman and politician Amos G. Throop. The school was known successively as Throop University, Throop Polytechnic Institute (and Manual Training School) and Throop College of Technology before acquiring its current name in 1920. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology The school was known successively as Throop University, Throop Polytechnic Institute (and Manual Training School) and Throop College of Technology before acquiring its current name in 1920. The vocational school was disbanded and the preparatory program was split off to form the independent Polytechnic School in 1907. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology In fall 2008, the freshman class was 42% female, a record for Caltech's undergraduate enrollment. In the same year, the Institute concluded a six-year-long fund-raising campaign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology In 2008, JPL spent over $1.6 billion on research and development and employed over 5,000 project-related and support employees. The JPL Director also serves as a Caltech Vice President and is responsible to the President of the Institute for the management of the laboratory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Caltech was ranked 1st internationally between 2011 and 2016 by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings. Caltech was ranked as the best university in the world in two categories: Engineering & Technology and Physical Sciences. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology It serves as preparation for graduate school and helps to explain why Caltech has the highest percentage of alumni who go on to receive a PhD of all the major universities. The licensing and transferring of technology to the commercial sector is managed by the Office of Technology Transfer (OTT). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology Caltech is also the inspiration, and frequent film location, for the California Institute of Science in Numb3rs. On film, the Pacific Tech of The War of the Worlds and Real Genius is based on Caltech. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) California Institute of Technology In addition to commercial applications, wearable technology is being researched and developed for a multitude of uses. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is one of the many research institutions developing and testing technologies in this field. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wearable technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is one of the many research institutions developing and testing technologies in this field. For example, research is being done to improve haptic technology for its integration into next-generation wearables. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wearable technology JPL traces its beginnings to 1936 in the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT) when the first set of rocket experiments were carried out in the Arroyo Seco. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jet Propulsion Laboratory Illinois Family Institute opposes abortion, separation of church and state, "activist judges", and the "marriage penalty". They further oppose the recognition of civil unions, same-sex marriage and all laws recognizing or protecting non-heterosexual relationships or activity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Family Institute Illinois Family Institute has been criticized for some of its positions, most notably their stances on LGBT issues. In 2009, Laurie Higgins, the directory of school advocacy for IFI said: "There was something profoundly good for society about the prior stigmatization of homosexual practice". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Family Institute In the mid 20th century, it became closely associated with trends in modernist architecture through the work of its Dean of Architecture Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who designed its campus. The Institute of Design, Chicago-Kent College of Law, and Midwest College of Engineering were also merged into Illinois Tech. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Tech was created in 1940 by the merger of Armour Institute and Lewis Institute. Located on the west side of Chicago, Lewis Institute, established in 1895 by the estate of hardware merchant and investor Allen C. Lewis, offered liberal arts as well as science and engineering courses for both men and women. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology The Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Campus in Wheaton, Illinois houses some degree programs in Information Technology and Management. This 19-acre (7.69 ha) campus opened its doors in January 1991. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology Moffett Campus in Bedford Park, Illinois, is home to the Institute for Food Safety and Health. Moffett Campus was donated to Illinois Tech by CPC International Inc. in 1988.VanderCook College of Music shares Illinois Tech's Main Campus: VanderCook College of Music and offers cross-registration for Illinois Tech students. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology These were the first new buildings built on the Main Campus in 32 years. Illinois Tech opened its first new academic building in nearly 40 years in October 2018, when it dedicated the Ed Kaplan Family Institute for Innovation and Tech Entrepreneurship. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology In 1976, American Institute of Architects named the Illinois Tech campus one of the 200 most significant works of architecture in the United States. Mies Campus was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology Ronan's building, the first new academic building in more than 40 years, was completed in 2018. In 2019, the Kaplan Center won the American Institute of Architects Chicago Chapter' s highest architectural design award. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Technology Other schools, such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Cincinnati have embraced experimental or contemporary architecture. The MIT campus features work from Modernists such as Eero Saarinen and I.M. Pei, as well as contemporary buildings by architects such as Steven Holl. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) History of college campuses and architecture in the United States In form, Neoclassical architecture emphasizes the wall rather than chiaroscuro and maintains separate identities to each of its parts. The style is manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulae as an outgrowth of some classicising features of the Late Baroque architectural tradition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Neoclassical architecture A return to more classical architectural forms as a reaction to the Rococo style can be detected in some European architecture of the earlier 18th century, most vividly represented in the Palladian architecture of Georgian Britain and Ireland. The name refers to designs of the 16th century Venetian architect Andrea Palladio. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Neoclassical architecture Members of Dabney House are referred to as Darbs, a combination of the name of the House with a 1920s slang term darb, meaning something or someone very handsome, valuable, attractive, or otherwise excellent. Joseph B. Dabney, owner of the Dabney Oil Syndicate, was a trustee of California Institute of Technology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) House System at the California Institute of Technology This style emphasized creating structures with ample windows and open floor plans, with the intention of opening up interior spaces and bringing the outdoors in. Many Mid-century houses utilized then-groundbreaking post and beam architectural design that eliminated bulky support walls in favor of walls seemingly made of glass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mid-century modern Home developer, Alexander Homes, popularized this post-and-beam architectural style in the Coachella Valley. Alexander houses and similar homes feature low-pitched roofs, wide eaves, open-beamed ceilings, and floor-to-ceiling windows. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mid-century modern Scandinavian design was very influential at this time, with a style characterized by simplicity, democratic design and natural shapes. Glassware (Iittala – Finland), ceramics (Arabia – Finland), tableware (Georg Jensen – Denmark), lighting (Poul Henningsen – Denmark), and furniture (Danish modern) were some of the genres for the products created. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mid-century modern Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was a for-profit art and culinary school, which briefly operated as a non-profit institution before it closed in 2018. The school was one of a number of Art Institutes, a franchise of for-profit art colleges with many branches in North America, owned and operated by Education Management Corporation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago In 1985, the president of the college, Wade Ray, opened a branch campus near Woodfield Mall in Schaumburg, which later became The Illinois Institute of Art—Schaumburg. One year later, the college was granted authority to award Bachelor of Arts degrees by the Illinois Board of Higher Education. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Since 1995, The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago has grown by programs and floor space for its growing student body. The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago took advantage of the expansion and renovation of the first floor of the West Mart Center (350 N. Orleans) of the Merchandise Mart Center and Apparel Center complex. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago The Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago took advantage of the expansion and renovation of the first floor of the West Mart Center (350 N. Orleans) of the Merchandise Mart Center and Apparel Center complex. Most all of the new floor space was shared and occupied by the Illinois Institute of Art and by Argosy University. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago Too much information, coming too rapidly, can overwhelm thinking. Technology is "rapidly and profoundly altering our brains." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Educational technology "Illinois" is the modern spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers' name for the Illinois Native Americans, a name that was spelled in many different ways in the early records. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant 'man' or 'men' in the Miami-Illinois language, with the original iliniwek transformed via French into Illinois. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois With eleven plants currently operating, Illinois leads all states in the amount of electricity generated from nuclear power. In 1961, Illinois became the first state in the nation to adopt the recommendation of the American Law Institute and pass a comprehensive criminal code revision that repealed the law against sodomy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois In 1961, Illinois became the first state in the nation to adopt the recommendation of the American Law Institute and pass a comprehensive criminal code revision that repealed the law against sodomy. The code also abrogated common law crimes and established an age of consent of 18. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois The modern Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum in Springfield is the largest and most attended presidential library in the country. The Illinois State Museum boasts a collection of 13.5 million objects that tell the story of Illinois life, land, people, and art. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois The use of dark brick in the German projects gave that particular style a name, Brick Expressionism. The Austrian philosopher, architect, and social critic Rudolf Steiner also departed as far as possible from traditional architectural forms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern architecture The group met once more in Paris in 1937 to discuss public housing and was scheduled to meet in the United States in 1939, but the meeting was cancelled because of the war. The legacy of the CIAM was a roughly common style and doctrine which helped define modern architecture in Europe and the United States after World War II. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern architecture In 1947, he published a book about Mies van der Rohe, and in 1953 designed his own residence, the Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut in a style modeled after Mies's Farnsworth House. Beginning in 1955 he began to go in his own direction, moving gradually toward expressionism with designs that increasingly departed from the orthodoxies of modern architecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern architecture After the war he worked on large projects for the New York real estate developer William Zeckendorf, before breaking away and starting his own firm. One of the first buildings his own firm designed was the Green Building at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern architecture One of the first buildings his own firm designed was the Green Building at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While the clean modernist facade was admired, the building developed an unexpected problem; it created a wind tunnel effect, and in strong winds the doors could not be opened. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern architecture Tomas Bata Memorial is the most valuable monument of the Zlín functionalism. It is a modern paraphrase of the constructions of high gothic style period: the supporting system and colourful stained glass and the reinforced concrete skeleton and glass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Style (architecture) With the rise of Nazism, a number of key European modern architects fled to the USA. When Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer fled Germany they both arrived at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, in an excellent position to extend their influence and promote the Bauhaus as the primary source of architectural modernism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Style (architecture) In 2006, Hugh Pearman, the British architectural critic of The Times, observed that those using the style today are simply "another species of revivalist", noting the irony. The negative reaction to internationalist modernism has been linked to public antipathy to overall development. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Style (architecture) The movement was introduced by the architect and urban planner Denise Scott Brown and architectural theorist Robert Venturi in their book Learning from Las Vegas. The style flourished from the 1980s through the 1990s, particularly in the work of Scott Brown & Venturi, Philip Johnson, Charles Moore and Michael Graves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Postmodern architecture Similar ideas were and projects were put forward at the Venice Biennale in 1980. The call for a post-modern style was joined by Christian de Portzamparc in France and Ricardo Bofill in Spain, and in Japan by Arata Isozaki. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Postmodern architecture The functional and formalized shapes and spaces of the modernist style are replaced by diverse aesthetics: styles collide, form is adopted for its own sake, and new ways of viewing familiar styles and space abound. Perhaps most obviously, architects rediscovered past architectural ornament and forms which had been abstracted by the Modernist architects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Postmodern architecture The style he created made a statement with its extreme clarity and simplicity. His mature buildings made use of modern materials such as industrial steel and plate glass to define interior spaces, as also conducted by other modernist architects in the 1920s and 1930s such as Richard Neutra. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe After World War I, while still designing traditional neoclassical homes, Mies began a parallel experimental effort. He joined his avant-garde peers in the long-running search for a new style that would be suitable for the modern industrial age. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe He joined his avant-garde peers in the long-running search for a new style that would be suitable for the modern industrial age. The weak points of traditional styles had been under attack by progressive theorists since the mid-nineteenth century, primarily for the contradictions of hiding modern construction technology with a facade of ornamented traditional styles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe An architectural style is a set of characteristics and features that make a building or other structure notable or historically identifiable. It is a sub-class of style in the visual arts generally, and most styles in architecture relate closely to a wider contemporary artistic style. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Architectural style Styles therefore emerge from the history of a society. They are documented in the subject of architectural history. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Architectural style An architectural style may also spread through colonialism, either by foreign colonies learning from their home country, or by settlers moving to a new land. One example is the Spanish missions in California, brought by Spanish priests in the late 18th century and built in a unique style. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Architectural style The cost of buildings and new faculty for the new college is expected to be $1 billion upon completion. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) was designed and constructed by a team of scientists from California Institute of Technology, MIT, and industrial contractors, and funded by the National Science Foundation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) was designed and constructed by a team of scientists from California Institute of Technology, MIT, and industrial contractors, and funded by the National Science Foundation. It was designed to open the field of gravitational-wave astronomy through the detection of gravitational waves predicted by general relativity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT), was a research institute created in 1926, at first specializing in aeronautics research. In 1930, Hungarian scientist Theodore von Kármán accepted the directorship of the lab and emigrated to the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Campus of the California Institute of Technology It is a successor to Caltech 101. It is intended to address some of the weaknesses of Caltech 101. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Caltech 101 From Renaissance to BaroqueAs the new style of architecture spread out from Italy, most other European countries developed a sort of Proto-Renaissance style, before the construction of fully formulated Renaissance buildings. Each country in turn then grafted its own architectural traditions to the new style, so that Renaissance buildings across Europe are diversified by region. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Renaissance architecture It is in Florence that the new architectural style had its beginning, not slowly evolving in the way that Gothic grew out of Romanesque, but consciously brought to being by particular architects who sought to revive the order of a past "Golden Age". The scholarly approach to the architecture of the ancient coincided with the general revival of learning. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Renaissance architecture Palladio was to transform the architectural style of both palaces and churches by taking a different perspective on the notion of Classicism. While the architects of Florence and Rome looked to structures like the Colosseum and the Arch of Constantine to provide formulae, Palladio looked to classical temples with their simple peristyle form. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Renaissance architecture The traditional Gothic architecture was considered timeless and therefore able to express the sacredness. The Renaissance architecture coexisted with the Gothic style in Bohemia and Moravia until the late 16th century (e. g. the residential part of a palace was built in the modern Renaissance style but its chapel was designed with Gothic elements). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Renaissance architecture The Renaissance architecture coexisted with the Gothic style in Bohemia and Moravia until the late 16th century (e. g. the residential part of a palace was built in the modern Renaissance style but its chapel was designed with Gothic elements). The façades of Czech Renaissance buildings were often decorated with sgraffito (figural or ornamental). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Renaissance architecture Today, there are myriad exceptions to the honor code in the form of new Institute policies such as the fire policy and alcohol policy. Although both policies are presented in the Honor System Handbook given to new members of the Caltech community, some undergraduates regard them as a slight against the honor code and the implicit trust and respect it represents within the community. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) California Institute of Technology On television, it plays a prominent role and is the workplace of all four male lead characters and one female lead character in the sitcom The Big Bang Theory. Caltech is also the inspiration, and frequent film location, for the California Institute of Science in Numb3rs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) California Institute of Technology The Illinois Policy Institute (IPI) is a libertarian nonprofit think tank with offices in Chicago and Springfield. Founded in 2002, it is active in the areas of education policy, pension policy, and state budget issues. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Illinois Policy Institute JPL is a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) managed and operated by Caltech under a contract from NASA. In fiscal year 2012, the laboratory's budget was slightly under $1.5 billion, with the largest share going to Earth Science and Technology development. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jet Propulsion Laboratory
19034.	Q: Is the facade of the Milagres Church always the same color? Title = Milagres Church Description = Title = St-Milagres-Chirch-Hampangatta-Mangalore.JPG Description = A: No Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Color wheel, Milagres Church, NTSC, Milagres Church (Mangalore), Thomas de Castro, Color, Periwinkle (color), Milagres, Four color theorem, Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo), Roman Catholic Diocese of Udupi, Fuchsia (color), Holy Cross Church, Cordel, All horses are the same color, Color blindness, Mangalorean Catholics, Checker shadow illusion, Color symbolism, Kallianpur, Our Lady of the Miracles Cathedral, Kallianpur (Milagres Cathedral) Toggle details	In the same year, he also destroyed 27 churches including the Milagres Church. --- (0.37, 0.0, 0.37) Milagres Church (Mangalore) By the same reasoning, these too, must also be of the same color. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) All horses are the same color Thus in any group of horses, all horses must be the same color. --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) All horses are the same color horses always are the same color. Consider a group consisting of --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) All horses are the same color That the two squares are the same color can be proven using any of the following methods: --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Checker shadow illusion Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Color wheel If there is only one horse in the "group", then clearly all horses in that group have the same color. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) All horses are the same color Connect the squares with a rectangle of the same color, as seen in the figure to the right. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Checker shadow illusion The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Color symbolism He later founded the famous Milagres Church in Mangalore, South Canara, Karnataka. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Thomas de Castro Forcing two separate regions to have the same color can be modelled by adding a 'handle' joining them outside the plane. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Four color theorem We already saw in the base case that the rule ("all horses have the same color") was valid for --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) All horses are the same color horses always are the same color. Likewise, exclude some other horse (not identical to the one first removed) and look only at the other --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) All horses are the same color horses will also have the same color. We already saw in the base case that the rule ("all horses have the same color") was valid for --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) All horses are the same color He was gifted land by the rulers of Canara, on which he built the Milagres Church, Mangalore, Karnataka. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Thomas de Castro If we required the entire territory of a country to receive the same color, then four colors are not always sufficient. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Four color theorem Hence the first horse excluded, the non-excluded horses, and last horse excluded are all of the same color, and we have proven that: --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) All horses are the same color When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) All horses are the same color The case with just one horse is trivial. If there is only one horse in the "group", then clearly all horses in that group have the same color. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) All horses are the same color When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). The same is true when horse B is removed. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) All horses are the same color It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Color blindness Some objects not only reflect light, but also transmit light or emit light themselves, which also contributes to the color. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Color Dubois to the Cordel plateau, where the Cordel Church now stands. When his vision to raise a grand church at Milagres failed to fructify, he shifted his base to Cordel. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Holy Cross Church, Cordel Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) All horses are the same color Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Color blindness It can be a calming color, and symbolize reliability. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Color symbolism Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. For example, light blue, indigo, and cyan blue. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Color wheel Its name is derived from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which bears flowers of the same color. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Periwinkle (color) By the same reasoning, these too, must also be of the same color. Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) All horses are the same color Therefore, the first horse that was excluded is of the same color as the non-excluded horses, who in turn are of the same color as the other excluded horse. Hence the first horse excluded, the non-excluded horses, and last horse excluded are all of the same color, and we have proven that: --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) All horses are the same color Let the two horses be horse A and horse B. When horse A is removed, it is true that the remaining horses in the set are the same color (only horse B remains). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) All horses are the same color In one example, a company selling a paint color named “off white” more than doubled its sales by renaming the same color as “ancient silk.” --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Color symbolism For example, red, orange, and yellow are analogous colors. Monochromic colors are different shades of the same color. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color wheel Two different light spectra that have the same effect on the three color receptors in the human eye will be perceived as the same color. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Four color theorem If we required the entire territory of a country to receive the same color, then four colors are not always sufficient. For instance, consider a simplified map: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Four color theorem All horses are the same color is a falsidical paradox that arises from a flawed use of mathematical induction to prove the statement All horses are the same color. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) All horses are the same color Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color blindness Third, for some color blind people, color can only be distinguished if there is a sufficient "mass" of color: thin lines might appear black, while a thicker line of the same color can be perceived as having color. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color blindness The Milagres Church, one of the oldest churches in South Canara, was built in 1680 by Bishop Thomas de Castro. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Mangalorean Catholics It is a color often associated with sunshine or joy. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color symbolism The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color symbolism It can be a calming color, and symbolize reliability. In the Catholic Church, the Virgin Mary is most often depicted wearing blue, to symbolize being "full of grace" by divine favor. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Color symbolism Two different light spectra that have the same effect on the three color receptors in the human eye will be perceived as the same color. They are metamers of that color. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Color Hadwiger–Nelson problem: how many colors are needed to color the plane so that no two points at unit distance apart have the same color? --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Four color theorem There is great diversity in the use of colors and their associations between cultures and even within the same culture in different time periods. The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Color symbolism They make use of the trichromatic model of color. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color wheel This type of color matching is known as metameric matching. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color wheel Believing that the local Christians had conspired against him with the British during the Second Anglo-Mysore War; Tipu captured about 60,000 Mangalorean Catholics on Ash Wednesday 24 February 1784, and herded them to his capital at Seringapatam. In the same year, he also destroyed 27 churches including the Milagres Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Milagres Church (Mangalore) The science of color is sometimes called chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color In fact, one may formally define a color as a class of spectra that give rise to the same color sensation, although such classes would vary widely among different species, and to a lesser extent among individuals within the same species. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color Periwinkle is a color in the blue and violet family. Its name is derived from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which bears flowers of the same color. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Periwinkle (color) As before we remove the vertex v and four-color the remaining vertices. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem Other false disproofs violate the assumptions of the theorem, such as using a region that consists of multiple disconnected parts, or disallowing regions of the same color from touching at a point. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem In this map, the two regions labeled A belong to the same country. If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem If we wanted those regions to receive the same color, then five colors would be required, since the two A regions together are adjacent to four other regions, each of which is adjacent to all the others. Forcing two separate regions to have the same color can be modelled by adding a 'handle' joining them outside the plane. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Four color theorem The diocese which now contains 47 parishes, it was previously a parish church as "Church of Our Lady of Miracles" or the Milagres Church, the parish was partitioned from the Mangalore Diocese, while the parish church was elevated to the Cathedral of Our Lady of Miracles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Roman Catholic Diocese of Udupi Dubois to the Cordel plateau, where the Cordel Church now stands. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Holy Cross Church, Cordel It has also been restated as "All cows have the same color". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color The same is true when horse B is removed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) All horses are the same color The ability to see color also decreases in old age. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness This form of color blindness is not sex-linked. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness Total color blindness is defined as the inability to see color. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color blindness Evkaristik Purshanv (Eucharistic Procession) is an annual religious procession led by the Bishop of Mangalore from Milagres Church to Rosario Cathedral. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mangalorean Catholics In some instances color symbolism in marketing is constructed. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color symbolism The same color may have very different associations within the same culture at any time. Diversity in color symbolism occurs because color meanings and symbolism occur on an individual, cultural and universal basis. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color symbolism The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. Even the colors that denote powerful emotions vary. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Color symbolism Built about the same time as the Milagres church, Mangalore, it was founded according to the treaty between the Portuguese and Queen Keladi Chennamma of Bednore who ruled over Canara from 1671 to 1697. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Kallianpur In 1678, the Portuguese hierarchy of Goa established this church of 'Nostra Senhora de Milagres' (Our Lady of the Miracles), popularly known as the Milagres Church. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Kallianpur The color circle is a useful tool for examining these illusions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color wheel Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color wheel A basic color scheme uses two colors that look appealing together. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color wheel This page primarily discusses the NTSC color encoding system. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) NTSC In January 1950, the committee was reconstituted to standardize color television. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) NTSC So the engineers chose the line frequency to be changed for the color standard. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) NTSC Among other things, the color burst phase would often drift. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) NTSC He later founded the famous Milagres Church in Mangalore, South Canara, Karnataka. He was the nephew of Dom Matheus de Castro (c.1594−1677), the first Indian Bishop of The Catholic Church. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Thomas de Castro He was gifted land by the rulers of Canara, on which he built the Milagres Church, Mangalore, Karnataka. Completed in 1680, this church is a prominent place of worship for Mangalorean Catholics. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Thomas de Castro The different color response of different devices can be problematic if not properly managed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color Periwinkle is a color in the blue and violet family. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Periwinkle (color) In mathematics, the four color theorem, or the four color map theorem, states that, given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, producing a figure called a map, no more than four colors are required to color the regions of the map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Four color theorem The intuitive statement of the four color theorem – "given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, the regions can be colored using at most four colors so that no two adjacent regions have the same color" – needs to be interpreted appropriately to be correct. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Four color theorem In graph-theoretic terminology, the four-color theorem states that the vertices of every planar graph can be colored with at most four colors so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color, or for short: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Four color theorem If this triangulated graph is colorable using four colors or fewer, so is the original graph since the same coloring is valid if edges are removed. So it suffices to prove the four color theorem for triangulated graphs to prove it for all planar graphs, and without loss of generality we assume the graph is triangulated. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Four color theorem The Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres) is a Portuguese 16th-century church located in the municipality of Vila do Corvo, on the island of Corvo in the archipelago of the Azores. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) Fuchsia is usually a more purplish color, whereas magenta is more reddish. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fuchsia (color) In the system of additive colors, the RGB color model used to create all the colors on a computer or television display, the colors magenta and fuchsia are exactly the same, and have the same hex number, #FF00FF. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fuchsia (color) Fuchsia rose is the color that was chosen as the 2001 Pantone color of the year by Pantone. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Fuchsia (color) The same is true when horse B is removed. However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) All horses are the same color Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness As of 2012, sunglasses that notch out color wavelengths are available commercially. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness This will still cause problems for those with monochromatic color blindness, but it is still something worth considering. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Inability to distinguish color does not necessarily preclude the ability to become a celebrated artist. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness retinitis pigmentosa(initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness).Inherited color blindness can be congenital (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. Depending on the mutation, it can be stationary, that is, remain the same throughout a person's lifetime, or progressive. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness (Orange and yellow are different combinations of red and green light.) Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness Blue cone monochromacy (X chromosome) is caused by lack of functionality of L and M cones (red and green). It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color blindness For companies whose products are defined by the name of their color, their sales are susceptible to the symbolism and association of that name. In one example, a company selling a paint color named “off white” more than doubled its sales by renaming the same color as “ancient silk.” --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color symbolism Warning signs are coded differently as a danger is symbolized by green in Malaysia and red in the US and Mexico. The same color of green symbolizes envy in Belgium and the US, but envy is symbolized by yellow in Germany and Russia, and purple in Mexico. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Color symbolism They built a church only a few yards away from the Milagres Cathedral. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kallianpur In 1678, the Portuguese hierarchy of Goa established this church of 'Nostra Senhora de Milagres' (Our Lady of the Miracles), popularly known as the Milagres Church. Tipu Sultan destroyed this church in 1784. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Kallianpur The color circle is used for, among other purposes, illustrating additive color mixture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel Tetrad colors can be found by putting a square or rectangle on the color wheel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel An analogous color scheme is made up of colors next to each other on the wheel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel Triadic colors are colors that are evenly across from each other, in a triangle over the color wheel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel A color wheel based on RGB (red, green, blue) additive primaries has cyan, magenta, and yellow secondaries. Alternatively, the same arrangement of colors around a circle can be described as based on cyan, magenta, and yellow subtractive primaries, with red, green, and blue being secondaries. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color wheel The first NTSC standard was developed in 1941 and had no provision for color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) NTSC The TV receiver has a "local oscillator", which is synchronized with these color bursts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) NTSC The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) NTSC The Milagres Church (Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, English: Church of Our Lady of Miracles) is a historic Roman Catholic Church situated in the Hampankatta locality of Mangalore. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Milagres Church (Mangalore) In 1911, the facade of the church collapsed, following which then incumbent Parish priest Fr. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Milagres Church (Mangalore) In each such class the members are called metamers of the color in question. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color The color table should not be interpreted as a definitive list—the pure spectral colors form a continuous spectrum, and how it is divided into distinct colors linguistically is a matter of culture and historical contingency (although people everywhere have been shown to perceive colors in the same way). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color This theory has been supported by neurobiology, and accounts for the structure of our subjective color experience. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color Colors observed during that period will appear to lack the color component detected by the desensitized photoreceptors. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color For example, mixing green light (530 nm) and blue light (460 nm) produces cyan light that is slightly desaturated, because response of the red color receptor would be greater to the green and blue light in the mixture than it would be to a pure cyan light at 485 nm that has the same intensity as the mixture of blue and green. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color The color that a surface displays comes from the parts of the visible spectrum that are not absorbed and therefore remain visible. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color Structural color is studied in the field of thin-film optics. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color In fact, one may formally define a color as a class of spectra that give rise to the same color sensation, although such classes would vary widely among different species, and to a lesser extent among individuals within the same species. In each such class the members are called metamers of the color in question. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color For example, it is not possible to stimulate only the mid-wavelength (so-called "green") cones; the other cones will inevitably be stimulated to some degree at the same time. The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the human color space. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color The color periwinkle may be considered a pale tint of purple or a "pastel purple". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Periwinkle (color) If both the vertices and the faces of a planar graph are colored, in such a way that no two adjacent vertices, faces, or vertex-face pair have the same color, then again at most six colors are needed (Borodin 1984). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Four color theorem Conversely any planar graph can be formed from a map in this way. In graph-theoretic terminology, the four-color theorem states that the vertices of every planar graph can be colored with at most four colors so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color, or for short: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Four color theorem The annexes in the lateral facade are oriented towards the southeast with similar entrance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) In the RGB color model, used to create colors on computers and television screens, and in web colors, fuchsia and magenta are exactly the same color, made by mixing blue and red light at full and equal intensity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fuchsia (color) The color shown in the color box above is the color called "Fuchsia" in A Dictionary of Color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Fuchsia (color) When his vision to raise a grand church at Milagres failed to fructify, he shifted his base to Cordel. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Holy Cross Church, Cordel This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) All horses are the same color All horses are the same color is a falsidical paradox that arises from a flawed use of mathematical induction to prove the statement All horses are the same color. There is no actual contradiction, as these arguments have a crucial flaw that makes them incorrect. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) All horses are the same color However the statement "the first horse in the group is of the same color as the horses in the middle" is meaningless, because there are no "horses in the middle" (common elements (horses) in the two sets). Therefore, the above proof has a logical link broken. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) All horses are the same color However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Depending on the mutation, it can be stationary, that is, remain the same throughout a person's lifetime, or progressive. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Dichromats usually know they have a color vision problem, and it can affect their daily lives. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Anomalous trichromacy is the least serious type of color deficiency. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Some may not even be aware that their color perception is in any way different from normal. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness It is encoded at the same place as red–green color blindness on the X chromosome. Peak spectral sensitivities are in the blue region of the visible spectrum (near 440 nm). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness Third, for some color blind people, color can only be distinguished if there is a sufficient "mass" of color: thin lines might appear black, while a thicker line of the same color can be perceived as having color. Designers should also note that red–blue and yellow–blue color combinations are generally safe. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color blindness In 1700, the Catholics of Canara were again brought under the jurisdiction of the Padroado Archbishop of Goa. The Milagres Church, one of the oldest churches in South Canara, was built in 1680 by Bishop Thomas de Castro. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mangalorean Catholics This shrine, in existence since 1759, is said to have a history of miracles. Evkaristik Purshanv (Eucharistic Procession) is an annual religious procession led by the Bishop of Mangalore from Milagres Church to Rosario Cathedral. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mangalorean Catholics Red is a primary color across all models of colour space. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Blue is a primary color across all models of colour space. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Black is a primary color across all models of colour space. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism White is a primary color across all models of colour space. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism There are many additional variances in color symbolism between cultures. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Between the 5th and 17th centuries, the color was largely related to a religious context. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Additionally, the sacred color of Hindu and Buddhist monks is orange. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Color symbolism in art and anthropology refers to the use of color as a symbol in various cultures. There is great diversity in the use of colors and their associations between cultures and even within the same culture in different time periods. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism Today, purple symbolizes evil and infidelity in Japan, but the same is symbolized by blue in East Asia and by yellow in France. Additionally, the sacred color of Hindu and Buddhist monks is orange. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Color symbolism The Milagres Cathedral is a Cathedral dedicated to Our Lady of Miracles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kallianpur The Mount Rosary Church also runs an English Medium School. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Kallianpur Intermediate and interior points of color wheels and circles represent color mixtures. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel These often contain only blocks of color rather than the gradation between tones that is characteristic of the color circle. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel Color schemes are logical combinations of colors on the color wheel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color wheel The FCC had briefly approved a color television standard in October 1950, which was developed by CBS. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) NTSC The color subcarrier, as noted above, is 3.579545 MHz above the video carrier, and is quadrature-amplitude-modulated with a suppressed carrier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) NTSC Prior to the introduction of color, Brazil broadcast in standard black-and-white NTSC. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) NTSC Bishop de Castro died in Mangalore on 16 July 1684 at the age of 68 years, his grave in the Milagres Church cemetery can be identified by a bronze slab next to the St. Monica Chapel. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Thomas de Castro He also remained the Vicar Apostolic of the Latin Catholic Archdiocese of Verapoly (1675–1689), in present-day Varappuzha in Kerala. He was gifted land by the rulers of Canara, on which he built the Milagres Church, Mangalore, Karnataka. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Thomas de Castro Newton's conception included a seventh color, indigo, between blue and violet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color The color of an object depends on both the physics of the object in its environment and the characteristics of the perceiving eye and brain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Opaque objects that do not reflect specularly (which tend to have rough surfaces) have their color determined by which wavelengths of light they scatter strongly (with the light that is not scattered being absorbed). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color If they also absorb (or reflect) light of various wavelengths differentially, they appear tinted with a color determined by the nature of that absorption (or that reflectance). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color "At the same time as Helmholtz, Ewald Hering developed the opponent process theory of color, noting that color blindness and afterimages typically come in opponent pairs (red-green, blue-orange, yellow-violet, and black-white). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the human color space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color This is used to reproduce color scenes in photography, printing, television, and other media. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Because of this, and because the primaries in color printing systems generally are not pure themselves, the colors reproduced are never perfectly saturated spectral colors, and so spectral colors cannot be matched exactly. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color The characteristics of the color sensors in the devices are often very far from the characteristics of the receptors in the human eye. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Additive color is light created by mixing together light of two or more different colors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color When a pigment or ink is added, wavelengths are absorbed or "subtracted" from white light, so light of another color reaches the eye. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Colorfulness, chroma, purity, or saturation: how "intense" or "concentrated" a color is. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color These terms, and others related to light and color are internationally agreed upon and published in the CIE Lighting Vocabulary. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color Value, brightness, lightness, or luminosity: how light or dark a color is. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color The first recorded use of periwinkle as a color name in English was in 1922. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Periwinkle (color) In this map, the two regions labeled A belong to the same country. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Four color theorem In 2001, the same authors announced an alternative proof, by proving the snark conjecture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Four color theorem The first recorded use of fuchsia as a color name in English was in 1892. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) In color printing and design, there are more variations between magenta and fuchsia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) Deep fuchsia is the color that is called fuchsia in the List of Crayola crayon colors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) The first recorded use of fandango as a color name in English was in 1925. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) The color shown above is somewhat brighter than most actual flowers of the fuchsia plant. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) The name fuchsia is used on the HTML web color list for this color, while the name magenta is used on the X11 web color list. They are both composed the same way, by combining an equal amount of blue and red light at full brightness, as shown in the image on the left. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Fuchsia (color) Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness The red is blood red, the amber is yellow and the green is a bluish color. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness is a rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electroretinogram, and electrooculogram. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Both "protans" and "deutans" (of which the deutans are by far the most common) are known as "red–green color-blind". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red–green color coding. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness They are collectively referred to as "red–green color blindness", though the term is an over-simplification and is somewhat misleading. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness This means that they are less able to discriminate colors, and they do not see mixed lights as having the same colors as normal observers. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Designers need to take into account that color-blindness is highly sensitive to differences in material. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Designers should also note that red–blue and yellow–blue color combinations are generally safe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness In World War II, color blind observers were used to penetrate camouflage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness They may apply to the FAA to take a specialized test, administered by the FAA. Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color blindness Mangalorean Catholics retained the same caste system as their ancestors in Goa. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mangalorean Catholics It is most often used to represent nature, healing, health, youth, or fertility, since it is such a dominant color in nature. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism It can be a very relaxing color but is also used in the US to symbolize money, greed, sickness or jealousy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism The traditional bridal color is red in China and white in the USA. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism It is a color often associated with sunshine or joy. It is sometimes used in association with cowardice or fear, i.e., the phrase "yellow-bellied". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Color symbolism The Milagres Cathedral is a Cathedral dedicated to Our Lady of Miracles. Built about the same time as the Milagres church, Mangalore, it was founded according to the treaty between the Portuguese and Queen Keladi Chennamma of Bednore who ruled over Canara from 1671 to 1697. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kallianpur They built a church only a few yards away from the Milagres Cathedral. Since then it has undergone alterations and additions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Kallianpur The statue of Our Lady of Milagres, Kallianpur is popularly claimed to be miraculous in and around the surrounding region. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Our Lady of the Miracles Cathedral, Kallianpur (Milagres Cathedral) Others classify various color wheels as color disc, color chart, and color scale varieties. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel In a paint or subtractive color wheel, the "center of gravity" is usually (but not always) black, representing all colors of light being absorbed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel The outer top circle of the HSV cylinder – or the outer middle circle of the HSL cylinder – can be thought of as a color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel In his book Opticks, Isaac Newton presented a color circle to illustrate the relations between these colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Thus, a combination of green and red light might produce a color close to yellow in apparent hue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel This aspect of the visual system is relatively easy to mislead, and optical illusions relating to color are therefore a common phenomenon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Thus, Newton's color circle is a predecessor of the modern, horseshoe-shaped CIE color diagram. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel As such, a painter's color wheel is indicative rather than predictive, being used to compare existing colors rather than calculate exact colors of mixtures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel A number of interactive color wheel applications are available both on the Internet and as desktop applications. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel In color theory, a color scheme is the choice of colors used in design for a range of media. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Tetradic color palettes use four colors, a pair of complementary color pairs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Color schemes are logical combinations of colors on the color wheel. Color schemes are used to create style and appeal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Color schemes are used to create style and appeal. Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Colors that create an aesthetic feeling together commonly appear together in color schemes. A basic color scheme uses two colors that look appealing together. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel For example, light blue, indigo, and cyan blue. Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel Complementary colors are colors across from each other on a color wheel. For example, blue and orange. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel For example, blue and orange. Triadic colors are colors that are evenly across from each other, in a triangle over the color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color wheel In December 1953, the FCC unanimously approved what is now called the NTSC color television standard (later defined as RS-170a). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC By the time the frame rate changed to accommodate color, it was nearly as easy to trigger the camera shutter from the video signal itself. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC This process is applied to each color source by its own Colorplexer, thereby allowing a compatible color source to be managed as if it were an ordinary monochrome source. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC This allows black-and-white receivers to display NTSC color signals by simply ignoring the chrominance signal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC The varying phase represents the instantaneous color hue captured by a TV camera, and the amplitude represents the instantaneous color saturation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC For a color TV to recover hue information from the color subcarrier, it must have a zero phase reference to replace the previously suppressed carrier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC Color TV has been said to really be colored TV because of the total separation of the brightness part of the picture from the color portion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC (Another way this is often stated is that the color subcarrier frequency is an odd multiple of half the line frequency.) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC In the color standard, this becomes rounded to the integer 286, which means the color standard's line rate is 4.5 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC Maintaining the same number of scan lines per field (and frame), the lower line rate must yield a lower field rate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC The same extensions are used in ATSC, where the ATSC digital carrier is broadcast at 0.31 MHz above the lower bound of the channel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC Otherwise the satellite might transmit all of its power on a single frequency, interfering with terrestrial microwave links in the same frequency band. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC PAL software running on an NTSC Atari ST displays using this system as it cannot display PAL color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC In January 1950, the committee was reconstituted to standardize color television. The FCC had briefly approved a color television standard in October 1950, which was developed by CBS. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC In CRT televisions, the NTSC signal is turned into three color signals called Red, Green and Blue, each controlling that color electron gun. TV sets with digital circuitry use sampling techniques to process the signals but the end result is the same. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) NTSC Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelengths of the light that is reflected from them and their intensities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Humans are trichromatic—the retina contains three types of color receptor cells, or cones. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Light, no matter how complex its composition of wavelengths, is reduced to three color components by the eye. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Some kinds of color deficiency are caused by anomalies in the number or nature of cones in the retina. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Other species are sensitive to only two axes of color or do not perceive color at all; these are called dichromats and monochromats respectively. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color This effect is responsible for the phenomenon of afterimages, in which the eye may continue to see a bright figure after looking away from it, but in a complementary color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color When an artist uses a limited color palette, the human eye tends to compensate by seeing any gray or neutral color as the color which is missing from the color wheel. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color This was studied by Edwin H. Land in the 1970s and led to his retinex theory of color constancy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Both phenomena are readily explained and mathematically modeled with modern theories of chromatic adaptation and color appearance (e.g. CIECAM02, iCAM). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The field of color psychology attempts to identify the effects of color on human emotion and activity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Many such sources can still effectively produce a spectral color, as the eye cannot distinguish them from single-wavelength sources. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Similarly, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color There are a number of methods or color spaces for specifying a color in terms of three particular primary colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Another problem with color reproduction systems is connected with the acquisition devices, like cameras or scanners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Color wheel: an illustrative organization of color hues in a circle that shows relationships. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Hue: the color's direction from white, for example in a color wheel or chromaticity diagram. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color For a few seconds after the light ceases, they will continue to signal less strongly than they otherwise would. Colors observed during that period will appear to lack the color component detected by the desensitized photoreceptors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. The CIE chromaticity diagram can be used to describe the gamut. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color Such a thing cannot happen with four areas unless one or more of them be inclosed by the rest; and the color used for the inclosed county is thus set free to go on with. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem In 1943, Hugo Hadwiger formulated the Hadwiger conjecture, a far-reaching generalization of the four-color problem that still remains unsolved. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem Although flawed, Kempe's original purported proof of the four color theorem provided some of the basic tools later used to prove it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem So it suffices to prove the four color theorem for triangulated graphs to prove it for all planar graphs, and without loss of generality we assume the graph is triangulated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem In 2001, the same authors announced an alternative proof, by proving the snark conjecture. This proof remains unpublished, however. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem Kempe also showed correctly that G can have no vertex of degree 4. As before we remove the vertex v and four-color the remaining vertices. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Four color theorem From this point on the image began to be referred to as Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Our Lady of Miracles). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The image of the Senhor Morto had been acquired in 1877, while the image of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, dated to 1570, was executed by in Flanders. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The principal facade is oriented towards the southeast, with plastered corners and terminated in a triangular pediment with Latin cross. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The name fuchsia is used on the HTML web color list for this color, while the name magenta is used on the X11 web color list. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) At right is displayed the color French fuchsia, which is the tone of fuchsia called fuchsia in a color list popular in France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) Although red-purple is a seldom-used color name in English, in Spanish it is regarded one of the major tones of purple. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) The dye was renamed magenta later in the same year, to celebrate a victory of the French army at the Battle of Magenta on June 4, 1859, near the Italian city of that name. The first recorded use of fuchsia as a color name in English was in 1892. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) Fuchsia is usually a more purplish color, whereas magenta is more reddish. Fuchsia flowers themselves contain a wide variety of purples. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Fuchsia (color) He met the expenses of this work through 30,000 Francs given to him by his family and another 30,000 francs given by his godfather—which otherwise would have been utilized for Milagres. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Holy Cross Church, Cordel This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. It has also been restated as "All cows have the same color". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) All horses are the same color Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Red–green color blindness is the most common form, followed by blue–yellow color blindness and total color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness In the eastern provinces of Canada horizontally mounted traffic lights are generally differentiated by shape to facilitate identification for those with color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Cone monochromacy can also be a result of having more than one type of dichromatic color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness retinitis pigmentosa(initially affects rods but can later progress to cones and therefore color blindness).Inherited color blindness can be congenital (from birth), or it can commence in childhood or adulthood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Color blindness always pertains to the cone photoreceptors in retinas, as it is the cones that detect the color frequencies of light. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Red–green color blindness can be caused by ethambutol, a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness An estimated 2–3% of women have two slightly different red color cones and can be considered tetrachromats. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Because the Ishihara color test contains only numerals, it may not be useful in diagnosing young children, who have not yet learned to use numbers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness This test allows 30% of color deficient individuals, whose deficiency is not too severe, to pass. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness A deuteranope suffers the same hue discrimination problems as protanopes, but without the abnormal dimming. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Protanomaly is a fairly rare form of color blindness, making up about 1% of the male population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Many mobile and computer applications have been developed to help color blind individual to view better differentiate between colors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness After analyzing what colors are confusing, daltonization algorithms can be used to create a color filter for people with color blindness to notice some color differences more easily. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Because of Dalton's work, the general condition has been called daltonism, although it usually refers specifically to red–green color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Color codes present particular problems for those with color deficiencies as they are often difficult or impossible for them to perceive. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Following the crash, Professor Alarik Frithiof Holmgren, a physiologist, investigated and concluded that the color blindness of the engineer (who had died) had caused the crash. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness However, there is a claim that there is no firm evidence that color deficiency did cause the collision, or that it might have not been the sole cause. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some jurisdictions restrict the issuance of pilot credentials to persons who suffer from color blindness for this reason. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Some tentative evidence finds that color blind people are better at penetrating certain color camouflages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness There is also a study suggesting that people with some types of color blindness can distinguish colors that people with normal color vision are not able to distinguish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness There is no cure for color blindness. Diagnosis may allow a person's teacher to change the teaching method to accommodate the condition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness Colors in this range, which appear very different to a normal viewer, appear to a dichromat to be the same or a similar color. The terms protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia come from Greek, and respectively mean "inability to see (anopia) with the first (prot-), second (deuter-), or third (trit-) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. They are called anomalous trichromats. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness They are forms of visual agnosia. Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. They will then receive a new medical certificate with the restriction removed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color blindness The festival derives its name from the Monte Mariano Church at Farangipet in South Canara, and was initiated by Fr. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangalorean Catholics However, a close contact was kept by the Catholics with the Hindus of the same caste who were refugees from Goa. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangalorean Catholics The Milagres Church, one of the oldest churches in South Canara, was built in 1680 by Bishop Thomas de Castro. In 1568, the Church of Nossa Senhora do Rosário de Mangalore (Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore) was erected by the Portuguese at Bolar in Mangalore. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangalorean Catholics Evkaristik Purshanv (Eucharistic Procession) is an annual religious procession led by the Bishop of Mangalore from Milagres Church to Rosario Cathedral. The procession, held on the first Sunday of the New Year of the Gregorian calendar, seeks blessings for the new year. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mangalorean Catholics Open the illusion in an image editing program and using the eyedropper tool to verify that the colors are the same. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Checker shadow illusion Since your finger is a different color and not merely a tone, your eyes will be able to compare A and B individually. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Checker shadow illusion Color symbolism in art and anthropology refers to the use of color as a symbol in various cultures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Diversity in color symbolism occurs because color meanings and symbolism occur on an individual, cultural and universal basis. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Symbolic representations of religious concepts or articles may include a specific color with which the concept or object is associated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism It is the color of the ocean and the sky; it often symbolizes serenity, stability, inspiration, wisdom or health. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism In the Catholic Church, the Virgin Mary is most often depicted wearing blue, to symbolize being "full of grace" by divine favor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Yellow is a primary color in many models of colour space, and a secondary in all others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Green is a primary color in many models of colour space, and a secondary in all others. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism In Western culture, it is considered a negative color and usually symbolizes death, grief, or evil but also depression. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism For companies whose products are defined by the name of their color, their sales are susceptible to the symbolism and association of that name. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism There is a general disagreement over whether reactions to color and their symbolism are a result of cultural conditioning or of instinct. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism It is the color of the ocean and the sky; it often symbolizes serenity, stability, inspiration, wisdom or health. It can be a calming color, and symbolize reliability. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism Color symbolism has changed over time. Between the 5th and 17th centuries, the color was largely related to a religious context. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Color symbolism The Cathedral of Our Lady of Miracles, Portuguese: Catedral de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, (formerly a parish church as the Church of Our Lady of Miracles, Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres), is Roman Catholic Cathedral situated at Kallianpur in Udupi district, Carnataca, India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Our Lady of the Miracles Cathedral, Kallianpur (Milagres Cathedral) The Milagres Church was established in 1680, as a result of a treaty between Rani Chennamma of the Nayakas of Bednore and the Portuguese in Goa and Bombay-Bassein, the structure was rebuilt in present form in 1881 AD, after the Persecution of Mangalorean Christians at Seringapatam ended. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Our Lady of the Miracles Cathedral, Kallianpur (Milagres Cathedral) The typical artists' paint or pigment color wheel includes the blue, red, and yellow primary colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel A color wheel based on RGB (red, green, blue) additive primaries has cyan, magenta, and yellow secondaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel The HSL and HSV color spaces are simple geometric transformations of the RGB cube into cylindrical form. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Some color wheels are based on the four opponent process colors - red, yellow, blue and green. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Most later color circles include the purples, however, between red and violet, and have equal-sized hue divisions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Goethe's Theory of Colours provided the first systematic study of the physiological effects of color (1810). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Newton's calculation of the resulting color involves three steps: First, mark on the color circle the constituent colors according to their relative weight. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Third, interpret the radial distance (from the center of the circle to the barycenter) as the saturation of the color, and the azimuthal position on the circle as the hue of the color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel For a list of ways to construct color schemes, regarding properties such as warmness/achromiticness/complementariness, see color theory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel This type of color matching is known as metameric matching. Thus, a combination of green and red light might produce a color close to yellow in apparent hue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel Second, find the barycenter of these differently weighted colors. Third, interpret the radial distance (from the center of the circle to the barycenter) as the saturation of the color, and the azimuthal position on the circle as the hue of the color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel For example, one could use yellow, purple, red, and green. Tetrad colors can be found by putting a square or rectangle on the color wheel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel An analogous color scheme is made up of colors next to each other on the wheel. For example, red, orange, and yellow are analogous colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color wheel It is one of three major analog color television standards, the others being PAL and SECAM. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The compatible color standard retained full backward compatibility with then-existing black-and-white television sets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Since such color correction can not be performed accurately on the nonlinear gamma corrected signals transmitted, the adjustment can only be approximated, introducing both hue and luminance errors for highly saturated colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC In NTSC, chrominance is encoded using two color signals known as I (in-phase) and Q (in quadrature) in a process called QAM. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC This 3.58 MHz subcarrier is then added to the Luminance to form the 'composite color signal' which modulates the video signal carrier just as in monochrome transmission. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The color burst consists of a minimum of eight cycles of the unmodulated (fixed phase and amplitude) color subcarrier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC TV sets with digital circuitry use sampling techniques to process the signals but the end result is the same. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC It is rather like the broken lines running down the middle of a road, it does not matter whether it is a line/space pair or a space/line pair; the effect to a driver is exactly the same. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC NTSC-N/NTSC50 is an unofficial system combining 625-line video with 3.58 MHz NTSC color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Japan's UHF TV channels are therefore numbered from 13 up and not 14 up, but otherwise uses the same UHF broadcasting frequencies as those in North America. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Using a native NTSC TV to decode the signal yields no color, while using an incompatible PAL TV to decode the system yields erratic colors (observed to be lacking red and flickering randomly). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The multi-standard receiver is already set to support the NTSC H & V frequencies; it just needs to do so while receiving PAL color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The color subcarrier frequency was 4.4296875 MHz and the bandwidth of U and V signals was near 1.5 MHz. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Hue controls are still found on NTSC TVs, but color drifting generally ceased to be a problem for more modern circuitry by the 1970s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC PAL has also been referred to as Peace At Last, Perfection At Last or Pictures Always Lovely in the color war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The Brazilian PAL-M system, introduced on February 19, 1972, uses the same lines/field as NTSC (525/60), and almost the same broadcast bandwidth and scan frequency (15.750 vs. 15.734 kHz). Prior to the introduction of color, Brazil broadcast in standard black-and-white NTSC. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC Suitably equipped television sets could then employ these data in order to adjust the display to a closer match of the original studio image. The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The actual VIR signal contains three sections, the first having 70 percent luminance and the same chrominance as the color burst signal, and the other two having 50 percent and 7.5 percent luminance respectively. A less-used successor to VIR, GCR, also added ghost (multipath interference) removal capabilities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) NTSC The Milagres Church (Portuguese: Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, English: Church of Our Lady of Miracles) is a historic Roman Catholic Church situated in the Hampankatta locality of Mangalore. The church was built in 1680 by Bishop Thomas de Castro, a Theatine from Divar, Goa. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milagres Church (Mangalore) He laid the foundation stone for a new spacious church in 1811. In 1911, the facade of the church collapsed, following which then incumbent Parish priest Fr. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milagres Church (Mangalore) In 1911, the facade of the church collapsed, following which then incumbent Parish priest Fr. Frank Pereira erected the present church structure with Fr. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Milagres Church (Mangalore) He was the nephew of Dom Matheus de Castro (c.1594−1677), the first Indian Bishop of The Catholic Church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Thomas de Castro There may also be more than three color dimensions in other color spaces, such as in the CMYK color model, wherein one of the dimensions relates to a color's colorfulness). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The photo-receptivity of the "eyes" of other species also varies considerably from that of humans and so results in correspondingly different color perceptions that cannot readily be compared to one another. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Honey bees and bumblebees have trichromatic color vision sensitive to ultraviolet but insensitive to red. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Although the spectrum of light arriving at the eye from a given direction determines the color sensation in that direction, there are many more possible spectral combinations than color sensations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color To summarize, the color of an object is a complex result of its surface properties, its transmission properties, and its emission properties, all of which contribute to the mix of wavelengths in the light leaving the surface of the object. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color The perceived color is then further conditioned by the nature of the ambient illumination, and by the color properties of other objects nearby, and via other characteristics of the perceiving eye and brain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Although Aristotle and other ancient scientists had already written on the nature of light and color vision, it was not until Newton that light was identified as the source of the color sensation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color In 1801 Thomas Young proposed his trichromatic theory, based on the observation that any color could be matched with a combination of three lights. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Young's theory of color sensations, like so much else that this marvelous investigator achieved in advance of his time, remained unnoticed until Maxwell directed attention to it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color For example, it is not possible to stimulate only the mid-wavelength (so-called "green") cones; the other cones will inevitably be stimulated to some degree at the same time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color In certain conditions of intermediate illumination, the rod response and a weak cone response can together result in color discriminations not accounted for by cone responses alone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color These effects, combined, are summarized also in the Kruithof curve, that describes the change of color perception and pleasingness of light as function of temperature and intensity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color While the mechanisms of color vision at the level of the retina are well-described in terms of tristimulus values, color processing after that point is organized differently. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color While most humans are trichromatic (having three types of color receptors), many animals, known as tetrachromats, have four types. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Some color words are derived from the name of an object of that color, such as "orange" or "salmon", while others are abstract, like "red". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color All languages that have two "basic" color names distinguish dark/cool colors from bright/warm colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color For example, researchers at the University of Linz in Austria demonstrated that the color red significantly decreases cognitive functioning in men. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color A color reproduction system "tuned" to a human with normal color vision may give very inaccurate results for other observers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color For color information stored and transferred in digital form, color management techniques, such as those based on ICC profiles, can help to avoid distortions of the reproduced colors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color If the light is not a pure white source (the case of nearly all forms of artificial lighting), the resulting spectrum will appear a slightly different color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Since 1942, electron micrography has been used, advancing the development of products that exploit structural color, such as "photonic" cosmetics. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Opaque objects that do not reflect specularly (which tend to have rough surfaces) have their color determined by which wavelengths of light they scatter strongly (with the light that is not scattered being absorbed). If objects scatter all wavelengths with roughly equal strength, they appear white. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Objects that transmit light are either translucent (scattering the transmitted light) or transparent (not scattering the transmitted light). If they also absorb (or reflect) light of various wavelengths differentially, they appear tinted with a color determined by the nature of that absorption (or that reflectance). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Because of this, and because the primaries in color printing systems generally are not pure themselves, the colors reproduced are never perfectly saturated spectral colors, and so spectral colors cannot be matched exactly. However, natural scenes rarely contain fully saturated colors, thus such scenes can usually be approximated well by these systems. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color However, natural scenes rarely contain fully saturated colors, thus such scenes can usually be approximated well by these systems. The range of colors that can be reproduced with a given color reproduction system is called the gamut. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color Structural color is studied in the field of thin-film optics. The most ordered or the most changeable structural colors are iridescent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color These terms, and others related to light and color are internationally agreed upon and published in the CIE Lighting Vocabulary. More readily available texts on colorimetry also define and explain these terms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color If this triangulated graph is colorable using four colors or fewer, so is the original graph since the same coloring is valid if edges are removed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem The four color theorem has been notorious for attracting a large number of false proofs and disproofs in its long history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem Perhaps one effect underlying this common misconception is the fact that the color restriction is not transitive: a region only has to be colored differently from regions it touches directly, not regions touching regions that it touches. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem Books on cartography and the history of mapmaking do not mention the four-color property" (Wilson 2014, 2). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem Books on cartography and the history of mapmaking do not mention the four-color property" (Wilson 2014, 2). The theorem also does not guarantee the usual cartographic requirement that non-contiguous regions of the same country (such as the exclave Kaliningrad and the rest of Russia) be colored identically. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Four color theorem In 1932, the church was destroyed in a violent fire, which resulted in the loss of many of the artifacts, except the image of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, which was saved. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The sculptures include images of Nossa Senhora da Conceição (Our Lady of the Conception), Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Our Lady of the Miracles), --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The first synthetic dye of the color fuchsia, called fuchsine, was patented in 1859 by François-Emmanuel Verguin. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) They are both composed the same way, by combining an equal amount of blue and red light at full brightness, as shown in the image on the left. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) The color fuchsia was first introduced as the color of a new aniline dye called fuchsine, patented in 1859 by the French chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin. The dye was renamed magenta later in the same year, to celebrate a victory of the French army at the Battle of Magenta on June 4, 1859, near the Italian city of that name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) In color printing and design, there are more variations between magenta and fuchsia. Fuchsia is usually a more purplish color, whereas magenta is more reddish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Fuchsia (color) The Holy Cross Church is a Roman Catholic church situated at Cordel in the Kulshekar locality of Mangalore, India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holy Cross Church, Cordel The cross discreetly worshipped in the Cordel forest by the Catholics who escaped the Seringapatam captivity was ceremoniously brought by Fr. Dubois to the Cordel plateau, where the Cordel Church now stands. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Holy Cross Church, Cordel There is no actual contradiction, as these arguments have a crucial flaw that makes them incorrect. This example was originally raised by George Pólya in a 1954 book in different terms: "Are any n numbers equal?" or "Any n girls have eyes of the same color", as an exercise in mathematical induction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) All horses are the same color People with total color blindness (achromatopsia) may also be uncomfortable in bright environments and have decreased visual acuity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness In practice, this means that they often retain a limited discrimination along the red–green axis of color space, although their ability to separate colors in this dimension is reduced. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Dichromats tend to learn to use texture and shape clues and so may be able to penetrate camouflage that has been designed to deceive individuals with normal color vision. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Acquired: Diseases, drugs (e.g., hydroxychloroquine), and chemicals such as styrene or organic solvents may cause color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Inherited: There are three types of inherited or congenital color vision deficiencies: monochromacy, dichromacy, and anomalous trichromacy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Monochromacy occurs when two or all three of the cone pigments are missing and color and lightness vision is reduced to one dimension. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness is a common type of inherited color vision deficiency, occurring when one of the three cone pigments is altered in its spectral sensitivity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The Ishihara color test, which consists of a series of pictures of colored spots, is the test most often used to diagnose red–green color deficiencies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Besides the Ishihara color test, the US Navy and US Army also allow testing with the Farnsworth Lantern Test. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The patient is asked to arrange a set of colored caps or chips to form a gradual transition of color between two anchor caps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Most clinical tests are designed to be fast, simple, and effective at identifying broad categories of color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red–green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The gene for red–green color blindness is transmitted from a color blind male to all his daughters, who are usually heterozygote carriers and are thus unaffected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Isolated communities with a restricted gene pool sometimes produce high proportions of color blindness, including the less usual types. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness While many aspects of aviation depend on color coding, only a few of them are critical enough to be interfered with by some milder types of color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Restrictions may be partial, allowing color-blind persons to obtain certification but with restrictions, or total, in which case color-blind persons are not permitted to obtain piloting credentials at all. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Such findings may give an evolutionary reason for the high rate of red–green color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Achromatopsic artist Neil Harbisson was the first to use such a device in early 2004; the eyeborg allowed him to start painting in color by memorizing the sound corresponding to each color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Color blindness may make some educational activities more difficult. However, problems are generally minor, and most color-blind people adapt. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Diagnosis is typically with the Ishihara color test; other methods include genetic testing. There is no cure for color blindness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The effect of color blindness on artistic ability is controversial. The ability to draw appears to be unchanged, and a number of famous artists are believed to have been color blind. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness They are collectively referred to as "red–green color blindness", though the term is an over-simplification and is somewhat misleading. Other forms of color blindness are much more rare. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This means that they are less able to discriminate colors, and they do not see mixed lights as having the same colors as normal observers. They also suffer from a darkening of the red end of the spectrum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This gene does not have any neighbor whose DNA sequence is similar. Blue color blindness is caused by a simple mutation in this gene. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness Some sources do not consider these to be true color blindness, because the failure is of perception, not of vision. They are forms of visual agnosia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness This is achieved using an LMS color space. After analyzing what colors are confusing, daltonization algorithms can be used to create a color filter for people with color blindness to notice some color differences more easily. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. If they pass they may be issued a waiver, which states that the color vision test is no longer required during medical examinations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color blindness In 1568, the Church of Nossa Senhora do Rosário de Mangalore (Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore) was erected by the Portuguese at Bolar in Mangalore. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mangalorean Catholics There is great diversity in the use of colors and their associations between cultures and even within the same culture in different time periods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Children tend to like this color, and it is used to market products to children; it is also used for school buses and taxi cabs since it is such a bright, noticeable color. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism There is an urban legend that pink was a masculine color before the mid 20th century, based on evidence of conflicting traditions before about 1940. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Marketers for products with an international market navigate the color symbolism variances between cultures with targeted advertising. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Today, purple symbolizes evil and infidelity in Japan, but the same is symbolized by blue in East Asia and by yellow in France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Several studies concluded that color is part of the social learning process because of the significant symbolism within the culture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Red is a primary color across all models of colour space. It is often associated with love, passion, and lust but also danger. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Yellow is a primary color in many models of colour space, and a secondary in all others. It is a color often associated with sunshine or joy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism It can be a very relaxing color but is also used in the US to symbolize money, greed, sickness or jealousy. Saying that someone is "green" means they're inexperienced or new. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism White is a primary color across all models of colour space. It most often symbolizes perfection, faith, innocence, softness, and cleanliness. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism In Italy, a black sheep represents confidence and independence. There are many additional variances in color symbolism between cultures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism In some instances color symbolism in marketing is constructed. For companies whose products are defined by the name of their color, their sales are susceptible to the symbolism and association of that name. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Between the 5th and 17th centuries, the color was largely related to a religious context. Blue was symbolic of heaven and white of purity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Luckiness is symbolized by red in China, Denmark, and Argentina. The traditional bridal color is red in China and white in the USA. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism The traditional bridal color is red in China and white in the USA. Ambition and desire are symbolized by red in India. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Color symbolism Some color wheels are based on the four opponent process colors - red, yellow, blue and green. This includes those of the Natural Color System. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel The human visual system is able to adapt to these differences by chromatic adaptation. This aspect of the visual system is relatively easy to mislead, and optical illusions relating to color are therefore a common phenomenon. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel This aspect of the visual system is relatively easy to mislead, and optical illusions relating to color are therefore a common phenomenon. The color circle is a useful tool for examining these illusions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Newton's calculation of the resulting color involves three steps: First, mark on the color circle the constituent colors according to their relative weight. Second, find the barycenter of these differently weighted colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel A similar calculation cannot be performed with two paints. As such, a painter's color wheel is indicative rather than predictive, being used to compare existing colors rather than calculate exact colors of mixtures. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel A number of interactive color wheel applications are available both on the Internet and as desktop applications. These programs are used by artists and designers for picking colors for a design. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Complementary colors are two colors directly across from each other; for example, red and green are complementary colors. Tetradic color palettes use four colors, a pair of complementary color pairs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Tetradic color palettes use four colors, a pair of complementary color pairs. For example, one could use yellow, purple, red, and green. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel Triadic colors are colors that are evenly across from each other, in a triangle over the color wheel. For example, the primary colors red, yellow, and blue are triadic colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color wheel The FCC had briefly approved a color television standard in October 1950, which was developed by CBS. The CBS system was incompatible with existing black-and-white receivers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC Designers chose to make the chrominance subcarrier frequency an n + 0.5 multiple of the line frequency to minimize interference between the luminance signal and the chrominance signal. (Another way this is often stated is that the color subcarrier frequency is an odd multiple of half the line frequency.) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC Maintaining the same number of scan lines per field (and frame), the lower line rate must yield a lower field rate. Dividing 4500000⁄286 lines per second by 262.5 lines per field gives approximately 59.94 fields per second. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC The entire upper sideband is transmitted, but only 1.25 MHz of the lower sideband, known as a vestigial sideband, is transmitted. The color subcarrier, as noted above, is 3.579545 MHz above the video carrier, and is quadrature-amplitude-modulated with a suppressed carrier. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC The vacuum-tube electronics used in televisions through the 1960s led to various technical problems. Among other things, the color burst phase would often drift. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) NTSC In each such class the members are called metamers of the color in question. This effect can be visualized by comparing the light sources' spectral power distributions and the resulting colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Newton's conception included a seventh color, indigo, between blue and violet. It is possible that what Newton referred to as blue is nearer to what today is known as cyan, and that indigo was simply the dark blue of the indigo dye that was being imported at the time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Physically, objects can be said to have the color of the light leaving their surfaces, which normally depends on the spectrum of the incident illumination and the reflectance properties of the surface, as well as potentially on the angles of illumination and viewing. Some objects not only reflect light, but also transmit light or emit light themselves, which also contributes to the color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color The set of all possible tristimulus values determines the human color space. It has been estimated that humans can distinguish roughly 10 million different colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Colors observed during that period will appear to lack the color component detected by the desensitized photoreceptors. This effect is responsible for the phenomenon of afterimages, in which the eye may continue to see a bright figure after looking away from it, but in a complementary color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color All languages that have two "basic" color names distinguish dark/cool colors from bright/warm colors. The next colors to be distinguished are usually red and then yellow or green. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Different colors have been demonstrated to have effects on cognition. For example, researchers at the University of Linz in Austria demonstrated that the color red significantly decreases cognitive functioning in men. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Most light sources are mixtures of various wavelengths of light. Many such sources can still effectively produce a spectral color, as the eye cannot distinguish them from single-wavelength sources. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color They are metamers of that color. This is exemplified by the white light emitted by fluorescent lamps, which typically has a spectrum of a few narrow bands, while daylight has a continuous spectrum. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Similarly, most human color perceptions can be generated by a mixture of three colors called primaries. This is used to reproduce color scenes in photography, printing, television, and other media. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color There are a number of methods or color spaces for specifying a color in terms of three particular primary colors. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages depending on the particular application. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Another problem with color reproduction systems is connected with the acquisition devices, like cameras or scanners. The characteristics of the color sensors in the devices are often very far from the characteristics of the receptors in the human eye. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color Both the unavoidability and reducibility parts of this new proof must be executed by computer and are impractical to check by hand. In 2001, the same authors announced an alternative proof, by proving the snark conjecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem Although flawed, Kempe's original purported proof of the four color theorem provided some of the basic tools later used to prove it. The explanation here is reworded in terms of the modern graph theory formulation above. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem As before we remove the vertex v and four-color the remaining vertices. If all four neighbors of v are different colors, say red, green, blue, and yellow in clockwise order, we look for an alternating path of vertices colored red and blue joining the red and blue neighbors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem This forces the remaining regions to be colored with only three colors. Because the four color theorem is true, this is always possible; however, because the person drawing the map is focused on the one large region, they fail to notice that the remaining regions can in fact be colored with three colors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Four color theorem In 1932, the church was destroyed in a violent fire, which resulted in the loss of many of the artifacts, except the image of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres, which was saved. During that year, the church was rebuilt, following the fire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The lateral facades are terminated by friezes and cornices, with rectangular door framed by frieze and cornice and window. The annexes in the lateral facade are oriented towards the southeast with similar entrance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Church of Nossa Senhora dos Milagres (Corvo) The first synthetic dye of the color fuchsia, called fuchsine, was patented in 1859 by François-Emmanuel Verguin. It was later renamed magenta, and became highly popular under that name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Fuchsia (color) When his vision to raise a grand church at Milagres failed to fructify, he shifted his base to Cordel. He met the expenses of this work through 30,000 Francs given to him by his family and another 30,000 francs given by his godfather—which otherwise would have been utilized for Milagres. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holy Cross Church, Cordel He met the expenses of this work through 30,000 Francs given to him by his family and another 30,000 francs given by his godfather—which otherwise would have been utilized for Milagres. He laid the foundation stone for the church on 14 September 1873. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Holy Cross Church, Cordel It has also been restated as "All cows have the same color". The "horses" version of the paradox was presented in 1961 in a satirical article by Joel E. Cohen. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) All horses are the same color Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Mobile apps can help people identify colors. Red–green color blindness is the most common form, followed by blue–yellow color blindness and total color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness In practice, this means that they often retain a limited discrimination along the red–green axis of color space, although their ability to separate colors in this dimension is reduced. Color blindness very rarely refers to complete monochromatism. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This is a risk on high-speed undulating roads where angular cues cannot be used. British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness British Rail color lamp signals use more easily identifiable colors: The red is blood red, the amber is yellow and the green is a bluish color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness is a rare total color blindness that is accompanied by relatively normal vision, electroretinogram, and electrooculogram. Cone monochromacy can also be a result of having more than one type of dichromatic color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Cone monochromacy can also be a result of having more than one type of dichromatic color blindness. People who have, for instance, both protanopia and tritanopia are considered to have cone monochromacy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness is a rare, hereditary color vision deficiency affecting blue–green and yellow–red/pink hue discrimination. It is related to chromosome 7. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness They comprise about 8% of human males and 0.6% of females of Northern European ancestry. Some of the inherited diseases known to cause color blindness are: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness. There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow. Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red–green color coding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red–green color coding. Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red–green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red–green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. Replacing red with magenta or green with turquoise improves visibility for such individuals. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Anomalous trichromacy is the least serious type of color deficiency. People with protanomaly, deuteranomaly, or tritanomaly are trichromats, but the color matches they make differ from the normal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness A deuteranope suffers the same hue discrimination problems as protanopes, but without the abnormal dimming. Purple colors are not perceived as something opposite to spectral colors; all these appear similarly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness This causes reds to reduce in intensity to the point where they can be mistaken for black. Protanomaly is a fairly rare form of color blindness, making up about 1% of the male population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Protanomaly is a fairly rare form of color blindness, making up about 1% of the male population. Both protanomaly and deuteranomaly are carried on the X chromosome. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Yellow and orange are indistinguishable from white and pink respectively, and purple colors are perceived as various shades of red. This form of color blindness is not sex-linked. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The short-wavelength pigment is shifted towards the green area of the spectrum. This is the rarest form of anomalous trichromacy color blindness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Unlike the other anomalous trichromacy color deficiencies, the mutation for this color blindness is carried on chromosome 7. Therefore, it is equally prevalent in both male and female populations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Monochromacy is the condition of possessing only a single channel for conveying information about color. Monochromats possess a complete inability to distinguish any colors and perceive only variations in brightness. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Some applications launch a simulation of colorblindness to allow people with typical vision to understand how people with color blindness see the world, which can improve inclusive design for both groups. This is achieved using an LMS color space. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness The number affected varies among groups. Isolated communities with a restricted gene pool sometimes produce high proportions of color blindness, including the less usual types. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. In Romania, there is an ongoing campaign to remove the legal restrictions that prohibit colorblind citizens from getting drivers' licenses. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Typically, this test is the "color vision light gun test". For this test an FAA inspector will meet the pilot at an airport with an operating control tower. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness For this test an FAA inspector will meet the pilot at an airport with an operating control tower. The color signal light gun will be shone at the pilot from the tower, and they must identify the color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color blindness Mangalorean Catholics retained the same caste system as their ancestors in Goa. They were mainly divided into four castes: Bamonns, Charodis, Sudirs, and Gaudis. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mangalorean Catholics Now zoom in to the image and hold a finger in front of your face, blocking out the connecting square. Since your finger is a different color and not merely a tone, your eyes will be able to compare A and B individually. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Checker shadow illusion Diversity in color symbolism occurs because color meanings and symbolism occur on an individual, cultural and universal basis. Color symbolism is also context-dependent and influenced by changes over time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism Symbolic representations of religious concepts or articles may include a specific color with which the concept or object is associated. There is evidence to suggest that colors have been used for this purpose as early as 90,000 BC. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism Blue is a primary color across all models of colour space. It is the color of the ocean and the sky; it often symbolizes serenity, stability, inspiration, wisdom or health. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism It is sometimes used in association with cowardice or fear, i.e., the phrase "yellow-bellied". Children tend to like this color, and it is used to market products to children; it is also used for school buses and taxi cabs since it is such a bright, noticeable color. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism It is most often used to represent nature, healing, health, youth, or fertility, since it is such a dominant color in nature. It can be a very relaxing color but is also used in the US to symbolize money, greed, sickness or jealousy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism Black is a primary color across all models of colour space. In Western culture, it is considered a negative color and usually symbolizes death, grief, or evil but also depression. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism In Western culture, it is considered a negative color and usually symbolizes death, grief, or evil but also depression. People often wear black for mourning, although this practice isn't as widespread as it was in the past. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism It is associated with softness, sweetness, and love. There is an urban legend that pink was a masculine color before the mid 20th century, based on evidence of conflicting traditions before about 1940. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism Additionally, the sacred color of Hindu and Buddhist monks is orange. The Renaissance was also a time in which black and purple were colors of mourning. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Color symbolism
15906.	Q: Is there a sitting area near both the modern sculpture in downtown Jackson and the Ridirich sculpture in London? Title = Ridirich sculpture, Aldgate, City of London.JPG Description = Title = Jackson TN downtown modern sculpture.JPG Description = A: Yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Aldgate, Visual arts, Classical sculpture, Jackson, Mississippi, The Ballpark at Jackson, Jackson, Michigan, Stonewall Jackson, Greater London, .london, Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport, Bronze sculpture, London Hammer, Wimbledon, London, Jackson Rooming House, Ancient Greek sculpture, Sculpture, Jackson Downtown Historic District, The Mall, London, London Underground, Cubist sculpture, List of public art in the City of London, London–Edinburgh–London, Jackson, California, City of London, Jackson Marriott Downtown, Modern sculpture, Love (sculpture), London Bridge, Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi, Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent, Olympic Sculpture Park, London Toggle details	The area that is now Jackson was initially referred to as Parker'ville. --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Greater London Businessmen jumped on the opportunity and dug wells in the Jackson area. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Jackson, Mississippi You may say that such is literature in marble—well, it is the most modern sculpture. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Cubist sculpture The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) City of London Currently, Jackson is experiencing $1.6 billion in downtown development. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Starting in 2010, Jackson experienced $1.6 billion in downtown development. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Jackson, Mississippi The stadium is northeast of downtown Jackson and is visible from Interstate 40. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) The Ballpark at Jackson He returned to the Jackson area in August 1829 with his brother Russell. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Jackson, Michigan A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Greater London London's insurance sector continues to be based in the area, particularly in Lime Street. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) City of London The arrival of the railways and the Tube meant that London could expand over a much greater area. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) City of London It also ranked highest within the Greater London area for the percentage of people with no religion and people who are employed. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) City of London Greenwood CemeteryFondren is a historical neighborhood located just north of downtown Jackson. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The City of London is the historic nucleus of London as well as its modern financial centre. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of public art in the City of London Jackson Marriott Downtown is a hotel in downtown Jackson, Mississippi by Marriott International. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Jackson Marriott Downtown Modern sculpture is generally considered to have begun with the work of Auguste Rodin, who is seen as the progenitor of modern sculpture. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Modern sculpture The sculpture, one of the most recognizable landmarks in downtown Chicago, was unveiled in 1967. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Modern sculpture The Olympic Sculpture Park, created and operated by the Seattle Art Museum (SAM), is a public park with modern and contemporary sculpture in downtown Seattle, Washington. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Olympic Sculpture Park The Monument in the City of London provides views of the surrounding area while commemorating the Great Fire of London, which originated nearby. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) London London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) London African Americans are a majority in the city of Jackson, although the metropolitan area is majority white. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Jackson, Mississippi On March 18, 2013, a severe hailstorm hit the Jackson metro area. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Jackson, Mississippi According to Eurostat, London has been the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Greater London Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Greater London The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Wimbledon, London Its area corresponded to the modern Wimbledon Park. The house stood east of St Mary's church. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Wimbledon, London Some modern sculpture forms are now practiced outdoors, as environmental art and environmental sculpture, often in full view of spectators. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Sculpture Alluvial soils such as Pardee Cobbly Loam is found throughout the Jackson area. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Jackson, California Since then the City is a minority (in terms of population and area) of the Cities of London and Westminster. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) City of London Jackson Marriott Downtown is a hotel in downtown Jackson, Mississippi by Marriott International. It was completed in 1975. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Jackson Marriott Downtown The National Gallery of modern Art has a large collection of modern Indian sculpture. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Thirty-one additional boroughs north and south of the river also comprise modern London. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) London In the Jackson area, US 127 runs concurrently with I-94 for approximately four miles (6.4 km). --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Jackson, Michigan Administratively, Greater London was first established as a sui generis council area under the Greater London Council between 1963 and 1986. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Greater London The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. It is considered an affluent suburb with its grand Victorian houses, modern housing and low-rise apartments. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Wimbledon, London The sculpture Dance itself as well as the style of its reproduction played strongly to the generalized notions of Futurism and to the idea that sculpture could be conceived as a specifically modern medium". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Cubist sculpture The centre of trade and population moved away from the walled Londinium to Lundenwic ("London market"), a settlement to the west, roughly in the modern-day Strand/Aldwych/Covent Garden area. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) City of London The urban area expanded beyond the borders of the City of London, most notably during this period towards the West End and Westminster. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) City of London The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City. London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) City of London The modern sculpture movement can be said to begin at the Rodin exhibit at the Universal Exhibition held in Paris in 1900. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Modern sculpture This may be because Gandharan Buddhist sculpture in modern Afghanistan displays Greek and Persian artistic influence. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted three modern Summer Olympic Games. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) London The northern line of Confederate defenses in Jackson during the siege was located along a road near downtown Jackson, now known as Fortification Street. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Businessmen jumped on the opportunity and dug wells in the Jackson area. The continued success of these ventures attracted further investment. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson, Mississippi The Jackson urbanized area is home to approximately 16 elementary public schools, as well as about 16 private or parochial schools. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson, Michigan By 2007, when the house was added to the NRHP, the Jackson House was believed to be the last free-standing residential dwelling in downtown Tampa. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson Rooming House In the historical analysis of most modern movements such as Cubism there has been a tendency to suggest that sculpture trailed behind painting. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Cubist sculpture By the mid-19th century, with London still rapidly expanding in population and area, the City had already become only a small part of the wider metropolis. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) City of London A few small sections of the Roman London Wall exist, for example near the Tower of London and in the Barbican area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) City of London The Jackson metropolitan area possesses a humid subtropical climate, with very hot, humid summers and mild winters. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The Northside Sun weekly newspaper, with focus on the northeastern portion of the Jackson Metropolitan area, at http://www.northsidesun.com --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson Zoological Park is located on the cusp of downtown Jackson and is one of the finest zoological parks in the South. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The city is split by the River Thames into North and South, with an informal central London area in its interior. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) London According to Eurostat, London is the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union and the second most populous in Europe. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) London Jackson's new Union Station downtown reflected the city's service by multiple rail lines, including the Illinois Central. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson, Mississippi (Render eventually lost the rights when courts determined that the asylum did not have the right to lease the state's property.) Businessmen jumped on the opportunity and dug wells in the Jackson area. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson Area Transportation Authority operates ten routes Monday through Saturday out of a central station located downtown. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson, Michigan He returned to the Jackson area in August 1829 with his brother Russell. Together they cleared land and built a cabin at what would become the corner of Ingham and Trail streets. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson, Michigan Jackson is served by Jackson Public Schools. The Jackson urbanized area is home to approximately 16 elementary public schools, as well as about 16 private or parochial schools. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson, Michigan Robert E. Lee could trust Jackson with deliberately undetailed orders that conveyed Lee's overall objectives, what modern doctrine calls the "end state". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stonewall Jackson The LCC proposed a vast new area for Greater London, with a boundary somewhere between the Metropolitan Police District and the home counties. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London London is divided into 73 Parliamentary borough constituencies, formed from the combined area of several wards from one or more boroughs. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London The county of Greater London was created on 1 April 1965 through the London Government Act 1963. The area was re-established as a region in 1994. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London A Lord Lieutenant of Greater London is appointed for its area, excluding the City of London. For the purposes of the Lieutenancies Act 1997, this area is defined as a county. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London That small area is often referred to as "the City" or "the Square Mile" and it forms the main financial district. Archaically, the urbanised area of London was known as the Metropolis. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Greater London Before modern welding techniques, large sculptures were generally cast in one piece with a single pour. Welding allows a large sculpture to be cast in pieces, then joined. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Bronze sculpture At the time the manor estate included Wimbledon Common (as a heath) and the enclosed parkland around the manor house. Its area corresponded to the modern Wimbledon Park. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wimbledon, London Ordinary limestone was used in the Archaic period, but thereafter, except in areas of modern Italy with no local marble, only for architectural sculpture and decoration. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Ancient Greek sculpture Alexander Archipenko's 1912 Walking Woman is cited as the first modern sculpture with an abstracted void, i.e., a hole in the middle. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cubist sculpture Some will hoot at it, but others will feel the respect that is due one who simplifies and expresses the deep things of life. You may say that such is literature in marble—well, it is the most modern sculpture. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Cubist sculpture The name survives today as Aldwych (the "old market-place"), a name of a street and an area of the City of Westminster between Westminster and the City of London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) City of London The City is a police area and has its own police force, the City of London Police, separate from the Metropolitan Police Service covering the majority of Greater London. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) City of London Modern sculpture is generally considered to have begun with the work of Auguste Rodin, who is seen as the progenitor of modern sculpture. While Rodin did not set out to rebel against the past, he created a new way of building his works. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Modern sculpture The sculpture, one of the most recognizable landmarks in downtown Chicago, was unveiled in 1967. Picasso refused to be paid $100,000 for it, donating it to the people of the city. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Modern sculpture The modern bridge is owned and maintained by Bridge House Estates, an independent charity of medieval origin overseen by the City of London Corporation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Bridge The crossing also delineates an area along the southern bank of the River Thames, between London Bridge and Tower Bridge, that has been designated as a business improvement district. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Bridge The abutments of modern London Bridge rest several metres above natural embankments of gravel, sand and clay. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Bridge The Jackson metropolitan area lies in a region prone to severe thunderstorms which can produce large hail, damaging winds and tornadoes. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The Airport Parkway will connect High Street in downtown Jackson to Mississippi Highway 475 in Flowood at Jackson-Evers International Airport. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The London metropolitan area is the third-most populous in Europe, after Istanbul and the Moscow Metropolitan Area, with 14,040,163 inhabitants in 2016. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London In 1965 London's political boundaries were expanded to take into account the growth of the urban area and a new Greater London Council was created. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London The principal ports for London moved downstream to Felixstowe and Tilbury, with the London Docklands area becoming a focus for regeneration, including the Canary Wharf development. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London The London telephone area code (020) covers a larger area, similar in size to Greater London, although some outer districts are excluded and some places just outside are included. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London The area of Greater London includes areas that are part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Places within London's vast urban area are identified using district names, such as Mayfair, Southwark, Wembley and Whitechapel. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London London has hosted the Summer Olympics three times: in 1908, 1948, and 2012, making it the first city to host the modern Games three times. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London Thirty-one additional boroughs north and south of the river also comprise modern London. The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) London The area now called Jackson was obtained by the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820, by which The United States acquired the land owned by the Choctaw Native Americans. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Mississippi Upon learning that Vicksburg had already surrendered, the Confederates retreated into Jackson. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Mississippi A number of films have been at least partly filmed in Jackson. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Mississippi The city was called "Chimneyville" because only the chimneys of houses were left standing. The northern line of Confederate defenses in Jackson during the siege was located along a road near downtown Jackson, now known as Fortification Street. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Mississippi On March 18, 2013, a severe hailstorm hit the Jackson metro area. The hail caused major damage to roofs, vehicles, and building siding. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Mississippi The Ballpark at Jackson was built by the municipal government of Jackson, Tennessee, and is the home of the Jackson Generals, formerly of the Southern League. The stadium is northeast of downtown Jackson and is visible from Interstate 40. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Ballpark at Jackson In addition, several area restaurants throughout the Jackson area offer their own version of the Coney Island hot dog, or just "coney" as referred to by local residents. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Michigan Jackson's version of the coney dog is distinctly different from those featured in Detroit-area Coney Island restaurants or other Coney Island restaurants throughout Michigan and the Midwest. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson, Michigan "Then," said Jackson, "we will give them the bayonet! --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stonewall Jackson As it transpired, it was Jackson's only defeat in the Valley. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stonewall Jackson The results were far better than even Jackson could have hoped. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stonewall Jackson From what I have read and heard of Jackson since that day, I know now what he was doing then. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stonewall Jackson I only knew Jackson slightly. I watched him closely as he gazed upon Howard's troops. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Stonewall Jackson The area was re-established as a region in 1994. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London The Greater London Built-up Area is used in some national statistics and is a measure of most of the continuous urban area, and includes areas outside the administrative region. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London This arrangement has come about because as the area of London grew and absorbed neighbouring settlements, a series of administrative reforms did not amalgamate the City of London with the surrounding metropolitan area, and its unique political structure was retained. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London Outside the limited boundaries of the City, a variety of arrangements has governed the wider area since 1855, culminating in the creation of the Greater London administrative area in 1965. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London London is a draw for UK graduates from all over the UK. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London London is divided into 73 Parliamentary borough constituencies, formed from the combined area of several wards from one or more boroughs. Typically a borough is covered by two or three constituencies. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London For the purposes of the Lieutenancies Act 1997, this area is defined as a county. The term "London" usually refers to region or to the conurbation, but not often to the ancient, tiny City of London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London The term "London" usually refers to region or to the conurbation, but not often to the ancient, tiny City of London. That small area is often referred to as "the City" or "the Square Mile" and it forms the main financial district. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Greater London Wimbledon lies in the southwest area of London, south of Wandsworth, west of Mitcham, north of Sutton and east of Kingston upon Thames, on the outskirts of Greater London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wimbledon, London The residential area splits into two sections: the village and the town, with the village near the common centred on the High Street, being part of the original medieval village, and now a prime residential area of London commanding high prices, and the "town" being part of the modern development, centred on The Broadway, since the building of the railway station in 1838. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wimbledon, London By 2007, when the house was added to the NRHP, the Jackson House was believed to be the last free-standing residential dwelling in downtown Tampa. In 2013, the Jackson House was deemed too damaged to be restored and faced likely demolition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson Rooming House However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has been lost. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sculpture The Nubian Kingdom of Kush in modern Sudan was in close and often hostile contact with Egypt, and produced monumental sculpture mostly derivative of styles to the north. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sculpture Some modern sculpture forms are now practiced outdoors, as environmental art and environmental sculpture, often in full view of spectators. Light sculpture, street art sculpture and site-specific art also often make use of the environment. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Sculpture In 2011, the London Borough of Hillingdon has proposed that the Central line be extended from West Ruislip to Uxbridge via Ickenham, claiming this would cut traffic on the A40 in the area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Underground In 1914, Arthur Jerome Eddy examined what made Archipenko's sculpture, Family Life, exhibited at the Armory Show unique, powerful, modern and Cubist: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cubist sculpture Joseph Csaky contributed substantially to the development of modern sculpture, both as an early pioneer in applying Cubist principles to sculpture, and as a leading figure in nonrepresentational art of the 1920s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cubist sculpture In June 1915 the young modern sculptor Henri Gaudier-Brzeska lost his life in the war. Shortly before his death he wrote a letter and sent it to friends in London: --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Cubist sculpture It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) City of London The City of London is widely referred to simply as the City (differentiated from the phrase "the city of London" by capitalising City) and is also colloquially known as the Square Mile, as it is 1.12 sq mi (716.80 acres; 2.90 km2) in area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) City of London The arrival of the railways and the Tube meant that London could expand over a much greater area. By the mid-19th century, with London still rapidly expanding in population and area, the City had already become only a small part of the wider metropolis. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) City of London Modern sculpture, along with all modern art, "arose as part of Western society's attempt to come to terms with the urban, industrial and secular society that emerged during the nineteenth century". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Modern sculpture What the figure represents is not known; it could be a bird, a horse, a woman, or a totally abstract shape. The sculpture, one of the most recognizable landmarks in downtown Chicago, was unveiled in 1967. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Modern sculpture Jackson is roughly halfway between Dallas, and Atlanta. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi U.S. Highway 51Known in Jackson as State Street , roughly parallels Interstate 55 from the I-20/I-55 western split to downtown. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi London then grew slowly until about 950, after which activity increased dramatically. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Outward urban expansion is now prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt, although the built-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, resulting in a separately defined Greater London Urban Area. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London The East End is the area closest to the original Port of London, known for its high immigrant population, as well as for being one of the poorest areas in London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London The density of London varies, with high employment density in the central area and Canary Wharf, high residential densities in inner London, and lower densities in Outer London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Over 70 per cent of the FTSE 100 are within London's metropolitan area, and 75 per cent of Fortune 500 companies have offices in London. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Both are controlled by the City of London Corporation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. The city is split by the River Thames into North and South, with an informal central London area in its interior. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London During the period 1991–2001 a net 726,000 immigrants arrived in London. The region covers an area of 1,579 square kilometres (610 sq mi). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) London It was exhibited at the Museum of London in October 2013. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Aldgate They were arrested in Jackson for disturbing the peace after they disembarked from their interstate buses. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Mississippi African Americans are a majority in the city of Jackson, although the metropolitan area is majority white. African Americans are also a majority in several cities and counties of the Mississippi Delta, which are included in the 2nd congressional district. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Mississippi The district attorney described it as a "hate crime", and the FBI investigated it as a civil rights violation. On March 18, 2013, a severe hailstorm hit the Jackson metro area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Mississippi Finally in 1838, the town's name was changed to simply Jackson. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan The Jackson Blues Festival is held here annually in June. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan The trail has been dedicated as a Jackson County Park. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan Jackson's version of the coney dog is distinctly different from those featured in Detroit-area Coney Island restaurants or other Coney Island restaurants throughout Michigan and the Midwest. In 2014 Todoroff's Coney Island celebrated its centenary. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan US 127 is a north–south highway providing access northerly toward Lansing and Clare and southerly into Ohio. In the Jackson area, US 127 runs concurrently with I-94 for approximately four miles (6.4 km). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan In the Jackson area, US 127 runs concurrently with I-94 for approximately four miles (6.4 km). It is freeway from Jackson northerly past Lansing, while the freeway south of Jackson quickly transitions to a two-lane, uncontrolled access highway. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan Jackson Area Transportation Authority operates ten routes Monday through Saturday out of a central station located downtown. Greyhound Lines provides service from the JATA station. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson, Michigan Both of Jackson's parents were natives of Virginia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Much of Jackson's education was self-taught. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Jackson neither apologized for nor spoke in favor of the practice of slavery. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson After a tour of Europe, Jackson married again, in 1857. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Jackson purchased the only house he ever owned while in Lexington. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Jackson then retreated and then took up a defensive position and effectively invited Pope to assault him. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Jackson assented, and I rapidly conducted him to the point of observation. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson Certainly Jackson's discipline and tactical sense were sorely missed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stonewall Jackson The London postal district does not cover all of Greater London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London Administratively, Greater London was first established as a sui generis council area under the Greater London Council between 1963 and 1986. The county of Greater London was created on 1 April 1965 through the London Government Act 1963. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London The area was re-established as a region in 1994. The Greater London Authority was formed in 2000.The region covers 1,572 km2 (607 sq mi) and had a population of 8,174,000 at the 2011 census. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London A Royal Commission on London Government was set up to consider the issue. The LCC proposed a vast new area for Greater London, with a boundary somewhere between the Metropolitan Police District and the home counties. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Greater London Welding allows a large sculpture to be cast in pieces, then joined. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Bronze sculpture Wimbledon has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age when the hill fort on Wimbledon Common, the second-largest in London, is thought to have been constructed. The original nucleus of Wimbledon was at the top of the hill close to the common – the area now known locally as "the village". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wimbledon, London It is 7 miles (11.3 km) south-west of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wimbledon, London During this period, sculpture again experienced a shift towards increasing naturalism. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ancient Greek sculpture Ordinary limestone was used in the Archaic period, but thereafter, except in areas of modern Italy with no local marble, only for architectural sculpture and decoration. Plaster or stucco was sometimes used for the hair only. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Ancient Greek sculpture A collection of sculpture in a garden setting can be called a sculpture garden. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sculpture The materials used in sculpture are diverse, changing throughout history. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sculpture Also used heavily in Oxy-fuel sculpture creation is forging. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sculpture In Christianity and Buddhism, sculpture became very significant. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sculpture The first known sculpture in the Indian subcontinent is from the Indus Valley civilization (3300–1700 BCE), found in sites at Mohenjo-daro and Harappa in modern-day Pakistan. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Sculpture Attempts to separate painting and sculpture, even by 1910, are very difficult. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cubist sculpture Cubist sculpture, just as Cubist painting, is difficult to define. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cubist sculpture Shortly before his death he wrote a letter and sent it to friends in London: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cubist sculpture Alexander Archipenko's 1912 Walking Woman is cited as the first modern sculpture with an abstracted void, i.e., a hole in the middle. Joseph Csaky, following Archipenko, was the first sculptor to join the Cubists, with whom he exhibited from 1911 onward. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Cubist sculpture During the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, the London area came in turn under the Kingdoms of Essex, Mercia, and later Wessex, though from the mid 8th century it was frequently under the control of or threat from the Vikings. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London In 1381, the Peasants' Revolt affected London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London Both of these terms are also often used as metonyms for the United Kingdom's trading and financial services industries, which continue a notable history of being largely based in the City. The name London is now ordinarily used for a far wider area than just the City. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London Immediately to the south of Cornhill, Lombard Street was the location from 1691 of Lloyd's Coffee House, which became the world-leading insurance market. London's insurance sector continues to be based in the area, particularly in Lime Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London To the East the Port of London grew rapidly during the century, with the construction of many docks, needed as the Thames at the City could not cope with the volume of trade. The arrival of the railways and the Tube meant that London could expand over a much greater area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London Another example of a bomb-damaged place having been restored is Staple Inn on Holborn. A few small sections of the Roman London Wall exist, for example near the Tower of London and in the Barbican area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) City of London The modern bridge is owned and maintained by Bridge House Estates, an independent charity of medieval origin overseen by the City of London Corporation. It carries the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Bridge It carries the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority. The crossing also delineates an area along the southern bank of the River Thames, between London Bridge and Tower Bridge, that has been designated as a business improvement district. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Bridge The area that is now Jackson was initially referred to as Parker'ville. A trading post was set up there by Louis LeFleur, a French Canadian trader, on the historic Natchez Trace trade route. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Thunder is heard on roughly 70 days per annum. The Jackson metropolitan area lies in a region prone to severe thunderstorms which can produce large hail, damaging winds and tornadoes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London In writing, "London" is, on occasion, colloquially contracted to "LDN". --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London There was an assassination attempt on James I in Westminster, in the Gunpowder Plot on 5 November 1605.In 1637, the government of Charles I attempted to reform administration in the area of London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London You find no man, at all intellectual, who is willing to leave London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Since the turn of the century the Cockney dialect is less common in parts of the East End itself, with modern strongholds including other parts of London and suburbs in the home counties. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Cycling has become an increasingly popular way to get around London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London The adjacent City of Westminster has for centuries been the location of much of the national government. Thirty-one additional boroughs north and south of the river also comprise modern London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London The role of trendsetter was revived during the punk era. In 1965 London's political boundaries were expanded to take into account the growth of the urban area and a new Greater London Council was created. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London The London telephone area code (020) covers a larger area, similar in size to Greater London, although some outer districts are excluded and some places just outside are included. The Greater London boundary has been aligned to the M25 motorway in places. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London The Greater London boundary has been aligned to the M25 motorway in places. Outward urban expansion is now prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt, although the built-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, resulting in a separately defined Greater London Urban Area. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Outward urban expansion is now prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt, although the built-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, resulting in a separately defined Greater London Urban Area. Beyond this is the vast London commuter belt. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London According to Eurostat, London is the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union and the second most populous in Europe. During the period 1991–2001 a net 726,000 immigrants arrived in London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London. The network has 39 stops and four routes, and carried 28 million people in 2013. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London London has hosted the Summer Olympics three times: in 1908, 1948, and 2012, making it the first city to host the modern Games three times. The city was also the host of the British Empire Games in 1934. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) London Many sculptures together in a garden setting may be referred to as a sculpture garden. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Visual arts The study of Roman sculpture is complicated by its relation to Greek sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Classical sculpture Jackson was first connected by railroad to other cities in 1840. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi By 1930, there were 14 derricks in the Jackson skyline. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi Since then, Jackson has steadily seen a decline in its population, while its suburbs have had a boom. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi The Jackson City Council must approve the mayor's proposal. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson is home to the most collegiate institutions in Mississippi. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi The Choctaw name for the locale was Chisha Foka. The area now called Jackson was obtained by the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820, by which The United States acquired the land owned by the Choctaw Native Americans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson is one of the birthplaces of the Republican Party. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan By 1910, the auto industry had become Jackson's main industry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan Norfolk Southern (NS) owns a yard in Jackson as well. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan The junction of I-94 and US 127 was built at Jackson. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan M-50 enters Jackson from the northwest, and exits southeast of town. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan Later, it was renamed Jacksonburgh. Finally in 1838, the town's name was changed to simply Jackson. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan The Jackson urbanized area is home to approximately 16 elementary public schools, as well as about 16 private or parochial schools. It also has a large public middle school (The Middle School at Parkside). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, Michigan Jackson performed exceptionally well in the campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley in 1862. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson There is some dispute about the actual location of Jackson's birth. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Cummins Jackson was strict with Thomas, who looked up to Cummins as a schoolteacher. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson and French disagreed often, and filed numerous complaints against each other. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson For his tests, Jackson typically had students simply recite memorized information that he had given them. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson In 1856, a group of alumni attempted to have Jackson removed from his position. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson James Robertson wrote about Jackson's view on slavery: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson has been described as the army's hammer, Longstreet its anvil. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson The Hotchkiss journal shows that Jackson, most likely, originally conceived the movement. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Perhaps I might have been a little chagrined at Jackson's silence, and hence commented inwardly and adversely upon his horsemanship. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson pursued relentlessly back toward the center of the Federal line until dusk. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Darkness and confusion prevented Jackson from getting immediate care. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson initially appeared to be healing, but he died from pneumonia on May 10, 1863. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson He once told Dwight D. Eisenhower "I will be your Jackson." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson neither apologized for nor spoke in favor of the practice of slavery. He probably opposed the institution. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson He lived in it for two years before being called to serve in the Confederacy. Jackson never returned to his home. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's fatal bullet was withdrawn, examined, and found to be 67 caliber (0.67 inches, 17 mm), a type in service with the Confederate forces. Union troops in the area were using 58 caliber balls. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stonewall Jackson Although the London County Council (LCC) was created covering the County of London in 1889, the county did not cover all the built-up area, particularly West Ham and East Ham, and many of the LCC housing projects, including the vast Becontree Estates, were outside its boundaries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London A Royal Commission on London Government was set up to consider the issue. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London The commission applied three tests to decide if a community should form part of Greater London: how strong is the area as an independent centre in its own right; how strong are its ties to London; and how strongly is it drawn outwards towards the country rather than inwards towards London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London The City of London forms part of the City and East constituency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London The London region does not have city status granted by the Crown. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London All London Borough councils belong to the London Councils association. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London The region covers an area of 1,579 square kilometres. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London Figures here are for Greater London in its 2001 boundaries. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London There were an estimated 7,753,600 official residents in mid-2009.London's wider metropolitan area has a population of between 12 and 13 million depending on the definition of that area. According to Eurostat, London has been the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Greater London London and Partners, which promotes the city, said that .london would carry a premium because of its exclusivity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) .london It is located in Rankin County, while most of Jackson is in Hinds County. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport The name is shown on J. Cary's 1786 map of the London area as "Wimbleton", and the current spelling appears to have been settled on relatively recently in the early 19th century, the last in a long line of variations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wimbledon, London In 2013, the Jackson House was deemed too damaged to be restored and faced likely demolition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson Rooming House As with pottery, the Greeks did not produce sculpture merely for artistic display. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ancient Greek sculpture Another notable change is the burgeoning of artistic credit in sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ancient Greek sculpture Many copies of the Roman period are marble versions of works originally in bronze. Ordinary limestone was used in the Archaic period, but thereafter, except in areas of modern Italy with no local marble, only for architectural sculpture and decoration. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Ancient Greek sculpture The collecting of sculpture, including that of earlier periods, goes back some 2,000 years in Greece, China and Mesoamerica, and many collections were available on semi-public display long before the modern museum was invented. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sculpture Many forms of Protestantism also do not approve of religious sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sculpture Traditional sculpture in Myanmar emerged before the Bagan period. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sculpture Populations in the African Great Lakes are not known for their sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sculpture The words "London Transport" were added inside the ring, above and below the bar. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Underground "This has meant" according to Curtis, "that we have tended to see sculpture through painting, and even to see painters as poaching sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture He was "the first", according to Barr, "to work seriously and consistently at the problem of Cubist sculpture". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture Walden used the term to describe modern art movements including Futurism and Cubism).Archipenko's Woman with a Fan (1914) combines high-relief sculpture with painted colors (polychrome) to create striking illusions of volumetric space. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture " While common in painting, this was rather new in sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture In the historical analysis of most modern movements such as Cubism there has been a tendency to suggest that sculpture trailed behind painting. Writings about individual sculptors within the Cubist movement are commonly found, while writings about Cubist sculpture are premised on painting, offering sculpture nothing more than a supporting role. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture The sculpture Dance itself as well as the style of its reproduction played strongly to the generalized notions of Futurism and to the idea that sculpture could be conceived as a specifically modern medium". Herwarth Walden of Der Sturm in Berlin described Archipenko as 'the most important sculptor of our time'. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Cubist sculpture The City of London is the historic nucleus of London as well as its modern financial centre. The City of London Corporation, its municipal governing body, states that "around almost every corner in the City you will find an unusual piece of public art or a commemoration of the City's great history". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of public art in the City of London At the 2010 census Jackson had a population of 4,651. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson, California This wider usage of London is documented as far back as 1888, when the County of London was created. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London Whilst St Paul's Cathedral survived the onslaught, large swathes of the area did not and the particularly heavy raids of late December 1940 led to a firestorm called the Second Great Fire of London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London Only electors who are Freemen of the City of London are eligible to stand. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London Today it is part of the London Borough of Southwark. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London The Tower of London has always been outside the City and comes under the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London The area is also spoken of as a possible target for al-Qaeda. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London The City relies upon stations in the surrounding London boroughs to support it at some incidents. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London The College of Law has its London campus in Moorgate. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London It recorded the lowest proportion of households with cars or vans, people who travel to work by car, married couple households and the lowest average household size: just 1.58 people. It also ranked highest within the Greater London area for the percentage of people with no religion and people who are employed. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) City of London These elegantly refined forms became synonymous with 20th-century sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Modern sculpture Ceramic sculpture as practiced by Pablo Picasso, Peter Voulkos, Stephen De Staebler, Kenneth Price, and others became an important idiom of modern sculpture in the 20th century. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Modern sculpture It carries the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Bridge London Bridge station is also served by National Rail. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Bridge The crossing also delineates an area along the southern bank of the River Thames, between London Bridge and Tower Bridge, that has been designated as a business improvement district. The bridge area has twice been the target of terrorist attacks – once in 2017, and again in 2019. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Bridge As of the 2010 census Jackson's population was 173,514. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson was first linked with other cities by rail in 1840. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Today there are few antebellum structures left standing in Jackson. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is roughly halfway between New Orleans and Memphis, Tennessee. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Right-of-way acquisition is underway at an estimated cost of $19 million. The Airport Parkway will connect High Street in downtown Jackson to Mississippi Highway 475 in Flowood at Jackson-Evers International Airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The Airport Parkway will connect High Street in downtown Jackson to Mississippi Highway 475 in Flowood at Jackson-Evers International Airport. The Airport Parkway Commission consists of the Mayor of Pearl, the Mayor of Flowood and the Mayor of Jackson, as the Airport Parkway will run through and have access from each of these three cities. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Although painting was evidently widespread, the surviving works are almost all religious sculpture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent The Olympic Sculpture Park, created and operated by the Seattle Art Museum (SAM), is a public park with modern and contemporary sculpture in downtown Seattle, Washington. The park, which opened January 20, 2007, consists of a 9-acre (36,000 m2) outdoor sculpture museum, and indoor pavillion, and a beach on Puget Sound. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Olympic Sculpture Park The City of London, London's ancient core and financial centre—an area of just 1.12 square miles (2.9 km2) and colloquially known as the Square Mile—retains boundaries that closely follow its medieval limits. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London accounts for 13.4% of the U.K. population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London With the collapse of Roman rule in the early 5th century, London ceased to be a capital, and the walled city of Londinium was effectively abandoned, although Roman civilisation continued in the area of St Martin-in-the-Fields until around 450. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London then overtook Amsterdam as the leading international financial centre. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London No, Sir, when a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The ministerial post of minister for London was created in 1994. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The small ancient City of London at its core once comprised the whole settlement, but as its urban area grew, the Corporation of London resisted attempts to amalgamate the city with its suburbs , causing "London" to be defined in a number of ways for different purposes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London More recently, Greater London has been defined as a region of England and in this context is known as London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Greater London encompasses a total area of 1,583 square kilometres (611 sq mi), an area which had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 inhabitants per square kilometre (11,760/sq mi). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Historically London grew up at the lowest bridging point on the Thames. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Records for atmospheric pressure have been kept at London since 1692. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London However, London's continuous urban area extends beyond the borders of Greater London and was home to 9,787,426 people in 2011, while its wider metropolitan area has a population of between 12 and 14 million depending on the definition used. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London In 1988, the coach station was purchased by London Transport which then became Transport for London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Since June 2008, Transport for London has completely owned and operated Tramlink. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London A number of world-leading education institutions are based in London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Leisure is a major part of the London economy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London's theatre district is here, as are many cinemas, bars, clubs, and restaurants, including the city's Chinatown district (in Soho), and just to the east is Covent Garden, an area housing speciality shops. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London has been the setting for many works of literature. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London has played a significant role in the film industry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The largest parks in the central area of London are three of the eight Royal Parks, namely Hyde Park and its neighbour Kensington Gardens in the west, and Regent's Park to the north. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted three modern Summer Olympic Games. London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Greater London Built-up Area is the fourth-most populous in Europe, after Istanbul, Moscow, and Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The London metropolitan area is the third-most populous in Europe, after Istanbul and the Moscow Metropolitan Area, with 14,040,163 inhabitants in 2016. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London It was an area of political and geographical control imposed by the Viking incursions which was formally agreed by the Danish warlord, Guthrum and the West Saxon king Alfred the Great in 886. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded that Alfred "refounded" London in 886. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London The principal ports for London moved downstream to Felixstowe and Tilbury, with the London Docklands area becoming a focus for regeneration, including the Canary Wharf development. This was borne out of London's ever-increasing role as a major international financial centre during the 1980s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London Victoria Coach Station has weekly passenger numbers of over 200,000 and provides services across the UK and Europe. London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) London London's aldermen had first conceived of renting unneeded space over the City gates earlier in the century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate A Jewish community developed in the area after Oliver Cromwell invited the Jews to return to England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate In 2013 in Minories, Aldgate – on the last day of excavations – archaeologists found a 1,900-year-old Roman sculpture from the late 1st or early 2nd century AD in what was Roman London's "Eastern Cemetery". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate The Wards of London appear to have taken shape in the 11th century, before the Norman Conquest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate It is thought that a gate at Aldgate spanned the road to Colchester in the Roman period, when London Wall was constructed. The gateway – which probably had two circular towers – stood at the corner of the modern Duke's Place, on the east side of the City, with a busy thoroughfare passing through it. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate A Jewish community developed in the area after Oliver Cromwell invited the Jews to return to England. They established London's oldest synagogue at Bevis Marks in 1698,Aldgate was the centre of the sugar refining industry during the 18th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Aldgate Because sculpture involves the use of materials that can be moulded or modulated, it is considered one of the plastic arts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Visual arts Many sculptures together in a garden setting may be referred to as a sculpture garden. Sculptors do not always make sculptures by hand. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Visual arts The Classical period saw changes in both the style and function of sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Classical sculpture Examples of Roman sculpture are abundantly preserved, in total contrast to Roman painting, which was very widely practiced but has almost all been lost. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Classical sculpture Greco-Roman sculpture had a profound influence on Western art. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Classical sculpture Jackson is the anchor for the Jackson, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi After the treaty was ratified, American settlers moved into the area, encroaching on remaining Choctaw communal lands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi The state legislature first met in Jackson on December 23, 1822. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson was connected by public road to Vicksburg and Clinton in 1826. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Union forces began the Siege of Jackson, which lasted for approximately one week. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Because of the siege and following destruction, few antebellum structures have survived in Jackson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi The Jackson City Hall, built in 1846 for less than $8,000, also survived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi It became a center for prestigious events held by Jackson society and Mississippi politicians. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Speculators had begun searching for oil and natural gas in Jackson beginning in 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi New participants kept joining the movement, as they intended to fill the jails in Jackson with their protest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson sits atop the extinct Jackson Volcano, located 2,900 feet (880 m) underground. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi The artesian ground water flow is not as extensive in Jackson for this reason. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson is located in the humid subtropical climate zone (Köppen Cfa). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson remained a small town for much of the 19th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi The surrounding area supports agricultural development of livestock, soybeans, cotton, and poultry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Mississippi Symphony Orchestra (MSO), formerly the Jackson Symphony Orchestra, founded in 1944 --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The portion of Jackson in Madison County is within the Madison County School District. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Get on Up, a movie released in August 2014, had some scenes filmed in Jackson, and nearby Natchez. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi The area now called Jackson was obtained by the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820, by which The United States acquired the land owned by the Choctaw Native Americans. After the treaty was ratified, American settlers moved into the area, encroaching on remaining Choctaw communal lands. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson had significant growth in the early 20th century, which produced dramatic changes in the city's skyline. Jackson's new Union Station downtown reflected the city's service by multiple rail lines, including the Illinois Central. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Mississippi Numerous railroad connections were constructed to Jackson, connecting it to many markets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan The majority of the corset manufacturers in Jackson closed their doors by 1920. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan Jackson and Lansing Railroad (JAIL) owns a line from Jackson to Lansing, Michigan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan US 127 is a loop route running through downtown, connecting with US 127 at either end. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan M-60 approaches Jackson from the southwest, ending at I-94 west of the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan Part of it is in the city of Jackson, but most is in Summit Township. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan Loomis Park: a shady park in the Jackson city limits. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan Anna Theresa Berger Lynch – cornetist and trumpeter; lived and died in Jackson --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan In addition, several area restaurants throughout the Jackson area offer their own version of the Coney Island hot dog, or just "coney" as referred to by local residents. Jackson's version of the coney dog is distinctly different from those featured in Detroit-area Coney Island restaurants or other Coney Island restaurants throughout Michigan and the Midwest. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, Michigan In 1830, Julia Neale Jackson remarried, against the wishes of her friends. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Virginia law forbade teaching a slave, free black or mulatto to read or write; nevertheless, Jackson secretly taught the slave, as he had promised. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson In his later years at Jackson's Mill, Thomas served as a schoolteacher. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson graduated 17th out of 59 students in the Class of 1846. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson It was in Mexico that Thomas Jackson first met Robert E. Lee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson His judgment proved correct, and a relieving brigade was able to exploit the advantage Jackson had broached. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson And if a student asked for help a second time, Jackson viewed him as insubordinate and punished him. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's peculiar personal traits contributed to his unpopularity as an educator. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson After Jackson was shot at Chancellorsville, a slave "Jim Lewis, had stayed with Jackson in the small house as he lay dying". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson If both forces could converge at Strasburg, Jackson's only escape route up the Valley would be cut. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Longstreet commanded the Right Wing (later to become known as the First Corps) and Jackson commanded the Left Wing. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson asked his staff to thank Stuart, saying that although the coat was too handsome for him, he would cherish it as a souvenir. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson was so embarrassed with the attention that he did not wear the new uniform for months. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Stonewall Jackson is praying in full view and in rear of your right flank! --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Because of his injuries, Jackson's left arm had to be amputated by Dr. Hunter McGuire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson He was offered Chandler's home for recovery, but Jackson refused and suggested using Chandler's plantation office building instead. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Union troops in the area were using 58 caliber balls. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson "Harper's Weekly reported Jackson's death on May 23, 1863, as follows: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson General "Stonewall" Jackson was badly wounded in the arm at the battles of Chancellorsville, and had his arm amputated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson thought of a lemon as a "rare treat ... enjoyed greatly whenever it could be obtained from the enemy's camp". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson himself had said, "My religious belief teaches me to feel as safe in battle as in bed." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson In command, Jackson was extremely secretive about his plans and extremely meticulous about military discipline. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Many theorists through the years have postulated that if Jackson had lived, Lee might have prevailed at Gettysburg. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Chesty Puller idolized Jackson, and carried George Henderson's biography of Jackson with him on campaigns. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson A poem penned during the war soon became a popular song, "Stonewall Jackson's Way". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson West Virginia's Stonewall Jackson State Park is named in his honor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson John Jackson was an Irish Protestant from Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland. While living in London, England, he was convicted of the capital crime of larceny for stealing £170; the judge at the Old Bailey sentenced him to seven years penal transportation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson He was named for his maternal grandfather. There is some dispute about the actual location of Jackson's birth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Formal education was not easily obtained, but he attended school when and where he could. Much of Jackson's education was self-taught. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Jackson assented, and I rapidly conducted him to the point of observation. There had been no change in the picture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson From what I have read and heard of Jackson since that day, I know now what he was doing then. Oh! "beware of rashness", General Hooker. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Robert E. Lee could trust Jackson with deliberately undetailed orders that conveyed Lee's overall objectives, what modern doctrine calls the "end state". This was because Jackson had a talent for understanding Lee's sometimes unstated goals, and Lee trusted Jackson with the ability to take whatever actions were necessary to implement his end state requirements. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stonewall Jackson Greater London is a ceremonial county of England that makes up the majority of the London region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The Greater London Arterial Road Programme was devised between 1913 and 1916. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The London Traffic Act 1924 was a result of the Commission. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The majority of Greater London forms the London low emission zone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Greater London is under the strategic local governance of the Greater London Authority (GLA). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London It consists of an elected assembly, the London Assembly, and an executive head, the Mayor of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The current Mayor (not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London) is Sadiq Khan. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London For the purposes of the Lieutenancies Act 1997, this area is defined as a county. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The term "London" usually refers to region or to the conurbation, but not often to the ancient, tiny City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Greater London is officially divided for some purposes, with varying definitions, into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Greater London is divided into 32 London Boroughs, each governed by a London Borough council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Within the City of London are the liberties of Middle Temple and Inner Temple. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The population of the current area of Greater London rose from about 1.1 million in 1801 (when only about 850,000 people were in the urban area, while 250,000 were living in villages and towns not yet part of London) to an estimated 8.6 million in 1939, but declined to 6.7 million in 1988, before starting to rebound in the 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The City of London has no state schools, just two independent schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London Some London boroughs need more good sixth form colleges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London The University of London has 20 federated colleges and schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London University College London (UCL) and King's College London (KCL). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London In 2018 the estimated population surpassed 9 million. The Greater London Built-up Area is used in some national statistics and is a measure of most of the continuous urban area, and includes areas outside the administrative region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London In terms of ceremonial counties, London is divided into the small City of London and the much wider Greater London. This arrangement has come about because as the area of London grew and absorbed neighbouring settlements, a series of administrative reforms did not amalgamate the City of London with the surrounding metropolitan area, and its unique political structure was retained. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Greater London .london is a top-level domain (TLD) for London, England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) .london Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport (IATA: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport Delta reduced its flights in the 1990s and 2000s; in 2013 it flew only to Atlanta from Jackson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport American downgraded service in 1995 from Jackson to American Eagle service only to Dallas/Ft. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport They are the only airline to schedule the Airbus A320 family to Jackson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport Bronze is the most popular metal for cast metal sculptures; a cast bronze sculpture is often called simply a "bronze". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bronze sculpture Typically modern bronze is 88% copper and 12% tin. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Bronze sculpture Their association with the area is recorded in the names of nearby Calonne and Marryat roads. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wimbledon, London Wimbledon lies in the southwest area of London, south of Wandsworth, west of Mitcham, north of Sutton and east of Kingston upon Thames, on the outskirts of Greater London. It is 7 miles (11.3 km) south-west of Charing Cross. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wimbledon, London The Jackson House Foundation estimates that it will cost about a million dollars to restore the building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson Rooming House If so, it would be the earliest known depiction of myth in the history of Greek sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Greek sculpture Inspired by the monumental stone sculpture of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, the Greeks began again to carve in stone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Greek sculpture Their drapery is carved and painted with the delicacy and meticulousness common in the details of sculpture of this period. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Greek sculpture This made sculpture, like pottery, an industry, with the consequent standardisation and (some) lowering of quality. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ancient Greek sculpture Relief sculpture may also decorate steles, upright slabs, usually of stone, often also containing inscriptions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture The term "sculpture" is often used mainly to describe large works, which are sometimes called monumental sculpture, meaning either or both of sculpture that is large, or that is attached to a building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture One of the most common purposes of sculpture is in some form of association with religion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Some sculpture, such as ice sculpture, sand sculpture, and gas sculpture, is deliberately short-lived. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Monumental sculpture covers large works, and architectural sculpture, which is attached to buildings. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Romanesque art was characterised by a very vigorous style in both sculpture and painting. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Church sculpture mostly moved inside just as outside public monuments became common. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture His iconic David (1504) has a contrapposto pose, borrowed from classical sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture In both areas, sculpture was initially of stone, and later of terracotta and metal as the civilizations in these areas became more technologically proficient. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Minimalist sculpture replaced the figure in public settings and architects almost completely stopped using sculpture in or on their designs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture Artists such as Isamu Noguchi, David Smith, Alexander Calder, Jean Tinguely, Richard Lippold, George Rickey, Louise Bourgeois, and Louise Nevelson came to characterize the look of modern sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture Ice sculpture is a form of ephemeral sculpture that uses ice as the raw material. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture The day-to-day running of the corporation is left to the Commissioner of Transport for London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The London Underground was used by 1.357 billion passengers in 2017/2018. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The Bakerloo line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The Central line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The Piccadilly line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground Between 1948 and 1957 the word "Underground" in the bar was replaced by "London Transport". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground Art on the Underground was launched in 2000 to revive London Underground as a patron of the arts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground The London Underground Film Office received over 200 requests to film in 2000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Underground Painting and sculpture no longer merely recorded sensations generated through the eye; but resulted from the intelligence of both artist and observer. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cubist sculpture Only in open planal form could this union of painting and sculpture be realized. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cubist sculpture Depending on the movement around the sculpture and effects of lighting, concave and convex surfaces appear alternately to protrude or recede. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cubist sculpture He progressively turned toward Cubism in 1914 with periodic reference to Negro sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cubist sculpture His three heads are the most remarkable works of sculpture at the Albert Hall. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Cubist sculpture Since 2010, the City has hosted an annual exhibition of public sculpture, called "Sculpture in the City". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of public art in the City of London The inaugural ride did not start in London, but in Doncaster, the home town of the organiser. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London–Edinburgh–London Riders headed first north to Edinburgh and back, then south to London and back. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London–Edinburgh–London Jackson, named after Colonel Alden Jackson, was founded in 1848 around a year-round spring. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, California In 1853, Jackson became the county seat of newly formed Amador County, California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, California Jackson has several buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places; several are noted below. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, California The racial makeup of Jackson was 4,090 (87.9%) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, California Jackson has only one high school, Argonaut High School. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson, California The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Bridges under the jurisdiction of the City include London Bridge and Blackfriars Bridge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London London came top in the Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index, published in 2008. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The Romans built the London Wall some time between AD 190 and 225. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The refortified Anglo-Saxon settlement was known as Lundenburh ("London Fort", a borough). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London In the 1630s the Crown sought to have the Corporation of the City of London extend its jurisdiction to surrounding areas. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Expansion continued and became more rapid by the beginning of the 19th century, with London growing in all directions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The Museum of London is based there, as are a number of other services provided by the Corporation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Between them ran the Walbrook, one of the many "lost" rivers or streams of London (another is the Fleet). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London It then turns south-west, crossing the Minories so as to exclude the Tower of London, and then reaches the river. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London There were 1,814 incidents attended in the City in 2006/2007—the lowest in Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City is well served by the London Underground ("tube") and National Rail networks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Elizabeth line (Crossrail) will run east-west underneath the City of London once it opens. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Thameslink services call at Farringdon, City Thameslink, and London Blackfriars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London All stations in the City are in London fare zone 1. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London The City, like most of central London, is well served by buses, including night buses. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London Cycling infrastructure in the City is maintained by the City of London Corporation and Transport for London (TfL). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) City of London He approached the project with a great deal of enthusiasm, designing a sculpture which was ambiguous and somewhat controversial. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture Postmodern sculpture occupies a broader field of activities than Modernist sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture Modern sculpture is often created outdoors, as in environmental art and environmental sculpture, often in full view of spectators. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture Light sculpture and site-specific art also often make use of the environment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Modern sculpture This was preceded by a succession of timber bridges, the first of which was built by the Roman founders of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge The bridge area has twice been the target of terrorist attacks – once in 2017, and again in 2019. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge A smaller settlement developed at the southern end of the bridge, in the area now known as Southwark. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge The London tornado of 1091 destroyed it, also damaging St Mary-le-Bow. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge The Great Fire of London destroyed the bridge's waterwheels, preventing them from pumping water to fight the fire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge London Bridge was the one bridge not subsequently stripped of the illuminations, which are regularly switched on at night. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Bridge The Jackson, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Mississippi that covers five counties: Copiah, Hinds, Madison, Rankin, and Simpson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi According to 2018 estimates, the metro area's population has increased to 580,166. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is the capital and the most populous city of the State of Mississippi. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Upon learning that Vicksburg had already surrendered, the Confederates retreated back into Jackson, thus beginning the Siege of Jackson, which lasted for approximately one week. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Today, the main Jackson public library is named in her honor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Since 1960, Jackson has undergone a series of dramatic changes and growth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Hinds County School District (serves Hinds County outside of the Jackson city limits) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is home to the USA International Ballet Competition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The rotation is currently among Jackson, Varna, Helsinki, Finland and Shanghai, China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi 930 Blues Cafe – Blues; 930 N. Congress St. in downtown --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi , roughly parallels Interstate 55 from the I-20/I-55 western split to downtown. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi In addition, Jackson is served by the Natchez Trace Parkway, which runs from Natchez to Nashville, Tennessee. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is served by the Canadian National Railway (formerly the Illinois Central Railroad). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Jackson. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Union forces completely burned the city after its capture this second time, and the city earned the nickname "Chimneyville" because only the chimneys of houses were left standing. The northern line of Confederate defenses in Jackson during the siege was located along a road near downtown Jackson, now known as Fortification Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The highly polished surface of court sculpture is often called Mauryan polish. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Both Mathura and Sarnath exported sculpture to other parts of northern India. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent The main bodhisattva appear prominently in sculpture for the first time, as in the paintings at Ajanta. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Although India had a long sculptural tradition and a mastery of rich iconography, the Buddha was never represented in human form before this time, but only through some of his symbols. This may be because Gandharan Buddhist sculpture in modern Afghanistan displays Greek and Persian artistic influence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent This may be because Gandharan Buddhist sculpture in modern Afghanistan displays Greek and Persian artistic influence. Artistically, the Gandharan school of sculpture is said to have contributed wavy hair, drapery covering both shoulders, shoes and sandals, acanthus leaf decorations, etc. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Modern Indian sculptors include D.P Roy Choudhury, Ramkinkar Baij, Sankho Chaudhuri and Chintamoni Kar. The National Gallery of modern Art has a large collection of modern Indian sculpture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent The park initially prohibited the public from photographing this sculpture, positioned alongside Elliott Avenue, but eventually lifted the prohibition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Olympic Sculpture Park London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has been a major settlement for two millennia, and was originally called Londinium, which was founded by the Romans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London is one of the world's most important global cities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has numerous museums, galleries, libraries and sporting events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The London Underground is the oldest rapid transit system in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London At its height in the 2nd century, Roman London had a population of around 60,000. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded that Alfred "refounded" London in 886. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London became the principal North Sea port, with migrants arriving from England and abroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London By the end of the Tudor period in 1603, London was still very compact. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Rebuilding took over ten years and was supervised by Robert Hooke as Surveyor of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 1700s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London This was borne out of London's ever-increasing role as a major international financial centre during the 1980s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The mayor's statutory planning strategy is published as the London Plan, which was most recently revised in 2011. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The London Air Ambulance charity operates in conjunction with the LAS where required. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The current Minister for London is Paul Scully MP. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Funding cuts to police in London are likely to have contributed to this, though other factors are also involved. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Greater London boundary has been aligned to the M25 motorway in places. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The extended area known as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a total area of 8,382 square kilometres (3,236 sq mi) has a population of 13,709,000 and a population density of 1,510 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,900/sq mi). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Since the Victorian era the Thames has been extensively embanked, and many of its London tributaries now flow underground. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb ). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The surrounding East London area saw much of London's early industrial development; now, brownfield sites throughout the area are being redeveloped as part of the Thames Gateway including the London Riverside and Lower Lea Valley, which was developed into the Olympic Park for the 2012 Olympics and Paralympics. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London's buildings are too diverse to be characterised by any particular architectural style, partly because of their varying ages. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London About 69% of children born in London in 2015 had at least one parent who was born abroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The table to the right shows the most common countries of birth of London residents. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London During the period 1991–2001 a net 726,000 immigrants arrived in London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has traditionally been Christian, and has a large number of churches, particularly in the City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Cockney is an accent heard across London, mainly spoken by working-class and lower-middle class Londoners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London has some of the highest real estate prices in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London For many bankers established in Amsterdam (e.g. Hope, Baring), this was only time to move to London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Around 325,000 people were employed in financial services in London until mid-2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Additionally, various other airports also serve London, catering primarily to general aviation flights. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London With the need for more rail capacity in London, Crossrail is expected to open in 2021. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London also has convenient rail connections with airports out of Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Most of this cargo passes through the Port of Tilbury, outside the boundary of Greater London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The A1 and M1 connect London to Leeds, and Newcastle and Edinburgh. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London With a few exceptions, motorists are required to pay to drive within a defined zone encompassing much of central London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London London offers a great variety of cuisine as a result of its ethnically diverse population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The Tate Gallery, as it was formerly known, also became a major centre for modern art. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London In 2017, London hosted the World Championships in Athletics for the first time. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London By the end of the Tudor period in 1603, London was still very compact. There was an assassination attempt on James I in Westminster, in the Gunpowder Plot on 5 November 1605.In 1637, the government of Charles I attempted to reform administration in the area of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London There was an assassination attempt on James I in Westminster, in the Gunpowder Plot on 5 November 1605.In 1637, the government of Charles I attempted to reform administration in the area of London. The plan called for the Corporation of the city to extend its jurisdiction and administration over expanding areas around the city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London You find no man, at all intellectual, who is willing to leave London. No, Sir, when a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Forty per cent of Greater London is covered by the London post town, within which 'LONDON' forms part of postal addresses. The London telephone area code (020) covers a larger area, similar in size to Greater London, although some outer districts are excluded and some places just outside are included. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Within London, both the City of London and the City of Westminster have city status and both the City of London and the remainder of Greater London are counties for the purposes of lieutenancies. The area of Greater London includes areas that are part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London The area of Greater London includes areas that are part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire. London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Places within London's vast urban area are identified using district names, such as Mayfair, Southwark, Wembley and Whitechapel. These are either informal designations, reflect the names of villages that have been absorbed by sprawl, or are superseded administrative units such as parishes or former boroughs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Such names have remained in use through tradition, each referring to a local area with its own distinctive character, but without official boundaries. Since 1965 Greater London has been divided into 32 London boroughs in addition to the ancient City of London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Since the turn of the century the Cockney dialect is less common in parts of the East End itself, with modern strongholds including other parts of London and suburbs in the home counties. Estuary English is an intermediate accent between Cockney and Received Pronunciation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Over half of the UK's top 100 listed companies (the FTSE 100) and over 100 of Europe's 500 largest companies have their headquarters in central London. Over 70 per cent of the FTSE 100 are within London's metropolitan area, and 75 per cent of Fortune 500 companies have offices in London. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) London Aldgate () was one of the gates in the former defensive wall around the City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Aldgate It is thought that a gate at Aldgate spanned the road to Colchester in the Roman period, when London Wall was constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Aldgate Jews were welcomed back by Oliver Cromwell, and once again they settled in the area, founding London's oldest synagogue at Bevis Marks in 1698.On 10 April 1992 the Provisional IRA detonated a bomb close to the Baltic Exchange, severely damaging the historic building and neighbouring structures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Aldgate The nearest London Underground station is Aldgate on the Circle and Metropolitan lines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Aldgate The area became known as Old Jewry. Jews were welcomed back by Oliver Cromwell, and once again they settled in the area, founding London's oldest synagogue at Bevis Marks in 1698.On 10 April 1992 the Provisional IRA detonated a bomb close to the Baltic Exchange, severely damaging the historic building and neighbouring structures. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Aldgate In ancient Egypt, ink drawings on papyrus, often depicting people, were used as models for painting or sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual arts The Scream (1893), his most famous work, is widely interpreted as representing the universal anxiety of modern man. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual arts Normally, the print is printed on paper, but other mediums range from cloth and vellum to more modern materials. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual arts Because sculpture involves the use of materials that can be moulded or modulated, it is considered one of the plastic arts. The majority of public art is sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual arts The majority of public art is sculpture. Many sculptures together in a garden setting may be referred to as a sculpture garden. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual arts The term "classical" is also widely used for a stylistic tendency in later sculpture, not restricted to works in a Neoclassical or classical style. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Classical sculpture Jackson, officially the City of Jackson, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. State of Mississippi. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The city sits on the Pearl River and is located in the greater Jackson Prairie region of Mississippi. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi With a 2019 population estimated at 595,000, metropolitan Jackson is home to about one-fifth of Mississippi's population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The region that is now the city of Jackson was historically part of the large territory occupied by the Choctaw Nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The largest community is located in Choctaw 100 miles (160 km) northeast of Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Despite its small population, during the Civil War, Jackson became a strategic center of manufacturing for the Confederacy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Confederate forces began to reassemble in Jackson in preparation for an attempt to break through the Union lines surrounding Vicksburg and end the siege. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The Confederate forces in Jackson built defensive fortifications encircling the city while preparing to march west to Vicksburg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Confederate forces marched out of Jackson in early July 1863 to break the siege of Vicksburg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi General Ulysses S. Grant dispatched General Sherman to meet the Confederate forces heading west from Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi On July 16, 1863, Confederate forces slipped out of Jackson during the night and retreated across the Pearl River. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson's economic growth was further stimulated in the 1930s by the discovery of natural gas fields nearby. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi J.J. Halbert, city engineer, proposed a straightening and dredging of the Pearl River below Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi In 1949, the poet Margaret Walker began teaching at Jackson State University, a historically black college. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Although the Freedom Riders had intended New Orleans as their final destination, Jackson was the farthest that any managed to travel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi In 1966 it was estimated that recurring flood damage at Jackson from the Pearl River averaged nearly a million dollars per year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi As Jackson has become the medical and legal center of the state, it has attracted Jewish professionals in both fields. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi In 1997, Harvey Johnson, Jr. was elected as Jackson's first African-American mayor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson is located primarily in northeastern Hinds County, with small portions in Madison and Rankin counties. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi An unconnected section of the city surrounds Jackson–Evers International Airport in Rankin County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson lies in a region prone to severe thunderstorms which can produce large hail, damaging winds, and tornadoes. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi By 1944, Jackson's population had risen to some 70,000 inhabitants, and it became the largest city in the state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi In 2015, 11 percent of city of Jackson households lacked a car, which decreased to 7.6 percent in 2016. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson averaged 1.68 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Of major U.S. cities, only St. Louis surpassed Jackson's homicide rate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC) operates the Jackson Probation & Parole Office in Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The larger portion of Jackson is part of Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The quality of Jackson's water infrastructure system decreased after the severe winter weather of 2014–2015. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson Public School District (JPS) operates 60 public schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson Public Schools is the only urban school district in the state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi St. Joseph Catholic School (Madison), of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Jackson --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi In 2011, the United States Navy named the USS Jackson (LCS-6) in honor of the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson Rugby Football Club – men's 15s amateur rugby team --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Upon learning that Vicksburg had already surrendered, the Confederates retreated into Jackson. Union forces began the Siege of Jackson, which lasted for approximately one week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Union forces began the Siege of Jackson, which lasted for approximately one week. Union forces encircled the city and began an artillery bombardment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Following the decades of the Great Migration, when more than one million black people left the rural South, since the 1930s the state has been majority white in total population. African Americans are a majority in the city of Jackson, although the metropolitan area is majority white. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi Much of Jackson's rainfall occurs during thunderstorms. Thunder is heard on roughly 70 days each year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi This part is zoned to Terry High School in Terry. The portion of Jackson in Madison County is within the Madison County School District. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Mississippi The Ballpark at Jackson was built by the municipal government of Jackson, Tennessee, and is the home of the Jackson Generals, formerly of the Southern League. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Ballpark at Jackson Meanwhile, the Generals and the City of Jackson will go to an arbiter to determine which party has legal control of the stadium. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Ballpark at Jackson Kellogg's opted not to renew the naming rights agreement, and the name was changed to The Ballpark at Jackson for the 2013 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) The Ballpark at Jackson Jackson is the only city and county seat of Jackson County in the U.S. state of Michigan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Michigan's first prison, Michigan State Prison (or Jackson State Prison), opened in Jackson in 1838 and remains in operation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan The first official meeting of the group that called itself "Republican" was held in Jackson on July 6, 1854. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Before Detroit began building cars on assembly lines in 1910, Jackson factories were making parts for cars and putting them together. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan The local invention of the duplex corset by Bortree helped make Jackson a center of corset manufacturing. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Family-owned food manufacturer and distributor Dawn Foods has been based in Jackson since 1920. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Jackson's state prison complex includes the first state prison building, which was expanded and became known as the largest walled prison in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Federally, Jackson is located in Michigan's 7th congressional district, represented by Republican Tim Walberg. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan An additional 15 higher education institutions are within one hour of Jackson County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Jackson has a number of notable historic churches, several of which were established prior to the American Civil War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan St. Mary Star of the Sea was established in 1881 as Jackson's second Catholic church. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan It is freeway from Jackson northerly past Lansing, while the freeway south of Jackson quickly transitions to a two-lane, uncontrolled access highway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Reynolds Field at Jackson County Airport is the main airport for the city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Bloomfield Park: a small park in the Jackson city limits on Michigan Avenue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Nixon Park (William Nixon Memorial park): a water park in the city of Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan According to the Köppen climate classification system, Jackson has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Tours of the original prison site on Cooper Street are available through the Original Jackson Historic Prison Tours. A closed, fully intact cell block at the modern prison in Blackman Township is now operated as the Cell Block 7 Prison Museum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Among the modern churches in the town is Westwinds Community Church, a non-denominational, evangelical Christian church. Founded in 1865 in a blacksmith shop, Community Jackson African Methodist Episcopal Church became the first place of worship for African Americans in Jackson County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan The trail has been dedicated as a Jackson County Park. The trail is mostly rural, with only a few road crossings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, Michigan Military historians regard Jackson as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson John Jackson was an Irish Protestant from Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson They both were transported on the merchant ship Litchfield, which departed London in May 1749 with 150 convicts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Their second son was Edward Jackson (1759–1828), and Edward's third son was Jonathan Jackson, Thomas's father. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Thomas Jackson was born in the town of Clarksburg, Virginia, on January 21, 1824. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's mother gave birth to Thomas's sister Laura Ann the day after Jackson's father died. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Julia Jackson thus was widowed at 28 and was left with much debt and three young children (including the newborn). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Thomas and Laura Ann returned from Jackson's Mill in November 1831 to be at their dying mother's bedside. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson The Civil War has sometimes been referred to as a war of "brother against brother," but in the case of the Jackson family, it was brother against sister. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Laura Jackson Arnold was close to her brother Thomas until the Civil War period. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Though he spent a great deal of time preparing in depth for each class meeting, Jackson was unpopular as a teacher. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Preston's second wife, Margaret Junkin Preston, was the sister of Jackson's first wife, Elinor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Another slave, Albert, requested that Jackson purchase him and allow him to work for his freedom; he was employed as a waiter in one of the Lexington hotels and Jackson rented him to VMI. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Amy also requested that Jackson purchase her from a public slave auction and she served the family as a cook and housekeeper. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Major Jackson was placed in command of the artillery, consisting of two howitzers manned by twenty-one cadets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson became known for his relentless drilling of his troops; he believed discipline was vital to success on the battlefield. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson As he rode back to his command, Bee exhorted his own troops to re-form by shouting, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson was ordered by Richmond to operate in the Valley to defeat Banks's threat and prevent McDowell's troops from reinforcing McClellan. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Lincoln decided that the defeat of Jackson was an immediate priority (though Jackson's orders were solely to keep Union forces occupied away from Richmond). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson After a series of maneuvers, Jackson defeated Frémont's command at Cross Keys and Brig. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Stonewall Jackson's reputation for moving his troops so rapidly earned them the oxymoronic nickname "foot cavalry". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson At Manassas Junction, Jackson was able to capture all of the supplies of the Union Army depot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's previous coat was threadbare and colorless from exposure to the elements, its buttons removed by admiring ladies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson So impressed was I with my discovery, that I rode rapidly back to the point on the Plank road where I had left my cavalry, and back down the road Jackson was moving, until I met "Stonewall" himself. " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson immediately returned to his corps and arranged his divisions into a line of battle to charge directly into the oblivious Federal right. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Lee wrote to Jackson after learning of his injuries, stating: "Could I have directed events, I would have chosen for the good of the country to be disabled in your stead." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson died of complications from pneumonia on May 10, 1863, eight days after he was shot. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Dr. McGuire wrote an account of Jackson's final hours and last words: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Upon hearing of Jackson's death, Robert E. Lee mourned the loss of both a friend and a trusted commander. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson held a lifelong belief that one of his arms was longer than the other, and thus usually held the "longer" arm up to equalize his circulation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson A recurring story concerns Jackson's love of lemons, which he allegedly gnawed whole to alleviate symptoms of dyspepsia (indigestion). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson It warped Jackson's judgment of men, leading to poor appointments; it was said he preferred good Presbyterians to good soldiers." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson James I. Robertson, Jr. suggests that Jackson was "a Christian soldier in every sense of the word". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Little Sorrel died at age 36 and is buried near a statue of Jackson on the parade grounds of VMI. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson After the war, Jackson's wife and young daughter Julia moved from Lexington to North Carolina. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Mary Anna Jackson wrote two books about her husband's life, including some of his letters. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson General Douglas MacArthur called Robert L. Eichelberger his Stonewall Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson A Stonewall Jackson Monument was unveiled on October 11, 1919, in Richmond, Virginia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson graduated 17th out of 59 students in the Class of 1846. It was said by his peers that if he had stayed there another year, he would have graduated first. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson His commanding officer was Major William H. French. Jackson and French disagreed often, and filed numerous complaints against each other. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Jackson and French disagreed often, and filed numerous complaints against each other. Jackson stayed in Florida less than a year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson As he rode back to his command, Bee exhorted his own troops to re-form by shouting, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Let us determine to die here, and we will conquer. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Then he had his troops destroy all of it, for it was the main depot for the Union Army. Jackson then retreated and then took up a defensive position and effectively invited Pope to assault him. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Darkness and confusion prevented Jackson from getting immediate care. He was dropped from his stretcher while being evacuated because of incoming artillery rounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson This secretive nature did not stand him in good stead with his subordinates, who were often not aware of his overall operational intentions until the last minute, and who complained of being left out of key decisions. Robert E. Lee could trust Jackson with deliberately undetailed orders that conveyed Lee's overall objectives, what modern doctrine calls the "end state". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Many theorists through the years have postulated that if Jackson had lived, Lee might have prevailed at Gettysburg. Certainly Jackson's discipline and tactical sense were sorely missed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson Chesty Puller idolized Jackson, and carried George Henderson's biography of Jackson with him on campaigns. Alexander Vandegrift also idolized Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stonewall Jackson The county of Greater London was created on 1 April 1965 through the London Government Act 1963. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In terms of ceremonial counties, London is divided into the small City of London and the much wider Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The term Greater London was used well before 1965, particularly to refer to the Metropolitan Police District (such as in the 1901 census), the area of the Metropolitan Water Board (favoured by the London County Council for statistics), the London Passenger Transport Area and the area defined by the Registrar General as the Greater London Conurbation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Its functions were devolved to the City Corporation and the London Boroughs, with some functions transferred to central government and joint boards. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The 1998 London referendum established a public will to recreate an upper tier of government to cover the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Greater London Authority, London Assembly and the directly elected Mayor of London were created in 2000 by the Greater London Authority Act 1999. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In 2000, the outer boundary of the Metropolitan Police District was re-aligned to the Greater London boundary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London He is scrutinised by the elected London Assembly, which may amend his annual budget (by two-thirds majority) but otherwise lacks the power to block his directives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Mayor is responsible for Greater London's strategic planning and is required to produce or amend the London Plan each electoral cycle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The Mayor of London is a directly elected politician who, along with the London Assembly, is responsible for the strategic government of Greater London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London For elections to the London Assembly, London is divided into 14 constituencies, each formed from two or three boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London That small area is often referred to as "the City" or "the Square Mile" and it forms the main financial district. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London London has been a focus for immigration for centuries, whether as a place of safety or for economic reasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The United Kingdom has traditionally been Christian, and London has a large number of churches, particularly in the City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London London is home to sizeable Hindu, Sikh, Muslim and Jewish communities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The majority of British Jews live in London, with significant communities in Stamford Hill (the most Orthodox Jewish area outside New York City and Israel) and St. John's Wood, Golders Green, and Edgware in North London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London From 1965 to 1990, 12 Inner London boroughs and the City of London were served by the Inner London Education Authority. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In inner London, private schools always get the best results and are larger in number. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London At GCSE and A level, Outer London boroughs have broadly better results than Inner London boroughs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Overall at GCSE in 2009, Greater London had the best results for regions of England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Greater London is generally a prosperous region, and prosperous areas generally have good GCSE results. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The two main constituents of the University of London are (in order of total funding) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London Imperial College was part of the University of London until 2007, and is now an independent university. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The next largest institution by funding is Queen Mary University of London, followed by City, University of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The London region does not have city status granted by the Crown. The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London In common usage, the terms "London" and "Greater London" are usually used interchangeably. Greater London is officially divided for some purposes, with varying definitions, into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Greater London The airport opened in 1963, a new airport to replace Hawkins Field, Jackson's airport since 1928. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport The mid-1990s saw a tightening in the airline industry of the hub-and-spoke system, and many destinations from Jackson were eliminated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport On October 22, 2020, Southwest Airlines announced that it would be returning to Jackson in the first half of 2021. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport For a large sculpture, the artist will usually prepare small study models until the pose and proportions are determined. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bronze sculpture Before modern welding techniques, large sculptures were generally cast in one piece with a single pour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Bronze sculpture The London Hammer (also known as the "London Artifact") is a name given to a hammer made of iron and wood that was found in London, Texas in 1936. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Hammer In 1983, Baugh's Creation Evidence Museum, purchased the hammeraround 1983 and began to promote it as ‘the London Artifact’. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Hammer A bivalve shell is embedded in part of the rock which was broken off to reveal the hammer; the precise age and species have yet to be properly analysed, but it appears to be a relatively modern species. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Hammer Wimbledon has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age when the hill fort on Wimbledon Common, the second-largest in London, is thought to have been constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wimbledon, London The original nucleus of Wimbledon was at the top of the hill close to the common – the area now known locally as "the village". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wimbledon, London By the 1880s, however, the power and range of rifles had advanced to the extent that shooting in an increasingly populated area was no longer considered safe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wimbledon, London The Polka Theatre is a children's theatre in Wimbledon, London Borough of Merton, for children up to 13. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wimbledon, London The 24-room establishment began as a six-room cottage built by Moses and Sarah Jackson in 1901. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson Rooming House The entirety of information known about sculpture in the Archaic and Geometrical periods are centered upon the works themselves, and seldom, if ever, on the sculptors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Ancient Greek sculpture The Western tradition of sculpture began in ancient Greece, and Greece is widely seen as producing great masterpieces in the classical period. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture During the Middle Ages, Gothic sculpture represented the agonies and passions of the Christian faith. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Stone sculpture is an ancient activity where pieces of rough natural stone are shaped by the controlled removal of stone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Wood is light, so suitable for masks and other sculpture intended to be carried, and can take very fine detail. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture From the 18th century or earlier sculpture also attracted middle-class students, although it was slower to do so than painting. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Outstanding abbey churches with sculpture include in France Vézelay and Moissac and in Spain Silos. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture The Gothic period is essentially defined by Gothic architecture, and does not entirely fit with the development of style in sculpture in either its start or finish. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Artists saw themselves as in the classical tradition, but admired Hellenistic and later Roman sculpture, rather than that of the more "Classical" periods as they are seen today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Partly in direct reaction, sculpture was as prominent in Roman Catholicism as in the late Middle Ages. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture In the 18th century much sculpture continued on Baroque lines—the Trevi Fountain was only completed in 1762. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture The Neoclassical style that arrived in the late 18th century gave great emphasis to sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture By the 1950s, traditional sculpture education would almost be completely replaced by a Bauhaus-influenced concern for abstract design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture The advent of Surrealism led to things occasionally being described as "sculpture" that would not have been so previously, such as "involuntary sculpture" in several senses, including coulage. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture Similarly, the work of Constantin Brâncuși at the beginning of the century paved the way for later abstract sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Light sculpture, street art sculpture and site-specific art also often make use of the environment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Sculpture is an important form of public art. A collection of sculpture in a garden setting can be called a sculpture garden. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture Hellenistic art, and artists, spread very widely, and was especially influential in the expanding Roman Republic and when it encountered Buddhism in the easternmost extensions of the Hellenistic area. The massive so-called Alexander Sarcophagus found in Sidon in modern Lebanon, was probably made there at the start of the period by expatriate Greek artists for a Hellenized Persian governor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture The first known sculpture in the Indian subcontinent is from the Indus Valley civilization (3300–1700 BCE), found in sites at Mohenjo-daro and Harappa in modern-day Pakistan. These include the famous small bronze female dancer and the so-called Priest-king. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture The Waterloo and City Railway opened in 1898, followed by the Central London Railway in 1900, known as the "twopenny tube". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground In 1962, the British Transport Commission was abolished, and the London Transport Executive was renamed the London Transport Board, reporting directly to the Minister of Transport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Also during the 1960s, the Victoria line was dug under central London and, unlike the earlier tunnels, did not follow the roads above. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Transport for London (TfL) was created in 2000 as the integrated body responsible for London's transport system. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The TfL Board is appointed by the Mayor of London, who also sets the structure and level of public transport fares in London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground TfL eventually replaced London Regional Transport, and discontinued the use of the London Transport brand in favour of its own brand. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Sixteen Underground stations are outside London region, eight on the Metropolitan line and eight on the Central line. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Lewisham used to be served by the East London line (stations at New Cross and New Cross Gate). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground In the years since the first parts of the London Underground opened, many stations and routes have been closed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground London Underground is therefore extending their operational life by making major repairs to many of the trains to maintain reliability. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground The current standard tube map shows the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Emirates Air Line, London Tramlink and the London Underground; a more detailed map covering a larger area, published by National Rail and Transport for London, includes suburban railway services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground For London Underground passengers, research suggests that transfers are highly costly in terms of walk and wait times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground MacDonald Gill (1884–1947), cartographer credited with drawing, in 1914, "the map that saved the London Underground". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground Edward Johnston (1872–1944) developed the Johnston Sans typeface, still in use today on the London Underground. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground A Central London Railway route diagram appears on a 1904 postcard and 1905 poster, similar maps appearing in District Railway cars in 1908. In the same year, following a marketing agreement between the operators, a joint central area map that included all the lines was published. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Underground This is largely because we read Gauguin, Degas, Matisse, and Picasso as painters even when looking at their sculpture, but also because their sculptures often deserve to be spoken of as much as paintings as sculptures". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture "Cubists sculpture", writes Douglas Cooper, "must be discussed apart from the painting because it followed other paths, which were sometimes similar but never parallel". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture Rodin's bronzes exhibit these same elemental qualities, qualities which are pushed to violent extremes in Cubist sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture The faces are rather blocky, the whole group with arms intertwined—arms that end suddenly, no hands, might be the sketch of a sculpture to be. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture Within three weeks, Brummer showed Csaky a sculpture he was working on: an exact copy of an African sculpture from the Congo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture Of this head and two other pieces of sculpture exhibited by Brâncuși in July, 1913, at the Allied Artists' Exhibition in London, Roger Fry said in The Nation, August 2: Constantin Brâncuși's sculptures have not, I think, been seen before in England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture By 1914 it was clear that sculpture had moved inexorably closer to painting, becoming a formal experiment, one inseparable from the other. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture Archipenko's sculptural voids", write Antliff and Leighten, "allows us to fill this illusory gap with our own durational consciousness". In 1914, Arthur Jerome Eddy examined what made Archipenko's sculpture, Family Life, exhibited at the Armory Show unique, powerful, modern and Cubist: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Cubist sculpture Riders set out from Cheshunt, on the northern outskirts of London, or from Thorne, close to the original Doncaster start. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London–Edinburgh–London The settlement was named for a local lawyer who was liked by miners named Alden Appola Moore Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson, California It is also a separate ceremonial county, being an enclave surrounded by Greater London, and is the smallest ceremonial county in the United Kingdom. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London (an office separate from, and much older than, the Mayor of London). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Although not within the City, the adjacent Tower of London is part of its old defensive perimeter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Romans built a bridge across the river, as early as AD 50, near to today's London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London By the time the London Wall was constructed, the City's fortunes were in decline, and it faced problems of plague and fire. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Following the Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror marched on London, reaching as far as Southwark, but failed to get across London Bridge or to defeat the Londoners. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City was burnt severely on a number of occasions, the worst being in 1123 and in the Great Fire of London in 1666. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The chief executive of the Corporation holds the ancient office of Town Clerk of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The majority of Greater London is policed by the Metropolitan Police Service, based at New Scotland Yard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London However the boundaries of the City of London no longer coincide with the old city wall, as the City expanded its jurisdiction slightly over time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Other visible sections are at St Alphage, and there are two sections near the Tower of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City is England's smallest ceremonial county by area and population, and the fourth most densely populated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Of the 326 English districts, it is the second smallest by population, after the Isles of Scilly, and the smallest by area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London There is one London Fire Brigade station in the City, at Dowgate, with one pumping appliance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London London's foreign exchange market has been described by Reuters as 'the crown jewel of London’s financial sector'. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Tower of London is not in the City, but is a notable visitor attraction which brings tourists to the southeast of the City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Destinations include Canary Wharf business district and London City Airport ().The --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London London Blackfriars - Thameslink services and some Southeastern services to South East London and Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London London Cannon Street - Southeastern services to South East London and Kent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The Sandander Cycles and Beryl bike sharing systems operate in the City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London It is the principal sponsor of The City Academy, Hackney, City of London Academy Islington, and City of London Academy, Southwark. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the modern city named London has since grown far beyond the City of London boundary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The 18th century was a period of rapid growth for London, reflecting an increasing national population, the early stirrings of the Industrial Revolution, and London's role at the centre of the evolving British Empire. The urban area expanded beyond the borders of the City of London, most notably during this period towards the West End and Westminster. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Today it is part of the London Borough of Southwark. The Tower of London has always been outside the City and comes under the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City is a police area and has its own police force, the City of London Police, separate from the Metropolitan Police Service covering the majority of Greater London. The City Police have three police stations, at Snow Hill, Wood Street and Bishopsgate, and an administrative headquarters at Guildhall Yard East. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London The City has many pubs, bars and restaurants, and the "night-time" economy does feature in the Bishopsgate area, towards Shoreditch. The meat market at Smithfield, wholly within the City, continues to be one of London's main markets (the only one remaining in central London) and the country's largest meat market. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) City of London Some sources name Picasso's 1909 bronze Head of a Woman as the first cubist sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture Just as collage was a radical development in two-dimensional art; so was construction a radical development in three-dimensional sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture In 1927, Brâncuși won a lawsuit against the U.S. customs authorities who attempted to value his sculpture as raw metal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture Picasso was commissioned to make a maquette for a huge, 50-foot (15 m)-high public sculpture to be built in Chicago, known usually as the Chicago Picasso. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture The modern sculpture movement can be said to begin at the Rodin exhibit at the Universal Exhibition held in Paris in 1900. At this event Rodin showed his Burghers of Calais, Balzac, Victor Hugo statues, and the exhibition included the first public showing of his Gates of Hell which included The Thinker. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Modern sculpture Love's original rendering in sculpture was made in 1970 and is displayed in Indiana at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Love (sculpture) Versions of the sculpture now exist in Hebrew, Chinese, Italian and Spanish, as well as the original English. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Love (sculpture) London artist D*Face parodied the image by rendering the word "hate" with the "A" tilted and Belgian artist Eddy Gabriel made a version using the word "lost". The sculpture is remade to read "THPS" in the Xbox expansion of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2, which has a stage set in Philadelphia's Love Park. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Love (sculpture) Several bridges named London Bridge have spanned the River Thames between the City of London and Southwark, in central London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge The first London Bridge was built by the Romans as part of their road-building programme, to help consolidate their conquest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge Henry II created a monastic guild, the "Brethren of the Bridge", to oversee all work on London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge In 1212, perhaps the greatest of the early fires of London broke out, spreading as far as the chapel and trapping many people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge In 1598, a German visitor to London, Paul Hentzner, counted over 30 heads on the bridge: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge In 1756, the London Bridge Act gave the City Corporation the power to purchase all the properties on the bridge so that they could be demolished and the bridge improved. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge While this work was underway, a temporary wooden bridge was constructed to the west of London Bridge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge On 3 June 2017, London Bridge was the target of a terrorist attack. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge English composer Eric Coates wrote a march about London Bridge in 1934. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bridge After surveying areas north and east of Jackson, they proceeded southwest along the Pearl River until they reached LeFleur's Bluff in Hinds County. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Unlike Vicksburg, Greenville, and Natchez, Jackson is not located on the Mississippi River, and did not develop like those cities from river commerce. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Confederate forces began to reassemble in Jackson in preparation for an attempt to break through the Union lines surrounding Vicksburg and end the siege there. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Confederate forces marched out of Jackson to break the siege of Vicksburg in early July 1863. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi General Ulysses S. Grant dispatched General Sherman to meet the Confederate forces heading west from Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson's economic growth was stimulated in the 1930s by the discovery of natural gas fields nearby. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi During World War II, Hawkins Field in northwest Jackson became a major airbase. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Although the Freedom Riders had planned to make New Orleans their final destination, Jackson was the farthest that any of them actually managed to travel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Jackson and of the Episcopal Diocese of Mississippi. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson Advocate, weekly newspaper and oldest newspaper serving the state's African-American community, at http://www.jacksonadvocate.com --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi In 1979 the event first came to the United States in Jackson, Mississippi, where it now returns every four years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The City of Jackson Fire Museum and Public Fire Safety Education Center --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Amtrak's southbound City of New Orleans provides service from Jackson to New Orleans and some points between. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The Jackson, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Mississippi that covers five counties: Copiah, Hinds, Madison, Rankin, and Simpson. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 539,057. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The Canadian National has a medium-sized yard downtown which Mill Street parallels and the Kansas City Southern has a large classification yard in Richland. Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Jackson. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi The first known sculpture in the Indian subcontinent is from the Indus Valley civilization (3300–1700 BCE). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent This period marked the appearance of Indian stone sculpture; much previous sculpture was probably in wood and has not survived. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent While they are famous for their erotic sculptures, sexual themes cover less than a tenth of the temple sculpture. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Nonetheless, religious sculpture continued, especially in the far south, where the larger temples continued to expand in a rather competitive fashion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent The Pala Empire ruled a large area in north and east India between the 8th and 12th centuries CE, mostly later inherited by the Sena Empire. During this time, the style of sculpture changed from "Post-Gupta" to a distinctive style that was widely influential in other areas and later centuries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent Although staff offered to modify the carbarn into a sculpture to fit into the park, the building was demolished and the line shut down in November 2005. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Olympic Sculpture Park And in 2020, London had the second-highest number of billionaires of any city in Europe, after Moscow. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Vikings established Danelaw over much of eastern and northern England; its boundary stretched roughly from London to Chester. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Disaster struck in the form of the Black Death in the mid-14th century, when London lost nearly a third of its population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Great Fire of London broke out in 1666 in Pudding Lane in the city and quickly swept through the wooden buildings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The 1948 Summer Olympics were held at the original Wembley Stadium, at a time when London was still recovering from the war. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Thames Barrier was completed in the 1980s to protect London against tidal surges from the North Sea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London To celebrate the start of the 21st century, the Millennium Dome, London Eye and Millennium Bridge were constructed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The administration of London is formed of two tiers: a citywide, strategic tier and a local tier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The local authorities are the councils of the 32 London boroughs and the City of London Corporation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London It is run by the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority and is the third largest fire service in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London There are 73 members of Parliament (MPs) from London, elected from local parliamentary constituencies in the national Parliament. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's average July high is 23.5 °C (74.3 °F). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London This can be seen below when comparing London Heathrow, 15 miles (24 km) west of London, with the London Weather Centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Since 1965 Greater London has been divided into 32 London boroughs in addition to the ancient City of London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The West End is London's main entertainment and shopping district, attracting tourists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London West London includes expensive residential areas where properties can sell for tens of millions of pounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London's wetland areas support nationally important populations of many water birds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The region covers an area of 1,579 square kilometres (610 sq mi). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London In terms of population, London is the 19th largest city and the 18th largest metropolitan region. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The 2011 census showed that 36.7 per cent of Greater London's population were born outside the UK. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London is also home to 44 Hindu temples, including the BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to London's historic Sephardic Jewish community. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The community set up the London Jewish Forum in 2006 in response to the growing significance of devolved London Government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London It is widely spoken by people of all classes in London and south-eastern England, associated with the River Thames and its estuary. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London It has no specific geographical correlate, although it is also traditionally defined as the standard speech used in London and south-eastern England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London On average the price per square metre in central London is €24,252 (April 2014). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London took over as a major financial centre shortly after 1795 when the Dutch Republic collapsed before the Napoleonic armies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London By the end of the 19th century, Britain was the wealthiest of all nations, and London a leading financial centre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has over 480 overseas banks, more than any other city in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Because of its prominent global role, London's economy had been affected by the financial crisis of 2007–2008. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London A growing number of technology companies are based in London notably in East London Tech City, also known as Silicon Roundabout. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London As of 2016 London was the world top city destination as ranked by TripAdvisor users. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Eight airports use the word London in their name, but most traffic passes through six of these. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The London Underground, commonly referred to as the Tube, is the oldest and third longest metro system in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London South London, particularly, has a high concentration of railways as it has fewer Underground lines. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London is the centre of the National Rail network, with 70 per cent of rail journeys starting or ending in London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The first high-speed domestic trains started in June 2009 linking Kent to London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has river boat services on the Thames known as Thames Clippers, which offer both commuter and tourist boat services. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The inner ring road (around the city centre), the North and South Circular roads (just within the suburbs), and the outer orbital motorway (the M25, just outside the built-up area in most places) encircle the city and are intersected by a number of busy radial routes—but very few motorways penetrate into inner London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London A 2014 PricewaterhouseCoopers report termed London the global capital of higher education. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Members of the University of London have their own admissions procedures, and most award their own degrees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The literary centres of London have traditionally been hilly Hampstead and (since the early 20th century) Bloomsbury. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Also of significance is Letitia Elizabeth Landon's Calendar of the London Seasons (1834). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London has been a major settlement for two millennia, and was originally called Londinium, which was founded by the Romans. The City of London, London's ancient core and financial centre—an area of just 1.12 square miles (2.9 km2) and colloquially known as the Square Mile—retains boundaries that closely follow its medieval limits. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The City of London, London's ancient core and financial centre—an area of just 1.12 square miles (2.9 km2) and colloquially known as the Square Mile—retains boundaries that closely follow its medieval limits. The adjacent City of Westminster has for centuries been the location of much of the national government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The London region is governed by the mayor of London and the London Assembly. London is one of the world's most important global cities. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. In writing, "London" is, on occasion, colloquially contracted to "LDN". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London With the collapse of Roman rule in the early 5th century, London ceased to be a capital, and the walled city of Londinium was effectively abandoned, although Roman civilisation continued in the area of St Martin-in-the-Fields until around 450. From around 500, an Anglo-Saxon settlement known as Lundenwic developed slightly west of the old Roman city. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Vikings established Danelaw over much of eastern and northern England; its boundary stretched roughly from London to Chester. It was an area of political and geographical control imposed by the Viking incursions which was formally agreed by the Danish warlord, Guthrum and the West Saxon king Alfred the Great in 886. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London London then grew slowly until about 950, after which activity increased dramatically. By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 1700s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Greater London's population declined steadily in the decades after the Second World War, from an estimated peak of 8.6 million in 1939 to around 6.8 million in the 1980s. The principal ports for London moved downstream to Felixstowe and Tilbury, with the London Docklands area becoming a focus for regeneration, including the Canary Wharf development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Beyond this is the vast London commuter belt. Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The average price for properties in Kensington and Chelsea is over £2 million with a similarly high outlay in most of central London. The East End is the area closest to the original Port of London, known for its high immigrant population, as well as for being one of the poorest areas in London. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The Monument in the City of London provides views of the surrounding area while commemorating the Great Fire of London, which originated nearby. Marble Arch and Wellington Arch, at the north and south ends of Park Lane, respectively, have royal connections, as do the Albert Memorial and Royal Albert Hall in Kensington. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London However, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration. However, London's continuous urban area extends beyond the borders of Greater London and was home to 9,787,426 people in 2011, while its wider metropolitan area has a population of between 12 and 14 million depending on the definition used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London However, London's continuous urban area extends beyond the borders of Greater London and was home to 9,787,426 people in 2011, while its wider metropolitan area has a population of between 12 and 14 million depending on the definition used. According to Eurostat, London is the most populous city and metropolitan area of the European Union and the second most populous in Europe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. The top 10 most visited attractions were: (with visits per venue) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London The largest parks in the central area of London are three of the eight Royal Parks, namely Hyde Park and its neighbour Kensington Gardens in the west, and Regent's Park to the north. Hyde Park in particular is popular for sports and sometimes hosts open-air concerts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) London Carved in Cotswold oolitic stone and rich in iconography it shows an exquisitely carved and outstandingly preserved eagle with a serpent in its beak. It was exhibited at the Museum of London in October 2013. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Aldgate Greco-Roman sculpture had a profound influence on Western art. With it, the Greco-Roman style established the possibility and potential of realism in art. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Classical sculpture The region that is now the city of Jackson was historically part of the large territory occupied by the Choctaw Nation. The Choctaw name for the locale was Chisha Foka. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Over time, many of the park squares have been developed rather than maintained as green space. The state legislature first met in Jackson on December 23, 1822. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson was connected by public road to Vicksburg and Clinton in 1826. Jackson was first connected by railroad to other cities in 1840. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The Union forces began their siege of Vicksburg soon after their victory at Champion Hill. Confederate forces began to reassemble in Jackson in preparation for an attempt to break through the Union lines surrounding Vicksburg and end the siege. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Confederate forces marched out of Jackson in early July 1863 to break the siege of Vicksburg. But, unknown to them, Vicksburg had already surrendered on July 4, 1863. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi General Ulysses S. Grant dispatched General Sherman to meet the Confederate forces heading west from Jackson. Upon learning that Vicksburg had already surrendered, the Confederates retreated into Jackson. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Because of the siege and following destruction, few antebellum structures have survived in Jackson. The Governor's Mansion, built in 1842, served as Sherman's headquarters and has been preserved. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Jackson's economic growth was further stimulated in the 1930s by the discovery of natural gas fields nearby. Speculators had begun searching for oil and natural gas in Jackson beginning in 1920. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Speculators had begun searching for oil and natural gas in Jackson beginning in 1920. The initial drilling attempts came up empty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The continued success of these ventures attracted further investment. By 1930, there were 14 derricks in the Jackson skyline. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Although the Freedom Riders had intended New Orleans as their final destination, Jackson was the farthest that any managed to travel. New participants kept joining the movement, as they intended to fill the jails in Jackson with their protest. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi In 2015, 11 percent of city of Jackson households lacked a car, which decreased to 7.6 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Jackson averaged 1.68 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The Jackson City Council must approve the mayor's proposal. Additionally, Mayor Yarber asked for help from both FEMA and the state Governor's office. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The portion of Jackson in Madison County is within the Madison County School District. There are state-operated K-12 public schools for special purposes; --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi Get on Up, a movie released in August 2014, had some scenes filmed in Jackson, and nearby Natchez. The movie is based on the life of James Brown. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Mississippi The Ballpark at Jackson is a 6,000-seat minor league baseball stadium in Jackson, Tennessee, United States. It opened in 1998. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Ballpark at Jackson Jackson is one of the birthplaces of the Republican Party. The first official meeting of the group that called itself "Republican" was held in Jackson on July 6, 1854. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Michigan Before Detroit began building cars on assembly lines in 1910, Jackson factories were making parts for cars and putting them together. By 1910, the auto industry had become Jackson's main industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Michigan As elastics were adopted in manufacturing and fashions changed, the corset industry quickly declined. The majority of the corset manufacturers in Jackson closed their doors by 1920. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Michigan Jackson and Lansing Railroad (JAIL) owns a line from Jackson to Lansing, Michigan. Norfolk Southern (NS) owns a yard in Jackson as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, Michigan Military historians regard Jackson as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history. His tactics are studied even today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Both of Jackson's parents were natives of Virginia. The family already had two young children and were living in Clarksburg, in what is now West Virginia, when Thomas was born. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Julia Jackson thus was widowed at 28 and was left with much debt and three young children (including the newborn). She sold the family's possessions to pay the debts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Virginia law forbade teaching a slave, free black or mulatto to read or write; nevertheless, Jackson secretly taught the slave, as he had promised. Once literate, the young slave fled to Canada via the Underground Railroad. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Once literate, the young slave fled to Canada via the Underground Railroad. In his later years at Jackson's Mill, Thomas served as a schoolteacher. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Though he spent a great deal of time preparing in depth for each class meeting, Jackson was unpopular as a teacher. His students called him "Tom Fool". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson He memorized his lectures and then recited them to the class; any student who came to ask for help was given the same explanation as before. And if a student asked for help a second time, Jackson viewed him as insubordinate and punished him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson And if a student asked for help a second time, Jackson viewed him as insubordinate and punished him. For his tests, Jackson typically had students simply recite memorized information that he had given them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson For his tests, Jackson typically had students simply recite memorized information that he had given them. The students mocked his apparently stern, religious nature and his eccentric traits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson The students mocked his apparently stern, religious nature and his eccentric traits. In 1856, a group of alumni attempted to have Jackson removed from his position. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson In 1856, a group of alumni attempted to have Jackson removed from his position. Jackson's peculiar personal traits contributed to his unpopularity as an educator. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's peculiar personal traits contributed to his unpopularity as an educator. With little sense of humor, he once tried to get a cadet dismissed from VMI for playing a prank on him. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson He addressed his students by name and they, in turn, referred to him affectionately as "Marse Major". Jackson owned six slaves in the late 1850s. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson purchased the only house he ever owned while in Lexington. Built in 1801, the brick town house at 8 East Washington Street was purchased by Jackson in 1859. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson has been described as the army's hammer, Longstreet its anvil. In the Northern Virginia Campaign of August 1862 this stereotype did not hold true. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson At Manassas Junction, Jackson was able to capture all of the supplies of the Union Army depot. Then he had his troops destroy all of it, for it was the main depot for the Union Army. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's previous coat was threadbare and colorless from exposure to the elements, its buttons removed by admiring ladies. Jackson asked his staff to thank Stuart, saying that although the coat was too handsome for him, he would cherish it as a souvenir. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson asked his staff to thank Stuart, saying that although the coat was too handsome for him, he would cherish it as a souvenir. His staff insisted that he wear it to dinner, which caused scores of soldiers to rush to see him in uncharacteristic garb. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson His staff insisted that he wear it to dinner, which caused scores of soldiers to rush to see him in uncharacteristic garb. Jackson was so embarrassed with the attention that he did not wear the new uniform for months. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson To the remarks made to him while the unconscious line of blue was pointed out, he did not reply once during the five minutes he was on the hill, and yet his lips were moving. From what I have read and heard of Jackson since that day, I know now what he was doing then. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Oh! "beware of rashness", General Hooker. Stonewall Jackson is praying in full view and in rear of your right flank! --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Stonewall Jackson is praying in full view and in rear of your right flank! While talking to the Great God of Battles, how could he hear what a poor cavalryman was saying. " --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Many of the Federal soldiers were captured without a shot fired, the rest were driven into a full rout. Jackson pursued relentlessly back toward the center of the Federal line until dusk. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Several other men in his staff were killed, in addition to many horses. Darkness and confusion prevented Jackson from getting immediate care. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson He was dropped from his stretcher while being evacuated because of incoming artillery rounds. Because of his injuries, Jackson's left arm had to be amputated by Dr. Hunter McGuire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson General "Stonewall" Jackson was badly wounded in the arm at the battles of Chancellorsville, and had his arm amputated. Jackson initially appeared to be healing, but he died from pneumonia on May 10, 1863. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Jackson's religion has often been discussed. His biographer, Robert Lewis Dabney, suggested that "It was the fear of God which made him so fearless of all else." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson According to Sears, "this fanatical religiosity had drawbacks. It warped Jackson's judgment of men, leading to poor appointments; it was said he preferred good Presbyterians to good soldiers." --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson He rode Little Sorrel throughout the war, and was riding him when he was shot at Chancellorsville. Little Sorrel died at age 36 and is buried near a statue of Jackson on the parade grounds of VMI. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Mary Anna Jackson wrote two books about her husband's life, including some of his letters. She never remarried, and was known as the "Widow of the Confederacy", living until 1915. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson He once told Dwight D. Eisenhower "I will be your Jackson." General Douglas MacArthur called Robert L. Eichelberger his Stonewall Jackson. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson A poem penned during the war soon became a popular song, "Stonewall Jackson's Way". The Stonewall Brigade Band is still active today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stonewall Jackson Its functions were devolved to the City Corporation and the London Boroughs, with some functions transferred to central government and joint boards. Greater London formed the London region in 1994. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Greater London is under the strategic local governance of the Greater London Authority (GLA). It consists of an elected assembly, the London Assembly, and an executive head, the Mayor of London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London It consists of an elected assembly, the London Assembly, and an executive head, the Mayor of London. The current Mayor (not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London) is Sadiq Khan. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London For elections to the London Assembly, London is divided into 14 constituencies, each formed from two or three boroughs. The City of London forms part of the City and East constituency. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London The Cities of London and Westminster within it have received formal city status. Despite this, Greater London is commonly regarded as a city in the general senses of a conurbation and a municipality. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Greater London is officially divided for some purposes, with varying definitions, into Inner London and Outer London. For some strategic planning purposes it is divided into five sub-regions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Figures here are for Greater London in its 2001 boundaries. Figures before 1971 have been reconstructed by the Office for National Statistics based on past censuses to fit the 2001 boundaries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London In these boroughs the state schools outperform the (relatively few) independent schools. In inner London, private schools always get the best results and are larger in number. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Overall at GCSE in 2009, Greater London had the best results for regions of England. Greater London is generally a prosperous region, and prosperous areas generally have good GCSE results. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London The City of London has no state schools, just two independent schools. Haringey and Kensington and Chelsea have the most people that pass no GCSEs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Although Kingston upon Thames gets the best GCSE results in England, at A-level it is not even above average. Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Sutton gets the best A-level results in London and in England. Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London Three of the schools in the top four at A-level in London are in Sutton. It has only one independent school. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London The University of London has 20 federated colleges and schools. The two main constituents of the University of London are (in order of total funding) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London The two main constituents of the University of London are (in order of total funding) University College London (UCL) and King's College London (KCL). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London University College London (UCL) and King's College London (KCL). Imperial College was part of the University of London until 2007, and is now an independent university. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Greater London .london is a top-level domain (TLD) for London, England. It was approved by ICANN as a city-level TLD on 7 June 2013. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) .london In 2006 the airport authority received a federal grant (Small Community Air Service Development) to recruit non-stop flight service to Newark, in the New York City area. Continental Airlines flights from Jackson to Newark began on September 25, 2007; the route ended in summer 2008. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson–Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport Typically modern bronze is 88% copper and 12% tin. Alpha bronze consists of the alpha solid solution of tin in copper. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Bronze sculpture In 2013, the Jackson House was deemed too damaged to be restored and faced likely demolition. In 2013, efforts were being made to save the historic Rooming House from demolition by the City of Tampa. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson Rooming House Another notable change is the burgeoning of artistic credit in sculpture. The entirety of information known about sculpture in the Archaic and Geometrical periods are centered upon the works themselves, and seldom, if ever, on the sculptors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Ancient Greek sculpture Once cooled off, the location where the pools joined are now one continuous piece of metal. Also used heavily in Oxy-fuel sculpture creation is forging. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Also used heavily in Oxy-fuel sculpture creation is forging. Forging is the process of heating metal to a certain point to soften it enough to be shaped into different forms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Wood is light, so suitable for masks and other sculpture intended to be carried, and can take very fine detail. It is also much easier to work than stone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Aniconism remained restricted to Judaism, which did not accept figurative sculpture until the 19th century, before expanding to Early Christianity, which initially accepted large sculptures. In Christianity and Buddhism, sculpture became very significant. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Traditional sculpture in Myanmar emerged before the Bagan period. As elsewhere in the region, most of the wood sculptures of the Bagan and Ava periods have been lost. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture The Nubian Kingdom of Kush in modern Sudan was in close and often hostile contact with Egypt, and produced monumental sculpture mostly derivative of styles to the north. In West Africa, the earliest known sculptures are from the Nok culture which thrived between 500 BCE and 500 CE in modern Nigeria, with clay figures typically with elongated bodies and angular shapes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Minimalist sculpture replaced the figure in public settings and architects almost completely stopped using sculpture in or on their designs. Modern sculptors (21st century) use both classical and abstract inspired designs. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture Collaborative projects with landscape designers, architects, and landscape architects expanded the outdoor site and contextual integration. Artists such as Isamu Noguchi, David Smith, Alexander Calder, Jean Tinguely, Richard Lippold, George Rickey, Louise Bourgeois, and Louise Nevelson came to characterize the look of modern sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern sculpture The day-to-day running of the corporation is left to the Commissioner of Transport for London. TfL eventually replaced London Regional Transport, and discontinued the use of the London Transport brand in favour of its own brand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground As of 2017, the Underground serves 270 stations. Sixteen Underground stations are outside London region, eight on the Metropolitan line and eight on the Central line. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground Lewisham used to be served by the East London line (stations at New Cross and New Cross Gate). The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground The line operates under traditional signalling and does not use Automatic Train Operation. The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Underground Braque's paper sculptures of 1911, for example, were intended to clarify and enrich his pictorial idiom. "This has meant" according to Curtis, "that we have tended to see sculpture through painting, and even to see painters as poaching sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture The mind now directed the optical exploration of the world. Painting and sculpture no longer merely recorded sensations generated through the eye; but resulted from the intelligence of both artist and observer. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture It resulted in a kind of colored bas-relief. Only in open planal form could this union of painting and sculpture be realized. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture Cubist sculpture, just as Cubist painting, is difficult to define. Cubism in general cannot definitively be called either a style, the art of a specific group or even a specific movement. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture According to Herbert Read, this has the effect of "revealing the structure" of the object, or of presenting fragments and facets of the object to be visually interpreted in different ways. Both of these effects transfer to sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture (Before World War I Expressionism encompassed several definitions and artistic concepts. Walden used the term to describe modern art movements including Futurism and Cubism).Archipenko's Woman with a Fan (1914) combines high-relief sculpture with painted colors (polychrome) to create striking illusions of volumetric space. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture Walden used the term to describe modern art movements including Futurism and Cubism).Archipenko's Woman with a Fan (1914) combines high-relief sculpture with painted colors (polychrome) to create striking illusions of volumetric space. Experimenting with the dynamic interplay of convex and concave surfaces, Archipenko created works such as Woman Combing her Hair (1915). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture The faces are rather blocky, the whole group with arms intertwined—arms that end suddenly, no hands, might be the sketch of a sculpture to be. But when one gets an insight it is intensely more interesting. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture He progressively turned toward Cubism in 1914 with periodic reference to Negro sculpture. His 1915 Baigneuse is comparable to figures from Gabun. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture Of this head and two other pieces of sculpture exhibited by Brâncuși in July, 1913, at the Allied Artists' Exhibition in London, Roger Fry said in The Nation, August 2: Constantin Brâncuși's sculptures have not, I think, been seen before in England. His three heads are the most remarkable works of sculpture at the Albert Hall. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture His three heads are the most remarkable works of sculpture at the Albert Hall. Two are in brass and one in stone. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Cubist sculpture Finishers of that original event are sometimes referred to as the A68 Club. The inaugural ride did not start in London, but in Doncaster, the home town of the organiser. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London–Edinburgh–London The inaugural ride did not start in London, but in Doncaster, the home town of the organiser. Riders headed first north to Edinburgh and back, then south to London and back. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London–Edinburgh–London In 1853, Jackson became the county seat of newly formed Amador County, California. Previously, from 1851 to 1852, it had been the county seat of Calaveras County. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, California At the 2010 census Jackson had a population of 4,651. The population density was 1,246.9 people per square mile (481.4/km2). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, California Jackson has only one high school, Argonaut High School. The school's namesake is the Argonaut Mine, located in town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson, California London most often denotes the sprawling London metropolis, or the 32 London boroughs, in addition to the City of London itself. This wider usage of London is documented as far back as 1888, when the County of London was created. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London It is also unusual in having responsibilities and ownerships beyond its boundaries. The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London (an office separate from, and much older than, the Mayor of London). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London (an office separate from, and much older than, the Mayor of London). The Lord Mayor, as of November 2019, is William Russell. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Although not within the City, the adjacent Tower of London is part of its old defensive perimeter. Bridges under the jurisdiction of the City include London Bridge and Blackfriars Bridge. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Alfred the Great, King of Wessex occupied and began the resettlement of the old Roman walled area, in 886, and appointed his son-in-law Earl Æthelred of Mercia over it as part of their reconquest of the Viking occupied parts of England. The refortified Anglo-Saxon settlement was known as Lundenburh ("London Fort", a borough). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Following the Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror marched on London, reaching as far as Southwark, but failed to get across London Bridge or to defeat the Londoners. He eventually crossed the River Thames at Wallingford, pillaging the land as he went. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The City was burnt severely on a number of occasions, the worst being in 1123 and in the Great Fire of London in 1666. Both of these fires were referred to as the Great Fire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Only electors who are Freemen of the City of London are eligible to stand. The number of commoners a ward sends to the Common Council varies from two to ten, depending on the number of electors in each ward. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London There is one London Fire Brigade station in the City, at Dowgate, with one pumping appliance. The City relies upon stations in the surrounding London boroughs to support it at some incidents. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London A few small sections of the Roman London Wall exist, for example near the Tower of London and in the Barbican area. Among the twentieth-century listed buildings are Bracken House, the first post World War II buildings in the country to be given statutory protection, and the whole of the Barbican and Golden Lane Estate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London The DLR links the City directly to the East End. Destinations include Canary Wharf business district and London City Airport ().The --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Swan Lane Pier, just upstream of London Bridge, is proposed to be replaced and upgraded for regular passenger services, planned to take place in 2012–2015. Before then, Tower Pier is to be extended. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) City of London Artists such as Isamu Noguchi, David Smith, Alexander Calder, Jean Tinguely, Richard Lippold, George Rickey, Louise Bourgeois, and Louise Nevelson came to characterize the look of modern sculpture. By the 1960s Abstract expressionism, Geometric abstraction and Minimalism, which reduces sculpture to its most essential and fundamental features, predominated. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern sculpture Modern sculpture is often created outdoors, as in environmental art and environmental sculpture, often in full view of spectators. Light sculpture and site-specific art also often make use of the environment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern sculpture Light sculpture and site-specific art also often make use of the environment. Site-specific artwork is intentionally created for a specific place. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Modern sculpture The abutments of modern London Bridge rest several metres above natural embankments of gravel, sand and clay. From the late Neolithic era the southern embankment formed a natural causeway above the surrounding swamp and marsh of the river's estuary; the northern ascended to higher ground at the present site of Cornhill. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Bridge While this work was underway, a temporary wooden bridge was constructed to the west of London Bridge. It opened in October 1757 but caught fire and collapsed in the following April. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Bridge As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 539,057. According to 2018 estimates, the metro area's population has increased to 580,166. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi It is one of the county seats of Hinds County (Raymond being the other). As of the 2010 census Jackson's population was 173,514. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi As of the 2010 census Jackson's population was 173,514. 2016 estimates show a slight decrease to 169,148. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Today there are few antebellum structures left standing in Jackson. One surviving structure is the Governor's Mansion, built in 1842, which served as Sherman's headquarters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Many different denominations are represented in Jackson. Jackson is the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Jackson and of the Episcopal Diocese of Mississippi. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is roughly halfway between Dallas, and Atlanta. The highway is six lanes from Interstate 220 to MS 468 in Pearl. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Jackson is served by the Canadian National Railway (formerly the Illinois Central Railroad). The Kansas City Southern Railway also serves the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Jackson metropolitan area, Mississippi Other centres emerged during the period, especially at Sarnath. Both Mathura and Sarnath exported sculpture to other parts of northern India. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent The temples have a rich display of intricately carved sculptures. While they are famous for their erotic sculptures, sexual themes cover less than a tenth of the temple sculpture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent These were heavily decorated with stone relief sculpture, both large narrative panels and single figures, mostly in niches on the outside. The Pallava style was broadly continued. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent London's universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe, and London is home to highly ranked institutions such as Imperial College London in natural and applied sciences, the London School of Economics in social sciences, as well as the comprehensive University College London. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted three modern Summer Olympic Games. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Peter Schrijver has specifically suggested, on these grounds, that the name originally meant 'place that floods (periodically, tidally)'. Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to the City of London, but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was specifically aimed at weakening Dutch economic power. London then overtook Amsterdam as the leading international financial centre. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London In 1965 London's political boundaries were expanded to take into account the growth of the urban area and a new Greater London Council was created. During The Troubles in Northern Ireland, London was subjected to bombing attacks by the Provisional Irish Republican Army for two decades, starting with the Old Bailey bombing in 1973. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The ministerial post of minister for London was created in 1994. The current Minister for London is Paul Scully MP. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London. Crime figures are made available nationally at Local Authority and Ward level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London There were 50 murders from the start of 2018 to mid April 2018. Funding cuts to police in London are likely to have contributed to this, though other factors are also involved. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The city is split by the River Thames into North and South, with an informal central London area in its interior. The coordinates of the nominal centre of London, traditionally considered to be the original Eleanor Cross at Charing Cross near the junction of Trafalgar Square and Whitehall, are about 51°30′26″N 00°07′39″W. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Since the Victorian era the Thames has been extensively embanked, and many of its London tributaries now flow underground. The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London London has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb ). Rainfall records have been kept in the city since at least 1697, when records began at Kew. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London John Camden Hotten, in his Slang Dictionary of 1859, makes reference to "their use of a peculiar slang language" when describing the costermongers of the East End. Since the turn of the century the Cockney dialect is less common in parts of the East End itself, with modern strongholds including other parts of London and suburbs in the home counties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the city. Many national newspapers are edited in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London As of 2016 London was the world top city destination as ranked by TripAdvisor users. In 2015 the top most-visited attractions in the UK were all in London. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London Cycling has become an increasingly popular way to get around London. The launch of a bicycle hire scheme in July 2010 was successful and generally well received. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London With a few exceptions, motorists are required to pay to drive within a defined zone encompassing much of central London. Motorists who are residents of the defined zone can buy a greatly reduced season pass. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London London's theatre district is here, as are many cinemas, bars, clubs, and restaurants, including the city's Chinatown district (in Soho), and just to the east is Covent Garden, an area housing speciality shops. The city is the home of Andrew Lloyd Webber, whose musicals have dominated the West End theatre since the late 20th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London A 2013 report by the City of London Corporation said that London is the "greenest city" in Europe with 35,000 acres of public parks, woodlands and gardens. The largest parks in the central area of London are three of the eight Royal Parks, namely Hyde Park and its neighbour Kensington Gardens in the west, and Regent's Park to the north. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) London
16636.	Q: What colored curtains were used to decorate the United States Industrial Arts Exhibition at the 1900 Paris Exposition? Title = Paris Exposition United States Pavilion, Industrial Arts Exhibit, Paris, France, 1900 Description = A: purple and gold Relevant Wikipedia Pages: List of world's fairs, Paris in the Belle Époque, The Philosophy of Furniture, Art Nouveau in Paris, Ultraviolet, Polyvinyl chloride, Ray J, Great Exhibition, Art Deco in Paris, Visual art of the United States, Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series), Colonial exhibition, Exposition Universelle (1900), Goat, Exposition Universelle (1855), Paris Exposition, International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts, Culture of the United States, Industrial arts, United States, Plastic, Centennial Exposition, The Mysterious Benedict Society and the Prisoner's Dilemma, 1900 Summer Olympics, Exposition Universelle (1889), Tulsa race massacre, Arts and Crafts movement, 49 Days, Kander and Ebb Toggle details	– Birmingham, United Kingdom – Exhibition of Industrial Arts and Manufacturers --- (0.31, 0.0, 0.31) List of world's fairs – Richmond, United States – Negro Historical and Industrial Exposition (1915) --- (0.29, 0.0, 0.29) List of world's fairs New York City, United States – Irish Industrial Exposition (1905) --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) List of world's fairs It took its name from the International Exposition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925. --- (0.27, 0.0, 0.27) Art Deco in Paris 1900 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1900) – --- (0.25, 0.0, 0.25) List of world's fairs Boston, United States – The American Exhibition of the Products, Arts and Manufactures of Foreign Nations --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) List of world's fairs San Francisco, United States – Panama–Pacific International Exposition Palace of Fine Arts --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) List of world's fairs New York City, United States – Bronx International Exposition of Science, Arts and Industries --- (0.24, 0.0, 0.24) List of world's fairs Paris, France – French Industrial Exposition of 1834 --- (0.23, 0.0, 0.23) List of world's fairs Chicago, United States – World's Columbian Exposition – Palace of Fine Arts and the World's Congress Auxiliary Building --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) List of world's fairs 1844 – Paris, France – French Industrial (Tenth) Exposition of 1844 --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs – Dublin, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs Buffalo, United States – International Industrial Fair (1889) --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs – Atlanta, United States – Cotton States and International Exposition (1895) (Atlanta Exposition) --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs Nashville, United States – Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs Portland, United States – Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs – Chicago, United States – Lincoln Jubilee and Exposition (1915) --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs 1962 – Seattle, United States – Century 21 Exposition – --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs 1853 – Dublin, United Kingdom – Great Industrial Exhibition (1853) --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs 1902 – Wolverhampton, United Kingdom – Wolverhampton Art and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) List of world's fairs The International Exposition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts (1925) = --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Art Deco in Paris The series was a documentary record of the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris. --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Sesquicentennial Exposition, the 150th anniversary of the United States (1926) --- (0.21, 0.0, 0.21) Centennial Exposition – Dublin, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1874) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs 1892 – Washington, DC, United States – Exposition of the Three Americas (1892) (never held) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs 1896 – Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom – Cardiff Fine Arts, Industrial, and --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs Adelaide, South Australia – Century Exhibition of Arts and Industries (1900) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs 1900 - Christchurch, New Zealand - Canterbury Jubilee Industrial Exhibition --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs – Chicago, United States – World's Pure Food Exposition (1907) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs New York City, United States – French Exposition (1924) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs Long Beach, United States – Pacific Southwest Exposition (1928) --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs 1933–1934 – Chicago, United States – Century of Progress International Exposition --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) List of world's fairs The Exposition coincided with the 1900 Paris Olympics, the first Olympic games held outside of Greece. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Paris in the Belle Époque The glassware from Nancy was one of the major features at the 1900 Paris Exposition. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Art Nouveau in Paris New York City, United States – Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs San Francisco, United States – California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs New York City, United States – United States, Colonial and International Exposition (1902) (never held) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs 1902 – Toledo, Ohio, United States – Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition (1902) – (never held) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs New York City, United States – International Mining Exposition (1908) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs 1911 – New York City, United States – International Mercantile Exposition (1911) --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs 1925 – Paris, France – Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) List of world's fairs The International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925, was the largest and most important exhibition of art Deco, and later gave its name to the style. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Art Deco in Paris Many international congresses and other events were held in Paris in 1900 within the framework of the Exposition. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) Exposition Universelle (1900) The International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts (French: Exposition internationale des Arts décoratifs et industriels modernes) was a World's fair held in Paris, France, from April to October 1925. --- (0.19, 0.0, 0.19) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts 1937 – Dallas, United States – Greater Texas & Pan-American Exposition --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) List of world's fairs 1982 – Knoxville, Tennessee, United States – 1982 World's Fair (International Energy Exposition) – --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) List of world's fairs American Samoa was acquired by the United States in 1900 after the end of the Second Samoan Civil War. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) United States The formal name of the exposition was the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, but the official theme was the celebration of the United States centennial. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Centennial Exposition In the United States, the Arts and Crafts style initiated a variety of attempts to reinterpret European Arts and Crafts ideals for Americans. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Arts and Crafts movement New York City, United States – World's Fair Prize Winners' Exposition (1893) --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of world's fairs 1904 – St. Louis, United States – Louisiana Purchase Exposition (also called Louisiana Purchase International Exposition and Olympic Games ): --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of world's fairs Los Angeles, United States – American Historical Review and Motion Picture Exposition (1923) --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of world's fairs 1974 – Spokane, United States – Expo '74 (International Exposition on the Environment) – Riverfront Park --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) List of world's fairs It took its name from the International Exposition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925. It was characterized by bold geometric forms, bright colors, and highly stylized decoration, and symbolized modernity and luxury. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Art Deco in Paris Paris Exhibition, 1900 (French: Vues spéciales de l'Exposition de 1900) was a series of seventeen short French silent actuality films made in 1900 by Georges Méliès. The series was a documentary record of the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) The organizers of the Exposition were not miserly in recognizing the 83,047 exhibitors of products, about half of whom came from France, and 7,161 from the United States. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Exposition Universelle of 1855 was an International Exhibition held on the Champs-Élysées in Paris from 15 May to 15 November 1855. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Exposition Universelle (1855) The site chosen for the Exposition was the center of Paris, around the Grand Palais, the enormous glass and iron pavilion which had been built for the 1900 Paris Exposition. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The United States, not entirely understanding the purpose of the exhibit, chose not to participate. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The organizers of the Exposition were horrified by the appearance of the building, and tried to hide it by building a fence. However, Le Corbusier appealed to the Ministry of Fine Arts, which sponsored the Exhibition, and the fence was removed. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Education in the United States is and has historically been provided mainly by the government. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Culture of the United States Industrial Arts is commonly referred to as Technology Education. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Industrial arts It described a collection of states—e.g., "the United States are. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) United States A citizen of the United States is an "American". " --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) United States 1937 – Paris, France – Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (1937) --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) List of world's fairs 1901 – Charleston, United States – South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) List of world's fairs The first Vélodrome d'hiver cycling stadium opens in the former Galerie des Machines of the 1900 Paris Exposition. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Paris in the Belle Époque The 1900 Paris Exposition was so expensive to organize and run that the cost per visitor ended up being about six hundred francs more than the price of admission. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Exposition Universelle (1900) Its full official title was the Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts de Paris 1855. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Exposition Universelle (1855) The Exposition Universelle of 1855 was an International Exhibition held on the Champs-Élysées in Paris from 15 May to 15 November 1855. Its full official title was the Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts de Paris 1855. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) Exposition Universelle (1855) However, Le Corbusier appealed to the Ministry of Fine Arts, which sponsored the Exhibition, and the fence was removed. Within the pavilion building Le Corbusier exhibited his Plan Voisin for Paris. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Between May and October 1900, the new organizing committee held an enormous number of sporting activities alongside the Paris Exposition. --- (0.16, 0.0, 0.16) 1900 Summer Olympics 1801 – Paris, France – Second Exposition (1801). --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of world's fairs Geelong, Victoria - Geelong Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of world's fairs Paris, France – International Exposition of Electricity, Paris --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of world's fairs 1889 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1889) – --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of world's fairs 1899 – Omaha, Nebraska, United States – --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) List of world's fairs The Art Deco movement of architecture and design appeared in Paris in about 1910–12, and continued until the beginning of World War II in 1939. It took its name from the International Exposition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Art Deco in Paris Paris Exhibition, 1900 (French: Vues spéciales de l'Exposition de 1900) was a series of seventeen short French silent actuality films made in 1900 by Georges Méliès. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) He commissioned the first Paris Universal Exposition of 1855. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Exposition Universelle (1900) Planning for the 1900 Exposition began in 1892, under President Carnot. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Exposition accomplished its goal, to show that Paris still reigned supreme in the arts of design. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The United States has few laws governing given names. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Culture of the United States Fashion in the United States is eclectic and predominantly informal. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Culture of the United States Homecoming is an annual tradition of the United States. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Culture of the United States The most popular Industrial Arts elective is Industrial Technology. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Industrial arts The short form "United States" is also standard. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) United States The United States has an established structure of foreign relations. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) United States Taxation in the United States is based on citizenship, not residency. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) United States It symbolized the technology that was transforming the United States into an industrial powerhouse. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Centennial Exposition The 1900 Games were held as part of the 1900 Exposition Universelle. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) 1900 Summer Olympics It was later used again at the Exposition Universelle of 1900 and then destroyed in 1910. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Supreme Court of the United States declined to hear the appeal. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Tulsa race massacre 1829 – New York City, United States – --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs Kyoto, Japan – Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1872) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs Hobart, Tasmania - Tasmanian Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs 1909 – New York City, United States – --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs 1914 – Nottingham, United Kingdom – Universal Exhibition (1914) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs Paris, France – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs 1901 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Glasgow International Exhibition (1901) --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) List of world's fairs The second games, the first Olympics held outside of Greece, were the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, from 14 May until 28 October 1900, organized in conjunction with the Paris Universal Exposition of 1900. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Paris in the Belle Époque At the Universal Exposition of 1900, an entire building was devoted to fashion designers. The first fashion show with models had taken place in London in 1908; the idea was quickly copied in Paris. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Paris in the Belle Époque The Exposition coincided with the 1900 Paris Olympics, the first Olympic games held outside of Greece. The Exposition popularized a new artistic style, the Art nouveau, to the world. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Paris in the Belle Époque The Paris Universal Exposition of 1900 marked the summit of Art Nouveau in Paris, bringing together many of the artists and designers who pioneered the style, and making the style known to the forty-eight million visitors to the Exposition. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Art Nouveau in Paris The domain of Art Deco glass art in Paris was dominated by René Lalique, who had first made his reputation at the 1900 Paris Exposition, when he was the first jeweler use glass in jewelry. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Art Deco in Paris The site chosen for the Exposition was the center of Paris, around the Grand Palais, the enormous glass and iron pavilion which had been built for the 1900 Paris Exposition. The principal architect was Charles Plumet. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Colonists from the United States formed the now-independent country of Liberia. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Culture of the United States Painting in the United States today covers a vast range of styles. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Culture of the United States Television is a major mass media of the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Culture of the United States This relationship has historically been the most important one since the founding of the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Culture of the United States Industrial Arts syllabi are managed, like all NSW syllabi by the Board of Studies. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Industrial arts The United States is a highly developed country, and continuously ranks high in measures of socioeconomic performance. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States The phrase "United States" was originally plural in American usage. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States English (specifically, American English) is the de facto national language of the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States The United States has the world's largest Christian population. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States The states and the District of Columbia choose the president of the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States The United States is one of the few countries in the world to do so. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States Eight Olympic Games have taken place in the United States. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) United States After the Exposition, the structure was turned into a permanent building for the International Exhibition. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Centennial Exposition Between May and October 1900, the new organizing committee held an enormous number of sporting activities alongside the Paris Exposition. The sporting events rarely used the term of "Olympic". --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) 1900 Summer Olympics List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Tulsa race massacre Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne Exhibition (in conjunction with Exposition Universelle (1855)) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Copenhagen, Denmark – Second Scandinavian Exhibition of Arts and Industry --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs – Ballarat, Victoria – Australian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1878) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Melbourne, Victoria – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1879) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – First International Forestry Exhibition --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1886 – London, United Kingdom – Colonial and Indian Exhibition (1886) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Geelong, Victoria – Geelong Jubilee Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition (1887) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1888) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs – London, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Mining and Metallurgy --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1895 - Christchurch, New Zealand - Art and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1896 – Malmö, Sweden – Nordic Industrial and Handicraft Exhibition --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1909 – San Francisco, United States – Portolá Festival (1909) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Semarang, Dutch East Indies – Colonial Exhibition of Semarang (Colonial Exposition) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Wellington, New Zealand - British Commercial and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Miami, United States – Pan American Fair (1937) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1938 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Empire Exhibition, Scotland 1938 --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs Los Angeles, United States – Pacific Mercado (1940) (never held) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1942 – Los Angeles, United States – Cabrillo Fair (1942) (never held) --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1968 – San Antonio, United States – HemisFair '68 --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1897 – Stockholm, Sweden – General Art and Industrial Exposition of Stockholm --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs 1898 – Auckland, New Zealand – Auckland Industrial and Mining Exhibition --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) List of world's fairs At the Universal Exposition of 1900, an entire building was devoted to fashion designers. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Paris in the Belle Époque Rodin's work was exhibited near the 1900 Exposition, which won him many foreign clients. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Paris in the Belle Époque Examples of his work can be found at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Art Nouveau in Paris The Paris Colonial Exposition, held for six months in 1931 in the Bois de Vincennes, was designed as a showcase of France's overseas colonies, their products and their culture, and was also a showcase of Art Deco. The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States all had pavilions. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Art Deco in Paris Art in the United States today covers a huge range of styles. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Visual art of the United States However, Le Corbusier appealed to the Ministry of Fine Arts, which sponsored the Exhibition, and the fence was removed. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts American Sign Language, used mainly by the deaf, is also native to the United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Architecture in the United States is regionally diverse and has been shaped by many external forces. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States As a whole, the television networks of the United States is the largest and most syndicated in the world. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Economic variance and substantive segregation, is commonplace in the United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Slavery existed in the United States at the time of the country's formation in the 1770s. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Cremation is another common practice in the United States, though it is frowned upon by various religions. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Put together, the United States constitutes roughly 43 percent of the world's military expenditures. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States In fact, there are more privately owned firearms in the United States than in any other country, both per capita and in total. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Culture of the United States Professional Association for Industrial Arts in New South Wales == --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Industrial arts The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States United States", "American" and "U.S." refer to the country adjectivally ("American values", "U.S. forces"). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States In English, the word "American" rarely refers to topics or subjects not directly connected with the United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States The United States is ranked 24th among nations in the Environmental Performance Index. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States The bill and its ultimate effect are still issues of controversy in the United States. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States The United States has operated under a two-party system for most of its history. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States Colombia is traditionally considered by the United States as its most loyal ally in South America. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) United States Arthur Newton of the United States finished fifth but stated he had not been passed by any other runner during the race. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) 1900 Summer Olympics The Exposition included a building by the Paris architect Pierre-Henri Picq. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Exhibition included a building by the Paris architect Pierre-Henri Picq. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Exposition Universelle (1889) 1849 – London, United Kingdom – First Exhibition of British Manufacturers (1849) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1872 – London, United Kingdom – Second Annual International Exhibition (1872) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1873 – London, United Kingdom – Third Annual International Exhibition (1873) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Tokyo, Japan – First National Industrial Exhibition (1877) (Ueno Park) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Sydney, New South Wales - Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1883 – New York City, United States – World's Fair --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1884 – Cape Town, Cape Colony - South African Industrial Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs – Liverpool, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Navigation, Commerce and Industry (1886) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Newcastle, United Kingdom – Royal Mining Engineering Jubilee Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Science, Art & Industry --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Adelaide, South Australia - Industrial Exhibition of South Australian Industries, Products and Manufactures --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Dunedin, New Zealand – Otago Jubilee Industrial Exhibition (1898) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs San Francisco, United States – California's Golden Jubilee (1898) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1899 – Coolgardie, Western Australia – Western Australian International Mining and Industrial Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Glasgow, United Kingdom – Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Los Angeles, United States – California Liberty Fair (1918) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom – North East Coast Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1953 – St Louis, United States – intended to commemorate the Louisiana Purchase's sesquicentennial, but never held --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1984 – New Orleans, United States – 1984 Louisiana World Exposition [a.k.a., 1984 World's Fair] (Theme: "Fresh Water As A Source of Life") --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1871 – London, United Kingdom – First Annual International Exhibition (1871) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1874 – London, United Kingdom – Fourth Annual International Exhibition (1874) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1881 – London, United Kingdom – International Medical and Sanitary Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1883 – New York City, United States – World's Fair (1883) (never held) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1884 – South Kensington, United Kingdom – International Health and Education Exhibition --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1888-1889 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1888) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1914 – Nottingham, United Kingdom – Universal Exhibition (1914) (work begun on site 1913 but never held) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1925 – San Francisco, United States – California's Diamond Jubilee (1925) --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs 1968 – San Antonio, United States – HemisFair '68 – Tower of the Americas --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) List of world's fairs The Universal Exposition of 1900 took place from 15 April until 12 November 1900. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque A new type of restaurant, the Brasserie, appeared in Paris during the 1867 Universal Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque Born in Paris into a working-class family, he was rejected for entry into the École des Beaux-Arts and rejected by the Paris Salon. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque The first two automobile taxis entered service in 1898, at a time when there were just 1,309 automobiles in Paris. The number remained very small at first; there were just eighteen in service during the Exposition of 1900, only eight in 1904, and 39 in 1905. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque The number remained very small at first; there were just eighteen in service during the Exposition of 1900, only eight in 1904, and 39 in 1905. However, by the end of 1905, the automobile taxi began to take off; there were 417 on the streets of Paris in 1906, and 1,465 at the end of 1907. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque Inside the exhibit hall, Rudolph Diesel demonstrated his new engine, and one of the first escalators was on display. The Exposition coincided with the 1900 Paris Olympics, the first Olympic games held outside of Greece. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque Rodin's work was exhibited near the 1900 Exposition, which won him many foreign clients. In 1908, he moved from Meudon to Paris, renting the ground floor of a private mansion in the 7th arrondissement, the Hôtel Biron, now the Musée Rodin. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris in the Belle Époque The Art Nouveau movement of architecture and design flourished in Paris from about 1895 to 1914, reaching its high point at the 1900 Paris International Exposition. with the Art Nouveau metro stations designed by Hector Guimard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris The Paris Métro, completed shortly after the Exposition opened, featured the Art Nouveau edicules designed for the stations by Hector Guimard. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris Art Nouveau glassware preceded Art Nouveau in other media; floral vases and cups by the Daum Studio were displayed as early as the 1889 Paris Exposition. The glassware from Nancy was one of the major features at the 1900 Paris Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris The glassware from Nancy was one of the major features at the 1900 Paris Exposition. It predominantly featured the same motifs as the furniture and other media; flowing lines and floral designs, with rich colors. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris The ceramics manufacturer Alexandre Bigot was a major figure in Paris ceramics. His pavilion at the Exposition Universelle (1900) was entirely covered in ceramic sculpture on classical and Art Nouveau themes, including bicycles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris His work was featured at the Exposition Universelle de Paris, and in 1901 he was named a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur for his contribution to the decorative arts. Examples of his work can be found at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Nouveau in Paris The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States all had pavilions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Deco in Paris The major design event of the period in Paris was the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne, overlooking the Eiffel Tower. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Deco in Paris A highly unusual Art Deco screen is Oasis, made of iron and copper by engineer and metal worker Edgar Brandt for display at the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Deco in Paris Reproduced in the United States, the French fashion illustrations created a great demand for the new French styles. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Art Deco in Paris Visual art of the United States or American art is visual art made in the United States or by U.S. artists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Visual art of the United States In addition to the Paris Exposition, 1900 series proper, Méliès also sold two films, filmed on the River Seine in 1899, showing pre-opening work progressing on Exposition buildings on both sides of the river. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Méliès traveled at least twice to the Paris Exposition for his shots, filming architectural views early in the exposition year and shots of the ongoing exposition later on. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) The Exposition Universelle of 1900, better known in English as the 1900 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 14 April to 12 November 1900, to celebrate the achievements of the past century and to accelerate development into the next. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Exposition Universelle (1900) Below the statue was a sculptural prow of a boat, the symbol of Paris, and friezes depicting the workers who built the Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Exposition Universelle (1900) It was followed by another in 1867, and, after the Emperor's downfall in 1870, another in 1878, celebrating national unity after the defeat of the Paris Commune, and then in 1889, celebrating the centennial of the French Revolution. Planning for the 1900 Exposition began in 1892, under President Carnot. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Exposition Universelle (1900) The 1900 Paris Exposition was so expensive to organize and run that the cost per visitor ended up being about six hundred francs more than the price of admission. The exhibition lost a grand total of 82,000 francs after six months in operation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Exposition Universelle (1900) The United States declined to participate; the U.S. Secretary of Commerce, Herbert Hoover, explained that there was no modern art in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Many of the exhibits were shown inside the Grand Palais, the enormous hall which had been built for the 1900 International Exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The United States has traditionally been thought of as a melting pot, with immigrants contributing to but eventually assimilating with mainstream American culture. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States According to the 2000 census, there are nearly 30 million native speakers of Spanish in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Different regions of the United States have their own cuisine and styles of cooking. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Family arrangements in the United States reflect the nature of contemporary American society, as they always have. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Between 1882 and 1943 the United States instituted the Chinese Exclusion Act barring all Chinese immigrants from entering the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States 46.9% of homicide victims in the United States are African-American. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Currently, most African-Americans are descendants of African slaves imported to the United States, though some are more recent immigrants or their descendants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Slavery was rendered illegal by the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States From the time of its inception, the military played a decisive role in the history of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Culture of the United States Industrial Arts (IA) is an important part of the (NSW) high school curriculum. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Industrial arts In some schools Design and Technology may not be delivered by the Industrial Arts faculty, in some schools the Home Economics faculty may run the Design and Technology course. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Industrial arts The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States By value, the United States is the world's largest importer and the second-largest exporter of goods. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Although Japan attacked the United States first, the U.S. nonetheless pursued a "Europe first" defense policy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted, and how the total size of the United States is measured. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States, with its large size and geographic variety, includes most climate types. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States is the third most populous nation in the world, after China and India. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States In 2020 the median age of the United States population was 38.5 years. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States More than 37 million spoke Spanish at home, making it the second most commonly used language in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Protestantism is the largest Christian religious grouping in the United States, accounting for almost half of all Americans. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States By contrast, religion plays the least important role in New England and in the Western United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Nonetheless, the United States remains the only developed nation without a system of universal health care. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United Nations assigns the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying it for 12th in the world. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States has many private and public institutions of higher education. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The Supreme Court, led by the chief justice of the United States, has nine members, who serve for life. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The District of Columbia is a federal district that contains the capital of the United States, the city of Washington. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States In the 117th United States Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are narrowly controlled by the Democratic Party. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Taxation in the United States is progressive, and is levied at the federal, state, and local government levels. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States possesses the second-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, behind Russia. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States More than 40% of the world's 14,000 nuclear weapons are held by the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States has the highest documented incarceration rate and largest prison population in the world. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States While its economy has reached a postindustrial level of development, the United States remains an industrial power. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States leads the world in scientific research papers and impact factor. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States has the longest rail network in the world, nearly all standard gauge. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States energy market is about 29,000 terawatt hours per year. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Popular literary genres such as the Western and hardboiled crime fiction developed in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States More than 800 publications are produced in Spanish, the second most commonly used language in the United States behind English. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The phrase "United States" was originally plural in American usage. It described a collection of states—e.g., "the United States are. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States A citizen of the United States is an "American". " United States", "American" and "U.S." refer to the country adjectivally ("American values", "U.S. forces"). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines were ceded by Spain in the same year, following the Spanish–American War. American Samoa was acquired by the United States in 1900 after the end of the Second Samoan Civil War. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The United States is ranked 24th among nations in the Environmental Performance Index. The country joined the Paris Agreement on climate change in 2016 and has many other environmental commitments. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) United States The Centennial Commission's commissioners included one representative from each state and territory in the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition Exhibits from the United States were placed in the center of the building, and foreign exhibits were arranged around the center, based on the nation's distance from the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition The United States of America alone took up two-thirds of the exhibit space in the building. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition At the same time, the exposition was designed to show the world the United States' industrial and innovative prowess. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition The level of exports increased, the level of imports decreased, and the trade balance grew in favor of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition Exhibits from the United States were placed in the center of the building, and foreign exhibits were arranged around the center, based on the nation's distance from the United States. Exhibits inside the Main Exhibition Building dealt with mining, metallurgy, manufacturing, education, and science. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition After the Exposition, the building continued to be used for horticultural exhibits until it was severely damaged by Hurricane Hazel in 1954 and was subsequently demolished. As a replacement, the Fairmount Park Horticulture Center was built on the site in 1976 as part of the United States Bicentennial exposition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition Although not financially successful for investors, the Centennial Exposition impressed foreigners with the industrial and commercial growth of the country. The level of exports increased, the level of imports decreased, and the trade balance grew in favor of the United States. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Centennial Exposition United States dominance in sprinting was matched in the longer track races by United Kingdom. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1900 Summer Olympics They were left as the only participating teams; the United States had entered but were forced to scratch as three of their team were involved in the final of the hammer. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) 1900 Summer Olympics For that reason, the court did not rule on the issues. The Supreme Court of the United States declined to hear the appeal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tulsa race massacre Few of the founders of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society insisted that the designer should also be the maker. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Arts and Crafts movement "The Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society held eleven exhibitions between 1888 and 1916. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Arts and Crafts movement Munich, Bavaria – General German Industrial Exhibition (Allgemeine deutsche Industrie-Ausstellung) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of world's fairs 1857 – Manchester, United Kingdom – Art Treasures Exhibition at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Stretford --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of world's fairs 1865 – Batavia (Jakarta), Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) – Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of world's fairs 1921 – London, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Rubber and Other Tropical Products (1921) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of world's fairs 1914 – Baltimore, United States – National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Celebration --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) List of world's fairs The number remained very small at first; there were just eighteen in service during the Exposition of 1900, only eight in 1904, and 39 in 1905. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Paris in the Belle Époque Constantin Brâncuși (1876-1957) moved from Bucharest to Munich to Paris, where he was admitted, in 1905, to the École des Beaux-Arts. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Paris in the Belle Époque The second games, the first Olympics held outside of Greece, were the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, from 14 May until 28 October 1900, organized in conjunction with the Paris Universal Exposition of 1900. There were 19 sports included in the event, and women competed in the Olympics for the first time. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Paris in the Belle Époque As a result, Poe says, "there could be nothing more directly offensive to the eye of an artist than the interior of what is termed the United States... a well-furnished apartment." --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) The Philosophy of Furniture Only two of the original edicules from 1900 are still in use; one is Abbesses (Paris Métro) station. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Art Nouveau in Paris His pavilion at the Exposition Universelle (1900) was entirely covered in ceramic sculpture on classical and Art Nouveau themes, including bicycles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Art Nouveau in Paris The Pavilion was demolished at the end of the Exposition, but many of the decorations were preserved. His ceramics also lavishly covered the facades of the Paris houses designed by Jules Lavirotte. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Art Nouveau in Paris uPVC is extensively used in the building industry as a low-maintenance material, particularly in Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Polyvinyl chloride As the founder of Raytroniks, Ray J introduced a line of consumer electronics to the United States market. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Ray J The buffet pictured in the gallery below (1920–1921), now in the Musée des Arts Decoratifs in Paris, is made of Mahogany, gilded bronze, and marble. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Art Deco in Paris The Méliès scholar John Frazer reported in 1979 that the Paris Exposition, 1900 series survived in a private collection, but a 2008 Méliès filmography prepared by Jacques Malthête labels all seventeen films, as well as the two earlier films showing work in progress, to be presumed lost. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Though many of the buildings were not finished, the Exposition Was opened on April 14, 1900 by President Émile Loubet. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Porte Monumentale de Paris, located on the Place de la Concorde, was the main entrance of the Exposition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Agriculture pavilion was inside the former Palace of Machines, an enormous iron-framed building from the 1889 Paris Exposition. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) The architecture of the Exposition was largely of the Belle Epoque style and Beaux-Arts style, or of eclectic national styles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) La Porte Monumental Paris is considered to be a structure of the Salammbô style and 'the most typically 1900 monument of the entire exhibition'. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) The French Emperor Napoleon III attended and was deeply impressed. He commissioned the first Paris Universal Exposition of 1855. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) He commissioned the first Paris Universal Exposition of 1855. Its purpose was to promote French commerce, technology and culture. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) President Carnot died shortly before it was completed. Though many of the buildings were not finished, the Exposition Was opened on April 14, 1900 by President Émile Loubet. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Exposition Universelle (1900) One of the most popular goats grown for meat is the South African Boer, introduced into the United States in the early 1990s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Goat It was first scheduled for 1922, then postponed because of a shortage of construction materials to 1924 and then 1925, twenty-five years after the great Paris Exposition of 1900.The program for the Exhibition made it clear that it was intended to be a celebration of modernism, not of historical styles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The European roots of the United States originate with the English settlers of colonial America during British rule. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Although the United States has no official language at the federal level, 28 states have passed legislation making English the official language, and it is considered to be the de facto national language. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Most of the new technological innovations over the 20th and 21st centuries were either first invented in the United States, first widely adopted by Americans, or both. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Post-secondary education, better known as "college" in the United States, is generally governed separately from the elementary and high school system. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States The United States observes holidays derived from events in American history, Christian traditions, and national patriarchs. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States This freedom, along with the cultural diversity within the United States has given rise to a wide variety of names and naming trends. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States American football, known in the United States as simply "football," now attracts more television viewers than any other sport and is considered to be the most popular sport in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Lacrosse is a team sport of American and Canadian Native American origin and is the fastest growing sport in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States The United States enjoys a great deal of success both in the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics, constantly finishing among the top medal winners. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States New York City is the only locality in the United States where more than half of all households do not own a car. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States In the United States occupation is one of the prime factors of social class and is closely linked to an individual's identity. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution—ratified on December 6, 1865—abolished slavery in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Due to exclusion from or marginalization by earlier mainstream society, there emerged a unique subculture among the racial minorities in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Today, Catholics are the largest religious denomination in the United States and outnumber Protestants in the Southwest and California. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States As of 2011, the United States spends about $550 billion annually to fund its military forces, and appropriates approximately $160 billion to fund Overseas Contingency Operations. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Considerable freedom to possess firearms is often considered by the people and the government to be guaranteed by the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Education in the United States is and has historically been provided mainly by the government. Control and funding come from three levels: federal, state, and local. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Slavery existed in the United States at the time of the country's formation in the 1770s. The U.S. banned the importation of slaves in 1808. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States Cremation is another common practice in the United States, though it is frowned upon by various religions. The ashes of the deceased are usually placed in an urn, which may be kept in a private house, or they are interred. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Culture of the United States In some schools Industrial Arts faculties have become part of a larger Technology faculty, however many schools still have a stand-alone Industrial Arts faculty. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Industrial arts Industrial Arts has a single compulsory course for Years 7 and 8: Technology (Mandatory). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Industrial arts In NSW the professional association for Industrial Arts teachers is the Institute of Industrial Arts Technology Education (IIATE). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Industrial arts This organisation releases a quarterly journal (on CD) and also runs an annual conference that investigates matters relevant to Industrial Arts education. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Industrial arts This Hands on concept has now been extended with the Hands on Engineering day now being developed to assist teachers in delivering the Industrial Arts' courses Industrial Technology - Engineering and Engineering Studies. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Industrial arts During the Cold War, the United States fought the Korean War and the Vietnam War but avoided direct military conflict with the Soviet Union. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 ended the Cold War, leaving the United States as the world's sole superpower. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in writing the United States Constitution, ratified in state conventions in 1788. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States fought Indian Wars west of the Mississippi River from 1810 to at least 1890. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States thus left its vast Asian colony, the Philippines, isolated and fighting a losing struggle against Japanese invasion and occupation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States and Japan then fought each other in the largest naval battle in history, the Battle of Leyte Gulf. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States In 1959, the United States formally expanded beyond the contiguous United States when the territories of Alaska and Hawaii became, respectively, the 49th and 50th states admitted into the Union. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Measured by only land area, the United States is third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Overall, the United States receives more high-impact extreme weather incidents than any other country in the world. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States has a diverse population; 37 ancestry groups have more than one million members. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Until 2017, the United States led the world in refugee resettlement for decades, admitting more refugees than the rest of the world combined. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico do not have presidential electors, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the president. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States also observes tribal sovereignty of the American Indian nations to a limited degree, as it does with the states' sovereignty. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States Military service in the United States is voluntary, although conscription may occur in wartime through the Selective Service System. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States spent $649 billion on its military in 2019, 36% of global military spending. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States In 2009, the United States had the third-highest workforce productivity per person in the world, behind Luxembourg and Norway. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States has been a leader in technological innovation since the late 19th century and scientific research since the mid-20th century. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States has historically been the world's largest producer of greenhouse gases, and greenhouse gas emissions per capita remain high. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States is home to many cultures and a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The short form "United States" is also standard. Other common forms are the "U.S.", the "USA", and "America". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States United States", "American" and "U.S." refer to the country adjectivally ("American values", "U.S. forces"). In English, the word "American" rarely refers to topics or subjects not directly connected with the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The District of Columbia is a federal district that contains the capital of the United States, the city of Washington. The states and the District of Columbia choose the president of the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The United States has an established structure of foreign relations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) United States The Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, the first official World's Fair to be held in the United States, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition In December 1866, Campbell suggested to Philadelphia Mayor Morton McMichael that the United States Centennial be celebrated with an exposition in Philadelphia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition Originally, the board thought it was a subsidy, but after the exposition ended, the federal government sued for the money back, and the United States Supreme Court ultimately forced repayment. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition The bicycle displays inspired Albert Augustus Pope to begin making high-wheel bikes in the United States. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition The United States government had a cross-shaped building that held exhibits from various government departments. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition Arts and Industries Building, the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., built in 1879–1881 to house exhibits from the Centennial Exposition --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition After the Exposition, the structure was turned into a permanent building for the International Exhibition. During the auction held on December 1, 1876, it was bought for $250,000. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Centennial Exposition At the Sorbonne conference of 1894, Pierre de Coubertin proposed that the Olympic Games should take place in 1900 in Paris. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1900 Summer Olympics The IOC ceded control of the Games to a new committee which was to oversee every sporting activity connected to the 1900 Exposition Universelle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1900 Summer Olympics The press reported competitions variously as "International Championships", "International Games", "Paris Championships", "World Championships" and "Grand Prix of the Paris Exposition". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1900 Summer Olympics In the seven events contested over 400 metres or less, the United States took 13 out of a possible 21 medals. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) 1900 Summer Olympics He manufactured furniture in the Cotswold Hills, a region of Arts and Crafts furniture-making since Ashbee, and he was a member of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Arts and Crafts movement San Francisco, United States – Admission Day Festival (1910) September 8, 9, 10 --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) List of world's fairs When the 1900 Universal Exposition was announced in 1898 in anticipation of millions of visitors coming to Paris, most of the public transport in Paris was still horse-drawn; forty-eight lines of omnibuses and thirty-four tramway lines still used horses, while there were just thirty-six lines of electric tramways. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Paris in the Belle Époque One of the major urban innovations in Paris was the introduction of electric street lights to coincide with the opening of the Universal Exposition of 1878. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Paris in the Belle Époque Two architectural legacies of the Exposition, the Grand Palais and Petit Palais, are still in place in the city. Though it was a great popular success, attracting an estimated forty-eight million visitors, the 1900 exposition lost money and was the last such exposition in Paris on such a grand scale. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Paris in the Belle Époque He was also commissioned to create a Monument to Balzac (now on the Boulevard Raspail), which caused a scandal and made him a celebrity. Rodin's work was exhibited near the 1900 Exposition, which won him many foreign clients. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Paris in the Belle Époque Art Nouveau glassware preceded Art Nouveau in other media; floral vases and cups by the Daum Studio were displayed as early as the 1889 Paris Exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Nouveau in Paris His work was featured at the Exposition Universelle de Paris, and in 1901 he was named a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur for his contribution to the decorative arts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Nouveau in Paris It was also prominent in the Palace of Decorative Arts, where works of Louis Majorelle and René Lalique, Daum, and other French designers were displayed. The Paris Métro, completed shortly after the Exposition opened, featured the Art Nouveau edicules designed for the stations by Hector Guimard. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Nouveau in Paris The Great Exhibition was organised by Henry Cole and by Prince Albert, husband of the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Exhibition The Great Exhibition of Products of French Industry organised in Paris, France, from 1798 to 1849 were precursors to the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Exhibition Numbering 13,000 in total, the exhibits included a Jacquard loom, an envelope machine, kitchen appliances, steel-making displays and a reaping machine that was sent from the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Great Exhibition Several new magazines devoted to decorative arts were founded in Paris, including Arts et décoration and L'Art décoratif moderne. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris His major projects included decorating the dining room of the ocean liner Paris (1920), making table service for the French President (1922), and an illuminated glass fountain in a central position at the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States all had pavilions. It was particularly celebrated for its extensive use of flood lights and colorful illumination, a novelty at the time, used to great effect in the "Cactus" fountain the centerpiece of the Exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris The major design event of the period in Paris was the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne, overlooking the Eiffel Tower. It was the seventh and last international exposition of its kind to be held in Paris. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris Another major figure in Paris interior decoration in the 1920s was Émile-Jacques Ruhlmann. He had his own pavilion at the 1925 Exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris Most screens were painted on fabric or wood. A highly unusual Art Deco screen is Oasis, made of iron and copper by engineer and metal worker Edgar Brandt for display at the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Art Deco in Paris Consequently, magnificent and important works of art continue to be made in the United States albeit in a wide variety of styles and aesthetic temperaments, the marketplace being left to judge merit. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Visual art of the United States Since then many U.S. movements have shaped Modern and Postmodern art. Art in the United States today covers a huge range of styles. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Visual art of the United States Perhaps the most notable colonial exhibition was the 1931 Paris Colonial Exposition, which lasted six months and sold 33 million tickets. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Colonial exhibition Paris's Colonial Exhibition opened on 6 May 1931 on 110 hectares (272 acres) of the Bois de Vincennes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Colonial exhibition Perhaps the most notable colonial exhibition was the 1931 Paris Colonial Exposition, which lasted six months and sold 33 million tickets. Paris's Colonial Exhibition opened on 6 May 1931 on 110 hectares (272 acres) of the Bois de Vincennes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Colonial exhibition The United States, Germany, China, Siam, Japan, Mexico, Russia, and the South African Republic all had pavilions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) The United States pavilion was also modest, a variation on the United States Capitol Building: the main U.S. presence was in the commercial and industrial palaces. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Art Nouveau ("New Art") style began to appear in Belgium and France in the 1880s and became fashionable in Europe and the United States during the 1890s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) Planning for the 1900 Exposition began in 1892, under President Carnot. Three French Presidents and ten Ministers of Commerce held office before it was completed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) The United States, Germany, China, Siam, Japan, Mexico, Russia, and the South African Republic all had pavilions. The Exposition buildings were meant to be temporary; they were built on iron frames covered with plaster and staff, a kind of inexpensive artificial stone. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Porte Monumentale de Paris, located on the Place de la Concorde, was the main entrance of the Exposition. The architect was René Binet. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) Unlike classical statues, she was dressed in modern Paris fashion. Below the statue was a sculptural prow of a boat, the symbol of Paris, and friezes depicting the workers who built the Exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) Many international congresses and other events were held in Paris in 1900 within the framework of the Exposition. A large area within the Bois de Vincennes was set aside for sporting events, which included, among others, many of the events of the 1900 Summer Olympics, the second time the games were held, and the first time they were held outside of Greece. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1900) Chattanooga, TN and Spartanburg, SC have used goats to control kudzu, an invasive plant species prevalent in the southeastern United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goat In the United States, goats have become the main animal species used for this purpose after the Pentagon phased out using dogs for medical training in the 1980s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Goat While the U.S. did not have a pavilion, hundreds of American designers, artists, journalists and department store buyers came to Paris to see the Exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Due to the extent of American culture, there are many integrated but unique social subcultures within the United States, some not tied to any particular geography. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States School attendance is mandatory and nearly universal at the elementary and high school levels (often known outside the United States as the primary and secondary levels). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States Until the civil rights movement of the 1960s, racial minorities in the United States faced institutionalized discrimination and both social and economic marginalization. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States Slavery was partially abolished by the Emancipation Proclamation issued by the president Abraham Lincoln in 1862 for slaves in the Southeastern United States during the Civil War. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States Architecture in the United States is regionally diverse and has been shaped by many external forces. U.S. architecture can therefore be said to be eclectic, something unsurprising in such a multicultural society. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States Chinese Americans were earlier marginalized as well during a significant proportion of U.S. history. Between 1882 and 1943 the United States instituted the Chinese Exclusion Act barring all Chinese immigrants from entering the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States This relationship has historically been the most important one since the founding of the United States. Currently, most African-Americans are descendants of African slaves imported to the United States, though some are more recent immigrants or their descendants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Culture of the United States The primary role of Industrial Arts education is to expose students to a variety of industrial and engineering technologies that improve their understanding of the industrial and engineered world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Industrial arts For Years 9 and 10 all Industrial Arts courses are electives, the three electives on offer are Design and Technology, Graphics Technology and Industrial Technology. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Industrial arts Moreover, the IIATE represents Industrial Arts teachers in a variety of situations such as syllabus development meetings and teacher training interviews. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Industrial arts Industrial Arts (IA) is an important part of the (NSW) high school curriculum. Industrial Arts syllabi are managed, like all NSW syllabi by the Board of Studies. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Industrial arts Their passage through the design process is documented in a Design Folio. In some schools Design and Technology may not be delivered by the Industrial Arts faculty, in some schools the Home Economics faculty may run the Design and Technology course. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Industrial arts Slavery was legal in the southern United States until the second half of the 19th century when the American Civil War led to its abolition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The United States is a federal republic and a representative democracy with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Moylan expressed his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United States of America to Spain" to seek assistance in the revolutionary war effort. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States " The final version of the Articles, sent to the states for ratification in late 1777, stated that "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United States of America'. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States At first effectively neutral during World War II, the United States began supplying materiel to the Allies in March 1941 through the Lend-Lease program. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States During the war, the United States was one of the "Four Powers" who met to plan the postwar world, along with Britain, the Soviet Union, and China. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States After the Cold War, the conflict in the Middle East triggered a crisis in 1990, when Iraq invaded and annexed Kuwait, an ally of the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The lowest and highest points in the contiguous United States are in the state of California, and only about 84 miles (135 km) apart. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is intended to protect threatened and endangered species and their habitats, which are monitored by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States In 2018, there were almost 90 million immigrants and U.S.-born children of immigrants in the United States, accounting for 28% of the overall U.S. population. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States American public education is operated by state and local governments and regulated by the United States Department of Education through restrictions on federal grants. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The United States is a federal republic of 50 states, a federal district, five territories and several uninhabited island possessions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Democrat Joe Biden, the winner of the 2020 presidential election and former vice president, is serving as the 46th president of the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The total national debt of the United States was $23.201 trillion, or 107% of GDP, in the fourth quarter of 2019. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The president is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces and appoints its leaders, the secretary of defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Law enforcement in the United States is primarily the responsibility of local police departments and sheriff's offices, with state police providing broader services. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Of the world's 50 busiest passenger airports, 16 are in the United States, including the busiest, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Transport is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States, which are the second highest by country, exceeded only by China's. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States However, membership also fell among those who identified with a specific religious group. Protestantism is the largest Christian religious grouping in the United States, accounting for almost half of all Americans. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Nonetheless, the United States remains the only developed nation without a system of universal health care. In 2017, 12.2% of the population did not carry health insurance. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The basic literacy rate is approximately 99%. The United Nations assigns the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying it for 12th in the world. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States They are subdivided into counties or county equivalents and further divided into municipalities. The District of Columbia is a federal district that contains the capital of the United States, the city of Washington. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States Taxation in the United States is based on citizenship, not residency. Both non-resident citizens and Green Card holders living abroad are taxed on their income irrespective of where they live or where their income is earned. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The United States possesses the second-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, behind Russia. More than 40% of the world's 14,000 nuclear weapons are held by the United States. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States In 2009, the private sector was estimated to constitute 86.4% of the economy. While its economy has reached a postindustrial level of development, the United States remains an industrial power. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) United States The United States Centennial Commission organized on March 3, 1872, with Joseph R. Hawley of Connecticut as president. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Centennial Exposition As a replacement, the Fairmount Park Horticulture Center was built on the site in 1976 as part of the United States Bicentennial exposition. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Centennial Exposition The idea of the Centennial Exposition is credited to John L. Campbell, a professor of mathematics, natural philosophy, and astronomy at Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Indiana. In December 1866, Campbell suggested to Philadelphia Mayor Morton McMichael that the United States Centennial be celebrated with an exposition in Philadelphia. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Centennial Exposition Arthur Newton of the United States finished fifth but stated he had not been passed by any other runner during the race. Another American, Richard Grant, claimed he was run down by a cyclist as he made ground on the leaders. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1900 Summer Olympics One of the members of the French team was born in Colombia. They were left as the only participating teams; the United States had entered but were forced to scratch as three of their team were involved in the final of the hammer. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) 1900 Summer Olympics The Exposition Universelle of 1889 (French: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]) was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 5 May to 31 October 1889. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1889) This was the site of the major part of the Exposition, including the Eiffel Tower, Palace of Machines, and the Palaces of Fine Arts and Liberal Arts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1889) A site next to the River was chosen, despite the infiltration of river water, since that land was owned by the City of Paris, and the tower could be kept in place after the Exposition was completed. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1889) The total cost of Exposition was 41,500,000 Francs, while income was 49,500,000 Francs. It was the last of the Paris Universal Expositions to make a profit. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Exposition Universelle (1889) The rest of the United States must know that the real citizenship of Tulsa weeps at this unspeakable crime and will make good the damage, so far as it can be done, to the last penny. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tulsa race massacre Mission Revival, Prairie School, and the 'California bungalow' styles of residential building remain popular in the United States today. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Arts and Crafts movement "The Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society held eleven exhibitions between 1888 and 1916. By the outbreak of war in 1914 it was in decline and faced a crisis. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Arts and Crafts movement 1939–1940 – New York City, United States – 1939 New York World's Fair (exhibits included The World of Tomorrow, Futurama, Trylon and Perisphere) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of world's fairs 1964–1965 – New York City, United States – 1964/1965 New York World's Fair (note: not sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions) – --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) List of world's fairs Three lavish "universal expositions" in 1878, 1889, and 1900 brought millions of visitors to Paris to sample the latest innovations in commerce, art, and technology. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque A unit of river police, the brigade fluviale, was organized in 1900 for the Universal Exposition, as well as a unit of traffic police who wore a symbol of a Roman chariot embroidered on the sleeve of their uniform. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque The expositions and the crowds grew even larger during the Belle Époque; twenty-three million visitors came to Paris for the 1889 exposition, and the 1900 exposition welcomed forty-eight million visitors. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque Though it was a great popular success, attracting an estimated forty-eight million visitors, the 1900 exposition lost money and was the last such exposition in Paris on such a grand scale. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque 14 April – The opening of the Universal Exposition of 1900 that involved the building of the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, and the Pont Alexandre III. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque At the turn of the century, Paris attracted sculptors from around the world. Constantin Brâncuși (1876-1957) moved from Bucharest to Munich to Paris, where he was admitted, in 1905, to the École des Beaux-Arts. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris in the Belle Époque As a result, Poe says, "there could be nothing more directly offensive to the eye of an artist than the interior of what is termed the United States... a well-furnished apartment." Because decorating rooms is a form of art, it should be judged similarly to any other work of art. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) The Philosophy of Furniture The Paris Universal Exposition of 1900 marked the summit of Art Nouveau in Paris, bringing together many of the artists and designers who pioneered the style, and making the style known to the forty-eight million visitors to the Exposition. Art Nouveau architecture was highlighted in the interiors of the two major pavilions of fine arts, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Nouveau in Paris Only two of the original edicules from 1900 are still in use; one is Abbesses (Paris Métro) station. It was originally at Hôtel de Ville (Paris Métro) but was moved to its present location in the 1970s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Nouveau in Paris His pavilion at the Exposition Universelle (1900) was entirely covered in ceramic sculpture on classical and Art Nouveau themes, including bicycles. The Pavilion was demolished at the end of the Exposition, but many of the decorations were preserved. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Nouveau in Paris uPVC is extensively used in the building industry as a low-maintenance material, particularly in Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. In the US and Canada, it is known as vinyl or vinyl siding. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Polyvinyl chloride It was arguably a response to the highly effective French Industrial Exposition of 1844: indeed, its prime motive was for Britain to make "clear to the world its role as industrial leader". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Great Exhibition His major projects included decorating the dining room of the ocean liner Paris (1920), making table service for the French President (1922), and an illuminated glass fountain in a central position at the 1925 Paris Exposition of Decorative Arts. Beginning in 1925 he modified his style from floral fantasies to more geometric and simpler designs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Deco in Paris Reproduced in the United States, the French fashion illustrations created a great demand for the new French styles. Lepape also designed costumes and sets for the theater and ballet. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Art Deco in Paris At the beginning of the 21st century, contemporary art in the United States in general continues in several contiguous modes, characterized by the idea of Cultural pluralism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Visual art of the United States The following list includes the original French title and the English release title (note that English-language catalogs preceded each title with the series name and a dash, e.g. Paris Exposition, 1900—The Moving Sidewalk), as well the numbers assigned to the films in Méliès's Star Film Company catalogs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) In addition to the Paris Exposition, 1900 series proper, Méliès also sold two films, filmed on the River Seine in 1899, showing pre-opening work progressing on Exposition buildings on both sides of the river. These two films were released separately in France but were sold together as a continuous film (numbered 232–233) in English-speaking catalogs. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Among the most popular was the Palace of Optics, whose main attractions included the Great Paris Exposition Telescope, which enlarged the image of the moon ten thousand times. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1900) A 2.87 meter copy of the Statue of Liberty by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, exhibited in Paris in 1900, was placed in the Luxembourg Gardens in 1905 at the request of his widow. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1900) Its full official title was the Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts de Paris 1855. Today the exposition's sole physical remnant is the Théâtre du Rond-Point des Champs-Élysées designed by architect Gabriel Davioud, which originally housed the Panorama National. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1855) The United States, not entirely understanding the purpose of the exhibit, chose not to participate. Austria was a major participant, thanks to the work of Josef Hoffmann, who designed the Austrian pavilion next to the Seine. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts More than 300 languages besides English have native speakers in the United States—some are spoken by indigenous peoples (about 150 living languages) and others imported by immigrants. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States The cuisine of the United States is extremely diverse, owing to the vastness of the continent, the relatively large population (1/3 of a billion people) and the number of native and immigrant influences. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Race in the United States is based on physical characteristics, such as skin color, and has played an essential part in shaping American society even before the nation's conception. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Throughout most of the country's history before and after its independence, the majority race in the United States has been Caucasian, and the largest racial minority has been African-Americans. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Professor Imani Perry, of Princeton University, has argued that contemporary racism in the United States "is frequently unintentional or unacknowledged on the part of the actor", believing that racism mostly stems unconsciously from below the level of cognition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States The flexibility of U.S. culture and its highly symbolic nature lead some researchers to categorize American culture as a mythic identity. The United States has traditionally been thought of as a melting pot, with immigrants contributing to but eventually assimilating with mainstream American culture. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States After World War II, New York emerged as a center of the art world. Painting in the United States today covers a vast range of styles. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States As a whole, the television networks of the United States is the largest and most syndicated in the world. As of August 2013, approximately 114,200,000 American households own at least one television set. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Lacrosse is a team sport of American and Canadian Native American origin and is the fastest growing sport in the United States. Lacrosse is most popular in the East Coast area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Different regions of the United States have their own cuisine and styles of cooking. The states of Louisiana and Mississippi, for example, are known for their Cajun and Creole cooking. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States This is particularly noticeable with black voters who are often socially conservative, yet overwhelmingly vote Democratic. In the United States occupation is one of the prime factors of social class and is closely linked to an individual's identity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Due to exclusion from or marginalization by earlier mainstream society, there emerged a unique subculture among the racial minorities in the United States. During the 1920s, Harlem, New York became home to the Harlem Renaissance. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Currently, most African-Americans are descendants of African slaves imported to the United States, though some are more recent immigrants or their descendants. Slavery existed in the United States at the time of the country's formation in the 1770s. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Headstones, mausoleums, statuary or simple plaques typically mark off the individual graves. Cremation is another common practice in the United States, though it is frowned upon by various religions. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States As of 2011, the United States spends about $550 billion annually to fund its military forces, and appropriates approximately $160 billion to fund Overseas Contingency Operations. Put together, the United States constitutes roughly 43 percent of the world's military expenditures. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States In fact, there are more privately owned firearms in the United States than in any other country, both per capita and in total. Considerable freedom to possess firearms is often considered by the people and the government to be guaranteed by the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Culture of the United States Industrial Arts is commonly referred to as Technology Education. It may include small engine repair and automobile maintenance, and all programs usually cover technical drawing as part of the curricula. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Industrial arts Industrial Arts syllabi are managed, like all NSW syllabi by the Board of Studies. In some schools Industrial Arts faculties have become part of a larger Technology faculty, however many schools still have a stand-alone Industrial Arts faculty. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Industrial arts For Years 9 and 10 all Industrial Arts courses are electives, the three electives on offer are Design and Technology, Graphics Technology and Industrial Technology. The most popular Industrial Arts elective is Industrial Technology. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Industrial arts The United States shares significant land borders with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, as well as limited maritime borders with Cuba, Russia, and the Bahamas. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, NATO, and other international organizations. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The city-state of Cahokia is the largest, most complex pre-Columbian archaeological site in the modern-day United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States played a leading role in the Bretton Woods and Yalta conferences, which signed agreements on new international financial institutions and Europe's postwar reorganization. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union competed for power, influence, and prestige during what became known as the Cold War, driven by an ideological divide between capitalism and communism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States supported Israel during the Yom Kippur War; in response, the country faced an oil embargo from OPEC nations, sparking the 1973 oil crisis. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and nearly equal to China. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is home to 428 mammal species, 784 bird species, 311 reptile species, and 295 amphibian species, as well as about 91,000 insect species. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States In 2017, the United States had the lowest life expectancy among Japan, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and seven nations in western Europe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States However, Iran, North Korea, Bhutan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) do not have formal diplomatic relations with the United States (although the U.S. still maintains unofficial relations with Bhutan and Taiwan). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is the only advanced economy that does not guarantee its workers paid vacation and is one of a few countries in the world without paid family leave as a legal right. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States has the world's second-largest automobile market, and has the highest vehicle ownership per capita in the world, with 816.4 vehicles per 1,000 Americans (2014). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States While mainstream culture holds that the United States is a classless society, scholars identify significant differences between the country's social classes, affecting socialization, language, and values. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States As of 2017, the United States has won 2,522 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other country, and 305 in the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is a highly developed country, and continuously ranks high in measures of socioeconomic performance. It accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest economy by GDP at market exchange rates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States It accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest economy by GDP at market exchange rates. By value, the United States is the world's largest importer and the second-largest exporter of goods. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States It described a collection of states—e.g., "the United States are. " The singular form became popular after the end of the Civil War and is now standard usage in the U.S. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States " The singular form became popular after the end of the Civil War and is now standard usage in the U.S. A citizen of the United States is an "American". " --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Tensions with Britain remained, however, leading to the War of 1812, which was fought to a draw. Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in writing the United States Constitution, ratified in state conventions in 1788. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States American Samoa was acquired by the United States in 1900 after the end of the Second Samoan Civil War. The U.S. Virgin Islands were purchased from Denmark in 1917.Rapid economic development during the late 19th and early 20th centuries fostered the rise of many prominent industrialists. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is the third most populous nation in the world, after China and India. In 2020 the median age of the United States population was 38.5 years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United Nations assigns the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying it for 12th in the world. The United States has many private and public institutions of higher education. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States has many private and public institutions of higher education. The majority of the world's top universities, as listed by various ranking organizations, are in the U.S. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States This includes taxes on income, payroll, property, sales, imports, estates, and gifts, as well as various fees. Taxation in the United States is based on citizenship, not residency. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Both non-resident citizens and Green Card holders living abroad are taxed on their income irrespective of where they live or where their income is earned. The United States is one of the few countries in the world to do so. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The United States is one of the few countries in the world to do so. In 2010 taxes collected by federal, state and municipal governments amounted to 24.8% of GDP. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Military service in the United States is voluntary, although conscription may occur in wartime through the Selective Service System. From 1940 until 1973, conscription was mandatory even during peacetime. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and one of nine countries to possess nuclear weapons. The United States possesses the second-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, behind Russia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Eight Olympic Games have taken place in the United States. The 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri, were the first-ever Olympic Games held outside of Europe. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) United States Officially named the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, it was held in Fairmount Park along the Schuylkill River on fairgrounds designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Centennial Exposition Congressman William D. Kelley spoke for the city and state, and Daniel Johnson Morrell introduced a bill to create a United States Centennial Commission. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Centennial Exposition Within the building, exhibits were arranged in a grid, in a dual arrangement of type and national origin. Exhibits from the United States were placed in the center of the building, and foreign exhibits were arranged around the center, based on the nation's distance from the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Centennial Exposition On some parts of the course, runners had to contend with distractions from cars, bicycles, pedestrians and animals. Arthur Newton of the United States finished fifth but stated he had not been passed by any other runner during the race. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) 1900 Summer Olympics Admission to the Exposition cost forty centimes, at a time when the price of an "economy" plate of meat and vegetables in a Paris cafe was ten centimes. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1889) The countries that officially participated in the Exposition were Andorra, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, the United States, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Japan, Morocco, Mexico, Monaco, Nicaragua, Norway, Paraguay, Persia, --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Exposition Universelle (1889) The attacks burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the neighborhood – at the time one of the wealthiest Black communities in the United States, known as "Black Wall Street". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tulsa race massacre His student de Lemos, who became head of the San Francisco Art Institute, Director of the Stanford University Museum and Art Gallery, and Editor-in-Chief of the School Arts Magazine, expanded and substantially revised Dow's ideas in over 150 monographs and articles for art schools in the United States and Britain. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Arts and Crafts movement In the United States, the Arts and Crafts style initiated a variety of attempts to reinterpret European Arts and Crafts ideals for Americans. These included the "Craftsman"-style architecture, furniture, and other decorative arts such as designs promoted by Gustav Stickley in his magazine, The Craftsman and designs produced on the Roycroft campus as publicized in Elbert Hubbard's The Fra. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Arts and Crafts movement 1851 – London, United Kingdom – The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations – The Crystal Palace (typically listed as the "first world's fair") --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of world's fairs 1923 – Calcutta, India – Calcutta Exhibition (1923) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of world's fairs 1923 – Gothenburg, Sweden – Gothenburg Exhibition (1923) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) List of world's fairs At the time, Paris was not actually the capital of France. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque It was also enlarged between 1898 and 1900 to serve the growing number of passengers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque In 1900, there were about ten thousand fiacres in service in Paris; half belonged to a single company, the Compagnie générale des voitures de Paris; the other five thousand belonged to about five hundred small companies. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque The Universal Exposition of 1878, which lasted from 1 May to 10 November 1878, was designed to advertise the recovery of France from the 1870 Franco-German War and the destruction of the period of the Paris Commune. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque Drawn by the reputation of Paris as the world capital of art, Pablo Picasso came from Barcelona in 1900 to share an apartment with the poet Max Ernst and began by painting the cabarets and prostitutes of the neighborhood. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque The structure is strongly condemned by leading Paris writers and artists. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque They were concentrated on Rue de la Paix and around the Place Vendôme, with a few on the nearby Grands Boulevards. At the Universal Exposition of 1900, an entire building was devoted to fashion designers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque The most prominent sculptor of the period was Auguste Rodin (1840-1917). Born in Paris into a working-class family, he was rejected for entry into the École des Beaux-Arts and rejected by the Paris Salon. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque Born in Paris into a working-class family, he was rejected for entry into the École des Beaux-Arts and rejected by the Paris Salon. He had to struggle for many years to win recognition, supporting himself as a decorator and later as a designer for the Sèvres porcelain factory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris in the Belle Époque Poe begins giving his advice, starting with curtains. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) The Philosophy of Furniture One great limitation on the architecture of Paris at the end of the 19th century was a law, dating to the 1607 but still in effect in 1900, limitling the height and ornament on the facades and forbidding any elements of architecture that protruded over the sidewalk below. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Nouveau in Paris Nearly all were removed a few years later, but many were recreated in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Only two of the original edicules from 1900 are still in use; one is Abbesses (Paris Métro) station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Nouveau in Paris As the founder of Raytroniks, Ray J introduced a line of consumer electronics to the United States market. The product categories included electric bikes, smartphone fans, and smartwatches. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Ray J The Four Towers of the Crafts, by Plumet, marked the center of the Exposition, surrounded by national pavilions and especially pavilions of the major Paris designers and department stores, which had their own design departments, and produced their own furniture and decoration. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Deco in Paris The Paris Colonial Exposition, held for six months in 1931 in the Bois de Vincennes, was designed as a showcase of France's overseas colonies, their products and their culture, and was also a showcase of Art Deco. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Deco in Paris He had his own pavilion at the 1925 Exposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Deco in Paris Monumental sculpture complemented the facade and parvis of the Palais de Chaillot of the 1937 Paris Exposition, including a statue of "The Fruit" by Félix-Alexandre Desruelles at the Palais de Chaillot (1937) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Deco in Paris Paris: Panorama de l'architecture (in French). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Art Deco in Paris Though unconnected to Méliès's enterprise, another early filmmaker, the Edison Manufacturing Company producer James Henry White, also filmed scenes from the Exposition in July 1900. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) The Gateway, like the Exposition buildings, was intended to be temporary, and was demolished as soon as the Exposition was finished. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) It was largely used for receptions for important visitors to the Exposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) The amount budgeted for the Paris Exposition was one hundred million French Francs; twenty million from the French State, twenty million from the City of Paris, and the remaining sixty million expected to come from admissions, and backed by French banks and financial institutions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) Below the statue was a sculptural prow of a boat, the symbol of Paris, and friezes depicting the workers who built the Exposition. The central arch was flanked by two slender, candle-like towers, resembling minarets. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Agriculture pavilion was inside the former Palace of Machines, an enormous iron-framed building from the 1889 Paris Exposition. Its most popular feature was the Champagne Palace, offering displays and samples of French champagne. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1900) Due to its low fat content, the meat can toughen at high temperatures if cooked without additional moisture. One of the most popular goats grown for meat is the South African Boer, introduced into the United States in the early 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Goat For this reason the new Soviet Union was invited, though its government was not yet recognized by France, while Germany was not. The United States declined to participate; the U.S. Secretary of Commerce, Herbert Hoover, explained that there was no modern art in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The culture of the United States of America is primarily of Western origin, but is influenced by a multicultural ethos that includes African, Native American, Asian, Pacific Island, and Latin American people and their cultures. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States The United States is ethnically and racially diverse as a result of large-scale immigration throughout its history, its hundreds of indigenous tribes and cultures, and through African-American slavery followed by emancipation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Semi-distinct cultural regions of the United States include New England, the Mid-Atlantic, the South, the Midwest, the Southwest, and the West—an area that can be further subdivided into the Pacific States and the Mountain States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States The west coast of the continental United States, consisting of California, Oregon, and Washington state, is also sometimes referred to as the Left Coast, indicating its left-leaning political orientation and tendency towards social liberalism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Theater of the United States is based in the Western tradition and did not take on a unique dramatic identity until the emergence of Eugene O'Neill in the early twentieth century, now considered by many to be the father of American drama. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Presley, The Beatles, Garth Brooks, Michael Jackson, Eagles, Whitney Houston and Madonna are the top selling music artists in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States In the federal government of the United States, responsibilities that are usually in a cultural minister's portfolio elsewhere are divided among the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities, the Federal Communications Commission, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the U.S. Department of the Interior, the U.S. Department of State, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the National Endowment for the Arts, the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, the Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution, and the National Gallery of Art. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States In contrast to most other Western nations, guns are widely legal in the United States, and private gun ownership is common; almost half of American households contain at least one firearm. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Television is a major mass media of the United States. Household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, and the majority of households have more than one set. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership. As a whole, the television networks of the United States is the largest and most syndicated in the world. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Control and funding come from three levels: federal, state, and local. School attendance is mandatory and nearly universal at the elementary and high school levels (often known outside the United States as the primary and secondary levels). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States In almost all schools at these levels, children are divided by age groups into grades. Post-secondary education, better known as "college" in the United States, is generally governed separately from the elementary and high school system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States American football, known in the United States as simply "football," now attracts more television viewers than any other sport and is considered to be the most popular sport in the United States. The 32-team National Football League (NFL) is the most popular professional American football league. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Homecoming is an annual tradition of the United States. People, towns, high schools and colleges come together, usually in late September or early October, to welcome back former residents and alumni. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Outside of the relatively few urban areas, it is considered a necessity for most Americans to own and drive cars. New York City is the only locality in the United States where more than half of all households do not own a car. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States The Hispanic community has also had a dramatic impact on American culture. Today, Catholics are the largest religious denomination in the United States and outnumber Protestants in the Southwest and California. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Economic variance and substantive segregation, is commonplace in the United States. Asian Americans have median household income and educational attainment exceeding that of other races. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States 46.9% of homicide victims in the United States are African-American. After the attacks by Muslim terrorists on September 11, 2001, discrimination against Arabs and Muslims in the U.S. rose significantly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Throughout most of the country's history before and after its independence, the majority race in the United States has been Caucasian, and the largest racial minority has been African-Americans. This relationship has historically been the most important one since the founding of the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States The U.S. banned the importation of slaves in 1808. Slavery was partially abolished by the Emancipation Proclamation issued by the president Abraham Lincoln in 1862 for slaves in the Southeastern United States during the Civil War. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Slavery was partially abolished by the Emancipation Proclamation issued by the president Abraham Lincoln in 1862 for slaves in the Southeastern United States during the Civil War. Slavery was rendered illegal by the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States Slavery was rendered illegal by the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Jim Crow Laws prevented full use of African American citizenship until the 20th century. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States From the time of its inception, the military played a decisive role in the history of the United States. A sense of national unity and identity was forged out of the victorious First Barbary War, Second Barbary War, and the War of 1812. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Culture of the United States In the United States, industrial arts classes are colloquially known as "shop class"; these programs expose children to the basics of home repair, manual craftsmanship, and machine safety. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Industrial arts Clubs began as student organizations in primary and secondary schools offering industrial, the TechShop and Sparqs Industrial Arts Club based in Massachusetts which grew out of campus activities at MIT. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Industrial arts In Years 11 and 12 Industrial Arts offers three Higher School Certificate (HSC) non-Vocational courses: Design and Technology, Engineering Studies and Industrial Technology. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Industrial arts Industrial arts is an educational program which features fabrication of objects in wood or metal using a variety of hand, power, or machine tools. Industrial Arts is commonly referred to as Technology Education. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Industrial arts In NSW the professional association for Industrial Arts teachers is the Institute of Industrial Arts Technology Education (IIATE). This organisation releases a quarterly journal (on CD) and also runs an annual conference that investigates matters relevant to Industrial Arts education. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Industrial arts In the late 18th century, the U.S. began expanding across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new states; by 1848, the United States spanned the continent. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The first documented arrival of Europeans in the continental United States is that of Spanish conquistadors such as Juan Ponce de León, who made his first expedition to Florida in 1513. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States remained neutral from the outbreak of World War I in 1914 until 1917 when it joined the war as an "associated power" alongside the Allies of World War I, helping to turn the tide against the Central Powers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States developed the first nuclear weapons and used them on Japan in the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945; the Japanese surrendered on September 2, ending World War II. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States often opposed Third World movements that it viewed as Soviet-sponsored and occasionally pursued direct action for regime change against left-wing governments, occasionally supporting authoritarian right-wing regimes. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The Soviet Union's 1957 launch of the first artificial satellite and its 1961 launch of the first crewed spaceflight initiated a "Space Race" in which the United States became the first nation to land a man on the Moon in 1969. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In the presidential election of 2016, Republican Donald Trump was elected as the 45th president of the United States, a result viewed as one of the biggest political upsets since the 1948 election. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States On January 6, 2021, supporters of outgoing President Trump stormed the United States Capitol in an unsuccessful effort to disrupt the presidential Electoral College vote count. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States It left the Paris Agreement in 2020, and rejoined it in 2021. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In a 2014 survey, 70.6% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians; Protestants accounted for 46.5%, while Catholics, at 20.8%, formed the largest single Christian denomination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Increasing obesity in the United States and improvements in health and longevity outside the U.S. contributed to lowering the country's rank in life expectancy from 11th in the world in 1987 to 42nd in 2007. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In 2018, U21, a network of research-intensive universities, ranked the United States first in the world for breadth and quality of higher education, and 15th when GDP was a factor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The Air Force can strike targets across the globe through its fleet of strategic bombers, maintains the air defense across the United States, and provides close air support to Army and Marine Corps ground forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The Space Force operates the Global Positioning System, operates the Eastern and Western Ranges for all space launches, and operates the United States' Space Surveillance and Missile Warning networks. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In total number of personnel, the United States has the third-largest combined armed forces in the world, behind the Chinese People's Liberation Army and Indian Armed Forces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Although most nations have abolished capital punishment, it is sanctioned in the United States for certain federal and military crimes, and at the state level in 28 states, though three states have moratoriums on carrying out the penalty imposed by their governors. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The rise of fascism and Nazism in the 1920s and 30s led many European scientists, including Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi, and John von Neumann, to immigrate to the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States For 2017 the United Nations Development Programme ranked the United States 13th among 189 countries in its Human Development Index (HDI) and 25th among 151 countries in its inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Disputes over taxation and political representation with Great Britain led to the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established independence. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, NATO, and other international organizations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States By value, the United States is the world's largest importer and the second-largest exporter of goods. Although its population is only 4.2% of the world's total, it holds 29.4% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share held by any country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States This draft of the document did not surface until June 21, 1776, and it is unclear whether it was written before or after Dickinson used the term in his June 17 draft of the Articles of Confederation. The short form "United States" is also standard. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The later invention of electric light and the telephone would also affect communication and urban life. The United States fought Indian Wars west of the Mississippi River from 1810 to at least 1890. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States fought Indian Wars west of the Mississippi River from 1810 to at least 1890. Most of these conflicts ended with the cession of Native American territory and their confinement to Indian reservations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Although Japan attacked the United States first, the U.S. nonetheless pursued a "Europe first" defense policy. The United States thus left its vast Asian colony, the Philippines, isolated and fighting a losing struggle against Japanese invasion and occupation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Measured by only land area, the United States is third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada. The United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and nearly equal to China. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and nearly equal to China. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted, and how the total size of the United States is measured. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted, and how the total size of the United States is measured. The coastal plain of the Atlantic seaboard gives way further inland to deciduous forests and the rolling hills of the Piedmont. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The supervolcano underlying Yellowstone National Park in the Rockies is the continent's largest volcanic feature. The United States, with its large size and geographic variety, includes most climate types. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States, with its large size and geographic variety, includes most climate types. To the east of the 100th meridian, the climate ranges from humid continental in the north to humid subtropical in the south. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is intended to protect threatened and endangered species and their habitats, which are monitored by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The United States is ranked 24th among nations in the Environmental Performance Index. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In 2020 the median age of the United States population was 38.5 years. In 2018, there were almost 90 million immigrants and U.S.-born children of immigrants in the United States, accounting for 28% of the overall U.S. population. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States English (specifically, American English) is the de facto national language of the United States. Although there is no official language at the federal level, some laws—such as U.S. naturalization requirements—standardize English, and most states have declared English as the official language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States has the world's largest Christian population. In a 2014 survey, 70.6% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians; Protestants accounted for 46.5%, while Catholics, at 20.8%, formed the largest single Christian denomination. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The Affordable Care Act (ACA), passed in early 2010 and informally known as "ObamaCare", roughly halved the uninsured share of the population. The bill and its ultimate effect are still issues of controversy in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The bill and its ultimate effect are still issues of controversy in the United States. The U.S. health care system far outspends that of any other nation, measured both in per capita spending and as a percentage of GDP. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States is a federal republic of 50 states, a federal district, five territories and several uninhabited island possessions. It is the world's oldest surviving federation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The states and the District of Columbia choose the president of the United States. Each state has presidential electors equal to the number of their representatives and senators in Congress; the District of Columbia has three because of the 23rd Amendment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States has operated under a two-party system for most of its history. For elective offices at most levels, state-administered primary elections choose the major party nominees for subsequent general elections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In the 117th United States Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are narrowly controlled by the Democratic Party. The Senate consists of 50 Republicans and 48 Democrats with two Independents who caucus with the Democrats; the House consists of 222 Democrats and 211 Republicans. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Likewise, nearly all nations host American diplomatic missions. However, Iran, North Korea, Bhutan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) do not have formal diplomatic relations with the United States (although the U.S. still maintains unofficial relations with Bhutan and Taiwan). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States However, Iran, North Korea, Bhutan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) do not have formal diplomatic relations with the United States (although the U.S. still maintains unofficial relations with Bhutan and Taiwan). It is a member of the G7, G20, and OECD. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The total national debt of the United States was $23.201 trillion, or 107% of GDP, in the fourth quarter of 2019. By 2012, total federal debt had surpassed 100% of U.S. GDP. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States has the highest documented incarceration rate and largest prison population in the world. As of 2020, the Prison Policy Initiative reported that there were some 2.3 million people incarcerated. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. In 2010, the total U.S. trade deficit was $635 billion. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States While its economy has reached a postindustrial level of development, the United States remains an industrial power. In August 2010, the American labor force consisted of 154.1 million people (50%). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States In the 21st century, approximately two-thirds of research and development funding comes from the private sector. The United States leads the world in scientific research papers and impact factor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States leads the world in scientific research papers and impact factor. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Of the world's 50 busiest passenger airports, 16 are in the United States, including the busiest, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. The United States has the longest rail network in the world, nearly all standard gauge. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States has the longest rail network in the world, nearly all standard gauge. The network handles mostly freight, with intercity passenger service provided by the government-subsidized Amtrak to all but four states. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States Transport is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States, which are the second highest by country, exceeded only by China's. The United States has historically been the world's largest producer of greenhouse gases, and greenhouse gas emissions per capita remain high. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The United States energy market is about 29,000 terawatt hours per year. In 2018, 37% of this energy came from petroleum, 31% from natural gas, and 13% from coal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined. Eight Olympic Games have taken place in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) United States The museum school is now the University of the Arts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Centennial Exposition A project of the Women's Centennial Executive Committee, the Women's Pavilion was commissioned in 1873 by the United States Centennial Board of Finance with the expectation that it would generate enthusiasm for the celebration of the fair and increase subscriptions to exposition stock. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Centennial Exposition The United States Centennial Commission organized on March 3, 1872, with Joseph R. Hawley of Connecticut as president. The Centennial Commission's commissioners included one representative from each state and territory in the United States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Centennial Exposition On February 11, 1876, Congress appropriated $1.5 million in a loan. Originally, the board thought it was a subsidy, but after the exposition ended, the federal government sued for the money back, and the United States Supreme Court ultimately forced repayment. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Centennial Exposition Machinery Hall was the show case for the state of the art industrial technology that was being produced at the time. The United States of America alone took up two-thirds of the exhibit space in the building. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Centennial Exposition Indeed, the term "Olympic Games" was replaced by "Concours internationaux d'exercices physiques et de sport" ("International physical exercises and sports" in English) in the official report of the sporting events of the 1900 Exposition Universelle. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1900 Summer Olympics Three marathon runners from the United States contested the result saying the French runners who got first and second places took a short cut, and in fact they were the only contestants not spattered with mud. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1900 Summer Olympics At the Sorbonne conference of 1894, Pierre de Coubertin proposed that the Olympic Games should take place in 1900 in Paris. The delegates to the conference were unwilling to wait six years and lobbied to hold the first games in 1896. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1900 Summer Olympics They were left as the only participating teams; the United States had entered but were forced to scratch as three of their team were involved in the final of the hammer. Edgar Aaybe was a journalist covering the Games for the Danish newspaper Politiken and was asked to join the team when another puller was taken ill. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1900 Summer Olympics A document from 1912 exists, listing results from the 1900 Games, but the reliability and authenticity of this paper is questioned by Olympic historians. This document formed the original basis of the results of the Paris games in the IOC database. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) 1900 Summer Olympics Prefabricated metal housing was another technology that appeared at the Exposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Palaces of Fine Arts and Liberal Arts === --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1889) Celebrities and dignitaries from around the world visited the Exposition. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Exposition featured numerous fountains and reflecting pools, particularly in the mall that ran between the Eiffel Tower and the Palace of Machines. The largest fountain, near the Eiffel Tower, was entitled "The City of Paris enlightens the world with its torch." --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Exposition Universelle (1889) Although the United States Supreme Court declared such an ordinance unconstitutional the following year, Tulsa and many other cities continued to establish and enforce segregation for the next three decades. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tulsa race massacre She remembers clearly her mother saying, “the white people are killing the colored people.” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tulsa race massacre She remembers being frantically awakened by her mother. She remembers clearly her mother saying, “the white people are killing the colored people.” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tulsa race massacre The term was first used by T. J. Cobden-Sanderson at a meeting of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society in 1887, although the principles and style on which it was based had been developing in England for at least 20 years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arts and Crafts movement In 1887 the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, which gave its name to the movement, was formed with Walter Crane as president, holding its first exhibition in the New Gallery, London, in November 1888. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arts and Crafts movement The first American Arts and Crafts Exhibition began on April 5, 1897, at Copley Hall, Boston featuring more than 1000 objects made by 160 craftsmen, half of whom were women. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arts and Crafts movement Few of the founders of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society insisted that the designer should also be the maker. Peter Floud, writing in the 1950s, said that "The founders of the Society ... never executed their own designs, but invariably turned them over to commercial firms. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Arts and Crafts movement Geelong, Victoria - Exhibition of Art, Science and Industry --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Christchurch, New Zealand - New Zealand Interprovincial Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Marseille, France – Exhibition of Modern Inventions and Discoveries --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1876 – Brussels, Belgium – International Exposition of Hygiene and --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Sydney, New South Wales – Sydney International Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Perth, Western Australia, Australia – Perth International Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Christchurch, New Zealand – New Zealand International Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorians' Jubilee Exhibition (1885) (Jubilee of Victoria Exhibition) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Nuremberg, Germany – International Exposition of Metals and Metallurgy --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Grenoble, France – International Alpine Exposition of Grenoble --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Adelaide, South Australia - Exhibition of Art and Industry --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Kiel, Germany – International Shipping and Fishery Exposition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1897 – Brussels, Belgium – Exposition Internationale de Bruxelles (1897) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1921 – Wellington, New Zealand - Exhibition of New Zealand Industries --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Christchurch, New Zealand - Exhibition of New Zealand Industries --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1924 – Wembley, London, United Kingdom – --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Tokyo, Japan – Women's and Children International Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Wellington, New Zealand – New Zealand Centennial Exhibition --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1939 – Liège, Belgium – Exposition internationale de l'eau (1939) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1940 – Tokyo, Japan – Grand International Exposition of Japan (1940) (never held) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs – Lyon, France – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1953 – Rome, Italy – Agricultural Exposition of Rome EA --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Naples, Italy – Oltremare Exhibition – Campi Flegrei --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs Osaka, Japan – Expo '70 (Japan World Exposition) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1896 – Mexico City, Mexico – International Exposition (1896) (never held) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs 1914 – Lyon, France – Exposition internationale urbaine de Lyon --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) List of world's fairs It quickly became one of the most recognizable landmarks in Paris during construction, but was not finished until 1919. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Paris was both the richest and poorest city in France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque In 1879, they changed the name of many of the Paris streets and squares. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 260 monasteries and convents were closed in Paris and the rest of France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque There was no mosque in Paris until after the First World War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque By 1913, there were seven thousand taxis on the streets of Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque In 1906, the first motorized omnibuses began to run on Paris streets. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Electric lighting came much more slowly for residences and businesses in some Paris neighborhoods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Cycling also became an important professional sport, with the opening in 1903 of the first cycling stadium, the Vélodrome d'hiver, on the site of the demolished Palace of Machinery from the 1900 Exposition on the Champ de Mars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Paris also hosted several of the world's earliest automobile races. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque At the turn of the century, Paris attracted sculptors from around the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 10 July – Amnesty for those imprisoned or exiled after the Paris Commune. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 6 May – Opening of the Universal Exposition of 1889. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 19 September – The work begins on the Paris Métro. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 13 February – Whistles are issued to Paris traffic policemen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque The flood affects one sixth of the buildings in Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque They numbered 18 per arrondissement and reached 600 by 1906 for the whole city. A unit of river police, the brigade fluviale, was organized in 1900 for the Universal Exposition, as well as a unit of traffic police who wore a symbol of a Roman chariot embroidered on the sleeve of their uniform. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque One of the major urban innovations in Paris was the introduction of electric street lights to coincide with the opening of the Universal Exposition of 1878. The first streets lit were the Avenue de l'Opéra and the Place de l'Étoile around the Arc de Triomphe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque The Universal Exposition of 1900 took place from 15 April until 12 November 1900. It celebrated the turn of the century and was by far the largest in scale of the Expositions; its sites included the Champ de Mars, Chaillot, the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque A new type of restaurant, the Brasserie, appeared in Paris during the 1867 Universal Exposition. The name originally meant a place that brewed beer, but in 1867 it was a type of café where young women in the national costumes of different countries served different drinks of those countries, including beer, ale, chianti, and vodka. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Cycling also became an important professional sport, with the opening in 1903 of the first cycling stadium, the Vélodrome d'hiver, on the site of the demolished Palace of Machinery from the 1900 Exposition on the Champ de Mars. The first stadium was demolished and moved in 1910 to boulevard de Grenelle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque A new generation of artists arrived in Montmartre at the turn of the century. Drawn by the reputation of Paris as the world capital of art, Pablo Picasso came from Barcelona in 1900 to share an apartment with the poet Max Ernst and began by painting the cabarets and prostitutes of the neighborhood. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque Constantin Brâncuși (1876-1957) moved from Bucharest to Munich to Paris, where he was admitted, in 1905, to the École des Beaux-Arts. He worked for two months in the workshop of Rodin, but left, declaring that "Nothing grows under big trees", and went in his own direction into modernism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque 14 April – The opening of the Universal Exposition of 1900 that involved the building of the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, and the Pont Alexandre III. Before it closes on 12 November, the Exposition attracts more than fifty million visitors. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris in the Belle Époque The other is at Porte Dauphine (Paris Métro). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris It is considered one of the most extravagant examples of Art Nouveau in Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris The Pavilion was demolished at the end of the Exposition, but many of the decorations were preserved. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris His ceramics also lavishly covered the facades of the Paris houses designed by Jules Lavirotte. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris Daum specialized in lead glass or crystal, which it made by a traditional Glass casting process. Art Nouveau glassware preceded Art Nouveau in other media; floral vases and cups by the Daum Studio were displayed as early as the 1889 Paris Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Nouveau in Paris The Tempest prognosticator, a barometer using leeches, was demonstrated at the Great Exhibition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Exhibition The Great Exhibition of 1851 encouraged the production of souvenirs. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Exhibition It was the first in a series of World's Fairs, exhibitions of culture and industry that became popular in the 19th century. The Great Exhibition was organised by Henry Cole and by Prince Albert, husband of the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Great Exhibition It was the seventh and last international exposition of its kind to be held in Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris (Palais de Tokyo) - --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris 1000 Immeubles et monuments de Paris (in French). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris Art Deco architecture, sculpture, and decoration reached its peak at 1939 Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne, and in movie theaters, department stores, other public buildings. It also featured in the work of Paris jewelers, graphic artists, furniture craftsmen, and jewelers, and glass and metal design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris The chief architect was Charles Plumet. The Four Towers of the Crafts, by Plumet, marked the center of the Exposition, surrounded by national pavilions and especially pavilions of the major Paris designers and department stores, which had their own design departments, and produced their own furniture and decoration. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris The furniture designed by Louis Süe and Andre Mare of Compagnie des Arts Francais was finely crafted and lavish. The buffet pictured in the gallery below (1920–1921), now in the Musée des Arts Decoratifs in Paris, is made of Mahogany, gilded bronze, and marble. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris He depicted dancers, acrobats, and other exotic figures. Monumental sculpture complemented the facade and parvis of the Palais de Chaillot of the 1937 Paris Exposition, including a statue of "The Fruit" by Félix-Alexandre Desruelles at the Palais de Chaillot (1937) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris Texier, Simon (2012). Paris: Panorama de l'architecture (in French). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Art Deco in Paris Realism has also been continually popular in the United States, despite modernism's impact; the realist tendency is evident in the city scenes of Edward Hopper, the rural imagery of Andrew Wyeth, and the illustrations of Norman Rockwell. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual art of the United States Visual art of the United States or American art is visual art made in the United States or by U.S. artists. Before colonization there were many flourishing traditions of Native American art, and where the Spanish colonized Spanish Colonial architecture and the accompanying styles in other media were quickly in place. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual art of the United States At the beginning of the 21st century, contemporary art in the United States in general continues in several contiguous modes, characterized by the idea of Cultural pluralism. The "crisis" in painting and current art and current art criticism today is brought about by pluralism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Visual art of the United States Méliès traveled at least twice to the Paris Exposition for his shots, filming architectural views early in the exposition year and shots of the ongoing exposition later on. He employed various techniques to achieve his views, shooting variously from stationary vantage points, from the Exposition's moving sidewalk, from the River Seine, and from an electric train. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Major structures remaining from the Exposition include the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Pont Alexandre III, the Gare d'Orsay railroad station (now the Musée d'Orsay) and two original entrances of Paris Métro stations by Hector Guimard. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Many of the buildings were unfinished when the Exposition opened, and most were demolished immediately after it closed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Unlike classical statues, she was dressed in modern Paris fashion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Producing the light for the Exposition consumed 200,000 kilograms of oil an hour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Visitors could go inside to see the steam-powered generators which provided electricity for the buildings of the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Fifty-six countries were invited to have pavilions at the Exposition, and forty accepted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Most were removed not long after the Exposition, but two original edicules remain. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Their display at the Exposition brought the new style international attention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) Most of the Art Nouveau Metro Station edicules designed by Hector Guimard were removed soon after the Exposition closed, but two of the originals still exist, including one at its original location, at the Porte Dauphine station of the Paris Métro. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Exposition had numerous critics from different points of view. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) The Art Nouveau ("New Art") style began to appear in Belgium and France in the 1880s and became fashionable in Europe and the United States during the 1890s. It was highly decorative and took its inspiration from the natural world, particularly from the curving lines of plants and flowers and other vegetal forms. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) La Porte Monumental Paris is considered to be a structure of the Salammbô style and 'the most typically 1900 monument of the entire exhibition'. The controversial gateway became known as La Salamanda among the public because it resembled the stocky and intricately designed salamander-stoves of the time, only adding to its ridicule. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1900) This practice has become popular in the Pacific Northwest, where they are used to remove invasive species not easily removed by humans, including (thorned) blackberry vines and poison oak. Chattanooga, TN and Spartanburg, SC have used goats to control kudzu, an invasive plant species prevalent in the southeastern United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goat As a goat's anatomy and physiology is not too dissimilar from that of humans, some countries' militaries use goats to train combat medics. In the United States, goats have become the main animal species used for this purpose after the Pentagon phased out using dogs for medical training in the 1980s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Goat The Style Moderne presented at the Exposition later became known as "Art Deco", after the name of the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The banks of the Seine were lined with floating restaurants built for the Exposition, which became a popular attraction. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts There were thirteen different gateways into the Exposition, which were each designed by a different architect. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The organizers of the Exposition were horrified by the appearance of the building, and tried to hide it by building a fence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The pavilion of the Soviet Union was one of the most unusual in the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The intent of the building was to attract attention, and it certainly succeeded; it was one of the most talked-about buildings in the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The Eiffel Tower was not within the site, but it was clearly visible from the Exhibition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Decorative artists had been allowed to participate in the previous two Paris Salons, but they were placed subordinate to the painters, and they wanted an exhibit which gave first place to decorative arts. The first Salons of the new group were held in the newly opened Museum of Decorative Arts in the Pavillon de Marsan of the Louvre. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Many of the exhibits were shown inside the Grand Palais, the enormous hall which had been built for the 1900 International Exposition. For the first time at an international exposition, pieces of furniture were displayed not as individual items but in rooms similar to those in a home, where all the decor was coordinated. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts The cultural affiliations an individual in the United States may have commonly depended on social class, political orientation and a multitude of demographic characteristics such as religious background, occupation, and ethnic group membership. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States There are four large dialect regions in the United States—the North, the Midland, the South, and the West—and several smaller dialects such as those of New York City, Philadelphia, and Boston. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Modeling the provisions concerning religion within the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, the framers of the United States Constitution rejected any religious test for office, and the First Amendment specifically denied the central government any power to enact any law respecting either an establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Relative to other parts of the world, the United States is unusually competitive in women's sports, a fact usually attributed to the Title IX antidiscrimination law, which requires most American colleges to give equal funding to men's and women's sports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States States and localities retained the right to remain "dry", and to this day, a handful still do. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States The United States is ethnically and racially diverse as a result of large-scale immigration throughout its history, its hundreds of indigenous tribes and cultures, and through African-American slavery followed by emancipation. American culture promotes homogeneity in its diversity, often referred to as the "American Melting Pot." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States The United States has traditionally been thought of as a melting pot, with immigrants contributing to but eventually assimilating with mainstream American culture. However, beginning in the 1960s and continuing on in the present day, the country trends towards cultural diversity, pluralism, and the image of a salad bowl instead. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Although the United States has no official language at the federal level, 28 states have passed legislation making English the official language, and it is considered to be the de facto national language. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, more than 97% of Americans can speak English well, and for 81%, it is the only language spoken at home. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States More than 300 languages besides English have native speakers in the United States—some are spoken by indigenous peoples (about 150 living languages) and others imported by immigrants. In fact, English is not the first language of most immigrants in the US, though many do arrive knowing how to speak it, especially from countries where English is broadly used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States This not only includes immigrants from countries such as Canada, Jamaica, and the UK, where English is the primary language, but also countries where English is an official language, such as India, Nigeria, and the Philippines. According to the 2000 census, there are nearly 30 million native speakers of Spanish in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Painting in the United States today covers a vast range of styles. American painting includes works by Jackson Pollock, John Singer Sargent, Georgia O'Keeffe, and Norman Rockwell, among many others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States The United States has few laws governing given names. Traditionally, the right to name your child or yourself as you choose has been upheld by court rulings and is rooted in the Due Process Clause of the fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Fashion in the United States is eclectic and predominantly informal. While the diverse cultural roots of Americans are reflected in their clothing, particularly those of recent immigrants, cowboy hats and boots, and leather motorcycle jackets are emblematic of specifically-American styles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Relative to other parts of the world, the United States is unusually competitive in women's sports, a fact usually attributed to the Title IX antidiscrimination law, which requires most American colleges to give equal funding to men's and women's sports. Despite that, however, women's sports are not nearly as popular among spectators as men's sports. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States New York City is the only locality in the United States where more than half of all households do not own a car. In the 1950s and 1960s subcultures began to arise around the modification and racing of American automobiles and converting them into hot rods. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States African Americans made up 12.3% of the total population, 3.6% were Asian American and 0.7% were Native American. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution—ratified on December 6, 1865—abolished slavery in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Today, Catholics are the largest religious denomination in the United States and outnumber Protestants in the Southwest and California. Mariachi music and Mexican cuisine are commonly found throughout the Southwest, and some Latin dishes, such as burritos and tacos, are found practically everywhere in the nation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States In 2005, the median household income of Whites was 62.5% higher than that of African Americans, nearly one-quarter of whom live below the poverty line. 46.9% of homicide victims in the United States are African-American. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States Nevertheless, some Americans continue to hold negative racial/ethnic stereotypes about various racial and ethnic groups. Professor Imani Perry, of Princeton University, has argued that contemporary racism in the United States "is frequently unintentional or unacknowledged on the part of the actor", believing that racism mostly stems unconsciously from below the level of cognition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States It draws its manpower from a large pool of paid volunteers; although conscription has been used in the past in various times of both war and peace, it has not been used since 1972. As of 2011, the United States spends about $550 billion annually to fund its military forces, and appropriates approximately $160 billion to fund Overseas Contingency Operations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States In contrast to most other Western nations, guns are widely legal in the United States, and private gun ownership is common; almost half of American households contain at least one firearm. In fact, there are more privately owned firearms in the United States than in any other country, both per capita and in total. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Culture of the United States The primary role of Industrial Arts education is to expose students to a variety of industrial and engineering technologies that improve their understanding of the industrial and engineered world. Moreover, students learn both project management and design principles, most courses are project based with students realizing a solution to a design or engineering challenge. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Industrial arts Industrial Arts has a single compulsory course for Years 7 and 8: Technology (Mandatory). This course also has area that cover Home Economics concepts and Information Communication Technologies (ICT) content. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Industrial arts This organisation releases a quarterly journal (on CD) and also runs an annual conference that investigates matters relevant to Industrial Arts education. Moreover, the IIATE represents Industrial Arts teachers in a variety of situations such as syllabus development meetings and teacher training interviews. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Industrial arts The IIATE has run some very successful training days called Hands on Technology where teachers are able to build their skills and knowledge in a variety of areas. This Hands on concept has now been extended with the Hands on Engineering day now being developed to assist teachers in delivering the Industrial Arts' courses Industrial Technology - Engineering and Engineering Studies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Industrial arts It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" dates from a January 2, 1776 letter written by Stephen Moylan to George Washington's aide-de-camp Joseph Reed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Colloquial names are the "U.S. of A." and, internationally, the "States". " --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The giving away of vast quantities of land to white European settlers as part of the Homestead Acts, nearly 10% of the total area of the United States, and to private railroad companies and colleges as part of land grants spurred economic development. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States became increasingly involved in the Vietnam War (1955–1975), introducing combat forces in 1965.At home, the U.S. had experienced sustained economic expansion and a rapid growth of its population and middle class following World War II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The U.S. is one of 17 megadiverse countries containing a large amount of endemic species: about 17,000 species of vascular plants occur in the contiguous United States and Alaska, and more than 1,800 species of flowering plants are found in Hawaii, few of which occur on the mainland. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The Bible Belt is an informal term for a region in the Southern United States in which socially conservative evangelical Protestantism is a significant part of the culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation's average. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that the United States had an average life expectancy at birth of 78.8 years in 2019 (76.3 years for men and 81.4 years for women), up 0.1 year from 2018. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States It works closely with fellow NATO members on military and security issues and with its neighbors through the Organization of American States and free trade agreements such as the trilateral United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States According to a 2018 study by the OECD, the United States has a larger percentage of low-income workers than almost any other developed nation, largely because of a weak collective bargaining system and lack of government support for at-risk workers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The rise in the share of total annual income received by the top one percent, which has more than doubled from nine percent in 1976 to 20 percent in 2011, has significantly affected income inequality, leaving the United States with one of the widest income distributions among OECD nations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Major artistic movements such as the abstract expressionism of Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning and the pop art of Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein developed largely in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, 326 Indian reservations, and some minor possessions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Slavery was legal in the southern United States until the second half of the 19th century when the American Civil War led to its abolition. The Spanish–American War and World War I established the U.S. as a world power, a status confirmed by the outcome of World War II. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States During the Cold War, the United States fought the Korean War and the Vietnam War but avoided direct military conflict with the Soviet Union. The two superpowers competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The two superpowers competed in the Space Race, culminating in the 1969 spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. The Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991 ended the Cold War, leaving the United States as the world's sole superpower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in writing the United States Constitution, ratified in state conventions in 1788. The federal government was reorganized into three branches in 1789, on the principle of creating salutary checks and balances. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States thus left its vast Asian colony, the Philippines, isolated and fighting a losing struggle against Japanese invasion and occupation. During the war, the United States was one of the "Four Powers" who met to plan the postwar world, along with Britain, the Soviet Union, and China. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States During the war, the United States was one of the "Four Powers" who met to plan the postwar world, along with Britain, the Soviet Union, and China. Although the nation lost around 400,000 military personnel, it emerged relatively undamaged from the war with even greater economic and military influence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Millions moved from farms and inner cities to large suburban housing developments. In 1959, the United States formally expanded beyond the contiguous United States when the territories of Alaska and Hawaii became, respectively, the 49th and 50th states admitted into the Union. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The 1970s and early 1980s saw the onset of stagflation. The United States supported Israel during the Yom Kippur War; in response, the country faced an oil embargo from OPEC nations, sparking the 1973 oil crisis. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States In the presidential election of 2016, Republican Donald Trump was elected as the 45th president of the United States, a result viewed as one of the biggest political upsets since the 1948 election. In the presidential election of 2020, Democrat Joe Biden was elected as the 46th president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States States bordering the Gulf of Mexico are prone to hurricanes, and most of the world's tornadoes occur in the country, mainly in Tornado Alley areas in the Midwest and South. Overall, the United States receives more high-impact extreme weather incidents than any other country in the world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States is home to 428 mammal species, 784 bird species, 311 reptile species, and 295 amphibian species, as well as about 91,000 insect species. There are 62 national parks and hundreds of other federally managed parks, forests, and wilderness areas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The idea of wilderness has shaped the management of public lands since 1964, with the Wilderness Act. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is intended to protect threatened and endangered species and their habitats, which are monitored by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States In 2018, there were almost 90 million immigrants and U.S.-born children of immigrants in the United States, accounting for 28% of the overall U.S. population. The United States has a diverse population; 37 ancestry groups have more than one million members. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Until 2017, the United States led the world in refugee resettlement for decades, admitting more refugees than the rest of the world combined. About 82% of Americans live in urban areas, including suburbs; about half of those reside in cities with populations over 50,000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States According to the American Community Survey, in 2010 some 229 million people (out of the total U.S. population of 308 million) spoke only English at home. More than 37 million spoke Spanish at home, making it the second most commonly used language in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Protestantism is the largest Christian religious grouping in the United States, accounting for almost half of all Americans. Baptists collectively form the largest branch of Protestantism at 15.4%, and the Southern Baptist Convention is the largest individual Protestant denomination at 5.3% of the U.S. population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Life expectancy was highest among Asians and Hispanics and lowest among blacks. Increasing obesity in the United States and improvements in health and longevity outside the U.S. contributed to lowering the country's rank in life expectancy from 11th in the world in 1987 to 42nd in 2007. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States In 2017, the United States had the lowest life expectancy among Japan, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and seven nations in western Europe. Obesity rates have more than doubled in the last 30 years and are the highest in the industrialized world. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The president is not elected by direct vote, but by an indirect electoral college system in which the determining votes are apportioned to the states and the District of Columbia. The Supreme Court, led by the chief justice of the United States, has nine members, who serve for life. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Each state has presidential electors equal to the number of their representatives and senators in Congress; the District of Columbia has three because of the 23rd Amendment. Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico do not have presidential electors, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the president. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico do not have presidential electors, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the president. The United States also observes tribal sovereignty of the American Indian nations to a limited degree, as it does with the states' sovereignty. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States also observes tribal sovereignty of the American Indian nations to a limited degree, as it does with the states' sovereignty. American Indians are U.S. citizens and tribal lands are subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Congress and the federal courts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Leadership in the House includes Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, and Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy. In the 117th United States Congress, the House of Representatives and the Senate are narrowly controlled by the Democratic Party. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Colombia is traditionally considered by the United States as its most loyal ally in South America. The U.S. exercises full international defense authority and responsibility for Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and Palau through the Compact of Free Association. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Taxation in the United States is progressive, and is levied at the federal, state, and local government levels. This includes taxes on income, payroll, property, sales, imports, estates, and gifts, as well as various fees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States As a percentage of GDP, it had the 34th largest government debt in the world in 2017; however, more recent estimates vary. The total national debt of the United States was $23.201 trillion, or 107% of GDP, in the fourth quarter of 2019. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The military operates about 800 bases and facilities abroad, and maintains deployments greater than 100 active duty personnel in 25 foreign countries. The United States spent $649 billion on its military in 2019, 36% of global military spending. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States spent $649 billion on its military in 2019, 36% of global military spending. At 4.7% of GDP, the rate was the second-highest among the top 15 military spenders, after Saudi Arabia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States has been a leader in technological innovation since the late 19th century and scientific research since the mid-20th century. Methods for producing interchangeable parts were developed by the U.S. War Department by the Federal Armories during the first half of the 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The network handles mostly freight, with intercity passenger service provided by the government-subsidized Amtrak to all but four states. Transport is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States, which are the second highest by country, exceeded only by China's. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The United States is home to many cultures and a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. Aside from the Native American, Native Hawaiian, and Native Alaskan populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Whether this perception is accurate has been a topic of debate. While mainstream culture holds that the United States is a classless society, scholars identify significant differences between the country's social classes, affecting socialization, language, and values. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States While mainstream culture holds that the United States is a classless society, scholars identify significant differences between the country's social classes, affecting socialization, language, and values. Americans tend to greatly value socioeconomic achievement, but being ordinary or average is also generally seen as a positive attribute. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway and John Steinbeck are often named among the most influential writers of the 20th century. Popular literary genres such as the Western and hardboiled crime fiction developed in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Popular literary genres such as the Western and hardboiled crime fiction developed in the United States. The Beat Generation writers opened up new literary approaches, as have postmodernist authors such as John Barth, Thomas Pynchon, and Don DeLillo. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States The 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri, were the first-ever Olympic Games held outside of Europe. As of 2017, the United States has won 2,522 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other country, and 305 in the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) United States Guards were required to live onsite and were housed at six police stations strategically located throughout the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition Officially named the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, it was held in Fairmount Park along the Schuylkill River on fairgrounds designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann. Nearly 10 million visitors attended the exposition, and 37 countries participated in it. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition In December 1866, Campbell suggested to Philadelphia Mayor Morton McMichael that the United States Centennial be celebrated with an exposition in Philadelphia. Naysayers argued that the project would not be able to find funding, other nations might not attend, and domestic exhibits might compare poorly to foreign ones. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition Congressman William D. Kelley spoke for the city and state, and Daniel Johnson Morrell introduced a bill to create a United States Centennial Commission. The bill, which passed on March 3, 1871, provided that the U.S. government would not be liable for any expenses. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition Originally, the board thought it was a subsidy, but after the exposition ended, the federal government sued for the money back, and the United States Supreme Court ultimately forced repayment. John Welsh enlisted help from the women of Philadelphia who had helped him in the Great Sanitary Fair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition The 1,400 horsepower engine was 45 feet tall, weighed 650 tons, and had one mile of overhead line belts connecting to the machinery in the building. It symbolized the technology that was transforming the United States into an industrial powerhouse. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition Two English manufacturers, Bayless Thomas and Rudge, displayed their high-wheel bikes (called "ordinary bikes" or "penny farthings") at the exposition. The bicycle displays inspired Albert Augustus Pope to begin making high-wheel bikes in the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition The bicycle displays inspired Albert Augustus Pope to begin making high-wheel bikes in the United States. He started the Columbia Bike Company and published a journal called "LAW Bulletin and Good Roads", which was the beginning of the Good Roads Movement.. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition The United States government had a cross-shaped building that held exhibits from various government departments. The remaining structures were corporate exhibitions, administration buildings, restaurants, and other buildings designed for public comfort. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition At the same time, the exposition was designed to show the world the United States' industrial and innovative prowess. The exposition was originally scheduled to open in April, marking the anniversary of the Battles of Lexington and Concord, but construction delays caused the date to be pushed back to May 10. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Centennial Exposition The 1900 Summer Olympics (French: Les Jeux olympiques d'été de 1900), today officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event that took place in Paris, France, in 1900. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The Games were held as part of the 1900 World's Fair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics Most of the winners in 1900 did not receive medals, but were given cups or trophies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics Competitors from Russia and Australia also confirmed their intentions to travel to Paris. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics the cutlery exhibit at the 1900 World's Fair. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The muddied waters of the Seine hosted the swimming events in 1900. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics New ZealandOther modern nations could be considered to have competed in some form in 1900. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1900 Games. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The 1900 Games were held as part of the 1900 Exposition Universelle. The Baron de Coubertin believed that this would help public awareness of the Olympics and submitted elaborate plans to rebuild the ancient site of Olympia, complete with statues, temples, stadia and gymnasia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The IOC ceded control of the Games to a new committee which was to oversee every sporting activity connected to the 1900 Exposition Universelle. Alfred Picard appointed Daniel Mérillon, the head of the French Shooting Association, as president of this organization in February 1899. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The sporting events rarely used the term of "Olympic". Indeed, the term "Olympic Games" was replaced by "Concours internationaux d'exercices physiques et de sport" ("International physical exercises and sports" in English) in the official report of the sporting events of the 1900 Exposition Universelle. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics tournament on an October Tuesday in Paris. She died in 1955 without being aware that --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) 1900 Summer Olympics The most famous structure created for the Exposition, and still remaining, is the Eiffel Tower. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) It was the last of the Paris Universal Expositions to make a profit. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) There were twenty-two different entrances to the Exposition, around its perimeter. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) When the Exposition ended, the tower was used for a time as a weather station. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) After the Exposition the building was shipped to Fort de France and reassembled there, the work being completed by 1893. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) Many smaller but picturesque buildings were included within or adjacent to the Exposition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Pavilion of electricity was demolished immediately after the Exposition, and the cafe was torn down in 1910. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) The Exposition Universelle of 1889 (French: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]) was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 5 May to 31 October 1889. It was the fourth of eight expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) Because of the theme of the Exposition, celebrating the overthrow of the French monarchy, nearly all European countries with monarchies officially boycotted the Exposition. The boycotting nations were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, and Sweden. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) At 111 meters, the Galerie covered the longest interior space in the world at the time, It cost 7,430,000 Francs, or seven times the cost of the Eiffel Tower. It was later used again at the Exposition Universelle of 1900 and then destroyed in 1910. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Exposition Universelle (1889) Tulsa can only redeem herself from the country-wide shame and humiliation into which she is today plunged by complete restitution and rehabilitation of the destroyed black belt. The rest of the United States must know that the real citizenship of Tulsa weeps at this unspeakable crime and will make good the damage, so far as it can be done, to the last penny. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tulsa race massacre He was personally involved in manufacture as well as design, which was the hallmark of the Arts and Crafts movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement By 1910, there was a fashion for "Arts and Crafts" and all things hand-made. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement Insofar as craftsmanship was concerned, Arts and Crafts was a revivalist campaign. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement But the Arts and Crafts Movement brought new appreciation to their work. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement In Canada, the term Arts and Crafts predominates, but Craftsman is also recognized. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement Gertrude Jekyll applied Arts and Crafts principles to garden design. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement One of its main promoters, Gordon Russell, chairman of the Utility Furniture Design Panel, was imbued with Arts and Crafts ideas. He manufactured furniture in the Cotswold Hills, a region of Arts and Crafts furniture-making since Ashbee, and he was a member of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Arts and Crafts movement 1801 – Paris, France – Second Exposition (1801). After the success of the exposition of 1798 a series of expositions for French manufacturing followed (1801, 1802, 1806, 1819, 1823, 1827, 1834, 1844 and 1849) until the first properly international (or universal) exposition in France in 1855. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1883 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – International Colonial and Export Exhibition --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Jubilee International Exhibition (1887) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1892 – Kimberley, Cape Colony – South African and International Exhibition --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1909 – Nancy, France – Exposition Internationale de l'Est de la France --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1923 – Calcutta, India – Calcutta Exhibition (1923) preparatory to British Empire Exhibition --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1923 – Moscow, Soviet Union – All-Russian Agricultural and Domestic Industries Exhibition --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1923 – Gothenburg, Sweden – Gothenburg Exhibition (1923) (Jubileumsutställningens i Göteborg) (Liseberg) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs 1935 – Taipai. Taiwan under Japanese rule – The Taiwan Exposition: --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) List of world's fairs It saw the construction of the Eiffel Tower, the Paris Métro, the completion of the Paris Opera, and the beginning of the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur on Montmartre. Three lavish "universal expositions" in 1878, 1889, and 1900 brought millions of visitors to Paris to sample the latest innovations in commerce, art, and technology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque Three lavish "universal expositions" in 1878, 1889, and 1900 brought millions of visitors to Paris to sample the latest innovations in commerce, art, and technology. Paris was the scene of the first public projection of a motion picture, and the birthplace of the Ballets Russes, Impressionism, and Modern Art. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque The expositions and the crowds grew even larger during the Belle Époque; twenty-three million visitors came to Paris for the 1889 exposition, and the 1900 exposition welcomed forty-eight million visitors. The Grand Hôtel du Louvre, built for the universal exposition of 1855, opened that same year. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque In 1900, there were about ten thousand fiacres in service in Paris; half belonged to a single company, the Compagnie générale des voitures de Paris; the other five thousand belonged to about five hundred small companies. The first two automobile taxis entered service in 1898, at a time when there were just 1,309 automobiles in Paris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque The horse-drawn tramway gradually replaced the horse-drawn omnibus. In 1906, the first motorized omnibuses began to run on Paris streets. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque For the 1889 exposition, the same site was occupied by the Eiffel Tower and the huge Gallery of Machines, plus two large exhibit halls: the Palace of Liberal Arts and the Palace of Fine Arts. The two palaces were designed by Jean-Camille Formigé, the chief architect of Paris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque The Arc de Triomphe was crowned with a ring of gaslights, and the Champs-Élysées was lined with ribbons of white light. One of the major urban innovations in Paris was the introduction of electric street lights to coincide with the opening of the Universal Exposition of 1878. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque Drawn by the reputation of Paris as the world capital of art, Pablo Picasso came from Barcelona in 1900 to share an apartment with the poet Max Ernst and began by painting the cabarets and prostitutes of the neighborhood. Amedeo Modigliani and other artists lived and worked in a building called Le Bateau-Lavoir during the years 1904–1909. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque January – Construction begins of the Eiffel Tower. The structure is strongly condemned by leading Paris writers and artists. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris in the Belle Époque Poe begins giving his advice, starting with curtains. Excessive drapery, he says, is "irreconcilable with good taste. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) The Philosophy of Furniture They were prefabricated for easier installation, and one hundred and forty coverings were put into place. Most were installed in 1900. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris Besides metal work, He designed furniture, wrote for newspapers, and created stage sets and posters for the Le Chat Noir cabaret. His work was featured at the Exposition Universelle de Paris, and in 1901 he was named a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur for his contribution to the decorative arts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris The Musée Carnavalet of the history of Paris. Reconstructed rooms, objects. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris Maxim's Art Nouveau "Collection 1900". Private museum over Maxim's restaurant. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris Plum, Gilles (2014). Paris architectures de la Belle Époque. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris Riley, Noël (2004). Grammaire des Arts Décoratifs (in French). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Nouveau in Paris The Exhibition caused controversy as its opening approached. Some conservatives feared that the mass of visitors might become a revolutionary mob. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Great Exhibition The Société des artistes décorateurs (Society of decorative artists), or SAD, was founded in 1901, and decorative artists were given the same rights of authorship as painters and sculptors. Several new magazines devoted to decorative arts were founded in Paris, including Arts et décoration and L'Art décoratif moderne. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Deco in Paris Several new magazines devoted to decorative arts were founded in Paris, including Arts et décoration and L'Art décoratif moderne. Decorative arts sections were introduced into the annual salons of the Sociéte des artistes français, and later in the Salon d'automne, which played a major role in popularizing the style. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Deco in Paris Poisson, Michel (2009). 1000 Immeubles et monuments de Paris (in French). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Art Deco in Paris Though unconnected to Méliès's enterprise, another early filmmaker, the Edison Manufacturing Company producer James Henry White, also filmed scenes from the Exposition in July 1900. White's camera was equipped with a newly designed panning-head tripod, allowing for numerous panoramas from stationary vantage points. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Paris Exposition, 1900 (film series) Paris's Colonial Exhibition opened on 6 May 1931 on 110 hectares (272 acres) of the Bois de Vincennes. The exhibition included dozens of temporary museums and façades representing the various colonies of the European nations, as well as several permanent buildings. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Colonial exhibition Of the fifty-six countries invited to participate, forty accepted, plus an additional number of colonies and protectorates of France, the Netherlands, Britain, and Portugal. The United States, Germany, China, Siam, Japan, Mexico, Russia, and the South African Republic all had pavilions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1900) Binet sought inspiration from science, tucking the vertebrae of a dinosaur, the cells of a beehive, rams, peacocks, and poppies into the design alongside other animalistic stimuli. La Porte Monumental Paris is considered to be a structure of the Salammbô style and 'the most typically 1900 monument of the entire exhibition'. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1900) The furniture was simple, machine-made and mass-produced. The organizers of the Exposition were horrified by the appearance of the building, and tried to hide it by building a fence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts Due to the extent of American culture, there are many integrated but unique social subcultures within the United States, some not tied to any particular geography. The cultural affiliations an individual in the United States may have commonly depended on social class, political orientation and a multitude of demographic characteristics such as religious background, occupation, and ethnic group membership. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States The cultural affiliations an individual in the United States may have commonly depended on social class, political orientation and a multitude of demographic characteristics such as religious background, occupation, and ethnic group membership. Colonists from the United States formed the now-independent country of Liberia. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States According to the 2000 census, there are nearly 30 million native speakers of Spanish in the United States. Spanish has official status in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, where it is the primary language spoken, and the state of New Mexico; various smaller Spanish enclaves exist around the country as well. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Theater of the United States is based in the Western tradition and did not take on a unique dramatic identity until the emergence of Eugene O'Neill in the early twentieth century, now considered by many to be the father of American drama. O'Neill is a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for drama and the only American playwright to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Most of the new technological innovations over the 20th and 21st centuries were either first invented in the United States, first widely adopted by Americans, or both. Examples include the lightbulb, the airplane, the transistor, the atomic bomb, nuclear power, the personal computer, the iPod, video games, online shopping, and the development of the Internet. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Traditionally, the right to name your child or yourself as you choose has been upheld by court rulings and is rooted in the Due Process Clause of the fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. This freedom, along with the cultural diversity within the United States has given rise to a wide variety of names and naming trends. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States The cuisine of the United States is extremely diverse, owing to the vastness of the continent, the relatively large population (1/3 of a billion people) and the number of native and immigrant influences. Mainstream American culinary arts are similar to those in other Western countries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Family arrangements in the United States reflect the nature of contemporary American society, as they always have. Although the nuclear family concept (two-married adults with biological children) holds a special place in the mindset of Americans, it is single-parent families, childless couples, and fused families that now constitute the majority of families. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States In the United States occupation is one of the prime factors of social class and is closely linked to an individual's identity. The average workweek in the U.S. for those employed full-time was 42.9 hours long with 30% of the population working more than 40 hours a week. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Race in the United States is based on physical characteristics, such as skin color, and has played an essential part in shaping American society even before the nation's conception. Until the civil rights movement of the 1960s, racial minorities in the United States faced institutionalized discrimination and both social and economic marginalization. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Until the civil rights movement of the 1960s, racial minorities in the United States faced institutionalized discrimination and both social and economic marginalization. Today the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of the Census recognizes four races, Native American or American Indian, African American, Asian and White (European American). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution—ratified on December 6, 1865—abolished slavery in the United States. The northern states had outlawed slavery in their territory in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century, though their industrial economies relied on raw materials produced by slaves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Between 1882 and 1943 the United States instituted the Chinese Exclusion Act barring all Chinese immigrants from entering the United States. During the Second World War, roughly 120,000 Japanese Americans, 62% of whom were U.S. citizens, were imprisoned in Japanese internment camps by the U.S. government following the attacks on Pearl Harbor, an American military base, by Japanese troops. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Prohibition was repealed in 1933. States and localities retained the right to remain "dry", and to this day, a handful still do. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States Put together, the United States constitutes roughly 43 percent of the world's military expenditures. The U.S. armed forces as a whole possess large quantities of advanced and powerful equipment, along with widespread placement of forces around the world, giving them significant capabilities in both defense and power projection. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Culture of the United States In the United States, industrial arts classes are colloquially known as "shop class"; these programs expose children to the basics of home repair, manual craftsmanship, and machine safety. Most industrial arts programs were established in comprehensive rather than dedicated vocational schools and focused on a broad range of skills rather than on a specific vocational training. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Industrial arts A key part of the project report is evaluation of the finished product. In Years 11 and 12 Industrial Arts offers three Higher School Certificate (HSC) non-Vocational courses: Design and Technology, Engineering Studies and Industrial Technology. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Industrial arts At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million square kilometers), it is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area. The United States shares significant land borders with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, as well as limited maritime borders with Cuba, Russia, and the Bahamas. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States shares significant land borders with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, as well as limited maritime borders with Cuba, Russia, and the Bahamas. With a population of more than 331 million people, it is the third most populous country in the world. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Disputes over taxation and political representation with Great Britain led to the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established independence. In the late 18th century, the U.S. began expanding across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new states; by 1848, the United States spanned the continent. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States In the late 18th century, the U.S. began expanding across North America, gradually obtaining new territories, sometimes through war, frequently displacing Native Americans, and admitting new states; by 1848, the United States spanned the continent. Slavery was legal in the southern United States until the second half of the 19th century when the American Civil War led to its abolition. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States is a federal republic and a representative democracy with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, NATO, and other international organizations. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Over time, indigenous cultures in North America grew increasingly complex, and some, such as the pre-Columbian Mississippian culture in the southeast, developed advanced agriculture, architecture, and complex societies. The city-state of Cahokia is the largest, most complex pre-Columbian archaeological site in the modern-day United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The city-state of Cahokia is the largest, most complex pre-Columbian archaeological site in the modern-day United States. In the Four Corners region, Ancestral Puebloan culture developed from centuries of agricultural experimentation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Claims of very early colonization of coastal New England by the Norse are disputed and controversial. The first documented arrival of Europeans in the continental United States is that of Spanish conquistadors such as Juan Ponce de León, who made his first expedition to Florida in 1513. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The first documented arrival of Europeans in the continental United States is that of Spanish conquistadors such as Juan Ponce de León, who made his first expedition to Florida in 1513. Even earlier, Christopher Columbus had landed in Puerto Rico on his 1493 voyage, and San Juan was settled by the Spanish a decade later. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Although the nation lost around 400,000 military personnel, it emerged relatively undamaged from the war with even greater economic and military influence. The United States played a leading role in the Bretton Woods and Yalta conferences, which signed agreements on new international financial institutions and Europe's postwar reorganization. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States played a leading role in the Bretton Woods and Yalta conferences, which signed agreements on new international financial institutions and Europe's postwar reorganization. As an Allied victory was won in Europe, a 1945 international conference held in San Francisco produced the United Nations Charter, which became active after the war. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States As an Allied victory was won in Europe, a 1945 international conference held in San Francisco produced the United Nations Charter, which became active after the war. The United States and Japan then fought each other in the largest naval battle in history, the Battle of Leyte Gulf. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States and Japan then fought each other in the largest naval battle in history, the Battle of Leyte Gulf. The United States developed the first nuclear weapons and used them on Japan in the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945; the Japanese surrendered on September 2, ending World War II. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union competed for power, influence, and prestige during what became known as the Cold War, driven by an ideological divide between capitalism and communism. They dominated the military affairs of Europe, with the U.S. and its NATO allies on one side and the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies on the other. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States While the U.S. and Soviet Union engaged in proxy wars and developed powerful nuclear arsenals, the two countries avoided direct military conflict. The United States often opposed Third World movements that it viewed as Soviet-sponsored and occasionally pursued direct action for regime change against left-wing governments, occasionally supporting authoritarian right-wing regimes. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States often opposed Third World movements that it viewed as Soviet-sponsored and occasionally pursued direct action for regime change against left-wing governments, occasionally supporting authoritarian right-wing regimes. American troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1950–1953. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States American troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1950–1953. The Soviet Union's 1957 launch of the first artificial satellite and its 1961 launch of the first crewed spaceflight initiated a "Space Race" in which the United States became the first nation to land a man on the Moon in 1969. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States In 1959, the United States formally expanded beyond the contiguous United States when the territories of Alaska and Hawaii became, respectively, the 49th and 50th states admitted into the Union. The growing Civil Rights Movement used nonviolence to confront segregation and discrimination, with Martin Luther King Jr. becoming a prominent leader and figurehead. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States supported Israel during the Yom Kippur War; in response, the country faced an oil embargo from OPEC nations, sparking the 1973 oil crisis. In 1979, President Jimmy Carter brokered a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, marking the first time an Arab nation recognized Israeli existence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States In the presidential election of 2020, Democrat Joe Biden was elected as the 46th president. On January 6, 2021, supporters of outgoing President Trump stormed the United States Capitol in an unsuccessful effort to disrupt the presidential Electoral College vote count. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges run close to the Pacific coast, both ranges reaching altitudes higher than 14,000 feet (4,300 m). The lowest and highest points in the contiguous United States are in the state of California, and only about 84 miles (135 km) apart. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The lowest and highest points in the contiguous United States are in the state of California, and only about 84 miles (135 km) apart. At an elevation of 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), Alaska's Denali is the highest peak in the country and in North America. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States According to the Bureau's U.S. Population Clock, on January 28, 2021, the U.S. population had a net gain of one person every 100 seconds, or about 864 people per day. The United States is the third most populous nation in the world, after China and India. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Among current living immigrants to the U.S., the top five countries of birth are Mexico, China, India, the Philippines and El Salvador. Until 2017, the United States led the world in refugee resettlement for decades, admitting more refugees than the rest of the world combined. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States In a 2014 survey, 70.6% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians; Protestants accounted for 46.5%, while Catholics, at 20.8%, formed the largest single Christian denomination. In 2014, 5.9% of the U.S. adult population claimed a non-Christian religion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The Bible Belt is an informal term for a region in the Southern United States in which socially conservative evangelical Protestantism is a significant part of the culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation's average. By contrast, religion plays the least important role in New England and in the Western United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Increasing obesity in the United States and improvements in health and longevity outside the U.S. contributed to lowering the country's rank in life expectancy from 11th in the world in 1987 to 42nd in 2007. In 2017, the United States had the lowest life expectancy among Japan, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and seven nations in western Europe. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Government-funded health care coverage for the poor (Medicaid, established in 1965) and for those age 65 and older (Medicare, begun in 1966) is available to Americans who meet the programs' income or age qualifications. Nonetheless, the United States remains the only developed nation without a system of universal health care. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States It works closely with fellow NATO members on military and security issues and with its neighbors through the Organization of American States and free trade agreements such as the trilateral United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement. Colombia is traditionally considered by the United States as its most loyal ally in South America. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The president is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces and appoints its leaders, the secretary of defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Department of Defense administers five of the six service branches, which are made up of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Space Force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States In total number of personnel, the United States has the third-largest combined armed forces in the world, behind the Chinese People's Liberation Army and Indian Armed Forces. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and one of nine countries to possess nuclear weapons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States About 9% of prisoners are held in privatized prisons, a practice beginning in the 1980s and a subject of contention. Although most nations have abolished capital punishment, it is sanctioned in the United States for certain federal and military crimes, and at the state level in 28 states, though three states have moratoriums on carrying out the penalty imposed by their governors. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States According to the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. GDP of $22.7 trillion constitutes 24% of the gross world product at market exchange rates and over 16% of the gross world product at purchasing power parity. The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States It has a smaller welfare state and redistributes less income through government action than most European nations. The United States is the only advanced economy that does not guarantee its workers paid vacation and is one of a few countries in the world without paid family leave as a legal right. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States is the only advanced economy that does not guarantee its workers paid vacation and is one of a few countries in the world without paid family leave as a legal right. 74% of full-time American workers get paid sick leave, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, although only 24% of part-time workers get the same benefits. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States 74% of full-time American workers get paid sick leave, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, although only 24% of part-time workers get the same benefits. In 2009, the United States had the third-highest workforce productivity per person in the world, behind Luxembourg and Norway. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The Wright brothers, in 1903, made the first sustained and controlled heavier-than-air powered flight. The rise of fascism and Nazism in the 1920s and 30s led many European scientists, including Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi, and John von Neumann, to immigrate to the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Americans on average have more than twice as much living space per dwelling and per person as EU residents. For 2017 the United Nations Development Programme ranked the United States 13th among 189 countries in its Human Development Index (HDI) and 25th among 151 countries in its inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The rise in the share of total annual income received by the top one percent, which has more than doubled from nine percent in 1976 to 20 percent in 2011, has significantly affected income inequality, leaving the United States with one of the widest income distributions among OECD nations. The extent and relevance of income inequality is a matter of debate. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Personal transportation is dominated by automobiles, which operate on a network of 4 million miles (6.4 million kilometers) of public roads. The United States has the world's second-largest automobile market, and has the highest vehicle ownership per capita in the world, with 816.4 vehicles per 1,000 Americans (2014). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The United States has the world's second-largest automobile market, and has the highest vehicle ownership per capita in the world, with 816.4 vehicles per 1,000 Americans (2014). In 2017, there were 255,009,283 non-two wheel motor vehicles, or about 910 vehicles per 1,000 people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The three largest airlines in the world by passengers carried are U.S.-based; American Airlines is number one after its 2013 acquisition by US Airways. Of the world's 50 busiest passenger airports, 16 are in the United States, including the busiest, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Georgia O'Keeffe, Marsden Hartley, and others experimented with new, individualistic styles. Major artistic movements such as the abstract expressionism of Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning and the pop art of Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein developed largely in the United States. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States Aside from web portals and search engines, the most popular websites are Facebook, YouTube, Wikipedia, Yahoo!, eBay, Amazon, and Twitter. More than 800 publications are produced in Spanish, the second most commonly used language in the United States behind English. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) United States The 1900 Summer Olympics (French: Les Jeux olympiques d'été de 1900), today officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event that took place in Paris, France, in 1900. No opening or closing ceremonies were held; competitions began on 14 May and ended on 28 October. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) 1900 Summer Olympics By the time the Exposition finished, after 173 days, 1,968,287 persons had ascended the tower. When the Exposition ended, the tower was used for a time as a weather station. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Exposition Universelle (1889) Alternatively known as the Tulsa race riot or the Black Wall Street massacre, the event is considered one of "the single worst incident[s] of racial violence in American history". The attacks burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the neighborhood – at the time one of the wealthiest Black communities in the United States, known as "Black Wall Street". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tulsa race massacre The attacks burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the neighborhood – at the time one of the wealthiest Black communities in the United States, known as "Black Wall Street". More than 800 people were admitted to hospitals, and as many as 6,000 Black residents of Tulsa were interned in large facilities, many of them were interned for several days. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tulsa race massacre He claims some images could never leave his mind. He remembers seeing people getting shot and his own curtains being set on fire by a mob of white men. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tulsa race massacre The term was first used by T. J. Cobden-Sanderson at a meeting of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society in 1887, although the principles and style on which it was based had been developing in England for at least 20 years. It was inspired by the ideas of architect Augustus Pugin, writer John Ruskin, and designer William Morris. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arts and Crafts movement In 1887 the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, which gave its name to the movement, was formed with Walter Crane as president, holding its first exhibition in the New Gallery, London, in November 1888. It was the first show of contemporary decorative arts in London since the Grosvenor Gallery's Winter Exhibition of 1881. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arts and Crafts movement There was a proliferation of amateur handicrafts of variable quality and of incompetent imitators who caused the public to regard Arts and Crafts as "something less, instead of more, competent and fit for purpose than an ordinary mass produced article. "The Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society held eleven exhibitions between 1888 and 1916. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arts and Crafts movement The situation in Wales was different than elsewhere in the UK. Insofar as craftsmanship was concerned, Arts and Crafts was a revivalist campaign. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arts and Crafts movement Restored and landmark-protected examples are still present in America, especially in California in Berkeley and Pasadena, and the sections of other towns originally developed during the era and not experiencing post-war urban renewal. Mission Revival, Prairie School, and the 'California bungalow' styles of residential building remain popular in the United States today. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Arts and Crafts movement
658.	Q: Does Laurier in Quebec have any protruding exterior surfaces? Title = Laurier Quebec Description = A: Yes Relevant Wikipedia Pages: Quebec, Zipper, Château Laurier, Zoé Laurier, Old Quebec, Lucie Laurier, Quebec City, Quebec sovereignty movement, Stucco, Tactile paving, Lip, Mont-Laurier, Quebec Nordiques, Quebec County, Quebec, Wilfrid Laurier University, Laurier (name), STS-114, Chevrolet Impala, Laval, Quebec, .quebec, National Assembly of Quebec, Casa Batlló, Gecko feet, Wilfrid Laurier, Laurier, Washington, Jeep Wagoneer (SJ), Lindsay Shepherd, Laurier Québec, Self-cleaning surfaces, National Order of Quebec Toggle details	[they are] provided with exterior and interior rounded surfaces, and are somewhat elongated transversely. --- (0.33, 0.0, 0.33) Zipper Place Laurier was the first indoor mall in the province of Quebec. --- (0.22, 0.0, 0.22) Laurier Québec In Sundback's invention the teeth are symmetric with "exterior and interior rounded surfaces" that are "elongated transversely". --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Zipper Mont-Laurier is one of the largest municipalities in Quebec in terms of area. --- (0.2, 0.0, 0.2) Mont-Laurier Laurier presided over the Quebec Bridge disaster, in which 75 workers were killed, on 29 August 1907. --- (0.18, 0.0, 0.18) Wilfrid Laurier Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Quebec sovereignty movement Laurier is both a surname and a given name. --- (0.17, 0.0, 0.17) Laurier (name) A further feature of the invention resides in the shape and configuration of the locking members ... [they are] provided with exterior and interior rounded surfaces, and are somewhat elongated transversely. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Zipper This is a lock and key design. In Sundback's invention the teeth are symmetric with "exterior and interior rounded surfaces" that are "elongated transversely". --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Zipper These factors, combined with the collapse of the Conservative Party of Quebec, gave Laurier an opportunity to build a stronghold in French Canada and among Catholics across Canada. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Wilfrid Laurier As a result of Laurier's opposition of conscription in 1917, Quebec and its French-Canadian voters voted overwhelmingly to support the Liberal party starting in 1917. --- (0.15, 0.0, 0.15) Wilfrid Laurier This eventually resulted in enactment of the Quebec Act of 1774. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec Today, Quebec is still subservient to this 1982 constitution despite never having officially consented to it. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is the legislative body of Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec This dramatically increased the number of English speakers in Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec The multimedia sector is also dominated by the province of Quebec. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec It was chosen because it blooms around the time of Quebec's Fête nationale. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec They can also be derailed (and damage the sealing surfaces) if the teeth are misaligned while straining to pull the zipper shut. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Zipper Ultimately, their union was childless, to Laurier's dismay. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Zoé Laurier Lucie Laurier (born 19 March 1975) is a Canadian actress from Quebec and an adherent to several conspiracy theories. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Lucie Laurier You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec sovereignty movement Long live Quebec!") and unfurling a banner depicting Sherman as a beaver. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Quebec sovereignty movement Many sites and landmarks were named to honor Laurier. --- (0.14, 0.0, 0.14) Wilfrid Laurier According to the Canada 2006 Census, the population of Mont-Laurier is 13,405. Mont-Laurier is one of the largest municipalities in Quebec in terms of area. --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Mont-Laurier Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board, an English school board located in Quebec; the school board serves the Laval, Laurentides, and Lanaudière regions in Quebec --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier Québec (formerly called and still commonly referred to as Place Laurier) is one of Canada's largest shopping malls. It is located in Quebec City, Quebec (in what was formerly the city of Sainte-Foy). --- (0.13, 0.0, 0.13) Laurier Québec In general, the climate of Quebec is cold and humid. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec This extends the borders of Quebec northward all the way to the Hudson Strait. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec was the last province to abolish its legislative council. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec's national policy covers all areas relating to the Quebec nation. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec , Quebec defines itself as a free and democratic state of law. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec universities are among the least expensive in Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec English is not an official language in Quebec law. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec In Quebec, a lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec By having ties severed with France, the French spoken in Quebec definitively separated from the French spoken in metropolitan France. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Efforts have been made to preserve the primacy of the French language in Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Most visible minorities in Quebec live in or near Montreal. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec (Stadaconé, today, the city of Quebec), in 1534. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec houses an Acadian community spread out across several regions. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec has an advanced, market-based, and open economy. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec However, only 40% of the mineral potential of Quebec is currently known. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Because of this, Quebec has been described as a potential clean energy superpower. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec It is estimated that, in 2010, Quebec welcomed 25.8 million tourists. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Theatre in Montreal, the Trident Theatre in Quebec City, etc. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Mavis Gallant, born in Quebec, lived in Paris from the 1950s onward. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Today there are over 700 different cheeses in Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Sports in Quebec constitutes an essential dimension of Quebec culture. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec is often said to possess the most beautiful churches in North America. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Finally, the Great Seal of Quebec is used to authenticate documents issued by the governmnent of Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Festivities occur on June 23 and 24 all over Quebec. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Quebec and the UK currently share the same head of state. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec [they are] provided with exterior and interior rounded surfaces, and are somewhat elongated transversely. Thereby, a snug fit is obtained and at the same time ample provision is given for movement of one on the other without coming out when the fastener is flexed transversely. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Zipper In Sundback's invention the teeth are symmetric with "exterior and interior rounded surfaces" that are "elongated transversely". The teeth have a material part ("external projection") and a space ("internal recess"). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Zipper In 1985, a lounge in the Château Laurier was named in her honour. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Zoé Laurier The area is commonly referred to as "the Old City" or "Quebec's Old City" in English. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Old Quebec The proposal was rejected by 60 percent of the Quebec electorate. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? We have had a constitution since before the American revolution." --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement I do not think that Quebec is divisible. And if ever we were to go there, and end up in that situation, I know the question would be asked. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement Viva la Quebec!" (Spanish for "Long live Sherman! --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec sovereignty movement All surfaces should be cleaned to remove paint, oil, or plant growth. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Stucco Wheelchairs can be propelled most easily on surfaces that are hard, stable, and regular. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Tactile paving The deamalgamation did not affect Des Ruisseaux, which remains within Mont-Laurier. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mont-Laurier In 1940, a road from Mont-Laurier to Abitibi was built. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Mont-Laurier Their brother, Marian, would follow and also sign with Quebec in the summer of 1981. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Nordiques The following year Quebec chose first again, taking Owen Nolan. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec Nordiques The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Quebec County, Quebec While Laurier's colours remain, it ended its affiliation with Western in 1960. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier's Waterloo Campus is located in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Laurier (name) Laurier is often considered one of the country's greatest statesmen. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier was among the seventh generation of his family in Canada. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier Catholic priests in Quebec repeatedly warned their parishioners not to vote for Liberals. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier However, Laurier's last policies and efforts had not been in vain. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier However, Laurier's last policies and efforts had not been in vain. As a result of Laurier's opposition of conscription in 1917, Quebec and its French-Canadian voters voted overwhelmingly to support the Liberal party starting in 1917. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Wilfrid Laurier MacLatchy said of the meeting that it "does not reflect the values and practices to which Laurier aspires". --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Lindsay Shepherd It is located in Quebec City, Quebec (in what was formerly the city of Sainte-Foy). --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Laurier Québec Though Galeries de la Capitale is the biggest mall in the city in terms of area, Laurier Quebec remains the largest by number of tenants. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Laurier Québec In 1964, an expansion occurred in both extremities of Place Laurier. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Laurier Québec Both superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces have been used as self-cleaning materials. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Self-cleaning surfaces This mechanism is very different than the aforementioned superhydrophobic surfaces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Self-cleaning surfaces The template was then removed by dissolving the aluminum and producing either nanoemboss or nanofiber surfaces. --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) Self-cleaning surfaces The following are some notable appointees into the National Order of Quebec: --- (0.12, 0.0, 0.12) National Order of Quebec As is the case with Alaska, most of the land in Quebec is very sparsely populated. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Lake Mistassini is the largest natural lake in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The tundra covers more than 24% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The taiga covers about 20% of the total area of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec However, in 1774, the Quebec Act more or less restores the lands back to the size they were before the conquest. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec However, the Quebec government does not recognize the ruling of this council, resulting in a boundary dispute. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec At this point in time, companies rarely recognized the majority language of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Liberal Party of Quebec then returned to power in April 2014. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Between 2020 and 2021, Quebec took measures to protect itself against the COVID-19 pandemic. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The lieutenant governor is the Queen's representative within the State of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec More than 2,500 sites in Quebec today are protected areas. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec It establishes the values and foundations on which Quebec society bases its cohesion and its specificity. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Quebec premier is part of the Council of the Federation, which allows it to participate proactively in the federation. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Agriculture in Quebec has been subject to agricultural zoning regulations since 1978. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Because of these protests, Quebec's tuition fees remain relatively low today. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec law is the set of laws which are applied on the Québécois territory. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec law can be divided into 2 spheres: private law and public law. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Finally, Quebec, like the federal government, has tax law power. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Then, in the middle, there is the Superior Court of Quebec, the general court of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The indigenous communities of Quebec have their own police forces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The RCMP has the power to enforce certain federal laws in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Thus, creating the need for the colonists to "unify their patois" ("unite their dialects") and creating Quebec French. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Anglophones in Quebec have several institutions and infrastructural systems. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Three families of aboriginal languages exist in Quebec, which encompass eleven languages. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The indigenous peoples of Quebec have inhabited the region for several millennia. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The credit rating of Quebec is currently Aa2 according to the Moody's agency. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec's economy has undergone tremendous changes over the last decade. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The knowledge sector represents about 30.9% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This industry employs 68,000 people in several regions of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec It accounts for 8% of the Quebec's GDP and generate $19.2 billion. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Though Quebec exports much internationally, Quebec's main economic partner remains the rest of Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec is remarkable for the natural resources of its vast territory. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The vast majority (90.5%) of Quebec's forests are publicly owned. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Quebec forest area covers seven degrees of latitude. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Finally, Quebec is the theatre where many international events take place. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec has the most registered electric vehicles of any Canadian province (2019) --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec ranks among the world leaders in the field of life science. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The education system of Quebec differs from those of other Canadian provinces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Health and social services in Quebec are integrated within the same administration. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec is a free and democratic society that abides by the rule of law. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Several movie theatres across Quebec ensure the dissemination of Quebec cinema. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec is the biggest maple syrup producer on the planet. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec has produced beer since the beginning of colonization especially with the emergence of spruce beer. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec is home to a number of unique holidays and traditions not found anywhere else. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec In 1658, the apostolic vicariate of Quebec was founded, followed by the Archdiocese of Quebec in 1674. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec This was because the English immigrants who came to certain regions of Quebec followed this religion. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Iris versicolor, the floral emblem of Quebec since 1999. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The snowy owl, the avian emblem of Quebec since 1987. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec It was selected by the Québécois government to symbolize Quebec's winters and northern climate. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The yellow birch, the tree emblem of Quebec since 1993. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec However, the white admiral was never accepted by the Government of Quebec as an official symbol. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec possesses a network of 32 offices in 18 countries. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Many of Quebec's national companies have expanded outside of Quebec for various reasons. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec French is the official language of Quebec. Québécois French is the most widely used variant. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec (free Quebec!) by Armand Vaillancourt in San Francisco. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec The Quebec Conference on Canadian Confederation was held in the city in 1864. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City The Second Quebec Conference was held in 1944, and was attended by Churchill and Roosevelt. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City The Parliament Building, the meeting place of the Parliament of Quebec, is also near the Citadelle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City This compares with 5.2% in the province of Quebec, and 5.6% for Canada overall. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City The Orleans Island Bridge links Quebec City with pastoral Orleans Island. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec City Quebec sovereignty is politically opposed to the competing ideology of Canadian federalism. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Another rationale is based on resentment of anti-Quebec sentiment. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Nonetheless, the constitution is integral to the political and legal systems used in Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement The Quiet Revolution in Quebec brought widespread change in the 1960s. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association was proposed to the population of Quebec in the 1980 Quebec referendum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Experts debated whether Quebec was a "distinct society" or "unique culture". --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement The other nine provinces of Canada have generally been opposed to Quebec sovereignty. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion.” --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement (Spanish for "Long live Sherman! Long live Quebec!") and unfurling a banner depicting Sherman as a beaver. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec sovereignty movement Detectable warning surfaces include both truncated domes and tactile bars. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Tactile paving Mont-Laurier has a humid continental climate (Dfb). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mont-Laurier Mont-Laurier is one of the largest municipalities in Quebec in terms of area. It is the seat of Antoine-Labelle Regional County Municipality and the judicial district of Labelle. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Mont-Laurier In 1984–85, Montreal and Quebec battled for the Adams Division championship. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Nordiques They picked junior star Eric Lindros, even though he had let it be known well in advance that he would never play for Quebec. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec Nordiques Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Quebec County, Quebec In late 2017, Laurier estimated a total of over 3,000 students. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier University It was the sixth Yates Cup victory for Laurier in its history. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier University Quebec's territory is divided into 125 electoral districts (ridings). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National Assembly of Quebec Their surfaces can adhere to any type of material with the exception of Teflon (PTFE). --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Gecko feet Laurier was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from Drummond-Arthabaska in the 1871 Quebec general election, but resigned on 19 January 1874, to enter federal politics in the riding of Quebec East. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier He was an influential opponent of conscription, which led to the Conscription Crisis of 1917 and the formation of a Union government, which Laurier refused to join for fear of having Quebec fall in the hands of nationalist Henri Bourassa. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier The 1876 Italianate residence of the Lauriers during his years as a lawyer and Member of Parliament, in Victoriaville, Quebec, is designated Wilfrid Laurier House National Historic Site, owned privately and operated as the Laurier Museum. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier This followed the enactment of the Yukon Territory Act by the Laurier Government in 1898, separating the Yukon from the Northwest Territories. Laurier presided over the Quebec Bridge disaster, in which 75 workers were killed, on 29 August 1907. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Wilfrid Laurier According to the 2010 census, Laurier had one permanent resident. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Laurier, Washington Superhydrophilicity allows for surfaces to clean away a wide variety of dirt or debris. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Self-cleaning surfaces Papillose epidermis cells carpet the exterior of a plant, particularly the leaf. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Self-cleaning surfaces Plasma treatment of surfaces is essentially a dry etching of the surface. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Self-cleaning surfaces SEM is used to examine morphology of fabricated surfaces, enabling the comparison of natural surfaces with synthetic surfaces. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Self-cleaning surfaces Carbon nanotubes have also been used to create surfaces similar to rice leaves. --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) Self-cleaning surfaces René Lévesque , 23rd Premier of Quebec, appointed posthumously 2008 --- (0.11, 0.0, 0.11) National Order of Quebec Quebec is also the home of the Québécois, recognized as a nation by both the provincial and federal governments. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Between 1534 and 1763, Quebec was called Canada and was the most developed colony in New France. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec More than 95% of Quebec's territory lies within the Canadian Shield. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec According to the Köppen climate classification, Quebec has three main climate regions. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Canadian boreal forest covers 27% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec From the first people who settled on the lands of Quebec, various ethnocultural groups emerged. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the Compagnie des Cent-Associés. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 1690, the Battle of Quebec became the first time Québec's defenses were tested. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec However, its military troops failed to defeat the British counteroffensive during its Invasion of Quebec in 1775. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec This drastically reduced the Province of Quebec's size; its southwest borders now ended at the Great Lakes. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec, economically weakened, would have to face political competition from Ottawa, the capital of the strongly centralizing federal state. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 1974, it enacted Bill 22, which made French the official language of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Government of Quebec awards an order of merit called the National Order of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec's international policy is founded upon the Gérin-Lajoie doctrine, formulated in 1965. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec These standards are as strict as those of California (United States), according to the Government of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The main Québécois courts are the: Quebec Court of Appeal, Superior Court of Quebec and Court of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec This means that it hears appeals coming from the Superior Court, the Court of Quebec and several administrative courts. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Civil division also includes the Small claims court of Quebec, a small claims division. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In total, the Quebec judicial system has more than 500 judges. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 2016, Quebec's median age was 41.2 years old. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec A considerable number of Quebec residents consider themselves to be bilingual in French and English. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Then, Quebec French's evolution was affected by the French court due to the arrival of the King's daughters. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec These anglophones, sometimes called Anglo-Québécois, constitute the second largest linguistic group in Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Almost 9% of the population of Quebec belongs to a visible minority group. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The ten Amerindian ethnic groups in Quebec are linked to two linguistic groups. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Because this extension was enacted without the participation of the federal government, the extended Indigenous rights only exist in Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The monument symbolizes and explains the predominant role that the Acadians and their descendants played in the history of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The economy of Quebec represents 20.36% of the total GDP of Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec is one of North America's leading high-tech players. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec These international exchanges contribute to the strength of the Quebec economy, most particularly in terms of employment. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec As Quebec has few significant deposits of fossil fuels, all hydrocarbons are imported. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec is in 2nd place for child care services (2019) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec possess approximately 140 hospitals for general or specialised care (CHSGS). --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The cabarets radically transformed the artistic scene, greatly influencing the live entertainment industry of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The podorythmie is a characteristic of traditional Quebec music and means giving the rhythm with the feet. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Being a modern cosmopolitan society, today, all types of music can be found in Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The First Nations and the Inuit of Quebec also have their own traditional music. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The Cinémathèque québécoise has a mandate to promote the film and television heritage of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Nevertheless, Catholicism still represents the beliefs of 75% of the Quebec population in 2011. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Protestantism, a practice consisting of reformed catholicism, has been present in Quebec for a long time. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec In 1998, the Montreal Insectarium sponsored a poll to choose an official insect for Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec When it comes to other countries, Quebec usually has associations for specific countries that it is interested in maintaining relationships with. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec, like other Canadian provinces, also maintains representatives in some Canadian embassies and consulates general. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec The earliest immigrants to the Canadian prairies were French Canadians from Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Most Franco-Albertans, Fransaskois and Franco-Manitobans are descended from these emigrants from Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Some tried to slow the Grande Hémorragie by redirecting people north, which resulted in the founding of many regions in Quebec (ex. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec Laurier's government was also subsidizing the Grand Trunk Railway's Pacific Line. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Château Laurier Russell House (Ottawa) – the Château Laurier succeeded the Russell as Ottawa's premier hotel --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Château Laurier CGS Lady Laurier, a Canadian Coast Guard ship was christened after her. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Zoé Laurier In 1985, a lounge in the Château Laurier was named in her honour. The lounge overlooks Rideau Street. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Zoé Laurier During World War II, two conferences were held in Quebec City. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City This was one of several municipal mergers which took place across Quebec on that date. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City It has now replaced the Colisée Pepsi as the main multifunctional arena in Quebec City. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City List of regional county municipalities and equivalent territories in Quebec --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec City Additionally, those in favour Canadian federalism denounce Quebec separation as a 'Balkanization' of Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement There is an undercurrent of feeling amongst "ethnic" and "anglo" voters that sometimes surfaces as a desire to separate from Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Fédération des travailleurs et travailleuses du Québec (Federation of Quebec workers) --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement In Axis Powers Hetalia, Canada's nightmare features an independent Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec is an independent country in the 2090s, although it is not mentioned whether it remained an independent entity or seceded from a Canadian union. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec sovereignty movement Galvanizing the wire made it corrosion resistant and suitable for exterior wall applications. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stucco Modern stucco is used as an exterior cement plaster wall covering. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stucco The final, exterior layer is the "finish coat", of which there are two recommended types: --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stucco Without proper guttering, water may splash up onto stuccoed surfaces, staining and accelerating the deterioration of the finish. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Stucco Detectable Warning Surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent walking surfaces either light-on-dark, or dark-on-light." --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Tactile paving Mont-Laurier (French pronunciation: ​[mɔ̃ loʁje]) is a town and incorporated municipality in northwest Quebec, Canada, located on the banks of the Rivière du Lièvre, a tributary of the Ottawa River. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mont-Laurier According to the Canada 2006 Census, the population of Mont-Laurier is 13,405. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Mont-Laurier The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. The county seat was Loretteville. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec County, Quebec Deschamps, C.E. (1896). Municipalities and Parishes in the Province of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Quebec County, Quebec Laurier has been transitioning from a primarily undergraduate university to a mid-size research university. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier University The internationally renowned Faculty of Music at Laurier is considered one of the best in the country,. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier University The faculty also attracts a greater percentage of students from outside Ontario than any other faculty at Laurier. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier University The only exception is Chomedey in the south, which voted overwhelmingly to not separate in the 1995 Quebec referendum. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Laval, Quebec The National Assembly was formerly the lower house of Quebec's legislature and was then called the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Assembly of Quebec Its façade presents a pantheon representing significant events and people of the history of Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Assembly of Quebec A 2011 Maclean's historical ranking of the Prime Ministers placed Laurier first. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier's portrait has been displayed on the Canadian five-dollar note since 1972. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier The second child of Carolus Laurier and Marcelle Martineau, Wilfrid Laurier was born in Saint-Lin, Canada East (modern day Saint-Lin-Laurentides, Quebec), on 20 November 1841. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier attended the Collège de L'Assomption and graduated in law from McGill University in 1864. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier led Canada during a period of rapid growth, industrialization, and immigration. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier "In August 1911, Wilfrid Laurier approved the order-in-council P.C. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Aiming for compromise, Laurier advanced the Naval Service Act of 1910 which created the Naval Service of Canada. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier The idea was lauded at the 1911 Imperial Conference in London, but it proved unpopular across the political spectrum in Canada, especially in Quebec as ex-Liberal Henri Bourassa organized an anti-Laurier force. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier The Sir Wilfrid Laurier National Historic Site is in his birthplace, Saint-Lin-Laurentides, a town 60 km (37 mi) north of Montreal, Quebec. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Sir Wilfrid Laurier Day is observed each year on 20 November, --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier The Laurier Heights neighbourhood, including Laurier Drive and Laurier Heights School, in Edmonton, Alberta --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier was among the seventh generation of his family in Canada. He was a sixth-generation Canadian. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier As a result of Laurier's opposition of conscription in 1917, Quebec and its French-Canadian voters voted overwhelmingly to support the Liberal party starting in 1917. Despite one notable exception in 1958, the Liberal party continued to dominate federal politics in Quebec until 1984. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Wilfrid Laurier Despite the merger, Paquet and Syndicat retained their respective stores at Place Laurier. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Laurier Québec They were shortly joined by a Paquet store. In 1964, an expansion occurred in both extremities of Place Laurier. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Laurier Québec Control over surface wettability is a critical aspect of self-cleaning surfaces. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Self-cleaning surfaces Superhydrophobic self-cleaning surfaces also have low sliding angles which allows for water that is collected on the surface to easily be removed, commonly by gravity. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Self-cleaning surfaces A droplet of solvent, typically water for hydrophobic surfaces, is placed perpendicular to the surface. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) Self-cleaning surfaces Any person born, living, or who has lived in Quebec, save for anyone serving as a Member of the National Assembly of Quebec, is eligible to be nominated and names may be submitted posthumously. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Order of Quebec Admission recognizes conspicuous meritorious actions that improve or support Quebec and/or its language and culture. --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Order of Quebec Daniel Johnson Jr. , 25th Premier of Quebec, appointed 2008 --- (0.1, 0.0, 0.1) National Order of Quebec Quebec (, sometimes ; French: Québec [kebɛk] (listen)) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's substantial natural resources, notably exploited in hydroelectricity, forestry, and mining, have also long been a mainstay. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Most of Quebec's population lives in this area of vegetation, almost entirely along the banks of the Saint Lawrence. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Around this time, instructions are issued to the colony of Newfoundland, requiring them to supervise Labrador's coasts, even though Labrador belongs to the Province of Quebec not Newfoundland. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec also has sea borders with Nunavut and France (via Saint Pierre and Miquelon). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec This helped slow the Grande Hémorragie by allowing Quebec to export its finished products to the US instead of its labour force. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Afterwards, in 1910, Armand Lavergne passed the Loi Lavergne, the first language legislation in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec During the Second Vatican Council, the reform of Quebec's institutions was overseen and supported by the Holy See. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Before then, Quebec was the only province to de facto practice institutional English-French bilinguilism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has 78 members of Parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Quebec political spectrum includes - among other dimensions - the theme of the political and constitutional status of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The population of Quebec seems to be more sensitive to environmental issues than the population of other Canadian provinces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The economic structure of each of these provinces could be one explanation: "Quebec does not produce petroleum, but mainly hydroelectricity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec law is made up of the Constitution of Canada, the laws of the Quebec Legislature and the rules related to legislating. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec administrative law is the area of law that governs relations between individuals and the Quebec public administration. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec First, it is the general court of appeal for première instance judgements in Quebec Law. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Demographic weight: Quebec accounts for a little under 23% of the Canadian population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when, back then, it was 28% of the population. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Replacement rates being below 2,1 is a something that is becoming the norm across the world, and is already the norm in industrialised regions like Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec In Quebec, couples where both parents work are far more likely to have children than couples where only one parent works or none of them do. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The British conquest of 1759 turned the evolution of French in Quebec and North America upside down. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec There are also people in Quebec who will naturally speak using Standard Québécois or Joual, both of which are considered sociolects rather than regional accents. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec For the 2017-2018 period, Quebec's budget was C$103,7 billion. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec's economy has traditionally been fuelled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and average productivity. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The abundance of natural resources gives Quebec an advantageous position on the world market. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Unlike most other regions of the world, Quebec stands out for its use of renewable energy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is the 3rd most attractive province for investment from the mining industry (2016) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec is in 8th place for the general performance of its healthcare system (2019) --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Overall, the province of Quebec count about 125 scientific publications per 100,000 inhabitants in 2009. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Canadian Space Agency was established in Quebec due to its major role in this research field. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Today, this education system is administered by the government of Quebec's Ministry of Education and Higher Education. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has developed its own unique culture from its historic New France roots. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec It supports creation, innovation, production, and international exhibits for all cultural fields of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Government of Quebec cites five statements that represent the key values of Québécois society: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Currently, the song Gens du pays is by far preferred by many Quebecers to be the national anthem of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The first to write the history of Quebec, since its discovery, was the historian François-Xavier Garneau. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The regional novel from Quebec is called Terroir novel and is a literary tradition specific to the province. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Montreal School of Fine Arts forms the painters, printmakers and sculptors of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec "As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Association Quebecoise des Loisirs Folkloriques is an organization committed to preserving and disseminating Quebec's folklore heritage. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Several holy men and women from Quebec have been recognized for their venerable actions and canonized as saints: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Je me souviens ("I remember") was first carved under the coat of arms of Quebec's Parliament Building in 1883. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec has a historied relationship with France as it was a part of the French Empire and both regions share a language. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The Fédération France-Québec and the francophonie are a few of the tools used for relations between Quebec and France. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Quebec and New Brunswick are the only Canadian provinces that are members of the Francophonie. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The world of song in Quebec has a modest size and impact at the international level. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec The popular and long-running song competition Star Académie has created many celebrities, including some that originate from outside of Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. Festivities occur on June 23 and 24 all over Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec They are hard to open and close because the zipper anvil must bend apart teeth that are being held under tension. They can also be derailed (and damage the sealing surfaces) if the teeth are misaligned while straining to pull the zipper shut. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Zipper The main dining room (now the Laurier Room) overlooks Major's Hill Park. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Château Laurier In 2018, the hotel was the setting of the dramatic web series Chateau Laurier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Château Laurier DuVillage, a specialty cheesemaker, has a soft cheese called "Lady Laurier d'Arthabaska". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Zoé Laurier The couple lived at Arthabaskaville until they moved to Ottawa in 1896. Ultimately, their union was childless, to Laurier's dismay. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Zoé Laurier On 17 February 1919, Laurier died. Lafontaine outlived her husband by nearly two years. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Zoé Laurier CGS Lady Laurier, a Canadian Coast Guard ship was christened after her. The ship operated between 1902–1960. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Zoé Laurier Old Quebec is serviced by Gare du Palais train and bus station. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Old Quebec Old Quebec is 16 km east of Quebec's Jean Lesage International Airport. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Old Quebec Quebec City is one of the oldest European cities in North America. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City For example, the concept of "in Quebec" is expressed as "à Québec" for the city and "au Québec" for the province. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the French Company of One Hundred Associates. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City Amid fears of another American attack on Quebec City, construction of the Citadelle of Quebec began in 1820. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City The climate of Quebec City is classified as humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfb).Quebec --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City There are 37 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec City and its enclaves. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City Quebec is the only large city in Canada along with Halifax lacking a public greenhouse. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City Children under five accounted for approximately 4.7% of the resident population of Quebec City. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec City However, only eighteen months later, the PQ was defeated by the Liberal Party of Quebec in the 2014 election. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Regardless of Quebec government's refusal to approve the 1982 constitutional amendment because the promised reforms were not implemented, the amendment went into effect. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec is, today and forever, a distinct society, free and able to assume its destiny and its development." --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Although Quebec independence is a political question, cultural concerns are also at the root of the desire for independence. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement With few exceptions (they) wish to enjoy their right to self-government within Canada, not within a sovereign Quebec. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement In the event of having to compete against Quebec, rather than support it, Canada could easily maintain its well-established links with the United States to prosper in foreign trade. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement However, The Innu, Attikamek, Algonquin and Abenaki nations did partially support Quebec sovereignty. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement It is widely considered by sovereignists as an illegitimate piece of legislation, who asserted that Quebec alone had the right to determine its terms of secession. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement This feeling is exemplified by the statement — "If Canada is divisible, then so is Quebec" made by federalists in 1995 or "If Quebec can separate from Canada, then we can separate from Quebec". --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement In contemporary times most mainstream political parties in Quebec deny or refuse to comment on the idea that Quebec can be divided up. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement President Bill Clinton, a guest at the garden party, is called away to deal with Quebec 'getting the bomb'. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec sovereignty movement Cracks may form in the stucco due to building settling or direct damage to the exterior coating. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Stucco These standards require detectable warning surfaces in prescribed locations, such as on the slopes of pedestrian curb cuts/curb ramps, exterior and interior ramps, at the top of stairs and on landings, and at the edge of rail platforms. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Tactile paving The name was changed in 1909 to honour Canadian Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mont-Laurier Mont-Laurier is the administrative and commercial centre of the Haute-Lievre area. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mont-Laurier In 1940, a road from Mont-Laurier to Abitibi was built. This facilitated the growth of the trucking industry. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Mont-Laurier They bought the team after the American Hockey League team, the Quebec Aces moved south to Richmond, Virginia. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Nordiques Quebec City was by far the smallest market in the NHL; at the time, it was dwarfed by the next-smallest market, Winnipeg. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Nordiques The only English-language newspaper was the weekly Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Quebec Nordiques It is named in honour of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, the seventh Prime Minister of Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier's music program offers the only master's degree in Music Therapy. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier was named Canada's Best Music Campus by CBC Radio in 2013. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier's Brantford Campus is located in Brantford, Ontario, approximately 50 km south of the campus in Waterloo. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University In summer, Laurier was operating the Enriched Academic Program (LEAP) day camp. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University The university is represented in Canadian Interuniversity Sport by the Wilfrid Laurier Golden Hawks. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University It operates the Fred Nichols Campus Centre in Waterloo as well as the Students' Centre on Laurier's Brantford Campus. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier University 07:28 EDT: T+13:20:49 APUs are activated to power the shuttle's control surfaces --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) STS-114 Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec elections have also tended to be volatile since the 1970s, producing a large turnover in Assembly seats. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Assembly of Quebec Most gecko species, including the crested gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus), can climb walls and other surfaces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gecko feet Replicating the self-cleaning attribute that naturally occurs when gecko feet accumulate particles from an exterior surface between setae. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Gecko feet Canada's first francophone prime minister, Laurier holds a number of records. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier By 1909, Laurier had been able to build the Liberal Party a base in Quebec, which had remained a Conservative stronghold for decades due to the province's social conservatism and to the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, which distrusted the Liberals' anti-clericalism. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier opposed the remedial legislation on the basis of provincial rights and succeeded in blocking its passage by Parliament. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier In 1911, another controversy arose regarding Laurier's support of trade reciprocity with the United States. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier The Conservatives were victorious and Robert Laird Borden succeeded Laurier as Prime Minister. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier Wilfrid Laurier married Zoé Lafontaine in Montreal on 13 May 1868. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier died of a stroke on 17 February 1919, while still in office as Leader of the Opposition. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier His wife, Zoé Laurier, died on 1 November 1921 and was placed in the same tomb. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier Wilfrid Laurier advised the Governor General to appoint the following individuals to the Supreme Court of Canada: --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier The second child of Carolus Laurier and Marcelle Martineau, Wilfrid Laurier was born in Saint-Lin, Canada East (modern day Saint-Lin-Laurentides, Quebec), on 20 November 1841. Laurier was among the seventh generation of his family in Canada. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier I must get back to work. "In August 1911, Wilfrid Laurier approved the order-in-council P.C. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier was named for Sir Wilfrid Laurier, prime minister of Canada from 1896 to 1911. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Laurier, Washington In early 2018, Shepherd founded the Laurier Society for Open Inquiry (LSOI). --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Lindsay Shepherd Laurier Québec (formerly called and still commonly referred to as Place Laurier) is one of Canada's largest shopping malls. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Laurier Québec The majority of self-cleaning surfaces can be placed into three categories: 1) Superhydrophobic, 2) Superhydrophilic, and 3) Photocatalytic. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Self-cleaning surfaces Further, the ease of this methodology enables translation to mass replication of nano-structured surfaces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Self-cleaning surfaces AFM is also used to characterize adhesion and friction properties for micro- and nano-patterned superhydrophobic surfaces. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Self-cleaning surfaces SEM is used to examine morphology of fabricated surfaces, enabling the comparison of natural surfaces with synthetic surfaces. The size of nanotopography can be measured. --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) Self-cleaning surfaces Claire Bonenfant , president of the Quebec Status of Women Council, appointed 1991 --- (0.09, 0.0, 0.09) National Order of Quebec Quebec's official language is French, with 94.6% of the province's population reporting knowledge of the language. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Furthermore, unlike in the rest of Canada, law in Quebec is mixed: private law is exercised under a civil-law system, while public law is exercised under a common-law system. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The name originally referred to the area around Quebec City where the Saint Lawrence River narrows to a cliff-lined gap. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has one of the world's largest reserves of fresh water, occupying 12% of its surface. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Saint Lawrence River with its estuary forms the basis of Quebec's development through the centuries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec It is rich in the forestry, mineral and hydro-electric resources that are a mainstay of the Quebec economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Appalachian region of Quebec has a narrow strip of ancient mountains along the southeastern border of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In between, it covers in Quebec near 800 km (497 mi), from the Montérégie hills to the Gaspé Peninsula. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The four calendar seasons in Quebec are spring, summer, autumn and winter, with conditions differing by region. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is divided into four climatic zones: arctic, subarctic, humid continental and East maritime. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Many more species of land, maritime or avian wildlife are seen in Quebec, but most of the Quebec-specific species and the most commonly seen species are listed above. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Given the geology of the province and its different climates, there is an established number of large areas of vegetation in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The total forest area of Quebec is estimated at 750,300 km2 (289,700 sq mi). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The citizens of the Province of Canada are free to divide back into two entities, and while Canada West is renamed Ontario, Canada East is renamed Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Five days later, the king's lieutenant and Lord of Ramezay concluded the Articles of Capitulation of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec was established to admit Canadiens - that is to say faithful Catholics - to civil and governmental functions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec On July 15, 1867, Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau became Quebec's first Premier. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1962, the government of Quebec nationalized its electricity and dismanteled the financial syndicates of Saint Jacques Street. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec To favour Quebec during its Quiet Revolution, Canada, through Lester B. Pearson, adopted a policy of open federalism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 1975, it established the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms and the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec After these failed attempts, Daniel Johnson of the Liberal Party of Quebec briefly seized power as the 25th Premier of Quebec in 1994. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly of Quebec voted unanimously to affirm "that the people of Québec form a nation". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is founded on the Westminster system, and is both a liberal democracy and a constitutional monarchy with parliamentary regime. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Executive Council (or Council of Ministers), chaired by the premier, is the primary body for executive power in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec At the level of the Senate of Canada, Quebec is represented by 24 senators, which are appointed on the advice of the prime minister of Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is the only Canadian province that has set up a ministry to exclusively embody the state's powers for matters of international relations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Since 2006, Quebec has adopted a green plan in order to meet the objectives of the Kyoto Protocol regarding climate change. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Automobile manufacturers who sell vehicles in Quebec have to comply with an emission ceiling of 187 g of GHG/km. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Immigration to Quebec is supported by integration programs favouring French, as it is the common language, as well as the principles of pluralism and interculturalism. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's health and social services network is administered by the Ministry of Health and Social Services. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec However, since the two have always been very influential in Quebec law, with much crossover, the Québécois judicial system is considered to be mixed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec law comes from the four classic sources of law: legislation, case law, doctrine and customary law. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Private law in Quebec affects all relationships between individuals (natural or juridical persons) and is largely under the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec constitutional law is the area of law that governs the rules surrounding the Quebec government, the Parliament of Quebec and Quebec's various courts. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec also has some jurisdiction over criminal law, but in a limited fashion, since the Parliament of Canada is responsible for criminal law. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec At the bottom, there are the municipal courts, tribunal des professions, tribunal des droits de la personne, tribunaux administratifs, Court of Quebec, etc. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Superior Court of Quebec has the inherent power to rule on all cases other than those whose jurisdiction is assigned to another instance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In addition, the Court of Quebec is made up of three chambers: the Youth Division, the Criminal and Penal Division and the Civil Division. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Finally, Quebec has a large number of administrative tribunals responsible for seeing to the application of one or more laws. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec According to Quebec's age pyramid, the most numerous generation is the baby-boomers that are between 54 and 74 years of age. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is unique among the provinces in its overwhelmingly Roman Catholic population, though recently with a low church attendance. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Today, Canada is estimated to be home to between 32 and 36 regional French accents, 17 of which can be found in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec After the conquest of 1759, this reality became more brutal for Quebec, which now had to avoid assimilation by the British Empire's regime and survive culturally as well as linguistically. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Still today, as French's demographic weight on the continent and in Canada continues to decline, Quebec faces the threat of assimilation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Such efforts include: enstating the Charter of the French language, Quebec's participation in the Francophonie since 1971, French immigration to Quebec, etc. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec English made its first appearance in Quebec in 1760, when the British invaded and conquered Canada (New France). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec At the school level, anglophones in Quebec have several school boards grouped together into the Association des commissions scolaire anglophones du Québec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In the 2016 census, 1,124,020 people declared having an immigrant language as their mother tongue in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The eleventh indigenous ethnic group in Quebec, the Inuit (or, obsolete, the Eskimos), belong to the Inuit-Aleut family. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec An Acadian community in Quebec can be called a "Cadie" or "Petite Cadie", and some cities and villages use the demonym "Cadien". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec There, Québécois and Acadians from all corners of Quebec and other neighbouring lands mingle to celebrate Acadian culture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The economy of Quebec is ranked the 37th largest economy in the world just behind Greece and 28th for the GDP per capita. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The provincial GDP in 2010 was C$319,348 billion, making Quebec the second largest economy in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 2008, Quebec imported $178-billion worth of goods and services, or 58.6% of its GDP. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In 2003, the value of mineral exploitation reached Quebec 3.7 billion Canadian dollars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec More than a million lakes and rivers cover Quebec, occupying 21% of the total area of its territory. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Over time, Quebec pivots more and more towards renewable energy; in 2017, 47% of all energy came from renewable sources. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The tourism industry is a major economic pillar in Quebec, being the 5th largest export class. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These employees work in the more than 29,000 tourism-related businesses in Quebec, most of which are restaurants or hotels. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Annually, tourists spend more than $6.7 billion in the different spheres of Quebec's tourism industry. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec possesses 21 tourism regions and their development is taken care of by an autonomous network of regional tourism associations. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec produces most of Canada's hydroelectricity and is the 2nd biggest hydroelectricity producer in the world (2019) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The government hoped to create a strong culture of innovation in Quebec for the next decades and to create a sustainable economy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is also active in the development of its energy industries, including renewable energy such as hydropower and wind power. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The contribution of Quebec in science and technology represent approximately 1% of the researches worldwide since the 1980s to 2009. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec All universities in Quebec exist by virtue of laws adopted by the National Assembly of Quebec in 1967 during the Quiet Revolution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec A number of governmental and non-government organizations support cultural activity in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Moulin à paroles traces the great texts that have shaped the history of Quebec since its foundation in 1534 until the era of modernity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Well-known English-language writers from Quebec include Leonard Cohen, Mordecai Richler, and Neil Bissoondath. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Presented outdoors under a tent or in venues similar to the Montreal Casino, the circuses attract large crowds both in Quebec and abroad. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Strongly influenced by the presence of the Catholic Church, the development of the religious history of Quebec is provided by organizations like the Council of the religious heritage of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec is most famous for its Tourtière, Pâté Chinois, Poutine, St. Catherine's taffy among others. " --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec About 72% of the maple syrup sold on the international market (and 90% of the maple syrup sold in Canada) originates from Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec also produces a great number of high-quality wines including ice wine and ice cider. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's French-speaking populace has the second largest body of folktales in Canada (the first being First Nations). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Many of Quebec's artists have been educated in universities' arts faculties and specialized art schools. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Gala les Olivier, in honour of the former humorist Olivier Guimond, rewards the personalities of Quebec comedy. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The internationally renowned designers who do business in Quebec are mainly concentrated in Les Cours Mont-Royal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec St-Jean-Baptiste Day is Quebec's national holiday and is one of Quebec's biggest holidays. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The influence of the Church began to wane a hundred years later, when, after the Grande Noirceur, Quebec society was profoundly transformed by the Quiet Revolution. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Another important place of worship in Quebec is the anglican Holy Trinity Cathedral, which was erected between 1800 and 1804. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Fleurdelisé replaced the Union Jack on Quebec's Parliament Building on January 21, 1948, and it has flown there ever since. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec International relationships-wise, Quebec's closest partner is the United States of America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In general, the climate of Quebec is cold and humid. The climate of the province is largely determined by its latitude, maritime and elevation influences. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. In that year, the Legislative Council was abolished and the Legislative Assembly was renamed the National Assembly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In that year, the Legislative Council was abolished and the Legislative Assembly was renamed the National Assembly. Quebec was the last province to abolish its legislative council. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The lieutenant governor is the Queen's representative within the State of Quebec. He or she has specific and symbolic powers. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec has 78 members of Parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of Canada. They are elected in federal elections. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec's national policy covers all areas relating to the Quebec nation. It establishes the values and foundations on which Quebec society bases its cohesion and its specificity. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec the separation of State and religionIn addition , Quebec defines itself as a free and democratic state of law. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec law is the set of laws which are applied on the Québécois territory. Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Legislation is the primary source in Quebec law. However, because private law is mostly exercised under a civil tradition, case law is also a strong source. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Finally, Quebec, like the federal government, has tax law power. Certain portions of Quebec law are considered mixed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec They can also all hear civil, criminal or constitutional law appeals. The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Then, in the middle, there is the Superior Court of Quebec, the general court of Quebec. An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. The main Québécois courts are the: Quebec Court of Appeal, Superior Court of Quebec and Court of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In Quebec, a lowered rate of giving birth has been mostly observed in people in their 20s. From 30 years of age and onwards, the rate is either increasing or stable. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec In Quebec, most people are owners of the property that they live in. The vast majority of couples with or without children are property owners. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Three families of aboriginal languages exist in Quebec, which encompass eleven languages. Each of these languages belong to and are spoken by members of a specific ethnic group. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The economy of Quebec represents 20.36% of the total GDP of Canada. Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The multimedia sector is also dominated by the province of Quebec. Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. It also stands for the exploitation of its forest resources. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The Mont Mégantic Observatory was recently equipped with this camera. Quebec ranks among the world leaders in the field of life science. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec It has many similarities with Acadian cuisine. Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. Quebec is often said to possess the most beautiful churches in North America. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Iris versicolor, the floral emblem of Quebec since 1999. It was chosen because it blooms around the time of Quebec's Fête nationale. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec The yellow birch, the tree emblem of Quebec since 1993. It was picked to emphasize the importance Québécois give to the forests. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec On this day, the song "Gens du pays", by Gilles Vigneault, is often heard. This song is commonly regarded as Quebec's unofficial anthem. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec This double-mated surface is good at retaining both vacuum and pressure, but the fit must be very tight, to press the surfaces together firmly. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Zipper Photographer Yousuf Karsh maintained his studio and residence at the Château Laurier for many years. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Château Laurier Old Quebec (French: Vieux-Québec) is a historic neighbourhood of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec Saint-Vallier Est Street, previously called Saint-Charles Street, the first paved road in Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec The Old Quebec heritage site is located in Quebec City although it is administratively recognized as a part of the borough La Cité-Limoilou. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec It has gained recognition as a part of Quebec's cultural heritage and is also among UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Old Quebec Quebec City ( (listen) or ; French: Ville de Québec), officially Québec ([kebɛk] (listen)), is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Informally, however, the accent is usually omitted in common usage, so the unofficial form "Quebec City" is used to distinguish the city from the province. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec was the headquarters of many raids against New England during the four French and Indian Wars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec City was built on the north bank of the Saint Lawrence River, where it narrows and meets the mouth of the Saint-Charles River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Much of the city's notable traditional architecture is located in Vieux-Québec (Old Quebec), within and below the fortifications. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Its bicycle and pedestrian paths then continues all the way to Old Quebec and then along the Saint-Charles River. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The historical significance of the park also lies in the former presence of the viceregal Government House of Quebec (1845–1966). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City According to Statistics Canada, 94.6% of Quebec City's population spoke French as their mother tongue. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec City co-hosted with Halifax, Nova Scotia, the 2008 IIHF World Championship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The Videotron Centre was built with the hope of getting an NHL franchise (relocation or expansion) in Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Quebec City holds the Coop FIS Cross-Country World Cup. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Along with the city's lesser support for Quebec sovereignty, this led political pundits to speculate about a "Quebec City mystery". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City Nonetheless, five of the six seats won by the Conservatives in the province were found in the greater Quebec City area. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The station is the eastern terminus of the railway's main Quebec City-Windsor Corridor. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The Port of Quebec is a seaport on the St. Lawrence with facilities in the first, fifth and sixth boroughs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The project was funded regardless of whether an NHL team arrives. It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec City The primary mainstream political vehicle for the movement is the Parti Québécois, which has governed Quebec on multiple occasions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In 2012 it was elected to a minority government, in which its leader, Pauline Marois, became the first female premier of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Also in practice, the term "Federalist" was used to define people who stood with and agreed with confederation in other words agreeing that Quebec should not be an independent country. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Moreover, many subscribe to the notion that without appropriately recognizing that the people of Quebec are culturally distinct, Quebec will remain chronically disadvantaged in favour of the English-Canadian majority. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Perhaps the most significant basis of support for Quebec's sovereignty movement lies in more recent political events. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement This event involved a "back-room" deal struck between Trudeau, representing the federal government, and all of the other provinces, save Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement To many in Quebec, the 1982 constitutional amendment without Quebec's approval is still viewed as a historic political wound. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Perceived as trickery in Quebec, the repatriation [sic] of 1982 has placed a time bomb in the political dynamics of this country". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The separatist Parti Québécois-led government of Quebec offered up comment actually taking the side of the Manitoba government, which was opposed to granting those rights. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement For a majority of Quebec politicians, whether sovereignist or not, the problem of Quebec's political status is considered unresolved to this day. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In 2005 they published their position statement, "Pour un Québec lucide", ("For a lucid Quebec") which details the problems facing Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a Mohawk from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement They argue that no annexation of them or their territory to an independent Quebec should take place without their consent, and that if Quebec has the right to leave Canada then the Cree people have the right to choose to keep their territory in Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec would have been a nation of 7 million people stuck between two impenetrable protectionist countries. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association as originally proposed would have meant that Quebec would become a politically independent state, but would maintain a formal association with Canada — especially regarding economic affairs. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereigntism and sovereignty are terms that refer to the modern movement in favour of the political independence of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement He achieved that goal in October 1968 when the MSA held its only national congress in Quebec City. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement They now support Quebec Autonomism: a decentralized view of the Canadian Confederation, and accept the 1995 "No" verdict; --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In other words, while the Quebec people vote to stay within Canada, France will officially support the Canadian Confederation the way it is. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In the movie, the Parti Québécois has formed the government of Quebec but Premier Gaston Belisle has repeatedly put off its promise to hold a referendum. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Wheelchair-bound Quebec separatists use a video so entertaining it leads to death to accomplish their goals of both Quebec independence and the end of the ONAN. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement In the roleplaying game Shadowrun, Quebec exists as a sovereign nation alongside the United Canadian American States and the Confederated American States. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereignty-association was proposed to the population of Quebec in the 1980 Quebec referendum. The proposal was rejected by 60 percent of the Quebec electorate. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement Bouchard did not accept his invitation; organizers did not invite Chrétien. Experts debated whether Quebec was a "distinct society" or "unique culture". --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion.” --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec sovereignty movement It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Stucco The difference from the American ADA standards is the two different types of tactile surfaces required. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tactile paving These standards require detectable warning surfaces in prescribed locations, such as on the slopes of pedestrian curb cuts/curb ramps, exterior and interior ramps, at the top of stairs and on landings, and at the edge of rail platforms. Detectable warning surfaces include both truncated domes and tactile bars. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Tactile paving The skin of the lip forms the border between the exterior skin of the face, and the interior mucous membrane of the inside of the mouth. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Lip Mont-Laurier: 7862Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 6,186 (total dwellings: 6,744) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mont-Laurier Mont-Laurier is located roughly at the halfway point of the major roadway from Montreal to Abitibi, Route 117, about 250 kilometres (160 mi) northwest of Montreal. Route 309 follows the Lievre and leads to Gatineau, Quebec and Ottawa, Ontario, 216 kilometres (134 mi) to the south. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Mont-Laurier The Quebec Nordiques formed as one of the original World Hockey Association teams in 1972. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques "The Flower" managed only 24 goals in 98 games with Quebec over two seasons. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques The Nordiques also faced a unique disadvantage due to Quebec City's status as a virtually monolingual francophone city. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques Then as now, Quebec City had no privately owned English-language radio stations and only one privately owned English-language television station. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques Contrasting nameplates were used in 1973–74, then the fleur-de-lis symbol was added to the shoulders the following season which was modeled after the flag of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques Aubut intended to change the team's entire look had he won enough financing to keep the Nordiques in Quebec for the 1995–96 season. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques These are the top-ten point-scorers in Quebec Nordiques history, combining NHL and WHA totals. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec Nordiques excepting the City of Quebec and the parishes of Notre-Dame-de-Quebec and Saint-Roch-de-Québec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec County, Quebec Quebec County was a historic county in the province of Quebec, Canada. The county included the Quebec City metropolitan area and extended northwestward. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Quebec County, Quebec Wilfrid Laurier University (commonly referred to as WLU or simply Laurier) is a public university in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University In addition, Laurier is home to the Penderecki String Quartet - an internationally recognised group playing largely new compositions. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University The library, in conjunction with Wilfrid Laurier University Press, hosts Scholars Commons @ --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier, an institutional repository that aims to support open scholarly communication, collaboration, and lasting visibility and recognition for Laurier scholarship. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University The Lazaridis School of Business & Economics is the business school of Wilfrid Laurier, and is located in Waterloo, Ontario. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University A Laurier news release said that the university would continue working with the town and other partners to find an alternate solution to fund the campus. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University The Wilfrid Laurier University Students' Union (WLUSU) represents undergraduate students at both campuses of Wilfrid Laurier University. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier University They deployed MISSE 5 to the station's exterior, and replaced one of the ISS's Control Moment Gyroscopes (CMG). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) STS-114 Laval (English: ; French: [laval] (listen)) is a Canadian city in southwestern Quebec, north of Montreal. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laval, Quebec The organisation aims to improve the businesses, culture, tourism, and online identity of Quebec and the Québécois through the .quebec TLD. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) .quebec The application was supported by the Quebec National Assembly and other cultural, technical, and economic institutions in the province. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) .quebec The Coalition Avenir Québec currently has the most seats in the Assembly following the 2018 Quebec general election. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec The act created a new bicameral Legislature for the province of Quebec, composed of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec Any person holding Canadian citizenship and who has resided in Quebec for at least six months qualifies to be on the electoral list. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec The National Assembly was formerly the lower house of Quebec's legislature and was then called the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. In 1968, the upper house, the Legislative Council, was abolished and the remaining house was renamed. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Assembly of Quebec In 1983, the exterior balconies were restored to their original colour and a year later the exterior façade was illuminated in the ceremony of La Mercè. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Casa Batlló The following equation can be used to quantitatively characterize the Van der Waals forces, by approximating the interaction as being between two flat surfaces: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gecko feet where F is the force of interaction, AH is the Hamaker constant, and D is the distance between the two surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gecko feet The feet of geckos have a number of specializations. Their surfaces can adhere to any type of material with the exception of Teflon (PTFE). --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gecko feet Their surfaces can adhere to any type of material with the exception of Teflon (PTFE). This phenomenon can be explained with three elements: --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Gecko feet Laurier eventually decided to send a volunteer force, rather than the militia expected by Britain, but Bourassa continued to oppose any form of military involvement. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier This followed the enactment of the Yukon Territory Act by the Laurier Government in 1898, separating the Yukon from the Northwest Territories. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier Despite one notable exception in 1958, the Liberal party continued to dominate federal politics in Quebec until 1984. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier In November 2011, Wilfrid Laurier University located in Waterloo, Ontario, unveiled a statue depicting a young Wilfrid Laurier sitting on a bench, thinking. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier The provincial electoral district of Laurier-Dorion (an honour shared with Canadian politician Antoine-Aimé Dorion) --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier Chateau Laurier, a downtown Ottawa hotel of high reputation and a national historic site --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier is a census-designated place in Ferry County, Washington that neighbors the Canada–United States border. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laurier, Washington The Avey Field State Airport is in Laurier and its runway crosses the border into British Columbia. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laurier, Washington According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Laurier has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laurier, Washington In mid-1984, AMC introduced a less expensive version called the Wagoneer "Custom", without the simulated woodgrain exterior. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) The exterior featured revised woodgrained sides in "marine teak" with new nameplates and V8 badges. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) It was still by far the largest shopping mall in Quebec City in 1980 as Galeries de la Capitale had yet to open. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laurier Québec Though Galeries de la Capitale is the biggest mall in the city in terms of area, Laurier Quebec remains the largest by number of tenants. It has approximately 300 stores and restaurants and is built on three levels with underground, multilevel, and outdoor parking. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Laurier Québec Self-cleaning surfaces are a class of materials with the inherent ability to remove any debris or bacteria from their surfaces in a variety of ways. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Since the creation of self-cleaning glass, titanium dioxide has also been used to create self-cleaning nanoparticles that can be incorporated into other material surfaces to allow them to self-clean. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces The basis for superhydrophobic self-cleaning is the ability of these surfaces to prevent water from spreading out when in contact with the surface. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces In plants world, the lotus leaf is not the only example of natural superhydrophobic surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Shark skin is another example of antifouling, self-cleaning and low adhesion surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces To fabricate synthetic self-cleaning surfaces, there are a variety of methods used to obtain the desired nanotopography and then characterize surface nanostructure and wettability. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Nanocasting is a method based on soft lithography which uses elastomeric molds to make nano-structured surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces In addition to the topography, plasma treatment can also provide surface functionalization by using different gases to deposit different elements on surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Generally, chemical deposition uses liquid or vapor phases to deposit inorganic materials or halides onto surfaces as thin films. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Biomimicry is being used to create comparable properties in synthetic materials, particularly in wettability and self-cleaning abilities of self-cleaning surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces This surface, named “slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces” (SLIPS) is a micro- or nano-porous substrate, with a lubricating liquid locked in place. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Control over surface wettability is a critical aspect of self-cleaning surfaces. Both superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces have been used as self-cleaning materials. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Superhydrophilicity allows for surfaces to clean away a wide variety of dirt or debris. This mechanism is very different than the aforementioned superhydrophobic surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Papillose epidermis cells carpet the exterior of a plant, particularly the leaf. These cells generate papillae or microasperties which make surface very rough. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces To achieve this, the polystyrene was heated well above its Tg to 130 degrees Celsius and pressed against the template. The template was then removed by dissolving the aluminum and producing either nanoemboss or nanofiber surfaces. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces As described above, contact angle is used to characterize surface wettability. A droplet of solvent, typically water for hydrophobic surfaces, is placed perpendicular to the surface. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) Self-cleaning surfaces Upon admission into the Order of Quebec, members are presented with various insignia of the organization—a medallion, miniature, and button. --- (0.08, 0.0, 0.08) National Order of Quebec Quebec is the largest province by area, at 1,542,056 km2 (595,391 sq mi), and the second-largest by population, with 8,164,361 people. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Until the early 1960s, the Catholic Church played a large role in the development of social and cultural institutions in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec However, the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s-1980s increased the role of the Government of Quebec in controlling political, social, and future developments of the state of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Premier of Quebec, presently François Legault, acts as head of government and holds office by virtue of commanding the confidence of the elected National Assembly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The combination of rich and easily arable soils and Quebec's relatively warm climate makes this valley the most prolific agricultural area of Quebec province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Most of central Quebec, ranging from 51 to 58 degrees North has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Moreover, in addition to food certified as "organic", Charlevoix lamb is the first local Quebec product whose geographical indication is protected. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Canadian boreal forest is the northernmost and most abundant of the three forest areas in Quebec that straddle the Canadian Shield and the upper lowlands of the province. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Its relatively long growing season lasts almost 200 days and its fertile soils make it the centre of agricultural activity and therefore of urbanization of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The distribution areas of the paper birch, the trembling aspen and the mountain ash cover more than half of Quebec territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1534, Quebec's coasts off the Saint Lawrence River and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence are explored and claimed as French territory by Jacques Cartier. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1783, the Treaty of Paris cedes the territories south of the Great Lakes to the United States which massively reduces the Province of Quebec's size. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1791, the Constitutional Act divides the Province of Quebec into the French-speaking Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the English-speaking Upper Canada (now Ontario). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1927, the British Judicial Committee of the Privy Council draws a clear border between northeast Quebec and south Labrador. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Quebec-Labrador boundary dispute is still ongoing today, which makes some state that Quebec's borders are the most imprecise in the Americas. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1629, there was the surrender of Quebec, without battle, to English privateers led by David Kirke during the Anglo-French War. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec From this point on, the Canadiens were subordinated to the government of the British Empire and circumscribed to a region of St. Lawrence valley called the Province of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec At the time, Canadiens formed the vast majority of the population of the Province of Quebec (more than 99%) and British immigration was not going well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These last two came from the splitting of the Province of Canada, and used the old borders of Lower Canada for Quebec, and Upper Canada for Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Despite this, the objectives of the new federal political regime were going to serve as great obstacles to the assertion of Quebec and the political power given to the provinces would be restricted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec He focused on defending provincial autonomy, Quebec's catholic and francophone heritage, and laissez-faire liberalism instead of the emerging welfare state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This declaration had a profound effect on Quebec by bolstering the burgeoning modern Quebec sovereignty movement and resulting in a political crisis between France and Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Inspired in part by the French Legion of Honour, it is conferred upon men and women born or living in Quebec (but non-Quebecers can be inducted as well) for outstanding achievements. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Each legislature has a maximum duration of five years, however, barring exceptions, Quebec now conducts fixed-date elections in October every four years. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Quebec State is the depositary of administrative and police authority in the areas of exclusive jurisdiction it holds concerning laws and constitutional convention. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These offices' mandate is to ensure an institutional presence of the Government of Quebec near other Canadian governments and to allow Quebec to interact effectively with the other provinces of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Hydro-Québec corporation, owned by the government of Quebec, is the main producer and provider of this renewable and low-pollution energy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The city of Saint-Hyacinthe is the agricultural technopole of Quebec and is recognized for its agro-food, veterinary and agro-environmental biotechnology. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec A 2014 report by the Fraser Institute indicated that "Relative to its size, Quebec is the most indebted province in Canada by a wide margin". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's health system is supported by the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ) which works to maintain the accessibility of services for all citizens of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Parliament of Canada also influences Quebec private law, in particular through its power over banks, bankruptcy, marriage, divorce and maritime law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Droit civil du Québec is the primary component of Quebec's private law and is codified in the Civil Code of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This is the case, for example, with human rights and freedoms which are governed by the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, a Charter which applies to both government and citizens. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Court of Quebec, the municipal courts, the Human Rights Tribunal and the Professions Tribunal are all courts of first instance, or lower courts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2018, Quebec's 3 most populated regions are Montreal (2,029,379), Montérégie (1,554,282) and Capitale-Nationale (745,135). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2019, Quebec witnessed an increase in the number of births compared to the year before (84,200 vs 83,840) and had a replacement rate of about 1,6 per woman. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec differs from other Canadian provinces in that French is the only official and preponderant language, while English predominates in the rest of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Gendron Commission report of 1968 established the foundations for the white book of the government of Quebec' linguistic policy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec According to the 2016 census, 49.1% of people living in Quebec say they can conduct a conversation in English (English as mother tongue or as a second language). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec As for French-English bilingualism, 44.5% of people in Quebec state that they are bilingual, that is to say, able to conduct a conversation in both French and English. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1784, United Empire Loyalists flooded Quebec following their expulsion from the Thirteen Colonies during the United States' War of Independence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The influence of English and repeated attempts at linguistic assimilation of the French-speaking population had and continues to have a considerable impact on French-language culture in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In terms of media, anglophones own, among others, the Montreal Gazette, in Montreal, and the Chronicle-Telegraph, in Quebec City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Wendat (spoken by the Huron-Wendat of the Capitale-Nationale)In the 2016 census, 50,895 people in Quebec said they knew at least one indigenous language. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In Quebec, most indigenous languages are currently transmitted quite well from one generation to the next with a mother tongue retention rate of 92%.Immigrant languages --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2015, the vast majority (89%) of young allophone students in Quebec attended French-language schools. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Premier of Quebec, Bernard Landry, declared at this unveiling that: Between the Québécois people and the Acadian people, there is more than friendship, there is kinship. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In June 2017, Standard & Poor's (S&P) rated Quebec as an AA- credit risk, surpassing Ontario for the first time. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2011, Quebec experienced faster growth of its research-and-development (R&D) spending than other Canadian provinces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is also a major player in several leading-edge industries including aerospace, information technologies and software, and multimedia. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Approximately 60% of the production of the Canadian aerospace industry are from Quebec, where sales totalled C$12.4 billion in 2009. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec As a result of these two agreements, Quebec's trade relations with other countries have become more dynamic and the province has seen its exports increase significantly. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Forests cover more than half of Quebec's territory, for a total area of nearly 761,100 km2 (293,900 sq mi). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The public company Hydro-Québec occupies a dominant position in the production, transmission and distribution of electricity in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is in 1st place for the highest amount of milk produced and biggest amount of farms engaged in the dairy industry (2019) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is the 2nd most important province for tourism in Canada, receiving 21.5% of tourists' spending (2021) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2007, the Government of Quebec launched the Stratégie québécoise de la recherche et de l'innovation (SQRI) aiming to promote development through research, science and technology. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec As of 2011, Quebec has had over 9,469 scientific publications in the sector of medicine, biomedical research and engineering since the year 2000. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Between 1991 to 2000, Quebec produced more scientific papers per 100,000 inhabitants than the United States and Germany. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec has more than 450 biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies which together employ more than 25,000 people and 10,000 highly qualified researchers. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Teachers are represented by province-wide unions that negotiate province-wide working conditions with local school service centres and the government of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 2003, 3886 cargo and 9.7 million tonnes of goods transited the Quebec portion of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Concerning rail transport, Quebec has 6,678 km (4,150 mi) of railways integrated in the large North American network. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Public health in Quebec brings together all the measures, knowledge and techniques implemented collectively in Québécois society to prevent disease, preserve health, and improve the vitality and longevity of individuals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Quebec health system is public, which means that the state acts as the main insurer and administrator, and that funding is provided by general taxation. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec There are 34 health establishments in Quebec, 22 of which are a Integrated Health and Social Services Centre (CISSS). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Conseil des arts et des lettres du Québec (CALQ) is an initiative of the Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is a laïque societyQuébécois society bases its cohesion and specificity on a set of statements, a few notable examples of which include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Association québécoise de l'industrie du disque, du spectacle et de la vidéo (ADISQ) was created in 1978 to promote the music industry in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In a similar way, the Association of Film and Television in Quebec (APFTQ) promotes independent production in film and television. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Artis and the Gemini Awards gala recognize the personalities of television and radio industry in Quebec and French Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In addition to the network of cultural centres in Quebec, the venues include the Monument-National and the Rideau Vert (green curtain) --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Cultural Heritage Fund is a program of the Quebec government for the conservation and development of Quebec's heritage, together with various laws. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Adapted to fit the traditions of rural Quebec by transforming the European hero into Ti-Jean, a generic rural habitant, they eventually spawned many other tales. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Québécois architecture is characterized by its unique Canadien-style buildings as well as the juxtaposition of a variety of styles reflective of Quebec's history. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The archbishop of Quebec, who today is the primate of the Catholic Church of Canada, was once part of the Sovereign Council of New France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This church obtained the status of cathedral in 1674, when François de Laval became archbishop of Quebec, and then the status of minor basilica in 1874. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1977, the Quebec Parliament declared June 24, the day of La Saint-Jean-Baptiste, to be Quebec's National Holiday. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec National Patriots' Day, a statutory holiday in Quebec, celebrates the patriots that fought in the Lower Canada Rebellion against British forces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In 1987 and 2008, the Francophonie Summit, the annual meeting of heads of states from member states of the Francophonie, took place in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Canadian Francophone Games, a francophone Canadian sports event which takes place every three years, has taken place in Quebec twice since its inception in 1999. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec has produced a number of internationally renowned celebrities, including Alys Robi (1923 - 2011) and Céline Dion (1968 -), among others. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The climate of the province is largely determined by its latitude, maritime and elevation influences. According to the Köppen climate classification, Quebec has three main climate regions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Canadian boreal forest covers 27% of the area of Quebec. The mixed forest is a transition zone between the Canadian boreal forest and deciduous forest. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Most of Quebec's population lives in this area of vegetation, almost entirely along the banks of the Saint Lawrence. Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This would sow the seeds for the future conscription protests of the World Wars. In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec At this point in time, companies rarely recognized the majority language of Quebec. Clerico-nationalists eventually started to fall out of favour in the federal elections of 1911. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec There, he adressed a crowd of more than 100,000 Québécois, making a speech and ending it with the exclamation: "Vive le Québec Libre!" ("Long live free Quebec"). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec They are elected in federal elections. At the level of the Senate of Canada, Quebec is represented by 24 senators, which are appointed on the advice of the prime minister of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec More than 2,500 sites in Quebec today are protected areas. As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec As of 2013, the protected areas of Quebec are 9.14% of the Québécois territory. The origins of the lands of the State can be traced back to New France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's forests are essentially public property. The calculation of annual cutting possibilities is the responsibility of the Bureau du forestier en chef. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec When Jean Charest's government decided in 2012 to sharply increase university fees, students protests erupted. Because of these protests, Quebec's tuition fees remain relatively low today. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. According to the Constitution of Canada, each of these two government are responsible for enacting law when it falls under their sphere of competence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec law comes from the four classic sources of law: legislation, case law, doctrine and customary law. Legislation is the primary source in Quebec law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec law can be divided into 2 spheres: private law and public law. Private law concerns the relations between individuals, while public law deals with the rules that govern the Québécois government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec For historical reasons, the Droit civil du Québec has been strongly influenced by the civil law of France. Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Public law in Quebec is largely derived from the common law tradition. Quebec constitutional law is the area of law that governs the rules surrounding the Quebec government, the Parliament of Quebec and Quebec's various courts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec An appeal of a decision there could, depending on the case, transfer to the Quebec Court of Appeal. Finally, if the case is of great importance, it could make its way to the top, to the Supreme Court of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The Court of Appeal serves two purposes. First, it is the general court of appeal for première instance judgements in Quebec Law. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec This means that it hears appeals coming from the Superior Court, the Court of Quebec and several administrative courts. Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Second, the Court of Appeal possesses the power to respond to reference questions made by the Government of Quebec. The Court of Appeal renders more than 1,500 judgments per year. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Their powers are limited to the powers that are given to them by the authority which created them. In addition, the Court of Quebec is made up of three chambers: the Youth Division, the Criminal and Penal Division and the Civil Division. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The indigenous communities of Quebec have their own police forces. The RCMP has the power to enforce certain federal laws in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Demographic weight: Quebec accounts for a little under 23% of the Canadian population. Quebec's demographic weight in Canada has been gradually decreasing since 1971 when, back then, it was 28% of the population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec's rate can also be both higher (ex. Switzerland (1,48), Portugal (1,42), Japan (1,36), Italy (1,29), etc.) or lower (ex. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec because of the federal government of Canada's aggressive immigration policies. Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec They generally spoke a variety of regional languages of the Oïl language family. Thus, creating the need for the colonists to "unify their patois" ("unite their dialects") and creating Quebec French. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The British conquest of 1759 turned the evolution of French in Quebec and North America upside down. By having ties severed with France, the French spoken in Quebec definitively separated from the French spoken in metropolitan France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Efforts have been made to preserve the primacy of the French language in Quebec. Such efforts include: enstating the Charter of the French language, Quebec's participation in the Francophonie since 1971, French immigration to Quebec, etc. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Because this extension was enacted without the participation of the federal government, the extended Indigenous rights only exist in Quebec. In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval. Quebec houses an Acadian community spread out across several regions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Like most industrialized countries, the economy of Quebec is based mainly on the services sector. Quebec's economy has traditionally been fuelled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and average productivity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. The knowledge sector represents about 30.9% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Several companies, such as Ubisoft settled in Quebec since the late 1990s. The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The mining industry accounted for 6.3% of Quebec's GDP. As of 2011, it employs about 50,000 people in 158 companies. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The forest industry has slowed in recent years because of the softwood lumber dispute. This industry employs 68,000 people in several regions of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These international exchanges contribute to the strength of the Quebec economy, most particularly in terms of employment. About 60% of exports are made to outside of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec However, only 40% of the mineral potential of Quebec is currently known. In 2003, the value of mineral exploitation reached Quebec 3.7 billion Canadian dollars. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Refiners' sourcing strategies have varied over time and have depended on market conditions. In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec In the 1990s, Quebec purchased much of its oil from the North Sea. Since 2015, it now consumes almost exclusively the crude produced in western Canada and the United States. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec 70% of tourism-related businesses are located in or close to Montreal or Québec. It is estimated that, in 2010, Quebec welcomed 25.8 million tourists. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec They ensure the distribution of different services on the territories they are assigned to. Quebec possess approximately 140 hospitals for general or specialised care (CHSGS). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec is a free and democratic society that abides by the rule of law. The Government of Quebec cites five statements that represent the key values of Québécois society: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec by Armand Vaillancourt in San Francisco. The Montreal School of Fine Arts forms the painters, printmakers and sculptors of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec "As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. These sites were designated as being of national historic significance. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec has produced cheese for centuries. Most of the first cheeses were soft cheeses, but after the Conquest of New France, hard cheese began to be created as well. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec It was at this moment that the monks of La Trappe of Oka began to produce the famous Oka cheese. Today there are over 700 different cheeses in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Sports in Quebec constitutes an essential dimension of Quebec culture. The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. Ice hockey remains the national sport. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The snowy owl, the avian emblem of Quebec since 1987. It was selected by the Québécois government to symbolize Quebec's winters and northern climate. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. Quebec and the UK currently share the same head of state. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec possesses a network of 32 offices in 18 countries. These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Quebec and New Brunswick are the only Canadian provinces that are members of the Francophonie. Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec The earliest immigrants to the Canadian prairies were French Canadians from Quebec. These individuals were usually involved in the fur trade and frequented the aboriginals of the area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec These individuals were usually involved in the fur trade and frequented the aboriginals of the area. Most Franco-Albertans, Fransaskois and Franco-Manitobans are descended from these emigrants from Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Sir Wilfrid Laurier, then the Prime Minister of Canada, helped secure the important site for the construction, and the hotel was eventually named in his honour. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Château Laurier In addition to hotel guests, the Château Laurier has also served over the years as the home of two important Ottawa institutions. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Château Laurier In 1999, it was renamed the Fairmont Château Laurier after Canadian Pacific Hotels bought the American Fairmont hotel chain and changed its name to Fairmont Hotels and Resorts. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Château Laurier In 1861, Lafontaine first met her future husband, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, at the home of Dr. Séraphin Gauthier, where both were boarding. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Zoé Laurier The historic district was established following public debates from 1945 to 1965, concerning the preservation of Old Quebec and the restoration of Place Royale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec On December 3, 1985, UNESCO declared the Historic District of Old Quebec a World Heritage Site. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Old Quebec The ramparts surrounding Old Quebec (Vieux-Québec) are the only fortified city walls remaining in the Americas north of Mexico. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City is one of the oldest European settlements in North America and the only fortified city north of Mexico whose walls still exist. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The fort was at the mouth of the Rivière du Cap Rouge, in the suburban former town of Cap-Rouge (which merged into Quebec City in 2002). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Although the Acadian settlement at Port-Royal was established three years earlier, Quebec came to be known as the cradle of North America's Francophone population. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Despite its urbanity and its status as capital, Quebec City remained a small colonial city with close ties to its rural surroundings. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City As of the census of 1790, Montreal surpassed it with 18,000 inhabitants, but Quebec (pop. 14,000) remained the administrative capital of New France. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City In 1867, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the definite capital of the Dominion of Canada, while Quebec City was confirmed as the capital of the newly created province of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Until 2002, Quebec was a mostly urbanized city and its territory coterminous with today's borough of La Cité-Limoilou. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Old Quebec is located on top and at the foot of Cap-Diamant, which is on the eastern edge of a plateau called the promontory of Quebec (Quebec hill). --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The administrative region in which it is situated is officially referred to as Capitale-Nationale, and the term "national capital" is used to refer to Quebec City itself at the provincial level. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The highest temperature ever recorded in Quebec City was 36.1 °C (97 °F) on 17 July 1953. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City According to Statistics Canada, there were 531,902 people residing in Quebec City proper in 2016, and 800,296 people in the metropolitan area. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City also has a lower percentage of aboriginal Canadians (3.4%) than the national average of 6.2%. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The English-speaking community peaked in relative terms during the 1860s, when 40% of Quebec City's residents were Anglophone. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Most jobs in Quebec City are concentrated in public administration, defence, services, commerce, transport and tourism. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City is known for its Winter Carnival, its summer music festival and its Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day celebrations. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City has hosted a number of recent sporting events, as well as being shortlisted for the 2002 Winter Olympics city selection. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City A professional basketball team, the Quebec Kebs, played in National Basketball League of Canada in 2011 but folded before the 2012 season. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City A lower-tier team, the Quebec Rafales, played in the professional International Hockey League from 1996 to 1998. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Another researcher put forward the historical factors that led to Montreal surpassing Quebec as the metropolis of British North America in the early 19th century. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City is governed by a mayor–council government, which includes the 21 single-member districts of the legislative Quebec City Council and the separately elected mayor. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec City has the oldest educational institution for women in North America, led by the Ursulines of Quebec, which is now a private elementary school. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Second Quebec Conference was held in 1944, and was attended by Churchill and Roosevelt. They took place in the buildings of the Citadelle and at the nearby Château Frontenac. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The climate of Quebec City is classified as humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfb).Quebec City experiences four distinct seasons. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Quebec is the only large city in Canada along with Halifax lacking a public greenhouse. Nonetheless, outside areas known for their public gardens or landscaping include: --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Children under five accounted for approximately 4.7% of the resident population of Quebec City. This compares with 5.2% in the province of Quebec, and 5.6% for Canada overall. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City The Videotron Centre was built with the hope of getting an NHL franchise (relocation or expansion) in Quebec City. The project was funded regardless of whether an NHL team arrives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City It is also hoped that the arena can help Quebec City win a future Winter Olympics games bid. It has now replaced the Colisée Pepsi as the main multifunctional arena in Quebec City. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec City Approximately 60% of Quebec's voting public rejected the idea put forth by Parti Québécois leader René Lévesque. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement There is also the question of whether the French language can survive within the geographic boundaries of Quebec and where French-Canadian society and culture fits into what is an increasingly multicultural country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Separatists and Independentists are generally opposed to some aspects of the federal system in Canada and do not believe it can be reformed in a way that could satisfy the needs of Quebec's French-speaking majority. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Several attempts at reforming the federal system in Canada have thus far failed because of, particularly, the conflicting interests between Quebec's representatives and the other provincial governments' representatives. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Others, such as J. Woehrling, however, have claimed that the legislative process towards Quebec's independence would not require any prior change to the viceregal post. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Many federalists oppose the Quebec sovereignty movement for economic and political reasons but many also oppose sovereignty on other grounds. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Cree arguments generally do not claim the right to secede from Canada; rather, the Cree see themselves as a people bound to Canada by treaty (see the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement), and as citizens of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The Cree have stated that a unilateral declaration of independence by Quebec would be a violation of fundamental principles of human rights, democracy and consent. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Under British rule, French Canadians were supplanted by waves of British immigrants, notably outside of Quebec (where they became a minority) but within the province as well, as much of the province's economy was dominated by English-Canadians. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement René Lévesque developed the idea of sovereignty-association to reduce the fear that an independent Quebec would face tough economic times. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement This loss laid the groundwork for the 1995 referendum, which stated that Quebec should offer a new economic and political partnership to Canada before declaring independence. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Quebec premier Jacques Parizeau, whose government supported sovereignty, attributed the defeat of the resolution to "money and ethnic votes." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement An inquiry by the director-general of elections concluded in 2007 that at least $500,000 was spent by the federalist camp in violation of Quebec's election laws. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement While opponents of sovereignty were pleased with the defeat of the referendum, most recognized that there were still deep divides within Quebec and problems with the relationship between Quebec and the rest of the country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The first organization dedicated to the independence of Quebec was the Alliance Laurentienne, founded by Raymond Barbeau on January 25, 1957. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The most extremist individuals of these groups left to form the FLQ, which, unlike all the other groups, had made the decision to resort to violence in order to reach its goal of independence for Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The Parti Québécois won re-election despite losing the popular vote to Jean Charest and the Quebec Liberals. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement While opponents of sovereignty were pleased with their referendum victories, most recognized that there are still deep divides within Quebec and problems with the relationship between Quebec and the rest of Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement In the 2004 federal elections, the Bloc Québécois won 54 of Quebec's 75 seats in the House of Commons, compared to 33 previously. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The data on the questions revealed as follows to the first hard line question of "Do you believe that Quebec should become a country separate from Canada?" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement the conservative but nationalist Action Démocratique du Québec supporting the Yes side in the 1995 Quebec referendum. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement Canadians from every region outside Quebec, non-Francophone Quebecers (62 per cent), Francophone Canadians outside Quebec (77 per cent) all rejected the idea. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement This used to be a paradoxical phenomenon because of the Parti Québécois and most sovereignists being to the political left and supporters of Quebec remaining a province tend to be politically on the right. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The term "independentist" is preferred by some supporters. Also in practice, the term "Federalist" was used to define people who stood with and agreed with confederation in other words agreeing that Quebec should not be an independent country. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a Mohawk from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The Quiet Revolution in Quebec brought widespread change in the 1960s. Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. Do you personally consider that Quebecers form a nation or not?" --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec sovereignty movement It was traditionally used as both an interior and exterior finish applied in one or two thin layers directly over a solid masonry, brick, or stone surface. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stucco At the beginning of the 21st century, this "traditional" method of wire mesh lath and three coats of exterior plaster is still widely used. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stucco Examples can be found in churches and palaces, where stucco is mostly used to provide a smooth, decorative transition from walls to ceiling, decorating and giving measure to ceiling surfaces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stucco In such cases, replacement of damaged lath is generally considered to be more appropriate than installing new mesh. All surfaces should be cleaned to remove paint, oil, or plant growth. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Stucco Soft loose sand or gravel, wet clay, and irregular surfaces such as cobblestones can significantly impede wheelchair movement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tactile paving In Sydney, blocks are installed at rail and light rail station platforms, before exterior stairways, before exterior obstacles, and at airports and bus stops. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tactile paving For such people, a stable and regular surface is necessary for safe walking, particularly on stairs. Wheelchairs can be propelled most easily on surfaces that are hard, stable, and regular. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Tactile paving Rapide-de-l'Orignal was founded at the current location of Mont-Laurier, on the Lievre River, in 1885, by Solime Alix. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mont-Laurier Elected in 2003, the current mayor of Mont-Laurier is Michel Adrien, a black immigrant to Canada from Haiti. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mont-Laurier Route 309 follows the Lievre and leads to Gatineau, Quebec and Ottawa, Ontario, 216 kilometres (134 mi) to the south. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mont-Laurier The name was changed in 1909 to honour Canadian Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier. In 1940, a road from Mont-Laurier to Abitibi was built. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Mont-Laurier Quebec City is located at 46 degrees north latitude; Nordiques translated from French to English means Northerners or Northmen. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques Additionally, while the Packers are the only NFL team in the state of Wisconsin, the Nordiques always played "second fiddle" to the Canadiens in Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques While Aubut never lost money on the Nordiques, he feared the new environment would lead to unsustainable losses without a bailout from Quebec's provincial government. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques However, Premier Jacques Parizeau turned the request down, as few in Quebec were willing to be seen as subsidizing a hockey club that paid multimillion-dollar salaries. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques They picked junior star Eric Lindros, even though he had let it be known well in advance that he would never play for Quebec. Among the reasons, Lindros cited distance, lack of marketing potential, and having to speak French. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec Nordiques The municipalities constituting the suburban area surrounding Quebec City were withdrawn from the County at the beginning of 1970 to form the Communauté urbaine de Québec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Quebec County, Quebec Laurier's school colours, purple and gold, extend from its early affiliation with Western; originally maroon and gold, the school adopted purple in lieu of maroon to honour its link with Western, whose colours were purple and white. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University On April 18, 2018, Wilfrid Laurier University was granted approval for a new campus location in Milton, Ontario. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University In the 2021 Maclean's magazine survey of Canadian universities, Laurier was ranked eighth out of 15 Canadian universities in the magazine's comprehensive university category. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier has the oldest business cooperative education ("co-op") program in English-speaking Canada and the largest business co-op program in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University According to Maclean's, Laurier's "Standout Programs" in 2017-2018 included Game Design and Development at the Brantford campus. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University The town of Milton, Ontario and Laurier have worked together since 2008 to develop a 150-acre campus in Milton within the planned Milton Education Village (MEV) on land donated by the town. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University As of 2019, Laurier was offering some services in Milton, including a Master of Education program at the Milton Education Village Innovation Centre and a Lecture Series. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University A 2015 survey found that 40% of Wilfrid Laurier students had experienced gendered violence, and 13.4% of Wilfrid Laurier students had experienced sexual assault. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University Also in 2015, Wilfrid Laurier University was criticized for allowing a male student accused of raping a female student in her dorm room to continue to attend classes alongside his accuser. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University The song was revived in 2005 by the WLU Alumni Choir and the words were adapted to reflect the change from Waterloo College to Wilfrid Laurier University. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University Wilfrid Laurier is home to a vibrant and growing Greek life, with each group having a large focus on philanthropic endeavours. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University It has over 500 faculty and staff members. Laurier has been transitioning from a primarily undergraduate university to a mid-size research university. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier University On the third, they installed the External Stowage Platform and repaired the shuttle, the first time repairs had been carried out during a spacewalk on the exterior of a spacecraft in flight. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) STS-114 Even with its trimmer exterior dimensions, the new Impala featured increased headroom, rear-seat legroom and trunk space. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Impala Two new exterior colors were available: Summit White and Cyber Gray Metallic, and four exterior colors were deleted. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Chevrolet Impala The amalgamation turned out to be so successful for the municipalities involved that the Quebec government decided to amalgamate the whole island into a single city of Laval in 1965, not without controversy. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laval, Quebec Laval was named after the first owner of Île Jésus, François de Montmorency-Laval, the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laval, Quebec He proposed that Transports Quebec, the provincial transport department, set aside C$100 million annually to fund the project, which was expected to cost upwards of $1.5 billion. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laval, Quebec The proceedings of the National Assembly are broadcast across Quebec on the cable television network Canal de l'Assemblée nationale. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec The National Assembly of Quebec (French: Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Assembly of Quebec BalconyFinally, above the central part of the façade is a smaller balcony, also iron, with a different exterior aesthetic, closer to a local type of lily. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Casa Batlló " Laurier was also well-regarded for his efforts to establish Canada as an autonomous country within the British Empire, and he supported the continuation of the Empire if it was based on "absolute liberty political and commercial". --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Chosen as leader of the federal Liberal Party in 1887, he gradually built up his party's strength through his personal following both in Quebec and elsewhere in Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier In 1905, Laurier oversaw Saskatchewan and Alberta's entry into Confederation, the last two provinces to be created out of the Northwest Territories. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Beginning in 1878 and for some twenty years while married to Zoé, Laurier had an "ambiguous relationship" with a married woman, Émilie Barthe. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Its establishment reflected an early desire to not only mark his birthplace (a plaque in 1925 and a monument in 1927), but to create a shrine to Laurier in the 1930s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier His brick residence in Ottawa is known as Laurier House National Historic Site, at the corner of what is now Laurier Avenue and Chapel Street. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier is depicted on several banknotes issued by the Bank of Canada:The $1,000 note in the 1935 Series and 1937 Series --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Mount Sir Wilfrid Laurier, the highest peak in British Columbia's Premier Range, near Mount Robson --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier Drive, located in Saskatoon's Confederation Park neighbourhood, where the majority of the streets are named after former Canadian prime ministers --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Wilfrid Laurier appears as the leader of the Canadian civilization in the 4X video game Sid Meier's Civilization VI. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier is often considered one of the country's greatest statesmen. He is well-known for his policies of conciliation, expanding Confederation, and compromise between French and English Canada. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from Drummond-Arthabaska in the 1871 Quebec general election, but resigned on 19 January 1874, to enter federal politics in the riding of Quebec East. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1874 election, serving briefly in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie as Minister of Inland Revenue. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier Henri Bourassa was an especially vocal opponent. Laurier eventually decided to send a volunteer force, rather than the militia expected by Britain, but Bourassa continued to oppose any form of military involvement. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier The Sir Wilfrid Laurier National Historic Site is in his birthplace, Saint-Lin-Laurentides, a town 60 km (37 mi) north of Montreal, Quebec. Its establishment reflected an early desire to not only mark his birthplace (a plaque in 1925 and a monument in 1927), but to create a shrine to Laurier in the 1930s. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier The 1876 Italianate residence of the Lauriers during his years as a lawyer and Member of Parliament, in Victoriaville, Quebec, is designated Wilfrid Laurier House National Historic Site, owned privately and operated as the Laurier Museum. In November 2011, Wilfrid Laurier University located in Waterloo, Ontario, unveiled a statue depicting a young Wilfrid Laurier sitting on a bench, thinking. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Wilfrid Laurier The nearest school district is Orient School District. According to the 2010 census, Laurier had one permanent resident. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laurier, Washington The meeting should not have taken place, she wrote, because "[n]o formal complaint, nor informal concern relative to a Laurier policy, was registered about the screening of the video." --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lindsay Shepherd On 18 June that year, Peterson filed a $1.5-million defamation lawsuit against Laurier, Rambukkana, Pimlott, and Joel. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Lindsay Shepherd The rest of the northern section inaugurated in 1972.By 1976 Place Laurier was already well over 1 million square feet with 300 stores, making it the largest shopping mall in Canada at the time. It was still by far the largest shopping mall in Quebec City in 1980 as Galeries de la Capitale had yet to open. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Laurier Québec The self-cleaning functionality of these surfaces are commonly inspired by natural phenomena observed in lotus leaves, gecko feet, and water striders to name a few. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces The ultimate goal in developing superhydrophobic surfaces is to recreate the self-cleaning properties of the Lotus Leaf that has the inherent ability to repel all water in nature. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces While superhydrophobic surfaces are great for removing any water-based debris, these surfaces likely will not be able to clean away other types of fouling matter such as oil. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces For example, brucite-type cobalt hydroxide crystalline surfaces were produced by chemical bath deposition and coated with lauric acid. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces These surfaces had individual nanofiber tips with diameters of 6.5 nm, ultimately resulting in a contact angle as high as 178 degrees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces Refer to section on Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter models for information on the different behaviors of droplets on topographical surfaces. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces The basis for superhydrophobic self-cleaning is the ability of these surfaces to prevent water from spreading out when in contact with the surface. This is reflected in a water contact angle nearing 180 degrees. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces This is reflected in a water contact angle nearing 180 degrees. Superhydrophobic self-cleaning surfaces also have low sliding angles which allows for water that is collected on the surface to easily be removed, commonly by gravity. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces A droplet of solvent, typically water for hydrophobic surfaces, is placed perpendicular to the surface. The droplet is imaged and the angle between the solid/liquid and liquid/vapor interfaces is measured. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces Carbon nanotubes have also been used to create surfaces similar to rice leaves. Similar to the lotus leaf, a hierarchical structure provides the hydrophobicity of rice leaf. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) Self-cleaning surfaces Instead, the monarch's representative is related to the order only by virtue of his or her place in council, collectively termed the government of Quebec, to which the constitution of the Order of Quebec makes specific reference. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Order of Quebec The regulations of the National Order of Quebec stipulate that the premier presents new inductees with their insignia, either on the National Holiday of Quebec or another day during the National Week. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Order of Quebec The insignia remain property of the Crown in Right of Quebec and must be returned upon a holder's cessation of membership in the society, whether by death or dismissal. --- (0.07, 0.0, 0.07) National Order of Quebec Quebec's official language is French, with 94.6% of the province's population reporting knowledge of the language. Québécois French is the local variety, and there are 17 regional accents deriving from it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The name Québec comes from the Algonquin word kébec, meaning 'where the river narrows'. The name originally referred to the area around Quebec City where the Saint Lawrence River narrows to a cliff-lined gap. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec has one of the world's largest reserves of fresh water, occupying 12% of its surface. It has 3% of the world's renewable fresh water, whereas it has only 0.1% of its population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Appalachian region of Quebec has a narrow strip of ancient mountains along the southeastern border of Quebec. The Appalachians are actually a huge chain that extends from Alabama to Newfoundland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Appalachians are actually a huge chain that extends from Alabama to Newfoundland. In between, it covers in Quebec near 800 km (497 mi), from the Montérégie hills to the Gaspé Peninsula. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The four calendar seasons in Quebec are spring, summer, autumn and winter, with conditions differing by region. They are then differentiated according to the insolation, temperature, and precipitation of snow and rain. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The tundra vegetation survives an average annual temperature of −8 °C (18 °F). The tundra covers more than 24% of the area of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The tundra covers more than 24% of the area of Quebec. Further south, the climate is conducive to the growth of the Canadian boreal forest, bounded on the north by the taiga. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Deciduous forests cover approximately 6.6% of the area of Quebec. The total forest area of Quebec is estimated at 750,300 km2 (289,700 sq mi). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1534, Quebec's coasts off the Saint Lawrence River and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence are explored and claimed as French territory by Jacques Cartier. This new land is called Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec However, in 1774, the Quebec Act more or less restores the lands back to the size they were before the conquest. Around this time, instructions are issued to the colony of Newfoundland, requiring them to supervise Labrador's coasts, even though Labrador belongs to the Province of Quebec not Newfoundland. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1867, the Confederation of Canada takes places. The citizens of the Province of Canada are free to divide back into two entities, and while Canada West is renamed Ontario, Canada East is renamed Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This expands the boundaries of Quebec northward. In 1912, The Canadian Parliament enacts the Quebec Boundaries Extension Act of 1912, which gives Quebec another part of Rupert's Land: the District of Ungava. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From there, they and their descendants then populated the different regions of the continent. The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The first humans who established themselves on the lands of Quebec arrived there after the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted, roughly 11,000 years ago. From the first people who settled on the lands of Quebec, various ethnocultural groups emerged. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec These terms were signed into law with the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the Compagnie des Cent-Associés. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Many notable battles and exchanges of land took place. In 1690, the Battle of Quebec became the first time Québec's defenses were tested. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The British won on September 13, 1759. Five days later, the king's lieutenant and Lord of Ramezay concluded the Articles of Capitulation of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From this point on, the Canadiens were subordinated to the government of the British Empire and circumscribed to a region of St. Lawrence valley called the Province of Quebec. Canadiens were not happy with British rule. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec To secure the allegiance of Canadiens to the British crown, Governor James Murray and later Governor Guy Carleton promoted the need for accomodations. This eventually resulted in enactment of the Quebec Act of 1774. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As early as 1774, the Continental Congress of the separatist Thirteen Colonies attempted to rally the Canadiens to its cause. However, its military troops failed to defeat the British counteroffensive during its Invasion of Quebec in 1775. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Despite this, the objectives of the new federal political regime were going to serve as great obstacles to the assertion of Quebec and the political power given to the provinces would be restricted. Quebec, economically weakened, would have to face political competition from Ottawa, the capital of the strongly centralizing federal state. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec On July 15, 1867, Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau became Quebec's first Premier. In 1868, he created the Ministry of Public Instruction which was quickly denounced by the clergy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1909, the government passed a law obligating wood and pulp to be transformed in Quebec. This helped slow the Grande Hémorragie by allowing Quebec to export its finished products to the US instead of its labour force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This helped slow the Grande Hémorragie by allowing Quebec to export its finished products to the US instead of its labour force. Afterwards, in 1910, Armand Lavergne passed the Loi Lavergne, the first language legislation in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As a result, state institutions began to be declericalized and deconfessionalized, and many parts of civil society began to be desacralized. During the Second Vatican Council, the reform of Quebec's institutions was overseen and supported by the Holy See. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec To favour Quebec during its Quiet Revolution, Canada, through Lester B. Pearson, adopted a policy of open federalism. In 1966, the Union Nationale was re-elected and continued on with major reforms. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec ("Long live free Quebec"). This declaration had a profound effect on Quebec by bolstering the burgeoning modern Quebec sovereignty movement and resulting in a political crisis between France and Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1975, it established the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms and the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. In 1976, the Summer Olympics took place in Montreal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Because of this corrupt behaviour, the National Assembly of Quebec refused to expressly recognize the new Constitutional Act of 1982, which repatriated the Canadian constitution and made numerous modifications to it. Today, Quebec is still subservient to this 1982 constitution despite never having officially consented to it. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec After these failed attempts, Daniel Johnson of the Liberal Party of Quebec briefly seized power as the 25th Premier of Quebec in 1994. He then quickly lost the following election, which established Jacques Parizeau as the new Premier. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The lieutenant governor represents the Queen of Canada and acts as the province's head of state. Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral, consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Parliament of Quebec is the legislative body of Quebec. It is made up of the lieutenant governor (representative of the Crown) and an elective chamber bearing the name of the National Assembly (representative of the people). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Executive Council (or Council of Ministers), chaired by the premier, is the primary body for executive power in Quebec. Its members are the principal advisers to the lieutenant governor in the exercise of executive power. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Automobile manufacturers who sell vehicles in Quebec have to comply with an emission ceiling of 187 g of GHG/km. This emission level was also lowered every year until it fell to 127 g of GHG/km in 2016. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Manufacturers have to obtain an emission average equivalent to that of the enforced level, so they are still be able to sell vehicles that sometimes exceed this threshold. These standards are as strict as those of California (United States), according to the Government of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Hydroelectricity is Quebec's main energy source. The Hydro-Québec corporation, owned by the government of Quebec, is the main producer and provider of this renewable and low-pollution energy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 2012, the annual cost for postsecondary tuition was CA$2,168 (€1,700)—less than half of Canada's average tuition. Quebec universities are among the least expensive in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Generally, private law is exercised under civil law, and public law is exercised under common law. However, since the two have always been very influential in Quebec law, with much crossover, the Québécois judicial system is considered to be mixed. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec However, because private law is mostly exercised under a civil tradition, case law is also a strong source. Quebec law is made up of the Constitution of Canada, the laws of the Quebec Legislature and the rules related to legislating. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Private law concerns the relations between individuals, while public law deals with the rules that govern the Québécois government. Private law in Quebec affects all relationships between individuals (natural or juridical persons) and is largely under the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec administrative law is the area of law that governs relations between individuals and the Quebec public administration. Quebec also has some jurisdiction over criminal law, but in a limited fashion, since the Parliament of Canada is responsible for criminal law. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The courts that have power over Quebec law are organized in a pyramid. At the bottom, there are the municipal courts, tribunal des professions, tribunal des droits de la personne, tribunaux administratifs, Court of Quebec, etc. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec At the bottom, there are the municipal courts, tribunal des professions, tribunal des droits de la personne, tribunaux administratifs, Court of Quebec, etc. Then, in the middle, there is the Superior Court of Quebec, the general court of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Parliament of Canada has authority over the courts it has created itself (ex. Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court, etc.), and, although Quebec manages them, it is the federal government which appoints and remunerates judges to the Superior Court of Quebec and the Court of Appeals of Quebec. The Parliament of Quebec is responsible for the administration of Quebec courts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec First, it is the general court of appeal for première instance judgements in Quebec Law. This means that it hears appeals coming from the Superior Court, the Court of Quebec and several administrative courts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Court of Appeal renders more than 1,500 judgments per year. The Superior Court of Quebec has the inherent power to rule on all cases other than those whose jurisdiction is assigned to another instance. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Court of Quebec, the municipal courts, the Human Rights Tribunal and the Professions Tribunal are all courts of first instance, or lower courts. Their powers are limited to the powers that are given to them by the authority which created them. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In addition, the Court of Quebec is made up of three chambers: the Youth Division, the Criminal and Penal Division and the Civil Division. The Civil division also includes the Small claims court of Quebec, a small claims division. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Finally, Quebec has a large number of administrative tribunals responsible for seeing to the application of one or more laws. In total, the Quebec judicial system has more than 500 judges. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In total, the Quebec judicial system has more than 500 judges. Nearly 300 of them work in the provincial courts, 25 at the Court of Appeal and nearly 200 at the Superior Court. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Sûreté du Québec fulfills the role of municipal police in the 1038 municipalities that don't have a municipal police force. The indigenous communities of Quebec have their own police forces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The RCMP has the power to enforce certain federal laws in Quebec. However, given the existence of the Sûreté du Québec, its role is more limited than in the other provinces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 2016, Quebec's median age was 41.2 years old. According to Quebec's age pyramid, the most numerous generation is the baby-boomers that are between 54 and 74 years of age. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Replacement rates being below 2,1 is a something that is becoming the norm across the world, and is already the norm in industrialised regions like Quebec. Quebec has a higher replacement rate than the Canadian average (1,47). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's population growth is usually middle-of-the-pack compared to other provinces and very high compared to other developed countries (ex. United States, France, Germany, etc.) --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Since the 1970s, Quebec has always had more immigrants than emigrants. This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This can be attributed to international immigration as the number of people moving to Quebec from another province is always lower than the other way around. As of 2019, most international immigrants come from China, India or France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is unique among the provinces in its overwhelmingly Roman Catholic population, though recently with a low church attendance. This is a legacy of colonial times when only Roman Catholics were permitted to settle in New France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Thus, creating the need for the colonists to "unify their patois" ("unite their dialects") and creating Quebec French. Québécois French became the vehicular language of New France, and it remained as such until the British's conquest of New France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1700, for every 250,000 English-speakers, there was 16,500 French-speakers. After the conquest of 1759, this reality became more brutal for Quebec, which now had to avoid assimilation by the British Empire's regime and survive culturally as well as linguistically. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec English made its first appearance in Quebec in 1760, when the British invaded and conquered Canada (New France). Shortly afterwards, the first English and Scottish merchants came to settle in the cities of Québec City and Montreal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1784, United Empire Loyalists flooded Quebec following their expulsion from the Thirteen Colonies during the United States' War of Independence. This dramatically increased the number of English speakers in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This dramatically increased the number of English speakers in Quebec. These Loyalists, avoiding the French-speaking and Catholic countryside, settled mainly in then underdeveloped regions, such as the Eastern Townships and the Outaouais. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Anglophones in Quebec have several institutions and infrastructural systems. At the school level, anglophones in Quebec have several school boards grouped together into the Association des commissions scolaire anglophones du Québec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This is a lower percentage than that of British Columbia, Ontario, Alberta, and Manitoba but higher than that of the remaining five provinces. Most visible minorities in Quebec live in or near Montreal. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The indigenous peoples of Quebec have inhabited the region for several millennia. Each community possesses its own social structure, culture and territorial entity. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Each community possesses its own social structure, culture and territorial entity. In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 2003, the indigenous population of Quebec numbered 159,905 people. However, because federal law only recognized children of indigenous fathers until the 1980s, the actual number may be higher. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec (Stadaconé, today, the city of Quebec), in 1534. Moreover, the legend of the Kingdom of Saguenay prompted King Francis I to finance new trips to the New World. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1978, the Naskapis joined the agreement when the Northeastern Quebec Agreement was signed. As a result, these three ethnic groups were able to break away from their subjugation to the Indian Act. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Furthermore, more than a million Québécois wear a patronym of Acadian origin. All of this is because a large number of Acadians had fled Acadia to take refuge in Quebec during the Great Upheaval. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The festival is held in Havre Aubert for about two weeks. There, Québécois and Acadians from all corners of Quebec and other neighbouring lands mingle to celebrate Acadian culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec For the 2017-2018 period, Quebec's budget was C$103,7 billion. This budget planned to provide $3 billion more to the healthcare sector over 2 years. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's economy has undergone tremendous changes over the last decade. Firmly grounded in the knowledge economy, Quebec has one of the highest growth rate of GDP in Canada. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is one of North America's leading high-tech players. This vast sector encompassing approximately 7,300 businesses and employ more than 145,000 people. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The abundance of natural resources gives Quebec an advantageous position on the world market. Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is remarkable for the natural resources of its vast territory. It has about 30 mines, 158 exploration companies and fifteen primary processing industries. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec As Quebec has few significant deposits of fossil fuels, all hydrocarbons are imported. Refiners' sourcing strategies have varied over time and have depended on market conditions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The industry provides employment to over 400,000 people. These employees work in the more than 29,000 tourism-related businesses in Quebec, most of which are restaurants or hotels. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec These employees work in the more than 29,000 tourism-related businesses in Quebec, most of which are restaurants or hotels. 70% of tourism-related businesses are located in or close to Montreal or Québec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec possesses 21 tourism regions and their development is taken care of by an autonomous network of regional tourism associations. Finally, Quebec is the theatre where many international events take place. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Overall, the province of Quebec count about 125 scientific publications per 100,000 inhabitants in 2009. The contribution of Quebec in science and technology represent approximately 1% of the researches worldwide since the 1980s to 2009. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 2020, school boards were replaced by school service centres. All universities in Quebec exist by virtue of laws adopted by the National Assembly of Quebec in 1967 during the Quiet Revolution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Quebec health system is public, which means that the state acts as the main insurer and administrator, and that funding is provided by general taxation. This ensures accessibility to care regardless of the patient's income level. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec There are 34 health establishments in Quebec, 22 of which are a Integrated Health and Social Services Centre (CISSS). They ensure the distribution of different services on the territories they are assigned to. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec has developed its own unique culture from its historic New France roots. Its culture also symbolizes a distinct perspective: being a French-speaking nation surrounded by a bigger English-speaking culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec It supports creation, innovation, production, and international exhibits for all cultural fields of Quebec. The Société de développement des entreprises culturelles (SODEC) works to promote and fund individuals working in the cultural industry. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Being a modern cosmopolitan society, today, all types of music can be found in Quebec. From folk music to hip-hop, music has always played an important role in Quebercers culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Mavis Gallant, born in Quebec, lived in Paris from the 1950s onward. Well-known English-language writers from Quebec include Leonard Cohen, Mordecai Richler, and Neil Bissoondath. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. Quebec is most famous for its Tourtière, Pâté Chinois, Poutine, St. Catherine's taffy among others. " --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is the biggest maple syrup producer on the planet. About 72% of the maple syrup sold on the international market (and 90% of the maple syrup sold in Canada) originates from Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec has produced beer since the beginning of colonization especially with the emergence of spruce beer. Quebec also produces a great number of high-quality wines including ice wine and ice cider. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Many were passed on through generations by what French speaking Québécois refer to as Les Raconteurs, or storytellers. Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Almost all of the stories native to Quebec were influenced by Christian dogma and superstitions. The Devil, for instance, appears often as either a person, an animal or monster, or indirectly through Demonic acts. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Association Quebecoise des Loisirs Folkloriques is an organization committed to preserving and disseminating Quebec's folklore heritage. It produces a number of publications and recordings, as well as sponsoring other activities. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Each new village would build its own church, often being inspired by the churches of Québec and Montreal in the process. These churches long served as landmarks while traversing rural Quebec and were built in the center of the town. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The internationally renowned designers who do business in Quebec are mainly concentrated in Les Cours Mont-Royal. La Grande Braderie exhibits the works of Québécois fashion designers. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec is home to a number of unique holidays and traditions not found anywhere else. St-Jean-Baptiste Day is Quebec's national holiday and is one of Quebec's biggest holidays. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Protestantism, a practice consisting of reformed catholicism, has been present in Quebec for a long time. From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec From the very beginning of Canada, several Huguenots of the calvinist religion were present in Quebec. Huguenots have been identified in almost all classes of society: settlers, fishermen, daughters of the king, etc. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In 1627, protestantism became no longer tolerated in New France. After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec After Quebec fell under British rule, the protestant religion, more particularly of the anglican faith, became a religion tolerated on Quebecois territory again. This was because the English immigrants who came to certain regions of Quebec followed this religion. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Another important place of worship in Quebec is the anglican Holy Trinity Cathedral, which was erected between 1800 and 1804. It was the first anglican cathedral built outside the British Isles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Saint-Jean-Baptiste, the patron saint of Canadiens, is honoured every 24 June during Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day. Finally, the Great Seal of Quebec is used to authenticate documents issued by the governmnent of Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The tree is admired for its diverse uses, its commercial value and its autumn colours. In 1998, the Montreal Insectarium sponsored a poll to choose an official insect for Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The white admiral butterfly (Limenitis arthemis) won with 32% of the 230 660 votes. However, the white admiral was never accepted by the Government of Quebec as an official symbol. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec When it comes to other countries, Quebec usually has associations for specific countries that it is interested in maintaining relationships with. Quebec has a historied relationship with France as it was a part of the French Empire and both regions share a language. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec has a historied relationship with France as it was a part of the French Empire and both regions share a language. The Fédération France-Québec and the francophonie are a few of the tools used for relations between Quebec and France. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec The Fédération France-Québec and the francophonie are a few of the tools used for relations between Quebec and France. In Paris, a place du Québec was inaugurated in 1980 and renovated in 2011. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec In Paris, a place du Québec was inaugurated in 1980 and renovated in 2011. Quebec also has a historied relationship with the United Kingdom, having been a part of the British Empire. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec These offices serve the purpose of representing Quebec in the country in which they are situated and they are overseen by Quebec's Ministry of International Relations. Quebec, like other Canadian provinces, also maintains representatives in some Canadian embassies and consulates general. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Quebec maintains relations with the Francophonie and the francophone regions of Canada outside of Quebec. In 1987 and 2008, the Francophonie Summit, the annual meeting of heads of states from member states of the Francophonie, took place in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Some tried to slow the Grande Hémorragie by redirecting people north, which resulted in the founding of many regions in Quebec (ex. Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Val-d'Or, etc.) but also in Northeastern Ontario. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Many of Quebec's national companies have expanded outside of Quebec for various reasons. The Bank of Montreal has branches in the United States and in the other Canadian provinces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec This double-mated surface is good at retaining both vacuum and pressure, but the fit must be very tight, to press the surfaces together firmly. Consequently, these zippers are typically very stiff when zipped shut and have minimal flex or stretch. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Zipper In 2018, the hotel was the setting of the dramatic web series Chateau Laurier. Due to budget constraints, however, the series was actually filmed at the Fairmont Royal York in Toronto. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Château Laurier In 1861, Lafontaine first met her future husband, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, at the home of Dr. Séraphin Gauthier, where both were boarding. During this time she was a piano teacher to Gauthier's children. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Zoé Laurier In English, the city and the province are officially distinguished by the fact that the province does not have an accented é and the city does. Informally, however, the accent is usually omitted in common usage, so the unofficial form "Quebec City" is used to distinguish the city from the province. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The name "Canada" refers to this settlement. Although the Acadian settlement at Port-Royal was established three years earlier, Quebec came to be known as the cradle of North America's Francophone population. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City These terms were signed into law with the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the French Company of One Hundred Associates. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The lands in Quebec and Acadia were returned to the French Company of One Hundred Associates. In 1665, there were 550 people in 70 houses living in the city. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City Quebec was the headquarters of many raids against New England during the four French and Indian Wars. In 1690 the city was attacked by the English, but was successfully defended. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The city itself was not attacked during the War of 1812, when the United States again attempted to annex Canadian lands. Amid fears of another American attack on Quebec City, construction of the Citadelle of Quebec began in 1820. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City It is the first church in the New World to be raised to a basilica and is the primatial church of Canada. There are 37 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec City and its enclaves. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City However, some disparities exist. The southwest former cities of Sillery, Cap-Rouge and Sainte-Foy are considered to be the wealthiest, along with some parts of Montcalm and Old Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City Of the former total, 48.2% were male and 51.8% were female. Children under five accounted for approximately 4.7% of the resident population of Quebec City. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City Quebec City holds the Coop FIS Cross-Country World Cup. This is a ski event that welcomes the best of that sport. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City The reasons for this remain unclear. Another researcher put forward the historical factors that led to Montreal surpassing Quebec as the metropolis of British North America in the early 19th century. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec City In practice, "separatist" and "sovereignist" are terms used to describe individuals wanting the province of Quebec to separate from Canada to become a country of its own; supporters of the movement generally prefer the latter term. The term "independentist" is preferred by some supporters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement English-speaking, while New Brunswick is officially bilingual and about one-third Francophone. Another rationale is based on resentment of anti-Quebec sentiment. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement The constitutional amendment of 1982 was agreed to by representatives from 9 of the 10 provinces (with René Lévesque abstaining). Nonetheless, the constitution is integral to the political and legal systems used in Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Regardless of Quebec government's refusal to approve the 1982 constitutional amendment because the promised reforms were not implemented, the amendment went into effect. To many in Quebec, the 1982 constitutional amendment without Quebec's approval is still viewed as a historic political wound. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement For a majority of Quebec politicians, whether sovereignist or not, the problem of Quebec's political status is considered unresolved to this day. Although Quebec independence is a political question, cultural concerns are also at the root of the desire for independence. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. The first organization dedicated to the independence of Quebec was the Alliance Laurentienne, founded by Raymond Barbeau on January 25, 1957. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement More than 96% of the Inuit and Cree voted No in the referendum. However, The Innu, Attikamek, Algonquin and Abenaki nations did partially support Quebec sovereignty. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement This feeling is exemplified by the statement — "If Canada is divisible, then so is Quebec" made by federalists in 1995 or "If Quebec can separate from Canada, then we can separate from Quebec". In contemporary times most mainstream political parties in Quebec deny or refuse to comment on the idea that Quebec can be divided up. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement During the 2007 Quebec election, federalist and Liberal Party of Quebec leader Jean Charest said that "All of these things are hypothetical questions... I do not think that Quebec is divisible. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement After polling heavily on the subject, marketing firm president Mark Leger concluded: “These numbers surprise me, they're so clear across the country.... You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion.” The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Do you personally consider that Quebecers form a nation or not?" Canadians from every region outside Quebec, non-Francophone Quebecers (62 per cent), Francophone Canadians outside Quebec (77 per cent) all rejected the idea. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. This changed back to the view of the French Foreign Office under Sarkozy's successor, François Hollande. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement In the movie, the Parti Québécois has formed the government of Quebec but Premier Gaston Belisle has repeatedly put off its promise to hold a referendum. International politics forces Belisle's hand. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec sovereignty movement Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco Repairs should be carried out as soon as problems become visible, as the damage will only become worse over time. Cracks may form in the stucco due to building settling or direct damage to the exterior coating. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco Cracks may form in the stucco due to building settling or direct damage to the exterior coating. Once water is able to breach the coating, whether through an opening in the stucco itself or from beneath its surface, fragile stucco can begin to buckle and crumble. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco Downspouts, gutters, flashing and other means of managing directing water away from the building will prevent damage from getting worse. Without proper guttering, water may splash up onto stuccoed surfaces, staining and accelerating the deterioration of the finish. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco Without proper guttering, water may splash up onto stuccoed surfaces, staining and accelerating the deterioration of the finish. Grading of the soil around the building may also be necessary to redirect moisture away from the structure and foundation. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco All surfaces should be cleaned to remove paint, oil, or plant growth. Stone or brick mortar joints may be scored to a depth of 5/8" to allow for the proper adhesion of the new stucco. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Stucco HREOC describes the use of the standard. In Sydney, blocks are installed at rail and light rail station platforms, before exterior stairways, before exterior obstacles, and at airports and bus stops. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Tactile paving Mont-Laurier has a humid continental climate (Dfb). It is strongly influenced by its inland position, with significant differences between the warm summers and the very cold winters. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mont-Laurier Mont-Laurier is the administrative and commercial centre of the Haute-Lievre area. Many residents are employed by the various governments, the schools and the hospital. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Mont-Laurier The Quebec Nordiques formed as one of the original World Hockey Association teams in 1972. The franchise was not one of the eight original teams established when the league was announced on November 1, 1971. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques Their brother, Marian, would follow and also sign with Quebec in the summer of 1981. The following season, led by Peter Stastny's 109-point Calder Memorial Trophy-winning performance --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques In 1984–85, Montreal and Quebec battled for the Adams Division championship. The Nordiques finished with 91 points, at the time their highest point total as an NHL team. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques It soon became clear Lafleur's best years were far behind him. "The Flower" managed only 24 goals in 98 games with Quebec over two seasons. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques In 1991, the Nordiques once again had the first overall pick in the NHL Entry Draft. They picked junior star Eric Lindros, even though he had let it be known well in advance that he would never play for Quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques Additionally, while the Packers are the only NFL team in the state of Wisconsin, the Nordiques always played "second fiddle" to the Canadiens in Quebec. The Packers also have a grandfathered (in their league) unique ownership structure that effectively prevents them from relocating. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques Then as now, Quebec City had no privately owned English-language radio stations and only one privately owned English-language television station. The only English-language newspaper was the weekly Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Quebec Nordiques Laurier's school colours, purple and gold, extend from its early affiliation with Western; originally maroon and gold, the school adopted purple in lieu of maroon to honour its link with Western, whose colours were purple and white. While Laurier's colours remain, it ended its affiliation with Western in 1960. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University The faculty also attracts a greater percentage of students from outside Ontario than any other faculty at Laurier. Laurier's music program offers the only master's degree in Music Therapy. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University Laurier's Waterloo Campus is located in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo. The majority of the University's faculties reside at the Waterloo Campus, including Business, Arts, Science, Music, and Health. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University As of January 2015, there were 2,625 full-time students, and an unstated number of part-time students, enrolled at the school. In late 2017, Laurier estimated a total of over 3,000 students. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University In late 2017, Laurier estimated a total of over 3,000 students. According to Maclean's, Laurier's "Standout Programs" in 2017-2018 included Game Design and Development at the Brantford campus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University It was the sixth Yates Cup victory for Laurier in its history. The game also ended McMaster's four-year Ontario championship winning streak. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University The Wilfrid Laurier University Students' Union (WLUSU) represents undergraduate students at both campuses of Wilfrid Laurier University. It operates the Fred Nichols Campus Centre in Waterloo as well as the Students' Centre on Laurier's Brantford Campus. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier University During the second, the spacewalkers replaced the failed gyroscope. On the third, they installed the External Stowage Platform and repaired the shuttle, the first time repairs had been carried out during a spacewalk on the exterior of a spacecraft in flight. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) STS-114 Laval was named after the first owner of Île Jésus, François de Montmorency-Laval, the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Quebec. At the time, Laval had a population of 170,000. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Laval, Quebec The organisation aims to improve the businesses, culture, tourism, and online identity of Quebec and the Québécois through the .quebec TLD. According to the PointQuébec organisation, .quebec will allow all Quebecers to register their domain names under .quebec. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) .quebec The application was supported by the Quebec National Assembly and other cultural, technical, and economic institutions in the province. The application received support from all political parties in the legislature. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) .quebec The organisation will verify legitimate registrations via statements of intent through a post-verification registration system. Quebec officially launched on November 18, 2014. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) .quebec Assemblée nationale du Québec) is the legislative body of the province of Quebec in Canada. Legislators are called MNAs (Members of the National Assembly; French: députés). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Assembly of Quebec However, the lieutenant governor, acting on the advice of the premier, can dissolve the legislature and call an election earlier. Any person holding Canadian citizenship and who has resided in Quebec for at least six months qualifies to be on the electoral list. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec's territory is divided into 125 electoral districts (ridings). In each riding, the candidate who receives the most votes is elected and becomes a member of the National Assembly (MNA). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Assembly of Quebec Quebec elections have also tended to be volatile since the 1970s, producing a large turnover in Assembly seats. Consequently, existing political parties often lose more than half their seats with the rise of new or opposition political parties. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Assembly of Quebec Geckos are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of foods, including insects and worms. Most gecko species, including the crested gecko (Rhacodactylus ciliatus), can climb walls and other surfaces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Gecko feet A 2011 Maclean's historical ranking of the Prime Ministers placed Laurier first. Canada's first francophone prime minister, Laurier holds a number of records. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier Finally, he is the fourth-longest serving Prime Minister of Canada, behind King, Macdonald, and Pierre Trudeau. Laurier's portrait has been displayed on the Canadian five-dollar note since 1972. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier Over the next two years, he familiarized himself with the mentality, language and culture of British people. Laurier attended the Collège de L'Assomption and graduated in law from McGill University in 1864. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier Catholic priests in Quebec repeatedly warned their parishioners not to vote for Liberals. Their slogan was "le ciel est bleu, l'enfer est rouge" (heaven is blue[Meaning Conservative metaphorically), hell is red [Meaning Liberal metaphorically]). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier Laurier led Canada during a period of rapid growth, industrialization, and immigration. His long career straddles a period of major political and economic change. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier The Catholic minority asked the federal government for support, and eventually, the Conservatives proposed remedial legislation to override Manitoba's legislation. Laurier opposed the remedial legislation on the basis of provincial rights and succeeded in blocking its passage by Parliament. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier "In August 1911, Wilfrid Laurier approved the order-in-council P.C. 1911-1324 recommended by Minister of the Interior, Frank Oliver and approved by the cabinet on 12 August 1911. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier The navy would initially consist of five cruisers and six destroyers; in times of crisis, it could be made subordinate to the British Royal Navy. The idea was lauded at the 1911 Imperial Conference in London, but it proved unpopular across the political spectrum in Canada, especially in Quebec as ex-Liberal Henri Bourassa organized an anti-Laurier force. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier Wilfrid Laurier married Zoé Lafontaine in Montreal on 13 May 1868. She was the daughter of G.N.R. Lafontaine and his first wife, Zoé Tessier known as Zoé Lavigne. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Wilfrid Laurier According to the 2010 census, Laurier had one permanent resident. Laurier was named for Sir Wilfrid Laurier, prime minister of Canada from 1896 to 1911. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Laurier, Washington WLU's president, Deborah MacLatchy, and Professor Nathan Rambukkana published letters of apology on 21 November. MacLatchy said of the meeting that it "does not reflect the values and practices to which Laurier aspires". --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lindsay Shepherd MacLatchy said of the meeting that it "does not reflect the values and practices to which Laurier aspires". In his apology, Rambukkana said he should have done more to support Shepherd as her course director and supervisor, and that he had reconsidered some of his positions since the meeting. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lindsay Shepherd She appears in the 2019 documentary No Safe Spaces. In early 2018, Shepherd founded the Laurier Society for Open Inquiry (LSOI). --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Lindsay Shepherd It was Sears' second store in the Quebec City area (after the location at Place Fleurs de Lys) and its third in the province of Quebec as a whole. The rest of the northern section inaugurated in 1972.By 1976 Place Laurier was already well over 1 million square feet with 300 stores, making it the largest shopping mall in Canada at the time. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Laurier Québec La compagnie Paquet merged in the 1970s with Syndicat de Québec store chain. Despite the merger, Paquet and Syndicat retained their respective stores at Place Laurier. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Laurier Québec Zellers acquired the Bonimart chain in 1990. On April 14, 1991, Zellers converted Bonimart into its nameplate resulting in Place Laurier having two department stores with the same name. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Laurier Québec Shark skin is another example of antifouling, self-cleaning and low adhesion surfaces. This hydrophilic surface allows sharks to maneuvers fast in water. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces The template was then removed by dissolving the aluminum and producing either nanoemboss or nanofiber surfaces. Increasing the aspect ratio of the nanofibers disrupted the uniform hexagonal pattern and caused the fibers to form bundles. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces The ion acceleration towards the surface forms deep grooves within the surface. In addition to the topography, plasma treatment can also provide surface functionalization by using different gases to deposit different elements on surfaces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces In addition to the topography, plasma treatment can also provide surface functionalization by using different gases to deposit different elements on surfaces. Surface roughness is dependent on the duration of plasma etching. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces Generally, chemical deposition uses liquid or vapor phases to deposit inorganic materials or halides onto surfaces as thin films. Reagents are supplied in the appropriate stoichiometric amounts to react on the surface. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces These methodologies produce thin crystalline nanostructures. For example, brucite-type cobalt hydroxide crystalline surfaces were produced by chemical bath deposition and coated with lauric acid. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces The size of nanotopography can be measured. To prepare samples for SEM, surfaces are often sputter coated using platinum, gold/palladium, or silver, which reduces sample damage and charging and improves edge resolution. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces Atomic-force microscopy is used to study the local roughness and mechanical properties of a surface. AFM is also used to characterize adhesion and friction properties for micro- and nano-patterned superhydrophobic surfaces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces AFM is also used to characterize adhesion and friction properties for micro- and nano-patterned superhydrophobic surfaces. Results can be used to fit a curve to the surface topography and determine the radius of curvature of nanostructures. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces Oftentimes, biological materials can produce structures, that have properties and qualities far exceeding what synthetic materials can achieve. Biomimicry is being used to create comparable properties in synthetic materials, particularly in wettability and self-cleaning abilities of self-cleaning surfaces. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) Self-cleaning surfaces This body is mandated to short-list candidates and forward their suggestions to the Governor-in-Council. Any person born, living, or who has lived in Quebec, save for anyone serving as a Member of the National Assembly of Quebec, is eligible to be nominated and names may be submitted posthumously. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Order of Quebec Promotion through the grades is possible for both substantive and honorary members. Admission recognizes conspicuous meritorious actions that improve or support Quebec and/or its language and culture. --- (0.06, 0.0, 0.06) National Order of Quebec